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Recently a similar idea was considered in the framework of light-front holographic QCD (LFHQCD) {{cite:f6bf7870ec4d2e82702b736e0c1a4b932219373e}}, {{cite:ab8555cc3b965157ee4b619ee649d507565f4eff}}, {{cite:ab6015b802a553c6215ce7ecb0d1b3c2e62b9a97}}. In particular, a function [named as {{formula:c3f2c49f-08e4-480b-9da4-f...
i
2e1b3d7dcaadc1c44148db25e5daf516
GNNs including the state-of-the-art methods suffer from a class imbalance problem that typically deteriorates the performance of multi-class classification. Interestingly, the simplest algorithm SGC {{cite:8879a6790d96589416229ebea979d602a998233c}} outperforms recent complicated GNN algorithms in a class imbalanced se...
i
6f0a6dac9f469810e4833f91ec4d00c6
Given the sensitivity improvement to massive BBH signals with higher harmonics, we deployed our new search to analyse the publicly available O3 data from Advanced LIGO detectors {{cite:7efc8d748d564f429c87fd05ec3674d0fdf33d11}}. To do this, we divided the data into nine independent blocks of {{formula:4f9fe519-f0a8-4fc...
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We first make note of several useful results about the solutions to the equations (REF ) and (), which have been proved in {{cite:b584bf90ab59c9aa622140dcfabff28c4e6d1e4e}}. Before proceeding, first recall the following mapping {{formula:f54ee7c1-4b58-44b9-a193-2340ba0c0dee}} previously introduced in (): {{formula:a13...
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382e61888005ef7c87afc4f5b00a9355
The Gross-Pitaevskii energy functional for a Bose-Bose mixture, including the Lee-Huang-Yang correction accounting for quantum fluctuations beyond mean-field reads {{cite:35c272dead23543252a486ac9a36dc9b1684f0c2}}, {{cite:f63b5d8567d0be773833fdf91e6dbc45455bcc24}} {{formula:865ede6a-5917-4c43-bb4b-81ae4c2b7205}}
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Multi-layer feedforward neural networks have strong expressive power. Theoretically, as long as the number of neurons is large enough, the feedforward neural networks can simultaneously approximate any function and their partial derivatives {{cite:38535208945c3bae06bd611b4b8bd1bf088c051a}}. TPINN {{cite:45ef25f0cc3d037...
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We performed an error analysis on the first baseline's results. We first observe that, in 92% of the errors, the predicted span and the ground-truth overlap. Furthermore, in 56% of the errors, the predicted spans are a subset or superset of the ground-truth spans. This indicates that the model finds the rough answer re...
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Observe that the expression (REF ), () is similar to the Lax pair representation of the two-dimensional Toda hierarchy {{cite:7d14bee0a672a10c0b7c1bc66cae02b0bfc5d33e}}, which carries a tri-Hamiltonian structure {{cite:5ae90d64c573d06ac8a411728cb3a3256e266ce4}}. Following the idea of {{cite:5ae90d64c573d06ac8a411728cb3...
i
cf80f25b213ddc696840c0f69b15f350
The direct strategy involves the utilization of one model that is capable of predicting the entire future trajectory in a one-shot manner. Most trajectory prediction methods are characterized by direct prediction. For example, early works adopted the Bayesian network method {{cite:313f2fda7e6e4df0fe090454a4e23475dc4478...
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In Table REF , we provide the thermal ionization coefficients for K, Na, and H from {{cite:e4098d18cf5df93c6a400687fdaaaa9d46de015b}}, which is a theoretical work, to match the rates used in {{cite:3bf2a3a69ae73227dbf6d03f35e747af16574682}}. In the 1960s and 1970s, there were many discussions about the ionization rates...
d
dc2b78892b0759d0d8ebca14585ba0d5
Since the interconnecting digraph with the adjacency matrix {{formula:c18761c6-4ae9-4fa0-84ad-2f551434df01}} has a spanning tree, the Laplacian matrix {{formula:a7f113a8-9a57-456f-ba12-41e254fa1287}} satisfies rank{{formula:f1764f63-71ea-4046-9fb9-4e4e622838c3}} {{cite:8f1de30d8e7c4c59660a7626d1626006aab10a69}}. So ...
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0c51cb2f200b73184aa224fdc54f7b34
Deep reinforcement learning can be used to learn complex robotic manipulation tasks by using model-free deep policies. Kalashnikov et al. demonstrates this by proposing a QT-opt technique to provide a scalable approach for vision-based robotic manipulation applications {{cite:daf7472b31e14663630f8d6396481daec535eb4d}}....
i
eb07ec627305d96e183ced401f357795
It is important to note that while the dynamics of the ODE model captures the mean field dynamics of the edge states it overestimates the severity of the disease as compared to the network model. The cause for this discrepancy is at least three fold. First, the moment closure assumed that the average excess degree {{fo...
