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2313741 | Alan M. Wilner | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Alan%20M.%20Wilner | Alan M. Wilner
Alan M. Wilner
Alan M. Wilner (born January 26, 1937) is an American jurist and a retired judge of the Maryland Court of Appeals, the state's highest court from Baltimore County, Maryland.
Wilner was born in Baltimore, Maryland. He attended Baltimore City College and Johns Hopkins University, receiving... | 6,120,400 |
2313741 | Alan M. Wilner | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Alan%20M.%20Wilner | Alan M. Wilner
an American jurist and a retired judge of the Maryland Court of Appeals, the state's highest court from Baltimore County, Maryland.
Wilner was born in Baltimore, Maryland. He attended Baltimore City College and Johns Hopkins University, receiving an A.B. degree in 1958 and an M.L.A. degree in 1966. He e... | 6,120,401 |
2313715 | Celestial Toymaker | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Celestial%20Toymaker | Celestial Toymaker
Celestial Toymaker
The Celestial Toymaker is a fictional character in the long-running British science fiction television series, "Doctor Who". He was played by Michael Gough, and featured in the 1966 story "The Celestial Toymaker" by Brian Hayles.
# Character overview.
The Toymaker is immortal, h... | 6,120,402 |
2313715 | Celestial Toymaker | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Celestial%20Toymaker | Celestial Toymaker
wins, he is destroyed with the world. Either way, the contestant cannot win; the reward for both failure and success is the same: eternal existence at the Toymaker's side. The Toymaker is manipulative and can turn people, as the First Doctor comments, "into his playthings". As he demonstrates, he is ... | 6,120,403 |
2313715 | Celestial Toymaker | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Celestial%20Toymaker | Celestial Toymaker
The Sixth Doctor and Peri defeat the Toymaker, and leave him sealed inside a forcefield maintained by his own thoughts, trapped for the remainder of his life.
The Toymaker made his first comic strip appearance in 1981, in a back-up strip titled "The Greatest Gamble", written by John Peel and drawn b... | 6,120,404 |
2313715 | Celestial Toymaker | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Celestial%20Toymaker | Celestial Toymaker
his playing board to try to defeat the Eighth Doctor, using the Ultimate Weapon of a mirror which created clockwork duplicates. However, the Doctor turned this plan on its executor, creating a duplicate of the Toymaker hell-bent on playing games for ever, at which point he was cast into a dimensional... | 6,120,405 |
2313715 | Celestial Toymaker | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Celestial%20Toymaker | Celestial Toymaker
same way as the White Guardian represents order, and the Black Guardian represents chaos. The story also features Gaylord Lefevre from "The Greatest Gamble". At the conclusion of the story, despite the Toymaker's attempts to turn the Fifth Doctor's companions against him, he is defeated when Rallon e... | 6,120,406 |
2313715 | Celestial Toymaker | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Celestial%20Toymaker | Celestial Toymaker
changing minor but crucial aspects of his personality).
The cancelled story "The Nightmare Fair" was resurrected by Big Finish Productions, and released November 2009. Colin Baker and Nicola Bryant returned as the Doctor and Peri, but as Michael Gough had retired, the part of the Toymaker was played... | 6,120,407 |
2313715 | Celestial Toymaker | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Celestial%20Toymaker | Celestial Toymaker
ber 2009. Colin Baker and Nicola Bryant returned as the Doctor and Peri, but as Michael Gough had retired, the part of the Toymaker was played by David Bailie, who had previously played Dask in the 1977 story The Robots of Death. However, seven months before "Fair's" release, The Toymaker makes a sur... | 6,120,408 |
2313756 | List of World War II aces from New Zealand | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List%20of%20World%20War%20II%20aces%20from%20New%20Zealand | List of World War II aces from New Zealand
List of World War II aces from New Zealand
This is a list of fighter aces in World War II from New Zealand. For other countries see List of World War II aces by country
# Notes.
## Abbreviations.
- ♣ – flew in the Battle of Britain
- "KIA" in Notes means Killed in action ... | 6,120,409 |
2313768 | List of World War II aces from the United Kingdom | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List%20of%20World%20War%20II%20aces%20from%20the%20United%20Kingdom | List of World War II aces from the United Kingdom
List of World War II aces from the United Kingdom
This is a list of fighter aces in World War II from the United Kingdom and the British Empire (Country names as per name at the time of World War II). For other countries see List of World War II aces by country.
Abbre... | 6,120,410 |
2313768 | List of World War II aces from the United Kingdom | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List%20of%20World%20War%20II%20aces%20from%20the%20United%20Kingdom | List of World War II aces from the United Kingdom
e of Britain(10 July until 31 October 1940).
