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No part of the body reflects the complications of cancer chemotherapy as visibly and vividly as the mouth. The hemorrhagic, infectious, nutritional, cytotoxic, and neurologic signs of drug toxicity are registered in the mouth by changes in the color, character, and continuity of the mucosa. Although some of the complic... | US |
Two days after an unplanned extra-capsular cataract extraction with sector iridectomy, a patient showed typical signs of bacterial endophthalmitis. Vitreous and aqueous were aspirated for culture, and gentamicin and dexamethasone were injected. Twenty-four hours later, after isolation of Staphylococcus epidermidis, a v... | US |
The authors studied 109 consecutive admissions to an acute psychiatric unit in a general hospital to determine the relationship of specific sensorimotor impairments to cognitive disturbance. The results indicated a strong but not exclusive correlation between neurological impairment and thought disorder as well as betw... | US |
The authors describe an effort to develop criteria for utilization review of treatment for suicide attempters. Explicit criteria proposed by a panel of experts as essential determinants for hospitalization of these patients were compared with actual clinical practice. It was found that according to the experts' criteri... | US |
The differential synthesis rate of ribosomal protein (r-protein), alpha-r (synthesis rate of r-protein divided by synthesis rate of total protein), was measured during the cell division cycle. It was observed that alpha-r remained essentially constant and was not measurably affected by duplication of the r-protein gene... | US |
Cells of many kinds adhere firmly to glass or plastic surfaces which have been pretreated with polylysine. The attachment takes place as soon as the cells make contact with the surfaces, and the flattening of the cells against the surfaces is quite rapid. Cells which do not normally adhere to solid surfaces, such as se... | US |
The effect of hypothalamic deafferentation upon levels of LH-RH in brain, cerebrospinal fluid, and plasma was studied in adult male rats. Deafferentation produced a significant increase in the LH-RH concentration of third ventricular CSF (from 140.6 to 343.9 pg/microl), while there was no change in median eminence or h... | US |
Sudden injections of boluses containing both 131I-albumin and 24NaCl were made into the coronary artery inflow of isolated blood-perfused dog hearts. Indicator dilution curves were recorded using gamma emissions from both the intact heart and the coronary sinus outflow, with plasma flows, Fs, ranging from 0.3 to 1.8 ml... | US |
Indicator dilution experiments were done to determine the extraction of 85Sr during a single passage through capillaries of the tibial diaphysis. Extraction was estimated by injection of 85SrCl2 and a nonpermeant, reference tracer, T-1824-labeled albumin, into the nutrient artery and recording of the effluent venous di... | US |
The synthesis of bulk ribosomal protein (r-protein) after a nutritional shift-up in Escherichia coli B/r was examined. It was found that the molar ratio of the net synthesis rates of 30S and 50S r-protein remains constant during the transition period after the shift-up and equal to the preshift ratio. The implications ... | US |
By analysing the kinetics of beta-galactosidase accumulation after induction, the synthesis time of beta-galactosidase in Escherichia coli B/r was found to be 75s in rapidly growing cells (1.36 and 2.1 doublings/h), and 90s in slowly growing cells (0.63 doubling/h). These values correspond to peptide-chain-elongation r... | US |
Cells from most patients with xeroderma pigmentosum (XP) can be shown to be defective in repairing ultraviolet (UV) light-induced damage to their DNA, for they have a reduced rate of UV-induced thymidine incorporation. XP variants, however, have clinical manifestations of XP, but all their tissues tested to date have ... | US |
Employing mercaptoethylamine as a reducing agent, it was demonstrated by analytical ultracentrifugation and polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis that polymeric immunoglobulin A (IgA) was reduced to a 10 S dimer and 7 S monomer, and that dimer IgA was more resistant to reductive cleavage than the higher polymers. When dim... | US |
The present investigation has compared the influences of phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) and heat-killed bacteria (HKB) on oxygen consumption and glucose oxidation by polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) from carriers of sex-linked chronic granulomatous disease (CGD). PMA or HKB caused neutrophils from CGD carriers, cons... | US |
