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Dr. Sally Ride, the first American woman in space as well as the youngest American in space and founder of Sally Ride Science passed away today after a seventeen-month battle with pancreatic cancer. She was 61 years old. Dr. Ride is survived by her partner of 27 years, Dr. Tam O’Shaughnessy, who is the COO and Executive Vice President of Sally Ride Science, along with her mother, Joyce, and her sister, Bear. Sally Kristen Ride earned a Ph.D. in physics from Stanford University, and joined NASA in 1978 in response to a newspaper ad she read. Ride was aboard the space shuttle Challenger in 1983 and became America’s first woman in space. She took a second trip on the same shuttle one year later. She left NASA in 1987 for a position at Stanford University’s Center for International Security and Arms Control. "As the first American woman to travel into space, Sally was a national hero and a powerful role model," President Obama said soon after news of her death broke. "She inspired generations of young girls to reach for the stars and later fought tirelessly to help them get there by advocating for a greater focus on science and math in our schools. Sally's life showed us that there are no limits to what we can achieve and I have no doubt that her legacy will endure for years to come." GLAAD urges everyone to take a moment today to reflect on the memory of Dr. Sally Ride.
Connect to share and comment The search for Kony and his Lord's Resistance Army needs more troops and helicopters, say field researchers. BOSTON — What will it take to catch Joseph Kony and bring an end to the scourge of his Lord’s Resistance Army in Central Africa? Kony is now a household word in the US and much of the world thanks to the “Kony 2012” video released in early March that has been viewed by more 100 million people. The video campaign has raised awareness and helped to boost the military campaign to track down Kony. But more effort is needed. The 100 American military advisers are working closely with army troops from Uganda and the Central African Republic to catch Kony. But that has not stopped the LRA’s violence, so far this year there have been 50 attacks, nine deaths and 90 abductions, according to a new field report “Mission in the Balance: Challenges for US Advisers in Helping to end the LRA,” issued by the Enough Project. Kony’s LRA is reduced to about 200 to 300 fighters that have broken up into small groups, according to Michael Poffenberger, executive director of Resolve, an anti-Kony pressure group in Washington. “The relatively small number of LRA fighters have had a disproportionate impact across central Africa where their attacks, killings and abductions have caused more thatn 400,000 people to be displaced,” Poffenberger told GlobalPost. “More needs to be done to reduce the violence and to allow people to return to productive lives.” The small bands of LRA are spread out among the thick jungle of the Central African Republic, Sudan and the Democratic Republic of Congo. Kony himself is suspected to be in Sudan, and there is speculation that he is getting support from Sudan President Omar al-Bashir. “It’s no accident that Kony and other LRA fighters are operating in these areas. They are some of the most remote areas on the planet,” said Poffenberger. “The government administrations are weak to non-existent, they heavy forest makes it difficult to track them. These areas do not have paved roads, bridges and FM radio networks. Uganda has that kind of infrastructure which helped the Ugandan army to pursue and push the LRA out of their territory.” In addition to Kony himself there are about five to 10 senior LRA commanders who run marauding bands, said Poffenberger. One of Kony’s top commanders, Caesar Acellam, was captured on May 12 in the Central African Republic. He was Kony's intelligence chief and the most senior LRA commander to be taken captive. It is hoped Acellam will provide strategic information that will boost the campaign against Kony. Small units of the Ugandan army had been tracking the movements of ‘Major General’ Acellam for at least a month. Laying siege throughout the day and night, Acellam was finally apprehended when he walked into a dragnet along the Mbomou River that marks the border between the Democratic Republic of Congo and the aCentral African Republic, reported the Ugandan Observer. In order to avoid detection, Acellam was reportedly dressed like the ordinary cattle keepers that roam the jungles of the Central African Republic with their herds. Despite his modest education, having completed high school in northern Ugdanda, Acellam was one of the most meticulous and dangerous LRA commanders. Acellam’s capture was welcomed by the Commander of the United States Africa Command (AFRICOM) Gen. Carter F. Ham. "I am confident Joseph Kony will be brought to justice. I am not confident when it will happen,' said Ham in an interview with Uganda’s New Vision newspaper. 'It is looking for a small group in a vast rugged area. The capture of Acellam is a good step. The questions that will be asked Acellam will help the forces learn about the status of LRA,' he pointed out.” Ugandan authorities are debating whether Acellam will be eligible for amnesty, if he informs against Kony, or if he must be charged for the LRA violence, according to AP. The success in catching Acellam highlights the need for more such measures to capture Kony. “The mission of the US troops will fail in its objective of capturing Kony and ending the LRA unless some serious enhancements are added to the overall effort,” said John Prendergast, Enough Project co-founder. “What a waste of taxpayers’ money it will have been t send US forces to the region and then not have ensured that sufficient elements are in place for the mission to succeed.” So what can be done to close the net on Kony and restore peace in central Africa? 1) More troops and better coordination. Currently the backbone of the anti-Kony drive is a contingent of 800 Ugandan army soldiers. More troops are needed to cover the huge area. And they need better regional agreements that will permit them to pursue the LRA across the borders Central African Republic and Congo and Sudan. 2) More airpower. Airplanes and especially helicopters can best survey the vast tracts of land where the LRA roam. Helicopters can best transport army troops to areas where they can go after the LRA. 3) Better communications and community relations. Not all the effort against Kony is military. Community radio broadcasts and leaflets dropped by air can help reach out to Kony’s men and encourage them to surrender. They can be assured that they can return to their home communities and a peaceful way of life. This could be an important way to reduce Kony’s support. “The disturbing fact is that the LRA continues to operate freely in the border areas of the Congo, South Sudan and the Central African Republic,” said Kasper Agger, Enough’s field researcher who is based in Kampala. “Only a multi-faceted approach, including increased troops and air power on the military side and increased communications encouraging LRA members to surrender, will succeed in bringing and end to the more than 20 years of violence and atrocities that Kony and LRA have spread across central Africa.”
A father from Wotton-under-Edge has been doing his bit to help stabilise war-torn Afghanistan. Iain King, who comes from Charfield and went to Katharine Lady Berkeley’s School between 1982 and 1989, works as a stabilisation officer and has recently been based in Helmand Province. He works in HMG’s Stabilisation Unit, which provides specialist assistance to countries emerging from violent conflict. The job involves working alongside the UK military to bring development and governance in remote parts. He has recently been mentoring Afghani District Governors, helping them govern their districts. “It is just like our district councils in this country,” said the Oxford graduate, whose parents live in Oldcroft, near Yorkley. “I work with the political leader to form the councils which will hopefully restore some kind of normality to their political structure.” This is not the 39 year-old’s first assignment of its kind. After graduating in 1993 after studying politics, philosophy and economics, Iain was assigned to Northern Ireland. “It was absolutely fascinating,” he said. “I learned a lot from my time there and have taken the knowledge with me on other assignments.” He finished his recent assignment in Helmand in November last year, after beginning the project in January. One thing in particular struck a chord with him during his time overseas. “I realised how good our soldiers are,” said the father-of-two. “I go into these scenarios with a civilian mindset so I get to see things differently, but it is clear that our boys are just superb. “I know that some people are calling for us to pull out of Afghanistan, but we have to make Afghanistan safe before we can make the UK safe.” He has also experienced the reality of war first hand. He said: “I remember on one occasion when the location we were in was under attack from the Taliban. There were bullets flying just metres above my head but the soldiers were great. “Some of them were in flip-flops and shorts, but they were straight on with the body armour and helping everyone, they really are top class.”
In Sura 42,Verse 29 (42:29) of the Quran,we are told, "Among His (God's) signs is the creation of the heavens and the earth,and the living creatures that He has scattered through them :and He has power to gather them together when He wills." (8) Before proceeding further,a point or two must be noted.The word "sama",translated "heavens",is also the Arabic for "sky".One may object that the verse refers to creatures in the sky (which would be birds),not in the heavens.However,birds are mentioned seperately from creatures of the heavens in 24:41, "Seest thou not that it is God Whose praise all beings in the heavens and on earth do celebrate,and the birds (of the air) with wings outspread?..." (9) In a note to 42;29,Muhammad Asad states,"In the Quran,the expression "the heavens and earth" invariably denotes the universe in its entireity." (10) The Quran mentions that inanimate objects also worship God:"Do they not look at God's creation, (even) among (inanimate) things- how their (very) shadows turn round,from right to left,prostrating themselves to God..."(16:48). (11) Therefore,may not the creatures spoken of in 42:29 in the heavens,be inanimate creatures of God.No.The next verse,16:49 goes, "And to God doth obeisance all that is in the heavens and earth,whether moving (living) creatures or the angels...". (12) The word translated "living creatures" here is the same as that in 42:29- "Dabbatun".Comments Asad,"The word dabbah denotes any sentient,corporeal being capable of spontaneous movement and is contrasted here with the non-corporeal,spiritual beings designated as "angels" ". (13) In other words,42:29 is referring to precisely the type of lifeforms that science is searching for,not some metaphysical entities.Yusuf Ali says,"Dabbatun:beasts,living,crawling creatures of all kind." (14) This is the same word used in 2:164,"...in the beasts of all kinds that He scatters through the earth...are signs for a people that are wise," (15) and in 24:45,"And God has created every animal from water:of them are some that creep on their bellies;some that walk on two legs;and some that walk on four. God creates what he wills..." (16) Commenting on 42:29,Allama Shabbir Ahmad Usmani says,"From the verse it appears that like on the earth,there are some kinds of animals- living creatures- in the heavens also." (17) On the same verse,Yusuf Ali comments, "Life is not confined to our one little Planet.It is a very old speculation to imagine some life like human life on the planet Mars...it is reasonable to suppose that Life in some form or other is scattered through some of the millions of heavenly bodies scattered through space." (18) From such remarks,the reader will realize that Muslim scholars are well aware of the fact that 42:29 clearly mentions the existence of aliens. [link to www.answering-christianity.com
Researchers at the Arcada University of Applied Sciences, Helsinki, have developed a new cost-efficient technology to produce separation membranes for the purification of water, at less than half the previous cost. Soiled or salty water can be made potable by current technologies, but these are either costly or unreasonably energy-intensive. The most promising, but also the costliest, alternative is offered by separation with nanoporous membranes. Arcada has been developing new technology for the production of nanoporous membranes for around five years. The research team has now, for the first time in the world, succeeded in producing nanopores using a method previously considered impossible. Thanks to this breakthrough, these membranes can be manufactured for less than a half of the previous cost. The new production method is based on a combination of several low-cost technologies. According to Mikael Paronen, head of the research department, both its cost-efficiency and manufacturability give rise to great optimism. — Our goal is to further develop the technology so that a finished product could be launched on the market within around two years, says Paronen. According to him, the new technology could be highly significant in improving the availability of clean water on a global scale. In addition to the production of potable water, the innovation could offer advantages at least in the separation of valuable or harmful substances from process water. According to the UN, more than a billion people are affected by the lack of clean water.
Surround Sound Processors Which Surround Sound Processor is right The answer, of course, depends upon your priorities and your application. There are many issues to consider. \|Issue / Feature \|Ease of Use \|\|Surround sound processors vary greatly in how easy they are to set up and how easy they are to use. If we will be installing and calibrating your surround sound processor, then ease of setup may not be a concern. If we will be installing a custom-programmed remote control system, then ease of use of the processor itself may be irrelevant because the control system we design will (we assure you) be very simple and clear to use. Otherwise, be sure to select a surround sound processor that makes daily operation simple. \|Digital Audio Quality \|\|When listening to digital sources such as CD, DVD, or satellite TV, the audio performance of the digital-to-analog converters in your surround sound processor will be crucial to the overall sonic performance of your audio system. Remember that surround sound processors have 6 channels of D-to-A conversion; an equivalent level of performance in a surround sound processor is more expensive than in (say) a 2-channel external D-to-A converter. \|\|Will you be listening to high-quality stereo analog sources, such as phono, tape, or the analog outputs of an external CD source? Then you should look for a processor which offers an analog bypass mode, where all digital processing is avoided. This will maintain the purity of your analog signals. \|\|If you will be listening to music through this system, then you may wish to judge the sonic performance of the surround sound processor just as critically as you would a stereo preamplifier. Listen carefully and we think that you'll find that some surround sound processors offer very high sonic performance indeed, whereas other fall short. Depending upon your situation, you may find that your requirements are best met by designing your system to bypassing the surround sound processor entirely for stereo listening. Please feel free to consult us for advise. \|\|You must have this for DVD or Satellite use. Our advise: don't even think about a surround sound processor that doesn't offer it. \|\|An alternative digital encoding standard. There are dts audio discs available, as well as DVDs with dts soundtracks. Almost all DVD rentals (at least in New England) are Dolby Digital, not dts (unless the disc has both). dts has the potential to sound better than Dolby Digital, but this is only sometimes the case, depending upon the disc. Most of our clients consider dts nice to \|\|Many surround sound processors have the ability to switch your video inputs to follow the switching of the audio inputs. This is both a convenience and a method of expanding the number of video inputs. Some surround sound processors also offer on-screen displays of the surround sound processor functions, which may make setup and use easier. If you want to use video switching in your surround sound processor, be sure that it supports enough inputs of the type you have (composite, s-video, component, or RGBHV). For the highest performance, you may prefer a dedicated external video switcher. Boulder also makes pre-amplifiers, amplifiers, and digital components. \|Boulder surround sound processor \|Boulder Multichannel Control Center. Forthcoming??? makes three ranges of products: high performance audio/video products, including speakers, custom installation products which allow house-wide music, and one-box music or movie components.. Within these ranges, Linn makes phono components, digital components, preamplifiers, surround sound processors, cables, and tuners. The Linn 5103 (front and rear image) is pictured at the left. \|Linn surround sound Linn Unidisk SC — CD/DVD-V/SACD/DVD-A audio/video player with integrated surround sound processor /preamp. Silver or black. $Call. Linn Exotik stereo and multichannel digital and analog 8 channel Linn Kinos stereo and multichannel audio and video system controller. - Linn Kisto System Controller surround sound processor/preamplifier. Black or silver. $Call. - Contains the analog electronics from the Klimax Kontrol NAD makes surround receivers as well as surround processors. makes tuners, pre-amplifiers, surround-sound processors, and amplifiers. The Parasound Model 7100 is pictured at the left. \|Parasound Surround Sound Processors \|Parasound Model 7100 Surround Controller. $Call. Simaudio makes the Moon line of electronics. Pictured at the left is the new CP-8 Home Theater Processor. Simaudio also makes digital components, surround processors, and power \|Simaudio Moon A/V Series \|CP-8 Surround Sound Processor/Preamp w/2 HDMI 1.3a, 3 Zones, Bal in/out. For more info: Link to a pdf of the CP-8 owner's manual. \|HDS-8 HDMI switcher - increases the number 1.3a inputs from 2 to 6 for the above CP-8 SSP. $Pricing. info: HDS-8 webpage Link to a pdf of the HDS-8 owner's manual. (Note: see page 8 for wiring hookup back-plate diagram of both CP-8 & Theta makes digital and surround sound processors, and amplifiers. The Casablanca is a world-class, standard-setting surround sound processor—and is highly modular. Options may be added at a later date, and updates are simplified. Theta has an excellent track record of keeping its product current through updates. Also, both have excellent user interfaces. All functions can be accessed from the front panel (which is important if you lose the remote control or the batteries run down). There is a clear LCD display. Setup is some of the easiest we've seen (given its power and flexibility. Theta products are available in silver or black. You can find owner's manuals in pdf format here. Casablanca III HD - Theta Casablanca III surround sound processor / - The Casablanca III HD is designed for high end audio performance (both analog and digital), flexibility in configuration, flexibility in use, upgradeability, and modularity. - Depending upon configuration, a Casablanca III HD the price can vary considerably. The price will vary with depending upon the options chosen and the quality and the number of the D-A converters chosen. Please call 781-893-9000 for help in configuring a Casablanca III HD for your needs. - Casablanca III HD chassis - Includes main and aux digital input board. RS-232, DD, dTS, Circle Surround II. \|Casablanca III HD base model: w/ 8.75" rack mount faceplate. Includes main and aux digital input board. HDMI 1.4, RS-232, DD, dTS, Circle Surround II. \|Casablanca III Premium four channel balanced D-A. $Call. \|Casablanca III Superior II 3-channel balanced D-A output board. \|Casablanca III Xtreme D-2 four channel D-A output board. $Call. \|Casablanca III Circle Surround processing board. $Call. \|Casablanca III Video Switching board: 6 composite video, 4 s-video. \|Casablanca III Video Switching board: 8 s-video. $Call. \|Casablanca III Video Switching board: 3 multi-format, 6 S-video. \|Casablanca III Digital Output board with center channel. $Call. \|Casablanca III Digital Output board without center channel. $Call. \|Two Channel Volume Control box. $Call. \|Six Channel Volume Control box. $Call. \|Casablanca III Optional D-A tape output. $Call. \|Casablanca III Panel Grade Alloy Cover. $Call. \|Theta DS Pro Gen VIII 2-channel external DAC (Casablanca III HD \|6-Shooter, Robot Analog Preamplifier. $Call. Casablanca HD Upgrades \|Casablanca I to III HD. Please call. \|Casablanca II to III HD. Please call. \|Casablanca III to III HD. Please call.
US 6300586 B1 An arc runner is fixedly retained on a load (or line) strap without hardware and without employing a mechanical operation. Either the arc runner or the strap has features, such as legs or holes, which engage notches or pins on either the strap or the arc runner and cause the arc runner to be retained on the strap. 1. An assembly comprising: a strap having an underside surface; an arc runner mounted on said strap and including a planar member having opposing edges; and a pair of resilient legs depending outward from said opposing edges of said planar member, said resilient legs each having a retaining tab disposed on said legs and extending inwardly toward each other, said retaining tabs each having a tapered or curved surface to outwardly urge said legs during mounting of said arc runner on said strap and a flat surface adjacent to said tapered or curved surface positioned to engage said underside surface of said strap and retain said arc runner on said strap; wherein said opposing edges of said planar member having cutout portions positioned adjacent to opposing sides of each of said legs at points where said legs depend from said arc runner, wherein said cutout portions allow said legs to be flexed outwardly and away from each other. 2. The assembly of claim 1 wherein said legs are dimensioned to be thinner at said points where said legs are attached to said arc runner and wider at points distal from said points where said legs are attached to said arc runner. 3. The assembly of claim 2 wherein said strap is notched on opposing edges to accommodate said legs depending from said arc runner. 4. The assembly of claim 2 wherein said arc runner is notched on one edge to accommodate a contact. 5. An arc runner assembly comprising: an arc runner disposed at said strap, said arc runner being capable of directing an arc; and a pin depending from one of said strap and said arc runner, said pin being received by a hole in one of said strap and said arc runner to retain said arc runner on said strap. 6. The arc runner assembly of claim 5 wherein a plurality of pins depend from one of said strap and said arc runner, said plurality of pins being received by a corresponding plurality of holes in one of said strap and said arc runner to retain said arc runner on said strap. 7. The arc runner assembly of claim 5 wherein said hole in one of said strap and said arc nine is countersunk. 8. The arc runner assembly of claim 5 wherein said pin is capable of being deformed once said pin engages said hole thus securing said arc runner to said strap. 9. The arc runner assembly of claim 8 wherein an edge of said arc runner is notched on one edge to accommodate a contact. The present invention relates to securing an arc runner to a load or line strap, and more particularly, to securing an arc runner to a load or line strap without using hardware or a mechanical operation. Circuit breakers are one of a variety of overcurrent protective devices used for circuit protection and isolation. The basic function of a circuit breaker is to provide electrical system protection whenever an electrical abnormality occurs in any part of the system. In a circuit breaker, current enters the system from a power line. The current passes through a strap to a stationary contact fixed on the strap and then to a movable contact. The movable contact is fixedly attached to an arm, and the arm is mounted to a rotor. As long as the stationary and movable contacts are in physical contact, current passes from the stationary contact to the movable contact and out of the circuit breaker to down line electrical devices. In the event of an overcurrent condition (e.g., a short circuit), extremely high electromagnetic forces are generated. These electromagnetic forces repel the movable contact away from the stationary contact. Because the movable contact is fixedly attached to a rotating arm, the arm pivots and physically separates the stationary and movable contacts thus blowing open (tripping) the circuit. Upon separation of the contacts and blowing,open the circuit, an arcing condition occurs. It is desirable to suppress the resultant arc in order to avoid a hazardous condition. The typical method of suppressing the arc is to direct it into an arc chute, which is generally a series of metal plates that dissipate the energy of the arc. This arc chute is situated proximate to the stationary contact point of the circuit. An arc runner is used to direct the arc to the arc chute. The arc runner substantially covers the exposed area of the stationary contact disposed on the strap. Blowing a circuit open thus resulting in an arc causes tremendous stress to the parts of the system. Since the arc runner provides a pathway for the arc to follow to the arc chute, it is subject to intensely high temperatures. The construction of an arc runner, and especially its manner of seducement to the strap, is critical to reliable dissipation of an arc. Conventional methods of securing an arc runner to a load or line strap increase the costs of manufacturing a circuit breaker because of the hardware involved. The arc runner is typically screwed onto the strap, as described in U.S. Pat. No. 5,877,467 entitled “Circuit Breaker Current Limiting Arc Runner”. Similarly, U.S. Pat. No. 5,075,520 entitled “Contact Member for Electrical Switching Devices” describes an arc runner having one end inserted into a groove in a block and then having the arc runner secured to the block by a screw. The use of a screw in the fastening operation adds the cost of an extra piece of hardware to the manufacturing process. Bolts are also used to secure an arc runner to a strap. For example, U.S. Pat. No. 4,229,630 entitled “Circuit Breaker Utilizing Improved Arc Chambers” describes using a pair of bolts that extend through openings in an arc runner to secure the arc runner to a stationary contact. Another method of securing an arc runner to a strap includes the use of rivets, as discussed in U.S. Pat. No. 4,771,140 entitled “Circuit Interrupter”, wherein a single rivet pierces the body of an arc runner and a stationary conductor to firmly connect the arc runner to the stationary conductor. Bolts and rivets add the cost of an extra piece of hardware to the manufacturing process in the same way that screws do. Welding, as discussed in U.S. Pat. No. 5,818,003 entitled “Electric Switch with Arc Chute, Radially Converging Arc Splitter Plates, and Movable and Stationary Arc Runners”, provides a further option for securing an arc runner to a strap, wherein the strap is directly welded to a D-shaped arc runner. Although welding does not introduce an additional discrete component into the manufacturing process, it does contribute to the expenses associated with the finished product. In addition to the costs of the hardware used to fasten the arc runner to the strap, tools are required. Automated assembly systems and automated welders are usually expensive to install and run. Furthermore, the maintenance for these systems is costly, and the use of such systems often poses reliability concerns. Hand-held tools such as wrenches and screwdrivers, on the other hand, are far less expensive. The use of small hand-held tools may, however, increase the time required for assembly of an arc runner to a load strap because machine assembly is usually faster than hand assembly is. An increase in the time required for assembly using hand-held tools is becoming cost prohibitive. Furthermore, hand-held tools, because of their size, frequently tend to be misplaced and need to be replaced on a regular basis. Constant replacement of even the most inexpensive tools can be a limiting factor. In an exemplary embodiment of the invention, an arc runner is fixedly retained on a load or line strap proximate an electrical contact in a circuit breaker. The arc runner is comprised of a main body portion capable of directing an arc to an arc dissipating chute and a retaining portion that allows the arc runner to be secured to the strap. The main body portion generally conforms to the shape of the strap on which the arc runner is positioned. The retaining portion is configured and dimensioned to utilize the structure of the strap to hold the main body portion onto the strap without hardware and without employing mechanical operations thus eliminating additional attachment hardware and/or mechanical attachment operations of the prior art. FIG. 1 is an isometric view of an arc runner having legs, retaining clips, and an opening for accommodating a contact, of the present invention; FIG. 2 is a front view of the arc runner shown in FIG. 1; FIG. 3 is an isometric view of a load (or line) strap configured to receive the arc runner shown in FIGS. 1 and 2; FIG. 4 is an isometric view of the arc runner of FIGS. 1 and 2 situated on the strap of FIG. 3 and accommodating a contact; FIG. 5 is an isometric view of an alternate embodiment of an arc runner having a hole to accept a retaining pin and also having an opening for accommodating a contact, of the present invention; FIG. 6 is a plan view of the alternate embodiment of the arc runner, of the present invention; FIG. 7 is a side view of the alternate embodiment of the arc runner showing the detail of a chamfered hole, of the present invention; FIG. 8 is an alternate embodiment of a strap having the retaining pin and being configured to accept the alternate embodiment of the arc runner, of the present invention; and FIG. 9 is an isometric view of the strap having the retaining pin and also having the alternate embodiment of the arc runner positioned on it and accommodating the contact, of the present invention. Referring to FIGS. 1 and 2, an arc runner of an exemplary embodiment of the present invention is generally shown at 10. Arc runner 10 is comprised of a main body portion defined by a planar member 12 and a retaining portion defined by legs 14 extending substantially perpendicularly from planar member 12. Planar member 12 is configured and dimensioned to conform to the shape of a surface of a load (or line) strap 22 (FIG. 3). Planar member 12 provides a pathway for an arc to follow and be diverted into an arc chute (not shown) to be dissipated in the event that an overcurrent or short circuit causes a circuit breaker to trip, i.e., to blow open. Legs 14 are positioned on planar member 12 in such a manner so as to form a generally inverted U-shape. This U-shape allows planar member 12 to rest on a top surface of strap 22 while legs 14 extend down on opposing sides of strap 22. Legs 14 may be flexibly connected to planar member 12 enabling legs 14 to pinch the sides of strap 22 thus allowing planar member 12 to remain secured to strap 22. Portions along the edges of planar member 12 adjacent legs 14 may be removed to form cutouts 13. Cutouts 13 are dimensioned to increase the flexibility of legs 14 as legs 14 are mounted on load strap 22. Legs 14 may also be dimensioned to have thinner portions 15 and wider portions 16. Thinner portions 15 of legs 14 are positioned at the points at which legs 14 are attached to planar member 12 in order to further increase flexibility. Alternately, legs 14 may depend from strap 22 to secure planar member 12 to strap 22. Retaining tabs 18 are disposed on the ends of legs 14 and are configured to extend toward each other. Retaining tabs 18 have a tapered or curved surface 19 positioned to facilitate the outwardly urging of legs 14 as arc runner 10 is being mounted on said strap 22. Positioned adjacent to said tapered or curved surface 19 is a flat surface 21 for engaging an underside surface of strap 22 thus clipping legs 14 to side surfaces of strap 22. When legs 14 are clipped to the side surfaces of strap 22, arc runner 10 is secured to strap 22. Planar member 12 has a portion removed from it to form opening 20. Opening 20 is dimensioned, configured, and positioned on planar member 12 to accommodate a contact 26 when arc runner 10 is positioned on strap 22. Contact 26 is illustrated and discussed below with reference to FIG. 4. Opening 20 functions to mate with contact 26 thereby preventing arc runner 10 from rotating about a longitudinal axis of strap 22. Retaining tabs 18 can be clearly seen (FIG. 2) depending from the ends of legs 14. When arc runner 10 is installed on strap 22, legs 14 extend along and engage opposing side surfaces 23 (FIG. 3) with notches 24 of strap 22. Retaining tabs 18 then engage an underside surface 25 (FIG. 3) of strap 22 and secure arc runner 10 into position on strap 22. Referring now to FIG. 3, strap 22 is generally shown. Notches 24 are cut into opposing sides of strap 22 and are of dimensions sufficient to accommodate legs 14 when arc runner 10 is positioned on strap 22. Notches 24 prevent arc runner 10 from axial movement along strap 22 in the event that legs 14 do not tightly secure arc runner 10 to strap 22. Furthermore, notches 24 are formed on strap 22 in such a way that when arc runner 10 is positioned onto strap 22, opening 20 accommodates contact 26 of a circuit breaker (not shown). Referring to FIG. 4, arc runner 10 is shown on strap 22. Legs 14 are received in notches 24. Retaining tabs 18 hold legs 14 in place within notches 24 and secure arc runner 10 to strap 22. Contact 26 is accommodated by opening 20. Referring to FIGS. 5-7, in an alternative embodiment of the invention an arc runner 110 is formed as a generally planar member 112. At least one hole 130 extends through planar member 112. FIGS. 5-7 show planar member 112 having two holes extending therethrough; however, it should be understood that planar member 112 may contain only a single hole. The edges of hole 130 are chamfered so that a corresponding number of pins inserted from the side of planar member 112 having the smaller opening can be countersunk in hole 130. Planar member 112 has a portion removed from it to form an opening 120. Opening 120 is dimensioned, configured, and positioned on planar member 112 to accommodate a contact 126 (FIG. 9) when arc runner 110 is positioned on a load (or line) strap 122 (FIG. 8). Referring now to FIG. 8, strap 122 has at least one protrusion of material created therefrom which is formed into at least one retaining pin 124. FIG. 8 shows strap 122 having two protrusions extending therefrom; however, it should be understood that strap 122 may contain only a single protrusion. Retaining pin 124 projects from the surface of strap 122 to mate with hole 130 of arc runner 110. Alternately, retaining pin 124 may project from planar member 112 to mate with hole 130 in strap 122. The protrusion of retaining pin 124 into hole 130 prevents axial movement of planar member 112 on strap 122. Referring now to FIG. 9, arc runner 110 is shown positioned on strap 122. Retaining pin 124 protrudes through hole 130 of planar member 112. The protrusion of retaining pin 124 into hole 130 is deformed to provide a countersunk means of securing arc runner 110 to strap 122. Deforming and countersinking the end of retaining pin 124 prevents separation of planar member 112 from strap 122. Planar member 112 is positioned on strap 122 in such a way that opening 120 accommodates contact 126. The combination of the protrusion of retaining pin 124 through hole 130 with the positioning of contact 126 in opening 120 secures arc runner 110 to strap 122. While the invention has been described with reference to a preferred embodiment, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes may be made and equivalents may be substituted for elements thereof without departing from the scope of the invention. In addition, many modifications may be made to adapt a particular situation or material to the teachings of the invention without departing from the essential scope thereof. Therefore, it is intended that the invention not be limited to the particular embodiment disclosed as the best mode contemplated for carrying out this invention, but that the invention will include all embodiments falling within the scope of the appended claims.
Kingdom Cheddar, the first and only European cheese to be certified organic by the USDA, may be the newest entry into the U.S. cheese market, but every bite carries the unique authentic cheddar taste that comes from more than 800 years of English artisan craftsmanship. The milk in Kingdom Cheddar comes from a small group of organic family farmers in South-West England, where cheddar cheesemaking first began in the 12th century. “We use old-world artisan techniques, conducted under today’s exacting organic standards, which makes for an exceptional product,” said Nicola Turner, Export and Marketing Director at the Organic Milk Suppliers Cooperative (OMSCo,) the largest organic dairy farmers’ co-operative in the UK. OMSCo manages the production of Kingdom Cheddar. In taste panels conducted in May 2013, consumers described Kingdom Cheddar, an extra-sharp mature cheese, as “clean and creamy, with a taste that carries notes of fresh grass.” “The moist, temperate climate in South-West England produces pastures of lush grass,” said Turner. “Those grasses impart a unique flavor to the milk, and therefore the cheese. We then carefully age the cheddar in the climate-controlled chambers or caves, a time-honored tradition of cheese makers in this area. This brings out the unique, yet historical character of the cheese.” “Its premium quality makes it the ideal choice for entertaining, or makes everyday eating—and cooking—a little extra-special,” she added. The cooperative of family dairy farmers who produce Kingdom Cheddar have partnered with Wisconsin-based Organic Valley cooperative to distribute it in the U.S. Kingdom Cheddar is now available in many Whole Foods Markets and other natural grocers.
The pomelo was most likely from Malaysia and Indonesia where it grew wild. It is also presumed to have been grown by the Chinese for thousands of years. The pomelo pronounced [pom-EH-loh] is also found spelled pommelo. Thought to be the ancestor of the grapefruit. This giant citrus (citrus grandus) fruit is native to Malaysia (where it still grows abundantly). It is also cultivated in California and Israel. Most of the varieties found today have been bred and grown. A large pomelo is the largest of all citrus. They can grow to be as large as a foot in diameter and up to 25 pounds. The rind is very thick but soft and easy to peel away. The resulting fruit is light yellow to coral-pink flesh and can vary from juicy to slightly dry and from seductively spicy-sweet to tangy and tart. The pomelo is also known as a shaddock
[Please note: The K to 12 program was launched on April 24, 2012, and the content of this briefer is outdated. Please view our new entries and more comprehensive information on the K to 12 Basic Education Program through www.gov.ph/k-12] Briefer prepared by the Department of Education, November 2, 2010 Salient Points on the Enhanced K to 12 Basic Education Program What is K to 12? - K to 12 means Kindergarten and the 12 years of elementary and secondary education. Kindergarten refers to the 5-year old cohort that takes a standardized kinder curriculum. Elementary education refers to primary schooling that involves six or seven years of education Secondary education refers to high school. How are we planning to implement the K to 12 program? After considering various proposals and studies, the model that is currently being proposed by DepEd is the K-6-4-2 Model. This model involves Kindergarten, six years of elementary education, four years of junior high school (Grades 7 to 10) and two years of senior high school (Grades 11 to 12). The two years of senior high school intend to provide time for students to consolidate acquired academic skills and competencies. Features of K 6-4-2 (1) Kindergarten and 12 years of quality basic education is a right of every Filipino, therefore they must be and will be provided by government and will be free. (2) Those who go through the 12 years cycle will get an elementary diploma (6 years), a junior high school diploma (4 years), and a senior high school diploma (2 years). (3) A full 12 years of basic education will eventually be required for entry into tertiary level education (entering freshmen by SY 2018-2019 or seven years from now). - An open and consultative process will be adopted in the development and implementation of K to 12. - Change is two-fold: (a) curriculum enhancement and (b) transition management. What is Senior High School? - 2 years of in-depth specialization for students depending on the occupation/career track they wish to pursue - Skills and competencies relevant to the job market - The 2 years of senior HS intend to provide time for students to consolidate acquired academic skills and competencies. - The curriculum will allow specializations in Science and Technology, Music and Arts, Agriculture and Fisheries, Sports, Business and Entrepreneurship. What is the proposed implementation plan of DepEd? Phases of Implementation: (1) Universal kindergarten will be offered starting SY 2011-2012. (2) DepEd will begin unclogging the basic education curriculum in SY 2012-2013. (3) The enhanced 12-year curriculum will be implemented starting with incoming Grade 1 students of SY 2012-2013. (4) Incoming freshmen of SY 2012-2013 will be the first beneficiary of a free Senior High School education that will be made available by DepEd in public schools beginning SY 2016-2017. Electives to be offered in Senior HS (arts, music, tech-voch..etc) In implementing the K-6-4-2 proposal, DepEd will take into account the issues and concerns of all stakeholders, including the high school graduates before 2016. This will be done through regional consultations to begin early 2011. The mechanics and other details of the transition plan will be threshed out with HEIs in coordination with CHED, TESDA and other critical stakeholders. Why add two more years? - To decongest and enhance the basic education curriculum - To provide better quality education for all - The Philippines is the only remaining country in Asia with a 10-year basic education program - K to 12 is not new. The proposal to expand the basic education dates back to 1925. - Studies in the Philippines have shown that an additional year of schooling increases earnings by 7.5%. - Studies validate that improvements in the quality of education will increase GDP growth by 2% to 2.2%. - Minus 2 instead of plus 2 for those families who cannot afford a college education but still wish to have their children find a good paying job. Right now, parents spend for at least 4 years of college to have an employable child. In our model, parents will not pay for 2 years of basic education that will give them an employable child. In effect, we are saving parents 2 years of expenses. The plan is not “Plus 2 years before graduation” but “Minus 2 years before work - To inspire a shift in attitude that completion of high school education is more than just preparation for college but can be sufficient for a gainful employment or career. How much will this cost? - The immediate cost for the program will not be needed until 2016 when the first year of the two additional years is implemented. - Meanwhile, we will continue to close the resource gaps in basic education – the President ordered DepEd to its close resource gaps in 2 years. At this time, we estimate the total funding requirement to procure all needed resources at P150 billion for: 152,569 new classrooms 103,599 more teachers 95.6 million more books 13.2 million seats What will society gain from K to 12 - K to 12 will facilitate an accelerated economic growth. - K to 12 will facilitate mutual recognition of Filipino graduates and professionals in other countries. - A better educated society provides a sound foundation for long-term socio-economic development. - Several studies have shown that the improvements in the quality of education will increase GDP growth by as much as 2%. Studies in the UK, India and US show that additional years of schooling also have positive overall impact on society. Are private schools obliged to follow? - While we enjoy the support of private school associations, we are yet to discuss with them the implementation of the program. Where are we at now? - Insufficient mastery of basic competencies is common due to a congested curriculum. The 12 year curriculum is being delivered in 10 years. - High school graduates are younger than 18 years old and lack basic competencies and maturity. They cannot legally enter into contracts and are not emotionally mature for entrepreneurship / employment. - Other countries view the 10-year education cycle as insufficient. K to 12 Education Vision Graduates of Enhanced K to 12 Basic Education Program will: - Acquire mastery of basic competencies. - Be more emotionally mature. - Be socially aware, pro-active, involved in public and civic affairs. - Be adequately prepared for the world of work or entrepreneurship or higher education. - Be legally employable with potential for better earnings. - Be globally competitive. - Every graduate of the Enhanced K to 12 Basic Education Program is an empowered individual who has learned, through a program that is rooted on sound educational principles and geared towards excellence, the foundations for learning throughout life, the competence to engage in work and be productive, the ability to coexist in fruitful harmony with local and global communities, the capability to engage in autonomous critical thinking, and the capacity to transform others and one’s self. Stay up to date with your government.Subscribe Now Stay up to date with your government. Subscribe to Daylight, a weekly newsletter that features good news about the Philippines and Filipinos. After signing up, you will receive a confirmation email that you will need to click through to confirm your subscription.× Share on social media More from the Briefing Room - DSWD program lights up Lope de Vegan spirit - BSP extends Libyan Dinar exchange facility for repatriated OFWs - Caraga wage board ups minimum wage rates - OPAFSAM-PCA holds National Investment Summit on coco-based farming enterprises - DOLE declares six Sagada barangays free from child labor - Philippine Fiestas and Festivals: Photography by Donald C. Tapan to be launched in Manila
Last week, Deputy Defense Secretary Paul Wolfowitz asked Charles Abell, deputy undersecretary of personnel and readiness, to determine the most efficient and cost-effective way to organize and operate the exchanges as a single entity. Each of the military departments currently operates their own base exchanges, which are self-supporting stores that sell household goods, clothing, appliances and toys to military members, retirees and dependents on bases. A single organization, the Defense Commissary Agency, already manages the scores of supermarkets on military installations throughout the world. Even if base exchange operations are consolidated, "the look and feel of each store will maintain the service culture to which [members of the armed forces] are accustomed. The business processes that operate the system will be more efficient and effective, yielding a benefit that is not only preserved but enhanced," Defense Department officials said in a news release. Wolfowitz said the reforms are part of the Pentagon's larger goal of transforming the business of defense, and "an essential step to maintain and even improve the value of exchange benefits for military personnel and their families now and into the future."