# See also.
- List of RAF aircrew in the Battle of Britain
- List of Royal Air Force aircraft squadrons
# References.
## Bibliography.
- Allied aces of the Battle of Britain
- RAF Flying Aces of World War II
- Battle ... | 6,120,411 |
50250 | Canaan | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Canaan | Canaan
Canaan
Canaan (; Northwest Semitic: ""; Phoenician: 𐤊𐤍𐤏𐤍 "Kenāʿan"; – "Kənáʿan", in pausa – "Kənā́ʿan"; New Testament – "Khanáan"; ) was a Semitic-speaking region and civilization in the Ancient Near East during the late 2nd millennium BC. The name "Canaan" appears throughout the Bible, where it corresponds... | 6,120,412 |
50250 | Canaan | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Canaan | Canaan
frequently used ethnic term in the Bible. In the Book of Joshua, Canaanites are included in a list of nations to exterminate, and later described as a group which the Israelites had annihilated. Biblical scholar Mark Smith notes that archaeological data suggests "that the Israelite culture largely overlapped wit... | 6,120,413 |
50250 | Canaan | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Canaan | Canaan
as a self-designation by the Punics ("chanani") of North Africa during Late Antiquity.
Canaan had significant geopolitical importance in the Late Bronze Age Amarna period (14th century BC) as the area where the spheres of interest of the Egyptian, Hittite, Mitanni and Assyrian Empires converged. Much of modern ... | 6,120,414 |
50250 | Canaan | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Canaan | Canaan
Etymology.
The English term "Canaan" (pronounced since c. 1500, due to the Great Vowel Shift) comes from the Hebrew ("knʿn"), via Greek "Khanaan" and Latin '. It appears as 𒆳𒆠𒈾𒄴𒈾 ("ki-na-ah-na") in the Amarna letters (14th century BC), and ' is found on coins from Phoenicia in the last half of the 1st mill... | 6,120,415 |
50250 | Canaan | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Canaan | Canaan
in contrast with Aram, which would then mean "highlands", whereas others have suggested it meant "the subjugated" as the name of Egypt's province in the Levant, and evolved into the proper name in a similar fashion to Provincia Nostra (the first Roman colony north of the Alps, which became Provence).
An alterna... | 6,120,416 |
50250 | Canaan | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Canaan | Canaan
rulers of Babylon from murex shells as early as 1600 BC, and on the Mediterranean coast by the Phoenicians from a byproduct of glassmaking. Purple cloth became a renowned Canaanite export commodity which is mentioned in Exodus. The dyes may have been named after their place of origin. The name 'Phoenicia' is con... | 6,120,417 |
50250 | Canaan | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Canaan | Canaan
abandoned.
# Archaeology.
## Origins.
Canaanite culture apparently developed "in situ" from the earlier Ghassulian chalcolithic culture, which pioneered the Mediterranean agricultural system typical of the Canaanite region, which comprised intensive subsistence horticulture, extensive grain growing, commercia... | 6,120,418 |
50250 | Canaan | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Canaan | Canaan
Revolution in the Levant. The Late Bronze Age state of Ugarit (at Ras Shamra in Syria) is considered quintessentially Canaanite archaeologically, even though its Ugaritic language does not belong to the Canaanite language group proper.
## Middle Bronze Age.
### Ebla tablets (c. 2500–2200 BC).
A disputed refer... | 6,120,419 |
50250 | Canaan | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Canaan | Canaan
while at the same time stating that the first certain reference is in the 18th century BC. See Ebla-Biblical controversy for further details.
### Mari letters (c. 2000 BC).
A letter from Mut-bisir to Shamshi-Adad I (c. 1809 – 1776 BC) of the Old Assyrian Empire (2025–1750 BC) has been translated: "It is in Rah... | 6,120,420 |
50250 | Canaan | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Canaan | Canaan
Robert Drews states that the "first certain cuneiform reference" to Canaan is found on the Alalakh statue of King Idrimi (below).
## Late Bronze Age cuneiform (1500–1000 BC).
### Alalakh texts.
A reference to Ammiya being "in the land of Canaan" is found on the Statue of Idrimi (16th century BC) from Alalakh ... | 6,120,421 |
50250 | Canaan | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Canaan | Canaan
A list of Muskenu people with their origins. All are towns, except for three lands including Canaan