Tetraphenylborate-induced current transients were studied in lipid bilayers formed from bacterial phosphatidylethanolamine in decane. This ion movement was essentially confined to the membrane in terior during the current transients. Charge movement through the interior of the membrane during the current transients was... | US |
Because some baboons repeatedly infused with somatostatin died we reviewed available autopsy material. All six animals chronically treated with somatostatin displayed gross or microscopical pulmonary hemorrhage and increased hemosiderin in lung and liver whereas only one of six untreated animals had a similar abnormali... | US |
Preliminary evidence has suggested that somatostatin might interfere with platelet function in the baboon. Because this agent is currently being administered experimentally to human beings, we studied its effect on coagulation and platelet function in man. In five subjects, a four-hour infusion of somatostatin (500 mic... | US |
Trisegmentectomy, extended right hepatic lobectomy, is the removal of the true right lobe of the liver in continuity with most or all of the medial segment of the left lobe. Some important features of the operation have not been well described previously. To perform trisegmentectomy safely, a fusion of liver tissue cov... | US |
Xeroderma pigmentosum (XP) is an autosomal recessive disease with tumor formation on sun-exposed areas of the skin and eyes. Cells from most XP patients are deficient in repairing DNA damaged by ultraviolet (UV) light as shown by a reduced rate of tritiated thymidine (3HTdR) incorporation during their DNA repair synthe... | US |
The maximal rates of the protein kinase (ATP: protein phosphotransferase, EC 2.7.1.37) reaction studied with chicken egg yolk phosvitin as substrate are dependent on the level of dephosphorylation of phosvitin. 30 per cent dephospho-phosvitin gives the optimal initial rates. With varying levels of dephosphorylation, th... | US |
The interaction of a soluble homogeneous preparation of D-beta-hydroxybutyrate apodehydrogenase with phospholipid was studied in terms of restoration of enzymic activity and complex formation. The purified apoenzyme, which is devoid of lipid, is inactive. It is reactivated specifically by the addition of lecithin or mi... | US |
Haemodynamic problems of ocular circulation are discussed with regard to blood pressure measurment in the eye, giving information about the blood circulation of the internal carotid artery. Investigations on the choroidal and retinal circulations show that, between these two tissue layers, the movement of extravascular... | United Kingdom |
Caesarean section in a poor-risk patient treated intensively before and after operation is described. The operation was carried out when the patient was in diabetic coma with metabolic acidosis, electrolyte disturbances and low arterial blood pressure. Anaesthesia was conducted using ketamine with nitrous oxide and oxy... | United Kingdom |
A medium for detecting colonies of Actinomyces viscosus and Actinomyces naeslundii in dental plaque samples was developed. The medium (CNAC-20) contains 20.0 mug of 3CdSO4-8H2O per ml of Columbia CNA agar base. Laboratory strains of A. viscosus grew on CNAC-20 in characteristic round, white, smooth, opaque colonies. In... | US |
The acute influence of portal blood hepatotrophyic factors upon the canine liver and upon hepatic regeneration was studied after surgical operations which provided qualitatively different portal venous perfusion to the right and left liver lobes. With one such procedure called splanchnic division, the nutrient rich ven... | US |
Asynchronous human lymphoma cells treated for 1 hour with increasing concentrations of cis-dichlorodiammineplatinum(II) revealed a marked decrease in survival as estimated by the colony-forming technique. When the treatmentwas extended for 8 hours at a concentration of 5micrograms/ml, a killing effect (greater than 3 l... | US |
From venous tracer-dilution curves recorded after 36 pulse injections of 42KCl and 131I-labeled albumin into the coronary artery inflow of 15 isolated canine heart preparations, we calculated maximal fractional extractions (Emax) and capillary permeability-surface area products (PScap) for 42K+ over a range of plasma f... | US |
Intracisternal administration of 200 mug of 5,7-dihydroxytryptamine (5,7-DHT) caused a prolonged reduction of brain serotonin which was accompanied by a depletion of brain norepinephrine. The depletion of norepinephrine was found to be antagonized by agents that inhibit uptake of norepinephrine as well as by several mo... | US |