Chevrolet Spark EV at CCS fast charging station in San Diego.Enlarge Photo All electric vehicles currently in production use some form of lithium-ion chemistry in their battery packs. Finding ways of improving that chemistry is therefore very important--the aim being to make future electric car batteries cheaper, more stable and more energy-dense for longer range. Researchers from the School of Engineering at the University of Tokyo have found a way to develop a lithium-based battery with seven times the energy density of current lithium-ion batteries, according to Nikkei Technology. This has, at least theoretically, each of the major benefits you'd expect should it be introduced in production form--lower cost, greater capacity and increased safety. Led by Professor Noritaka Mizuno, the team have used a new material on the positive electrode in the battery, formed by adding cobalt to the lithium oxide crystal structure. This aids an oxidation-reduction reaction during which peroxides are produced, and electrical energy is generated. The researchers claim energy density of 2,570 watt-hours per kilogram. That's actually a little less than the theoretical density of lithium-air technology (3,460 Wh/kg, and a current leader in lithium battery developments) but as a sealed design it's more stable (and therefore safer) than lithium-air. The team also proved that there are no unwanted byproducts in the battery's acceptable charging and discharging cycle--no excess oxygen or carbon dioxide is produced during the reactions. Tests at the university have also shown it's possible to repeatedly charge and discharge the battery at a large current, boding well for faster charging. In theory, at least. As with all current battery research projects, there is still some way to go before the technology can be applied in a practical format--one that could be used in electric vehicles. While the team mentions no apparent drawbacks, such a concept would require more thorough testing before it's applied inn the real world. As ever though, it's evidence that battery technology is still progressing behind the scenes--and that one day, electric cars should be able to travel much further on a charge. [Hat tip: Hugh Crawford]
Top 10 Bizarre Public Transportation Ideas The Strange Future of Public Transit The push for a greener tomorrow has led scientists, architects, engineers, and designers to explore new avenues in all types of technology and building. Among the most important areas of focus in this new age of exploration is public transportation. As the population is encouraged to rely less on individual cars and more on public transportation as a means of reducing pollution, it is incumbent upon those who design and build modes of public transportation to improve their efficiency, reliability, and convenience. “As public agencies are being asked to do more with less, investing in smart technology is critical for improving system efficiency, optimizing the public’s return on investment, and creating a more connected transportation network,” said ITS America President and CEO Scott Belcher. With this goal in mind, dozens of new concepts for vehicles, energy-generation tools, and transportation hubs have emerged over the last decade, all incorporating a unique combination of cutting-edge technology and visionary design. Below are ten of the most creative and bizarre ideas buzzing around public transportation. Some are still in the earliest stages of conceptualization, while others have already been successfully implemented; but all may well find their way into our daily lives in the not-so-distant future. Bulgarian architect Martin Angelov originally designed the concept of the Kolelina City Zipline as a means of moving cyclists. But the idea of setting up a network of cables strung above the city skyline has transformed, and is now envisioned as an affordable, eco-friendly way to transport commuters, who would move along the cables by way of battery-powered backpacks. Angelov’s design has yet to be made into a reality, but could be a feasible solution to cutting down on emissions from car traffic. 2) Energy Generating Subway Station Floors Tokyo’s subway system is among the busiest in the world, with millions of commuters passing through each station every day. Recently, the Japanese government decided to harness the power of all that foot traffic: in two of the city’s biggest and busiest stations, they’ve installed 25 square meters of piezoelectric energy-generating flooring tiles in front of the ticket turnstiles. The tiles, made of layers of rubber sheeting and ceramic, absorb the vibrations from individuals’ footfalls and capture the resulting energy. The combined energy, which yields about 1,400kW/sec per day, is then stored in capacitors and channeled to the station’s ticket gates and electric lights and displays. The Taxius Animalis is a one-person taxi, made of touch fabric and other lightweight, eco-friendly materials, that uses electric power to transport commuters from Point A to Point B in cities. The idea is still in the early stages of design and conceptualization, but offers a potentially viable way for commuters who don’t wish to operate their own vehicles to contribute to lowering fuel emissions. 4) Chicago's Union Station Congress has appropriated $1.1 billion to Illinois for the development of a high-speed railway, as part of an $8 billion nationwide initiative. Once built, the high-speed rail system will represent a significant landmark in the shift to green transportation on a national scale. And Chicago will play a major role in this system, acting as the hub of Midwest rail network. As such, the new station that will be built to accommodate these trains and their clientele is envisioned as a cutting-edge, airport-style facility, with retail and amenities for travelers as well as a tower for offices and other business uses — all built and run on green technology. Velo-City is a closed-in, elevated network of paved tubes that serve as pathways for bicyclists and roller bladers. Though in the conceptual design stages, Velo-City may soon become a reality in Toronto, Ontario. Enclosed and protected from the elements, Velo-City would provide a safe, efficient, low-cost, and highly eco-conscious way for Toronto’s citizens to commute. 6) Algae-Powered Airship As far-fetched as it sounds, an airship powered by algae is not even close to the least achievable goal on this list. In fact, it’s already a reality: the Bullet 580, a 235-foot inflatable airship powered by algae, has been built and successfully inflated, and is being readied for a test flight. The airship is covered with a special type of Kevlar, the inner hull filled with ambient air while lift is provided by a system of helium-filled bags. 7) Wheel Rider The Wheel Rider is a single-person vehicle comprising three layers: a protective outer body, the wheel itself — which has a diameter of nearly six feet — and the inner chamber, which has a seating area, controls, and storage space. Conceived by Japanese designer Yuji Fujimura, the Wheel Rider is still a concept car, but Yamaha is researching different avenues to bring the vehicle up to stringent green auto design standards. 8) SMART Technology Helicopters Today’s helicopters play an integral role in military, media, and medical operations, but are too disruptive and energy inefficient to be considered for daily use. But NASA is working on improving helicopter technology with the goal of designing a fleet of future helicopters that could carry as many as 100 people, with lower emissions and less noise pollution than today’s models. In particular NASA is focusing on SMART rotor technology, experimenting with the materials, shape, and performance of the rotor blades in order to increase the distance a helicopter can fly on the same amount of fuel. Architect Garth Pearce founded MonoMetro in 1997, based on his design for a narrow gauge suspended railway. The technology has since been adopted by many of the world’s foremost transportation engineers and fabrication specialists, and a number of governments and corporations worldwide are considering large-scale adoption of the MonoMetro. Cost-effective, energy-efficient, safe, and reliable, the MonoMetro is in the final stages of approval in Saudi Arabia and the UK. 10) Rail Cabs The Rail Cab is a design for a modular railway system that updates existing railway lines and infrastructure with cutting-edge, wear-free linear motors. A feature of the Rail Cab system are small, remotely controlled vehicles that can carry passengers or cargo from place to place with no additional stops or layovers. The Rail Cab design is envisioned as both a replacement for traditional freight and passenger trains and as a vital new part of individual public transportation. * A version of this article originally appeared on Well Home.
In a short while you will be able to find a solution to finally close the lid finally on your financial stresses by means of Sequestration in South Africa. If you are reading this page the chances are that you are experiencing severe difficulties in managing your financial responsibilities. Please take the time and study the content of this website that explains the Sequestration process, as you may be surprised at the ease of regaining financial control through voluntary sequestration. If as an individual you cannot pay your debts, one or more of your credit providers can apply to have your estate sequestrated. Alternatively you can apply for sequestration. In instances where you have a large amount of debt, which is going to take over 10 years (excluding your home loan) to pay back, then Voluntary Sequestration is a better option than Debt Review or Debt Management. It is the best legal mechanism for sequestration in South Africa for an individual with debt problems and want to declare bankruptcy. Sequestration in South Africa rests on remodelling the financial structure of the excessively indebted; so as to permit rehabilitation and continuation of their business. Benefits of Sequestration in South Africa Green Debt exists to assist you in: - Disposing of every one of the those Private Calls. - Quit being afraid of that unannounced visit from the sheriff. - Quit being anxious about private telephone calls. - Quit escaping your loan bosses. - Halting your high stress levels. Green Debt exists to provide you with: - A chance to recover controle over your money. - Move your focus to the more critical things in life and not loan bosses . - A chance to begin over with your financial affairs. - Also recover your part in the financial arenas. The Sequestration in South Africa process: The surrendering of your estate is a process instituted by the Courts to help persons that are no longer in a position to honour their debts due to uncontrollable circumstances. The surrendering of your estate is a process instituted by the Courts to help persons that are no longer able to pay their debts due to circumstances out of their control. Voluntary Sequestration will prove to be the answer to your prayers and enable you to have a fresh financial start in your life. Sequestration is regarded as the only process in South Africa to write off your debt completely. We provide debt assistance to help with all your debt problems. You are a person with financial difficulties, not a criminal! You deserve the right not to be treated as a criminal!
“Nick, we need all hands on deck in 10 minutes, we are leaving Argentina and heading for South Africa!” These were the words delivered to me by fellow deckhand, Manuel, so I leapt out of my bunk, with the excitement of a 10 year old rushing for an icecream truck, and took up my position on the stern of the Rainbow Warrior. It took us a little over three weeks to cross the South Atlantic, from Buenos Aires to Cape Town. The transit was filled with many memorable moments, but I must selfishly confess that the most memorable moment was waking up to see low hanging clouds on Table Mountain and the warm South African sun gently peaking over our beloved landmark. Our arrival at the V&A Waterfront, five days ago, was met with an awesome marimba band, volunteers and staff from Greenpeace Africa as well as awestruck glares of Capetonians , who seemed to have their eyes glued to the grandeur of the A-frame masts of the Rainbow Warrior that help carry over 1200 square meters of sail – enabling the Rainbow Warrior to use the wind 80% - 90% of the time as ‘fuel’. The excitement of the maiden voyage of the Rainbow Warrior in South Africa was exponentially multiplied this past Sunday as we hosted the first ever openboat for the Rainbow Warrior in Africa. The people of Cape Town arrived in their hundreds, from the young to the old – the long-time supporters of Greenpeace to awestruck (hopefully) future supporters. I must at this time, congratulate the crew of the Rainbow Warrior, staff of Greenpeace Africa and the volunteers that made this day a truly memorable one. I think that history will tell of the significance of the visit of the Rainbow Warrior to Africa. Few would have thought in 1985, when the French secret service agents bombed the first Rainbow Warrior and sunk her to the bottom of the ocean, that third Rainbow Warrior would be hosting an open boat in post-apartheid South Africa. Both post-apartheid South Africa and the legacy of the Rainbow Warrior are inspirations and tremendous learning curves for generations of social and environmental activist. We hope that those that visited us have drawn inspiration from the successful campaigning history of the Rainbow Warrior, and will join Greenpeace Africa in our campaigns to end the destructive fishing practices in the oceans of West Africa, the deforestation of the Congo Basin Rainforests, and to shift the South African government to implement the Energy [R]evolution.
Psychological Preps for Children; DEAR MILLI by Jacob Grimmgreenspun.com : LUSENET : TimeBomb 2000 (Y2000) Preparation Forum : One Thread This is an awkward subject to work into a thread. The fairy tale now known as "DEAR MILLI" was written by one of the Grimm brothers -- Jacob, if memory serves -- to a niece of his. The letter containing the fairy tale was handed down in the niece's family over the last 100+ years and was of course recently (1994?) rediscovered. Translated into English, the story is illustrated by Maurice Sendak in some of his most eleaborate, breathtaking and moving work ever ... as befits the story .... Which tells of a young girl and her mother, as their homeland is englufed in war. the mother sends the littel girl awaay with her guardian angel, into the woods, where she will be safe and wil not witness atrocities. The girl finds her way to a little cottage (perrenial theme, hmmm?) inhabited by St. Joseph, and she spends a blissful three days, and wishes never to leave. St. Jospeh gives her a rose which he says will bloom when it is time for her to return to him. She heads home to her mother, and on arriving it appears that 30 years have passed, and the mother is now very old. Mother is elated to see the daughter, whom she believed had died. The two lay down to sleep, and in the morning they are dead, and the rose has blossomed in their hands. If you have young children, I have foudn this an delightful book, "sumpusously illustrated", and an effective, memorable and evocative way of teaching tender children themes of war, seperation, loss, death, hope and return, without scaring or alienating them. Comes along at a good time. It should be available at your library or any bookstore. -- Roch Steinbach (email@example.com), December 02, 1999 From: Y2K, ` la Carte by Dancr (pic), near Monterey, California This comes from someone who's not read this book. I don't get it. That sounds morbid and pointless. It's not that I think children should be shielded from talking or thinking about the possibility of problems, either. -- Dancr (firstname.lastname@example.org), December 04, 1999. Yeah ... you should read it. It's shocking at first just to see the subject handled so forthrightly and yet with such poetic grace. Presumably it was edited out of the Marchen/Grimm's Fairy Tales for reasons along those very lines. Not a standard fairy tale -- but a real standout, and short of the death of a pet or a family member it's the best thing I have encountered for bringing the issue of death and the afterlife into the consciousness of younger children. It's morbid, yes, I guess, in the lieteral sense that it deals with mors, directly with the topic of death ... which if you're a TB2000 regular you ight think we'd be dealing with all too often in the months or years to come. But it also deals with war, seperation, and longing .... well, hey ... from a good old fashioned Christian perspective that could remind the heart faced with tragedy that this life is maybe not just the be-all and end-all. -- Roch Steinbach (email@example.com), December 04, 1999.
The dining room in the small apartment off Haywood Road is neat but sparse. A heavy dining table takes up most of the room. Draped in a piece of colorful fabric, it is surrounded by four mismatched chairs, all hand-me-downs from others. Since May, this room has served a dual purpose — eating space and office for the staff of RidePost.com. The ride-sharing network website is the brainchild of Marty Bauer, and the business dream of the 27-year-old former banker and his three partners, Blair Deckard, Robert Pearce and Nik Budisavljevic. All four gave up other, more traditionally lucrative opportunities to follow their entrepreneurial hearts and pursue what they see as “a chance to make a concerted difference.” “We look and see people just like us who have an incredible impact doing one small thing, but what if four of us who are really passionate about what we’re doing every day, what if four of us can do that?” says Bauer, sitting up a little straighter. “What if four of us could do something bigger together?” In an age when unemployment rates hover around 8 percent, and 4.1 percent for those with college degrees, it is not uncommon to hear of young college grads who, in the face of dwindling job prospects, find a Plan B in entrepreneurship. Perhaps less common are those who do actually find jobs and still choose Plan B. The decision by Bauer and the others to follow through with their “big idea” has meant several things: They gave up a chance to get the higher-paying jobs that many in their class are pursuing; Greenville has become home base for their business; and the four survive by eating lots of eggs and pasta. With five higher degrees, including three MBAs and two law degrees among them, the RidePost team could probably do any number of things. But they are choosing to risk it all to do their own thing. “Most people go to big companies,” Bauer says with a laugh at the path none of them chose. “When you go back to get your MBA, that’s what you’re typically thinking about doing is improving your lifestyle. And that’s not a bad thing at all; we just felt like something different.” A new trend? Whether due to the economy or something else, it’s clear entrepreneurship has grown, says Greg Pickett, associate dean of Clemson’s Spiro Institute for Entrepreneurial Leadership. In response to demand, the Spiro Institute this year launched an entrepreneurs MBA program that takes students through the ins-and-outs of starting a business and being their own bosses. The first class has 22 people, says Pickett and, of those, seven left careers to pursue an idea. That statistic is not entirely surprising to Pickett, who notes in his experience it’s not money that motivates entrepreneurs. “The entrepreneurial mindset is about assuming a calculated risk and pursuing your dream,” Pickett says. “The driving force is the passion they have around their business idea. And these entrepreneurs look at risk a little bit differently than I think many of us do.” Olivia DeCastro sees the trend as not just a generational thing, but also a Greenville thing. The 28-year-old owner of A Public Affair PR says the city’s business focus has helped her thrive, even as a younger small business owner. DeCastro knows many people just like her. “Five years ago when I started my professional career, we were all the same — USC grads or Clemson grads or Furman grads. And now, we sit around the table and we’re the decision-makers.” The desire to have control over business decisions pushed DeCastro to leave a good job as community relations coordinator with Greenville Hospital System to become a free agent in 2010. Some thought DeCastro was crazy, but luckily her parents, both endowed with the entrepreneurial spirit, supported her. And they had also taught her not to leave a job without something else lined up. In this case, it was something completely different, a marketing contract account with an energy equity firm in Miami. “I didn’t feel like I had the freedom in the corporate world,” DeCastro says. “It was like you spend a lot of time explaining yourself. You have to go through processes when you know if it had just been you, you could just go out and get it done and move on to the next task.” Then GHS offered her a contract position, too, and DeCastro decided to just start her own firm. In less than two years, the company has grown to a staff of six with offices in Miami and Greenville and a slew of sports and fashion clients. On a Thursday morning, Pearce, Budisavljevic, Deckard and Bauer are working from their apartment office. Their dining room table-desk is covered with four laptops, stacks of paperwork and, of course, coffee cups. A year ago, Budisavljevic and Deckard were finishing an MBA program at USC and interviewing for top jobs, Bauer was debating a full-time position as a senior financial analyst, and Pearce was working as a successful program writer for a technology firm and living in his hometown of Charleston. Today, they work almost every waking hour on RidePost. They share apartments they decorate with hand-me-down furniture. “It’s definitely not easy,” Bauer says, shaking his head. “Definitely not easy. There’s no security. But I like that. I like the thrill (that we) can sit in a room and say, OK, it’s up to us to make this work. There’s no paycheck coming in two weeks unless we do what we’re doing. It’s up to us to make that happen.” RidePost came out of the four partners’ international travel experience. What they found abroad was a system of ride sharing that essentially saved them money and gave them a richer experience. But they didn’t see an organized system in the U.S. RidePost is an online space for people to post and find safe rides. Someone might post that there are three spots available in his car for his trip to Cincinnati from Columbia. Someone who needs a ride to Cincinnati or to a place on the way can connect to the driver. The result is that both share gas cost and get to know someone new in the process. Each ride is posted with a price, of which RidePost receives 10 percent. “I used couch-surfing a lot and ride-sharing to get around places,” says Budisavljevic, who studied in Brazil for eight months. “Originally, it was just to accommodate my grad school budget, but I ended up having better experiences.” The RidePost team hopes to grow their site first on college campuses, where carpooling is not uncommon, and then expand it to other markets. One month after officially launching at USC, RidePost.com boasts upwards 200 users. Responsibility can’t be overlooked when it comes to choosing risk and no pay over stability. On the whole, young entrepreneurs have an advantage when it comes to flexibility — many aren’t married, don’t have kids and have the freedom to move on a whim. The entrepreneurs interviewed expressed a similar “if not now, when” mentality that seemed to further fuel their decisions. But the workplace has changed too, says Pickett. He notes the shift from working for one company your whole life to changing jobs an average of every seven years. The old company or employee loyalty doesn’t exist, and young people see that. “As I survey the economic landscape, I see nothing that says opportunities are going to be any greater with established companies than they are for start-ups,” Pickett says. Bauer shares a story about his three years in the banking industry before graduate school. One of his mentors there, a man in his late 50s, was laid off three years before he was set to retire. “There’s really no safe job anymore,” Bauer says, a hint of cynicism in his voice. “So, going back to our generation, I think people realize that there’s incredibly powerful ways to make change happen; there’s incredibly powerful ways to live the few days that we have here and make a difference, and do the things that we want to do every day.” Stephen Harrell came at entrepreneurship a bit differently, but just as passionately. The Clemson grad was working as the grocery manager at the Fresh Market when he came up with the idea for his own Japanese white sauce. After three months of testing and retesting recipes after work, he developed the perfect combination. Samurai Sauce (http://japanesewhitesauce.com) is being manufactured by Duke Sandwich Co. and is now a South Carolina-certified product available in specialty food stores, farmers markets and Japanese restaurants around Upstate. Harrell and marketing director Matt Stovall have yet to make enough for a sustainable living, but they are content to see their product through. “I like seeing things grow that I could put my hands on and say we started and formed,” Harrell says. “I like having the responsibility that if something fails, it’s on me.” Now, with the benefit of hindsight, DeCastro can reflect on what she has accomplished. Her conclusion? The key to success as an entrepreneur is controlled passion. It sounds like an oxymoron, but part of success means putting yourself in the best position before you take that risk. “I have known a lot of people in my age range who know that they want to work for themselves but aren’t necessarily willing to put in the hours to learn from others,” DeCastro says. “They want to graduate from college and start their own company.” But you need a foundation, DeCastro says. Without at least some time in the working world, she says, A Public Affair could not have happened, or at least, not as quickly. “I think I played it smart and got a vast amount of skills and was able to diversify my skills at GHS,” DeCastro says. “I was thinking what would have happened if I had started that way — hey, I think I want to be in PR. And I don’t think I would have gotten as far. There is a process and a lot of planning for success.” Similarly, though Budisavljevic, Deckard, Pearce and Bauer all left lucrative opportunities to “bootstrap,” they planned for their unconventional choice. Money was one of the biggest concerns, so they began presenting their concept to investors, which led to acceptance at The Iron Yard accelerator. The program housed at the Next Center for Innovation in Greenville offers entrepreneurs a chance to grow their ideas into reality by providing access to mentors, research, office space and seed capital. So since May, the four have been working and living in Greenville and prepping their company and sharing meals, ideas and business plans around their storied dining table. As of September, they have received commitments for over $100,000. “For me, I see this as a better investment of my time and my skills than actually going to work for a bigger company,” Deckard says, adjusting in her stool-turned-chair. “I don’t know that I fit the bill at a lot of places. And at this job I get to do what I really want to do and every day I get to focus on the things that I want to focus on.” And for now, the life of uncertainty hasn’t lost its luster, and neither have eggs and pasta.
Posted on Friday, December 28, 2012 in Cookies It’s about girls, goals, games and…COOKIES! At the first ever National Girl Scout Cookie Sleepover on Saturday, January 12th, girls from across the country can go online to experience an exciting virtual event that will deliver a brand new kind of cookie fun and learning. The cookie finale will be in 3D! Brought to you by Little Brownie Bakers, this 60-minute web program will inspire girls and help them set an achievable cookie goal. It will also be a lot of high-energy fun! The show will feature: - Stories of real girls doing A World of Good - Powerful sales tips - Action-packed games - “Samoas Shout” song and dance girls can learn - Interaction with girls across the country via Twitter and Facebook - Hands-on direction and Cookie Breaks that allow your girls to set their own cookie goals during the program Click here to get all the details on how you can join the fun.
Thursday, February 24, 2011 Local students lead the charge against violenceBy Jill Russell It has been said that modern youth are indifferent toward creating better schools and communities. But recently, local students helped shatter that stereotype.... Sunday, February 13, 2011 By Dr. Ronald Thomas and Dr. Loren Anderson This week 40 local college students will go to Lincoln High School to do something that many of us as parents, teachers, civic leaders, and community members regularly fail to do.The... Page 1 of 1
A leading doctor in Waltham Forest has responded to criticism from a cancer charity over low cancer survival rates by calling on residents to lead healthier lifestyles. According to a survey by Macmillan Cancer Support published on Friday, more than a third of cancer patients in the borough die within twelve months of diagnosis. The research into claims of a 'postcode lottery' over care ranked Waltham Forest as third worst in the country, but there were six areas with a 38 per cent one-year survival rate. Dr Anwar Khan, GP and chair of NHS Waltham Forest Clinical Commissioning Group, (CCG) said work was being done to diagnose people earlier, but said people could do more to stay healthy. He said: "Early diagnosis and treatment of cancer is a top priority for us. "We are working with Macmillan Cancer Support and Cancer Research UK to implement and develop tools in general practice that aid early cancer diagnosis and working towards the goals in the national cancer strategy to improve cancer services, enhance patient experience and raise survival rates. "Local people too have a role to play in stopping cancer this can be done by leading a healthier lifestyle and attending screening. "Stopping smoking, cutting down on alcohol and being a healthy weight all reduce the risk of developing cancer. "The CCG works closely with local people, our NHS partners and public health in Waltham Forest council to encourage local people to live healthier lifestyles." Mr Khan also identified health education in terms of signs and symptoms as being a key to survival, and encouraged anyone experiencing abnormalities such as lumps, bleeding or a long-lasting cough to seek advice from their GP immediately.
The Color Purple Teacher Guide is available in a text format (below) or as a PDF document. Click here to Download PDF version (1.8 MB). To the Teacher Since it was first published in 1982, The Color Purple has become an icon of literature that heals, that enlightens, and that empowers. Its audience has always been broad: the novel garnered major literary awards and dazzled highbrow critics while demonstrating equally strong commercial appeal. Readers from all walks of life have found themselves awed by the novel’s narrator, Celie, a role portrayed onscreen by Whoopi Goldberg in Steven Spielberg’s film version of the story. More recently, producer Oprah Winfrey (who played Sofia in the movie) brought the novel to Broadway in a musical that blends gospel, jazz, blues, and ragtime. Despite these triumphant images, this is a novel that begins with a fourteen-year-old girl’s cry for help. Celie has suffered repeated rapes and brutal beatings by the man she believes to be her father, who tells her, in the novel’s opening line, “You better not never tell nobody but God.” After becoming pregnant by him twice, she is terrified that he has now set his sights on her younger sister, Nettie. Celie’s initial thoughts are shared with us in the form of her letters to God, written in a voice that uses raw realism—the only language she knows—to convey the facts of her life. It is this authenticity that sets The Color Purple apart; critics who feel offended by Celie’s voice miss the fact that her candor is itself an aspect of her stolen innocence. These opening scenes reveal the dangers of secrecy and misinformation as the heroine pines for one thing: an education. Her tragic home life prevents her from fulfilling that dream. For Nettie, however, fate holds quite the opposite. She joins a missionary family who encourage her in literacy and learning, eventually taking her with them for an exhilarating though dangerous life in colonial Africa. The price of this freedom is that she and Celie are estranged from one another for most of their adult lives. Yet their devotion as sisters never wanes, and, without even knowing whether the other is alive, their mutual and unconditional love sustains them. Set in the Deep South during the first half of the twentieth century, The Color Purple traces the lives of both sisters over a period of decades, and delivers innumerable opportunities for thoughtful classroom discussion. Acceptance and context are the keys to unlocking the novel’s riches. Alice Walker’s classic brings to life American history, world history, women’s history, civil rights history, and the history of one remarkable family—a family that asks us to consider questions about the making of an abuser (what are the true roots of controlling, hurtful behavior?) and the recipe for peace (how can we find the courage to eradicate suffering throughout the world?). We hope that the following discussion topics and activities will enrich your students’ appreciation of this unique, transforming work of modern fiction. Reading and Understanding This Book This section gives teachers an opportunity to focus on comprehension, to clarify aspects of the plot, and to allow students to share their own interpretations of certain passages. 1. In Celie’s first letter to God, she asks for a sign to let her know what is happening to her. Discuss the way confusion and deception become powerful tools for those characters who want to take advantage of Celie. Unravel the layers of lies that are told to her throughout the novel, perhaps making lists that compare the fiction she is expected to believe with the truth about her world. These canbe concrete (Celie’s impression that Pa is too poor to provide properly for her, and the later realization that he had more resources than he ever lets on) or abstract (the assertion that Celie is unintelligent, though she demonstrates constant intelligence in planning for her safety and that of her sister). Ask the students to recall their own experience with a revelation: when in their lives has the truth set them free? 2. What is the effect of not knowing Albert’s last name? In early novels, it was not uncommon for authors to use a blank in place of a character’s name, to create the illusion that the character was someone the reader might know—someone whose identity had to be kept secret. What does it mean that Celie must call her husband Mr. ____? When does she at last begin calling him by his first name? 3. Why does Albert tell Harpo to begin beating his wife, Sofia? Why is it so important to Harpo that his wife have no will of her own? Is his relationship with Squeak (Mary Agnes) fulfilling? What do these scenes tell us about the nature of abusive cycles? Is cruelty something that is taught—something that is unnatural? In your opinion, what does it take for someone (male or female) to deserve true respect? 4. Just as Celie grew up being told she was inferior, Shug Avery was always told she was evil. What are your impressions of Shug, from the photo Celie sees early on, to the end of the novel, when Celie and Albert have united in their devotion to Shug? What does Shug teach Celie about being loved, and about finding one’s true self? What price does Sofia pay for being her true self? 5. What does it take for Celie to finally reach her boiling point and reject oppression? 6. What is Celie’s opinion of Grady and his haze of addiction? 7. Why is it difficult for Shug to commit to the people who love her? In what ways does Shug bring both pleasure and heartache to them? 8. Nettie’s life with Corrine and Samuel gives her the first semblance of a healthy family life she has ever known, but Corrine’s jealousy taints this. Only the memory of that crucial early scene, when Celie lays eyes on her daughter at the store, absolves Nettie just before Corrine dies. The Color Purple brims with these intricate turns of plot. List the seemingly minor scenes that turn out to be pivotal in the lives of the characters. The Cast of Characters, Listed AlphabeticallyALPHONSO: Referred to as “Pa,” he is Celie and Nettie’s stepfather (though at first they are told he is their biological father). CELIE: The novel’s heroine. DORIS BAINES: The wealthy missionary Nettie meets on a ship. ELEANOR JANE: The mayor’s daughter, who is oblivious to hardship when Sofia is forced to become her family’s maid. GERMAINE: The younger man who steals Shug’s heart. GRADY: Shug’s passive husband. HARPO: Celie’s oldest stepchild and owner of the juke joint. KATE: Mr. ____’s sister, who early on urges Celie to stand up for herself. MISS MILLIE: The mayor’s racist wife. MR. 2: Celie’s husband, whom she later calle by his first name, Albert. NETTIE: Celie’s younger sister. OLIVIA and ADAM: Celie’s children. SAMUEL and CORRINE: The minister and his wife, who adopt Celie’s children. SHUG AVERY: The glamorous singer, whose given name is Lillie. SOFIA: Harpo’s headstrong wife. SQUEAK: The nickname for Harpo’s biracial girlfriend, Mary Agnes. TASHI: The Olinka village girl who marries Adam. The Art of Language One of the novel’s many achievements is its pitch-perfect use of voice. Celie’s and Nettie’s letters convey two starkly different varieties of English, providing a gateway for students to consider the historical and social aspects of language. 1. Using online resources, a guest speaker from a local university, or textbooks on the history of English (such as McCrum, MacNeil, and Cran’s widely adopted The Story of English) present a history of African American Vernacular English (AAVE), formerly known as Black English among sociolinguists and sometimes referred to as Ebonics. In what ways does language capture a particular experience? Is it a reflection of geography (including rural versus urban areas)? Education level? Peer groups? Age? Immigration status? How are language and identity linked? In the contemporary world, especially in music, does AAVE convey different cues than it did in the 1920s and 1930s? 2. Ask the students to identify the systems and vocabularies that make Celie’s voice distinctive (replacing the digraph “th” with the letter “d,” so “that” becomes “dat;” dropping auxiliary verbs; her use of “hant” to describe a haunting ghost or “migration” for “admiration”). When they have completed their analyses, ask the students to compare Celie’s voice with Nettie’s. What causes the gradual transformation of Nettie’s speech patterns? What does Celie mean when, as Darlene is trying to teach her to speak standard English, she says, “Only a fool would want you to talk in a way that feel peculiar to your mind”? 3. Ask the students to identify their underground speech styles. What are the traits of their formal and informal uses of language? What vocabularies do they use to fit in with their peers, or to keep adults from understanding their messages? What dialects are associated with their own ancestors? What dialects might cause them to be ostracized? 4. Present a unit on the use of vernacular in fiction. Demonstrate that in literature–from older classics such as Mark Twain’s The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn through contemporary works such as those by Hawaiian author Lois-Ann Yamanaka—dialects have won accolades for authenticity and criticism for promoting what some say are racist or simply “incorrect” examples of American English. Does a fiction writer have more freedom, or even an obligation, to portray marginalized populations with candor? What causes a word—whether a racial slur or a sexual profanity—to be deemed offensive? 1. Celie’s life sets the stage for the civil rights movement, giving context to the years before Martin Luther King Jr.’s march on Washington (where, in 1963, Alice Walker was able to hear his “I have a dream” speech while perched on a tree limb). What facts about American history are captured in The Color Purple, such as those represented by the lynching and burning of Celie and Nettie’s father? 2. What laws, or lack of laws, were in place in the early twentieth century to restrict the political and economic power of African Americans in the South? Did the Nineteenth Amendment, granting voting rights to women, extend to Celie? Could she have served on a jury? 3. How has society (as well as the legal system) changed to address violence against children and women? How would Alphonso and Albert have fared in twenty-first-century courts? 4. On a map, trace two voyages: the typical route of European slave ships through the Middle Passage, and the route Nettie takes to Liberia. Next, research Liberia’s fascinating history, beginning with the question of why the country is called Liberia. How was presidential power transferred from the dictator Charles Taylor to a Harvard-educated woman, Ellen Johnson-Sirleaf? 5. What does Nettie tell us about life in Liberia under President William Tubman, who took office in 1944? How does Nettie reconcile her mixed feelings about the Olinka experience? Is financial greed the root of the suffering portrayed in much of the novel? How does Doris Baines use her financial power? 6. What historical facts are captured in the news that Nettie’s ship was sunk amid the treachery of World War II? 7. Alice Walker honors all aspects of her ancestry, which includes Cherokee Indians through her maternal grandmother. What references to Native American populations does she include in The Color Purple? A Kaleidoscope of Symbols 1. Celie longs to wear purple, a color she associates with royalty and with vibrant women such as Shug, and a color she thinks God may have created in order to receive love. In the novel’s glorious conclusion, she surrounds herself with purple. What makes this color special—special enough to become the novel’s title? 2. The Color Purple has often been read as a metaphor for the African American legacy. What symbolism exists in the way Celie is separated from her children, denied an education, and valued only for her housekeeping and her sexual capabilities? When Adam and Tashi marry, does this negate any of the injustices of European as well as African slave traders? What do characters such as Miss Millie, who tries to dehumanize and exploit the labor of people of color, reflect about the post-Reconstruction world? What turning point does Sofia’s act of defiance (despite its brutal consequences) reflect? 3. What is the significance of Celie’s success as a manufacturer of pants (in terms of commerce, creativity, defiance, comfort, or other parameters)? 4. How do Celie and Nettie picture God? What interpretation of God does Nettie encounter in Africa? 5. Many of the novel’s characters take note of the melanin content in the skin of others. What do these “degrees of darkness” symbolize to them? Is it associated with status? 6. What determines whether someone is considered beautiful today, versus in the early twentieth century? How do you define beauty? Why were so few people willing to see the beauty in Celie? 1. Note that two of Alice Walker’s later books create an informal trilogy with The Color Purple. In Possessing the Secret of Joy, Tashi confronts the emotional and physical damage of female genital mutilation and returns to Africa to inflict vengeance on the elderly woman who performed the procedure on her. The Temple of My Familiar features Celie’s granddaughter, Fanny. Walker’s short stories, especially the widely anthologized “Everyday Use,” also merit literary analysis. The most comprehensive biography of Walker to date is Evelyn White’s Alice Walker: A Life. 2. Other supplemental reading can be drawn from the Harlem Renaissance, to match the time period of the novel (particularly the works of Zora Neale Hurston, Ralph Ellison, Langston Hughes, Countee Cullen, Georgia Douglas Johnson, and James Baldwin) or from contemporaries of Walker, including Toni Morrison, Maxine Hong Kingston, and Sandra Cisneros. The memoir genre also offers a powerful way to enhance this reading, including Dorothy Allison’s Bastard Out of Carolina or Mary Karr’s The Liar’s Club. In addition, Barbara Kingsolver’s novel The Poisonwood Bible provides a moving depiction of a misguided American missionary during the time of the Congolese revolution against Belgium. 3. Blues music is an essential supplement to the novel. Recordings of Bessie Smith, Ma Rainey, Alberta Hunter, and Ethel Waters could convey the experience of hearing Shug Avery perform; Walker specifically refers to Bessie Smith’s song “A Good Man Is Hard to Find” (which also became the title for Flannery O’Connor’s well-known short story). Jazz performers appropriate to the time period include Cab Calloway, Duke Ellington, Dizzy Gillespie, and Billie Holiday. Scott Joplin’s piano rags set a contemplative tone and capture sounds popular during Celie’s childhood. Recordings by gospel great Mahalia Jackson could be used to demonstrate the kinds of hymns Nettie might have known. Soundtracks from the musical and the film versions of The Color Purple are also available. About the Author Born in 1944, Alice Walker was raised in rural Georgia, where her parents worked as tenant farmers. The youngest of eight children, she witnessed frequent economic hardship against the backdrop of racial terror in the segregated South. After graduating from high school as valedictorian, she attended Spelman College in Atlanta, where she became active in the civil rights movement. She later transferred to Sarah Lawrence College in New York and traveled to Uganda as an exchange student before completing her bachelor’s degree. She is the author of three collections of short stories, three collections of essays, six volumes of poetry, and several additional novels, as well as children’s books. Her work has been translated into more than two dozen languages. The mother of a grown daughter, Walker now lives in northern California. Copyright © 2006 by Harcourt, Inc. All rights reserved. Teacher’s guide written by Amy Root, MFA. Return to top
The city on a hill and the last, best hope of mankind has entered a new period in its history. We are now America, the downwardly mobile. The problem isn't due to the recession. Would that it were. The decade just concluded is the first in which Americans, on average, have seen their incomes decline. Median household income increased by about $4,000 per decade in the 1980s and '90s: from $42,429 in 1980 to $46,049 in 1990 to $50,557 in 2000 (in 2007 dollars). In 2009, the most recent year for which we have figures, it had declined to $49,777 - but 2009, of course, was a year of deep recession. If we go back to the peak year of the last decade, 2007, we find that median household income was just $50,233- roughly $300 less than it had been in 2000.