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1db26ed1eb58d91af873cb3e5651e4bb
Classic Byzantine fault-tolerant (BFT) state machine replication (SMR) protocols like PBFT {{cite:b14a8e4525e25e7ea4e7426a73fe59e93e98587a}} rely on a stable leader to drive the protocol until a view change occurs. This limits their scalability and deployability in a context that involves thousands of nodes and require...
i
b56229d5bf1c246daa794b5729ae9791
To the best of our knowledge, there exist two popular methods for analyzing constrained bandits or MDPs. They are both based on primal-dual optimization and only differ in the analysis techniques. The first one is based on convex optimization tools as in {{cite:b0d7dc0960398aa8295a218163322db9126d1d1d}}, {{cite:5c261b9...
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5e4e6aff1473df6197ec97f7e392df88
Recently, {{cite:44a63f966e168780affe11cb8e4a4779148f7ec8}} proposed curl to deal with a fully ull setting with unknown cluster labels. We have developed our idea independently in parallel with curl but in a fully Bayesian framework. curl is the most related and comparable method to ours in the literature. curl focuses...
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4d6375c075eced6fe88addb2fa22e6de
Topological Insulators (TI) are a new class of material that exhibit non-trivial band topology due to a strong spin-orbit coupling {{cite:02e3e11317e51cd457de0cb4882a17e0cd4458b8}}, {{cite:af2733b13c99ec25fb58990ef12be7ced01cebd3}}, {{cite:e186add78cf10eef71be10dd2ac84325abf1e293}}, {{cite:77d26fd348096aa5c837f8ca60628...
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5a623e21a70b737fe1c81e0f4b32ac75
Most of the works on nonequilibrium thermodynamics deal with the QE approximations and corrections to them, or with applications of these approximations (with or without corrections). There are two basic formulation of the QE approximation: the thermodynamic approach, based on entropy maximum, or the kinetic formulatio...
i
18bd2ffdc9c542c0cb292ea873dc797f
As an aside, while it is not our goal to set a task-specific state of the art, within RGM the structural embeddings yield competitive performance to other leading methods. Compared to results from the state of the art graph isomorphism networks reported in  {{cite:569e51b5f6703d8a2bbf2f03e2e1efcecbf46d91}} and Weisfeil...
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ffcaeaf2d527370cd5da93a4e51a42c9
Motor proteins (MP) are an integral part of the cytoskeleton in eukaryotic cells {{cite:85d8c5515ae1796b501adc5adde4cda00d274a08}}, {{cite:500d62cfd35a494764c86a28e8a263f942642be9}}, {{cite:fe61cc207f61809922dfdec39182885a869a7944}}. They are involved in a wide span of functions in subcellular processes, e.g., intracel...
i
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In this work, we approach the resource allocation problem through Centroidal Voronoi Tessellations (CVTs). Even though they date centuries, Voronoi tessellations (VTs) have been found to be immensely helpful in various applications ranging from health to computer graphics to natural sciences. The first documented appli...
i
298e392475258d73d29ea4e222a6c043
A significant difference between our results and the conclusions of the analytical model by {{cite:8a9620ecd6610717eb7d1f8abba5f19cd9e36ab3}} are characteristic timescales for propagation of perturbations. According to the analytical model presented in {{cite:8a9620ecd6610717eb7d1f8abba5f19cd9e36ab3}}, characteristic p...
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5634105c645ce1e8d9dc4efcdf41111a
The model is composed of three layers: a character-enhanced token embedding layer, a label prediction layer, and a label sequence optimization layer. The character-enhanced token embedding layer maps each token into a vector representation. The sequence of vector representations corresponding to a sequence of tokens ar...
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5f952b680884bb1eeed2dc56d4b5b8ee
In this section we discuss about the undetermined coefficient {{formula:30af8841-c748-4a1c-bef8-17e505b88876}} for both photon and gravitino cases. To determine this, we begin by studying the behaviour of actions (REF ) and (REF ) for the photon tunneling first. Apparently, one might think, for a zero rest mass field ...
d
bb08815d1535d4ff8ac4c80684349043
We will use the following inequality about sub-gaussian random variables. For a proof, see {{cite:1e3f17d00954986c3c1bc774cdcaa0d0771de85c}}.
r
1b79182542f0f81320be483c68ac832b
We explicitly showed for the Schur index of {{formula:a757ba78-2dad-48df-82d6-bfd270746f11}} that different choices of the expansion domains give different functions for single giant graviton contributions {{formula:fa5310a5-82ee-4037-9af8-687940146663}} ({{formula:0de04143-60c7-43ad-819f-10d761b6a498}} ). If we use ...
d
5a875f63431cbe1064ba47e309434204
To illustrate the effectiveness of BRPO, we compare against six baselines: DQN {{cite:1b8ad81339f2c6a59a0142cd70f555bd83fa6568}}, discrete BCQ {{cite:8fd886b0663fe3c98fc084cea339ac974144b332}}, KL-regularized Q-learning (KL-Q) {{cite:27d33ba10f98de640464635ad6d8729e442c6f2b}}, SPIBB {{cite:d829daafd4ab6b375e0f6fd1a56cb...
