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Bradykinin stimulates Ca2+ entry in cultured human fibroblasts via nitrendipine-sensitive Ca2+ channels in cultured human fibroblasts. The Ca2+ entering via this pathway does not contribute directly to the elevation of cytosolic Ca2+, but rather appears to be specifically taken up into an internal Ca2+ pool. | US |
The human androgen-receptor gene (HUMARA; GenBank) contains a highly polymorphic trinucleotide repeat in the first exon. We have found that the methylation of HpaII and HhaI sites less than 100 bp away from this polymorphic short tandem repeat (STR) correlates with X inactivation. The close proximity of the restriction... | US |
The identification of a common mutation, delta F508, in the CFTR gene allowed, for the first time, the detection of cystic fibrosis (CF) carriers in the general population. Further genetic studies revealed > 100 additional disease-causing mutations in this gene, few of which occur on > 1% of CF chromosomes in any ethni... | US |
In an effort to better understand features in nucleotide analogs that result in the inhibition of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase, we have evaluated this enzyme with the 5'-triphosphate of the carbocyclic analog of 2'-deoxyguanosine (CdG-TP). CdG-TP was a reasonably potent competitive inhibitor of the incorporation of dGTP... | US |
Neovascular age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is one of five retinal disorders studied in the Eye Disease Case-Control Study. Data were obtained from 421 patients with neovascular AMD and 615 controls on a broad array of possible risk factors through interviews, clinical examinations, and laboratory analyses of bl... | US |
The developing axons of retinal ganglion cells follow a stereotyped trajectory through the diencephalon to the optic tectum. In Xenopus, this trajectory closely parallels that of a preexisting fiber tract, the tract of the postoptic commissure (TPOC). This tract comprises part of the early CNS scaffold and has been pro... | US |
The pharmacological and single-channel properties of Ca2+ channels were studied in the somata and dendrites of adult cerebellar Purkinje cells. The Ca2+ channels were exclusively of the high threshold type: low threshold Ca2+ channels were not found. These high threshold channels were not blocked by omega-conotoxin GVI... | US |
To further our understanding of the protein folding process, it is desirable to examine the structural intermediates (equilibrium and kinetic) that are populated between the statistical coil state and the folded molecule. X-ray crystallography and NMR structural studies are unable to determine long-range distances in p... | US |
We studied the structure of the lipooligosaccharide (LOS) that is produced by a variant A of strain MS11mk. This variant produces a single LOS that is recognized by monoclonal antibody (MAb) 2-1-L8. In a recent study of the pathogenesis of Neisseria gonorrhoeae in male volunteers, variant A gave rise to other phase var... | US |
We have solved crystal structures of two complexes with Escherichia coli thymidylate synthase (TS) bound either to the cofactor analog N10-propargyl-5,8-dideazafolate (CB3717) or to a tighter binding polygutamyl derivative of CB3717. These structures suggest that cofactor binding alone is sufficient to induce the confo... | US |
99mTc is widely thought to directly bind proteins through thiolate groups of cysteine residues, resulting in Tc-cysteinyl-protein bonds. Chemical reduction of disulfide bonds in proteins is widely used to generate thiolates with the goal of increasing 99mTc binding. This strategy is used because most proteins contain n... | US |
Male F344/NCr rats were exposed to low dietary concentrations of Aroclor 1254 (0-33 ppm) for 7 days, following which the induction of selected hepatic drug metabolizing enzymes was monitored. CYP1A1, measured indirectly by assaying the O-dealkylation of ethoxyresorufin in 9000 g supernatants, was increased 1.5-, 3-, 8-... | US |
CD44 has been implicated to play an important role in a diverse range of physiological processes, which involve cell-matrix recognition, cell-cell adhesion and cell motility. There is increasing evidence that the highly conserved intracellular domain of CD44 may be involved in influencing these activities. CD44 is phos... | United Kingdom |
The gene encoding cytosolic phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK) is expressed in multiple cell types in diverse tissues including liver, kidney, intestine, and white and brown adipose tissues. It can thus be considered a model system for examining the regulation of cell-specific transcription. The PEPCK gene is tr... | US |