A collaborative study was undertaken to determine the relationship between the three DNA repair complementation groups in xeroderma pigmentosum found at Erasmus University, Rotterdam, and the four groups found at the National Institutes of Health, Bethesda. The results of this study reveal that there are five currently... | US |
A method proposed by MacMahon for the differentiation between familial and environmental causes for disease has recently been applied to demonstrate an environmental etiology for Hodgkin's disease. It is shown that the method, which depends on the comparison of time-of-onset differences with age-at-onset differences fo... | US |
A unique variant of Darier disease is described in which a patient was disabled by large, painful, cutaneous horns present on all extremities. The cornified lesions were distinguished by the presence of numerous corps ronds in the basal portion of the greatly hyperkeratotic stratum corneum, hypertrophic dermal villi co... | US |
A case of severe cornifying Darier disease (keratosis follicularis) was successfully treated by deep dermal excision of diseased skin and subsequent dermabrasion, resulting in a remission lasting more than four years to date. Persistent loss of the papillary dermis was observed in the surgically treated, disease-free a... | US |
Bovine free secretory component was purified from whey by salt precipitation, gel filtration, DEAE-cellulose and phosphocellulose chromatography, and immunoadsorption. It was obtained in immunologically pure form and in 56% yield. The Stokes radius of pure free secretory component was found to be 4.3 nm by gel filtrati... | US |
Protein phosphokinase activities of nucleolar and extra-nucleolar compartments of rat ventral prostate nuclei were measured using the model acidic phosphoprotein, dephosphophosvitin, as substrate. Following orchiectomy, the activity in both of these fractions declined; however, the kinase activity of the nucleolus decr... | US |
Silver-staining of immunoprecipitates extends the sensitivity of the radial immunodiffusion assay by tenfold. This modification permits the quantification of apolipoproteins A-I, A-II, C, and E at levels of 0.2-1.0 mg/dl in plasma samples at a sensitivity threshold of 10 ng. The silver-enhanced radial immunodiffusion m... | US |
The objective of this study was to investigate how a conformational change in lipoprotein lipase (LPL) affects its molecular functions. Monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) were raised against purified bovine milk lipoprotein lipase. MAb 5D2 bound to human and bovine LPL both before and after denaturation of LPL. MAb 5F9 also ... | US |
Monoclonal antibodies (mAb) utilized in regeneration studies to date identify antigens that are up-regulated in the blastema. We obtained a monoclonal antibody, designated ST1 (Stump 1), that is reactive to an extracellular matrix (ECM) antigen exhibiting the opposite distribution; ST1 is an abundant antigen of the lim... | US |
We analysed the antigenic properties of human cytomegalovirus (CMV) glycoprotein B (gB) by constructing a set of deletion derivatives lacking different portions of the carboxy terminus and reacting them with a panel of monoclonal antibodies with neutralizing activity. We found that two novel antigenic domains that bind... | US |
In zebra finches, only males sing, and the neural regions controlling song exhibit prominent, hormone-induced sex differences in neuron number. In order to understand how sexual differentiation regulates neuron number within one song nucleus, the lateral magnocellular nucleus of the anterior neostriatum (IMAN), we stud... | US |
Synthetic analogues of the iron-bleomycins, namely [Fe(PMA)]2+ and [Fe(PMA)]+, have been studied as oxotransfer agents. Oxygen transfer has been observed using iodosobenzene (PhIO), hydrogen peroxide, and dioxygen as oxygen sources. The primary substrates were cis- and trans-stilbene. The products were determined to be... | US |
Binding of DL-alpha-[3H]amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-isoxazole-4-propionic acid ([3H]AMPA) to lysed rat brain membranes in the presence of potassium thiocyanate resulted in curvilinear Scatchard plots that could be resolved by regression analysis into a large low-affinity component and a small high-affinity component. Solu... | US |
The aim of the study was to test whether the synthesis of substance P (SP) and that of its receptor (also known as NK1 receptor) are coordinately regulated after chronic pharmacologic intervention in two neural systems, the spinal cord and basal ganglia. In one set of experiments, capsaicin was administered subcutaneou... | US |
