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742k
Example 4 Prove: $\sin x>x-\frac{x^{3}}{6}\left(x \in\left(0, \frac{\pi}{2}\right)\right)$. $(2010$, Nankai University Mathematics Talent Class Admission Exam)
Prove that for $$ f(x)=\sin x-x+\frac{x^{3}}{6}\left(x \in\left(0, \frac{\pi}{2}\right)\right) \text {, } $$ then $f(0)=0$, $$ \begin{array}{l} f^{\prime}(x)=\cos x-1+\frac{1}{2} x^{2} \\ f^{\prime \prime}(x)=-\sin x+x>0\left(x \in\left(0, \frac{\pi}{2}\right)\right) . \end{array} $$ Thus, $f^{\prime}(x)$ is monotoni...
proof
Calculus
proof
Yes
Yes
cn_contest
false
725,127
Example 5 It is known that for any $x$, $$ a \cos x + b \cos 2x \geqslant -1 $$ always holds. Find the minimum value of $a + b$. (2009, Peking University Independent Admission Examination)
When $x=0$, $a+b \geqslant-1$. Taking $a=-\frac{4}{5}, b=-\frac{1}{5}$, then $$ \begin{array}{l} a \cos x+b \cos 2 x \\ =-\frac{2}{5}(\cos x+1)^{2}+\frac{3}{5} \\ \geqslant-\frac{2}{5}(1+1)^{2}+\frac{3}{5} \\ =-1 . \end{array} $$ Therefore, the minimum value of $a+b$ is -1.
-1
Inequalities
math-word-problem
Yes
Yes
cn_contest
false
725,128
Example 6 Find the modulus of $2+2 e^{0.4 \pi i}+e^{1.2 \pi i}$. (2009, Tsinghua University Independent Recruitment Examination)
Notice, $$ \begin{array}{l} 12+2 \mathrm{e}^{0.4 \pi \mathrm{i}}+\mathrm{e}^{1.2 \pi \mathrm{i}} \\ =\sqrt{\left(2+2 \cos \frac{2 \pi}{5}+\cos \frac{6 \pi}{5}\right)^{2}+\left(2 \sin \frac{2 \pi}{5}+\sin \frac{6 \pi}{5}\right)^{2}} \\ =\sqrt{9+8 \cos \frac{2 \pi}{5}+4 \cos \frac{6 \pi}{5}+4 \cos \frac{4 \pi}{5}} \\ =\s...
\sqrt{5}
Algebra
math-word-problem
Yes
Yes
cn_contest
false
725,129
Example 7 There are three points on the unit circle $$ A\left(x_{1}, y_{1}\right), B\left(x_{2}, y_{2}\right), C\left(x_{3}, y_{3}\right) \text {. } $$ If $x_{1}+x_{2}+x_{3}=y_{1}+y_{2}+y_{3}=0$, prove: $$ x_{1}^{2}+x_{2}^{2}+x_{3}^{2}=y_{1}^{2}+y_{2}^{2}+y_{3}^{2}=\frac{3}{2} \text {. } $$ (2011, Peking University Ad...
Let \( x_{1}=\cos \alpha, y_{1}=\sin \alpha \), \[ \begin{aligned} x_{2}=\cos \beta, y_{2}=\sin \beta, \\ x_{3}=\cos \gamma, y_{3}=\sin \gamma, \end{aligned} \] where \( 0 \leqslant \alpha<\beta<\gamma<2 \pi \). From the problem, we have \[ \begin{array}{l} -\cos \gamma=\cos \alpha+\cos \beta, \\ -\sin \gamma=\sin \alp...
proof
Algebra
proof
Yes
Yes
cn_contest
false
725,130
Example 8 Does there exist a real number $x$, such that $\tan x + \sqrt{3}$ and $\cot x + \sqrt{3}$ are both rational numbers? (2009, Peking University Independent Admission Examination)
If $\tan x + \sqrt{3}$ and $\cot x + \sqrt{3}$ are rational numbers, then there exist integers $p, q, s, t$ with $(p, q) = 1$ and $(s, t) = 1$ such that $$ \tan x + \sqrt{3} = \frac{p}{q}, \quad \cot x + \sqrt{3} = \frac{s}{t}, $$ which implies $$ \tan x = \frac{p}{q} - \sqrt{3}, \quad \cot x = \frac{s}{t} - \sqrt{3}. ...
proof
Algebra
math-word-problem
Yes
Yes
cn_contest
false
725,131
Find all ordered triples $(x, y, z)$ such that $x, y, z \in Q_{+}$, and $x+\frac{1}{y}$, $y+\frac{1}{z}$, $z+\frac{1}{x}$ are all integers. (2010, International Invitational Competition for Young Mathematicians in Cities)
Let $x=\frac{a}{b}, y=\frac{b}{c}, z=\frac{c}{a}\left(a, b, c \in \mathbf{N}_{+}\right)$. (1) If $a=b=c$, then $$ (x, y, z)=(1,1,1). $$ (2) If $a, b, c$ are exactly two equal, without loss of generality, let $a=b$. Then $$ \begin{array}{l} x+\frac{1}{y}=1+\frac{c}{a}, y+\frac{1}{z}=\frac{2 a}{c}, \\ z+\frac{1}{x}=\frac...
(1,1,1),\left(1, \frac{1}{2}, 2\right),\left(\frac{3}{2}, 2, \frac{1}{3}\right),\left(3, \frac{1}{2}, \frac{2}{3}\right)
Algebra
math-word-problem
Yes
Yes
cn_contest
false
725,132
Example 4 The equation about $x, y$ $$ x^{2}+x y+2 y^{2}=29 $$ has ( ) groups of integer solutions $(x, y)$. (A) 2 (B) 3 (C) 4 (D) infinitely many (2009, "Mathematics Weekly" Cup National Junior High School Mathematics Competition)
The original equation can be regarded as a quadratic equation in $x$, which can be transformed into $$ x^{2}+y x+\left(2 y^{2}-29\right)=0 \text {. } $$ Since the equation has integer roots, $\Delta \geqslant 0$, and it must be a perfect square. From $\Delta=y^{2}-4\left(2 y^{2}-29\right)=-7 y^{2}+116 \geqslant 0$, s...
C
Algebra
MCQ
Yes
Yes
cn_contest
false
725,133
1. A. The positions of real numbers $a$, $b$, and $c$ on the number line are shown in Figure 1. Figure 1 Then the algebraic expression $$ \sqrt{a^{2}}-|a+b|+\sqrt{(c-a)^{2}}+|b+c| $$ can be simplified to ( ). (A) $2 c-a$ (B) $2 a-2 b$ (C) $-a$ (D) $a$
- 1. A. C. From the positions of real numbers $a$, $b$, $c$ on the number line, we know $$ \begin{array}{l} bc . \\ \text { Then } \sqrt{a^{2}}-|a+b|+\sqrt{(c-a)^{2}}+|b+c| \\ =-a+(a+b)+(c-a)-(b+c) \\ =-a . \end{array} $$
C
Algebra
MCQ
Yes
Yes
cn_contest
false
725,134
B. If $a=-2+\sqrt{2}$, then the value of $1+\frac{1}{2+\frac{1}{3+a}}$ is ( ). (A) $-\sqrt{2}$ (B) $\sqrt{2}$ (C) 2 (D) $2 \sqrt{2}$
B. B. Notice, $$ \begin{array}{l} 1+\frac{1}{2+\frac{1}{3+a}}=1+\frac{1}{2+\frac{1}{1+\sqrt{2}}} \\ =1+\frac{1}{2+\sqrt{2}-1}=1+\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}+1}=\sqrt{2} . \end{array} $$
B
Algebra
MCQ
Yes
Yes
cn_contest
false
725,135
2. A. If the graph of the direct proportion function $y=a x(a \neq 0)$ and the graph of the inverse proportion function $y=\frac{b}{x}(b \neq 0)$ intersect at two points, and one of the intersection points has coordinates $(-3,-2)$, then the coordinates of the other intersection point are ( ). (A) $(2,3)$ (B) $(3,-2)$ ...
2. A. D. From $-2=a(-3),(-3)(-2)=b$, we get $a=\frac{2}{3}, b=6$. Solving the system of equations $\left\{\begin{array}{l}y=\frac{2}{3} x, \\ y=\frac{6}{x},\end{array}\right.$ we get $$ \left\{\begin{array} { l } { x = - 3 , } \\ { y = - 2 ; } \end{array} \quad \left\{\begin{array}{l} x=3 \\ y=2 \end{array}\right.\r...
D
Algebra
MCQ
Yes
Yes
cn_contest
false
725,136
B. In the Cartesian coordinate system $x O y$, the number of integer point coordinates $(x, y)$ that satisfy the inequality $x^{2}+y^{2} \leqslant 2 x+2 y$ is ( ). (A) 10 (B) 9 (C) 7 (D) 5
B. B. From $x^{2}+y^{2} \leqslant 2 x+2 y$, we get $$ 0 \leqslant(x-1)^{2}+(y-1)^{2} \leqslant 2 \text {. } $$ Since $x$ and $y$ are both integers, we have $$ \begin{array}{l} \left\{\begin{array} { l } { ( x - 1 ) ^ { 2 } = 0 , } \\ { ( y - 1 ) ^ { 2 } = 0 ; } \end{array} \left\{\begin{array}{l} (x-1)^{2}=0, \\ (y-...
B
Geometry
MCQ
Yes
Yes
cn_contest
false
725,137
3. A. If $a, b$ are given real numbers, and $1<a<b$, then the absolute value of the difference between the average and the median of the four numbers $1, a+1, 2a+b, a+b+1$ is ( ). (A) 1 (B) $\frac{2a-1}{4}$ (C) $\frac{1}{2}$ (D) $\frac{1}{4}$
3. A. D. From the given, we know $$ 1<a+1<a+b+1<2 a+b . $$ Therefore, the average of the four data points is $$ \begin{array}{l} \frac{1+(a+1)+(a+b+1)+(2 a+b)}{4} \\ =\frac{3+4 a+2 b}{4}, \end{array} $$ The median is $$ \begin{array}{l} \frac{(a+1)+(a+b+1)}{2}=\frac{4+4 a+2 b}{4} . \\ \text { Then } \frac{4+4 a+2 b}...