The immunocytologic characteristics of two formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded corneas from patients with the iridocorneal endothelial (ICE) syndrome and unaffected control corneas were studied. Binding of polyclonal antisera to Factor VIII, S-100 protein, involucrin, neuron specific enolase (NSE), and the lectins peanut... | US |
Mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase kinases, intermediates in a growth factor-stimulated protein kinase cascade, are dual specificity protein kinases that specifically phosphorylate and activate MAP kinases in response to extracellular signals. Here, we report the cloning of two forms of cDNA that encode this protei... | US |
The skeletal muscle-specific dihydropyridine-sensitive calcium channel is a critical component of excitation-contraction coupling in skeletal muscle. A recessive mutation in mice, muscular dysgenesis (mdg), has previously been described as resulting in defective excitation-contraction coupling. Although the channel-for... | US |
Nitric oxide (NO) synthesis is induced in vascular smooth muscle cells by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) where it appears to mediate a variety of vascular dysfunctions. In some cell types tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4) synthesis has also been found to be induced by cytokines. Because BH4 is a cofactor for NO synthase, we investig... | US |
Glycogenin is a self-glucosylating protein involved in the initiation reactions of glycogen synthesis. Initiation occurs in two stages, requiring first the covalent attachment of a glucose residue to Tyr-194 of glycogenin and then elongation to form an oligosaccharide chain. The latter reaction is known to be catalyzed... | US |
Lipoprotein lipase (LPL), the major lipolytic enzyme involved in the conversion of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins to remnants, was found to compete with binding of activated alpha 2-macroglobulin (alpha 2M*) to the low density lipoprotein receptor-related protein (LRP)/alpha 2-macroglobulin receptor. Bovine milk LPL di... | US |
Resistance to toxic oxyanions of arsenic and antimony in Escherichia coli is conferred by the conjugative R-factor R773, which encodes an ATP-driven anion extrusion pump. The ars operon is composed of three structural genes, arsA, arsB, and arsC. Although transcribed as a single unit, the three genes are differentially... | US |
We have utilized antisense oligodeoxynucleotides (ODNs) to modulate transcriptional activation by the human T-cell leukemia virus type I (HTLV-I) tax gene, the major transcriptional regulator of this virus. 3'-Terminal phosphorothioate-modified antisense ODNs were shown to efficiently inhibit Tax protein expression bot... | US |
Interferons induce a number of different proteins that mediate the antiproliferative, antiviral, and immunomodulatory functions of interferons. At least three different proteins mediate the antiviral response, and one of them, Mx protein, specifically inhibits the replication of influenza virus and (vesicular stomatiti... | US |
We have examined the RNA-dependent and DNA-dependent polymerase and ribonuclease H catalytic activities of human immunodeficiency virus reverse transcriptase using rapid transient kinetic methods with defined synthetic 25/45-mer DNA/RNA and DNA/DNA primer/templates. The Kd value for interaction of the enzyme with duple... | US |
Protein kinases play a pivotal role in the propagation and modulation of transmembrane signaling pathways. Two major classes of receptors, G-protein-linked and tyrosine kinase receptors not only propagate signals but also are substrates for phosphorylation in response to stimulation by agonist ligands. Insulin (operati... | US |
Cytokine modulation of elastin gene expression was examined by assay of elastin mRNA abundance and by transient transfections of cultured human skin fibroblasts and rat aortic smooth muscle cells with elastin promoter/reporter gene (chloramphenicol acetyltransferase, CAT) constructs. Incubation of cells with human reco... | US |
As the long-acting somatostatin analog octreotide attenuates polypeptide hormone hypersecretion, it has recently been used to effectively treat acromegaly and gastrointestinal carcinoid tumors. Most growth-promoting actions of GH are mediated by insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I), which circulates complexed with mult... | US |
A galanin-like peptide has been found in the parasympathetic fibers innervating the mudpuppy myocardium and direct application of galanin produces hyperpolarization of atrial myocytes and a decrease in twitch tension. In the present study, atrial and ventricular strips were incubated with galanin and then evaluated for... | US |