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d1afa1690030f73c0f960743b0f20fbc
Our goal is to convert an input of {{formula:e6d1c42e-4f13-4f65-8f0b-91b84c7994fb}} into an {{formula:e040250c-34fd-488c-a8d4-14d7a1f846d5}} . In a nutshell, our system fine-tunes a text-to-image and super-resolution Imagen models on pairs of {{formula:25831f3b-ef5e-4a9b-b387-5e50b3c31637}} for a very low number of i...
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bfce1fb42f65f236c36f8ced0bb682b1
and {{formula:690ceb67-f763-495c-9c88-f7aecb7cbfbf}} on {{formula:ea2dc05d-e6f8-4a60-b574-597e0d3e0c2a}} . Parabolic regularity theory (see e.g. {{cite:5fcdd7c24745d0f2e210610ac9bc73825ffae930}}) implies that {{formula:e22e4c29-a27e-45e3-b0a3-f8db1cabdbe2}} and the second derivatives of {{formula:83161732-146b-4373-9...
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efdf7ce375eee7b83f2f68afc0d3a6b1
Overparameterization is a necessity for continual learning so that there can exist an infinity of potential optima for each task {{cite:dce21b06c2786a0d8867ab673fc3e27016da5b57}}. This makes it likely that there exists an optimum for some task B that is close to the solutions of some task A. We provide experimental evi...
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0d554cd512a1adadbfb79c910622cd80
In {{cite:e81f4d4caa439deca66b2cfacea39bff55cabd7b}}, Margulis obtained asymptotics for the volume growth and orbit counting for balls of large radius, in the setting of manifolds with negative curvature. Similar asymptotics were obtained in {{cite:8b253fe4c64362595597c6cb5c8aa83f3464feae}} for the Teichmüller space. T...
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c23a7e2ab19f665ff4fd4a8cde7a720a
Our estimations indicate that the depth of field submergence for the considered population of young neutron stars is very shallow, possibly leading to the selection of these objects as rotationally powered pulsars. Smaller space velocities result with larger amount of accretion and very long diffusion time-scales of bu...
d
3d156cea64b02082767f426e5da6a519
To facilitate our discussion, we assume equal transmit SNRs, i.e., {{formula:4d03151f-d9c0-4ac4-915c-0b2f68183ce2}} . By identifying the asymptotic results (REF ) with {{cite:2eeb1849fe7e61f28b44801f5b7007a3c9f50365}}, {{cite:054ca9d8210a2a48538070c611c5cad447f7c54b}}, the asymptotic outage probabilities of the propose...
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6baddddad22d8943d190db27e23c7906
The quantum anomalous Hall (QAH) insulator, which was first proposed by Haldane {{cite:3a49f3c0e1ccdb413e70a382cb98a9b24a17ebc4}}, is another key member of the family of quantum Hall insulators. A QAH insulator can have a quantized Hall conductivity even without an external magnetic field that breaks the time-reversal ...
i
9f6332eeb8e4949292a4495da343b889
Early work conjectured the existence of a non-linear path of non-increasing loss between solutions found by SGD {{cite:674c01cec477f0266f521a569526deae6a528b70}}, {{cite:aa4b4b06aed6952e3707101c0de719599d5b5040}} and empirically showed how to find it {{cite:759ce6853b367baa3726eb869c2ae7dd6dd55de2}}, {{cite:2b4a5d9e684...
i
d6a0ac6a5b871c605e7f709841a767fc
Architecture. We use i-ResNet as the classification network {{formula:1a0a3dde-d8cc-46d2-b3fe-8bdf154cd14e}} .blueWe report additional results with another invertible network i-RevNet {{cite:535371f950640f6ceb4fe2a0649ad72ea15cc54b}} in the supplementary material. We mostly follow the recommended configurations in {{ci...
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b6b4d228cb46a4b5f92e8731500fa15f
We also find that the “naive" identifier performs better than the “clinical only" identifier across all diseases. Its performance as a baseline draws parallels with a former study on multiclass classification problems ({{cite:4a39d75d33e19e8ac5f338898aa51473bedc95b6}}) which shows that maximum softmax output can be use...
