wikipedia_id stringlengths 2 8 | wikipedia_title stringlengths 1 243 | url stringlengths 44 370 | contents stringlengths 53 2.22k | id int64 0 6.14M |
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6758624 | Pala Indian Reservation | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Pala%20Indian%20Reservation | Pala Indian Reservation
cemetery.
The tribe federally recognized. The Cupeño people were evicted in 1901 from their ancestral homeland, called Kupa, on what is now called Warner's Ranch east of Pala. This event is referred to by the tribe as the "Cupeño Trail of Tears." The Cupeño were removed to a tract of land in th... | 44,600 |
6758624 | Pala Indian Reservation | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Pala%20Indian%20Reservation | Pala Indian Reservation
the Secretary of the Interior may see fit to locate thereon." The tract of land had no form of infrastructure, so the Cupeño had to sleep in the open fields. In addition, their Chinigchinich religious ties to their previous land holdings were denied to them, which hindered their spirituality. Th... | 44,601 |
6758624 | Pala Indian Reservation | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Pala%20Indian%20Reservation | Pala Indian Reservation
improvements to the reservation. The Pala branch also cultivates a 90-acre avocado grove on the southern part of the reservation. The grove provides jobs to over 40 individuals.
Outcomes of the Gaming Profits
- $1.5 million home loan program
- $300,000 scholarship fund for higher education
-... | 44,602 |
6758624 | Pala Indian Reservation | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Pala%20Indian%20Reservation | Pala Indian Reservation
to the technology for the department, personnel training, and other necessities needed to manage the department. Some of the tasks that the department fulfills are commuting the Air Quality Index for the region, which describes the pollutants in the air, along with solutions and methods to comba... | 44,603 |
6758624 | Pala Indian Reservation | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Pala%20Indian%20Reservation | Pala Indian Reservation
Band of Luiseno Mission Indians resides to the southeast in the area traversed by State Route 76. A total of five other federally recognized tribes of Luiseño are located in southern California.
# See also.
- Pechanga Band of Luiseno Mission Indians
- Mission San Antonio de Pala
- Pala, Cali... | 44,604 |
6758624 | Pala Indian Reservation | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Pala%20Indian%20Reservation | Pala Indian Reservation
d Shipek, Florence C. (1978) "Luiseño," in 'California,' vol. 8, ed. Robert Heizer, "Handbook of North American Indians" (Wash., D. C.: Smithsonian Institution): 550–563.
- Bean, L. J. and Smith, Charles R., "Cupeño," "Ibid," pp. 588–591.
- Hyer, Jose R., 2001." 'We Are Not Savages': Native Am... | 44,605 |
6758668 | 2006 US Open – Mixed Doubles | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=2006%20US%20Open%20–%20Mixed%20Doubles | 2006 US Open – Mixed Doubles
2006 US Open – Mixed Doubles
The United States Open Tennis Championships is a hardcourt tennis tournament held annually at Flushing Meadows, starting on the last Monday in August and lasting for two weeks. The tournament consists of five main championship events: men's and women's singles,... | 44,606 |
6758668 | 2006 US Open – Mixed Doubles | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=2006%20US%20Open%20–%20Mixed%20Doubles | 2006 US Open – Mixed Doubles
006, the mixed doubles event was won by Bob Bryan and Martina Navratilova, both of the United States, who beat Martin Damm and Květa Peschke, both of the Czech Republic, 6–2, 6–3 in the final. It would be Navratilova's 59th and final Grand Slam title, 32 years after her first.
# Seeds.
- ... | 44,607 |
6758588 | Shooting of Gidone Busch | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Shooting%20of%20Gidone%20Busch | Shooting of Gidone Busch
Shooting of Gidone Busch
Gidone Busch or Gary Busch (1968 – August 30, 1999) was a mentally ill Breslover Hasid who was shot and killed outside his apartment in Borough Park, Brooklyn by four officers of the New York City Police Department, who fired on him at least 12 times. The killing was h... | 44,608 |
6758588 | Shooting of Gidone Busch | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Shooting%20of%20Gidone%20Busch | Shooting of Gidone Busch
grew up in a comfortable suburban home in Dix Hills, New York.
## College years and mental illness.
In 1991, while Busch was a third-year medical student at Mount Sinai Medical School in New York City, a routine urine test revealed that he had IgA nephropathy, an immune system disease that co... | 44,609 |
6758588 | Shooting of Gidone Busch | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Shooting%20of%20Gidone%20Busch | Shooting of Gidone Busch
a conventional Orthodox yeshiva in Jerusalem, continuing on to Chabad, and then to a Na Nach yeshiva in Safed. Eventually, Busch went back to the more mainstream Breslov Hasidic group.