A conspicuous correlate of the developmental transformation of axonal growth cones to synaptic terminals is a marked increase in synthesis and axonal transport of a methionine-rich, acidic polypeptide of approximately 25 kDa. This polypeptide, designated "super protein" (SuP), is the most prominent species among methio... | US |
The c-kit receptor and its cognate ligand, KL, are encoded at the white spotting locus (W) and the steel locus (Sl) of the mouse, respectively. Sl and W mutations affect the same cellular targets in melanogenesis, gametogenesis and hematopoiesis during embryonic development and in adult life. c-kit is expressed in cell... | US |
The effects of fibroblast growth factors (FGFs) in vitro include the stimulation of mitogenesis in a variety of non-neuronal cell types and the promotion of the survival of various central and peripheral neuronal populations. The precise physiological role of FGFs in vivo is currently not known. As a step toward unders... | US |
Sensitization to the behavioral effects produced by repeated injections of kainic acid (KA) into the mouse spinal cord area has been previously shown to be abolished by pretreatment with capsaicin, a neurotoxin of substance P (SP)-containing primary afferent C-fibers. While SP has a variety of well characterized biolog... | US |
1. A voltage-dependent gating mechanism for the fast Cl- channel was developed from the analysis of single-channel current records obtained with the patch clamp technique from primary cultures of rat skeletal muscle. Up to 10(6) open and shut intervals were analysed from each of five different excised patches of membra... | US |
1. Single latent pacemaker cells were isolated from the Eustachian ridge of cat right atrium using Langendorff perfusion and enzyme dispersion techniques. Whole-cell patch-clamp techniques were used to study the hyperpolarization-activated inward current (I(f)). 2. All cells studied beat rhythmically. Pacemaker activit... | US |
Two spontaneous mutations of rudimentary, the gene encoding the first steps of de novo pyrimidine biosynthesis in Drosophila, are suppressed by mutant alleles of the suppressor of Hairy-wing locus. This interaction differs from typical su(Hw) suppression in that neither rudimentary allele is associated with an insertio... | US |
In the absence of cellular estrogen receptors or proven direct estrogen action in the rat, it is assumed that estrogen indirectly regulates the secretory activity of the preoptic area luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone-producing cells. We have previously shown that pro-opiomelanocortin neurons in the arcuate nucleus... | US |
The Src homology 2 (SH2) domain is a recognition motif thought to mediate the association of the cytoplasmic proteins involved in signal transduction by binding to phosphotyrosyl-containing sequences in proteins. Assignments of nearly all 1H and 15N resonances of the SH2 domain from the c-Abl protein-tyrosine kinase ha... | US |
The translation of ferritin mRNA and degradation of transferrin receptor mRNA are regulated by the interaction of an RNA-binding protein, the iron-responsive element binding protein (IRE-BP), with RNA stem-loop structures known as iron-responsive elements (IREs) contained within these transcripts. IRE-BP produced in ir... | US |
The c-myb protooncogene encodes proteins that are critical for hematopoietic cell proliferation and development. Disrupting c-myb function might, therefore, prove an effective therapeutic strategy for controlling leukemic cell growth. Antisense oligodeoxynucleotides have been utilized for this purpose in vitro, but the... | US |
D1 dopamine receptor localization was examined by immunohistochemistry using a polyclonal anti-peptide antibody which (i) immunoprecipitated a protein fragment encoded by a D1 receptor cDNA and (ii) on Western blots of solubilized striatal and hippocampal membranes recognized two proteins of approximately 50 kDa and 75... | US |
Tubular-fluid reabsorption by specialized cells of the nephron at the junction of the ascending limb of the loop of Henle and the distal convoluted tubule, termed the macula densa, releases compounds causing vasoconstriction of the adjacent afferent arteriole. Activation of this tubuloglomerular feedback response reduc... | US |
The human tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) gene encodes a cytokine whose activities have been implicated in many immunopathological processes, including the activation and differentiation of lymphocytes. Originally identified as a monocyte factor, our studies and those of others have demonstrated that B and T ly... | US |