D
Algebra
MCQ
Yes
Yes
cn_contest
false
725,138
B. As shown in Figure 2, in quadrilateral $A B C D$, $A C$ and $B D$ are diagonals, $\triangle A B C$ is an equilateral triangle, $\angle A D C=$ $30^{\circ}, A D=3, B D=5$. Then the length of $C D$ is ( ). (A) $3 \sqrt{2}$ (B) 4 (C) $2 \sqrt{5}$ (D) 4.5
B. B. As shown in Figure 10, construct an equilateral $\triangle CDE$ with $CD$ as a side, and connect $AE$. $$ \begin{aligned} & \text{Given } AC=BC, \\ & CD=CE, \\ & \angle BCD \\ = & \angle BCA + \angle ACD \\ = & \angle DCE + \angle ACD = \angle ACE, \end{aligned} $$ we know that $\triangle BCD \cong \triangle AC...
B
Geometry
MCQ
Yes
Yes
cn_contest
false
725,139
4. A. Xiao Qian and Xiao Ling each have several RMB notes with integer yuan denominations. Xiao Qian says to Xiao Ling: "If you give me 2 yuan, my money will be $n$ times yours"; Xiao Ling says to Xiao Qian: "If you give me $n$ yuan, my money will be 2 times yours", where $n$ is a positive integer. Then the number of p...
4. A. D. Let the amount of money Xiaolian has be $x$ yuan, and the amount of money Xiaoling has be $y$ yuan, where $x$ and $y$ are non-negative integers. From the problem, we have $$ \left\{\begin{array}{l} x+2=n(y-2), \\ y+n=2(x-n) . \end{array}\right. $$ Eliminating $x$, we get $$ \begin{array}{l} (2 y-7) n=y+4 \\ ...
D
Algebra
MCQ
Yes
Yes
cn_contest
false
725,140
B. If the equation about $x$ $x^{2}-p x-q=0$ ( $p, q$ are positive integers) has a positive root less than 3, then the number of such equations is ( ). (A) 5 (B) 6 (C) 7 (D) 8
B. C. From the relationship between the roots and coefficients of a quadratic equation, we know that the product of the two roots is $-q0$. Therefore, $3^{2}-3 p-q>0 \Rightarrow 3 p+q<9$. Since $p, q$ are both positive integers, we have $p=1,1 \leqslant q \leqslant 5$; or $p=2,1 \leqslant q \leqslant 2$. Thus, there a...
C
Algebra
MCQ
Yes
Yes
cn_contest
false
725,141
5. A. A fair cube die has the numbers $1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6$ on its six faces. When the die is rolled twice, let the remainders when the sum of the numbers on the top faces is divided by 4 be $0, 1, 2, 3$ with probabilities $P_{0}, P_{1}, P_{2}, P_{3}$, respectively. Then the largest among $P_{0}, P_{1}, P_{2}, P_{3}$ is $...
5. A. D. Rolling a die twice, the ordered pairs formed by the numbers on the two faces up total 36, and the remainders when their sums are divided by 4 are $0, 1, 2, 3$, with 9, 8, 9, and 10 ordered pairs respectively. Thus, $$ P_{0}=\frac{9}{36}, P_{1}=\frac{8}{36}, P_{2}=\frac{9}{36}, P_{3}=\frac{10}{36} . $$ There...
D
Combinatorics
MCQ
Yes
Yes
cn_contest
false
725,142
B. On the blackboard, there are $$ 1, \frac{1}{2}, \cdots, \frac{1}{100} $$ a total of 100 numbers. Each operation involves selecting two numbers $a$ and $b$ from the numbers on the blackboard, then deleting $a$ and $b$, and writing the number $a+b+a b$ on the blackboard. After 99 operations, the number left on the bl...
B. C. Since $a+b+a b+1=(a+1)(b+1)$, the product of each number on the blackboard plus 1 remains unchanged before and after each operation. Let the number left on the blackboard after 99 operations be $x$. Then $$ \begin{array}{l} x+1=(1+1)\left(\frac{1}{2}+1\right) \cdots \cdots\left(\frac{1}{100}+1\right) \\ =101 \\...
C
Algebra
MCQ
Yes
Yes
cn_contest
false
725,143
Example 5 When $x \leqslant y \leqslant z$, find the positive integer solutions of the equation $$ \frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}=\frac{7}{8} $$ (2007, Taiyuan Junior High School Mathematics Competition)
Given $x>0$, and $x \leqslant y \leqslant z$, we know $\frac{1}{x} \geqslant \frac{1}{y} \geqslant \frac{1}{z}>0$. Therefore, $\frac{1}{x}<\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z} \leqslant \frac{3}{x}$. Thus, $\frac{1}{x}<\frac{7}{8} \leqslant \frac{3}{x}$. Solving this, we get $\frac{8}{7}<x \leqslant \frac{24}{7}$. There...
(2,3,24) \text{ and } (2,4,8)
Number Theory
math-word-problem
Yes
Yes
cn_contest
false
725,144
B. If $a, b, c$ are positive numbers, and satisfy $$ \begin{array}{c} a+b+c=9, \\ \frac{1}{a+b}+\frac{1}{b+c}+\frac{1}{c+a}=\frac{10}{9}, \\ \text { then } \frac{a}{b+c}+\frac{b}{c+a}+\frac{c}{a+b}= \end{array} $$
B. 7 . From the given information, we have $$ \begin{array}{l} \frac{a}{b+c}+\frac{b}{c+a}+\frac{c}{a+b} \\ =\frac{9-b-c}{b+c}+\frac{9-c-a}{c+a}+\frac{9-a-b}{a+b} \\ =\frac{9}{b+c}+\frac{9}{c+a}+\frac{9}{a+b}-3 \\ =9 \times \frac{10}{9}-3=7 . \end{array} $$
7
Algebra
math-word-problem
Yes
Yes
cn_contest
false
725,146
7. A. As shown in Figure 4, the side length of square $ABCD$ is $2 \sqrt{15}, E, F$ are the midpoints of sides $AB, BC$ respectively, $AF$ intersects $DE, DB$ at points $M, N$. Then the area of $\triangle DMN$ is $\qquad$.
7. A. 8 . Connect $D F$. Let the side length of the square $A B C D$ be $2 a$. From the problem, we easily know $$ \begin{array}{l} \triangle B F N \backsim \triangle D A N \\ \Rightarrow \frac{A D}{B F}=\frac{A N}{N F}=\frac{D N}{B N}=\frac{2}{1} \\ \Rightarrow A N=2 N F \Rightarrow A N=\frac{2}{3} A F . \end{array} ...
8
Geometry
math-word-problem
Yes
Yes
cn_contest
false
725,147
B. As shown in Figure $5, \odot O$ has a radius of $20, A$ is a point on $\odot O$. A rectangle $O B A C$ is constructed with $O A$ as the diagonal, and $O C=$ 12. Extend $B C$ to intersect $\odot O$ at points $D$ and $E$, then $C E-B D$ $=$ . $\qquad$
B. $\frac{28}{5}$. Let the midpoint of $D E$ be $M$, and connect $O M$. Then $O M \perp D E$. Since $O B=\sqrt{20^{2}-12^{2}}=16$, we have, $$ \begin{array}{l} O M=\frac{O B \cdot O C}{B C}=\frac{16 \times 12}{20}=\frac{48}{5}, \\ C M=\sqrt{O C^{2}-O M^{2}}=\frac{36}{5}, B M=\frac{64}{5} . \end{array} $$ Therefore, ...
\frac{28}{5}
Geometry
math-word-problem
Yes
Yes
cn_contest
false
725,148
8. A. If the equation with respect to $x$ $$ x^{2}+k x+\frac{3}{4} k^{2}-3 k+\frac{9}{2}=0 $$ has two real roots $x_{1}$ and $x_{2}$, then $\frac{x_{1}^{2011}}{x_{2}^{2012}}=$
8. A. $-\frac{2}{3}$. From the problem, we have $$ \begin{array}{l} \Delta=k^{2}-4\left(\frac{3}{4} k^{2}-3 k+\frac{9}{2}\right) \geqslant 0 \\ \Rightarrow(k-3)^{2} \leqslant 0 . \\ \text { Also, } (k-3)^{2} \geqslant 0, \text { so } \\ (k-3)^{2}=0 \Rightarrow k=3 . \end{array} $$ At this point, the equation is $x^{2...
-\frac{2}{3}
Algebra
math-word-problem
Yes
Yes
cn_contest
false
725,149
B. Let $n$ be an integer, and $1 \leqslant n \leqslant 2012$. If $\left(n^{2}-n+3\right)\left(n^{2}+n+3\right)$ is divisible by 5, then the number of all $n$ is $\qquad$.
B. 1610. Notice, $$ \begin{array}{l} \left(n^{2}-n+3\right)\left(n^{2}+n+3\right) \\ =n^{4}+5 n^{2}+9 \\ =(n-1)(n+1)\left(n^{2}+1\right)+5 n^{2}+10 . \end{array} $$ When $n$ is divided by 5, the remainder is 1 or 4, then $n-1$ or $n+1$ is divisible by 5, so $$ 51\left(n^{2}-n+3\right)\left(n^{2}+n+3\right) \text {; }...
1610
Number Theory
math-word-problem
Yes
Yes
cn_contest
false
725,150
9. A. 2 eighth-grade students and $m$ ninth-grade students participate in a single round-robin chess tournament, where each participant plays against every other participant exactly once. The scoring rule is: the winner of each match gets 3 points, the loser gets 0 points, and in the case of a draw, both players get 1 ...
9. A. 8 . Let the number of draws be $a$, and the number of wins (losses) be $b$. From the problem, we know $$ 2 a+3 b=130 \text {. } $$ This gives $0 \leqslant b \leqslant 43$. Also, $a+b=\frac{(m+1)(m+2)}{2}$ $$ \Rightarrow 2 a+2 b=(m+1)(m+2) \text {. } $$ Thus, $0 \leqslant b=130-(m+1)(m+2) \leqslant 43$. Therefo...
8
Combinatorics
math-word-problem
Yes
Yes
cn_contest
false
725,151
B. If positive numbers $x, y, z$ can be the lengths of the three sides of a triangle, then $(x, y, z)$ is called a "triangle number". If $(a, b, c)$ and $\left(\frac{1}{a}, \frac{1}{b}, \frac{1}{c}\right)$ are both triangle numbers, and $a \leqslant b \leqslant c$, then the range of $\frac{a}{c}$ is $\qquad$.
B. $\frac{3-\sqrt{5}}{2}c \\ \frac{1}{c}+\frac{1}{b}>\frac{1}{a} \end{array}\right. \\ \Rightarrow \frac{1}{c}+\frac{1}{c-a}>\frac{1}{c}+\frac{1}{b}>\frac{1}{a} \\ \Rightarrow \frac{1}{c}+\frac{1}{c-a}>\frac{1}{a} \\ \Rightarrow\left(\frac{a}{c}\right)^{2}-3\left(\frac{a}{c}\right)+1<0 \\ \Rightarrow \frac{3-\sqrt{5}}{...