The diagnosis also triggered immobilizing depressions in Busch, which later developed into serious mental ill... | 44,610 |
6758588 | Shooting of Gidone Busch | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Shooting%20of%20Gidone%20Busch | Shooting of Gidone Busch
spiritual quest led him into taking up residence on 46th Street in the Borough Park section of Brooklyn, New York, a neighborhood with a prominent Orthodox Jewish population. At times, Busch would enjoy music, or the quiet grace of celebrating the Shabbat with friends. During other times, when ... | 44,611 |
6758588 | Shooting of Gidone Busch | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Shooting%20of%20Gidone%20Busch | Shooting of Gidone Busch
be seen walking around talking to himself, and wearing heavy clothes in mid-summer. He procured a claw hammer, which he called his "staff", carved on it the tetragrammaton, and danced around with it in prayer. He meditated while playing loud music, or prayed so loudly that the neighbors complai... | 44,612 |
6758588 | Shooting of Gidone Busch | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Shooting%20of%20Gidone%20Busch | Shooting of Gidone Busch
Police shooting and death.
During the late afternoon of August 30, 1999, neighbors called police complaining that Busch had been playing music too loud, and dancing almost naked in the street. By the time police arrived, he was back inside his basement apartment with a friend, a homeless man n... | 44,613 |
6758588 | Shooting of Gidone Busch | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Shooting%20of%20Gidone%20Busch | Shooting of Gidone Busch
police "Don't worry about the hammer, it's a religious object," as officers wrestled him to the ground and handcuffed him. The officers called for the Emergency Service Unit, standard procedure in the New York City Police Department in situations involving a mentally disturbed person. They orde... | 44,614 |
6758588 | Shooting of Gidone Busch | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Shooting%20of%20Gidone%20Busch | Shooting of Gidone Busch
Sergeant Joseph Memoly, just arriving on the scene, put in a second call for the Emergency Service Unit. Busch was either forced outside, or broke free from the officers. According to police, he then ran up a narrow stairway from the apartment, struck Sergeant Terrence O'Brien with the hammer s... | 44,615 |
6758588 | Shooting of Gidone Busch | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Shooting%20of%20Gidone%20Busch | Shooting of Gidone Busch
of 12 shots, which were fired by Seargent Memoly and Officers Gravitch, Martin Sanabria and William Loshiavo, whereupon Busch fell dead. Alternatively, Busch took a step forward, was screaming while swinging the hammer, and kept coming at the officers. He was striking a fallen police sergeant w... | 44,616 |
6758588 | Shooting of Gidone Busch | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Shooting%20of%20Gidone%20Busch | Shooting of Gidone Busch
throwing objects at police. Many demanded to know why Mayor Rudy Giuliani did not go to Brooklyn to address their concerns about police brutality.
One witness at the scene said of the police, "If I had been in their shoes I would have done the same thing."
City Councilman Noach Dear called fo... | 44,617 |
6758588 | Shooting of Gidone Busch | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Shooting%20of%20Gidone%20Busch | Shooting of Gidone Busch
November 1, 1999, a Brooklyn grand jury declined to indict the four officers involved in the shooting, citing the fact that Busch presented a threat to the officers, and had refused orders to drop the hammer.
Busch's mother, Doris Busch-Boskey, filed a federal suit through her attorneys, claim... | 44,618 |
6758588 | Shooting of Gidone Busch | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Shooting%20of%20Gidone%20Busch | Shooting of Gidone Busch
003, the jury supported the police officers' version of the shooting, and found the officers and the city not liable in Busch's death. However, on September 9, 2004, federal judge Sterling Johnson, Jr. a former police officer, found serious issues with the police officers' version of the events... | 44,619 |
6758646 | Harold Greene (journalist) | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Harold%20Greene%20(journalist) | Harold Greene (journalist)
Harold Greene (journalist)
Harold Greene (born December 1, 1944), award-winning journalist, read news at KCAL 9 News and CBS 2 News in Los Angeles. Before joining the CBS duopoly, Greene enjoyed a long television news career, mostly in Southern California.
Greene began his career in 1970 as... | 44,620 |
6758646 | Harold Greene (journalist) | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Harold%20Greene%20(journalist) | Harold Greene (journalist)
the Chicano rights movement helped the station briefly overtake rival KFMB in the ratings. Years later, Jack White became a consultant for the film "" resulting in the filmmakers finding some old pictures of Greene in White's scrapbooks and the look of Ron Burgundy was born.
Greene would lea... | 44,621 |
6758646 | Harold Greene (journalist) | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Harold%20Greene%20(journalist) | Harold Greene (journalist)
the 5:00pm newscast with Dunphy, he was fired; KABC management subsequently brought in Ann Martin and special correspondent Paul Moyer (formerly of KNBC-TV at the time) to present the newscast.
Greene returned to San Diego and his old evening anchor slot at KGTV (which had switched from NBC ... | 44,622 |
6758646 | Harold Greene (journalist) | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Harold%20Greene%20(journalist) | Harold Greene (journalist)
- he replaced Dunphy on the 4 and 6 p.m. newscasts when the latter moved to KHJ-TV (now KCAL-TV) in 1989 and moved to the 5 and 11 p.m. newscasts replacing Moyer (who returned to KNBC) in 1992. His co-anchors included Martin (1992–1994), Lisa McRee (1994–1997, who was tapped to replace Joan L... | 44,623 |
6758646 | Harold Greene (journalist) | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Harold%20Greene%20(journalist) | Harold Greene (journalist)
at KCBS, reuniting many of members of KABC's "Eyewitness News" team during the 1980s and early 1990s.