Angiogenic factors produced by monocytes-macrophages are involved in the pathogenesis of chronic inflammatory disorders characterized by persistent angiogenesis. The possibility was tested that interleukin-8 (IL-8), which is a cytokine that is chemotactic for lymphocytes and neutrophils, is also angiogenic. Human recom... | US |
A total of 630 hybridomas were generated from a BALB/c mouse immunized with the anti-id mAb F5-444, which binds an idiotope within the antigen-combining site of mAb AC1.59. The latter recognizes a determinant shared by HLA-DR1, DRw8, DR9 antigens and subtypes of HLA-DR4 and DR6 that is poorly expressed by HLA-DRw16 and... | US |
The mechanism of regulation of negative feedback inhibition of the exocrine pancreas and its possible role in decreasing the exocrine secretion of the grafted human pancreas is unknown. To evaluate this we studied the effect of oral pancreatic enzymes on the stimulated transplanted pancreatic exocrine secretion in eigh... | US |
We have identified 7 patients with Hb H disease as homozygotes for a mutation in the polyadenylation site (AATAAA-->AATAAG) and have compared their hematological data with those of Hb H patients having other types of alpha-thalassemia determinants. All 7 patients exhibited moderate anemia with microcytosis and hypochro... | US |
Stem cell factor (SCF) is a newly described hematopoietic growth factor that stimulates the growth of primitive hematopoietic progenitors and mast cells. Since the osteoclast precursor is hematopoietic in origin, we tested SCF for its capacity to stimulate the formation of osteoclast-like multinucleated cells (MNC) in ... | US |
A rabbit corneal pocket model was used to demonstrate that physiologic concentrations of human recombinant (r) IL-8 may induce corneal neovascularization. Computer-assisted analysis of sequential fluorescein angiograms showed that rIL-8 doses ranging from 2 to 40 ng/cornea (P = 0.01), but not high dose rIL-8 (400 ng/co... | US |
Brain abscesses were produced in the rat by direct intracerebral injection of agarose beads laden with Staphylococcus aureus. The method proved to be easy, reproducible, effective and was associated with a low mortality rate. The histopathologic features of the experimental abscess are similar to other animal models an... | US |
Dermal dendritic cells from eleven cases of mycosis fungoides (MF) (six patch and five plaque stage), two cases of pre-MF, and five specimens of normal human skin, were characterized immunohistochemically using a panel of antibodies including anti-human Thy-1, intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1; CD54), endotheli... | US |
The carbohydrate structure sialyl-Lewis X (SLex) can function as a ligand for E-selectin, formerly known as endothelial leukocyte adhesion molecule-1 (ELAM-1). This study was performed to analyze the expression of SLex by leukocytes and other cell types in the context of inflammatory and immune processes. Human periphe... | US |
Immunohistochemical detection of cell cycle-related markers for estimation of tumor growth fractions using paraffin-embedded tissue sections would have applications in experimental and clinical pathology as an in situ histologic alternative to flow cytometry. The monoclonal antibodies 19A2 and PC10 detect the prolifera... | US |
The response of sensory nerve fibres to inflammation in young adult rat molars has recently been shown to include increases in nerve sprouting and neuropeptide content. The objective was to evaluate neural responses to class V dental preparations in molars of old (1-2 yr) as compared with young adult rats (3-4 months).... | US |
Rebecca Lancefield described group A streptococcal M proteins over 50 years ago, and they have remained at the forefront of investigations into streptococcal pathogenicity to the present day. As described in this review, they form cell surface fibrils with several functions, ranging from resisting phagocytosis and indu... | United Kingdom |
An aging antigen, senescent cell antigen appears on old cells and marks them for death by initiating the binding of IgG autoantibody and subsequent removal by phagocytes. This antigen is derived from the major anion transport protein, protein band 3, that is involved in respiration and acid base balance. We use synthet... | US |
The three-dimensional coordinates for the alpha-carbon atoms of crambin and basic pancreatic trypsin inhibitor (BPTI) were determined from the respective alpha-carbon trace stereograms using an improved Simplex algorithm. This algorithm was used in a two-step process to estimate the z-coordinate values. In one approach... | US |
To directly infect human fetal intestine with HIV in vitro. | United Kingdom |
