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Pain is a common problem for patients with terminal illnesses. The major efforts to control pain for these patients have focused on the appropriate uses of analgesic medication to reduce the sensory aspect of the pain experienced. There are a number of studies in the chronic pain literature, however, that have implicat... | US |
Patient education should be a central component of pain control regimens for cancer patients. Few systematically developed and carefully evaluated pain control patient education programs have been reported. Patient education for cancer pain control should include five phases: assessment, goal setting, selection of educ... | US |
In this paper a number of issues that appear to transcend the range of noninvasive interventions described in this volume are examined. Specifically, we raise the important issue of barriers to treatment. Among those discussed are patients', their significant others', as well as health care providers' conceptualization... | US |
The value of the mass balance strategy is illustrated in the sequence determination of S. aureus V8 protease. Capillary electrophoresis, electrospray mass spectrometry, and high performance tandem mass spectrometry are used as well as proteolysis and Edman degradation. The carboxy terminus is found to contain 17 irregu... | US |
In our study of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients, we observed a decrease of tetanus toxoid antigen-presenting capacity of synovial fluid (SF) adherent cells to autologous T cells of either SF or peripheral blood. Additionally, we found a higher capacity of adherent synovial cells to stimulate autologous T-lymphocytes... | US |
We retrospectively analyzed our 2-year experience with venous access for 363 therapeutic plasma exchanges in 46 patients with neurological disease, including acute Guillain-Barré syndrome (N = 20), myasthenia gravis (N = 17), and chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (N = 9). Twenty-three patients (50%) com... | US |
Serum antibody responses were studied in detail in four vaccinia-naive volunteers in a phase I trial evaluating primary vaccination with a recombinant vaccinia virus expressing the HIV-1 gp160 envelope glycoprotein (HIVAC-1e, Oncogen/Bristol-Myers Squibb), followed by booster immunization with baculovirus-derived rgp16... | US |
Studies of the immune response of patients following major injury have identified significant abnormalities, some of which may be due to the effects of endotoxin. To evaluate the effect of endotoxin on the immune system without conflicting variables, we studied 18 normal, healthy male volunteers each on two occasions. ... | US |
Cardiac myosin heavy chain expression undergoes a perinatal transition from predominance of beta-MHC to alpha-MHC. In the current study, we tested the effects of glucocorticoids in this early transition period, by treating pregnant rats with dexamethasone on gestational days 17, 18 and 19, using doses below (0.05 mg/kg... | US |
Receptors for the Fc region of immunoglobulin G (IgG) are a structurally diverse group of molecules. Within the three Fc gamma R families (Fc gamma RI, Fc gamma RII and Fc gamma RIII), the presence of distinct genes and alternative splicing variants leads to a variety of receptor isoforms that are most strikingly diffe... | US |
The prevalence of herpesvirus DNA was examined in inflammatory bowel disease tissue. DNA was extracted from resection and biopsy specimens of the large intestine from patients with ulcerative colitis (n = 21), patients with Crohn's disease (n = 29), and patients with noninflammatory bowel disease (controls) (n = 21). T... | United Kingdom |
Prolonged exposure of several Candida albicans strains to inhibitory concentrations of Cd, Cu, or Zn resulted in the appearance of resistant colonies at frequencies and with kinetics significantly different than expected based solely upon the predicted spontaneous mutation rate. Characteristics of the response included... | US |
We studied the effects of iron chelators and of a thallium salt on growth of Cryptococcus neoformans in defined medium. An oxidant-sensitive mutant strain was found to require exogenous ferric iron for growth. Using this strain, we found that the synthetic iron chelator, N-hydroxyethylenediamine triacetate (HEDTA), in ... | US |
One major task in clinical pharmacology is to determine the pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic (PK-PD) parameters of a drug in a patient population. NONMEM is a program commonly used to build population PK-PD models, that is, models that characterize the relationship between a patient's PK-PD parameters and other patient ... | US |