Date: Fri, 18 Apr 97 18:15:21 CDT Imperialist Hands Off Albania! Editorial, The Militant, Vol.61 no.16, 21 April 1997 Working people and youth around the world should join the thousands of their brothers and sisters in the Albanian city of Vlore, as well as protesters in Greece and Italy, in organizing demonstrations, picket lines, and speak-outs against the military occupation of Albania now under way. The goal of Rome, Paris, Athens, and their imperialist brethren is to speed the day when these capitalist powers can overturn the remaining gains of the 1944-46 Albanian revolution and reestablish the complete domination of wage slavery in that country. The pretext for military intervention, securing distribution of "humanitarian aid," is a transparent fraud. Leaders of the rebel defense councils have repeatedly stated they are capable of organizing distribution of food, medicines, and any other aid shipments from abroad. Humanitarianism - professed by Rome, Athens, or Paris - is also a bald-faced lie. Italian imperialism was the former colonial power dominating Albania before World War II. Mussolini's fascist armies attempted to perpetuate that superexploitation of the country's toilers through a massive invasion in 1939. The Italian and German occupiers were defeated by a popular partisan movement that then led a successful socialist revolution, abolishing capitalism and establishing a workers state by 1946. Recently, the Italian navy exposed Rome's "humanitarian" face when it sunk an Albanian boat full of refugees, drowning dozens. The Greek rulers have invaded Albania three times this century with the goal of annexing part of the country. Athens now says it intends to send part of its contingent right into rebel-held Vlore, the cauldron of the anti- Berisha rebellion. One of the stated aims of the invaders is to take the weapons out to the hands of the armed toilers, thus aiding either the hated Berisha regime or another pro- imperialist administration. Washington, which propped up Berisha with military and economic aid for five years, has decided not to deploy troops at the moment trying to position itself for future intervention if its capitalist brothers in Europe come up short of their goal. That's what U.S. imperialism did during the 1992-95 war in Yugoslavia. It let the Yugoslav toilers bleed, posing as a defender of peace while secretly encouraging the slaughter, creating the image that its rivals in Europe are incapable of "stopping the war." Washington then bombed Bosnia, paving the way for the imperialist-crafted Dayton accord and the subsequent U.S.- organized occupation of parts of Yugoslavia by NATO troops. The Clinton administration, which gave its backing to the Italian-led expedition, is mulling a similar scenario in the case of Albania. Before the imperialists can accomplish their goals, however, they have to confront and militarily defeat not just the toilers in Albania and other workers states, but working people in their home countries as well. Labor resistance to the bosses' profit drive in Italy, Greece, France and other capitalist centers, along with the initial opposition in the streets against intervention, objectively aids the Albanian toilers. This is the time to tell the truth about the Albanian and Yugoslav revolutions and their accomplishments, and organize actions demanding: Imperialist hands off Albania! Not one soldier or penny for intervention! Open the borders to all Albanian refugees! To get an introductory 12-week subscription to the Militant in the U.S., send $10 US to: The Militant, 410 West Street, New York, NY 10014. For subscription rates to other countries, send e-mail to email@example.com or write to the above address.
Data released Wednesday morning by the U.S Census Bureau, adjusted for seasonal variation and holiday and trading-day differences but not for price changes, shows $424.1 billion in retail sales, up 1.1% from the previous month, and up 4.6% above February 2012. In the NAICS class 444 -- “building material and garden equipment and supplies dealers” -- sales closely followed total retail sales. The segment was up 1.1% for the month, and up 4.5% for the year. The government estimated 444 businesses hit $25.603 billion in sales in February, up from $25.314 billion in January. The data also showed nonstore retailers were up 15.7% from the same month last year. And auto and other motor vehicle dealers were up 8.8% from last year.
People with epilepsy may experience seizures from time to time. Some people experience them more frequently than others. According to the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, 80 percent of people with epilepsy find significant improvement in their epileptic episodes with modern treatments. Medicine isn’t the only aspect of treating epilepsy. Caring for people with seizures or caring for yourself doesn’t stop once you leave the doctor’s office or hospital. You also need to improve the safety of the places you frequent . This includes your home or office, or your child’s school. Keep the following in mind if you or a loved one has seizures. Whether you’re eating, sleeping, or entertaining, you spend the majority of your life in your home. Keep in mind these tips for making your home a safer place. Replace glass. If you have a seizure and fall through the glass, you can cut yourself severely. Swap out the glass in doors and windows at or below waist level with safety glass or plastic. This includes shower doors. Avoid taking baths. People who experience seizures have an increased risk of drowning in a bathtub during a seizure. A shower is much safer. Don’t use electrical appliances near water. In the event of a seizure, you might drop the appliance into water and electrocute yourself. Keep interior doors unlocked. Caregivers will have difficulty getting to you if you have a seizure behind a locked door. Use caution with hot items. Avoid carrying pots of hot water or food. Ask for assistance when possible. Serve yourself food from the stove, and make sure pan handles are facing toward the back of the stove. If you have a seizure while food is cooking, you may accidentally hit the handle and spill hot food on your body. Cover fireplaces with break-proof glass. Avoid using space heaters that can be easily turned over. Only use motorized power tools that have safety switches. Machines with safety switches will stop on their own if you have a seizure and let go of the switch. Each job presents its own set of challenges if you experience seizures. While office jobs may not require as much precaution as factory jobs, these tips apply to any job: Tell HR. Make sure you alert your manager, human resources representative, and workplace nurse to your condition. Assure them that your epilepsy is well-handled, and advise them what to do in the event of a seizure. Designate an emergency contact. Inform a trusted colleague of your condition so they can help care for you in the event of a seizure. Use caution. Wear appropriate protective gear at all times. Avoid jobs that put you in contact with open flames or sources of heat, including welding torches. If your child has epilepsy, you should work with the school to make sure they’re well cared for during school hours. At the beginning of each school year, meet with the school nurse, your child’s teacher, and administers. Discuss your child’s needs and your concerns. If the seizures are managed by medicine, your child may not need much assistance from the school. But it’s important you discuss what should happen in the event of a seizure and who should be contacted. A few measures you can take at your child’s school include: - providing a helmet for physical education classes and recess - buying a medical alert bracelet for your child to wear at all times. Many companies now make kid-friendly varieties - talking to the school’s counselor. Children with epilepsy are more likely to experience depression, low self-esteem, and bullying as a result of their condition. It’s important that your child’s school counselor develops a relationship with you and your child Physical activity and exercise are very important to your overall health. You can maintain an active lifestyle with epilepsy. Just be sure to implement the following precautions in case you experience seizures. Introduce yourself to gym staff. Let employees know you have epilepsy and may experience a seizure. Explain what they should do in the event of a seizure. Wear a medical ID bracelet. If you have a seizure and you’re in an unfamiliar place, a medical alert bracelet will help emergency responders treat you appropriately. Talk with your doctor before beginning any contact sports. If cleared by your doctor, wear appropriate safety gear. Helmets, guards, and protective gear are very important in contact sports, especially if you have epilepsy. Alert a lifeguard. Only swim in a lifeguard-attended pool, and let the staff know that you experience seizures so they can be alert to a possible problem. Swim with a buddy if a lifeguard isn’t present. Wear a helmet. You could fall and hit your head while biking, skiing, horseback riding, and hiking. Be aware of the risks. Don’t participate in an activity that could be dangerous to you or another person if you were to have a moment of inattentiveness.
100 Ways to Motivate Yourself Feb 25, 2013 - 5:04:27 PM Since its first release more than a decade ago, 100 Ways to Motivate Yourself (Career Press, November 22, 2012) has been an instant hit. Now, Chandler has reinvented his classic, with an action plan for living your vision, in business and in life. It also features his tried-and-true 100 proven methods to positively change the way you think and act--with 10 new and unpublished ways! These methods are based on feedback from hundreds of thousands of seminar attendees Chandler speaks to each year. A sampling of 100 Ways to Motivate Yourself's famous methods ● Stay Hungry: Chandler recalls getting simple yet effective advice on achieving your goals from a most unlikely source--a young Arnold Schwarzenegger. ● Light Your Lazy Dynamite: Act as though you were the laziest person on the planet...the results may prove the opposite! ● Make A List Of Your Life: Don't assume that writing lists make things trivial. In fact, they make things come alive. A goal gains power when you write it down. ● Do What You Can Do Today: If you go through life with a goal for today, you are still getting one step closer to the big-picture dream. 100 Ways to Motivate Yourself will help you break through the negative barriers and banish the pessimistic thoughts that are preventing you from fulfilling your lifelong goals and dreams. This edition also contains new mental and spiritual techniques that give readers more immediate access to action and results in their lives. If you're ready to finally make a change and reach your goals, Steve Chandler challenges you to turn your defeatist attitude into energetic, optimistic, enthusiastic accomplishments. About the author: Steve Chandler is one of America's best-selling authors whose dozens of books--including the best-sellers 100 Ways to Motivate Others, 100 Ways to Motivate Yourself, The Hands-Off Manager, and Reinventing Yourself--have been translated into more than 25 languages, with best-sellers in China and Japan. He is also a world-famous public speaker who has been a guest on hundreds of radio and TV shows. Chandler has been a guest lecturer at the University of Santa Monica where he teaches in the graduate program of soul-centered leadership. He has been a trainer and consultant to more than 30 Fortune 500 companies worldwide. For advertising and promotion on www.HealthNewsDigest.com contact Mike McCurdy at: [email protected] or call 877-634-9180. We are syndicated worldwide and read in 164 countries. We also have over 7,000 journalists as subscribers who may use our content for their own media!
Cell Mechanism Findings Could One Day be Used to Engineer Organs Oct 22, 2012 - 10:24:39 AM (HealthNewsDigest.com) - Biologists have teamed up with mechanical engineers from the The University of Texas at Dallas to conduct cell research that provides information that may one day be used to engineer organs. The research, published online in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, sheds light on the mechanics of cell, tissue and organ formation. The research revealed basic mechanisms about how a group of bacterial cells can form large three-dimensional structures. Dr. Zhenxing Hu (right) and Dr. Hongbing Lu are shown working with biofilm. “If you want to create an organism, the geometry of how a group of cells self-organizes is crucial,” said Dr. Hongbing Lu, professor of mechanical engineering and holder of the Louis Beecherl Jr. Chair at UT Dallas and an author of the study. “We found that cell death leads to wrinkles, and the stiffer the cell the fewer wrinkles.” Organ formation is the result of individual cells teaming with others. The aggregate of the cells and their environment form a thin layer of what is known as a biofilm. These biofilms form 3-D wrinkled patterns. Senior author Dr. Gürol Süel, now at the University of California, San Diego, and his colleagues noticed dead cells under the wrinkle pattern. They teamed with Lu to discover what came first – the cells’ death or the wrinkling. Lu is an expert in nanomechanics – measuring forces on small objects. They found that groups of cells dying together within the biofilm resulted in the formation of wrinkles. They also found that the stiffness of the biofilm affected the formation of wrinkles. This is significant because it lays the foundation for the first theory about building a structure in tissues and organs, taking both the biological and mechanical forces into consideration. Wrinkle formation that occurred on a four-day-old subtilis biofilm was preceded by cell death. “There are ways to control whether a biofilm is soft or stiff, and then you control the wrinkling and the ultimate structure the cells become,” Lu said. Researchers then controlled the location where cells died and were able to create artificial wrinkle patterns, verifying their findings. All of the research was done on bacteria known as Bacillus subtilis. “Bacillus subtilis has many aspects that are similar to other cells,” Lu said. “If we understand how this process works in bacteria, it can open up the door to higher levels of life.” The next step, Lu said, is to create more organized 3D structures using higher forms of life. Yingjie Du, a doctoral student and Dr. Zhenxing Hu, a postdoctoral research associate in the Erik Jonsson School of Engineering and Computer Science at UT Dallas were part of the engineering team that contributed to this research. Researchers from UT Southwestern Medical Center, and Universitat Politécnica de Catalunya and Universitat Pompeu Fabra, both in Spain, also contributed. This research was supported by the National Institutes of Health and the James S. McDonnell Foundation. For advertising and promotion on HealthNewsDigest.com please contact Mike McCurdy: [email protected] or 877-634-9180 HealthNewsDigest.com is syndicated worldwide, to thousands of journalists in all media, and health-related websites. www.HealthNewsDigest.com © Copyright by HealthNewsDigest.com
Research into Post-Polio syndrome and ME has made the astounding discovery that the virus that most often triggers ME is closely related to the one that causes polio. Just a few decades ago, hospital wards were full of children in iron lungs as a result of polio. No longer. The horrific spectacle appeared to abate with the advent of vaccination, but nothing is without its price. The public breathed a sigh of relief and even the medical profession believed, and still seems to believe, that the dreaded scourge of polio was at last being vanquished. We read predictions that it will be wiped out by the year 2000. But a body of evidence is growing linking myalgic encephalomyelitis (ME) to this terrible disease largely caused by attempts to eradicate polio. An alternative polio seems to be upon us. The proceedings of the first international scientific conference on the Post-Polio Syndrome in the US have been collated in the Annals of the New York Academy of Science. It includes 50 papers written by 118 contributors from a wide range of specialties, including clinical neurology, neuroscience, electrophysiology, brain imaging, histology, virology, immunology, epidemiology and rehabilitation. In particular, papers by Dr Richard Bruno, assistant professor at the New Jersey Medical School's department of physical medicine and rehabilitation and director of Post-Polio Rehabilitation and Research Service at the Kessler Institute for Rehabilitation in New Jersey, and four other specialists compare in graphic detail ME now often called Chronic Fatigue Syndrome and Post-Polio Syndrome (Dalakas, et al, ed. The Post Polio Syndrome: Advances in the Pathogenesis and Treatment, Annals, NY Academy, Sciences, 1995: 273: 1-409). Post-Polio is developing in those who had polio 25-30 years previously. Clinically, it is indistinguishable from ME. Other researchers demonstrate that ME is just another form of polio, which has increased with the advent of polio vaccination. As one type of gut virus has been eradicated, so other forms have had the space to proliferate. To understand the link one needs to understand the microbiological habits of both polio and other enterovirus disease that is, gut bugs. A historical accident has led to various names being given to viruses, all of which share physical, chemical and epidemiological characteristics of what we consider the classic polio virus, which science refers to as polio viruses 1,2 and 3 (Dowsett: Journal of Hospital Infection, 1988; 11: 103-15). In 1948 a polio-like illness in New York state prompted scientists to culture the virus. But what grew looked to them at that time like a new virus. They called it "Coxsackie" after the small town up the Hudson River where it was found. And they called the disease "Atypical Polio" because its symptoms identified it as a kind of polio, despite the virus being apparently different. This kind of polio, "Atypical Polio", has since been renamed "ME" and even more recently, "Chronic Fatigue Syndrome". But it remains a kind of polio despite the change of name, and newer technology has shown up the generic similarities of the most frequent agent that causes it. These techniques place Coxsackie, the virus most often implicated in ME, in the polio family tree, along with so-called Echo viruses. Coxsackie has been further divided into Coxsackie type A (with 24 viruses) and Coxsackie type B (six viruses). There are 34 Echo viruses. In total, there are at least 72 enteroviruses in all, with new ones still being discovered.
Lettuce is one of the most popular salads, not only because of the incredible taste, but also because of the enormous benefits for human health. Lettuce is a good source of chlorophyll and vitamin K. It is rich in mineral salts, lutein and beta-carotene. Also it is rich in vitamin C, calcium, fiber, folic acid and iron. Lettuce is included in the list of necessary substances to the body because it contains vitamin A, B6, potassium and lycopene. People knew about lettuce health benefits even over 20 centuries ago. The ancient Greeks painstakingly used its many medicinal properties. Some said lettuce is great against coughs, others saying it’s best to consume it before bed because it improves sleep, however, we certainly agree that lettuce is very powerful vegetable nothing less useful than others, but it also offers many of its specific benefits. Lettuce protects and keeps our nerves, but also strengthens and maintains the immune system, so it is good, even necessary, to be consumed during the season of colds and flu. Very important information about this plant is that lettuce is a natural diuretic. It also eliminates excess fluid in the organism, protects the heart and blood vessels and improves the functioning of the kidneys. Lettuce contains material which opens up blood vessels, prevents the occurrence of plaques in blood vessels also reduces the risk of heart attacks and other adverse conditions on the cardiovascular system. Lettuce is a friend of the body, protects all systems and organs and regulates blood pressure. Lettuce is used as a cure for constipation and is a great regulator of intestinal operations. According to some researches, lettuce reduces the risk of type 2 diabetes, and many other diseases. Perhaps you use it every day, but you should admit that you never expected that this plant is this healthy and useful, even more useful than some plants that people have a high opinion on. So, eat lettuce because it is a friend of the organism and deserves daily presence on your table.
After running into the owners of a Colorado Brewery this weekend, I stumbled on a battle going on in the state between, as the Brewers see it, liquor stores and grocery stores. Really, it is a battle between liquor stores and consumers. While it is predictable that liquor stores would try and block legislation that would allow any other store to carry beer I was extremely surprised to find that many craft brewers are adamantly taking the side of liquor stores and actively lobbying Colorado legislators to keep beer off grocery store shelves. It is a very sad thing when businesses ask government to shield them from competition. It is even more depressing to see small businesses, which survive by their flexibility and loyal customer base, exhibit such anti-competitive and anti-consumer behavior. The situation: In the state of Colorado, grocery stores and convenience stores are allowed to sell beer, but only if it is under 3.2% ABV which is lower than the average brew. They argue that they should be allowed to compete with liquor stores and serve their consumers better by lifting the percentage barrier on beer. The arguments: Grocery stores, faced with increasing food prices and falling profits demand the ability to offer their consumers the products they want—including full-strength beer. Independent liquor stores as well as some craft brewers claim that grocery stores will carry only the top selling brands of beer and that changing the law will put independent and small liquor stores out of business resulting in reduced availability of craft beers. The liquor store-craft brew argument is pure bunk. And it isn’t even a new argument. It’s the same old Wal-Mart myth repackaged in a beer cask. The oft heard claim is that a large store (like a Wal-Mart) moves into an area squeezing out smaller Mom-and-Pop competition. The truth is that any business moving into a new market will increase competition within the market. As in the case of Wal-Mart, if grocery stores enter the malt beverage market some independent stores probably will go out of business—but don’t blame the grocery stores. Blame the liquor stores for being uncompetitive; for not finding some way (either product variety, more convenience hours or location, better advertising) meet the demands of consumers—they should go out of business if they can’t provide what consumers want. The question then is, will craft brewers go out of business as a result of all this change? The answer is the same for the liquor stores: not if they are good craft brewers. While the brewers that I spoke with touted the importance of the craft brew movement in Colorado (no argument here) and the variety that exists in the state (again- that’s a fact) he didn’t seem to want to listen to the argument that grocery stores selling beer might open a whole new market for distribution. In fact, he downright admitted that “maybe” and “might” isn’t comforting when the system they currently have “works right now”. So, there you have it, small businesses preserving the status quo. These brewers, who already have distribution contracts set in place with these small liquor stores, simply don’t want to think about how they could work to convince grocers to carry their beers or incense their fans to demand stores carry their brand, and liquor stores don’t want to have to think about how to carve a niche in a market where competition can enter freely. In fact, the respective arguments of liquor stores and craft brewers are self-defeating when put together. If grocery stores will refuse to carry craft beer (as the brewers believe) and the liquor stores will lose customers to grocery store beer…liquor stores can devote more inventory to the craft beers that consumers obviously want and keep making a profit. As Philadelphia beer reporter “Joe Sixpack” said “If supermarkets squeeze out craft beer, it'll only create alternative specialty beer retailers. Look at gourmet cheese. You can't buy it at the Acme, but you still find it easily, in specialty shops, farmer markets and upscale places like Whole Foods.” When I brought up the fact that Whole Foods grocery stores carry many craft beers and are often right next to liquor stores, the craft brewer I spoke with had to admit that Whole Foods was the exception to his vision of generic grocery store selection. But if selection in CO grocery stores really would be that bad, it would simply create more opportunity for stores like Whole Foods that recognize the demand for craft beers.
If you have been a long time reader of my blog, you may think I have a bee in my bonnet about being able to search through ABAP source code, as if it were some holy grail or something. Yet when I consider that, given the following use cases, I think there is a lot of scope for such a solution: - Finding occurrences of certain hard-coded values - Finding usages of messages issued without a MESSAGE statement - If code is documented properly, assisting with troubleshooting by e.g. looking for references to e.g. ticket ID’s or certain functionality - Looking for instances of direct table updates - Implementing a To-do list by annotating code with e.g. #TODO or #FIXME or #STUB tags in the comments Especially the last use case, in a large team on a large project would prove most useful, if you could convince developers of the benefit something like that would have for themselves. Overall, I think having source code search functionality can be very beneficial to a development team, both for development and support purposes. Since my last attempts documented in earlier blog posts, where I was using a combination of Ruby, the Netweaver RFC SDK and Ferret, I have actually been won over to Solr. The first time I tried Solr, I was not impressed by the speed, and for some reason, I managed to index source faster with Ferret. That however, has changed. With Ferret being seemingly out of maintenance for some time, and because I am easily swayed by opinions expressed in forums and the like (in this case opinions against Ferret, not for Solr), I decided to give Solr another try, and though it is not as simple to set up out of the box as Ferret (which just involves the installation of a gem), it is certainly more powerful and customizable, and it suits our purposes nicely. The best part of this new solution is that it is very easy to set up: all you need is an ABAP program (code provided here) and a running instance of Solr, which you can deploy to Tomcat running (even) on a desktop. You can probably get your 5-year old nephew to do set it up. For the rest of the article, I am going to walk you through the steps for setting up an ABAP source code search using Tomcat, Solr, and your ABAP system. (I’m doing this on Windows, by the way; for a Linux/Unix installation things will be mostly the same anyway). First, let’s grab a zip archive of the latest version of Tomcat. (You can choose to install Tomcat as a service, but for the purpose of demonstation we’ll do a non-invasive install). Unzip the file somewhere on your hard drive. I renamed the directory to “tomcat” for less typing. On the command line, navigate to \bin\ in the tomcat distribution and execute startup.bat. Now open your browser and point it to http://localhost:8080 to check that it is running. The next step is to install Solr. Grab the Solr distribution from an Apache mirror near you. I tested with 3.6.1. Unzip the archive somewhere and copy the .war file in the root of the distribution to the \webapps directory in your tomcat installation. I renamed the file to “solr.war” so the resulting URL is easier to access. If everything went well, Tomcat would have auto-deployed the WAR file and you would end up with a correspondingly-named directory in the \webapps directory. Go to http://localhost:8080/solr to check. Now the important bit: Solr is not working just yet. You need to create a Solr home directory and change the config in your web app to point to this directory. Go back to your Solr archive, and look for examples\solr. Copy this “solr” directory, which is a sample Solr home directory to somewhere on your hard drive. I ended up with C:\temp\solr. Finally go to the Solr web app, and inside the WEB-INF directory (tomcat\webapps\solr), edit the web.xml file and look for the solr/home env-entry value. Change the value to where-ever your example Solr home ended up, e.g. C:\temp\solr. To test that it is working, go to http://localhost:8080/solr/admin. (The Tomcat servlet container may take a few seconds to register the change, so if it does not work right away, refresh the browser). Now we have a working indexing and search engine running, but no data. The next step is to install the ABAP program. Go to SE38, create an online report (type 1) program and paste the code into the editor and compile. Done. You can access the source code from this gist on Github: https://gist.github.com/3823019 (The source comes complete with selection screen labels inside). When you execute the program, you will see the following selection screen: The most important thing is the URL. In this field, enter the URL to the Solr application on your desktop (minding to leave off the trailing slash as the label indicates). Remember to change the host name to your IP address. If you have problem connecting to app, you should check your firewall settings on your desktop. I had that problem. Right now the program is quite crude, but at 326 lines of code (including comments and blank lines), I think it’s quite feature-full. Future versions of the program may include extra admin and configuration options and better error recovery, but I will keep you posted as it progresses. You can test that the setup is successful by clicking the “Optimize Index” button, which sends an optimize command (very benign) to the server. If you see an info message pop up, you know the connection is working. Here is a rundown of the other options on the selection screen: - The package sizes and packages per commit are just options for fine-tuning performance. I think the default values are reasonable to me after having played around a bit. Package size means how many programs’ sources will be bundled together per update request to Solr, and after the packages per commit size has been reached, a commit on Solr is triggered. - The “Resume after program” option allows you to resume indexing from a certain point; the last updated program is tracked while it is running. - The deltas option will come in handy later, after you have carried out the initial indexing and wish to schedule a periodic program to add programs that have been created or changed since the last index operation. - “Delete index before starting”, if set, will delete the entire index first when you run the program to start indexing. The same thing can be achieved by clicking the “Delete Index” button. Probably useful if you want to start a clean index. - “Include line numbers in source” will do just that – include source code line numbering in the extracted source that is indexed; may be useful for showing in search results. - If the program encounters as many errors during execution as specified in “Max. errors before stopping”, it will terminate the indexing and the program will stop. - The “Store Solr URL” button stores the URL in the database (in the INDX cluster table; so no harm done); consider it a “config” option (more perhaps to follow in future versions of the program) If you look at the code, you will notice that the report has a set of programs hard-coded that represents objects in the customer ‘Z’ and ‘Y’ namespaces. If want to export other source code objects, you will need to change the SELECT statement inside the program. One more thing before you get going: Using the default Solr schema, the “text” field, which will store the program source is not stored (that is, it is indexed and you can perform a search on it, but you won’t see the source in a search result). You can change this by editing the file conf\schema.xml in your Solr home and looking for the definition of the “text” field, and changing the “stored” attribute to “true”. WARNING: This will dramatically increase the size of your index on disk, but for just indexing your custom objects, you should be fine. Once you are ready to start, you can execute the program in the background. Go to SM37 to check that it is running. You can monitor the progress on the Solr server by pointing your browser to http://localhost:8080/solr/admin/stats.jsp and watching the number of items in the index. As programs get added you can start to search through them. I am working on an ABAP report from which to do a search, which I will reveal in the next post, but for now it will suffice to just use your browser. From the admin page (http://localhost:8080/solr/admin/), you can enter a search term and do a search. (See the screenshot above). You can additionally just play around with the URL. If you set the text to stored above, you will get the source code returned in the results, which allows you to do highlighting of the search terms. There is a plethora of options for searching which you can read about on the Solr wiki. Some issues I have found so far (when indexing the entire source modules on my Netweaver demo system): There are program names in REPOSRC that prove problematic (either for Solr or the XML parser) because of special characters. Also, some programs contain characters that are considered invalid XML. (I need to investigate that; the solution might be as simple as converting from UTF-16LE to UTF-8). However, neither of these will probably apply to your code if you are just indexing custom objects. Performance wasn’t too bad though: On my home demo Netweaver system, it took about 1 1/2 hours to index the just over 1.1 million source objects (granted that there were a few failures due to the issues I just mentioned). Anyway, as promised, in the next post I will provide an ABAP-based frontend for searching through the index. This will allow you to perform search from the SAP system, and additionally navigate directly to code modules.
National Park Service By John Dodge CHICAGO (CBS) — My biggest wish for Father’s Day was to see my children at peace and happy. Along with some summer fun for dad, too. One of the best ways for […] Part of Chicago’s historic Pullman neighborhood is a step closer to becoming a national park. Park rangers have brought in ground-penetrating radar to help determine why a 6-year-old boy plunged 11 feet under the sands of Mount Baldy at the Indiana Dunes a week ago. The Museum of Science and Industry has completed a major exterior restoration project, thanks in part to a $400,000 federal grant. A national parks advocacy group says many Chicagoans could be enjoying the Indiana Dunes along Lake Michigan, but they might not know it’s there.
Children usually feel sick in the stomach when travelling in a car, airplane, boat or train. This sickness is known as motion sickness. This sickness is caused by reception of wrong signals by eyes, muscles, skin receptors, and inner ears. While travelling, different body parts send different signals to the brain. Eyes see things around and it sends signals about the direction of movement while in motion. The joint sensory receptors and muscles send signals about the movement of the muscles and the position in which the body is. The skin receptors send signals about the parts of the body which are in contact with the ground. The inner ears have a fluid in the semicircular canals. This fluid senses motion and the direction of motion like forward, backward, up, down, circular, or to and fro. When the brain gets timely reports from the various body parts, it tries to find a relation between all the signals and then sketches a picture about the body’s movement and position at a particular instant. But when the brain isn’t able to find a link and isn’t able to draw a picture out of the received signals, the condition called motion sickness is experienced. For example, if a child is riding in a car and reading something at the same time, the eyes will see stationary book. But the skin receptors and the inner ears will sense the body moving in a forward direction. The eyes and the muscle receptors will send signals that the body is not moving. This confuses the brain and everything is jumbled up in the head. This makes the child dizzy, sick in the stomach and even tired. There is a possibility of the child throwing up, so it is recommended that the parents carry a sick bag each time they are travelling with kids. And if the child is feeling anxious or scared, the condition can deteriorate further. Although there are medicines available over the counter to deal with motion sickness, some measures should be taken to avoid medicine and also motion sickness. The child should always be made to sit facing in the forward direction. He/she should not face or sit backwards, nor should he be made to sit in a seat facing backwards. This helps the ears and the eyes to send similar kind of signal. It is good if the kid isn’t involved in some kind of activity like reading, playing video games or something which is stationary. He/she must be asked to look outside, especially at things which are located at a distance. The same applies when travelling in an airplane. When travelling in a boat, the child can go to the upper deck and look at the horizon. Basically, the child must be made to concentrate at things which are located at a distance and are in motion. When looking at something stationary, the eyes get confused and send wrong signals. It also helps to sit in a place which is moving the least. Usually, it is the center point of the body, so the more close the child sits to the center, the better. Like when in an airplane, it is good to sit in seats in the middle aisle and not in those which are located near the wings. If the child is sitting in the center of the boat, instead of the front or the side, the lesser seasick the child will feel. In spite of all these measures if the child is still feeling sick a doctor should be consulted. The doctor checks the inner ears for any defect. He will also check other body parts which are responsible for sensing motion. Apart from medicine, pressure bracelets are also available at the local pharmacy. And along with carrying a sick bag or any other plastic bag, the car can be pulled over and the child should be walked out a bit to feel better. - More from the American Academy of Pediatrics
Documentary: Senior Year The annual two day National College Entrance Examination (高考) is the ultimate competitive exam for nearly all high school graduates in China. This exam is almost always required for college admission. In 2007, more than 9.5 million Chinese students took this exam. According to Xinhua: The exam is regarded as one of the most important events for the participants, and could change their lives in a fiercely competitive society. The examination will last for two days for students in 26 provincial areas, and three or four days in Shanghai, Shandong, Guangdong, Hainan and Jiangsu. The Ministry of Education said earlier that a record 10.1 million people had applied to take the exam, and 5.67 million would be able to enter college. It is not only a fight for the candidates, but also an impact on their families and the whole society. The following film was made by independent documentary filmmaker Zhou Hao (周浩), and focuses on the life of students in an ordinary high school in the last year before the national exam, in a small county in Fujian Province. This film won the best documentary award at The 30th Hong Kong International Film Festival in 2006. Study Hard! Move Ahead! Be Patriotic! These slogans are drilled into the minds of Chinese boarding school students as they prepare for their college entrance exams. Since most of these teens come from impoverished rural areas, their tuition is paid for by the blood, sweat and tears of their peasant parents, most of whom never made it past junior high, so the pressure to succeed is stifling. To keep up their marks the students must study from dawn until dusk, waking up before the sun to memorize everything from math formulas to propagandist passages. Their desks are piled high with books from every subject and teachers roam between rows to keep these exhausted and diligent kids on task. We glimpse this hectic world through the eyes of a select group of senior students who try to assert their personalities and live out a few teenaged whims like shopping and dating in a strictly controlled environment that doesn’t bolster personal space and freedom. As the battle for success rages on, this intense film provides a harrowing portrait of the new direction of Chinese education, one that aims to mass produce focused, result-oriented over-achievers.
Search America's historic newspaper pages from 1836-1922 or use the U.S. Newspaper Directory to find information about American newspapers published between 1690-present. Chronicling America is sponsored jointly by the National Endowment for the Humanities and the Library of Congress. external link Learn more Image provided by: University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Library, Urbana, IL Newspaper Page Text tends to be deaf and dumb. Thus the kidnapers are fooled into letting him overhear their choicest' trade secrets and he soon has the abducted child out of their grasp. The play is a good evening's enter tainment because the authors have never let it growserious, even in its most melodramatic moments. When Barney has, finally won the $10,000 reward, his boss inquires, "What will be the first thing youv do, with all that money?" "Count it," answers the. wise Bar ney. - ' , These belong to tne cabbage family of vegetables and may be used any way prefers cabbage cooked. Pick off all yellow or wilted leaves. Put the little heads in cold salt water for half an hour befeore cooking. Drain. Put into small pan and cover with boiling water. Add one even tea spoon of salt and one-fourth teaspoon of soda for each box of sprouts. lieave kettle uncovered, boil briskly until tender. Drain off all water, ar range in dish. Dot with butter and minced parsley. Add one-half cup of hot vinegar into which has been dis solved one teaspoon of sugar. Serve Brussels sprouts, cooked and al lowed to become ice cold, may be used for salad, allowing three or four of the little heads for each portion and one hard-boiled egg, cold and sliced. Arrange on salad plate and serve with French dressing. Do not mince the cooked sprouts. Their shape makes the salad at tractive. o o You have met him: The 12-a-week young man who wants the girls to understand that he is a gay dog and a prize worth taking some awful risks It sends a shiver through mother every time father rends a frayed col lar and throws it away. That is be cause collars are two for a quarter. A bride generally buys her hus band's shirt the first time. -After she sees the expression on his face she would never buy him another, no, not even it he begged her on his bended' The first five years after they are married, a young couple spend every cent buying the things that every body neglected to give them as wed It is always the man "with an in come of $100 a mihute who advises everybody to save their pennies. , If a woman can sniff at the hum bug in an average magazine for wo men, she is safe to- handle the pay en velope, too.. ; This is the canvasser's best beti "The woman across the street bought" Rear Admiral Howard, commander of the Pacific coast fleet which may', blockade the whole western coast of Ten U. S. battleships for every Mex customs house ought to make old Huerta dp some strong thinking. - ,.- '.ma-xi aaJjaulat 'tetefafegiaacjyii,
Search America's historic newspaper pages from 1836-1922 or use the U.S. Newspaper Directory to find information about American newspapers published between 1690-present. Chronicling America is sponsored jointly by the National Endowment for the Humanities and the Library of Congress. external link Learn more Image provided by: University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Library, Urbana, IL Newspaper Page Text Doardlng ships found their machinery had been disabled. JOHN BULL MAY BULL SOME WHEAT OUT OF ARGENTINE Buenos Aires, April 6. England has put powerful pressure on Argen tine to force raising of wheat em bargo. It was learned on unimpeachable authority today that British govern ment has threatened an embargo on coal as reprisal a'gainst grain ban an nounced by Argentina. Greatest alarm was manifest among Argentina officials today. They were hurriedly making another inventory of republic's food supplies. It was known, however, that without British coal all railroads, all" ship ping and all industries in nation wduld be paralyzed. Argentina could only survive with grea test privation. Situation so far has been conceal ed from Argentina public, officials not desiring to reveal government JESS MAY FIGHT THE KAISER 10 ROUNDS ENLIST? NO! "When Jess Willard's press agent choses'to put over a publicity yarn the U. S. war dep't should not take him seriously. A few days ago Wil lard busted into print by announcing his willingness to "do or die for his country." He would lead a regiment, Yesterday the war dep't instructed Capt. Kenney, in' charge of army re cruiting here, to offer Jess a place in the recruiting service at $144.46 a month. Capt. Kenney looked for Jess. Couldn't find him. Note Jess gets $1,000 a week from a circus. St. Paul. Fire "destroyed 3-story plant of Paris Ladies' Hat Mfg. Co. Springfield, III. Private bank bill will be reported out by senate com mittee .next w.eek. As it stands it provides that Chicago banks must have $100,000 minimum capital after 1919, $200,000 after 1924. Fight ex pected. Asbury Park, N. J. Fire starting in natatorium burned nearly three blocks in center of town. Loss BLAST AT HALSTED AND LAKE INVESTIGATED BY HOYNE An effort to lay the blame for the West Side gas explosion where it be longs was started by State's Att'y "We are trying to find out who is responsible," declared the state's attorney late last night. "There is no doubt that the explosion was caused by a broken gas pipe, but whose fault this was we have not de terminedi" Henry Goldstein of Elgin, a plumb er at 810 Lake St., went into the basement of he restaurant -a few minutes before the explosion came when his companions smelled gas and asked him to investigate. "I'went downstairs with an elec tric flashlight and found that the service pipe was split. But the gas was so thick I could hardly stand it. So I left the basement and phoned the gas company to send out an in spector. Then the blast came and that's the last thing I remember until I found myself in bed." The list of dead was set down of ficially as follows: William Auer, 2820 S". Union av. May San Fillipo, 19, 816 Austin av. Alex Chibukos, owner of the res taurant Casimer Broesonski, 1452 Cleaver Earl Gordon, 609 Randolph st. The list of injured was placed at about 60, with several near death. Wm. M. Harrison wants divorce from Edith. Charges indelity. Virginia Rogers wants divorce from Henry. Non-support charged,
Rotherhithe Hippodrome Theatre 34-36 Lower Road, No one has favorited this theater yet Located in the southeast London innercity district of Rotherhithe, on the corner of Lower Road and Culling Road, near the junction with Jamaica Road at the northen end of Southwark Park. The Terris Thatre was opened as a playhouse on 16th October 1899 with a production of the drama "The White Heather" which had played at the Theatre Royal Drury Lane. It was named after actor William Terris, who was murdered outside the stage door of the Adelphi Theatre on the Strand in 1897. William Terris had proposed plans for the theatre prior to his death. The Tessis Theatre was designed by noted theatre architect W.G.R. Sprague, and was built for the same operators as the Coronet Theatre, Notting Hill (today operating as the Coronet Cinema), the Brixton Theatre (destroyed by bombs during World War II) and the New Camden Theatre (later the Camden Palace and today a nightclub named Koko). The Terris Theatre had seating for 754 in the orchestra stalls, 349 in the circle, 648 in the gallery and eight boxes which seated 60. There were standing spaces for 276. The stage was 70 feet wide and 32 feet deep, and there were nine dressing rooms. It operated as a drama theatre until 2nd December 1907, when it was last operated by Walter & Frederick Neville. It was taken over by Walter Gibbons and Charles Gulliver and went over to variety theatre use re-opening as the Rotherhithe Hippodrome of Varieties from 1908. Projection facilities were installed to allow films as part of the variety programme. In October 1930, it was taken over by Associated British Cinemas(ABC) and went over to full time cinema use, with variety turns on the stage. It was closed in April 1931 for redecoration and re-opened on 11th June 1931. ABC leased it out to Regent Theatres (who were a subsidary company of ABC) from May 1933 until 1935, when it went back to the management of ABC. The Rotherhithe Hippodrome Theatre was taken over by an independent operator from 31st August 1941, and reverted back to variety theatre use from 20th September 1943. It was destroyed by German bombs at the end of 1943. The exterior walls were all that remained, and the building was deemed beyond repair. The ruined building stood empty and unused for 12 years and was demolished in June & July 1955. Just login to your account and subscribe to this theater
Monday Mail - April 19, 2010 April 19, 2010 After a strong re-connecting week, we are back this week to recommit to rigor and stamina in our quest for knowledge. We are building on and developing further our 21st century skills. You will note that your child will be online quite a bit more frequently over the next couple of months. Please do not despair. Here is what we are working on: Blog: We are posting our poetry here. As we prepare for next week’s Poetry Café, we are sharing our wonderful works of art with the world. NVS: This is our virtual classroom. We are posting much of our reader’s workshop work here on discussion board forums. These posts are quite remarkable. (Ask your child to give you a tour of this online learning forum.) NVSF: The science fair is still posted. Judges will be browsing and evaluating our wikis and blogs very soon. We have much to be proud of with our science projects. Country Culture Study Wiki: We have just started working on our own wiki. Each child has his/her own page dedicated to the country of his/her choice. We will be researching about our country’s culture and recording/posting all of our information on this wiki. It promises to be a showcase of knowledge, hard work and technological skills. (All of this work is available to you to browse at your leisure.) Exciting things are happening in 5D. I am very proud of our children and am very excited to see the results of all of their hard work. It is almost difficult to keep ahead of them. They are an energetic and lively bunch! A couple of upcoming scheduling notes… MAP testing begins for us on Wednesday April 21st. Poetry Café forms are due on Thursday April 22nd. Fun Run is on Sunday April 25th. Progress Reports in Monday April 26th. Poetry Café is Thursday April 29th. Early Release is on Friday April 30th for Parent/Teacher conferences. (This has been moved from Tuesday to Friday.) Ms. Amy Branch About the Blogger Ever since I was a child, I wanted to travel the world and to make a difference in other people's lives. I truly didn't believe I would become a teacher though; however, I am so glad that I am 5D's teacher! I am originally from Washington state but have enjoyed living in both West Africa and Lebanon. I am very blessed to have lived such an incredible life thus far. Latest 10 Comments
Phase II Study of V-BEAM Conditioning Regimen Prior to Second Autologous Stem Cell Transplantation BEAM regimen (BCNU, etoposide, cytarabine, and melphalan) is the most commonly used conditioning regimen for relapsed/refractory lymphoma patients needing autologous stem cell transplantation. Since these components are all effective in myeloma and bortezomib has shown promising results in the transplant setting, here the investigators propose a phase II study to investigate the combination of bortezomib and BEAM as a new conditioning regimen for patients who relapse or progress after the first autologous transplantation and for whom a second autologous transplant is considered. Procedure: Stem cell infusion \|Study Design:\|\|Endpoint Classification: Safety/Efficacy Study Intervention Model: Single Group Assignment Masking: Open Label Primary Purpose: Treatment \|Official Title:\|\|A Phase II Study of V-BEAM (Bortezomib, Carmustine, Etoposide, Cytarabine, and Melphalan) as Conditioning Regimen Prior to Second Autologous Stem Cell Transplantation for Multiple Myeloma\| - Complete response rate (complete response + stringent complete response) at Day +100 as defined by the International Myeloma Working Group (IMWG) criteria [ Time Frame: Day +100 ] [ Designated as safety issue: No ] - Progression-free survival (PFS) [ Time Frame: 3 months following Day +100 visit ] [ Designated as safety issue: No ]Every 3 months - Overall response rate (ORR) [ Time Frame: 3 months following Day +100 visit ] [ Designated as safety issue: No ]ORR includes Minimal Response (MR) + Partial Response (PR) + Very Good Partial Response (VGPR) + Near Complete Response (nCR) + Stringent Complete Response (sCR) + Complete Response (CR) - Percentage of patients achieving at least very good partial response rate (VGPR+nCR+sCR+CR) [ Time Frame: Day +100 ] [ Designated as safety issue: No ] - Toxicity of V-BEAM [ Time Frame: 30 days after end of treatment / Day +100 ] [ Designated as safety issue: Yes ]Patients are evaluated from first receiving study treatment until a 30-day follow-up after the conclusion of treatment for adverse events not resulting in death. Adverse events resulting in death will be evaluated through Day +100. - Time to neutrophil engraftment after V-BEAM. [ Time Frame: Day +100 ] [ Designated as safety issue: Yes ]Time to neutrophil engraftment is defined as duration between Day 0 to the first day of ANC > 0.5x109/L post transplant when it is sustained for more than three consecutive days. - Overall survival (OS) [ Time Frame: 3 months following Day +100 visit ] [ Designated as safety issue: No ] - Treatment related mortality (TRM) of V-BEAM [ Time Frame: Day +100 ] [ Designated as safety issue: Yes ] - Time to platelet engraftment after V-BEAM. [ Time Frame: Day +100 ] [ Designated as safety issue: Yes ]Time to platelet engraftment is defined as the duration between Day 0 to the first day of platelet count sustained at > 20x109/L without transfusion. The median time to neutrophil and platelet engraftment will be reported. \|Study Start Date:\|\|September 2012\| \|Study Completion Date:\|\|December 2013\| \|Primary Completion Date:\|\|August 2013 (Final data collection date for primary outcome measure)\| Experimental: V-BEAM + Stem Cell Infusion Bortezomib IV or SC (1.3mg/m2) on Days -6, -3, +1 and +4 Carmustine IV (300mg/m2) on Day -7 Etoposide IV twice daily (100 mg/m2) on Days -6, -5, -4, and -3 Cytarabine IV twice daily (100 mg/m2) on Days -6, -5, -4, and -3 Melphalan IV (140 mg/m2) on Day-2 Stem cell infusion on Day 0 Other Name: VelcadeDrug: Carmustine Other Name: BCNU, BiCNU®Drug: Etoposide Other Name: Vepesid, VP-16Drug: Cytarabine Other Name: Ara-C, Cytosar-U, 1-β-Arabinofuranosylcytosine, Arabinosylcytosine, Cytosine arabinosideDrug: Melphalan Other Name: Alkeran®, L-PAMProcedure: Stem cell infusion Please refer to this study by its ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT01653418 \|United States, Missouri\| \|Washington University School of Medicine\| \|St. Louis, Missouri, United States, 63122\| \|Principal Investigator:\|\|Ravi Vij, M.D.\|\|Washington University School of Medicine\|
David Frum detects a hint of contrition from the movers-and-shakers at Davos. About time too: “What all the wise men promised has not happened, and what all the damned fools said would happen has come to pass.” So snarked Queen Victoria’s first prime minister, Lord Melbourne. He might have been talking about the euro. Or the securitization of the U.S. mortgage market. Or the British government’s attempt to restore prosperity through budget austerity. Or. Or. Or. Over the past decade and a half, we’ve seen one horrendous economic decision after another made, not by voters in democracies, but by people who owed their power to their claims of superior knowledge. Together, they have plunged us into a decade and a half of disasters, culminating in a global financial crisis triggered by new credit instruments that were advertised as ending financial crises once and for all. Yet by and large, these leaders have escaped public accountability or even criticism over the past six years of global crisis. The people who designed the euro continue to run the European Central Bank. The people who wrecked the American banking system walked away with multimillion-dollar severance packages. We all know that life’s not fair. But this unfair? So it’s welcome news that the Davos attenders are suddenly feeling “vulnerable.” They ought to.
