task
stringlengths
0
154k
__index_level_0__
int64
0
39.2k
Drawing Circles Description: In his first drawing class, a professor assigned a student to draw one circle on a rectangular paper sized $w \times h$ units. The student sat on a comfy bench near Powell Library and was about to start drawing when a terrible thing happened. Although it never rains in LA, ...
27,300
Dream Team Description: Jiro Horikoshi is a young aircraft designer who is looking to create a team of aircraft engineers to help him design his first airplane. He wants to build a dream team of $12$ engineers. There are $N$ engineers that he can choose from, where the $i$-th engineer has a skill ratin...
27,301
Dreamer Description: Bash just woke up from his sweetest dream ever. In his dream, he became the best Pokenom trainer — like no one ever was. It was on the date … Unfortunately, Bash forgot the exact date. He only remembered that the date was written in format ‘DD MM YYYY’ with exactly $8$ digits. ...
27,302
Drill Sergeant Description: Drill Sergeant SoCCat is known for their ability to turn raw cat recruits into disciplined cat soldiers. There are $n$ cat recruits, numbered $1$ to $n$. Cat recruit $i$ has height $i$ cat units. Being cats, some of them dislike each other. In particular, there are...
27,303
Drink Menu Description: To widen their mixological horizons, some of your bar’s patrons have decided to work themselves through the entire drink menu, top to bottom, over a period of many visits. Due to their forgetfulness, decreptitude, or levels of inebriation, these patrons cannot be trusted with ke...
27,304
Drink Responsibly Description: The University of Lagado is organising events for the upcoming Fresher’s week and has been told — much to the surprise of its staff — that some of the undergraduates may enjoy a beer tasting. While sourcing a wide variety of drinks for the students to taste, the universit...
27,305
Drinking Song Description: Ninety-Nine Bottles of Beer is an anonymous folk song dating to the mid-20th century. It is a traditional reverse counting song, sometimes used to sing on long trips, as it has a very repetitive format which is easy to memorize and can take a long time to sing. The lyrics des...
27,306
Drive Safely Description: A new stretch of road has just been built from Askøy to Bergen. Before the road can be opened for the public, however, a decision needs to be made as for which speed limits to impose. The minister of transportation wants the travelling time from Askøy to Bergen to be as small ...
27,307
Driver Disagreement Description: Alice and Bob are travelling in Italy. They are travelling by car and unfortunately they took a wrong turn. Now they are stuck in the city centre of Pisa. (You may know that you need an allowance to drive in the city centre, so they are at risk of getting a fine.) As th...
27,308
Driver's Dilemma Description: A car driver visiting Canada from the US travels on a road through isolated New Brunswick territory (no gas stations, houses, or cell phone coverage). Ominous road signs warn about collision risks from deer and moose after dark. Suddenly the driver glances at his fuel gaug...
27,309
Drivers Description: ## Task A worldwide logistics company is called Loners since all of the drivers ride alone. It is very important to the managers of the company to be able to answer their clients quickly and accurately about whether or not the drivers are going to deliver their goods safely from c...
27,310
Driving Lanes Description: While driving around a curve on the highway, Sam realizes that if they use the inside lane, they travel a shorter distance. Sam wonders what is the minimum distance needed to travel to the destination. The multilane highway consists of a sequence of straightaways that are co...
27,311
Driving Range Description: These days, many carmakers are developing cars that run on electricity instead of gasoline. The batteries used in these cars are generally very heavy and expensive, so designers must make an important tradeoffs when determining the battery capacity, and therefore the range, o...
27,312
Driving in Optimistan Description: Optimistan is a strange country. It is situated on an island with a huge desert in the middle, so most people live in port towns along the coast. As the name suggests, people of Optimistan (also called Optimists) like to optimise everything, so they only built roads n...
27,313
Drone Diversion Description: At large programming contests there are often hundreds of participants competing. Every now and then a contestant may need some extra energy to solve a particularly difficult problem. Usually, this happens by ingesting some candy. As a contest organizer, fetching candy to h...
27,314
Dropping Ball Description: You are given a board with $M$ rows and $N$ columns. The rows are numbered from $1$ to $M$ from top to bottom. The columns are numbered from $1$ to $N$ from left to right. In each cell of the board, there is a diagonal wall. The wall either runs from top-left corner to b...
27,315
Dropping Ball Description: In the second round of the Hunter Exam, the candidates are faced with an even more challenging problem, requiring both agility and mathematical skills. After entering the Examination Hall for the second round, candidates are faced with a huge vertical grid containing empty s...
