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Bluetongue virus-like and core-like structures consisting of multiproteins in different molar ratios, have been synthesized using baculovirus multiple expression vectors. These particles lacking genetic materials, mimic the single- and double-shelled authentic virus particles and have been shown to be highly immunogeni... | US |
Cell-mediated immune responses against Marek's disease virus (MDV)-antigens were examined using reticuloendotheliosis virus (REV)-transformed lymphoblastoid cell line CU91 and three cell lines derived from CU91. CU210 was established by establishing a latent MDV infection in CU91. Transfection of CU210 with pNL1, a sel... | US |
Factors influencing the direct transformation of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae with synthetic oligonucleotides were investigated by selecting for cyc1 transformants that contained at least partially functional iso-1-cytochrome c. Approximately 3 x 10(4) transformants, constituting 0.1% of the cells, were obtained ... | US |
We have localized the locus for the vitamin D receptor (VDR) responsible for hypocalcemic vitamin D-resistant rickets (HVDRR), close to the pseudovitamin D-deficient rickets (PDDR) locus, another disorder related to impaired vitamin D metabolism. PDDR (formerly vitamin D dependency type I, VDD1) was recently mapped to ... | US |
Whole cell patch-clamp techniques were used to characterize the electrophysiological properties of cells from the inner stripe portion of the rabbit outer medullary collecting duct (OMCDi) grown in primary culture. With pipette and bathing solutions mimicking intracellular and extracellular fluid, the resting membrane ... | US |
This study was designed to test the hypothesis that the changes in renal hemodynamics that occur after a high-protein meal involve voltage-dependent calcium channels. In chronically instrumented female dogs, a 10-g/kg meal of raw beef caused plasma alpha-amino nitrogen levels to increase from 3.9 +/- 0.2 to 6.7 +/- 0.5... | US |
In deoxycorticosterone acetate (DOCA)-NaCl hypertension, the effects of vasopressin (VP) in the cortical collecting tubule (CCT) are exaggerated. These include both the biochemical effect of VP-stimulated adenosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate (cAMP) formation in the CCT and physiological effects of VP-mediated sodium an... | US |
Cells from the inner stripe of the rabbit outer medullary collecting duct (OMCDi) were grown in primary culture, and their acid-base transport properties were characterized using intracellular pH (pHi) measurements with the fluorescent probe 2',7'-bis(carboxyethyl)-5(6)-carboxyfluorescein (BCECF). Basal pHi in HCO(3-)-... | US |
We tested the hypothesis that intracoronary administration of L-arginine (L-Arg), the physiological nitric oxide (NO) precursor, during reperfusion would attenuate postischemic damage by L-Arg NO-pathway mechanisms. Open-chest, anesthetized dogs underwent 60 min of left anterior descending coronary arterial (LAD) occlu... | US |
The effect of vasopressin analogues on plasma adenosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate (cAMP) concentration was examined in a group of five conscious dogs instrumented for the measurement of arterial pressure and cardiac output (electromagnetic flowmeter). These dogs were infused for 20 min with a selective antidiuretic (V... | US |
Both gram-negative infection and bacterial endotoxin (lipopolysaccharide, LPS) produce a marked neutropenia and increase glucose disposal by peripheral tissues. The purpose of the present study was to determine whether leukocyte depletion before these insults would diminish the commonly observed increases in tissue glu... | US |
In several models of salt appetite in the rat, stimulated NaCl intake can be severely blunted by treatments associated with pituitary release of oxytocin (OT). Central administration of the potent dipsogen angiotensin II (ANG II) is known to elicit a limited salt appetite as well as thirst, but it has also been reporte... | US |
Several antibiotics are concentrated inside polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN). To investigate whether PMN could act as vehicles for delivery of antibiotics, we combined an assay measuring PMN chemotaxis under agarose with a bioassay measuring levels of antibiotic in agar. Double-layer plates were made by pouring a lay... | US |
The benefits of postexposure 3'-azido-3'-dideoxythymidine (AZT) prophylaxis following human immunodeficiency virus exposure are unknown. We describe a comprehensive assessment of pre- and postexposure AZT therapy in the feline leukemia virus (FeLV)-cat model for AIDS which included in vitro testing, an in vivo dose-res... | US |