- AT 48: A contract with a Canaanite hunter
### Amarna letters.
References to Canaanites are also found throughout the Amarna letters of Pharaoh Akhenaten c. 1350 BC. In these letters, some of which were sent b... | 6,120,422 |
50250 | Canaan | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Canaan | Canaan
Akkadian language of Assyria and Babylonia, though "Canaanitish" words and idioms are also in evidence. The known references are:
- EA 8: Letter from Burna-Buriash II to Akhenaten, explaining that his merchants "were detained in Canaan for business matters", robbed and killed "in Hinnatuna of the land of Canaan... | 6,120,423 |
50250 | Canaan | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Canaan | Canaan
EA 109: Letter of Rib-Hadda: "Previously, on seeing a man from Egypt, the kings of Canaan fled before him, but now the sons of Abdi-Ashirta make men from Egypt prowl about like dogs"
- EA 110: Letter of Rib-Hadda: "No ship of the army is to leave Canaan"
- EA 131: Letter of Rib-Hadda: "If he does not send arch... | 6,120,424 |
50250 | Canaan | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Canaan | Canaan
know that the king does not want to go against all of Canaan when he rages"
- EA 148: Letter from Abimilku to the Pharaoh: "[The king] has taken over the land of the king for the 'Apiru. May the king ask his commissioner, who is familiar with Canaan"
- EA 151: Letter from Abimilku to the Pharaoh: "The king, my... | 6,120,425 |
50250 | Canaan | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Canaan | Canaan
the land of Ugarit" to the "foreman of the sons of the land of Canaan ("*kn'ny")" According to Jonathan Tubb, this suggests that the Semitic people of Ugarit, contrary to much modern opinion, considered themselves to be non-Canaanite.
The other Ugarit reference, KTU 4.96, shows a list of traders assigned to roy... | 6,120,426 |
50250 | Canaan | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Canaan | Canaan
Sidon, Tyre and possibly Amurru
- KBo XXVIII 1: Ramesses II letter to Hattusili III, in which Ramesses suggested he would meet "his brother" in Canaan and bring him to Egypt
- KUB III 57 (also KUB III 37 + KBo I 17): Broken text which may refer to Canaan as an Egyptian sub-district
- KBo I 15+19: Ramesses II ... | 6,120,427 |
50250 | Canaan | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Canaan | Canaan
west by the Mediterranean Sea, to the north in the vicinity of Hamath in Syria, to the east by the Jordan Valley, and to the south by a line extended from the Dead Sea to around Gaza. Nevertheless, the Egyptian and Hebrew uses of the term are not identical: the Egyptian texts also identify the coastal city of Qa... | 6,120,428 |
50250 | Canaan | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Canaan | Canaan
Egyptian campaign accounts, the term Djahi was used to refer to the watershed of the Jordan river. Many earlier Egyptian sources also mention numerous military campaigns conducted in "Ka-na-na", just inside Asia.
Archaeological attestation of the name "Canaan" in Ancient Near Eastern sources relates almost excl... | 6,120,429 |
50250 | Canaan | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Canaan | Canaan
provide a coherent description of its location and boundaries, and regarding whether the inhabitants used the term to describe themselves.
16 references are known in Egyptian sources, from the Eighteenth Dynasty of Egypt onwards.
- Amenhotep II inscriptions: Canaanites are included in a list of prisoners of wa... | 6,120,430 |
50250 | Canaan | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Canaan | Canaan
is said to have built a temple to the god Amen to receive tribute from the southern Levant. This was described as being built in "Pa-Canaan", a geographical reference whose meaning is disputed, with suggestions that it may refer to the city of Gaza or to the entire Egyptian-occupied territory in the south west c... | 6,120,431 |
50250 | Canaan | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Canaan | Canaan
Achaemenid Persians make no mention of Canaan.
# Greco-Roman historiography.
The Greek term "Phoenicia" is first attested in the first two works of Western literature, Homer's "Iliad" and "Odyssey". It does not occur in the Hebrew Bible, but occurs three times in the New Testament in the Book of Acts. In the 6... | 6,120,432 |
50250 | Canaan | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Canaan | Canaan
Cronus, and credits the inhabitants with developing fishing, hunting, agriculture, shipbuilding and writing.
Coins of the city of Beirut / Laodicea bear the legend, "Of Laodicea, a metropolis in Canaan"; these coins are dated to the reign of Antiochus IV (175–164 BC) and his successors until 123 BC.
Saint Augu... | 6,120,433 |
50250 | Canaan | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Canaan | Canaan
popularized the term "Palestine", named after the Greek Philistines or the Aegean Pelasgians, for roughly the region of Canaan, excluding Phoenicia, with Herodotus' first recorded use of "Palaistinê", c. 480 BC. From 110 BC, the Hasmoneans extended their authority over much of the region, creating a Judean-Samar... | 6,120,434 |
50250 | Canaan | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Canaan | Canaan
region in the Third Mithridatic War, conquering Judea in 63 BC, and splitting the former Hasmonean Kingdom into five districts. Around 130–135 AD, as a result of the suppression of the Bar Kochba revolt, the province of Iudaea was joined with Galilee to form new province of Syria Palaestina. There is circumstant... | 6,120,435 |
50250 | Canaan | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Canaan | Canaan
societies, and early metal-working in the last thousand years;
- 3500–2000 BC (Early Bronze): prior to written records in the area;
- 2000–1550 BC (Middle Bronze): city-states;
- 1550–1200 BC (Late Bronze): Egyptian hegemony;
- 1200–586 BC (Iron Age, divided into Iron Age I and II): village societies in Iron... | 6,120,436 |
50250 | Canaan | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Canaan | Canaan
Early Bronze Age (3500–2000).