There is, at present, considerable interest in the possible role for the proinflammatory cytokines, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin-1, interleukin-6, and interferon-gamma in the pathogenesis of cancer cachexia. Indirect evidence for such a role is based on the observation that chronic administration of many of... | US |
Many common metastatic cancers are associated with marked weight loss at the time of diagnosis. Anorexia clearly plays a major role in weight loss in the cancer patient, but cannot explain all of the weight loss noted. Malnourished patients with localized cancers under metabolic ward conditions fail to gain weight when... | US |
The goal of this investigation was to identify the metabolic abnormalities in a group of colon cancer patients before and during 5-fluorouracil chemotherapy. Twenty-two colon cancer patients were prospectively enrolled into a Clinical Research Center for measurement of counter regulatory hormones, fasting hepatic gluco... | US |
The endpoints used as outcome variables in clinical cancer treatment trials, including nutrition intervention studies, should contain items that are meaningful to the patient. Variables to consider are appetite, food intake, physical performance, psychological and social functioning, response to cancer therapies, survi... | US |
The purpose of this longitudinal study was to compare maternal separation anxiety by gender of infants and sibling dyad in 40 employed, second-time mothers. Subjects completed two parallel measures of separation anxiety, the Maternal Separation Anxiety. Scale (MSAS) and the Interview-Based Rating Scales (IBRS). The mot... | US |
We conducted the present studies in intact animals to assess alterations in integrated cardiovascular function due to hypothyroidism. Rats were surgically thyroidectomized or sham operated. Most obvious among the alterations detected under resting conditions was the bradycardia present in hypothyroid animals. Cardiac o... | US |
Interarticulator timing is a mechanism for producing linguistic contrasts that is widely used in different languages. This paper explores acoustic and aerodynamic effects of variations in laryngeal-oral coordination in voiceless consonants. Measurements of voice onset time and interarticulator phasing for individual to... | US |
In studying language change, Ohala and Lorentz (1977) observed that when the labial-velar glide [w] occurs adjacent to fricative noise, the resulting complex of acoustic features is most often perceived and pronounced as a labial, rather than a velar consonant. However, contemporary Spanish, as spoken in Mexico and the... | US |
Assimilation of nasals to the place of articulation of following consonants is a common and natural process among the world's languages. Recent phonological theory attributes this naturalness to the postulated geometry of articulatory features and the notion of spreading (McCarthy, 1988). Others view assimilation as a ... | US |
This paper presents evidence that the acoustic effects of demonstrably independent articulations are integrated in the perception of vowel height and [voice] contrasts. This evidence supports two hypotheses: That, in at least some instances, articulatory covariation is perceptually motivated, and that the objects of sp... | US |
Human chondrocyte strains were derived from explant outgrowth of nonarthritic or osteoarthritic human cartilage. Chondrocytes radiolabeled with [35SO4] or [35S]-methionine were used to measure the biosynthesis of proteoglycans recovered from the most buoyant fraction (A4) of a CsCl density gradient centrifugation perfo... | US |
Bone is a tissue that responds to mechanical load by changing its internal architecture. However, the mode of transmission of mechanical stimuli into biological signals and the effect of load at the cellular level are still not clear. An in vitro system, a Flexercell Strain Unit, was used to apply cyclic load to osteob... | US |
The ability of Moloney murine leukemia virus to accelerate lymphomagenesis in E mu-myc transgenic mice is frequently associated with proviral integration within a locus denoted bmi-1. This locus contains not only the bmi-1 gene implicated as a collaborator with myc in lymphomagenesis but also just upstream an unknown g... | US |
Athymic (nude) mice have played an important role in defining the function of the immune system and its role in infectious diseases. In the majority of these studies, heterozygous +/nu mice have been used as normal controls for the nu/nu mice, and it has been assumed that +/nu mice have essentially normal immune system... | US |