Here’s an article, from the St. John’s Law School website, on the inaugural session of the Joint Colloquium in Law and Religion, which the Center hosted with Villanova Law School this semester. The Joint Colloquium, which featured leading law and religion scholars, used innovative “virtual classroom” technology to allow students and faculty at both schools to participate simultaneously through a synchronous video link. From the article: Michael Walzer (Institute for Advanced Studies) discussed the ethics of war in classical and contemporary Jewish law. Legal historian Sarah Barringer Gordon (University of Pennsylvania) explained how the availability of the corporate form empowered African-American congregations in the early national period. Kristine Kalanges (Notre Dame University School of Law) explored the relationship between Islamic law and contemporary ideas about constitutionalism and human rights. Kent Greenawalt (Columbia Law School) and Donald L. Drakeman (Cambridge University) both presented papers on Originalism. Greenawalt argued that factors other than the original understanding inevitably will and should play an important role in constitutional interpretation. Drakeman offered a methodological middle ground, one that takes account of both original intent and original meaning. Steven D. Smith (University of San Diego School of Law) critiqued the standard account of American religious freedom, and asked whether religious freedom in America today is suffering a decline. The virtual classroom enriched the discussions by allowing for a fruitful exchange between participants at the two host schools. After the speakers presented their papers, students had the opportunity to ask questions and present their own insights and opinions on the issues. This was our first experience with virtual classroom technology, and it was highly successful. You can read more about the joint colloquium, and view a photo gallery, here. Thanks to everyone who made it possible, and see you next time!
U.S. News Rankings \|Ranking score and category\| University of Arizona is a public institution that was founded in 1885. It has a total undergraduate enrollment of 31,565, its setting is urban, and the campus size is 391 acres. It utilizes a semester-based academic calendar. University of Arizona's ranking in the 2014 edition of Best Colleges is National Universities, 119. Its in-state tuition and fees are $10,391 (2013-14); out-of-state tuition and fees are $27,073 (2013-14). As one of the largest public institutions in its state, the University of Arizona in Tuscon offers a wide range of activities and academic opportunities to its students. Student athletic supporters form the ZonaZoo, the student section that supports the Arizona Wildcats sports teams, which compete in the NCAA Division I Pac-12 Conference. For athletes who don’t compete on the school's teams, there are three levels of intramural sports: the Desert league, which emphasizes fun; the Sunset league, geared to moderate athletes; and the Cactus league, meant for very skilled and competitive athletes. For other ways to get involved, University of Arizona students can check out more than 30 fraternities and sororities, among many other student organizations. Freshmen are not required to live on campus, though first-year students make up about 80 percent of the on-campus residential population. Each year, the university community gathers for events like the Spring Fling, billed as the largest student-run carnival in the country, and Homecoming. As a research institution, the University of Arizona also offers a variety of opportunities for both undergraduate and graduate students to get involved in research projects. The university has a wide range of graduate student programs, including the Eller College of Management, the James E. Rogers College of Law and a College of Medicine. Notable alumni of the University of Arizona include reality television star Kourtney Kardashian and journalist Geraldo Rivera. \|School mission and unique qualities (as provided by the school):\| Located in the heart of Tucson, the University of Arizona is one of the top-ranked research universities in the nation. Surrounded by mountains and the high Sonoran desert, the campus boasts a distinctive southwestern look and enjoys more than 300 days of sunshine each year. Approximately 40,000 students are enrolled at the University of Arizona, coming from all 50 states and more than 100 countries. The UA offers more than 100 academic and professional degree tracks, taught by some of the nation's preeminent scholars, and a vibrant campus atmosphere at a cost well below most other colleges and universities in the United States. \|School type\|\|public, coed college\| When applying to University of Arizona, it's important to note the application deadline is May 1. Scores for either the ACT or SAT test are due May 1. The application fee at University of Arizona is $50. It is selective, with an acceptance rate of 76.9 percent. For more information about the tests, essays, interviews, and admissions process, visit the Applying to College knowledge center. \|Fall 2012 acceptance rate\|\|76.9%\| \|Application deadline\|\|May 1\| \|SAT/ACT scores must be received by\|\|May 1\| The student-faculty ratio at University of Arizona is 22:1, and the school has 36.5 percent of its classes with fewer than 20 students. The most popular majors at University of Arizona include: Business, Management, Marketing, and Related Support Services; Social Sciences; Biological and Biomedical Sciences; Psychology; and Health Professions and Related Programs. The average freshman retention rate, an indicator of student satisfaction, is 78 percent. \|4-year graduation rate\|\|35%\| \|Five most popular majors for 2012 graduates\| University of Arizona has a total undergraduate enrollment of 31,565, with a gender distribution of 47.7 percent male students and 52.3 percent female students. At this school, 21 percent of the students live in college-owned, -operated, or -affiliated housing and 79 percent of students live off campus. University of Arizona is part of the NCAA I athletic conference. \|Student gender distribution\| \|Undergraduate men who are members of a fraternity\|\|N/A\| \|Undergraduate women who are members of a sorority\|\|N/A\| \|Collegiate athletic association\|\|NCAA I\| Campus Info & Services University of Arizona offers a number of student services including nonremedial tutoring, women's center, placement service, health service, and health insurance. University of Arizona also offers campus safety and security services like 24-hour foot and vehicle patrols, late night transport/escort service, 24-hour emergency telephones, lighted pathways/sidewalks, and controlled dormitory access (key, security card, etc). Alcohol is permitted for students of legal age at University of Arizona. \|Students who have cars on campus\|\|N/A\| \|Health insurance offered\|\|Yes\| Paying for School At University of Arizona, 51.4 percent of full-time undergraduates receive some kind of need-based financial aid and the average need-based scholarship or grant award is $10,784. Paying for college doesn't have to be difficult or devastating. Go to the Paying for College knowledge center to get advice on raising cash and reducing costs. \|In-state tuition and fees\|\|$10,391 (2013-14)\| \|Out-of-state tuition and fees\|\|$27,073 (2013-14)\| \|Room and board\|\|$9,714 (2013-14)\| \|Financial aid statistics\| * Overview details based on 2012 data
May – July 2014 Tuscany, home to world-class Chiantis, breads and prized olive oils, is also the home of many Italian specialties. Learn to prepare a menu of Crostini al Pomodoro, Eggplant Frittata, Pasta Fagioli, Tuscan Seafood Stew and Stuffed Chicken Breasts with Mushroom Sauce. This intensive hands-on seminar on bread introduces the student to the basics of artisan bread baking. Learn to bake basic white bread, multi-grain boules, braided loaves, and a variety of French loaves such as batards, baguettes, ficelles and boules. Knife Skills is one of our most popular classes and is recommended for anyone who is serious about improving their cooking skills. Learn about the selection, care and proper use of cutlery. Cutlery will be provided by CMC. This is a hands-on class with an emphasis on developing basic knife skills while learning classical vegetable cuts. Spend a warm summer evening traveling the Mediterranean learning to prepare a variety of grilled ethnic specialties from Greece, Turkey, Morocco, Italy and Spain. Tucked away on the southern tip of Italy, Sicily is ubiquitous to the Mediterranean diet. Learn to prepare a number of Sicilian favorites such as Bruschetta Caponata, Grilled Fresh Fish with Roasted Tomato Sauce, Chicken Marsala and the famous dessert Cannoli with Sweetened Ricotta. Fresh fish and shellfish are perfect summer grill items. Learn to select the proper items for grilling while we prepare items such as Grilled Scallops with Orange Chili Vinaigrette, Cedar Planked Salmon with Mango Pineapple Salsa and Grilled Halibut with Soy Ginger Wasabi Glaze. Join us on a trip down the Mekong River and South China Sea as we tour Southeast Asia. Learn to prepare Vietnamese Spring Rolls with Hoisin Peanut Dipping Sauce, Indonesian Beef Satay, Malaysian Curry Lamb and Spicy Chicken with Basil. Travel the regions of the Thailand countryside as you learn to prepare authentic homestyle dishes such as Fresh Spring Rolls with Sweet/Spicy Lime Fish Dipping Sauce, Panaeng Beef Curry, Hot and Sour Prawn Soup, Green Curry Chicken and more. Many Asian countries use the grill as an important tool for cooking. In this class you will learn many international recipes and techniques from Thailand, Vietnam, Cambodia, Sri Lanka and India. A sequel to our Artisan Bread class, we venture into Italy to explore some classic Italian style breads. Learn the importance of a Biga in preparing Ciabatta, Rustic Whole Wheat Olive and Rosemary bread, Grissini and a Rustic Italian Boule.
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Risk analysis based tools offer project managers pre-emptive insights into managing risk in projects where such control is paramount. Such tools are available to managers of geo-disperse teams whom manage complex projects in such industries as oil and gas, offshore, construction, energy and more. Risk management specialists are said to be proficient in mitigating risk based on a series of predefined protocols. Such protocols as HAZOP exist where specific definitions exist related to hazardous project parameters. Traditionally these were used in chemical engineering, but more recently the definition or use has spread to other industries. Managing risk can be managed using software tools, some of which are more focused on such matters. Not every software tool out there is capable of managing such complex projects. Often these tools will require onsite training but other times not so, if at least the project manager has some technical knowledge. Critical path analysis may form some parts of project management, and indeed so where multiple simultaneous projects or tasks are running in sync. Recent innovation in online software tools now make managing more complex risk based projects possible such tools are offered from WebActionHero. WebActionHero offers an action management reporting tool, whereby team members and those responsible for project delivery can ensure that risk is reduced or eliminated. Various dashboards offer a view of tasks that require immediate attention. For example a rusty valve that needs replacing on a propane tank, a loose railing etc. these tasks can be assigned to single people or numerous stakeholders involved. Of course managing risk through software is not as straight forward as simply creating projects, but having the right tools will enable effective oversight and ensure less risk. The more complex and more people involved makes using software based tools more intelligent as far as business decisions go.
Register now for free, or sign in with any of these services: Want to set your local edition? Select an edition for more focused local news coverage when you visit NOLA.com. Don't worry. You can change this setting at any time to another local edition. I'd be interested in knowing which of the posters here have children actually affected by the decisions the school board makes. Not that all of the conflicting opinions and ideology aren't fascinating-- free speech is one of the things that makes America great-- but just out of curiosity, it would be interesting to know if there is a difference of opinion between those who have children in the public school system and those who do not when it comes to the changes this new board had proposed/made. "Meza said another 1,000 central office employees received notice that their job descriptions are changing." How does changing 1000 employees' job descriptions save money? Unless he means they are consolidating positions and giving those employees more work while firing others who used to do that work. If so, he should have just said it like that, because announcing that 1000 of these employees are only receiving notice of new job descriptions does not seem as if it will put money in the school system's bank account. Does that mean they get their jobs back? What about the teachers who were kep instead but had less tenure? Do they now lose their jobs? It's difficult to fix this kind of a clusterf*ck. The new school board is apparently not too much swifter than the old one. Some bells can't be unrung. Children do what they are taught, so let's not blame the girl for doing what her parents have obviously taught her is admirable. School attendance is important, but so is a child's comfort and health. A good mother would keep her child home from school when the child is sick if at all possible, so the child can rest, and the other students, teachers, and staff have less of a chance of catching the illness. The problem that needs to be solved is for people of any race to stop committing crimes. The racial disparity point is sort of irrelevant. If you take everything said in this article for true, the conclusion is that white people are getting away with crime. No one is saying that black people are getting arrested for crimes they didn't commit, but that white people are not being held responsible for the crimes they are committing. The fix is to figure out how to end the criminal activity, whether the culprit is black or white or green. The majority of people arrested for more minor crimes are drug addicts. They steal small amounts to get a quick fix, break into cars or houses for cash to buy drugs--which makes the crime go from a more minor, maybe even misdemeanor theft, to a felony burglary, making the possible maximum sentence go from 6 months for a $200 theft from a Wal Mart to a 12 year sentence for stealing $20 from a car ashtray. On the other hand, a person who gets convicted 4 separate times of stealing more than $500 of money or merchandise will get a mandatory minimum of 20 to life as a habitual offender. A person convicted of indecent behavior with a juvenile can get a max of up to 7 years (no minimum sentence) unless the victim is under 13 and then it's a mandatory 2 to 25 years. I don't know about you, but I would rather a 4 time thief than a 1 time child molester in my neighborhood any day of the week. Louisiana has the highest incarceration rate per capita in the country, but we also have the parish with the most crime per capita. Something tells me incarceration is not working and maybe we need to figure out better sentencing schemes or a way to stop crime at the root instead of throwing more and more minor criminals in jail for lengthy sentences. I don't have the answers, but the article seems to avoid the real question. I think it's going to be impossible for either side to get a fair jury. Most people have heard so much about this case that they have already picked a side, whether for the suspect or against him, even those who say they just want to know the truth, and it's going to take a hell of a lot of work by the prosecution and the defense to force people to admit their bias in voir dire and/or to change the minds of the people who end up on the jury who say they haven't picked a side, but likely have some preconceptions going into the trial. They're going to have to pick a jury from monks and Amish to find someone who hasn't heard too much about this case already that they haven't already made up their minds. It's really nice that a whizzing match between the Republicans and the Democrats might ultimately result in the increase of interest for student loan payments. While the parties whip them out and try to decide whose is bigger, I'm going to be dodging the student loan people because I'm having trouble paying the $700 per month they want me to pay now with the lower interest, much less what my payment will increase to if they double my interest. I started out owing $45,000, which is now $65,000 because of interest. Why can't they all just get along? We need to create a new political party, one that actually has a whole brain. They will never require applicants to magnet schools to pay for taking the admissions test because the ACLU would jump and down in protest. The federal Dandridge order requires desegregation and the JPPSS to attempt to further integrate more minorities into predominantly white schools. If a fee were charged to test to qualify for admission into magnet schools, which have much lower African American enrollment rates that regular public schools, and much lower enrollment rates than other minorities, such as Asians and Indians, poor minorities would never be able to even test to get in. The cost of Pre-K does not cover the entire cost of the Pre-K student's education. Most schools still need additional funds to cover basic costs. Schools with lower income students receive federal Title 1 money. This is based upon the number of free or reduced lunch students who attend the school and can be in the high tens of thousands of dollars. Public schools with a substantial number of higher income students, which is the case for most of the magnet schools, do not receive Title 1 funds or not as much as most of the students do not qualify for free or reduced lunch. In those cases, the parents, in the form of PTA or PTO groups or school non-profits, find they must make up that difference if the schools are going to be academically competitive and provide what passes in Louisiana as a good education. There is obviously a lot more to complain about in the JPPSS than state money and free lunch. Next year the principals of JP public schools will control their own budgets and decide how all that money allocated to their school is spent. This will give greater leeway to principals in deciding what things are most necessary to fund. This will work great in the schools that have good, experienced, honest principals. Good luck to the school system for those schools that don't. Heads up for Muspench-- as much as I like following the back and forth and enjoy reading everyone's viewpoints, only pre-teen girl post smiley faces at the end of their sentences, and it's usually on tweets pertaining to Justin Bieber. It's difficult to take a statement seriously when it's followed by a colon and a parenthesis to let us know it was meant to be either wry or humorous. I realize posters sometimes have to appeal to the lowest common denominator on the Times Picayune boards, but most of us can probably figure out the tone of what you meant without a smiley to help us along. No offense, because it has nothing to do with the content of your posts per se, but give Mr. Smiley Face a break, please. It would really make your statements stronger in the long run. The very fact that we need police in schools in Jefferson Parish is disturbing. Whatever infraction a student is committing, parents need to step up and teach their children to follow the norms and rules of our society. There are many countries where children would love to get a free education instead of having to work to help support the family. It's a shame a great many of our youth, and some of their parents, don't realize how lucky they are to be receiving an education at all. Laws can be construed different ways, which is why cases punishable at death are left in the hands of the grand jury to determine if charges should be filed. A group of ordinary citizens from the general area get to decide whether the law supports charges or not. Different considerations go into their decision, probably including in this case what they would think should have happened if they had been the ones to shoot, afraid of an SUV exploding with thugs. Jarvis should talk to his legislator about revising the law if he thinks the law can be interpreted unfairly for those who get shot in self-defense. He should also be aware that the criminal laws in our state are poorly written because they are written by people who do not practice criminal law on either side and thus have no experience actually dealing with these laws. I'd comment but Heebe might get his linguist to hunt me down and put me on the front page of the paper and I can't let that happen until I lose a few pounds. Grand jury testimony, discussions, etc, are confidential. The reason behind this is so that grand jurors do not have to fear retaliation. New Orleans could have written the book on why that law exists. Medical records have their own rules. Just because they were presented to the grand jury doesn't mean they are themselves never to be released. There may be rules in place to prevent evidence presented at grand jury proceedings from being made public in certain cases, but ordinarily whether a record can be released is dependent upon the type of record and the law pertaining to that type of record. For example, a properly recorded title to a house can be submitted as evidence to the grand jury, but the document itself is still a public record. It wouldn't become something privileged or confidential just because it was presented to the grand jury. The laws of public records would still apply. So part of the solution by the state to improve public school education is to pay for public school students to attend other schools? Instead of improving the public schools they should attend? Here's a tip for the State- figure out why Louisiana is near the bottom of the U.S. education system, and FIX THE PROBLEM! The Chinese have an excellent education system. Figure out what they're doing (without spending millions of dollars to send some politico who barely graduated high school to China), and try to emulate it. Or choose a model from one of the many numerous other countries/states/cities/parishes that actually know how to achieve educational success and use it. The questions is if this school board that is more interested in making land deals for bigwigs (let's see if Haynes Academy gets sold to a land baron before this group's administration is up) can actually get this right. The comment that libraries are a waste was written either by an extremely uneducated person, or someone who doesn't realize that the "internet" doesn't give away or loan books. Even those with computers can't always afford to buy things like books, especially in a failing economy, and most books online are not FREE. This is particularly true of children's books, which tend to be overpriced to begin with. It's been a house of cards for a long time in Jefferson Parish. Now it's going to be a row of dominoes, as the indicted scramble to turn in the most people the quickest to get the least amount of time. Wonder who's going to get caught first--River Birch? Parish Council? Who are the feds really looking to get? It's like a soap opera, but with a bunch of ugly people. I never thought I'd see the day when I would say Licciardi might be a better choice than (insert name here.) But here we are. The new members have pretty much a monopoly on the board, so anyone but one of the new five would have been better. Although I'm not sure how Etta still qualifies for the Jefferson Parish board when her primary residence is across the lake, but hey, it beats having the five inexperienced folks from the private sector pushing the school system even further down the totem pole. At least she has experience in education. I can't believe this group is still saying they did not take an illegal e-mail vote when the city attorney among others has already said they have. To me, the issue is not the isolated magnet school issue. The issue is that this board doesn't know what it's doing any more than that last board did, and it got them voted out.
On the evening of July 12, Ireland's Enda Kenny, the Prime Minister or Taioseach, in the proper Gaelic was running late, delayed a few minutes by affairs of state. The 400-strong audience, squeezed onto rows of doll-size chairs in the Examination Hall of Trinity College, Dublin, waited placidly. What, after all, did a few minutes matter, when the scientific world had waited almost 70 years for an event of this magnitude? In 1943, the Austrian-born physicist Erwin Schrödinger delivered a lecture at Trinity applying the principles of his own field to the foreign territory of biology. His purpose was to tackle the biggest question of all: what is life? He told his audience of 400, among them the then-Taoiseach Eamon de Valera, that the filaments in cells called chromosomes must contain "some kind of code-script" determining "the entire pattern of the individual's future development." This hypothesis would inspire the scientists James D. Watson and Francis Crick to seek that code-script. A mere decade later, they published a revolutionary article describing the double helix structure of what we now familiarly call DNA, explaining how it stores hereditary information. Their discovery underpins all modern genetics. The idea of restaging Schrödinger's momentous lecture for a 21st century audience arose after Dublin won the right to host the 2012 Euroscience Open Forum, a privilege Ireland's Chief Scientific Advisor Prof. Patrick Cunningham compares to securing the Olympics for the Irish capital. TIME reported on the original lecture in its April 5, 1943 issue. "Only in the precarious peace of Eire could Europe today provide such a spectacle," our un-bylined reporter wrote. "At Dublin's Trinity College last month crowds were turned away from a jampacked scientific lecture. Cabinet ministers, diplomats, scholars and socialites loudly applauded a slight, Vienna-born professor of physics." The time and the place of Schrödinger's talk not to mention the international coverage it received is important to Dubliners even today. "One of the things that's quite remarkable for us," says Cunningham, "is that in middle of the war, on the fringes of Europe, a magazine operating in the U.S. thought that this was something of sufficient consequence to write about it." But how to find a modern scientist willing to tackle again a theme of such blinding magnitude? Who'd be prepared to endure comparison with the legendary Schrödinger and not worry about the hubris of doing so? Which egghead possessed the intellectual capacity to give such a lecture and the communication skills to make its content accessible to the public? Step up to the podium J. Craig Venter, the American geneticist who sparked the race to map the human genome and, despite a White House-brokered deal in 2000 to declare his small, private team and the government-funded Human Genome Project joint winners, is widely acknowledged to have edged out his competition. Ten years later, Venter announced an achievement that by his own estimation makes mapping the human genome "pale by comparison." He created synthetic life in a laboratory, by building the genome of a bacterium and inserting it into an existing host cell that had been stripped of its original DNA. He told this tale during his own What Is Life? lecture, recounting how he watermarked the genome in order to demonstrate that the colony of bright blue bacteria multiplying in Petri dishes was indeed following the genetic instructions Venter had written. It would be hard to argue otherwise given that each new cell carried identifying codes that included Venter's name and a series of three quotes one from Dublin's famous son, James Joyce: "To live, to err, to fall, to triumph, to recreate life out of life." The Joyce estate, learning of this unusual use of the author's work, protested that Venter had not asked permission. Venter has often elicited hostile responses, not least from within the scientific community. Watson, who shared the 1962 Nobel prize for his groundbreaking work on DNA, attacked Venter's first successes at using an automated process to sequence genomes quickly. The sequencing machines, he sniffed, "could be run by monkeys." The distinguished science journalist John Horgan, writing on Scientific American's Cross-check blog, described Venter as "the Lady Gaga of science. Like her, he is a drama queen, an over-the-top performance artist with a genius for self-promotion," and dismissed Venter's synthetic bacteria as "just another incremental step in the human manipulation of life." A profile in Forbes by Matthew Herper, dubbed Venter "the Bono of genetics," sniping that "he warps the reality field around genetic research through sheer force of ego and showmanship." And yet Venter endures. Say what you will about his synthetic bacterium, no one else has achieved such a feat. And he is pressing on with other projects, more recently engineering a type of algae that is yellow rather than dark green, enabling light to pass through it so it can grow in greater density providing what he hopes will be an ideal raw material for biofuel. A few hours before his lecture, the Bono of genetics sat down with TIME in Dublin's Clarence Hotel, which is co-owned by the Bono of U2. Stocky like the Irish musician and with a rock star's predilection for fast motors and private yachts, Venter in some respects lives up to his flamboyant reputation. But just as with the cell structures that are his obsession, the more closely you study him, the more evident his complexities become. A perennial outsider "a rebellious attitude has probably been the most beneficial, although painful at times, trait in my life," he confesses he never worked comfortably within the scientific establishment. That, however, can sometimes be a good thing. He came away from a stint at the U.S. National Institutes of Health with some hard insights into the failings of taxpayer-funded institutions and projects. "Given the science budget that exists, we should all be upset that far more hasn't been achieved," he remarks. He also takes a swipe at the U.S. education system, which he says focuses too heavily on good grades (he was a C-student) and so "weeds out a lot of the creativity in the human population." There are occasional swipes at his critics too. ("I'd rather continue what I'm doing and being able to do high-end science, than if I'd gotten a Nobel Prize 50 years ago and basically retired," he says, answering a question about whether he harbors ambitions to win the prize that has eluded him but was awarded to Watson precisely 50 years back.) Nonetheless, the quality that is most striking about Venter is his belief in the power of science to transform the world for the better, not least by solving the resource shortages that science, by allowing greater numbers of humans to live longer, helped to create in the first place. "Optimists are the ones that get things done," he says. "Because, in science, if you're not optimistic about the outcome then you'll never do the experiment. Pessimists talk themselves out of doing the experiment, and therefore don't make any progress." Progress is Venter's grail and he's impatient with the people and "prejudices" that slow progress, such as the once-widespread assumption that protein was what carried the code in genetic material. Venter himself is driven by another kind of code-script. Again like Bono, he's a latter-day missionary, with elements of self aggrandizement, yes, but also creative impulses and curiosity and even, say it softly, humanitarianism. He may enjoy his fame-cum-notoriety, but he also sees it as a way to get his message across. And he isn't interested in a closed conversation with other scientists. "The obligation to explain science to the public [is] an absolute, essential part of being a scientist," he says. And so Venter accepted the challenge to follow in Schrödinger's footsteps, knowing the lecture at Trinity would be live-streamed and blogged and reported more widely than any ordinary academic talk. He shared with this massively expanded audience his overview of the breakthroughs that, since Schrödinger bestrode the same podium, he believes to be transformational. There is the concept of "digitizing biology" for one, uploading the details of genetic codes and sending them via computers, making possible, for example, the rapid manufacture of vaccines at the point of outbreak of an epidemic. There is the effort to synthesize every part of a cell, something that Venter and multiple other scientists are exploring. Venter also ventured to give a scientific answer to the question posed by the title of the lecture: "All living cells that we know of on this planet are DNA software driven biological machines comprised of hundreds of thousands of protein robots, coded for by the DNA, that carry out precise functions." During the lecture, Venter's old adversary Watson, now 84 and in Dublin for the Euroscience Open Forum, sat in the audience, next to Taoiseach Kenny. After Venter concluded, Watson climbed slowly on to the stage, shook his hand and congratulated him on "a beautiful speech." Did he mean it? Did he not? Only he knows. Venter may be right that scientists will soon be able to create life, but we may be no closer to understanding it especially the human kind.
Less than a year later, that "precious opportunity" may be at risk, because whatever impetus the Fallon visit gave toward banishing "ignorance and suspicion" is plainly dissipating. Two months ago, China for the first time tested successfully an anti-satellite missile, but then was mum about it publicly for almost two weeks, despite being pressed for information by not only Washington but Moscow, Tokyo and several other foreign governments. The relatively long delay in any official comment from Beijing even fueled speculation as to whether China's civilian leadership was aware of the test before it happened. Then, yesterday in Beijing, China took the occasion of a visit from the U.S. State Department's new point man for Sino-U.S. relations just confirmed Deputy Secretary of State John Negroponte to reveal that its defense spending in the forthcoming year would rise by nearly 18%, to almost $45 billion, the biggest increase in five years, and a larger increase than U.S. defense officials had anticipated. The U.S. believes that a straightforward accounting of total military expenditures including new equipment purchases, which Beijing does not include in its report of annual defense spending would amount to $150 billion. The amount the U.S. spends on defense, of course, dwarfs that sum. The Pentagon will get a projected $620 billion in 2008. Even Japan spends considerably more than China. And most defense planners in the U.S. still believe the primary strategic objective for China's defense spending is to deter the U.S. from intervening in any crisis over Taiwan. But it's not really the numbers that matter here; it's the lack of information behind the numbers. Whether it was China's intention or not, Negroponte clearly felt sandbagged as he left Beijing. And, together with the anti-satellite missile, that makes it twice in three months that U.S. officials have felt that way. "It's important in our dialogue that we understand what China's plans and intentions are," Negroponte said at a Sunday press conference before heading home. It's true that the U.S. continues to participate in periodic, lower-level meetings between Pentagon and Defense Ministry officials (the so-called Defense Consultative talks). But while he was CINCPAC commander, Admiral Fallon took some heat from critics in the U.S. who feel he was way too solicitous of his counterparts in Beijing, who some defense analysts believe remain overtly hostile to the Pentagon and its huge presence in East Asia. Unfortunately for Beijing, its game of hide the bacon in the last three months gives those critics more ammunition than they had before.
Well, Earth Day is almost here and how am I going to celebrate our lovely planet? By shopping, of course. I kid. Sort of. Big Green Purse: Use Your Spending Power to Create a Cleaner, Greener World, the wonderful new book by environmentalist Diane MacEachern and author of the Big Green Purse website, has given me, along with all the other women in the world, a whole new way to approach green living. And, without a word of a lie, shopping is key. We women are the most powerful consumer force in the world. If you can believe it, we spend $.85 of every dollar in the marketplace. (Okay, you’re a fan of this site, so you probably do believe it.) What matters more, though, is where and how we spend each and every one of those pennies. And by following the strategies laid out in this book, we can make a huge difference. From the food we eat (MacEachern lists the best foods to buy organic and explains how to really read a label. Biodynamic? Sustainable? Fair Trade? She explains the lingo and helps us avoid being greenwashed) to the clothes we wear (buy organic, low-impact, or recycled materials) and everything in between (cleaning products, jewelry, gardening, kid gear, appliances, furniture – the list really goes on and on), this inspiring book has taught me that every choice I make matters. And that I do, indeed, have a choice. I love that MacEachern is not afraid to name names, like which brands to avoid, and gives addresses for major companies we may wish to urge to change to organic, fair trade practices. she even devotes specific “Thumbs Down” sections to companies doing less-than-perfect things. MacEachern’s real-world advice and money-saving information make the book invaluable. And the fact that everything is so easily referenced means I may never shop without Big Green Purse at my side again. Which means I might be a little tired from here on in. It’s a big book. And I’m going to be doing a lot of shopping. -Stephanie Green Purse: Use Your Spending Power to Create a Cleaner, Greener World by Diane MacEachern is available from our affiliate Amazon, or learn more on the Big Green Purse website and blog.
I just finished reading the T. Tartaron, D. Pullen, R. Dunn, L. Tzortsoulou-Gregory, A. Dill, and J. Boyce, “The Saronic Harbors Research Project (SHARP): Investigations at Mycenaean Kalamianos, 2007-2009,” Hesperia 80 (2011), 559-634. I rarely get excited about the Bronze Age, but it’s hard not to get excited about a major new site. Extending for over 7 ha and including over 50 buildings, the site of Kalamianos represented a major harbor on the Saronic coast. Constructed primarily of the grey Corinthian limestone, the outlines of the site remained visible on the surface allowing the SHARP team to outline the site and its buildings without excavating. Using the techniques of intensive pedestrian survey they produced a significant ceramic assemblage of material from the site which they feel grounds the site chronologically in the Late Bronze Age. A larger regional survey of the region north and west of the coastal village of Korphos has indicated that the area also had significant activity in the Early Bronze Age and rather little activity thereafter. Extensive survey of the hills and valleys surrounding Korphos has produced additional evidence for a vital Bronze Age landscape suggesting that the region was a particularly prosperous and well-developed corner of the busy Saronic world. On a personal level, the documentation of activities in this area is interesting because the site of Lakka Skoutara where David Pettegrew and I have worked for close to a decade is just a few kilometers (as the crow flies) from their study area. The publication of the ancient, medieval, and modern landscape of Kalamianos and surrounding regions will form a key anchor to our analysis of Lakka Skoutara. The most interesting thing to me is the methods used to document the site and the extraordinary transparency of the authors in describing their procedures. The integration of architectural, extensive, and intensive survey in a methodologically consistent treatment of a single area. The use of kite and balloon photography to assist in documenting the visible architecture produced some rather striking images that were effective in conveying both the methods and the character of the preserved architecture. Over the course of intensive survey, the SHARP collected ceramic material using the chronotype system from both specific rooms within clearly defined buildings and across survey style transects. Using a gridded system for the most part, their work follows a similar approach our large site in Cyprus, and this is unsurprising since both David Pettegrew and myself learned the craft of survey from Tom Tartaron, Daniel Pullen, and Tim Gregory over the course of the Eastern Korinthia Archaeological Survey. When the final results are published, the survey work at Korphos will represent another good example of the “4th Wave” intensive survey in Greece which tends to focus intensively on single sites or microregions of a few square kilometers rather than the large areas typical of “Third Wave” regional survey in Greece. Figure 40. Satellite image of the Korphos region with the locations of small elliptical stone enclosures indicated by open white ovals, and two larger Mycenaean enclosures indicated by filled ovals. I was gratified to see that their systematic extensive survey produced a preliminary map (above) of the strange round enclosures found on numerous height in the area. In his preliminary study of these enclosures, M. Dixon argued that they were Classical or Hellenistic in date and represented a series of ad hoc fortifications designed defend a vulnerable landscape from the historically documented threat of the Athenian fleet (in the Classical Age) and the more persistent threat of local raiding during the unstable Hellenistic centuries. The SHARP team found little to support a Classical or Hellenistic date for these enclosures and, noting the absence of any substantial quantity of ceramic material, preferred an Early Bronze Age date on the basis of a few sherds found wedged in the walls. I had the opportunity to look at some of these strange little “fortifications” first hand about a decade ago while documenting the site of Lakka Skoutara. The absence of ceramic material from these sites is, indeed, vexing. And a few Early Bronze Age sherds do little more, at present, than provide a terminus post quem for these rough enclosures. There were any number of interesting tidbits from their preliminary publication, but a few really stood out to me: First, I was pretty interested to see that they used the absence of later pottery collected by the survey to argue for the absence of later activity at the site. To my mind, this is an important step for the field of survey archaeology. We are often relatively confident in arguing from the presence of activity based on the presence of ceramics, but we rarely have taken the next step. The vagaries of site formation and the differential visibility of various periods in the surface record have usually led us to stop short of making arguments ex silentio. But, I suppose the extraordinary geomorphological stability of the landscape around Korphos provided them with the confidence to make this claim. Next, it is remarkable, however, that there is very little discussion of Byzantine material. The site of Stiri features a significant Middle Byzantine church dedicated to the Panayia. It was the katholikon of a monastery that may have been visited by Os. Loukas and is attested in census records as late as the 18th century. It probably functioned in some capacity into the 19th century. Remarkably, the area around the church which is strewn with important Early Bronze Age remains seems to have produced almost no Medieval pottery (according to their admittedly preliminary report). This may be the result of local geomorphological activity – the church site in a polje filled with sediment that may have covered the Byzantine surface – or perhaps a preference of non-cermaic material at the site during the Byzantine period (although this seems a bit unlikely). Finally, it is a bit troubling, however, to imagine a Byzantine church leaving almost no trace in the local ceramic assemblage and, then, using that same assemblage to date walls visible on the surface. I have no reason to doubt their confidence in assigning Late Bronze Age or Early Bronze Age dates to features in the landscape, but I anxiously await a more systematic treatment of their results to understand the complexities of site formation in this area. In my informal visits to the area over the years, I’ve seen significant evidence for Late Antique activity in the area including some Early Christian mullions at the church of Ay. Pantes in the village of Korphos itself. It was interesting to note that the SHARP team found a Late Roman kiln site amidst the ruins. Their suggestion that the center of habitation in the region moved to the location of Korphos town during antiquity seems plausible. One last thing: the color photographs and illustrations in the article are fantastic!
