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{
"content": "The following are multiple choice questions (with answers) about health. Think step by step and then finish your answer with \"the answer is (X)\" where X is the correct letter choice.\nEach reasoning step in your response should end with two line breaks.",
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"content": "Which of the following is the body cavity that contains the pituitary gland?\nA. Ventral\nB. Dorsal\nC. Buccal\nD. Thoracic\nE. Pericardial\nF. Abdominal\nG. Spinal\nH. Pelvic\nI. Pleural\nJ. Cranial",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on anatomy for help.\n\nLet’s solve this problem step by step.\n\nThe pituitary gland is the major endocrine gland attached to the base of the brain, and it is contained in the Cranial cavity.\n\nThe answer is (J).",
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"content": "What is the embryological origin of the hyoid bone?\nA. The third and fourth pharyngeal arches\nB. The fourth pharyngeal arch\nC. The third pharyngeal arch\nD. The second pharyngeal arch\nE. The second, third and fourth pharyngeal arches\nF. The first pharyngeal arch\nG. The second and third pharyngeal arches\nH. The first and third pharyngeal arches\nI. The first, second and third pharyngeal arches\nJ. The first and second pharyngeal arches",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on anatomy for help.\n\nLet’s solve this problem step by step.\n\nThe hyoid bone, which is also known as the hyooid, is a a small U-shaped bone located in the anterior neck.\n\nIn its resting position, it lies between the ase of the mandible and the third cervical vertebrae.\n\nWe know that the second and the third pharyngeal arches give rise to the horns of the hyoid bone; therefore, the embryological origin of the hyoid bone are the second and the third pharyngeal arches—this information is covered in option (G).\n\nTherefore, we conclude that (G) must be the correct answer.\n\nThe answer is (G).",
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"content": "What is the difference between a male and a female catheter?\nA. Female catheters are used more frequently than male catheters.\nB. Male catheters are bigger than female catheters.\nC. Male catheters are more flexible than female catheters.\nD. Male catheters are made from a different material than female catheters.\nE. Female catheters are longer than male catheters.\nF. Male catheters are longer than female catheters.\nG. Female catheters are bigger than male catheters.\nH. Female catheters have a curved shape while male catheters are straight.\nI. Male and female catheters are different colours.\nJ. Male catheters have a smaller diameter than female catheters.",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on clinical knowledge for help.\n\nThe difference between a male and female catheter is that male catheters tend to be longer than female catheters.\n\nThe answer is (F).",
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"content": "How many attempts should you make to cannulate a patient before passing the job on to a senior colleague, according to the medical knowledge of 2020?\nA. 1\nB. Unlimited attempts\nC. 5\nD. 0, always pass on to a senior colleague\nE. 7\nF. 2\nG. 4\nH. 6\nI. 3\nJ. 8",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on clinical knowledge for help.\n\nAccording to the medical protocol as of 2020, you should make two attempts to cannulate a patient before passing the job on to a more-senior practitioner.\n\nThe answer is (F).",
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"content": "Why are parvoviruses a highly impactful parasite?\nA. They are able to alter the host's DNA\nB. Because they have no nucleic acid\nC. They can survive in extreme temperatures\nD. Only replicate in dividing cells\nE. They can infect multiple species\nF. They don't require a host to survive\nG. Can integrate into host chromosomes",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on virology for help.\n\nParoviruses are highly impactful because they do not have nucleic acid.\n\nThe answer is (B).",
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"content": "A 15-year-old girl comes to the emergency department because, she says, \"something has been sticking out of my bottom since I had a bowel movement this morning.\" She has not had previous episodes, although for more than 1 year she has had occasional difficulty passing stools. She is not in pain but is afraid to move her bowels for fear that the problem will worsen. She tells you that she moved away from home more than a year ago and that her parents contribute nothing to her support. She has a 6-month-old child and lives with a 28-year-old female cousin. She has never been married and does not work or attend school. She has no other symptoms. In order to follow the correct procedure for treating a minor, which of the following is the most appropriate step prior to evaluating this patient's rectal problem?\nA. Obtain written consent from her 28-year-old cousin\nB. Obtain written consent from at least one of her parents\nC. Obtain a court order permitting evaluation\nD. Obtain the written consent of at least two licensed physicians\nE. Obtain the girl's consent in the presence of a witness\nF. Obtain written consent from the child's father\nG. Obtain verbal consent from at least one of her parents\nH. Wait until the girl turns 16 to perform the evaluation\nI. Accept the girl's consent as sufficient\nJ. Obtain written consent from a social worker",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on medical ethics, the age of majority, and the family law for help.\n\nIn the U.S., the age of majority varies from state to state but the majority of states have the age of 18, with a few states having it at 19 or 21.\n\nHowever, the medical community in the U.S. generally follows the \"Mature Minor Doctrine,\" which states that minors who are deemed mature enough to make their own medical decisions should be able to consent to medical procedures.\n\nThis doctrine is most often applied to minors aged 14 to 17, but the decision of whether a minor is mature enough should be made on a case-by-case basis by the healthcare provider.\n\nIn this scenario, a 15-year-old girl is being evaluated, and she has expressed a desire for medical treatment. She is appearing alone, but no other minors are present. The girl has a child, which indicates she has some level of maturity and responsibility.\n\nTaking into account the Mature Minor Doctrine, it is reasonable to accept the girl's consent as sufficient for initial evaluation.\n\nThe answer is (I).",
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"content": "The following are multiple choice questions (with answers) about health. Think step by step and then finish your answer with \"the answer is (X)\" where X is the correct letter choice.\nEach reasoning step in your response should end with two line breaks.",
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"content": "Which of the following is the body cavity that contains the pituitary gland?\nA. Ventral\nB. Dorsal\nC. Buccal\nD. Thoracic\nE. Pericardial\nF. Abdominal\nG. Spinal\nH. Pelvic\nI. Pleural\nJ. Cranial",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on anatomy for help.\n\nLet’s solve this problem step by step.\n\nThe pituitary gland is the major endocrine gland attached to the base of the brain, and it is contained in the Cranial cavity.\n\nThe answer is (J).",
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"content": "What is the embryological origin of the hyoid bone?\nA. The third and fourth pharyngeal arches\nB. The fourth pharyngeal arch\nC. The third pharyngeal arch\nD. The second pharyngeal arch\nE. The second, third and fourth pharyngeal arches\nF. The first pharyngeal arch\nG. The second and third pharyngeal arches\nH. The first and third pharyngeal arches\nI. The first, second and third pharyngeal arches\nJ. The first and second pharyngeal arches",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on anatomy for help.\n\nLet’s solve this problem step by step.\n\nThe hyoid bone, which is also known as the hyooid, is a a small U-shaped bone located in the anterior neck.\n\nIn its resting position, it lies between the ase of the mandible and the third cervical vertebrae.\n\nWe know that the second and the third pharyngeal arches give rise to the horns of the hyoid bone; therefore, the embryological origin of the hyoid bone are the second and the third pharyngeal arches—this information is covered in option (G).\n\nTherefore, we conclude that (G) must be the correct answer.\n\nThe answer is (G).",
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"content": "What is the difference between a male and a female catheter?\nA. Female catheters are used more frequently than male catheters.\nB. Male catheters are bigger than female catheters.\nC. Male catheters are more flexible than female catheters.\nD. Male catheters are made from a different material than female catheters.\nE. Female catheters are longer than male catheters.\nF. Male catheters are longer than female catheters.\nG. Female catheters are bigger than male catheters.\nH. Female catheters have a curved shape while male catheters are straight.\nI. Male and female catheters are different colours.\nJ. Male catheters have a smaller diameter than female catheters.",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on clinical knowledge for help.\n\nThe difference between a male and female catheter is that male catheters tend to be longer than female catheters.\n\nThe answer is (F).",
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"content": "How many attempts should you make to cannulate a patient before passing the job on to a senior colleague, according to the medical knowledge of 2020?\nA. 1\nB. Unlimited attempts\nC. 5\nD. 0, always pass on to a senior colleague\nE. 7\nF. 2\nG. 4\nH. 6\nI. 3\nJ. 8",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on clinical knowledge for help.\n\nAccording to the medical protocol as of 2020, you should make two attempts to cannulate a patient before passing the job on to a more-senior practitioner.\n\nThe answer is (F).",
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"content": "Why are parvoviruses a highly impactful parasite?\nA. They are able to alter the host's DNA\nB. Because they have no nucleic acid\nC. They can survive in extreme temperatures\nD. Only replicate in dividing cells\nE. They can infect multiple species\nF. They don't require a host to survive\nG. Can integrate into host chromosomes",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on virology for help.\n\nParoviruses are highly impactful because they do not have nucleic acid.\n\nThe answer is (B).",
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"content": "A 15-year-old girl comes to the emergency department because, she says, \"something has been sticking out of my bottom since I had a bowel movement this morning.\" She has not had previous episodes, although for more than 1 year she has had occasional difficulty passing stools. She is not in pain but is afraid to move her bowels for fear that the problem will worsen. She tells you that she moved away from home more than a year ago and that her parents contribute nothing to her support. She has a 6-month-old child and lives with a 28-year-old female cousin. She has never been married and does not work or attend school. She has no other symptoms. In order to follow the correct procedure for treating a minor, which of the following is the most appropriate step prior to evaluating this patient's rectal problem?\nA. Obtain written consent from her 28-year-old cousin\nB. Obtain written consent from at least one of her parents\nC. Obtain a court order permitting evaluation\nD. Obtain the written consent of at least two licensed physicians\nE. Obtain the girl's consent in the presence of a witness\nF. Obtain written consent from the child's father\nG. Obtain verbal consent from at least one of her parents\nH. Wait until the girl turns 16 to perform the evaluation\nI. Accept the girl's consent as sufficient\nJ. Obtain written consent from a social worker",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on emergency medicine and minors' consent for help.\n\nTo follow the correct procedure for treating a minor, the patient must provide consent unless the medical provider believes the patient is unable to make a decision for themselves.\n\nIn this case, the patient is a 15-year-old girl who is able to communicate with the healthcare provider and make decisions about her own care.\n\nAdditionally, the patient is acting in loco parentis as the single mother of a 6-month-old child, and she has sufficient maturity to make decisions about her own health care.\n\nTherefore, the healthcare provider should obtain the girl's consent in the presence of a witness, which would be the most appropriate step.\n\nThe answer is (E).",
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"content": "The following are multiple choice questions (with answers) about health. Think step by step and then finish your answer with \"the answer is (X)\" where X is the correct letter choice.\nEach reasoning step in your response should end with two line breaks.",
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"content": "Which of the following is the body cavity that contains the pituitary gland?\nA. Ventral\nB. Dorsal\nC. Buccal\nD. Thoracic\nE. Pericardial\nF. Abdominal\nG. Spinal\nH. Pelvic\nI. Pleural\nJ. Cranial",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on anatomy for help.\n\nLet’s solve this problem step by step.\n\nThe pituitary gland is the major endocrine gland attached to the base of the brain, and it is contained in the Cranial cavity.\n\nThe answer is (J).",
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"content": "What is the embryological origin of the hyoid bone?\nA. The third and fourth pharyngeal arches\nB. The fourth pharyngeal arch\nC. The third pharyngeal arch\nD. The second pharyngeal arch\nE. The second, third and fourth pharyngeal arches\nF. The first pharyngeal arch\nG. The second and third pharyngeal arches\nH. The first and third pharyngeal arches\nI. The first, second and third pharyngeal arches\nJ. The first and second pharyngeal arches",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on anatomy for help.\n\nLet’s solve this problem step by step.\n\nThe hyoid bone, which is also known as the hyooid, is a a small U-shaped bone located in the anterior neck.\n\nIn its resting position, it lies between the ase of the mandible and the third cervical vertebrae.\n\nWe know that the second and the third pharyngeal arches give rise to the horns of the hyoid bone; therefore, the embryological origin of the hyoid bone are the second and the third pharyngeal arches—this information is covered in option (G).\n\nTherefore, we conclude that (G) must be the correct answer.\n\nThe answer is (G).",
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"content": "What is the difference between a male and a female catheter?\nA. Female catheters are used more frequently than male catheters.\nB. Male catheters are bigger than female catheters.\nC. Male catheters are more flexible than female catheters.\nD. Male catheters are made from a different material than female catheters.\nE. Female catheters are longer than male catheters.\nF. Male catheters are longer than female catheters.\nG. Female catheters are bigger than male catheters.\nH. Female catheters have a curved shape while male catheters are straight.\nI. Male and female catheters are different colours.\nJ. Male catheters have a smaller diameter than female catheters.",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on clinical knowledge for help.\n\nThe difference between a male and female catheter is that male catheters tend to be longer than female catheters.\n\nThe answer is (F).",
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"content": "How many attempts should you make to cannulate a patient before passing the job on to a senior colleague, according to the medical knowledge of 2020?\nA. 1\nB. Unlimited attempts\nC. 5\nD. 0, always pass on to a senior colleague\nE. 7\nF. 2\nG. 4\nH. 6\nI. 3\nJ. 8",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on clinical knowledge for help.\n\nAccording to the medical protocol as of 2020, you should make two attempts to cannulate a patient before passing the job on to a more-senior practitioner.\n\nThe answer is (F).",
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"content": "Why are parvoviruses a highly impactful parasite?\nA. They are able to alter the host's DNA\nB. Because they have no nucleic acid\nC. They can survive in extreme temperatures\nD. Only replicate in dividing cells\nE. They can infect multiple species\nF. They don't require a host to survive\nG. Can integrate into host chromosomes",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on virology for help.\n\nParoviruses are highly impactful because they do not have nucleic acid.\n\nThe answer is (B).",
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"content": "A 15-year-old girl comes to the emergency department because, she says, \"something has been sticking out of my bottom since I had a bowel movement this morning.\" She has not had previous episodes, although for more than 1 year she has had occasional difficulty passing stools. She is not in pain but is afraid to move her bowels for fear that the problem will worsen. She tells you that she moved away from home more than a year ago and that her parents contribute nothing to her support. She has a 6-month-old child and lives with a 28-year-old female cousin. She has never been married and does not work or attend school. She has no other symptoms. In order to follow the correct procedure for treating a minor, which of the following is the most appropriate step prior to evaluating this patient's rectal problem?\nA. Obtain written consent from her 28-year-old cousin\nB. Obtain written consent from at least one of her parents\nC. Obtain a court order permitting evaluation\nD. Obtain the written consent of at least two licensed physicians\nE. Obtain the girl's consent in the presence of a witness\nF. Obtain written consent from the child's father\nG. Obtain verbal consent from at least one of her parents\nH. Wait until the girl turns 16 to perform the evaluation\nI. Accept the girl's consent as sufficient\nJ. Obtain written consent from a social worker",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on minor consent laws for help.\n\nIn most jurisdictions, a minor can consent to medical treatment for themselves without parental permission, as long as the minor is deemed mature enough to make an informed decision.\n\nThis patient is 15 years old, but since she has an unrelated child and lives independently, she may be considered mature enough to provide her own consent for medical treatment.\n\nIn this case, the best practice is to obtain the patient's consent in the presence of a witness.\n\nThe answer is (E).\n\n",
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"content": "The following are multiple choice questions (with answers) about health. Think step by step and then finish your answer with \"the answer is (X)\" where X is the correct letter choice.\nEach reasoning step in your response should end with two line breaks.",
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"content": "Which of the following is the body cavity that contains the pituitary gland?\nA. Ventral\nB. Dorsal\nC. Buccal\nD. Thoracic\nE. Pericardial\nF. Abdominal\nG. Spinal\nH. Pelvic\nI. Pleural\nJ. Cranial",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on anatomy for help.\n\nLet’s solve this problem step by step.\n\nThe pituitary gland is the major endocrine gland attached to the base of the brain, and it is contained in the Cranial cavity.\n\nThe answer is (J).",
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"content": "What is the embryological origin of the hyoid bone?\nA. The third and fourth pharyngeal arches\nB. The fourth pharyngeal arch\nC. The third pharyngeal arch\nD. The second pharyngeal arch\nE. The second, third and fourth pharyngeal arches\nF. The first pharyngeal arch\nG. The second and third pharyngeal arches\nH. The first and third pharyngeal arches\nI. The first, second and third pharyngeal arches\nJ. The first and second pharyngeal arches",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on anatomy for help.\n\nLet’s solve this problem step by step.\n\nThe hyoid bone, which is also known as the hyooid, is a a small U-shaped bone located in the anterior neck.\n\nIn its resting position, it lies between the ase of the mandible and the third cervical vertebrae.\n\nWe know that the second and the third pharyngeal arches give rise to the horns of the hyoid bone; therefore, the embryological origin of the hyoid bone are the second and the third pharyngeal arches—this information is covered in option (G).\n\nTherefore, we conclude that (G) must be the correct answer.\n\nThe answer is (G).",
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"content": "What is the difference between a male and a female catheter?\nA. Female catheters are used more frequently than male catheters.\nB. Male catheters are bigger than female catheters.\nC. Male catheters are more flexible than female catheters.\nD. Male catheters are made from a different material than female catheters.\nE. Female catheters are longer than male catheters.\nF. Male catheters are longer than female catheters.\nG. Female catheters are bigger than male catheters.\nH. Female catheters have a curved shape while male catheters are straight.\nI. Male and female catheters are different colours.\nJ. Male catheters have a smaller diameter than female catheters.",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on clinical knowledge for help.\n\nThe difference between a male and female catheter is that male catheters tend to be longer than female catheters.\n\nThe answer is (F).",
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"content": "How many attempts should you make to cannulate a patient before passing the job on to a senior colleague, according to the medical knowledge of 2020?\nA. 1\nB. Unlimited attempts\nC. 5\nD. 0, always pass on to a senior colleague\nE. 7\nF. 2\nG. 4\nH. 6\nI. 3\nJ. 8",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on clinical knowledge for help.\n\nAccording to the medical protocol as of 2020, you should make two attempts to cannulate a patient before passing the job on to a more-senior practitioner.\n\nThe answer is (F).",
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"content": "Why are parvoviruses a highly impactful parasite?\nA. They are able to alter the host's DNA\nB. Because they have no nucleic acid\nC. They can survive in extreme temperatures\nD. Only replicate in dividing cells\nE. They can infect multiple species\nF. They don't require a host to survive\nG. Can integrate into host chromosomes",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on virology for help.\n\nParoviruses are highly impactful because they do not have nucleic acid.\n\nThe answer is (B).",
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"content": "A 15-year-old girl comes to the emergency department because, she says, \"something has been sticking out of my bottom since I had a bowel movement this morning.\" She has not had previous episodes, although for more than 1 year she has had occasional difficulty passing stools. She is not in pain but is afraid to move her bowels for fear that the problem will worsen. She tells you that she moved away from home more than a year ago and that her parents contribute nothing to her support. She has a 6-month-old child and lives with a 28-year-old female cousin. She has never been married and does not work or attend school. She has no other symptoms. In order to follow the correct procedure for treating a minor, which of the following is the most appropriate step prior to evaluating this patient's rectal problem?\nA. Obtain written consent from her 28-year-old cousin\nB. Obtain written consent from at least one of her parents\nC. Obtain a court order permitting evaluation\nD. Obtain the written consent of at least two licensed physicians\nE. Obtain the girl's consent in the presence of a witness\nF. Obtain written consent from the child's father\nG. Obtain verbal consent from at least one of her parents\nH. Wait until the girl turns 16 to perform the evaluation\nI. Accept the girl's consent as sufficient\nJ. Obtain written consent from a social worker",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on medical ethics and minors for help.\n\nA minor in need of medical treatment can be treated in accordance with the \"mature minor doctrine\", which holds that a minor can give valid consent for medical treatment if they can demonstrate a level of maturity and understanding of their own situation.\n\nHowever, if the minor is not deemed mature enough to provide valid consent, then treatment can be given if the minor is not in any immediate danger.\n\nThis patient is a 15-year-old girl who appears to be mature enough to consent for the evaluation, but there is no explicit information suggesting she is mature enough or that she has the ability to make her own decisions.\n\nAdditionally, minors in need of general medical evaluation are usually best evaluated with the consent of a parent or guardian.\n\nIn this case the girl has stated she lives with a 28-year-old cousin so either a parent or a Guardian is readily available. However, the girl does not have a parent readily available. Therefore, in order to follow the correct procedure for treating a minor, obtaining the written consent from her 28-year-old cousin who is acting as the patient's legal guardian may be an appropriate step.\n\nThe answer is (A).",
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"content": "The following are multiple choice questions (with answers) about health. Think step by step and then finish your answer with \"the answer is (X)\" where X is the correct letter choice.\nEach reasoning step in your response should end with two line breaks.",
"role": "system"
},
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"content": "Which of the following is the body cavity that contains the pituitary gland?\nA. Ventral\nB. Dorsal\nC. Buccal\nD. Thoracic\nE. Pericardial\nF. Abdominal\nG. Spinal\nH. Pelvic\nI. Pleural\nJ. Cranial",
"role": "user"
},
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on anatomy for help.\n\nLet’s solve this problem step by step.\n\nThe pituitary gland is the major endocrine gland attached to the base of the brain, and it is contained in the Cranial cavity.\n\nThe answer is (J).",
"role": "assistant"
},
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"content": "What is the embryological origin of the hyoid bone?\nA. The third and fourth pharyngeal arches\nB. The fourth pharyngeal arch\nC. The third pharyngeal arch\nD. The second pharyngeal arch\nE. The second, third and fourth pharyngeal arches\nF. The first pharyngeal arch\nG. The second and third pharyngeal arches\nH. The first and third pharyngeal arches\nI. The first, second and third pharyngeal arches\nJ. The first and second pharyngeal arches",
"role": "user"
},
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on anatomy for help.\n\nLet’s solve this problem step by step.\n\nThe hyoid bone, which is also known as the hyooid, is a a small U-shaped bone located in the anterior neck.\n\nIn its resting position, it lies between the ase of the mandible and the third cervical vertebrae.\n\nWe know that the second and the third pharyngeal arches give rise to the horns of the hyoid bone; therefore, the embryological origin of the hyoid bone are the second and the third pharyngeal arches—this information is covered in option (G).\n\nTherefore, we conclude that (G) must be the correct answer.\n\nThe answer is (G).",
"role": "assistant"
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"content": "What is the difference between a male and a female catheter?\nA. Female catheters are used more frequently than male catheters.\nB. Male catheters are bigger than female catheters.\nC. Male catheters are more flexible than female catheters.\nD. Male catheters are made from a different material than female catheters.\nE. Female catheters are longer than male catheters.\nF. Male catheters are longer than female catheters.\nG. Female catheters are bigger than male catheters.\nH. Female catheters have a curved shape while male catheters are straight.\nI. Male and female catheters are different colours.\nJ. Male catheters have a smaller diameter than female catheters.",
"role": "user"
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on clinical knowledge for help.\n\nThe difference between a male and female catheter is that male catheters tend to be longer than female catheters.\n\nThe answer is (F).",
"role": "assistant"
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"content": "How many attempts should you make to cannulate a patient before passing the job on to a senior colleague, according to the medical knowledge of 2020?\nA. 1\nB. Unlimited attempts\nC. 5\nD. 0, always pass on to a senior colleague\nE. 7\nF. 2\nG. 4\nH. 6\nI. 3\nJ. 8",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on clinical knowledge for help.\n\nAccording to the medical protocol as of 2020, you should make two attempts to cannulate a patient before passing the job on to a more-senior practitioner.\n\nThe answer is (F).",
"role": "assistant"
},
{
"content": "Why are parvoviruses a highly impactful parasite?\nA. They are able to alter the host's DNA\nB. Because they have no nucleic acid\nC. They can survive in extreme temperatures\nD. Only replicate in dividing cells\nE. They can infect multiple species\nF. They don't require a host to survive\nG. Can integrate into host chromosomes",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on virology for help.\n\nParoviruses are highly impactful because they do not have nucleic acid.\n\nThe answer is (B).",
"role": "assistant"
},
{
"content": "A 15-year-old girl comes to the emergency department because, she says, \"something has been sticking out of my bottom since I had a bowel movement this morning.\" She has not had previous episodes, although for more than 1 year she has had occasional difficulty passing stools. She is not in pain but is afraid to move her bowels for fear that the problem will worsen. She tells you that she moved away from home more than a year ago and that her parents contribute nothing to her support. She has a 6-month-old child and lives with a 28-year-old female cousin. She has never been married and does not work or attend school. She has no other symptoms. In order to follow the correct procedure for treating a minor, which of the following is the most appropriate step prior to evaluating this patient's rectal problem?\nA. Obtain written consent from her 28-year-old cousin\nB. Obtain written consent from at least one of her parents\nC. Obtain a court order permitting evaluation\nD. Obtain the written consent of at least two licensed physicians\nE. Obtain the girl's consent in the presence of a witness\nF. Obtain written consent from the child's father\nG. Obtain verbal consent from at least one of her parents\nH. Wait until the girl turns 16 to perform the evaluation\nI. Accept the girl's consent as sufficient\nJ. Obtain written consent from a social worker",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on minors and consent for help.\n\nTo determine the most appropriate step in evaluating the minor, we need to find out which of these options would be considered the correct procedure for treating a minor in the US.\n\nAccording to the law, a minor can provide consent for medical care for certain conditions if she can demonstrate a level of maturity and understanding of the situation.\n\nIn this case, the girl is 15 years old and has presented with a medical concern. She has expressed concern about the condition and has the maturity to understand the situation.\n\nIn the US, minors are allowed to consent for treatment of sexually transmitted infections, pregnancy, and reproductive health.\n\nGiven the information that the girl has reported difficulty passing stools and is concerned about a rectal problem, it is likely that she is seeking care for a reproductive health-related condition.\n\nIn the US, the Girl's Health and Responsibility Act of 2001, Title X Family Planning, and various state laws allow minors to consent for reproductive health care without parental permission.\n\nTherefore, accepting the girl's consent as sufficient is the most appropriate step prior to evaluating her rectal problem.\n\nThe answer is (I).",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
I
|
I
| 0.94079
| true
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"content": "The following are multiple choice questions (with answers) about health. Think step by step and then finish your answer with \"the answer is (X)\" where X is the correct letter choice.\nEach reasoning step in your response should end with two line breaks.",
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"content": "Which of the following is the body cavity that contains the pituitary gland?\nA. Ventral\nB. Dorsal\nC. Buccal\nD. Thoracic\nE. Pericardial\nF. Abdominal\nG. Spinal\nH. Pelvic\nI. Pleural\nJ. Cranial",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on anatomy for help.\n\nLet’s solve this problem step by step.\n\nThe pituitary gland is the major endocrine gland attached to the base of the brain, and it is contained in the Cranial cavity.\n\nThe answer is (J).",
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"content": "What is the embryological origin of the hyoid bone?\nA. The third and fourth pharyngeal arches\nB. The fourth pharyngeal arch\nC. The third pharyngeal arch\nD. The second pharyngeal arch\nE. The second, third and fourth pharyngeal arches\nF. The first pharyngeal arch\nG. The second and third pharyngeal arches\nH. The first and third pharyngeal arches\nI. The first, second and third pharyngeal arches\nJ. The first and second pharyngeal arches",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on anatomy for help.\n\nLet’s solve this problem step by step.\n\nThe hyoid bone, which is also known as the hyooid, is a a small U-shaped bone located in the anterior neck.\n\nIn its resting position, it lies between the ase of the mandible and the third cervical vertebrae.\n\nWe know that the second and the third pharyngeal arches give rise to the horns of the hyoid bone; therefore, the embryological origin of the hyoid bone are the second and the third pharyngeal arches—this information is covered in option (G).\n\nTherefore, we conclude that (G) must be the correct answer.\n\nThe answer is (G).",
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"content": "What is the difference between a male and a female catheter?\nA. Female catheters are used more frequently than male catheters.\nB. Male catheters are bigger than female catheters.\nC. Male catheters are more flexible than female catheters.\nD. Male catheters are made from a different material than female catheters.\nE. Female catheters are longer than male catheters.\nF. Male catheters are longer than female catheters.\nG. Female catheters are bigger than male catheters.\nH. Female catheters have a curved shape while male catheters are straight.\nI. Male and female catheters are different colours.\nJ. Male catheters have a smaller diameter than female catheters.",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on clinical knowledge for help.\n\nThe difference between a male and female catheter is that male catheters tend to be longer than female catheters.\n\nThe answer is (F).",
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"content": "How many attempts should you make to cannulate a patient before passing the job on to a senior colleague, according to the medical knowledge of 2020?\nA. 1\nB. Unlimited attempts\nC. 5\nD. 0, always pass on to a senior colleague\nE. 7\nF. 2\nG. 4\nH. 6\nI. 3\nJ. 8",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on clinical knowledge for help.\n\nAccording to the medical protocol as of 2020, you should make two attempts to cannulate a patient before passing the job on to a more-senior practitioner.\n\nThe answer is (F).",
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"content": "Why are parvoviruses a highly impactful parasite?\nA. They are able to alter the host's DNA\nB. Because they have no nucleic acid\nC. They can survive in extreme temperatures\nD. Only replicate in dividing cells\nE. They can infect multiple species\nF. They don't require a host to survive\nG. Can integrate into host chromosomes",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on virology for help.\n\nParoviruses are highly impactful because they do not have nucleic acid.\n\nThe answer is (B).",
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"content": "A 15-year-old girl comes to the emergency department because, she says, \"something has been sticking out of my bottom since I had a bowel movement this morning.\" She has not had previous episodes, although for more than 1 year she has had occasional difficulty passing stools. She is not in pain but is afraid to move her bowels for fear that the problem will worsen. She tells you that she moved away from home more than a year ago and that her parents contribute nothing to her support. She has a 6-month-old child and lives with a 28-year-old female cousin. She has never been married and does not work or attend school. She has no other symptoms. In order to follow the correct procedure for treating a minor, which of the following is the most appropriate step prior to evaluating this patient's rectal problem?\nA. Obtain written consent from her 28-year-old cousin\nB. Obtain written consent from at least one of her parents\nC. Obtain a court order permitting evaluation\nD. Obtain the written consent of at least two licensed physicians\nE. Obtain the girl's consent in the presence of a witness\nF. Obtain written consent from the child's father\nG. Obtain verbal consent from at least one of her parents\nH. Wait until the girl turns 16 to perform the evaluation\nI. Accept the girl's consent as sufficient\nJ. Obtain written consent from a social worker",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on child protection and minors for help.\n\nIn the United States, when treating a minor, it is essential to follow the procedure for obtaining consent.\n\nThe procedure for treating minors is as follows: minors are generally defined as individuals under the age of 18. For minors who are 14 and above, they are considered mature minors if they demonstrate a level of maturity and understanding. However, minors aged 14-17 may obtain consent by themselves for a medical procedure if it involves a minor's reproductive or sexual health. \n\nHowever, in this scenario, if it appears the minor may be in need of abortion or other reproductive services, physicians should not automatically rely on the minor's consent, but instead, they should follow state-specific laws. They should make a good-faith effort to inform both parents. If that's not possible, they should allow the minor to obtain a judicial bypass of the parental notification requirement or inform an alternative adult, such as a grandparent. \n\nHowever, for this scenario, the patient faces difficulty passing stools. Given that the issue isn't reproductive-related and the patient is under 14, for minors between 13 and under, parental consent is required if the parents are known and reachable.\n\nIn this case, though the girl is afraid to move her bowels, the condition isn't reproductive-related, but since the parents are \"not contributing to her support,\" then parental consent might be difficult to obtain, though reasonable efforts should still be made. \n\nTo follow the correct procedure for treating a minor for this type of non-reproductive concern, it would be best to attempt to obtain written consent from at least one of her parents, unless there is an established procedure for dealing with uncooperative parents.\n\nHowever, another option is for the surgeon to decide to accept the girl's consent if they are able to verify her age and maturity level. \n\nGiven the girl's age (15) and the fact that she's concerned about not moving her bowels, it is likely she is mature enough to give informed consent for her care. She's also having a significant problem that requires medical intervention with potential long term consequences.\n\nSince there is no indication the parents are involved or will be involved, and the minor is 15—so not a minor as per the age definition of 14 or under—it seems that attempting to contact the parents would be futile.\n\nTherefore, (I) is the best option.\n\n\n\nThe answer is (I).",
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"content": "The following are multiple choice questions (with answers) about health. Think step by step and then finish your answer with \"the answer is (X)\" where X is the correct letter choice.\nEach reasoning step in your response should end with two line breaks.",
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"content": "Which of the following is the body cavity that contains the pituitary gland?\nA. Ventral\nB. Dorsal\nC. Buccal\nD. Thoracic\nE. Pericardial\nF. Abdominal\nG. Spinal\nH. Pelvic\nI. Pleural\nJ. Cranial",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on anatomy for help.\n\nLet’s solve this problem step by step.\n\nThe pituitary gland is the major endocrine gland attached to the base of the brain, and it is contained in the Cranial cavity.\n\nThe answer is (J).",
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"content": "What is the embryological origin of the hyoid bone?\nA. The third and fourth pharyngeal arches\nB. The fourth pharyngeal arch\nC. The third pharyngeal arch\nD. The second pharyngeal arch\nE. The second, third and fourth pharyngeal arches\nF. The first pharyngeal arch\nG. The second and third pharyngeal arches\nH. The first and third pharyngeal arches\nI. The first, second and third pharyngeal arches\nJ. The first and second pharyngeal arches",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on anatomy for help.\n\nLet’s solve this problem step by step.\n\nThe hyoid bone, which is also known as the hyooid, is a a small U-shaped bone located in the anterior neck.\n\nIn its resting position, it lies between the ase of the mandible and the third cervical vertebrae.\n\nWe know that the second and the third pharyngeal arches give rise to the horns of the hyoid bone; therefore, the embryological origin of the hyoid bone are the second and the third pharyngeal arches—this information is covered in option (G).\n\nTherefore, we conclude that (G) must be the correct answer.\n\nThe answer is (G).",
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"content": "What is the difference between a male and a female catheter?\nA. Female catheters are used more frequently than male catheters.\nB. Male catheters are bigger than female catheters.\nC. Male catheters are more flexible than female catheters.\nD. Male catheters are made from a different material than female catheters.\nE. Female catheters are longer than male catheters.\nF. Male catheters are longer than female catheters.\nG. Female catheters are bigger than male catheters.\nH. Female catheters have a curved shape while male catheters are straight.\nI. Male and female catheters are different colours.\nJ. Male catheters have a smaller diameter than female catheters.",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on clinical knowledge for help.\n\nThe difference between a male and female catheter is that male catheters tend to be longer than female catheters.\n\nThe answer is (F).",
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"content": "How many attempts should you make to cannulate a patient before passing the job on to a senior colleague, according to the medical knowledge of 2020?\nA. 1\nB. Unlimited attempts\nC. 5\nD. 0, always pass on to a senior colleague\nE. 7\nF. 2\nG. 4\nH. 6\nI. 3\nJ. 8",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on clinical knowledge for help.\n\nAccording to the medical protocol as of 2020, you should make two attempts to cannulate a patient before passing the job on to a more-senior practitioner.\n\nThe answer is (F).",
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"content": "Why are parvoviruses a highly impactful parasite?\nA. They are able to alter the host's DNA\nB. Because they have no nucleic acid\nC. They can survive in extreme temperatures\nD. Only replicate in dividing cells\nE. They can infect multiple species\nF. They don't require a host to survive\nG. Can integrate into host chromosomes",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on virology for help.\n\nParoviruses are highly impactful because they do not have nucleic acid.\n\nThe answer is (B).",
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"content": "A 15-year-old girl comes to the emergency department because, she says, \"something has been sticking out of my bottom since I had a bowel movement this morning.\" She has not had previous episodes, although for more than 1 year she has had occasional difficulty passing stools. She is not in pain but is afraid to move her bowels for fear that the problem will worsen. She tells you that she moved away from home more than a year ago and that her parents contribute nothing to her support. She has a 6-month-old child and lives with a 28-year-old female cousin. She has never been married and does not work or attend school. She has no other symptoms. In order to follow the correct procedure for treating a minor, which of the following is the most appropriate step prior to evaluating this patient's rectal problem?\nA. Obtain written consent from her 28-year-old cousin\nB. Obtain written consent from at least one of her parents\nC. Obtain a court order permitting evaluation\nD. Obtain the written consent of at least two licensed physicians\nE. Obtain the girl's consent in the presence of a witness\nF. Obtain written consent from the child's father\nG. Obtain verbal consent from at least one of her parents\nH. Wait until the girl turns 16 to perform the evaluation\nI. Accept the girl's consent as sufficient\nJ. Obtain written consent from a social worker",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on minor consent laws for help.\n\nIn most jurisdictions, a minor can consent to medical treatment for themselves without parental permission, as long as the minor is deemed mature enough to make an informed decision.\n\nThis patient is 15 years old, but since she has an unrelated child and lives independently, she may be considered mature enough to provide her own consent for medical treatment.\n\nIn this case, the best practice is to obtain the patient's consent in the presence of a witness.\n\nThe answer is (E).\n\n",
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{
"content": "The following are multiple choice questions (with answers) about health. Think step by step and then finish your answer with \"the answer is (X)\" where X is the correct letter choice.\nEach reasoning step in your response should end with two line breaks.",
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"content": "Which of the following is the body cavity that contains the pituitary gland?\nA. Ventral\nB. Dorsal\nC. Buccal\nD. Thoracic\nE. Pericardial\nF. Abdominal\nG. Spinal\nH. Pelvic\nI. Pleural\nJ. Cranial",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on anatomy for help.\n\nLet’s solve this problem step by step.\n\nThe pituitary gland is the major endocrine gland attached to the base of the brain, and it is contained in the Cranial cavity.\n\nThe answer is (J).",
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"content": "What is the embryological origin of the hyoid bone?\nA. The third and fourth pharyngeal arches\nB. The fourth pharyngeal arch\nC. The third pharyngeal arch\nD. The second pharyngeal arch\nE. The second, third and fourth pharyngeal arches\nF. The first pharyngeal arch\nG. The second and third pharyngeal arches\nH. The first and third pharyngeal arches\nI. The first, second and third pharyngeal arches\nJ. The first and second pharyngeal arches",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on anatomy for help.\n\nLet’s solve this problem step by step.\n\nThe hyoid bone, which is also known as the hyooid, is a a small U-shaped bone located in the anterior neck.\n\nIn its resting position, it lies between the ase of the mandible and the third cervical vertebrae.\n\nWe know that the second and the third pharyngeal arches give rise to the horns of the hyoid bone; therefore, the embryological origin of the hyoid bone are the second and the third pharyngeal arches—this information is covered in option (G).\n\nTherefore, we conclude that (G) must be the correct answer.\n\nThe answer is (G).",
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"content": "What is the difference between a male and a female catheter?\nA. Female catheters are used more frequently than male catheters.\nB. Male catheters are bigger than female catheters.\nC. Male catheters are more flexible than female catheters.\nD. Male catheters are made from a different material than female catheters.\nE. Female catheters are longer than male catheters.\nF. Male catheters are longer than female catheters.\nG. Female catheters are bigger than male catheters.\nH. Female catheters have a curved shape while male catheters are straight.\nI. Male and female catheters are different colours.\nJ. Male catheters have a smaller diameter than female catheters.",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on clinical knowledge for help.\n\nThe difference between a male and female catheter is that male catheters tend to be longer than female catheters.\n\nThe answer is (F).",
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"content": "How many attempts should you make to cannulate a patient before passing the job on to a senior colleague, according to the medical knowledge of 2020?\nA. 1\nB. Unlimited attempts\nC. 5\nD. 0, always pass on to a senior colleague\nE. 7\nF. 2\nG. 4\nH. 6\nI. 3\nJ. 8",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on clinical knowledge for help.\n\nAccording to the medical protocol as of 2020, you should make two attempts to cannulate a patient before passing the job on to a more-senior practitioner.\n\nThe answer is (F).",
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"content": "Why are parvoviruses a highly impactful parasite?\nA. They are able to alter the host's DNA\nB. Because they have no nucleic acid\nC. They can survive in extreme temperatures\nD. Only replicate in dividing cells\nE. They can infect multiple species\nF. They don't require a host to survive\nG. Can integrate into host chromosomes",
"role": "user"
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on virology for help.\n\nParoviruses are highly impactful because they do not have nucleic acid.\n\nThe answer is (B).",
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"content": "A 15-year-old girl comes to the emergency department because, she says, \"something has been sticking out of my bottom since I had a bowel movement this morning.\" She has not had previous episodes, although for more than 1 year she has had occasional difficulty passing stools. She is not in pain but is afraid to move her bowels for fear that the problem will worsen. She tells you that she moved away from home more than a year ago and that her parents contribute nothing to her support. She has a 6-month-old child and lives with a 28-year-old female cousin. She has never been married and does not work or attend school. She has no other symptoms. In order to follow the correct procedure for treating a minor, which of the following is the most appropriate step prior to evaluating this patient's rectal problem?\nA. Obtain written consent from her 28-year-old cousin\nB. Obtain written consent from at least one of her parents\nC. Obtain a court order permitting evaluation\nD. Obtain the written consent of at least two licensed physicians\nE. Obtain the girl's consent in the presence of a witness\nF. Obtain written consent from the child's father\nG. Obtain verbal consent from at least one of her parents\nH. Wait until the girl turns 16 to perform the evaluation\nI. Accept the girl's consent as sufficient\nJ. Obtain written consent from a social worker",
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"content": "We refer to the Minor's Consent to Medical Treatment laws, which vary by state or country.\n\nAccording to these laws, in many jurisdictions, a competent 14- to 17-year-old minor can consent to many medical services, including those related to health, without parental consent.\n\nHowever, if the minor is a minor in need of support, such as in this scenario where the girl lives away from home and receives no support from her parents, then the laws of many jurisdictions require that consent be obtained from the girl or another appropriate adult due to her status being that of a \"minor in need of support\" due to her circumstances.\n\nHence considering the girl's circumstances, it is more likely that obtaining the girl's consent in the presence of a witness would be the most appropriate step, as she is 15 and a minor in need of support, and therefore does not require parental consent for the initial evaluation.\n\nThe answer is (E).\n\n",
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{
"content": "The following are multiple choice questions (with answers) about health. Think step by step and then finish your answer with \"the answer is (X)\" where X is the correct letter choice.\nEach reasoning step in your response should end with two line breaks.",
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"content": "Which of the following is the body cavity that contains the pituitary gland?\nA. Ventral\nB. Dorsal\nC. Buccal\nD. Thoracic\nE. Pericardial\nF. Abdominal\nG. Spinal\nH. Pelvic\nI. Pleural\nJ. Cranial",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on anatomy for help.\n\nLet’s solve this problem step by step.\n\nThe pituitary gland is the major endocrine gland attached to the base of the brain, and it is contained in the Cranial cavity.\n\nThe answer is (J).",
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"content": "What is the embryological origin of the hyoid bone?\nA. The third and fourth pharyngeal arches\nB. The fourth pharyngeal arch\nC. The third pharyngeal arch\nD. The second pharyngeal arch\nE. The second, third and fourth pharyngeal arches\nF. The first pharyngeal arch\nG. The second and third pharyngeal arches\nH. The first and third pharyngeal arches\nI. The first, second and third pharyngeal arches\nJ. The first and second pharyngeal arches",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on anatomy for help.\n\nLet’s solve this problem step by step.\n\nThe hyoid bone, which is also known as the hyooid, is a a small U-shaped bone located in the anterior neck.\n\nIn its resting position, it lies between the ase of the mandible and the third cervical vertebrae.\n\nWe know that the second and the third pharyngeal arches give rise to the horns of the hyoid bone; therefore, the embryological origin of the hyoid bone are the second and the third pharyngeal arches—this information is covered in option (G).\n\nTherefore, we conclude that (G) must be the correct answer.\n\nThe answer is (G).",
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"content": "What is the difference between a male and a female catheter?\nA. Female catheters are used more frequently than male catheters.\nB. Male catheters are bigger than female catheters.\nC. Male catheters are more flexible than female catheters.\nD. Male catheters are made from a different material than female catheters.\nE. Female catheters are longer than male catheters.\nF. Male catheters are longer than female catheters.\nG. Female catheters are bigger than male catheters.\nH. Female catheters have a curved shape while male catheters are straight.\nI. Male and female catheters are different colours.\nJ. Male catheters have a smaller diameter than female catheters.",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on clinical knowledge for help.\n\nThe difference between a male and female catheter is that male catheters tend to be longer than female catheters.\n\nThe answer is (F).",
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"content": "How many attempts should you make to cannulate a patient before passing the job on to a senior colleague, according to the medical knowledge of 2020?\nA. 1\nB. Unlimited attempts\nC. 5\nD. 0, always pass on to a senior colleague\nE. 7\nF. 2\nG. 4\nH. 6\nI. 3\nJ. 8",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on clinical knowledge for help.\n\nAccording to the medical protocol as of 2020, you should make two attempts to cannulate a patient before passing the job on to a more-senior practitioner.\n\nThe answer is (F).",
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"content": "Why are parvoviruses a highly impactful parasite?\nA. They are able to alter the host's DNA\nB. Because they have no nucleic acid\nC. They can survive in extreme temperatures\nD. Only replicate in dividing cells\nE. They can infect multiple species\nF. They don't require a host to survive\nG. Can integrate into host chromosomes",
"role": "user"
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on virology for help.\n\nParoviruses are highly impactful because they do not have nucleic acid.\n\nThe answer is (B).",
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"content": "A 15-year-old girl comes to the emergency department because, she says, \"something has been sticking out of my bottom since I had a bowel movement this morning.\" She has not had previous episodes, although for more than 1 year she has had occasional difficulty passing stools. She is not in pain but is afraid to move her bowels for fear that the problem will worsen. She tells you that she moved away from home more than a year ago and that her parents contribute nothing to her support. She has a 6-month-old child and lives with a 28-year-old female cousin. She has never been married and does not work or attend school. She has no other symptoms. In order to follow the correct procedure for treating a minor, which of the following is the most appropriate step prior to evaluating this patient's rectal problem?\nA. Obtain written consent from her 28-year-old cousin\nB. Obtain written consent from at least one of her parents\nC. Obtain a court order permitting evaluation\nD. Obtain the written consent of at least two licensed physicians\nE. Obtain the girl's consent in the presence of a witness\nF. Obtain written consent from the child's father\nG. Obtain verbal consent from at least one of her parents\nH. Wait until the girl turns 16 to perform the evaluation\nI. Accept the girl's consent as sufficient\nJ. Obtain written consent from a social worker",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on medical ethics, the age of majority, and the family law for help.\n\nIn the U.S., the age of majority varies from state to state but the majority of states have the age of 18, with a few states having it at 19 or 21.\n\nHowever, the medical community in the U.S. generally follows the \"Mature Minor Doctrine,\" which states that minors who are deemed mature enough to make their own medical decisions should be able to consent to medical procedures.\n\nThis doctrine is most often applied to minors aged 14 to 17, but the decision of whether a minor is mature enough should be made on a case-by-case basis by the healthcare provider.\n\nIn this scenario, a 15-year-old girl is being evaluated, and she has expressed a desire for medical treatment. She is appearing alone, but no other minors are present. The girl has a child, which indicates she has some level of maturity and responsibility.\n\nTaking into account the Mature Minor Doctrine, it is reasonable to accept the girl's consent as sufficient for initial evaluation.\n\nThe answer is (I).",
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"content": "The following are multiple choice questions (with answers) about health. Think step by step and then finish your answer with \"the answer is (X)\" where X is the correct letter choice.\nEach reasoning step in your response should end with two line breaks.",
"role": "system"
},
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"content": "Which of the following is the body cavity that contains the pituitary gland?\nA. Ventral\nB. Dorsal\nC. Buccal\nD. Thoracic\nE. Pericardial\nF. Abdominal\nG. Spinal\nH. Pelvic\nI. Pleural\nJ. Cranial",
"role": "user"
},
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on anatomy for help.\n\nLet’s solve this problem step by step.\n\nThe pituitary gland is the major endocrine gland attached to the base of the brain, and it is contained in the Cranial cavity.\n\nThe answer is (J).",
"role": "assistant"
},
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"content": "What is the embryological origin of the hyoid bone?\nA. The third and fourth pharyngeal arches\nB. The fourth pharyngeal arch\nC. The third pharyngeal arch\nD. The second pharyngeal arch\nE. The second, third and fourth pharyngeal arches\nF. The first pharyngeal arch\nG. The second and third pharyngeal arches\nH. The first and third pharyngeal arches\nI. The first, second and third pharyngeal arches\nJ. The first and second pharyngeal arches",
"role": "user"
},
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on anatomy for help.\n\nLet’s solve this problem step by step.\n\nThe hyoid bone, which is also known as the hyooid, is a a small U-shaped bone located in the anterior neck.\n\nIn its resting position, it lies between the ase of the mandible and the third cervical vertebrae.\n\nWe know that the second and the third pharyngeal arches give rise to the horns of the hyoid bone; therefore, the embryological origin of the hyoid bone are the second and the third pharyngeal arches—this information is covered in option (G).\n\nTherefore, we conclude that (G) must be the correct answer.\n\nThe answer is (G).",
"role": "assistant"
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"content": "What is the difference between a male and a female catheter?\nA. Female catheters are used more frequently than male catheters.\nB. Male catheters are bigger than female catheters.\nC. Male catheters are more flexible than female catheters.\nD. Male catheters are made from a different material than female catheters.\nE. Female catheters are longer than male catheters.\nF. Male catheters are longer than female catheters.\nG. Female catheters are bigger than male catheters.\nH. Female catheters have a curved shape while male catheters are straight.\nI. Male and female catheters are different colours.\nJ. Male catheters have a smaller diameter than female catheters.",
"role": "user"
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on clinical knowledge for help.\n\nThe difference between a male and female catheter is that male catheters tend to be longer than female catheters.\n\nThe answer is (F).",
"role": "assistant"
},
{
"content": "How many attempts should you make to cannulate a patient before passing the job on to a senior colleague, according to the medical knowledge of 2020?\nA. 1\nB. Unlimited attempts\nC. 5\nD. 0, always pass on to a senior colleague\nE. 7\nF. 2\nG. 4\nH. 6\nI. 3\nJ. 8",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on clinical knowledge for help.\n\nAccording to the medical protocol as of 2020, you should make two attempts to cannulate a patient before passing the job on to a more-senior practitioner.\n\nThe answer is (F).",
"role": "assistant"
},
{
"content": "Why are parvoviruses a highly impactful parasite?\nA. They are able to alter the host's DNA\nB. Because they have no nucleic acid\nC. They can survive in extreme temperatures\nD. Only replicate in dividing cells\nE. They can infect multiple species\nF. They don't require a host to survive\nG. Can integrate into host chromosomes",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on virology for help.\n\nParoviruses are highly impactful because they do not have nucleic acid.\n\nThe answer is (B).",
"role": "assistant"
},
{
"content": "A 15-year-old girl comes to the emergency department because, she says, \"something has been sticking out of my bottom since I had a bowel movement this morning.\" She has not had previous episodes, although for more than 1 year she has had occasional difficulty passing stools. She is not in pain but is afraid to move her bowels for fear that the problem will worsen. She tells you that she moved away from home more than a year ago and that her parents contribute nothing to her support. She has a 6-month-old child and lives with a 28-year-old female cousin. She has never been married and does not work or attend school. She has no other symptoms. In order to follow the correct procedure for treating a minor, which of the following is the most appropriate step prior to evaluating this patient's rectal problem?\nA. Obtain written consent from her 28-year-old cousin\nB. Obtain written consent from at least one of her parents\nC. Obtain a court order permitting evaluation\nD. Obtain the written consent of at least two licensed physicians\nE. Obtain the girl's consent in the presence of a witness\nF. Obtain written consent from the child's father\nG. Obtain verbal consent from at least one of her parents\nH. Wait until the girl turns 16 to perform the evaluation\nI. Accept the girl's consent as sufficient\nJ. Obtain written consent from a social worker",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "We refer to the rules and regulations of the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) for help.\n\nIn this scenario, the girl is seeking medical treatment for a potential medical issue, therefore, it is appropriate to obtain her consent before proceeding.\n\nHowever, the girl is a minor, which means that she is under the age of 18. In order to follow the correct procedure for treating a minor, and in the presence of a medical emergency, the girl's consent alone is not sufficient.\n\nAccording to the HIPAA rules, a parent or guardian's consent is not required for a minor to receive medical treatment in a life-threatening emergency.\n\nTherefore, if the medical provider believes that the girl's condition is a medical emergency, they can proceed with treatment without parental consent. However, if there are no immediate life-threatening symptoms, it would be best to obtain the girl's consent in the presence of a witness.\n\nThe answer is (E).",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