To evaluate the efficacy and toxicity of vincristine and bleomycin when used in combination to treat patients with progressive Kaposi's sarcoma. | United Kingdom |
The aim of this study was to characterize the oncolytic efficacy of human natural killer (NK) cell subsets generated from highly NK-enriched population in long-term IL-2 cultures. NK cells cultured for 3 weeks with interleukin-2 (IL-2) were separated into several subsets using two color fluorescence-activated cell sort... | US |
Stem cell factor (SCF) enhances normal hematopoiesis. We examined its effect in vitro on bone marrow and blood progenitors from patients with inherited bone marrow failure syndromes, including 17 patients each with Diamond-Blackfan anemia (DBA) and Fanconi's anemia (FA), 3 with dyskeratosis congenita (DC), and 1 each w... | US |
We have previously shown the development in vitro of tryptase+ human mast cells from fetal liver cells cocultured with murine 3T3 fibroblasts. In this study, recombinant human stem cell factor (rhuSCF), the ligand for the c-kit proto-oncogene product called Kit, stimulated the growth and differentiation primarily of ma... | US |
In this study, we examined the potential role of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) tat protein in causing the hematopoietic abnormalities frequently observed in HIV-infected individuals. Recombinant tat (r-tat) protein, at concentrations up to 10 micrograms/mL, did not display any stimulatory or inhibitory effect ... | US |
The human CD34 hematopoietic stem cell antigen is a highly glycosylated type 1 membrane protein of unknown function. CD34 is expressed on 1% to 4% of bone marrow cells, including pluripotent stem cells and committed progenitors of each hematopoietic lineage. CD34 has also been shown to be expressed on the small vessel ... | US |
The S17 murine stromal cell line was infected with retroviral vectors encoding the v-src and c-src oncogenes and cells expressing high levels of either pp60v-src or pp60c-src were isolated. Long-term bone marrow cultures (LTBMCs) established with these different stromal cell lines showed that progenitor cells prolifera... | US |
Gene therapy in humans requires the transplantation of genetically modified cells, and it is important to select only those cells capable of expressing high levels of protein from the transferred gene. Expression of the human multiple drug resistance (MDR) gene confers resistance to a variety of compounds in vitro and ... | US |
A frequent site for nonrandom recombination in T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) is chromosome 11 at p13. The molecular characterization of a (7;11)(q35;p13) translocation showed that the translocation breakpoint was 2 kb 5' to the T-ALLbcr locus resulting in the juxtaposition of the T-cell receptor (TCR) bet... | US |
The notochord of embryonic chicks produces type IX collagen, as well as type II collagen, prior to the onset of vertebral chondrogenesis. To address the question of whether the notochord secretes the "long-form" type IX collagen found in cartilage or the "short-form" type IX found in the cornea and vitreous humor, we e... | US |
Although there is considerable interest in the possible role of olfactory glia in the pathfinding abilities of olfactory nerve axons, the complete development of these glia in vivo has not been described. Using a specific Schwann cell marker, the 1E8 antibody, we have found that olfactory nerve glia can be identified t... | US |
L-Arginine (> or = 30 mg kg-1, i.v.), but not D-arginine (300 mg kg-1) administered 5 min after unilateral common carotid/middle cerebral artery occlusion increased regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) within the dorsolateral ischaemic cortex in spontaneously hypertensive rats. L-Arginine (300 mg kg-1) increased rCBF fr... | US |
Slow ventral root potentials (slow VRP's) recorded from 1- to 5-day-old rat spinal cords are implicated in nociception, but there is controversy over their origin and persistence in the adult. The present study investigated changes in the role of substance P and NMDA receptors in slow VRP generation during the postnata... | US |
We have examined the patterns of expression of the major intermediate filament (IF) protein mRNAs during development of the hamster brain. Quantitative northern blotting was used to examine changes in the levels of mRNAs for the low, middle and high molecular weight neurofilament proteins (NF-L, NF-M, NF-H) as well as ... | US |
Male and female rats have approximately equal numbers of estrogen(E)-concentrating cells within the medial preoptic area (MPOA). Several cell groups within this brain region are sexually dimorphic, however, and these groups may have sexually different numbers of E-containing cells; this, in turn, may reflect sex differ... | US |