The sensitivity of sensory neurons to target cell denervation varies in the CNS. We have examined the effects of surgically interrupting the output axons of the first optic neuropil, or lamina, in the optic lobe of the fly (Musca domestica), upon the receptor terminal inputs to the lamina. Two of the output interneuron... | US |
If one end of a segment of peripheral nerve is inserted into the brain or spinal cord, neuronal perikarya in the vicinity of the graft tip can be labelled with retrogradely transported tracers applied to the distal end of the graft several weeks later, showing that CNS axons can regenerate into and along such grafts. W... | United Kingdom |
1. To perform simulations of the various modes of action potential generation in thalamic relay neurons, we developed Hodgkin-and-Huxley style mathematical equations that describe the voltage dependence and kinetics of activation and inactivation of four different currents, including the transient, low-voltage-activate... | US |
Neurons of the medial pontine reticular formation (mPRF) are involved in the execution of numerous behaviors including initiation of locomotion, eye movements, startle responses, and rapid eye movement sleep phenomena. Approximately half of the afferent projections to mPRF neurons come from within the reticular formati... | US |
The degree of parallel processing in frontal cortex-basal ganglia circuits is a central and debated issue in research on the basal ganglia. To approach this issue directly, we analyzed and compared the corticostriatal projections of two principal oculomotor areas of the frontal lobes, the frontal eye field (FEF) and th... | US |
Responses to cytokines entail synthesis of substances rich in cysteine and glycine, such as glutathione (GSH), metallothionein and some plasma proteins. To examine the importance of an adequate supply of cysteine and glycine, we fed rats a low protein diet supplemented with L-cysteine and glycine, separately or in comb... | United Kingdom |
The effect of prenatal protein malnutrition on central serotonin metabolism was assessed in 220- to 240-d-old male rats. The malnourished rats (denoted 6,25 group) were males born to dams fed a 6% casein diet during pregnancy and fostered at birth to dams fed a control (25% casein) diet. They were compared with males b... | US |
The effects of vitamin A nutritional status on the levels of expression of retinoic acid nuclear receptors (RAR), and the retinoic acid-responsive gene, tissue transglutaminase, were determined in rats. Weanling male Sprague-Dawley rats fed a vitamin A-deficient diet for approximately 7 wk developed vitamin A deficienc... | US |
The effects of gastric acid antisecretory agents prostaglandins E2, I2 (PGE2, PGI2) and somatostatin on pentagastrin-stimulated gastric histamine and N tau-methyl histamine secretory rates were examined in anesthetized mixed breed dogs. We infused two gastric acid antisecretory doses of PGE2 and PGI2 to test the effect... | US |
Thirty-five Helicobacter pylori isolates, 21 H. mustelae isolates and four strains of H. felis were compared for their ability to agglutinate red blood cells (RBCs). Isolates were examined in a slide haemagglutination assay with RBCs from 11 animal species, including rodents, carnivores and primates, as well as man. RB... | US |
The effects of purified Pseudomonas cepacia lipase on rat pulmonary alveolar function and morphology were examined. Lipase (2.5-20 micrograms/ml) adversely effected the phagocytic function of rat pulmonary alveolar macrophages in a dose-dependent manner. The lipase itself was not directly cytotoxic to these cells. Alve... | US |
In order to utilize 19F nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) to probe the solution structure of Escherichia coli tRNAVal labeled by incorporation of 5-fluorouracil, we have assigned its 19F spectrum. We describe here assignments made by examining the spectra of a series of tRNAVal mutants with nucleotide substitutions for ... | US |
To complete assignment of the 19F nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectrum of 5-fluorouracil-substituted Escherichia coli tRNA(Val), resonances from 5-fluorouracil residues involved in tertiary interactions have been identified. Because these assignments could not be made directly by the base-replacement method used t... | US |
In a proliferating tumor, locally secreted polypeptide growth factors, which have autocrine and paracrine functions, induce vascularization essential for tumor growth and metastasis. These growth factors may serve as targets for tumor therapy. We have shown that the heparinoid pentosan polysulfate (PPS) can block growt... | US |
Using a quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) we have investigated the expression of the neurotrophin receptors p75NGFR, trkA, and trkB mRNAs in cultures of rat pup type I astrocytes and in the C6 rat glioma cell line. All three neurotrophin receptor mRNAs are expressed in both C6 cells ... | US |