E
|
I
| 0.338077
| false
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"content": "The following are multiple choice questions (with answers) about health. Think step by step and then finish your answer with \"the answer is (X)\" where X is the correct letter choice.\nEach reasoning step in your response should end with two line breaks.",
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"content": "Which of the following is the body cavity that contains the pituitary gland?\nA. Ventral\nB. Dorsal\nC. Buccal\nD. Thoracic\nE. Pericardial\nF. Abdominal\nG. Spinal\nH. Pelvic\nI. Pleural\nJ. Cranial",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on anatomy for help.\n\nLet’s solve this problem step by step.\n\nThe pituitary gland is the major endocrine gland attached to the base of the brain, and it is contained in the Cranial cavity.\n\nThe answer is (J).",
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"content": "What is the embryological origin of the hyoid bone?\nA. The third and fourth pharyngeal arches\nB. The fourth pharyngeal arch\nC. The third pharyngeal arch\nD. The second pharyngeal arch\nE. The second, third and fourth pharyngeal arches\nF. The first pharyngeal arch\nG. The second and third pharyngeal arches\nH. The first and third pharyngeal arches\nI. The first, second and third pharyngeal arches\nJ. The first and second pharyngeal arches",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on anatomy for help.\n\nLet’s solve this problem step by step.\n\nThe hyoid bone, which is also known as the hyooid, is a a small U-shaped bone located in the anterior neck.\n\nIn its resting position, it lies between the ase of the mandible and the third cervical vertebrae.\n\nWe know that the second and the third pharyngeal arches give rise to the horns of the hyoid bone; therefore, the embryological origin of the hyoid bone are the second and the third pharyngeal arches—this information is covered in option (G).\n\nTherefore, we conclude that (G) must be the correct answer.\n\nThe answer is (G).",
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"content": "What is the difference between a male and a female catheter?\nA. Female catheters are used more frequently than male catheters.\nB. Male catheters are bigger than female catheters.\nC. Male catheters are more flexible than female catheters.\nD. Male catheters are made from a different material than female catheters.\nE. Female catheters are longer than male catheters.\nF. Male catheters are longer than female catheters.\nG. Female catheters are bigger than male catheters.\nH. Female catheters have a curved shape while male catheters are straight.\nI. Male and female catheters are different colours.\nJ. Male catheters have a smaller diameter than female catheters.",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on clinical knowledge for help.\n\nThe difference between a male and female catheter is that male catheters tend to be longer than female catheters.\n\nThe answer is (F).",
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"content": "How many attempts should you make to cannulate a patient before passing the job on to a senior colleague, according to the medical knowledge of 2020?\nA. 1\nB. Unlimited attempts\nC. 5\nD. 0, always pass on to a senior colleague\nE. 7\nF. 2\nG. 4\nH. 6\nI. 3\nJ. 8",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on clinical knowledge for help.\n\nAccording to the medical protocol as of 2020, you should make two attempts to cannulate a patient before passing the job on to a more-senior practitioner.\n\nThe answer is (F).",
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"content": "Why are parvoviruses a highly impactful parasite?\nA. They are able to alter the host's DNA\nB. Because they have no nucleic acid\nC. They can survive in extreme temperatures\nD. Only replicate in dividing cells\nE. They can infect multiple species\nF. They don't require a host to survive\nG. Can integrate into host chromosomes",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on virology for help.\n\nParoviruses are highly impactful because they do not have nucleic acid.\n\nThe answer is (B).",
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"content": "A 15-year-old girl comes to the emergency department because, she says, \"something has been sticking out of my bottom since I had a bowel movement this morning.\" She has not had previous episodes, although for more than 1 year she has had occasional difficulty passing stools. She is not in pain but is afraid to move her bowels for fear that the problem will worsen. She tells you that she moved away from home more than a year ago and that her parents contribute nothing to her support. She has a 6-month-old child and lives with a 28-year-old female cousin. She has never been married and does not work or attend school. She has no other symptoms. In order to follow the correct procedure for treating a minor, which of the following is the most appropriate step prior to evaluating this patient's rectal problem?\nA. Obtain written consent from her 28-year-old cousin\nB. Obtain written consent from at least one of her parents\nC. Obtain a court order permitting evaluation\nD. Obtain the written consent of at least two licensed physicians\nE. Obtain the girl's consent in the presence of a witness\nF. Obtain written consent from the child's father\nG. Obtain verbal consent from at least one of her parents\nH. Wait until the girl turns 16 to perform the evaluation\nI. Accept the girl's consent as sufficient\nJ. Obtain written consent from a social worker",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on minors and the medical treatment of minors for help.\n\nAccording to the laws in most jurisdictions, when a minor comes to the emergency department, doctors are permitted to provide treatment without parental consent if the minor is emancipated or if the minor consents to the treatment.\n\nHowever, since this patient is 15 years old and not emancipated, prior parental consent is required if she is deemed incapable of consenting for herself.\n\nIn this situation, if she is deemed incapable of consenting for herself, but she has no parents supporting her, a court order may be needed, but this could be time-consuming and may not be the best option given the urgent nature of her situation.\n\nSince she has no parents contributing to her support, the best option is to involve child protective services and to obtain a court order permitting evaluation.\n\nThe answer is (C).",
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"content": "The following are multiple choice questions (with answers) about health. Think step by step and then finish your answer with \"the answer is (X)\" where X is the correct letter choice.\nEach reasoning step in your response should end with two line breaks.",
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"content": "Which of the following is the body cavity that contains the pituitary gland?\nA. Ventral\nB. Dorsal\nC. Buccal\nD. Thoracic\nE. Pericardial\nF. Abdominal\nG. Spinal\nH. Pelvic\nI. Pleural\nJ. Cranial",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on anatomy for help.\n\nLet’s solve this problem step by step.\n\nThe pituitary gland is the major endocrine gland attached to the base of the brain, and it is contained in the Cranial cavity.\n\nThe answer is (J).",
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"content": "What is the embryological origin of the hyoid bone?\nA. The third and fourth pharyngeal arches\nB. The fourth pharyngeal arch\nC. The third pharyngeal arch\nD. The second pharyngeal arch\nE. The second, third and fourth pharyngeal arches\nF. The first pharyngeal arch\nG. The second and third pharyngeal arches\nH. The first and third pharyngeal arches\nI. The first, second and third pharyngeal arches\nJ. The first and second pharyngeal arches",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on anatomy for help.\n\nLet’s solve this problem step by step.\n\nThe hyoid bone, which is also known as the hyooid, is a a small U-shaped bone located in the anterior neck.\n\nIn its resting position, it lies between the ase of the mandible and the third cervical vertebrae.\n\nWe know that the second and the third pharyngeal arches give rise to the horns of the hyoid bone; therefore, the embryological origin of the hyoid bone are the second and the third pharyngeal arches—this information is covered in option (G).\n\nTherefore, we conclude that (G) must be the correct answer.\n\nThe answer is (G).",
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"content": "What is the difference between a male and a female catheter?\nA. Female catheters are used more frequently than male catheters.\nB. Male catheters are bigger than female catheters.\nC. Male catheters are more flexible than female catheters.\nD. Male catheters are made from a different material than female catheters.\nE. Female catheters are longer than male catheters.\nF. Male catheters are longer than female catheters.\nG. Female catheters are bigger than male catheters.\nH. Female catheters have a curved shape while male catheters are straight.\nI. Male and female catheters are different colours.\nJ. Male catheters have a smaller diameter than female catheters.",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on clinical knowledge for help.\n\nThe difference between a male and female catheter is that male catheters tend to be longer than female catheters.\n\nThe answer is (F).",
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"content": "How many attempts should you make to cannulate a patient before passing the job on to a senior colleague, according to the medical knowledge of 2020?\nA. 1\nB. Unlimited attempts\nC. 5\nD. 0, always pass on to a senior colleague\nE. 7\nF. 2\nG. 4\nH. 6\nI. 3\nJ. 8",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on clinical knowledge for help.\n\nAccording to the medical protocol as of 2020, you should make two attempts to cannulate a patient before passing the job on to a more-senior practitioner.\n\nThe answer is (F).",
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"content": "Why are parvoviruses a highly impactful parasite?\nA. They are able to alter the host's DNA\nB. Because they have no nucleic acid\nC. They can survive in extreme temperatures\nD. Only replicate in dividing cells\nE. They can infect multiple species\nF. They don't require a host to survive\nG. Can integrate into host chromosomes",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on virology for help.\n\nParoviruses are highly impactful because they do not have nucleic acid.\n\nThe answer is (B).",
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"content": "A 15-year-old girl comes to the emergency department because, she says, \"something has been sticking out of my bottom since I had a bowel movement this morning.\" She has not had previous episodes, although for more than 1 year she has had occasional difficulty passing stools. She is not in pain but is afraid to move her bowels for fear that the problem will worsen. She tells you that she moved away from home more than a year ago and that her parents contribute nothing to her support. She has a 6-month-old child and lives with a 28-year-old female cousin. She has never been married and does not work or attend school. She has no other symptoms. In order to follow the correct procedure for treating a minor, which of the following is the most appropriate step prior to evaluating this patient's rectal problem?\nA. Obtain written consent from her 28-year-old cousin\nB. Obtain written consent from at least one of her parents\nC. Obtain a court order permitting evaluation\nD. Obtain the written consent of at least two licensed physicians\nE. Obtain the girl's consent in the presence of a witness\nF. Obtain written consent from the child's father\nG. Obtain verbal consent from at least one of her parents\nH. Wait until the girl turns 16 to perform the evaluation\nI. Accept the girl's consent as sufficient\nJ. Obtain written consent from a social worker",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on medical ethics for help.\n\nAccording to the laws and regulations regarding minors' consent in many countries, a minor (typically a 16-year-old in the US) has the right to consent to medical treatment for themselves if they are deemed emancipated.\n\nIn this case, the girl is 15 years old but has been emancipated by being away from home for more than a year and having a child of her own. As such, she is considered emancipated.\n\nThe most appropriate step in this situation is to obtain the girl's consent in the presence of a witness, as this will ensure that her rights are respected and that the evaluation can proceed.\n\nThe answer is (E).\n\n",
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"content": "The following are multiple choice questions (with answers) about health. Think step by step and then finish your answer with \"the answer is (X)\" where X is the correct letter choice.\nEach reasoning step in your response should end with two line breaks.",
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"content": "Which of the following is the body cavity that contains the pituitary gland?\nA. Ventral\nB. Dorsal\nC. Buccal\nD. Thoracic\nE. Pericardial\nF. Abdominal\nG. Spinal\nH. Pelvic\nI. Pleural\nJ. Cranial",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on anatomy for help.\n\nLet’s solve this problem step by step.\n\nThe pituitary gland is the major endocrine gland attached to the base of the brain, and it is contained in the Cranial cavity.\n\nThe answer is (J).",
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"content": "What is the embryological origin of the hyoid bone?\nA. The third and fourth pharyngeal arches\nB. The fourth pharyngeal arch\nC. The third pharyngeal arch\nD. The second pharyngeal arch\nE. The second, third and fourth pharyngeal arches\nF. The first pharyngeal arch\nG. The second and third pharyngeal arches\nH. The first and third pharyngeal arches\nI. The first, second and third pharyngeal arches\nJ. The first and second pharyngeal arches",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on anatomy for help.\n\nLet’s solve this problem step by step.\n\nThe hyoid bone, which is also known as the hyooid, is a a small U-shaped bone located in the anterior neck.\n\nIn its resting position, it lies between the ase of the mandible and the third cervical vertebrae.\n\nWe know that the second and the third pharyngeal arches give rise to the horns of the hyoid bone; therefore, the embryological origin of the hyoid bone are the second and the third pharyngeal arches—this information is covered in option (G).\n\nTherefore, we conclude that (G) must be the correct answer.\n\nThe answer is (G).",
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"content": "What is the difference between a male and a female catheter?\nA. Female catheters are used more frequently than male catheters.\nB. Male catheters are bigger than female catheters.\nC. Male catheters are more flexible than female catheters.\nD. Male catheters are made from a different material than female catheters.\nE. Female catheters are longer than male catheters.\nF. Male catheters are longer than female catheters.\nG. Female catheters are bigger than male catheters.\nH. Female catheters have a curved shape while male catheters are straight.\nI. Male and female catheters are different colours.\nJ. Male catheters have a smaller diameter than female catheters.",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on clinical knowledge for help.\n\nThe difference between a male and female catheter is that male catheters tend to be longer than female catheters.\n\nThe answer is (F).",
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"content": "How many attempts should you make to cannulate a patient before passing the job on to a senior colleague, according to the medical knowledge of 2020?\nA. 1\nB. Unlimited attempts\nC. 5\nD. 0, always pass on to a senior colleague\nE. 7\nF. 2\nG. 4\nH. 6\nI. 3\nJ. 8",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on clinical knowledge for help.\n\nAccording to the medical protocol as of 2020, you should make two attempts to cannulate a patient before passing the job on to a more-senior practitioner.\n\nThe answer is (F).",
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"content": "Why are parvoviruses a highly impactful parasite?\nA. They are able to alter the host's DNA\nB. Because they have no nucleic acid\nC. They can survive in extreme temperatures\nD. Only replicate in dividing cells\nE. They can infect multiple species\nF. They don't require a host to survive\nG. Can integrate into host chromosomes",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on virology for help.\n\nParoviruses are highly impactful because they do not have nucleic acid.\n\nThe answer is (B).",
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"content": "A 15-year-old girl comes to the emergency department because, she says, \"something has been sticking out of my bottom since I had a bowel movement this morning.\" She has not had previous episodes, although for more than 1 year she has had occasional difficulty passing stools. She is not in pain but is afraid to move her bowels for fear that the problem will worsen. She tells you that she moved away from home more than a year ago and that her parents contribute nothing to her support. She has a 6-month-old child and lives with a 28-year-old female cousin. She has never been married and does not work or attend school. She has no other symptoms. In order to follow the correct procedure for treating a minor, which of the following is the most appropriate step prior to evaluating this patient's rectal problem?\nA. Obtain written consent from her 28-year-old cousin\nB. Obtain written consent from at least one of her parents\nC. Obtain a court order permitting evaluation\nD. Obtain the written consent of at least two licensed physicians\nE. Obtain the girl's consent in the presence of a witness\nF. Obtain written consent from the child's father\nG. Obtain verbal consent from at least one of her parents\nH. Wait until the girl turns 16 to perform the evaluation\nI. Accept the girl's consent as sufficient\nJ. Obtain written consent from a social worker",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on minors and consent for help.\n\nTo determine the most appropriate step in evaluating the minor, we need to find out which of these options would be considered the correct procedure for treating a minor in the US.\n\nAccording to the law, a minor can provide consent for medical care for certain conditions if she can demonstrate a level of maturity and understanding of the situation.\n\nIn this case, the girl is 15 years old and has presented with a medical concern. She has expressed concern about the condition and has the maturity to understand the situation.\n\nIn the US, minors are allowed to consent for treatment of sexually transmitted infections, pregnancy, and reproductive health.\n\nGiven the information that the girl has reported difficulty passing stools and is concerned about a rectal problem, it is likely that she is seeking care for a reproductive health-related condition.\n\nIn the US, the Girl's Health and Responsibility Act of 2001, Title X Family Planning, and various state laws allow minors to consent for reproductive health care without parental permission.\n\nTherefore, accepting the girl's consent as sufficient is the most appropriate step prior to evaluating her rectal problem.\n\nThe answer is (I).",
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"content": "The following are multiple choice questions (with answers) about health. Think step by step and then finish your answer with \"the answer is (X)\" where X is the correct letter choice.\nEach reasoning step in your response should end with two line breaks.",
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"content": "Which of the following is the body cavity that contains the pituitary gland?\nA. Ventral\nB. Dorsal\nC. Buccal\nD. Thoracic\nE. Pericardial\nF. Abdominal\nG. Spinal\nH. Pelvic\nI. Pleural\nJ. Cranial",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on anatomy for help.\n\nLet’s solve this problem step by step.\n\nThe pituitary gland is the major endocrine gland attached to the base of the brain, and it is contained in the Cranial cavity.\n\nThe answer is (J).",
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"content": "What is the embryological origin of the hyoid bone?\nA. The third and fourth pharyngeal arches\nB. The fourth pharyngeal arch\nC. The third pharyngeal arch\nD. The second pharyngeal arch\nE. The second, third and fourth pharyngeal arches\nF. The first pharyngeal arch\nG. The second and third pharyngeal arches\nH. The first and third pharyngeal arches\nI. The first, second and third pharyngeal arches\nJ. The first and second pharyngeal arches",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on anatomy for help.\n\nLet’s solve this problem step by step.\n\nThe hyoid bone, which is also known as the hyooid, is a a small U-shaped bone located in the anterior neck.\n\nIn its resting position, it lies between the ase of the mandible and the third cervical vertebrae.\n\nWe know that the second and the third pharyngeal arches give rise to the horns of the hyoid bone; therefore, the embryological origin of the hyoid bone are the second and the third pharyngeal arches—this information is covered in option (G).\n\nTherefore, we conclude that (G) must be the correct answer.\n\nThe answer is (G).",
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"content": "What is the difference between a male and a female catheter?\nA. Female catheters are used more frequently than male catheters.\nB. Male catheters are bigger than female catheters.\nC. Male catheters are more flexible than female catheters.\nD. Male catheters are made from a different material than female catheters.\nE. Female catheters are longer than male catheters.\nF. Male catheters are longer than female catheters.\nG. Female catheters are bigger than male catheters.\nH. Female catheters have a curved shape while male catheters are straight.\nI. Male and female catheters are different colours.\nJ. Male catheters have a smaller diameter than female catheters.",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on clinical knowledge for help.\n\nThe difference between a male and female catheter is that male catheters tend to be longer than female catheters.\n\nThe answer is (F).",
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"content": "How many attempts should you make to cannulate a patient before passing the job on to a senior colleague, according to the medical knowledge of 2020?\nA. 1\nB. Unlimited attempts\nC. 5\nD. 0, always pass on to a senior colleague\nE. 7\nF. 2\nG. 4\nH. 6\nI. 3\nJ. 8",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on clinical knowledge for help.\n\nAccording to the medical protocol as of 2020, you should make two attempts to cannulate a patient before passing the job on to a more-senior practitioner.\n\nThe answer is (F).",
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"content": "Why are parvoviruses a highly impactful parasite?\nA. They are able to alter the host's DNA\nB. Because they have no nucleic acid\nC. They can survive in extreme temperatures\nD. Only replicate in dividing cells\nE. They can infect multiple species\nF. They don't require a host to survive\nG. Can integrate into host chromosomes",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on virology for help.\n\nParoviruses are highly impactful because they do not have nucleic acid.\n\nThe answer is (B).",
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"content": "A 15-year-old girl comes to the emergency department because, she says, \"something has been sticking out of my bottom since I had a bowel movement this morning.\" She has not had previous episodes, although for more than 1 year she has had occasional difficulty passing stools. She is not in pain but is afraid to move her bowels for fear that the problem will worsen. She tells you that she moved away from home more than a year ago and that her parents contribute nothing to her support. She has a 6-month-old child and lives with a 28-year-old female cousin. She has never been married and does not work or attend school. She has no other symptoms. In order to follow the correct procedure for treating a minor, which of the following is the most appropriate step prior to evaluating this patient's rectal problem?\nA. Obtain written consent from her 28-year-old cousin\nB. Obtain written consent from at least one of her parents\nC. Obtain a court order permitting evaluation\nD. Obtain the written consent of at least two licensed physicians\nE. Obtain the girl's consent in the presence of a witness\nF. Obtain written consent from the child's father\nG. Obtain verbal consent from at least one of her parents\nH. Wait until the girl turns 16 to perform the evaluation\nI. Accept the girl's consent as sufficient\nJ. Obtain written consent from a social worker",
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},
{
"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on minors and consent for help.\n\nTo determine the most appropriate step in evaluating the minor, we need to find out which of these options would be considered the correct procedure for treating a minor in the US.\n\nAccording to the law, a minor can provide consent for medical care for certain conditions if she can demonstrate a level of maturity and understanding of the situation.\n\nIn this case, the girl is 15 years old and has presented with a medical concern. She has expressed concern about the condition and has the maturity to understand the situation.\n\nIn the US, minors are allowed to consent for treatment of sexually transmitted infections, pregnancy, and reproductive health.\n\nGiven the information that the girl has reported difficulty passing stools and is concerned about a rectal problem, it is likely that she is seeking care for a reproductive health-related condition.\n\nIn the US, the Girl's Health and Responsibility Act of 2001, Title X Family Planning, and various state laws allow minors to consent for reproductive health care without parental permission.\n\nTherefore, accepting the girl's consent as sufficient is the most appropriate step prior to evaluating her rectal problem.\n\nThe answer is (I).",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
I
|
I
| 0.94079
| true
|
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"content": "The following are multiple choice questions (with answers) about health. Think step by step and then finish your answer with \"the answer is (X)\" where X is the correct letter choice.\nEach reasoning step in your response should end with two line breaks.",
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"content": "Which of the following is the body cavity that contains the pituitary gland?\nA. Ventral\nB. Dorsal\nC. Buccal\nD. Thoracic\nE. Pericardial\nF. Abdominal\nG. Spinal\nH. Pelvic\nI. Pleural\nJ. Cranial",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on anatomy for help.\n\nLet’s solve this problem step by step.\n\nThe pituitary gland is the major endocrine gland attached to the base of the brain, and it is contained in the Cranial cavity.\n\nThe answer is (J).",
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"content": "What is the embryological origin of the hyoid bone?\nA. The third and fourth pharyngeal arches\nB. The fourth pharyngeal arch\nC. The third pharyngeal arch\nD. The second pharyngeal arch\nE. The second, third and fourth pharyngeal arches\nF. The first pharyngeal arch\nG. The second and third pharyngeal arches\nH. The first and third pharyngeal arches\nI. The first, second and third pharyngeal arches\nJ. The first and second pharyngeal arches",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on anatomy for help.\n\nLet’s solve this problem step by step.\n\nThe hyoid bone, which is also known as the hyooid, is a a small U-shaped bone located in the anterior neck.\n\nIn its resting position, it lies between the ase of the mandible and the third cervical vertebrae.\n\nWe know that the second and the third pharyngeal arches give rise to the horns of the hyoid bone; therefore, the embryological origin of the hyoid bone are the second and the third pharyngeal arches—this information is covered in option (G).\n\nTherefore, we conclude that (G) must be the correct answer.\n\nThe answer is (G).",
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"content": "What is the difference between a male and a female catheter?\nA. Female catheters are used more frequently than male catheters.\nB. Male catheters are bigger than female catheters.\nC. Male catheters are more flexible than female catheters.\nD. Male catheters are made from a different material than female catheters.\nE. Female catheters are longer than male catheters.\nF. Male catheters are longer than female catheters.\nG. Female catheters are bigger than male catheters.\nH. Female catheters have a curved shape while male catheters are straight.\nI. Male and female catheters are different colours.\nJ. Male catheters have a smaller diameter than female catheters.",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on clinical knowledge for help.\n\nThe difference between a male and female catheter is that male catheters tend to be longer than female catheters.\n\nThe answer is (F).",
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"content": "How many attempts should you make to cannulate a patient before passing the job on to a senior colleague, according to the medical knowledge of 2020?\nA. 1\nB. Unlimited attempts\nC. 5\nD. 0, always pass on to a senior colleague\nE. 7\nF. 2\nG. 4\nH. 6\nI. 3\nJ. 8",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on clinical knowledge for help.\n\nAccording to the medical protocol as of 2020, you should make two attempts to cannulate a patient before passing the job on to a more-senior practitioner.\n\nThe answer is (F).",
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"content": "Why are parvoviruses a highly impactful parasite?\nA. They are able to alter the host's DNA\nB. Because they have no nucleic acid\nC. They can survive in extreme temperatures\nD. Only replicate in dividing cells\nE. They can infect multiple species\nF. They don't require a host to survive\nG. Can integrate into host chromosomes",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on virology for help.\n\nParoviruses are highly impactful because they do not have nucleic acid.\n\nThe answer is (B).",
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"content": "A 15-year-old girl comes to the emergency department because, she says, \"something has been sticking out of my bottom since I had a bowel movement this morning.\" She has not had previous episodes, although for more than 1 year she has had occasional difficulty passing stools. She is not in pain but is afraid to move her bowels for fear that the problem will worsen. She tells you that she moved away from home more than a year ago and that her parents contribute nothing to her support. She has a 6-month-old child and lives with a 28-year-old female cousin. She has never been married and does not work or attend school. She has no other symptoms. In order to follow the correct procedure for treating a minor, which of the following is the most appropriate step prior to evaluating this patient's rectal problem?\nA. Obtain written consent from her 28-year-old cousin\nB. Obtain written consent from at least one of her parents\nC. Obtain a court order permitting evaluation\nD. Obtain the written consent of at least two licensed physicians\nE. Obtain the girl's consent in the presence of a witness\nF. Obtain written consent from the child's father\nG. Obtain verbal consent from at least one of her parents\nH. Wait until the girl turns 16 to perform the evaluation\nI. Accept the girl's consent as sufficient\nJ. Obtain written consent from a social worker",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on clinical knowledge and the Association of American Medical Colleges for help.\n\nWhen treating a minor, it is essential to follow the correct procedure for obtaining consent.\n\nIn many countries, including the United States, the standard for determining whether a minor can give consent for medical treatment varies by state. However, as of 2020, the rules in the United States may vary.\n\nGenerally, minors do not have the legal capacity to consent to medical treatment on their own, but in emergency situations, they can receive care without parental consent. When a minor is not in an emergency situation, they must obtain consent from their parent or guardian.\n\nHowever, if the minor is in a situation where they are \"emancipated minors\" (for instance, they are married, an active-duty member of the military, or have a child with their parents), they may be able to consent independently.\n\nGiven the information from the scenario, it seems that the patient is not an emancipated minor. However, we cannot determine the exact age of majority for consent in the state where the scenario is set, but since the information did not say the girl is emancipated, we can make an educated guess.\n\nIn the United States, the rules vary by state, but the majority of states require consent from a parent or guardian before evaluating a minor for a medical condition. However, the American Academy of Pediatrics recommends that for minors who are \"of sufficient maturity,\" they should be able to provide consent for their own medical care, but this was studied as requiring them being able to understand the risks and benefits, among other issues— however, since in the majority of states, consent must be obtained, this issue allows our response to proceed using that knowledge.\n\nThe best practice for treating a minor, in a non-emergency situation, is to attempt to obtain written consent from at least one of her parents. This is because obtaining parental consent respects the rights of the parents as legal guardians of their child and ensures that they are aware of their child's medical situation.\n\nThe answer is (B).",
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"content": "The following are multiple choice questions (with answers) about health. Think step by step and then finish your answer with \"the answer is (X)\" where X is the correct letter choice.\nEach reasoning step in your response should end with two line breaks.",
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"content": "Which of the following is the body cavity that contains the pituitary gland?\nA. Ventral\nB. Dorsal\nC. Buccal\nD. Thoracic\nE. Pericardial\nF. Abdominal\nG. Spinal\nH. Pelvic\nI. Pleural\nJ. Cranial",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on anatomy for help.\n\nLet’s solve this problem step by step.\n\nThe pituitary gland is the major endocrine gland attached to the base of the brain, and it is contained in the Cranial cavity.\n\nThe answer is (J).",
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"content": "What is the embryological origin of the hyoid bone?\nA. The third and fourth pharyngeal arches\nB. The fourth pharyngeal arch\nC. The third pharyngeal arch\nD. The second pharyngeal arch\nE. The second, third and fourth pharyngeal arches\nF. The first pharyngeal arch\nG. The second and third pharyngeal arches\nH. The first and third pharyngeal arches\nI. The first, second and third pharyngeal arches\nJ. The first and second pharyngeal arches",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on anatomy for help.\n\nLet’s solve this problem step by step.\n\nThe hyoid bone, which is also known as the hyooid, is a a small U-shaped bone located in the anterior neck.\n\nIn its resting position, it lies between the ase of the mandible and the third cervical vertebrae.\n\nWe know that the second and the third pharyngeal arches give rise to the horns of the hyoid bone; therefore, the embryological origin of the hyoid bone are the second and the third pharyngeal arches—this information is covered in option (G).\n\nTherefore, we conclude that (G) must be the correct answer.\n\nThe answer is (G).",
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"content": "What is the difference between a male and a female catheter?\nA. Female catheters are used more frequently than male catheters.\nB. Male catheters are bigger than female catheters.\nC. Male catheters are more flexible than female catheters.\nD. Male catheters are made from a different material than female catheters.\nE. Female catheters are longer than male catheters.\nF. Male catheters are longer than female catheters.\nG. Female catheters are bigger than male catheters.\nH. Female catheters have a curved shape while male catheters are straight.\nI. Male and female catheters are different colours.\nJ. Male catheters have a smaller diameter than female catheters.",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on clinical knowledge for help.\n\nThe difference between a male and female catheter is that male catheters tend to be longer than female catheters.\n\nThe answer is (F).",
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"content": "How many attempts should you make to cannulate a patient before passing the job on to a senior colleague, according to the medical knowledge of 2020?\nA. 1\nB. Unlimited attempts\nC. 5\nD. 0, always pass on to a senior colleague\nE. 7\nF. 2\nG. 4\nH. 6\nI. 3\nJ. 8",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on clinical knowledge for help.\n\nAccording to the medical protocol as of 2020, you should make two attempts to cannulate a patient before passing the job on to a more-senior practitioner.\n\nThe answer is (F).",
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"content": "Why are parvoviruses a highly impactful parasite?\nA. They are able to alter the host's DNA\nB. Because they have no nucleic acid\nC. They can survive in extreme temperatures\nD. Only replicate in dividing cells\nE. They can infect multiple species\nF. They don't require a host to survive\nG. Can integrate into host chromosomes",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on virology for help.\n\nParoviruses are highly impactful because they do not have nucleic acid.\n\nThe answer is (B).",
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"content": "A 15-year-old girl comes to the emergency department because, she says, \"something has been sticking out of my bottom since I had a bowel movement this morning.\" She has not had previous episodes, although for more than 1 year she has had occasional difficulty passing stools. She is not in pain but is afraid to move her bowels for fear that the problem will worsen. She tells you that she moved away from home more than a year ago and that her parents contribute nothing to her support. She has a 6-month-old child and lives with a 28-year-old female cousin. She has never been married and does not work or attend school. She has no other symptoms. In order to follow the correct procedure for treating a minor, which of the following is the most appropriate step prior to evaluating this patient's rectal problem?\nA. Obtain written consent from her 28-year-old cousin\nB. Obtain written consent from at least one of her parents\nC. Obtain a court order permitting evaluation\nD. Obtain the written consent of at least two licensed physicians\nE. Obtain the girl's consent in the presence of a witness\nF. Obtain written consent from the child's father\nG. Obtain verbal consent from at least one of her parents\nH. Wait until the girl turns 16 to perform the evaluation\nI. Accept the girl's consent as sufficient\nJ. Obtain written consent from a social worker",
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"content": "We refer to the Minor's Consent to Medical Treatment laws, which vary by state or country.\n\nAccording to these laws, in many jurisdictions, a competent 14- to 17-year-old minor can consent to many medical services, including those related to health, without parental consent.\n\nHowever, if the minor is a minor in need of support, such as in this scenario where the girl lives away from home and receives no support from her parents, then the laws of many jurisdictions require that consent be obtained from the girl or another appropriate adult due to her status being that of a \"minor in need of support\" due to her circumstances.\n\nHence considering the girl's circumstances, it is more likely that obtaining the girl's consent in the presence of a witness would be the most appropriate step, as she is 15 and a minor in need of support, and therefore does not require parental consent for the initial evaluation.\n\nThe answer is (E).\n\n",
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"content": "The following are multiple choice questions (with answers) about health. Think step by step and then finish your answer with \"the answer is (X)\" where X is the correct letter choice.\nEach reasoning step in your response should end with two line breaks.",
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"content": "Which of the following is the body cavity that contains the pituitary gland?\nA. Ventral\nB. Dorsal\nC. Buccal\nD. Thoracic\nE. Pericardial\nF. Abdominal\nG. Spinal\nH. Pelvic\nI. Pleural\nJ. Cranial",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on anatomy for help.\n\nLet’s solve this problem step by step.\n\nThe pituitary gland is the major endocrine gland attached to the base of the brain, and it is contained in the Cranial cavity.\n\nThe answer is (J).",
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"content": "What is the embryological origin of the hyoid bone?\nA. The third and fourth pharyngeal arches\nB. The fourth pharyngeal arch\nC. The third pharyngeal arch\nD. The second pharyngeal arch\nE. The second, third and fourth pharyngeal arches\nF. The first pharyngeal arch\nG. The second and third pharyngeal arches\nH. The first and third pharyngeal arches\nI. The first, second and third pharyngeal arches\nJ. The first and second pharyngeal arches",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on anatomy for help.\n\nLet’s solve this problem step by step.\n\nThe hyoid bone, which is also known as the hyooid, is a a small U-shaped bone located in the anterior neck.\n\nIn its resting position, it lies between the ase of the mandible and the third cervical vertebrae.\n\nWe know that the second and the third pharyngeal arches give rise to the horns of the hyoid bone; therefore, the embryological origin of the hyoid bone are the second and the third pharyngeal arches—this information is covered in option (G).\n\nTherefore, we conclude that (G) must be the correct answer.\n\nThe answer is (G).",
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"content": "What is the difference between a male and a female catheter?\nA. Female catheters are used more frequently than male catheters.\nB. Male catheters are bigger than female catheters.\nC. Male catheters are more flexible than female catheters.\nD. Male catheters are made from a different material than female catheters.\nE. Female catheters are longer than male catheters.\nF. Male catheters are longer than female catheters.\nG. Female catheters are bigger than male catheters.\nH. Female catheters have a curved shape while male catheters are straight.\nI. Male and female catheters are different colours.\nJ. Male catheters have a smaller diameter than female catheters.",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on clinical knowledge for help.\n\nThe difference between a male and female catheter is that male catheters tend to be longer than female catheters.\n\nThe answer is (F).",
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"content": "How many attempts should you make to cannulate a patient before passing the job on to a senior colleague, according to the medical knowledge of 2020?\nA. 1\nB. Unlimited attempts\nC. 5\nD. 0, always pass on to a senior colleague\nE. 7\nF. 2\nG. 4\nH. 6\nI. 3\nJ. 8",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on clinical knowledge for help.\n\nAccording to the medical protocol as of 2020, you should make two attempts to cannulate a patient before passing the job on to a more-senior practitioner.\n\nThe answer is (F).",
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"content": "Why are parvoviruses a highly impactful parasite?\nA. They are able to alter the host's DNA\nB. Because they have no nucleic acid\nC. They can survive in extreme temperatures\nD. Only replicate in dividing cells\nE. They can infect multiple species\nF. They don't require a host to survive\nG. Can integrate into host chromosomes",
"role": "user"
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on virology for help.\n\nParoviruses are highly impactful because they do not have nucleic acid.\n\nThe answer is (B).",
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"content": "A 15-year-old girl comes to the emergency department because, she says, \"something has been sticking out of my bottom since I had a bowel movement this morning.\" She has not had previous episodes, although for more than 1 year she has had occasional difficulty passing stools. She is not in pain but is afraid to move her bowels for fear that the problem will worsen. She tells you that she moved away from home more than a year ago and that her parents contribute nothing to her support. She has a 6-month-old child and lives with a 28-year-old female cousin. She has never been married and does not work or attend school. She has no other symptoms. In order to follow the correct procedure for treating a minor, which of the following is the most appropriate step prior to evaluating this patient's rectal problem?\nA. Obtain written consent from her 28-year-old cousin\nB. Obtain written consent from at least one of her parents\nC. Obtain a court order permitting evaluation\nD. Obtain the written consent of at least two licensed physicians\nE. Obtain the girl's consent in the presence of a witness\nF. Obtain written consent from the child's father\nG. Obtain verbal consent from at least one of her parents\nH. Wait until the girl turns 16 to perform the evaluation\nI. Accept the girl's consent as sufficient\nJ. Obtain written consent from a social worker",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on minors' consent and medical treatment for help.\n\nIn the United States, the laws regarding minors' consent to medical treatment vary from state to state. However, a common rule is that minors are considered emancipated if they are married, in the military, or living independently.\n\nIn this case, the girl is 15 years old, has a child, lives on her own, and has been away from home for over a year. She is therefore considered emancipated, and her consent for medical treatment is considered valid.\n\nThe answer is (E).\n\n",
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| 1
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{
"content": "The following are multiple choice questions (with answers) about health. Think step by step and then finish your answer with \"the answer is (X)\" where X is the correct letter choice.\nEach reasoning step in your response should end with two line breaks.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "Which of the following is the body cavity that contains the pituitary gland?\nA. Ventral\nB. Dorsal\nC. Buccal\nD. Thoracic\nE. Pericardial\nF. Abdominal\nG. Spinal\nH. Pelvic\nI. Pleural\nJ. Cranial",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on anatomy for help.\n\nLet’s solve this problem step by step.\n\nThe pituitary gland is the major endocrine gland attached to the base of the brain, and it is contained in the Cranial cavity.\n\nThe answer is (J).",
"role": "assistant"
},
{
"content": "What is the embryological origin of the hyoid bone?\nA. The third and fourth pharyngeal arches\nB. The fourth pharyngeal arch\nC. The third pharyngeal arch\nD. The second pharyngeal arch\nE. The second, third and fourth pharyngeal arches\nF. The first pharyngeal arch\nG. The second and third pharyngeal arches\nH. The first and third pharyngeal arches\nI. The first, second and third pharyngeal arches\nJ. The first and second pharyngeal arches",
"role": "user"
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on anatomy for help.\n\nLet’s solve this problem step by step.\n\nThe hyoid bone, which is also known as the hyooid, is a a small U-shaped bone located in the anterior neck.\n\nIn its resting position, it lies between the ase of the mandible and the third cervical vertebrae.\n\nWe know that the second and the third pharyngeal arches give rise to the horns of the hyoid bone; therefore, the embryological origin of the hyoid bone are the second and the third pharyngeal arches—this information is covered in option (G).\n\nTherefore, we conclude that (G) must be the correct answer.\n\nThe answer is (G).",
"role": "assistant"
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"content": "What is the difference between a male and a female catheter?\nA. Female catheters are used more frequently than male catheters.\nB. Male catheters are bigger than female catheters.\nC. Male catheters are more flexible than female catheters.\nD. Male catheters are made from a different material than female catheters.\nE. Female catheters are longer than male catheters.\nF. Male catheters are longer than female catheters.\nG. Female catheters are bigger than male catheters.\nH. Female catheters have a curved shape while male catheters are straight.\nI. Male and female catheters are different colours.\nJ. Male catheters have a smaller diameter than female catheters.",
"role": "user"
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on clinical knowledge for help.\n\nThe difference between a male and female catheter is that male catheters tend to be longer than female catheters.\n\nThe answer is (F).",
"role": "assistant"
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"content": "How many attempts should you make to cannulate a patient before passing the job on to a senior colleague, according to the medical knowledge of 2020?\nA. 1\nB. Unlimited attempts\nC. 5\nD. 0, always pass on to a senior colleague\nE. 7\nF. 2\nG. 4\nH. 6\nI. 3\nJ. 8",
"role": "user"
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on clinical knowledge for help.\n\nAccording to the medical protocol as of 2020, you should make two attempts to cannulate a patient before passing the job on to a more-senior practitioner.\n\nThe answer is (F).",
"role": "assistant"
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"content": "Why are parvoviruses a highly impactful parasite?\nA. They are able to alter the host's DNA\nB. Because they have no nucleic acid\nC. They can survive in extreme temperatures\nD. Only replicate in dividing cells\nE. They can infect multiple species\nF. They don't require a host to survive\nG. Can integrate into host chromosomes",
"role": "user"
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on virology for help.\n\nParoviruses are highly impactful because they do not have nucleic acid.\n\nThe answer is (B).",
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"content": "A 15-year-old girl comes to the emergency department because, she says, \"something has been sticking out of my bottom since I had a bowel movement this morning.\" She has not had previous episodes, although for more than 1 year she has had occasional difficulty passing stools. She is not in pain but is afraid to move her bowels for fear that the problem will worsen. She tells you that she moved away from home more than a year ago and that her parents contribute nothing to her support. She has a 6-month-old child and lives with a 28-year-old female cousin. She has never been married and does not work or attend school. She has no other symptoms. In order to follow the correct procedure for treating a minor, which of the following is the most appropriate step prior to evaluating this patient's rectal problem?\nA. Obtain written consent from her 28-year-old cousin\nB. Obtain written consent from at least one of her parents\nC. Obtain a court order permitting evaluation\nD. Obtain the written consent of at least two licensed physicians\nE. Obtain the girl's consent in the presence of a witness\nF. Obtain written consent from the child's father\nG. Obtain verbal consent from at least one of her parents\nH. Wait until the girl turns 16 to perform the evaluation\nI. Accept the girl's consent as sufficient\nJ. Obtain written consent from a social worker",
"role": "user"
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on child protection and minors for help.\n\nIn the United States, when treating a minor, it is essential to follow the procedure for obtaining consent.\n\nThe procedure for treating minors is as follows: minors are generally defined as individuals under the age of 18. For minors who are 14 and above, they are considered mature minors if they demonstrate a level of maturity and understanding. However, minors aged 14-17 may obtain consent by themselves for a medical procedure if it involves a minor's reproductive or sexual health. \n\nHowever, in this scenario, if it appears the minor may be in need of abortion or other reproductive services, physicians should not automatically rely on the minor's consent, but instead, they should follow state-specific laws. They should make a good-faith effort to inform both parents. If that's not possible, they should allow the minor to obtain a judicial bypass of the parental notification requirement or inform an alternative adult, such as a grandparent. \n\nHowever, for this scenario, the patient faces difficulty passing stools. Given that the issue isn't reproductive-related and the patient is under 14, for minors between 13 and under, parental consent is required if the parents are known and reachable.\n\nIn this case, though the girl is afraid to move her bowels, the condition isn't reproductive-related, but since the parents are \"not contributing to her support,\" then parental consent might be difficult to obtain, though reasonable efforts should still be made. \n\nTo follow the correct procedure for treating a minor for this type of non-reproductive concern, it would be best to attempt to obtain written consent from at least one of her parents, unless there is an established procedure for dealing with uncooperative parents.\n\nHowever, another option is for the surgeon to decide to accept the girl's consent if they are able to verify her age and maturity level. \n\nGiven the girl's age (15) and the fact that she's concerned about not moving her bowels, it is likely she is mature enough to give informed consent for her care. She's also having a significant problem that requires medical intervention with potential long term consequences.\n\nSince there is no indication the parents are involved or will be involved, and the minor is 15—so not a minor as per the age definition of 14 or under—it seems that attempting to contact the parents would be futile.\n\nTherefore, (I) is the best option.\n\n\n\nThe answer is (I).",
"role": "assistant"
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"content": "The following are multiple choice questions (with answers) about health. Think step by step and then finish your answer with \"the answer is (X)\" where X is the correct letter choice.\nEach reasoning step in your response should end with two line breaks.",
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"content": "Which of the following is the body cavity that contains the pituitary gland?\nA. Ventral\nB. Dorsal\nC. Buccal\nD. Thoracic\nE. Pericardial\nF. Abdominal\nG. Spinal\nH. Pelvic\nI. Pleural\nJ. Cranial",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on anatomy for help.\n\nLet’s solve this problem step by step.\n\nThe pituitary gland is the major endocrine gland attached to the base of the brain, and it is contained in the Cranial cavity.\n\nThe answer is (J).",
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"content": "What is the embryological origin of the hyoid bone?\nA. The third and fourth pharyngeal arches\nB. The fourth pharyngeal arch\nC. The third pharyngeal arch\nD. The second pharyngeal arch\nE. The second, third and fourth pharyngeal arches\nF. The first pharyngeal arch\nG. The second and third pharyngeal arches\nH. The first and third pharyngeal arches\nI. The first, second and third pharyngeal arches\nJ. The first and second pharyngeal arches",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on anatomy for help.\n\nLet’s solve this problem step by step.\n\nThe hyoid bone, which is also known as the hyooid, is a a small U-shaped bone located in the anterior neck.\n\nIn its resting position, it lies between the ase of the mandible and the third cervical vertebrae.\n\nWe know that the second and the third pharyngeal arches give rise to the horns of the hyoid bone; therefore, the embryological origin of the hyoid bone are the second and the third pharyngeal arches—this information is covered in option (G).\n\nTherefore, we conclude that (G) must be the correct answer.\n\nThe answer is (G).",
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"content": "What is the difference between a male and a female catheter?\nA. Female catheters are used more frequently than male catheters.\nB. Male catheters are bigger than female catheters.\nC. Male catheters are more flexible than female catheters.\nD. Male catheters are made from a different material than female catheters.\nE. Female catheters are longer than male catheters.\nF. Male catheters are longer than female catheters.\nG. Female catheters are bigger than male catheters.\nH. Female catheters have a curved shape while male catheters are straight.\nI. Male and female catheters are different colours.\nJ. Male catheters have a smaller diameter than female catheters.",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on clinical knowledge for help.\n\nThe difference between a male and female catheter is that male catheters tend to be longer than female catheters.\n\nThe answer is (F).",
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"content": "How many attempts should you make to cannulate a patient before passing the job on to a senior colleague, according to the medical knowledge of 2020?\nA. 1\nB. Unlimited attempts\nC. 5\nD. 0, always pass on to a senior colleague\nE. 7\nF. 2\nG. 4\nH. 6\nI. 3\nJ. 8",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on clinical knowledge for help.\n\nAccording to the medical protocol as of 2020, you should make two attempts to cannulate a patient before passing the job on to a more-senior practitioner.\n\nThe answer is (F).",
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"content": "Why are parvoviruses a highly impactful parasite?\nA. They are able to alter the host's DNA\nB. Because they have no nucleic acid\nC. They can survive in extreme temperatures\nD. Only replicate in dividing cells\nE. They can infect multiple species\nF. They don't require a host to survive\nG. Can integrate into host chromosomes",
"role": "user"
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on virology for help.\n\nParoviruses are highly impactful because they do not have nucleic acid.\n\nThe answer is (B).",
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"content": "A 15-year-old girl comes to the emergency department because, she says, \"something has been sticking out of my bottom since I had a bowel movement this morning.\" She has not had previous episodes, although for more than 1 year she has had occasional difficulty passing stools. She is not in pain but is afraid to move her bowels for fear that the problem will worsen. She tells you that she moved away from home more than a year ago and that her parents contribute nothing to her support. She has a 6-month-old child and lives with a 28-year-old female cousin. She has never been married and does not work or attend school. She has no other symptoms. In order to follow the correct procedure for treating a minor, which of the following is the most appropriate step prior to evaluating this patient's rectal problem?\nA. Obtain written consent from her 28-year-old cousin\nB. Obtain written consent from at least one of her parents\nC. Obtain a court order permitting evaluation\nD. Obtain the written consent of at least two licensed physicians\nE. Obtain the girl's consent in the presence of a witness\nF. Obtain written consent from the child's father\nG. Obtain verbal consent from at least one of her parents\nH. Wait until the girl turns 16 to perform the evaluation\nI. Accept the girl's consent as sufficient\nJ. Obtain written consent from a social worker",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on clinical knowledge and the Association of American Medical Colleges for help.\n\nWhen treating a minor, it is essential to follow the correct procedure for obtaining consent.\n\nIn many countries, including the United States, the standard for determining whether a minor can give consent for medical treatment varies by state. However, as of 2020, the rules in the United States may vary.\n\nGenerally, minors do not have the legal capacity to consent to medical treatment on their own, but in emergency situations, they can receive care without parental consent. When a minor is not in an emergency situation, they must obtain consent from their parent or guardian.\n\nHowever, if the minor is in a situation where they are \"emancipated minors\" (for instance, they are married, an active-duty member of the military, or have a child with their parents), they may be able to consent independently.\n\nGiven the information from the scenario, it seems that the patient is not an emancipated minor. However, we cannot determine the exact age of majority for consent in the state where the scenario is set, but since the information did not say the girl is emancipated, we can make an educated guess.\n\nIn the United States, the rules vary by state, but the majority of states require consent from a parent or guardian before evaluating a minor for a medical condition. However, the American Academy of Pediatrics recommends that for minors who are \"of sufficient maturity,\" they should be able to provide consent for their own medical care, but this was studied as requiring them being able to understand the risks and benefits, among other issues— however, since in the majority of states, consent must be obtained, this issue allows our response to proceed using that knowledge.\n\nThe best practice for treating a minor, in a non-emergency situation, is to attempt to obtain written consent from at least one of her parents. This is because obtaining parental consent respects the rights of the parents as legal guardians of their child and ensures that they are aware of their child's medical situation.\n\nThe answer is (B).",
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"content": "The following are multiple choice questions (with answers) about health. Think step by step and then finish your answer with \"the answer is (X)\" where X is the correct letter choice.\nEach reasoning step in your response should end with two line breaks.",
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"content": "Which of the following is the body cavity that contains the pituitary gland?\nA. Ventral\nB. Dorsal\nC. Buccal\nD. Thoracic\nE. Pericardial\nF. Abdominal\nG. Spinal\nH. Pelvic\nI. Pleural\nJ. Cranial",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on anatomy for help.\n\nLet’s solve this problem step by step.\n\nThe pituitary gland is the major endocrine gland attached to the base of the brain, and it is contained in the Cranial cavity.\n\nThe answer is (J).",
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"content": "What is the embryological origin of the hyoid bone?\nA. The third and fourth pharyngeal arches\nB. The fourth pharyngeal arch\nC. The third pharyngeal arch\nD. The second pharyngeal arch\nE. The second, third and fourth pharyngeal arches\nF. The first pharyngeal arch\nG. The second and third pharyngeal arches\nH. The first and third pharyngeal arches\nI. The first, second and third pharyngeal arches\nJ. The first and second pharyngeal arches",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on anatomy for help.\n\nLet’s solve this problem step by step.\n\nThe hyoid bone, which is also known as the hyooid, is a a small U-shaped bone located in the anterior neck.\n\nIn its resting position, it lies between the ase of the mandible and the third cervical vertebrae.\n\nWe know that the second and the third pharyngeal arches give rise to the horns of the hyoid bone; therefore, the embryological origin of the hyoid bone are the second and the third pharyngeal arches—this information is covered in option (G).\n\nTherefore, we conclude that (G) must be the correct answer.\n\nThe answer is (G).",
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"content": "What is the difference between a male and a female catheter?\nA. Female catheters are used more frequently than male catheters.\nB. Male catheters are bigger than female catheters.\nC. Male catheters are more flexible than female catheters.\nD. Male catheters are made from a different material than female catheters.\nE. Female catheters are longer than male catheters.\nF. Male catheters are longer than female catheters.\nG. Female catheters are bigger than male catheters.\nH. Female catheters have a curved shape while male catheters are straight.\nI. Male and female catheters are different colours.\nJ. Male catheters have a smaller diameter than female catheters.",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on clinical knowledge for help.\n\nThe difference between a male and female catheter is that male catheters tend to be longer than female catheters.\n\nThe answer is (F).",
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"content": "How many attempts should you make to cannulate a patient before passing the job on to a senior colleague, according to the medical knowledge of 2020?\nA. 1\nB. Unlimited attempts\nC. 5\nD. 0, always pass on to a senior colleague\nE. 7\nF. 2\nG. 4\nH. 6\nI. 3\nJ. 8",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on clinical knowledge for help.\n\nAccording to the medical protocol as of 2020, you should make two attempts to cannulate a patient before passing the job on to a more-senior practitioner.\n\nThe answer is (F).",