DNA topoisomerases, a class of enzymes that change the topological structure of DNA, have been shown to be the target of many therapeutic agents, including antibacterial agents (quinolones) and anticancer agents. These drugs inhibit the enzyme in a unique way so that the enzyme is converted into a cellular poison. Cand... | US |
Atrial natriuretic peptide lowers arterial pressure and increases hematocrit through reduction in plasma volume caused by a transcapillary shift of plasma fluid and protein toward the interstitium. Cyclic GMP, the second messenger of atrial natriuretic peptide is catabolized by cGMP-phosphodiesterase; therefore we exam... | US |
We expressed milligram amounts of functional human 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 receptor in a bacterial expression system in which the cloned cDNA for the hVDR was expressed under the control of bacterial T7 polymerase. The hVDR protein comprised approximately 60% of total bacterial protein. It migrated on polyacrylamide-s... | US |
The steroid hormone 1 alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin-D3 [1 alpha,25(OH)2D3] stimulates biological responses via both genomic mechanisms and nongenomic mechanisms (opening of voltage-gated Ca2+ channels). We report here that 1 beta, 25(OH)2-vitamin-D3 (a) is devoid of activity as an agonist for transcaltachia, (b) is a poten... | US |
We have observed dephosphorylation of the soluble, 48 kDa insulin receptor tyrosine kinase domain following its tyrosine autophosphorylation. Dephosphorylation was associated with generation of inorganic phosphate, thereby making catalysis by reversal of the kinase reaction unlikely. The kinase domain preparations coul... | US |
It has been reported that vitamin K deficiency in the rat markedly increases the 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 receptor (VDR) binding to DNA and that vitamin K-dependent gamma-carboxylation of endogenous substrates of the intestinal and renal cytosol, also containing VDR, sharply reduced that binding (Sergeev, I.N., and Spi... | US |
The amino acid composition of flavokinase has been determined to contain five arginyl and four lysyl residues per mole. Flavokinase is inactivated by arginine-specific reagents. The substrates riboflavin and especially ATP impede inactivation, whereas neither of the products, ADP or FMN, protect. Among lysine-modifying... | US |
Acute unilateral nephrectomy (AUN) causes natriuresis from the contralateral kidney through neurohumoral reflex pathways that involve an increase in the plasma of peptides derived from the N-terminal region of the adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)/beta-endorphin precursor proopiomelanocortin (POMC). To determine the s... | US |
Hypertrophy of renal proximal tubular cells is associated with an early increase in Na+/H+ antiport activity both in vivo and in vitro. The purpose of the study presented here was to determine whether functioning Na+/H+ antiport activity is required for hypertrophy to occur. LLC-PK1 cells deficient in Na+/H+ antiport a... | US |
Angiotensin II (ANG II), atrial natriuretic peptide III (ANP), and sodium nitroprusside (SNP) alter capillary hydraulic conductivity in isolated glomeruli. These agents also affect cyclic nucleotide levels of glomerular epithelial cells (GEC). ANG II increases cAMP, whereas ANP and SNP increase cGMP. The effects of the... | US |
In chronic renal failure (CRF), a multitude of metabolic derangements occur in the pancreatic islets, resulting in impaired glucose-induced insulin secretion. These abnormalities include a rise in the basal level of cytosolic calcium ([Ca2+]i) in the islet, a decrease in their basal and stimulated ATP and ATP/ADP ratio... | US |
This article describes a networking and integration strategy in use at the University of Michigan Medical Center. This strategy builds upon the existing technology base and is designed to provide a roadmap that will direct short-term development along a productive, long-term path. It offers a way to permit the short-te... | US |
The developing Integrated Academic Information System (IAIMS) at Columbia-Presbyterian Medical Center provides data sharing links between two separate corporate entities, namely Columbia University Medical School and The Presbyterian Hospital, using a network-based architecture. Multiple database servers with heterogen... | US |
The Medical Library at Yale University has developed an online free-text database containing Current Contents citations. The database was designed to be integrated into an emerging campus-wide information environment. To this end Current Contents at Yale was designed with a user interface familiar to the Yale community... | US |