By the time KCBS/KCAL dropped him and several other staffers on April 1, 2008 amid budget cuts, Greene had been co-anchoring KCAL's 4pm and KCBS's 6pm newscasts with Martin (who was also lai... | 44,624 |
6758646 | Harold Greene (journalist) | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Harold%20Greene%20(journalist) | Harold Greene (journalist)
horing KCAL's 4pm and KCBS's 6pm newscasts with Martin (who was also laid off). A station source indicated he would retire, but neither Greene, nor Martin made any official comment. The budget cuts caused a trade with KTTV, as Diaz would be sent to that station (to help launch its noon newsca... | 44,625 |
6758721 | The Hits (MC Hammer album) | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=The%20Hits%20(MC%20Hammer%20album) | The Hits (MC Hammer album)
The Hits (MC Hammer album)
The Hits is a 2000 compilation album by rap artist M.C. Hammer. It contains tracks from his first four albums.
# Track listing.
- 1. "U Can't Touch This"
- 2. "Addams Groove"
- 3. "Too Legit to Quit"
- 4. "This Is the Way We Roll"
- 5. "Pray"
- 6. "Turn This... | 44,626 |
6758720 | The Medicine (Planet Asia album) | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=The%20Medicine%20(Planet%20Asia%20album) | The Medicine (Planet Asia album)
The Medicine (Planet Asia album)
The Medicine is an album by West Coast hip hop artist Planet Asia, released on October 3, 2006 through ABB Records. The album is the third installment of Planet Asia's "Medicali series", following "The Sickness" and "The Diagnosis". "The Medicine" is pr... | 44,627 |
6758720 | The Medicine (Planet Asia album) | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=The%20Medicine%20(Planet%20Asia%20album) | The Medicine (Planet Asia album)
i series", following "The Sickness" and "The Diagnosis". "The Medicine" is produced by Evidence of Dilated Peoples, and features guest appearances from Krondon, Phil Da Agony, Black Thought, Jonell, Prodigy, Defari and Evidence and Rakaa of Dilated Peoples. The album's lead single is "T... | 44,628 |
6758651 | King's Academy | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=King's%20Academy | King's Academy
King's Academy
King's Academy (Arabic Translation: "كينغز أكاديمي") is an independent, co-educational boarding and day school for students in grades 7 through 12 in Madaba-Manja, Jordan. It is named in honor of King Abdullah II of Jordan and seeks to fulfill His Majesty's vision of producing "a new gene... | 44,629 |
6758651 | King's Academy | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=King's%20Academy | King's Academy
of instruction at King's Academy is English. Both Arabic-speaking and non-Arabic-speaking students are required to study Arabic. The academy is a member of the G20 Schools group.
# Location and campus.
The King's Academy campus is unique in the Middle East. Designed by renowned Egyptian architect and D... | 44,630 |
6758651 | King's Academy | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=King's%20Academy | King's Academy
seats 700 people.
## Athletic facilities.
The athletic facilities include a semi-Olympic swimming pool, tennis, swimming pool, squash, handball and basketball courts, and cardio and weight training facilities. There is also an outdoor sports stadium, that includes a full-size football field, two additi... | 44,631 |
6758651 | King's Academy | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=King's%20Academy | King's Academy
The Abdul Majeed Shoman Auditorium.
The Abdul Majeed Shoman Auditorium holds 700 people and is the location of both school and community events including concerts, student recitals, plays, and dance performances. Students and faculty members gather here for weekly school meetings.
## The Sheikh Jabir A... | 44,632 |
6758651 | King's Academy | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=King's%20Academy | King's Academy
accessible with an elevator and additional ramps.
## The HRH Sheikh Mohammed Bin Rashid Al Maktoum Library.
The HRH Sheikh Mohammed Bin Rashid Al Maktoum Library is designed to accommodate 50,000 volumes. The building is outfitted with wireless internet, reading tables and study spaces, including a cir... | 44,633 |
6758651 | King's Academy | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=King's%20Academy | King's Academy
some 36 countries in the Middle East and around the world. Of these students, 45 percent are female and 55 percent are male.
The school draws students from diverse ethnic, geographic, religious, and economic backgrounds, and between 15 and 30 percent of King's Academy's tuition revenue has been set asid... | 44,634 |
6758651 | King's Academy | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=King's%20Academy | King's Academy
professional licenses in Jordan can obtain a certificate of Tawjihi equivalency in lieu of taking the national Tawjihi examination. The primary language of instruction at King's Academy is English, but the study of Arabic is required of all students throughout their years at King's.
The academic departm... | 44,635 |
6758651 | King's Academy | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=King's%20Academy | King's Academy
of International Schools (CIS). It is a founding member of Global Online Academy (GOA), a member of the G20 Schools group, and is a Round Square school.