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6260b72364694bad1b67d50691d92be8
The flood images are shown in Fig. REF . ClimateGAN++ {{cite:ab0ff59dd99a88c4ca35c71ed3e248313ac838f4}} cannot reconstruct realistic reflection on the water surface, Stable Diffusion {{cite:603ab2cd883444611b2da3f33cc820583a52c64e}} synthesize realistic water appearance but also produce random objects (e.g., cars, sign...
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d70ee80b69880c881590f0b2e42bf520
The quenching factor accounts for missing correlations and missing many-body effects in the transition operators. The truncation of the full Hilbert space to the reduced SM space has the effect of excluding all correlations between the model-space configurations and the configurations belonging to either the doubly-clo...
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8fea909a928b67f564374bba7a327292
Empirical evidence suggests that teams of either high or low expertise diversity may possess the potential to develop original and high-impact research. But the level of interdisciplinarity in the approaches implemented by high-originality or high-impact teams varies substantively, which can be predicted by the team me...
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5cb061b515c75ac8ade94a1d822e920b
In the adaptive Metropolis (AM) algorithm by {{cite:99076bd567c4dbf2c59a3893b61711d4eb1e56ff}}, the covariance matrix {{formula:c7d392af-ad6a-4055-b491-61bc7ddb158c}} for the step {{formula:cfec1908-1a3f-40b7-8b23-ffb662cc3f91}} is estimated as follows: {{formula:dc41d3e2-75ac-4f95-8bcb-afc28ffb32f8}}
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5500952e44cdf3d370caccddd566e5ea
In this paper, we have proved the conjecture of Anshu et. al. for {{formula:cb4c53fd-a629-426d-830c-07c292f6f6ac}} by proving that {{formula:39037b6f-0543-474f-a486-1ae497764dc5}} . The conjecture remains open for {{formula:78813bf6-086d-4647-b6aa-29bf31bd781a}} . Consider any neighborly {{formula:7e35787a-7854-4688-b...
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03f89a64e2ba8eeb6fbee7e815b9472a
By neglecting mesons' fluctuations it is easy to solve the gap equation of chiral condensate at finite temperature as well as chemical potential under rotation. As the phase diagram shown in Ref. {{cite:68c51e0b045efcf851d1d0606b9cf881318ddef8}}, {{cite:a1f8ac6e394aee396b45405d238dd31d4e390f97}}, {{cite:6006d615733b9df...
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e398cc959f0ae5e90539ee3ff770dc68
Outdoor scenes. We used KITTI odometry {{cite:8547e8c43d37c82569452a95c62b47356fd9bd90}} dataset (sequence 0-8 for train, 9-10 for eval) and sampled image pairs with a min rotation of 15{{formula:70693c52-7d11-4e07-b45b-9964c2d5f8eb}} and translation of 10m (36K train pairs, 1K test pairs, mean translation {{formula:c...
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3b02243f53068635b708269cbd5530cf
     Estimation of equation (REF ) using the fitted values of the participation probabilities for {{formula:4abcd621-68f6-41ca-a9bd-b7635a019c29}} yields estimates of {{formula:dd758833-3d5e-48b2-8bf4-28ad0655b66b}} , {{formula:5589894b-9073-4974-a2f3-2f27820f82e4}} , and the parameters of the {{formula:6dde463d-edc3-...
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0a63b8f310596ef766a4fd94c3f6e912
Overall Results: Fig. REF presents overall performance on ZSD and GZSD tasks across different comparison methods with two different seen/unseen split of MS-COCO. In addition to mAP, we also report recall (RE) to compare with {{cite:9ae6970ac0d39e75833e9c2d317129be6e6b9d5c}}. With 48/17 settings, our method (and baseli...
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1acac8e392f1ba05c028e636e62dbf01
We compute the unsupervised explanations for the penultimate layer of our composer classification system and test multiple NTD ranks. As in {{cite:d2cf2f11b4b429bbc907e51f4ad1320f893ee894}}, we present each concept to the user through the five piece excerpts with the highest average concept presence. The presentation o...
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f64a5568bce935e3a2811225e2e697e1
All these characteristics align well with the design choices of CNNs: selecting local features and combining them locally is the natural structure emerging from the image classification task—it represents the winning ticket that can be more easily trained. While other features like weight sharing simply cannot be repro...
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39835ba4afa63f72b16d944c7db67dca
Kingma and Ba {{cite:a9c04d1f565ed2500eb837182944256f72a3f194}} tried to prove that their Adam optimizer zeroed the error-measure known as regret over time, in a learning task called online convex optimization {{cite:580611794a4fda0ec286700ce4c57d3415b8d262}}. Rubio {{cite:18fbdf491859e30e56c5e3626bb34b6ea1d426f9}} and...
i
5827d3011e51d4e86f69751515308238
We designed experiments that helped us to comparatively evaluate the performance of 10 state-of-the-art CNNs models on three classes classification of COVID19, normal, and pneumonia classes. This list of considered CNNs architectures consisted of models as; the famous VGG and variant {{cite:b82a23c2d2b05787dabce042b1ef...