Using receptor binding and autoradiographic techniques, changes in Bolton-Hunter labeled 125I-substance P (125I-BH-SP) binding were determined in laminae I/II, V and X of rat lumbar spinal cord after chronic constriction injury (CCI) of the sciatic nerve. When compared to the sham-operated side of the control group, SP... | US |
The active component of the honeybee hive product propolis, caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE), has been shown to display increased toxicity toward various oncogene-transformed cell lines in comparison with their untransformed counterparts (Su et al., 4: 231-242, 1991). This observation provides support for the concep... | US |
1. We have transfected the rat substance P receptor (SPR) cDNA into the leukemic T-lymphocyte cell line Jurkat (J-wt) in order to study the effects of substance P (SP) on lymphocyte signaling mechanisms and the resultant neuropeptide-induced immunological changes. 2. The SPR cDNA was transfected into J-wt by the method... | US |
1. We have demonstrated previously (Harrowe et al., 1990), using a lymphoblastoid cell line that constitutively expresses the substance P receptor (SPR) (Payan et al., 1984, 1986), that this receptor may facilitate measles virus (MV) fusion with these cells. In order to test this hypothesis further, a stable cell line ... | US |
1. The effect of interleukin-1 (IL-1) was studied on voltage-activated ion currents of the identified central neurons of Helix pomatia L. using a two-microelectrode voltage clamp. The voltage-activated inward current (ICa) was decreased, whereas the outward current (I(net) K) was increased by IL-1. 2. IL-1 affects both... | US |
1. Two human lymphocyte cell lines, a T-cell line and a B-cell line, were shown to produce and secrete immunoreactive growth hormone (irGH). The irGH molecules secreted by the two cell lines appeared to be de novo synthesized and their molecular size was similar to that of pituitary GH as well as irGH secreted by perip... | US |
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a human neurological disease for which no clinically useful marker has been identified in blood. This study examined alpha 2-macroglobulin (alpha 2M) from the plasma of six patients with chronic-progressive MS and six with relapsing-remitting disease. The alpha 2M trypsin-binding activity in ... | US |
Intravenous administration of an alpha-adrenoceptor agonist, UK-14,304, a histamine H3 receptor agonist, R(-)-alpha-methyl-histamine (alpha-MeHA) or SMS 201-995 (a synthetic octapeptide analogue of somatostatin), blocked plasma protein (125I-albumin) extravasation within rat and/or guinea pig dura mater following unila... | US |
When orthovanadate, an inhibitor of protein tyrosine phosphatase activity, was added to highly purified human blood erythroid burst-forming units (BFU-E) a marked increase in the number and size of erythroid bursts was evident at an optimum concentration of 4 microM. Because BFU-E are stimulated by stem cell factor (SC... | US |
The cDNA for canine stem cell factor (cSCF, c-kit ligand) was cloned and expressed in Escherichia coli. The recombinant protein (rcSCF), 165 amino acids in length, is very similar structurally to the soluble form of previously cloned and sequenced rodent and human SCFs. The biological effects of rcSCF were studied in a... | US |
Two multi-dimensional heteronuclear NMR experiments are described for assigning the resonances in uniformly 15N- and 13C-labeled proteins. In one experiment (HCNH-TOCSY), the amide nitrogen and proton are correlated to the side-chain protons and carbons of the same and preceding residue. In a second triple resonance ex... | US |
During mating of the alga Chlamydomonas, two biflagellate cells fuse to form a single quadriflagellate cell that contains two nuclei and a common cytoplasm. We have used this cell fusion during mating to transfer unassembled flagellar components from the cytoplasm of one Chlamydomonas cell into that of another in order... | US |
In a human lymphoblastoid cell line (Z83) in which rDNA genes on chromosome 22 are amplified but transcribed at a low level, immunocytological studies with antibodies to 5 methylcytidine provided evidence for hypermethylation of the rDNA. The extent of methylation of the 5' flanking sequences of the ribosomal DNA was e... | US |
The major histocompatibility complex-unrestricted, cell-mediated, constitutive anti-tumor cytotoxic function of natural killer cells is highly preserved in healthy elderly. A study of the dynamics of expression of natural killer cell-associated phenotypes during immunosenescence shows that selective, bidirectional, and... | US |