\frac{3-\sqrt{5}}{2}<\frac{a}{c} \leqslant 1
Geometry
math-word-problem
Yes
Yes
cn_contest
false
725,152
10. A. As shown in Figure 6, quadrilateral $ABCD$ is inscribed in $\odot O$, $AB$ is the diameter, $AD=DC$, $BA$ and $CD$ are extended to intersect at point $E$, $BF \perp EC$ is drawn and intersects the extension of $EC$ at point $F$. If $AE=AO, BC=6$, then the length of $CF$ is $\qquad$
10. A. $\frac{3 \sqrt{2}}{2}$. As shown in Figure 11, connect $A C$, $B D$, and $O D$. Since $A B$ is the diameter of $\odot O$, we have $$ \angle B C A = \angle B D A = 90^{\circ}. $$ From the given conditions, $\angle B C F = \angle B A D$. Thus, Rt $\triangle B C F \backsim$ Rt $\triangle B A D$ $$ \Rightarrow \fr...
\frac{3 \sqrt{2}}{2}
Geometry
math-word-problem
Yes
Yes
cn_contest
false
725,153
B. Given that $n$ is even, and $1 \leqslant n \leqslant 100$. If there is a unique pair of positive integers $(a, b)$ such that $a^{2}=b^{2}+n$ holds, then the number of such $n$ is
B. 12. From the given, we have $(a-b)(a+b)=n$, and $n$ is even, so $a-b$ and $a+b$ are both even. Therefore, $n$ is a multiple of 4. Let $n=4m$. Then $1 \leqslant m \leqslant 25$. (1) If $m=1$, we get $b=0$, which contradicts that $b$ is a positive integer. (2) If $m$ has at least two different prime factors, then the...
12
Number Theory
math-word-problem
Yes
Yes
cn_contest
false
725,154
Example 6 On the equation about $m$ and $n$ $$ 5 m^{2}-6 m n+7 n^{2}=2011 $$ Does there exist an integer solution? If it exists, please write down one solution; if not, please explain the reason. (2011, Beijing Middle School Mathematics Competition (Grade 8))
No solution exists. (1) If $m$ and $n$ have the same parity, then the left side of the given equation is even, which cannot equal 2011. (2) If $m$ and $n$ have different parities, then $m+n$ and $m-n$ are both odd, and the original equation can be rewritten as $$ 4(m-n)^{2}+(m+n)^{2}+2 n^{2}=2011. $$ We will discuss t...
proof
Number Theory
math-word-problem
Yes
Yes
cn_contest
false
725,155
B. As shown in Figure 7, in the Cartesian coordinate system $x O y$, $$ \begin{array}{l} A O=8, A B=A C, \\ \sin \angle A B C=\frac{4}{5} \end{array} $$ $C D$ intersects the $y$-axis at $E$, and $S_{\triangle C O E}=S_{\triangle A D E}$. It is known that the image passing through points $B$, $C$, and $E$ is a parabola....
B. From $\sin \angle A B C=\frac{A O}{A B}=\frac{4}{5}, A O=8$, we get $A B=10$. By the Pythagorean theorem, $B O=\sqrt{A B^{2}-A O^{2}}=6$. Thus, $\triangle A B O \cong \triangle A C O$ $\Rightarrow C O=B O=6$. Therefore, $A(0,-8), B(6,0), C(-6,0)$. Let point $D(m, n)$. From $S_{\triangle C O E}=S_{\triangle A D E}$ $...
y=\frac{2}{27} x^{2}-\frac{8}{3}
Geometry
math-word-problem
Yes
Yes
cn_contest
false
725,157
12. A. As shown in Figure $8, \odot O$ has a diameter $A B, \odot O_{1}$ passes through point $O$, and is internally tangent to $\odot O$ at point $B, C$ is a point on $\odot O$, $O C$ intersects $\odot O_{1}$ at point $D$, and $O D > C D$, point $E$ is on $O D$ and $$ D C = D E, B E $$ is extended to intersect $\odo...
12. A. As shown in Figure 12, connect $B D$. Since $O B$ is the diameter of $\odot O_{1}$, we have $$ \angle O D B=90^{\circ} \text {. } $$ Since $D C=D E$, $\triangle C B E$ is an isosceles triangle. Let $B C$ intersect $\odot O_{1}$ at point $M$, and connect $O M$. Then $$ \angle O M B=90^{\circ} \text {. } $$ Sinc...
proof
Geometry
proof
Yes
Yes
cn_contest
false
725,158
B. As shown in Figure 9, in the cyclic quadrilateral $ABCD$ inscribed in $\odot O$, $AC$ and $BD$ are its diagonals, and the midpoint $I$ of $AC$ is the incenter of $\triangle ABD$. Prove: (1.) $OI$ is the tangent to the circumcircle of $\triangle IBD$; $$ \begin{array}{l} \text { (2) } AB + AD \\ = 2BD \text {. } \end...
B. (1) As shown in Figure 13. By the properties of the incenter of a triangle and the angles subtended by the same arc, we have $$ \angle C I D=\frac{\angle B A D}{2}+\frac{\angle B D A}{2}=\angle C D I . $$ Therefore, $C I=C D$. Similarly, $C I=C B$. Hence, $C$ is the circumcenter of $\triangle I B D$. Connect $O A$...
proof
Geometry
proof
Yes
Yes
cn_contest
false
725,159
13. A. Given integers $a, b$ satisfy $a-b$ is a prime number, and $ab$ is a perfect square. When $a \geqslant 2012$, find the minimum value of $a$.
13. A. Let $a-b=m$ (where $m$ is a prime number), and $ab=n^2$ (where $n$ is a non-negative integer). When $b \neq 0$, $$ \begin{array}{l} \text { From }(a+b)^{2}-4ab=(a-b)^{2} \\ \Rightarrow(2a-m)^{2}-4n^{2}=m^{2} \\ \Rightarrow(2a-m+2n)(2a-m-2n)=m^{2} . \end{array} $$ Since $2a-m+2n$ and $2a-m-2n$ are both positive ...
2017
Number Theory
math-word-problem
Yes
Yes
cn_contest
false
725,160
B. In a convex $n$-sided polygon, what is the maximum number of interior angles that can be $150^{\circ}$? Explain your reasoning.
B. Suppose in a convex $n$-sided polygon, there are $k$ interior angles equal to $150^{\circ}$. Then there are $n-k$ interior angles not equal to $150^{\circ}$. (1) If $k=n$, then $$ n \times 150^{\circ}=(n-2) \times 180^{\circ}, $$ we get $n=12$. Thus, in a regular dodecagon, all 12 interior angles are $150^{\circ}$....
12
Geometry
math-word-problem
Yes
Yes
cn_contest
false
725,161
14. A. Find all positive integers $n$, such that there exist positive integers $x_{1}, x_{2}, \cdots, x_{2012}$, satisfying $$ x_{1}<x_{2}<\cdots<x_{2012} \text {, } $$ and $\frac{1}{x_{1}}+\frac{2}{x_{2}}+\cdots+\frac{2012}{x_{2012}}=n$.
14. A. Since $x_{1}, x_{2}, \cdots, x_{2012}$ are all positive integers, and $x_{1}<x_{2}<\cdots<x_{2012}$, we have $$ x_{1} \geqslant 1, x_{2} \geqslant 2, \cdots, x_{2012} \geqslant 2012 . $$ Then $n=\frac{1}{x_{1}}+\frac{2}{x_{2}}+\cdots+\frac{2012}{x_{2012}}$ $$ \begin{array}{l} \leqslant \frac{1}{1}+\frac{2}{2}+\...
1,2, \cdots, 2012
Number Theory
math-word-problem
Yes
Yes
cn_contest
false
725,162
B. Divide $2,3, \cdots, n(n \geqslant 2)$ into two groups arbitrarily. If it is always possible to find numbers $a, b, c$ (which can be the same) in one of the groups such that $a^{b}=c$, find the minimum value of $n$.
B. When $n=2^{16}-1$, divide $2,3, \cdots, n$ into the following two arrays: $$ \begin{array}{l} \left\{2,3,2^{8}, 2^{8}+1, \cdots, 2^{16}-1\right\}, \\ \left\{4,5, \cdots, 2^{8}-1\right\} . \end{array} $$ In the first array, by $$ 3^{3}2^{16}-1 \text {, } $$ we know that there do not exist numbers $a, b, c$ such tha...
2^{16}
Number Theory
math-word-problem
Yes
Yes
cn_contest
false
725,163
Example 7 On the equation about $x, y$ $$ x^{2}+y^{2}=208(x-y) $$ all positive integer solutions are $\qquad$ (2008, "Mathematics Weekly" Cup National Junior High School Mathematics Competition)
Since 208 is a multiple of 4, the square of an even number is divisible by 4 with a remainder of 0, and the square of an odd number is divisible by 4 with a remainder of 1, therefore, \(x\) and \(y\) are both even. Let \(x = 2a, y = 2b\). Then \(a^2 + b^2 = 104(a - b)\). Similarly, \(a\) and \(b\) are both even. Let \(...
s = 20, t = 6
Number Theory
math-word-problem
Yes
Yes
cn_contest
false
725,166
5. If for any $x \in \mathbf{R}$, the inequality $|x| \geqslant 4 a x$ always holds, then the range of real number $a$ is ( ). (A) $a<-\frac{1}{4}$ (B) $|a| \leqslant \frac{1}{4}$ (C) $|a|<\frac{1}{4}$ (D) $a \geqslant \frac{1}{4}$
5. B Translate the text above into English, please retain the original text's line breaks and format, and output the translation result directly.
null
Inequalities
MCQ
Yes
Yes
cn_contest
false
725,169
6. Given three different planes $\alpha, \beta, \gamma$ and two non-coincident lines $m, n$, there are the following 4 propositions: (1) $m / / \alpha, \alpha \cap \beta=n$, then $m / / n$; (2) $m \perp \alpha, m / / n, n \subset \beta$, then $\alpha \perp \beta$; (3) $\alpha \perp \beta, \gamma \perp \beta$, then $\al...