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f53abe5ac37ab75c383ba804c6737296
More generally, we identify the novel direction and length extrapolation gSCAN tasks as a particular kind of compositional generalization task that requires generating OOD output sequences. This “decode-side” flavor of compositionality is germane to many seq2seq tasks, including visual question answering/automated capt...
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49ef4690292e806c5b082ee10f475d23
Considering the success that neural transformers have demonstrated across various natural language processing tasks  {{cite:06a9f693411cae10d8e1012fcf1930fe0be0e9a9}}, {{cite:f1a13c388931b2929336401fda835538e9482c45}}, {{cite:9d1a596322f69ba5e3856ea6b5d488ffdf2b1540}} including offensive language identification  {{cite...
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7abd828c8ba9db268f8021c914971ff2
Figure REF demonstrates the relation between the effective tidal deformability {{formula:7a985eec-391a-4ccb-a72a-7756cbf1a67b}} and the radius {{formula:200ecf48-f687-4b20-be6d-5dfbfad63778}} of a {{formula:bd1365ff-b468-45cc-ad0e-1980e915bb9a}} neutron star. As a reference we used the range of the component masses...
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8fa4e124fd1cdaf15bf3b211254099be
In Fig. REF , we show the measured {{formula:2a59d269-6dab-432a-b367-844eec91c6ce}} for hadron combinations with ({{formula:71425aa2-bc1e-48dc-8cbf-1da1a4bf458a}} , {{formula:e57c7ead-be0c-41bc-b802-4d6c0f64d33a}} ) {{formula:cf5a5868-6855-4eaa-9a82-1a5084a06869}} (0, 0), (4/3, 2) in 10%-40% Au+Au collisions at {{for...
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We describe three methods which are based on perturbation of the input. These methods are inspired by occlusion analysis {{cite:88f9d98ca80e16396969300dd801011946d85e56}} and are model-agnostic (access to the model structure, weights and gradients is not required). The input is perturbed in ways described below and the...
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a1990c438bb6c152e0a5f926d9651e3b
between the two objective functions {{formula:cfa071d4-a432-4d3b-bb8d-255fc634ff09}} and {{formula:5e2e377e-2069-41f5-92f6-340df314c7a6}} , for different values of the parameter {{formula:0ceb2434-3666-4545-a246-b5459fa784be}} (an adaptive version of the method can be applied in cases for which the classical weighted...
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b564873801a85dd296ed88744fb13141
In this paper we propose a novel TM matching and retrieval method based on the Universal Sentence Encoder {{cite:6e051e1a8bd60f0ae0e72874095cf5747b3a2445}} which has the capability to capture semantically similar segments in TMs better than methods based on edit distance. We selected the Universal Sentence Encoder as o...
i
9112945e0856c3b5c89238ca7e135489
Over the next few years, progress continued using a combination of methods. These include improving the generative model architecture with modifications like multi-scale generators {{cite:b4e5df23bbad25ef33f33101ba54d27063ddc3b9}}, {{cite:c1aa70206ba2800f9e893bc2cc4d310efd482d93}}, integrating attention and auxiliary l...
i
a073b03c424a82b06b9702a6afcb413c
Following {{cite:d8bd4ce471337c1e2b30e7773dc5ea8974db67d0}}, we represent 3D shapes and 3D sketches as point clouds, and train the model via a Siamese training with a triplet loss {{cite:fe585732c264dff4edb8848f0d8ffea45c8afc3e}}, {{cite:b773f9ebbc97a5e38bc39e6c71d69174685c132d}}, {{cite:a0746cb82c23d33adb62fa62847084f...
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6d39b7eb8f0d60b79b382b1fbc4d8b40
The organizer baseline F1 scores for the validation and test data are 0.58 and 0.654 respectively. The details of the baseline are given in {{cite:f86e0bd83224c11acdf376a0af76cff2f9d20e9a}}. The obtained results with our submitted runs are given in Table REF . For SkipGRun, we achieved 0.6913 of F1 score with 0.6952 an...
r
40a17a3dbbecaf2d288c3617c6b196b2
Next, the computer vision community has recently begun using Fitzpatrick Skin Type (FST) categories to describe skin tone in images, for the purpose of evaluating algorithms across this measure. This methodology has been proposed in studies of gender classification {{cite:7df3012e5a33cddc24fca0513d79df81b76170be}}, bio...
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f2bd6177644b5b4ea3a1dc95702f3bd9
The similarities between chemical enrichment of the IGrM in lower-temperature groups and the ICM in massive objects is further supported by the shallow dependence of gas global metallicity on the system mass (or temperature). In contrast to observational findings, where lower iron abundances were typically observed in ...