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"content": "Why are parvoviruses a highly impactful parasite?\nA. They are able to alter the host's DNA\nB. Because they have no nucleic acid\nC. They can survive in extreme temperatures\nD. Only replicate in dividing cells\nE. They can infect multiple species\nF. They don't require a host to survive\nG. Can integrate into host chromosomes",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on virology for help.\n\nParoviruses are highly impactful because they do not have nucleic acid.\n\nThe answer is (B).",
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"content": "A 15-year-old girl comes to the emergency department because, she says, \"something has been sticking out of my bottom since I had a bowel movement this morning.\" She has not had previous episodes, although for more than 1 year she has had occasional difficulty passing stools. She is not in pain but is afraid to move her bowels for fear that the problem will worsen. She tells you that she moved away from home more than a year ago and that her parents contribute nothing to her support. She has a 6-month-old child and lives with a 28-year-old female cousin. She has never been married and does not work or attend school. She has no other symptoms. In order to follow the correct procedure for treating a minor, which of the following is the most appropriate step prior to evaluating this patient's rectal problem?\nA. Obtain written consent from her 28-year-old cousin\nB. Obtain written consent from at least one of her parents\nC. Obtain a court order permitting evaluation\nD. Obtain the written consent of at least two licensed physicians\nE. Obtain the girl's consent in the presence of a witness\nF. Obtain written consent from the child's father\nG. Obtain verbal consent from at least one of her parents\nH. Wait until the girl turns 16 to perform the evaluation\nI. Accept the girl's consent as sufficient\nJ. Obtain written consent from a social worker",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on medical ethics for help.\n\nAccording to the medical ethics guidelines in many countries, for minors under 16 or 18 years of age, depending on the jurisdiction, parental consent is required unless they can demonstrate the ability to give informed consent. However, in the absence of parents, the girl is considered emancipated due to her independence and her status as a mother.\n\nIn this situation, the most appropriate step is to obtain the girl's consent in the presence of a witness, as she is seen as being capable of providing informed consent.\n\nThe answer is (E).\n\n",
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"content": "The following are multiple choice questions (with answers) about health. Think step by step and then finish your answer with \"the answer is (X)\" where X is the correct letter choice.\nEach reasoning step in your response should end with two line breaks.",
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"content": "Which of the following is the body cavity that contains the pituitary gland?\nA. Ventral\nB. Dorsal\nC. Buccal\nD. Thoracic\nE. Pericardial\nF. Abdominal\nG. Spinal\nH. Pelvic\nI. Pleural\nJ. Cranial",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on anatomy for help.\n\nLet’s solve this problem step by step.\n\nThe pituitary gland is the major endocrine gland attached to the base of the brain, and it is contained in the Cranial cavity.\n\nThe answer is (J).",
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"content": "What is the embryological origin of the hyoid bone?\nA. The third and fourth pharyngeal arches\nB. The fourth pharyngeal arch\nC. The third pharyngeal arch\nD. The second pharyngeal arch\nE. The second, third and fourth pharyngeal arches\nF. The first pharyngeal arch\nG. The second and third pharyngeal arches\nH. The first and third pharyngeal arches\nI. The first, second and third pharyngeal arches\nJ. The first and second pharyngeal arches",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on anatomy for help.\n\nLet’s solve this problem step by step.\n\nThe hyoid bone, which is also known as the hyooid, is a a small U-shaped bone located in the anterior neck.\n\nIn its resting position, it lies between the ase of the mandible and the third cervical vertebrae.\n\nWe know that the second and the third pharyngeal arches give rise to the horns of the hyoid bone; therefore, the embryological origin of the hyoid bone are the second and the third pharyngeal arches—this information is covered in option (G).\n\nTherefore, we conclude that (G) must be the correct answer.\n\nThe answer is (G).",
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"content": "What is the difference between a male and a female catheter?\nA. Female catheters are used more frequently than male catheters.\nB. Male catheters are bigger than female catheters.\nC. Male catheters are more flexible than female catheters.\nD. Male catheters are made from a different material than female catheters.\nE. Female catheters are longer than male catheters.\nF. Male catheters are longer than female catheters.\nG. Female catheters are bigger than male catheters.\nH. Female catheters have a curved shape while male catheters are straight.\nI. Male and female catheters are different colours.\nJ. Male catheters have a smaller diameter than female catheters.",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on clinical knowledge for help.\n\nThe difference between a male and female catheter is that male catheters tend to be longer than female catheters.\n\nThe answer is (F).",
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"content": "How many attempts should you make to cannulate a patient before passing the job on to a senior colleague, according to the medical knowledge of 2020?\nA. 1\nB. Unlimited attempts\nC. 5\nD. 0, always pass on to a senior colleague\nE. 7\nF. 2\nG. 4\nH. 6\nI. 3\nJ. 8",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on clinical knowledge for help.\n\nAccording to the medical protocol as of 2020, you should make two attempts to cannulate a patient before passing the job on to a more-senior practitioner.\n\nThe answer is (F).",
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"content": "Why are parvoviruses a highly impactful parasite?\nA. They are able to alter the host's DNA\nB. Because they have no nucleic acid\nC. They can survive in extreme temperatures\nD. Only replicate in dividing cells\nE. They can infect multiple species\nF. They don't require a host to survive\nG. Can integrate into host chromosomes",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on virology for help.\n\nParoviruses are highly impactful because they do not have nucleic acid.\n\nThe answer is (B).",
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"content": "A 15-year-old girl comes to the emergency department because, she says, \"something has been sticking out of my bottom since I had a bowel movement this morning.\" She has not had previous episodes, although for more than 1 year she has had occasional difficulty passing stools. She is not in pain but is afraid to move her bowels for fear that the problem will worsen. She tells you that she moved away from home more than a year ago and that her parents contribute nothing to her support. She has a 6-month-old child and lives with a 28-year-old female cousin. She has never been married and does not work or attend school. She has no other symptoms. In order to follow the correct procedure for treating a minor, which of the following is the most appropriate step prior to evaluating this patient's rectal problem?\nA. Obtain written consent from her 28-year-old cousin\nB. Obtain written consent from at least one of her parents\nC. Obtain a court order permitting evaluation\nD. Obtain the written consent of at least two licensed physicians\nE. Obtain the girl's consent in the presence of a witness\nF. Obtain written consent from the child's father\nG. Obtain verbal consent from at least one of her parents\nH. Wait until the girl turns 16 to perform the evaluation\nI. Accept the girl's consent as sufficient\nJ. Obtain written consent from a social worker",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on minors' rights for help.\n\nIn the United States, minors are defined as individuals under the age of 18. Under the Emergency Medical Treatment and Active Labor Act (EMTALA), minors may be treated in emergency situations without parental consent if the minor is: \n\n1. An emancipated minor (i.e., a minor who is married, in the military, or self-supporting and has the capacity to make his or her own medical decisions).\n\nIn this case, the 15-year-old girl lives alone with her child, indicating she may be self-supporting, which, according to the laws in some states, would make her an emancipated minor. However, not all US states recognize emancipation based on self-support and instead require minors to be declared emancipated by a court. \n\nThe patient's age and the fact that she lives alone with her child may suggest that she might be considered emancipated in her state, but it's likely still best to follow the most appropriate protocol under each state's specific law which varies. In this scenario, given she is presenting with a potential medical emergency and not an elective procedure or appointment, in only a few jurisdictions would written parental consent be required. The best general practice, however, considering the specific case information and laws possibly being broadly applicable, would allow the patient to provide her own consent, however some states with stricter policies suggest that the minor's consent might need a witness, or the consent could be witnessed by a healthcare provider.\n\nThe answer is (E).",
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"content": "The following are multiple choice questions (with answers) about health. Think step by step and then finish your answer with \"the answer is (X)\" where X is the correct letter choice.\nEach reasoning step in your response should end with two line breaks.",
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"content": "Which of the following is the body cavity that contains the pituitary gland?\nA. Ventral\nB. Dorsal\nC. Buccal\nD. Thoracic\nE. Pericardial\nF. Abdominal\nG. Spinal\nH. Pelvic\nI. Pleural\nJ. Cranial",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on anatomy for help.\n\nLet’s solve this problem step by step.\n\nThe pituitary gland is the major endocrine gland attached to the base of the brain, and it is contained in the Cranial cavity.\n\nThe answer is (J).",
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"content": "What is the embryological origin of the hyoid bone?\nA. The third and fourth pharyngeal arches\nB. The fourth pharyngeal arch\nC. The third pharyngeal arch\nD. The second pharyngeal arch\nE. The second, third and fourth pharyngeal arches\nF. The first pharyngeal arch\nG. The second and third pharyngeal arches\nH. The first and third pharyngeal arches\nI. The first, second and third pharyngeal arches\nJ. The first and second pharyngeal arches",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on anatomy for help.\n\nLet’s solve this problem step by step.\n\nThe hyoid bone, which is also known as the hyooid, is a a small U-shaped bone located in the anterior neck.\n\nIn its resting position, it lies between the ase of the mandible and the third cervical vertebrae.\n\nWe know that the second and the third pharyngeal arches give rise to the horns of the hyoid bone; therefore, the embryological origin of the hyoid bone are the second and the third pharyngeal arches—this information is covered in option (G).\n\nTherefore, we conclude that (G) must be the correct answer.\n\nThe answer is (G).",
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"content": "What is the difference between a male and a female catheter?\nA. Female catheters are used more frequently than male catheters.\nB. Male catheters are bigger than female catheters.\nC. Male catheters are more flexible than female catheters.\nD. Male catheters are made from a different material than female catheters.\nE. Female catheters are longer than male catheters.\nF. Male catheters are longer than female catheters.\nG. Female catheters are bigger than male catheters.\nH. Female catheters have a curved shape while male catheters are straight.\nI. Male and female catheters are different colours.\nJ. Male catheters have a smaller diameter than female catheters.",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on clinical knowledge for help.\n\nThe difference between a male and female catheter is that male catheters tend to be longer than female catheters.\n\nThe answer is (F).",
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"content": "How many attempts should you make to cannulate a patient before passing the job on to a senior colleague, according to the medical knowledge of 2020?\nA. 1\nB. Unlimited attempts\nC. 5\nD. 0, always pass on to a senior colleague\nE. 7\nF. 2\nG. 4\nH. 6\nI. 3\nJ. 8",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on clinical knowledge for help.\n\nAccording to the medical protocol as of 2020, you should make two attempts to cannulate a patient before passing the job on to a more-senior practitioner.\n\nThe answer is (F).",
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"content": "Why are parvoviruses a highly impactful parasite?\nA. They are able to alter the host's DNA\nB. Because they have no nucleic acid\nC. They can survive in extreme temperatures\nD. Only replicate in dividing cells\nE. They can infect multiple species\nF. They don't require a host to survive\nG. Can integrate into host chromosomes",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on virology for help.\n\nParoviruses are highly impactful because they do not have nucleic acid.\n\nThe answer is (B).",
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"content": "A 15-year-old girl comes to the emergency department because, she says, \"something has been sticking out of my bottom since I had a bowel movement this morning.\" She has not had previous episodes, although for more than 1 year she has had occasional difficulty passing stools. She is not in pain but is afraid to move her bowels for fear that the problem will worsen. She tells you that she moved away from home more than a year ago and that her parents contribute nothing to her support. She has a 6-month-old child and lives with a 28-year-old female cousin. She has never been married and does not work or attend school. She has no other symptoms. In order to follow the correct procedure for treating a minor, which of the following is the most appropriate step prior to evaluating this patient's rectal problem?\nA. Obtain written consent from her 28-year-old cousin\nB. Obtain written consent from at least one of her parents\nC. Obtain a court order permitting evaluation\nD. Obtain the written consent of at least two licensed physicians\nE. Obtain the girl's consent in the presence of a witness\nF. Obtain written consent from the child's father\nG. Obtain verbal consent from at least one of her parents\nH. Wait until the girl turns 16 to perform the evaluation\nI. Accept the girl's consent as sufficient\nJ. Obtain written consent from a social worker",
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"content": "We refer to the Minor's Consent to Medical Treatment laws, which vary by state or country.\n\nAccording to these laws, in many jurisdictions, a competent 14- to 17-year-old minor can consent to many medical services, including those related to health, without parental consent.\n\nHowever, if the minor is a minor in need of support, such as in this scenario where the girl lives away from home and receives no support from her parents, then the laws of many jurisdictions require that consent be obtained from the girl or another appropriate adult due to her status being that of a \"minor in need of support\" due to her circumstances.\n\nHence considering the girl's circumstances, it is more likely that obtaining the girl's consent in the presence of a witness would be the most appropriate step, as she is 15 and a minor in need of support, and therefore does not require parental consent for the initial evaluation.\n\nThe answer is (E).\n\n",
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"content": "The following are multiple choice questions (with answers) about health. Think step by step and then finish your answer with \"the answer is (X)\" where X is the correct letter choice.\nEach reasoning step in your response should end with two line breaks.",
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"content": "Which of the following is the body cavity that contains the pituitary gland?\nA. Ventral\nB. Dorsal\nC. Buccal\nD. Thoracic\nE. Pericardial\nF. Abdominal\nG. Spinal\nH. Pelvic\nI. Pleural\nJ. Cranial",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on anatomy for help.\n\nLet’s solve this problem step by step.\n\nThe pituitary gland is the major endocrine gland attached to the base of the brain, and it is contained in the Cranial cavity.\n\nThe answer is (J).",
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"content": "What is the embryological origin of the hyoid bone?\nA. The third and fourth pharyngeal arches\nB. The fourth pharyngeal arch\nC. The third pharyngeal arch\nD. The second pharyngeal arch\nE. The second, third and fourth pharyngeal arches\nF. The first pharyngeal arch\nG. The second and third pharyngeal arches\nH. The first and third pharyngeal arches\nI. The first, second and third pharyngeal arches\nJ. The first and second pharyngeal arches",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on anatomy for help.\n\nLet’s solve this problem step by step.\n\nThe hyoid bone, which is also known as the hyooid, is a a small U-shaped bone located in the anterior neck.\n\nIn its resting position, it lies between the ase of the mandible and the third cervical vertebrae.\n\nWe know that the second and the third pharyngeal arches give rise to the horns of the hyoid bone; therefore, the embryological origin of the hyoid bone are the second and the third pharyngeal arches—this information is covered in option (G).\n\nTherefore, we conclude that (G) must be the correct answer.\n\nThe answer is (G).",
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"content": "What is the difference between a male and a female catheter?\nA. Female catheters are used more frequently than male catheters.\nB. Male catheters are bigger than female catheters.\nC. Male catheters are more flexible than female catheters.\nD. Male catheters are made from a different material than female catheters.\nE. Female catheters are longer than male catheters.\nF. Male catheters are longer than female catheters.\nG. Female catheters are bigger than male catheters.\nH. Female catheters have a curved shape while male catheters are straight.\nI. Male and female catheters are different colours.\nJ. Male catheters have a smaller diameter than female catheters.",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on clinical knowledge for help.\n\nThe difference between a male and female catheter is that male catheters tend to be longer than female catheters.\n\nThe answer is (F).",
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"content": "How many attempts should you make to cannulate a patient before passing the job on to a senior colleague, according to the medical knowledge of 2020?\nA. 1\nB. Unlimited attempts\nC. 5\nD. 0, always pass on to a senior colleague\nE. 7\nF. 2\nG. 4\nH. 6\nI. 3\nJ. 8",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on clinical knowledge for help.\n\nAccording to the medical protocol as of 2020, you should make two attempts to cannulate a patient before passing the job on to a more-senior practitioner.\n\nThe answer is (F).",
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"content": "Why are parvoviruses a highly impactful parasite?\nA. They are able to alter the host's DNA\nB. Because they have no nucleic acid\nC. They can survive in extreme temperatures\nD. Only replicate in dividing cells\nE. They can infect multiple species\nF. They don't require a host to survive\nG. Can integrate into host chromosomes",
"role": "user"
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on virology for help.\n\nParoviruses are highly impactful because they do not have nucleic acid.\n\nThe answer is (B).",
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"content": "A 15-year-old girl comes to the emergency department because, she says, \"something has been sticking out of my bottom since I had a bowel movement this morning.\" She has not had previous episodes, although for more than 1 year she has had occasional difficulty passing stools. She is not in pain but is afraid to move her bowels for fear that the problem will worsen. She tells you that she moved away from home more than a year ago and that her parents contribute nothing to her support. She has a 6-month-old child and lives with a 28-year-old female cousin. She has never been married and does not work or attend school. She has no other symptoms. In order to follow the correct procedure for treating a minor, which of the following is the most appropriate step prior to evaluating this patient's rectal problem?\nA. Obtain written consent from her 28-year-old cousin\nB. Obtain written consent from at least one of her parents\nC. Obtain a court order permitting evaluation\nD. Obtain the written consent of at least two licensed physicians\nE. Obtain the girl's consent in the presence of a witness\nF. Obtain written consent from the child's father\nG. Obtain verbal consent from at least one of her parents\nH. Wait until the girl turns 16 to perform the evaluation\nI. Accept the girl's consent as sufficient\nJ. Obtain written consent from a social worker",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on clinical knowledge for help.\n\nThe problem is that the patient is a minor. According to the Mature Minor Doctrine, minors have the right to make their own medical decisions if they have the capacity to understand the treatment and its implications.\n\nFor this patient, since she is able to understand the situation and makes a reasonable decision, her consent is sufficient for an evaluation.\n\nThe answer is (E).\n\n",
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{
"content": "The following are multiple choice questions (with answers) about health. Think step by step and then finish your answer with \"the answer is (X)\" where X is the correct letter choice.\nEach reasoning step in your response should end with two line breaks.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "Which of the following is the body cavity that contains the pituitary gland?\nA. Ventral\nB. Dorsal\nC. Buccal\nD. Thoracic\nE. Pericardial\nF. Abdominal\nG. Spinal\nH. Pelvic\nI. Pleural\nJ. Cranial",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on anatomy for help.\n\nLet’s solve this problem step by step.\n\nThe pituitary gland is the major endocrine gland attached to the base of the brain, and it is contained in the Cranial cavity.\n\nThe answer is (J).",
"role": "assistant"
},
{
"content": "What is the embryological origin of the hyoid bone?\nA. The third and fourth pharyngeal arches\nB. The fourth pharyngeal arch\nC. The third pharyngeal arch\nD. The second pharyngeal arch\nE. The second, third and fourth pharyngeal arches\nF. The first pharyngeal arch\nG. The second and third pharyngeal arches\nH. The first and third pharyngeal arches\nI. The first, second and third pharyngeal arches\nJ. The first and second pharyngeal arches",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on anatomy for help.\n\nLet’s solve this problem step by step.\n\nThe hyoid bone, which is also known as the hyooid, is a a small U-shaped bone located in the anterior neck.\n\nIn its resting position, it lies between the ase of the mandible and the third cervical vertebrae.\n\nWe know that the second and the third pharyngeal arches give rise to the horns of the hyoid bone; therefore, the embryological origin of the hyoid bone are the second and the third pharyngeal arches—this information is covered in option (G).\n\nTherefore, we conclude that (G) must be the correct answer.\n\nThe answer is (G).",
"role": "assistant"
},
{
"content": "What is the difference between a male and a female catheter?\nA. Female catheters are used more frequently than male catheters.\nB. Male catheters are bigger than female catheters.\nC. Male catheters are more flexible than female catheters.\nD. Male catheters are made from a different material than female catheters.\nE. Female catheters are longer than male catheters.\nF. Male catheters are longer than female catheters.\nG. Female catheters are bigger than male catheters.\nH. Female catheters have a curved shape while male catheters are straight.\nI. Male and female catheters are different colours.\nJ. Male catheters have a smaller diameter than female catheters.",
"role": "user"
},
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on clinical knowledge for help.\n\nThe difference between a male and female catheter is that male catheters tend to be longer than female catheters.\n\nThe answer is (F).",
"role": "assistant"
},
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"content": "How many attempts should you make to cannulate a patient before passing the job on to a senior colleague, according to the medical knowledge of 2020?\nA. 1\nB. Unlimited attempts\nC. 5\nD. 0, always pass on to a senior colleague\nE. 7\nF. 2\nG. 4\nH. 6\nI. 3\nJ. 8",
"role": "user"
},
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on clinical knowledge for help.\n\nAccording to the medical protocol as of 2020, you should make two attempts to cannulate a patient before passing the job on to a more-senior practitioner.\n\nThe answer is (F).",
"role": "assistant"
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"content": "Why are parvoviruses a highly impactful parasite?\nA. They are able to alter the host's DNA\nB. Because they have no nucleic acid\nC. They can survive in extreme temperatures\nD. Only replicate in dividing cells\nE. They can infect multiple species\nF. They don't require a host to survive\nG. Can integrate into host chromosomes",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on virology for help.\n\nParoviruses are highly impactful because they do not have nucleic acid.\n\nThe answer is (B).",
"role": "assistant"
},
{
"content": "A 15-year-old girl comes to the emergency department because, she says, \"something has been sticking out of my bottom since I had a bowel movement this morning.\" She has not had previous episodes, although for more than 1 year she has had occasional difficulty passing stools. She is not in pain but is afraid to move her bowels for fear that the problem will worsen. She tells you that she moved away from home more than a year ago and that her parents contribute nothing to her support. She has a 6-month-old child and lives with a 28-year-old female cousin. She has never been married and does not work or attend school. She has no other symptoms. In order to follow the correct procedure for treating a minor, which of the following is the most appropriate step prior to evaluating this patient's rectal problem?\nA. Obtain written consent from her 28-year-old cousin\nB. Obtain written consent from at least one of her parents\nC. Obtain a court order permitting evaluation\nD. Obtain the written consent of at least two licensed physicians\nE. Obtain the girl's consent in the presence of a witness\nF. Obtain written consent from the child's father\nG. Obtain verbal consent from at least one of her parents\nH. Wait until the girl turns 16 to perform the evaluation\nI. Accept the girl's consent as sufficient\nJ. Obtain written consent from a social worker",
"role": "user"
},
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on clinical knowledge and the Association of American Medical Colleges for help.\n\nWhen treating a minor, it is essential to follow the correct procedure for obtaining consent.\n\nIn many countries, including the United States, the standard for determining whether a minor can give consent for medical treatment varies by state. However, as of 2020, the rules in the United States may vary.\n\nGenerally, minors do not have the legal capacity to consent to medical treatment on their own, but in emergency situations, they can receive care without parental consent. When a minor is not in an emergency situation, they must obtain consent from their parent or guardian.\n\nHowever, if the minor is in a situation where they are \"emancipated minors\" (for instance, they are married, an active-duty member of the military, or have a child with their parents), they may be able to consent independently.\n\nGiven the information from the scenario, it seems that the patient is not an emancipated minor. However, we cannot determine the exact age of majority for consent in the state where the scenario is set, but since the information did not say the girl is emancipated, we can make an educated guess.\n\nIn the United States, the rules vary by state, but the majority of states require consent from a parent or guardian before evaluating a minor for a medical condition. However, the American Academy of Pediatrics recommends that for minors who are \"of sufficient maturity,\" they should be able to provide consent for their own medical care, but this was studied as requiring them being able to understand the risks and benefits, among other issues— however, since in the majority of states, consent must be obtained, this issue allows our response to proceed using that knowledge.\n\nThe best practice for treating a minor, in a non-emergency situation, is to attempt to obtain written consent from at least one of her parents. This is because obtaining parental consent respects the rights of the parents as legal guardians of their child and ensures that they are aware of their child's medical situation.\n\nThe answer is (B).",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
B
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I
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[
{
"content": "The following are multiple choice questions (with answers) about health. Think step by step and then finish your answer with \"the answer is (X)\" where X is the correct letter choice.\nEach reasoning step in your response should end with two line breaks.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "Which of the following is the body cavity that contains the pituitary gland?\nA. Ventral\nB. Dorsal\nC. Buccal\nD. Thoracic\nE. Pericardial\nF. Abdominal\nG. Spinal\nH. Pelvic\nI. Pleural\nJ. Cranial",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on anatomy for help.\n\nLet’s solve this problem step by step.\n\nThe pituitary gland is the major endocrine gland attached to the base of the brain, and it is contained in the Cranial cavity.\n\nThe answer is (J).",
"role": "assistant"
},
{
"content": "What is the embryological origin of the hyoid bone?\nA. The third and fourth pharyngeal arches\nB. The fourth pharyngeal arch\nC. The third pharyngeal arch\nD. The second pharyngeal arch\nE. The second, third and fourth pharyngeal arches\nF. The first pharyngeal arch\nG. The second and third pharyngeal arches\nH. The first and third pharyngeal arches\nI. The first, second and third pharyngeal arches\nJ. The first and second pharyngeal arches",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on anatomy for help.\n\nLet’s solve this problem step by step.\n\nThe hyoid bone, which is also known as the hyooid, is a a small U-shaped bone located in the anterior neck.\n\nIn its resting position, it lies between the ase of the mandible and the third cervical vertebrae.\n\nWe know that the second and the third pharyngeal arches give rise to the horns of the hyoid bone; therefore, the embryological origin of the hyoid bone are the second and the third pharyngeal arches—this information is covered in option (G).\n\nTherefore, we conclude that (G) must be the correct answer.\n\nThe answer is (G).",
"role": "assistant"
},
{
"content": "What is the difference between a male and a female catheter?\nA. Female catheters are used more frequently than male catheters.\nB. Male catheters are bigger than female catheters.\nC. Male catheters are more flexible than female catheters.\nD. Male catheters are made from a different material than female catheters.\nE. Female catheters are longer than male catheters.\nF. Male catheters are longer than female catheters.\nG. Female catheters are bigger than male catheters.\nH. Female catheters have a curved shape while male catheters are straight.\nI. Male and female catheters are different colours.\nJ. Male catheters have a smaller diameter than female catheters.",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on clinical knowledge for help.\n\nThe difference between a male and female catheter is that male catheters tend to be longer than female catheters.\n\nThe answer is (F).",
"role": "assistant"
},
{
"content": "How many attempts should you make to cannulate a patient before passing the job on to a senior colleague, according to the medical knowledge of 2020?\nA. 1\nB. Unlimited attempts\nC. 5\nD. 0, always pass on to a senior colleague\nE. 7\nF. 2\nG. 4\nH. 6\nI. 3\nJ. 8",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on clinical knowledge for help.\n\nAccording to the medical protocol as of 2020, you should make two attempts to cannulate a patient before passing the job on to a more-senior practitioner.\n\nThe answer is (F).",
"role": "assistant"
},
{
"content": "Why are parvoviruses a highly impactful parasite?\nA. They are able to alter the host's DNA\nB. Because they have no nucleic acid\nC. They can survive in extreme temperatures\nD. Only replicate in dividing cells\nE. They can infect multiple species\nF. They don't require a host to survive\nG. Can integrate into host chromosomes",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on virology for help.\n\nParoviruses are highly impactful because they do not have nucleic acid.\n\nThe answer is (B).",
"role": "assistant"
},
{
"content": "A 15-year-old girl comes to the emergency department because, she says, \"something has been sticking out of my bottom since I had a bowel movement this morning.\" She has not had previous episodes, although for more than 1 year she has had occasional difficulty passing stools. She is not in pain but is afraid to move her bowels for fear that the problem will worsen. She tells you that she moved away from home more than a year ago and that her parents contribute nothing to her support. She has a 6-month-old child and lives with a 28-year-old female cousin. She has never been married and does not work or attend school. She has no other symptoms. In order to follow the correct procedure for treating a minor, which of the following is the most appropriate step prior to evaluating this patient's rectal problem?\nA. Obtain written consent from her 28-year-old cousin\nB. Obtain written consent from at least one of her parents\nC. Obtain a court order permitting evaluation\nD. Obtain the written consent of at least two licensed physicians\nE. Obtain the girl's consent in the presence of a witness\nF. Obtain written consent from the child's father\nG. Obtain verbal consent from at least one of her parents\nH. Wait until the girl turns 16 to perform the evaluation\nI. Accept the girl's consent as sufficient\nJ. Obtain written consent from a social worker",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on medical ethics for help.\n\nIn medical ethics, when dealing with minors, the principle of assent is applied. However, minors may not be able to provide informed consent.\n\nIn the case of this 15-year-old girl, to evaluate her rectal problem, her consent is not sufficient due to her age. \n\nIn the United States, for minors receiving medical treatment, parents or legal guardians must provide informed consent until the minor reaches the age of majority. However, since this girl is orphaned, we cannot obtain consent from her biological parents.\n\nIn this situation, the best course of action would be to obtain a court order permitting the evaluation of this patient, which is covered in option (C).\n\nThe answer is (C).",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
C
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I
| 0.927888
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"content": "The following are multiple choice questions (with answers) about health. Think step by step and then finish your answer with \"the answer is (X)\" where X is the correct letter choice.\nEach reasoning step in your response should end with two line breaks.",
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"content": "Which of the following is the body cavity that contains the pituitary gland?\nA. Ventral\nB. Dorsal\nC. Buccal\nD. Thoracic\nE. Pericardial\nF. Abdominal\nG. Spinal\nH. Pelvic\nI. Pleural\nJ. Cranial",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on anatomy for help.\n\nLet’s solve this problem step by step.\n\nThe pituitary gland is the major endocrine gland attached to the base of the brain, and it is contained in the Cranial cavity.\n\nThe answer is (J).",
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"content": "What is the embryological origin of the hyoid bone?\nA. The third and fourth pharyngeal arches\nB. The fourth pharyngeal arch\nC. The third pharyngeal arch\nD. The second pharyngeal arch\nE. The second, third and fourth pharyngeal arches\nF. The first pharyngeal arch\nG. The second and third pharyngeal arches\nH. The first and third pharyngeal arches\nI. The first, second and third pharyngeal arches\nJ. The first and second pharyngeal arches",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on anatomy for help.\n\nLet’s solve this problem step by step.\n\nThe hyoid bone, which is also known as the hyooid, is a a small U-shaped bone located in the anterior neck.\n\nIn its resting position, it lies between the ase of the mandible and the third cervical vertebrae.\n\nWe know that the second and the third pharyngeal arches give rise to the horns of the hyoid bone; therefore, the embryological origin of the hyoid bone are the second and the third pharyngeal arches—this information is covered in option (G).\n\nTherefore, we conclude that (G) must be the correct answer.\n\nThe answer is (G).",
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"content": "What is the difference between a male and a female catheter?\nA. Female catheters are used more frequently than male catheters.\nB. Male catheters are bigger than female catheters.\nC. Male catheters are more flexible than female catheters.\nD. Male catheters are made from a different material than female catheters.\nE. Female catheters are longer than male catheters.\nF. Male catheters are longer than female catheters.\nG. Female catheters are bigger than male catheters.\nH. Female catheters have a curved shape while male catheters are straight.\nI. Male and female catheters are different colours.\nJ. Male catheters have a smaller diameter than female catheters.",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on clinical knowledge for help.\n\nThe difference between a male and female catheter is that male catheters tend to be longer than female catheters.\n\nThe answer is (F).",
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"content": "How many attempts should you make to cannulate a patient before passing the job on to a senior colleague, according to the medical knowledge of 2020?\nA. 1\nB. Unlimited attempts\nC. 5\nD. 0, always pass on to a senior colleague\nE. 7\nF. 2\nG. 4\nH. 6\nI. 3\nJ. 8",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on clinical knowledge for help.\n\nAccording to the medical protocol as of 2020, you should make two attempts to cannulate a patient before passing the job on to a more-senior practitioner.\n\nThe answer is (F).",
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"content": "Why are parvoviruses a highly impactful parasite?\nA. They are able to alter the host's DNA\nB. Because they have no nucleic acid\nC. They can survive in extreme temperatures\nD. Only replicate in dividing cells\nE. They can infect multiple species\nF. They don't require a host to survive\nG. Can integrate into host chromosomes",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on virology for help.\n\nParoviruses are highly impactful because they do not have nucleic acid.\n\nThe answer is (B).",
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"content": "A 15-year-old girl comes to the emergency department because, she says, \"something has been sticking out of my bottom since I had a bowel movement this morning.\" She has not had previous episodes, although for more than 1 year she has had occasional difficulty passing stools. She is not in pain but is afraid to move her bowels for fear that the problem will worsen. She tells you that she moved away from home more than a year ago and that her parents contribute nothing to her support. She has a 6-month-old child and lives with a 28-year-old female cousin. She has never been married and does not work or attend school. She has no other symptoms. In order to follow the correct procedure for treating a minor, which of the following is the most appropriate step prior to evaluating this patient's rectal problem?\nA. Obtain written consent from her 28-year-old cousin\nB. Obtain written consent from at least one of her parents\nC. Obtain a court order permitting evaluation\nD. Obtain the written consent of at least two licensed physicians\nE. Obtain the girl's consent in the presence of a witness\nF. Obtain written consent from the child's father\nG. Obtain verbal consent from at least one of her parents\nH. Wait until the girl turns 16 to perform the evaluation\nI. Accept the girl's consent as sufficient\nJ. Obtain written consent from a social worker",
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"content": "We refer to various laws and medical guidelines for help.\n\nIn the United States, the \"Uniform Health Care Act\" follows the principle of the \"Mature Minor Doctrine\" (also known as the \"Mature Minor Rule\"), which states that minors who are considered mature enough to give informed consent for their own medical treatment are permitted to provide consent, free from parental involvement.\n\nIn this case, the patient is 15 years old and, although vulnerable due to her living situation, she appears mature and is able to express herself in a clear and informed manner. This situation is more complex, but to evaluate the patient's rectal problem we still need to obtain her consent.\n\nTherefore, according to the mature minor doctrine, the most appropriate step prior to evaluating this patient's rectal problem is to obtain the girl’s consent in the presence of a witness.\n\nThe answer is (E).\n\n",
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"content": "The following are multiple choice questions (with answers) about health. Think step by step and then finish your answer with \"the answer is (X)\" where X is the correct letter choice.\nEach reasoning step in your response should end with two line breaks.",
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"content": "Which of the following is the body cavity that contains the pituitary gland?\nA. Ventral\nB. Dorsal\nC. Buccal\nD. Thoracic\nE. Pericardial\nF. Abdominal\nG. Spinal\nH. Pelvic\nI. Pleural\nJ. Cranial",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on anatomy for help.\n\nLet’s solve this problem step by step.\n\nThe pituitary gland is the major endocrine gland attached to the base of the brain, and it is contained in the Cranial cavity.\n\nThe answer is (J).",
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"content": "What is the embryological origin of the hyoid bone?\nA. The third and fourth pharyngeal arches\nB. The fourth pharyngeal arch\nC. The third pharyngeal arch\nD. The second pharyngeal arch\nE. The second, third and fourth pharyngeal arches\nF. The first pharyngeal arch\nG. The second and third pharyngeal arches\nH. The first and third pharyngeal arches\nI. The first, second and third pharyngeal arches\nJ. The first and second pharyngeal arches",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on anatomy for help.\n\nLet’s solve this problem step by step.\n\nThe hyoid bone, which is also known as the hyooid, is a a small U-shaped bone located in the anterior neck.\n\nIn its resting position, it lies between the ase of the mandible and the third cervical vertebrae.\n\nWe know that the second and the third pharyngeal arches give rise to the horns of the hyoid bone; therefore, the embryological origin of the hyoid bone are the second and the third pharyngeal arches—this information is covered in option (G).\n\nTherefore, we conclude that (G) must be the correct answer.\n\nThe answer is (G).",
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"content": "What is the difference between a male and a female catheter?\nA. Female catheters are used more frequently than male catheters.\nB. Male catheters are bigger than female catheters.\nC. Male catheters are more flexible than female catheters.\nD. Male catheters are made from a different material than female catheters.\nE. Female catheters are longer than male catheters.\nF. Male catheters are longer than female catheters.\nG. Female catheters are bigger than male catheters.\nH. Female catheters have a curved shape while male catheters are straight.\nI. Male and female catheters are different colours.\nJ. Male catheters have a smaller diameter than female catheters.",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on clinical knowledge for help.\n\nThe difference between a male and female catheter is that male catheters tend to be longer than female catheters.\n\nThe answer is (F).",
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"content": "How many attempts should you make to cannulate a patient before passing the job on to a senior colleague, according to the medical knowledge of 2020?\nA. 1\nB. Unlimited attempts\nC. 5\nD. 0, always pass on to a senior colleague\nE. 7\nF. 2\nG. 4\nH. 6\nI. 3\nJ. 8",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on clinical knowledge for help.\n\nAccording to the medical protocol as of 2020, you should make two attempts to cannulate a patient before passing the job on to a more-senior practitioner.\n\nThe answer is (F).",
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"content": "Why are parvoviruses a highly impactful parasite?\nA. They are able to alter the host's DNA\nB. Because they have no nucleic acid\nC. They can survive in extreme temperatures\nD. Only replicate in dividing cells\nE. They can infect multiple species\nF. They don't require a host to survive\nG. Can integrate into host chromosomes",
"role": "user"
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on virology for help.\n\nParoviruses are highly impactful because they do not have nucleic acid.\n\nThe answer is (B).",
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"content": "A 15-year-old girl comes to the emergency department because, she says, \"something has been sticking out of my bottom since I had a bowel movement this morning.\" She has not had previous episodes, although for more than 1 year she has had occasional difficulty passing stools. She is not in pain but is afraid to move her bowels for fear that the problem will worsen. She tells you that she moved away from home more than a year ago and that her parents contribute nothing to her support. She has a 6-month-old child and lives with a 28-year-old female cousin. She has never been married and does not work or attend school. She has no other symptoms. In order to follow the correct procedure for treating a minor, which of the following is the most appropriate step prior to evaluating this patient's rectal problem?\nA. Obtain written consent from her 28-year-old cousin\nB. Obtain written consent from at least one of her parents\nC. Obtain a court order permitting evaluation\nD. Obtain the written consent of at least two licensed physicians\nE. Obtain the girl's consent in the presence of a witness\nF. Obtain written consent from the child's father\nG. Obtain verbal consent from at least one of her parents\nH. Wait until the girl turns 16 to perform the evaluation\nI. Accept the girl's consent as sufficient\nJ. Obtain written consent from a social worker",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on medical ethics for help.\n\nIn the case of a minor in the United States, the Medical Child Abuse Act states that a minor is deemed capable of giving informed consent for medical care for any matter related to a sexually transmitted disease, including obstetrical and gynecological care, if they are or will be 12 years of age or older and are or will be married or a parent.\n\nSince the patient in this case is a 15-year-old parent, and she is seeking medical attention for a potential sexually transmitted infection, she is considered capable of giving informed consent.\n\nThe answer is (E).\n\n",
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| 1
|
[
{
"content": "The following are multiple choice questions (with answers) about health. Think step by step and then finish your answer with \"the answer is (X)\" where X is the correct letter choice.\nEach reasoning step in your response should end with two line breaks.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "Which of the following is the body cavity that contains the pituitary gland?\nA. Ventral\nB. Dorsal\nC. Buccal\nD. Thoracic\nE. Pericardial\nF. Abdominal\nG. Spinal\nH. Pelvic\nI. Pleural\nJ. Cranial",
"role": "user"
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on anatomy for help.\n\nLet’s solve this problem step by step.\n\nThe pituitary gland is the major endocrine gland attached to the base of the brain, and it is contained in the Cranial cavity.\n\nThe answer is (J).",
"role": "assistant"
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"content": "What is the embryological origin of the hyoid bone?\nA. The third and fourth pharyngeal arches\nB. The fourth pharyngeal arch\nC. The third pharyngeal arch\nD. The second pharyngeal arch\nE. The second, third and fourth pharyngeal arches\nF. The first pharyngeal arch\nG. The second and third pharyngeal arches\nH. The first and third pharyngeal arches\nI. The first, second and third pharyngeal arches\nJ. The first and second pharyngeal arches",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on anatomy for help.\n\nLet’s solve this problem step by step.\n\nThe hyoid bone, which is also known as the hyooid, is a a small U-shaped bone located in the anterior neck.\n\nIn its resting position, it lies between the ase of the mandible and the third cervical vertebrae.\n\nWe know that the second and the third pharyngeal arches give rise to the horns of the hyoid bone; therefore, the embryological origin of the hyoid bone are the second and the third pharyngeal arches—this information is covered in option (G).\n\nTherefore, we conclude that (G) must be the correct answer.\n\nThe answer is (G).",
"role": "assistant"
},
{
"content": "What is the difference between a male and a female catheter?\nA. Female catheters are used more frequently than male catheters.\nB. Male catheters are bigger than female catheters.\nC. Male catheters are more flexible than female catheters.\nD. Male catheters are made from a different material than female catheters.\nE. Female catheters are longer than male catheters.\nF. Male catheters are longer than female catheters.\nG. Female catheters are bigger than male catheters.\nH. Female catheters have a curved shape while male catheters are straight.\nI. Male and female catheters are different colours.\nJ. Male catheters have a smaller diameter than female catheters.",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on clinical knowledge for help.\n\nThe difference between a male and female catheter is that male catheters tend to be longer than female catheters.\n\nThe answer is (F).",
"role": "assistant"
},
{
"content": "How many attempts should you make to cannulate a patient before passing the job on to a senior colleague, according to the medical knowledge of 2020?\nA. 1\nB. Unlimited attempts\nC. 5\nD. 0, always pass on to a senior colleague\nE. 7\nF. 2\nG. 4\nH. 6\nI. 3\nJ. 8",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on clinical knowledge for help.\n\nAccording to the medical protocol as of 2020, you should make two attempts to cannulate a patient before passing the job on to a more-senior practitioner.\n\nThe answer is (F).",
"role": "assistant"
},
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"content": "Why are parvoviruses a highly impactful parasite?\nA. They are able to alter the host's DNA\nB. Because they have no nucleic acid\nC. They can survive in extreme temperatures\nD. Only replicate in dividing cells\nE. They can infect multiple species\nF. They don't require a host to survive\nG. Can integrate into host chromosomes",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on virology for help.\n\nParoviruses are highly impactful because they do not have nucleic acid.\n\nThe answer is (B).",
"role": "assistant"
},
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"content": "A 15-year-old girl comes to the emergency department because, she says, \"something has been sticking out of my bottom since I had a bowel movement this morning.\" She has not had previous episodes, although for more than 1 year she has had occasional difficulty passing stools. She is not in pain but is afraid to move her bowels for fear that the problem will worsen. She tells you that she moved away from home more than a year ago and that her parents contribute nothing to her support. She has a 6-month-old child and lives with a 28-year-old female cousin. She has never been married and does not work or attend school. She has no other symptoms. In order to follow the correct procedure for treating a minor, which of the following is the most appropriate step prior to evaluating this patient's rectal problem?\nA. Obtain written consent from her 28-year-old cousin\nB. Obtain written consent from at least one of her parents\nC. Obtain a court order permitting evaluation\nD. Obtain the written consent of at least two licensed physicians\nE. Obtain the girl's consent in the presence of a witness\nF. Obtain written consent from the child's father\nG. Obtain verbal consent from at least one of her parents\nH. Wait until the girl turns 16 to perform the evaluation\nI. Accept the girl's consent as sufficient\nJ. Obtain written consent from a social worker",
"role": "user"
},
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on clinical knowledge for help.\n\nThe problem is that the patient is a minor. According to the Mature Minor Doctrine, minors have the right to make their own medical decisions if they have the capacity to understand the treatment and its implications.\n\nFor this patient, since she is able to understand the situation and makes a reasonable decision, her consent is sufficient for an evaluation.\n\nThe answer is (E).\n\n",
"role": "assistant"
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E
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I
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"content": "The following are multiple choice questions (with answers) about health. Think step by step and then finish your answer with \"the answer is (X)\" where X is the correct letter choice.\nEach reasoning step in your response should end with two line breaks.",
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"content": "Which of the following is the body cavity that contains the pituitary gland?\nA. Ventral\nB. Dorsal\nC. Buccal\nD. Thoracic\nE. Pericardial\nF. Abdominal\nG. Spinal\nH. Pelvic\nI. Pleural\nJ. Cranial",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on anatomy for help.\n\nLet’s solve this problem step by step.\n\nThe pituitary gland is the major endocrine gland attached to the base of the brain, and it is contained in the Cranial cavity.\n\nThe answer is (J).",
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"content": "What is the embryological origin of the hyoid bone?\nA. The third and fourth pharyngeal arches\nB. The fourth pharyngeal arch\nC. The third pharyngeal arch\nD. The second pharyngeal arch\nE. The second, third and fourth pharyngeal arches\nF. The first pharyngeal arch\nG. The second and third pharyngeal arches\nH. The first and third pharyngeal arches\nI. The first, second and third pharyngeal arches\nJ. The first and second pharyngeal arches",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on anatomy for help.\n\nLet’s solve this problem step by step.\n\nThe hyoid bone, which is also known as the hyooid, is a a small U-shaped bone located in the anterior neck.\n\nIn its resting position, it lies between the ase of the mandible and the third cervical vertebrae.\n\nWe know that the second and the third pharyngeal arches give rise to the horns of the hyoid bone; therefore, the embryological origin of the hyoid bone are the second and the third pharyngeal arches—this information is covered in option (G).\n\nTherefore, we conclude that (G) must be the correct answer.\n\nThe answer is (G).",
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"content": "What is the difference between a male and a female catheter?\nA. Female catheters are used more frequently than male catheters.\nB. Male catheters are bigger than female catheters.\nC. Male catheters are more flexible than female catheters.\nD. Male catheters are made from a different material than female catheters.\nE. Female catheters are longer than male catheters.\nF. Male catheters are longer than female catheters.\nG. Female catheters are bigger than male catheters.\nH. Female catheters have a curved shape while male catheters are straight.\nI. Male and female catheters are different colours.\nJ. Male catheters have a smaller diameter than female catheters.",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on clinical knowledge for help.\n\nThe difference between a male and female catheter is that male catheters tend to be longer than female catheters.\n\nThe answer is (F).",
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"content": "How many attempts should you make to cannulate a patient before passing the job on to a senior colleague, according to the medical knowledge of 2020?\nA. 1\nB. Unlimited attempts\nC. 5\nD. 0, always pass on to a senior colleague\nE. 7\nF. 2\nG. 4\nH. 6\nI. 3\nJ. 8",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on clinical knowledge for help.\n\nAccording to the medical protocol as of 2020, you should make two attempts to cannulate a patient before passing the job on to a more-senior practitioner.\n\nThe answer is (F).",
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"content": "Why are parvoviruses a highly impactful parasite?\nA. They are able to alter the host's DNA\nB. Because they have no nucleic acid\nC. They can survive in extreme temperatures\nD. Only replicate in dividing cells\nE. They can infect multiple species\nF. They don't require a host to survive\nG. Can integrate into host chromosomes",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on virology for help.\n\nParoviruses are highly impactful because they do not have nucleic acid.\n\nThe answer is (B).",
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"content": "A 15-year-old girl comes to the emergency department because, she says, \"something has been sticking out of my bottom since I had a bowel movement this morning.\" She has not had previous episodes, although for more than 1 year she has had occasional difficulty passing stools. She is not in pain but is afraid to move her bowels for fear that the problem will worsen. She tells you that she moved away from home more than a year ago and that her parents contribute nothing to her support. She has a 6-month-old child and lives with a 28-year-old female cousin. She has never been married and does not work or attend school. She has no other symptoms. In order to follow the correct procedure for treating a minor, which of the following is the most appropriate step prior to evaluating this patient's rectal problem?\nA. Obtain written consent from her 28-year-old cousin\nB. Obtain written consent from at least one of her parents\nC. Obtain a court order permitting evaluation\nD. Obtain the written consent of at least two licensed physicians\nE. Obtain the girl's consent in the presence of a witness\nF. Obtain written consent from the child's father\nG. Obtain verbal consent from at least one of her parents\nH. Wait until the girl turns 16 to perform the evaluation\nI. Accept the girl's consent as sufficient\nJ. Obtain written consent from a social worker",
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"content": "According to the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) and medical ethics, minors have the right to provide consent for medical evaluation and treatment in certain situations.\n\nIn this case, the girl is:\n\n- 15 years old, which means she is still a minor.\n- Not married, which means she is not emancipated.\n- Living independently but receiving no support from her parents, which means she is not emancipated due to financial independence.\n\nHowever, she has a minor child, which makes her a parent in her own right and, under the law, she has the right to provide consent for medical evaluation and treatment of herself.\n\nTherefore, the most appropriate step prior to evaluating her rectal problem is to obtain her written consent.\n\nThe answer is (E).",
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{
"content": "The following are multiple choice questions (with answers) about health. Think step by step and then finish your answer with \"the answer is (X)\" where X is the correct letter choice.\nEach reasoning step in your response should end with two line breaks.",
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"content": "Which of the following is the body cavity that contains the pituitary gland?\nA. Ventral\nB. Dorsal\nC. Buccal\nD. Thoracic\nE. Pericardial\nF. Abdominal\nG. Spinal\nH. Pelvic\nI. Pleural\nJ. Cranial",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on anatomy for help.\n\nLet’s solve this problem step by step.\n\nThe pituitary gland is the major endocrine gland attached to the base of the brain, and it is contained in the Cranial cavity.\n\nThe answer is (J).",
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"content": "What is the embryological origin of the hyoid bone?\nA. The third and fourth pharyngeal arches\nB. The fourth pharyngeal arch\nC. The third pharyngeal arch\nD. The second pharyngeal arch\nE. The second, third and fourth pharyngeal arches\nF. The first pharyngeal arch\nG. The second and third pharyngeal arches\nH. The first and third pharyngeal arches\nI. The first, second and third pharyngeal arches\nJ. The first and second pharyngeal arches",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on anatomy for help.\n\nLet’s solve this problem step by step.\n\nThe hyoid bone, which is also known as the hyooid, is a a small U-shaped bone located in the anterior neck.\n\nIn its resting position, it lies between the ase of the mandible and the third cervical vertebrae.\n\nWe know that the second and the third pharyngeal arches give rise to the horns of the hyoid bone; therefore, the embryological origin of the hyoid bone are the second and the third pharyngeal arches—this information is covered in option (G).\n\nTherefore, we conclude that (G) must be the correct answer.\n\nThe answer is (G).",
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"content": "What is the difference between a male and a female catheter?\nA. Female catheters are used more frequently than male catheters.\nB. Male catheters are bigger than female catheters.\nC. Male catheters are more flexible than female catheters.\nD. Male catheters are made from a different material than female catheters.\nE. Female catheters are longer than male catheters.\nF. Male catheters are longer than female catheters.\nG. Female catheters are bigger than male catheters.\nH. Female catheters have a curved shape while male catheters are straight.\nI. Male and female catheters are different colours.\nJ. Male catheters have a smaller diameter than female catheters.",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on clinical knowledge for help.\n\nThe difference between a male and female catheter is that male catheters tend to be longer than female catheters.\n\nThe answer is (F).",
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"content": "How many attempts should you make to cannulate a patient before passing the job on to a senior colleague, according to the medical knowledge of 2020?\nA. 1\nB. Unlimited attempts\nC. 5\nD. 0, always pass on to a senior colleague\nE. 7\nF. 2\nG. 4\nH. 6\nI. 3\nJ. 8",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on clinical knowledge for help.\n\nAccording to the medical protocol as of 2020, you should make two attempts to cannulate a patient before passing the job on to a more-senior practitioner.\n\nThe answer is (F).",
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"content": "Why are parvoviruses a highly impactful parasite?\nA. They are able to alter the host's DNA\nB. Because they have no nucleic acid\nC. They can survive in extreme temperatures\nD. Only replicate in dividing cells\nE. They can infect multiple species\nF. They don't require a host to survive\nG. Can integrate into host chromosomes",
"role": "user"
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on virology for help.\n\nParoviruses are highly impactful because they do not have nucleic acid.\n\nThe answer is (B).",
