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Couldn't infer the same data file format for all splits. Got {NamedSplit('train'): (None, {}), NamedSplit('validation'): ('json', {})}

Error code:   FileFormatMismatchBetweenSplitsError

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EarthSynth-180K Dataset

EarthSynth-180K

EarthSynth-180K is a multi-source remote-sensing dataset for mask-conditioned image synthesis and semantic understanding. It was introduced in EarthSynth: Generating Informative Earth Observation with Diffusion Models.

Hosted data

The counts below were read directly from the hosted Train archive and the locally audited Validation split on October 9, 2026. They replace earlier provisional counts.

Split	Paired images/masks	Hosted annotations	Format
Train	185,365	Semantic masks	PNG pairs in a split ZIP
Validation	6,836	Semantic masks	PNG pairs in a split ZIP

The currently hosted archives do not contain JSONL prompt files or the single-category augmented split. Text prompts can be derived from the class IDs, but derived prompts are not included in this release.

Each archive contains matching relative filenames under:

train/images/*.png
train/masks/*.png
val/images/*.png
val/masks/*.png

Download and extract

Install the Hugging Face CLI and download a snapshot:

hf download jaychempan/EarthSynth-180K --repo-type dataset --local-dir EarthSynth-180K

Reassemble each archive from its byte-contiguous parts:

cat EarthSynth-180K/train/train.zip_part_* > train.zip
unzip train.zip

cat EarthSynth-180K/val/val.zip_part_* > val.zip
unzip val.zip

Validation audit

The Validation split was checked exhaustively before upload:

6,836 images and 6,836 masks; filenames pair one-to-one.
All 13,672 PNG files decode successfully.
Every image/mask pair has matching dimensions.
Masks store class IDs replicated across the RGB channels. In RGBA masks, Alpha is uniformly 255 and is not a class label.
Observed semantic class IDs are 0-66 except ID 11, which is not represented in this split.
Two retained source pairs have all-background masks: LD_2832.png and LD_3438.png.

Full counts, class statistics, file sizes, and SHA-256 checksums are in val/val_audit.json.

Validation archive SHA-256 after concatenating the parts:

d56067e9a4b2eddfe07ec05a1abcfbc47d68913fd53621a396b1da325b2994ec  val.zip

Mask classes

Class IDs use the following mapping:

0 background; 1 bare land; 2 grass; 3 pavement; 4 road; 5 tree;
6 water; 7 agriculture land; 8 building; 9 forest land; 10 barren land;
11 urban land; 12 large vehicle; 13 swimming pool; 14 helicopter;
15 bridge; 16 plane; 17 ship; 18 soccer ball field; 19 basketball court;
20 ground track field; 21 small vehicle; 22 baseball diamond; 23 tennis court;
24 roundabout; 25 storage tank; 26 harbor; 27 container crane; 28 airport;
29 helipad; 30 chimney; 31 expressway service area;
32 expressway toll station; 33 dam; 34 golf field; 35 overpass; 36 stadium;
37 train station; 38 vehicle; 39 windmill; 40 A220; 41 A321; 42 A330;
43 A350; 44 ARJ21; 45 Boeing737; 46 Boeing747; 47 Boeing777;
48 Boeing787; 49 bus; 50 C919; 51 cargo truck; 52 dry cargo ship;
53 dump truck; 54 engineering ship; 55 excavator; 56 fishing boat;
57 intersection; 58 liquid cargo ship; 59 motorboat; 60 passenger ship;
61 tractor; 62 trailer; 63 truck tractor; 64 tugboat; 65 van; 66 warship