27,316
Dropping Directions Description: Your sports club has a rivaling sports club in the same city. They did some awful things to you and you want to get back at them. You have learned that they are planning on doing a ’drop’: they drive people blindfolded to a city none of the participants know and tell th...
27,317
Drowning Combinatorist Description: loglogloglog. Brandon Greg Jr. is sometimes a drowning combinatorist. A permutation of length $n$ can be represented as some order of the integers $\{ 1,2,\ldots ,n\} $. A run of length $k$ in a permutation is $k$ consecutive elements that appear in increasi...
27,318
Drunk Texting Description: Among the many negative effects of alcohol is my inclination to text my ex when I’m drunk. I have the urge to express my feelings, but I also need plausible deniability in case my embarrassing overtures are rebuffed. Assume the drunk text is “xoxo”, for “hugs and kisses”. I ...
27,319
Drunk Vigenère Description: One of the most well-known and classic methods of encryption is the Vigenère cipher. Given a message and key of equal length, all you need to do to encrypt the message is shift each character forward by a certain number of characters in the alphabet. For example, if your st...
27,320
Dry Ice Cream Description: Dino loves ice cream. In case he ever run out of ice cream at his office, he keeps a stash of dry ice in order to quickly make new ice cream. His recipe for making ice cream includes exactly $T$ liters of dry ice. Unfortunately, he has no marked containers in his office. ...
27,321
Država Description: A distant country has $N$ cities in it. The elections were just held in this country, so the new prime minister was elected. Currently, there is not a single road in this country, so the prime minister decided to modernize the country by connecting some cities with two-way highways ...
27,322
Dual Divisibility Description: Given two positive integers $a$ and $b$ with the same number of digits, compute the number of divisors of $a$ that have $b$ as a divisor. ## Input The first and only line contains the integers $a$ and $b$ ($1 \le b \le a \le 10^{18}$). ## Output Output the number of divisors ...
27,323
Duck Journey Description: In the local park, there are $N$ ponds, numbered from $1$ to $N$, connected by $M$ channels. The duck Anita has accidentally ended up in a mud puddle, and now all of her $31$ feathers are muddy! Anita is currently in pond $A$, and she wants to get to pond $B$. On the way there...
27,324
Duck Pond Description: Suppose there are $n$ ducks floating on the pond in a circle. The pond is also home for an alligator with a fondness for ducks. Beginning at a particular position (duck number 1) the alligator counts around the circle and eats every $m$th duck (the circle closing as ducks are...
27,325
Duel of Cards Description: Alice and Bob are playing a card game. There are $2n$ cards uniquely numbered from $1$ to $2n$. The cards are shuffled and dealt to the two players so that each player gets $n$ cards. Each player then arranges the cards they get into a deck in any order that they ...
27,326
Dugovi Description: In a little town called Križ live $N$ people. Each of them has borrowed some money from exactly one other inhabitant. Now the time has come to pay back all the debts, but the problem is that everybody has spent all of their money! The major of Križ has decided to solve this problem. Th...
27,327
Dungeon Crawler Description: Two of the dungeon rooms are special. One of these rooms contains a protective idol known as the “helix key.” A different room contains a nasty “dome trap,” which prevents the player from moving once activated. Entering the room with the trap before acquiring the key will r...
27,328
Dungeon Dawdler Description: Oh no! The wicked wizard Nocoproco has captured you and locked you into his dungeon, from which there is no escape. Looks like you will be here for a while, so you might as well make good use of the time and scout out the place. Fortunately, there are no monsters lurking ab...
27,329
Dungeon master Description: You are trapped in a 3D dungeon and need to find the quickest way out! The dungeon is composed of unit cubes which may or may not be filled with rock. It takes one minute to move one unit north, south, east, west, up or down. You cannot move diagonally and the maze is surrou...
27,330
Dunglish Description: Given a sentence in Dutch and a dictionary containing both correct translations as well as phonetic (incorrect) translations of individual words, find the translation of the sentence and indicate whether it is correct, or in case there is more than one find the total number of cor...
27,331
Dutch Democracy Description: The process of forming the Dutch government has taken more than half a year for three elections in a row. Perhaps we can streamline the initial stages of coalition building? The first step after the election results is to find a group of parties (called a coalition) with enoug...
27,332
Dvaput Description: Ivana won the bet (Zvonko hadn’t foreseen this and suspects that it is due to outside interference) and now Zvonko is waiting for her at the movies. While he is waiting, he is observing messages on a screen above him. As Ivana is running late, Zvonko has been looking at the screen ...