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"content": "A 15-year-old girl comes to the emergency department because, she says, \"something has been sticking out of my bottom since I had a bowel movement this morning.\" She has not had previous episodes, although for more than 1 year she has had occasional difficulty passing stools. She is not in pain but is afraid to move her bowels for fear that the problem will worsen. She tells you that she moved away from home more than a year ago and that her parents contribute nothing to her support. She has a 6-month-old child and lives with a 28-year-old female cousin. She has never been married and does not work or attend school. She has no other symptoms. In order to follow the correct procedure for treating a minor, which of the following is the most appropriate step prior to evaluating this patient's rectal problem?\nA. Obtain written consent from her 28-year-old cousin\nB. Obtain written consent from at least one of her parents\nC. Obtain a court order permitting evaluation\nD. Obtain the written consent of at least two licensed physicians\nE. Obtain the girl's consent in the presence of a witness\nF. Obtain written consent from the child's father\nG. Obtain verbal consent from at least one of her parents\nH. Wait until the girl turns 16 to perform the evaluation\nI. Accept the girl's consent as sufficient\nJ. Obtain written consent from a social worker",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on clinical knowledge, particularly in the context of minors' rights and treatment.\n\nThe girl's age is 15 years old, which is considered a minor in most jurisdictions. In the United States, minors (those under the age of 18) have the right to consent to medical treatment for certain conditions, including sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and pregnancy, without parental consent.\n\nHowever, when it comes to treatment of a rectal problem, a court order is not required, but a licensed physician can obtain consent from the minor if they are able to demonstrate their maturity or if the treatment is necessary to prevent harm.\n\nTherefore, the most appropriate step prior to evaluating this patient's rectal problem would be to obtain the girl's consent in the presence of a witness.\n\nThe answer is (E).\n\n",
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{
"content": "The following are multiple choice questions (with answers) about health. Think step by step and then finish your answer with \"the answer is (X)\" where X is the correct letter choice.\nEach reasoning step in your response should end with two line breaks.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "Which of the following is the body cavity that contains the pituitary gland?\nA. Ventral\nB. Dorsal\nC. Buccal\nD. Thoracic\nE. Pericardial\nF. Abdominal\nG. Spinal\nH. Pelvic\nI. Pleural\nJ. Cranial",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on anatomy for help.\n\nLet’s solve this problem step by step.\n\nThe pituitary gland is the major endocrine gland attached to the base of the brain, and it is contained in the Cranial cavity.\n\nThe answer is (J).",
"role": "assistant"
},
{
"content": "What is the embryological origin of the hyoid bone?\nA. The third and fourth pharyngeal arches\nB. The fourth pharyngeal arch\nC. The third pharyngeal arch\nD. The second pharyngeal arch\nE. The second, third and fourth pharyngeal arches\nF. The first pharyngeal arch\nG. The second and third pharyngeal arches\nH. The first and third pharyngeal arches\nI. The first, second and third pharyngeal arches\nJ. The first and second pharyngeal arches",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on anatomy for help.\n\nLet’s solve this problem step by step.\n\nThe hyoid bone, which is also known as the hyooid, is a a small U-shaped bone located in the anterior neck.\n\nIn its resting position, it lies between the ase of the mandible and the third cervical vertebrae.\n\nWe know that the second and the third pharyngeal arches give rise to the horns of the hyoid bone; therefore, the embryological origin of the hyoid bone are the second and the third pharyngeal arches—this information is covered in option (G).\n\nTherefore, we conclude that (G) must be the correct answer.\n\nThe answer is (G).",
"role": "assistant"
},
{
"content": "What is the difference between a male and a female catheter?\nA. Female catheters are used more frequently than male catheters.\nB. Male catheters are bigger than female catheters.\nC. Male catheters are more flexible than female catheters.\nD. Male catheters are made from a different material than female catheters.\nE. Female catheters are longer than male catheters.\nF. Male catheters are longer than female catheters.\nG. Female catheters are bigger than male catheters.\nH. Female catheters have a curved shape while male catheters are straight.\nI. Male and female catheters are different colours.\nJ. Male catheters have a smaller diameter than female catheters.",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on clinical knowledge for help.\n\nThe difference between a male and female catheter is that male catheters tend to be longer than female catheters.\n\nThe answer is (F).",
"role": "assistant"
},
{
"content": "How many attempts should you make to cannulate a patient before passing the job on to a senior colleague, according to the medical knowledge of 2020?\nA. 1\nB. Unlimited attempts\nC. 5\nD. 0, always pass on to a senior colleague\nE. 7\nF. 2\nG. 4\nH. 6\nI. 3\nJ. 8",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on clinical knowledge for help.\n\nAccording to the medical protocol as of 2020, you should make two attempts to cannulate a patient before passing the job on to a more-senior practitioner.\n\nThe answer is (F).",
"role": "assistant"
},
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"content": "Why are parvoviruses a highly impactful parasite?\nA. They are able to alter the host's DNA\nB. Because they have no nucleic acid\nC. They can survive in extreme temperatures\nD. Only replicate in dividing cells\nE. They can infect multiple species\nF. They don't require a host to survive\nG. Can integrate into host chromosomes",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on virology for help.\n\nParoviruses are highly impactful because they do not have nucleic acid.\n\nThe answer is (B).",
"role": "assistant"
},
{
"content": "A 15-year-old girl comes to the emergency department because, she says, \"something has been sticking out of my bottom since I had a bowel movement this morning.\" She has not had previous episodes, although for more than 1 year she has had occasional difficulty passing stools. She is not in pain but is afraid to move her bowels for fear that the problem will worsen. She tells you that she moved away from home more than a year ago and that her parents contribute nothing to her support. She has a 6-month-old child and lives with a 28-year-old female cousin. She has never been married and does not work or attend school. She has no other symptoms. In order to follow the correct procedure for treating a minor, which of the following is the most appropriate step prior to evaluating this patient's rectal problem?\nA. Obtain written consent from her 28-year-old cousin\nB. Obtain written consent from at least one of her parents\nC. Obtain a court order permitting evaluation\nD. Obtain the written consent of at least two licensed physicians\nE. Obtain the girl's consent in the presence of a witness\nF. Obtain written consent from the child's father\nG. Obtain verbal consent from at least one of her parents\nH. Wait until the girl turns 16 to perform the evaluation\nI. Accept the girl's consent as sufficient\nJ. Obtain written consent from a social worker",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "We refer to the Minor's Consent to Medical Treatment laws, which vary by state or country.\n\nAccording to these laws, in many jurisdictions, a competent 14- to 17-year-old minor can consent to many medical services, including those related to health, without parental consent.\n\nHowever, if the minor is a minor in need of support, such as in this scenario where the girl lives away from home and receives no support from her parents, then the laws of many jurisdictions require that consent be obtained from the girl or another appropriate adult due to her status being that of a \"minor in need of support\" due to her circumstances.\n\nHence considering the girl's circumstances, it is more likely that obtaining the girl's consent in the presence of a witness would be the most appropriate step, as she is 15 and a minor in need of support, and therefore does not require parental consent for the initial evaluation.\n\nThe answer is (E).\n\n",
"role": "assistant"
}
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E
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I
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"content": "The following are multiple choice questions (with answers) about health. Think step by step and then finish your answer with \"the answer is (X)\" where X is the correct letter choice.\nEach reasoning step in your response should end with two line breaks.",
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"content": "Which of the following is the body cavity that contains the pituitary gland?\nA. Ventral\nB. Dorsal\nC. Buccal\nD. Thoracic\nE. Pericardial\nF. Abdominal\nG. Spinal\nH. Pelvic\nI. Pleural\nJ. Cranial",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on anatomy for help.\n\nLet’s solve this problem step by step.\n\nThe pituitary gland is the major endocrine gland attached to the base of the brain, and it is contained in the Cranial cavity.\n\nThe answer is (J).",
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"content": "What is the embryological origin of the hyoid bone?\nA. The third and fourth pharyngeal arches\nB. The fourth pharyngeal arch\nC. The third pharyngeal arch\nD. The second pharyngeal arch\nE. The second, third and fourth pharyngeal arches\nF. The first pharyngeal arch\nG. The second and third pharyngeal arches\nH. The first and third pharyngeal arches\nI. The first, second and third pharyngeal arches\nJ. The first and second pharyngeal arches",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on anatomy for help.\n\nLet’s solve this problem step by step.\n\nThe hyoid bone, which is also known as the hyooid, is a a small U-shaped bone located in the anterior neck.\n\nIn its resting position, it lies between the ase of the mandible and the third cervical vertebrae.\n\nWe know that the second and the third pharyngeal arches give rise to the horns of the hyoid bone; therefore, the embryological origin of the hyoid bone are the second and the third pharyngeal arches—this information is covered in option (G).\n\nTherefore, we conclude that (G) must be the correct answer.\n\nThe answer is (G).",
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"content": "What is the difference between a male and a female catheter?\nA. Female catheters are used more frequently than male catheters.\nB. Male catheters are bigger than female catheters.\nC. Male catheters are more flexible than female catheters.\nD. Male catheters are made from a different material than female catheters.\nE. Female catheters are longer than male catheters.\nF. Male catheters are longer than female catheters.\nG. Female catheters are bigger than male catheters.\nH. Female catheters have a curved shape while male catheters are straight.\nI. Male and female catheters are different colours.\nJ. Male catheters have a smaller diameter than female catheters.",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on clinical knowledge for help.\n\nThe difference between a male and female catheter is that male catheters tend to be longer than female catheters.\n\nThe answer is (F).",
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"content": "How many attempts should you make to cannulate a patient before passing the job on to a senior colleague, according to the medical knowledge of 2020?\nA. 1\nB. Unlimited attempts\nC. 5\nD. 0, always pass on to a senior colleague\nE. 7\nF. 2\nG. 4\nH. 6\nI. 3\nJ. 8",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on clinical knowledge for help.\n\nAccording to the medical protocol as of 2020, you should make two attempts to cannulate a patient before passing the job on to a more-senior practitioner.\n\nThe answer is (F).",
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"content": "Why are parvoviruses a highly impactful parasite?\nA. They are able to alter the host's DNA\nB. Because they have no nucleic acid\nC. They can survive in extreme temperatures\nD. Only replicate in dividing cells\nE. They can infect multiple species\nF. They don't require a host to survive\nG. Can integrate into host chromosomes",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on virology for help.\n\nParoviruses are highly impactful because they do not have nucleic acid.\n\nThe answer is (B).",
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"content": "A 15-year-old girl comes to the emergency department because, she says, \"something has been sticking out of my bottom since I had a bowel movement this morning.\" She has not had previous episodes, although for more than 1 year she has had occasional difficulty passing stools. She is not in pain but is afraid to move her bowels for fear that the problem will worsen. She tells you that she moved away from home more than a year ago and that her parents contribute nothing to her support. She has a 6-month-old child and lives with a 28-year-old female cousin. She has never been married and does not work or attend school. She has no other symptoms. In order to follow the correct procedure for treating a minor, which of the following is the most appropriate step prior to evaluating this patient's rectal problem?\nA. Obtain written consent from her 28-year-old cousin\nB. Obtain written consent from at least one of her parents\nC. Obtain a court order permitting evaluation\nD. Obtain the written consent of at least two licensed physicians\nE. Obtain the girl's consent in the presence of a witness\nF. Obtain written consent from the child's father\nG. Obtain verbal consent from at least one of her parents\nH. Wait until the girl turns 16 to perform the evaluation\nI. Accept the girl's consent as sufficient\nJ. Obtain written consent from a social worker",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on medical ethics for help.\n\nAccording to the minors' consent laws in many jurisdictions, minors under a certain age (in this case, 16) are allowed to consent to medical care for certain issues, such as reproductive health, sexually transmitted infections, and mental health services, without parental consent.\n\nIn this case, since the girl is experiencing a rectal problem, and considering her age of 15, it would be most appropriate to obtain the girl's consent in the presence of a witness, such as a designated healthcare provider or a trained chaperone, to ensure her rights and comfort are respected.\n\nThe answer is (E).\n\n",
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{
"content": "The following are multiple choice questions (with answers) about health. Think step by step and then finish your answer with \"the answer is (X)\" where X is the correct letter choice.\nEach reasoning step in your response should end with two line breaks.",
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"content": "Which of the following is the body cavity that contains the pituitary gland?\nA. Ventral\nB. Dorsal\nC. Buccal\nD. Thoracic\nE. Pericardial\nF. Abdominal\nG. Spinal\nH. Pelvic\nI. Pleural\nJ. Cranial",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on anatomy for help.\n\nLet’s solve this problem step by step.\n\nThe pituitary gland is the major endocrine gland attached to the base of the brain, and it is contained in the Cranial cavity.\n\nThe answer is (J).",
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"content": "What is the embryological origin of the hyoid bone?\nA. The third and fourth pharyngeal arches\nB. The fourth pharyngeal arch\nC. The third pharyngeal arch\nD. The second pharyngeal arch\nE. The second, third and fourth pharyngeal arches\nF. The first pharyngeal arch\nG. The second and third pharyngeal arches\nH. The first and third pharyngeal arches\nI. The first, second and third pharyngeal arches\nJ. The first and second pharyngeal arches",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on anatomy for help.\n\nLet’s solve this problem step by step.\n\nThe hyoid bone, which is also known as the hyooid, is a a small U-shaped bone located in the anterior neck.\n\nIn its resting position, it lies between the ase of the mandible and the third cervical vertebrae.\n\nWe know that the second and the third pharyngeal arches give rise to the horns of the hyoid bone; therefore, the embryological origin of the hyoid bone are the second and the third pharyngeal arches—this information is covered in option (G).\n\nTherefore, we conclude that (G) must be the correct answer.\n\nThe answer is (G).",
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"content": "What is the difference between a male and a female catheter?\nA. Female catheters are used more frequently than male catheters.\nB. Male catheters are bigger than female catheters.\nC. Male catheters are more flexible than female catheters.\nD. Male catheters are made from a different material than female catheters.\nE. Female catheters are longer than male catheters.\nF. Male catheters are longer than female catheters.\nG. Female catheters are bigger than male catheters.\nH. Female catheters have a curved shape while male catheters are straight.\nI. Male and female catheters are different colours.\nJ. Male catheters have a smaller diameter than female catheters.",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on clinical knowledge for help.\n\nThe difference between a male and female catheter is that male catheters tend to be longer than female catheters.\n\nThe answer is (F).",
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"content": "How many attempts should you make to cannulate a patient before passing the job on to a senior colleague, according to the medical knowledge of 2020?\nA. 1\nB. Unlimited attempts\nC. 5\nD. 0, always pass on to a senior colleague\nE. 7\nF. 2\nG. 4\nH. 6\nI. 3\nJ. 8",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on clinical knowledge for help.\n\nAccording to the medical protocol as of 2020, you should make two attempts to cannulate a patient before passing the job on to a more-senior practitioner.\n\nThe answer is (F).",
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"content": "Why are parvoviruses a highly impactful parasite?\nA. They are able to alter the host's DNA\nB. Because they have no nucleic acid\nC. They can survive in extreme temperatures\nD. Only replicate in dividing cells\nE. They can infect multiple species\nF. They don't require a host to survive\nG. Can integrate into host chromosomes",
"role": "user"
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on virology for help.\n\nParoviruses are highly impactful because they do not have nucleic acid.\n\nThe answer is (B).",
"role": "assistant"
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"content": "A 13-month-old child is brought to the emergency department because of urticaria, swelling of the lips, and difficulty breathing immediately after eating an egg. A potential risk for hypersensitivity reaction is posed by vaccination against which of the following illnesses?\nA. Hepatitis\nB. Influenza\nC. Pertussis\nD. Poliomyelitis",
"role": "user"
},
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on immunology and allergy for help.\n\nHypersensitivity reactions can occur with various vaccines, but a notable reaction to egg (ovalbumin) is associated with the influenza vaccine.\n\nThis is because the influenza vaccine, especially the traditional whole-virus or split-virus inactivated vaccine (TIV) is grown in chicken eggs; this makes it a potential trigger for anaphylaxis. However, this is less common in recent times with the introduction of egg-free vaccines.\n\nThe answer is (B).\n\n",
"role": "assistant"
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B
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B
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{
"content": "The following are multiple choice questions (with answers) about health. Think step by step and then finish your answer with \"the answer is (X)\" where X is the correct letter choice.\nEach reasoning step in your response should end with two line breaks.",
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"content": "Which of the following is the body cavity that contains the pituitary gland?\nA. Ventral\nB. Dorsal\nC. Buccal\nD. Thoracic\nE. Pericardial\nF. Abdominal\nG. Spinal\nH. Pelvic\nI. Pleural\nJ. Cranial",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on anatomy for help.\n\nLet’s solve this problem step by step.\n\nThe pituitary gland is the major endocrine gland attached to the base of the brain, and it is contained in the Cranial cavity.\n\nThe answer is (J).",
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"content": "What is the embryological origin of the hyoid bone?\nA. The third and fourth pharyngeal arches\nB. The fourth pharyngeal arch\nC. The third pharyngeal arch\nD. The second pharyngeal arch\nE. The second, third and fourth pharyngeal arches\nF. The first pharyngeal arch\nG. The second and third pharyngeal arches\nH. The first and third pharyngeal arches\nI. The first, second and third pharyngeal arches\nJ. The first and second pharyngeal arches",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on anatomy for help.\n\nLet’s solve this problem step by step.\n\nThe hyoid bone, which is also known as the hyooid, is a a small U-shaped bone located in the anterior neck.\n\nIn its resting position, it lies between the ase of the mandible and the third cervical vertebrae.\n\nWe know that the second and the third pharyngeal arches give rise to the horns of the hyoid bone; therefore, the embryological origin of the hyoid bone are the second and the third pharyngeal arches—this information is covered in option (G).\n\nTherefore, we conclude that (G) must be the correct answer.\n\nThe answer is (G).",
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"content": "What is the difference between a male and a female catheter?\nA. Female catheters are used more frequently than male catheters.\nB. Male catheters are bigger than female catheters.\nC. Male catheters are more flexible than female catheters.\nD. Male catheters are made from a different material than female catheters.\nE. Female catheters are longer than male catheters.\nF. Male catheters are longer than female catheters.\nG. Female catheters are bigger than male catheters.\nH. Female catheters have a curved shape while male catheters are straight.\nI. Male and female catheters are different colours.\nJ. Male catheters have a smaller diameter than female catheters.",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on clinical knowledge for help.\n\nThe difference between a male and female catheter is that male catheters tend to be longer than female catheters.\n\nThe answer is (F).",
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"content": "How many attempts should you make to cannulate a patient before passing the job on to a senior colleague, according to the medical knowledge of 2020?\nA. 1\nB. Unlimited attempts\nC. 5\nD. 0, always pass on to a senior colleague\nE. 7\nF. 2\nG. 4\nH. 6\nI. 3\nJ. 8",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on clinical knowledge for help.\n\nAccording to the medical protocol as of 2020, you should make two attempts to cannulate a patient before passing the job on to a more-senior practitioner.\n\nThe answer is (F).",
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"content": "Why are parvoviruses a highly impactful parasite?\nA. They are able to alter the host's DNA\nB. Because they have no nucleic acid\nC. They can survive in extreme temperatures\nD. Only replicate in dividing cells\nE. They can infect multiple species\nF. They don't require a host to survive\nG. Can integrate into host chromosomes",
"role": "user"
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on virology for help.\n\nParoviruses are highly impactful because they do not have nucleic acid.\n\nThe answer is (B).",
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"content": "A 13-month-old child is brought to the emergency department because of urticaria, swelling of the lips, and difficulty breathing immediately after eating an egg. A potential risk for hypersensitivity reaction is posed by vaccination against which of the following illnesses?\nA. Hepatitis\nB. Influenza\nC. Pertussis\nD. Poliomyelitis",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on immunology for help.\n\nThe 13-month-old child is experiencing symptoms of anaphylaxis, a hypersensitivity reaction, immediately after eating an egg.\n\nEggs are a common allergen, and individuals allergic to eggs may also be at risk of developing an allergic reaction to other proteins made from eggs, such as ovalbumin, which is also present in certain vaccines.\n\nThe pertussis vaccine is produced using an egg-based cell culture process. Thus individuals with a history of severe egg allergy are typically recommended to avoid this vaccine.\n\nThe answer is (C).\n\n",
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C
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{
"content": "The following are multiple choice questions (with answers) about health. Think step by step and then finish your answer with \"the answer is (X)\" where X is the correct letter choice.\nEach reasoning step in your response should end with two line breaks.",
"role": "system"
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"content": "Which of the following is the body cavity that contains the pituitary gland?\nA. Ventral\nB. Dorsal\nC. Buccal\nD. Thoracic\nE. Pericardial\nF. Abdominal\nG. Spinal\nH. Pelvic\nI. Pleural\nJ. Cranial",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on anatomy for help.\n\nLet’s solve this problem step by step.\n\nThe pituitary gland is the major endocrine gland attached to the base of the brain, and it is contained in the Cranial cavity.\n\nThe answer is (J).",
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"content": "What is the embryological origin of the hyoid bone?\nA. The third and fourth pharyngeal arches\nB. The fourth pharyngeal arch\nC. The third pharyngeal arch\nD. The second pharyngeal arch\nE. The second, third and fourth pharyngeal arches\nF. The first pharyngeal arch\nG. The second and third pharyngeal arches\nH. The first and third pharyngeal arches\nI. The first, second and third pharyngeal arches\nJ. The first and second pharyngeal arches",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on anatomy for help.\n\nLet’s solve this problem step by step.\n\nThe hyoid bone, which is also known as the hyooid, is a a small U-shaped bone located in the anterior neck.\n\nIn its resting position, it lies between the ase of the mandible and the third cervical vertebrae.\n\nWe know that the second and the third pharyngeal arches give rise to the horns of the hyoid bone; therefore, the embryological origin of the hyoid bone are the second and the third pharyngeal arches—this information is covered in option (G).\n\nTherefore, we conclude that (G) must be the correct answer.\n\nThe answer is (G).",
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"content": "What is the difference between a male and a female catheter?\nA. Female catheters are used more frequently than male catheters.\nB. Male catheters are bigger than female catheters.\nC. Male catheters are more flexible than female catheters.\nD. Male catheters are made from a different material than female catheters.\nE. Female catheters are longer than male catheters.\nF. Male catheters are longer than female catheters.\nG. Female catheters are bigger than male catheters.\nH. Female catheters have a curved shape while male catheters are straight.\nI. Male and female catheters are different colours.\nJ. Male catheters have a smaller diameter than female catheters.",
"role": "user"
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on clinical knowledge for help.\n\nThe difference between a male and female catheter is that male catheters tend to be longer than female catheters.\n\nThe answer is (F).",
"role": "assistant"
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"content": "How many attempts should you make to cannulate a patient before passing the job on to a senior colleague, according to the medical knowledge of 2020?\nA. 1\nB. Unlimited attempts\nC. 5\nD. 0, always pass on to a senior colleague\nE. 7\nF. 2\nG. 4\nH. 6\nI. 3\nJ. 8",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on clinical knowledge for help.\n\nAccording to the medical protocol as of 2020, you should make two attempts to cannulate a patient before passing the job on to a more-senior practitioner.\n\nThe answer is (F).",
"role": "assistant"
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"content": "Why are parvoviruses a highly impactful parasite?\nA. They are able to alter the host's DNA\nB. Because they have no nucleic acid\nC. They can survive in extreme temperatures\nD. Only replicate in dividing cells\nE. They can infect multiple species\nF. They don't require a host to survive\nG. Can integrate into host chromosomes",
"role": "user"
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on virology for help.\n\nParoviruses are highly impactful because they do not have nucleic acid.\n\nThe answer is (B).",
"role": "assistant"
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"content": "A 13-month-old child is brought to the emergency department because of urticaria, swelling of the lips, and difficulty breathing immediately after eating an egg. A potential risk for hypersensitivity reaction is posed by vaccination against which of the following illnesses?\nA. Hepatitis\nB. Influenza\nC. Pertussis\nD. Poliomyelitis",
"role": "user"
},
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on immunology for help.\n\nThe child's symptoms, such as urticaria and difficulty breathing after eating an egg, suggest an allergy to egg proteins.\n\nMany vaccines are produced in chicken eggs and therefore contain egg proteins. This poses a risk for individuals with egg allergies.\n\nOne vaccine that is produced in chicken eggs is the inactivated poliovirus vaccine (IPV).\n\nLet’s break down the options and identify the vaccine that would pose a risk.\n\nThe answer is D.",
"role": "assistant"
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D
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B
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{
"content": "The following are multiple choice questions (with answers) about health. Think step by step and then finish your answer with \"the answer is (X)\" where X is the correct letter choice.\nEach reasoning step in your response should end with two line breaks.",
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"content": "Which of the following is the body cavity that contains the pituitary gland?\nA. Ventral\nB. Dorsal\nC. Buccal\nD. Thoracic\nE. Pericardial\nF. Abdominal\nG. Spinal\nH. Pelvic\nI. Pleural\nJ. Cranial",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on anatomy for help.\n\nLet’s solve this problem step by step.\n\nThe pituitary gland is the major endocrine gland attached to the base of the brain, and it is contained in the Cranial cavity.\n\nThe answer is (J).",
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"content": "What is the embryological origin of the hyoid bone?\nA. The third and fourth pharyngeal arches\nB. The fourth pharyngeal arch\nC. The third pharyngeal arch\nD. The second pharyngeal arch\nE. The second, third and fourth pharyngeal arches\nF. The first pharyngeal arch\nG. The second and third pharyngeal arches\nH. The first and third pharyngeal arches\nI. The first, second and third pharyngeal arches\nJ. The first and second pharyngeal arches",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on anatomy for help.\n\nLet’s solve this problem step by step.\n\nThe hyoid bone, which is also known as the hyooid, is a a small U-shaped bone located in the anterior neck.\n\nIn its resting position, it lies between the ase of the mandible and the third cervical vertebrae.\n\nWe know that the second and the third pharyngeal arches give rise to the horns of the hyoid bone; therefore, the embryological origin of the hyoid bone are the second and the third pharyngeal arches—this information is covered in option (G).\n\nTherefore, we conclude that (G) must be the correct answer.\n\nThe answer is (G).",
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"content": "What is the difference between a male and a female catheter?\nA. Female catheters are used more frequently than male catheters.\nB. Male catheters are bigger than female catheters.\nC. Male catheters are more flexible than female catheters.\nD. Male catheters are made from a different material than female catheters.\nE. Female catheters are longer than male catheters.\nF. Male catheters are longer than female catheters.\nG. Female catheters are bigger than male catheters.\nH. Female catheters have a curved shape while male catheters are straight.\nI. Male and female catheters are different colours.\nJ. Male catheters have a smaller diameter than female catheters.",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on clinical knowledge for help.\n\nThe difference between a male and female catheter is that male catheters tend to be longer than female catheters.\n\nThe answer is (F).",
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"content": "How many attempts should you make to cannulate a patient before passing the job on to a senior colleague, according to the medical knowledge of 2020?\nA. 1\nB. Unlimited attempts\nC. 5\nD. 0, always pass on to a senior colleague\nE. 7\nF. 2\nG. 4\nH. 6\nI. 3\nJ. 8",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on clinical knowledge for help.\n\nAccording to the medical protocol as of 2020, you should make two attempts to cannulate a patient before passing the job on to a more-senior practitioner.\n\nThe answer is (F).",
"role": "assistant"
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"content": "Why are parvoviruses a highly impactful parasite?\nA. They are able to alter the host's DNA\nB. Because they have no nucleic acid\nC. They can survive in extreme temperatures\nD. Only replicate in dividing cells\nE. They can infect multiple species\nF. They don't require a host to survive\nG. Can integrate into host chromosomes",
"role": "user"
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on virology for help.\n\nParoviruses are highly impactful because they do not have nucleic acid.\n\nThe answer is (B).",
"role": "assistant"
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"content": "A 13-month-old child is brought to the emergency department because of urticaria, swelling of the lips, and difficulty breathing immediately after eating an egg. A potential risk for hypersensitivity reaction is posed by vaccination against which of the following illnesses?\nA. Hepatitis\nB. Influenza\nC. Pertussis\nD. Poliomyelitis",
"role": "user"
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on allergy and immunization for help.\n\nThe symptoms described for the child are indicative of anaphylaxis, a severe hypersensitivity reaction, likely caused by an allergy to egg.\n\nVaccines for influenza are sometimes grown using chicken eggs. As a result, some people may be allergic to the small amounts of egg protein that remain in the vaccine.\n\nThe answer is (B).\n\n",
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B
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B
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{
"content": "The following are multiple choice questions (with answers) about health. Think step by step and then finish your answer with \"the answer is (X)\" where X is the correct letter choice.\nEach reasoning step in your response should end with two line breaks.",
"role": "system"
},
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"content": "Which of the following is the body cavity that contains the pituitary gland?\nA. Ventral\nB. Dorsal\nC. Buccal\nD. Thoracic\nE. Pericardial\nF. Abdominal\nG. Spinal\nH. Pelvic\nI. Pleural\nJ. Cranial",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on anatomy for help.\n\nLet’s solve this problem step by step.\n\nThe pituitary gland is the major endocrine gland attached to the base of the brain, and it is contained in the Cranial cavity.\n\nThe answer is (J).",
"role": "assistant"
},
{
"content": "What is the embryological origin of the hyoid bone?\nA. The third and fourth pharyngeal arches\nB. The fourth pharyngeal arch\nC. The third pharyngeal arch\nD. The second pharyngeal arch\nE. The second, third and fourth pharyngeal arches\nF. The first pharyngeal arch\nG. The second and third pharyngeal arches\nH. The first and third pharyngeal arches\nI. The first, second and third pharyngeal arches\nJ. The first and second pharyngeal arches",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on anatomy for help.\n\nLet’s solve this problem step by step.\n\nThe hyoid bone, which is also known as the hyooid, is a a small U-shaped bone located in the anterior neck.\n\nIn its resting position, it lies between the ase of the mandible and the third cervical vertebrae.\n\nWe know that the second and the third pharyngeal arches give rise to the horns of the hyoid bone; therefore, the embryological origin of the hyoid bone are the second and the third pharyngeal arches—this information is covered in option (G).\n\nTherefore, we conclude that (G) must be the correct answer.\n\nThe answer is (G).",
"role": "assistant"
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"content": "What is the difference between a male and a female catheter?\nA. Female catheters are used more frequently than male catheters.\nB. Male catheters are bigger than female catheters.\nC. Male catheters are more flexible than female catheters.\nD. Male catheters are made from a different material than female catheters.\nE. Female catheters are longer than male catheters.\nF. Male catheters are longer than female catheters.\nG. Female catheters are bigger than male catheters.\nH. Female catheters have a curved shape while male catheters are straight.\nI. Male and female catheters are different colours.\nJ. Male catheters have a smaller diameter than female catheters.",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on clinical knowledge for help.\n\nThe difference between a male and female catheter is that male catheters tend to be longer than female catheters.\n\nThe answer is (F).",
"role": "assistant"
},
{
"content": "How many attempts should you make to cannulate a patient before passing the job on to a senior colleague, according to the medical knowledge of 2020?\nA. 1\nB. Unlimited attempts\nC. 5\nD. 0, always pass on to a senior colleague\nE. 7\nF. 2\nG. 4\nH. 6\nI. 3\nJ. 8",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on clinical knowledge for help.\n\nAccording to the medical protocol as of 2020, you should make two attempts to cannulate a patient before passing the job on to a more-senior practitioner.\n\nThe answer is (F).",
"role": "assistant"
},
{
"content": "Why are parvoviruses a highly impactful parasite?\nA. They are able to alter the host's DNA\nB. Because they have no nucleic acid\nC. They can survive in extreme temperatures\nD. Only replicate in dividing cells\nE. They can infect multiple species\nF. They don't require a host to survive\nG. Can integrate into host chromosomes",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on virology for help.\n\nParoviruses are highly impactful because they do not have nucleic acid.\n\nThe answer is (B).",
"role": "assistant"
},
{
"content": "A 13-month-old child is brought to the emergency department because of urticaria, swelling of the lips, and difficulty breathing immediately after eating an egg. A potential risk for hypersensitivity reaction is posed by vaccination against which of the following illnesses?\nA. Hepatitis\nB. Influenza\nC. Pertussis\nD. Poliomyelitis",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on allergology for help.\n\nThe child is experiencing a hypersensitivity reaction to an egg, and this might be a risk for certain vaccines that contain eggs.\n\nIn this case, the risks are associated with the influenza vaccine because it is grown on chicken embryos and contains egg proteins.\n\nThe answer is (B).\n\n",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
B
|
B
| 0.998299
| true
|
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{
"content": "The following are multiple choice questions (with answers) about health. Think step by step and then finish your answer with \"the answer is (X)\" where X is the correct letter choice.\nEach reasoning step in your response should end with two line breaks.",
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"content": "Which of the following is the body cavity that contains the pituitary gland?\nA. Ventral\nB. Dorsal\nC. Buccal\nD. Thoracic\nE. Pericardial\nF. Abdominal\nG. Spinal\nH. Pelvic\nI. Pleural\nJ. Cranial",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on anatomy for help.\n\nLet’s solve this problem step by step.\n\nThe pituitary gland is the major endocrine gland attached to the base of the brain, and it is contained in the Cranial cavity.\n\nThe answer is (J).",
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"content": "What is the embryological origin of the hyoid bone?\nA. The third and fourth pharyngeal arches\nB. The fourth pharyngeal arch\nC. The third pharyngeal arch\nD. The second pharyngeal arch\nE. The second, third and fourth pharyngeal arches\nF. The first pharyngeal arch\nG. The second and third pharyngeal arches\nH. The first and third pharyngeal arches\nI. The first, second and third pharyngeal arches\nJ. The first and second pharyngeal arches",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on anatomy for help.\n\nLet’s solve this problem step by step.\n\nThe hyoid bone, which is also known as the hyooid, is a a small U-shaped bone located in the anterior neck.\n\nIn its resting position, it lies between the ase of the mandible and the third cervical vertebrae.\n\nWe know that the second and the third pharyngeal arches give rise to the horns of the hyoid bone; therefore, the embryological origin of the hyoid bone are the second and the third pharyngeal arches—this information is covered in option (G).\n\nTherefore, we conclude that (G) must be the correct answer.\n\nThe answer is (G).",
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"content": "What is the difference between a male and a female catheter?\nA. Female catheters are used more frequently than male catheters.\nB. Male catheters are bigger than female catheters.\nC. Male catheters are more flexible than female catheters.\nD. Male catheters are made from a different material than female catheters.\nE. Female catheters are longer than male catheters.\nF. Male catheters are longer than female catheters.\nG. Female catheters are bigger than male catheters.\nH. Female catheters have a curved shape while male catheters are straight.\nI. Male and female catheters are different colours.\nJ. Male catheters have a smaller diameter than female catheters.",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on clinical knowledge for help.\n\nThe difference between a male and female catheter is that male catheters tend to be longer than female catheters.\n\nThe answer is (F).",
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"content": "How many attempts should you make to cannulate a patient before passing the job on to a senior colleague, according to the medical knowledge of 2020?\nA. 1\nB. Unlimited attempts\nC. 5\nD. 0, always pass on to a senior colleague\nE. 7\nF. 2\nG. 4\nH. 6\nI. 3\nJ. 8",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on clinical knowledge for help.\n\nAccording to the medical protocol as of 2020, you should make two attempts to cannulate a patient before passing the job on to a more-senior practitioner.\n\nThe answer is (F).",
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"content": "Why are parvoviruses a highly impactful parasite?\nA. They are able to alter the host's DNA\nB. Because they have no nucleic acid\nC. They can survive in extreme temperatures\nD. Only replicate in dividing cells\nE. They can infect multiple species\nF. They don't require a host to survive\nG. Can integrate into host chromosomes",
"role": "user"
},
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on virology for help.\n\nParoviruses are highly impactful because they do not have nucleic acid.\n\nThe answer is (B).",
"role": "assistant"
},
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"content": "A 13-month-old child is brought to the emergency department because of urticaria, swelling of the lips, and difficulty breathing immediately after eating an egg. A potential risk for hypersensitivity reaction is posed by vaccination against which of the following illnesses?\nA. Hepatitis\nB. Influenza\nC. Pertussis\nD. Poliomyelitis",
"role": "user"
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on allergy and immunology for help.\n\nBased on the symptoms described, there is a high likelihood that the child had an egg allergy. \n\nVaccines for influenza may be a potential risk for individuals with egg allergies, specifically because the influenza vaccine is grown in chicken eggs.\n\nThe answer is (B).\n\n",
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B
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B
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"content": "The following are multiple choice questions (with answers) about health. Think step by step and then finish your answer with \"the answer is (X)\" where X is the correct letter choice.\nEach reasoning step in your response should end with two line breaks.",
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"content": "Which of the following is the body cavity that contains the pituitary gland?\nA. Ventral\nB. Dorsal\nC. Buccal\nD. Thoracic\nE. Pericardial\nF. Abdominal\nG. Spinal\nH. Pelvic\nI. Pleural\nJ. Cranial",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on anatomy for help.\n\nLet’s solve this problem step by step.\n\nThe pituitary gland is the major endocrine gland attached to the base of the brain, and it is contained in the Cranial cavity.\n\nThe answer is (J).",
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"content": "What is the embryological origin of the hyoid bone?\nA. The third and fourth pharyngeal arches\nB. The fourth pharyngeal arch\nC. The third pharyngeal arch\nD. The second pharyngeal arch\nE. The second, third and fourth pharyngeal arches\nF. The first pharyngeal arch\nG. The second and third pharyngeal arches\nH. The first and third pharyngeal arches\nI. The first, second and third pharyngeal arches\nJ. The first and second pharyngeal arches",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on anatomy for help.\n\nLet’s solve this problem step by step.\n\nThe hyoid bone, which is also known as the hyooid, is a a small U-shaped bone located in the anterior neck.\n\nIn its resting position, it lies between the ase of the mandible and the third cervical vertebrae.\n\nWe know that the second and the third pharyngeal arches give rise to the horns of the hyoid bone; therefore, the embryological origin of the hyoid bone are the second and the third pharyngeal arches—this information is covered in option (G).\n\nTherefore, we conclude that (G) must be the correct answer.\n\nThe answer is (G).",
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"content": "What is the difference between a male and a female catheter?\nA. Female catheters are used more frequently than male catheters.\nB. Male catheters are bigger than female catheters.\nC. Male catheters are more flexible than female catheters.\nD. Male catheters are made from a different material than female catheters.\nE. Female catheters are longer than male catheters.\nF. Male catheters are longer than female catheters.\nG. Female catheters are bigger than male catheters.\nH. Female catheters have a curved shape while male catheters are straight.\nI. Male and female catheters are different colours.\nJ. Male catheters have a smaller diameter than female catheters.",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on clinical knowledge for help.\n\nThe difference between a male and female catheter is that male catheters tend to be longer than female catheters.\n\nThe answer is (F).",
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"content": "How many attempts should you make to cannulate a patient before passing the job on to a senior colleague, according to the medical knowledge of 2020?\nA. 1\nB. Unlimited attempts\nC. 5\nD. 0, always pass on to a senior colleague\nE. 7\nF. 2\nG. 4\nH. 6\nI. 3\nJ. 8",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on clinical knowledge for help.\n\nAccording to the medical protocol as of 2020, you should make two attempts to cannulate a patient before passing the job on to a more-senior practitioner.\n\nThe answer is (F).",
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"content": "Why are parvoviruses a highly impactful parasite?\nA. They are able to alter the host's DNA\nB. Because they have no nucleic acid\nC. They can survive in extreme temperatures\nD. Only replicate in dividing cells\nE. They can infect multiple species\nF. They don't require a host to survive\nG. Can integrate into host chromosomes",
"role": "user"
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on virology for help.\n\nParoviruses are highly impactful because they do not have nucleic acid.\n\nThe answer is (B).",
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"content": "A 13-month-old child is brought to the emergency department because of urticaria, swelling of the lips, and difficulty breathing immediately after eating an egg. A potential risk for hypersensitivity reaction is posed by vaccination against which of the following illnesses?\nA. Hepatitis\nB. Influenza\nC. Pertussis\nD. Poliomyelitis",
"role": "user"
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on immunology for help.\n\nThe child's symptoms, such as urticaria and difficulty breathing after eating an egg, suggest an allergy to egg proteins.\n\nMany vaccines are produced in chicken eggs and therefore contain egg proteins. This poses a risk for individuals with egg allergies.\n\nOne vaccine that is produced in chicken eggs is the inactivated poliovirus vaccine (IPV).\n\nLet’s break down the options and identify the vaccine that would pose a risk.\n\nThe answer is D.",
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[
{
"content": "The following are multiple choice questions (with answers) about health. Think step by step and then finish your answer with \"the answer is (X)\" where X is the correct letter choice.\nEach reasoning step in your response should end with two line breaks.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "Which of the following is the body cavity that contains the pituitary gland?\nA. Ventral\nB. Dorsal\nC. Buccal\nD. Thoracic\nE. Pericardial\nF. Abdominal\nG. Spinal\nH. Pelvic\nI. Pleural\nJ. Cranial",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on anatomy for help.\n\nLet’s solve this problem step by step.\n\nThe pituitary gland is the major endocrine gland attached to the base of the brain, and it is contained in the Cranial cavity.\n\nThe answer is (J).",
"role": "assistant"
},
{
"content": "What is the embryological origin of the hyoid bone?\nA. The third and fourth pharyngeal arches\nB. The fourth pharyngeal arch\nC. The third pharyngeal arch\nD. The second pharyngeal arch\nE. The second, third and fourth pharyngeal arches\nF. The first pharyngeal arch\nG. The second and third pharyngeal arches\nH. The first and third pharyngeal arches\nI. The first, second and third pharyngeal arches\nJ. The first and second pharyngeal arches",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on anatomy for help.\n\nLet’s solve this problem step by step.\n\nThe hyoid bone, which is also known as the hyooid, is a a small U-shaped bone located in the anterior neck.\n\nIn its resting position, it lies between the ase of the mandible and the third cervical vertebrae.\n\nWe know that the second and the third pharyngeal arches give rise to the horns of the hyoid bone; therefore, the embryological origin of the hyoid bone are the second and the third pharyngeal arches—this information is covered in option (G).\n\nTherefore, we conclude that (G) must be the correct answer.\n\nThe answer is (G).",
"role": "assistant"
},
{
"content": "What is the difference between a male and a female catheter?\nA. Female catheters are used more frequently than male catheters.\nB. Male catheters are bigger than female catheters.\nC. Male catheters are more flexible than female catheters.\nD. Male catheters are made from a different material than female catheters.\nE. Female catheters are longer than male catheters.\nF. Male catheters are longer than female catheters.\nG. Female catheters are bigger than male catheters.\nH. Female catheters have a curved shape while male catheters are straight.\nI. Male and female catheters are different colours.\nJ. Male catheters have a smaller diameter than female catheters.",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on clinical knowledge for help.\n\nThe difference between a male and female catheter is that male catheters tend to be longer than female catheters.\n\nThe answer is (F).",
"role": "assistant"
},
{
"content": "How many attempts should you make to cannulate a patient before passing the job on to a senior colleague, according to the medical knowledge of 2020?\nA. 1\nB. Unlimited attempts\nC. 5\nD. 0, always pass on to a senior colleague\nE. 7\nF. 2\nG. 4\nH. 6\nI. 3\nJ. 8",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on clinical knowledge for help.\n\nAccording to the medical protocol as of 2020, you should make two attempts to cannulate a patient before passing the job on to a more-senior practitioner.\n\nThe answer is (F).",
"role": "assistant"
},
{
"content": "Why are parvoviruses a highly impactful parasite?\nA. They are able to alter the host's DNA\nB. Because they have no nucleic acid\nC. They can survive in extreme temperatures\nD. Only replicate in dividing cells\nE. They can infect multiple species\nF. They don't require a host to survive\nG. Can integrate into host chromosomes",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on virology for help.\n\nParoviruses are highly impactful because they do not have nucleic acid.\n\nThe answer is (B).",
"role": "assistant"
},
{
"content": "A 13-month-old child is brought to the emergency department because of urticaria, swelling of the lips, and difficulty breathing immediately after eating an egg. A potential risk for hypersensitivity reaction is posed by vaccination against which of the following illnesses?\nA. Hepatitis\nB. Influenza\nC. Pertussis\nD. Poliomyelitis",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on vaccination and immunology for help.\n\nThe described symptoms are characteristic of anaphylaxis, a severe hypersensitivity reaction, often associated with vaccination against vaccines containing eggs, which poses an allergy risk.\n\nHowever, the question asks about a potential risk of hypersensitivity reaction for vaccination against the specified illnesses. \n\nAmong the options, the potential risk is highest for vaccination against Pertussis (whooping cough) and Hepatitis, however commonly, the Hepatitis B vaccine, is formulated with human albumin and does not contain egg. It is however the combined Hepatitis A and B vaccine and the Influenza vaccines which the egg is a component. \n\nHowever, a vaccine that really poses a risk to those who have egg allergies is the Influenza vaccine as it contains egg protein.\n\nThe answer is (B).",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
B
|
B
| 0.980281
| true
|
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{
"content": "The following are multiple choice questions (with answers) about health. Think step by step and then finish your answer with \"the answer is (X)\" where X is the correct letter choice.\nEach reasoning step in your response should end with two line breaks.",
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"content": "Which of the following is the body cavity that contains the pituitary gland?\nA. Ventral\nB. Dorsal\nC. Buccal\nD. Thoracic\nE. Pericardial\nF. Abdominal\nG. Spinal\nH. Pelvic\nI. Pleural\nJ. Cranial",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on anatomy for help.\n\nLet’s solve this problem step by step.\n\nThe pituitary gland is the major endocrine gland attached to the base of the brain, and it is contained in the Cranial cavity.\n\nThe answer is (J).",
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"content": "What is the embryological origin of the hyoid bone?\nA. The third and fourth pharyngeal arches\nB. The fourth pharyngeal arch\nC. The third pharyngeal arch\nD. The second pharyngeal arch\nE. The second, third and fourth pharyngeal arches\nF. The first pharyngeal arch\nG. The second and third pharyngeal arches\nH. The first and third pharyngeal arches\nI. The first, second and third pharyngeal arches\nJ. The first and second pharyngeal arches",
"role": "user"
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on anatomy for help.\n\nLet’s solve this problem step by step.\n\nThe hyoid bone, which is also known as the hyooid, is a a small U-shaped bone located in the anterior neck.\n\nIn its resting position, it lies between the ase of the mandible and the third cervical vertebrae.\n\nWe know that the second and the third pharyngeal arches give rise to the horns of the hyoid bone; therefore, the embryological origin of the hyoid bone are the second and the third pharyngeal arches—this information is covered in option (G).\n\nTherefore, we conclude that (G) must be the correct answer.\n\nThe answer is (G).",
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"content": "What is the difference between a male and a female catheter?\nA. Female catheters are used more frequently than male catheters.\nB. Male catheters are bigger than female catheters.\nC. Male catheters are more flexible than female catheters.\nD. Male catheters are made from a different material than female catheters.\nE. Female catheters are longer than male catheters.\nF. Male catheters are longer than female catheters.\nG. Female catheters are bigger than male catheters.\nH. Female catheters have a curved shape while male catheters are straight.\nI. Male and female catheters are different colours.\nJ. Male catheters have a smaller diameter than female catheters.",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on clinical knowledge for help.\n\nThe difference between a male and female catheter is that male catheters tend to be longer than female catheters.\n\nThe answer is (F).",
"role": "assistant"
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"content": "How many attempts should you make to cannulate a patient before passing the job on to a senior colleague, according to the medical knowledge of 2020?\nA. 1\nB. Unlimited attempts\nC. 5\nD. 0, always pass on to a senior colleague\nE. 7\nF. 2\nG. 4\nH. 6\nI. 3\nJ. 8",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on clinical knowledge for help.\n\nAccording to the medical protocol as of 2020, you should make two attempts to cannulate a patient before passing the job on to a more-senior practitioner.\n\nThe answer is (F).",
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"content": "Why are parvoviruses a highly impactful parasite?\nA. They are able to alter the host's DNA\nB. Because they have no nucleic acid\nC. They can survive in extreme temperatures\nD. Only replicate in dividing cells\nE. They can infect multiple species\nF. They don't require a host to survive\nG. Can integrate into host chromosomes",
"role": "user"
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on virology for help.\n\nParoviruses are highly impactful because they do not have nucleic acid.\n\nThe answer is (B).",
"role": "assistant"
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"content": "A 13-month-old child is brought to the emergency department because of urticaria, swelling of the lips, and difficulty breathing immediately after eating an egg. A potential risk for hypersensitivity reaction is posed by vaccination against which of the following illnesses?\nA. Hepatitis\nB. Influenza\nC. Pertussis\nD. Poliomyelitis",
"role": "user"
},
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on immunology and allergy for help.\n\nHypersensitivity reactions can occur with various vaccines, but a notable reaction to egg (ovalbumin) is associated with the influenza vaccine.\n\nThis is because the influenza vaccine, especially the traditional whole-virus or split-virus inactivated vaccine (TIV) is grown in chicken eggs; this makes it a potential trigger for anaphylaxis. However, this is less common in recent times with the introduction of egg-free vaccines.\n\nThe answer is (B).\n\n",
"role": "assistant"
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B
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B
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{
"content": "The following are multiple choice questions (with answers) about health. Think step by step and then finish your answer with \"the answer is (X)\" where X is the correct letter choice.\nEach reasoning step in your response should end with two line breaks.",
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"content": "Which of the following is the body cavity that contains the pituitary gland?\nA. Ventral\nB. Dorsal\nC. Buccal\nD. Thoracic\nE. Pericardial\nF. Abdominal\nG. Spinal\nH. Pelvic\nI. Pleural\nJ. Cranial",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on anatomy for help.\n\nLet’s solve this problem step by step.\n\nThe pituitary gland is the major endocrine gland attached to the base of the brain, and it is contained in the Cranial cavity.\n\nThe answer is (J).",
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"content": "What is the embryological origin of the hyoid bone?\nA. The third and fourth pharyngeal arches\nB. The fourth pharyngeal arch\nC. The third pharyngeal arch\nD. The second pharyngeal arch\nE. The second, third and fourth pharyngeal arches\nF. The first pharyngeal arch\nG. The second and third pharyngeal arches\nH. The first and third pharyngeal arches\nI. The first, second and third pharyngeal arches\nJ. The first and second pharyngeal arches",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on anatomy for help.\n\nLet’s solve this problem step by step.\n\nThe hyoid bone, which is also known as the hyooid, is a a small U-shaped bone located in the anterior neck.\n\nIn its resting position, it lies between the ase of the mandible and the third cervical vertebrae.\n\nWe know that the second and the third pharyngeal arches give rise to the horns of the hyoid bone; therefore, the embryological origin of the hyoid bone are the second and the third pharyngeal arches—this information is covered in option (G).\n\nTherefore, we conclude that (G) must be the correct answer.\n\nThe answer is (G).",
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"content": "What is the difference between a male and a female catheter?\nA. Female catheters are used more frequently than male catheters.\nB. Male catheters are bigger than female catheters.\nC. Male catheters are more flexible than female catheters.\nD. Male catheters are made from a different material than female catheters.\nE. Female catheters are longer than male catheters.\nF. Male catheters are longer than female catheters.\nG. Female catheters are bigger than male catheters.\nH. Female catheters have a curved shape while male catheters are straight.\nI. Male and female catheters are different colours.\nJ. Male catheters have a smaller diameter than female catheters.",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on clinical knowledge for help.\n\nThe difference between a male and female catheter is that male catheters tend to be longer than female catheters.\n\nThe answer is (F).",
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"content": "How many attempts should you make to cannulate a patient before passing the job on to a senior colleague, according to the medical knowledge of 2020?\nA. 1\nB. Unlimited attempts\nC. 5\nD. 0, always pass on to a senior colleague\nE. 7\nF. 2\nG. 4\nH. 6\nI. 3\nJ. 8",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on clinical knowledge for help.\n\nAccording to the medical protocol as of 2020, you should make two attempts to cannulate a patient before passing the job on to a more-senior practitioner.\n\nThe answer is (F).",
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"content": "Why are parvoviruses a highly impactful parasite?\nA. They are able to alter the host's DNA\nB. Because they have no nucleic acid\nC. They can survive in extreme temperatures\nD. Only replicate in dividing cells\nE. They can infect multiple species\nF. They don't require a host to survive\nG. Can integrate into host chromosomes",
"role": "user"
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on virology for help.\n\nParoviruses are highly impactful because they do not have nucleic acid.\n\nThe answer is (B).",
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"content": "A 13-month-old child is brought to the emergency department because of urticaria, swelling of the lips, and difficulty breathing immediately after eating an egg. A potential risk for hypersensitivity reaction is posed by vaccination against which of the following illnesses?\nA. Hepatitis\nB. Influenza\nC. Pertussis\nD. Poliomyelitis",
"role": "user"
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on allergy and immunology for help.\n\nIn this scenario, the child exhibits signs of an allergic reaction to eggs, which is commonly associated with egg allergy. The history of a reaction to eggs raises concerns about the child's potential hypersensitivity to egg-containing vaccines.\n\nThe MMR (measles, mumps, and rubella) vaccine is often grown in chick embryo cell cultures and may contain trace amounts of egg protein, but the DTaP (diphtheria, tetanus, and pertussis) and Hib (Haemophilus influenzae type b) vaccines can contain more significant amounts of egg protein in the manufacturing process.\n\nHowever, the vaccine that poses the greatest risk of hypersensitivity reaction due to egg allergy is the influenza vaccine, which is often grown in chicken egg cultures, so there is a potential for more people with an egg allergy to have an allergic reaction to the vaccine.\n\nThe answer is (B).\n\n",
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{
"content": "The following are multiple choice questions (with answers) about health. Think step by step and then finish your answer with \"the answer is (X)\" where X is the correct letter choice.\nEach reasoning step in your response should end with two line breaks.",
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"content": "Which of the following is the body cavity that contains the pituitary gland?\nA. Ventral\nB. Dorsal\nC. Buccal\nD. Thoracic\nE. Pericardial\nF. Abdominal\nG. Spinal\nH. Pelvic\nI. Pleural\nJ. Cranial",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on anatomy for help.\n\nLet’s solve this problem step by step.\n\nThe pituitary gland is the major endocrine gland attached to the base of the brain, and it is contained in the Cranial cavity.\n\nThe answer is (J).",