# Co-curricular activities.
All King's Academy students participate in three afternoons a week of a major co-curricular activity and one afternoon a w... | 44,636 |
6758651 | King's Academy | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=King's%20Academy | King's Academy
social service organizations on environmental, educational, and social welfare issues. Each year, a community service fair is held to encourage students to participate in community service programs during the summer months.
## Sports.
King's Academy has a strong focus on athletics as part of its co-cur... | 44,637 |
6758651 | King's Academy | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=King's%20Academy | King's Academy
number of recreational programs, where students work to develop skills rather than compete against other schools. These include:
- Horseback riding
- Squash
- Recreational fitness
- Weight training
- Rock climbing
# Board membership.
International Advisory Board members:
- His Majesty King Abdull... | 44,638 |
6758651 | King's Academy | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=King's%20Academy | King's Academy
Mr. Talal Shair
- Mr. Peter Shoemaker
- Mr. Peter Weinberg
- Dr. John Austin, "ex officio"
Legal Counsel to the Board of Trustees
- James F. Warren, Esq.
# Round Square.
In 2010, King's Academy became the first Arab school to gain full membership in the global Round Square organization, an associa... | 44,639 |
6758651 | King's Academy | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=King's%20Academy | King's Academy
international conference.
# Arabic Year.
In 2011, King's Academy initiated a new program called Arabic Year at King's Academy (AY), which offers American and international high school students one year of intensive Arabic study, cultural immersion and experiential learning. The program provides AY stud... | 44,640 |
6758670 | Birchmount Stadium | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Birchmount%20Stadium | Birchmount Stadium
Birchmount Stadium
Birchmount Stadium is a multi-purpose outdoor sports facility in Toronto, Ontario, Canada near Kingston Road and Birchmount Road in the Scarborough district. Its original capacity was 6,345, and it was built for what was then the Borough of Scarborough.
The stadium plays host to ... | 44,641 |
6758670 | Birchmount Stadium | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Birchmount%20Stadium | Birchmount Stadium
as the primary stadium for the annual Robbie International Soccer Tournament, which bills itself as "the world's largest annual charitable youth soccer tournament." The Canadian band Barenaked Ladies notably name-dropped the stadium and the tournament at the end of their 1998 #1 hit, "One Week", sing... | 44,642 |
6758670 | Birchmount Stadium | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Birchmount%20Stadium | Birchmount Stadium
time as a premier facility on September 15, 2006. They hosted the University of Toronto Varsity Blues vs Waterloo. Birchmount Park Collegiate Institute also uses the stadium for its home football, rugby, soccer and field hockey games in the Toronto District Secondary School Athletic Association.
On ... | 44,643 |
6758670 | Birchmount Stadium | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Birchmount%20Stadium | Birchmount Stadium
hletic Association.
On October 13, 2011, Fauja Singh set 8 age group world records in the M100 division in one day on the Birchmont Stadium track.
Since 2014, the Soccer club Scarborough SC of the Canadian Soccer League has played their home games at Birchmount stadium.
As of 2016, Birchmount Stad... | 44,644 |
6758688 | Elsa Spear Byron | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Elsa%20Spear%20Byron | Elsa Spear Byron
Elsa Spear Byron
Elsa Spear Byron (1896 in Big Horn, Wyoming – 1992) was an American photographer.
As a young child, she learned to help her mother make photographic prints from a plate camera purchased in 1900. Her photographs were sold all over the country and greatly enlarged prints were used by t... | 44,645 |
6758688 | Elsa Spear Byron | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Elsa%20Spear%20Byron | Elsa Spear Byron
1881. Elsa's maternal grandfather, G. W. Benton, was a medical missionary who was "trained as a Baptist minister, doctor and dentist".
Her father, Willis Spear, arrived in Wyoming with his family in 1874 from Connecticut and eventually settled next to Elsa's grandfather. Willis married his neighbor Vi... | 44,646 |
6758688 | Elsa Spear Byron | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Elsa%20Spear%20Byron | Elsa Spear Byron
Reservation land in Montana along with a number of ranches along the Powder River and Clearmont. "They ran 57,000 head of cattle although the company only owned 36,000 head," she said. The rest were leased.
Elsa and her siblings grew up in the saddle. The Spear sisters rode sidesaddle and went along o... | 44,647 |
6758688 | Elsa Spear Byron | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Elsa%20Spear%20Byron | Elsa Spear Byron
matinees after school and met famous actors, including John Drew and his niece, Mary Bordon. Elsa returned to Washington following her graduation from high school in 1914, where she attended the National School for Domestic Arts and Sciences, accompanied by her mother. There she studied the theory and ... | 44,648 |
6758688 | Elsa Spear Byron | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Elsa%20Spear%20Byron | Elsa Spear Byron
camera in 1900. Elsa remembered helping her mother develop the photographs in wooden frames which were placed in the sun. "You would lay back half of it to see if it was dark enough and close it up again", she said. "And we used blueprint paper so all you had to do was wash it with water."
The pack tr... | 44,649 |
6758688 | Elsa Spear Byron | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Elsa%20Spear%20Byron | Elsa Spear Byron
on Wyoming maps.