27,333
Dvoniz Description: We say that a sequence of $2K$ elements is interesting if neither the sum of the first $K$ elements, nor the sum of the last $K$ elements, is greater than $S$. A sequence $A$ of length $N$ is given. For every element, output the length of the longest interesting subsequence ...
27,334
Dyslectionary Description: Have you ever been uncertain how to spell a word? If you ask someone, they will sometimes just tell you to look it up, and that’s fine if you know how the word starts. However, it’s not much help if you only feel certain about how the word ends. To help give a equal treatment...
27,335
Dyson Circle Description: A Dyson Sphere is a theoretical construction around the sun or another star, that captures the entire energy output of the star. Science fiction writers have speculated that advanced civilizations will eventually build such a sphere, as the energy demands of such a society con...
27,336
Déjà vu Description: You have $n$ objects that you like. The $i$-th object gives you a happiness rating $H_ i$ when you bring it with you. However, you can only bring exactly $k$ out of those $n$ objects for your upcoming holiday (due to baggage/airline limitation, etc). Which objects should you take? ....
27,337
ETA Description: You want to design a level for a computer game. The level can be described as a connected undirected graph with vertices numbered from $1$ to $n$. In the game, the player’s character is dropped at one of the $n$ vertices uniformly at random and their goal is to reach the exit locat...
27,338
Early Orders Description: You are given a list of integers $x_1, x_2, \ldots , x_ n$ and a number $k$. It is guaranteed that each $i$ from $1$ to $k$ appears in the list at least once. Find the lexicographically smallest subsequence of $x$ that contains each integer from $1$ to $k$ exactly onc...
27,339
Early Termination Description: You are given non-negative integers $a, b, k$ and are to implement Euclid’s algorithm with inputs $a, b$ but terminate it as soon as $a, b \leq \sqrt{k}$. ## Input The first and only line of input contains non-negative integers $a, b, k \leq 10^{18}$ separated by a spac...
27,340
Early Winter Description: Yraglac really hates early winter. So he was greatly annoyed when it snowed early this year. His friend however claimed that summer is always too short in Galcary so there’s nothing to complain about. Yraglac doesn’t believe his friend. So he decides to look up the historical...
27,341
Easter Eggs Description: Easter is here again, and as usual, the Easter Bunny has more things on his mind than a gnu balancing a dish of exotic fruits on its head. As you know, one of the Easter Bunny’s tasks is to bring easter eggs containing a nourishing assortment of carrots and sweets to all the go...
27,342
Easter Eggs Description: Easter is coming and the Easter Bunny decided to organise a chocolate egg hunt for the children. He will hide two types of eggs: blue milk chocolate and red dark chocolate. In the field there are some redberry and some blueberry plants where the Easter Bunny could hide the eggs...
27,343
Easter Holidays Description: Scandinavians often make vacation during the Easter holidays in the largest ski resort Åre. Åre provides fantastic ski conditions, many ski lifts and slopes of various difficulty profiles. However, some lifts go faster than others, and some are so popular that a queue forms...
27,344
Easy Arithmetic Description: Harry is now a third-year student at Hogwarts School of Witchcraft and Wizardry. Contrary to popular belief, arithmetic (known as Arithmancy in the wizard world) is crucial to becoming a powerful wizard. For today’s Arithmancy homework, Harry is given a super long expressi...
27,345
Easy Climb Description: To do so, we will model the mountain as follows: the mountain consists of $n$ adjacent stacks of stones, and the $i$’th of these stacks has height $h_ i$. The successive height differences are therefore $h_{i+1}-h_ i$ (for $1\le i\le n-1$). We would like all absolute values ...
27,346
Easy Multiplication Description: Members of the Modern Arithmetic Puzzle Society (MAPS) love to multiply numbers together using long multiplication. One of the members of MAPS, Molly, observed that multiplying two integers in this way is much easier when their base-$b$ representations have few nonz...
27,347
Easy Probability Description: As a Hunter, you will undoubtedly face difficult obstacles during your journey. At such time, a Hunter is expected to model the situation using Mathematical models, and apply probability and statistics knowledge to overcome the situation. Thus, the third round of the Hunt...
27,348
Easy Query Description: You are given an array $a$ with $n$ integers $a_{1}, a_{2}, \ldots , a_{n}$. You need to answer $q$ queries. In each query, you are given $4$ integers $\ell $, $r$, $u$ and $v$ $(1 \le \ell \le r \le n, 1 \le u \le v \le r-\ell +1)$: * Consider the sub-array of $a$ from index $\ell $ ...