We have recently demonstrated that the iv administration of acidic fibroblast growth factor (a-FGF) to rats for 6 days results in a marked increase in thyroid weight with colloid accumulation and flat, quiescent follicular cells. Whereas a-FGF administration consistently increases thyroid weight, there are only minor a... | US |
A plasma lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-binding protein (LBP) has been shown to regulate the response of rabbit peritoneal macrophages and human blood monocytes to endotoxin (LPS). We investigated whether LBP is present in lung fluids and the effects of LBP on the response of lung macrophages to LPS. Immunoreactive LBP was d... | US |
The effect of heparin and poly-L-glutamate on the function of inhibitory M2 muscarinic autoreceptors on parasympathetic nerves in the lung was tested in antigen-challenged guinea pigs. After antigen challenge, M2 receptor function is decreased, thus increasing release of acetylcholine from the vagus and potentiating va... | US |
Tissue injury that accompanies hypoxemia/reoxygenation shares features with the host response in inflammation, suggesting that cytokines, such as IL-1, may act as mediators in this setting. Human endothelial cells (ECs) subjected to hypoxia (PO2 approximately 12-14 Torr) elaborated IL-1 activity into conditioned media ... | US |
Coagulation Factor V is an essential component of the prothrombinase complex, which activates the zymogen prothrombin to thrombin. A patient was described who developed a Factor V inhibitor that neutralized the procoagulant activity of Factor V and resulted in a fatal hemorrhagic diathesis (Coots, M. C., A. F. Muhleman... | US |
In human peripheral interstitial fluid, esterification of cholesterol by lecithin cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT) was found to occur at a rate of only 10% of that in plasma (5.6 +/- 1.8 compared with 55.6 +/- 7.8 nmol/ml per h). Measurement of cholesterol esterification in the presence of excess reconstituted apoA-I... | US |
We studied the effects of fibrinogen degradation product (FDP) fragment D on endothelial monolayer integrity and the mechanisms of fragment D-induced endothelial cell detachment from the substratum. Incubation of bovine pulmonary artery endothelial cells (BPAEC) with fragment D caused concentration- and time-dependent ... | US |
Endotoxemia results in neutrophil localization within a number of microcirculatory beds, reflecting in part an adhesive interaction between neutrophils and the vascular endothelial cell. In previous studies, endotoxin or lipopolysaccharide (LPS) treatment of rabbits resulted in neutrophil sequestration at LPS concentra... | US |
The recognition of cellular receptors by the mammalian reoviruses is an important determinant of cell and tissue tropism exhibited by reovirus strains of different serotypes. To extend our knowledge of the role of reovirus-receptor interactions in reovirus tropism, we determined whether type 1 and type 3 reovirus strai... | US |
Cystic fibrosis (CF) is the most common lethal inherited disease in the Caucasian population with an incidence of approximately 1 in 2,500 live births. Pulmonary complications of CF, which are the most morbid aspects of the disease, are caused by primary abnormalities in epithelial cells that lead to impaired mucocilia... | US |
Microvascular endothelial cells express a variety of cell-surface integrins in vivo and in vitro with varying affinities for matrix proteins. The vitronectin receptor (VnR), a complex of the alpha v and beta 3 integrin chains, is capable of binding to a variety of matrix proteins that are deposited in injured tissues, ... | US |
A major difficulty in biochemical studies of the pemphigus foliaceus (PF) antigen is the lack of a method for its quantitative determination. Immunofluorescence blocking and immunoprecipitation methods are semiquantitative and time consuming. Radioimmunoassay (RIA) methods are quantitative but they require pure and sta... | US |
The promoter of human K14 keratin gene, specific for the basal layer of stratified epithelia, is regulated by nuclear receptors for retinoic acid and thyroid hormone. However, the DNA sequences responsible for this regulation have not yet been identified. To identify the retinoic acid-responsive site, we have devised a... | US |
Epican, a heparan sulfate proteoglycan, was recently identified on the surface of keratinocytes with the aid of a monoclonal antibody to its core protein. Using that antibody to screen a human keratinocyte cDNA library, a clone encoding the entire epican core protein was selected and sequenced. The core protein of epic... | US |
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