By the Early Bronze Age other sites had developed, such as Ebla (where an East Semitic language, Eblaite, was spoken), which by c. 2300 BC was incorporated into the Mesopotamia-based Akkadian Empire of Sargon the Great and Naram-Sin of Akkad (biblical Accad). Sumerian references to... | 6,120,437 |
50250 | Canaan | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Canaan | Canaan
archives of Ebla show reference to a number of biblical sites, including Hazor, Jerusalem, and as a number of people have claimed, to Sodom and Gomorrah mentioned in Genesis as well. Ebla and Amorites at Hazor, Kadesh (Qadesh-on-the-Orontes), and elsewhere in Amurru (Syria) bordered Canaan in the north and north... | 6,120,438 |
50250 | Canaan | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Canaan | Canaan
to their south such as Egypt, and to the north Asia Minor (Hurrians, Hattians, Hittites, Luwians) and Mesopotamia (Sumer, Akkad, Assyria), a trend that continued through the Iron Age. The end of the period is marked by the abandonment of the cities and a return to lifestyles based on farming villages and semi-no... | 6,120,439 |
50250 | Canaan | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Canaan | Canaan
into a vast international trading network.
As early as Naram-Sin of Akkad's reign (c. 2240 BC), "Amurru" was called one of the "four quarters" surrounding Akkad, along with Subartu/Assyria, Sumer, and Elam.
Amorite dynasties also came to dominate in much of Mesopotamia, including in Larsa, Isin and founding th... | 6,120,440 |
50250 | Canaan | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Canaan | Canaan
as an independent city-state in 1894 BC. One Amorite king of Babylonia, Hammurabi (1792–1750 BC) founded the first Babylonian Empire, which lasted only as long as his lifetime. Upon his death, the Amorites were driven from Assyria, but remained masters of Babylonia until 1595 BC, when they were ejected by the Hi... | 6,120,441 |
50250 | Canaan | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Canaan | Canaan
BC, Canaanites invaded the eastern Delta of Egypt, where, known as the Hyksos, they became the dominant power.
In Egyptian inscriptions, "Amar" and "Amurru" (Amorites) are applied strictly to the more northerly mountain region east of Phoenicia, extending to the Orontes.
Archaeological excavations of a number ... | 6,120,442 |
50250 | Canaan | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Canaan | Canaan
important coalition in the south.
## Late Bronze Age (1550–1200).
In the early Late Bronze Age, Canaanite confederacies centered on Megiddo and Kadesh, before again being brought into the Egyptian Empire and Hittite Empire. Later still, the Neo Assyrian Empire assimilated the region.
The migrant ancient Semit... | 6,120,443 |
50250 | Canaan | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Canaan | Canaan
the southern mountain country, while verses such as Num. 21:13, Josh. 9:10, 24:8, 12, etc.tell of two great Amorite kings residing at Heshbon and Ashteroth, east of the Jordan. However, other passages such as Gen. 15:16, 48:22, Josh. 24:15, Judg. 1:34, etc. regard the name "Amorite" as synonymous with "Canaanite... | 6,120,444 |
50250 | Canaan | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Canaan | Canaan
Canaan and northern Syria came to be ruled by the Assyrians during this period.
Under Thutmose III (1479–1426 BC) and Amenhotep II (1427–1400 BC), the regular presence of the strong hand of the Egyptian ruler and his armies kept the Amorites and Canaanites sufficiently loyal. Nevertheless, Thutmose III reported... | 6,120,445 |
50250 | Canaan | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Canaan | Canaan
would pay for their support.
Although Habiru (a Sumerian ideogram glossed as "brigand" in Akkadian), and sometimes "" (an Akkadian word) had been reported in Mesopotamia from the reign of the Sumerian king, Shulgi of Ur III, their appearance in Canaan appears to have been due to the arrival of a new state based... | 6,120,446 |
50250 | Canaan | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Canaan | Canaan
though there were a number of Semites and even some Kassite and Luwian adventurers amongst their number. The reign of Amenhotep III, as a result was not quite so tranquil for the Asiatic province, as Habiru/'Apiru contributed to greater political instability. It is believed that turbulent chiefs began to seek th... | 6,120,447 |
50250 | Canaan | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Canaan | Canaan
to have sought to frustrate Aziru's attempts. In the next reign of the next pharaoh (Akhenaten, reigned 1352 to 1335 BC), however, both father and son caused infinite trouble to loyal servants of Egypt like Rib-Hadda, governor of Gubla (Gebal), not the least through transferring loyalty from the Egyptian crown t... | 6,120,448 |
50250 | Canaan | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Canaan | Canaan
Abdi-Ashirta and his son Aziru, at first afraid of the Hittites, afterwards made a treaty with their king, and joining with the Hittites, attacked and conquered the districts remaining loyal to Egypt. In vain did Rib-Hadda send touching appeals for aid to the distant Pharaoh, who was far too engaged in his relig... | 6,120,449 |
50250 | Canaan | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Canaan | Canaan
from persons called Iilkili and the sons of Labaya, who are said to have entered into a treasonable league with the Habiri. Apparently this restless warrior found his death at the siege of Gina. All these princes, however, maligned each other in their letters to the Pharaoh, and protested their own innocence of ... | 6,120,450 |
50250 | Canaan | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Canaan | Canaan
waned as a result. Powerful Assyrian kings extracted tribute from Canaanite states and cities from north, east and central Syria as far as the Mediterranean.