27,349
Eating Everything Efficiently Description: Margriet A. is in pizza heaven! She has bought a one-day access pass to Pizza World. Pizza World is a food festival, where all stands have their own special type of pizza. Margriet would really like to try many different types of pizza, but she thinks that she...
27,350
Eating Out Description: Alice, Bob, and Clara are eating at a new restaurant today. They’re having trouble deciding what to order, so Alice proposes that they each pick some items from the menu, and then they will order the items that everyone picked. The menu has $m$ items, and Alice, Bob, and Cla...
27,351
Eavesdropper Evasion Description: Alice wants to send $n$ messages to Bob over a communication channel. The $i$th message takes $t_ i$ time steps to send. At each integer time step, Alice can start sending any number of her messages. Once started, a message must be transmitted in its entirety (it canno...
27,352
Eb Alto Saxophone Player Description: My fingers move a lot when playing some music, and I’m quite interested in how many times each finger presses a button. Assume that the music is composed of only $14$ different notes. They are: C D E F G A B in one octave and C D E F G A B in a higher octave. We ...
27,353
Ebony and Ivory Description: Piano fingering describes the process of assigning fingers of a hand to keys on the piano when playing a musical passage. Although professional musicians consider piano fingering an art rather than a science, students often search for finger assignments that make them easie...
27,354
Eccentric Excursion Description: Eddy is planning a cross-country trip across $n$ different cities. There are $n-1$ roads connecting the cities. Each road connects two cities and is bidirectional. The roads are laid out such that it is possible to travel between any two cities using only roads. Eddy w...
27,355
Echo Echo Echo Description: If you have ever visited a canyon or a cave, you may have yelled and heard the echo of your own voice. In this problem, you should simulate that effect: Your program will be given as input a single word, and it should print out that word three times, separating the words wi...
27,356
Eco-driving Description: My colleague Elisabeth is lazy, both at work and when going to work. She never wants to do more than necessary, which also applies to her journey to work. Her goal is to use a minimum amount of energy, which she achieves by braking and accelerating as little as possible. This m...
27,357
Economic Inequality Description: There is an event involving $N$ banks and $M$ stakeholders, where Bob is stakeholder 1. The banks are giving money to the stakeholders, where bank $i$ needs to give out a total of $A_ i$ dollars, and each bank can give each person at most $K$ dollars, to mitigate ...
27,358
Economical Coverage Description: Providing wireless network coverage for a large office can be tricky. In this problem you are asked to set up wireless network coverage for an entire office floor plan. The floor plan can be viewed as an $N\times M$ grid. Each grid cell represents a single office. Each ...
27,359
Edge Removal Description: Today Harry is studying minimum spanning trees of graphs. A minimum spanning tree of a connected, edge-weighted undirected graph is a subset of its edges that connects all its vertices together, without any cycles and with the minimum possible total edge weight. For example,...
27,360
Edit Step Ladders Description: An edit step is a transformation from one word $x$ to another word $y$ such that $x$ and $y$ are words in the dictionary, and $x$ can be transformed to $y$ by adding, deleting, or changing one letter. So the transformation from “dig” to “dog” or from “dog” to “do”...
27,361
Editing Explosion Description: Charles complains to Ada, “That Keats! So many spelling errors in this manuscript! How will I get them all fixed?” Ada responds, “I’ve got a routine in the Engine that will help you. For a given word, it considers small errors and finds all the words that are clo...
27,362
Eeny Meeny Description: Similar verses exist in most languages, such as “Ulle dulle dof” in Finnish, “Akka bakka bonka rakka” in Norwegian, and “Ole dole doff” in Swedish. Two teams are to be selected for a game and the rhyme is used to select one kid for a team at a time, alternating between the two ...
27,363
Eerie Subarrays Description: Brandon Greg Jr. considers an array to be scary if its leftmost element is the median of its elements. Given an array with distinct elements $[p_1, p_2, \ldots , p_ n]$, Brandon wants to count the number of scary subarrays. A subarray is some contiguous chunk of elements $...
27,364
Efficiency Description: Steve enjoys parties and word games. At one party, he challenges his friends to play a new word game that he invented. In Steve’s game, there are four words: “Efficiency”, “Unbreaking”, “Silk”, and “Touch”. There are $P$ players playing the game. At a given $N^{th}$ ro...