6. A
A
Geometry
MCQ
Yes
Yes
cn_contest
false
725,170
8. Function $$ f(x)=\left\{\begin{array}{ll} \sin \pi x^{2}, & -1<x<0 ; \\ \mathrm{e}^{x-1}, & x \geqslant 0 \end{array}\right. $$ satisfies $f(1)+f(a)=2$. Then the possible values of $a$ are ( ). (A) 1 or $-\frac{\sqrt{2}}{2}$ (B) $-\frac{\sqrt{2}}{2}$ (C) 1 (D) 1 or $\frac{\sqrt{2}}{2}$
8. A
A
Algebra
MCQ
Yes
Yes
cn_contest
false
725,172
Example 8 Let $a$ be a prime number, $b$ be a positive integer, and $9(2 a+b)^{2}=509(4 a+511 b)$. Find the values of $a$ and $b$. (2008, National Junior High School Mathematics Competition)
The original equation can be transformed into $$ \left(\frac{6 a+3 b}{509}\right)^{2}=\frac{4 a+511 b}{509} \text {. } $$ Let $m=\frac{6 a+3 b}{509}, n=\frac{4 a+511 b}{509}$. Then $3 n-511 m+6 a=0$. Also, $n=m^{2}$, so $$ 3 m^{2}-511 m+6 a=0 \text {. } $$ From the original equation, we know that $(2 a+b)^{2}$ is div...
a=251, b=7
Number Theory
math-word-problem
Yes
Yes
cn_contest
false
725,176
17. (10 points) Given the quadratic function $$ f(x)=x^{2}-t x+t(t \in \mathbf{R}) $$ satisfies: (1) The solution set of the inequality $f(x) \leqslant 0$ has exactly one element; $\square$ (2) If $0<x_{2}<x_{1}$, the inequality $f\left(x_{2}\right)<$ $f\left(x_{1}\right)$ always holds. Let the sequence $\left\{a_{n}\...
Three, 17. (1) From condition (1), we have $\Delta=t^{2}-4 t=0 \Rightarrow t=0$ or 4. From condition (2), we know that $f(x)$ is an increasing function on $(0,+\infty)$. Therefore, $$ t=0, f(x)=x^{2}, S_{n}=f(n)=n^{2}. $$ Thus, $a_{n}=S_{n}-S_{n-1}=2 n-1(n \geqslant 2)$. Also, $a_{1}=1$ fits, so $a_{n}=2 n-1$. (2) Not...
\frac{1}{3}
Algebra
math-word-problem
Yes
Yes
cn_contest
false
725,181
18. (12 points) In $\triangle A B C$, $a$, $b$, and $c$ are the sides opposite to the interior angles $\angle A$, $\angle B$, and $\angle C$, respectively, and satisfy $\sin A+\sqrt{3} \cos A=2$. (1) Find the size of $\angle A$; (2) Now, three conditions are given: (1) $a=2$,(2) $\angle B=45^{\circ}$,(3) $c=\sqrt{3} b$...
18. (1) According to the problem, we have $$ \sin \left(A+\frac{\pi}{3}\right)=1 $$ Since $0<\angle A<\pi$, therefore, $\angle A=\frac{\pi}{6}$. (2) Scheme 1 selects conditions (1) and (2). From $\frac{a}{\sin A}=\frac{b}{\sin B} \Rightarrow b=2 \sqrt{2}$. Also, $\sin C=\sin (A+B)$ $=\sin A \cdot \cos B+\cos A \cdot ...
\sqrt{3}+1
Geometry
math-word-problem
Yes
Yes
cn_contest
false
725,182
19. (12 points) A head teacher conducted a survey on the learning enthusiasm and attitude towards class work of 50 students in the class. The statistical data is shown in Table 1. Table 1 \begin{tabular}{|c|c|c|c|} \hline & \begin{tabular}{l} Actively Participate in \\ Class Work \end{tabular} & \begin{tabular}{l} N...
19. (1) $\frac{11}{25} ; \frac{2}{5}$. $$ \begin{array}{l} \text { (2) Since } k^{2}=\frac{n(a d-b c)^{2}}{(a+b)(c+d)(a+c)(b+d)} \\ =\frac{50(17 \times 20-5 \times 8)^{2}}{25 \times 25 \times 22 \times 28}=11.688, \\ P\left(k^{2} \geqslant k_{0}\right)=0.001, \end{array} $$ Therefore, there is a $99.9\%$ confidence th...
11.688
Other
math-word-problem
Yes
Yes
cn_contest
false
725,183
20. (12 points) In the geometric body shown in Figure 1, $E A \perp$ plane $A B C, D B \perp$ plane $A B C, A C \perp B C$, and $B C$ $=B D=\frac{3}{2} A E=a, A C=$ $\sqrt{2} a, A M=2 M B$. (1) Prove: $C M \perp E M$; (2) Find the angle between line $C D$ and plane $M C E$.
20. (1) It is easy to know, $A B=\sqrt{3} a$. Draw $C M^{\prime} \perp A B$ intersecting $A B$ at point $M^{\prime}$. Then $B C^{2}=B M^{\prime} \cdot B A \Rightarrow B M^{\prime}=\frac{\sqrt{3}}{3} a$. Thus, $A M^{\prime}=2 M^{\prime} B$, which means point $M$ coincides with $M^{\prime}$. Hence, $C M \perp A B$. Sinc...
\arcsin \frac{\sqrt{6}}{3}
Geometry
proof
Yes
Yes
cn_contest
false
725,184
21. (12 points) Given two moving points $A$ and $B$, and a fixed point $M\left(x_{0}, y_{0}\right)$, all on the parabola $y^{2}=2 p x (p>0)$ ($A$ and $B$ do not coincide with $M$). Let $F$ be the focus of the parabola, and $Q$ be a point on the axis of symmetry. It is given that $\left(\overrightarrow{Q A}+\frac{1}{2} ...
21. (1) Let $A\left(x_{1}, y_{1}\right), B\left(x_{2}, y_{2}\right), Q(a, 0)$. Then, from $|\overrightarrow{F A}|, |\overrightarrow{F M}|, |\overrightarrow{F B}|$ forming an arithmetic sequence, we get $x_{0}=\frac{x_{1}+x_{2}}{2}$. And $y_{1}^{2}=2 p x_{1}$, $y_{2}^{2}=2 p x_{2}$. (1) - (2) gives $\frac{y_{1}-y_{2}}{x...
(0,10]
Geometry
math-word-problem
Yes
Yes
cn_contest
false
725,185
22. (12 points) Function $$ f(x)=a \ln x+1(a>0) \text {. } $$ (1) Prove: $f(x)-1 \geqslant a\left(1-\frac{1}{x}\right)$; (2) On the interval $(1, \mathrm{e})$, $f(x)>x$ always holds, find the range of the real number $a$; (3) When $a=\frac{1}{2}$, prove: $$ \sum_{k=2}^{n+1} f(k)>2(n+1-\sqrt{n+1}) . $$
22. (1) Let $g(x)=\ln x-1+\frac{1}{x}$. Then $$ g^{\prime}(x)=\frac{1}{x}-\frac{1}{x^{2}} \text {. } $$ By $g^{\prime}(x)=0$, we get $x=1$. Thus, $g(x)$ is decreasing on $(0,1)$ and increasing on $(1,+\infty)$. (Continued from page 32) Therefore, the minimum value of $g(x)$ is $g(1)=0$. Hence, $f(x)-1 \geqslant a\left...
proof
Inequalities
proof
Yes
Yes
cn_contest
false
725,186
Example 1 Let $p$ be a prime. If there exists a positive integer $n$, such that $p \|\left(2^{n}-1\right)$, prove: $$ p \|\left(2^{p-1}-1\right) . $$
Notice, $$ (p-1, p)=1, p \|\left(2^{n}-1\right) \text {. } $$ By the lemma, we have $$ \begin{array}{l} p \|\left[2^{n(p-1)}-1\right] \\ \Rightarrow p \|\left[\left(2^{p-1}\right)^{n}-1\right] . \end{array} $$ Therefore, the number of factors of $p$ in $2^{p-1}-1$ is at most 1. And by Fermat's Little Theorem, we know...
proof
Number Theory
proof
Yes
Yes
cn_contest
false
725,187
1. Let the sequence $\left\{a_{n}\right\}$ satisfy $$ \begin{array}{l} a_{1}=1, a_{2}=4, a_{3}=9, \\ a_{n}=a_{n-1}+a_{n-2}-a_{n-3}(n=4,5, \cdots) . \end{array} $$ Then $a_{2011}=$
$-、 1.8041$. From the problem, we have $$ a_{2}-a_{1}=3, a_{3}-a_{2}=5 \text {, } $$ and $a_{n}-a_{n-1}=a_{n-2}-a_{n-3}(n \geqslant 4)$. Thus, $a_{2 n}-a_{2 n-1}=3, a_{2 n+1}-a_{2 n}=5\left(n \in \mathbf{N}_{+}\right)$. Therefore, $a_{2 n+1}-a_{2 n-1}=8$. Hence, $a_{2011}=\sum_{k=1}^{1005}\left(a_{2 k+1}-a_{2 k-1}\rig...
8041
Algebra
math-word-problem
Yes
Yes
cn_contest
false
725,188
2. The inequality $$ \sin ^{2} x+a \cos x+a^{2} \geqslant 1+\cos x $$ holds for all $x \in \mathbf{R}$. Then the range of the real number $a$ is $\qquad$ .
2. $a \geqslant 1$ or $a \leqslant-2$. From the problem, we have $$ \cos ^{2} x+(1-a) \cos x-a^{2} \leqslant 0 $$ for any $x \in \mathbf{R}$. $$ \begin{array}{l} \text { Let } f(t)=t^{2}+(1-a) t-a^{2}(-1 \leqslant t=\cos x \leqslant 1) . \\ \text { Then }\left\{\begin{array}{l} f(1) \leqslant 0, \\ f(-1) \leqslant 0 ...
a \geqslant 1 \text{ or } a \leqslant -2
Inequalities
math-word-problem
Yes
Yes
cn_contest
false
725,189
3. Given a function $f(n)$ defined on the set of positive integers satisfies the conditions: (1) $f(m+n)=f(m)+f(n)+m n\left(m, n \in \mathbf{N}_{+}\right)$; (2) $f(3)=6$. Then $f(2011)=$ . $\qquad$
3.2023066. In condition (1), let $n=1$ to get $$ f(m+1)=f(m)+f(1)+m \text {. } $$ Let $m=n=1$ to get $$ f(2)=2 f(1)+1 \text {. } $$ Let $m=2, n=1$, and use condition (2) to get $$ 6=f(3)=f(2)+f(1)+2 \text {. } $$ From equations (3) and (2), we get $$ f(1)=1, f(2)=3 \text {. } $$ Substitute into equation (1) to get...