The King of Assyria Arik-den-ili (reigned 1307–1296 BC), consolidated Assyrian power in the Levant, he defeated and conquered ancient Semitic-speaking peo... | 6,120,451 |
50250 | Canaan | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Canaan | Canaan
or Hittite influence, and the growing power of Assyria was perhaps the reason why these two states made peace with one another. This trend continued under Tukulti-Ninurta I (1244–1208 BC) and after a hiatus, under Tiglath-Pileser I (1115–1077 BC) who conquered the Arameans of northern Syria, and thence he procee... | 6,120,452 |
50250 | Canaan | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Canaan | Canaan
and Iron Age I and IIA/B Ages sites like Jerusalem were small and relatively insignificant and unfortified towns.
Just after the Amarna period a new problem arose which was to trouble the Egyptian control of southern Canaan (the rest of the region now being under Assyrian control). Pharaoh Horemhab campaigned a... | 6,120,453 |
50250 | Canaan | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Canaan | Canaan
of Kadesh, Rameses II had to campaign vigorously in Canaan to maintain Egyptian power. Egyptian forces penetrated into Moab and Ammon, where a permanent fortress garrison (Called simply "Rameses") was established.
Some believe the "Habiru" signified generally all the nomadic tribes known as "Hebrews", and parti... | 6,120,454 |
50250 | Canaan | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Canaan | Canaan
Iron Age.
By the Early Iron Age, the southern Levant came to be dominated by the kingdoms of Israel and Judah, besides the Philistine city-states on the Mediterranean coast, and the kingdoms of Moab, Ammon and Aram-Damascus east of the Jordan River, and Edom to the south.
The northern Levant was divided into v... | 6,120,455 |
50250 | Canaan | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Canaan | Canaan
such as Ashurnasirpal, Adad-nirari II, Sargon II, Tiglath-Pileser III, Esarhaddon, Sennacherib and Ashurbanipal came to dominate Canaanite affairs. The Egyptians, then under a Nubian Dynasty, made a failed attempt to regain a foothold in the region, but were vanquished by the Assyrians, leading to an Assyrian in... | 6,120,456 |
50250 | Canaan | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Canaan | Canaan
Assyrian brethren, including all the lands in Canaan and Syria, together with Israel and Judah. They successfully defeated the Egyptians, who had belatedly attempted to aid their former masters, the Assyrians, and then remained in the region in an attempt to regain a foothold in the Near East. The Babylonian Emp... | 6,120,457 |
50250 | Canaan | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Canaan | Canaan
northwestern Jordan, and some western areas of Syria. According to archaeologist Jonathan N. Tubb, "Ammonites, Moabites, Israelites and Phoenicians undoubtedly achieved their own cultural identities, and yet ethnically they were all Canaanites", "the same people who settled in farming villages in the region in t... | 6,120,458 |
50250 | Canaan | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Canaan | Canaan
change. During these periods, Canaanites profited from their intermediary position between the ancient civilizations of the Middle East—Ancient Egypt, Mesopotamia (Sumer, Akkad, Assyria, Babylonia), the Hittites, and Minoan Crete—to become city states of merchant princes along the coast, with small kingdoms spec... | 6,120,459 |
50250 | Canaan | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Canaan | Canaan
towns, surrounded by peasant farmers growing a range of local horticultural products, along with commercial growing of olives, grapes for wine, and pistachios, surrounded by extensive grain cropping, predominantly wheat and barley. Harvest in early summer was a season when transhumance nomadism was practiced—she... | 6,120,460 |
50250 | Canaan | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Canaan | Canaan
with subsistence agricultural foodstuffs; and transhumance pastoralism became a year-round nomadic pastoral activity, whilst tribal groups wandered in a circular pattern north to the Euphrates, or south to the Egyptian delta with their flocks. Occasionally, tribal chieftains would emerge, raiding enemy settlemen... | 6,120,461 |
50250 | Canaan | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Canaan | Canaan
the collapse of Akkadian Empire in Mesopotamia and the First Intermediate Period of Egypt, the Hyksos invasions and the end of the Middle Bronze Age in Assyria and Babylonia, and the Late Bronze Age collapse, trade through the Canaanite area would dwindle, as Egypt, Babylonia, and to a lesser degree Assyria, wit... | 6,120,462 |
50250 | Canaan | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Canaan | Canaan
Secondary Canaanite cities would develop in this region. Further economic development would see the creation of a third trade route from Eilath, Timna, Edom (Seir), Moab, Ammon and thence to the Aramean states of Damascus and Palmyra. Earlier states (for example the Philistines and Tyrians in the case of Judah a... | 6,120,463 |
50250 | Canaan | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Canaan | Canaan
tariffs. Often in such periods, thorough overgrazing would result in a climatic collapse and a repeat of the cycle (e.g., PPNB, Ghassulian, Uruk, and the Bronze Age cycles already mentioned). The fall of later Canaanite civilization occurred with the incorporation of the area into the Greco-Roman world (as Iudae... | 6,120,464 |
50250 | Canaan | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Canaan | Canaan
of Iraq, Iran, northeast Syria and southeast Turkey.