An automated sequential sampling system for the measurement of particulate acid aerosols was developed in order to allow the routine collection of daily samples with only once-per-week site visits. The system's design, operation, and associated quality assurance (QA), quality control (QC), and data validation procedure... | US |
As part of a multi-year study of air pollution and respiratory hospital admissions in the Buffalo, Albany, and New York City, New York, metropolitan areas, filter samples were collected daily at suburban air monitoring sites and analyzed for their content of particulate phase aerosol strong acidity (i.e., hydrogen ion,... | US |
We examined the responsiveness of normal and neoplastic lung cells to agents which stimulate cAMP production. While their basal cAMP levels were similar, spontaneous in vitro transformant E9 cells and tumor-derived PCC4 cells produced much less cAMP in response to 1 microM isoproterenol compared to non-tumorigenic C10 ... | US |
The replication of DNA in the eukaryotic cell cycle is one of the most highly regulated events in cell growth and division. Biochemical studies on the replication of the genome of the small DNA virus simian virus 40 (SV40) have resulted in the identification of a number of DNA replication proteins from human cells. One... | US |
A form of protein phosphatase-1 (PP1M), which possesses 25-fold higher activity towards the P light chain of myosin (in heavy meromyosin) than other forms of protein phosphatase-1, was purified over 200,000-fold from the myofibrillar fraction of rabbit skeletal muscle. PP1M, which eluted from Superose 12 with an appare... | United Kingdom |
Pregnant female rhesus monkeys were exposed to a 2-week period of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) to determine whether it would affect the early neuromotor development of their fetuses in a manner similar to that observed after psychological stressors. During the first month after birth, infants were tested on two o... | US |
The effects of ultraviolet-inactivated feline leukemia virus (UV-FeLV) on the production of alpha and/or beta interferon (IFN) by mononuclear cells stimulated with the Newcastle disease virus (IFN-NDV) was investigated. The production of IFN-NDV and gamma IFN was suppressed by 50% as compared to the control in the pres... | US |
The beneficial effect of cervical cytology in reducing the incidence of invasive cervical cancer is well accepted, but many issues regarding specific patterns of screening remain to be resolved, and preventive programmes need to be adapted to regional characteristics. In a case-control study conducted in Latin America,... | US |
Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), a C19 adrenal steroid hormone, induces peroxisome proliferation in liver cells and is hepatocarcinogenic in the rat. The present study deals with the phenotypic properties of DHEA-induced liver lesions. A majority of the altered areas (80-87%), neoplastic nodules (> 94%) and hepatocellula... | US |
To test the hypothesis that enhanced expression of the vasopressin gene accompanies the development of deoxycorticosterone acetate (DOCA)-salt hypertension in the rat and to compare the response with those observed during chronic hypernatremia. | US |
Anti-inflammatory actions of dexamethasone (DEXA), Cyclosporin A (CSA) and Rapamycin (RAPA) were assessed on uveitis induced by intravitreal E-coli Endotoxin (100ng) in rabbits at 24 hrs. In this model, endotoxin caused a breakdown of the blood-aqueous barrier (BAB) and polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN) infiltration ... | US |
The inhibitory effects of local anesthetics (LAs) of cocaine and bupivacaine optical isomers on Na+ currents were studied in clonal GH3 cells under whole-cell patch clamp conditions. At holding potential of -100 mV, all four isomers inhibited peak Na+ currents when the cell was stimulated infrequently. The dose-respons... | US |
Ion and voltage dependencies of sodium-calcium exchange current were studied in giant membrane patches from guinea pig ventricular cells after deregulation of the exchanger with chymotrypsin. (a) Under zero-trans conditions, the half-maximum concentration (Kh) of cytoplasmic calcium (Cai) for activation of the isolated... | US |
Neuropil threads (NT) in the middle temporal gyrus (MTG) were quantitated by computerized image analysis from five patients each with Alzheimer's disease (AD), Pick's disease (PD), and diffuse Lewy body disease (DLBD), four patients with progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP), and five cognitively normal control subjects... | US |
The mammalian pineal gland and its main hormone, melatonin, working in conjunction with the hypothalamic suprachiasmatic nuclei, synchronize circadian rhythm and hence refine numerous physiological and biochemical parameters. An interaction among melatonin, opioids, and analgesia has been suspected for many years, sinc... | US |