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2956cfa50cd8c183df4d7248d9ebca87
Going beyond biomedical applications, the generalized form of the Sticky PDP is presented in Section of Supplementary Material. In addition to extending PDPs to discrete time series type data, the generalized formulation offers a diverse palette of parametric and nonparametric models for capturing the distinctive feat...
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cc1d41c8113b970247668e39136f518f
We have shown that the EMG model leads to a larger value of {{formula:b67df730-312b-4c08-9672-290e4380ef88}} compared to the {{formula:080d4130-666c-4aaa-8a7e-31b08a68a439}} CDM one. Therefore, we would like to test it against weak lensing data. Strictly speaking, this would require using data from e.g. the KiDS-VIKIN...
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13e40a24528c95b851184e658bf719ef
Could Commonsense Reasoning improve CMC? Commonsense Reasoning (CR) is based on the set of background information or world knowledge that an individual is intended to know or assume, and may be missing from context. On the other hand, Pragmatic reasoning, which the current CMC models cater to, is based on the derivatio...
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615dc50046ef3e677694c9ce9b5579a4
The number of passages mentioning some SWs is very small (e.g. {{formula:8984c58b-ffdd-48cd-b430-0c2a7ae2b54a}} for {{formula:4f8c046a-7bff-4a82-a9a9-399cc2e5446a}} “Sakhmet” in Table REF ). It is therefore necessary to explain how can we draw reliable statistical conclusions from the analysis of such data (FAQ REF )...
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In this section, we describe in detail the framework of LimeOut that consists of two main components: LIMEGlobal and ENSEMBLEOut. It receives as input both a classifierHere we focus on binary classifiers that output the probability for each class label. and a dataset. The first component then checks whether the classif...
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95a6d0d80e8516cb6f07f7c8094a9eae
thus we infer that {{formula:690213cf-001e-48e7-97b3-c2e9b6879cc9}} if {{formula:072c20f2-f490-44ee-9155-ede470c2b039}} . It follows from {{cite:f8437e3abd1db9722df2f3b421d70ef739e98367}} that {{formula:95066522-edf1-4db3-9d46-05bf9ff43e93}} . This contradicts to the condition {{formula:5fec3f02-7807-4dd1-bdf7-ba35c91...
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Multi-Cues {{cite:c4a8e7d6ed0bd07b7351d5f0bb97deccee4700d0}} calculates two similarities in separated embedding spaces and then averages them to produce a final similarity. The proposed method has higher performance compared to Multi-Cues. The similarity aggregation strategy is the main difference between the proposed ...
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In 1975, a so-called Randić index was proposed {{cite:06a5e0ec445856e922f09dd80e08ba740079ceb0}}, it is defined as
i
8c9b321d30386db7819e274f84509a87
We study the co-attention module between language and vision and the interactions within this module. To study co-attention in two-stream vision-language transformer architectures, we evaluated visual attention in the model by comparing it against human attention maps. ViLBERT {{cite:42d3cbc200fde2ce44f30a996dbeb477f13...
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The linear system of equations (REF ) can be solved using a direct or iterative approach. If {{formula:05d688ae-ed5a-4981-8042-3e6e13b1961c}} is relatively small, a direct method such as a Cholesky factorization ({{cite:2f04505261e20e3be332732d9cc9eab1989c1a1f}}) will work well. However, for large {{formula:9b5924ef-7...
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8dd70ba91eb00418bc1cee1eb6545f91
Maulik and Okounkov {{cite:92dc73f1738d8e302740e53f0ecaf923dae151c8}} have set up a program to realize representation theory of quantum groups of various kinds on torus equivariant (generalized) cohomology of Nakajima varieties. A central role is played by the stable envelopes, which are maps from the equivariant cohom...
i
0d063a9f31b950709f64cfca72b275e7
In this section, some related studies in {{cite:43e9621a43c7266c8996eb22fb8a470579c46ec7}}, {{cite:9e70c9ffc9f6618140ed4e05b955b9238601a847}}, {{cite:b3df05b74febb3dcec8fc1e9a20aca5db6e416dc}}, {{cite:038e838775a3c9b180cd9ad917e7eb6927435cb8}}, {{cite:20ad01a2eb13036effdf18ed0342800453e62989}}, {{cite:645b771809f004fc7...
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fda59ad4df55dc0a94ab6c372c477b5d
Undoubtedly, a general problem of these task-specific semantic researches is that datasets are insufficient. Some data like driving behavior, risky scene, and even car accidents, are extremely hard to obtain. Luckily, in 2019 and 2020, an increasing amount of high-quality semantic driving dataset appeared. Some of them...