Cheaper seed and lucrative premiums are driving more crop producers to plant non-biotech soybeans this year. U.S. soybean production is 95% dominated by biotech Round Up Ready soybeans. However a small percentage of that crop – perhaps 5% – will be planted to non-biotech soybeans, and the trend toward the latter is expected to continue in the near future, says Jim Beuerlein, Ohio State University Extension agronomist. "Round Up Ready soybean seed is becoming expensive and there are a number of markets, both stateside and internationally, that want non-biotech varieties and they are willing to pay the premiums for it," Beuerlein says. "So with premiums more than $1/bu., that's $50 extra income/acre, and non-biotech seed has been historically cheaper than Round Up Ready seed to begin with. So we've got two things that are sparking grower interest: cheaper seed and the grain is worth more." Beuerlein anticipates Ohio growers to increase their non-GM soybean acreage by about 10%. But with 4.5 million acres of soybeans planted in Ohio each year, the increase is not earth shattering. The reason, says Beuerlein, is because there simply isn't enough seed to go around to meet demand. "There's a shortage of normal germplasm seed because we've been growing Round Up Ready varieties for so long and there wasn't a big demand for non-biotech seed," he says. "We have just not been developing those kinds of varieties so the seed and the varieties are somewhat limited at this time. "But seed companies that deal with non-biotech varieties are expected to increase their seed production 100%, perhaps 200%, this year, so there will be a lot more seed available next year." Additionally, growers may be able to keep the seed of some non-biotech soybean varieties that are not patented or if the seed laws allow that activity. "One acre of seed production will plant up to 30 acres of soybeans the following year," Beuerlein explains. As growers prepare for this planting season, careful management of the crop should be considered, he says. "All seed is becoming much more expensive as traits are added and varieties are improved, so that dictates that we manage our seed planting operations very carefully," Beuerlein says. "We know that fungicide seed treatments will often increase emergence 10, 12, 15% depending on the year. Treating the seed with fungicide may allow us to reduce seeding rates and come out dollars ahead." Beuerlein encourages growers to stick to the recommended seeding rates and not over-seed to help reduce seed costs. This may require more precise planting equipment. "Growers should consider getting away from seeders that are not very precise in terms of seeding rates, and use a mechanism that picks up and drops one seed in at a time," Beuerlein says. "That way you definitely know how much you are planting." Recommendations for ideal seeding rates are: if beans grow 40 in. or taller, plant 125,000 seeds/acre; for plants 30 in. tall, drop 175,000 seeds/acre; and for plants that are 20 in. tall, plant 225,000 seeds/acre. He also recommends that growers space out the seeds in the row as accurately as possible. Growers can calculate this if they know their seeding rate. For example, there are 6,272,640 sq. in./acre. Divide that number by, say, 200,000 seeds/acre, and you get 31.4 sq. in. of space/seed. Divide 31.4 by the row spacing, 7.5 in. for example, to get the distance between the seed in the row, or 4.2 in. Divide 12 in. by the 4.2 and you get the seed spacing in the row, which in this case is 2.86 seeds/foot of row. Other planting recommendations include: carefully handling the seed so as not to damage the growing point, located right under the seed coat; make good seed-to-soil contact; plant 1-1.5 in. deep; and finish planting by the third week of May. "Maximum yields generally occur when we get everything in the ground by the third week of May," Beuerlein says. Ohio growers can refer to the 2008 Ohio Soybean Performance Trials for non-biotech and Round Up Ready soybean varieties most suitable for their growing environment. The number of non-biotech varieties tested is expected to increase for the 2009 trials. View the full report. According to the USDA, Ohio soybean acreage is expected to increase approximately 100,000 acres for 2009. The soybean is Ohio's No. 2 field crop commodity, generating nearly $2 billion to the agricultural industry, according to the Ohio Department of Agriculture. Soybeans are grown in Ohio for a wide variety of uses – from grain to food to renewable energy production.
CPRR.org Header.lbi" --> POSTER: Great American Overland Route The importance of the Overland Route, of which the rails of the Central Pacific formed the western segment, was brought into sharp focus in this revision of the earlier travel poster. By this date, July 1872, the San Francisco ticket office had been moved from California Street to No. 2 Montgomery Street. As attractions for the traveler, scenic considerations competed with engineering features. At the top of this poster were two line drawings featuring the American River Canyon and the Palisades along Nevada's Humboldt River. The novel snow shed then called a "snow gallery" drew the attention of the observer. Rated as construction marvels of their day, snow galleries stretched along the rails for 40 miles. Rotary snow plows made possible a reduction in snow sheds to less than six miles. Not all railroad men were favorably impressed; one veteran described his run as "railroading in a barn." The Assistant Superintendent John Corning died a few years later, but a town in Northern California perpetuates his name. This is Number Seven of twelve Keepsakes issued during 1969 to its members by The Book Club of California in commemoration of the centennial of the transcontinental railroad. The series has been edited by David F. Myrick and designed and printed by Lawton and Alfred Kennedy. Courtesy The Book Club of California.
Roy Finestone Photograph Collection, 1969-1990 239 digital images A wave of experimentation in communal living crested in New England in the late 1960s and early 1970s, with dozens of communities spread across the landscape of western Massachusetts and Vermont. Nina Finestone joined the Johnson Pasture community in Guilford , Vermont, in 1969, however after the main house there went up in flames on April 16, 1970, killing four people, she joined a number of its residents who moved to the nearby Montague Farm in Montague, Massachusetts. Nina married a fellow Montague farmer, Daniel Keller, and the couple moved to Wendell in 1980. Providing exceptional visual documentation of life at Johnson Pasture, the Montague Farm, and Wendell Farm between 1969 and 1990, the Finestone collection is centered on the lives and family of Daniel and Nina Keller. All images were taken by Roy Finestone, Nina's father, with a medium format camera using color transparency film. Special Collections and University Archives, University of Massachusetts Amherst Libraries Information on Use - Restrictions on Access - The collection is open for research.
More evidence points to a fully-formed universe very soon after the beginning. Using the magnifying glass of a gravitational lens, astronomers at Johns Hopkins University have located “a galaxy dating back to a mere 500 million years after the big bang,” reported Science Magazine (Yudhijit Bhattacharjee, “Warped Light Reveals Infant Galaxy on the Brink of the ‘Cosmic Dawn’,” Science 21 September 2012: Vol. 337 no. 6101 p. 1442, DOI: 10.1126/science.337.6101.1442). The discovery was announced in the rival journal across the pond, Nature (Wei Zheng et al., “A magnified young galaxy from about 500 million years after the Big Bang,” Nature 489, 20 September 2012, pp. 406–408, doi:10.1038/nature11446). This is the latest of a trend to find mature structures closer and closer to the big bang – leaving cosmologists little time to go from random particles to “lumpy” structures like stars and galaxies (see links in commentary below). This galaxy’s redshift (z = 9.6) is a record, indicating it existed close to the beginning: “Light from the primordial galaxy traveled approximately 13.2 billion light-years before reaching NASA’s telescopes,” PhysOrg stated. “In other words, the starlight snagged by Spitzer and Hubble left the galaxy when the universe was just 3.6 percent of its present age.” Even so, the galaxy was estimated by the astronomers at 200 million years old. This implies its formation was even earlier. The original paper in Nature said, We estimate that it formed less than 200 million years after the Big Bang (at the 95 per cent confidence level), implying a formation redshift of ≲14. Given the small sky area that our observations cover, faint galaxies seem to be abundant at such a young cosmic age, suggesting that they may be the dominant source for the early re-ionization of the intergalactic medium. Modern cosmological theory places an “epoch of re-ionization” after the first generation of stars that ionized the interstellar medium. Something with enough energy broke up the hydrogen gas into protons and electrons. Nature’s paper was pretty straightforward, explaining how the discovery was made and the math used to determine its redshift, etc. But Science Magazine took the occasion to point out substantial gaps in current cosmological theory: In the timeline of cosmic evolution, the galaxy represents an era that is still filled with mystery. The universe was a soup of hot plasma for a few hundred thousand years after the big bang. Then the electrons and protons in the soup combined to form hydrogen. The first stars and galaxies are believed to have been born some 300 million years after the big bang. Over the next 700 million years or so, something re ionized the universe, breaking its hydrogen back into electrons and protons. Studies of the cosmic microwave background have broadly confirmed this timeline. But key early details are missing, including what led to the reionization. Many astrophysicists have suggested that ultra violet (UV) radiation from early galaxies may have played an important role. Nature probably did not have time to incorporate the latest findings from the South Pole Telescope, reported by PhysOrg. Astronomers now put the epoch of re-ionization earlier and shorter than previously thought – between 250 and 500 million years after the big bang, not 750 or more. Assuming stars were involved in the re-ionization, this implies “First Stars, Galaxies Formed More Rapidly Than Expected.” The article explained the implications: The epoch’s short duration indicates that reionization was more explosive than scientists had previously thought. It suggests that massive galaxies played a key role in reionization, because smaller galaxies would have formed much earlier. But if massive galaxies played a key role, it compresses the time available for the first stars to form, the first dwarf galaxies to form, and then the massive galaxies to form. The early birds must have been awesome. They had to be in order to have the energy required for the re-ionization epoch: “The first stars that formed were probably 30 to 300 times more massive than the sun and millions of times as bright, burning for only a few million years before exploding.” The trend over the last decade has been for observations to exacerbate the lumpiness problem in cosmology (the puzzle that a smooth beginning produced stars, galaxies, clusters, superclusters and other “lumpy” objects, separated by large voids of empty space). Follow the trend with these previous entries: 5/30/01: Cosmologists still lack many basic answers. How did galaxies form? “The details are devilishly difficult to understand.” 6/05/01: Quasar 800 million years after big bang. It’s going to turn a great number of astronomical theories on their head and confirm others.” 1/08/02: Universe began with fireworks grand finale. The idea that “the fireworks ran backwards… is not at all intuitively what one would have predicted.” 1/23/04: Should cosmologists get worried yet? “It’s not quite time for theorists to panic, but we’re getting there,” said astronomer Roberto Abraham of the University of Toronto, Canada, after announcing his group’s discovery of a startling number of mature galaxies in the young universe.” 10/14/05: Old man in the stellar maternity ward. “These chunky babies may be pointing to a cosmic crisis. They don’t seem to fit the leading theory of galaxy formation, which cosmologists have relied on for more than 2 decades.…” 8/18/06: Early spiral resembles Milky Way. It is also puzzling that the most massive galaxies were more abundant and were forming stars more rapidly at early epochs than expected from models.” 9/24/06: Mature galaxy 700 million years after big bang. “The simplest explanation is that the Universe is just too young to have built up many luminous galaxies at z approximately ~7–8 by the hierarchical merging of small galaxies.” 12/08/09: Hubble Ultra Deep Field. “600 million years after the Big Bang. No galaxies have been seen before at such early times.” 12/17/10: Whopping celestial baby boom revealed in early universe. “The new glimpse of such a productive early universe – seen as it looked 3 billion years after the Big Bang – may change the way scientists think about star formation.” 3/09/11: Young galaxy cluster already mature. “Surprise! Ancient Galaxy Cluster Still Looks Young.” 4/14/11: Mature galaxy with old stars 950 million years after big bang pushes star formation earlier, suggests “that the first galaxies have been around for a lot longer than previously thought.” 6/17/11: Clumpiness of distant universe surprises astronomers: twice the clumpiness per unit distance found than was predicted. 1/11/12: Cosmologists forced to “In the Beginning.” — “serious threats to our existing understanding of the cosmos.”Other examples Look through the Cosmology links for other examples. Upsets are common, confirmations of theory are not. Secular cosmologists did not expect to find early maturity, like old men in a maternity ward — but they did. Remember these stories when someone tries to pull a scientism bluff on you.
First, I’d like to say that there is no how-to guide or recipe for writing a brilliant post. That being said, I’d also like to point out the fact that some posts seem to perform better than others. Lists and guides usually receive more comments and likes than “normal” blogs. So this is not a how to guide. We’re just going to talk about the major components of a blog post. It’s very important to come up with a catchy title. This along with the first paragraph are the first to be noticed by readers. Also, the title shouldn’t be too long. The opening paragraph This paragraph determines whether or not a reader will read (or try to) your entire post. It should aptly describe what the post is about. If you can come up with a snappy sentence, than do it. The rest of the damn thing You should do well on your own here. In fact, there isn’t much I can help you with. Yeah, I could say a bunch of nonsense and act like I know it all, but I’m not going to. Because what worked for me might not work for you. Also, I’m not sure I know what I’m doing. I just write. As simple as that. I write what I want, when I want, how I want, and there’s nothing I can do about it. Maybe there’s a good advice here: don’t be afraid to take a stand. One of the most harmful things you can do in this life is to try to please everyone. You can’t. This is your virtual space, your online home. Try to tell people what you think, what’s your opinion about this or that, and I guarantee you, people will respond. My most popular posts are basically opinion pieces. The post that got Freshly Pressed, the ones that got hundreds of comments, all of them are about me taking a stand. A lot of people agree, a lot disagree. But they all know what I think about that certain topic. Blogs are for opinions. For everything else, we’ve got Mastercard and Wikipedia. Well, this is not entirely true, but you get the idea. In time you start to realize what people expect to read from you. You also start to understand what you’re really good at. Don’t be afraid to experiment. Write different types of posts, try out some weekly features. You never know. As you gain confidence, you’ll feel more comfortable about tackling more sensitive issues. The only way to grow as a writer is to write. A lot. Also, if you have the time, read other blogs. Popular blogs, not so popular blogs, everything actually. That way you’ll get a sense of what works and what doesn’t. You might even spot some of your own faults. Try to find your own voice. Don’t listen to people telling you how to write. They can’t write your posts for you. Links and tags Don’t forget to add these. Two, three links to relevant information, articles, or other blogs are very useful. For SEO and what not And your followers will thank you. Also, don’t forget to add tags. That’s how the Freshly Pressed editors find you. And readers can know what to expect from your post. Format the damn thing Layout is very important. What do you want your readers to focus on? Think very carefully. If you have a longer post add: Try to make the post look nice. Add pictures, sketches, whatever. There should be a balance… you know the eye grows tired when it sees a lot of words. Font size, colors, all that stuff. Like I said, there’s no secret formula to writing a great blog. All you can do is write. Indeed, it’s important to focus on content, but don’t forget that the visual layout of your posts is equally important. Now, I’d like to know what do you think. What do you think makes a blog great? Is it the content? Or the layout? Or a mixture of both? Tomorrow we’ll talk about one of the greatest blogging tools available for free: Zemanta
An effective replacement for methyl bromide, VAPORMATE® is an eco-friendly, safe, non-residual way to protect your post-harvest produce, packaged and stored foods and processing equipment. The active ingredient of VAPORMATE is ethyl formate – a naturally occurring substance with no known ozone depletion or global warming potential that is Generally Regarded as Safe (GRAS) by the US FDA. It simply degrades to metabolites that occur naturally in the environment. VAPORMATE was developed for a broad range of applications from post-harvest fumigation through modified atmosphere packaging to equipment deinfestation. It is suited to a wide variety of fruits, vegetables and grains and the list of regulatory approvals is expanding rapidly. You can rely on VAPORMATE for rapid results (1 to 24 hours) at all life stages of the pest – egg, larva and adult. Other highlights include faster logistics chains as VAPORMATE eliminates the need for long withholding periods, although aeration may be necessary in fumigation chambers until safe levels of carbon dioxide and ethyl formate are achieved. Benefits at a glance • Environmentally friendly, fast-acting alternative to methyl bromide • Naturally occurring active ingredient with no known global warming potential • Easy to dose and apply • Favourable toxicological profile • Effective against a wide range of insects • Approved for a broad – and growing – selection of fruit, vegetables and grains • Faster shipping – short withholding period • Efficiency gains thanks to dedicated, innovative dispensing solution • Backed by our extensive consulting, installation, safety training and support services. Ask the crop science team
CRUISING THE PAST: THE SS CANBERRA – THE LAST GASP OF THE BRITISH EMPIRE A great BBC youtube video of the SS CANBERRA returning from the Falklands. For 37 years the SS Canberra was a very familiar sight in Southampton’s Western Docks and in ports the world over, particularly Sydney which, it could be said, has been her second home. In April 1982 the unthinkable happened when Britain went to war in hopefully the last colonial campaign in her history and for the first time in 42 years a P&O liner was requisitioned for service as a troop transport. During the three months of the Falklands campaign she made headlines the world over, and she became a household name as she continued her peacetime role. However, her career had not always been so secure and for a few months in 1972 it seemed she was destined prematurely for the scrapyard. Had that come about she would probably be remembered today as P&O’s `great white elephant’, the liner which it had been thought would shape the future but, instead, had fallen victim to the age of the jet airliner and steeply rising oil prices. The P&O liner Canberra (in my opinion one of the most beautiful ships to come out of Harland & Wolff) when the ship was leaving Belfast for Southampton, to begin her maiden voyage. Arrival in Adelaide, Australia. THE SS CANBERRA AND THE FALKLANDS After the Argentine invasion of the Falkland Islands in 1982, which initiated the Falklands War, the Ministry of Defence requisitioned the “Canberra” as use as a troopship. Nicknamed the “Great White Whale”, the “Canberra” proved vital in transporting the Parachute Regiment and Royal Marines to the islands more than 9,000 miles from the UK. Whilst the “Queen Elizabeth 2″ was held to be too vulnerable to enter the war zone, “Canberra” was sent to the heart of the conflict. “Canberra” anchored in San Carlos Water on 21 May as part of the landings by British forces to retake the islands. Although her size and white colour made her an unmissable target for the Argentine Air Force, the “Canberra”, if sunk, would not have been completely submerged in the shallow waters at San Carlos. However, the liner was not badly hit during the landings as the Argentine pilots tended to attack the Royal Navy frigates and destroyers instead of the supply and troop ships. SS CANBERRA SAILING WAY FROM SYDNEY When the war ended, Canberra was used to repatriate the Argentine Army, before returning to Southampton to a rapturous welcome. After a lengthy refit, Canberra returned to civilian service as a cruise ship. Her role in the Falklands War made her very popular with the British public, and ticket sales after her return were elevated for many years as a result. SS CANBERRA BEING SCRAPPED
Effect of Family Income on Students’ Performance in SAT Tests Family income is the main method used to measure a country’s financial success. Most countries measure the family income in the country. Household income is different from family income. Household income consists of two types of income earners who bring their resources together. In addition, household income considers all family members in a family. On the other hand, family income considers two or more people who are related by either blood, marriage and adoption. Family income affects various things in a country. For instance, family income affects the prosperity of a country and its citizens. People who have enough family income find it easy to succeed than people who do not have enough family income. Additionally, family income affects the students Student's S.A.T. Scores in different ways. This paper determines how family income affects the student’s scores. It provides a methodology to determine the impact of family income on student performance. Effect of family income on students SAT performance and justification Family income affects the performance of students in SAT in different ways.For instance; children from poor families have not been able to achieve their academic dreams due to financial constraints. On the other hand, children from rich families have been able to perform well in their SAT examinations as they do not have financial challenges. This has been evidenced by a series of studies carried out to determine the impact of family income on students SAT score. For example, Joyce carried out a study to determine the impact of family income on disadvantaged gifted learners in Midwest. The findings from the study showed that low income hinders gifted students from performing well. Gifted students from poor families find it dificuty to exploit their potential as they are not able to participate in special programs. Most students from rich families are able to participate in special programs outside the district of resident and this enhances the students’ ability. The students find it easy to perform well in their SAT. Moreover, students from poor families are not able to enhance their ability and this affects their overall performance including their S.AT score (VanTassel-baska &Willis, 2007). Most researchers argue that there is a close relationship between students SAT score and family income. The researchers argue that students from rich families are able to perform well than students from poor families. This was confirmed in a study carried out by Catherine. Catherine carried out the research to determine how family income is linked to SAT score. The researchers used students from different institutions. Two thirds of the students taking the test reported their family income while sitting for the SAT examination. After that the researcher grouped the students SAT scores according to the family income. The results from the study confirmed that students that came from poor families scored low marks in the study. On the other hand, students who came from poor families scored good marks (VanTassel-baska &Willis, 2007). For example, students whose family income was $20,000 scored 434. While students whose income was$40,000 and $60,000 scored 488 and 503 in critical thinking. The students were also grouped according to family income when taking mathematics. The results proved that students whose family income was $20,000 scored 457 in mathematics. Further, students whose income ranged between $60,000 and $80,000 scored 512. In addition, students whose income ranged between $160,000 and $200,000 scored 554 in their math tests. The results proved that the SAT score increased with the increase in family income. Hence, students from poor families found it hard to score good marks compared to students from rich families (Rampell, 2009). The researcher also determined the impact of family income on students writing activities. The outcome of the study showed that students whose family income ranged between $20,000 and $40,000 scored 453 and students whose income ranged between $100,000 and $120,000 scored 516. The researcher noted that as family income increased, the performance of the students improved (Rampell, 2009). Though there are other factors that affect the performance of the student in SAT scores like gender and race, family income influences students score greatly. This is evidenced by studies carried out by researchers like Gregory and Sharon. The researchers carried out a study to determine the effect of family income, gender and race on students’ performance in SAT scores (Rampell, 2009). The students SAT score can range between 600 and 2400.600 is considered the lowest end while 2400 is the upper limit. Each of the SAT section is worth 200 points or 800 points. For instance, critical reading, writing and mathematics can be worth 200 pints to 800 points. Students are supposed to perform well in their SAT so as to be able to get a chance in best schools in the country. For example, the students are supposed to get almost 21 points and above. However, most students are not able to get such points due to financial challenges. The studies listed above have shown that the students’ performance in SAT depends on the family socioeconomic status. Students from socioeconomic advantaged families performed well in their SAT families compared to children from poor families. This is because they were able to score almost 700 points in three sections. Hence, most of students from disadvantaged families score poor marks in SAT and this hinders them from getting chances in better institutions. This is according to Julian Fernald (Fernald, 2009). Julian carried out a study in the University of California to determine how socioeconomic status affected the admission of students in the university. The researcher noted that students SAT performance was influenced by socioeconomic factors. The researcher used first year students admitted to the institution in the study. The students were admitted on the basis of their SAT scores. The researcher dismissed the use of SAT scores to admit students as it affected students. The researcher argued that using SAT scores to admit students denied students from poor family backgrounds an opportunity to join good institutions. Most institutions like university of California used SAT results to admit students to the institution. The institution uses SAT 1 examination to admit students. The researcher claimed that the institution should use SAT II instead of SAT1 to admit students in the institution. This is because SATII results were more accurate than SATI results as they are not affected by socioeconomic factors (Fernald, 2009). Other researchers have disapproved the claim that family income affects SAT scores. The researchers claim that students’ performance is influenced by other factors but not necessary family income. The researchers claim that the students’ performance in SAT examinations is influenced by genetic factors. There is a strong correlation between genetic factors and student performance. Children inherit different genes from their parents. The genetic materials inherited affect their behavior in various ways. For instances, the genetic material can hinder students from performing well. Also, the genetic material can enhance students’ performance in examination. Thus, the poor performance in SAT examination can be as a result of genetic factors, but not socioeconomic factors. In addition, the researchers argue that personality of a student can affect students’ performance. Students having good personality can find it easy to perform well in their examination compared to students who have bad personality. The researchers claim that there is no correlation between the performance of adopted children in SAT test and the income of the adopted parents. Hence, the student’s performance is affected by genetic factors and personality (Fernald, 2009). The research question will help determine whether family income affects the performance of students in SAT examination. The impact of family income on students SAT performance has become a debatable issue. People have different views about the topic. Some think family income has little impact on the performance of the student as stated above. Others think that family income affects students’ achievement in SAT examination. The research question is aimed at clarifying the issue by analyzing various literatures and studies that show the effect of family income and student’s performance as shown above. This will in turn help people understand the negative impact of family income on students and find measures to address socioeconomic issues in the society. For instance, the government will be able to provide financial aid to students from poor families so as to enable them to perform well. In addition, the research is important as it will help institutions change methods used to admit students to the institutions. The institutions will be able to adapt better methods instead of SAT tests as the disadvantaged children do not benefit from the tests and end up loosing chances in learning institutions (Fernald, 2009). The researcher will use a wide range of questions that are based on the literature review section. First, the researcher will determine how the family income affects the students S.A.T scores. Family income affects the performance of students in different ways. For instance, adequate family income enables the students to perform well. This is because the student is always comfortable and finds it easy to read and comprehend the material. On the other hand, low family income lowers the students’ performance as the student is not able to concentrate due to financial difficulties. This in turn affects the student achievement in S.AT. Additionally, the students from families that have enough income can also perform poorly as the students performance is influenced by various factors apart from family income. Also, students from poor families can also perform well as the performance of the students is affected by other factors like handwork apart from family income. The research will try to establish the relationship between the family income and students S.AT score (Creswell, 2003). The research questions include What is the impact of high family income on students’ performance in S.AT? What is the effect of low family income on students’ performance in S.AT? The researcher will use quantitative research design and qualitative research design. The research designs will enable the researcher get results that are accurate and up to date. The qualitative research design is used to answer various questions like how family income affects student’s performance in S.AT. The research design enables the researcher to collect non numerical data and answer the research questions accordingly. Moreover, the research design helps ensure the research findings are not subjective. This is because the researcher is not able to influence the results of the study. The quantitative research design will enable the researcher to use a large sample size in his study. For instance, the researcher will be able to use 100 participants. The research design will also enable the research to use statistical techniques to analyze data collected. The research will also be able to gather numerical data. The quantitative research design and qualitative research design will make it easy for the researcher to eliminate the shortcomings of each research design (Creswell, 2003). The researcher will use 80 participants. That is 40 females and 40 males. The participants will be students from different learning institutions in the country. The researcher will use random selection method to select the participants. This will ensure the students’ population is well represented (Creswell, 2003). There are different types of research instruments that the research can use to collect data from the participants. For instance, the researcher can use interviews and questionnaires to collect data from the participants. The researcher will interview the participants. The interview questions will be related to the research questions above. For instance, the researcher will ask the participants to explain how family income affects student’s achievement in SAT examination. Using interviews during research has a lot of benefits. First, it gives the researcher an opportunity to ask the participant to clarify his or her point. It also makes it easy for the researcher to collect data from participants who have difficulties in reading and writing. The researcher will also use questionnaires. The questionnaires will have a series of questions related to the research topic (Creswell, 2003). The first step in carrying out the research is to get permission from the participants. The research should ensure the participants are aware of the research objectives. He should also get permission from the administration. After that the research should issue the participants with questionnaires. The participants will answer the research questions accordingly. In addition, the researcher will interview the participants. After collecting data from the participants, the researcher will be required to code the data accordingly. Coding data makes it easy for the research to analyze data gathered. Then analyze data collected using various statistical methods and software like SPSS. Lastly, the researcher will make the right conclusion .The conclusion should be inline with the results of the study (Creswell, 2003). A wide range of studies have been carried out to determine the effect of family income on student’s performance in SAT examination. The findings from the studies have shown that family income influences the performance of students in different ways. For example, students from rich families perform better in SAT examination than students from poor families. This is because students from rich families are able to advance their capabilities unlike students from poor families. Though there are other factors that affect student’s performance, family income has a strong impact than other factors. Studying the relationship between family income and students SAT performance helps institutions imperove their admission methods. Most institutions use SAT performance which makes it hard for poor students to join quality institutions. It will also help the government in designing better strategies to overcome the gap and also provide financial help. Creswell,J.W.(2003).Research design: qualitative, quantitative, and mixed method approaches. SAGE Fernald,J.(2009).Preliminary Findings on the Relationship between SAT Scores, High School GPA, Socioeconomic Status, and UCSC Freshman GPA. Retrieved from http://senate.ucsc.edu/cafa/SATGPA.htm on 06/04/2011 Rampell,C.(2009).SAT Scores and Family Income. Retrieved from VanTassel-baska,.,&Willis,G.(2007).A Three Year Study of The Effects of Low Income on SAT Scores Among the Academically Able. Gifted Child Quarterly .Vol 51, page 320-329
Artist Database > Bio-bibliographic Database > - Cascumpec, Prince Edward Island, 1887 - Prince Edward Island, 1986 - Biography synopsis - Through her photographs of the events and people around her, Mildred Gamble documented Prince Edward Island life between 1905 and 1920. Gamble lived in PEI most of her life, except for the three years she studied nursing in Winnipeg, Manitoba from 1919 - 1922. In order to earn a living Gamble worked as a teacher and nurse. Her images were exhibited publicly only once during her life, in an exhibit in 1982 entitled "Rediscovery: Canadian Women Photographers 1841-1941." Gamble's photographs are held in the collection of the Public Archives and Records Office of Prince Edward Island, the National Gallery of Canada Archives, and Library and Archives Canada. There have been several exhibitions of her work in Prince Edward Island since her death. - Media used - File & Archive locations - National Gallery of Canada, ON - Library and Archives - Library and Archives Canada / Bibliothèque et Archives Canada, ON - Public Archives and Records Office of Prince Edward Island - Canadian Women Artists History Initiative Documentation Centre, QC - "Obituary for Mildred Gamble." Guardian (Charlottetown) 13 Mar. 1986: 24. - "Photography Focus of Exhibition." Guardian (Charlottetown) 4 Jan. 2002: C1. - Jones, Laura. Rediscovery: Canadian Women Photographers 1841-1941, May 13th-June 27th, 1983. London, Ontario: London Regional Art Gallery, 1983. - Jones, Laura. "Millie Gamble, Prince Edward Island." Canadian Woman Studies / Les cahiers de la femme 2.3 (1980): 25-27. - MacKay, Mary. "Black and White Images Colour P.E.I.'s Past: New Exhibition of Millie Gamble's Work Provides Pictures of Daily Life on the Island in the Early 1900s." Guardian (Charlottetown) 19 Sept. 1998: 3. - Merritt, Susan E. Her Story: Women From Canada's Past. St. Catharines, Ontario: Vanwell Publishing, 1993. - Mullally, Sasha. "Photography" First Hand: Arts, Crafts, and Culture Created by the PEI Women of the 20th Century. The Government of Prince Edward Island, 14 Jan. 2001
#race #ethnicity #gender #institutions #access #identity Since the Civil Rights Era, it has become commonplace for marginalized ethnic communities to instate their own institutions of sociological and cultural study such as university Ethic Studies departments and museums like Brooklyn’s Museum of Contemporary African Diaspora Arts. In the face of extreme prejudice and exclusion from the discourses of history and art, many have felt the necessity and urgency of race-focused research. Nonetheless, in a global art market such as we have today, the existence of numerous star artists of color has prompted some to ask whether the race-based exhibition has run its course as a format for relevant artistic exchange. Recently, Adrian Piper’s request to withdraw her work from the exhibition Radical Presence: Black Performance in Contemporary Art at NYU’s Grey Art Gallery stirred up debate around ethnocentric exhibitions once more. Piper’s request that documentation of her work The Mythic Being (1973) be pulled from the exhibition was executed with high drama, coming after the show had opened and the work was already on view. The timing of her withdrawal is inexplicable considering the work had been included in the full run of Radical Presence at its originating institution, Contemporary Arts Museum Houston. Her request read, in part: “Perhaps a more effective way to ‘celebrate [me], [my] work and [my] contributions to not only the art world at large, but also a generation of black artists working in performance,’ might be to curate multi-ethnic exhibitions that give American audiences the rare opportunity to measure directly the groundbreaking achievements of African American artists against those of their peers in ‘the art world at large.’”[i] For her part, curator Valerie Cassel Oliver has said that Radical Presence intends to “resist reductive conclusions about blackness”[ii] and to present a version of performance in black history that transcends traditional categories of music, dance, and storytelling. Seeking to define African American art practice as more than theater or folk art, Cassel Oliver has opted to locate recent art by black artists within a conceptual framework. Leaving aside the question of why Piper chose this late date to register her objections[iii], is there merit to her claim that African American artists would be better served by inclusion in “multi-ethnic exhibitions”? For an artist of her stature, there is far more cachet in appearing in Documenta or Performa than in an exhibition devoted to African American art history. However, for the younger and less acknowledged artists in Radical Presence, a show of this kind offers an opportunity for their work to be seen in the company of artists who have successfully crossed over to the mainstream, and so to be introduced to audiences that otherwise don’t seek out black artists. By withdrawing, Piper is essentially pulling up her coat tails and leaving the next generation of black performance artists to fight the same battles for recognition anew, without the benefit of her hard-won prominence to direct attention their way. The question remains, how is it that so many artists are still so marginalized by race, ethnicity, and even gender when many celebrity artists are women and people of color? When Louise Bourgeois and Kiki Smith are given solo exhibitions at the Guggenheim Museum or the Museum of Modern Art, why is it still necessary to have exhibitions such as the recent Les Papesses in Avignon or institutions like the National Museum of Women in the Arts? To give another example, when Subodh Gupta shows with Hauser & Wirth and Anish Kapoor creates a public sculpture for London costing over 30 million US dollars, why does nearly every presentation of an Indian artist in the United States appear in the context of a “contemporary art from India” exhibition? Do these groupings of artists by demographics rather than technique, subject matter, or formal concerns inadvertently limit the artists’ narratives to their biographies rather than their artistic accomplishments? Rather than answer these questions—because there is no single answer—let us instead consider why the art world continues to rely on these categories rather than simply represent a diverse spectrum of artists in the majority of exhibitions of any type. Certainly there is a marketing imperative, as shows of women, African Americans, Latinos, or artists from China and India draw audiences whose interest is in regional and social issues as well as those who support the arts. This is cause for concern only because it would seem that ethnicity and gender-specific exhibitions have not yet had a significant effect on the exhibiting or collecting practices of mainstream art institutions in the US. If 30 years of gains made by artists of color are not reflected in the constitution of the 2014 Whitney Biennial, does it stand to reason that the ethnicity exhibition is a space that is separate but not equal? It also bears questioning whether the audience for these exhibitions is comprised of people who identify with the demographic or nationalist categories on view, or whether these shows are configured to introduce the typical white, upper-income art viewer to a broader scope of art. In either case, it is possible that the category in which the artist is placed is of more concern to the institution than the artwork itself. Artists from marginalized communities struggle to have their work taken on its own merits, free of essentializing rhetoric about the kind of art that people like themselves are expected to make. White, male artists, after all, are rarely if ever described as making white, male art, nor are they consigned to White Male shows (although the majority of shows remain just this). As such, exhibitions based around ethnicity reinforce the notion that whiteness is an absence of race, rather than a racial category itself. This supports the conclusion that racially-marked shows are marked as such for the benefit of white audiences and institutional power players. As Sara Ahmed says, “of course whiteness is only invisible for those who inhabit it. For those who don’t, it is hard not to see whiteness; it even seems everywhere. Seeing whiteness is about living its effects, as effects that allow white bodies to extend into spaces that have already taken their shape, spaces in which black bodies stand out, stand apart, unless they pass, which means passing through space by passing as white.”[iv] If the imperative to define ethnic histories is mandated by ongoing white supremacy in the historical and cultural mainstream, then the ethnicity exhibition operates similarly to the “Atrocity Exhibition” described by J. G. Ballard. Excluded from society and from their own artistic discourse, the asylum-bound artists whose work Ballard describes experience their prophetic visions reduced to amusements for the chattering classes. The artists remain marginalized and dehumanized to the extreme while their creative output is lauded for its raw, unconscious power. Such a condition is opposite to the intention of a curator such as Valerie Cassel Oliver, who seeks to amend the historical record to recognize the myriad contributions of black artists to the history of performance art. Even so, Piper’s response speaks to an unfortunate and ongoing reality of widespread historical marginalization on the basis of race. Radical Presence: Black Performance in Contemporary Art is on view at NYU’s Grey Art Gallery through December 7, 2013, and at the Studio Museum of Harlem through March 9, 2014. #Hashtags is a series exploring the intersection of art, social issues, and global politics. [i] Cembalest, Robin. “Adrian Piper Pulls Out of Black Performance-Art Show.” ArtNews (October 25, 2013). http://www.artnews.com/2013/10/25/piper-pulls-out-of-black-performance-art-show/ [iii] As for whether Piper would ever withdraw her work from a show that was not ethnically focused, she did withdraw the work The Hypothesis Series (1968-69) from Joseph Kosuth’s 1970 exhibition Conceptual Art and Conceptual Aspects as a means of protest against the Vietnam War and the Kent State shootings. http://www.adrianpiper.com/art/g_hypothesis_text.shtml [iv] Ahmed, Sara. “Declarations of Whiteness: The Non-Performativity of Anti-Racism.” Borderlands e-journal (Vol. 3, No. 2, 2004). http://www.borderlands.net.au/vol3no2_2004/ahmed_declarations.htm
UFOs…. What to do? Posted by dandare on February 17, 2008 “UFOs — unidentified flying objects, or flying saucers as they are often called — have been on the mind of the public for at least the last 22 years. For a number of reasons, we know little more about them now than we did at the outset. There exists a great amount of misinformation about the phenomenon not only in the minds of the public, but among educated groups such as scientists as well. It is the purpose of this series of essays to describe various aspects of the phenomenon, make clear my prejudices and the reasons for them, and to suggest a means of proceeding on this interesting and potentially very significant problem. But first, a few words about the term UFO. J. A. Hynek, an astronomer having continuous involvement with UFO study for over 20 years, defines UFOs as ‘any reported aerial or surface visual sighting or radar return which remains unexplained by conventional means even after examination by competent persons. This definition…specifies neither flying nor objects.’(1) I would agree, but would prefer to replace ‘or radar return’ with ‘or instrumental observation’ and ‘even after examination by competent persons’ to ‘even after competent examination by qualified persons.’ This, then, is the definition I have adopted in the five essays that follow” (extract from article). The report itself is 46 pages long, and it consists of : Introduction, UFOs: Historical aspects, UFOs: astronomical aspects, UFOs:The character of reports, UFOs: Phenomenological aspects, UFOs: how to proceed and why, a report form, Bibliography. You can download the report at http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADB223765 Even though it was written in 1968, it has some great information…. This entry was posted on February 17, 2008 at 7:57 pm and is filed under "Flying Saucer", are we alone?, science, ufo, ufo cover up, UFO Documents/archives, ufo research, ufo's. You can follow any responses to this entry through the RSS 2.0 feed. You can leave a response, or trackback from your own site.