Tel Kabri contains the remains of a Canaanite city from the Middle Bronze Age (2000–1550 BC). The city, the most important of the cities in the Western Galilee during that period, had a palace at its center. Tel Kabri is the only Canaanite city that can be ex... | 6,120,465 |
50250 | Canaan | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Canaan | Canaan
"Oh, brothers, will you meet me, (3x)/On Canaan's happy shore," a hymn set to the tune later used in "The Battle Hymn of the Republic".
In Jewish European history, Bohemia was sometimes called the "Land of Canaan", from which derived the name of the now extinct Knaanic language.
In the 1930s and 1940s, some Re... | 6,120,466 |
50250 | Canaan | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Canaan | Canaan
used by Ugaritan Kings)
- Yaqarum I of Ugarit (Known from a seal used by Ugaritan Kings)
- Ammittamru I of Ugarit (Amarna letters)
- Niqmaddu II of Ugarit (Amarna letters) (1349–1315 BC)
- Arhalba of Ugarit (1315–1313 BC)
- Niqmepa of Ugarit (1313–1260 BC)
- Ammittamru II of Ugarit (1260–1235 BC)
- Ibiran... | 6,120,467 |
50250 | Canaan | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Canaan | Canaan
(Gen. 10:15)
- Cronos (Ilus), founder of Byblos according to Sanchuniathon
- Mamre, an Amorite chieftain (Gen. 13:18)
- Makamaron, king of Canaan (Jubilees 46:6)
- Sihon, king of Amorites (Deut 1:4)
- Og, king of Bashan (Deut 1:4)
- Adonizedek, king of Jerusalem (Josh. 10:1)
- Debir, king of Eglon (Josh. ... | 6,120,468 |
50250 | Canaan | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Canaan | Canaan
II 750–739 BC
- Hiram II 739–730 BC
- Mattan II 730–729 BC
- Elulaios 729 694 BC
- Abd Melqart 694–680 BC
- Baal I 680–660 BC
- "Tyre may have been under control of Assyria and/or Egypt for 70 years"
- Eshbaal III 591–573 BC—"Carthage became independent of Tyre in 574 BC"
- Baal II 573–564 BC (under Baby... | 6,120,469 |
50250 | Canaan | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Canaan | Canaan
west of the Jordan River. Canaanites were described as living "by the sea, and along by the side of the Jordan" (Book of Numbers 33:51; Book of Joshua 22:9). Canaan was especially identified with Phoenicia (Book of Isaiah 23:11). The Philistines, while an integral part of the Canaanite milieu, do not seem to hav... | 6,120,470 |
50250 | Canaan | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Canaan | Canaan
their predecessors the Hattians had spoken a little-known language ("Hattili"), of uncertain affinities.
The Horites, formerly of Mount Seir, were implied to be Canaanite (Hivite), although unusually there is no direct confirmation of this in the narrative. The Hurrians, based in Upper Mesopotamia, spoke the Hu... | 6,120,471 |
50250 | Canaan | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Canaan | Canaan
appears during the narrative known as the Curse of Ham, in which Canaan is cursed with perpetual slavery because his father Ham had "looked upon" the drunk and naked Noah. The expression "look upon" at times has sexual overtones in the Bible, as in Leviticus 20:11, "The man who lies with his father's wife has un... | 6,120,472 |
50250 | Canaan | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Canaan | Canaan
problematic as the archaeological and textual evidence supports the idea that the early Israelites were in fact themselves Canaanites.
The Hebrew Bible lists borders for the land of Canaan. The Book of Numbers, 34:2, includes the phrase "the land of Canaan as defined by its borders." The borders are then deline... | 6,120,473 |
50250 | Canaan | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Canaan | Canaan
synonym for "merchant", as it is interpreted in, for example, Book of Job 40:30, or Book of Proverbs 31:24.