The rat substance P (SP) receptor cDNA has been transfected into cultured rat KNRK cells, and a stable cell line expressing functional SP receptors established. Upon stimulation with SP, these cells responded by simultaneously activating two signaling pathways: the mobilization of intracellular Ca2+ and the raising of ... | US |
The SJL mouse strain is resistant to infection by some strains of the murine coronavirus mouse hepatitis virus (MHV), such as JHM and A59. The block to virus infection has been variously attributed to defects in virus receptors or virus spread. Since the cellular receptors for MHV, mmCGM1 and mmCGM2, have recently been... | US |
The major capsid (CA) protein of retroviruses possesses a stretch of 20 amino acids, called the major homology region (MHR), which is evolutionarily conserved and invariant in location within the primary sequence of the protein. The function of this region was investigated by examining the effect of random single-amino... | US |
The expression of Marek's disease virus (MDV) transcripts and protein products was investigated in reticuloendotheliosis virus-transformed avian T-lymphoblastoid cell line RECC-CU91, which was superinfected with MDV. The presence of MDV in the superinfected cell line, renamed RECC-CU210, was demonstrated by Southern hy... | US |
It has been reported that loss of the tumorigenic potential of attenuated Marek's disease virus (MDV) is strongly associated with amplification of the 132-bp repeat sequences found within the BamHI-D and BamHI-H fragments contained within the long terminal repeat and the long internal repeat, respectively. The expansio... | US |
Temperature-sensitive mutants of the lck tyrosine protein kinase were created by the introduction of mutations known to cause temperature sensitivity of the v-src tyrosine protein kinase of Rous sarcoma virus. p56lck activated by mutation of the regulatory site of tyrosine phosphorylation, Tyr-505, to Phe transforms fi... | US |
Like most coronaviruses, the coronavirus mouse hepatitis virus (MHV) exhibits strong species specificity, causing natural infection only in mice. MHV-A59 virions use as a receptor a 110- to 120-kDa glycoprotein (MHVR) in the carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) family of glycoproteins (G. S. Dveksler, M. N. Pensiero, C. B. C... | US |
Using BspMI cassette vectors, we have constructed a series of mutations in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) reverse transcriptase (RT) that cause specific amino acid substitutions within the polymerase domain. The RNA-dependent DNA polymerase, DNA-dependent DNA polymerase, and RNase H activities of the mutan... | US |
A Glu-89-->Gly alteration in the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 reverse transcriptase (RT) was previously shown to result in resistance to several dideoxynucleoside analogs and to phosphonoformic acid (PFA; foscarnet). This residue was altered to Ala, Val, Ser, Thr, Gln, Asp, Asn, or Lys, and the ddGTP and PFA sen... | US |
Several mechanisms, including a high mutation rate and reassortment of genes, have been found to be responsible for the variability of influenza A viruses. RNA recombination would be another mechanism leading to genetic variation; however, recombination has only rarely been reported to occur in influenza viruses. Durin... | US |
We isolated, purified, and characterized the hemagglutinin-neuraminidase (HN) of human parainfluenza virus type 1, with the ultimate goal of producing crystals suitable for three-dimensional X-ray structure analysis. Pronase was used to cleave the globular head of the HN molecule directly from virus particles, forming ... | US |
Nonbacterial prostatitis is often difficult to differentiate from other prostatic complaints and remains a vaguely characterized syndrome. Prostatic fluid inflammatory cells and elevated immunoglobulins raise the suspicion that this syndrome is caused by some undetected infection. Prostatic fluid antibodies against Chl... | US |
Visceral glomerular epithelial cells (GEC) are an important component of the glomerular filtration barrier to proteins. While ultrastructural GEC changes have frequently been observed in proteinuric states, no suitable light microscopic markers of GEC injury have yet been identified. | US |
Blood vessels supplying tumors are hyperpermeable to macromolecules, but the mechanisms responsible are poorly understood. | US |
In conscious rats, intrathecal (i.t.) administration of norepinephrine (NE) produced pressor responses, whereas i.t. epinephrine (Epi) caused depressor responses at low doses (0.1-1 microgram) and pressor responses at a higher dose (10 micrograms). Epi administered i.t. produced bradycardia; however, NE caused tachycar... | US |