We assayed TSH, triiodothyronine, free thyroxine, and prolactin (PRL) in plasma of women and infants participating in a trial of prenatal thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) treatment for prevention of newborn lung disease. Women in labor at 26-34 wk of gestation received 400 micrograms of TRH i.v. every 8 h (one to fo... | US |
Preterm infants may demonstrate impaired ventilation during oral feeding with resultant hypoxemia and hypercarbia. This study was designed to determine whether infants activate a representative upper airway muscle, the ala nasi, in response to these ventilatory changes. Ten preterm infants (postconceptional age at stud... | US |
Shigellosis in children can cause growth retardation, worsening of malnutrition, and hypoproteinemia. To assess the effects of ingestion of a protein-rich diet during convalescence, 22 children aged 2 to 4 y with culture-proven shigellosis were randomly assigned after 5 d of antibiotic treatment to 21-d feeding regimen... | US |
Theophylline is administered to preterm infants with pulmonary disease to improve pulmonary function and reduce apneic episodes. Because it potentially mediates both alpha- and beta-receptor-effector mechanisms, we tested the hypothesis that it increases lipolysis, gluconeogenesis from glycerol, and energy expenditure ... | US |
We examined the glycogenic response to glucose in cultured fetal and adult rat hepatocytes. After a 48-h culture in Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium, 1 mM glucose, insulin, and cortisol, cells were cultured for 4 h in serum-free medium containing glucose (1-30 mM) and U-14C-glucose. Incorporation of 14C-glucose into ... | US |
Musical tuning perception in infancy and adulthood was explored in three experiments. In Experiment 1, Western adults were tested in detection of randomly located mistunings in a melody based on musical interval patterns from native and nonnative musical scales. Subjects performed better in a Western major scale contex... | US |
Illusory contours are not well understood, partially because a lack of physical substance complicates their specification via physical standards. One solution is to gauge illusory contours with respect to luminance-defined contours, which are easily quantified physically. Accordingly, we chose a metric (perceived contr... | US |
Three types of pigment cells were isolated and cultured from larval Rana pipiens, and their attachment, maintenance, and proliferation were examined in the presence of extracellular matrix constituents (ECMs) in primary cell culture. The initial profile of pigment cell types present on day 2 of culture reflects the rel... | US |
Melanin isolated from the ink sac of Sepia officinalis (Sepia melanin) has been proposed as a standard for natural eumelanin, and a standard mild isolation and purification protocol for Sepia melanin has been developed (Zeise, doctoral dissertation, Johns Hopkins University, 1991). The goal of the present work, develop... | US |
Natural melanins are composed of two distinct portions; a protein fraction and a chromophoric backbone. There is no unequivocal evidence for covalent bonding between these two fractions, and standard protocols used in protein purification have failed to separate the protein fraction from the chromophoric fraction. In o... | US |
Energy calculations have been used to study the hydration sites around the polar groups of serine, threonine and tyrosine side chains. These hydration sites depend not only on the hybridization of the polar group but also on the local secondary structure, the chi 1 side chain torsion angle and the position of the hydro... | United Kingdom |
A comparative study of the compositional properties of various protein sets from both cellular and viral organisms is presented. Invariants and contrasts of amino acid usages have been discerned for different protein function classes and for different species using robust statistical methods based on quantile distribut... | US |
Active site residues of ricin A chain were analyzed by site-directed mutagenesis and X-ray diffraction to help assess their roles in the mechanism of action of this toxic N-glycosidase enzyme. Arg180 is thought, from X-ray studies, to protonate the adenine substrate at N3; this facilitates bond cleavage and is crucial ... | US |
A 427-fold purification of rat urinary kallikrein (RUK) was achieved in three steps involving chromatography on columns of DEAE-Sepharose CL-6B, gel filtration on Sephadex G-100 and affinity chromatography on a column of benzamidine-Sepharose. Purified enzyme showed a single band on SDS-PAGE with an estimated molecular... | US |
Wagenbach et al. (1991, BioTechnology, 9, 57-61) have recently developed a system for producing soluble recombinant tetrameric hemoglobin in yeast: hemoglobin begins to appear 4-5 h after induction with galactose, alpha- and beta-globin chains fold in vivo and endogeneously produced heme is incorporated into hemoglobin... | US |