1. Wide-tipped, low-resistance (approximately 1 M omega) pipettes were used to record the whole-cell Cl- current activated by cAMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA) in guinea-pig ventricular myocytes internally dialysed with or without GTP. Without GTP in the pipette, the response to 1 microM-isoprenaline declined with ti... | US |
1. Intracellular pH (pHi) of cultured human airway epithelial cells from normal and cystic fibrosis (CF) subjects were measured with double-barrelled pH-sensitive liquid exchanger microelectrodes. The cells, which were grown to confluence on a permeable collagen matrix support, were mounted in a modified miniature Ussi... | US |
1. The whole-cell variation of the patch clamp technique was used to study the effect of calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) on voltage-gated calcium currents in acutely dissociated rat nodose ganglion neurones and to determine if its effects were mediated via a guanine nucleotide binding (G) protein. 2. Both low- a... | US |
1. We have studied the kinetics of inactivation of sodium currents evoked in Schwann cells from neonatal and adult rabbits with patch-clamp recording techniques. The decay both of whole-cell currents and of ensemble currents obtained from outside-out patches was reasonably well-described by single exponential fits whic... | US |
Nerve growth factor (NGF) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) are structurally related survival and differentiation factors for distinct sets of peripheral and central neurons. The regulation of NGF gene expression has been extensively studied in L929 mouse fibroblasts. L929 cells also express the BDNF gene. N... | US |
Predictions are that the integration of multiple information systems of a medical center will change the way doctors work and practice medicine in the future. Several major steps must be taken by an institution to make this a reality. The IAIMS program sponsored by the NLM is designed to achieve integration of resource... | US |
Enantiomers of 2-(p-chlorophenoxy) propionic acid, compounds acting specifically on chloride channels of adult rat skeletal muscles, have been tested on extensor digitorum longus (EDL) muscle of developing and aged rats, in an attempt to characterize the chloride channels responsible for the low chloride conductance (G... | Italy |
Mossy fiber activity was recorded from the oculomotor vermis (lobules VIc and VII) during visually guided saccades. Saccade-related activities of 99 mossy fiber units were observed in two alert macaque monkeys. Ninety-six units were characterized by high-frequency bursts of firing in response to visually guided saccade... | US |
A quantitative analysis of taurine effect (facilitation of acid handling capacity of brain in response to anoxia/hypoxia by high levels of cytosolic taurine) was performed utilizing multinuclear (1H, 31P) in vivo nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and in vitro titration analysis. Taurine effects observed in ... | US |
While enkephalin and dynorphin peptides have been well characterized in the spinal cord, the cellular localization of beta-endorphin (beta E) and the processing of pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC) to beta E and other non-opioid peptides in the cord have not been extensively investigated. Other investigators have characteriz... | US |
The present experiments examined whether behavioral conditioned responses (CRs) develop to LiCl-paired contextual and odor stimuli, and whether these CRs are similar to the behaviors observed following the administration of the drug. During conditioning, a novel context (Experiment 1) or a novel odor (Experiment 2) was... | US |
Previous researchers have assumed that malaise-inducing drugs condition aversions to tastes more readily than to textural stimuli. The present report shows that rats given a single injection of lithium chloride after they have sampled a viscous fluid, subsequently showed greater avoidance of that fluid than did control... | US |
The tail flick withdrawal reflex (TFR) was generated by applying graded electric current to the tail of intact and spinally transected rats. In Experiment 1, separate groups of rats were tested 1, 3, 7, 10, 14, or 21 days after spinal transection. The latency, amplitude, and magnitude of the TFR was highly related to c... | US |
Sixty-six patients with germ cell tumors (GCTs) refractory to cisplatin plus etoposide/vinblastine-based therapy were treated with cisplatin, ifosfamide, and either etoposide (VIP) (50 patients) or vinblastine (VeIP) (16 patients). Sixty-two patients were evaluable for response. Twenty-one patients (34%) achieved a com... | US |