Using a chemiluminescence method in the present study, we measured nitric oxide and one-electron oxidation products of nitric oxide (NOX) released from porcine coronary artery segments in response to bradykinin, ADP, and the calcium ionophore A23187. Total NOX was compared with the bioactivity of endothelium-derived re... | US |
We wished to determine whether the metabolism of arachidonic acid, through lipoxygenase and cytochrome P-450 pathways, is involved in production of endothelium-derived relaxing factor(s) (EDRFs) in canine femoral veins. Veins were removed from anesthetized dogs and cut into rings. Endothelium was deliberately removed f... | US |
A new 111Indium labeled bleomycin complex (111In-BLMC) was prepared and found to be effective for tumor imaging and therapy both in mouse glioma and human small cell lung cancer (SCLC) cells. Chromosome aberrations were studied in human SCLC cells to explore its mechanisms of killing cancer cells. SCLC cells (N417) wer... | US |
Exposure of human promyelocytic leukemic HL-60 cells to the topoisomerase I inhibitor camptothecin (CAM) triggers endonucleolytic activity and apoptotic death of these cells. The nucleolytic effect is seen 2-4 h after drug addition and is highly selective to cells progressing through S phase. Concomitant with degradati... | US |
Colony stimulating factors (CSFs) are glycoprotein hormones that regulate growth and differentiation of hematopoietic progenitor cells. Their use to stimulate granulocyte precursors during periods of neutropenia in patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is limited by their concomitant stimulation of the proliferati... | US |
Blood cell production is regulated by a complex interacting network of stem and progenitor cells, from which all the blood forming elements are derived, and the effects of cytokines which can up- or down-modulate proliferation or self-renewal of stem and progenitor cells (1,2). This report reviews in brief recent infor... | US |
To investigate age-related changes in gene expression in WI-38 cells, we isolated RNA from young and senescent, quiescent cultures and made subtracted cDNA libraries. Density-arrested cells were incubated in serum-free MCDB-104 for 3 days. RNA was then isolated and subtracted cDNA libraries were made in the phagemid ve... | US |
Effects of chronic administration of clonidine on parasympathetic-evoked saliva from both parotid and submandibular glands were investigated. Clonidine at 1 mg/kg/day for 5 or 7 days caused a significant reduction in the salivary secretion (flow rate and total volume) evoked by parasympathetic nerve stimulation of paro... | US |
The ratio of mRNA not selected for polyadenylation (non-poly(A)+ selected) to mRNA selected for polyadenylation (poly(A)+) for the beta 1, alpha 1 and gamma 2 subunits of the GABAA receptor complex was examined in rats as a function of age. RNA was extracted from whole brain of rats that were either 0, 1, 3, 5 or over ... | US |
A cDNA fragment homologous to other G protein-coupled receptors was isolated from rat brain using the PCR method and demonstrated to be abundantly expressed in striatum. Using this fragment as a probe, a 2.1 kb full-length cDNA was isolated from a rat striatal cDNA library. This cDNA encodes a protein of 410 amino acid... | US |
Quantitative solution hybridization assays were used to determine the picogram amounts of preproenkephalin mRNA (PPenk mRNA) and the microgram quanities of total rat RNA in extracts of eight brain regions from rats which had received three daily intraperitoneal injections of cocaine (10 or 30 mg/kg/day) or saline for 1... | US |
A G-protein alpha subunit was cloned from a lobster olfactory organ cDNA library and sequenced. The clone encodes an alpha i subunit based on the 80% identity its predicted amino acid sequence shares with mammalian alpha i subunits. On Northern blots of polyadenylated RNA, the clone hybridized to a 5 kb species from se... | US |
2',3'-Cyclic nucleotide 3'-phosphodiesterase (CNPase) is an enzyme associated with central nervous system myelination. Although present in the mammalian peripheral nerve, it is not clear what its role is during myelination nor how the expression of this gene is regulated in the PNS. In this study, CNPase gene expressio... | US |
By a combination of DNase I footprinting, methylation interference, and gel shift analyses we have identified multiple binding sites for nuclear proteins within the promoter region of the human neurofilament H gene. Two sites likely bind the transcription factor Sp1 while two others may be targets for previously unreco... | US |