2023066
Algebra
math-word-problem
Yes
Yes
cn_contest
false
725,190
4. Equation $$ || \cdots|||x|-1|-2| \cdots|-2011|=2011 $$ has $\qquad$ solutions.
4. 4. The solutions to the equation $||x|-1|=1$ are $x=0$ or $\pm 2$; The solutions to the equation $|||x|-1|-2|=2$ are $x= \pm 1$ or $\pm 5$; The solutions to the equation $||||x|-1|-2|-3|=3$ are $x= \pm 3$ or $\pm 9$; In general, the solutions to the equation $$ |1 \cdots||| x|-1|-2|\cdots|-n \mid=n(n \geqslant 2) $...
4
Algebra
math-word-problem
Yes
Yes
cn_contest
false
725,191
5. In a sphere with a radius of $10 \mathrm{~cm}$, there is a cube with edges of integer length $(\mathrm{cm})$. Then the maximum edge length of the cube is $\qquad$ Translate the text above into English, please keep the original text's line breaks and format, and output the translation result directly.
$5.11 \mathrm{~cm}$. Let the edge length of the cube be $a$. The diagonal of the cube $\sqrt{3} a$ is no greater than the diameter of the sphere 20, i.e., $$ \begin{array}{l} a \leqslant \frac{20 \sqrt{3}}{3}\left(a \in \mathbf{N}_{+}\right) \Rightarrow a \leqslant 11 \\ \Rightarrow a_{\max }=11 . \end{array} $$
null
Algebra
math-word-problem
Yes
Yes
cn_contest
false
725,192
6. The inner wall of a glass is formed by rotating the parabola $$ y=x^{2}(-2 \leqslant x \leqslant 2) $$ around the $y$-axis. Then the maximum radius of a sphere that can touch the bottom of the cup is $\qquad$
6. $\frac{1}{2}$. Let the radius of the sphere be $r$. Then $$ \begin{array}{l} \left\{\begin{array}{l} x^{2}+(y-r)^{2}=r^{2}, \\ y=x^{2} \end{array}\right. \\ \Rightarrow x^{2}\left(1-2 r+x^{2}\right)=0 . \end{array} $$ According to the problem, the equation $$ x^{2}+1-2 r=0 $$ has no non-zero real solutions. Thus ...
\frac{1}{2}
Calculus
math-word-problem
Yes
Yes
cn_contest
false
725,193
7. Calculate: $$ \begin{array}{l} \frac{1}{\sin 45^{\circ} \cdot \sin 46^{\circ}}+\frac{1}{\sin 46^{\circ} \cdot \sin 47^{\circ}}+ \\ \cdots+\frac{1}{\sin 89^{\circ} \cdot \sin 90^{\circ}} \\ = \end{array} $$
7. $\frac{1}{\sin 1^{\circ}}$. Notice, $$ \begin{array}{l} \frac{1}{\sin n^{\circ} \cdot \sin (n+1)^{\circ}} \\ =\frac{1}{\sin 1^{\circ}} \cdot \frac{\sin \left[(n+1)^{\circ}-n^{\circ}\right]}{\sin n^{\circ} \cdot \sin (n+1)^{\circ}} \\ =\frac{1}{\sin 1^{\circ}} \cdot \frac{\sin (n+1)^{\circ} \cdot \cos n^{\circ}-\cos...
\frac{1}{\sin 1^{\circ}}
Algebra
math-word-problem
Yes
Yes
cn_contest
false
725,194
8. 10 students stand in a row, and a red, yellow, or blue hat is to be given to each student. It is required that each color of hat must be present, and the hats of adjacent students must be of different colors. Then the number of ways to distribute the hats that meet the requirements is $\qquad$ kinds.
8. 1530. Generalize to the general case. Let the number of ways to arrange $n$ students according to the given conditions be $a_{n}$. Then $$ \begin{array}{l} a_{3}=6, a_{4}=18, a_{n+1}=2 a_{n}+6(n \geqslant 3) . \\ \text { Hence } a_{n+1}+6=2\left(a_{n}+6\right) \\ \Rightarrow a_{n}=\left(a_{3}+6\right) \times 2^{n-3...
1530
Combinatorics
math-word-problem
Yes
Yes
cn_contest
false
725,195
1. (16 points) If $n$ is a positive integer greater than 2, find the minimum value of $$ \frac{1}{n+1}+\frac{1}{n+2}+\cdots+\frac{1}{2 n} $$
When $n=3$, $$ \frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{5}+\frac{1}{6}=\frac{37}{60} \text {. } $$ Assume that when $n=k(k \geqslant 3)$, $$ \sum_{i=k+1}^{2 k} \frac{1}{i} \geqslant \frac{37}{60} \text {. } $$ Then when $n=k+1$, $$ \begin{array}{l} \sum_{i=n+1}^{2 n} \frac{1}{i}=\sum_{i=k+2}^{2 k+2} \frac{1}{i} \\ =\sum_{i=k+1}^{2 k} \f...
\frac{37}{60}
Algebra
math-word-problem
Yes
Yes
cn_contest
false
725,196
2. (20 points) Two points are randomly and independently chosen on a line segment, and the segment is then divided into three parts at these points. Question: What is the probability that the three new segments can form a triangle?
Suppose the initial line segment is the interval $[0,1]$, and the two randomly chosen points are $x, y (0 < x < y < 1)$. The three new segments are $x, y - x, 1 - y$. For these three segments to form a triangle, they must satisfy the triangle inequality: \begin{array}{l} x + (y - x) > 1 - y , \\ x + ( 1 - y ) > y - x ,...
\frac{1}{4}
Combinatorics
math-word-problem
Yes
Yes
cn_contest
false
725,197
Example 2 Find all positive integers $n$ such that $\frac{2^{n}+1}{n^{2}}$ is an integer. (31st IMO)
When $n=1,3$, it is obviously true. When $n \neq 1,3$, let the prime $p$ be the smallest prime factor of $n$. $$ \begin{array}{l} \text { By } \frac{2^{n}+1}{n^{2}} \text { being an integer } \\ \Rightarrow p \mid\left(2^{n}+1\right) \\ \Rightarrow p \mid\left(2^{2 n}-1\right) . \end{array} $$ But by Fermat's Little T...
n=1,3
Number Theory
math-word-problem
Yes
Yes
cn_contest
false
725,198
3. (20 points) Given the sequence $a_{0}, a_{1}, \cdots, a_{n}, \cdots$ satisfies $a_{0}=0, a_{1}=1, a_{2}=0$, when $n \geqslant 3$, we have $$ a_{n}=\frac{2}{n-1} \sum_{i=0}^{n-2} a_{i} \text {. } $$ Prove: For all integers $n \geqslant 3$, $a_{n}>\frac{n}{10}$.
3. Proof 1 From the given, we have $$ (n-1) a_{n}=2 \sum_{i=0}^{n-2} a_{i} \text {. } $$ Substituting $n+1$ for $n$ in the above equation, we get $$ n a_{n+1}=2 \sum_{i=0}^{n-1} a_{i} . $$ Subtracting the two equations, we obtain $$ n a_{n+1}-(n-1) a_{n}=2 a_{n-1} \text {. } $$ The above equation holds for all integ...
proof
Algebra
proof
Yes
Yes
cn_contest
false
725,199
1. The number of all integer solutions to the equation $\left(x^{2}+x-1\right)^{x+3}=1$ is ( ). (A) 5 (B) 4 (C) 3 (D) 2
1. B. The condition for the original equation to have integer solutions is and only is the following three: (1) $x+3=0$, and $x^{2}+x-1 \neq 0$, in this case, $x=-3$ is an integer solution of the equation; (2) $x^{2}+x-1=1$, solving gives $x=-2$ or 1, so the original equation has two integer solutions; (3) $x^{2}+x-1=...
B
Algebra
MCQ
Yes
Yes
cn_contest
false
725,200
2. In $\triangle A B C$, $a$, $b$, $c$ are the lengths of the sides opposite to $\angle A$, $\angle B$, $\angle C$ respectively. If $\angle B=60^{\circ}$, then the value of $\frac{c}{a+b}+\frac{a}{c+b}$ is $(\quad)$. (A) $\frac{1}{2}$ (B) $\frac{\sqrt{2}}{2}$ (C) 1 (D) $\sqrt{2}$
2. C. Draw $A D \perp C D$ at point $D$. In Rt $\triangle B D A$, since $\angle B=60^{\circ}$, we have $D B=\frac{c}{2}, A D=\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2} c$. In Rt $\triangle A D C$, we have $$ \begin{array}{l} D C^{2}=A C^{2}-A D^{2} \\ \Rightarrow\left(a-\frac{c}{2}\right)^{2}=b^{2}-\frac{3}{4} c^{2} \\ \Rightarrow a^{2}+c^{2...
C
Geometry
MCQ
Yes
Yes
cn_contest
false
725,201
3. As shown in Figure 1, in trapezoid $A B C D$, $A D / / B C, A D$ $=3, B C=9, A B=6, C D$ $=4$. If $E F / / B C$, and the perimeters of trapezoids $A E F D$ and $E B C F$ are equal, then the length of $E F$ is (A) $\frac{45}{7}$ (B) $\frac{33}{5}$. (C) $\frac{39}{5}$ (D) $\frac{15}{2}$
3. C. From the given information, we have $$ A D+A E+E F+F D=E F+E B+B C+C F \text {. } $$ Then $A D+A E+F D=E B+B C+C F$ $$ =\frac{1}{2}(A D+A B+B C+C D)=11 \text {. } $$ Since $E F \parallel B C$, we have $E F \parallel A D, \frac{A E}{E B}=\frac{D F}{F C}$. Let $\frac{A E}{E B}=\frac{D F}{F C}=k$. Then $A E=\frac...
C
Geometry
MCQ
Yes
Yes
cn_contest
false
725,202
4. Given $I$ is the incenter of acute $\triangle A B C$, and $A_{1} 、 B_{1}$ 、 $C_{1}$ are the reflections of point $I$ over $B C 、 C A 、 A B$ respectively. If point $B$ lies on the circumcircle of $\triangle A_{1} B_{1} C_{1}$, then $\angle A B C$ equals ( ). (A) $30^{\circ}$ (B) $45^{\circ}$ (C) $60^{\circ}$ (D) $90^...
4. C. Since $I A_{1}=I B_{1}=I C_{1}=2 r$ (where $r$ is the inradius of $\triangle A B C$), therefore, $I$ is the circumcenter of $\triangle A_{1} B_{1} C_{1}$. Let the intersection of $I A_{1}$ and $B C$ be $D$. Then $I B=I A_{1}=2 I D$. Thus, $\angle I B D=30^{\circ}$. Similarly, $\angle I B A=30^{\circ}$. Therefore...