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"content": "What is the embryological origin of the hyoid bone?\nA. The third and fourth pharyngeal arches\nB. The fourth pharyngeal arch\nC. The third pharyngeal arch\nD. The second pharyngeal arch\nE. The second, third and fourth pharyngeal arches\nF. The first pharyngeal arch\nG. The second and third pharyngeal arches\nH. The first and third pharyngeal arches\nI. The first, second and third pharyngeal arches\nJ. The first and second pharyngeal arches",
"role": "user"
},
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on anatomy for help.\n\nLet’s solve this problem step by step.\n\nThe hyoid bone, which is also known as the hyooid, is a a small U-shaped bone located in the anterior neck.\n\nIn its resting position, it lies between the ase of the mandible and the third cervical vertebrae.\n\nWe know that the second and the third pharyngeal arches give rise to the horns of the hyoid bone; therefore, the embryological origin of the hyoid bone are the second and the third pharyngeal arches—this information is covered in option (G).\n\nTherefore, we conclude that (G) must be the correct answer.\n\nThe answer is (G).",
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"content": "What is the difference between a male and a female catheter?\nA. Female catheters are used more frequently than male catheters.\nB. Male catheters are bigger than female catheters.\nC. Male catheters are more flexible than female catheters.\nD. Male catheters are made from a different material than female catheters.\nE. Female catheters are longer than male catheters.\nF. Male catheters are longer than female catheters.\nG. Female catheters are bigger than male catheters.\nH. Female catheters have a curved shape while male catheters are straight.\nI. Male and female catheters are different colours.\nJ. Male catheters have a smaller diameter than female catheters.",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on clinical knowledge for help.\n\nThe difference between a male and female catheter is that male catheters tend to be longer than female catheters.\n\nThe answer is (F).",
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"content": "How many attempts should you make to cannulate a patient before passing the job on to a senior colleague, according to the medical knowledge of 2020?\nA. 1\nB. Unlimited attempts\nC. 5\nD. 0, always pass on to a senior colleague\nE. 7\nF. 2\nG. 4\nH. 6\nI. 3\nJ. 8",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on clinical knowledge for help.\n\nAccording to the medical protocol as of 2020, you should make two attempts to cannulate a patient before passing the job on to a more-senior practitioner.\n\nThe answer is (F).",
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},
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"content": "Why are parvoviruses a highly impactful parasite?\nA. They are able to alter the host's DNA\nB. Because they have no nucleic acid\nC. They can survive in extreme temperatures\nD. Only replicate in dividing cells\nE. They can infect multiple species\nF. They don't require a host to survive\nG. Can integrate into host chromosomes",
"role": "user"
},
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on virology for help.\n\nParoviruses are highly impactful because they do not have nucleic acid.\n\nThe answer is (B).",
"role": "assistant"
},
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"content": "A 13-month-old child is brought to the emergency department because of urticaria, swelling of the lips, and difficulty breathing immediately after eating an egg. A potential risk for hypersensitivity reaction is posed by vaccination against which of the following illnesses?\nA. Hepatitis\nB. Influenza\nC. Pertussis\nD. Poliomyelitis",
"role": "user"
},
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on allergy and vaccine knowledge for help.\n\nThe child in this scenario has symptoms of anaphylaxis, a severe hypersensitivity reaction.\n\nOne of the potential vaccine-related hypersensitivity reactions is anaphylaxis to egg, which can occur in people who have egg allergy.\n\nThis reaction is most likely related to the inactivated influenza vaccine, which is grown in chicken eggs. This is why getting a flu vaccine is an important consideration, especially in children with egg allergies; it is recommended that they can still receive the flu vaccine as long as certain precautions are taken.\n\nThe answer is (B).\n\n",
"role": "assistant"
}
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B
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B
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"content": "The following are multiple choice questions (with answers) about health. Think step by step and then finish your answer with \"the answer is (X)\" where X is the correct letter choice.\nEach reasoning step in your response should end with two line breaks.",
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"content": "Which of the following is the body cavity that contains the pituitary gland?\nA. Ventral\nB. Dorsal\nC. Buccal\nD. Thoracic\nE. Pericardial\nF. Abdominal\nG. Spinal\nH. Pelvic\nI. Pleural\nJ. Cranial",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on anatomy for help.\n\nLet’s solve this problem step by step.\n\nThe pituitary gland is the major endocrine gland attached to the base of the brain, and it is contained in the Cranial cavity.\n\nThe answer is (J).",
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"content": "What is the embryological origin of the hyoid bone?\nA. The third and fourth pharyngeal arches\nB. The fourth pharyngeal arch\nC. The third pharyngeal arch\nD. The second pharyngeal arch\nE. The second, third and fourth pharyngeal arches\nF. The first pharyngeal arch\nG. The second and third pharyngeal arches\nH. The first and third pharyngeal arches\nI. The first, second and third pharyngeal arches\nJ. The first and second pharyngeal arches",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on anatomy for help.\n\nLet’s solve this problem step by step.\n\nThe hyoid bone, which is also known as the hyooid, is a a small U-shaped bone located in the anterior neck.\n\nIn its resting position, it lies between the ase of the mandible and the third cervical vertebrae.\n\nWe know that the second and the third pharyngeal arches give rise to the horns of the hyoid bone; therefore, the embryological origin of the hyoid bone are the second and the third pharyngeal arches—this information is covered in option (G).\n\nTherefore, we conclude that (G) must be the correct answer.\n\nThe answer is (G).",
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"content": "What is the difference between a male and a female catheter?\nA. Female catheters are used more frequently than male catheters.\nB. Male catheters are bigger than female catheters.\nC. Male catheters are more flexible than female catheters.\nD. Male catheters are made from a different material than female catheters.\nE. Female catheters are longer than male catheters.\nF. Male catheters are longer than female catheters.\nG. Female catheters are bigger than male catheters.\nH. Female catheters have a curved shape while male catheters are straight.\nI. Male and female catheters are different colours.\nJ. Male catheters have a smaller diameter than female catheters.",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on clinical knowledge for help.\n\nThe difference between a male and female catheter is that male catheters tend to be longer than female catheters.\n\nThe answer is (F).",
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"content": "How many attempts should you make to cannulate a patient before passing the job on to a senior colleague, according to the medical knowledge of 2020?\nA. 1\nB. Unlimited attempts\nC. 5\nD. 0, always pass on to a senior colleague\nE. 7\nF. 2\nG. 4\nH. 6\nI. 3\nJ. 8",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on clinical knowledge for help.\n\nAccording to the medical protocol as of 2020, you should make two attempts to cannulate a patient before passing the job on to a more-senior practitioner.\n\nThe answer is (F).",
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"content": "Why are parvoviruses a highly impactful parasite?\nA. They are able to alter the host's DNA\nB. Because they have no nucleic acid\nC. They can survive in extreme temperatures\nD. Only replicate in dividing cells\nE. They can infect multiple species\nF. They don't require a host to survive\nG. Can integrate into host chromosomes",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on virology for help.\n\nParoviruses are highly impactful because they do not have nucleic acid.\n\nThe answer is (B).",
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"content": "A 13-month-old child is brought to the emergency department because of urticaria, swelling of the lips, and difficulty breathing immediately after eating an egg. A potential risk for hypersensitivity reaction is posed by vaccination against which of the following illnesses?\nA. Hepatitis\nB. Influenza\nC. Pertussis\nD. Poliomyelitis",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on allergy and immunology for help.\n\nThe symptoms described in the question are consistent with anaphylaxis, a severe allergic reaction, which can be caused by various allergens, including foods such as eggs.\n\nThe potential risk for a hypersensitivity reaction is posed by vaccination against tetanus, but there's another tetanus-related vaccine which includes tetanus, diphtheria and pertussis, in this case however it is not the best match.\n\nThe vaccine that includes tetanus, diphtheria and pertussis has a component called diphtheria toxoid, which can cause cross-reactivity with the body's own tissues and cause an allergic reaction in some people.\n\nHowever the best match is the diphtheria toxoid, however this toxoid is included in the vaccination against Pertussis, but also included in vaccines against diphtheria, more specifically, the diphtheria toxoid is likely to be a component of the Pertussis vaccine.\n\nThe answer is (C).",
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{
"content": "The following are multiple choice questions (with answers) about health. Think step by step and then finish your answer with \"the answer is (X)\" where X is the correct letter choice.\nEach reasoning step in your response should end with two line breaks.",
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"content": "Which of the following is the body cavity that contains the pituitary gland?\nA. Ventral\nB. Dorsal\nC. Buccal\nD. Thoracic\nE. Pericardial\nF. Abdominal\nG. Spinal\nH. Pelvic\nI. Pleural\nJ. Cranial",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on anatomy for help.\n\nLet’s solve this problem step by step.\n\nThe pituitary gland is the major endocrine gland attached to the base of the brain, and it is contained in the Cranial cavity.\n\nThe answer is (J).",
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"content": "What is the embryological origin of the hyoid bone?\nA. The third and fourth pharyngeal arches\nB. The fourth pharyngeal arch\nC. The third pharyngeal arch\nD. The second pharyngeal arch\nE. The second, third and fourth pharyngeal arches\nF. The first pharyngeal arch\nG. The second and third pharyngeal arches\nH. The first and third pharyngeal arches\nI. The first, second and third pharyngeal arches\nJ. The first and second pharyngeal arches",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on anatomy for help.\n\nLet’s solve this problem step by step.\n\nThe hyoid bone, which is also known as the hyooid, is a a small U-shaped bone located in the anterior neck.\n\nIn its resting position, it lies between the ase of the mandible and the third cervical vertebrae.\n\nWe know that the second and the third pharyngeal arches give rise to the horns of the hyoid bone; therefore, the embryological origin of the hyoid bone are the second and the third pharyngeal arches—this information is covered in option (G).\n\nTherefore, we conclude that (G) must be the correct answer.\n\nThe answer is (G).",
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"content": "What is the difference between a male and a female catheter?\nA. Female catheters are used more frequently than male catheters.\nB. Male catheters are bigger than female catheters.\nC. Male catheters are more flexible than female catheters.\nD. Male catheters are made from a different material than female catheters.\nE. Female catheters are longer than male catheters.\nF. Male catheters are longer than female catheters.\nG. Female catheters are bigger than male catheters.\nH. Female catheters have a curved shape while male catheters are straight.\nI. Male and female catheters are different colours.\nJ. Male catheters have a smaller diameter than female catheters.",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on clinical knowledge for help.\n\nThe difference between a male and female catheter is that male catheters tend to be longer than female catheters.\n\nThe answer is (F).",
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"content": "How many attempts should you make to cannulate a patient before passing the job on to a senior colleague, according to the medical knowledge of 2020?\nA. 1\nB. Unlimited attempts\nC. 5\nD. 0, always pass on to a senior colleague\nE. 7\nF. 2\nG. 4\nH. 6\nI. 3\nJ. 8",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on clinical knowledge for help.\n\nAccording to the medical protocol as of 2020, you should make two attempts to cannulate a patient before passing the job on to a more-senior practitioner.\n\nThe answer is (F).",
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"content": "Why are parvoviruses a highly impactful parasite?\nA. They are able to alter the host's DNA\nB. Because they have no nucleic acid\nC. They can survive in extreme temperatures\nD. Only replicate in dividing cells\nE. They can infect multiple species\nF. They don't require a host to survive\nG. Can integrate into host chromosomes",
"role": "user"
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on virology for help.\n\nParoviruses are highly impactful because they do not have nucleic acid.\n\nThe answer is (B).",
"role": "assistant"
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"content": "A 13-month-old child is brought to the emergency department because of urticaria, swelling of the lips, and difficulty breathing immediately after eating an egg. A potential risk for hypersensitivity reaction is posed by vaccination against which of the following illnesses?\nA. Hepatitis\nB. Influenza\nC. Pertussis\nD. Poliomyelitis",
"role": "user"
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on allergology for help.\n\nThe child is experiencing a hypersensitivity reaction to an egg, and this might be a risk for certain vaccines that contain eggs.\n\nIn this case, the risks are associated with the influenza vaccine because it is grown on chicken embryos and contains egg proteins.\n\nThe answer is (B).\n\n",
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B
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B
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"content": "The following are multiple choice questions (with answers) about health. Think step by step and then finish your answer with \"the answer is (X)\" where X is the correct letter choice.\nEach reasoning step in your response should end with two line breaks.",
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"content": "Which of the following is the body cavity that contains the pituitary gland?\nA. Ventral\nB. Dorsal\nC. Buccal\nD. Thoracic\nE. Pericardial\nF. Abdominal\nG. Spinal\nH. Pelvic\nI. Pleural\nJ. Cranial",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on anatomy for help.\n\nLet’s solve this problem step by step.\n\nThe pituitary gland is the major endocrine gland attached to the base of the brain, and it is contained in the Cranial cavity.\n\nThe answer is (J).",
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"content": "What is the embryological origin of the hyoid bone?\nA. The third and fourth pharyngeal arches\nB. The fourth pharyngeal arch\nC. The third pharyngeal arch\nD. The second pharyngeal arch\nE. The second, third and fourth pharyngeal arches\nF. The first pharyngeal arch\nG. The second and third pharyngeal arches\nH. The first and third pharyngeal arches\nI. The first, second and third pharyngeal arches\nJ. The first and second pharyngeal arches",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on anatomy for help.\n\nLet’s solve this problem step by step.\n\nThe hyoid bone, which is also known as the hyooid, is a a small U-shaped bone located in the anterior neck.\n\nIn its resting position, it lies between the ase of the mandible and the third cervical vertebrae.\n\nWe know that the second and the third pharyngeal arches give rise to the horns of the hyoid bone; therefore, the embryological origin of the hyoid bone are the second and the third pharyngeal arches—this information is covered in option (G).\n\nTherefore, we conclude that (G) must be the correct answer.\n\nThe answer is (G).",
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"content": "What is the difference between a male and a female catheter?\nA. Female catheters are used more frequently than male catheters.\nB. Male catheters are bigger than female catheters.\nC. Male catheters are more flexible than female catheters.\nD. Male catheters are made from a different material than female catheters.\nE. Female catheters are longer than male catheters.\nF. Male catheters are longer than female catheters.\nG. Female catheters are bigger than male catheters.\nH. Female catheters have a curved shape while male catheters are straight.\nI. Male and female catheters are different colours.\nJ. Male catheters have a smaller diameter than female catheters.",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on clinical knowledge for help.\n\nThe difference between a male and female catheter is that male catheters tend to be longer than female catheters.\n\nThe answer is (F).",
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"content": "How many attempts should you make to cannulate a patient before passing the job on to a senior colleague, according to the medical knowledge of 2020?\nA. 1\nB. Unlimited attempts\nC. 5\nD. 0, always pass on to a senior colleague\nE. 7\nF. 2\nG. 4\nH. 6\nI. 3\nJ. 8",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on clinical knowledge for help.\n\nAccording to the medical protocol as of 2020, you should make two attempts to cannulate a patient before passing the job on to a more-senior practitioner.\n\nThe answer is (F).",
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"content": "Why are parvoviruses a highly impactful parasite?\nA. They are able to alter the host's DNA\nB. Because they have no nucleic acid\nC. They can survive in extreme temperatures\nD. Only replicate in dividing cells\nE. They can infect multiple species\nF. They don't require a host to survive\nG. Can integrate into host chromosomes",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on virology for help.\n\nParoviruses are highly impactful because they do not have nucleic acid.\n\nThe answer is (B).",
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"content": "A 13-month-old child is brought to the emergency department because of urticaria, swelling of the lips, and difficulty breathing immediately after eating an egg. A potential risk for hypersensitivity reaction is posed by vaccination against which of the following illnesses?\nA. Hepatitis\nB. Influenza\nC. Pertussis\nD. Poliomyelitis",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on allergology for help.\n\nThe child is experiencing a hypersensitivity reaction to an egg, and this might be a risk for certain vaccines that contain eggs.\n\nIn this case, the risks are associated with the influenza vaccine because it is grown on chicken embryos and contains egg proteins.\n\nThe answer is (B).\n\n",
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"content": "The following are multiple choice questions (with answers) about health. Think step by step and then finish your answer with \"the answer is (X)\" where X is the correct letter choice.\nEach reasoning step in your response should end with two line breaks.",
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"content": "Which of the following is the body cavity that contains the pituitary gland?\nA. Ventral\nB. Dorsal\nC. Buccal\nD. Thoracic\nE. Pericardial\nF. Abdominal\nG. Spinal\nH. Pelvic\nI. Pleural\nJ. Cranial",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on anatomy for help.\n\nLet’s solve this problem step by step.\n\nThe pituitary gland is the major endocrine gland attached to the base of the brain, and it is contained in the Cranial cavity.\n\nThe answer is (J).",
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"content": "What is the embryological origin of the hyoid bone?\nA. The third and fourth pharyngeal arches\nB. The fourth pharyngeal arch\nC. The third pharyngeal arch\nD. The second pharyngeal arch\nE. The second, third and fourth pharyngeal arches\nF. The first pharyngeal arch\nG. The second and third pharyngeal arches\nH. The first and third pharyngeal arches\nI. The first, second and third pharyngeal arches\nJ. The first and second pharyngeal arches",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on anatomy for help.\n\nLet’s solve this problem step by step.\n\nThe hyoid bone, which is also known as the hyooid, is a a small U-shaped bone located in the anterior neck.\n\nIn its resting position, it lies between the ase of the mandible and the third cervical vertebrae.\n\nWe know that the second and the third pharyngeal arches give rise to the horns of the hyoid bone; therefore, the embryological origin of the hyoid bone are the second and the third pharyngeal arches—this information is covered in option (G).\n\nTherefore, we conclude that (G) must be the correct answer.\n\nThe answer is (G).",
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"content": "What is the difference between a male and a female catheter?\nA. Female catheters are used more frequently than male catheters.\nB. Male catheters are bigger than female catheters.\nC. Male catheters are more flexible than female catheters.\nD. Male catheters are made from a different material than female catheters.\nE. Female catheters are longer than male catheters.\nF. Male catheters are longer than female catheters.\nG. Female catheters are bigger than male catheters.\nH. Female catheters have a curved shape while male catheters are straight.\nI. Male and female catheters are different colours.\nJ. Male catheters have a smaller diameter than female catheters.",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on clinical knowledge for help.\n\nThe difference between a male and female catheter is that male catheters tend to be longer than female catheters.\n\nThe answer is (F).",
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"content": "How many attempts should you make to cannulate a patient before passing the job on to a senior colleague, according to the medical knowledge of 2020?\nA. 1\nB. Unlimited attempts\nC. 5\nD. 0, always pass on to a senior colleague\nE. 7\nF. 2\nG. 4\nH. 6\nI. 3\nJ. 8",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on clinical knowledge for help.\n\nAccording to the medical protocol as of 2020, you should make two attempts to cannulate a patient before passing the job on to a more-senior practitioner.\n\nThe answer is (F).",
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"content": "Why are parvoviruses a highly impactful parasite?\nA. They are able to alter the host's DNA\nB. Because they have no nucleic acid\nC. They can survive in extreme temperatures\nD. Only replicate in dividing cells\nE. They can infect multiple species\nF. They don't require a host to survive\nG. Can integrate into host chromosomes",
"role": "user"
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on virology for help.\n\nParoviruses are highly impactful because they do not have nucleic acid.\n\nThe answer is (B).",
"role": "assistant"
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"content": "A 13-month-old child is brought to the emergency department because of urticaria, swelling of the lips, and difficulty breathing immediately after eating an egg. A potential risk for hypersensitivity reaction is posed by vaccination against which of the following illnesses?\nA. Hepatitis\nB. Influenza\nC. Pertussis\nD. Poliomyelitis",
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},
{
"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on allergy and immunology for help.\n\nThe child is experiencing a hypersensitivity reaction to an egg, which suggests that the child may have an allergy to egg proteins.\n\nEgg contains proteins that are also found in vaccines, particularly in the influenza vaccine.\n\nThis is because the influenza vaccine, which protects against the flu virus, is often grown in eggs during the manufacturing process. As a result, small amounts of egg proteins can be present in the vaccine.\n\nThe answer is (B).\n\n",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
B
|
B
| 0.99657
| true
|
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{
"content": "The following are multiple choice questions (with answers) about health. Think step by step and then finish your answer with \"the answer is (X)\" where X is the correct letter choice.\nEach reasoning step in your response should end with two line breaks.",
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"content": "Which of the following is the body cavity that contains the pituitary gland?\nA. Ventral\nB. Dorsal\nC. Buccal\nD. Thoracic\nE. Pericardial\nF. Abdominal\nG. Spinal\nH. Pelvic\nI. Pleural\nJ. Cranial",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on anatomy for help.\n\nLet’s solve this problem step by step.\n\nThe pituitary gland is the major endocrine gland attached to the base of the brain, and it is contained in the Cranial cavity.\n\nThe answer is (J).",
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"content": "What is the embryological origin of the hyoid bone?\nA. The third and fourth pharyngeal arches\nB. The fourth pharyngeal arch\nC. The third pharyngeal arch\nD. The second pharyngeal arch\nE. The second, third and fourth pharyngeal arches\nF. The first pharyngeal arch\nG. The second and third pharyngeal arches\nH. The first and third pharyngeal arches\nI. The first, second and third pharyngeal arches\nJ. The first and second pharyngeal arches",
"role": "user"
},
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on anatomy for help.\n\nLet’s solve this problem step by step.\n\nThe hyoid bone, which is also known as the hyooid, is a a small U-shaped bone located in the anterior neck.\n\nIn its resting position, it lies between the ase of the mandible and the third cervical vertebrae.\n\nWe know that the second and the third pharyngeal arches give rise to the horns of the hyoid bone; therefore, the embryological origin of the hyoid bone are the second and the third pharyngeal arches—this information is covered in option (G).\n\nTherefore, we conclude that (G) must be the correct answer.\n\nThe answer is (G).",
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"content": "What is the difference between a male and a female catheter?\nA. Female catheters are used more frequently than male catheters.\nB. Male catheters are bigger than female catheters.\nC. Male catheters are more flexible than female catheters.\nD. Male catheters are made from a different material than female catheters.\nE. Female catheters are longer than male catheters.\nF. Male catheters are longer than female catheters.\nG. Female catheters are bigger than male catheters.\nH. Female catheters have a curved shape while male catheters are straight.\nI. Male and female catheters are different colours.\nJ. Male catheters have a smaller diameter than female catheters.",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on clinical knowledge for help.\n\nThe difference between a male and female catheter is that male catheters tend to be longer than female catheters.\n\nThe answer is (F).",
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"content": "How many attempts should you make to cannulate a patient before passing the job on to a senior colleague, according to the medical knowledge of 2020?\nA. 1\nB. Unlimited attempts\nC. 5\nD. 0, always pass on to a senior colleague\nE. 7\nF. 2\nG. 4\nH. 6\nI. 3\nJ. 8",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on clinical knowledge for help.\n\nAccording to the medical protocol as of 2020, you should make two attempts to cannulate a patient before passing the job on to a more-senior practitioner.\n\nThe answer is (F).",
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"content": "Why are parvoviruses a highly impactful parasite?\nA. They are able to alter the host's DNA\nB. Because they have no nucleic acid\nC. They can survive in extreme temperatures\nD. Only replicate in dividing cells\nE. They can infect multiple species\nF. They don't require a host to survive\nG. Can integrate into host chromosomes",
"role": "user"
},
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on virology for help.\n\nParoviruses are highly impactful because they do not have nucleic acid.\n\nThe answer is (B).",
"role": "assistant"
},
{
"content": "A 13-month-old child is brought to the emergency department because of urticaria, swelling of the lips, and difficulty breathing immediately after eating an egg. A potential risk for hypersensitivity reaction is posed by vaccination against which of the following illnesses?\nA. Hepatitis\nB. Influenza\nC. Pertussis\nD. Poliomyelitis",
"role": "user"
},
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on vaccination and immunology for help.\n\nThe described symptoms are characteristic of anaphylaxis, a severe hypersensitivity reaction, often associated with vaccination against vaccines containing eggs, which poses an allergy risk.\n\nHowever, the question asks about a potential risk of hypersensitivity reaction for vaccination against the specified illnesses. \n\nAmong the options, the potential risk is highest for vaccination against Pertussis (whooping cough) and Hepatitis, however commonly, the Hepatitis B vaccine, is formulated with human albumin and does not contain egg. It is however the combined Hepatitis A and B vaccine and the Influenza vaccines which the egg is a component. \n\nHowever, a vaccine that really poses a risk to those who have egg allergies is the Influenza vaccine as it contains egg protein.\n\nThe answer is (B).",
"role": "assistant"
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] |
B
|
B
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{
"content": "The following are multiple choice questions (with answers) about health. Think step by step and then finish your answer with \"the answer is (X)\" where X is the correct letter choice.\nEach reasoning step in your response should end with two line breaks.",
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"content": "Which of the following is the body cavity that contains the pituitary gland?\nA. Ventral\nB. Dorsal\nC. Buccal\nD. Thoracic\nE. Pericardial\nF. Abdominal\nG. Spinal\nH. Pelvic\nI. Pleural\nJ. Cranial",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on anatomy for help.\n\nLet’s solve this problem step by step.\n\nThe pituitary gland is the major endocrine gland attached to the base of the brain, and it is contained in the Cranial cavity.\n\nThe answer is (J).",
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"content": "What is the embryological origin of the hyoid bone?\nA. The third and fourth pharyngeal arches\nB. The fourth pharyngeal arch\nC. The third pharyngeal arch\nD. The second pharyngeal arch\nE. The second, third and fourth pharyngeal arches\nF. The first pharyngeal arch\nG. The second and third pharyngeal arches\nH. The first and third pharyngeal arches\nI. The first, second and third pharyngeal arches\nJ. The first and second pharyngeal arches",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on anatomy for help.\n\nLet’s solve this problem step by step.\n\nThe hyoid bone, which is also known as the hyooid, is a a small U-shaped bone located in the anterior neck.\n\nIn its resting position, it lies between the ase of the mandible and the third cervical vertebrae.\n\nWe know that the second and the third pharyngeal arches give rise to the horns of the hyoid bone; therefore, the embryological origin of the hyoid bone are the second and the third pharyngeal arches—this information is covered in option (G).\n\nTherefore, we conclude that (G) must be the correct answer.\n\nThe answer is (G).",
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"content": "What is the difference between a male and a female catheter?\nA. Female catheters are used more frequently than male catheters.\nB. Male catheters are bigger than female catheters.\nC. Male catheters are more flexible than female catheters.\nD. Male catheters are made from a different material than female catheters.\nE. Female catheters are longer than male catheters.\nF. Male catheters are longer than female catheters.\nG. Female catheters are bigger than male catheters.\nH. Female catheters have a curved shape while male catheters are straight.\nI. Male and female catheters are different colours.\nJ. Male catheters have a smaller diameter than female catheters.",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on clinical knowledge for help.\n\nThe difference between a male and female catheter is that male catheters tend to be longer than female catheters.\n\nThe answer is (F).",
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"content": "How many attempts should you make to cannulate a patient before passing the job on to a senior colleague, according to the medical knowledge of 2020?\nA. 1\nB. Unlimited attempts\nC. 5\nD. 0, always pass on to a senior colleague\nE. 7\nF. 2\nG. 4\nH. 6\nI. 3\nJ. 8",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on clinical knowledge for help.\n\nAccording to the medical protocol as of 2020, you should make two attempts to cannulate a patient before passing the job on to a more-senior practitioner.\n\nThe answer is (F).",
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"content": "Why are parvoviruses a highly impactful parasite?\nA. They are able to alter the host's DNA\nB. Because they have no nucleic acid\nC. They can survive in extreme temperatures\nD. Only replicate in dividing cells\nE. They can infect multiple species\nF. They don't require a host to survive\nG. Can integrate into host chromosomes",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on virology for help.\n\nParoviruses are highly impactful because they do not have nucleic acid.\n\nThe answer is (B).",
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"content": "A 13-month-old child is brought to the emergency department because of urticaria, swelling of the lips, and difficulty breathing immediately after eating an egg. A potential risk for hypersensitivity reaction is posed by vaccination against which of the following illnesses?\nA. Hepatitis\nB. Influenza\nC. Pertussis\nD. Poliomyelitis",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on immunology for help.\n\nThe child in question has a hypersensitivity reaction, most likely anaphylaxis, to egg, which is a common component in certain vaccines.\n\nThe chickenpox vaccine and the MMR (measles, mumps, and rubella) vaccine do not contain eggs, however, the flu vaccine and the yellow fever vaccine, and most pertussis vaccines contain egg products.\n\nHowever, the disease which carries a particular risk for hypersensitivity reaction is measles and mumps vaccine, however the correct answer is not measles or mumps. \n\n",
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{
"content": "The following are multiple choice questions (with answers) about health. Think step by step and then finish your answer with \"the answer is (X)\" where X is the correct letter choice.\nEach reasoning step in your response should end with two line breaks.",
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"content": "Which of the following is the body cavity that contains the pituitary gland?\nA. Ventral\nB. Dorsal\nC. Buccal\nD. Thoracic\nE. Pericardial\nF. Abdominal\nG. Spinal\nH. Pelvic\nI. Pleural\nJ. Cranial",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on anatomy for help.\n\nLet’s solve this problem step by step.\n\nThe pituitary gland is the major endocrine gland attached to the base of the brain, and it is contained in the Cranial cavity.\n\nThe answer is (J).",
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"content": "What is the embryological origin of the hyoid bone?\nA. The third and fourth pharyngeal arches\nB. The fourth pharyngeal arch\nC. The third pharyngeal arch\nD. The second pharyngeal arch\nE. The second, third and fourth pharyngeal arches\nF. The first pharyngeal arch\nG. The second and third pharyngeal arches\nH. The first and third pharyngeal arches\nI. The first, second and third pharyngeal arches\nJ. The first and second pharyngeal arches",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on anatomy for help.\n\nLet’s solve this problem step by step.\n\nThe hyoid bone, which is also known as the hyooid, is a a small U-shaped bone located in the anterior neck.\n\nIn its resting position, it lies between the ase of the mandible and the third cervical vertebrae.\n\nWe know that the second and the third pharyngeal arches give rise to the horns of the hyoid bone; therefore, the embryological origin of the hyoid bone are the second and the third pharyngeal arches—this information is covered in option (G).\n\nTherefore, we conclude that (G) must be the correct answer.\n\nThe answer is (G).",
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"content": "What is the difference between a male and a female catheter?\nA. Female catheters are used more frequently than male catheters.\nB. Male catheters are bigger than female catheters.\nC. Male catheters are more flexible than female catheters.\nD. Male catheters are made from a different material than female catheters.\nE. Female catheters are longer than male catheters.\nF. Male catheters are longer than female catheters.\nG. Female catheters are bigger than male catheters.\nH. Female catheters have a curved shape while male catheters are straight.\nI. Male and female catheters are different colours.\nJ. Male catheters have a smaller diameter than female catheters.",
"role": "user"
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on clinical knowledge for help.\n\nThe difference between a male and female catheter is that male catheters tend to be longer than female catheters.\n\nThe answer is (F).",
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"content": "How many attempts should you make to cannulate a patient before passing the job on to a senior colleague, according to the medical knowledge of 2020?\nA. 1\nB. Unlimited attempts\nC. 5\nD. 0, always pass on to a senior colleague\nE. 7\nF. 2\nG. 4\nH. 6\nI. 3\nJ. 8",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on clinical knowledge for help.\n\nAccording to the medical protocol as of 2020, you should make two attempts to cannulate a patient before passing the job on to a more-senior practitioner.\n\nThe answer is (F).",
"role": "assistant"
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"content": "Why are parvoviruses a highly impactful parasite?\nA. They are able to alter the host's DNA\nB. Because they have no nucleic acid\nC. They can survive in extreme temperatures\nD. Only replicate in dividing cells\nE. They can infect multiple species\nF. They don't require a host to survive\nG. Can integrate into host chromosomes",
"role": "user"
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on virology for help.\n\nParoviruses are highly impactful because they do not have nucleic acid.\n\nThe answer is (B).",
"role": "assistant"
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"content": "A 13-month-old child is brought to the emergency department because of urticaria, swelling of the lips, and difficulty breathing immediately after eating an egg. A potential risk for hypersensitivity reaction is posed by vaccination against which of the following illnesses?\nA. Hepatitis\nB. Influenza\nC. Pertussis\nD. Poliomyelitis",
"role": "user"
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on allergy and immunology for help.\n\nBased on the symptoms described, there is a high likelihood that the child had an egg allergy. \n\nVaccines for influenza may be a potential risk for individuals with egg allergies, specifically because the influenza vaccine is grown in chicken eggs.\n\nThe answer is (B).\n\n",
"role": "assistant"
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B
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B
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{
"content": "The following are multiple choice questions (with answers) about health. Think step by step and then finish your answer with \"the answer is (X)\" where X is the correct letter choice.\nEach reasoning step in your response should end with two line breaks.",
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"content": "Which of the following is the body cavity that contains the pituitary gland?\nA. Ventral\nB. Dorsal\nC. Buccal\nD. Thoracic\nE. Pericardial\nF. Abdominal\nG. Spinal\nH. Pelvic\nI. Pleural\nJ. Cranial",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on anatomy for help.\n\nLet’s solve this problem step by step.\n\nThe pituitary gland is the major endocrine gland attached to the base of the brain, and it is contained in the Cranial cavity.\n\nThe answer is (J).",
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"content": "What is the embryological origin of the hyoid bone?\nA. The third and fourth pharyngeal arches\nB. The fourth pharyngeal arch\nC. The third pharyngeal arch\nD. The second pharyngeal arch\nE. The second, third and fourth pharyngeal arches\nF. The first pharyngeal arch\nG. The second and third pharyngeal arches\nH. The first and third pharyngeal arches\nI. The first, second and third pharyngeal arches\nJ. The first and second pharyngeal arches",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on anatomy for help.\n\nLet’s solve this problem step by step.\n\nThe hyoid bone, which is also known as the hyooid, is a a small U-shaped bone located in the anterior neck.\n\nIn its resting position, it lies between the ase of the mandible and the third cervical vertebrae.\n\nWe know that the second and the third pharyngeal arches give rise to the horns of the hyoid bone; therefore, the embryological origin of the hyoid bone are the second and the third pharyngeal arches—this information is covered in option (G).\n\nTherefore, we conclude that (G) must be the correct answer.\n\nThe answer is (G).",
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"content": "What is the difference between a male and a female catheter?\nA. Female catheters are used more frequently than male catheters.\nB. Male catheters are bigger than female catheters.\nC. Male catheters are more flexible than female catheters.\nD. Male catheters are made from a different material than female catheters.\nE. Female catheters are longer than male catheters.\nF. Male catheters are longer than female catheters.\nG. Female catheters are bigger than male catheters.\nH. Female catheters have a curved shape while male catheters are straight.\nI. Male and female catheters are different colours.\nJ. Male catheters have a smaller diameter than female catheters.",
"role": "user"
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on clinical knowledge for help.\n\nThe difference between a male and female catheter is that male catheters tend to be longer than female catheters.\n\nThe answer is (F).",
"role": "assistant"
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"content": "How many attempts should you make to cannulate a patient before passing the job on to a senior colleague, according to the medical knowledge of 2020?\nA. 1\nB. Unlimited attempts\nC. 5\nD. 0, always pass on to a senior colleague\nE. 7\nF. 2\nG. 4\nH. 6\nI. 3\nJ. 8",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on clinical knowledge for help.\n\nAccording to the medical protocol as of 2020, you should make two attempts to cannulate a patient before passing the job on to a more-senior practitioner.\n\nThe answer is (F).",
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"content": "Why are parvoviruses a highly impactful parasite?\nA. They are able to alter the host's DNA\nB. Because they have no nucleic acid\nC. They can survive in extreme temperatures\nD. Only replicate in dividing cells\nE. They can infect multiple species\nF. They don't require a host to survive\nG. Can integrate into host chromosomes",
"role": "user"
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on virology for help.\n\nParoviruses are highly impactful because they do not have nucleic acid.\n\nThe answer is (B).",
"role": "assistant"
},
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"content": "A 13-month-old child is brought to the emergency department because of urticaria, swelling of the lips, and difficulty breathing immediately after eating an egg. A potential risk for hypersensitivity reaction is posed by vaccination against which of the following illnesses?\nA. Hepatitis\nB. Influenza\nC. Pertussis\nD. Poliomyelitis",
"role": "user"
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on allergy and immunology for help.\n\nThe child is experiencing a hypersensitivity reaction to an egg, which suggests that the child may have an allergy to egg proteins.\n\nEgg contains proteins that are also found in vaccines, particularly in the influenza vaccine.\n\nThis is because the influenza vaccine, which protects against the flu virus, is often grown in eggs during the manufacturing process. As a result, small amounts of egg proteins can be present in the vaccine.\n\nThe answer is (B).\n\n",
"role": "assistant"
}
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B
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B
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"content": "The following are multiple choice questions (with answers) about health. Think step by step and then finish your answer with \"the answer is (X)\" where X is the correct letter choice.\nEach reasoning step in your response should end with two line breaks.",
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"content": "Which of the following is the body cavity that contains the pituitary gland?\nA. Ventral\nB. Dorsal\nC. Buccal\nD. Thoracic\nE. Pericardial\nF. Abdominal\nG. Spinal\nH. Pelvic\nI. Pleural\nJ. Cranial",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on anatomy for help.\n\nLet’s solve this problem step by step.\n\nThe pituitary gland is the major endocrine gland attached to the base of the brain, and it is contained in the Cranial cavity.\n\nThe answer is (J).",
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"content": "What is the embryological origin of the hyoid bone?\nA. The third and fourth pharyngeal arches\nB. The fourth pharyngeal arch\nC. The third pharyngeal arch\nD. The second pharyngeal arch\nE. The second, third and fourth pharyngeal arches\nF. The first pharyngeal arch\nG. The second and third pharyngeal arches\nH. The first and third pharyngeal arches\nI. The first, second and third pharyngeal arches\nJ. The first and second pharyngeal arches",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on anatomy for help.\n\nLet’s solve this problem step by step.\n\nThe hyoid bone, which is also known as the hyooid, is a a small U-shaped bone located in the anterior neck.\n\nIn its resting position, it lies between the ase of the mandible and the third cervical vertebrae.\n\nWe know that the second and the third pharyngeal arches give rise to the horns of the hyoid bone; therefore, the embryological origin of the hyoid bone are the second and the third pharyngeal arches—this information is covered in option (G).\n\nTherefore, we conclude that (G) must be the correct answer.\n\nThe answer is (G).",
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"content": "What is the difference between a male and a female catheter?\nA. Female catheters are used more frequently than male catheters.\nB. Male catheters are bigger than female catheters.\nC. Male catheters are more flexible than female catheters.\nD. Male catheters are made from a different material than female catheters.\nE. Female catheters are longer than male catheters.\nF. Male catheters are longer than female catheters.\nG. Female catheters are bigger than male catheters.\nH. Female catheters have a curved shape while male catheters are straight.\nI. Male and female catheters are different colours.\nJ. Male catheters have a smaller diameter than female catheters.",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on clinical knowledge for help.\n\nThe difference between a male and female catheter is that male catheters tend to be longer than female catheters.\n\nThe answer is (F).",
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"content": "How many attempts should you make to cannulate a patient before passing the job on to a senior colleague, according to the medical knowledge of 2020?\nA. 1\nB. Unlimited attempts\nC. 5\nD. 0, always pass on to a senior colleague\nE. 7\nF. 2\nG. 4\nH. 6\nI. 3\nJ. 8",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on clinical knowledge for help.\n\nAccording to the medical protocol as of 2020, you should make two attempts to cannulate a patient before passing the job on to a more-senior practitioner.\n\nThe answer is (F).",
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"content": "Why are parvoviruses a highly impactful parasite?\nA. They are able to alter the host's DNA\nB. Because they have no nucleic acid\nC. They can survive in extreme temperatures\nD. Only replicate in dividing cells\nE. They can infect multiple species\nF. They don't require a host to survive\nG. Can integrate into host chromosomes",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on virology for help.\n\nParoviruses are highly impactful because they do not have nucleic acid.\n\nThe answer is (B).",
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"content": "A 13-month-old child is brought to the emergency department because of urticaria, swelling of the lips, and difficulty breathing immediately after eating an egg. A potential risk for hypersensitivity reaction is posed by vaccination against which of the following illnesses?\nA. Hepatitis\nB. Influenza\nC. Pertussis\nD. Poliomyelitis",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on immunology for help.\n\nIn this scenario, the child likely has an egg allergy, and the concern is that vaccines made in chicken eggs could pose a risk for an allergic reaction due to the egg components.\n\nVaccines that are known to pose a risk for an egg allergy are the influenza vaccine, made by growing the virus in chicken eggs.\n\nThe answer is (B).\n\n",
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"content": "The following are multiple choice questions (with answers) about health. Think step by step and then finish your answer with \"the answer is (X)\" where X is the correct letter choice.\nEach reasoning step in your response should end with two line breaks.",
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"content": "Which of the following is the body cavity that contains the pituitary gland?\nA. Ventral\nB. Dorsal\nC. Buccal\nD. Thoracic\nE. Pericardial\nF. Abdominal\nG. Spinal\nH. Pelvic\nI. Pleural\nJ. Cranial",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on anatomy for help.\n\nLet’s solve this problem step by step.\n\nThe pituitary gland is the major endocrine gland attached to the base of the brain, and it is contained in the Cranial cavity.\n\nThe answer is (J).",
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"content": "What is the embryological origin of the hyoid bone?\nA. The third and fourth pharyngeal arches\nB. The fourth pharyngeal arch\nC. The third pharyngeal arch\nD. The second pharyngeal arch\nE. The second, third and fourth pharyngeal arches\nF. The first pharyngeal arch\nG. The second and third pharyngeal arches\nH. The first and third pharyngeal arches\nI. The first, second and third pharyngeal arches\nJ. The first and second pharyngeal arches",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on anatomy for help.\n\nLet’s solve this problem step by step.\n\nThe hyoid bone, which is also known as the hyooid, is a a small U-shaped bone located in the anterior neck.\n\nIn its resting position, it lies between the ase of the mandible and the third cervical vertebrae.\n\nWe know that the second and the third pharyngeal arches give rise to the horns of the hyoid bone; therefore, the embryological origin of the hyoid bone are the second and the third pharyngeal arches—this information is covered in option (G).\n\nTherefore, we conclude that (G) must be the correct answer.\n\nThe answer is (G).",
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"content": "What is the difference between a male and a female catheter?\nA. Female catheters are used more frequently than male catheters.\nB. Male catheters are bigger than female catheters.\nC. Male catheters are more flexible than female catheters.\nD. Male catheters are made from a different material than female catheters.\nE. Female catheters are longer than male catheters.\nF. Male catheters are longer than female catheters.\nG. Female catheters are bigger than male catheters.\nH. Female catheters have a curved shape while male catheters are straight.\nI. Male and female catheters are different colours.\nJ. Male catheters have a smaller diameter than female catheters.",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on clinical knowledge for help.\n\nThe difference between a male and female catheter is that male catheters tend to be longer than female catheters.\n\nThe answer is (F).",
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"content": "How many attempts should you make to cannulate a patient before passing the job on to a senior colleague, according to the medical knowledge of 2020?\nA. 1\nB. Unlimited attempts\nC. 5\nD. 0, always pass on to a senior colleague\nE. 7\nF. 2\nG. 4\nH. 6\nI. 3\nJ. 8",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on clinical knowledge for help.\n\nAccording to the medical protocol as of 2020, you should make two attempts to cannulate a patient before passing the job on to a more-senior practitioner.\n\nThe answer is (F).",
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"content": "Why are parvoviruses a highly impactful parasite?\nA. They are able to alter the host's DNA\nB. Because they have no nucleic acid\nC. They can survive in extreme temperatures\nD. Only replicate in dividing cells\nE. They can infect multiple species\nF. They don't require a host to survive\nG. Can integrate into host chromosomes",
"role": "user"
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on virology for help.\n\nParoviruses are highly impactful because they do not have nucleic acid.\n\nThe answer is (B).",
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"content": "A 13-month-old child is brought to the emergency department because of urticaria, swelling of the lips, and difficulty breathing immediately after eating an egg. A potential risk for hypersensitivity reaction is posed by vaccination against which of the following illnesses?\nA. Hepatitis\nB. Influenza\nC. Pertussis\nD. Poliomyelitis",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on vaccination and allergy for help.\n\nThis situation sounds like a case of anaphylaxis, which is a severe and potentially life-threatening allergic reaction that can occur within minutes of exposure to the allergen.\n\nGiven that the child reacted to an egg, it is likely that the child has an egg allergy.\n\nHowever, egg allergies can increase the risk of anaphylaxis to certain vaccines, including the flu vaccine.\n\nThe flu vaccine for children under the age of 4 contains a small amount of egg protein.\n\nThis is why the child's potential risk for hypersensitivity reaction is posed by vaccination against Influenza.\n\nThe answer is (B).",
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B
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B
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{
"content": "The following are multiple choice questions (with answers) about health. Think step by step and then finish your answer with \"the answer is (X)\" where X is the correct letter choice.\nEach reasoning step in your response should end with two line breaks.",
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"content": "Which of the following is the body cavity that contains the pituitary gland?\nA. Ventral\nB. Dorsal\nC. Buccal\nD. Thoracic\nE. Pericardial\nF. Abdominal\nG. Spinal\nH. Pelvic\nI. Pleural\nJ. Cranial",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on anatomy for help.\n\nLet’s solve this problem step by step.\n\nThe pituitary gland is the major endocrine gland attached to the base of the brain, and it is contained in the Cranial cavity.\n\nThe answer is (J).",
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"content": "What is the embryological origin of the hyoid bone?\nA. The third and fourth pharyngeal arches\nB. The fourth pharyngeal arch\nC. The third pharyngeal arch\nD. The second pharyngeal arch\nE. The second, third and fourth pharyngeal arches\nF. The first pharyngeal arch\nG. The second and third pharyngeal arches\nH. The first and third pharyngeal arches\nI. The first, second and third pharyngeal arches\nJ. The first and second pharyngeal arches",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on anatomy for help.\n\nLet’s solve this problem step by step.\n\nThe hyoid bone, which is also known as the hyooid, is a a small U-shaped bone located in the anterior neck.\n\nIn its resting position, it lies between the ase of the mandible and the third cervical vertebrae.\n\nWe know that the second and the third pharyngeal arches give rise to the horns of the hyoid bone; therefore, the embryological origin of the hyoid bone are the second and the third pharyngeal arches—this information is covered in option (G).\n\nTherefore, we conclude that (G) must be the correct answer.\n\nThe answer is (G).",
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"content": "What is the difference between a male and a female catheter?\nA. Female catheters are used more frequently than male catheters.\nB. Male catheters are bigger than female catheters.\nC. Male catheters are more flexible than female catheters.\nD. Male catheters are made from a different material than female catheters.\nE. Female catheters are longer than male catheters.\nF. Male catheters are longer than female catheters.\nG. Female catheters are bigger than male catheters.\nH. Female catheters have a curved shape while male catheters are straight.\nI. Male and female catheters are different colours.\nJ. Male catheters have a smaller diameter than female catheters.",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on clinical knowledge for help.\n\nThe difference between a male and female catheter is that male catheters tend to be longer than female catheters.\n\nThe answer is (F).",
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"content": "How many attempts should you make to cannulate a patient before passing the job on to a senior colleague, according to the medical knowledge of 2020?\nA. 1\nB. Unlimited attempts\nC. 5\nD. 0, always pass on to a senior colleague\nE. 7\nF. 2\nG. 4\nH. 6\nI. 3\nJ. 8",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on clinical knowledge for help.\n\nAccording to the medical protocol as of 2020, you should make two attempts to cannulate a patient before passing the job on to a more-senior practitioner.\n\nThe answer is (F).",
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"content": "Why are parvoviruses a highly impactful parasite?\nA. They are able to alter the host's DNA\nB. Because they have no nucleic acid\nC. They can survive in extreme temperatures\nD. Only replicate in dividing cells\nE. They can infect multiple species\nF. They don't require a host to survive\nG. Can integrate into host chromosomes",
"role": "user"
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on virology for help.\n\nParoviruses are highly impactful because they do not have nucleic acid.\n\nThe answer is (B).",
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},
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"content": "A 13-month-old child is brought to the emergency department because of urticaria, swelling of the lips, and difficulty breathing immediately after eating an egg. A potential risk for hypersensitivity reaction is posed by vaccination against which of the following illnesses?\nA. Hepatitis\nB. Influenza\nC. Pertussis\nD. Poliomyelitis",
"role": "user"
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on vaccination and immunology for help.\n\nThe described symptoms are characteristic of anaphylaxis, a severe hypersensitivity reaction, often associated with vaccination against vaccines containing eggs, which poses an allergy risk.\n\nHowever, the question asks about a potential risk of hypersensitivity reaction for vaccination against the specified illnesses. \n\nAmong the options, the potential risk is highest for vaccination against Pertussis (whooping cough) and Hepatitis, however commonly, the Hepatitis B vaccine, is formulated with human albumin and does not contain egg. It is however the combined Hepatitis A and B vaccine and the Influenza vaccines which the egg is a component. \n\nHowever, a vaccine that really poses a risk to those who have egg allergies is the Influenza vaccine as it contains egg protein.\n\nThe answer is (B).",
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B
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B
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{
"content": "The following are multiple choice questions (with answers) about health. Think step by step and then finish your answer with \"the answer is (X)\" where X is the correct letter choice.\nEach reasoning step in your response should end with two line breaks.",
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"content": "Which of the following is the body cavity that contains the pituitary gland?\nA. Ventral\nB. Dorsal\nC. Buccal\nD. Thoracic\nE. Pericardial\nF. Abdominal\nG. Spinal\nH. Pelvic\nI. Pleural\nJ. Cranial",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on anatomy for help.\n\nLet’s solve this problem step by step.\n\nThe pituitary gland is the major endocrine gland attached to the base of the brain, and it is contained in the Cranial cavity.\n\nThe answer is (J).",
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"content": "What is the embryological origin of the hyoid bone?\nA. The third and fourth pharyngeal arches\nB. The fourth pharyngeal arch\nC. The third pharyngeal arch\nD. The second pharyngeal arch\nE. The second, third and fourth pharyngeal arches\nF. The first pharyngeal arch\nG. The second and third pharyngeal arches\nH. The first and third pharyngeal arches\nI. The first, second and third pharyngeal arches\nJ. The first and second pharyngeal arches",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on anatomy for help.\n\nLet’s solve this problem step by step.\n\nThe hyoid bone, which is also known as the hyooid, is a a small U-shaped bone located in the anterior neck.\n\nIn its resting position, it lies between the ase of the mandible and the third cervical vertebrae.\n\nWe know that the second and the third pharyngeal arches give rise to the horns of the hyoid bone; therefore, the embryological origin of the hyoid bone are the second and the third pharyngeal arches—this information is covered in option (G).\n\nTherefore, we conclude that (G) must be the correct answer.\n\nThe answer is (G).",
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"content": "What is the difference between a male and a female catheter?\nA. Female catheters are used more frequently than male catheters.\nB. Male catheters are bigger than female catheters.\nC. Male catheters are more flexible than female catheters.\nD. Male catheters are made from a different material than female catheters.\nE. Female catheters are longer than male catheters.\nF. Male catheters are longer than female catheters.\nG. Female catheters are bigger than male catheters.\nH. Female catheters have a curved shape while male catheters are straight.\nI. Male and female catheters are different colours.\nJ. Male catheters have a smaller diameter than female catheters.",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on clinical knowledge for help.\n\nThe difference between a male and female catheter is that male catheters tend to be longer than female catheters.\n\nThe answer is (F).",
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"content": "How many attempts should you make to cannulate a patient before passing the job on to a senior colleague, according to the medical knowledge of 2020?\nA. 1\nB. Unlimited attempts\nC. 5\nD. 0, always pass on to a senior colleague\nE. 7\nF. 2\nG. 4\nH. 6\nI. 3\nJ. 8",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on clinical knowledge for help.\n\nAccording to the medical protocol as of 2020, you should make two attempts to cannulate a patient before passing the job on to a more-senior practitioner.\n\nThe answer is (F).",
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"content": "Why are parvoviruses a highly impactful parasite?\nA. They are able to alter the host's DNA\nB. Because they have no nucleic acid\nC. They can survive in extreme temperatures\nD. Only replicate in dividing cells\nE. They can infect multiple species\nF. They don't require a host to survive\nG. Can integrate into host chromosomes",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on virology for help.\n\nParoviruses are highly impactful because they do not have nucleic acid.\n\nThe answer is (B).",
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"content": "A 13-month-old child is brought to the emergency department because of urticaria, swelling of the lips, and difficulty breathing immediately after eating an egg. A potential risk for hypersensitivity reaction is posed by vaccination against which of the following illnesses?\nA. Hepatitis\nB. Influenza\nC. Pertussis\nD. Poliomyelitis",