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The maximum measured values of the volumetric VUV power were estimated as 45, 25, and 55 W/cm{{formula:10309b11-6e0f-4ab8-9b23-2197692a00ab}} (with a total input power of 100 kW) for the Lyman-alpha line, the Lyman band, and the molecular continuum, respectively. In our estimations, we have not taken into account the ...
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53d21c7cc75a01259d3f6e83d31e4a1d
These 2485 quasars with {{formula:c19e6c10-e7f4-4543-bbb1-86f57ce0ff11}} (H{{formula:7eae5225-aba6-4b92-8a71-08d9f6358f3a}} ){{formula:e4ca400f-35dc-491d-9a42-491b9d94aa4c}} in Table 2 of {{cite:5c32a13219651e97755aa3fb0297e51f6d180426}} have a median of {{formula:0e666f6e-eacb-426c-af96-ecae875f8486}} (H{{formula:488...
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7208904dc31c99bab72ce6baf74806f9
Bit depth refers to the color information stored in an image. More colors could be stored in an image whenever there is high bit depth in the image. In the case of black and white, it contains one bit either 0 or 1. Hence, it can only show two colors which are black and white. Furthermore, an 8 bit image can store {{fo...
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While B-tipping can be found and continued in system parameters on applying tools from theory of autonomous bifurcations {{cite:bb932d2915fc51f61f77fbe5e5e9d908819b4a43}}, {{cite:6da4c92a582db8005b16ab0e043e939b69af162b}}, {{cite:73c6da3d3b370238bdca430409e14ea9a608c9c0}} to the autonomous frozen system (REF ), this is...
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in {{formula:9fee89a0-2499-4bce-bcd3-8bca45f5bb79}} , where the number {{formula:5e00e32a-c10f-4774-b55e-28c97574b4bc}} of event measurements can be a random variables changing from event to event, or a deterministic quantity. For most collider events, the corresponding point patterns will not be uniformly distributed...
i
b23e9d300b1a268b74a09d80f2263cbc
The intrinsic evaluation is based on semantic similarity {{cite:b12c1642a4400b20ff0b01c714585d8557678e24}} in word embeddings. The word similarity measure approach states {{cite:6a2014cd9b7037741df24aa12858cb22ac448419}} that the words are similar if they appear in the similar context. We measure word similarity of pro...
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903bfa0e8750e6f20589eca0c0a0ab0e
As described in Sect. REF , the OSR problem consists of two sub-tasks: (1) novelty detection for unknown classes and (2) classification for known classes. The ViT architecture has already achieved state-of-the-art performance on many image classification benchmarks {{cite:14ca11f6b65b09b093b56cdbcee76b7cd1cc9833}}. We ...
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4ecb84633bfec6eb6cbb3d2bbc2794f9
where {{formula:cde21442-f01d-4c78-8541-733c33339c95}} is a multivariate array with coefficients {{formula:b1781dfe-b45c-4f4f-9802-fd2e22084f50}} , and {{formula:5983d440-6a4d-4490-a561-8e9d6f0a643e}} is the finite-dimensional representation of the nonlinear operator {{formula:aa0cf2b4-bd6a-4bc7-8549-7d6944a4bad1}} ....
i
cd328e842d961e9804d9216ef11f47e3
We performed several experiments on the proposed CoFiB algorithm. We also compared it to some of the classical denoising algorithms. For performance comparison, the widely used peak signal to noise ratio (PSNR) and the structural similarity index (SSIM) performance metrics have been used. These methods are termed objec...
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a99ca7bb53330326e6efd7148e695790
The Teacher module is required to refine, process and preserve previously learnt knowledge. However, the quality of the generated knowledge by the Teacher module degenerates when learning a large number of tasks. From Theorem 2 in Section , we know that the gap on risks (evaluated by the Student module) between the tar...
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0a056afb05014934041d06edd5601912
In addition, the real accretion flows are generically not spherically symmetric. The hot accretion flow in M87* and most other galactic nuclei consist of a geometrically thick and quasi-spherical disk. It will be more interesting to investigate the shadow with a thick disk accretion. Recently, Ref.{{cite:bb86a29e112c02...
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f8db354684f35316b0c03a3f2bf8444f
We can apply any primal-dual algorithm from the literature {{cite:b2b05de47c7dd77af959cd074111fd890ce88c11}}, {{cite:874f407c09dabc68a6835cb1df1f8f87bff9cbde}}, {{cite:4a1baf7825a6355bcb4560d88130b74de05393ff}}, {{cite:24761ba294739737037d071713da6eff4af9d802}}, {{cite:0dab3127422655f5d00dd0d049a71fdb34dc6d64}}, {{cite...