Long-term survival after the diagnosis of malignant glioma is uncommon but not rare. To define better the population of patients who have extended survival with this disease, we reviewed the records of 22 of our patients who survived more than 4 years after the biopsy-proven diagnosis of anaplastic astrocytoma, maligna... | US |
The membrane actions of three recently isolated polypeptide neurotoxins from the sea anemones Stichodactyla helianthus (toxin ShI), Condylactis gigantea (toxin CgII) and Calliactis parasitica (toxin CpI) were investigated on action potentials and voltage-clamp membrane currents of the giant axon of the crayfish Procamb... | US |
In eukaryotes, the ubiquitin-dependent protoelytic pathway is one of the major routes by which intracellular proteins are selectively destroyed. Recent work has shown that conjugation of ubiquitin to substrate proteins is mediated by a remarkably diverse array of enzymes. Proteolytic targeting may also be regulated at ... | US |
Mouse mammary tumor proviruses (MMTV) use a common enhancer/promoter region to accommodate their transcription in two different cellular environments. In mammary tissue, transcription is regulated through the hormone response element located in the 5' LTR. In B cells, transcription is hormone independent, can be stimul... | US |
Cytochrome c oxidase activity in isolated tumor mitochondria was inhibited by exposure to 570-800 nm of light after addition of cationic dye 1. The alteration in enzyme activity is a consequence of the formation of the highly reactive oxygen species, singlet oxygen, a photochemical product resulting from the irradiatio... | US |
A complete protocol for the expression of recombinant cytochrome c genes from yeast, Drosophila melanogaster, and rat in a yeast strain, GM-3C-2, which does not express its own cytochromes c is described. The construction of the expression vectors, transformation and large-scale growth of the yeast, and preparation and... | US |
A synthetic gene encoding the Group II phospholipase A2 (PLA2) from the venom of Agkistrodon piscivorus piscivorus has been constructed and expressed with high efficiency in Escherichia coli. No enzymatic activity was recovered when the polypeptide contained the initiator Met residue. Replacement of an Asn residue penu... | US |
The new generation of hospital-based neutron therapy facilities involve cyclotrons using protons on beryllium. The spectrum of neutrons produced includes a large and variable proportion of low-energy neutrons that are poorly penetrating but biologically effective. Cells cultured in vitro were used to compare the three ... | US |
The nucleus paragigantocellularis (PGi), located in the rostral ventrolateral medulla, is one of two major afferents to the nucleus locus coeruleus (LC). Electrical stimulation of PGi exerts a robust, predominantly excitatory influence on LC neurons that is blocked by intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) administration of ... | US |
The purpose of this study was to (1) examine the effects of central administration of bombesin on the activity of tuberoinfundibular dopaminergic (DA) neurons in male and female rats, and (2) determine if sexual differences in the responsiveness of these neurons to bombesin were due to the presence of prolactin or gona... | US |
Chromosome abnormalities are found in feline leukemia virus (FeLV)-infected tumor cells as well as in tumor cells free of the virus. Three cell lines derived from tumors in the domestic cat (Felis catus), two of thymic origin and one of multicentric lymphoma origin, were analyzed cytogenetically to determine whether th... | US |
Capillary occlusion is an early event in the development of diabetic retinopathy, and white blood cells have recently been shown to be involved. We have shown previously that pentoxifylline improves deformability and decreases F-actin content of unstimulated polymorphonuclear leukocytes from normal human subjects. The ... | US |
The retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) is able to perform a variety of functions because of its high degree of plasma membrane polarity. Some aspects of this polarity such as the localization of the majority of Na-K ATPase to the apical membrane distinguish the RPE from kidney cells and most other transporting epithelia.... | US |
1. The effects of clinical inhalation anaesthetics, such as halothane and methoxyflurane, and "model" anaesthetics, such as hydrocarbons and n-alkanols, on neuronal sodium and potassium channels are reviewed. 2. Lipid-based mechanisms for the actions of anaesthetics on the gating parameters of squid axon sodium and del... | United Kingdom |
The combination of transcriptional and translational control elements in an inducible expression vector suitable for use in stably transformed cell lines was explored. To this end, ferritin translational control elements have been inserted downstream from a mouse metallothionein (mMT-I) transcriptional promoter (PmMT-I... | US |