"Statistically significant" results may lack practical or clinical significance, and the description of results in reports of research studies is frequently incomplete or misleading in presentation of data necessary to assess such significance (effect sizes). Various common presentations are discussed, and one method o... | US |
We present our hypothesis that various steroid hormones play an important role in the symptom expression of Gilles de la Tourette's syndrome (TS) and that androgenic hormones, in particular, are likely to exacerbate symptoms of the disorder. We review the clinical evidence supporting our hypothesis. Sex steroids establ... | US |
Two experiments and three studies reported a significant level of menstrual synchrony after subjects had been treated with applications of axillary extract from a donor subject or after subjects have spent time together. Four studies failed to replicate these results. A comparison of the studies shows the only consiste... | US |
There is limited information on the relation between age-related changes in pituitary-gonadal function and sleep physiology in older men. In this cross-sectional study of 67 healthy volunteers free from sleep complaints, aged 45-75 yr, we (1) assessed peak fluctuations and hourly variations in plasma testosterone, LH a... | US |
Nicotine intake, menstrual and smoking withdrawal symptomatology, and baseline cortisol and MHPG were assessed in nine women smokers under conditions of ad lib smoking and overnight abstinence in three menstrual phases (early follicular, mid-to-late follicular, and late luteal). A trend towards higher nicotine intake (... | US |
The electrophysiological and behavioral effects of daily oral exposure to a corticosterone or vehicle solution was evaluated in 20 male Wistar rats over a 10-wk period. Evaluation of the rats' behavior in an open field apparatus, as well as in automated locomotor cages, revealed no significant differences between stero... | US |
A new method for isolating mutants defective in fluid-phase endocytosis has been developed based on the observation that endocytosed horseradish peroxidase can be made lethal to cells. The method was used to isolate a mutant from Chinese hamster ovary cells, termed HRP-1, that was temperature-sensitive for viability an... | US |
Tissue factor (TF), the principal procoagulant of human brain, resides in specific regions of the non-human primate central nervous system. Immunohistochemical studies employing murine anti-human TF monoclonal antibodies (MoAbs) detected TF antigen in the cortex, basal ganglia, cerebellum, and cervical spinal cord in t... | US |
We have employed synthetic peptides with sequences corresponding to the integrin receptor-recognition regions of fibrinogen as inhibitors of platelet aggregation and adhesion to fibrinogen- and fibrin-coated surfaces in flowing whole blood, using a rectangular perfusion chamber at wall shear rates of 300 s-1 and 1,300 ... | US |
The carboxy-terminus of the gamma chain of fibrinogen contains a sequence which is believed to be one of the domains that interacts with glycoprotein (GP) IIb/IIIa to support platelet aggregation. A normal variant of fibrinogen exists in which the four carboxy-terminal amino acids are replaced by 20 amino acids. This v... | US |
An open paired randomized comparison of intramuscular and intravenous artesunate was conducted in 28 adult patients with severe falciparum malaria. The dose regimen in both groups was 2 mg/kg given immediately followed by 1 mg/kg at 12 and 24 h, and then daily until the patient could swallow. Both routes of administrat... | United Kingdom |
The sequestration of erythrocytes containing mature forms of Plasmodium falciparum in the microvasculature of vital organs may cause large discrepancies between the peripheral blood parasite count and the total body parasite burden in falciparum malaria. Despite this, parasitaemia is widely used as an indicator of prog... | United Kingdom |
Sixty-one patients with falciparum malaria were studied prospectively to determine the plasma concentrations of the lysosomal proteinase, polymorphonuclear leucocyte elastase (PMN-elastase) and their relationship to disease severity. The patients were divided into 3 groups; severe (parasitaemia > 5%) or vital organ dys... | United Kingdom |
Cost analysis of schistosomiasis is important both in assessing the economic impact of the disease and in identifying the most cost-effective approaches to control. Economic impact has been examined both within and without the health sector, but there is a lack of measurement of the effects of disease, or the threat of... | United Kingdom |