"role": "user"
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on immunology and vaccines for help.\n\nThe symptoms mentioned, such as urticaria, swelling of the lips, and difficulty breathing immediately after eating an egg, suggest an egg allergy.\n\nThe child has a potential risk for hypersensitivity reaction to a vaccine containing egg, which is commonly used in flu vaccines.\n\nThe answer is (B).\n\n",
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B
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B
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{
"content": "The following are multiple choice questions (with answers) about health. Think step by step and then finish your answer with \"the answer is (X)\" where X is the correct letter choice.\nEach reasoning step in your response should end with two line breaks.",
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"content": "Which of the following is the body cavity that contains the pituitary gland?\nA. Ventral\nB. Dorsal\nC. Buccal\nD. Thoracic\nE. Pericardial\nF. Abdominal\nG. Spinal\nH. Pelvic\nI. Pleural\nJ. Cranial",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on anatomy for help.\n\nLet’s solve this problem step by step.\n\nThe pituitary gland is the major endocrine gland attached to the base of the brain, and it is contained in the Cranial cavity.\n\nThe answer is (J).",
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"content": "What is the embryological origin of the hyoid bone?\nA. The third and fourth pharyngeal arches\nB. The fourth pharyngeal arch\nC. The third pharyngeal arch\nD. The second pharyngeal arch\nE. The second, third and fourth pharyngeal arches\nF. The first pharyngeal arch\nG. The second and third pharyngeal arches\nH. The first and third pharyngeal arches\nI. The first, second and third pharyngeal arches\nJ. The first and second pharyngeal arches",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on anatomy for help.\n\nLet’s solve this problem step by step.\n\nThe hyoid bone, which is also known as the hyooid, is a a small U-shaped bone located in the anterior neck.\n\nIn its resting position, it lies between the ase of the mandible and the third cervical vertebrae.\n\nWe know that the second and the third pharyngeal arches give rise to the horns of the hyoid bone; therefore, the embryological origin of the hyoid bone are the second and the third pharyngeal arches—this information is covered in option (G).\n\nTherefore, we conclude that (G) must be the correct answer.\n\nThe answer is (G).",
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"content": "What is the difference between a male and a female catheter?\nA. Female catheters are used more frequently than male catheters.\nB. Male catheters are bigger than female catheters.\nC. Male catheters are more flexible than female catheters.\nD. Male catheters are made from a different material than female catheters.\nE. Female catheters are longer than male catheters.\nF. Male catheters are longer than female catheters.\nG. Female catheters are bigger than male catheters.\nH. Female catheters have a curved shape while male catheters are straight.\nI. Male and female catheters are different colours.\nJ. Male catheters have a smaller diameter than female catheters.",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on clinical knowledge for help.\n\nThe difference between a male and female catheter is that male catheters tend to be longer than female catheters.\n\nThe answer is (F).",
"role": "assistant"
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"content": "How many attempts should you make to cannulate a patient before passing the job on to a senior colleague, according to the medical knowledge of 2020?\nA. 1\nB. Unlimited attempts\nC. 5\nD. 0, always pass on to a senior colleague\nE. 7\nF. 2\nG. 4\nH. 6\nI. 3\nJ. 8",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on clinical knowledge for help.\n\nAccording to the medical protocol as of 2020, you should make two attempts to cannulate a patient before passing the job on to a more-senior practitioner.\n\nThe answer is (F).",
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"content": "Why are parvoviruses a highly impactful parasite?\nA. They are able to alter the host's DNA\nB. Because they have no nucleic acid\nC. They can survive in extreme temperatures\nD. Only replicate in dividing cells\nE. They can infect multiple species\nF. They don't require a host to survive\nG. Can integrate into host chromosomes",
"role": "user"
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on virology for help.\n\nParoviruses are highly impactful because they do not have nucleic acid.\n\nThe answer is (B).",
"role": "assistant"
},
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"content": "A 13-month-old child is brought to the emergency department because of urticaria, swelling of the lips, and difficulty breathing immediately after eating an egg. A potential risk for hypersensitivity reaction is posed by vaccination against which of the following illnesses?\nA. Hepatitis\nB. Influenza\nC. Pertussis\nD. Poliomyelitis",
"role": "user"
},
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on allergy and immunology for help.\n\nThe child is experiencing a hypersensitivity reaction to an egg, which suggests that the child may have an allergy to egg proteins.\n\nEgg contains proteins that are also found in vaccines, particularly in the influenza vaccine.\n\nThis is because the influenza vaccine, which protects against the flu virus, is often grown in eggs during the manufacturing process. As a result, small amounts of egg proteins can be present in the vaccine.\n\nThe answer is (B).\n\n",
"role": "assistant"
}
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B
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B
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"content": "The following are multiple choice questions (with answers) about health. Think step by step and then finish your answer with \"the answer is (X)\" where X is the correct letter choice.\nEach reasoning step in your response should end with two line breaks.",
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"content": "Which of the following is the body cavity that contains the pituitary gland?\nA. Ventral\nB. Dorsal\nC. Buccal\nD. Thoracic\nE. Pericardial\nF. Abdominal\nG. Spinal\nH. Pelvic\nI. Pleural\nJ. Cranial",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on anatomy for help.\n\nLet’s solve this problem step by step.\n\nThe pituitary gland is the major endocrine gland attached to the base of the brain, and it is contained in the Cranial cavity.\n\nThe answer is (J).",
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"content": "What is the embryological origin of the hyoid bone?\nA. The third and fourth pharyngeal arches\nB. The fourth pharyngeal arch\nC. The third pharyngeal arch\nD. The second pharyngeal arch\nE. The second, third and fourth pharyngeal arches\nF. The first pharyngeal arch\nG. The second and third pharyngeal arches\nH. The first and third pharyngeal arches\nI. The first, second and third pharyngeal arches\nJ. The first and second pharyngeal arches",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on anatomy for help.\n\nLet’s solve this problem step by step.\n\nThe hyoid bone, which is also known as the hyooid, is a a small U-shaped bone located in the anterior neck.\n\nIn its resting position, it lies between the ase of the mandible and the third cervical vertebrae.\n\nWe know that the second and the third pharyngeal arches give rise to the horns of the hyoid bone; therefore, the embryological origin of the hyoid bone are the second and the third pharyngeal arches—this information is covered in option (G).\n\nTherefore, we conclude that (G) must be the correct answer.\n\nThe answer is (G).",
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"content": "What is the difference between a male and a female catheter?\nA. Female catheters are used more frequently than male catheters.\nB. Male catheters are bigger than female catheters.\nC. Male catheters are more flexible than female catheters.\nD. Male catheters are made from a different material than female catheters.\nE. Female catheters are longer than male catheters.\nF. Male catheters are longer than female catheters.\nG. Female catheters are bigger than male catheters.\nH. Female catheters have a curved shape while male catheters are straight.\nI. Male and female catheters are different colours.\nJ. Male catheters have a smaller diameter than female catheters.",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on clinical knowledge for help.\n\nThe difference between a male and female catheter is that male catheters tend to be longer than female catheters.\n\nThe answer is (F).",
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"content": "How many attempts should you make to cannulate a patient before passing the job on to a senior colleague, according to the medical knowledge of 2020?\nA. 1\nB. Unlimited attempts\nC. 5\nD. 0, always pass on to a senior colleague\nE. 7\nF. 2\nG. 4\nH. 6\nI. 3\nJ. 8",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on clinical knowledge for help.\n\nAccording to the medical protocol as of 2020, you should make two attempts to cannulate a patient before passing the job on to a more-senior practitioner.\n\nThe answer is (F).",
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"content": "Why are parvoviruses a highly impactful parasite?\nA. They are able to alter the host's DNA\nB. Because they have no nucleic acid\nC. They can survive in extreme temperatures\nD. Only replicate in dividing cells\nE. They can infect multiple species\nF. They don't require a host to survive\nG. Can integrate into host chromosomes",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on virology for help.\n\nParoviruses are highly impactful because they do not have nucleic acid.\n\nThe answer is (B).",
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"content": "A 13-month-old child is brought to the emergency department because of urticaria, swelling of the lips, and difficulty breathing immediately after eating an egg. A potential risk for hypersensitivity reaction is posed by vaccination against which of the following illnesses?\nA. Hepatitis\nB. Influenza\nC. Pertussis\nD. Poliomyelitis",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on allergy and vaccine knowledge for help.\n\nThe child is experiencing an allergic reaction to an egg, which is commonly used as a vaccine component for influenza and hepatitis A, but generally for the influenza vaccine.\n\nThe risk for hypersensitivity is the most direct with the influenza vaccine because of the egg component in this vaccine.\n\nThe answer is (B).\n\n",
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"content": "The following are multiple choice questions (with answers) about health. Think step by step and then finish your answer with \"the answer is (X)\" where X is the correct letter choice.\nEach reasoning step in your response should end with two line breaks.",
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"content": "Which of the following is the body cavity that contains the pituitary gland?\nA. Ventral\nB. Dorsal\nC. Buccal\nD. Thoracic\nE. Pericardial\nF. Abdominal\nG. Spinal\nH. Pelvic\nI. Pleural\nJ. Cranial",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on anatomy for help.\n\nLet’s solve this problem step by step.\n\nThe pituitary gland is the major endocrine gland attached to the base of the brain, and it is contained in the Cranial cavity.\n\nThe answer is (J).",
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"content": "What is the embryological origin of the hyoid bone?\nA. The third and fourth pharyngeal arches\nB. The fourth pharyngeal arch\nC. The third pharyngeal arch\nD. The second pharyngeal arch\nE. The second, third and fourth pharyngeal arches\nF. The first pharyngeal arch\nG. The second and third pharyngeal arches\nH. The first and third pharyngeal arches\nI. The first, second and third pharyngeal arches\nJ. The first and second pharyngeal arches",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on anatomy for help.\n\nLet’s solve this problem step by step.\n\nThe hyoid bone, which is also known as the hyooid, is a a small U-shaped bone located in the anterior neck.\n\nIn its resting position, it lies between the ase of the mandible and the third cervical vertebrae.\n\nWe know that the second and the third pharyngeal arches give rise to the horns of the hyoid bone; therefore, the embryological origin of the hyoid bone are the second and the third pharyngeal arches—this information is covered in option (G).\n\nTherefore, we conclude that (G) must be the correct answer.\n\nThe answer is (G).",
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"content": "What is the difference between a male and a female catheter?\nA. Female catheters are used more frequently than male catheters.\nB. Male catheters are bigger than female catheters.\nC. Male catheters are more flexible than female catheters.\nD. Male catheters are made from a different material than female catheters.\nE. Female catheters are longer than male catheters.\nF. Male catheters are longer than female catheters.\nG. Female catheters are bigger than male catheters.\nH. Female catheters have a curved shape while male catheters are straight.\nI. Male and female catheters are different colours.\nJ. Male catheters have a smaller diameter than female catheters.",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on clinical knowledge for help.\n\nThe difference between a male and female catheter is that male catheters tend to be longer than female catheters.\n\nThe answer is (F).",
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"content": "How many attempts should you make to cannulate a patient before passing the job on to a senior colleague, according to the medical knowledge of 2020?\nA. 1\nB. Unlimited attempts\nC. 5\nD. 0, always pass on to a senior colleague\nE. 7\nF. 2\nG. 4\nH. 6\nI. 3\nJ. 8",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on clinical knowledge for help.\n\nAccording to the medical protocol as of 2020, you should make two attempts to cannulate a patient before passing the job on to a more-senior practitioner.\n\nThe answer is (F).",
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"content": "Why are parvoviruses a highly impactful parasite?\nA. They are able to alter the host's DNA\nB. Because they have no nucleic acid\nC. They can survive in extreme temperatures\nD. Only replicate in dividing cells\nE. They can infect multiple species\nF. They don't require a host to survive\nG. Can integrate into host chromosomes",
"role": "user"
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on virology for help.\n\nParoviruses are highly impactful because they do not have nucleic acid.\n\nThe answer is (B).",
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"content": "A 13-month-old child is brought to the emergency department because of urticaria, swelling of the lips, and difficulty breathing immediately after eating an egg. A potential risk for hypersensitivity reaction is posed by vaccination against which of the following illnesses?\nA. Hepatitis\nB. Influenza\nC. Pertussis\nD. Poliomyelitis",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on allergy and immunology for help.\n\nLet's solve this problem step by step.\n\nThe child in the scenario has symptoms consistent with anaphylaxis, which is a severe, potentially life-threatening allergic reaction that can be triggered by food (in this case, an egg).\n\nWe know that egg is a common ingredient in some live attenuated vaccines, particularly the MMR (measles, mumps, and rubella) vaccine and some influenza vaccines, but not in the hepatitis A vaccine; this particular vaccine does contain human egg as a component to assist in the replication of the live virus however, a contrast of the other mentioned option presents a high risk to having a severe reaction and the term in question, is specifically, that, of an egg allergy. \n\nEgg is also used in the production of some other vaccines like the influenza vaccine, however, from all of the provided options, the flu vaccine poses a significant risk for individuals with egg allergies.\n\nThe answer is (B).",
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B
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B
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{
"content": "The following are multiple choice questions (with answers) about health. Think step by step and then finish your answer with \"the answer is (X)\" where X is the correct letter choice.\nEach reasoning step in your response should end with two line breaks.",
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"content": "Which of the following is the body cavity that contains the pituitary gland?\nA. Ventral\nB. Dorsal\nC. Buccal\nD. Thoracic\nE. Pericardial\nF. Abdominal\nG. Spinal\nH. Pelvic\nI. Pleural\nJ. Cranial",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on anatomy for help.\n\nLet’s solve this problem step by step.\n\nThe pituitary gland is the major endocrine gland attached to the base of the brain, and it is contained in the Cranial cavity.\n\nThe answer is (J).",
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"content": "What is the embryological origin of the hyoid bone?\nA. The third and fourth pharyngeal arches\nB. The fourth pharyngeal arch\nC. The third pharyngeal arch\nD. The second pharyngeal arch\nE. The second, third and fourth pharyngeal arches\nF. The first pharyngeal arch\nG. The second and third pharyngeal arches\nH. The first and third pharyngeal arches\nI. The first, second and third pharyngeal arches\nJ. The first and second pharyngeal arches",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on anatomy for help.\n\nLet’s solve this problem step by step.\n\nThe hyoid bone, which is also known as the hyooid, is a a small U-shaped bone located in the anterior neck.\n\nIn its resting position, it lies between the ase of the mandible and the third cervical vertebrae.\n\nWe know that the second and the third pharyngeal arches give rise to the horns of the hyoid bone; therefore, the embryological origin of the hyoid bone are the second and the third pharyngeal arches—this information is covered in option (G).\n\nTherefore, we conclude that (G) must be the correct answer.\n\nThe answer is (G).",
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"content": "What is the difference between a male and a female catheter?\nA. Female catheters are used more frequently than male catheters.\nB. Male catheters are bigger than female catheters.\nC. Male catheters are more flexible than female catheters.\nD. Male catheters are made from a different material than female catheters.\nE. Female catheters are longer than male catheters.\nF. Male catheters are longer than female catheters.\nG. Female catheters are bigger than male catheters.\nH. Female catheters have a curved shape while male catheters are straight.\nI. Male and female catheters are different colours.\nJ. Male catheters have a smaller diameter than female catheters.",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on clinical knowledge for help.\n\nThe difference between a male and female catheter is that male catheters tend to be longer than female catheters.\n\nThe answer is (F).",
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"content": "How many attempts should you make to cannulate a patient before passing the job on to a senior colleague, according to the medical knowledge of 2020?\nA. 1\nB. Unlimited attempts\nC. 5\nD. 0, always pass on to a senior colleague\nE. 7\nF. 2\nG. 4\nH. 6\nI. 3\nJ. 8",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on clinical knowledge for help.\n\nAccording to the medical protocol as of 2020, you should make two attempts to cannulate a patient before passing the job on to a more-senior practitioner.\n\nThe answer is (F).",
"role": "assistant"
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"content": "Why are parvoviruses a highly impactful parasite?\nA. They are able to alter the host's DNA\nB. Because they have no nucleic acid\nC. They can survive in extreme temperatures\nD. Only replicate in dividing cells\nE. They can infect multiple species\nF. They don't require a host to survive\nG. Can integrate into host chromosomes",
"role": "user"
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on virology for help.\n\nParoviruses are highly impactful because they do not have nucleic acid.\n\nThe answer is (B).",
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"content": "A 13-month-old child is brought to the emergency department because of urticaria, swelling of the lips, and difficulty breathing immediately after eating an egg. A potential risk for hypersensitivity reaction is posed by vaccination against which of the following illnesses?\nA. Hepatitis\nB. Influenza\nC. Pertussis\nD. Poliomyelitis",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on clinical knowledge for help.\n\nThis case is a classic example of anaphylaxis, an immediate hypersensitivity reaction, which is often caused by an allergy to eggs.\n\nEggs are a common ingredient in the influenza vaccine, therefore, a potential risk of anaphylaxis exists if the child is vaccinated against influenza.\n\nThe answer is (B).\n\n",
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B
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B
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[
{
"content": "The following are multiple choice questions (with answers) about health. Think step by step and then finish your answer with \"the answer is (X)\" where X is the correct letter choice.\nEach reasoning step in your response should end with two line breaks.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "Which of the following is the body cavity that contains the pituitary gland?\nA. Ventral\nB. Dorsal\nC. Buccal\nD. Thoracic\nE. Pericardial\nF. Abdominal\nG. Spinal\nH. Pelvic\nI. Pleural\nJ. Cranial",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on anatomy for help.\n\nLet’s solve this problem step by step.\n\nThe pituitary gland is the major endocrine gland attached to the base of the brain, and it is contained in the Cranial cavity.\n\nThe answer is (J).",
"role": "assistant"
},
{
"content": "What is the embryological origin of the hyoid bone?\nA. The third and fourth pharyngeal arches\nB. The fourth pharyngeal arch\nC. The third pharyngeal arch\nD. The second pharyngeal arch\nE. The second, third and fourth pharyngeal arches\nF. The first pharyngeal arch\nG. The second and third pharyngeal arches\nH. The first and third pharyngeal arches\nI. The first, second and third pharyngeal arches\nJ. The first and second pharyngeal arches",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on anatomy for help.\n\nLet’s solve this problem step by step.\n\nThe hyoid bone, which is also known as the hyooid, is a a small U-shaped bone located in the anterior neck.\n\nIn its resting position, it lies between the ase of the mandible and the third cervical vertebrae.\n\nWe know that the second and the third pharyngeal arches give rise to the horns of the hyoid bone; therefore, the embryological origin of the hyoid bone are the second and the third pharyngeal arches—this information is covered in option (G).\n\nTherefore, we conclude that (G) must be the correct answer.\n\nThe answer is (G).",
"role": "assistant"
},
{
"content": "What is the difference between a male and a female catheter?\nA. Female catheters are used more frequently than male catheters.\nB. Male catheters are bigger than female catheters.\nC. Male catheters are more flexible than female catheters.\nD. Male catheters are made from a different material than female catheters.\nE. Female catheters are longer than male catheters.\nF. Male catheters are longer than female catheters.\nG. Female catheters are bigger than male catheters.\nH. Female catheters have a curved shape while male catheters are straight.\nI. Male and female catheters are different colours.\nJ. Male catheters have a smaller diameter than female catheters.",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on clinical knowledge for help.\n\nThe difference between a male and female catheter is that male catheters tend to be longer than female catheters.\n\nThe answer is (F).",
"role": "assistant"
},
{
"content": "How many attempts should you make to cannulate a patient before passing the job on to a senior colleague, according to the medical knowledge of 2020?\nA. 1\nB. Unlimited attempts\nC. 5\nD. 0, always pass on to a senior colleague\nE. 7\nF. 2\nG. 4\nH. 6\nI. 3\nJ. 8",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on clinical knowledge for help.\n\nAccording to the medical protocol as of 2020, you should make two attempts to cannulate a patient before passing the job on to a more-senior practitioner.\n\nThe answer is (F).",
"role": "assistant"
},
{
"content": "Why are parvoviruses a highly impactful parasite?\nA. They are able to alter the host's DNA\nB. Because they have no nucleic acid\nC. They can survive in extreme temperatures\nD. Only replicate in dividing cells\nE. They can infect multiple species\nF. They don't require a host to survive\nG. Can integrate into host chromosomes",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on virology for help.\n\nParoviruses are highly impactful because they do not have nucleic acid.\n\nThe answer is (B).",
"role": "assistant"
},
{
"content": "A 13-month-old child is brought to the emergency department because of urticaria, swelling of the lips, and difficulty breathing immediately after eating an egg. A potential risk for hypersensitivity reaction is posed by vaccination against which of the following illnesses?\nA. Hepatitis\nB. Influenza\nC. Pertussis\nD. Poliomyelitis",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on immunology and vaccines for help.\n\nThe symptoms mentioned, such as urticaria, swelling of the lips, and difficulty breathing immediately after eating an egg, suggest an egg allergy.\n\nThe child has a potential risk for hypersensitivity reaction to a vaccine containing egg, which is commonly used in flu vaccines.\n\nThe answer is (B).\n\n",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
B
|
B
| 0.99517
| true
|
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{
"content": "The following are multiple choice questions (with answers) about health. Think step by step and then finish your answer with \"the answer is (X)\" where X is the correct letter choice.\nEach reasoning step in your response should end with two line breaks.",
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"content": "Which of the following is the body cavity that contains the pituitary gland?\nA. Ventral\nB. Dorsal\nC. Buccal\nD. Thoracic\nE. Pericardial\nF. Abdominal\nG. Spinal\nH. Pelvic\nI. Pleural\nJ. Cranial",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on anatomy for help.\n\nLet’s solve this problem step by step.\n\nThe pituitary gland is the major endocrine gland attached to the base of the brain, and it is contained in the Cranial cavity.\n\nThe answer is (J).",
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"content": "What is the embryological origin of the hyoid bone?\nA. The third and fourth pharyngeal arches\nB. The fourth pharyngeal arch\nC. The third pharyngeal arch\nD. The second pharyngeal arch\nE. The second, third and fourth pharyngeal arches\nF. The first pharyngeal arch\nG. The second and third pharyngeal arches\nH. The first and third pharyngeal arches\nI. The first, second and third pharyngeal arches\nJ. The first and second pharyngeal arches",
"role": "user"
},
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on anatomy for help.\n\nLet’s solve this problem step by step.\n\nThe hyoid bone, which is also known as the hyooid, is a a small U-shaped bone located in the anterior neck.\n\nIn its resting position, it lies between the ase of the mandible and the third cervical vertebrae.\n\nWe know that the second and the third pharyngeal arches give rise to the horns of the hyoid bone; therefore, the embryological origin of the hyoid bone are the second and the third pharyngeal arches—this information is covered in option (G).\n\nTherefore, we conclude that (G) must be the correct answer.\n\nThe answer is (G).",
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"content": "What is the difference between a male and a female catheter?\nA. Female catheters are used more frequently than male catheters.\nB. Male catheters are bigger than female catheters.\nC. Male catheters are more flexible than female catheters.\nD. Male catheters are made from a different material than female catheters.\nE. Female catheters are longer than male catheters.\nF. Male catheters are longer than female catheters.\nG. Female catheters are bigger than male catheters.\nH. Female catheters have a curved shape while male catheters are straight.\nI. Male and female catheters are different colours.\nJ. Male catheters have a smaller diameter than female catheters.",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on clinical knowledge for help.\n\nThe difference between a male and female catheter is that male catheters tend to be longer than female catheters.\n\nThe answer is (F).",
"role": "assistant"
},
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"content": "How many attempts should you make to cannulate a patient before passing the job on to a senior colleague, according to the medical knowledge of 2020?\nA. 1\nB. Unlimited attempts\nC. 5\nD. 0, always pass on to a senior colleague\nE. 7\nF. 2\nG. 4\nH. 6\nI. 3\nJ. 8",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on clinical knowledge for help.\n\nAccording to the medical protocol as of 2020, you should make two attempts to cannulate a patient before passing the job on to a more-senior practitioner.\n\nThe answer is (F).",
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"content": "Why are parvoviruses a highly impactful parasite?\nA. They are able to alter the host's DNA\nB. Because they have no nucleic acid\nC. They can survive in extreme temperatures\nD. Only replicate in dividing cells\nE. They can infect multiple species\nF. They don't require a host to survive\nG. Can integrate into host chromosomes",
"role": "user"
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on virology for help.\n\nParoviruses are highly impactful because they do not have nucleic acid.\n\nThe answer is (B).",
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},
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"content": "A 13-month-old child is brought to the emergency department because of urticaria, swelling of the lips, and difficulty breathing immediately after eating an egg. A potential risk for hypersensitivity reaction is posed by vaccination against which of the following illnesses?\nA. Hepatitis\nB. Influenza\nC. Pertussis\nD. Poliomyelitis",
"role": "user"
},
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on allergy and immunology for help.\n\nWe know that the child experienced a hypersensitivity reaction (e.g. anaphylaxis) to eating an egg.\n\nEggs and egg products are typically made from chicken eggs which are laid by hens that are immunized against Newcastle disease.\n\nNewcastle disease is a vaccine-preventable disease that is typically prevented by a live-virus vaccine.\n\nTherefore, a potential risk for hypersensitivity reaction is posed by vaccination against Newcastle disease's counterpart in the human, which is neither A, B, C, nor D, but let’s examine each choice to ensure we are correct.\n\nA. Hepatitis - no connection.\n\nB. Influenza - no connection.\n\nC. Pertussis - no connection.\n\nD. Poliomyelitis - not Newcastle disease.\n\nActually, since there isn't a correct choice; this makes no sense so, since we can't choose one of those options, what has been noted would suggest that it is possible an allergy could be triggered by a poxvirus vaccine or a herpes virus vaccine - measles mumps rubella is a vaccine that does include a live attenuated form of the virus MMR.\n\nThe answer is (D).",
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D
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B
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{
"content": "The following are multiple choice questions (with answers) about health. Think step by step and then finish your answer with \"the answer is (X)\" where X is the correct letter choice.\nEach reasoning step in your response should end with two line breaks.",
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"content": "Which of the following is the body cavity that contains the pituitary gland?\nA. Ventral\nB. Dorsal\nC. Buccal\nD. Thoracic\nE. Pericardial\nF. Abdominal\nG. Spinal\nH. Pelvic\nI. Pleural\nJ. Cranial",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on anatomy for help.\n\nLet’s solve this problem step by step.\n\nThe pituitary gland is the major endocrine gland attached to the base of the brain, and it is contained in the Cranial cavity.\n\nThe answer is (J).",
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"content": "What is the embryological origin of the hyoid bone?\nA. The third and fourth pharyngeal arches\nB. The fourth pharyngeal arch\nC. The third pharyngeal arch\nD. The second pharyngeal arch\nE. The second, third and fourth pharyngeal arches\nF. The first pharyngeal arch\nG. The second and third pharyngeal arches\nH. The first and third pharyngeal arches\nI. The first, second and third pharyngeal arches\nJ. The first and second pharyngeal arches",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on anatomy for help.\n\nLet’s solve this problem step by step.\n\nThe hyoid bone, which is also known as the hyooid, is a a small U-shaped bone located in the anterior neck.\n\nIn its resting position, it lies between the ase of the mandible and the third cervical vertebrae.\n\nWe know that the second and the third pharyngeal arches give rise to the horns of the hyoid bone; therefore, the embryological origin of the hyoid bone are the second and the third pharyngeal arches—this information is covered in option (G).\n\nTherefore, we conclude that (G) must be the correct answer.\n\nThe answer is (G).",
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"content": "What is the difference between a male and a female catheter?\nA. Female catheters are used more frequently than male catheters.\nB. Male catheters are bigger than female catheters.\nC. Male catheters are more flexible than female catheters.\nD. Male catheters are made from a different material than female catheters.\nE. Female catheters are longer than male catheters.\nF. Male catheters are longer than female catheters.\nG. Female catheters are bigger than male catheters.\nH. Female catheters have a curved shape while male catheters are straight.\nI. Male and female catheters are different colours.\nJ. Male catheters have a smaller diameter than female catheters.",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on clinical knowledge for help.\n\nThe difference between a male and female catheter is that male catheters tend to be longer than female catheters.\n\nThe answer is (F).",
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"content": "How many attempts should you make to cannulate a patient before passing the job on to a senior colleague, according to the medical knowledge of 2020?\nA. 1\nB. Unlimited attempts\nC. 5\nD. 0, always pass on to a senior colleague\nE. 7\nF. 2\nG. 4\nH. 6\nI. 3\nJ. 8",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on clinical knowledge for help.\n\nAccording to the medical protocol as of 2020, you should make two attempts to cannulate a patient before passing the job on to a more-senior practitioner.\n\nThe answer is (F).",
"role": "assistant"
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"content": "Why are parvoviruses a highly impactful parasite?\nA. They are able to alter the host's DNA\nB. Because they have no nucleic acid\nC. They can survive in extreme temperatures\nD. Only replicate in dividing cells\nE. They can infect multiple species\nF. They don't require a host to survive\nG. Can integrate into host chromosomes",
"role": "user"
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on virology for help.\n\nParoviruses are highly impactful because they do not have nucleic acid.\n\nThe answer is (B).",
"role": "assistant"
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"content": "A 13-month-old child is brought to the emergency department because of urticaria, swelling of the lips, and difficulty breathing immediately after eating an egg. A potential risk for hypersensitivity reaction is posed by vaccination against which of the following illnesses?\nA. Hepatitis\nB. Influenza\nC. Pertussis\nD. Poliomyelitis",
"role": "user"
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on allergy and immunology for help.\n\nBased on the symptoms described, the child is likely having a severe allergic reaction, which is an anaphylaxis.\n\nSome vaccinations carry a risk of causing anaphylaxis, such as the influenza vaccine.\n\nIn addition, the risk of anaphylaxis is also increased with the hepatitis B vaccine, \n\nHowever, a vaccines that is most commonly associated anaphylactic shock is the pertussis vaccine, eg the diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis (DTP) vaccine\n\nThe answer is (C).",
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C
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{
"content": "The following are multiple choice questions (with answers) about health. Think step by step and then finish your answer with \"the answer is (X)\" where X is the correct letter choice.\nEach reasoning step in your response should end with two line breaks.",
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"content": "Which of the following is the body cavity that contains the pituitary gland?\nA. Ventral\nB. Dorsal\nC. Buccal\nD. Thoracic\nE. Pericardial\nF. Abdominal\nG. Spinal\nH. Pelvic\nI. Pleural\nJ. Cranial",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on anatomy for help.\n\nLet’s solve this problem step by step.\n\nThe pituitary gland is the major endocrine gland attached to the base of the brain, and it is contained in the Cranial cavity.\n\nThe answer is (J).",
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"content": "What is the embryological origin of the hyoid bone?\nA. The third and fourth pharyngeal arches\nB. The fourth pharyngeal arch\nC. The third pharyngeal arch\nD. The second pharyngeal arch\nE. The second, third and fourth pharyngeal arches\nF. The first pharyngeal arch\nG. The second and third pharyngeal arches\nH. The first and third pharyngeal arches\nI. The first, second and third pharyngeal arches\nJ. The first and second pharyngeal arches",
"role": "user"
},
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on anatomy for help.\n\nLet’s solve this problem step by step.\n\nThe hyoid bone, which is also known as the hyooid, is a a small U-shaped bone located in the anterior neck.\n\nIn its resting position, it lies between the ase of the mandible and the third cervical vertebrae.\n\nWe know that the second and the third pharyngeal arches give rise to the horns of the hyoid bone; therefore, the embryological origin of the hyoid bone are the second and the third pharyngeal arches—this information is covered in option (G).\n\nTherefore, we conclude that (G) must be the correct answer.\n\nThe answer is (G).",
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"content": "What is the difference between a male and a female catheter?\nA. Female catheters are used more frequently than male catheters.\nB. Male catheters are bigger than female catheters.\nC. Male catheters are more flexible than female catheters.\nD. Male catheters are made from a different material than female catheters.\nE. Female catheters are longer than male catheters.\nF. Male catheters are longer than female catheters.\nG. Female catheters are bigger than male catheters.\nH. Female catheters have a curved shape while male catheters are straight.\nI. Male and female catheters are different colours.\nJ. Male catheters have a smaller diameter than female catheters.",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on clinical knowledge for help.\n\nThe difference between a male and female catheter is that male catheters tend to be longer than female catheters.\n\nThe answer is (F).",
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"content": "How many attempts should you make to cannulate a patient before passing the job on to a senior colleague, according to the medical knowledge of 2020?\nA. 1\nB. Unlimited attempts\nC. 5\nD. 0, always pass on to a senior colleague\nE. 7\nF. 2\nG. 4\nH. 6\nI. 3\nJ. 8",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on clinical knowledge for help.\n\nAccording to the medical protocol as of 2020, you should make two attempts to cannulate a patient before passing the job on to a more-senior practitioner.\n\nThe answer is (F).",
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"content": "Why are parvoviruses a highly impactful parasite?\nA. They are able to alter the host's DNA\nB. Because they have no nucleic acid\nC. They can survive in extreme temperatures\nD. Only replicate in dividing cells\nE. They can infect multiple species\nF. They don't require a host to survive\nG. Can integrate into host chromosomes",
"role": "user"
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on virology for help.\n\nParoviruses are highly impactful because they do not have nucleic acid.\n\nThe answer is (B).",
"role": "assistant"
},
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"content": "A 13-month-old child is brought to the emergency department because of urticaria, swelling of the lips, and difficulty breathing immediately after eating an egg. A potential risk for hypersensitivity reaction is posed by vaccination against which of the following illnesses?\nA. Hepatitis\nB. Influenza\nC. Pertussis\nD. Poliomyelitis",
"role": "user"
},
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on vaccination and immunology for help.\n\nThe described symptoms are characteristic of anaphylaxis, a severe hypersensitivity reaction, often associated with vaccination against vaccines containing eggs, which poses an allergy risk.\n\nHowever, the question asks about a potential risk of hypersensitivity reaction for vaccination against the specified illnesses. \n\nAmong the options, the potential risk is highest for vaccination against Pertussis (whooping cough) and Hepatitis, however commonly, the Hepatitis B vaccine, is formulated with human albumin and does not contain egg. It is however the combined Hepatitis A and B vaccine and the Influenza vaccines which the egg is a component. \n\nHowever, a vaccine that really poses a risk to those who have egg allergies is the Influenza vaccine as it contains egg protein.\n\nThe answer is (B).",
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B
|
B
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"content": "The following are multiple choice questions (with answers) about health. Think step by step and then finish your answer with \"the answer is (X)\" where X is the correct letter choice.\nEach reasoning step in your response should end with two line breaks.",
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"content": "Which of the following is the body cavity that contains the pituitary gland?\nA. Ventral\nB. Dorsal\nC. Buccal\nD. Thoracic\nE. Pericardial\nF. Abdominal\nG. Spinal\nH. Pelvic\nI. Pleural\nJ. Cranial",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on anatomy for help.\n\nLet’s solve this problem step by step.\n\nThe pituitary gland is the major endocrine gland attached to the base of the brain, and it is contained in the Cranial cavity.\n\nThe answer is (J).",
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"content": "What is the embryological origin of the hyoid bone?\nA. The third and fourth pharyngeal arches\nB. The fourth pharyngeal arch\nC. The third pharyngeal arch\nD. The second pharyngeal arch\nE. The second, third and fourth pharyngeal arches\nF. The first pharyngeal arch\nG. The second and third pharyngeal arches\nH. The first and third pharyngeal arches\nI. The first, second and third pharyngeal arches\nJ. The first and second pharyngeal arches",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on anatomy for help.\n\nLet’s solve this problem step by step.\n\nThe hyoid bone, which is also known as the hyooid, is a a small U-shaped bone located in the anterior neck.\n\nIn its resting position, it lies between the ase of the mandible and the third cervical vertebrae.\n\nWe know that the second and the third pharyngeal arches give rise to the horns of the hyoid bone; therefore, the embryological origin of the hyoid bone are the second and the third pharyngeal arches—this information is covered in option (G).\n\nTherefore, we conclude that (G) must be the correct answer.\n\nThe answer is (G).",
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"content": "What is the difference between a male and a female catheter?\nA. Female catheters are used more frequently than male catheters.\nB. Male catheters are bigger than female catheters.\nC. Male catheters are more flexible than female catheters.\nD. Male catheters are made from a different material than female catheters.\nE. Female catheters are longer than male catheters.\nF. Male catheters are longer than female catheters.\nG. Female catheters are bigger than male catheters.\nH. Female catheters have a curved shape while male catheters are straight.\nI. Male and female catheters are different colours.\nJ. Male catheters have a smaller diameter than female catheters.",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on clinical knowledge for help.\n\nThe difference between a male and female catheter is that male catheters tend to be longer than female catheters.\n\nThe answer is (F).",
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"content": "How many attempts should you make to cannulate a patient before passing the job on to a senior colleague, according to the medical knowledge of 2020?\nA. 1\nB. Unlimited attempts\nC. 5\nD. 0, always pass on to a senior colleague\nE. 7\nF. 2\nG. 4\nH. 6\nI. 3\nJ. 8",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on clinical knowledge for help.\n\nAccording to the medical protocol as of 2020, you should make two attempts to cannulate a patient before passing the job on to a more-senior practitioner.\n\nThe answer is (F).",
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"content": "Why are parvoviruses a highly impactful parasite?\nA. They are able to alter the host's DNA\nB. Because they have no nucleic acid\nC. They can survive in extreme temperatures\nD. Only replicate in dividing cells\nE. They can infect multiple species\nF. They don't require a host to survive\nG. Can integrate into host chromosomes",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on virology for help.\n\nParoviruses are highly impactful because they do not have nucleic acid.\n\nThe answer is (B).",
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"content": "A 13-month-old child is brought to the emergency department because of urticaria, swelling of the lips, and difficulty breathing immediately after eating an egg. A potential risk for hypersensitivity reaction is posed by vaccination against which of the following illnesses?\nA. Hepatitis\nB. Influenza\nC. Pertussis\nD. Poliomyelitis",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on clinical knowledge and allergic reactions for help.\n\nThe symptoms described in the scenario are characteristic of anaphylaxis, a severe hypersensitivity reaction.\n\nEgg is a common ingredient in some vaccines, specifically the influenza vaccine. \n\nThe answer is (B).\n\n",
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[
{
"content": "The following are multiple choice questions (with answers) about health. Think step by step and then finish your answer with \"the answer is (X)\" where X is the correct letter choice.\nEach reasoning step in your response should end with two line breaks.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "Which of the following is the body cavity that contains the pituitary gland?\nA. Ventral\nB. Dorsal\nC. Buccal\nD. Thoracic\nE. Pericardial\nF. Abdominal\nG. Spinal\nH. Pelvic\nI. Pleural\nJ. Cranial",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on anatomy for help.\n\nLet’s solve this problem step by step.\n\nThe pituitary gland is the major endocrine gland attached to the base of the brain, and it is contained in the Cranial cavity.\n\nThe answer is (J).",
"role": "assistant"
},
{
"content": "What is the embryological origin of the hyoid bone?\nA. The third and fourth pharyngeal arches\nB. The fourth pharyngeal arch\nC. The third pharyngeal arch\nD. The second pharyngeal arch\nE. The second, third and fourth pharyngeal arches\nF. The first pharyngeal arch\nG. The second and third pharyngeal arches\nH. The first and third pharyngeal arches\nI. The first, second and third pharyngeal arches\nJ. The first and second pharyngeal arches",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on anatomy for help.\n\nLet’s solve this problem step by step.\n\nThe hyoid bone, which is also known as the hyooid, is a a small U-shaped bone located in the anterior neck.\n\nIn its resting position, it lies between the ase of the mandible and the third cervical vertebrae.\n\nWe know that the second and the third pharyngeal arches give rise to the horns of the hyoid bone; therefore, the embryological origin of the hyoid bone are the second and the third pharyngeal arches—this information is covered in option (G).\n\nTherefore, we conclude that (G) must be the correct answer.\n\nThe answer is (G).",
"role": "assistant"
},
{
"content": "What is the difference between a male and a female catheter?\nA. Female catheters are used more frequently than male catheters.\nB. Male catheters are bigger than female catheters.\nC. Male catheters are more flexible than female catheters.\nD. Male catheters are made from a different material than female catheters.\nE. Female catheters are longer than male catheters.\nF. Male catheters are longer than female catheters.\nG. Female catheters are bigger than male catheters.\nH. Female catheters have a curved shape while male catheters are straight.\nI. Male and female catheters are different colours.\nJ. Male catheters have a smaller diameter than female catheters.",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on clinical knowledge for help.\n\nThe difference between a male and female catheter is that male catheters tend to be longer than female catheters.\n\nThe answer is (F).",
"role": "assistant"
},
{
"content": "How many attempts should you make to cannulate a patient before passing the job on to a senior colleague, according to the medical knowledge of 2020?\nA. 1\nB. Unlimited attempts\nC. 5\nD. 0, always pass on to a senior colleague\nE. 7\nF. 2\nG. 4\nH. 6\nI. 3\nJ. 8",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on clinical knowledge for help.\n\nAccording to the medical protocol as of 2020, you should make two attempts to cannulate a patient before passing the job on to a more-senior practitioner.\n\nThe answer is (F).",
"role": "assistant"
},
{
"content": "Why are parvoviruses a highly impactful parasite?\nA. They are able to alter the host's DNA\nB. Because they have no nucleic acid\nC. They can survive in extreme temperatures\nD. Only replicate in dividing cells\nE. They can infect multiple species\nF. They don't require a host to survive\nG. Can integrate into host chromosomes",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on virology for help.\n\nParoviruses are highly impactful because they do not have nucleic acid.\n\nThe answer is (B).",
"role": "assistant"
},
{
"content": "The activity of creatine kinase is:\nA. Increased when muscle pH is above 7.1.\nB. always lower in Type II fibres than Type I fibres.\nC. increased after a period of endurance training.\nD. Always the same in Type II and Type I fibres.\nE. Unchanged when muscle pH falls below 6.9.\nF. increased when intracellular ADP rises.\nG. increased when muscle pH falls below 6.9.\nH. Decreased when intracellular ADP rises.",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on biochemistry for help.\n\nCreatine kinase is an enzyme that catalyzes the transfer of phosphate groups from high-energy, phosphate-donating molecules to create phosphocreatine and ADP.\n\nWhen the body's energy needs become high (for example when the muscle is contracting under load) intracellular ADP rises, therefore, the activity of creatine kinase is increased in order to convert this high concentration of ADP into a more efficient source of energy.\n\nThe answer is (F).\n\n",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
F
|
F
| 0.997285
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"content": "The following are multiple choice questions (with answers) about health. Think step by step and then finish your answer with \"the answer is (X)\" where X is the correct letter choice.\nEach reasoning step in your response should end with two line breaks.",
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"content": "Which of the following is the body cavity that contains the pituitary gland?\nA. Ventral\nB. Dorsal\nC. Buccal\nD. Thoracic\nE. Pericardial\nF. Abdominal\nG. Spinal\nH. Pelvic\nI. Pleural\nJ. Cranial",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on anatomy for help.\n\nLet’s solve this problem step by step.\n\nThe pituitary gland is the major endocrine gland attached to the base of the brain, and it is contained in the Cranial cavity.\n\nThe answer is (J).",
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"content": "What is the embryological origin of the hyoid bone?\nA. The third and fourth pharyngeal arches\nB. The fourth pharyngeal arch\nC. The third pharyngeal arch\nD. The second pharyngeal arch\nE. The second, third and fourth pharyngeal arches\nF. The first pharyngeal arch\nG. The second and third pharyngeal arches\nH. The first and third pharyngeal arches\nI. The first, second and third pharyngeal arches\nJ. The first and second pharyngeal arches",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on anatomy for help.\n\nLet’s solve this problem step by step.\n\nThe hyoid bone, which is also known as the hyooid, is a a small U-shaped bone located in the anterior neck.\n\nIn its resting position, it lies between the ase of the mandible and the third cervical vertebrae.\n\nWe know that the second and the third pharyngeal arches give rise to the horns of the hyoid bone; therefore, the embryological origin of the hyoid bone are the second and the third pharyngeal arches—this information is covered in option (G).\n\nTherefore, we conclude that (G) must be the correct answer.\n\nThe answer is (G).",
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"content": "What is the difference between a male and a female catheter?\nA. Female catheters are used more frequently than male catheters.\nB. Male catheters are bigger than female catheters.\nC. Male catheters are more flexible than female catheters.\nD. Male catheters are made from a different material than female catheters.\nE. Female catheters are longer than male catheters.\nF. Male catheters are longer than female catheters.\nG. Female catheters are bigger than male catheters.\nH. Female catheters have a curved shape while male catheters are straight.\nI. Male and female catheters are different colours.\nJ. Male catheters have a smaller diameter than female catheters.",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on clinical knowledge for help.\n\nThe difference between a male and female catheter is that male catheters tend to be longer than female catheters.\n\nThe answer is (F).",
"role": "assistant"
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"content": "How many attempts should you make to cannulate a patient before passing the job on to a senior colleague, according to the medical knowledge of 2020?\nA. 1\nB. Unlimited attempts\nC. 5\nD. 0, always pass on to a senior colleague\nE. 7\nF. 2\nG. 4\nH. 6\nI. 3\nJ. 8",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on clinical knowledge for help.\n\nAccording to the medical protocol as of 2020, you should make two attempts to cannulate a patient before passing the job on to a more-senior practitioner.\n\nThe answer is (F).",
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"content": "Why are parvoviruses a highly impactful parasite?\nA. They are able to alter the host's DNA\nB. Because they have no nucleic acid\nC. They can survive in extreme temperatures\nD. Only replicate in dividing cells\nE. They can infect multiple species\nF. They don't require a host to survive\nG. Can integrate into host chromosomes",
"role": "user"
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on virology for help.\n\nParoviruses are highly impactful because they do not have nucleic acid.\n\nThe answer is (B).",
"role": "assistant"
},
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"content": "The activity of creatine kinase is:\nA. Increased when muscle pH is above 7.1.\nB. always lower in Type II fibres than Type I fibres.\nC. increased after a period of endurance training.\nD. Always the same in Type II and Type I fibres.\nE. Unchanged when muscle pH falls below 6.9.\nF. increased when intracellular ADP rises.\nG. increased when muscle pH falls below 6.9.\nH. Decreased when intracellular ADP rises.",
"role": "user"
},
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on biochemistry for help.\n\nCreatine kinase is an enzyme that catalyzes the transfer of a phosphate from high energy phosphates (such as ATP) to create phosphocreatine.\n\nCreatine kinase activity is related to the intracellular ADP levels; when intracellular ADP levels rise, the activity of creatine kinase increases.\n\nThe answer is (F).\n\n",
"role": "assistant"
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F
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F
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"content": "The following are multiple choice questions (with answers) about health. Think step by step and then finish your answer with \"the answer is (X)\" where X is the correct letter choice.\nEach reasoning step in your response should end with two line breaks.",
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"content": "Which of the following is the body cavity that contains the pituitary gland?\nA. Ventral\nB. Dorsal\nC. Buccal\nD. Thoracic\nE. Pericardial\nF. Abdominal\nG. Spinal\nH. Pelvic\nI. Pleural\nJ. Cranial",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on anatomy for help.\n\nLet’s solve this problem step by step.\n\nThe pituitary gland is the major endocrine gland attached to the base of the brain, and it is contained in the Cranial cavity.\n\nThe answer is (J).",
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"content": "What is the embryological origin of the hyoid bone?\nA. The third and fourth pharyngeal arches\nB. The fourth pharyngeal arch\nC. The third pharyngeal arch\nD. The second pharyngeal arch\nE. The second, third and fourth pharyngeal arches\nF. The first pharyngeal arch\nG. The second and third pharyngeal arches\nH. The first and third pharyngeal arches\nI. The first, second and third pharyngeal arches\nJ. The first and second pharyngeal arches",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on anatomy for help.\n\nLet’s solve this problem step by step.\n\nThe hyoid bone, which is also known as the hyooid, is a a small U-shaped bone located in the anterior neck.\n\nIn its resting position, it lies between the ase of the mandible and the third cervical vertebrae.\n\nWe know that the second and the third pharyngeal arches give rise to the horns of the hyoid bone; therefore, the embryological origin of the hyoid bone are the second and the third pharyngeal arches—this information is covered in option (G).\n\nTherefore, we conclude that (G) must be the correct answer.\n\nThe answer is (G).",
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"content": "What is the difference between a male and a female catheter?\nA. Female catheters are used more frequently than male catheters.\nB. Male catheters are bigger than female catheters.\nC. Male catheters are more flexible than female catheters.\nD. Male catheters are made from a different material than female catheters.\nE. Female catheters are longer than male catheters.\nF. Male catheters are longer than female catheters.\nG. Female catheters are bigger than male catheters.\nH. Female catheters have a curved shape while male catheters are straight.\nI. Male and female catheters are different colours.\nJ. Male catheters have a smaller diameter than female catheters.",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on clinical knowledge for help.\n\nThe difference between a male and female catheter is that male catheters tend to be longer than female catheters.\n\nThe answer is (F).",
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"content": "How many attempts should you make to cannulate a patient before passing the job on to a senior colleague, according to the medical knowledge of 2020?\nA. 1\nB. Unlimited attempts\nC. 5\nD. 0, always pass on to a senior colleague\nE. 7\nF. 2\nG. 4\nH. 6\nI. 3\nJ. 8",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on clinical knowledge for help.\n\nAccording to the medical protocol as of 2020, you should make two attempts to cannulate a patient before passing the job on to a more-senior practitioner.\n\nThe answer is (F).",
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"content": "Why are parvoviruses a highly impactful parasite?\nA. They are able to alter the host's DNA\nB. Because they have no nucleic acid\nC. They can survive in extreme temperatures\nD. Only replicate in dividing cells\nE. They can infect multiple species\nF. They don't require a host to survive\nG. Can integrate into host chromosomes",
"role": "user"
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on virology for help.\n\nParoviruses are highly impactful because they do not have nucleic acid.\n\nThe answer is (B).",
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"content": "The activity of creatine kinase is:\nA. Increased when muscle pH is above 7.1.\nB. always lower in Type II fibres than Type I fibres.\nC. increased after a period of endurance training.\nD. Always the same in Type II and Type I fibres.\nE. Unchanged when muscle pH falls below 6.9.\nF. increased when intracellular ADP rises.\nG. increased when muscle pH falls below 6.9.\nH. Decreased when intracellular ADP rises.",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on biochemistry for help.\n\nCreatine kinase (also known as CK) is a crucial enzyme that catalyzes the reversible conversion of creatine and ATP to phosphocreatine and ADP.\n\nThis process is crucial for energy metabolism in muscle cells, and it's a key factor in muscle contraction. \n\nWhen intracellular ADP (energy waste) rises, it triggers a response to restore energy supplies in the cell, and therefore the activity of creatine kinase is increased when intracellular ADP rises.\n\nThe answer is (F).\n\n",
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"content": "The following are multiple choice questions (with answers) about health. Think step by step and then finish your answer with \"the answer is (X)\" where X is the correct letter choice.\nEach reasoning step in your response should end with two line breaks.",
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"content": "Which of the following is the body cavity that contains the pituitary gland?\nA. Ventral\nB. Dorsal\nC. Buccal\nD. Thoracic\nE. Pericardial\nF. Abdominal\nG. Spinal\nH. Pelvic\nI. Pleural\nJ. Cranial",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on anatomy for help.\n\nLet’s solve this problem step by step.\n\nThe pituitary gland is the major endocrine gland attached to the base of the brain, and it is contained in the Cranial cavity.\n\nThe answer is (J).",
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"content": "What is the embryological origin of the hyoid bone?\nA. The third and fourth pharyngeal arches\nB. The fourth pharyngeal arch\nC. The third pharyngeal arch\nD. The second pharyngeal arch\nE. The second, third and fourth pharyngeal arches\nF. The first pharyngeal arch\nG. The second and third pharyngeal arches\nH. The first and third pharyngeal arches\nI. The first, second and third pharyngeal arches\nJ. The first and second pharyngeal arches",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on anatomy for help.\n\nLet’s solve this problem step by step.\n\nThe hyoid bone, which is also known as the hyooid, is a a small U-shaped bone located in the anterior neck.\n\nIn its resting position, it lies between the ase of the mandible and the third cervical vertebrae.\n\nWe know that the second and the third pharyngeal arches give rise to the horns of the hyoid bone; therefore, the embryological origin of the hyoid bone are the second and the third pharyngeal arches—this information is covered in option (G).\n\nTherefore, we conclude that (G) must be the correct answer.\n\nThe answer is (G).",
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"content": "What is the difference between a male and a female catheter?\nA. Female catheters are used more frequently than male catheters.\nB. Male catheters are bigger than female catheters.\nC. Male catheters are more flexible than female catheters.\nD. Male catheters are made from a different material than female catheters.\nE. Female catheters are longer than male catheters.\nF. Male catheters are longer than female catheters.\nG. Female catheters are bigger than male catheters.\nH. Female catheters have a curved shape while male catheters are straight.\nI. Male and female catheters are different colours.\nJ. Male catheters have a smaller diameter than female catheters.",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on clinical knowledge for help.\n\nThe difference between a male and female catheter is that male catheters tend to be longer than female catheters.\n\nThe answer is (F).",
"role": "assistant"
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"content": "How many attempts should you make to cannulate a patient before passing the job on to a senior colleague, according to the medical knowledge of 2020?\nA. 1\nB. Unlimited attempts\nC. 5\nD. 0, always pass on to a senior colleague\nE. 7\nF. 2\nG. 4\nH. 6\nI. 3\nJ. 8",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on clinical knowledge for help.\n\nAccording to the medical protocol as of 2020, you should make two attempts to cannulate a patient before passing the job on to a more-senior practitioner.\n\nThe answer is (F).",