The gap junction channel mediates an important form of intercellular communication, but its detailed study is hindered by inaccessibility in situ. We show here that connexin32, the major protein composing junctional channels in rat liver, forms ion channels in single bilayer membranes. The properties of these reconstit... | US |
Hydrazine sulfate (HS) pretreatment protects mice against the lethal effects of bacterial endotoxin lipopolysaccharide (LPS) through mechanisms yet to be established. The liver was examined as a model organ to determine HS effects on (a) LPS activation of leukocyte (Kupffer cell) interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta) and tumo... | US |
Chloramphenicol activates translation of cat-86 mRNA by stalling a ribosome in the leader of individual transcripts. Stalling triggers two sequential events: the destabilization of a region of secondary structure that sequesters the cat ribosome-binding site (RBS-C), and the initiation of cat translation. The site of d... | US |
In Escherichia coli, RecA protein regulates the DNA damage-inducible survival-enhancing SOS response. Mutant allele recA730, which causes constitutive SOS expression, is lethal at high temperatures in B/r, a derivative of wild-type B, but not in K-12 or in certain B/r--K-12 hybrids. We present evidence that killing is ... | US |
The effect of factors released from N2A neuroblastoma cells on the expression of myelin protein genes in glioma C6 cells, i.e., proteolipid protein (PLP) and myelin-associated glycoprotein (MAG), was studied. Both cells lines were propagated in serum-free DMEM-F10 (1:1) medium. The addition of 50% N2A conditioned mediu... | US |
The effect of ascorbic acid (AA) on rat glioma C6 cells was studied. At physiological AA concentrations of 0.1 and 1 mM, no morphological and no proliferative alterations in the C6 cultures were detectable. Although the total RNA content per cell was not affected by the AA-treatment, AA upregulated the expression of my... | US |
The PET122 protein is one of three Saccharomyces cerevisiae nuclear gene products required specifically to activate translation of the mitochondrially coded COX3 mRNA. We have previously observed that mutations which remove the carboxy-terminal region of PET122 block translation of the COX3 mRNA but can be suppressed b... | US |
We examined the effects of the benzolpyrrole-type Ca2+ channel activator FPL 64176 on voltage-dependent L-type Ca2+ channels in rat anterior pituitary (GH3) cells. FPL 64176 increased K(+)-dependent Ca2+ influx into GH3 cells with an EC50 value of 1.2 x 10(-7) M but had no effect on the binding of [3H]PN200-110 to GH3 ... | US |
Extensive behavioral and biochemical characterization of cannabinoid-mediated effects on the central nervous system has revealed at least three lines of evidence supporting the role of a putative guanine nucleotide-binding protein-coupled cannabinoid receptor for cannabimimetic effects, (i) stereoselectivity, (ii) inhi... | US |
Nicotine, a partial agonist, has a very low efficacy at the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor from Torpedo, but it is not clear whether this is because it is intrinsically poor at opening the ion channel or because, at concentrations that open the channel, it is also capable of blocking it. In this study, we exploited t... | US |
TRH stimulates a biphasic increase in intracellular free calcium ion, [Ca2+]i. Cells stably transfected with TRH receptor cDNA were used to compare the response in lines with and without L type voltage-gated calcium channels. Rat pituitary GH-Y cells that do not normally express TRH receptors, rat glial C6 cells, and h... | US |
The inducibility of heritable mutations in female mammals has been measured in the mouse specific-locus test (SLT). For radiation-induced mutations, a large body of data has been accumulated that includes information about biological and physical factors that influence mutation yields. However, relatively few SLT studi... | US |
Limited comparative data in mice indicate that chemical mutagens that induce dominant lethal mutations in males are not necessarily effective in females, but those which are effective in females are generally equally or more effective in males. Recently, however, a few chemicals have been identified that are female-spe... | US |
Results of continuing studies indicate that the mouse zygote and two-cell embryo stages are a window of susceptibility in the experimental induction of congenital anomalies with certain mutagenic agents. The mechanisms by which the mutagens initiate the pathogenesis of these developmental defects are not known. However... | US |
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