When she returned home, she enlarged her pictures in her kitchen where she had cut a trapdoor in the ceiling to raise the head of the enlarger high enough to make huge prints by projecting them on the floor. Some of her photos include the Cheyenne Indian survivors of the Custer Battle... | 44,650 |
6758688 | Elsa Spear Byron | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Elsa%20Spear%20Byron | Elsa Spear Byron
d to eight feet in length in Denver and used as background for an Indian camp display in the Cheyenne museum.
Before the advent of color photographs, Byron tinted black and white pictures with oils and sold many of them to a number of outlets, including the Northern Pacific and Burlington Railroads. "... | 44,651 |
6758259 | Interstate 77 in West Virginia | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Interstate%2077%20in%20West%20Virginia | Interstate 77 in West Virginia
Interstate 77 in West Virginia
Interstate 77 (I-77) in the U.S. state of West Virginia is a major north–south Interstate Highway. It extends for between Bluefield at the Virginia state line and Williamstown at the Ohio state line.
The highway serves Charleston, the capital and largest c... | 44,652 |
6758259 | Interstate 77 in West Virginia | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Interstate%2077%20in%20West%20Virginia | Interstate 77 in West Virginia
in 1952, several years before the Eisenhower Interstate System was funded. It was only in 1987 that the entire length of the turnpike was upgraded to Interstate standards. Due to the difficulty and lives lost in construction, it has been called "88 miles of miracle."
# Route description.... | 44,653 |
6758259 | Interstate 77 in West Virginia | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Interstate%2077%20in%20West%20Virginia | Interstate 77 in West Virginia
Route 112 (WV 112) in Ingleside. Changing its course to a more northerly alignment, I-77 reaches another partial interchange serving County Route 27 (CR 27). It then continues north towards Princeton, which is served by an interchange with US 460. Here, I-77 becomes the West Virginia Turn... | 44,654 |
6758259 | Interstate 77 in West Virginia | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Interstate%2077%20in%20West%20Virginia | Interstate 77 in West Virginia
from the northbound lanes only. I-77 then crosses the Bluestone River in Eads Mill, and the southbound roadway has a rest area and weigh station. Now heading northwest, the highway approaches an interchange with US 19 and passes Camp Creek State Park in Camp Creek, where the road turns no... | 44,655 |
6758259 | Interstate 77 in West Virginia | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Interstate%2077%20in%20West%20Virginia | Interstate 77 in West Virginia
concurrent. The highways bypass the west side of Beckley, interchanging with WV 16 and WV 3 and passing the turnpike's Beckley Service Area, which includes Tamarack, Best of West Virginia, at exit 45. Near the community of Prosperity, the highway has an exit for US 19 with a toll on the n... | 44,656 |
6758259 | Interstate 77 in West Virginia | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Interstate%2077%20in%20West%20Virginia | Interstate 77 in West Virginia
This section of the road until Chelyan has a large number of curves, and it passes the Morton Service Area.
The turnpike crosses into Kanawha County near Standard shortly afterwards. Curving to the west and to the north again, I-77 has an exit serving Sharon. The highway continues north ... | 44,657 |
6758259 | Interstate 77 in West Virginia | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Interstate%2077%20in%20West%20Virginia | Interstate 77 in West Virginia
Port Amherst. The West Virginia Turnpike ends after exit 96, and I-77 becomes a freeway.
## Charleston to Ohio.
I-77/64 continues west along the north side of the Kanawha River closely parallel with US 60 after the turnpike ends. In eastern Charleston, the highway passes to the north of... | 44,658 |
6758259 | Interstate 77 in West Virginia | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Interstate%2077%20in%20West%20Virginia | Interstate 77 in West Virginia
of I-79 near Yeager Airport. I-77 then heads north into rural Kanawha County. After passing interchanges with CR 27, CR 29, WV 622, and CR 21 in Sissonville, the freeway enters Jackson County near Goldtown.
I-77 serves the communities of Kenna via an interchange with WV 34, and Fairplain... | 44,659 |
6758259 | Interstate 77 in West Virginia | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Interstate%2077%20in%20West%20Virginia | Interstate 77 in West Virginia
After an interchange with WV 14 near Mineral Wells, I-77/WV-2 crosses the Little Kanawha River south of Parkersburg, interchanges with WV 47 and US 50, and heads northeast from the city. WV 2 leaves I-77 soon after, at exit 179 for WV 68 in North Hills. I-77 heads north towards Williamsto... | 44,660 |
6758259 | Interstate 77 in West Virginia | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Interstate%2077%20in%20West%20Virginia | Interstate 77 in West Virginia
among its programs to encourage internal improvements, with tolls collected to defray operating costs and retire debt. Principal among these was the east-west Staunton and Parkersburg Turnpike, completed from Staunton to the Ohio River at Parkersburg immediately prior to the American Civi... | 44,661 |
6758259 | Interstate 77 in West Virginia | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Interstate%2077%20in%20West%20Virginia | Interstate 77 in West Virginia
turnpikes (and canals and railroads) even as the citizens needed and sought better roads.