27,365
Efficient Bus Routing Description: In the country of Optopia, they do everything as optimal as possible, and everything inside of Optopia has been designed with this in mind. For example, in order to guarantee that GPS route planners are always optimal, the road network of Optopia has been designed suc...
27,366
Efficient Exchange Description: You have recently acquired a new job at the Bank for Acquiring Peculiar Currencies. Here people can make payments, and deposit or withdraw money in all kinds of strange currencies. At your first day on the job you help a customer from Nijmegia, a small insignificant coun...
27,367
Egypt Description: A long time ago, the Egyptians figured out that a triangle with sides of length $3$, $4$, and $5$ had a right angle as its largest angle. You must determine if other triangles have a similar property. ## Input Input represents several test cases (at most $1\, 000$), followed by a l...
27,368
Eidam-Sand Lair Description: In your base you have dug through sand and rock to construct a deep pit with stairs and a lift. The pit goes very deep into the ground where on various floors you leave equipment and on the deepest levels you leave cheeses to age, particularly Eidam. You often take a stroll...
27,369
Eight Queens Description: In the game of chess, the queen is a powerful piece. It can attack by moving any number of spaces in its current row, in its column or diagonally. In the eight queens puzzle, eight queens must be placed on a standard $8 \times 8$ chess board so that no queen can attack anothe...
27,370
Eiginnöfn Description: Most Icelanders have either one or two given names. Those that have two given names are usually addressed only with their former given name, but not the latter. The parents of those people sometimes react quite harshly when this happens. When Arnar’s parents were asked whether Ar...
27,371
Eilíf æska Description: Hildur enjoys mixing drinks and has now created the drink eternal youth. She poured the drink into a few glasses and intends to share it with some friends. After having poured into the glasses she noticed there isn’t an equal amount between all the glasses. To make sure everythi...
27,372
Eindahraðall Description: A particle accelerator is being built in Iceland. The accelerator is $N$ Planck lengths in length and is circular. An experiment is planned where two particles should collide. At the start, an electron is placed inside the circular accelerator and the magnets then start to...
27,373
Einfalt Dæmi! Description: Hey, to help you get going we’ve decided to give you one very simple problem! The only thing you need to do is read one integer $N$ and print $N!$ Wow, it couldn’t be simpler! ## Scoring The solution will be tested on input data of varying difficulty and the data is divide...
27,374
Einfasa Eindahraðall Description: As was covered in the last contest, an Icelandic particle accelerator has been built. Since last time the accelerator has been converted to use single phase power, since according to some electrical engineer the other phases were interfering with measurements. The tin ...
27,375
Einkunnir Description: Karen has to review the multiple choice exams some students turned in. For each question there is exactly one correct answer. Each question is worth equally much in terms of the grade and there is no penalty for wrong answers. Karen doesn’t enjoy going over this by hand and has t...
27,376
Einvígi Description: Tómas is a great fan of war games. His favorite game these days is Einvígi margra. In the game two players battle one another. Each battle consists of a series of duels. Tómas has $n$ soldiers, each denoted by a strength $a_i$. Tómas’ opponent also has $n$ soldiers, each denot...
27,377
Ekki dauði opna inni Description: ## Input The input consists of two lines. Each contains at most $2100$ characters and the character “|” denotes where Ketill starts writing on a new line. ## Output One line containing the writing of Ketill written from left to right. ## Scoring Group Points Con...
27,378
Ekki minn forseti Description: In Iceland it is impossible for a candidate with a lower amount of votes to win against the candidate with the most votes. Even though our electoral system is not susceptible to this flaw in particular, it is hardly perfect. In Iceland’s electoral system, a voter simply c...
27,379
Eko Description: Lumberjack Mirko needs to chop down $M$ metres of wood. It is an easy job for him since he has a nifty new woodcutting machine that can take down forests like wildfire. However, Mirko is only allowed to cut a single row of trees. Mirko’s machine works as follows: Mirko sets a height p...
27,380
Eksplozija Description: Mirko likes to play with strings of characters, but this time he has taken it too far – he put an “explosion” in the string! An explosion is a series of characters which, if found in the vicinity of fire, explodes and starts a chain reaction. Mirko, being as negligent as he usu...
27,381
Elapid Errands Description: Carl the snake is in his burrow at the point $(0,0)$ in an infinite plane. He wants to visit the points $(x_1, y_1), (x_2, y_2), \dots , (x_N, y_N)$. These points must be visited in the order they are given, and Carl must end up at the point $(x_N, y_N)$. In one move, he...