A modification of the visual evoked potential (VEP) technique, first employed by Braddick, Wattam-Bell and Atkinson [(1986) Nature, London, 320, 617-619] was used to estimate the orientation selectivity of 3-month-old infants. The orientation-selective VEP was recorded in response to various changes in the orientation ... | US |
Thresholds of luminance and red-green chromatic flashes (200 msec) were measured on a yellow adapting field in the fovea and periphery (up to 12 degrees eccentricity for 1 degree flashes and 21 degrees eccentricity for 2 degrees flashes). Chromatic sensitivity (in cone contrast coordinates) is about 7 times higher than... | US |
Many models of spatial pattern discrimination assume that judgments are based on information directly available from mechanisms tuned to limited ranges of spatial frequency and orientation. We tested the validity of this assumption for spatial frequency, orientation, and contrast information in a series of complex patt... | US |
A complete description of the loss of contrast sensitivity at high spatial frequencies requires an estimate of the role of eye movements, which could blur fine detail. We describe a new technique to isolate their effect. Observers viewed either a 100 c/deg interference fringe, which the cone mosaic aliased to a low fre... | US |
The losses of flicker sensitivity that occur during dark adaptation following extinction of a bleach depend greatly on the test stimuli that are used to measure those losses. Generally, the larger the test size is for a given test wavelength, the later is the loss of flicker sensitivity; for sufficiently large tests, l... | US |
Raw data from two studies of monocular and binocular acuity development were used to determine whether a binocular acuity advantage as a function of age is predicted by probability summation and whether these predictions accurately describe the course of binocular acuity development. Two decision rules for the combinat... | US |
We used Gabor bars to measure the effects of spatial bandwidth, spatial scale, contrast and separation on three-line spatial interval discrimination (bisection). In the first experiment, we used stimuli that were well above threshold. Our results show that at all spatial scales, spatial interval discrimination (three-l... | US |
Although spatial aliasing by the extrafoveal retina can occur under natural viewing conditions, it does not commonly disturb our vision. One possible explanation for this is that real scenes do not have sufficient power in the high frequencies to produce aliasing. We examined whether aliasing distorted the appearance o... | US |
A particular rate of quantal absorption by photoreceptors may result in a dim or an intense percept, depending on light stimulating other parts of the retina. The brightness of an object in a natural scene, therefore, depends on the amount of light reflected from the object in comparison to light from other parts of th... | US |
We previously reported that the laminin-induced outgrowth of neurites in the first 4 hr after plating ('rapid-onset neurites') is markedly stimulated by inhibitors of protein and RNA synthesis, including cycloheximide, puromycin and actinomycin D. Our original interpretation of this finding was that inhibiting protein ... | US |
The effect of mechanical injury on induction of regenerative phenomena within the neurosensory epithelium was investigated in cultures of neonatal mouse cochlea. The oldest examined culture in which new neuronal growth followed insult, was injured at 13 days in vitro and fixed 24 h later. By far, the most vigorous rege... | US |
1) High blood flow can compensate for half-normal hematocrit, leaving the rate at which O2 is offered to the capillaries unchanged. Nevertheless, intracellular PO2 is lower in anemia, indicating impaired diffusive transport. 2) Anemia increases O2 flux per red cell and decreases functional capillary surface area. These... | US |
The oxygen dependence of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation measured in isolated cells of cardiac and non-cardiac origin are affected by the metabolic state of the cells. The contribution of oxygen diffusion to the measured P50 value in resting cells is small. In cardiac myocytes, and possibly in the other cells a... | US |
The possible role of wall shear stress in microvascular network adaptation was investigated by computer simulation in planar polygonal model networks. Adaptation of vessel diameter to local wall shear stress resulted in false geometry and excessive rarefaction of the networks. Adaptation to mean wall shear stress decre... | US |