Yeltsin believed in free and fair elections and free media. Putin, by contrast, is a secret policeman. In his book First Person, made up of in terviews, he marvels at his own skillful repression of dissidents. Putin talks about dem ocracy while systematically destroying it, as Berkeley political scientist Steven Fish has detailed in Democracy Derailed in Russia. Putin has mostly destroyed press freedom, deprived both par liamentary chambers of power, undermined free elections, eliminated the election of regional governors, and seized control over the courts. Where Boris Yeltsin boldly and peacefully dissolved the Soviet empire, giving its peoples freedom, his successor has publicly complained that this was the "greatest geopolitical tragedy of the 20th century." Yeltsin believed in private enterprise. He has been criticized for privatizing the Russian economy in the only way that was possible, rather than leaving a larger share in the hands of the state. Putin is currently undertaking the greatest re-nationalization the world has seen. Yeltsin regarded both himself and Russia as part of the free and democratic Western world, while Putin does not. He criticizes both the United States and the E.U. in ever more paranoid and conspiratorial language, while praising China more and more. Unlike Westerners, the Chinese do not ask nosy questions about authoritarianism, corruption, and money-laundering, questions for which Putin has no good answers. The West is busy committing slow-motion suicide like some sort of samurai carving out his guts with his ornate sword. But when countries like the Ukraine want NATO membership to guard against Russian expansionism, is the U.S. going to fold? What to do? On a few points, the United States has got its policy toward Russia right. First, the United States and the E.U. stood up for democracy during Ukraine's Orange Revolution, and Putin accepted defeat. Second, the West protested loudly against the restrictive Russian draft legislation on nongovernmental organizations, which was softened. Third, the Western outcry over Russia's cutoff of gas supplies to Ukraine last January led to an immediate resumption of deliveries. Putin was upset, but he changed his policy. And the recent U.S. embargo against the Russian state arms export agency Rosoboronexport and the military aircraft producer Sukhoi because of their deliveries of sophisticated arms to Iran is another step in the right direction. The lesson is that Putin only responds if protests are loud, public, and backed up by threats. Rather than talking about the Cold War being over (which is true), we should remember that the most successful policies toward the Soviet Union were those of Ronald Reagan. And not one writer or commentator notes that Russia's impending invasion of Georgia is ALL ABOUT OIL, as the new pipeline from Baku to Turkey goes through Georgia. Does anyone in the craven cowardly international press, busy beating and bashing Bush, remember that Putin is using energy as the edge of the wedge in re-establishing Russian hegemony over its former satellites? Including East Germany? And control of the Georgian pipeline would further choke off EU energy supplies? Aslund ends his piece on a sour note: Right now, Russia is apparently preparing for a war against the independent former Soviet republic of Georgia. With no justification whatsoever, Putin personally has accused Georgia of state terrorism. He likened the arrest of four senior Russian military spies in Georgia to the acts of Stalin's henchman Lavrenty Beria. Russia has evacuated its diplomats and citizens from Georgia and imposed a nearly complete embargo. Major Russian military maneuvers are under way. Most analysts draw parallels to Yeltsin and argue that Russia's actions are meant only to frighten. I doubt that. Putin is a warrior. He won his presidency on a very dubious war, the second war in Chechnya--the region whose agony Anna Politkovskaya covered at the cost of her life. Putin won his reelection and authoritarian rule with his war against the oligarchs, especially his confiscation of the Yukos oil company. It is a logical next step to illegally prolong that rule by starting a war against Georgia. It couldn't be plainer that the United States needs a serious policy toward Russia and needs it fast. For the Democrats on the cusp of power, whose past penchant for detente and whose DNA is jam-packed with cowardice genes, the hand-wringing and eagerness to make concessions [or do backroom deals, as KGB docs reveal Carter, Teddy the drowner, and other Dems tried in '84] will doubtless lead to the cynical Putin pulling a Kim Jung-Il and taking US money while steadfastly pursuing his own goals. Let's see if he abrogates the Russian Constitution and runs for a third term in 2007. That should be a clue as to whether Russia once again has a czar and not a president.
Breaking Generational Curses There are several sources of curses, for example: - sins of the forefathers, - dedication to Satan, - bringing cursed objects into a home, - giving honour to demon gods, - touching Satan’s territory, and - Sin opens the door for curses* *A curse can be invoked by disobedience to God’s principles, commands and statutes, i.e. rebellion towards God and/or involvement in idolatry or the occult. Freemasonry curses involve many of these facets. Curses also come with words or oaths. Curses are the observable out-workings of evil, negative patterns, in people’s lives; in other words, the opposite of the blessings of God (Deut. 28). As a curse is undone, all the demonic spirits associated with the curse needs to be commanded to leave. Symptoms of a Curse barrenness – not able to have children, sickness – 80% of disease is caused by a curse poverty – financial difficulties – never able to get ahead oppression and family breakdown – children on drugs, divorce, separation, etc. accident prone, and many more examples A person’s life, for example, may have a history of disappointment and tragedy. Marriages may be under constant strain. There may be recurrence of accidents and illnesses. Cherished goals may not materialise, and the haunting sense of failure may be evident. We may even struggle continually against an unidentifiable “something” which brings endless frustration or something blocking you and no matter how hard you try you feel like you hit a wall. The cause is often a curse working. A “legitimate” curse is when a persons deliberately give themselves to Satan and the power of darkness. Legal right are handed over. Satan is empowered to act, and the curse takes effect. It can only be broken when that handing over is revoked, and the covenant with Satan is specifically renounced. An “illegitimate” curse is when a person pronounces evil upon another person without their knowledge or consent. The same thing can then apply. Curses have to be broken in the name of Jesus Christ the Nazareth, our Curse Destroyer. Christians need to know that our inheritance of freedom is not automatic. It has to be appropriated. Only then can we be released into the fullness of our blessing in Christ. Freemasonry curses of death and destruction can affect you and your family: - in career and employment See other links curses generational curses: “Setting Captives Free from Disease and Deliverance and from Spiritual Oppression” - Sick, Oppressed, Stuck! Be Healed, Set Free and Empowered! Attend Touch of God Healing Deliverance Ministries and find your freedom. - Healing is for you! Read Testimonies and Traci Morin 13 diseases healed from broken heart. - Healing and Deliverance Classes Online Global Anytime On-demand Video course Format (over 20 hours of video teachings) - Need prayer fill out the free online prayer request form. - Video Sermons on healing and deliverance - Own your own videos on healing and deliverance. - Video Testimony of healing and deliverance from demonic oppression and torment
The Art Tech Lab, is a fully equipped Mac lab dedicated to the Department of Art & Art History. This state-of-the-art digital lab is on a 3-year replacement cycle and is currently equipped with twenty 27” iMac computer stations installed with Adobe Master Collection (CS6), each has a Wacom drawing tablet. The Art Tech Lab has one large format and two standard sized flatbed scanners, a Xerox Phaser 7500 12x18 duplex color laser printer, and two Epson large format printers; Stylus Pro 4880 and Stylus Pro 7800. In addition, the lab is equipped with a digital projector, large worktables with cutting surfaces, and a large critique wall with track lighting for presentation of printed projects. Additional equipment includes Nikon digital cameras with video capabilities, tripods, USB card readers, light tables, and miscellaneous binding equipment.
During the tour, students learned about the transformation of the cacao fruit into chocolate. The tour highlighted the important role that cocoa farmers play along with the social and environmental issues in the chocolate industry, especially the issue of fair trade. Ivy Fox, a tour guide at Theo, explained that because 70 percent of the world’s chocolates come from Ghana and the Ivory Coast, it is important for consumers to understand where their food is coming from and the conditions in which farmers prepare and produce food. “We are really proud of the fact that we are the only fair trade chocolate company in the country and we are the only fair trade organic makers,” said Fox.“Throughout the years, we’ve been disconnected from our food and even if it’s not fair trade, it’s important to know where our food comes from.” While students sampled chocolates from Madagascar, the Dominican Republic and Costa Rica, Fox explained the importance of working with growers to ensure that they earn a living wage and have access to education for their families. Fox also reviewed the meaning of fair trade, the fair trade logos and the health benefits of chocolates. Last fall, Professor Angelina Godoy taught an LSJ special topics class on “Human Rights and the Market,” where students looked at how the market can sometimes further and sometimes frustrate human rights. The students were challenged to analyze the strengths and weaknesses of using the market to advance human rights. During the class, one group of students examined the viability of fair trade clothing at the University Book Store. The other focused on Theo, where they sought to create a standard to use in determining a fair price for cacao in all of the countries that supply the company. After the tour of Theo, the group met to discuss the meaning of fair trade and the human rights connections with this idea. Godoy explained that in fair trade as a whole, there is a tension between companies that are committed to 100 percent fair trade and the big companies like Starbucks and Walmart that are only committed to ensuring that a small percentage of their products are fair trade certified. “There’s clear evidence that if these [big companies] join, the standards get watered down,” said Godoy. The group also discussed the differences between the two recognizable fair trade logos, Fair Trade USA, the only independent fair trade certifier in the United States and IMO “Fair for Life,” a third party certification programme for Social Accountability and Fairtrade. “There isn’t a universal consensus [among companies]…the question is fair trade according to who?” said Godoy. Both Fair Trade USA and IMO “Fair for Life,” have different standards of what constitutes a fair trade product. Godoy explained that the standards not only vary from one system to the next but even within each system. For example, what is required to designate a mango “fair trade” is very different than what is required to certify coffee or cocoa. Riley Bundy, a senior LSJ major who helped to organize the event, said it was a huge success and that it was interesting to hear the students’ insights on fair trade. “It was great to see the theories in the classroom brought to an actual company whose business practices influences real life around the world,” said Bundy. This article was composed by Charlotte Anthony.
Date of Award Master of Arts (MA) Based on empirical interview evidence and data published by the Ontario Ministry of Education, this thesis uses Institutional Theory, and notions of the Therapeutic Culture to examine how and why bullying is addressed within schools. This research analyzes the claims produced and disseminated through the Ministry of Education's written policies and procedures, and the actual responses and views of school administrators. Two data sources are used: documents from the Ontario Ministry of Education, and twenty-two interviews with principals, teachers, and other key players within schools in Hamilton, Ontario. Interviews suggest that the Ministry, as well as the boards and individual schools, actively construct myths regarding anti-violence, and loosely couple their practices with their policies in ways that placate members of their institutional environment and allow them to retain organizational legitimacy. These results support Institutional Theory, suggesting that these anti-violence policies and procedures are ceremonial, serving as "band-aid" solutions, rather than resolving the problems of bullying and violence within schools. Furthermore, they demonstrate the impact of the Therapeutic Culture as the new cultural frame that schools utilize as a means of gaining and retaining legitimacy within their institutional environment. Howells, Stephanie, "Bullying, Institutions and the Therapeutic Culture: How Schools Respond to Social Problems" (2006). Open Access Dissertations and Theses. Paper 5547. McMaster University Library
Find More Images Click a category below, or select multiple categories and click "Go." Image ID: 1640691 A chart of the sea coast of SPAIN from cape de Gata to cape S. Martin and of the sea coast of BARBARY from cape de Hone ... NYPL Digital Gallery provides free and open access to over 800,000 images digitized from primary sources and printed rarities in the vast collections of The New York Public Library, including drawings, illuminated manuscripts, historical maps, vintage posters, rare prints and photographs, illustrated books, printed ephemera, and more.
\|Name Translation\|\|Chicken mimic\| Gallimimus (gal-IH-mime-US) was a fast, ostirich-like dinosaur, with a long, extended tail for balancing while running, and was rather intelligent by dinosaur standards. It had a long neck and large, round eyes, possibly for night vision, suggesting a nocturnal lifestyle (though there is no reason it wasn't diurnal) DiscoveryGallimimus was found in the Gobi Desert in Mongolia in early 1963 by Proffessor Zofia Kielan-Jaworowska. It was named by paleontologist Rinchen Barsbold in 1972, who thought it looked rather rooster-like in appearance. Most fossils have been found in Mongolia. At the time only on species of Gallimimus was known, and it was dubbed Gallimimus bullatus, because the bulbous swelling in the braincase resembled a bulla, which is a capsule worn by Roman youths around their necks. A second species, named Gallimimus mongoliensis, was discovered in 1996. In the MediaGallimimus was briefly shown in Jurassic Park as a stampeding herd that run by some protagonists, and then attacked and one was eaten by a Tyrannosaurus rex, however, in real life, it would probably have been T. rex's close relative Tarbosaurus. Also, in the Carnivores series, they appear as ambient creatures that run away if the player is to close. They also made a few appearances in The Land Before Time series. It's also a playable dinosaur in the game Dinosaur King. AnatomyIt is likely that Gallimimus was a very intelligent creature, based on mass and proportion to brain. At least quite smart among most dinosaurs. It shared many features with its relatives like Ornithomimus. It is guessed that Gallimimus was an omnivore, similiar to the Oviraptor. Its main diet consisted of small lizards and bugs, some eggs, and some plants. Gallimimus ran on two slender legs. It's predicted to have been ostrich-like, and most likely had feathers, given that feathers were preserved in it's relatives and more massive feathered dinosaurs did exist. It had a long, flat, toothless beak, with the bottom part shaped like a shovel,a dn probably would've been helpful in crunching hard plants like nuts or roots. It weighed about 970 lbs and was about 8 meters (26 feet) in length, making it one of the largest of ornithomimids. It had three claws on each arm, with three on each foot. The tail, like many other dinosaurs, was meant for balance, especially while they were running. Like other ornithomimids, it was a very fast runner, possibly capable of running up to 43 mph, which is about the same as an ostirich's top speed and over twice as fast as Olympic sprinters! Gallimimus also had large eyes, which possibly suggest that it was a nocturnal dinosaur like Troodon.
Graph Based Verification of Software Evolution Requirements Ciraci, Selim (2009) Graph Based Verification of Software Evolution Requirements. thesis. \|Abstract:\|\|Due to market demands and changes in the environment, software systems have to evolve. However, the size and complexity of the current software systems make it time consuming to incorporate changes. During our collaboration with the industry, we observed that the developers spend much time on the following evolution problems: designing runtime reconfigurable software, obeying software design constraints while coping with evolution, reusing old software solutions for new evolution problems. This thesis presents 3 processes and tool suits that aid the developers/designers when tackling these problems. The first process and tool set allow early verification of runtime reconfiguration requirements. In this process the UML models are converted into a graph-based model. The execution semantics of UML are modeled by graph transformation rules. Using these graph transformation rules, the execution of the UML models is simulated. The simulation generates a state-space showing all possible reconfigurations. The runtime reconfiguration requirements are expressed by computational tree logic or with a visual state-based language, which are verified over the generated state-space. When the verification fails a feedback on the problem is provided. The second process and tool set are developed for computer aided detection of static program constraint violations. We developed a modeling language called Source Code Modeling Language (SCML) in which program elements from the source code can be represented. In the proposed process for constraint violation detection, the source code is converted into SCML models. The constraint detection is realized by graph transformation rules. The rules detect the violation and extract information from the SCML model to provide feedback on the location of the problem. The third process and tool set provide computer aided verification of whether a design idiom can be used to implement a change request. The developers tend to implement evolution requests using software structures that are familiar to them; called design idioms. Graph transformations are used for detecting whether the constraints of the design idiom are satisfied or not. For a given design idiom and given source files in SCML, the implementation of the idiom is simulated. If the simulation succeeds, then the models are converted to source code. Electrical Engineering, Mathematics and Computer Science (EEMCS) \|Link to this item:\|\|http://purl.utwente.nl/publications/68738\| \|Export this item as:\|\|BibTeX\| Daily downloads in the past month Monthly downloads in the past 12 months Repository Staff Only: item control page
This graphic has on the left the label "Clients" bounded by a dotted line. To its right is a box labeled "Firewall," and to its right is a column of two-sectioned boxes labeled "HTTP Server" and "Proxy Plug-in." These boxes are surrounded by a dotted line and are labeled "Web Servers (Web tier)." The dotted line is labeled "DMZ." To the right of this column is a column of pentagons labeled "Server/Object Cluster (presentation, object tiers)." Each pentagon contains the labels "JSP," "Servlet," "EJB," and "JDBC." To the right of this column is a database. Clients points through the Firewall to each of the HTTP Servers. Each of the HTTP Servers points as a group with three arrows to each of the pentagons and then to the database.
Garlic has been used throughout history virtually all over the world as a medicine. Its use predates written history. Sanskrit records document the use of garlic remedies to approximately 5,000 years ago, while the Chinese have been using it for at least 3,000 years.The Codex Ebers, an Egyptian medical papyrus dating to about 1,550 B.C., mentions garlic as an effective remedy for a variety of ailments, including high blood pressure, headache, bites, worms, and tumors. Hippocrates, Aristotle and Pliny cited numerous therapeutic uses for garlic. Stories, verse, and folklore (such as its alleged ability to ward off vampires) also give historical documentation to the healing power of garlic. Sir John Harrington in The Englishman’s Doctor, written in 1609, summarized garlic’s virtues and faults: Another favorite saying about garlic is “Eat garlic and gain your health, but lose your friends.” Fortunately, there are now commercial preparations that provide all of the health benefits of garlic without the social consequences. Garlic has a wide range of well-documented effects including helping to fight infection and boosting immune function; preventing cancer, and the cardiovascular benefits of lowering cholesterol and blood pressure. All of these beneficial effects of garlic are attributed to its sulfur-containing compounds: allicin, diallyl disulfide, diallyl trisulfide, and others. Allicin is mainly responsible for the pungent odor of garlic. It is formed by the action of the enzyme alliinase on the compound alliin. The enzyme is activated by heat, oxygen, or water. This accounts for the fact that cooked garlic, as well as “aged garlic preparations,” and garlic oil products produce neither as strong an odor as raw garlic nor nearly as powerful medicinal effects.1 Some do and some do not. Since allicin is the component in garlic that is responsible for its easily identifiable odor, some manufacturers have developed highly sophisticated methods in an effort to provide the full benefits of garlic – they provide “odorless” garlic products concentrated for alliin because alliin is relatively “odorless” until it is converted to allicin in the body. Products concentrated for alliin and other sulfur components provide all of the benefits of fresh garlic if they are manufactured properly, but are more “socially acceptable.” Because alliin and alliinase are very stable when garlic is properly processed, there is a method to ensure that the allicin is not produced until the garlic powder mixes with the fluids of the intestinal tract. This method is referred to as “enteric-coating.” This method coats the specially prepared garlic in such a manner so that the tablet does not break down until after it has passed through the stomach. If a non-enteric coated garlic preparation is used, the stomach acid will destroy the majority of the formed allicin. So, these preparations are not likely to produce as good of results as a high quality, enteric-coated product. The same can be said for aged garlic and garlic oil products as these forms of garlic contain absolutely no allicin or allicin degradation products. Dr. Lawson discovered that there were basically two major problems. First of all, many of the garlic products contained little allinase activity. There was plenty of alliin, but since the activity of allinase was low, the level of allicin formed was also low. Next, Dr. Lawson found that many of the tablets contained excipients (e.g., binders and fillers) that actually inhibit allinase activity. The allinase activity in 63% of the brands was less than 10% of expected activity. The inability to release an effective dose of allicin would explain why so many of the studies with garlic supplements fail to show benefit in lowering cholesterol or blood pressure. 3 For example, studies done with one particular garlic supplement prior to 1993 were mostly positive. In fact, the results from these positive studies were the main reason garlic supplements have been allowed in Germany and in the U.S. to refer to cholesterol lowering activity. However, studies published since 1995 have failed to show a consistent effect in lowering cholesterol.4 While the authors of the negative studies on garlic have felt that the underlying reason for the results was a better-designed study, a more likely explanation is that they are due to a poorer quality tablet. Specifically, research conducted by Dr. Lawson has shown that tablets manufactured before 1993 were twice as resistant to disintegration in acid as tablets manufactured after 1993 and that the older tablets released three times the amount of allicin than the more recently manufactured tablets.3 Examination of the package labels shows several changes in tablet excipients between the pre- and post 1993 tablets. Again, these excipients are believed to block allinase activity. Can garlic really lower blood pressure and cholesterol levels? Yes, but there are some important caveats as mentioned above. The studies showing a positive effect of garlic and garlic preparations are those that deliver a sufficient dosage of allicin. The negative studies do not. In the positive doubleblind studies in patients with initial cholesterol levels greater than 200 mg/dl, supplementation with garlic preparations providing a daily dose of at least 10 mg allicin or a total allicin potential of 4,000 mcg total serum cholesterol levels dropped by about 10% to 12%, LDL cholesterol decreased by about 15%, HDL cholesterol levels usually increased by about 10%, and triglyceride levels dropped by 15%.4-9 Blood pressure readings also dropped with typical reductions of 11 mm Hg for the systolic and 5.0 in the diastolic within a one to three month period.10,11 What about aged garlic? Since aged garlic does not contain allicin, it does not produce any significant benefits on either blood pressure or cholesterol levels.12 It may provide some other benefits on the cardiovascular system, but the significance of these effects has not been fully evaluated. What brand do you recommend? Based upon Dr. Lawson’s new research, as well as the research conducted by Natural Factors, I am now endorsing Garlic Factors. I feel that it gives a person the best chance of getting all the benefits of fresh garlic minus the odor. How much garlic do I need? Based on the results of the positive clinical trials, the dosage of a commercial garlic product should provide a daily dose of at least 10 mg alliin or a total allicin potential of 4,000 mcg. This dosage equates to roughly one to four cloves of fresh garlic. Each tablet of Garlic Factors provides 6,150 mcg of allicin, very high potency. But, the real advantage of Garlic Factors is the fact that it is manufactured by Natural Factors — the experts in effective natural products. As a result, you are assured that Garlic Factors has been designed to produce results consistently. Is garlic safe? Garlic preparations taken orally, even “odorless” products, can produce a garlic odor on the breath and through the skin. Gastrointestinal irritation and nausea are the most frequent side effects. Beware of the propaganda on the dangers of allicin. I do not argue that acute and prolonged feeding of large amounts of raw garlic to rats results in anemia, weight loss and failure to grow, and even death.13,14 However, the dosages of fresh garlic used in these studies to produce these toxic effects were incredibly high, e.g., 500 mg of fresh garlic per 100 g of body weight. What about antimicrobial and immune enhancing effects? Garlic does exert antibacterial, antiviral, and anti-fungal activity.17 However, it may also work against some intestinal parasites. Garlic’s antibiotic activity is only roughly 1% the strength of penicillin, so it is certainly not a substitute for antibiotics. It is especially supportive against the overgrowth of the yeast candida albicans. Garlic appears to exert many positive effects on the immune system and human population studies have shown that eating garlic regularly reduces the risk of many cancers.18 This is partly due to garlic’s ability to reduce the formation of carcinogenic compounds as well as its positive effects on the immune system. Does garlic interact with any drugs? Theoretically, garlic preparations may potentiate the effects of the blood thinning drug Coumadin® (warfarin) as well as enhance the antiplatelet effects of drugs like aspirin and Ticlid® (ticlopidine). If you are taking these drugs, please consult a physician before taking a garlic product. Garlic may increase the effectiveness of drugs that lower blood sugar levels in the treatment of non-insulin dependent diabetes (Type 2 diabetes) such as glyburide (Diabeta, Micronase). Consult a physician to discuss proper monitoring of blood sugar levels before taking a garlic product. 1. Koch H and Lawson L (eds.): Garlic: The Science and Therapeutic Application of Allium Sativum L and Related Species, 2nd Edition.Williams & Wilkins, Baltimore, MD, 1996. 2. Lawson LD and Wang ZJ.Tablet quality: A major problem in clinical trials with garlic supplements. Forsch Kmplmentaermed 7:45, 2000. 3. Lawson LD,Wang ZJ and Papdimitrou D. Allicin release under simulated gastrointestinal conditions from garlic powder tablets employed in clinical trials on serum cholesterol. Planta Medica 2001;67:13-18. 4. Stevinson C, Pittler MH and Erst E. Garlic for treating hypercholesterolemia: A meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials. Ann Intern Med 133:420-9, 5. Kleijnen J, et al.: Garlic, onions and cardiovascular risk factors: A review of the evidence from human experiments with emphasis on commercially available preparations. Br J Clin Pharmacol 28:535-44, 1989. 6. Warshafsky S, Kamer RS and Sivak SL: Effect of garlic on total serum cholesterol. Ann Intern Med 119:599-605, 1993. 7. Jain AK, et al.: Can garlic reduce levels of serum lipids? A controlled clinical study. Am J Med 94:632-5, 1993. 8. Rotzch W, et al.: Postprandial lipaemia under treatment with Allium sativum. Controlled double-blind study in healthy volunteers with reduced HDL2- cholesterol levels. Arzneim Forsch 42:1223-7, 1992. 9. Mader FH:Treatment of hyperlipidemia with garlic-powder tablets. Arzneim Forsch 40:1111-6, 1990. 10. Silagy CA and Neil HA: A meta-analysis of the effect of garlic on blood pressure. J Hypertens 12:463-8, 1994. 11. Reuter HD: Allium sativum and Allium ursinum: Part 2. Pharmacology and medicinal application. Phytomed 2:73-91, 1995. 12. Steiner M, et al.: A double-blind crossover study in moderately hypercholesterolemic men that compared the effect of aged garlic extract and placebo administration on blood lipids. Am J Clin Nutr 64:866-70, 1996. 13. Nakagawa S, et al.: Effect of raw and extracted-aged garlic juice on growth of young rats and their organs after perioral administration. J Toxicol Sci 14. Joseph PK, Rao KR and Sundaresh CS.Toxic effects of garlic extract and garlic oil in rats. Indian J Exp Biol 27:977-9, 1989. 15.Mennella JA, Beauchamp GK. Maternal diet alters the sensory qualities of human milk and the nursling’s behavior. Pediatr 1991;88:737–44. 16. Mennella JA, Beauchamp GK.The effects of repeated exposure to garlic-flavored milk on the nursling’s behavior. Pediatr Res 1993;34:805–8. 17. Hughes BG, Lawson LD. Antimicrobial effects of Allium sativum L. (garlic), Allium ampeloprasum L. (elephant garlic) and Allium cepa L. (onion), garlic compounds and commercial garlic supplement products. Phytother Res 1991;5:154–8. 18. Dorant E, van der Brandt PA, et al. Garlic and its significance for the prevention of cancer in humans: A critical review. Br J Cancer 1993;67:424–9.
Vladimir Nabokov is best known of course as a brilliant novelist—hello, Lolita—but as it happens, his first love was poetry. Next month, Knopf will publish a landmark collection of the best of his verse, including many pieces that have never before appeared in English. The poems span the whole of Nabokov’s career, from the newly discovered “Music,” written in 1914, to the short, playful “To Véra,” composed in 1974. Included as well are such poems as “Lilith,” an early work that broaches the taboo theme revisited nearly 40 years later in Lolita. The subjects range from the Russian Revolution to the American refrigerator, taking in on the way motel rooms, butterflies, ice-skating, love, desire, exile, loneliness, language and poetry itself. Okay, that’s enough highbrow stuff. Now back to supercars and half-naked chicks… - Posted April 06, 2012 - Share on - Getty Images
The underlying cause and distribution of earthquake activity in the British Isles is not clearly understood. Recent work by Baptie (2010) presents a compilation of focal mechanisms for British earthquakes that help constrain our understanding of the driving forces of present day deformation in the British Isles. Best-fitting stress tensors determined using two different inversion methods suggest that there is a significant difference in the stress state between northwest Scotland and England and Wales. Calculated s1 directions for England and Wales are consistent both with existing stress data and expected stresses from first order plate motions. By contrast, the inversion results for northwest Scotland show near east-west extension. The clear difference in the stress inversion results between northwest Scotland and England and Wales suggests that the principal stress directions expected from first order plate motions have been modified in Scotland by local stress conditions due to glacio-isostatic adjustment. Baptie, B., Seismogenesis and State of Stress in the UK, Tectonophysics (2010), doi:10.1016/j.tecto.2009.10.006
I realize I already recommended this paper last year. However, I’ve picked up many new readers since then. Don’t be turned off by the title, it’s actually quite readable: Caron, James M. ‘Afghanistan Historiography and Pashtun Islam: Modernization Theory’s Afterimage’, History Compass, 5/2 (2007): 314-329. Download PDF In contrast to major developments in general South Asian historiography, the historiography of modern Afghanistan has largely persisted as something of a scholarly throwback to the ‘modernization theory’ trend of the 1950s and 60s. The way Pashtun experiences of Islam have been treated in history writing draws heavily upon this larger modernization-oriented thematic, which in turn has existed in a dialectic with journalistic and policy-oriented writing. This article analyzes a number of scholarly works in which questions of Islam and social change in Pashtun polities form a major focus. The article focuses on works focusing on the pre-1979 situation, which has been examined only perfunctorily in works of authors employing more current analytical techniques. The article identifies a number of appropriate thematic questions in existing work which could improve our understanding of the cultural history of pre-1979 Islam in Pashtun areas of Afghanistan, and raises a few new questions worth investigating.
General education sector; Public administration- Industry and trade; Compulsory pension and unemployment insurance; Public administration- Other social services; General public administration sector 1 of 1 Summary: Jobs are the cornerstone of economic and social development. Indeed, development happens through jobs. People work their way out of poverty and hardship through better livelihoods. Economies grow as people get better at what they do, as they move from farms to firms, and as more productive jobs are created and less productive ones disappear. Societies flourish as jobs bring together people from different ethnic and social backgrounds and nurture a sense of opportunity. Jobs are thus transformational-they can transform what we earn, what we do, and even who we are. Jobs are instrumental to achieving economic and social development. Beyond their critical importance for individual well-being, they lie at the heart of many broader societal objectives, such as poverty reduction, economy-wide productivity growth, and social cohesion. The world development report 2013 takes the centrality of jobs in the development process as its starting point and challenges and reframes how we think about work. Adopting a cross-sectoral and multidisciplinary approach, the report looks at why some jobs do more for development than others. The report finds that the jobs with the greatest development payoffs are those that make cities function better, connect the economy to global markets, protect the environment, foster trust and civic engagement, or reduce poverty. Critically, these jobs are not only found in the formal sector; depending on the country context, informal jobs can also be transformational. Overall, countries have been successful at creating jobs. More people have jobs now than ever before, and those jobs provide generally higher earnings. Indeed, amid rapid social and economic change, poverty has declined in developing countries. Jobs are vulnerable to economic downturns, though, much more so in the private sector than the public sector. Short-term crises may wipe out years of progress. They may start in a single country but now, through globalization, spread over entire regions or to the world. Official, scanned versions of documents (may include signatures, etc.)
\| Natural history is the study dealing with the collection and recording of information on types and characters of animals, plants and minerals existing in the natural world, and also the ordering and classification of such information.\| In the West, as a result of the explorations of every corner of the globe undertaken from the latter half of the 18th century, organisms, unknown until then, and novel specimens were brought in, and an enormous amount of information was collected. All this was collated by figures such as Buffon, the author of "Natural History, general and specific", and Linnaeus, who founded the "binomial nomenclature", which is the basis of the formal naming system used today. These works became known even among ordinary citizens of the day and also led to an extraordinary boom in the field. Here you can see the "Pinax Theatri Botanici," a general survey of plants by Gaspard Bauhin who distinguished genuses and species before Linnaeus; the "Elements de botanique ou methode pour connaitre les plantes" of Tournefort, whose use of many illustrations made it possible even for beginners to distinguish between and to classify plants; and the "Flora Japonica" and "Fauna Japonica" of Siebold who studied Japanese flora and fauna using tens of thousands of specimens. In the future it is planned to make a collection of representative items from available the natural history materials in the possession of the Kyoto University, including celebrated works of people such as Linnaeus, Buffon, and Youan Udagawa and Keisuke Ito, who introduced the Western study of natural history to Japan. The titles of materials and the Japanese katakana rendering of non-Japanese personal names follow Saburo Nishimura's "Bunmei no naka no hakubutsugaku -Seiou to nihon-" [Natural History in Civilization: The West and Japan] (Kinokuniya Company Ltd., 1999). \|"Japanese flora " (Siebold ; Zuccarini) 1835-1870 [Possession of Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Kyoto University]\| \|Flora Japonica, sive, Plantae quas in Imperio Japonico collegit, descripsit, ex parte in ipsis locis pingendas curavit Dr. Ph. Fr. de Siebold / Philipp Franz Balthazar von Siebold ; Joseph Gerhard Zuccarini\| \|"Japanese fauna" (Siebold) 1833-1850 [Possession of Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Kyoto University]\| \|Fauna Japonica, sive descriptio animalium, quas in itinere per japoniam,jussu et auspiciis superiorum, qui summum in India Batavia Imperium tenent suscepto, annis 1823-1830 collegit, notis observationibus et adumbrationibus illustrabit / Philipp Franz Balthazar von Siebold\| \|"Elements of botany or methodology by which to know about plants" (Tournefort) 1694-1695 [Possession of Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Kyoto University]\| \|Elemens de botanique ou methode pour connoitre les plantes / Joseph Pitton de Tournefort\| \|"Pinax Theatri Botanici General Survey" (Bauhin) 1623 [Possession of Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Kyoto University]\| \|Pinax theatri botanici, sive Index in Theophrasti Dioscoridis, Plinii et Botanicorum qui a saeculo scripserunt opera / Gaspard Bauhin\| Sorry, we have Japanese Contents only as of yet ...... \|"System of Nature" (Linne) 1907 (Reprinted edition of 1735, the first edition) [Possession of Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Kyoto University]\| \|Systema naturae, sive regna tria naturae systematice proposita per classes, ordines, genera et species / Carl von Linne\| \|"Natural History, general and specific" (Buffon) 1749-1767 [Possession of the Medical Library, Kyoto University]\| \|Histoire naturelle, generale et particuliere, avec la description du cabinet du Roi / Georges-Louis Leclerc de Buffon\| \| "Shokugaku keigen" (Utagawa, Youan) Tenpo 4jo [1833 pref.] [Possession of Kyoto University Library] \|"Taisei honzo meiso" (Ito, Keisuke) Bunsei 12 [Possession of Kyoto University Library]\| Comming soon ...... \|"Species of Plants" (Linne) 1st ed. 1753 ; 6th ed. 1762-1763 [Possession of Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Kyoto University]\| \|Species plantarum, exhibens plantas rite cognitas, ad genera relatas, cum differentiis specificis / Carl von Linne\| \|"Genus of Plants" (Linne) 5th ed. 1754 ; 6th ed. 1764 [Possession of Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Kyoto University]\| \|Genera plantarum, eorumque characteres naturales secundum numerum, figuram, situm et proportionem omnium fructications partium / Carl von Linne\|
List of Free Online Art Courses, Lessons and Tutorials See our list of the top online art courses. Learn about what courses are available and what topics they cover to find the course that is right for you. Online Art Courses for Credit The internet abounds with free art courses, lessons and tutorials, though few of them can lead to actual college credit. Students looking for a low-cost alternative to completing traditional courses might want to consider education providers offering online instruction for a fee that's significantly lower than the expense of enrolling in a college or university. Education Portal offers affordable online courses that can lead to real college credit. Students looking for instruction in art can find several art history topics covered in the History 101: Western Civilization I course. Each lesson includes written transcripts that can be accessed for free. Registered members can also view short, engaging video lessons taught by experienced educators and take self-assessment quizzes to test their understanding of the material. Listed below are just some of the chapters in this course that address art history: - History of the Ancient Near East - Survey Sumerian and Assyrian art and architecture alongside the art of ancient Egypt. - History of Ancient Greece - Explore the techniques and materials used to create pottery and sculpture in ancient Greece. - Rise of the Roman Republic - Learn to identify the characteristics of Roman portrait sculptures, paintings and mosaics. - The Early Middle Ages - Instructors cover the religious art and illuminated texts prevalent during the Carolingian Renaissance. - The Medieval Warm Period - Examine Romanesque art's murals, stained glass windows and sculptures as well as art in the Dark Ages. Free Online Non-Credited Art Courses Appropriate for high school and adult learners, this series is presented through 9 videos. The hour-long videos trace Western art history from its roots in Classical Greece through the major movements of the 20th century and the contemporary international art scene. Recognized art critics comment on topics that include Romanesque churches, Renaissance artists, painters of the Baroque period, Romantic artists, Impressionism/Post-Impressionism, Modernism and Abstract Expressionists. Coordinated books are available for a fee. Art Studio Chalkboard Users may learn the fundamental techniques of drawing and painting through a website designed and maintained by Ralph Larmann, an artist and associate professor of art at the University of Evansville. Drawing covers topics such as perspective, shading and compositional models. Users may view the instructions in still or animated versions. Painting includes information about working with canvas, painting tools, the process of painting, pigment characteristics, oil/acrylic painting and egg tempera. A list of possible source books is included. Also created by associate professor Ralph Larmann, these animated drawing tutorials address the many facets of drawing the human form, such as proportion, shading, texture and construction. A list of source materials and books about art and drawing are also available for these tutorials. Massachusetts Institute of Technology - Art of Color - Art Since 1940 - Composing Your Life: Exploration of Self Through Visual Arts and Writing - Modern Art and Mass Culture MIT OpenCourseWare makes available materials from a variety of art courses; however, these pages may not contain all the learning materials from the original courses. In the project-based course Art of Color, learners are introduced to the interactions between colors, the psychology of color and historical uses of color. Though lecture notes aren't available, students can access the syllabus, reading list and project descriptions with JPEG image examples. Though the focus of Art Since 1940 is on post-WWII American art, the course also looks at art work from other world cultures. Readings, assignments and lecture notes cover topics like surrealism, the San Francisco School, happenings, pop art, identity politics and new media art. Some of the artists discussed are Joan Miro, Mark Rothko, Laurie Anderson and Maya Lin. Composing Your Life: Exploration of Self Through Visual Arts and Writing is an interdisciplinary course in which students express themselves through both visual and written media tools. The materials don't include lecture notes; however, a substantial reading list and project descriptions are available, as well as examples of students' work and sample exercises. Learners are introduced to theories of Modernism/Postmodernism in Modern Art and Mass Culture, a course that includes lecture notes, readings and writing assignments. The course critiques and examines the relationship between fine art (e.g., sculpture, painting and photography) and mass culture art forms (e.g., advertising, TV and fashion). Open University, a provider of distance-education programs based in the United Kingdom, makes course materials available for many of its courses through its LearningSpace website. Art in Renaissance Venice is a 6-hour, advanced course unit that investigates how this art was affected by the diverse population and the geographical location. Learners can access printable lessons with several color images. Making Sense of Art History is a 5-hour, introductory course that focuses on art since 1980 and assists learners in considering artists' messages. Presented through printable lessons with images and activities, course topics include elements of art, like color and composition, as well as meaning and interpretation. Users studying Musée du Louvre, a brief 4-hour unit, learn the history of the museum and explore its collections through videos. Napoleonic Paintings is a 16-hour, intermediate-level course that investigates specific artists of the period. Through printable lectures, images and exercises, students examine the relationship between politics and art, develop analytical skills and learn the complexities of art interpretation. University of Oxford These drawing courses are offered by the Ashmolean Museum of Art and Archaeology at the University of Oxford. In the 8 video lessons in The Elements of Drawing, works of the influential artist and poet John Ruskin (1819-1900) are used to explain topics that include line, tone, measuring, color, collecting information and working creatively. Through Ruskin's Eyes features drawing exercises based on Ruskin's teachings, using the themes of nature, architecture, landscape and narrative. Aspiring artists have the opportunity to view video discussions of artists' works housed in the museum that illustrate key drawing principles. Related to List of Free Online Art Courses, Lessons and Tutorials - Recently Updated When budgets are tight and something needs to go, the arts are frequently one of the first victims. However, in Detroit, The... Art critics interpret and analyze the meaning and quality of an artist's work. Their jobs vary from reporting about local... For many of us, 33 years seems like a long time to experience any one thing; some of us haven't even lived that long. Yet... Are you considering a major in studio art, theater, dance, music or design? 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Administrative Leadership Institute (ALI) 7/2/2013 3:14 PM The Kentucky Department of Education (KDE), the Kentucky Allianance of Black School Educators (KABSE), and Western Kentucky University (WKU) formed a collaborative union to identify and prepare minority teachers to become certified administrators in the Commonwealth of Kentucky. KDE provides funding, support staff and consultants for the program. WKU is responsible for curriculum development and delivery as well as providing release time for the program director. KABSE provides professional support and mentorship. Upon completion of this uniquely structured education leadership program, participants will be eligible for the Professional Certificate for Instructional Leadership (Principal, All Grades, All Levels).