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"content": "Why are parvoviruses a highly impactful parasite?\nA. They are able to alter the host's DNA\nB. Because they have no nucleic acid\nC. They can survive in extreme temperatures\nD. Only replicate in dividing cells\nE. They can infect multiple species\nF. They don't require a host to survive\nG. Can integrate into host chromosomes",
"role": "user"
},
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on virology for help.\n\nParoviruses are highly impactful because they do not have nucleic acid.\n\nThe answer is (B).",
"role": "assistant"
},
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"content": "The activity of creatine kinase is:\nA. Increased when muscle pH is above 7.1.\nB. always lower in Type II fibres than Type I fibres.\nC. increased after a period of endurance training.\nD. Always the same in Type II and Type I fibres.\nE. Unchanged when muscle pH falls below 6.9.\nF. increased when intracellular ADP rises.\nG. increased when muscle pH falls below 6.9.\nH. Decreased when intracellular ADP rises.",
"role": "user"
},
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on biochemistry for help.\n\nCreatine kinase is an enzyme that catalyzes the transfer of phosphate from high-energy, phosphate-donating molecules to create phosphocreatine and ADP.\n\nThe activity of creatine kinase is increased when intracellular ADP rises, as this indicates a need to rapidly replenish ATP stores by generating phosphocreatine.\n\nThe answer is (F).\n\n",
"role": "assistant"
}
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F
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F
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"content": "The following are multiple choice questions (with answers) about health. Think step by step and then finish your answer with \"the answer is (X)\" where X is the correct letter choice.\nEach reasoning step in your response should end with two line breaks.",
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"content": "Which of the following is the body cavity that contains the pituitary gland?\nA. Ventral\nB. Dorsal\nC. Buccal\nD. Thoracic\nE. Pericardial\nF. Abdominal\nG. Spinal\nH. Pelvic\nI. Pleural\nJ. Cranial",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on anatomy for help.\n\nLet’s solve this problem step by step.\n\nThe pituitary gland is the major endocrine gland attached to the base of the brain, and it is contained in the Cranial cavity.\n\nThe answer is (J).",
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"content": "What is the embryological origin of the hyoid bone?\nA. The third and fourth pharyngeal arches\nB. The fourth pharyngeal arch\nC. The third pharyngeal arch\nD. The second pharyngeal arch\nE. The second, third and fourth pharyngeal arches\nF. The first pharyngeal arch\nG. The second and third pharyngeal arches\nH. The first and third pharyngeal arches\nI. The first, second and third pharyngeal arches\nJ. The first and second pharyngeal arches",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on anatomy for help.\n\nLet’s solve this problem step by step.\n\nThe hyoid bone, which is also known as the hyooid, is a a small U-shaped bone located in the anterior neck.\n\nIn its resting position, it lies between the ase of the mandible and the third cervical vertebrae.\n\nWe know that the second and the third pharyngeal arches give rise to the horns of the hyoid bone; therefore, the embryological origin of the hyoid bone are the second and the third pharyngeal arches—this information is covered in option (G).\n\nTherefore, we conclude that (G) must be the correct answer.\n\nThe answer is (G).",
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"content": "What is the difference between a male and a female catheter?\nA. Female catheters are used more frequently than male catheters.\nB. Male catheters are bigger than female catheters.\nC. Male catheters are more flexible than female catheters.\nD. Male catheters are made from a different material than female catheters.\nE. Female catheters are longer than male catheters.\nF. Male catheters are longer than female catheters.\nG. Female catheters are bigger than male catheters.\nH. Female catheters have a curved shape while male catheters are straight.\nI. Male and female catheters are different colours.\nJ. Male catheters have a smaller diameter than female catheters.",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on clinical knowledge for help.\n\nThe difference between a male and female catheter is that male catheters tend to be longer than female catheters.\n\nThe answer is (F).",
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"content": "How many attempts should you make to cannulate a patient before passing the job on to a senior colleague, according to the medical knowledge of 2020?\nA. 1\nB. Unlimited attempts\nC. 5\nD. 0, always pass on to a senior colleague\nE. 7\nF. 2\nG. 4\nH. 6\nI. 3\nJ. 8",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on clinical knowledge for help.\n\nAccording to the medical protocol as of 2020, you should make two attempts to cannulate a patient before passing the job on to a more-senior practitioner.\n\nThe answer is (F).",
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"content": "Why are parvoviruses a highly impactful parasite?\nA. They are able to alter the host's DNA\nB. Because they have no nucleic acid\nC. They can survive in extreme temperatures\nD. Only replicate in dividing cells\nE. They can infect multiple species\nF. They don't require a host to survive\nG. Can integrate into host chromosomes",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on virology for help.\n\nParoviruses are highly impactful because they do not have nucleic acid.\n\nThe answer is (B).",
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"content": "The activity of creatine kinase is:\nA. Increased when muscle pH is above 7.1.\nB. always lower in Type II fibres than Type I fibres.\nC. increased after a period of endurance training.\nD. Always the same in Type II and Type I fibres.\nE. Unchanged when muscle pH falls below 6.9.\nF. increased when intracellular ADP rises.\nG. increased when muscle pH falls below 6.9.\nH. Decreased when intracellular ADP rises.",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on biochemistry for help.\n\nCreatine Kinase (CK) is an enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of creatine to phosphocreatine. This reaction is important in muscle cells, as it helps to rapidly replenish ATP levels (especially during high-intensity exercise).\n\nCK activity is increased when intracellular ADP rises, because the enzyme is involved in replenishing ATP stores.\n\nThe answer is (F).\n\n",
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{
"content": "The following are multiple choice questions (with answers) about health. Think step by step and then finish your answer with \"the answer is (X)\" where X is the correct letter choice.\nEach reasoning step in your response should end with two line breaks.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "Which of the following is the body cavity that contains the pituitary gland?\nA. Ventral\nB. Dorsal\nC. Buccal\nD. Thoracic\nE. Pericardial\nF. Abdominal\nG. Spinal\nH. Pelvic\nI. Pleural\nJ. Cranial",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on anatomy for help.\n\nLet’s solve this problem step by step.\n\nThe pituitary gland is the major endocrine gland attached to the base of the brain, and it is contained in the Cranial cavity.\n\nThe answer is (J).",
"role": "assistant"
},
{
"content": "What is the embryological origin of the hyoid bone?\nA. The third and fourth pharyngeal arches\nB. The fourth pharyngeal arch\nC. The third pharyngeal arch\nD. The second pharyngeal arch\nE. The second, third and fourth pharyngeal arches\nF. The first pharyngeal arch\nG. The second and third pharyngeal arches\nH. The first and third pharyngeal arches\nI. The first, second and third pharyngeal arches\nJ. The first and second pharyngeal arches",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on anatomy for help.\n\nLet’s solve this problem step by step.\n\nThe hyoid bone, which is also known as the hyooid, is a a small U-shaped bone located in the anterior neck.\n\nIn its resting position, it lies between the ase of the mandible and the third cervical vertebrae.\n\nWe know that the second and the third pharyngeal arches give rise to the horns of the hyoid bone; therefore, the embryological origin of the hyoid bone are the second and the third pharyngeal arches—this information is covered in option (G).\n\nTherefore, we conclude that (G) must be the correct answer.\n\nThe answer is (G).",
"role": "assistant"
},
{
"content": "What is the difference between a male and a female catheter?\nA. Female catheters are used more frequently than male catheters.\nB. Male catheters are bigger than female catheters.\nC. Male catheters are more flexible than female catheters.\nD. Male catheters are made from a different material than female catheters.\nE. Female catheters are longer than male catheters.\nF. Male catheters are longer than female catheters.\nG. Female catheters are bigger than male catheters.\nH. Female catheters have a curved shape while male catheters are straight.\nI. Male and female catheters are different colours.\nJ. Male catheters have a smaller diameter than female catheters.",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on clinical knowledge for help.\n\nThe difference between a male and female catheter is that male catheters tend to be longer than female catheters.\n\nThe answer is (F).",
"role": "assistant"
},
{
"content": "How many attempts should you make to cannulate a patient before passing the job on to a senior colleague, according to the medical knowledge of 2020?\nA. 1\nB. Unlimited attempts\nC. 5\nD. 0, always pass on to a senior colleague\nE. 7\nF. 2\nG. 4\nH. 6\nI. 3\nJ. 8",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on clinical knowledge for help.\n\nAccording to the medical protocol as of 2020, you should make two attempts to cannulate a patient before passing the job on to a more-senior practitioner.\n\nThe answer is (F).",
"role": "assistant"
},
{
"content": "Why are parvoviruses a highly impactful parasite?\nA. They are able to alter the host's DNA\nB. Because they have no nucleic acid\nC. They can survive in extreme temperatures\nD. Only replicate in dividing cells\nE. They can infect multiple species\nF. They don't require a host to survive\nG. Can integrate into host chromosomes",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on virology for help.\n\nParoviruses are highly impactful because they do not have nucleic acid.\n\nThe answer is (B).",
"role": "assistant"
},
{
"content": "The activity of creatine kinase is:\nA. Increased when muscle pH is above 7.1.\nB. always lower in Type II fibres than Type I fibres.\nC. increased after a period of endurance training.\nD. Always the same in Type II and Type I fibres.\nE. Unchanged when muscle pH falls below 6.9.\nF. increased when intracellular ADP rises.\nG. increased when muscle pH falls below 6.9.\nH. Decreased when intracellular ADP rises.",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on biochemistry for help.\n\nCreatine kinase is a crucial enzyme in the muscle, which catalyzes the transfer of phosphate groups from high-energy, phosphate-donating molecules to create phosphocreatine (PCr) and ADP.\n\nIt is known that the activity of creatine kinase is increased when intracellular ADP rises because this allows the muscle to rapidly regenerate ATP from ADP.\n\nThe answer is (F).\n\n",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
F
|
F
| 0.997884
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{
"content": "The following are multiple choice questions (with answers) about health. Think step by step and then finish your answer with \"the answer is (X)\" where X is the correct letter choice.\nEach reasoning step in your response should end with two line breaks.",
"role": "system"
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"content": "Which of the following is the body cavity that contains the pituitary gland?\nA. Ventral\nB. Dorsal\nC. Buccal\nD. Thoracic\nE. Pericardial\nF. Abdominal\nG. Spinal\nH. Pelvic\nI. Pleural\nJ. Cranial",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on anatomy for help.\n\nLet’s solve this problem step by step.\n\nThe pituitary gland is the major endocrine gland attached to the base of the brain, and it is contained in the Cranial cavity.\n\nThe answer is (J).",
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"content": "What is the embryological origin of the hyoid bone?\nA. The third and fourth pharyngeal arches\nB. The fourth pharyngeal arch\nC. The third pharyngeal arch\nD. The second pharyngeal arch\nE. The second, third and fourth pharyngeal arches\nF. The first pharyngeal arch\nG. The second and third pharyngeal arches\nH. The first and third pharyngeal arches\nI. The first, second and third pharyngeal arches\nJ. The first and second pharyngeal arches",
"role": "user"
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on anatomy for help.\n\nLet’s solve this problem step by step.\n\nThe hyoid bone, which is also known as the hyooid, is a a small U-shaped bone located in the anterior neck.\n\nIn its resting position, it lies between the ase of the mandible and the third cervical vertebrae.\n\nWe know that the second and the third pharyngeal arches give rise to the horns of the hyoid bone; therefore, the embryological origin of the hyoid bone are the second and the third pharyngeal arches—this information is covered in option (G).\n\nTherefore, we conclude that (G) must be the correct answer.\n\nThe answer is (G).",
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"content": "What is the difference between a male and a female catheter?\nA. Female catheters are used more frequently than male catheters.\nB. Male catheters are bigger than female catheters.\nC. Male catheters are more flexible than female catheters.\nD. Male catheters are made from a different material than female catheters.\nE. Female catheters are longer than male catheters.\nF. Male catheters are longer than female catheters.\nG. Female catheters are bigger than male catheters.\nH. Female catheters have a curved shape while male catheters are straight.\nI. Male and female catheters are different colours.\nJ. Male catheters have a smaller diameter than female catheters.",
"role": "user"
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on clinical knowledge for help.\n\nThe difference between a male and female catheter is that male catheters tend to be longer than female catheters.\n\nThe answer is (F).",
"role": "assistant"
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"content": "How many attempts should you make to cannulate a patient before passing the job on to a senior colleague, according to the medical knowledge of 2020?\nA. 1\nB. Unlimited attempts\nC. 5\nD. 0, always pass on to a senior colleague\nE. 7\nF. 2\nG. 4\nH. 6\nI. 3\nJ. 8",
"role": "user"
},
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on clinical knowledge for help.\n\nAccording to the medical protocol as of 2020, you should make two attempts to cannulate a patient before passing the job on to a more-senior practitioner.\n\nThe answer is (F).",
"role": "assistant"
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"content": "Why are parvoviruses a highly impactful parasite?\nA. They are able to alter the host's DNA\nB. Because they have no nucleic acid\nC. They can survive in extreme temperatures\nD. Only replicate in dividing cells\nE. They can infect multiple species\nF. They don't require a host to survive\nG. Can integrate into host chromosomes",
"role": "user"
},
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on virology for help.\n\nParoviruses are highly impactful because they do not have nucleic acid.\n\nThe answer is (B).",
"role": "assistant"
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"content": "The activity of creatine kinase is:\nA. Increased when muscle pH is above 7.1.\nB. always lower in Type II fibres than Type I fibres.\nC. increased after a period of endurance training.\nD. Always the same in Type II and Type I fibres.\nE. Unchanged when muscle pH falls below 6.9.\nF. increased when intracellular ADP rises.\nG. increased when muscle pH falls below 6.9.\nH. Decreased when intracellular ADP rises.",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on biochemistry for help.\n\nCreatine kinase (also known as CK) is a crucial enzyme that catalyzes the reversible conversion of creatine and ATP to phosphocreatine and ADP.\n\nThis process is crucial for energy metabolism in muscle cells, and it's a key factor in muscle contraction. \n\nWhen intracellular ADP (energy waste) rises, it triggers a response to restore energy supplies in the cell, and therefore the activity of creatine kinase is increased when intracellular ADP rises.\n\nThe answer is (F).\n\n",
"role": "assistant"
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F
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F
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"content": "The following are multiple choice questions (with answers) about health. Think step by step and then finish your answer with \"the answer is (X)\" where X is the correct letter choice.\nEach reasoning step in your response should end with two line breaks.",
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"content": "Which of the following is the body cavity that contains the pituitary gland?\nA. Ventral\nB. Dorsal\nC. Buccal\nD. Thoracic\nE. Pericardial\nF. Abdominal\nG. Spinal\nH. Pelvic\nI. Pleural\nJ. Cranial",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on anatomy for help.\n\nLet’s solve this problem step by step.\n\nThe pituitary gland is the major endocrine gland attached to the base of the brain, and it is contained in the Cranial cavity.\n\nThe answer is (J).",
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"content": "What is the embryological origin of the hyoid bone?\nA. The third and fourth pharyngeal arches\nB. The fourth pharyngeal arch\nC. The third pharyngeal arch\nD. The second pharyngeal arch\nE. The second, third and fourth pharyngeal arches\nF. The first pharyngeal arch\nG. The second and third pharyngeal arches\nH. The first and third pharyngeal arches\nI. The first, second and third pharyngeal arches\nJ. The first and second pharyngeal arches",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on anatomy for help.\n\nLet’s solve this problem step by step.\n\nThe hyoid bone, which is also known as the hyooid, is a a small U-shaped bone located in the anterior neck.\n\nIn its resting position, it lies between the ase of the mandible and the third cervical vertebrae.\n\nWe know that the second and the third pharyngeal arches give rise to the horns of the hyoid bone; therefore, the embryological origin of the hyoid bone are the second and the third pharyngeal arches—this information is covered in option (G).\n\nTherefore, we conclude that (G) must be the correct answer.\n\nThe answer is (G).",
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"content": "What is the difference between a male and a female catheter?\nA. Female catheters are used more frequently than male catheters.\nB. Male catheters are bigger than female catheters.\nC. Male catheters are more flexible than female catheters.\nD. Male catheters are made from a different material than female catheters.\nE. Female catheters are longer than male catheters.\nF. Male catheters are longer than female catheters.\nG. Female catheters are bigger than male catheters.\nH. Female catheters have a curved shape while male catheters are straight.\nI. Male and female catheters are different colours.\nJ. Male catheters have a smaller diameter than female catheters.",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on clinical knowledge for help.\n\nThe difference between a male and female catheter is that male catheters tend to be longer than female catheters.\n\nThe answer is (F).",
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"content": "How many attempts should you make to cannulate a patient before passing the job on to a senior colleague, according to the medical knowledge of 2020?\nA. 1\nB. Unlimited attempts\nC. 5\nD. 0, always pass on to a senior colleague\nE. 7\nF. 2\nG. 4\nH. 6\nI. 3\nJ. 8",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on clinical knowledge for help.\n\nAccording to the medical protocol as of 2020, you should make two attempts to cannulate a patient before passing the job on to a more-senior practitioner.\n\nThe answer is (F).",
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"content": "Why are parvoviruses a highly impactful parasite?\nA. They are able to alter the host's DNA\nB. Because they have no nucleic acid\nC. They can survive in extreme temperatures\nD. Only replicate in dividing cells\nE. They can infect multiple species\nF. They don't require a host to survive\nG. Can integrate into host chromosomes",
"role": "user"
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on virology for help.\n\nParoviruses are highly impactful because they do not have nucleic acid.\n\nThe answer is (B).",
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"content": "The activity of creatine kinase is:\nA. Increased when muscle pH is above 7.1.\nB. always lower in Type II fibres than Type I fibres.\nC. increased after a period of endurance training.\nD. Always the same in Type II and Type I fibres.\nE. Unchanged when muscle pH falls below 6.9.\nF. increased when intracellular ADP rises.\nG. increased when muscle pH falls below 6.9.\nH. Decreased when intracellular ADP rises.",
"role": "user"
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on biochemistry for help.\n\nCreatine kinase is an enzyme that catalyzes the reversible transfer of a phosphate group from high-energy, phosphate-donating molecules to create phosphocreatine and ADP.\n\nThe activity of creatine kinase is increased when intracellular ADP rises, meaning that when the ATP / ADP ratio falls, which is often the case during intense exercise, the creatine kinase works faster to create more phosphocreatine.\n\nThe answer is (F).\n\n",
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{
"content": "The following are multiple choice questions (with answers) about health. Think step by step and then finish your answer with \"the answer is (X)\" where X is the correct letter choice.\nEach reasoning step in your response should end with two line breaks.",
"role": "system"
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"content": "Which of the following is the body cavity that contains the pituitary gland?\nA. Ventral\nB. Dorsal\nC. Buccal\nD. Thoracic\nE. Pericardial\nF. Abdominal\nG. Spinal\nH. Pelvic\nI. Pleural\nJ. Cranial",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on anatomy for help.\n\nLet’s solve this problem step by step.\n\nThe pituitary gland is the major endocrine gland attached to the base of the brain, and it is contained in the Cranial cavity.\n\nThe answer is (J).",
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"content": "What is the embryological origin of the hyoid bone?\nA. The third and fourth pharyngeal arches\nB. The fourth pharyngeal arch\nC. The third pharyngeal arch\nD. The second pharyngeal arch\nE. The second, third and fourth pharyngeal arches\nF. The first pharyngeal arch\nG. The second and third pharyngeal arches\nH. The first and third pharyngeal arches\nI. The first, second and third pharyngeal arches\nJ. The first and second pharyngeal arches",
"role": "user"
},
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on anatomy for help.\n\nLet’s solve this problem step by step.\n\nThe hyoid bone, which is also known as the hyooid, is a a small U-shaped bone located in the anterior neck.\n\nIn its resting position, it lies between the ase of the mandible and the third cervical vertebrae.\n\nWe know that the second and the third pharyngeal arches give rise to the horns of the hyoid bone; therefore, the embryological origin of the hyoid bone are the second and the third pharyngeal arches—this information is covered in option (G).\n\nTherefore, we conclude that (G) must be the correct answer.\n\nThe answer is (G).",
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"content": "What is the difference between a male and a female catheter?\nA. Female catheters are used more frequently than male catheters.\nB. Male catheters are bigger than female catheters.\nC. Male catheters are more flexible than female catheters.\nD. Male catheters are made from a different material than female catheters.\nE. Female catheters are longer than male catheters.\nF. Male catheters are longer than female catheters.\nG. Female catheters are bigger than male catheters.\nH. Female catheters have a curved shape while male catheters are straight.\nI. Male and female catheters are different colours.\nJ. Male catheters have a smaller diameter than female catheters.",
"role": "user"
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on clinical knowledge for help.\n\nThe difference between a male and female catheter is that male catheters tend to be longer than female catheters.\n\nThe answer is (F).",
"role": "assistant"
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"content": "How many attempts should you make to cannulate a patient before passing the job on to a senior colleague, according to the medical knowledge of 2020?\nA. 1\nB. Unlimited attempts\nC. 5\nD. 0, always pass on to a senior colleague\nE. 7\nF. 2\nG. 4\nH. 6\nI. 3\nJ. 8",
"role": "user"
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on clinical knowledge for help.\n\nAccording to the medical protocol as of 2020, you should make two attempts to cannulate a patient before passing the job on to a more-senior practitioner.\n\nThe answer is (F).",
"role": "assistant"
},
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"content": "Why are parvoviruses a highly impactful parasite?\nA. They are able to alter the host's DNA\nB. Because they have no nucleic acid\nC. They can survive in extreme temperatures\nD. Only replicate in dividing cells\nE. They can infect multiple species\nF. They don't require a host to survive\nG. Can integrate into host chromosomes",
"role": "user"
},
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on virology for help.\n\nParoviruses are highly impactful because they do not have nucleic acid.\n\nThe answer is (B).",
"role": "assistant"
},
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"content": "The activity of creatine kinase is:\nA. Increased when muscle pH is above 7.1.\nB. always lower in Type II fibres than Type I fibres.\nC. increased after a period of endurance training.\nD. Always the same in Type II and Type I fibres.\nE. Unchanged when muscle pH falls below 6.9.\nF. increased when intracellular ADP rises.\nG. increased when muscle pH falls below 6.9.\nH. Decreased when intracellular ADP rises.",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on biochemistry for help.\n\nCreatine kinase is an enzyme that catalyzes the transfer of phosphate groups from high-energy, phosphate-donating molecules to create phosphocreatine and ADP.\n\nWhen the body's energy needs become high (for example when the muscle is contracting under load) intracellular ADP rises, therefore, the activity of creatine kinase is increased in order to convert this high concentration of ADP into a more efficient source of energy.\n\nThe answer is (F).\n\n",
"role": "assistant"
}
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F
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F
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"content": "The following are multiple choice questions (with answers) about health. Think step by step and then finish your answer with \"the answer is (X)\" where X is the correct letter choice.\nEach reasoning step in your response should end with two line breaks.",
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"content": "Which of the following is the body cavity that contains the pituitary gland?\nA. Ventral\nB. Dorsal\nC. Buccal\nD. Thoracic\nE. Pericardial\nF. Abdominal\nG. Spinal\nH. Pelvic\nI. Pleural\nJ. Cranial",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on anatomy for help.\n\nLet’s solve this problem step by step.\n\nThe pituitary gland is the major endocrine gland attached to the base of the brain, and it is contained in the Cranial cavity.\n\nThe answer is (J).",
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"content": "What is the embryological origin of the hyoid bone?\nA. The third and fourth pharyngeal arches\nB. The fourth pharyngeal arch\nC. The third pharyngeal arch\nD. The second pharyngeal arch\nE. The second, third and fourth pharyngeal arches\nF. The first pharyngeal arch\nG. The second and third pharyngeal arches\nH. The first and third pharyngeal arches\nI. The first, second and third pharyngeal arches\nJ. The first and second pharyngeal arches",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on anatomy for help.\n\nLet’s solve this problem step by step.\n\nThe hyoid bone, which is also known as the hyooid, is a a small U-shaped bone located in the anterior neck.\n\nIn its resting position, it lies between the ase of the mandible and the third cervical vertebrae.\n\nWe know that the second and the third pharyngeal arches give rise to the horns of the hyoid bone; therefore, the embryological origin of the hyoid bone are the second and the third pharyngeal arches—this information is covered in option (G).\n\nTherefore, we conclude that (G) must be the correct answer.\n\nThe answer is (G).",
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"content": "What is the difference between a male and a female catheter?\nA. Female catheters are used more frequently than male catheters.\nB. Male catheters are bigger than female catheters.\nC. Male catheters are more flexible than female catheters.\nD. Male catheters are made from a different material than female catheters.\nE. Female catheters are longer than male catheters.\nF. Male catheters are longer than female catheters.\nG. Female catheters are bigger than male catheters.\nH. Female catheters have a curved shape while male catheters are straight.\nI. Male and female catheters are different colours.\nJ. Male catheters have a smaller diameter than female catheters.",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on clinical knowledge for help.\n\nThe difference between a male and female catheter is that male catheters tend to be longer than female catheters.\n\nThe answer is (F).",
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"content": "How many attempts should you make to cannulate a patient before passing the job on to a senior colleague, according to the medical knowledge of 2020?\nA. 1\nB. Unlimited attempts\nC. 5\nD. 0, always pass on to a senior colleague\nE. 7\nF. 2\nG. 4\nH. 6\nI. 3\nJ. 8",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on clinical knowledge for help.\n\nAccording to the medical protocol as of 2020, you should make two attempts to cannulate a patient before passing the job on to a more-senior practitioner.\n\nThe answer is (F).",
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"content": "Why are parvoviruses a highly impactful parasite?\nA. They are able to alter the host's DNA\nB. Because they have no nucleic acid\nC. They can survive in extreme temperatures\nD. Only replicate in dividing cells\nE. They can infect multiple species\nF. They don't require a host to survive\nG. Can integrate into host chromosomes",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on virology for help.\n\nParoviruses are highly impactful because they do not have nucleic acid.\n\nThe answer is (B).",
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"content": "The activity of creatine kinase is:\nA. Increased when muscle pH is above 7.1.\nB. always lower in Type II fibres than Type I fibres.\nC. increased after a period of endurance training.\nD. Always the same in Type II and Type I fibres.\nE. Unchanged when muscle pH falls below 6.9.\nF. increased when intracellular ADP rises.\nG. increased when muscle pH falls below 6.9.\nH. Decreased when intracellular ADP rises.",
"role": "user"
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on biochemistry for help.\n\nLet’s solve this problem step by step.\n\nCreatine kinase is an enzyme involved in the phosphocreatine shuttle, which helps in the rapid replenishment of ATP in muscles.\n\nThe activity of creatine kinase is increased when intracellular ADP rises, as it works to replenish ATP from ADP using phosphocreatine.\n\nTherefore, the relationship between creatine kinase activity and intracellular ADP is the correct answer.\n\nThe answer is (F).",
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"content": "The following are multiple choice questions (with answers) about health. Think step by step and then finish your answer with \"the answer is (X)\" where X is the correct letter choice.\nEach reasoning step in your response should end with two line breaks.",
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"content": "Which of the following is the body cavity that contains the pituitary gland?\nA. Ventral\nB. Dorsal\nC. Buccal\nD. Thoracic\nE. Pericardial\nF. Abdominal\nG. Spinal\nH. Pelvic\nI. Pleural\nJ. Cranial",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on anatomy for help.\n\nLet’s solve this problem step by step.\n\nThe pituitary gland is the major endocrine gland attached to the base of the brain, and it is contained in the Cranial cavity.\n\nThe answer is (J).",
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"content": "What is the embryological origin of the hyoid bone?\nA. The third and fourth pharyngeal arches\nB. The fourth pharyngeal arch\nC. The third pharyngeal arch\nD. The second pharyngeal arch\nE. The second, third and fourth pharyngeal arches\nF. The first pharyngeal arch\nG. The second and third pharyngeal arches\nH. The first and third pharyngeal arches\nI. The first, second and third pharyngeal arches\nJ. The first and second pharyngeal arches",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on anatomy for help.\n\nLet’s solve this problem step by step.\n\nThe hyoid bone, which is also known as the hyooid, is a a small U-shaped bone located in the anterior neck.\n\nIn its resting position, it lies between the ase of the mandible and the third cervical vertebrae.\n\nWe know that the second and the third pharyngeal arches give rise to the horns of the hyoid bone; therefore, the embryological origin of the hyoid bone are the second and the third pharyngeal arches—this information is covered in option (G).\n\nTherefore, we conclude that (G) must be the correct answer.\n\nThe answer is (G).",
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"content": "What is the difference between a male and a female catheter?\nA. Female catheters are used more frequently than male catheters.\nB. Male catheters are bigger than female catheters.\nC. Male catheters are more flexible than female catheters.\nD. Male catheters are made from a different material than female catheters.\nE. Female catheters are longer than male catheters.\nF. Male catheters are longer than female catheters.\nG. Female catheters are bigger than male catheters.\nH. Female catheters have a curved shape while male catheters are straight.\nI. Male and female catheters are different colours.\nJ. Male catheters have a smaller diameter than female catheters.",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on clinical knowledge for help.\n\nThe difference between a male and female catheter is that male catheters tend to be longer than female catheters.\n\nThe answer is (F).",
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"content": "How many attempts should you make to cannulate a patient before passing the job on to a senior colleague, according to the medical knowledge of 2020?\nA. 1\nB. Unlimited attempts\nC. 5\nD. 0, always pass on to a senior colleague\nE. 7\nF. 2\nG. 4\nH. 6\nI. 3\nJ. 8",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on clinical knowledge for help.\n\nAccording to the medical protocol as of 2020, you should make two attempts to cannulate a patient before passing the job on to a more-senior practitioner.\n\nThe answer is (F).",
"role": "assistant"
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"content": "Why are parvoviruses a highly impactful parasite?\nA. They are able to alter the host's DNA\nB. Because they have no nucleic acid\nC. They can survive in extreme temperatures\nD. Only replicate in dividing cells\nE. They can infect multiple species\nF. They don't require a host to survive\nG. Can integrate into host chromosomes",
"role": "user"
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on virology for help.\n\nParoviruses are highly impactful because they do not have nucleic acid.\n\nThe answer is (B).",
"role": "assistant"
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"content": "The activity of creatine kinase is:\nA. Increased when muscle pH is above 7.1.\nB. always lower in Type II fibres than Type I fibres.\nC. increased after a period of endurance training.\nD. Always the same in Type II and Type I fibres.\nE. Unchanged when muscle pH falls below 6.9.\nF. increased when intracellular ADP rises.\nG. increased when muscle pH falls below 6.9.\nH. Decreased when intracellular ADP rises.",
"role": "user"
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on biochemistry for help.\n\nCreatine kinase is an enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of creatine and ATP to phosphocreatine and ADP. \n\nThis enzyme is highly active in muscle cells. The enzyme's activity is increased when intracellular ADP rises, since it is required for the regeneration of ATP from phosphocreatine in muscle cells.\n\nThe answer is (F).\n\n",
"role": "assistant"
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F
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F
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"content": "The following are multiple choice questions (with answers) about health. Think step by step and then finish your answer with \"the answer is (X)\" where X is the correct letter choice.\nEach reasoning step in your response should end with two line breaks.",
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"content": "Which of the following is the body cavity that contains the pituitary gland?\nA. Ventral\nB. Dorsal\nC. Buccal\nD. Thoracic\nE. Pericardial\nF. Abdominal\nG. Spinal\nH. Pelvic\nI. Pleural\nJ. Cranial",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on anatomy for help.\n\nLet’s solve this problem step by step.\n\nThe pituitary gland is the major endocrine gland attached to the base of the brain, and it is contained in the Cranial cavity.\n\nThe answer is (J).",
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"content": "What is the embryological origin of the hyoid bone?\nA. The third and fourth pharyngeal arches\nB. The fourth pharyngeal arch\nC. The third pharyngeal arch\nD. The second pharyngeal arch\nE. The second, third and fourth pharyngeal arches\nF. The first pharyngeal arch\nG. The second and third pharyngeal arches\nH. The first and third pharyngeal arches\nI. The first, second and third pharyngeal arches\nJ. The first and second pharyngeal arches",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on anatomy for help.\n\nLet’s solve this problem step by step.\n\nThe hyoid bone, which is also known as the hyooid, is a a small U-shaped bone located in the anterior neck.\n\nIn its resting position, it lies between the ase of the mandible and the third cervical vertebrae.\n\nWe know that the second and the third pharyngeal arches give rise to the horns of the hyoid bone; therefore, the embryological origin of the hyoid bone are the second and the third pharyngeal arches—this information is covered in option (G).\n\nTherefore, we conclude that (G) must be the correct answer.\n\nThe answer is (G).",
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"content": "What is the difference between a male and a female catheter?\nA. Female catheters are used more frequently than male catheters.\nB. Male catheters are bigger than female catheters.\nC. Male catheters are more flexible than female catheters.\nD. Male catheters are made from a different material than female catheters.\nE. Female catheters are longer than male catheters.\nF. Male catheters are longer than female catheters.\nG. Female catheters are bigger than male catheters.\nH. Female catheters have a curved shape while male catheters are straight.\nI. Male and female catheters are different colours.\nJ. Male catheters have a smaller diameter than female catheters.",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on clinical knowledge for help.\n\nThe difference between a male and female catheter is that male catheters tend to be longer than female catheters.\n\nThe answer is (F).",
"role": "assistant"
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"content": "How many attempts should you make to cannulate a patient before passing the job on to a senior colleague, according to the medical knowledge of 2020?\nA. 1\nB. Unlimited attempts\nC. 5\nD. 0, always pass on to a senior colleague\nE. 7\nF. 2\nG. 4\nH. 6\nI. 3\nJ. 8",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on clinical knowledge for help.\n\nAccording to the medical protocol as of 2020, you should make two attempts to cannulate a patient before passing the job on to a more-senior practitioner.\n\nThe answer is (F).",
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"content": "Why are parvoviruses a highly impactful parasite?\nA. They are able to alter the host's DNA\nB. Because they have no nucleic acid\nC. They can survive in extreme temperatures\nD. Only replicate in dividing cells\nE. They can infect multiple species\nF. They don't require a host to survive\nG. Can integrate into host chromosomes",
"role": "user"
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on virology for help.\n\nParoviruses are highly impactful because they do not have nucleic acid.\n\nThe answer is (B).",
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},
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"content": "The activity of creatine kinase is:\nA. Increased when muscle pH is above 7.1.\nB. always lower in Type II fibres than Type I fibres.\nC. increased after a period of endurance training.\nD. Always the same in Type II and Type I fibres.\nE. Unchanged when muscle pH falls below 6.9.\nF. increased when intracellular ADP rises.\nG. increased when muscle pH falls below 6.9.\nH. Decreased when intracellular ADP rises.",
"role": "user"
},
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on biochemistry for help.\n\nCreatine kinase is an enzyme that catalyzes the transfer of a phosphate group from high-energy, phosphate-donating molecules to create phosphocreatine and ADP.\n\nIt is involved in the energy supply for the muscle cells, and its activity is increased when intracellular ADP rises.\n\nThe answer is (F).\n\n",
"role": "assistant"
}
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F
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F
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"content": "The following are multiple choice questions (with answers) about health. Think step by step and then finish your answer with \"the answer is (X)\" where X is the correct letter choice.\nEach reasoning step in your response should end with two line breaks.",
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"content": "Which of the following is the body cavity that contains the pituitary gland?\nA. Ventral\nB. Dorsal\nC. Buccal\nD. Thoracic\nE. Pericardial\nF. Abdominal\nG. Spinal\nH. Pelvic\nI. Pleural\nJ. Cranial",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on anatomy for help.\n\nLet’s solve this problem step by step.\n\nThe pituitary gland is the major endocrine gland attached to the base of the brain, and it is contained in the Cranial cavity.\n\nThe answer is (J).",
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"content": "What is the embryological origin of the hyoid bone?\nA. The third and fourth pharyngeal arches\nB. The fourth pharyngeal arch\nC. The third pharyngeal arch\nD. The second pharyngeal arch\nE. The second, third and fourth pharyngeal arches\nF. The first pharyngeal arch\nG. The second and third pharyngeal arches\nH. The first and third pharyngeal arches\nI. The first, second and third pharyngeal arches\nJ. The first and second pharyngeal arches",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on anatomy for help.\n\nLet’s solve this problem step by step.\n\nThe hyoid bone, which is also known as the hyooid, is a a small U-shaped bone located in the anterior neck.\n\nIn its resting position, it lies between the ase of the mandible and the third cervical vertebrae.\n\nWe know that the second and the third pharyngeal arches give rise to the horns of the hyoid bone; therefore, the embryological origin of the hyoid bone are the second and the third pharyngeal arches—this information is covered in option (G).\n\nTherefore, we conclude that (G) must be the correct answer.\n\nThe answer is (G).",
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"content": "What is the difference between a male and a female catheter?\nA. Female catheters are used more frequently than male catheters.\nB. Male catheters are bigger than female catheters.\nC. Male catheters are more flexible than female catheters.\nD. Male catheters are made from a different material than female catheters.\nE. Female catheters are longer than male catheters.\nF. Male catheters are longer than female catheters.\nG. Female catheters are bigger than male catheters.\nH. Female catheters have a curved shape while male catheters are straight.\nI. Male and female catheters are different colours.\nJ. Male catheters have a smaller diameter than female catheters.",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on clinical knowledge for help.\n\nThe difference between a male and female catheter is that male catheters tend to be longer than female catheters.\n\nThe answer is (F).",
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"content": "How many attempts should you make to cannulate a patient before passing the job on to a senior colleague, according to the medical knowledge of 2020?\nA. 1\nB. Unlimited attempts\nC. 5\nD. 0, always pass on to a senior colleague\nE. 7\nF. 2\nG. 4\nH. 6\nI. 3\nJ. 8",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on clinical knowledge for help.\n\nAccording to the medical protocol as of 2020, you should make two attempts to cannulate a patient before passing the job on to a more-senior practitioner.\n\nThe answer is (F).",
"role": "assistant"
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"content": "Why are parvoviruses a highly impactful parasite?\nA. They are able to alter the host's DNA\nB. Because they have no nucleic acid\nC. They can survive in extreme temperatures\nD. Only replicate in dividing cells\nE. They can infect multiple species\nF. They don't require a host to survive\nG. Can integrate into host chromosomes",
"role": "user"
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on virology for help.\n\nParoviruses are highly impactful because they do not have nucleic acid.\n\nThe answer is (B).",
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"content": "The activity of creatine kinase is:\nA. Increased when muscle pH is above 7.1.\nB. always lower in Type II fibres than Type I fibres.\nC. increased after a period of endurance training.\nD. Always the same in Type II and Type I fibres.\nE. Unchanged when muscle pH falls below 6.9.\nF. increased when intracellular ADP rises.\nG. increased when muscle pH falls below 6.9.\nH. Decreased when intracellular ADP rises.",
"role": "user"
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on biochemistry for help.\n\nCreatine Kinase (CK) is an enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of creatine to phosphocreatine. This reaction is important in muscle cells, as it helps to rapidly replenish ATP levels (especially during high-intensity exercise).\n\nCK activity is increased when intracellular ADP rises, because the enzyme is involved in replenishing ATP stores.\n\nThe answer is (F).\n\n",
"role": "assistant"
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F
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"content": "The following are multiple choice questions (with answers) about health. Think step by step and then finish your answer with \"the answer is (X)\" where X is the correct letter choice.\nEach reasoning step in your response should end with two line breaks.",
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"content": "Which of the following is the body cavity that contains the pituitary gland?\nA. Ventral\nB. Dorsal\nC. Buccal\nD. Thoracic\nE. Pericardial\nF. Abdominal\nG. Spinal\nH. Pelvic\nI. Pleural\nJ. Cranial",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on anatomy for help.\n\nLet’s solve this problem step by step.\n\nThe pituitary gland is the major endocrine gland attached to the base of the brain, and it is contained in the Cranial cavity.\n\nThe answer is (J).",
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"content": "What is the embryological origin of the hyoid bone?\nA. The third and fourth pharyngeal arches\nB. The fourth pharyngeal arch\nC. The third pharyngeal arch\nD. The second pharyngeal arch\nE. The second, third and fourth pharyngeal arches\nF. The first pharyngeal arch\nG. The second and third pharyngeal arches\nH. The first and third pharyngeal arches\nI. The first, second and third pharyngeal arches\nJ. The first and second pharyngeal arches",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on anatomy for help.\n\nLet’s solve this problem step by step.\n\nThe hyoid bone, which is also known as the hyooid, is a a small U-shaped bone located in the anterior neck.\n\nIn its resting position, it lies between the ase of the mandible and the third cervical vertebrae.\n\nWe know that the second and the third pharyngeal arches give rise to the horns of the hyoid bone; therefore, the embryological origin of the hyoid bone are the second and the third pharyngeal arches—this information is covered in option (G).\n\nTherefore, we conclude that (G) must be the correct answer.\n\nThe answer is (G).",
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"content": "What is the difference between a male and a female catheter?\nA. Female catheters are used more frequently than male catheters.\nB. Male catheters are bigger than female catheters.\nC. Male catheters are more flexible than female catheters.\nD. Male catheters are made from a different material than female catheters.\nE. Female catheters are longer than male catheters.\nF. Male catheters are longer than female catheters.\nG. Female catheters are bigger than male catheters.\nH. Female catheters have a curved shape while male catheters are straight.\nI. Male and female catheters are different colours.\nJ. Male catheters have a smaller diameter than female catheters.",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on clinical knowledge for help.\n\nThe difference between a male and female catheter is that male catheters tend to be longer than female catheters.\n\nThe answer is (F).",
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"content": "How many attempts should you make to cannulate a patient before passing the job on to a senior colleague, according to the medical knowledge of 2020?\nA. 1\nB. Unlimited attempts\nC. 5\nD. 0, always pass on to a senior colleague\nE. 7\nF. 2\nG. 4\nH. 6\nI. 3\nJ. 8",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on clinical knowledge for help.\n\nAccording to the medical protocol as of 2020, you should make two attempts to cannulate a patient before passing the job on to a more-senior practitioner.\n\nThe answer is (F).",
"role": "assistant"
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"content": "Why are parvoviruses a highly impactful parasite?\nA. They are able to alter the host's DNA\nB. Because they have no nucleic acid\nC. They can survive in extreme temperatures\nD. Only replicate in dividing cells\nE. They can infect multiple species\nF. They don't require a host to survive\nG. Can integrate into host chromosomes",
"role": "user"
},
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on virology for help.\n\nParoviruses are highly impactful because they do not have nucleic acid.\n\nThe answer is (B).",
"role": "assistant"
},
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"content": "The activity of creatine kinase is:\nA. Increased when muscle pH is above 7.1.\nB. always lower in Type II fibres than Type I fibres.\nC. increased after a period of endurance training.\nD. Always the same in Type II and Type I fibres.\nE. Unchanged when muscle pH falls below 6.9.\nF. increased when intracellular ADP rises.\nG. increased when muscle pH falls below 6.9.\nH. Decreased when intracellular ADP rises.",
"role": "user"
},
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on biochemistry for help.\n\nCreatine Kinase (CK) is an enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of creatine to phosphocreatine. This reaction is important in muscle cells, as it helps to rapidly replenish ATP levels (especially during high-intensity exercise).\n\nCK activity is increased when intracellular ADP rises, because the enzyme is involved in replenishing ATP stores.\n\nThe answer is (F).\n\n",
"role": "assistant"
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F
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F
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"content": "The following are multiple choice questions (with answers) about health. Think step by step and then finish your answer with \"the answer is (X)\" where X is the correct letter choice.\nEach reasoning step in your response should end with two line breaks.",
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"content": "Which of the following is the body cavity that contains the pituitary gland?\nA. Ventral\nB. Dorsal\nC. Buccal\nD. Thoracic\nE. Pericardial\nF. Abdominal\nG. Spinal\nH. Pelvic\nI. Pleural\nJ. Cranial",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on anatomy for help.\n\nLet’s solve this problem step by step.\n\nThe pituitary gland is the major endocrine gland attached to the base of the brain, and it is contained in the Cranial cavity.\n\nThe answer is (J).",
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"content": "What is the embryological origin of the hyoid bone?\nA. The third and fourth pharyngeal arches\nB. The fourth pharyngeal arch\nC. The third pharyngeal arch\nD. The second pharyngeal arch\nE. The second, third and fourth pharyngeal arches\nF. The first pharyngeal arch\nG. The second and third pharyngeal arches\nH. The first and third pharyngeal arches\nI. The first, second and third pharyngeal arches\nJ. The first and second pharyngeal arches",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on anatomy for help.\n\nLet’s solve this problem step by step.\n\nThe hyoid bone, which is also known as the hyooid, is a a small U-shaped bone located in the anterior neck.\n\nIn its resting position, it lies between the ase of the mandible and the third cervical vertebrae.\n\nWe know that the second and the third pharyngeal arches give rise to the horns of the hyoid bone; therefore, the embryological origin of the hyoid bone are the second and the third pharyngeal arches—this information is covered in option (G).\n\nTherefore, we conclude that (G) must be the correct answer.\n\nThe answer is (G).",
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"content": "What is the difference between a male and a female catheter?\nA. Female catheters are used more frequently than male catheters.\nB. Male catheters are bigger than female catheters.\nC. Male catheters are more flexible than female catheters.\nD. Male catheters are made from a different material than female catheters.\nE. Female catheters are longer than male catheters.\nF. Male catheters are longer than female catheters.\nG. Female catheters are bigger than male catheters.\nH. Female catheters have a curved shape while male catheters are straight.\nI. Male and female catheters are different colours.\nJ. Male catheters have a smaller diameter than female catheters.",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on clinical knowledge for help.\n\nThe difference between a male and female catheter is that male catheters tend to be longer than female catheters.\n\nThe answer is (F).",
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"content": "How many attempts should you make to cannulate a patient before passing the job on to a senior colleague, according to the medical knowledge of 2020?\nA. 1\nB. Unlimited attempts\nC. 5\nD. 0, always pass on to a senior colleague\nE. 7\nF. 2\nG. 4\nH. 6\nI. 3\nJ. 8",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on clinical knowledge for help.\n\nAccording to the medical protocol as of 2020, you should make two attempts to cannulate a patient before passing the job on to a more-senior practitioner.\n\nThe answer is (F).",
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"content": "Why are parvoviruses a highly impactful parasite?\nA. They are able to alter the host's DNA\nB. Because they have no nucleic acid\nC. They can survive in extreme temperatures\nD. Only replicate in dividing cells\nE. They can infect multiple species\nF. They don't require a host to survive\nG. Can integrate into host chromosomes",
"role": "user"
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on virology for help.\n\nParoviruses are highly impactful because they do not have nucleic acid.\n\nThe answer is (B).",
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"content": "The activity of creatine kinase is:\nA. Increased when muscle pH is above 7.1.\nB. always lower in Type II fibres than Type I fibres.\nC. increased after a period of endurance training.\nD. Always the same in Type II and Type I fibres.\nE. Unchanged when muscle pH falls below 6.9.\nF. increased when intracellular ADP rises.\nG. increased when muscle pH falls below 6.9.\nH. Decreased when intracellular ADP rises.",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on biochemistry for help.\n\nLet’s solve this problem step by step.\n\nA high energy state is the equilibrium state for creatine kinase and it is initially concerned with the formation of phosphocreatine; however, when the intracellular ADP levels rise, the energy state is low, and this causes the enzyme to act in the opposite direction.\n\nThe activity of creatine kinase is increased when intracellular ADP rises because the chemical reaction is acting in the opposite direction, meaning ADP is being converted into ATP.\n\nThe answer is (F).\n\n",
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"content": "The following are multiple choice questions (with answers) about health. Think step by step and then finish your answer with \"the answer is (X)\" where X is the correct letter choice.\nEach reasoning step in your response should end with two line breaks.",
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"content": "Which of the following is the body cavity that contains the pituitary gland?\nA. Ventral\nB. Dorsal\nC. Buccal\nD. Thoracic\nE. Pericardial\nF. Abdominal\nG. Spinal\nH. Pelvic\nI. Pleural\nJ. Cranial",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on anatomy for help.\n\nLet’s solve this problem step by step.\n\nThe pituitary gland is the major endocrine gland attached to the base of the brain, and it is contained in the Cranial cavity.\n\nThe answer is (J).",
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"content": "What is the embryological origin of the hyoid bone?\nA. The third and fourth pharyngeal arches\nB. The fourth pharyngeal arch\nC. The third pharyngeal arch\nD. The second pharyngeal arch\nE. The second, third and fourth pharyngeal arches\nF. The first pharyngeal arch\nG. The second and third pharyngeal arches\nH. The first and third pharyngeal arches\nI. The first, second and third pharyngeal arches\nJ. The first and second pharyngeal arches",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on anatomy for help.\n\nLet’s solve this problem step by step.\n\nThe hyoid bone, which is also known as the hyooid, is a a small U-shaped bone located in the anterior neck.\n\nIn its resting position, it lies between the ase of the mandible and the third cervical vertebrae.\n\nWe know that the second and the third pharyngeal arches give rise to the horns of the hyoid bone; therefore, the embryological origin of the hyoid bone are the second and the third pharyngeal arches—this information is covered in option (G).\n\nTherefore, we conclude that (G) must be the correct answer.\n\nThe answer is (G).",
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"content": "What is the difference between a male and a female catheter?\nA. Female catheters are used more frequently than male catheters.\nB. Male catheters are bigger than female catheters.\nC. Male catheters are more flexible than female catheters.\nD. Male catheters are made from a different material than female catheters.\nE. Female catheters are longer than male catheters.\nF. Male catheters are longer than female catheters.\nG. Female catheters are bigger than male catheters.\nH. Female catheters have a curved shape while male catheters are straight.\nI. Male and female catheters are different colours.\nJ. Male catheters have a smaller diameter than female catheters.",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on clinical knowledge for help.\n\nThe difference between a male and female catheter is that male catheters tend to be longer than female catheters.\n\nThe answer is (F).",
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"content": "How many attempts should you make to cannulate a patient before passing the job on to a senior colleague, according to the medical knowledge of 2020?\nA. 1\nB. Unlimited attempts\nC. 5\nD. 0, always pass on to a senior colleague\nE. 7\nF. 2\nG. 4\nH. 6\nI. 3\nJ. 8",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on clinical knowledge for help.\n\nAccording to the medical protocol as of 2020, you should make two attempts to cannulate a patient before passing the job on to a more-senior practitioner.\n\nThe answer is (F).",
"role": "assistant"
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"content": "Why are parvoviruses a highly impactful parasite?\nA. They are able to alter the host's DNA\nB. Because they have no nucleic acid\nC. They can survive in extreme temperatures\nD. Only replicate in dividing cells\nE. They can infect multiple species\nF. They don't require a host to survive\nG. Can integrate into host chromosomes",
"role": "user"
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on virology for help.\n\nParoviruses are highly impactful because they do not have nucleic acid.\n\nThe answer is (B).",
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"content": "The activity of creatine kinase is:\nA. Increased when muscle pH is above 7.1.\nB. always lower in Type II fibres than Type I fibres.\nC. increased after a period of endurance training.\nD. Always the same in Type II and Type I fibres.\nE. Unchanged when muscle pH falls below 6.9.\nF. increased when intracellular ADP rises.\nG. increased when muscle pH falls below 6.9.\nH. Decreased when intracellular ADP rises.",
"role": "user"
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on biochemistry for help.\n\nCreatine kinase is an enzyme that catalyzes the reversible transfer of a phosphate group from high-energy, phosphate-donating molecules to create phosphocreatine and ADP.\n\nThe activity of creatine kinase is increased when intracellular ADP rises, meaning that when the ATP / ADP ratio falls, which is often the case during intense exercise, the creatine kinase works faster to create more phosphocreatine.\n\nThe answer is (F).\n\n",
"role": "assistant"
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F
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F
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"content": "The following are multiple choice questions (with answers) about health. Think step by step and then finish your answer with \"the answer is (X)\" where X is the correct letter choice.\nEach reasoning step in your response should end with two line breaks.",
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"content": "Which of the following is the body cavity that contains the pituitary gland?\nA. Ventral\nB. Dorsal\nC. Buccal\nD. Thoracic\nE. Pericardial\nF. Abdominal\nG. Spinal\nH. Pelvic\nI. Pleural\nJ. Cranial",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on anatomy for help.\n\nLet’s solve this problem step by step.\n\nThe pituitary gland is the major endocrine gland attached to the base of the brain, and it is contained in the Cranial cavity.\n\nThe answer is (J).",
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"content": "What is the embryological origin of the hyoid bone?\nA. The third and fourth pharyngeal arches\nB. The fourth pharyngeal arch\nC. The third pharyngeal arch\nD. The second pharyngeal arch\nE. The second, third and fourth pharyngeal arches\nF. The first pharyngeal arch\nG. The second and third pharyngeal arches\nH. The first and third pharyngeal arches\nI. The first, second and third pharyngeal arches\nJ. The first and second pharyngeal arches",
"role": "user"
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on anatomy for help.\n\nLet’s solve this problem step by step.\n\nThe hyoid bone, which is also known as the hyooid, is a a small U-shaped bone located in the anterior neck.\n\nIn its resting position, it lies between the ase of the mandible and the third cervical vertebrae.\n\nWe know that the second and the third pharyngeal arches give rise to the horns of the hyoid bone; therefore, the embryological origin of the hyoid bone are the second and the third pharyngeal arches—this information is covered in option (G).\n\nTherefore, we conclude that (G) must be the correct answer.\n\nThe answer is (G).",
