README.md

---
pretty_name: ECHR Retrieval
task_categories:
- text-retrieval
- summarization
- text-ranking
tags:
- legal
- law
- judicial
- eu
source_datasets:
- HUDOC
language:
- en
annotations_creators:
- found
language_creators:
- found
license: cc-by-4.0
size_categories:
- n<1K
dataset_info:
- config_name: default
  features:
  - name: query-id
    dtype: string
  - name: corpus-id
    dtype: string
  - name: score
    dtype: float64
  splits:
  - name: test
    num_examples: 200
- config_name: corpus
  features:
  - name: _id
    dtype: string
  - name: title
    dtype: string
  - name: text
    dtype: string
  splits:
  - name: corpus
    num_examples: 200
- config_name: queries
  features:
  - name: _id
    dtype: string
  - name: text
    dtype: string
  splits:
  - name: queries
    num_examples: 200
configs:
- config_name: default
  data_files:
  - split: test
    path: default.jsonl
- config_name: corpus
  data_files:
  - split: corpus
    path: corpus.jsonl
- config_name: queries
  data_files:
  - split: queries
    path: queries.jsonl
---

# ECHR Retrieval 🏛️
**ECHR Retrieval** by [Isaacus](https://isaacus.com/) is a challenging legal information retrieval evaluation dataset consisting of 200 short summaries of findings of European Court of Human Rights decisions paired with the text of those decisions sourced from the [HUDOC](https://hudoc.echr.coe.int/) database.

This dataset is intended to stress test the ability of an information retrieval model to retrieve relevant court decisions given arbitrary legal holdings.

This dataset forms part of the [Massive Legal Embeddings Benchmark (MLEB)](https://isaacus.com/mleb), the largest, most diverse, and most comprehensive benchmark for legal text embedding models. ECHR Retrieval was added to MLEB on 20 February 2026.

## Structure 🗂️
As per the MTEB information retrieval dataset format, this dataset comprises three splits, `default`, `corpus` and `queries`.

The `default` split pairs summaries (`query-id`) with decisions (`corpus-id`), each pair having a `score` of 1.

The `corpus` split contains European Court of Human Rights decisions, with the text of decisions being stored in the `text` key and their ids being stored in the `_id` key. There is also a `title` column which is deliberately set to an empty string in all cases for compatibility with the [`mteb`](https://github.com/embeddings-benchmark/mteb) library.

The `queries` split contains summaries of the findings of decisions, with the text of summaries being stored in the `text` key and their ids being stored in the `_id` key.

## Methodology 🧪
This dataset was constructed by collecting all publicly available European Court of Human Rights decisions, cleaning them, and then sampling 200 summary-decision pairs for inclusion in this dataset.

## License 📜
This dataset is licensed under [CC BY 4.0](https://choosealicense.com/licenses/cc-by-4.0/) which allows for both non-commercial and commercial use of this dataset as long as appropriate attribution is made to it.

## Citation 🔖
If you use this dataset, please cite the [Massive Legal Embeddings Benchmark (MLEB)](https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.19365):
```bibtex
@misc{butler2025massivelegalembeddingbenchmark,
      title={The Massive Legal Embedding Benchmark (MLEB)}, 
      author={Umar Butler and Abdur-Rahman Butler and Adrian Lucas Malec},
      year={2025},
      eprint={2510.19365},
      archivePrefix={arXiv},
      primaryClass={cs.CL},
      url={https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.19365}, 
}
```