The Race Card: Making Sense of the Duncan Discipline Report The big news last week was the release of data by the U.S. Department of Education showing that, as the press release stated, Minority students across America face harsher discipline, have less access to rigorous high school curricula, and are more often taught by lower-paid and less experienced teachers, according to the U.S. Department of Education’s Office for Civil Rights (OCR). The report, part of the annual Civil Rights Data Collection (CRDC) survey, included data from 72,000 schools serving 85 percent of the nation’s students and found, among other things, that black male students “are far more likely to be suspended than their peers.” In fact, it reported, though black students make up 18 percent of the students in the sample, they accounted for 35 percent of the students suspended once and 39 percent of the students expelled. When I read this, I yawned. It matches perfectly the statistics in my school district. But just as my district pays little attention to the academic environment that these “bad” kids swim in, so too the ensuing national melee over OCR data didn’t mention curricula and teachers. Everyone wanted to talk about “discipline” practices, school “safety” and “racism.” Wrote Jason Riley in the Wall Street Journal, The Obama administration’s sympathies are with the knuckleheads who are disrupting class, not with the kids who are trying to get an education. But is racial parity in disciplinary outcomes more important than school safety? No mention of the knuckleheads inflicting inferior academic standards and teachers on black kids. Or the connection between the three. In my experience, by the time kids start acting out seriously—fourth and fifth grades—they are so frustrated by their ignorance (vis lousy curriculum and inexperienced teachers), that they use their fast-maturing cognitive abilities to ask, “what’s the point of paying attention?” And let’s throw poverty into this brew: if you’re learning little and have parents who aren’t so hot and your chances of getting mugged while walking to the bus stop are one in five—well, Mr. Riley says it best, This is yet another argument for offering ghetto kids alternatives to traditional public schools, and it’s another reason why school choice is so popular among the poor. One of the advantages of public charter schools and private schools is that they typically provide safer learning environments. I have been working on a major Fordham report on successful high schools for the poor and minorities in Ohio and have discovered that discipline, academic rigor, and devoted teachers go together. In fact, all of these black-majority schools are safe because, as staff and students testify, “we don’t have time to get in trouble.” Curriculum matters. Good teachers matter. School culture matters. I urge everyone to read the OCR report in the context that it was presented. It is hardly a rigorous study, but it definitely is, as Secretary Duncan put it, “a wake-up call to educators at every level” to “address educational inequities.” What this report tells us is that schools matter. And they matter in very old-fashioned ways: as institutions of learning. Do that right, as kids of all color know, and we won’t have to try to fool them into thinking that the prison they are attending is a school. This post originally appeared on the Fordham Institutes Board’s Eye View blog. Sign Up To Receive Notification when the latest issue of Education Next is posted In the meantime check the site regularly for new articles, blog postings, and reader comments
I have been following the mission of the new Mars rover named Curiosity with interest. What I have noticed is the way it is being operated from Earth. Each day the scientists meet to come up with a game plan to send to the rover. They of course have a long term plan and goal, but they adjust the day to day operations based on what they find from the previous day. Something else I noticed is they don’t seem to be in a particular hurry. They are letting their curiosity drive them (and then they drive Curiosity, Ha!). Exploration is best when it is not driven by schedules. The ability to replan and adjust for changing circumstances is the key to getting the most our of any learning experience. Teachers of course understand this and are constantly having to replan their day. Even so, they have a very limited ability to do this. I remember in High School where we just ran out of time to do certain things so they weren’t taught. Time was priority #1. Learning wasn’t even second I don’t think. Here are the guidelines in operation today in public school classrooms as I see them in order of priority: - Don’t cause problems for administration. - Begin and end class on time. - Keep order in the classroom and stop kids from misbehaving. - Present the topic of the day to the class in accordance to the master teaching plan / upcoming standardized test. - Assess that a certain number of students can pass a test on the material shortly after it was taught. I can’t think of any others. I admit the list is generalizing but notice there is very little flexibility built in there? You can’t satisfy curiosity without flexibility. The Mars rover drivers let their curiosity be their rule #1. A future learning system will do the same. Do any teachers want to chime in on these? How would you characterize the operating rules of your classroom?
The Non-Believer’s Bible The Non-Believers Bible was passed along to me for review by a colleague who found the writing style to be painful, thereby foreclosing the possibility of her writing a deliberate review. Rather than headache-inducing, I found the text to be perplexing. Both while in the midst of reading it and after finishing it, one question continuously echoed in my mind: How to read this text? The question posed is both one of style and of method, since the method makes or is materialized in the style just as the style manifests in the method. Perhaps, then, it is more appropriate to say that a growing sense of perplexing grew within my mind as a result of the motley combination of methods (which varied according to the “facts, research, history and common-sense view” culled by St. John) and styles at work in the text. The primary method and style is critique. The five purposes outlined in the preface articulate the overarching aim of the text: a critique of prominent world religions, a critique of the effects of religious beliefs, and a concluding section that describes the ethics of a non-believer. It is the mode of critique—both as style and as method—that proves indigestible, as if the text were so chewy that it renders it impossible to swallow with understanding. Critique is art—to be able to write a critique, then, is an acquired artistic skill. It seems that St. John recognizes the mode of critique as the art form par excellence of writing. The text’s generic blending is reciprocated by the stylistic blending—the effects, however, for this reader, are confusing. The text, in its blatant, rhetorical, mockery of religion, sometimes reads as thoughtful provocation, while at other times reads as solipsistic and uncritical. Particularly problematic is the author’s egregious oversight in claiming “facticity” for his project while simultaneously criticizing various world religions for asserting the same claim. “The book is factual, non-fiction, and absolutely true.” On the other hand, religious texts “are not based on fact, only hearsay,” he emphasizes, “I cannot stress enough the concept that religions are based totally on hearsay, no facts, nothing measurable.” Herein lies the problem: What is fact? St. John reiterates that his book is factual, but the assertion that his text is completely factual is predicated upon the melding of these following “facts”: as he says, “concepts [that] come from my own head. I have about twenty years of formal education, public school, college, and postgraduate work in Biology and Education. I am over sixty years old. I am a husband, a father, a grandfather, and a cousin. I read a lot and I think a lot.” What is “fact,” St. John? Not only is the author hypocritical, more important, he fails to distinguish how his facts are different—or, more “true”—than religion’s facts. The concept of “the fact” is a nebulous one; for those of us with “formal education,” and, in particular, training in philosophy and critical thinking, we know that the concept of the fact is predicated upon the institution in power that determines what is fact; we know that quantitative systems of measurement are arbitrary and artificial, such that measured facts exist within determinate, closed, systems; and we know that all thought and language inherently emerges from perspective, from individual or collective perspective(s), such that any claim of objectivity is fundamentally rendered moot. St. John’s text is inspiring for its discussion of how one can make meaning of life outside of religion, but, otherwise, the text is undermined by its own logic and therefore lacks the necessary rigor and critical acumen to present an effective critique of religion in general.
The term avant-garde is applied to music when it is considered "ahead of its time" by critics or fans, i.e., it contains unique or original elements, or it explores unusual fusions of different genres. In a historical sense, musicologists use the term "avant-garde music" for the radical compositions that succeeded the death of Anton Webern in 1945. This period is typically thought to begin with Wagner or Josquin des Prez.[contradiction] Today the term may be used to refer to any other post-1945 tendency of modernist music not definable as experimental music, though sometimes including a type of experimental music characterized by the rejection of tonality. Although some modernist music is also avant-garde, a distinction can be made between the two categories. Because the purpose of avant-garde music is necessarily political, social, and cultural critique, so that it challenges social and artistic values by provoking or goading audiences, composers such as Richard Strauss, Arnold Schoenberg, Anton Webern, George Antheil, and Igor Stravinsky may reasonably be considered to have been avant-gardists in their early works (which were understood as provocative, whether or not the composers intended them that way), but the label is not really appropriate for their later music. Modernists of the post–World War II period, such as Elliott Carter, Milton Babbitt, György Ligeti, Witold Lutosławski, and Luciano Berio, never conceived their music for the purpose of goading an audience, and so cannot be classified as avant-garde. Composers such as John Cage and Harry Partch, on the contrary, remained avant-gardists throughout their creative careers. - Paul Du Noyer (ed.), "Contemporary", in the Illustrated Encyclopedia of Music: From Rock, Pop, Jazz, Blues and Hip Hop to Classical, Folk, World and More (London: Flame Tree, 2003), p. 272. ISBN 1-904041-70-1 - Don Michael Randel, "Modernism", The Harvard Dictionary of Music, fourth edition (Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 2003). ISBN 9780674011632. - Edward Lowinsky, "The Musical Avant-Garde of the Renaissance; or, the Peril and Profit of Foresight", in Music in the Culture of the Renaissance and Other Essays, edited and with an introduction by Bonie J. Blackburn with forewords by Howard Mayer Brown and Ellen T. Harris, 2 vols. (Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 1989) 2:730–54, passim. - Larry Sitsky, Music of the Twentieth-Century Avant-Garde: A Biocritical Sourcebook (Westport, Conn.: Greenwood Press, 2002): xiii–xiv. ISBN 0-313-29689-8. \|This article about a music genre is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.\|
Commodore Apartment Building (Louisville, Kentucky) Commodore Apartment Building \|Architect\|\|Joseph & Joseph\| \|Architectural style\|\|Late 19th And 20th Century Revival\| \|NRHP Reference #\|\|82002709\| \|Added to NRHP\|\|April 29, 1982\| The Commodore Apartment Building, also called Commodore Apartments, is a luxury condominium complex located in Louisville, Kentucky's Bonnycastle neighborhood. The building is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. The 11-story 120 ft (37 m) high rise Commodore Apartment Building was opened in 1929 and designed by the architectural firm of Joseph & Joseph in 1928. The architects designed four other buildings in the Louisville area including the Republic Building (1916) and the Elsby (1918) in New Albany, Indiana. The building is located near Cherokee Park. The building is built on land that was once owned by Isaac Everett, one of the founders of the Galt House. Everett purchased about 150 acres (0.61 km2) of land for $25,000 dollars (USD). The land then was used to build himself a mansion. The estate passed down to his daughter Harriet, who later married and became Harriet Bonnycastle. Which after he husbands death donated land to Louisville to build Cherokee Park to spur future developments in 1891. Harriet would sell parcels of land for over the next twenty years and eventually in the late 1920s the Commodore Apartments went up. After surviving the Great Depression, and continuing as a luxury apartment building, it was sold for $650,000 and restored for another $125,000 in 1978 by Louisville native, actor and entrepreneur Roger Davis. Davis sold the Commodore in 1980 for $1,000,000 to Jack MacDonald of Acre Realty, Chicago which converted the Commodore from an apartment building to a condominium complex of 59 units. The building was added to the National Register of Historic Places on April 29, 1982. - "National Register Information System". National Register of Historic Places. National Park Service. 2007-01-23. - Emporis - Louisville, KY - Commodore Apartments - Josep & Joseph Buildings - Places in Time - Bonnycastle By Marcella Johnson Courier Journal - Courier Journal January 17, 1978 page B1 - Courier-Journal April 4, 1981 page B10 \|Wikimedia Commons has media related to Commodore Apartment Building (Louisville, Kentucky).\|
Craigendoran railway station \|Scottish Gaelic: Creag an Dòbhrain\| \|The North Clyde Line platform with the embankment for the West Highland Line behind\| \|Local authority\|\|Argyll and Bute\| \|Managed by\|\|First ScotRail\| \|Number of platforms\|\|1\| \|Live arrivals/departures and station information from National Rail Enquiries \|Annual rail passenger usage\| \|Passenger Transport Executive\| \|National Rail – UK railway stations\| \|A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z\| \| Annual estimated passenger usage based on sales of tickets in stated financial year(s) which end or originate at Craigendoran from Office of Rail Regulation statistics. Methodology may vary year on year.\| \|UK Railways portal\| The station is managed by First ScotRail and is located on the North Clyde Line, 23 miles (37 km) west of Glasgow Queen Street. West Highland Line trains used to call here but no longer do following the closure of the upper platforms. At one time this station had five platforms: Two as an island platform on the West Highland Line - sometimes called Craigendoran Upper (now closed and singled), one on Craigendoran Pier serving Clyde Steamers (closed and lifted) and two on the line to Helensburgh (one closed when the line was singled). All bar the West Highland Line platforms are/were electrified. The track layout at Craigendoran Junction was simplified in 1984. The present layout consists of a loop (available to West Highland Line trains only) and single lines to Helensburgh Upper and Helensburgh Central. \|Preceding station\|\|National Rail\|\|Following station\| North Clyde Line \|Junction with GD&HR\|\|North British Railway West Highland Railway \|Cardross\|\|North British Railway Glasgow, Dumbarton and Helensburgh Railway Until 1937, Craigendoran had three signal boxes: Craigendoran East, Craigendoran Junction and Craigendoran West. The West box closed on 2 May 1937. On 28 March 1960, the East box closed and the remaining 'Craigendoran Junction' box was renamed 'Craigendoran'. A replacement signal box, with an NX control panel, was opened on 4 November 1984. That signal box was itself closed in 1992, with control passing to Yoker Signalling Centre (IECC), which controls the whole North Clyde Line. There is a daily half-hourly service eastbound towards Glasgow Queen Street (and beyond) and westbound to Helensburgh Central. \|Wikimedia Commons has media related to Craigendoran railway station.\| - Butt, R. V. J. (1995). The Directory of Railway Stations: details every public and private passenger station, halt, platform and stopping place, past and present (1st ed.). Sparkford: Patrick Stephens Ltd. ISBN 1-8526-0508-1. OCLC 60251199. - Jowett, Alan (March 1989). Jowett's Railway Atlas of Great Britain and Ireland: From Pre-Grouping to the Present Day (1st ed.). Sparkford: Patrick Stephens Ltd. ISBN 1-8526-0086-1. OCLC 22311137. - Yonge, John (May 1987). Gerald Jacobs, ed. British Rail Track Diagams - Book 1: ScotRail (1st edition ed.). Exeter: Quail Map Company. ISBN 0-9006-0948-6. - Yonge, John (February 1993). Gerald Jacobs, ed. Railway Track Diagams - Book 1: Scotland and the Isle of Man (2nd edition ed.). Exeter: Quail Map Company. ISBN 0-9006-0995-8. - Yonge, John (April 1996). Gerald Jacobs, ed. Railway Track Diagams - Book 1: Scotland and the Isle of Man (3rd edition ed.). Exeter: Quail Map Company. ISBN 1-8983-1919-7. - Yonge, John (2007). Gerald Jacobs, ed. Railway Track Diagams - Book 1: Scotland & Isle of Man (Quail Track Plans) (fifth edition ed.). Bradford on Avon: "Trackmaps (formerly Quail Map Co)".. ISBN 978-0-9549866-3-6. OCLC 79435248.
The Graciosa fortress was established on the coast of Morocco by the Portuguese in 1489. It was established on a small river island, about three leagues from the sea, at the junction of river Lucus (Wadi Lukkus) and river el-Mekhazen (Oued Makhazine), a few kilometers inland from modern Larache. The island had been yielded to the Portuguese by Abu Zakariya Muhammad al-Saih al-Mahdi through a treaty following the Portuguese capture of Arzila. The fortress was built from February 1489 by Gaspar Jusarte. In May, a second fleet led by D. Pedro de Castelo Branco reached the island, and Diogo Fernandes de Almeida was named governor. Abu Zakariya Muhammad al-Saih al-Mahdi attacked the island to dislodge the Portuguese. After the Moroccan had blocked the river with trees, the Portuguese in Graciosa fortress had to capitulate. By the Treaty of Xamez, signed on August 27, 1489, they evacuated the island. The Portuguese thus did not resist long in Graciosa, and the Moroccans soon founded Larache at the mouth of the river. Altogether, the Portuguese are documented to have seized 6 Moroccan towns, and built 6 stand-alone fortresses on the Moroccan Atlantic coast, between the river Loukos in the north and the river of Sous in the south. Four of these stand-alone fortresses only had a short duration: Graciosa (1489), São João da Mamora (1515), Castelo Real of Mogador (1506-10) and Aguz (1520-25). Two of them were to become permanent urban settlements: Santa Cruz do Cabo de Gué (Agadir, founded in 1505-06), and Mazagan (Mazagão) founded in 1514-17. The Portuguese had to abandon most of their settlements between 1541 and 1550, although they were able to keep Ceuta, Tangier and Mazagan.
\|This article needs additional citations for verification. (December 2009)\| \|\|It has been suggested that Heterogeneous wireless network be merged into this article. (Discuss) Proposed since January 2014.\| A heterogeneous network is a network connecting computers and other devices with different operating systems and/or protocols. For example, local area networks (LANs) that connect Microsoft Windows and Linux based personal computers with Apple Macintosh computers are heterogeneous. The word heterogeneous network is also used in wireless networks using different access technologies. For example, a wireless network which provides a service through a wireless LAN and is able to maintain the service when switching to a cellular network is called a wireless heterogeneous network. Reference to a HetNet often indicates the use of multiple types of access nodes in a wireless network. A Wide Area Network can use macrocells, picocells, and/or femtocells in order to offer wireless coverage in an environment with a wide variety of wireless coverage zones, ranging from an open outdoor environment to office buildings, homes, and underground areas. Mobile experts define a HetNet as a network with complex interoperation between macrocell, small cell, and in some cases WiFi network elements used together to provide a mosaic of coverage, with handoff capability between network elements. A study from ARCchart estimates that HetNets will help drive the mobile infrastructure market to account for nearly $57 Billion in spending globally by 2017. Semantic of “Heterogeneous Network” in Telecommunications From a semantical point of view, it is very important to note that the Heterogeneous Network terminology may have different connotations in wireless telecommunications. For instance, it may refer to the paradigm of seamless and ubiquitous interoperability between various multi-coverage protocols (a.k.a. HetNet). Otherwise, it may refer to the non-uniform spatial distribution of users or wireless nodes (a.k.a. Spatial Inhomogeneity). Therefore, using the term "heterogeneous network" without putting it into perspective may result in a source of confusion in scientific literature and during the peer-review cycle. In fact, the confusion may further be aggravated, especially in light of the fact that the “HetNet” paradigm may also be researched from a “geometrical” angle. - Archi Delphinanto; Ben Hillen; Igor Passchier; Bas van Schoonhoven; Frank den Hartog (January 2009). "Remote Discovery and Management of End-User Devices in Heterogeneous Private Networks". 6th IEEE Consumer Communications and Networking Conference (CCNC 2009).: 1–5. doi:10.1109/CCNC.2009.4784889. - Archi Delphinanto; Ton Koonen; Frank den Hartog (January 2011). "End-to-end available bandwidth probing in heterogeneous IP home networks". 8th IEEE Consumer Communications and Networking Conference (CCNC 2011).: 431–435. doi:10.1109/CCNC.2011.5766506. - "HetNet Forecast". Mobile Experts. Retrieved 24 June 2011. - "HetNet Market Summary & Forecasts: Macro Cells, Small Cells & Wi-Fi Offload". ARCchart. Retrieved 17 November 2012. - Mouhamed Abdulla. "On the Fundamentals of Stochastic Spatial Modeling and Analysis of Wireless Networks and its Impact to Channel Losses". Ph.D. Dissertation, Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Concordia Univ., Montréal, Québec, Canada, Sep. 2012.: (footnote of Page 126). \|This computer networking article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.\|
Gibson speaking at the Eiteljorg Museum in 2009. His artwork Mythmaker is in the foreground and Second Nature in the background. March 31, 1972 \| \|Education\|\|BFA Art Institute of Chicago, MFA Royal College of Art\| \|Known for\|\|Painting, sculpture\| - 1 Background - 2 Current life - 3 Fine art career - 4 Influences - 5 Works - 6 Creation process - 7 Reception - 8 Notable collections - 9 Notable exhibitions - 10 Notable awards and grants - 11 References - 12 External links Born in Colorado, as a child his family moved frequently. As a youth he lived in Germany and Korea. Important to his role as an artist, press releases state that "This unique combination of cultural perspectives and exposure are essential to understanding Gibson’s artworks that combine and transform seemingly disparate references drawn from both Western and non-Western sources." In 1995 Gibson earned his Bachelors of Fine Art from the Art Institute of Chicago. In 1998 he received his Masters of Fine Arts from the Royal College of Art, which was paid for by the Mississippi Band of Choctaw Indians. Gibson on this opportunity provided for him: "My community has supported me...My chief felt that me going there, being a strong artist, made him stronger." Fine art career Utopia was important for me to envision and relates to my being Native American and having grown up solely in a Western consumer culture. My desire to act out the role of an explorer depicting an inviting landscape, via painting and specimen retrieval, was a reaction to Native tribes’ being consistently described as part of a nostalgic and romantic vision of pre-colonized Indian life. The aesthetic of these paintings and sculptures came from turn-of-the-century Iroquois whimsies, contemporary and historic powwow regalia, cultural adornment of non-Western cultures, techno rave and club culture, and earlier utopian models. - —Jeffrey Gibson Gibson pulls influences from events that revolve around dancing, pulling inspiration from Leigh Bowery and his dramatic nightclub persona. Pow-wows, nightclubs, and raves provide contrasts as rural and urban venues, serving as spaces for dancing, movement, and dramatic fashion/regalia. Keeping with regalia, 19th-century Iroquois beadwork also provides inspiration, as colorful beads often find their way into Gibson's artworks. Gibson also provides his own spin on graffiti, which is seen frequently in his works. He also credits his nomadic lifestyle as a major influence, bringing together what he describes as: ...varying aesthetics of each place. Some have had specific cultural aesthetics, language barriers, cultural barriers, etcetera. These differences funnel through me, a queer Native male born toward the end of the 20th century and entering the 21st century. I consider this hybrid in the construction of my work and attempt to show that complexity. Gibson's current practice involves painting in oil and acrylic on rawhide-clad wood panels. He is recycling found objects such as antique shaving mirrors and ironing boards and coveres them in untanned deer-, goat-, or elkskin. Gibson combines domestic, Native American and Hard-edge modernist references. His punching bag made from found Everlast punching bags, US army wool blankets, glass beads, tin jingles and the artist's repurposed paintings exemplify the dialogue between US pop culture and Native traditions. Before that Gibson's most notable works, his at times 3-D wall abstracts, have been described as "atmospheric landscapes". Working in oil paint he also brings together objects that have become a signature to his works: pigmented silicon, urethane foam, and beads. Airbrushing is another common tool used in his paintings, sculptures, and prints, incorporating oil paint and spray paint to create neon colored abstracts such as Singular (2008) and Submerge (2007). These works also find inspiration in graffiti, reflective of Gibson's urban life in New York City. Creating his own totem sculptures, in 2009 Gibson produced the Totems series for an exhibition at Sala Diaz in San Antonio, Texas. This series of sculptures involved Gibson arriving five days before the opening to put together a collection of found objects to create what have been described, by the artist, as "fantasy sex partners, objects of desire". The Totems feature objects such as mannequins acquired from Craigslist, a wig, plastic flowers, toys, cowboy boots, flower pots, his signature spray paint and other objects. In the end Gibson created two human-like figures and a totem pole from the flower pots. Writer Ben Judson described Totems as way Gibson "uses the stereotyping of his own people as a way of exploring the use of metaphor in identity formation, cultural critique and consumerism without forfeiting lyricism or indulging in self-righteousness (apart, that is, from his press release)." In order to keep regular studio hours, Gibson prefers to work between the hours of 10am and 6pm. His computer, cell phone and a movie are generally at his reach if a break is needed while working. Music usually plays in the background, sometimes random, sometimes a specific record with genres ranging from African funk, jazz, punk, pop music, rap, R&B, disco, as well as East Indian drumming. Gibson's abstract works have been compared to artists such as Martin Johnson Heade, Cy Twombly, Chris Ofili, and Indigenous Australian art. Artist and poet Jimmie Durham declared that Gibson "might be our Miles Davis", our referring to Native America. While some celebrate him as a Native artist, others celebrate his ability to move freely in and out of Native and non-Native contemporary art worlds. - Denver Art Museum - Nerman Museum of Contemporary Art - Museum of Fine Arts, Boston - Eiteljorg Museum of American Indians and Western Art - Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of the American Indian - School for Advanced Research - Sakahan, 2013, National Gallery of Canada, Ottawa, Ontario - Said The Pigeon To The Squirrel, 2013, National Academy Museum and School, New York, NY - Love Song, 2013, Institute of Contemporary Art, Boston, MA - Tipi Poles Performing As Lines, 2013, Cornell Fine Arts Museum, Winter Park, FL - MARC STRAUS, 2012, New York, NY - Shapeshifting, 2012, Peabody Essex Museum, Salem, MA - Changing Hands 3, 2012, Museum of Arts and Design, New York, NY - Recent Acquisitions, 2011, Denver Art Museum, Denver, CO - Recent Acquisitions, 2011, Museum of Fine Arts, Boston, Boston, MA - Collision, 2010, Rhode Island School of Design, Providence, RI - Vantage Point, 2010, National Museum of the American Indian, Washington, DC - Flushing Town Hall Projects, 2008, Flushing Town Hall, New York, NY - Group show, 2008, Kentler International Drawing Space, Brooklyn, NY - Voices From the Mound, 2008, Institute of American Indian Arts, Santa Fe, NM - Group show, 2007, New England School of Art and Design, Boston, MA - Off the Map, 2007, National Museum of the American Indian, New York, NY - SONOTUBE, 2007, Santa Barbara Contemporary Arts, Santa Barbara, CA - BROOKLYN, 2006, Westport Arts Center, Westport, CT - No Reservations, 2006, Aldrich Contemporary Art Museum, Ridgefield, CT - Paumanok-a, 2006, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY - Tropicalisms, 2006, Jersey City Museum, Jersey City, NJ - Indigenous Anomaly, 2005, American Indian Community House, New York, NY - (re)positions, 2001, Bronx Museum of the Arts, New York, NY Notable awards and grants - Joan Mitchell Foundation Painters and Sculptors Grant, 2012 - TED (conference) Foundation Fellow, 2012 - Smithsonian Institution Contemporary Arts Grant, 2012 - Jerome Hill Foundation, 2012 - Eiteljorg Museum Fellowship for Native American Fine Art, 2009, Eiteljorg Museum of American Indians and Western Art - Ronald & Susan Dubin Fellowship, 2008, School for Advanced Research - U.S. Public Records Index Vol. 2 (Provo, UT: Ancestry.com Operations, Inc.), 2010. - "Burner Bomb". Artists. Element Editions. 2009. Retrieved 9 March 2011. - Jeffrey Gibson (2010). "CV". Jeffrey Gibson. Samson. Retrieved 9 March 2011. - Cynthia Nadelman (2007). "Tribal Hybrids". ARTnews. Retrieved 9 March 2011. - Ross Goodman (2010). "Jeffrey Gibson". Contemporary North American Indigenous Artists. Retrieved 9 March 2011. - Sarah Fisch (2009). "Indian Giver: Jeffrey Gibson’s Absurdist Meta-Tribalism at Sala Diaz". Curblog. San Antonio Current. Retrieved 9 March 2011. - Grace Glueck (2007). "Lands You Can't See in a Guidebook". Art Review. New York Times. Retrieved 9 March 2011. - Cate McQuaid (2005). "Jeffrey Gibson and Rune Olsen: The Urge that Binds". ARTS. The Boston Globe. Retrieved 9 March 2011. - Jimmie Durham. Jeffrey Gibson: Our Miles Davis. Art Quantum, pp. 57-69. Eiteljorg Museum, 2009. ISBN 978-0-295-98996-9 - Ben Judson. "Jeffrey Gibson Sala Diaz". Issue. Art Lies. Retrieved 9 March 2011. - Jeffrey Gibson (2008). "Resume". Resume. Jeffrey Gibson. Retrieved 9 March 2011. - SAR (2008). "Jeffrey Gibson". Artists. School for Advanced Research. Retrieved 9 March 2011.
Jim Page (politician) \|Member of the Australian Parliament 30 March 1901 – 3 June 1921 \|Preceded by\|\|New seat\| \|Succeeded by\|\|James Hunter\| \|Died\|\|3 June 1921 (aged 59–60)\| \|Political party\|\|Australian Labor Party\| \|Occupation\|\|Railway worker, unionist\| James "Jim" Page (1861 – 3 June 1921) was an Australian politician. Born in London, England, he was educated there at a Dr Barnardo's Home. He served in the military from 1877 to 1883, whereupon he migrated to Australia, where he was a railway worker, unionist and labour organiser. In 1901, he was elected to the Australian House of Representatives in the first federal election, winning the Queensland rural seat of Maranoa for the Labor Party. He held the seat until his death in 1921. - "THE MEMBER FOR MARANOA.". Morning Bulletin (Rockhampton, Qld. : 1878 - 1954) (Rockhampton, Qld.: National Library of Australia). 27 July 1909. p. 7. Retrieved 8 June 2014. - Carr, Adam (2008). "Australian Election Archive". Psephos, Adam Carr's Election Archive. Retrieved 2008-07-26. \|Parliament of Australia\| \|Member for Maranoa 1901 – 1921 \|This article about an Australian Labor Party member of the House of Representatives is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.\|
\|This article needs additional citations for verification. (February 2011)\| Lathyrus sativus, is a legume (family Fabaceae) commonly grown for human consumption and livestock feed in Asia and East Africa. It is a particularly important crop in areas that are prone to drought and famine, and is thought of as an 'insurance crop' as it produces reliable yields when all other crops fail. The seeds contain a neurotoxin that causes a neurodegenerative disease when the seeds are consumed as a primary protein source for a prolonged period. It is also known as grass pea, blue sweet pea, chickling vetch, Indian pea, Indian vetch, white vetch, almorta or alverjón (Spain), guixa (Catalonia), λαθούρι (Greece), chícharos (Portugal), cicerchia (Italy), ሰበረ, sebere (Eritrea), ጓያ, guaya (Ethiopia), and khesari (Bangladesh and India). Flour made from grass peas (Spanish:almorta) is the main ingredient for the gachas manchegas or gachas de almorta. Accompaniments for the dish vary throughout La Mancha. This is an ancient Manchego cuisine staple, generally consumed during the cold winter months. The dish is generally eaten directly out of the pan it was cooked in, using either a spoon or a simple slice of bread. This dish is commonly consumed immediately after removing it from the fire, being careful not to burn one's lips or tongue. Grass pea flour is exceedingly difficult to obtain outside of Castile-La Mancha, especially in its pure form. Commercially available almorta flour is mixed with wheat flour due to the fact that grass peas are toxic if consumed in significantly large quantities for prolonged periods of time. Seed ODAP characteristics Like other grain legumes, L. sativus produces a high-protein seed. The seeds also contain variable amounts of a neurotoxic amino acid β-N-Oxalyl-L-α,β-diaminopropionic acid or ODAP or BOAA. ODAP is considered as the cause of the disease neurolathyrism, a neurodegenerative disease that causes paralysis of the lower body: emaciation of gluteal muscle (buttocks). The disease has been seen to occur after famines in Europe (France, Spain, Germany), North Africa, South Asia, and is still prevalent in Eritrea, Ethiopia and Afghanistan (pan handle) when Lathyrus seed is the exclusive or main source of nutrients for extended periods. Research has shown that ODAP concentration increases in plants grown under stressful conditions, compounding the problem. Breeding programs are underway to produce lines of L. sativus that produce less ODAP. - Oudhia, P. (1999). Allelopathic effects of some obnoxious weeds on germination and seedling vigour of Lathyrus sativus. FABIS Newsletter 42:32-34. - Gachas manchegas recipe (Spanish) - S. L. N. Rao, P. R. Adiga, and P. S. Sarma (1964). "The Isolation and Characterization of β-N-Oxalyl-L-α,β-diaminopropionic acid: A Neurotoxin from the Seeds of Lathyrus sativus". Biochemistry 3 (3): 432–436. doi:10.1021/bi00891a022. \|Wikispecies has information related to: Lathyrus sativus\|
Law Enforcement Intelligence Unit \|This article is an orphan, as no other articles link to it. Please introduce links to this page from ; try the Find links tool for suggestions. (April 2008)\| The Law Enforcement Intelligence Unit (LEIU) is an organization designed to facilitate intelligence sharing between state and local law enforcement agencies. It began in 1956 with 26 members and has since expanded to include roughly 250 members, mostly in the United States but also in Canada, Australia, and South Africa. The organization is divided into four zones: Eastern, Central, Northwestern, and Southwestern. According to its website, LEIU's purpose is to "gather, record, and exchange confidential information not available through regular police channels, concerning organized crime and terrorism." In June 2003, the annual meeting of the LEIU in Seattle, Washington was protested by approximately 400 people, resulting in 12 arrests, and pepper spraying of demonstrators. "Among the activists' concerns" were "post-9/11 laws such as the USA Patriot Act, which gives the government expanded powers to use wiretaps, electronic surveillance and other methods of information gathering." - "America's Secret Police Network". George O'Toole (Penthouse Exclusive). December 1976. - "Wide Police Surveillance Abuses Reported in a Study by Quakers". The New York Times (New York). April 17, 1979. - "Intelligence Units Across U.S. Probe Alleged LAPD Leak". Los Angeles Times (Los Angeles). June 24, 1988. \|This law enforcement–related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.\|
Nishmat (נִשְׁמַת or Nishmat Kol Chai, The breath of every living thing) is a Jewish prayer that is recited following the Song of the Sea during Pesukei D'Zimrah but before Yishtabach on Shabbat and Yom Tov. It is also recited during the Passover seder in some traditions. The recitation of this prayer is not required by halakha in Judaism, but nevertheless, is prized by halakhic authorities because the concepts covered in this prayer are basic to Halakha. In this prayer, the word Nishmat (the combining form of Nishmah נִשְׁמָה breath) that begins the prayer is related to the word neshama (נְשָׁמָה soul), suggesting that the soul is part of the breath of all life. The theme of the prayer is the uniqueness of God. Some halakha can be derived from the prayer Nishmat. The commandment Do not lie idly by the blood of your neighbor requires a person to rescue another s/he sees is in danger. But from Nishmat, it can be seen that one who is not physically present where the danger is taking place is exempt from performing any rescue action. Some examples of this include the obligation to rescue a person from a burning building in one's own location, but an exemption from the obligation to donate an organ when doing so can save a life (though doing so is still permitted). Nishmat is considered one of the masterpieces of Jewish liturgy. It is seen as a journey of self-discovery, describing God as a source of prayer. The composition date of this prayer is believed to have be from the Amoraic era or earlier. In the Talmud (Bavli Pesahim 118a), Rabbi Yochanan bar Nafcha (180-279 CE), states that this prayer should be recited during the Passover Seder after Hallel. This has been current practice at least since the Geonic period (c. 800-1000 CE). While this is the earliest known reference to the prayer, there are opinions that it may be older. Nishmat became a standard part of the liturgy by the time of Saadia Gaon. The earliest mention of it as part of the Sabbath morning service is in Seder Rav Amram written by Rav Amram Gaon in the ninth century CE. In Mishneh Torah, Maimonides (12th century CE) states that it was recited on the Sabbath in Sephardic practice. Its use on Sabbath morning was controversial in Europe during the early medieval period. Several Ashkenazic rabbinic works explicitly defended its use, including Mahzor Vitry and Kol Bo. The exact author of the prayer is not known. Some scholars have suggested that it was authored by a man named Yitzchak (יצחק, Isaac) with a wife named Rivka (רבקה, Rebecca) based on the acrostic arrangement of the verses, but others have dismissed this idea. Some scholars have suggested that the author's name may have been Shimon (שמעון, Simon) from an acrostic within the prayer, and have considered this could be Shimon ben Shetach or perhaps even (according to some Messianic Christians ideas) Apostle Peter, whose Hebrew name was Shimon, which would place the date of authorship at around 100 BCE. - Preparing your heart for Passover: a guide for spiritual readiness By Kerry M. Olitzky, page 82 - My People's Prayer Book: Shabbat morning : Shacharit and Musaf By Lawrence A. Hoffman, page 45, 58 - Festival of freedom: essays on Pesah and the Haggadah By Joseph Dov Soloveitchik, Joel B. Wolowelsky, Reuven Ziegler, page 112 - The Book of Blessings: New Jewish Prayers for Daily Life, the Sabbath, and ... By Marcia Falk, page 490 - 1,001 Questions and Answers on Rosh Hashanah and Yom Kippur By Jeffrey M. Cohen, page 166 - Contemporary halakhic problems, Volume 4 By J. David Bleich, page 310 - Contemporary halakhic problems, Volume 4 By J. David Bleich, page 314 - Finding our way: Jewish texts and the lives we lead today By Barry W. Holtz, page 115 - Why We Pray What We Pray By Rabbi Dr. Barry Freundel, page 84 - My People's Prayer Book: Shabbat morning : Shacharit and Musaf By Lawrence A. Hoffman, page 59 - The contemplative soul: Hebrew poetry and philosophical theory in medieval Spain By Adena Tanenbaum, pages 17-18 - Why We Pray What We Pray By Rabbi Dr. Barry Freundel, page 91 - Why We Pray What We Pray By Rabbi Dr. Barry Freundel, page 93 - 1,001 Questions and Answers on Rosh Hashanah and Yom Kippur By Jeffrey M. Cohen, page 167 - The JPS guide to Jewish traditions By Ronald L. Eisenberg, Jewish Publication Society, page 411
Novorossiysk TV Tower Novorossiysk TV Tower is a Russian transmission tower that is made of steel and reinforced concrete. The tower is used for FM and TV transmission at Novorossiysk in Russia. It was completed in 1996 and is owned by the Russian Television and Radio Broadcasting Network. It has an antenna that contributes to its stature which is 261 metres long. The Novorossiysk TV Tower can be found in the city of Novorossiysk, which is located in the krai (federal subject) of Krasnodar, which in turn, is located in the Southern Federal District, in Russia. \|This article about a Russian building or structure is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.\|
Old Royal College Building, Colombo Old Royal College Building is the main building of the University of Colombo. The iconic symbol of the University of Colombo, it is located on campus center in front of the university sports grounds, and presently houses the Department of Mathematics. Originally built in 1911 for the Royal College Colombo before it was transferred to the University College Colombo a year after its formation in 1921. Located behind the building is the King George Hall. The foundation stone for a new building for the Royal College Colombo was laid by the Governor of Ceylon Sir Henry McCallum on May 31, 1911 and the college was transferred from its former location in Sebastian Hill on August 27, 1913.