Using i.p. delivered deuterated water, and 2H NMR spectroscopy, it is possible to non-invasively, serially, and quantitatively measure blood flow through tissue volumes as small as 0.05 ml. Measurements made with this technique show that changes in total tumor blood flow reflect local changes measured superficially by ... | US |
We infused endotoxin into anesthetized dogs while maintaining cardiac output. Whole body O2 uptake and arterial lactate concentration were measured at the same time with regional O2 uptake and lactate fluxes in muscle and gut. Even though whole body O2 uptake increased, so did arterial lactate levels. The different beh... | US |
Oxygen quenches phosphorescence by energy transfer from the phosphor when oxygen molecules collide with molecules of the phosphor in the excited triplet state. Thus increasing oxygen pressure causes an increase in the rate of decay of phosphorescence (shorter lifetimes) and a decrease in total phosphorescence intensity... | US |
Photon migration in highly scattering tissues such as muscle and brain gives optical pathlengths that are dependent upon absorption and scattering parameters, mu a, mu s'. Determination of these parameters gives the correct concentration of principal absorber such as hemoglobin in the red region of the spectrum. Determ... | US |
There was little dispute that endotoxin treatment of experimental animals could recreate the O2 extraction defect that had been observed in critically ill patients. The remaining question was whether or not this necessarily signified pervasive tissue hypoxia. Some limitation to O2 diffusion in the tissues had been post... | US |
The relationship between erythrocyte flow path length and transit time was studied using a probabilistic computer simulation of erythrocyte transit in morphometrically reconstructed cerebrocortical microvascular network of the rat. The results suggest (1) a near-cubic relationship between erythrocyte flow and vessel di... | US |
All stages of the O2 transport pathway are affected in some way by both acute and chronic altitude exposure. At any one stage, the effects are multiple, sometimes subtle, and frequently opposing. Clear-cut differences in responses to acute and to chronic altitude exposure are detectable but not in every case explainabl... | US |
The relation of oral contraceptive use to the risk of breast cancer was evaluated in a case-control study of women under the age of 70 years, conducted in Toronto, Canada, from 1982 through 1986. A total of 607 breast cancer cases identified in a cancer hospital were compared with 1,214 controls matched to the cases on... | US |
Little is known regarding serum albumin's epidemiologic relation to chronic disease. The relation of serum albumin to blood pressure was assessed in a longitudinal study of men who have been seen at 3- to 5-year intervals since the early 1960s. The authors analyzed data from over 20 years of observation using cross-sec... | US |
The relation between the abdominal accumulation of body fat, total-body adiposity, and blood glucose level and the risk of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus was evaluated prospectively among 1,972 male participants in the Department of Veterans Affairs Normative Aging Study cohort. The risk of non-insulin-depende... | US |
Several parameters of micronutrition related to antioxidant activity are reduced in individuals with sickle cell anemia (SCA). The data presented here suggest that vitamin E, specifically alpha tocopherol, has a significant correlation (r = -0.38, P < 0.04) with a retrospective survey of clinical events and a significa... | US |
We previously reported evidence for a lysosomal degradative pathway for APP and C-terminal fragments thereof, based on Western and immunocytochemical analysis of drug-treated cells. Here, we verify the existence of a lysosomal degradative pathway for APP using pulse chase immunoprecipitation analysis of drug-treated ce... | US |
The amyloid beta-protein precursor (APP) is the parent molecule to the amyloid beta-protein which is a major constituent of neuritic plaques and cerebrovascular deposits in Alzheimer's disease (AD). The protease inhibitor, protease nexin-2 (PN-2), is the secreted form of APP that contains the Kunitz protease inhibitor ... | US |
Two tyrosine sulfated proteins, chromogranin B and secretogranin II, are targeted into regulated secretory granules, which are stored until stimulation causes them to fuse with the plasma membrane. In PC12 cells, [35S]-sulfate labels chromogranin B, secretogranin II and proteoglycans just before they are sorted into th... | US |
Lysosomes are able to internalize cellular proteins in a variety of ways. One pathway is selective for cytosolic proteins containing peptide sequences biochemically related to Lys-Phe-Glu-Arg-Gln (KFERQ). This pathway is activated in confluent monolayers of cultured cells in response to deprivation of serum growth fact... | US |