27,382
Elder Scrollbar Description: When the first scrollbars appeared on resizable windows during user interface development in the Elder Days, computer graphics were still primitive. Widgets were made with ASCII symbols and text was monospaced. A window displayed a viewport: a part of a much longer text, ad...
27,383
Eldspýtur Description: ## Input The input is a single line containing two integers $n$ and $k$, the number of matches at the start of the game and the maximum number of matches one may remove in a single move. ## Output Print Jebb if Benni is willing to play, print Neibb otherwise. ## Scoring Grou...
27,384
Election Description: Reports from the voting stations are starting to trickle in and you hope that you can soon declare a victory. There are $N$ voters and everyone votes for one of the two candidates (there are no spoiled ballots). In order to win, a candidate needs more than half of the votes. A ce...
27,385
Election Description: Canada has a multi-party system of government. Each candidate is generally associated with a party, and the party whose candidates win the most ridings generally forms the government. Some candidates run as independents, meaning they are not associated with any party. Your job is ...
27,386
Election Paradox Description: In Oddland, the leader of the country is determined by a democratic election. The country is divided into an odd number of regions, in which each region has an odd number of voters. There are two (an even number!) political parties in Oddland, and the winning party is the...
27,387
Election Security Description: Elections Canada has decided to add a security code at the bottom of each of its ballots to help distinguish valid ballots from invalid (fraudulent) ballots. These codes must differ from region to region, and election officials in each region have been given the responsib...
27,388
Electrical Outlets Description: Roy likes to watch TV as he works on his computer, and to listen to his HiFi system (on high volume) while he vacuums, so using just the single outlet is not an option. Actually, he wants to have all his appliances connected to a powered outlet, all the time. The answer,...
27,389
Electronic Components Description: Sara is doing her summer internship at NCPC (Never Crashing Personal Computers). One day, a rare creature appeared in the office: an algorithmic problem! The company has a machine that places electronic components on circuit boards. Normally, it would do this one compone...
27,390
Elegant Showroom Description: A car showroom is one of the few places where cars can be found indoors. Showrooms often have many cars, even above ground level! As cars are sold and new cars are bought in to sell, the cars must be moved carefully out of the showroom. Clearly employees only wish to move car...
27,391
Elementary Math Description: Ellen has already chosen the $n$ pairs of numbers. All that remains is to decide for each pair which of the three possible operations the students should perform. To avoid students getting bored, Ellen wants to make sure that the $n$ correct answers to her exam are all diff...
27,392
Elevated Rails Description: Brandon and Geoffry like trains! They have been tasked with building a network of rails connecting $n$ train stations. Each of the stations is on one of three islands, and each island has at least one station on it. Brandon has been working hard to establish connections bet...
27,393
Elevating the Prank Description: After Loke beat you in last week’s programming competition you want play a prank on him. You both live in the same student apartment and in order to get from floor $A$ to floor $B$, Loke (who is very lazy) of course wants to take the elevator. You want him to suffer as long...
27,394
Elevator Pitch Description: You are in charge of ensuring all building designs meet accessibility requirements. As law dictates, every part of your building should be reachable for wheelchair users, which means elevators will have to be installed. You are given the blueprints of the company’s current p...
27,395
Elevator Trouble Description: You are on your way to your first job interview as a program tester, and you are already late. The interview is in a skyscraper and you are currently in floor $s$, where you see an elevator. Upon entering the elvator, you learn that it has only two buttons, marked “UP $u$”...
27,396
Eligibility Description: Every year, students across the world participate in the ACM ICPC1. In order to participate in this contest, a student must be eligible to compete. In this problem, you will be given information about students and you will write a program to determine their eligibility to p...
27,397
Ellipse Eclipse Description: An Ellipse is a 2D geometric figure. It consists of the set of all points such that the sum of the distance from each point to two specific points is constant. The two specific points are called the Foci of the ellipse. The Major Axis of an ellipse is the diameter of the ...
27,398
Elliptic Curve Addition Description: Let $p$ be a prime and $a,b\in \mathbb {F}_p$ such that $4a^3 + 27b^2 \not\equiv 0 \pmod{p}$. Let $P=(x_1,y_1)$ and $Q=(x_2,y_2)$ be two points on the elliptic curve $E : y^2 = x^3+ax+b$. Calcuate $P \oplus Q$ given $p, a, b, x_1, y_1, x_2$ and $y_2$. #...
27,399