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ed0344a8141a75461e26cc148f50732e
Characterising the Adaptive Adversarial Robustness. In more strict adversarial security setting {{cite:fd150c4ea70648ff5998ba26cd1a05ac388f2096}}, an attacker could observe the input {{formula:00e13f16-30b7-46f1-bdff-c6b207b6f5ce}} and output {{formula:87879bee-89a2-479d-84d4-f23d2b813ed8}} of both speech enhancement...
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VAP calculations can be performed by changing the {{formula:0257bf15-01e8-44d1-a7a9-d2b0d57e4ab4}} matrix in Eq.(REF ). Here, we impose the following restrictions for the {{formula:bfcf1fad-f955-4877-b9a0-89e8cd397d97}} matrix: (1) {{formula:c2fc4dff-2c00-4406-a6f9-1210acbcf91b}} is real, (2) keeping the time revers...
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8f40c640a2774421a5e888132021e724
Among several consequences of Theorem REF to broad fields of mathematics, we only mention the discrete restriction for paraboloid or the Strichartz estimate on torus which was initiated by Bourgain {{cite:53d59307c13b7377637db33346441b83ecfce291}}, see also works by Burq–Gérard–Tzvetkov {{cite:0710c2924818426ea3d92bd0...
i
16cbefa0d3abfbbae5923982cea7422a
Once relevant attributes are identified, to explain a query {{formula:fdeb28b4-c5d0-44db-8f7d-55a7a2c1af60}} with latent {{formula:ce0d6659-95f8-43ce-91cf-ed2af7194b26}} such that {{formula:f55f3d7d-27d6-414a-83f5-82740b1353e4}} along attribute {{formula:a0e17589-05cd-4b2b-83f4-273c1df14f66}} , a set of {{formula:2d...
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fe0dce63494bdba261d855f3d09c0abe
Recall that def:discrparamellipticproblem is a Ritz-Galerkin approach with the particular case of a FE space {{formula:bef1a8e9-9e6c-4963-ac0a-9be2401e97c9}} (which then makes it a finite element method). In other words, Equation (REF ) is a Ritz-Galerkin projection of the infinite-dimensional formulation of Equation ...
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The question we want to answer in this paper is whether the introduction of additional vector-like lepton EW doublets, discussed in Refs. {{cite:74cadd0d36794f1eadf78f86f97c05f59f5c1229}}, {{cite:70d2c80caf08df4d81d9c692f9d97c92082030ad}}, {{cite:de460f9bc3487494c111e3c5249780a3fab6d643}}, {{cite:047f6c3a61ae7d42c1c365...
i
dc9abb9efaf26c4b16e8f3263becc395
In our model, we also do not take into account dust sedimentation, migration, growth and destruction, which play a critical role in protoplanetary disks. Taking this processes into account can significantly modify or even completely suppress the instability of the disk associated with the effects of self-shadowing. We ...
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402f15f5dd4e0326b6b256a2f4f9fdb0
The proposed method achieves the best overall segmentation performance among the listed methods. In terms of DSC, {{cite:6c8d6b82beab8301d56d2fbd549d412e4ffc48b9}}'s method outperform the other methods with a value of {{formula:fadfac21-716a-4037-920d-033640c868fd}} . And {{cite:75d663aadd054776d419abc89f9412e094fcce5e...
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48e02ab5e0d3fe6cfa440311c528bf0d
ML research is often perceived as value-neutral, and emphasis is placed on positive applications or potential. This fits into a historical strain of thinking which has tended to frame technology as "neutral", based on the notion that new technologies can be unpredictably applied for both beneficial and harmful purposes...
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7a8fda22c1404a698cf45a3053ec435b
Most methods simply seek to reconstruct SR images with high PSNR and SSIM. However, the improvement in reconstruction accuracy is not always accompanied by an improvement in visual quality. Blau et al. {{cite:5dc7b7c6ac90360819d0114de6d64ca2612071ad}} pointed out that there was a perception-distortion trade-off. It is ...
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In this section, we first introduce the experiment setup and introduce how we form novel benchmarks by adapting conventional CL datasets for the CLPU problem. Then we introduce the evaluation metrics designed for measuring the agent's performance in terms of both continual learning and private unlearning. In the end, w...
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bd2ca167c04a1d128e2754a6576e50f6
Since all variables are real, we make use of the following integral{{cite:4838d941c661f98626e6699c5c0457753616100a}} {{formula:f9d8f882-8fb2-4303-8973-58ce7001770f}}
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7699364c295fba5cbcdbcae4e45d7ecd
Bregman divergences and Pythagorean theorems for them are studied in information geometry {{cite:afa80b284b491a69d9dac6dc10ed245cdf9e09d7}}, {{cite:48e87548062cc849fb36cd22746eb77fc14d63ca}}, although the term is broadly used for inequalities arising from projections onto convex bodies. That a stronger guarantee than o...
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4b5f3999d5c632a05e0b595985196416