John N. Oswalt notes that "Canaan consists of the land west of the Jordan and is distinguished from the area east of the Jordan." Oswalt then goes on to say that in Scripture, Canaan "takes on a theologic... | 6,120,474 |
50250 | Canaan | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Canaan | Canaan
of Joshua. In 586 BC, the Kingdom of Judah was annexed into the Neo-Babylonian Empire. The city of Jerusalem fell after a siege which lasted either eighteen or thirty months. By 586 BC, much of Judah was devastated, and the former kingdom suffered a steep decline of both economy and population. The descendants o... | 6,120,475 |
50250 | Canaan | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Canaan | Canaan
of Sidon, his firstborn; and of the Hittites, Jebusites, Amorites, Girgashites, Hivites, Arkites, Sinites, Arvadites, Zemarites, and Hamathites. Later the Canaanite clans scattered, and the borders of Canaan reached [across the Mediterranean coast] from Sidon toward Gerar as far as Gaza, and then [inland around ... | 6,120,476 |
50250 | Canaan | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Canaan | Canaan
populations are said to have inhabited:
- the Mediterranean coastlands (), including Lebanon corresponding to Phoenicia () and the Gaza Strip corresponding to Philistia ().
- the Jordan Valley (, , ).
The Canaanites () are said to have been one of seven regional ethnic divisions or "nations" driven out by the... | 6,120,477 |
50250 | Canaan | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Canaan | Canaan
shores of the Mediterranean Sea, within the inheritance delineated for Shem. Canaan thus incurs a further curse from Noah for disobeying the agreed apportionment of land.
One of the 613 commandments (precisely n. 596) prescribes that no inhabitants of the cities of six Canaanite nations, the same as mentioned i... | 6,120,478 |
50250 | Canaan | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Canaan | Canaan
is attested, many centuries later, as the endonym of the people later known to the Ancient Greeks from c. 500 BC as Phoenicians, and following the emigration of Canaanite-speakers to Carthage (founded in the 9th century BC), was also used as a self-designation by the Punics ("chanani") of North Africa during Lat... | 6,120,479 |
50250 | Canaan | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Canaan | Canaan
in two parallel passages).
## New Testament.
"Canaan" (, "Chanaán") is used only three times in the New Testament: twice in Acts of the Apostles when paraphrasing Old Testament stories, and once in the exorcism of the Syrophoenician woman's daughter. The latter story is told by both the Gospel of Matthew and t... | 6,120,480 |
50250 | Canaan | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Canaan | Canaan
of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, whose Book of Abraham teaches that Canaan was a descendant of Cain, that his descendants settled Africa, and that they were cursed. Joseph Smith and Brigham Young both believed that the Curse of Ham meant only God could decree the beginning or end of black slavery, and that ... | 6,120,481 |
50250 | Canaan | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Canaan | Canaan
going forward.
Modern scholars do not believe that black Africans are related to the Canaanites based upon race as depicted throughout local and Egyptian arts, genetics, and physical anthropology.
# See also.
- Amarna letters–localities and their rulers
- Canaanite religion
- History of the name Palestine
... | 6,120,482 |
50250 | Canaan | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Canaan | Canaan
throughout local and Egyptian arts, genetics, and physical anthropology.
# See also.
- Amarna letters–localities and their rulers
- Canaanite religion
- History of the name Palestine
- Names of the Levant
# External links.
- Canaan & Ancient Israel, University of Pennsylvania Museum of Archaeology and Ant... | 6,120,483 |
2313750 | Four Brothers (film) | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Four%20Brothers%20(film) | Four Brothers (film)
Four Brothers (film)
Four Brothers is a 2005 American crime thriller film directed by John Singleton. The film stars Mark Wahlberg, Tyrese Gibson, André Benjamin and Garrett Hedlund as adopted siblings who avenge the death of their mother. The film was shot in Detroit, Michigan. "Four Brothers" wa... | 6,120,484 |
2313750 | Four Brothers (film) | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Four%20Brothers%20(film) | Four Brothers (film)
a cover for what was, in fact, a hit put out on Evelyn. After this revelation, Bobby (Mark Wahlberg), Angel (Tyrese Gibson), Jeremiah (André Benjamin) and Jack Mercer (Garrett Hedlund) track down the hired guns who killed Evelyn. Refusing to say anything, they are unceremoniously executed by Bobby ... | 6,120,485 |
2313750 | Four Brothers (film) | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Four%20Brothers%20(film) | Four Brothers (film)
insurance, the brothers are treated to a somewhat different version of events. Jeremiah informs them that his construction company was failing precisely because he was not getting involved with gang lord Victor Sweet (Chiwetel Ejiofor), and that for a project to succeed he had to pay off the right ... | 6,120,486 |
2313750 | Four Brothers (film) | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Four%20Brothers%20(film) | Four Brothers (film)
attack the brothers. Jack is shot and killed during the attack. Bobby finds one of the gunmen still alive and questions him about who sent them. He almost spares the gunman but is offended when the gunman mumbles "Thank God" and kills him anyway. When Lieutenant Green arrives, he tells them not to ... | 6,120,487 |
2313750 | Four Brothers (film) | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Four%20Brothers%20(film) | Four Brothers (film)
at a bar Green confronts Fowler, hitting him and ordering Fowler to hand in his badge. They walk out of the bar, and Fowler kills Green and calls it into dispatch claiming two assailants had fired upon Green.