The in vitro fidelity of the virion-associated RNA polymerase of vesicular stomatitis virus was quantitated for a single conserved viral RNA site and the usual high in vitro base misincorporation error frequencies (approx. 10(-3)) were observed at this (guanine) site. We sought evidence for RNA 3'-->5' exonuclease proo... | US |
Beta-adrenergic signal transduction is primarily responsible for the control of the protein secretions by salivary cells. To examine the relationship between beta-adrenergic signal transduction and beta-adrenergic agonist-stimulated salivary secretion, we simultaneously assessed beta-adrenergic receptor number and pilo... | US |
Fifteen patients with advanced, cisplatin-refractory germ cell tumors (GCT) were treated with iproplatin (CHIP). No objective responses were noted in any of the patients treated. By restricting the entry criteria to heavily pre-treated patients, the identification of new active agents in phase II trials may be hindered... | US |
We treated 34 chemotherapy-naive patients with stage IIIb or IV non-small cell lung cancer with trimetrexate 150-200 mg/m2 intravenously over 30 minutes every two weeks. Six of 31 evaluable patients (19%) achieved a partial response. The major toxic effects from this regimen were myelosuppression, nausea/vomiting, and ... | US |
Intracellular Ca2+ accumulation is implicated in the pathogenesis of myocardial reperfusion injury. To study approaches designed to modify Ca2+ uptake during coronary revascularization after acute infarction, a pig heart surgical infarct model (left anterior descending artery occlusion for 60 min) was subjected to 60 m... | US |
Herpes simplex virus (HSV) has been shown to cause central nervous system demyelination in experimental animals and several studies have implicated HSV in the aetiology of multiple sclerosis (MS). We have used the polymerase chain reaction to look for DNA of both type 1 HSV (HSV-1) and type 2 HSV (HSV-2) in formalin-fi... | United Kingdom |
The placenta secretes large amounts of the hypothalamic releasing hormone, corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH), into both the maternal and fetal circulation during pregnancy. We characterized the relationship between maternal plasma CRH and products of the pituitary and adrenal in order to investigate the physiologic... | US |
The present study was designed to determine the neurotransmitter(s) involved in activation of noradrenergic locus coeruleus neurons by urinary bladder distention. The spontaneous discharge rate of single locus coeruleus neurons was recorded from halothane-anesthetized rats during the physiological challenge of bladder ... | US |
The endogenous opioid peptides are known to play a significant role in the modulation and/or mediation of numerous environmental or experimental stressors. However, the specific opioid peptide(s) and receptor type(s) involved, under what physiologic conditions they are engaged and within which regions of the CNS is not... | US |
Results from previous studies have suggested that the hypothalamus modulates cardiorespiratory responses to hypoxia and/or hypercapnia. Many neurons in the caudal hypothalamus are stimulated by hypercapnia and hypoxia in vivo; however, it is not known if these responses are dependent upon input from other areas. Whole-... | US |
Discharges from 61 saccadic burst neurons in the fastigial oculomotor region were recorded for two trained macaque monkeys during vision-guided or memory-guided saccades or spontaneous saccades in the dark. Although these neurons exhibited vigorous, burst discharges during both vision-guided and memory-guided saccades,... | US |
Neonatal mouse pups were injected subcutaneously with polyoma virus to induce odontogenic tumors. This treatment resulted in a spectrum of tumors that arose in organs dependent upon epithelial-mesenchymal interactions for their organogenesis, which included the teeth, salivary glands, thymus, and lacrimal glands. In ad... | US |
The effects of oxymetazoline nose drops on the vascular permeability of the nasal mucosa in a provoked inflammatory reaction was studied in anesthetized rabbits. Vascular permeability (125I-albumin) was 53% higher in the leukotriene B4-provoked nostril (LTB4) compared with the vehicle-treated contralateral nostril (p <... | US |
Cytosolic calcium signals evoked by the sulphydryl-group-oxidising agent, thimerosal, have been investigated in acutely isolated pancreatic acinar cells. Two techniques were employed for the assessment of the cytosolic free-calcium concentration ([Ca2+]i): measurement of calcium-dependent chloride and non-specific cati... | United Kingdom |