Disturbed lysosomal function may be implicated at several stages of Alzheimer's pathogenesis. Lysosomes and acid hydrolases accumulate in the majority of neocortical pyramidal neurons before typical degenerative changes can be detected, indicating that altered lysosome function is among the earliest markers of metaboli... | US |
Teneral Glossina morsitans morsitans from outbred and susceptible stocks infected with Trypanosoma (Nannomonas) congolense developed, respectively, three and six times higher midgut infection rates than flies of the same stock which had previously taken a bloodmeal. Non-teneral G. m. morsitans remained relatively refra... | United Kingdom |
Amyloid beta-protein, the major constituent of amyloid plaques in Alzheimer's disease, is derived from larger amyloid precursor proteins (APP). Changes in the rates and or pathways of APP synthesis and degradation may be central to the deposition of beta-amyloid. We explored the possibility that APP processing is regul... | US |
The aim of this study was to determine the tissue distribution of carotenoids in palm oil and to correlate the accumulation of carotenoids with protection against oxidative stress. We found that: (i) After 2 weeks beta-carotene in the liver increased from 7.3 to 30 ng/g wet tissue; alpha-carotene and lycopene after 10 ... | US |
Concerns for family members of critically ill patients are evident in nursing literature; however, assessment parameters and intervention strategies during the critical care experience require further consideration. This article reviews the results of prior published and unpublished nursing research pertaining to needs... | US |
A dedicated scanning transmission electron microscope (STEM) at Brookhaven National Laboratory was used to visualize unstained freeze-dried ribosomal particles under conditions which considerably reduce the specimen distortion inherent in the heavy metal staining and air-drying preparative steps used in routine transmi... | US |
Tubulin polymerizes into two-dimensional, crystalline sheets in the presence of zinc ions. These sheets are well suited to structural studies by electron crystallography. We have developed conditions for forming sheets which are large and well ordered enough to provide both electron diffraction and image data to better... | US |
A combination of visible and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopies is used to characterize the formation of the M1 and M2 substates of the bacteriorhodopsin photocycle in glucose-embedded, hydrated thin films. Difference FTIR bands in the amide I region verify the previously reported existence of a significa... | US |
The Behavioral Syndromes Scale for Dementia (BSSD) is a new instrument that showed strong internal consistency and interrater reliability in an outpatient sample of 106 patients with probable Alzheimer's disease. Factor analysis provided support for a priori symptom groupings, particularly the syndromes of disinhibitio... | US |
The purpose of this study is twofold: to estimate the prevalence of depressive symptoms among older adults in four culturally diverse groups (white Americans, black Americans, Japanese, Taiwanese), and to assess whether there are cross-cultural variations in the way depressive symptoms are manifest. Data from three rec... | US |
Agitated behaviors in the nursing home pose a major problem for caregivers. Our data showed that the three syndromes of agitation--aggressive behaviors, physically nonaggressive behaviors, and verbally agitated behaviors--are differentially related to medical and psychosocial variables. Physically nonaggressive behavio... | US |
This prospective, non-randomized study was designed to evaluate the quality of life (QOL) of cancer patients receiving new cytotoxic therapy. QOL was measured using a linear analog self assessment scale (LASA). Cancer patients who received a phase I agent (n = 45) had no significant changes in any of the individual QOL... | US |
Recent reports demonstrated that perinatal exposure to cocaine (Coc) and amphetamines (Amph) predisposed the infant to adverse cardiovascular consequences. Dose- and time-dependent effects of Coc and Amph on postnatal rat myocardial cell cultures are described. Contractile activity, morphology, lactate dehydrogenase (L... | US |
Placing a dental implant elicits a time-dependent bone response controlled by wound-healing factors (cytokines, bioelectrical signals), biomechanics (gravitational, functional, and therapeutic loads), and mineral metabolism (hormones, diet, excretion). The osseous response to an implant involves four physiological stag... | US |
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