C
Geometry
MCQ
Yes
Yes
cn_contest
false
725,203
5. When $n=1,2, \cdots, 2012$, the quadratic function $$ y=\left(n^{2}+n\right) x^{2}-(2 n+1) x+1 $$ intersects the $x$-axis, and the sum of the lengths of the segments intercepted on the $x$-axis is ( ). (A) $\frac{2010}{2011}$ (B) $\frac{2011}{2012}$ (C) $\frac{2012}{2013}$ (D) $\frac{2013}{2014}$
5. C. Solve $\left(n^{2}+n\right) x^{2}-(2 n+1) x+1=0$, we get $x_{1}=\frac{1}{n+1}, x_{2}=\frac{1}{n}$. Then $d_{n}=\left|x_{1}-x_{2}\right|=\frac{1}{n}-\frac{1}{n+1}$. Therefore, $d_{1}+d_{2}+\cdots+d_{2012}$ $$ \begin{array}{l} =\left(1-\frac{1}{2}\right)+\left(\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3}\right)+\cdots+\left(\frac{1}{2...
C
Algebra
MCQ
Yes
Yes
cn_contest
false
725,204
6. Calculate $$ \begin{array}{l} \frac{\left(3^{4}+4\right)\left(7^{4}+4\right)\left(11^{4}+4\right) \cdots\left(39^{4}+4\right)}{\left(5^{4}+4\right)\left(9^{4}+4\right)\left(13^{4}+4\right) \cdots\left(41^{4}+4\right)} \\ =(\quad) . \end{array} $$ (A) $\frac{1}{353}$ (B) $\frac{1}{354}$ (C) $\frac{1}{355}$ (D) $\frac...
6. A. Notice that, $$ \begin{array}{l} x^{4}+4=\left(x^{2}+2\right)^{2}-(2 x)^{2} \\ =\left(x^{2}+2 x+2\right)\left(x^{2}-2 x+2\right) \\ =\left[(x+1)^{2}+1\right]\left[(x-1)^{2}+1\right] . \end{array} $$ Therefore, the original expression is $$ \begin{array}{l} =\frac{\left(2^{2}+1\right)\left(4^{2}+1\right) \cdots\...
A
Algebra
MCQ
Yes
Yes
cn_contest
false
725,205
1. Given the parabola $$ y=x^{2}+(k+1) x+1 $$ intersects the $x$-axis at two points $A$ and $B$, not both on the left side of the origin. The vertex of the parabola is $C$. To make $\triangle A B C$ an equilateral triangle, the value of $k$ is $\qquad$
$=1 .-5$. From the problem, we know that points $A$ and $B$ are to the right of the origin, and $$ \begin{array}{l} \left|x_{1}-x_{2}\right|=\sqrt{\left(x_{1}+x_{2}\right)^{2}-4 x_{1} x_{2}} \\ =\sqrt{(k+1)^{2}-4} \text {. } \\ \text { Then } \frac{\sqrt{3}}{2} \sqrt{(k+1)^{2}-4}=\left|1-\left(\frac{k+1}{2}\right)^{2}\...
-5
Algebra
math-word-problem
Yes
Yes
cn_contest
false
725,206
3. Given that $A M$ is the median of $\triangle A B C$ on side $B C$, $P$ is the centroid of $\triangle A B C$, and a line $E F$ through point $P$ intersects sides $A B$ and $A C$ at points $E$ and $F$ respectively. Then $\frac{B E}{A E}+\frac{C F}{A F}=$ $\qquad$
3. 1 . Draw $B G$ and $C K$ parallel to $A M$ through points $B$ and $C$ respectively, intersecting line $E F$ at points $G$ and $K$. Then $$ \frac{B E}{A E}=\frac{B G}{A P}, \frac{C F}{A F}=\frac{C K}{A P} \text {. } $$ Adding the two equations gives $$ \frac{B E}{A E}+\frac{C F}{A F}=\frac{B G+C K}{A P} . $$ In tr...
1
Geometry
math-word-problem
Yes
Yes
cn_contest
false
725,208
1 Inscribed Triangle of a Triangle Example 1 (1) The pedal triangle of an acute triangle is the "light path triangle"; (2) The "light path triangle" of an acute triangle is the pedal triangle; (3) Given an acute triangle, find the inscribed triangle with the smallest perimeter. Proof (1) Express the proposition in geom...
As shown in Figure 1, given an acute triangle $\triangle ABC$ with three altitudes $AD$, $BE$, and $CF$ intersecting at point $H$. Prove: $\angle BDF$ $=\angle CDE$, $\angle CED=\angle AEF$, $\angle AFE=\angle BFD$. 【Analysis】Using the perpendicular conditions of the triangle, leveraging the concept of four points bein...
proof
Geometry
proof
Yes
Yes
cn_contest
false
725,209
Example 2 Given that $\triangle XYZ$ is an isosceles right triangle with legs of length 1 $\left(\angle Z=90^{\circ}\right)$, and its three vertices are on the three sides of the isosceles right triangle $\triangle ABC\left(\angle C=90^{\circ}\right)$. Find the maximum possible length of the legs of $\triangle ABC$. (2...
(1) As shown in Figure 3, if vertex $Z$ is on the hypotenuse $AB$, take the midpoint $M$ of $XY$, and connect $CM$, $ZM$, $CZ$, and draw the altitude $CN$ from $C$ to $AB$. Then $C N \leqslant C Z \leqslant C M + M Z$ $$ =\frac{1}{2} X Y + \frac{1}{2} X Y = X Y = \sqrt{2} \text{. } $$ Thus, $C A = \sqrt{2} C N \leqsla...
\sqrt{5}
Geometry
math-word-problem
Yes
Yes
cn_contest
false
725,210
Conclusion 4 As shown in Figure 4, let $D, E, F$ be the points of tangency of the incircle of $\triangle ABC$ with sides $BC, CA, AB$, respectively, and let line $FE$ intersect $BC$ at point $T$. Then $\frac{BD}{DC}=\frac{BT}{TC}$.
Prove that for $\triangle ABC$ and line $FET$, applying Menelaus' theorem yields $$ \frac{AF}{FB} \cdot \frac{BT}{TC} \cdot \frac{CE}{EA}=1. $$ Notice that, $AF = AE, BF = BD, CE = CD$. Thus, $\frac{BD}{DC} = \frac{BT}{TC}$. The above equation indicates that points $D$ and $T$ divide the side $BC$ internally and exter...
proof
Geometry
proof
Yes
Yes
cn_contest
false
725,211
II. (40 points) Given positive real numbers $x, y, z$ satisfying $x+y+z=1$. Try to find the minimum value of the real number $k$ such that the inequality $$ \frac{x^{2} y^{2}}{1-z}+\frac{y^{2} z^{2}}{1-x}+\frac{z^{2} x^{2}}{1-y} \leqslant k-3 x y z $$ always holds.
Let $x=y=z=\frac{1}{3}$. Then $k \geqslant \frac{1}{6}$. Below is the proof: $$ \frac{x^{2} y^{2}}{1-z}+\frac{y^{2} z^{2}}{1-x}+\frac{z^{2} x^{2}}{1-y} \leqslant \frac{1}{6}-3 x y z \text {. } $$ Given $x>0, y>0, z>0$ and $x+y+z=1$, we know that inequality (1) is equivalent to $$ \begin{array}{l} \frac{x y}{z(x+y)}+\f...
\frac{1}{6}
Inequalities
math-word-problem
Yes
Yes
cn_contest
false
725,212
Three. (50 points) Given that $p$ is a prime number greater than 3, the positive sequence $\left\{a_{n}\right\}$ satisfies $$ \begin{array}{l} a_{1}=1, \\ a_{n+1}^{2}+\left[1-\left(\frac{n+1}{n}\right)^{2 p+1}\right] a_{n+1} a_{n} \\ =\left(1+\frac{1}{n}\right)^{2 p+1} a_{n}^{2}(n=1,2, \cdots) . \end{array} $$ Prove: ...
$$ \left(a_{n+1}+a_{n}\right)\left[a_{n+1}-\left(\frac{n+1}{n}\right)^{2 p+1} a_{n}\right]=0 \text {. } $$ Since $a_{n+1}+a_{n}>0$, we have, $$ \begin{array}{l} a_{n+1}=\left(\frac{n+1}{n}\right)^{2 p+1} a_{n} \\ \Rightarrow \frac{a_{n+1}}{a_{n}}=\left(\frac{n+1}{n}\right)^{2 p+1} \\ \Rightarrow a_{n}=n^{2 p+1} . \end...
proof
Number Theory
proof
Yes
Yes
cn_contest
false
725,213
Example 1 In $\triangle ABC$, $AB > AC$, the incircle $\odot I$ touches sides $BC$, $CA$, $AB$ at points $D$, $E$, $F$ respectively, $M$ is the midpoint of side $BC$, $AH \perp BC$ at point $H$, the angle bisector $AI$ of $\angle BAC$ intersects lines $DE$, $DF$ at points $K$, $L$ respectively. Prove: $M$, $L$, $H$, $K...
Prove that, as shown in Figure 6, connect $B K$, connect $C L$ and extend it to intersect $A B$ at point $N$. Then, by Conclusion 1, we know $B K \perp A K, C L \perp A L$, and $L$ is the midpoint of $C N$. Since $M$ is the midpoint of side $B C$, we know $M L / / A B$. Since $\angle B K A=\angle B H A=90^{\circ}$, we...
proof
Geometry
proof
Yes
Yes
cn_contest
false
725,215
Example 2 As shown in Figure 7, given $\triangle ABC$, $X$ is a moving point on line $BC$, and point $C$ is between points $B$ and $X$. The incircles of $\triangle ABX$ and $\triangle ACX$ intersect at two distinct points $P$ and $Q$. Prove that $PQ$ passes through a fixed point independent of $X$. (45th IMO Shortlist ...
Proof: Let the incircles of $\triangle A B X$ and $\triangle A C X$ touch $B X$ at points $D$ and $F$, and touch $A X$ at points $E$ and $G$, respectively. Then $D E \parallel F G$, and $D E, F G$ are perpendicular to the angle bisector of $\angle A X B$. Let line $P Q$ intersect $B X$ and $A X$ at points $M$ and $N$, ...
proof
Geometry
proof
Yes
Yes
cn_contest
false
725,216
Conclusion 5 Let the incircle of non-isosceles $\triangle A B C(A B \neq A C)$ touch sides $B C, C A, A B$ at points $D, E, F$, respectively, and let the altitude $A P$ from $A$ to $B C$ intersect $F E$ at point $H$. Then $H$ is the orthocenter of $\triangle A B C$ if and only if $D H \perp F E$.