With the completion of the earliest portion of the Pennsylvania Turnpike before World War II, the desire for such a superhighway in West Virginia took substantial root. By mid-century, in the years ... | 44,662 |
6758259 | Interstate 77 in West Virginia | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Interstate%2077%20in%20West%20Virginia | Interstate 77 in West Virginia
these was that the first portion of the Pennsylvania Turnpike had largely followed and utilized a costly earlier rail project which had never been completed. In West Virginia, there would be no such advantage.
## "The turnpike that goes to nowhere".
Originally serviced by railroads and ... | 44,663 |
6758259 | Interstate 77 in West Virginia | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Interstate%2077%20in%20West%20Virginia | Interstate 77 in West Virginia
start of the planning of what was to become the West Virginia Turnpike.
Two years earlier, the state legislature had appropriated funds to study the feasibility of building a superhighway comparable to similar projects being planned and constructed in other states. Early proposals showed... | 44,664 |
6758259 | Interstate 77 in West Virginia | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Interstate%2077%20in%20West%20Virginia | Interstate 77 in West Virginia
in Princeton. The study also suggested that the highway be constructed as a two-lane facility rather than a four-lane highway, with provisions for future widening when funding became available.
In November 1951, the final alignment was chosen. The route was shorter than the original road... | 44,665 |
6758259 | Interstate 77 in West Virginia | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Interstate%2077%20in%20West%20Virginia | Interstate 77 in West Virginia
that had to be corrected at additional expense, revenue bonds for an additional $37 million were sold at %. The year 1953 kicked off a period of intense earthmoving that at its peak reached a million cubic yards a week and totaled .
When ground was broken on the first segment of the turn... | 44,666 |
6758259 | Interstate 77 in West Virginia | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Interstate%2077%20in%20West%20Virginia | Interstate 77 in West Virginia
of the highway, the southern from Beckley to Princeton, opened to traffic on September 2, 1954. In November, the remaining between Charleston and Beckley opened. The new turnpike had several nicknames, including "88 miles of miracle" and "the engineering marvel that beat the mountains". T... | 44,667 |
6758259 | Interstate 77 in West Virginia | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Interstate%2077%20in%20West%20Virginia | Interstate 77 in West Virginia
to the West Virginia Turnpike CAF Report:
The $1.5 million cost per mile was only one of the staggering statistics used by journalists as far away as Michigan and New York to describe their "amazement at an engineering achievement of such heroic proportions".
Three service areas, each s... | 44,668 |
6758259 | Interstate 77 in West Virginia | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Interstate%2077%20in%20West%20Virginia | Interstate 77 in West Virginia
referred to the road as "the turnpike that goes to nowhere".
Soon after the turnpike was completed, the Interstate Highway System began. The new turnpike, despite its lack of compliance with Interstate Highway standards, cut travel time considerably through the state of West Virginia and... | 44,669 |
6758259 | Interstate 77 in West Virginia | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Interstate%2077%20in%20West%20Virginia | Interstate 77 in West Virginia
21-year-old highway was at 278 and in 1979, 28 fatalities occurred on the turnpike.
Popular T-shirts proclaimed, "I survived the West Virginia Turnpike."
## Modernization.
In the 1960s and 1970s, the growing Interstate Highway System brought in toll-free segments of newly built I-77 fr... | 44,670 |
6758259 | Interstate 77 in West Virginia | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Interstate%2077%20in%20West%20Virginia | Interstate 77 in West Virginia
than the two-lane turnpike could handle adequately. Congestion at the toll plazas was a major concern, along with the increased fatality rate.
The gap on I-64 between Sam Black Church and Charleston forced east–west traffic to use a scenic but treacherous section of US 60 known as the Mi... | 44,671 |
6758259 | Interstate 77 in West Virginia | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Interstate%2077%20in%20West%20Virginia | Interstate 77 in West Virginia
When the project had not started by 1975, articles in local newspapers attacked the state workers for their "laziness" in pursuing the upgrade of the highway. Turnpike officials worried, as the costs for upgrading the toll road were increasing dramatically. In 1976, contracts totaling wel... | 44,672 |
6758259 | Interstate 77 in West Virginia | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Interstate%2077%20in%20West%20Virginia | Interstate 77 in West Virginia
a brief segment from milepost 56.15 near Long Branch to milepost 59.63 (exit 60, Mossy) and from milepost 62.27 near Kingston to milepost 66.51 (exit 66, Mahan). In 1982, the modernization of the turnpike from milepost 52.20 just south of Willis Branch to milepost 56.12 near Lively was co... | 44,673 |
6758259 | Interstate 77 in West Virginia | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Interstate%2077%20in%20West%20Virginia | Interstate 77 in West Virginia
in 1983. Traffic just to the west of this interchange used the two-lane Bender Bridge and Memorial Tunnel. In 1984, the turnpike was dualized from milepost 90 (exit 89, WV 94, Marmet) to milepost 82.55; this included construction of a new Toll Plaza C near Sharon. In 1985, work continued ... | 44,674 |
6758259 | Interstate 77 in West Virginia | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Interstate%2077%20in%20West%20Virginia | Interstate 77 in West Virginia
48, to US 19) to milepost 52.20 (Toll Plaza B at Pax) was completed. In 1986, the segment from milepost 35.52 to milepost 40.73 (exit 40, I-64) was dualized. In 1987, work was finished on the dualization from milepost 43.83 (exit 44, WV 3) to milepost 46.60). The last segment was complete... | 44,675 |
6758259 | Interstate 77 in West Virginia | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Interstate%2077%20in%20West%20Virginia | Interstate 77 in West Virginia
was spending over $500,000 per year to maintain the lights and the automatic exhaust equipment in the tunnel.