The movement for Post-Autistic Economics (PAE) was born through the work of University of Paris 1 economist Bernard Guerrien. The movement is best seen as a forum of different groups critical of the current mainstream: behavioral economics, heterodox economics, feminist economics, green economics, and econo-physics. Started in 2000 by a group of disaffected French economics students, Post-Autistic Economics first reached a wider audience in June 2000 after an interview in Le Monde. The term autistic is used in an informal way, signifying "abnormal subjectivity, acceptance of fantasy rather than reality". It has been criticized for using the medical diagnosis, autism, as a derogatory expression. PAE has challenged standard neoclassical assumptions and incorporated ideas from sociology and psychology into economic analysis. Specifically, the notions of utility theory, rational choice, production and efficiency theory (Pareto optimality), and game theory have been criticised. Other topics include "Gross National Happiness", realism vs. mathematical consistency, "Thermodynamics and Economics", or "Irrelevance and Ideology". Contributors include Bruce Caldwell, James K. Galbraith, Robert L. Heilbroner, Bernard Guerrien, Emmanuelle Benicourt, Ha-Joon Chang, Herman Daly and Richard D. Wolff. Criticism of the term Although it is no longer used this way in common vernacular the term "autistic economy" is a technical term rooted in economic history which refers collectively to either a socialist or fascist economy. These two types of economies are lumped together because they are both command economies. The use of the term "autistic" in PAE makes reference to this little known use of the word autistic in economics, which pre-dates the discovery of the medical condition autism in 1943. Some mainstream economists - such as Robert Solow, in a long article in Le Monde, followed by another by Olivier Blanchard, the chair at MIT, as well as the publication of a counter-petition to the French students’ petition, a plea for the status quo - argue that a characterization of academic economics taught in today's colleges as autistic in the sense of closed-minded is unfair, since many branches of post-modern economics reject classical economic world-views and heavy reliance on mathematics. In addition, the term "autistic" is a medical description of a developmental condition, and thus its use to characterize mainstream economics is considered by many to be highly insensitive and indicative of a lack of empathy and understanding on the part of self-described post-autistic economists for actual autistics. In March, 2008, the post-autistic economics review changed its name to the real-world economics review. - Criticisms of neoclassical economics - History of economics - Pluralism in economics - Post-Keynesian economics - Real-world economics review - The Cambridge 27 (July 2001). "Opening Up Economics". post-autistic economics newsletter (7, article 1). Archived from the original on 2012-06-30.[dead link] - http://www.yaleeconomicreview.com/issues/2006_summer/autistic_economist.html[dead link] ALCORN, Stanley and SOLARZ, Ben. The Autistic Economist, Yale Economic Review] - Kay, Neil (7 September 2008), The Importance of Words - http://www.autisme-economie.org/article115.html Is There Anything Worth Keeping in Standard Microeconomics? - von Mises, Ludwig. "Human Action, Part 4, Chapter 14". Retrieved 1949. - "Robert Solow (2001) L´économie entre empirisme et mathématisation. Le Monde, 3 January 2001, in post-autistic economics media archives". Archived from the original on 2012-11-30.[dead link] - Galbraith, James K. (January 2001). "A contribution on the state of economics in France and the world". post-autistic economics newsletter (4, article 1). Archived from the original on 2012-11-30.[dead link] - "Autism and Economics". 3 December 2007. - ALCORN, Stanley and SOLARZ, Ben. The Autistic Economist, Yale Economic Review - Real World Economics: A Post-Autistic Economics Reader, ed. by Edward Fullbrook, Anthem Press, 2007, ISBN 1-84331-236-0 - Mark Blaug. "Ugly Currents in Modern Economics", Policy Options, September 1997. Available as PDF. - Peter Monaghan. "Taking on Rational Man: Dissident economists fight for a niche in the discipline", Chronicle of Higher Education, 24 January 2003. - Richard Smith, "Eco-suicidal Economics of Adam Smith," Capitalism Nature Socialism, Volume 18 Number 2 (June 2007): 22-43. PDF at - Fred Foldvary (ed). Beyond Neoclassical Economics: Heterodox Approaches to Economic Theory, Edward Elgar Publishing, Aldershot, U.K., 1996. - Official site of the PAE organisation and newsletter - The Post-Autistic Economic Review, a scholarly journal published by the movement - New Economics Foundation - The People-Centered Development Forum - Article Taking On 'Rational Man' - Dissident economists fight for a niche in the discipline - Magazine and newsletter of post-autistic Spanish students - Website of the french students movement for a reform of the teaching in economics - Article 'Kick it Over! – The Rise of Post-Autistic Economics' in Adbusters magazine, 2004 Sept.
Professional File System \|Full name\|\|Professional File System\| \|Partition identifier\|\|'PFS\1', 'muAF', 'AFS\1' (RDB)\| \|Max. volume size\|\|137 GB\| \|Max. filename length\|\|107 characters\| \|Allowed characters in filenames\|\|All bytes except NULL, ':' and '/'\| \|Dates recorded\|\|modification (mtime)\| \|Date range\|\|January 1, 1978 - 2157\| \|File system permissions\|\|Amiga permissions, multiuser permissions\| \|Transparent encryption\|\|No (provided at the block device level)\| \|Supported operating systems\|\|AmigaOS, MorphOS\| The Professional File System is a filesystem originally developed commercially for the Amiga, it is now distributed on Aminet with a 4-clause BSD license. PFS tends to perform very well, due to the simplicity of design. Compatible successor of Ami-FileSafe. The device is split into two main areas. At the beginning of the device is the metadata section, which consists of a root block, and a generic array of blocks that can be allocated to store metadata. The rest of the device is another contiguous generic array of blocks that can be allocated to store data. The metadata section usually uses a few percent of the device, depending on the size of the device. The metadata is stored as a tree of single blocks in the metadata section. The entire directory structure is recorded in the metadata, so the data section purely contains data from files. The metadata describes the location of data in files with extents of blocks, which makes the metadata quite compact. When a metadata update occurs, the system looks at the block containing the metadata to be changed, and copies it to a newly allocated block from the metadata section, with the change made, then it recursively changes the metadata in the block that points to that block in the same way. This way, eventually the root block needs to be changed, which causes the atomic metadata update. The filesystem is reasonably good at keeping files unfragmented, although there is a defragmentation tool available which will work on an online filesystem. It was the first filesystem to introduce the concept of the Recycle Bin natively at filesystem-level to the Amiga, holding the last few deleted files in a hidden directory on the disk root. PFS version 5.3 was developed in C and a small portion of assembly code by Michiel Pelt.
Rail transport in Western Australia The Railways in Western Australia were developed in the 19th century both by the Government of Western Australia and a number of private companies. Today passenger rail services are controlled by the Public Transport Authority (a department of the Government of Western Australia) through Transperth who operates public transport in Perth, and Transwa who operates country passenger services. Great Southern Railway operates the Indian Pacific. Freight rail was privatised in 2000, with the interstate standard gauge line east from Kalgoorlie owned by the Australian Rail Track Corporation, with the remainder of lines in the state owned by Brookfield Rail. Intrastate freight is mainly operated by Aurizon, while interstate traffic is operated by Aurizon, Pacific National and Specialised Container Transport. A number of private iron ore haulage railways also operate in the Pilbara region of the state. - 1 History - 2 Operations - 3 See also - 4 References - 5 Further reading - 6 External links Nevertheless the private Midland Railway Company and Great Southern Railway built lines in the wheat belt with the support of land grants. The network in southwestern Western Australia were built as 3 ft 6 in (1,067 mm) gauge lines. In 1907 the standard-gauge Trans-Australian Railway from Port Augusta, South Australia to Kalgoorlie was authorised. Construction started in 1912, and it was completed in 1917. It was run by the Commonwealth Railways. In the 20th century standard (1,435 mm (4 ft 8 1⁄2 in)) gauge lines penetrated to Perth and Esperance and long distance heavy-haul railways were built in the Pilbara region by major iron mining companies, particularly BHP Billiton and Hamersley Iron. The Perth suburban lines were electrified and extended. Government railways were controlled by the Department of Works and Railways from 1877. The department became Western Australian Government Railways (WAGR) in 1890. WAGR became Westrail in 1975 and continued to manage both passenger and freight rail services in Western Australia until 2000, when its freight business was sold to Australian Western Railroad — a subsidiary of the Australian Railroad Group. This business was purchased by Queensland Rail in 2006. Westrail’s freight rail lines were leased to WestNet Rail — another subsidiary of the Australian Railroad Group. This business was acquired by Babcock and Brown in 2006 and sold again in 2010 to become Brookfield Rail. - 1871 - Private timber railway opens from Lockville to Yoganup, south of Perth - 1879 - Government railway 1,067 mm (3 ft 6 in) gauge line opens between Geraldton and Northampton - 1881 - Line opens from Fremantle to Perth and Guildford - 1893 - Line opens from Perth to Bunbury - 1894 - Midland Railway Company opens line from Midland Junction to Walkaway, connecting with the Government line to Geraldton - 1896 - Line reaches Kalgoorlie - 1917 - Standard gauge Trans-Australian Railway connects eastern Australia with Western Australia, with a break-of-gauge at Kalgoorlie - 1968 - Kalgoorlie to Perth standard gauge line opens. (Lines east of Northam converted to Standard Gauge, including Kalgoorlie to Esperance. North and south of Northam remains Narrow Gauge only. West of Northam becomes Dual Gauge.) - 1986 - Electrification of Perth suburban lines from with a 25 kV AC overhead power supply commences - 1993 - Northern Suburbs Transit System commences operation with a new line opened from Joondalup to Perth - 2007 - The Mandurah railway line opens as part of the New MetroRail project, which also included construction of the Thornlie spur and Greenwood railway station. The Western Australian Government Railways (WAGR) opened line from Fremantle to Perth and Guildford in 1881. It was extended to Chidlow in 1884, York in 1885 and Beverley in 1886. Branch lines were built to Belmont, Northam and Toodyay by 1888. The Beverly line was extended to Albany in 1889 by the Great Southern Railway, which was taken over by WAGR in 1896. A line was built from Perth to Bunbury in 1893, with branches to Collie, Busselton and Bridgetown. The Northam line was extended to Southern Cross in 1894 and Coolgardie and Kalgoorlie in 1896. This line connected with the standard gauge Trans-Australian Railway to eastern Australia in 1917 at a break-of-gauge. The replacement standard gauge line was open in 1968 Wheatbelt Branch Lines Isolated Branch Lines The Western Australian Government Railways had two isolated branches: The Hopetoun to Ravensthorpe railway was an isolated opened on 3 June 1909, and closed on 23 February 1935. The Hopetoun jetty line was handed over to the Harbour and Light Department on 1 January 1936 - it was officially closed on 13 January 1946. Perth suburban network - From 1993 Perth electrified its existing railway lines, utilising electric multiple units and a 25 kV AC overhead power supply system. - In 1993, the Northern Suburbs Transit System commenced operations. - 2007 saw the completion of the New MetroRail project. Transwa controls public transport services outside of Perth, including passenger service from Perth to Kalgoorlie, Northam and Bunbury. These trains are known as the Prospector, Avonlink, and Australind Pilbara iron ore lines Four isolated heavy duty railways for the cartage of iron ore in the Pilbara region have always been private concerns operated as part of the production line between mine and port. These lines have pushed the limit of the wheel to rail interface which has led to much useful research of value to railways worldwide. In 2007, a fifth line is under construction by the Fortescue Metals Group. A sixth iron ore line has been proposed to the port of Oakajee, and this will have open access to any iron ore mine wishing to use it. A sixth dual gauge network based on the new Oakajee Port north of Geraldton has been proposed by WestNet Rail. In 2010, Rio Tinto announced plans to expand capacity on the railway line linking its iron ore mines to Dampier; this would increase capacity to 230 million tonnes per year, to meet increasing demand for iron ore. The railway lines are: - Hamersley & Robe River railway (Rio Tinto) - Mount Newman railway (BHP) - Goldsworthy railway (BHP) - Fortescue railway (FMG) - Railway accidents in Western Australia - Western Australian Government Railways - History of rail transport in Australia - List of Western Australian locomotive classes - "Background - Organisation of Australia's Railways". Department of Transport and Regional Services. Retrieved 2008-02-21. - "Railways in Western Australia". www.pta.wa.gov.au. Archived from the original on 2008-05-21. Retrieved 2008-06-22. - "Rio Tinto to boost Pilbara capacity - International Railway Journal". 2010-09-28. Retrieved 2010-09-28. - Affleck, Fred N. On track : the making of Westrail, 1950 to 1976 . Perth : Westrail, 1978. ISBN 0-7244-7560-5 - Joyce, John; Tilley, Allan (1980). Railways in the Pilbara (2nd ed.). Wembley, WA: J & A Publications. ISBN 0959969926. OCLC 222691305. - May, Andrew and Gray, Bill. A History of WAGR Passenger Carriages. Perth:The Author, 2006. ISBN 0-646-45902-3 - Quinlan, Howard & Newland, John R. Australian Railway Routes 1854-2000 2000. ISBN 0-909650-49-7 \|Wikimedia Commons has media related to Rail transport in Western Australia.\| - Pilbara Railways – rail enthusiast site - Map of country railways and passenger services - Official network map (2MB)
Royal Brompton Hospital \|\|A major contributor to this article appears to have a close connection with its subject. (January 2012)\| \|\|This article contains wording that promotes the subject in a subjective manner without imparting real information. (January 2012)\| \|Royal Brompton Hospital\| \|Royal Brompton & Harefield NHS Foundation Trust\| \|Location\|\|Brompton, Kensington, London, England, United Kingdom\| \|Care system\|\|Public NHS\| \|Affiliated university\|\|Imperial College London\| \|Emergency department\|\|No Accident & Emergency\| \|Speciality\|\|Heart and lung hospital\| \|Lists\|\|Hospitals in England\| Royal Brompton Hospital is the largest specialist heart and lung centre in the United Kingdom (UK). The hospital is part of Royal Brompton & Harefield NHS Foundation Trust is a national and international specialist heart and lung centre based in Chelsea, London and Harefield, Middlesex. The Trust helps patients from all age groups who have heart and lung problems and is the country's largest centre for the treatment of adult congenital heart disease. - 1 Consumption in the 19th Century - 2 The beginning - 3 Frimley - 4 Other sites - 5 The hospital in the 21st Century - 6 Notalble physicians and nurses associated with The Brompton - 7 Notes - 8 References - 9 External links Consumption in the 19th Century In the 19th century, consumption was a common word for tuberculosis. At the time consumptive patients were turned away from other hospitals as there was no known cure. Hospitals that dealt with such infectious diseases later came to be known as sanatoriums. The prospectus for the Hospital stated that for the last 6 months of 1837 out of 148,701 deaths from all causes, 27,754 were from consumption. The hospital was founded in the 1840s by Philip Rose, the first meeting to establish the Hospital was on 8 March 1841. It was to be known as The Hospital for Consumption and Diseases of the Chest. It amalgamated on 25 May 1841 with The West London Dispensary for Diseases of the Chest, which was based at 83 Wells Street, near Oxford Street. Little is now known about the Dispensary. On 28 March 1842, an out-patients branch of the hospital was opened at 20 Great Marlborough Street. Later that year they acquired a lease on their first building for in-patients at The Manor House, Chelsea, which held space for 20 beds and the first in-patients were admitted on 13 September 1842. Admittance was to be by the then customary method of recommendation by the Governors and subscribers. Manor House remained in use as a convalescence home after the hospital had moved to the Brompton site. In common with other hospitals at the time, the hospital was to be financed entirely from charitable donations, legacies and fund raising. Rose travelled the country to explain the aims of the hospital, setting up 14 provincial associations, 157 churches promised to preach special sermons as a means of fund raising. The famous singer, Jenny Lind also gave concerts, including one at Her Majesty's Theatre in July 1848, which raised £1,606. The move to Brompton The area known as Brompton was no more than a village surrounded by market gardens, but quickly developed in the 1840s. The hospital acquired a market garden site there from a charity to erect a new hospital, with the architect being Frederick John Francis. The stone laying for the west wing was on 11 June 1844 by Prince Albert, the Prince Consort, the building being described as a beautiful Elizabethan building with red brick and blue diapering with Portland stone mouldings. One of the features of the building was the inclusion of ventilation by forced warm air in an attempt to create a temperature more commonly found in more southern latitudes. The total cost for the west wing and part of the centre was £11,762. The first admission of patients was in 1847. Whilst the east wing was completed in 1849. The hospital acquired houses on the south side of the Brompton Road in 1868 with a plan to connect to the main building with a tunnel, which was completed in 1873. The hospital continued to purchase houses on the south side and eventually developed the site to become the south block of the Brompton, which was formerly opened by the President of the Corporation, The Earl of Derby on 13 June 1882. Without the bequest of Miss Cordelia Angelica Read of some £100,000 the hospital may never have been built. The building was in an "E" shape and constructed of red brick and Ancaster stone. The basement contained a compressed air room and a Turkish bath (both of which were considered beneficial to tuberculosis sufferers at the time. There were also facilities for a large outpatients department, rooms for resident staff and a lecture room and ten wards holding from 1 to 8 beds. The total cost was said to be £65,976. On 13 September 1900 the Hospital acquired 20 acres (8.1 ha) of planted forestry at Chobham Ridge (which is 400 feet (120 m) above sea level), 2 miles (3.2 km) from Frimley Railway Station for £3,900. The architect, Edwin T. Hall, designed a two-storied stellate block, rising to three-stories for the centre, the four radial pavilions would contain the majority of wards, most of which would be single bedded and the ability to wheel the beds onto a terrace to "be under the full influence of the sunshine and the atmosphere." A second group of buildings was to contain dining rooms, recreation rooms, kitchens and offices and accommodation for medical staff. Besides accommodation for staff, 2 houses and a nurses block, no further buildings were erected on the site until its closure in 1985. The formal opening of the sanatorium was on 25 June 1904 with the ceremony performed by the Prince of Wales (later King George V), but because of unresolved problems regarding heating, plumbing and staff the first patients weren’t admitted until March 1905. Marcus Paterson, who had been a house physician at the Brompton from 1901, accepted a post at Frimley in 1905, becoming the Medical Superintendent in January 1906. Paterson was known to say, "it would make them (the patients) more resistant to the disease by improving their physical condition." To this end he introduced what was one of the first attempts at systematic rehabilitation, which involved patients in undertaking physical labour At an International Congress on Tuberculosis held in 1908 in Washington, USA the $1,000 first prize was shared between Frimley, for a model of the sanatorium, which had partly been made by patients, and an American institution. Further awards of $500 went to Paterson for his essay on Frimley and $1,000 to Arthur Latham, an assistant-physician at The Brompton for his paper on the treatment of more advanced cases of tuberculosis. In 1850 The Medical Committee decided to build a small sanatorium in Bournemouth, to be financially independent, to "receive those cases where convalescence has been established." Although more of a convalescent home, rather than a sanatorium as the word was understood later, it was the first of any such establishment anywhere in the world. It was specially built, the architect being E B Lamb, who had previously built St Luke's Chapel attached to the Hospital in Brompton Road. The sanatorium opened in October 1855. Later to become independent of the hospital and known as The Royal National Sanatorium : Bournemouth. The site has now been re-developed into a retirement complex known as "Brompton Court," but the chapel has been retained. The Hospital paid for the passage of 20 patients with tuberculosis to be taken to Madeira on the ship, Maria Pia, which set sail on 7 November 1864. When the patients returned some months later it was discerned that there had been no noticeable improvement in the patients and the experiment was discontinued. Towards the end of the 19th Century the idea that sea air could be beneficial grew in popularity in medical circles and the Hospital, with help from the London Samaritan Society sent people to Bournemouth and Sandgate. This was discontinued in 1900 with the future development at Frimley in mind. The hospital erected a hut at St. Andrew's Home, Hayling Island in 1922, to receive "the most miserable, undersized and debilitated children" attending the dispensary, 37 children were sent the first year. The children were chosen from the poorest homes, no lessons were given but "organised games and eurythmics" were the order of the day. Later another hut was built for children not living in Chelsea. St. Andrew's Home closed in 1932. Harefield Hospital is a national and international leader in the treatment of heart and lung disease and is renowned for its pioneering transplant unit. Harefield Hospital is one of the largest and most experienced centres in the world for heart and lung transplants. In 1983, a team of doctors led by the eminent Prof Sir Magdi Yacoub performed Britain’s first heart-lung transplant. The hospital in the 21st Century \|\|This article appears to be written like an advertisement. (November 2010)\| In 2009 Royal Brompton & Harefield became a foundation trust inside the NHS, giving it new freedom to run its own finances and borrow money."Foundation trust". Royal Brompton & Harefield NHS Foundation Trust. Retrieved 2009-09-27. On Monday 5 July 2010, the new National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Respiratory Biomedical Research Unit (BRU) Clinical Research Facility opened at the Royal Brompton Hospital. Funded and supported by the NIHR and the Royal Brompton Hospital Charitable Trustees, the Respiratory BRU puts the Trust and its academic partner Imperial College London at the forefront of international research into the most challenging lung conditions. It aims to: - Develop research teams by creating six new Consortia in key advanced lung diseases to progress future research and improve treatment for patients. - Provide the core facilities, including the new Clinical Research Facility, needed by the Consortia to undertake their work. - Encourage greater participation from patients and the public on research projects. - Facilitate the training of health professionals in Advanced Lung Disease. On Monday 15 November 2010, the new National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Cardiovascular Biomedical ResearchUnit opened at Royal Brompton Hospital, a joint initiative with academic partner Imperial College London. As part of the NIHR, the cardiovascular BRU puts the Trust and Imperial at the forefront of international research into the most challenging heart conditions. Research at the cardiovascular BRU will concentrate on increasing the understanding of poor heart function in people living with cardiomyopathy (inherited heart muscle disease), arrhythmia (irregular heart-beat), coronary heart disease and heart failure. This will be achieved by: - Faster identification of genes linked to heart disease with a view to providing more personalised treatment for patients in the future. - Improving imaging techniques to diagnose patients more accurately and monitor any changes occurring in the heart. - Conducting clinical trials to investigate new treatments or advancements to improve current medical care. - Developing new techniques such as gene therapy and stem cell therapy. In November 2011, Royal Brompton Hospital was named as one of only five hospitals in the country that will offer extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) to adults in an initiative that positions England as one of the leading countries in the world for the provision of this treatment. The other hospitals are: Guy’s & St Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust, Papworth Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust and University Hospital of South Manchester NHS Foundation Trust. Notalble physicians and nurses associated with The Brompton - James Laidlaw Maxwell, Physician - John Scott Burdon-Sanderson, Physician - R. F. Patrick Cronin Cardiologist - Sir William Fergusson, FRS, Consulting Surgeon, 1843–1876 - Malcolm Green (physician) - Sir Richard Quain, Physician, 1848–1855 - Robert Knox, Physician, 1856–1862 - Sir Joseph (later Lord) Lister, Consulting-Surgeon, 1891–1912 - Ivan Magill, anaesthetist, 1921- - David Southall paediatrician - Sir Roger Gilbert Bannister, Athlete and neurologist, Junior member of staff at the hospital - Sandy Denny, Singer, began training as a nurse, mid-1960s - Royal Brompton Website - "Britain's best hospitals: A patients' guide". Britain's best hospitals: A patients' guide (London: The Independent). 20 March 2008. - The Builder 22 Nov 1879 - The British Medical Journal 1904 - NHLI reference to Dr Paterson - British Nursing Journal, 22 July 1916 - "Trust board". Royal Brompton & Harefield NHS Foundation Trust. Retrieved 2009-09-27. - Royal Brompton confirmed as national centre - The Seven Ages of The Brompton (A Saga of a Hospital) by P. J. Bishop, B. D. B. Lucas And B. G. B Lucas. Published by the Board of Governors, Royal Brompton National Heart and Lung Hospitals, 1991. ISBN 0-9506669-3-9 - Research & Development in Royal Brompton and Harefield NHS Trust - Royal Brompton's Department of Occupational and Environmental Lung Disease - 19th Century Newspaper quotes about Brompton Consumption Hospital. - British history online entry - ECMO at Royal Brompton Hospital Legislation relating to The Brompton Hospital - Statutory Instrument 1994 No. 402 - The Royal Brompton Hospital NHS Establishment) Order 1994 - Statutory Instrument 1998 No. 783 The Dissolution of the Royal Brompton Hospital NHS Trust and the Harefield Hospital NHS Trust Order 1998
How is this a new class of attacks as of 2007? Examples of the same class were described in the security considerations of RFC 1738, from December 1994: A URL-related security threat is that it is sometimes possible to construct a URL such that an attempt to perform a harmless idempotent operation such as the retrieval of the object will in fact cause a possibly damaging remote operation to occur. The unsafe URL is typically constructed by specifying a port number other than that reserved for the network protocol in question. The client unwittingly contacts a server which is in fact running a different protocol. The content of the URL contains instructions which when interpreted according to this other protocol cause an unexpected operation. An example has been the use of gopher URLs to cause a rude message to be sent via a SMTP server. Caution should be used when using any URL which specifies a port number other than the default for the protocol, especially when it is a number within the reserved space. Care should be taken when URLs contain embedded encoded delimiters for a given protocol (for example, CR and LF characters for telnet protocols) that these are not unencoded before transmission. This would violate the protocol but could be used to simulate an extra operation or parameter, again causing an unexpected and possible harmful remote operation to be performed. This motivated restrictions on which ports can be connected to via HTTP, that are still present in current browsers (although since the restricted ports were a blacklist, it was always obvious that there was the potential for more such attacks). Also, browser support for APIs such as XMLHttpRequest has increased the degree of control that an attacker has over the carrier request, but that's not a fundamental difference. I'm not saying this class of attacks is not important, but there is no justification for describing it as newly discovered. --David-Sarah Hopwood ⚥ (talk) 04:01, 31 October 2009 (UTC)
USS Cushing (DD-376) \|\|This article's lead section may not adequately summarize key points of its contents. (August 2009)\| Cushing off the Puget Sound Navy Yard during her pre-commissioning trials period, July 1936. \|Namesake:\|\|William Barker Cushing\| \|Builder:\|\|Puget Sound Navy Yard\| \|Laid down:\|\|15 August 1934\| \|Launched:\|\|31 December 1935\| \|Commissioned:\|\|28 August 1936\| \|Fate:\|\|Sunk during enemy action on 13 November 1942.\| \|Class & type:\|\|Mahan-class destroyer\| \|Length:\|\|341 ft 4 in (104 m)\| \|Beam:\|\|35 ft (10.7 m)\| \|Draft:\|\|9 ft 10 in (2.8 m)\| \|Speed:\|\|37 knots (69 km/h)\| \|Complement:\|\|158 officers and crew\| \|Armament:\|\|5 × 5 in (127 mm), 12 × 21 in (533 mm) torpedo tubes Cushing was launched on 31 December 1935 at the Puget Sound Navy Yard and sponsored by Miss. K. A. Cushing, daughter of Commander Cushing. The ship was commissioned on 28 August 1936, with Commander E. T. Short in command and reported to the Pacific Fleet. Cushing joined the search in the Hawaiian Islands and at Howland Island, for the missing aviator Amelia Earhart from 4 to 30 July 1937, then returned to San Diego, California for training exercises, tactics, and fleet problems. Except for brief periods of training at Pearl Harbor and one cruise to the Caribbean, she cruised the west coast from San Diego for exercises and training. World War II Undergoing overhaul at Mare Island Navy Yard when the Japanese struck Pearl Harbor, Cushing sailed from San Francisco, California 17 December 1941 for convoy escort duty between the west coast and Pearl Harbor until 13 January 1942. She sailed to Midway to serve on antisubmarine patrol from 18 January to 2 February, then returned to San Francisco 19 February to screen TF 1 off the California coast in training and patrol duty. On 1 August 1942, Cushing departed San Francisco for training exercises at Pearl Harbor, then to join the operations around Guadalcanal. Constantly on the move, she escorted vital resupply convoys to the bitterly contested island, and fought in the Battle of Santa Cruz of 26 October, when an outnumbered American force turned a Japanese flotilla back from their advance toward Guadalcanal. Cushing screened transports safely into Guadalcanal 12 November 1942, and was in the van of the force that moved out to intercept the Japanese fleet in the Naval Battle of Guadalcanal on the night of 13 November 1942. As the range closed, she suddenly sighted three enemy destroyers at 3,000 yards (2,700 m). In the bitter gunfire which followed Cushing received several hits amidships, resulting in a gradual power loss, but she determinedly continued to fire her guns at the enemy, launching her torpedoes by local direction at an enemy battleship. Fires, exploding ammunition, and her inability to shoot any longer made the "abandon ship" order unavoidable at 0230. Her burning hulk was last seen from Guadalcanal at 1700 when she sank about 3,500 yards (3,200 m) southeast of Savo Island. Cushing lost about 70 men killed or missing; some men were rescued from the water, and many were wounded. Despite the loss, along with the task force, she had aided in saving Guadalcanal's Henderson Field from bombardment by the Japanese forces. Her hulk currently rests at the bottom of the waters around Savo Island, in an area around Guadalcanal known as "Ironbottom Sound." Cushing received three battle stars for World War II service. - This article incorporates text from the public domain Dictionary of American Naval Fighting Ships. The entry can be found here.
\|Born\|\|Vladimir Grigoryevich Tretchikoff December 26, 1913 Petropavl, Russia, now Kazakhstan \|Died\|\|August 26, 2006 Cape Town, South Africa \|Notable work(s)\|\|Chinese Girl; The Dying Swan; Miss Wong; Lady from Orient; Lost Orchid; Weeping Rose; Balinese Girl\| Vladimir Grigoryevich Tretchikoff (Владимир Григорьевич Трéтчиков, 26 December 1913—Old Style 13 December—in Petropavlovsk, Russian Empire, now Petropavl in Kazakhstan – 26 August 2006 in Cape Town, South Africa) was one of the most commercially successful artists of all time - his painting Chinese Girl (popularly known as "The Green Lady") is one of the best selling art prints of the twentieth century. Tretchikoff was a self-taught artist who painted realistic figures, portraits, still life and animals, with subjects often inspired by his early life in China, Singapore and Indonesia, and later life in South Africa. His work was immensely popular with the general public, but is often seen by art critics as the epitome of kitsch (indeed, he was nicknamed the "King of Kitsch"). He worked in oil, watercolour, ink, charcoal and pencil but is best known for his reproduction prints which sold worldwide in huge numbers. The reproductions were so popular that it was rumoured that Tretchikoff was the world's richest artist after Picasso. Life and career Vladimir Grigoryevich Tretchikoff was the youngest of eight children in a well-to-do family in Petropavlovsk (now Petropavl), a town in Siberia. Upon the Russian Revolution in 1917, the family abandoned their property and fled to Harbin, a city in China with a large Russian presence. Tretchikoff worked as a scene painter at the city's Russian opera house, and went to school until the age of 16. This explains why much of his later work is designed to be seen from a distance with an inherent theatricality. A year previously, he was commissioned to paint portraits for the boardroom of the Chinese-Eastern Railway, and with the money from this commission he joined the community of Shanghai Russians. In Shanghai, Tretchikoff worked as an art director and illustrator for Mercury Press, an American-owned advertising and publishing company. At the same time, he contributed cartoons to local Russian and English-language magazines. He met and married Natalie Telpougoff, a fellow Russian emigré. The couple moved to Singapore, where Tretchikoff worked for an advertising agency, gave art lessons and contributed artwork to the Straits Times. International recognition came in 1937 when he was commissioned by the head of IBM, Thomas Watson, to represent Malaya in an exhibition of international art for which he produced the painting The Last Divers. When the Second World War spread to the Pacific in 1940, Tretchikoff became a propaganda artist working for the British Ministry of Information. In February 1942, Tretchikoff was on board a ship evacuating ministry personnel to South Africa. The ship was bombed by the Japanese, and the 42 survivors rowed first to Sumatra, which they found was already occupied by the Japanese Army. They then rowed to Java, which took 19 days, only to find that it too was occupied. Tretchikoff was imprisoned in Serang (where he spent three months in solitary confinement for protesting that as a Russian citizen he ought to be set free), and then was released and spent the rest of the war on parole in Batavia, (now Jakarta), where he worked under supervision of a Japanese artist. Here he met Leonora Schmidt-Salomonson (Lenka) who became his lover and one of his most famous models. In 1946 he was reunited with his wife and their daughter Mimi in South Africa (they had been successfully evacuated on an earlier boat). He quickly became famous in South Africa thanks to a book that collected his portraits of Asian women and pictures of flowers, and held successful exhibitions in Cape Town and Johannesburg. His fame spread to the United States, where the Rosicrucians of San Jose invited him to launch an American tour. Around 57,000 people saw his show in Los Angeles and 52,000 in San Francisco. In Seattle, a rival show which included Picasso and Rothko was far less attended, to Tretchikoff’s satisfaction. Then he took his show to Canada, where he had an even bigger success. This was followed by a large exhibition in 1962 at Harrods in London where he decided that the Harrods art gallery was too small to accommodate the crowds. He requested and was granted the privilege of having his exhibition in the ground-floor exhibition space. He had more than 205,000 visitors to this exhibition,. One of his British admirers, Leslie Rigall, bought a dozen of paintings and designed his new house in Windsor Great Park around them. His famous Chinese Girl, a 1950 painting featuring Eastern model, Monika Pon-su-san, with blue-green skin, is one of the best selling prints of the twentieth century. Prints of the painting became widespread during the 1950s and 1960s, and the painting was featured in various plays and television programmes: Alfred Hitchcock's Frenzy (1972), the original set of Alfie, with a drawn moustache in one episode of Monty Python's Flying Circus and an episode of Doctor Who. Other popular paintings of oriental figures were Miss Wong, Lady from Orient and Balinese Girl. He said of British prima ballerina assoluta, Alicia Markova, who sat for The Dying Swan, that she was his most stimulating sitter. In 1973 Tretchikoff published his autobiography, Pigeon's Luck, with Anthony Hocking, an account of his wartime experiences. The book was painstakingly researched by Hocking, who contacted people in more than 21 countries. In 2013, the first complete biography of the artist, Incredible Tretchikoff by Boris Gorelik, was published in London (by Art/Books) and Cape Town (by Tafelberg). Interest in his artworks underwent a resurgence in the late 1990s as part of a revival of 1950s and 1960s retro decor. In 1998 Sotheby's of Johannesburg sold an oil-on-canvas still life for $1800, double what they expected. In 1999 Zulu Maiden was expected to fetch $1800 but went for $10,000. In October 2002 another original fetched $18,000 and in May 2008, Fruits of Bali fetched $480,000 at Stephan Welz & Co in Cape Town. The most expensive Tretchikoff painting to date is Chinese Girl which went for nearly £1,000,000 at Bonhams, London in March 2013. The previous record was Red Jacket, which fetched £337,250 in October 2012, also at Bonhams. Death and legacy He suffered a stroke in 2002 that left him unable to paint, and died on 26 August 2006 in Cape Town, his home since 1946. He was survived by his wife Natalie, his daughter Mimi (b. 1938), four granddaughters and five great-grandchildren. Natalie Tretchikoff died on July 18, 2007. The South African National Gallery never acquired an original Tretchikoff because they did not "really regard Tretchikoff as a South African artist". In Esme Berman’s definitive book on ”Art and Artists of Southern Africa” he is dismissed in little more than two lines, under the heading ”popular artists.”Tretchikoff once said that the only difference between himself and Vincent van Gogh was that Van Gogh had starved whereas he had become rich. TV personality Uri Geller is a great admirer of Tretchikoff, in spite of agreeing with critics that his is anything but great art. He wrote, "You put a brick in the Tate today and it's art. Who decided that the Green Lady is kitsch? Not the hundreds of thousands who bought it." Another admirer is fashion designer Wayne Hemingway, who compared him to Andy Warhol in his book Just Above The Mantelpiece which defends popular art. He wrote, "He achieved everything that Andy Warhol stated he wanted to do but could never achieve because of his coolness." Soon after his death the Tretchikoff Trust was established. The Trusts hosts workshops for teenagers throughout South Africa. The Trust is based on Tretchikoff's life motto "Express your passion, do whatever you love, take action, no matter what". In 2011, the first Tretchikoff retrospective was held at the South African National Gallery in Cape Town. Curated by Andrew Lamprecht, it proved to be one of the most successful shows in the gallery's history. - Boris Gorelik (2013). Incredible Tretchikoff. Art / Books. ISBN 978-1-908970-08-4. - "Tretchikoff Biography". Official web site. Retrieved 2008-07-17. - "Face to face with the woman who is Tretchi's Chinese Girl", Mail & Guardian (Johannesburg), 20 May 2011 - Pigeon's Luck, by Vladimir Tretchikoff and Anthony Hocking, ISBN 0-00-211335-X - "The Comeback King of Kitsch", Sunday Magazine (Sunday Herald Sun/Sunday Telegraph, July 13, 2003. - "Tretchikoff's Chinese Girl Makes World Record" Bonhams press release, 20 March 2013 - Red Jacket sale results at Bonhams official website - Pretoria News (South Africa) - When Jani met Tretchi janiallan.com. 17 June 2014 - "Gaze of the Green Lady" BBC New Magazine, 30 August 2006 - "King of kitsch' Tretchikoff dies" BBC New Magazine, 29 August 2006 - Watson, Helena Innes (17 July 2008). "Second wave for Tretchikoff". Cape Times. p. 9. - Boris Gorelik (2013). Incredible Tretchikoff. Art / Books. ISBN 978-1-908970-08-4. - The Sun-Herald (Sydney) - "Rich Kitsch" 26 March 2006 (Home on Sunday, pg. 8) - Art & Artists of South Africa, Esme Berman, ISBN 1-86812-345-6 - The Dictionary of South African Painters and Sculptors, Grania Oglivie, Published Everard, ISBN 0-620-12663-9 - Official Tretchikoff website - Interview with Tretchikoff's model for Chinese Girl in Mail & Guardian - Lady in Green, by Uri Geller - SABC News report on his passing - Obituary at bigshinything - Obituary in the SA Sunday Times - Obituary in the Guardian - Obituary in The New York Times - Obituary in The Washington Post - Appreciation in the Guardian - Obituary in The Times

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