Proof As shown in Figure 5, without loss of generality, let $AB > AC$. Sufficiency. When $DH \perp FE$, let the line $FE$ intersect $BC$ at point $T$. By Conclusion 4, we have $$ \frac{BD}{DC}=\frac{BT}{TC} \Rightarrow \frac{BD}{BT}=\frac{DC}{CT}. $$ Draw a line $F' E' \parallel FE$ through point $D$ intersecting $BH$...
proof
Geometry
proof
Yes
Yes
cn_contest
false
725,217
Example 3 In $\triangle A B C$, $A B>A C$, the incircle touches side $B C$ at point $E$, and line $A E$ intersects the incircle at point $D$ (different from point $E$). Take a point $F$ on line segment $A E$, different from $E$, such that $C E=C F$. Connect $C F$ and extend it to intersect $B D$ at point $G$. Prove: $C...
Proof As shown in Figure 8, let the incircle touch $AB$ at point $P$, and touch $AC$ at point $Q$. Draw a tangent line to the incircle through point $D$. Then, by the note to Conclusion 4, we know that the tangent line through point $D$ must pass through the intersection point $T$ of line $PQ$ and $BC$. By $CF = CE$ $...
proof
Geometry
proof
Yes
Yes
cn_contest
false
725,218
Example 4 As shown in Figure $9, \odot O$ is the circumcircle of $\triangle A B C$, $A M$ and $A T$ are the median and angle bisector respectively, the tangents to $\odot O$ at points $B$ and $C$ intersect at point $P$, connect $A P$ and $B C$ intersecting $\odot O$ at points $D$ and $E$ respectively. Prove: $T$ is the...
(2006, National High School Mathematics League Fujian Province Preliminary Competition) Proof: Let the tangent line through point $A$ intersect the extensions of $PB$ and $PC$ at points $R$ and $Q$. For quadrilateral $ABEC$, by conclusion 2, we have $$ AB \cdot EC = BE \cdot AC. $$ Applying Ptolemy's theorem, we get $...
proof
Geometry
proof
Yes
Yes
cn_contest
false
725,219
Example 5 In the right triangle $\triangle ABC$, $\angle ACB=90^{\circ}$, the incircle $\odot O$ of $\triangle ABC$ touches the sides $BC$, $CA$, and $AB$ at points $D$, $E$, and $F$ respectively. Connect $AD$ to intersect $\odot O$ at point $P$, and connect $BP$ and $CP$. If $\angle BPC=90^{\circ}$, prove: $$ AE + AP ...
Proof: Auxiliary lines and points are marked as shown in Figure 10. $PC, PB$ intersect $\odot O$ at points $G, H$ respectively, and $GH$ intersects $PD$ at point $R$. By Conclusion 3(2), we can assume that $AD, EH, FG$ are concurrent at point $K$. Since $\angle GPH = 90^{\circ}$, the center $O$ lies on $GH$. Because $...
AE + AP = PD
Geometry
proof
Yes
Yes
cn_contest
false
725,220
Example 1 In $\triangle A B C$, $A C=B C, \angle A C B=$ $90^{\circ}, D, E$ are two points on side $A B$, $A D=3, B E=4$, $\angle D C E=45^{\circ}$. Then the area of $\triangle A B C$ is $\qquad$ (2006, Beijing Middle School Mathematics Competition (Grade 8))
Solve as shown in Figure 1, construct square $C A H B$, and extend $C D$, $C E$ to intersect $A H$, $B H$ at points $G$, $F$ respectively. Let $D E=x$. Since $A C / / B F$ $$ \Rightarrow \frac{3+x}{4}=\frac{A C}{B F} \text {, } $$ $B C / / A G$ $$ \begin{array}{c} \Rightarrow \frac{4+x}{3}=\frac{B C}{A G} . \\ \text { ...
36
Geometry
math-word-problem
Yes
Yes
cn_contest
false
725,221
Example 2 In an isosceles right triangle $\triangle ABC$, $AC=BC=1$, $M$ is the midpoint of side $BC$, $CE \perp AM$ at point $E$, and intersects $AB$ at point $F$. Then $S_{\triangle MBF}=$ $\qquad$ (2006, National Junior High School Mathematics League)
Solve As shown in Figure 2, construct square $C A D B$, and extend $C F$ to intersect $B D$ at point $G$. It is easy to see that, Rt $\triangle A C M$ $\cong \mathrm{Rt} \triangle C B G$. Since $M$ is the midpoint of side $B C$, $$ \begin{array}{c} B G=B M=C M . \\ \text { By } \triangle B G F \backsim \triangle A C F ...
\frac{1}{12}
Geometry
math-word-problem
Yes
Yes
cn_contest
false
725,222
Example 3 As shown in Figure 3, let $\triangle A B C$ be a right triangle, with point $D$ on the hypotenuse $B C$, and $B D=4 D C$. It is known that a circle passes through point $C$ and intersects $A C$ at point $F$, and is tangent to $A B$ at the midpoint $G$ of $A B$. Prove: $A D \perp B F$. (1999, National Junior ...
Solve as shown in Figure 3, construct a square $ACQP$ with $AC$ as the side length, and extend $AD$ to intersect $CQ$ at point $H$. Draw a perpendicular from $P$ to $AD$ intersecting $AC$ at point $E$. Then, Rt $\triangle APE \cong$ Rt $\triangle CAH \Rightarrow CH = AE$. Since $CH \parallel AB \Rightarrow \frac{CH}{AB...
proof
Geometry
proof
Yes
Yes
cn_contest
false
725,223
Example 3 As shown in Figure $5, E$ is a point on side $BC$ of equilateral $\triangle ABC$. An equilateral $\triangle AEF$ is constructed with $AE$ as a side, and $CF$ is connected. On the extension of $CF$, take a point $D$ such that $\angle DAF = \angle EFC$. Determine the shape of quadrilateral $ABCD$ and prove your...
Prove that quadrilateral $ABCD$ is a rhombus. From $\angle BAE=60^{\circ}-\angle EAC$, $\angle CAF=60^{\circ}-\angle EAC$, we get $\angle BAE=\angle CAF$. Since $AB=AC, AE=AF$, therefore, $\triangle BAE \cong \triangle CAF \Rightarrow \angle BEA=\angle CFA$. Notice that, $\angle BEA=\angle ECA+\angle EAC=\angle EAC+60^...
proof
Geometry
proof
Yes
Yes
cn_contest
false
725,224
Example 4 In the right triangle $\triangle ABC$, $\angle C=90^{\circ}, AC=$ 3, a square $ABEF$ is constructed outward from side $AB$, with the center of the square being $O$, and $OC=4\sqrt{2}$. Then the length of $BC$ is $(\quad)$. (A) $3\sqrt{2}$ (B) 5 (C) $2\sqrt{5}$ (D) $\frac{9}{2}$
Solve as shown in Figure 4, draw a perpendicular from point $E$ to the extension of line $CB$ and a perpendicular from point $F$ to the extension of line $CA$, intersecting at point $G$. It is easy to prove $$ \begin{array}{l} \cong \text { Rt } \triangle E F G \\ \cong \text { Rt } \triangle F A H \text {. } \\ \text ...
B
Geometry
MCQ
Yes
Yes
cn_contest
false
725,225
Example 5 In $\triangle A B C$, it is known that $\angle B A C=45^{\circ}$, $A D \perp B C$ at point $D$. If $B D=2, C D=3$, then $S_{\triangle A B C}$ $=$ $\qquad$ (2007, Shandong Province Junior High School Mathematics Competition)
Solve as shown in Figure 5, with $AB$ as the axis of symmetry, construct the symmetric figure of $\triangle ADB$ as $\triangle AGB$, and with $AC$ as the axis of symmetry, construct the symmetric figure of $\triangle ADC$ as $\triangle AFC$, and extend $GB$ and $FC$ to intersect at point $E$. Then it is easy to know th...
15
Geometry
math-word-problem
Yes
Yes
cn_contest
false
725,226
Example 6 As shown in Figure 6, in $\triangle A B C$, $\angle A B C=$ $45^{\circ}$, point $D$ is on side $B C$, $\angle A D C=60^{\circ}$, and $B D=$ $\frac{1}{2} C D$. $\triangle A C D$ is reflected over line $A D$ to get $\triangle A C^{\prime} D$, and $B C^{\prime}$ is connected. (1) Prove: $B C^{\prime} \perp B C$;...
Solution (2) As shown in Figure 6, draw perpendiculars from point $A$ to $BC$, $C'D$, and $BC'$, with the feet of the perpendiculars being $E$, $F$, and $G$ respectively. From $\angle ABC=45^{\circ}$ and the proven conclusion $BC' \perp BC$, we know that quadrilateral $AGBE$ is a square. From $\angle ABC=45^{\circ}$,...
75^{\circ}
Geometry
proof
Yes
Yes
cn_contest
false
725,227
Example 7 As shown in Figure 7, in quadrilateral $A B C D$, $A B=$ $B C, \angle A B C=\angle C D A=90^{\circ}, B E \perp A D$ at point $E, S_{\text {quadrilateral } A B C D}=8$. Then the length of $B E$ is ( ). $\begin{array}{ll}\text { (A) } 2 & \text { (B) } 3\end{array}$ (C) $\sqrt{3}$ (D) $2 \sqrt{2}$ (2003, Wuhan ...
Solve As shown in Figure 7, draw a perpendicular line from point $B$ to $CD$, intersecting the extension of $DC$ at point $F$. Then $$ \begin{array}{l} \angle C B F=\angle A B E, \\ \angle A E B=\angle C F B=90^{\circ} . \end{array} $$ Since $A B=B C$, we have $$ \triangle A B E \cong \triangle C B F \text {. } $$ Th...
D
Geometry
MCQ
Yes
Yes
cn_contest
false
725,228
Example 8 As shown in Figure 8, in quadrilateral $ABCD$, $AB=BC=CD$, $\angle ABC=90^{\circ}$, $\angle BCD=150^{\circ}$. Find the degree measure of $\angle BAD$. (2003, Beijing Municipal Junior High School Mathematics Competition (Preliminary))
As shown in Figure 8, draw a perpendicular line from point $A$ to $AB$, and then draw a perpendicular line from point $C$ to $BC$. The two perpendicular lines intersect at point $E$, and connect $DE$. It is easy to see that quadrilateral $ABCE$ is a square, and $\triangle CDE$ is an equilateral triangle. Thus, $AE = E...