Several options were considered, including dualization of the tunnels, addition of two lanes through a large road cut in the mountain, leaving the other two lanes in the tunnel, ... | 44,676 |
6758259 | Interstate 77 in West Virginia | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Interstate%2077%20in%20West%20Virginia | Interstate 77 in West Virginia
turnpike."
The bypass would bypass both the tunnel and the Bender Bridge which crossed Paint Creek just to the east of the tunnel portal. On July 6, 1987, the Memorial Tunnel officially closed, and two lanes of the open cut just to the north of it were opened. The other two lanes of the ... | 44,677 |
6758259 | Interstate 77 in West Virginia | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Interstate%2077%20in%20West%20Virginia | Interstate 77 in West Virginia
$35 million and required years of work. of earth were removed and used as fill with drainage tiles for Paint Creek. 300,000 tons of coal were extracted. The Bender Bridge was demolished. The former Memorial Tunnel was used for storage until the mid-1990s, when it became a testing center f... | 44,678 |
6758259 | Interstate 77 in West Virginia | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Interstate%2077%20in%20West%20Virginia | Interstate 77 in West Virginia
cost for the entire modernization of the West Virginia Turnpike was $683 million, more than $300 million over original estimates. It was also one of the few Interstates that received 90% federal funding and permission to charge a toll, due to extremely high construction costs. A total of ... | 44,679 |
6758259 | Interstate 77 in West Virginia | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Interstate%2077%20in%20West%20Virginia | Interstate 77 in West Virginia
finally I-64 by 1988, the turnpike has again become stressed, especially during peak holiday seasons.
On June 1, 1989, The West Virginia Legislature created The West Virginia Parkways, Economic Development and Tourism Authority to replace the Turnpike Commission.
In 1991, the Morton and... | 44,680 |
6758259 | Interstate 77 in West Virginia | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Interstate%2077%20in%20West%20Virginia | Interstate 77 in West Virginia
at each plaza.
In May 1996, exit 45 was renovated to serve the Beckley travel plaza, Dry Hill Road, and the newly constructed Tamarack arts and crafts outlet.
In 2004, a concession stand and new restroom facilities were constructed at the rest area at milepost 69, serving southbound tra... | 44,681 |
6758259 | Interstate 77 in West Virginia | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Interstate%2077%20in%20West%20Virginia | Interstate 77 in West Virginia
contains a cafeteria-style restaurant.
## Bond troubles.
At one point in the turnpike's history, the Turnpike Commission was not able to pay off even the interest on its bonded indebtedness, and the first bond was not retired until 1982. When the original bond expired on December 1, 198... | 44,682 |
6758259 | Interstate 77 in West Virginia | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Interstate%2077%20in%20West%20Virginia | Interstate 77 in West Virginia
noted, traffic increased 100% and annual gross revenues increased from $11.4 million to $30.4 million.
The refinancing plan was ultimately completed about six months later, with a new debt approaching $50 million. Consequently, tolls were held at former rates, ranging from $3.75 to $12 p... | 44,683 |
6758259 | Interstate 77 in West Virginia | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Interstate%2077%20in%20West%20Virginia | Interstate 77 in West Virginia
is a member of the E-ZPass electronic toll collection consortium, allowing members to attach a transponder to their windshield and pay electronically.
The Parkways Authority briefly raised toll rates on January 1, 2006, but a state judge found the hike to be illegal, rescinding it a few ... | 44,684 |
6758259 | Interstate 77 in West Virginia | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Interstate%2077%20in%20West%20Virginia | Interstate 77 in West Virginia
cally.
The Parkways Authority briefly raised toll rates on January 1, 2006, but a state judge found the hike to be illegal, rescinding it a few days later. The state legislature subsequently affirmed the judge's decision, and removed the Commission's power to set rates, reserving that po... | 44,685 |
6758743 | Fujian Radio Film and TV Group | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Fujian%20Radio%20Film%20and%20TV%20Group | Fujian Radio Film and TV Group
Fujian Radio Film and TV Group
The Fujian Radio Film and TV Group is a conglomerate consisting of Fujian TV, the Fujian People's Radio Station, and Fujian Film Production.