The remaining brothers devise a plan to buy Victor Sweet off with the $400,000 from their... | 6,120,488 |
2313750 | Four Brothers (film) | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Four%20Brothers%20(film) | Four Brothers (film)
Angel claims the whole conversation was taped, including Fowler's admission that he killed Green. The police arrive at Fowler's in full force, and Fowler gets the upper hand on Angel. With a gun pointed to Angel's head, Fowler tells the police to back off, despite their pleadings that they are actu... | 6,120,489 |
2313750 | Four Brothers (film) | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Four%20Brothers%20(film) | Four Brothers (film)
kill him just as Bobby shows up. Bobby and Sweet brawl for a good five minutes, at the end, Bobby uses his hockey playing skills to get the upper hand and knocks Sweet unconscious. His former henchmen seal his fate after he is dropped in a hole carved into the ice, drowning him. The three brothers,... | 6,120,490 |
2313750 | Four Brothers (film) | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Four%20Brothers%20(film) | Four Brothers (film)
Charles as Detective Fowler
- Sofía Vergara as Sofi
- Chiwetel Ejiofor as Victor Sweet
- Fionnula Flanagan as Evelyn Mercer
- Taraji P. Henson as Camille Mercer
- Kenneth Welsh as Robert Bradford
- Barry Shabaka Henley as Councilman Douglas
- Lyriq Bent as Damian
# Music.
The music for the... | 6,120,491 |
2313750 | Four Brothers (film) | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Four%20Brothers%20(film) | Four Brothers (film)
"Dancing Machine" by The Jackson Five
- "'T' Plays It Cool" by Marvin Gaye
- "Take A Look Around" by The Temptations
- "Shake Me, Wake Me (When It's Over)" by The Four Tops
- "Shallow" by Porcupine Tree
- "Get Back" by Subway to Venus
- "Oh Boy" by Eastside Chedda Boyz
- "Plastic Jesus" by E... | 6,120,492 |
2313750 | Four Brothers (film) | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Four%20Brothers%20(film) | Four Brothers (film)
Dark" by The Co-Stars
- "Cleo's Apartment" by Marvin Gaye
- "Smiling Faces Sometimes" by The Undisputed Truth
- "Do It Baby" by The Miracles
- "Knucklehead" by Grover Washington Jr.
- "World's Gonna End" by Josh Rifkin, Ben Levine, Chris Steele and Dave Hemann
- "Brother's Gonna Work It Out" ... | 6,120,493 |
2313750 | Four Brothers (film) | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Four%20Brothers%20(film) | Four Brothers (film)
on December 20, 2005.
## Reception.
The grossed $92.5 million worldwide against a budget of $30 million.
On the review aggregator Rotten Tomatoes, 53% of 134 surveyed critics gave the film positive reviews. The consensus is: "Despite striking a believable rapport among its principal actors, "Fou... | 6,120,494 |
2313776 | The Fearless Four (band) | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=The%20Fearless%20Four%20(band) | The Fearless Four (band)
The Fearless Four (band)
The Fearless Four (also known as Fearless 4 and Fearless Four) is an American old school hip hop group from Harlem, New York. The group is best known for its 1982 single "Rockin' It", which was based on the Kraftwerk track "The Man-Machine" and was featured in the 1983... | 6,120,495 |
2313776 | The Fearless Four (band) | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=The%20Fearless%20Four%20(band) | The Fearless Four (band)
e Great Peso, Devastating Tito, Mighty Mike C, Krazy Eddie, DLB, and Master OC. In 1983, the group collaborated with rapper Kurtis Blow to produce the single "Problems of the World." It was the first crew to be signed to a major label, Elektra Records. The group only released one studio album, ... | 6,120,496 |
2313775 | Principle of restricted choice | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Principle%20of%20restricted%20choice | Principle of restricted choice
Principle of restricted choice
In contract bridge, the principle of restricted choice states that play of a particular card decreases the probability its player holds any equivalent card. For example, South leads a low spade, West plays a low one, North plays the queen, East wins with th... | 6,120,497 |
2313775 | Principle of restricted choice | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Principle%20of%20restricted%20choice | Principle of restricted choice
applications of restricted choice are similar to the Monty Hall problem.
Jeff Rubens (1964, 457) stated the principle thus: "The play of a card which may have been selected as a choice of equal plays increases the chance that the player started with a holding in which his choice was rest... | 6,120,498 |
2313775 | Principle of restricted choice | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Principle%20of%20restricted%20choice | Principle of restricted choice
have the other one.
When the number of equivalent cards is greater than two, the principle is complicated because their equivalence may not be manifest. When one partner holds ♣Q and ♣10, say, and the other holds ♣J, it is usually true that those three cards are equivalent but the one wh... | 6,120,499 |
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