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What type of organism is commonly used in preparation of foods such as cheese and yogurt? |
mesophilic organisms |
Mesophiles grow best in moderate temperature, typically between 25Β°C and 40Β°C (77Β°F and 104Β°F). Mesophiles are often found living in or on the bodies of humans or other animals. The optimal growth temperature of many pathogenic mesophiles is 37Β°C (98Β°F), the normal human body temperature. Mesophilic organisms have impo... |
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Changes from a less-ordered state to a more-ordered state (such as a liquid to a solid) are always what? |
exothermic |
Summary Changes of state are examples of phase changes, or phase transitions. All phase changes are accompanied by changes in the energy of a system. Changes from a more-ordered state to a less-ordered state (such as a liquid to a gas) areendothermic. Changes from a less-ordered state to a more-ordered state (such as a... |
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When a meteoroid reaches earth, what is the remaining object called? |
meteorite |
Meteoroids are smaller than asteroids, ranging from the size of boulders to the size of sand grains. When meteoroids enter Earthβs atmosphere, they vaporize, creating a trail of glowing gas called a meteor. If any of the meteoroid reaches Earth, the remaining object is called a meteorite. |
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Organisms categorized by what species descriptor demonstrate a version of allopatric speciation and have limited regions of overlap with one another, but where they overlap they interbreed successfully?. |
ring species |
Ring species Ring species demonstrate a version of allopatric speciation. Imagine populations of the species A. Over the geographic range of A there exist a number of subpopulations. These subpopulations (A1 to A5) and (Aa to Ae) have limited regions of overlap with one another but where they overlap they interbreed su... |
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Zinc is more easily oxidized than iron because zinc has a lower reduction potential. since zinc has a lower reduction potential, it is a more what? |
active metal |
One way to keep iron from corroding is to keep it painted. The layer of paint prevents the water and oxygen necessary for rust formation from coming into contact with the iron. As long as the paint remains intact, the iron is protected from corrosion. Other strategies include alloying the iron with other metals. For ex... |
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What tells you how much of the food you should eat to get the nutrients listed on the label? |
serving size |
The information listed at the right of the label tells you what to look for. At the top of the label, look for the serving size. The serving size tells you how much of the food you should eat to get the nutrients listed on the label. A cup of food from the label pictured below is a serving. The calories in one serving ... |
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Boron only occurs naturally in compounds with what element? |
oxygen |
Occurrence, Preparation, and Compounds of Boron and Silicon Boron constitutes less than 0.001% by weight of the earthβs crust. In nature, it only occurs in compounds with oxygen. Boron is widely distributed in volcanic regions as boric acid, B(OH)3, and in dry lake regions, including the desert areas of California, as ... |
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Fertilization is the union of a sperm and egg, resulting in the formation of what? |
a zygote |
Fertilization is the union of a sperm and egg, resulting in the formation of a zygote. |
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The plants alternation between haploid and diploud generations allow it to do what? |
reproduce asexually and sexually |
All plants have a characteristic life cycle that includes alternation of generations . Plants alternate between haploid and diploid generations. Alternation of generations allows for both asexual and sexual reproduction. Asexual reproduction with spores produces haploid individuals called gametophytes . Sexual reproduc... |
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Cutting down on the use of chemical fertilizers and preserving wetlands are ways to prevent what "unlivable" regions in bodies of water? |
dead zones |
Cutting down on the use of chemical fertilizers is one way to prevent dead zones in bodies of water. Preserving wetlands is also important. Wetlands are habitats such as swamps, marshes, and bogs where the ground is soggy or covered with water much of the year. Wetlands slow down and filter runoff before it reaches bod... |
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This sharing of electrons produces what is known as a covalent bond. covalent bonds are ~20 to 50 times stronger than what? |
van der waals interactions |
any other electron, they become a part of the moleculeβs electron system.204 This sharing of electrons produces what is known as a covalent bond. Covalent bonds are ~20 to 50 times stronger than van der Waals interactions. What exactly does that mean? Basically, it takes 20 to 50 times more energy to break a covalent b... |
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Interstitial carbides are produced by the reaction of most transition metals at high temperatures with what element? |
carbon |
temperatures with electropositive metals such as those of groups 1 and 2 and aluminum produces ionic carbides, which contain discrete metal cations and carbon anions. The identity of the anions depends on the size of the second element. For example, smaller elements such as beryllium and aluminum give methides such as ... |
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Fungus-like protist saprobes play what role in a food chain and are specialized to absorb nutrients from nonliving organic matter, such as dead organisms or their wastes? |
decomposers |
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