# External links.
- Lyngsat's list of free satellite channels from China
- Official Website | 44,686 |
6758701 | Brazilian Ice Sports Federation | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Brazilian%20Ice%20Sports%20Federation | Brazilian Ice Sports Federation
Brazilian Ice Sports Federation
The Brazilian Ice Sports Federation (, CBDG) was founded by Eric Maleson, Brazil's first bobsled athlete. The CBDG was established in 1996 and affiliated to the Brazilian Olympic Committee in 1999. The federation qualified 7 athletes for the 2002 Winter O... | 44,687 |
6758701 | Brazilian Ice Sports Federation | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Brazilian%20Ice%20Sports%20Federation | Brazilian Ice Sports Federation
The Brazilian Ice Sports Federation made curling history in August 2008 when they challenged the United States for a berth at the World Curling Championship. This was the first time any South American team has offered a challenge to the United States for a berth in the World Curling Cham... | 44,688 |
6758728 | Maine Video Activists Network | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Maine%20Video%20Activists%20Network | Maine Video Activists Network
Maine Video Activists Network
The Maine Video Activists Network (MVAN) is a monthly video newsreel produced by activists throughout the state of Maine in the United States. It is an extension of the Indymedia movement, in which grassroots organizers and average citizens are producing thei... | 44,689 |
6758728 | Maine Video Activists Network | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Maine%20Video%20Activists%20Network | Maine Video Activists Network
Activists Network has produced material on a diverse range of topics: discrimination on college campuses, eco-terrorism legislation, anti-war activity, universal healthcare, low-income community organizing and direct action, union organizing, hate crimes, critical mass, disability rights, ... | 44,690 |
6758737 | H. Johannes Wallmann | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=H.%20Johannes%20Wallmann | H. Johannes Wallmann
H. Johannes Wallmann
H. Johannes Wallmann (born 23 February 1952 in Leipzig) is a contemporary composer and integral artist. His works cover compositions for landscape sound and three-dimensional sound, chamber music and orchestra. as well as musical combination and self organisation systems. He d... | 44,691 |
6758737 | H. Johannes Wallmann | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=H.%20Johannes%20Wallmann | H. Johannes Wallmann
(“BELLS REQUIEM DRESDEN - composition for 129 networked Dresden church-bells")
- ""KLANG FELSEN HELGOLAND - Landschaftsklang-Komposition"" (“SOUND ROCK HELGOLAND - landscape sound composition”)
- ""INNENKLANG-AUSSENKLANG - Musik im Raum für 4 Orchestergruppen, Soprane und Soundscapes"" (“INTERIOR... | 44,692 |
6758737 | H. Johannes Wallmann | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=H.%20Johannes%20Wallmann | H. Johannes Wallmann
") Berlin Philharmonic Orchestra
- "DER BLAUE KLANG - Landschaftsklang-Komposition für voneinander weitentfernte Vokal- und Orchestergruppen für die "Wörlitzer Anlagen"" (The BLUE SOUND - landscape sound composition for widely separated vocal and orchestral groups for the “Wörlitzer plants”)
- ""... | 44,693 |
6758760 | Lung Leng | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Lung%20Leng | Lung Leng
Lung Leng
Lung Leng is an archaeological site located in Sa Binh commune, Sa Thầy District, Kon Tum Province of the Central Highlands region of Vietnam.
The site was discovered in 1999 during the construction of a hydroelectric power plant. Excavated in 1999 and 2001, the site covers an area of around 11,50... | 44,694 |
6758760 | Lung Leng | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Lung%20Leng | Lung Leng
um Province of the Central Highlands region of Vietnam.
The site was discovered in 1999 during the construction of a hydroelectric power plant. Excavated in 1999 and 2001, the site covers an area of around 11,500 square meters or roughly 123,784.97 square feet. Archaeologists have recovered over 14,000 stone... | 44,695 |
6758751 | Automatic (Prince song) | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Automatic%20(Prince%20song) | Automatic (Prince song)
Automatic (Prince song)
"Automatic" is a song by American musician Prince from his 1982 album, "1999". It was released as a 7" single only in Australia, with "Something in the Water (Does Not Compute)" as the B-side. Almost six minutes were edited from the album track for its single release.
L... | 44,696 |
6758751 | Automatic (Prince song) | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Automatic%20(Prince%20song) | Automatic (Prince song)
single release.
Lyrically, the song had bondage-inspired imagery; and a music video directed by Bruce Gowers features band mates Lisa Coleman and Jill Jones whipping Prince in a simulated S&M session, where he is tied to a bed. The video was only released as a promotional clip for dance clubs, ... | 44,697 |
6758777 | Triphenyltin hydride | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Triphenyltin%20hydride | Triphenyltin hydride
Triphenyltin hydride
Triphenyltin hydride is the organotin compound with the formula (CH)SnH. It is a white distillable oil that is soluble in organic solvents. It is often used as a source of "H·" to generate radicals or cleave carbon-oxygen bonds.
# Preparation and reactions.
PhSnH, as it is m... | 44,698 |
6758725 | Rommel Adducul | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Rommel%20Adducul | Rommel Adducul
Rommel Adducul
Rommel Adducul (born April 21, 1976) is a Filipino former professional basketball player who currently serves as an assistant coach for both the Blackwater Elite of the Philippine Basketball Association (PBA) and the Lyceum Pirates of the NCAA.
# Career.
In college, Adducul, a three-tim... | 44,699 |
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