A whole-cell early transient outward current occurs in rat myoballs if and only if there is an immediately preceding current of large amplitude through the voltage-gated, tetrodotoxin-inhibitable Na+ channel. This early outward transient is a K+ current, designated IK(Na+). Under the conditions in which IK(Na+) appears... | US |
Previous work suggests that iomazenil (formerly known as Ro 16-0154) is a useful ligand for static imaging of the benzodiazepine (BZ) receptor with single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT). The present study evaluated the feasibility of dynamic SPECT imaging of cerebral radioactivity following intravenous [12... | US |
Etoposide has proven to be an active agent in the treatment of a variety of neoplasms, particularly germ cell cancers and small cell lung cancer. Yet despite its widespread use, the optimal dose and schedule for etoposide remain unknown. The fact that its efficacy appears to be schedule dependent, along with the recent... | US |
Intracellular pH (pHi) of cultured bovine trabecular cells was measured using video-imaging techniques with a pH-sensitive intracellular fluorescent dye, BCECF. In bicarbonate-rich Ringer at pH 7.4, pHi was 7.29 +/- 0.03 (+/- SEM, n = 12 monolayers, 120 cells sampled). Exposure to 20 mM NH4Cl immediately alkalinized pH... | US |
A number of authors have presented evidence that high dietary fat increases the risk of breast cancer, and a number have presented evidence to the contrary. In this study, dietary histories were obtained in 1980 from 18,586 postmenopausal women in New York State. These women were followed through 1987 to ascertain thei... | US |
Characterization of 2-(2'-phosphoryloxyphenyl)-4(3H)-quinazolinone (PPQ) derivatives as fluorogenic precipitating substrates of phosphatases is reported in this work. Soluble and colorless PPQ derivatives can be specifically hydrolyzed by acid and alkaline phosphatases into insoluble products, 2-(2'-hydroxyphenyl)-4(3H... | US |
2',3'-Dideoxy-5-fluoro-3'-thiacytidine (FTC) is a nucleoside analog that selectively inhibits human immunodeficiency and hepatitis B viruses in vitro. In this study, the preclinical pharmacokinetics of racemic FTC in rhesus monkeys following intravenous and oral administration were characterized. The terminal half-life... | US |
In Helix aspersa, activation of the cerebral giant serotonin neurones (GSNs) evokes a biphasic, excitatory synaptic response in the M neurones of the buccal ganglia. Local application of serotonin to the current-clamped M neurones also evokes fast and slow depolarizing responses. The slow response is thought to be depe... | United Kingdom |
In the present study, peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were obtained from HIV+ subjects as well as cardiac transplant recipients, and the presence of A- and B-type Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) was determined using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Of the HIV+ patients studied, 24% were found to be infected wit... | US |
Both pertussis and cholera toxins inhibit oxytocin-stimulated phosphoinositide turnover in rat myometrium. The actions of pertussis and cholera toxins as well as those of CPTcAMP are reversed by H-8, an inhibitor of protein kinase A. H-8 does not have a major effect on cAMP elevation by the toxins in the presence of ox... | US |
Retinoic acid regulates gene expression by binding to receptors that are ligand-dependent transcription factors. The different types of RARs may mediate the diverse effects of RA on different tissues at different stages of development. This implies RAR expression will be spatially and temporally regulated during normal... | United Kingdom |
To investigate the physical mechanism by which melittin inhibits Ca-adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase) activity in sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) membranes, we have used electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy to probe the effect of melittin on lipid-protein interactions in SR. Previous studies have shown that melitti... | US |
Recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH) previously has been demonstrated to promote human or mouse T-cell engraftment in immunodeficient mice. We then wanted to examine long-term effects of rhGH on human cell engraftment in these mice. Mice with severe combined immune deficiency (SCID) were given human peripheral blood... | US |
Catechol estrogens (CE) are among the major metabolites of estrone (E1) and 17 beta-estradiol (E2). Oxidation of these metabolites to semiquinones and quinones could generate ultimate carcinogenic forms of E1 and E2. The 2,3- and 3,4-quinones of E1 and E2 were synthesized by MnO2 oxidation of the corresponding CE, foll... | US |
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