75^{\circ}
Geometry
math-word-problem
Yes
Yes
cn_contest
false
725,229
Example 9 Given that the longest diagonal of a regular octagon equals $a$, and the shortest diagonal equals $b$. Then the area of the regular octagon is ( ). (A) $a^{2}+b^{2}$ (B) $a^{2}-b^{2}$ (C) $a+b$ (D) $a b$ (2009, Beijing Middle School Mathematics Competition)
Solve as shown in Figure 9, connect $A E$, $B D$, $D F$, $F H$, and $H B$. It is easy to see that quadrilateral $B D F H$ is a square, and its side length is exactly the shortest diagonal of the regular octagon $ABCDEFGH$: $$ B H=B D=D F=F H=b, $$ and $\triangle A B H \cong \triangle C D B \cong \triangle E F D \cong ...
D
Geometry
MCQ
Yes
Yes
cn_contest
false
725,230
Example 1 Given that the circumcircle of $\triangle ABC$ is $\Omega$, the incircle is $\omega$, and the radius of the circumcircle is $R$. Circle $\omega_{A}$ is internally tangent to $\Omega$ at point $A$ and externally tangent to circle $\omega$. Circle $\Omega_{A}$ is internally tangent to $\Omega$ at point $A$ and ...
Proof As shown in Figure 1, let the centers of circles $\omega$ and $\Omega$ be $I$ and $Q$, and the radii of circles $\omega$, $\omega_{A}$, and $\Omega_{A}$ be $r$, $r_{A}$, and $r_{a}$, respectively. Since circles $\Omega$, $\Omega_{A}$, and $\omega_{A}$ are tangent at point $A$, points $A$, $P_{A}$, $Q_{A}$, and $...
proof
Geometry
proof
Yes
Yes
cn_contest
false
725,232
Example 3 As shown in Figure 4, let $D$ be the midpoint of arc $\overparen{B C}$ on the circumcircle $\Gamma$ of acute $\triangle A B C$, point $X$ lies on arc $\overparen{B D}$, $E$ is the midpoint of arc $\overparen{A B X}$, $S$ is a point on arc $\overparen{A C}$, line $S D$ intersects $B C$ at point $R$, and $S E$ ...
(2011, China Mathematical Olympiad) The paper [3] proves the conclusion by multiple cyclic quadrilaterals and the method of coincidence, which is highly skillful but the proof is tortuous and hard to think of. Proof: Connect $A D$ and $R T$ intersecting at point $I$. Connect $S A, S B, S C, C I, C D$. Let $\angle C A ...
proof
Geometry
proof
Yes
Yes
cn_contest
false
725,234
Example 4 As shown in Figure 6, in square $A B C D$, $E$ and $F$ are points on sides $B C$ and $C D$ respectively, and $E F=B E+D F$. $A E$ and $A F$ intersect the diagonal $B D$ at points $M$ and $N$ respectively. Prove: (1) $\angle E A F=45^{\circ}$; (2) $M N^{2}=B M^{2}+D N^{2}$ 【Analysis】This is a very typical pro...
Proof (1) As shown in Figure 6, rotate $\triangle ABC$ $90^{\circ}$ around point $A$ to get $\triangle ADE_{1}$. Thus, $AE=AE_{1}, \angle EAE_{1}=90^{\circ}$. Also, $EF=BE+DF=E_{1}D+DF=E_{1}F$, so $\triangle AEF \cong \triangle AE_{1}F$. Therefore, $\angle EAF=\angle E_{1}AF=\frac{1}{2} \angle EAE_{1}=45^{\circ}$. (2) ...
proof
Geometry
proof
Yes
Yes
cn_contest
false
725,235
Original problem: Let the circumcircle of acute triangle $\triangle ABC$ be circle $\Gamma$, and let $l$ be a tangent line of circle $\Gamma$. Denote the symmetric lines of tangent line $l$ with respect to lines $BC$, $CA$, and $AB$ as $l_{a}$, $l_{b}$, and $l_{c}$, respectively. Prove: The circumcircle of the triangle...
Proof as shown in Figure 1. Take the orthocenter $H$ of $\triangle ABC$, and the rays $AH, BH, CH$ intersect the circle $\Gamma$ at $A_1, B_1, C_1$ respectively. Let $l$ be the tangent to the circle $\Gamma$ at point $T$, and the reflections of $T$ about $BC, CA, AB$ are $A_2, B_2, C_2$ respectively. Let the tangent $l...
proof
Geometry
proof
Yes
Yes
cn_contest
false
725,236
1. Given four distinct positive real numbers $a, b, c, d$ satisfy $$ \begin{array}{l} \left(a^{2012}-c^{2012}\right)\left(a^{2012}-d^{2012}\right)=2012, \\ \left(b^{2012}-c^{2012}\right)\left(b^{2012}-d^{2012}\right)=2012 . \\ \text { Then }(a b)^{2012}-(c d)^{2012}=(\quad) . \end{array} $$ (A) -2012 (B) -2011 (C) 2012...
- 1. A. From the problem, we know that \(a^{2012}\) and \(b^{2012}\) are the two distinct real roots of the quadratic equation in \(x\): \[ \left(x-c^{2012}\right)\left(x-d^{2012}\right)=2012, \] which is \(x^{2}-\left(c^{2012}+d^{2012}\right) x+(c d)^{2012}-2012=0\). Thus, \(a^{2012} b^{2012}=(c d)^{2012}-2012\). The...
-2012
Algebra
MCQ
Yes
Yes
cn_contest
false
725,237
2. A bag contains 4 identical balls, marked with numbers $1, 2, 3, 4$. After shaking the bag, a ball is randomly drawn, the number is noted, and the ball is put back. The bag is then shaken again, and a ball is randomly drawn. The probability that the number on the ball drawn the second time is not less than the number...
2. D. According to the problem, list all possible outcomes as shown in Table 1: Table 1 \begin{tabular}{|c|c|c|c|c|} \hline First & 1 & 2 & 3 & 4 \\ \hline 1 & $(1,1)$ & $(2,1)$ & $(3,1)$ & $(4,1)$ \\ \hline 2 & $(1,2)$ & $(2,2)$ & $(3,2)$ & $(4,2)$ \\ \hline 3 & $(1,3)$ & $(2,3)$ & $(3,3)$ & $(4,3)$ \\ \hline 4 & $(1...
D
Combinatorics
MCQ
Yes
Yes
cn_contest
false
725,238
3. As shown in Figure 1, given a rectangular paper piece $A B C D, A B=3$, $A D=9$, fold it so that point $D$ coincides with point $B$, resulting in the crease $E F$. Then the length of $E F$ is ( ). (A) $\sqrt{3}$ (B) $2 \sqrt{3}$ (C) $\sqrt{10}$ (D) $\frac{3 \sqrt{10}}{2}$
3. C. Let $DE = x$. Then $BE = x, AE = 9 - x$. In the right triangle $\triangle ABE$, we have $$ 3^{2} + (9 - x)^{2} = x^{2}. $$ Solving for $x$ gives $x = 5$, so $DE = 5$. Connecting $BD$ and intersecting $EF$ at point $G$, then $BD$ perpendicularly bisects $EF$. In the right triangle $\triangle DEG$, we have $$ DG ...
C
Geometry
MCQ
Yes
Yes
cn_contest
false
725,239
4. In a regular nonagon $A B C D E F G H I$, if the diagonal $A E=2$, then $A B+A C=(\quad)$. (A) $\sqrt{3}$ (B) 2 (C) $\frac{3}{2}$ (D) $\frac{5}{2}$
4. B. As shown in Figure 5, connect $A D$, and extend $A C$ to point $M$ such that $C M=A B$. In the regular nonagon $ABCDEFGHI$, we have $$ \begin{array}{l} \angle A B C \\ =\frac{(9-2) \times 180^{\circ}}{9} \\ =140^{\circ}, \end{array} $$ thus $\angle A C B=20^{\circ}$. Therefore, $\angle A C D=140^{\circ}-20^{\c...
B
Geometry
MCQ
Yes
Yes
cn_contest
false
725,240
5. There are $n$ people registered to participate in four sports competitions: A, B, C, and D. It is stipulated that each person must participate in at least one competition and at most two competitions, but competitions B and C cannot be registered for simultaneously. If in all different registration methods, there mu...
5. B. Use the ordered array $\left(a_{\text {甲 }}, b_{\text {乙 }}, c_{\text {丙 }}, d_{\mathrm{J}}\right)$ to represent each person's registration for the four sports events 甲, 乙, 丙, and 丁. If a person participates in a certain event, the corresponding number is recorded as 1 (for example, if participating in event 甲, ...
172
Combinatorics
MCQ
Yes
Yes
cn_contest
false
725,241
6. If $\sqrt{x}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{x}}=-2$, then $x^{2}-\frac{1}{x^{2}}=$
6. $-24 \sqrt{2}$. From the given, we know $0<x<1$, and $$ \begin{array}{l} \left(\sqrt{x}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{x}}\right)^{2}=x-2+\frac{1}{x}=4 \\ \Rightarrow x+\frac{1}{x}=6 . \\ \text { Also, }\left(x-\frac{1}{x}\right)^{2}=\left(x+\frac{1}{x}\right)^{2}-4=32, \text { so } \\ x-\frac{1}{x}= \pm 4 \sqrt{2} \text { (positiv...
-24 \sqrt{2}
Algebra
math-word-problem
Yes
Yes
cn_contest
false
725,242
7. If the four lines $$ x=1, y=-1, y=3, y=k x-3 $$ enclose a convex quadrilateral with an area of 12, then the value of $k$ is $\qquad$.
7.1 or -2. From $\left\{\begin{array}{l}y=k x-3, \\ y=-1,\end{array}\right.$ we get the intersection point $A\left(\frac{2}{k},-1\right)$; from $\left\{\begin{array}{l}y=k x-3, \\ y=3,\end{array}\right.$ we get the intersection point $B\left(\frac{6}{k}, 3\right)$. According to the problem, points $A$ and $B$ are on t...
1 \text{ or } -2
Geometry
math-word-problem
Yes
Yes
cn_contest
false
725,243
8. As shown in Figure 2, a circle $\odot O$ with radius $r$ rolls without slipping along the broken line $A B C D E$. If $A B=B C=C D=D E=2 \pi r, \angle A B C=\angle C D E=150^{\circ}$, $\angle B C D=120^{\circ}$, then $\odot O$ rotates through _____ turns from point $A$ to point $E$.
8. $4 \frac{1}{3}$. From $A B=B C=C D=D E=2 \pi r$, we get that when $\odot O$ rolls along the line segments $A B, B C, C D, D E$, it rotates 1 week each; From $\angle A B C=\angle C D E=150^{\circ}$, we get that when $\odot O$ passes through points $B$ and $D$, it rotates an additional $\frac{1}{12}$ week each; Fro...
4 \frac{1}{3}
Geometry
math-word-problem
Yes
Yes
cn_contest
false
725,244