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"content": "What is the difference between a male and a female catheter?\nA. Female catheters are used more frequently than male catheters.\nB. Male catheters are bigger than female catheters.\nC. Male catheters are more flexible than female catheters.\nD. Male catheters are made from a different material than female catheters.\nE. Female catheters are longer than male catheters.\nF. Male catheters are longer than female catheters.\nG. Female catheters are bigger than male catheters.\nH. Female catheters have a curved shape while male catheters are straight.\nI. Male and female catheters are different colours.\nJ. Male catheters have a smaller diameter than female catheters.",
"role": "user"
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on clinical knowledge for help.\n\nThe difference between a male and female catheter is that male catheters tend to be longer than female catheters.\n\nThe answer is (F).",
"role": "assistant"
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"content": "How many attempts should you make to cannulate a patient before passing the job on to a senior colleague, according to the medical knowledge of 2020?\nA. 1\nB. Unlimited attempts\nC. 5\nD. 0, always pass on to a senior colleague\nE. 7\nF. 2\nG. 4\nH. 6\nI. 3\nJ. 8",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on clinical knowledge for help.\n\nAccording to the medical protocol as of 2020, you should make two attempts to cannulate a patient before passing the job on to a more-senior practitioner.\n\nThe answer is (F).",
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"content": "Why are parvoviruses a highly impactful parasite?\nA. They are able to alter the host's DNA\nB. Because they have no nucleic acid\nC. They can survive in extreme temperatures\nD. Only replicate in dividing cells\nE. They can infect multiple species\nF. They don't require a host to survive\nG. Can integrate into host chromosomes",
"role": "user"
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on virology for help.\n\nParoviruses are highly impactful because they do not have nucleic acid.\n\nThe answer is (B).",
"role": "assistant"
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"content": "The activity of creatine kinase is:\nA. Increased when muscle pH is above 7.1.\nB. always lower in Type II fibres than Type I fibres.\nC. increased after a period of endurance training.\nD. Always the same in Type II and Type I fibres.\nE. Unchanged when muscle pH falls below 6.9.\nF. increased when intracellular ADP rises.\nG. increased when muscle pH falls below 6.9.\nH. Decreased when intracellular ADP rises.",
"role": "user"
},
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on biochemistry for help.\n\nCreatine kinase is an enzyme that catalyzes the transfer of phosphate groups from high-energy, phosphate-donating molecules to create phosphocreatine and ADP from ATP.\n\nThe activity of creatine kinase is increased when intracellular ADP rises because creatine kinase helps to regenerate ATP from ADP during muscle contraction.\n\nThe answer is (F).\n\n",
"role": "assistant"
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F
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F
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"content": "The following are multiple choice questions (with answers) about health. Think step by step and then finish your answer with \"the answer is (X)\" where X is the correct letter choice.\nEach reasoning step in your response should end with two line breaks.",
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"content": "Which of the following is the body cavity that contains the pituitary gland?\nA. Ventral\nB. Dorsal\nC. Buccal\nD. Thoracic\nE. Pericardial\nF. Abdominal\nG. Spinal\nH. Pelvic\nI. Pleural\nJ. Cranial",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on anatomy for help.\n\nLet’s solve this problem step by step.\n\nThe pituitary gland is the major endocrine gland attached to the base of the brain, and it is contained in the Cranial cavity.\n\nThe answer is (J).",
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"content": "What is the embryological origin of the hyoid bone?\nA. The third and fourth pharyngeal arches\nB. The fourth pharyngeal arch\nC. The third pharyngeal arch\nD. The second pharyngeal arch\nE. The second, third and fourth pharyngeal arches\nF. The first pharyngeal arch\nG. The second and third pharyngeal arches\nH. The first and third pharyngeal arches\nI. The first, second and third pharyngeal arches\nJ. The first and second pharyngeal arches",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on anatomy for help.\n\nLet’s solve this problem step by step.\n\nThe hyoid bone, which is also known as the hyooid, is a a small U-shaped bone located in the anterior neck.\n\nIn its resting position, it lies between the ase of the mandible and the third cervical vertebrae.\n\nWe know that the second and the third pharyngeal arches give rise to the horns of the hyoid bone; therefore, the embryological origin of the hyoid bone are the second and the third pharyngeal arches—this information is covered in option (G).\n\nTherefore, we conclude that (G) must be the correct answer.\n\nThe answer is (G).",
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"content": "What is the difference between a male and a female catheter?\nA. Female catheters are used more frequently than male catheters.\nB. Male catheters are bigger than female catheters.\nC. Male catheters are more flexible than female catheters.\nD. Male catheters are made from a different material than female catheters.\nE. Female catheters are longer than male catheters.\nF. Male catheters are longer than female catheters.\nG. Female catheters are bigger than male catheters.\nH. Female catheters have a curved shape while male catheters are straight.\nI. Male and female catheters are different colours.\nJ. Male catheters have a smaller diameter than female catheters.",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on clinical knowledge for help.\n\nThe difference between a male and female catheter is that male catheters tend to be longer than female catheters.\n\nThe answer is (F).",
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"content": "How many attempts should you make to cannulate a patient before passing the job on to a senior colleague, according to the medical knowledge of 2020?\nA. 1\nB. Unlimited attempts\nC. 5\nD. 0, always pass on to a senior colleague\nE. 7\nF. 2\nG. 4\nH. 6\nI. 3\nJ. 8",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on clinical knowledge for help.\n\nAccording to the medical protocol as of 2020, you should make two attempts to cannulate a patient before passing the job on to a more-senior practitioner.\n\nThe answer is (F).",
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"content": "Why are parvoviruses a highly impactful parasite?\nA. They are able to alter the host's DNA\nB. Because they have no nucleic acid\nC. They can survive in extreme temperatures\nD. Only replicate in dividing cells\nE. They can infect multiple species\nF. They don't require a host to survive\nG. Can integrate into host chromosomes",
"role": "user"
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on virology for help.\n\nParoviruses are highly impactful because they do not have nucleic acid.\n\nThe answer is (B).",
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"content": "The activity of creatine kinase is:\nA. Increased when muscle pH is above 7.1.\nB. always lower in Type II fibres than Type I fibres.\nC. increased after a period of endurance training.\nD. Always the same in Type II and Type I fibres.\nE. Unchanged when muscle pH falls below 6.9.\nF. increased when intracellular ADP rises.\nG. increased when muscle pH falls below 6.9.\nH. Decreased when intracellular ADP rises.",
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},
{
"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on biochemistry for help.\n\nCreatine kinase is a crucial enzyme in the muscle, which catalyzes the transfer of phosphate groups from high-energy, phosphate-donating molecules to create phosphocreatine (PCr) and ADP.\n\nIt is known that the activity of creatine kinase is increased when intracellular ADP rises because this allows the muscle to rapidly regenerate ATP from ADP.\n\nThe answer is (F).\n\n",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
F
|
F
| 0.997884
| true
|
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{
"content": "The following are multiple choice questions (with answers) about health. Think step by step and then finish your answer with \"the answer is (X)\" where X is the correct letter choice.\nEach reasoning step in your response should end with two line breaks.",
"role": "system"
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"content": "Which of the following is the body cavity that contains the pituitary gland?\nA. Ventral\nB. Dorsal\nC. Buccal\nD. Thoracic\nE. Pericardial\nF. Abdominal\nG. Spinal\nH. Pelvic\nI. Pleural\nJ. Cranial",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on anatomy for help.\n\nLet’s solve this problem step by step.\n\nThe pituitary gland is the major endocrine gland attached to the base of the brain, and it is contained in the Cranial cavity.\n\nThe answer is (J).",
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"content": "What is the embryological origin of the hyoid bone?\nA. The third and fourth pharyngeal arches\nB. The fourth pharyngeal arch\nC. The third pharyngeal arch\nD. The second pharyngeal arch\nE. The second, third and fourth pharyngeal arches\nF. The first pharyngeal arch\nG. The second and third pharyngeal arches\nH. The first and third pharyngeal arches\nI. The first, second and third pharyngeal arches\nJ. The first and second pharyngeal arches",
"role": "user"
},
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on anatomy for help.\n\nLet’s solve this problem step by step.\n\nThe hyoid bone, which is also known as the hyooid, is a a small U-shaped bone located in the anterior neck.\n\nIn its resting position, it lies between the ase of the mandible and the third cervical vertebrae.\n\nWe know that the second and the third pharyngeal arches give rise to the horns of the hyoid bone; therefore, the embryological origin of the hyoid bone are the second and the third pharyngeal arches—this information is covered in option (G).\n\nTherefore, we conclude that (G) must be the correct answer.\n\nThe answer is (G).",
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"content": "What is the difference between a male and a female catheter?\nA. Female catheters are used more frequently than male catheters.\nB. Male catheters are bigger than female catheters.\nC. Male catheters are more flexible than female catheters.\nD. Male catheters are made from a different material than female catheters.\nE. Female catheters are longer than male catheters.\nF. Male catheters are longer than female catheters.\nG. Female catheters are bigger than male catheters.\nH. Female catheters have a curved shape while male catheters are straight.\nI. Male and female catheters are different colours.\nJ. Male catheters have a smaller diameter than female catheters.",
"role": "user"
},
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on clinical knowledge for help.\n\nThe difference between a male and female catheter is that male catheters tend to be longer than female catheters.\n\nThe answer is (F).",
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"content": "How many attempts should you make to cannulate a patient before passing the job on to a senior colleague, according to the medical knowledge of 2020?\nA. 1\nB. Unlimited attempts\nC. 5\nD. 0, always pass on to a senior colleague\nE. 7\nF. 2\nG. 4\nH. 6\nI. 3\nJ. 8",
"role": "user"
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on clinical knowledge for help.\n\nAccording to the medical protocol as of 2020, you should make two attempts to cannulate a patient before passing the job on to a more-senior practitioner.\n\nThe answer is (F).",
"role": "assistant"
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"content": "Why are parvoviruses a highly impactful parasite?\nA. They are able to alter the host's DNA\nB. Because they have no nucleic acid\nC. They can survive in extreme temperatures\nD. Only replicate in dividing cells\nE. They can infect multiple species\nF. They don't require a host to survive\nG. Can integrate into host chromosomes",
"role": "user"
},
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on virology for help.\n\nParoviruses are highly impactful because they do not have nucleic acid.\n\nThe answer is (B).",
"role": "assistant"
},
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"content": "The activity of creatine kinase is:\nA. Increased when muscle pH is above 7.1.\nB. always lower in Type II fibres than Type I fibres.\nC. increased after a period of endurance training.\nD. Always the same in Type II and Type I fibres.\nE. Unchanged when muscle pH falls below 6.9.\nF. increased when intracellular ADP rises.\nG. increased when muscle pH falls below 6.9.\nH. Decreased when intracellular ADP rises.",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on biochemistry for help.\n\nLet’s solve this problem step by step.\n\nA high energy state is the equilibrium state for creatine kinase and it is initially concerned with the formation of phosphocreatine; however, when the intracellular ADP levels rise, the energy state is low, and this causes the enzyme to act in the opposite direction.\n\nThe activity of creatine kinase is increased when intracellular ADP rises because the chemical reaction is acting in the opposite direction, meaning ADP is being converted into ATP.\n\nThe answer is (F).\n\n",
"role": "assistant"
}
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F
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F
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"content": "The following are multiple choice questions (with answers) about health. Think step by step and then finish your answer with \"the answer is (X)\" where X is the correct letter choice.\nEach reasoning step in your response should end with two line breaks.",
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"content": "Which of the following is the body cavity that contains the pituitary gland?\nA. Ventral\nB. Dorsal\nC. Buccal\nD. Thoracic\nE. Pericardial\nF. Abdominal\nG. Spinal\nH. Pelvic\nI. Pleural\nJ. Cranial",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on anatomy for help.\n\nLet’s solve this problem step by step.\n\nThe pituitary gland is the major endocrine gland attached to the base of the brain, and it is contained in the Cranial cavity.\n\nThe answer is (J).",
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"content": "What is the embryological origin of the hyoid bone?\nA. The third and fourth pharyngeal arches\nB. The fourth pharyngeal arch\nC. The third pharyngeal arch\nD. The second pharyngeal arch\nE. The second, third and fourth pharyngeal arches\nF. The first pharyngeal arch\nG. The second and third pharyngeal arches\nH. The first and third pharyngeal arches\nI. The first, second and third pharyngeal arches\nJ. The first and second pharyngeal arches",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on anatomy for help.\n\nLet’s solve this problem step by step.\n\nThe hyoid bone, which is also known as the hyooid, is a a small U-shaped bone located in the anterior neck.\n\nIn its resting position, it lies between the ase of the mandible and the third cervical vertebrae.\n\nWe know that the second and the third pharyngeal arches give rise to the horns of the hyoid bone; therefore, the embryological origin of the hyoid bone are the second and the third pharyngeal arches—this information is covered in option (G).\n\nTherefore, we conclude that (G) must be the correct answer.\n\nThe answer is (G).",
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"content": "What is the difference between a male and a female catheter?\nA. Female catheters are used more frequently than male catheters.\nB. Male catheters are bigger than female catheters.\nC. Male catheters are more flexible than female catheters.\nD. Male catheters are made from a different material than female catheters.\nE. Female catheters are longer than male catheters.\nF. Male catheters are longer than female catheters.\nG. Female catheters are bigger than male catheters.\nH. Female catheters have a curved shape while male catheters are straight.\nI. Male and female catheters are different colours.\nJ. Male catheters have a smaller diameter than female catheters.",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on clinical knowledge for help.\n\nThe difference between a male and female catheter is that male catheters tend to be longer than female catheters.\n\nThe answer is (F).",
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"content": "How many attempts should you make to cannulate a patient before passing the job on to a senior colleague, according to the medical knowledge of 2020?\nA. 1\nB. Unlimited attempts\nC. 5\nD. 0, always pass on to a senior colleague\nE. 7\nF. 2\nG. 4\nH. 6\nI. 3\nJ. 8",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on clinical knowledge for help.\n\nAccording to the medical protocol as of 2020, you should make two attempts to cannulate a patient before passing the job on to a more-senior practitioner.\n\nThe answer is (F).",
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"content": "Why are parvoviruses a highly impactful parasite?\nA. They are able to alter the host's DNA\nB. Because they have no nucleic acid\nC. They can survive in extreme temperatures\nD. Only replicate in dividing cells\nE. They can infect multiple species\nF. They don't require a host to survive\nG. Can integrate into host chromosomes",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on virology for help.\n\nParoviruses are highly impactful because they do not have nucleic acid.\n\nThe answer is (B).",
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"content": "The activity of creatine kinase is:\nA. Increased when muscle pH is above 7.1.\nB. always lower in Type II fibres than Type I fibres.\nC. increased after a period of endurance training.\nD. Always the same in Type II and Type I fibres.\nE. Unchanged when muscle pH falls below 6.9.\nF. increased when intracellular ADP rises.\nG. increased when muscle pH falls below 6.9.\nH. Decreased when intracellular ADP rises.",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on biochemistry for help.\n\nThe activity of creatine kinase is associated with the requirement of high energy phosphate transfer and ATP replenishment, which is notably increased when intracellular ADP rises.\n\nThe answer is (F).\n\n",
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"content": "The following are multiple choice questions (with answers) about health. Think step by step and then finish your answer with \"the answer is (X)\" where X is the correct letter choice.\nEach reasoning step in your response should end with two line breaks.",
"role": "system"
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"content": "Which of the following is the body cavity that contains the pituitary gland?\nA. Ventral\nB. Dorsal\nC. Buccal\nD. Thoracic\nE. Pericardial\nF. Abdominal\nG. Spinal\nH. Pelvic\nI. Pleural\nJ. Cranial",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on anatomy for help.\n\nLet’s solve this problem step by step.\n\nThe pituitary gland is the major endocrine gland attached to the base of the brain, and it is contained in the Cranial cavity.\n\nThe answer is (J).",
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"content": "What is the embryological origin of the hyoid bone?\nA. The third and fourth pharyngeal arches\nB. The fourth pharyngeal arch\nC. The third pharyngeal arch\nD. The second pharyngeal arch\nE. The second, third and fourth pharyngeal arches\nF. The first pharyngeal arch\nG. The second and third pharyngeal arches\nH. The first and third pharyngeal arches\nI. The first, second and third pharyngeal arches\nJ. The first and second pharyngeal arches",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on anatomy for help.\n\nLet’s solve this problem step by step.\n\nThe hyoid bone, which is also known as the hyooid, is a a small U-shaped bone located in the anterior neck.\n\nIn its resting position, it lies between the ase of the mandible and the third cervical vertebrae.\n\nWe know that the second and the third pharyngeal arches give rise to the horns of the hyoid bone; therefore, the embryological origin of the hyoid bone are the second and the third pharyngeal arches—this information is covered in option (G).\n\nTherefore, we conclude that (G) must be the correct answer.\n\nThe answer is (G).",
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"content": "What is the difference between a male and a female catheter?\nA. Female catheters are used more frequently than male catheters.\nB. Male catheters are bigger than female catheters.\nC. Male catheters are more flexible than female catheters.\nD. Male catheters are made from a different material than female catheters.\nE. Female catheters are longer than male catheters.\nF. Male catheters are longer than female catheters.\nG. Female catheters are bigger than male catheters.\nH. Female catheters have a curved shape while male catheters are straight.\nI. Male and female catheters are different colours.\nJ. Male catheters have a smaller diameter than female catheters.",
"role": "user"
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on clinical knowledge for help.\n\nThe difference between a male and female catheter is that male catheters tend to be longer than female catheters.\n\nThe answer is (F).",
"role": "assistant"
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"content": "How many attempts should you make to cannulate a patient before passing the job on to a senior colleague, according to the medical knowledge of 2020?\nA. 1\nB. Unlimited attempts\nC. 5\nD. 0, always pass on to a senior colleague\nE. 7\nF. 2\nG. 4\nH. 6\nI. 3\nJ. 8",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on clinical knowledge for help.\n\nAccording to the medical protocol as of 2020, you should make two attempts to cannulate a patient before passing the job on to a more-senior practitioner.\n\nThe answer is (F).",
"role": "assistant"
},
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"content": "Why are parvoviruses a highly impactful parasite?\nA. They are able to alter the host's DNA\nB. Because they have no nucleic acid\nC. They can survive in extreme temperatures\nD. Only replicate in dividing cells\nE. They can infect multiple species\nF. They don't require a host to survive\nG. Can integrate into host chromosomes",
"role": "user"
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on virology for help.\n\nParoviruses are highly impactful because they do not have nucleic acid.\n\nThe answer is (B).",
"role": "assistant"
},
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"content": "The activity of creatine kinase is:\nA. Increased when muscle pH is above 7.1.\nB. always lower in Type II fibres than Type I fibres.\nC. increased after a period of endurance training.\nD. Always the same in Type II and Type I fibres.\nE. Unchanged when muscle pH falls below 6.9.\nF. increased when intracellular ADP rises.\nG. increased when muscle pH falls below 6.9.\nH. Decreased when intracellular ADP rises.",
"role": "user"
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on biochemistry for help.\n\nCreatine kinase is an enzyme that catalyzes the transfer of phosphate from high-energy, phosphate-donating molecules to create phosphocreatine and ADP.\n\nThe activity of creatine kinase is increased when intracellular ADP (adenosine diphosphate) rises.\n\nThe answer is (F).\n\n",
"role": "assistant"
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F
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F
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{
"content": "The following are multiple choice questions (with answers) about health. Think step by step and then finish your answer with \"the answer is (X)\" where X is the correct letter choice.\nEach reasoning step in your response should end with two line breaks.",
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"content": "Which of the following is the body cavity that contains the pituitary gland?\nA. Ventral\nB. Dorsal\nC. Buccal\nD. Thoracic\nE. Pericardial\nF. Abdominal\nG. Spinal\nH. Pelvic\nI. Pleural\nJ. Cranial",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on anatomy for help.\n\nLet’s solve this problem step by step.\n\nThe pituitary gland is the major endocrine gland attached to the base of the brain, and it is contained in the Cranial cavity.\n\nThe answer is (J).",
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"content": "What is the embryological origin of the hyoid bone?\nA. The third and fourth pharyngeal arches\nB. The fourth pharyngeal arch\nC. The third pharyngeal arch\nD. The second pharyngeal arch\nE. The second, third and fourth pharyngeal arches\nF. The first pharyngeal arch\nG. The second and third pharyngeal arches\nH. The first and third pharyngeal arches\nI. The first, second and third pharyngeal arches\nJ. The first and second pharyngeal arches",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on anatomy for help.\n\nLet’s solve this problem step by step.\n\nThe hyoid bone, which is also known as the hyooid, is a a small U-shaped bone located in the anterior neck.\n\nIn its resting position, it lies between the ase of the mandible and the third cervical vertebrae.\n\nWe know that the second and the third pharyngeal arches give rise to the horns of the hyoid bone; therefore, the embryological origin of the hyoid bone are the second and the third pharyngeal arches—this information is covered in option (G).\n\nTherefore, we conclude that (G) must be the correct answer.\n\nThe answer is (G).",
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"content": "What is the difference between a male and a female catheter?\nA. Female catheters are used more frequently than male catheters.\nB. Male catheters are bigger than female catheters.\nC. Male catheters are more flexible than female catheters.\nD. Male catheters are made from a different material than female catheters.\nE. Female catheters are longer than male catheters.\nF. Male catheters are longer than female catheters.\nG. Female catheters are bigger than male catheters.\nH. Female catheters have a curved shape while male catheters are straight.\nI. Male and female catheters are different colours.\nJ. Male catheters have a smaller diameter than female catheters.",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on clinical knowledge for help.\n\nThe difference between a male and female catheter is that male catheters tend to be longer than female catheters.\n\nThe answer is (F).",
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"content": "How many attempts should you make to cannulate a patient before passing the job on to a senior colleague, according to the medical knowledge of 2020?\nA. 1\nB. Unlimited attempts\nC. 5\nD. 0, always pass on to a senior colleague\nE. 7\nF. 2\nG. 4\nH. 6\nI. 3\nJ. 8",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on clinical knowledge for help.\n\nAccording to the medical protocol as of 2020, you should make two attempts to cannulate a patient before passing the job on to a more-senior practitioner.\n\nThe answer is (F).",
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"content": "Why are parvoviruses a highly impactful parasite?\nA. They are able to alter the host's DNA\nB. Because they have no nucleic acid\nC. They can survive in extreme temperatures\nD. Only replicate in dividing cells\nE. They can infect multiple species\nF. They don't require a host to survive\nG. Can integrate into host chromosomes",
"role": "user"
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on virology for help.\n\nParoviruses are highly impactful because they do not have nucleic acid.\n\nThe answer is (B).",
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},
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"content": "The activity of creatine kinase is:\nA. Increased when muscle pH is above 7.1.\nB. always lower in Type II fibres than Type I fibres.\nC. increased after a period of endurance training.\nD. Always the same in Type II and Type I fibres.\nE. Unchanged when muscle pH falls below 6.9.\nF. increased when intracellular ADP rises.\nG. increased when muscle pH falls below 6.9.\nH. Decreased when intracellular ADP rises.",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on biochemistry for help.\n\nCreatine kinase is an enzyme that catalyzes the reversible transfer of a phosphate group from high-energy, phosphate-donating molecules to create phosphocreatine and ADP.\n\nThe activity of creatine kinase is increased when intracellular ADP rises, meaning that when the ATP / ADP ratio falls, which is often the case during intense exercise, the creatine kinase works faster to create more phosphocreatine.\n\nThe answer is (F).\n\n",
"role": "assistant"
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F
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F
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"content": "The following are multiple choice questions (with answers) about health. Think step by step and then finish your answer with \"the answer is (X)\" where X is the correct letter choice.\nEach reasoning step in your response should end with two line breaks.",
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"content": "Which of the following is the body cavity that contains the pituitary gland?\nA. Ventral\nB. Dorsal\nC. Buccal\nD. Thoracic\nE. Pericardial\nF. Abdominal\nG. Spinal\nH. Pelvic\nI. Pleural\nJ. Cranial",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on anatomy for help.\n\nLet’s solve this problem step by step.\n\nThe pituitary gland is the major endocrine gland attached to the base of the brain, and it is contained in the Cranial cavity.\n\nThe answer is (J).",
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"content": "What is the embryological origin of the hyoid bone?\nA. The third and fourth pharyngeal arches\nB. The fourth pharyngeal arch\nC. The third pharyngeal arch\nD. The second pharyngeal arch\nE. The second, third and fourth pharyngeal arches\nF. The first pharyngeal arch\nG. The second and third pharyngeal arches\nH. The first and third pharyngeal arches\nI. The first, second and third pharyngeal arches\nJ. The first and second pharyngeal arches",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on anatomy for help.\n\nLet’s solve this problem step by step.\n\nThe hyoid bone, which is also known as the hyooid, is a a small U-shaped bone located in the anterior neck.\n\nIn its resting position, it lies between the ase of the mandible and the third cervical vertebrae.\n\nWe know that the second and the third pharyngeal arches give rise to the horns of the hyoid bone; therefore, the embryological origin of the hyoid bone are the second and the third pharyngeal arches—this information is covered in option (G).\n\nTherefore, we conclude that (G) must be the correct answer.\n\nThe answer is (G).",
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"content": "What is the difference between a male and a female catheter?\nA. Female catheters are used more frequently than male catheters.\nB. Male catheters are bigger than female catheters.\nC. Male catheters are more flexible than female catheters.\nD. Male catheters are made from a different material than female catheters.\nE. Female catheters are longer than male catheters.\nF. Male catheters are longer than female catheters.\nG. Female catheters are bigger than male catheters.\nH. Female catheters have a curved shape while male catheters are straight.\nI. Male and female catheters are different colours.\nJ. Male catheters have a smaller diameter than female catheters.",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on clinical knowledge for help.\n\nThe difference between a male and female catheter is that male catheters tend to be longer than female catheters.\n\nThe answer is (F).",
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"content": "How many attempts should you make to cannulate a patient before passing the job on to a senior colleague, according to the medical knowledge of 2020?\nA. 1\nB. Unlimited attempts\nC. 5\nD. 0, always pass on to a senior colleague\nE. 7\nF. 2\nG. 4\nH. 6\nI. 3\nJ. 8",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on clinical knowledge for help.\n\nAccording to the medical protocol as of 2020, you should make two attempts to cannulate a patient before passing the job on to a more-senior practitioner.\n\nThe answer is (F).",
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"content": "Why are parvoviruses a highly impactful parasite?\nA. They are able to alter the host's DNA\nB. Because they have no nucleic acid\nC. They can survive in extreme temperatures\nD. Only replicate in dividing cells\nE. They can infect multiple species\nF. They don't require a host to survive\nG. Can integrate into host chromosomes",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on virology for help.\n\nParoviruses are highly impactful because they do not have nucleic acid.\n\nThe answer is (B).",
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"content": "The activity of creatine kinase is:\nA. Increased when muscle pH is above 7.1.\nB. always lower in Type II fibres than Type I fibres.\nC. increased after a period of endurance training.\nD. Always the same in Type II and Type I fibres.\nE. Unchanged when muscle pH falls below 6.9.\nF. increased when intracellular ADP rises.\nG. increased when muscle pH falls below 6.9.\nH. Decreased when intracellular ADP rises.",
"role": "user"
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on biochemistry for help.\n\nThe activity of creatine kinase is increased when intracellular ADP rises.\n\nThe answer is (F).\n\n",
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"content": "The following are multiple choice questions (with answers) about health. Think step by step and then finish your answer with \"the answer is (X)\" where X is the correct letter choice.\nEach reasoning step in your response should end with two line breaks.",
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"content": "Which of the following is the body cavity that contains the pituitary gland?\nA. Ventral\nB. Dorsal\nC. Buccal\nD. Thoracic\nE. Pericardial\nF. Abdominal\nG. Spinal\nH. Pelvic\nI. Pleural\nJ. Cranial",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on anatomy for help.\n\nLet’s solve this problem step by step.\n\nThe pituitary gland is the major endocrine gland attached to the base of the brain, and it is contained in the Cranial cavity.\n\nThe answer is (J).",
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"content": "What is the embryological origin of the hyoid bone?\nA. The third and fourth pharyngeal arches\nB. The fourth pharyngeal arch\nC. The third pharyngeal arch\nD. The second pharyngeal arch\nE. The second, third and fourth pharyngeal arches\nF. The first pharyngeal arch\nG. The second and third pharyngeal arches\nH. The first and third pharyngeal arches\nI. The first, second and third pharyngeal arches\nJ. The first and second pharyngeal arches",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on anatomy for help.\n\nLet’s solve this problem step by step.\n\nThe hyoid bone, which is also known as the hyooid, is a a small U-shaped bone located in the anterior neck.\n\nIn its resting position, it lies between the ase of the mandible and the third cervical vertebrae.\n\nWe know that the second and the third pharyngeal arches give rise to the horns of the hyoid bone; therefore, the embryological origin of the hyoid bone are the second and the third pharyngeal arches—this information is covered in option (G).\n\nTherefore, we conclude that (G) must be the correct answer.\n\nThe answer is (G).",
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"content": "What is the difference between a male and a female catheter?\nA. Female catheters are used more frequently than male catheters.\nB. Male catheters are bigger than female catheters.\nC. Male catheters are more flexible than female catheters.\nD. Male catheters are made from a different material than female catheters.\nE. Female catheters are longer than male catheters.\nF. Male catheters are longer than female catheters.\nG. Female catheters are bigger than male catheters.\nH. Female catheters have a curved shape while male catheters are straight.\nI. Male and female catheters are different colours.\nJ. Male catheters have a smaller diameter than female catheters.",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on clinical knowledge for help.\n\nThe difference between a male and female catheter is that male catheters tend to be longer than female catheters.\n\nThe answer is (F).",
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"content": "How many attempts should you make to cannulate a patient before passing the job on to a senior colleague, according to the medical knowledge of 2020?\nA. 1\nB. Unlimited attempts\nC. 5\nD. 0, always pass on to a senior colleague\nE. 7\nF. 2\nG. 4\nH. 6\nI. 3\nJ. 8",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on clinical knowledge for help.\n\nAccording to the medical protocol as of 2020, you should make two attempts to cannulate a patient before passing the job on to a more-senior practitioner.\n\nThe answer is (F).",
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"content": "Why are parvoviruses a highly impactful parasite?\nA. They are able to alter the host's DNA\nB. Because they have no nucleic acid\nC. They can survive in extreme temperatures\nD. Only replicate in dividing cells\nE. They can infect multiple species\nF. They don't require a host to survive\nG. Can integrate into host chromosomes",
"role": "user"
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on virology for help.\n\nParoviruses are highly impactful because they do not have nucleic acid.\n\nThe answer is (B).",
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"content": "The activity of creatine kinase is:\nA. Increased when muscle pH is above 7.1.\nB. always lower in Type II fibres than Type I fibres.\nC. increased after a period of endurance training.\nD. Always the same in Type II and Type I fibres.\nE. Unchanged when muscle pH falls below 6.9.\nF. increased when intracellular ADP rises.\nG. increased when muscle pH falls below 6.9.\nH. Decreased when intracellular ADP rises.",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on biochemistry for help.\n\nLet’s solve this problem step by step.\n\nA high energy state is the equilibrium state for creatine kinase and it is initially concerned with the formation of phosphocreatine; however, when the intracellular ADP levels rise, the energy state is low, and this causes the enzyme to act in the opposite direction.\n\nThe activity of creatine kinase is increased when intracellular ADP rises because the chemical reaction is acting in the opposite direction, meaning ADP is being converted into ATP.\n\nThe answer is (F).\n\n",
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F
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F
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"content": "The following are multiple choice questions (with answers) about health. Think step by step and then finish your answer with \"the answer is (X)\" where X is the correct letter choice.\nEach reasoning step in your response should end with two line breaks.",
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"content": "Which of the following is the body cavity that contains the pituitary gland?\nA. Ventral\nB. Dorsal\nC. Buccal\nD. Thoracic\nE. Pericardial\nF. Abdominal\nG. Spinal\nH. Pelvic\nI. Pleural\nJ. Cranial",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on anatomy for help.\n\nLet’s solve this problem step by step.\n\nThe pituitary gland is the major endocrine gland attached to the base of the brain, and it is contained in the Cranial cavity.\n\nThe answer is (J).",
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"content": "What is the embryological origin of the hyoid bone?\nA. The third and fourth pharyngeal arches\nB. The fourth pharyngeal arch\nC. The third pharyngeal arch\nD. The second pharyngeal arch\nE. The second, third and fourth pharyngeal arches\nF. The first pharyngeal arch\nG. The second and third pharyngeal arches\nH. The first and third pharyngeal arches\nI. The first, second and third pharyngeal arches\nJ. The first and second pharyngeal arches",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on anatomy for help.\n\nLet’s solve this problem step by step.\n\nThe hyoid bone, which is also known as the hyooid, is a a small U-shaped bone located in the anterior neck.\n\nIn its resting position, it lies between the ase of the mandible and the third cervical vertebrae.\n\nWe know that the second and the third pharyngeal arches give rise to the horns of the hyoid bone; therefore, the embryological origin of the hyoid bone are the second and the third pharyngeal arches—this information is covered in option (G).\n\nTherefore, we conclude that (G) must be the correct answer.\n\nThe answer is (G).",
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"content": "What is the difference between a male and a female catheter?\nA. Female catheters are used more frequently than male catheters.\nB. Male catheters are bigger than female catheters.\nC. Male catheters are more flexible than female catheters.\nD. Male catheters are made from a different material than female catheters.\nE. Female catheters are longer than male catheters.\nF. Male catheters are longer than female catheters.\nG. Female catheters are bigger than male catheters.\nH. Female catheters have a curved shape while male catheters are straight.\nI. Male and female catheters are different colours.\nJ. Male catheters have a smaller diameter than female catheters.",
"role": "user"
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on clinical knowledge for help.\n\nThe difference between a male and female catheter is that male catheters tend to be longer than female catheters.\n\nThe answer is (F).",
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"content": "How many attempts should you make to cannulate a patient before passing the job on to a senior colleague, according to the medical knowledge of 2020?\nA. 1\nB. Unlimited attempts\nC. 5\nD. 0, always pass on to a senior colleague\nE. 7\nF. 2\nG. 4\nH. 6\nI. 3\nJ. 8",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on clinical knowledge for help.\n\nAccording to the medical protocol as of 2020, you should make two attempts to cannulate a patient before passing the job on to a more-senior practitioner.\n\nThe answer is (F).",
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"content": "Why are parvoviruses a highly impactful parasite?\nA. They are able to alter the host's DNA\nB. Because they have no nucleic acid\nC. They can survive in extreme temperatures\nD. Only replicate in dividing cells\nE. They can infect multiple species\nF. They don't require a host to survive\nG. Can integrate into host chromosomes",
"role": "user"
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on virology for help.\n\nParoviruses are highly impactful because they do not have nucleic acid.\n\nThe answer is (B).",
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"content": "The activity of creatine kinase is:\nA. Increased when muscle pH is above 7.1.\nB. always lower in Type II fibres than Type I fibres.\nC. increased after a period of endurance training.\nD. Always the same in Type II and Type I fibres.\nE. Unchanged when muscle pH falls below 6.9.\nF. increased when intracellular ADP rises.\nG. increased when muscle pH falls below 6.9.\nH. Decreased when intracellular ADP rises.",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on biochemistry for help.\n\nThe activity of creatine kinase is related to the energy status of the cell, and it is increased when intracellular ADP and subsequently ATP turnover rises.\n\nTherefore, the activity of creatine kinase is increased when intracellular ADP rises.\n\nThe answer is (F).\n\n",
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F
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F
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[
{
"content": "The following are multiple choice questions (with answers) about health. Think step by step and then finish your answer with \"the answer is (X)\" where X is the correct letter choice.\nEach reasoning step in your response should end with two line breaks.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "Which of the following is the body cavity that contains the pituitary gland?\nA. Ventral\nB. Dorsal\nC. Buccal\nD. Thoracic\nE. Pericardial\nF. Abdominal\nG. Spinal\nH. Pelvic\nI. Pleural\nJ. Cranial",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on anatomy for help.\n\nLet’s solve this problem step by step.\n\nThe pituitary gland is the major endocrine gland attached to the base of the brain, and it is contained in the Cranial cavity.\n\nThe answer is (J).",
"role": "assistant"
},
{
"content": "What is the embryological origin of the hyoid bone?\nA. The third and fourth pharyngeal arches\nB. The fourth pharyngeal arch\nC. The third pharyngeal arch\nD. The second pharyngeal arch\nE. The second, third and fourth pharyngeal arches\nF. The first pharyngeal arch\nG. The second and third pharyngeal arches\nH. The first and third pharyngeal arches\nI. The first, second and third pharyngeal arches\nJ. The first and second pharyngeal arches",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on anatomy for help.\n\nLet’s solve this problem step by step.\n\nThe hyoid bone, which is also known as the hyooid, is a a small U-shaped bone located in the anterior neck.\n\nIn its resting position, it lies between the ase of the mandible and the third cervical vertebrae.\n\nWe know that the second and the third pharyngeal arches give rise to the horns of the hyoid bone; therefore, the embryological origin of the hyoid bone are the second and the third pharyngeal arches—this information is covered in option (G).\n\nTherefore, we conclude that (G) must be the correct answer.\n\nThe answer is (G).",
"role": "assistant"
},
{
"content": "What is the difference between a male and a female catheter?\nA. Female catheters are used more frequently than male catheters.\nB. Male catheters are bigger than female catheters.\nC. Male catheters are more flexible than female catheters.\nD. Male catheters are made from a different material than female catheters.\nE. Female catheters are longer than male catheters.\nF. Male catheters are longer than female catheters.\nG. Female catheters are bigger than male catheters.\nH. Female catheters have a curved shape while male catheters are straight.\nI. Male and female catheters are different colours.\nJ. Male catheters have a smaller diameter than female catheters.",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on clinical knowledge for help.\n\nThe difference between a male and female catheter is that male catheters tend to be longer than female catheters.\n\nThe answer is (F).",
"role": "assistant"
},
{
"content": "How many attempts should you make to cannulate a patient before passing the job on to a senior colleague, according to the medical knowledge of 2020?\nA. 1\nB. Unlimited attempts\nC. 5\nD. 0, always pass on to a senior colleague\nE. 7\nF. 2\nG. 4\nH. 6\nI. 3\nJ. 8",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on clinical knowledge for help.\n\nAccording to the medical protocol as of 2020, you should make two attempts to cannulate a patient before passing the job on to a more-senior practitioner.\n\nThe answer is (F).",
"role": "assistant"
},
{
"content": "Why are parvoviruses a highly impactful parasite?\nA. They are able to alter the host's DNA\nB. Because they have no nucleic acid\nC. They can survive in extreme temperatures\nD. Only replicate in dividing cells\nE. They can infect multiple species\nF. They don't require a host to survive\nG. Can integrate into host chromosomes",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on virology for help.\n\nParoviruses are highly impactful because they do not have nucleic acid.\n\nThe answer is (B).",
"role": "assistant"
},
{
"content": "The activity of creatine kinase is:\nA. Increased when muscle pH is above 7.1.\nB. always lower in Type II fibres than Type I fibres.\nC. increased after a period of endurance training.\nD. Always the same in Type II and Type I fibres.\nE. Unchanged when muscle pH falls below 6.9.\nF. increased when intracellular ADP rises.\nG. increased when muscle pH falls below 6.9.\nH. Decreased when intracellular ADP rises.",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on biochemistry for help.\n\nLet's analyze this step by step.\n\nCreatine kinase (CK) is an enzyme that plays a key role in the transfer of energy in the form of phosphate groups. It catalyzes the transfer of a phosphate group from high-energy, phosphate-donating molecules to create phosphocreatine and ADP.\n\nWhen intracellular ADP rises, the energy levels are low and the muscle needs to replenish its energy stores. CK transfers the phosphate group from phosphocreatine to ADP, regenerating ATP and restoring energy levels in the muscle cell.\n\nThis indicates that when intracellular ADP rises, the activity of creatine kinase is indeed increased, as it needs to work harder to replenish the energy stores.\n\nThe answer is (F).",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
F
|
F
| 0.998218
| true
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"content": "The following are multiple choice questions (with answers) about health. Think step by step and then finish your answer with \"the answer is (X)\" where X is the correct letter choice.\nEach reasoning step in your response should end with two line breaks.",
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"content": "Which of the following is the body cavity that contains the pituitary gland?\nA. Ventral\nB. Dorsal\nC. Buccal\nD. Thoracic\nE. Pericardial\nF. Abdominal\nG. Spinal\nH. Pelvic\nI. Pleural\nJ. Cranial",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on anatomy for help.\n\nLet’s solve this problem step by step.\n\nThe pituitary gland is the major endocrine gland attached to the base of the brain, and it is contained in the Cranial cavity.\n\nThe answer is (J).",
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"content": "What is the embryological origin of the hyoid bone?\nA. The third and fourth pharyngeal arches\nB. The fourth pharyngeal arch\nC. The third pharyngeal arch\nD. The second pharyngeal arch\nE. The second, third and fourth pharyngeal arches\nF. The first pharyngeal arch\nG. The second and third pharyngeal arches\nH. The first and third pharyngeal arches\nI. The first, second and third pharyngeal arches\nJ. The first and second pharyngeal arches",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on anatomy for help.\n\nLet’s solve this problem step by step.\n\nThe hyoid bone, which is also known as the hyooid, is a a small U-shaped bone located in the anterior neck.\n\nIn its resting position, it lies between the ase of the mandible and the third cervical vertebrae.\n\nWe know that the second and the third pharyngeal arches give rise to the horns of the hyoid bone; therefore, the embryological origin of the hyoid bone are the second and the third pharyngeal arches—this information is covered in option (G).\n\nTherefore, we conclude that (G) must be the correct answer.\n\nThe answer is (G).",
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"content": "What is the difference between a male and a female catheter?\nA. Female catheters are used more frequently than male catheters.\nB. Male catheters are bigger than female catheters.\nC. Male catheters are more flexible than female catheters.\nD. Male catheters are made from a different material than female catheters.\nE. Female catheters are longer than male catheters.\nF. Male catheters are longer than female catheters.\nG. Female catheters are bigger than male catheters.\nH. Female catheters have a curved shape while male catheters are straight.\nI. Male and female catheters are different colours.\nJ. Male catheters have a smaller diameter than female catheters.",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on clinical knowledge for help.\n\nThe difference between a male and female catheter is that male catheters tend to be longer than female catheters.\n\nThe answer is (F).",
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"content": "How many attempts should you make to cannulate a patient before passing the job on to a senior colleague, according to the medical knowledge of 2020?\nA. 1\nB. Unlimited attempts\nC. 5\nD. 0, always pass on to a senior colleague\nE. 7\nF. 2\nG. 4\nH. 6\nI. 3\nJ. 8",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on clinical knowledge for help.\n\nAccording to the medical protocol as of 2020, you should make two attempts to cannulate a patient before passing the job on to a more-senior practitioner.\n\nThe answer is (F).",
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"content": "Why are parvoviruses a highly impactful parasite?\nA. They are able to alter the host's DNA\nB. Because they have no nucleic acid\nC. They can survive in extreme temperatures\nD. Only replicate in dividing cells\nE. They can infect multiple species\nF. They don't require a host to survive\nG. Can integrate into host chromosomes",
"role": "user"
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on virology for help.\n\nParoviruses are highly impactful because they do not have nucleic acid.\n\nThe answer is (B).",
"role": "assistant"
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"content": "The activity of creatine kinase is:\nA. Increased when muscle pH is above 7.1.\nB. always lower in Type II fibres than Type I fibres.\nC. increased after a period of endurance training.\nD. Always the same in Type II and Type I fibres.\nE. Unchanged when muscle pH falls below 6.9.\nF. increased when intracellular ADP rises.\nG. increased when muscle pH falls below 6.9.\nH. Decreased when intracellular ADP rises.",
"role": "user"
},
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on biochemistry for help.\n\nThe activity of creatine kinase is increased when intracellular ADP rises, as the enzyme is typically involved in the regeneration of ATP from ADP, often through the transfer of high-energy phosphate.\n\nThis typically occurs in muscles with high energy requirements, and when intracellular ADP levels are high, the need for ATP regeneration increases.\n\nThe answer is (F).\n\n",
"role": "assistant"
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F
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F
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"content": "The following are multiple choice questions (with answers) about health. Think step by step and then finish your answer with \"the answer is (X)\" where X is the correct letter choice.\nEach reasoning step in your response should end with two line breaks.",
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"content": "Which of the following is the body cavity that contains the pituitary gland?\nA. Ventral\nB. Dorsal\nC. Buccal\nD. Thoracic\nE. Pericardial\nF. Abdominal\nG. Spinal\nH. Pelvic\nI. Pleural\nJ. Cranial",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on anatomy for help.\n\nLet’s solve this problem step by step.\n\nThe pituitary gland is the major endocrine gland attached to the base of the brain, and it is contained in the Cranial cavity.\n\nThe answer is (J).",
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"content": "What is the embryological origin of the hyoid bone?\nA. The third and fourth pharyngeal arches\nB. The fourth pharyngeal arch\nC. The third pharyngeal arch\nD. The second pharyngeal arch\nE. The second, third and fourth pharyngeal arches\nF. The first pharyngeal arch\nG. The second and third pharyngeal arches\nH. The first and third pharyngeal arches\nI. The first, second and third pharyngeal arches\nJ. The first and second pharyngeal arches",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on anatomy for help.\n\nLet’s solve this problem step by step.\n\nThe hyoid bone, which is also known as the hyooid, is a a small U-shaped bone located in the anterior neck.\n\nIn its resting position, it lies between the ase of the mandible and the third cervical vertebrae.\n\nWe know that the second and the third pharyngeal arches give rise to the horns of the hyoid bone; therefore, the embryological origin of the hyoid bone are the second and the third pharyngeal arches—this information is covered in option (G).\n\nTherefore, we conclude that (G) must be the correct answer.\n\nThe answer is (G).",
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"content": "What is the difference between a male and a female catheter?\nA. Female catheters are used more frequently than male catheters.\nB. Male catheters are bigger than female catheters.\nC. Male catheters are more flexible than female catheters.\nD. Male catheters are made from a different material than female catheters.\nE. Female catheters are longer than male catheters.\nF. Male catheters are longer than female catheters.\nG. Female catheters are bigger than male catheters.\nH. Female catheters have a curved shape while male catheters are straight.\nI. Male and female catheters are different colours.\nJ. Male catheters have a smaller diameter than female catheters.",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on clinical knowledge for help.\n\nThe difference between a male and female catheter is that male catheters tend to be longer than female catheters.\n\nThe answer is (F).",
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"content": "How many attempts should you make to cannulate a patient before passing the job on to a senior colleague, according to the medical knowledge of 2020?\nA. 1\nB. Unlimited attempts\nC. 5\nD. 0, always pass on to a senior colleague\nE. 7\nF. 2\nG. 4\nH. 6\nI. 3\nJ. 8",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on clinical knowledge for help.\n\nAccording to the medical protocol as of 2020, you should make two attempts to cannulate a patient before passing the job on to a more-senior practitioner.\n\nThe answer is (F).",
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"content": "Why are parvoviruses a highly impactful parasite?\nA. They are able to alter the host's DNA\nB. Because they have no nucleic acid\nC. They can survive in extreme temperatures\nD. Only replicate in dividing cells\nE. They can infect multiple species\nF. They don't require a host to survive\nG. Can integrate into host chromosomes",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on virology for help.\n\nParoviruses are highly impactful because they do not have nucleic acid.\n\nThe answer is (B).",
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"content": "The activity of creatine kinase is:\nA. Increased when muscle pH is above 7.1.\nB. always lower in Type II fibres than Type I fibres.\nC. increased after a period of endurance training.\nD. Always the same in Type II and Type I fibres.\nE. Unchanged when muscle pH falls below 6.9.\nF. increased when intracellular ADP rises.\nG. increased when muscle pH falls below 6.9.\nH. Decreased when intracellular ADP rises.",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on biochemistry for help.\n\nThe activity of creatine kinase is increased when intracellular ADP rises.\n\nThe answer is (F).\n\n",
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{
"content": "The following are multiple choice questions (with answers) about health. Think step by step and then finish your answer with \"the answer is (X)\" where X is the correct letter choice.\nEach reasoning step in your response should end with two line breaks.",
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"content": "Which of the following is the body cavity that contains the pituitary gland?\nA. Ventral\nB. Dorsal\nC. Buccal\nD. Thoracic\nE. Pericardial\nF. Abdominal\nG. Spinal\nH. Pelvic\nI. Pleural\nJ. Cranial",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on anatomy for help.\n\nLet’s solve this problem step by step.\n\nThe pituitary gland is the major endocrine gland attached to the base of the brain, and it is contained in the Cranial cavity.\n\nThe answer is (J).",
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"content": "What is the embryological origin of the hyoid bone?\nA. The third and fourth pharyngeal arches\nB. The fourth pharyngeal arch\nC. The third pharyngeal arch\nD. The second pharyngeal arch\nE. The second, third and fourth pharyngeal arches\nF. The first pharyngeal arch\nG. The second and third pharyngeal arches\nH. The first and third pharyngeal arches\nI. The first, second and third pharyngeal arches\nJ. The first and second pharyngeal arches",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on anatomy for help.\n\nLet’s solve this problem step by step.\n\nThe hyoid bone, which is also known as the hyooid, is a a small U-shaped bone located in the anterior neck.\n\nIn its resting position, it lies between the ase of the mandible and the third cervical vertebrae.\n\nWe know that the second and the third pharyngeal arches give rise to the horns of the hyoid bone; therefore, the embryological origin of the hyoid bone are the second and the third pharyngeal arches—this information is covered in option (G).\n\nTherefore, we conclude that (G) must be the correct answer.\n\nThe answer is (G).",
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"content": "What is the difference between a male and a female catheter?\nA. Female catheters are used more frequently than male catheters.\nB. Male catheters are bigger than female catheters.\nC. Male catheters are more flexible than female catheters.\nD. Male catheters are made from a different material than female catheters.\nE. Female catheters are longer than male catheters.\nF. Male catheters are longer than female catheters.\nG. Female catheters are bigger than male catheters.\nH. Female catheters have a curved shape while male catheters are straight.\nI. Male and female catheters are different colours.\nJ. Male catheters have a smaller diameter than female catheters.",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on clinical knowledge for help.\n\nThe difference between a male and female catheter is that male catheters tend to be longer than female catheters.\n\nThe answer is (F).",
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"content": "How many attempts should you make to cannulate a patient before passing the job on to a senior colleague, according to the medical knowledge of 2020?\nA. 1\nB. Unlimited attempts\nC. 5\nD. 0, always pass on to a senior colleague\nE. 7\nF. 2\nG. 4\nH. 6\nI. 3\nJ. 8",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on clinical knowledge for help.\n\nAccording to the medical protocol as of 2020, you should make two attempts to cannulate a patient before passing the job on to a more-senior practitioner.\n\nThe answer is (F).",
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"content": "Why are parvoviruses a highly impactful parasite?\nA. They are able to alter the host's DNA\nB. Because they have no nucleic acid\nC. They can survive in extreme temperatures\nD. Only replicate in dividing cells\nE. They can infect multiple species\nF. They don't require a host to survive\nG. Can integrate into host chromosomes",
"role": "user"
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on virology for help.\n\nParoviruses are highly impactful because they do not have nucleic acid.\n\nThe answer is (B).",
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"content": "The activity of creatine kinase is:\nA. Increased when muscle pH is above 7.1.\nB. always lower in Type II fibres than Type I fibres.\nC. increased after a period of endurance training.\nD. Always the same in Type II and Type I fibres.\nE. Unchanged when muscle pH falls below 6.9.\nF. increased when intracellular ADP rises.\nG. increased when muscle pH falls below 6.9.\nH. Decreased when intracellular ADP rises.",
"role": "user"
},
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on biochemistry for help.\n\nThe activity of creatine kinase is increased when intracellular ADP rises.\n\nThis is because creatine kinase is an enzyme that catalyzes the phosphocreatine + ADP ⇌ Creatine + ATP reaction, which is crucial in the body's energy production system.\n\nWhen intracellular ADP levels rise, it signals that the cell is in need of energy, and the creatine kinase reaction is shifted towards producing ATP from phosphocreatine, thus increasing the enzyme's activity.\n\nThe answer is (F).\n\n",
"role": "assistant"
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F
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F
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"content": "The following are multiple choice questions (with answers) about health. Think step by step and then finish your answer with \"the answer is (X)\" where X is the correct letter choice.\nEach reasoning step in your response should end with two line breaks.",
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"content": "Which of the following is the body cavity that contains the pituitary gland?\nA. Ventral\nB. Dorsal\nC. Buccal\nD. Thoracic\nE. Pericardial\nF. Abdominal\nG. Spinal\nH. Pelvic\nI. Pleural\nJ. Cranial",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on anatomy for help.\n\nLet’s solve this problem step by step.\n\nThe pituitary gland is the major endocrine gland attached to the base of the brain, and it is contained in the Cranial cavity.\n\nThe answer is (J).",
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"content": "What is the embryological origin of the hyoid bone?\nA. The third and fourth pharyngeal arches\nB. The fourth pharyngeal arch\nC. The third pharyngeal arch\nD. The second pharyngeal arch\nE. The second, third and fourth pharyngeal arches\nF. The first pharyngeal arch\nG. The second and third pharyngeal arches\nH. The first and third pharyngeal arches\nI. The first, second and third pharyngeal arches\nJ. The first and second pharyngeal arches",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on anatomy for help.\n\nLet’s solve this problem step by step.\n\nThe hyoid bone, which is also known as the hyooid, is a a small U-shaped bone located in the anterior neck.\n\nIn its resting position, it lies between the ase of the mandible and the third cervical vertebrae.\n\nWe know that the second and the third pharyngeal arches give rise to the horns of the hyoid bone; therefore, the embryological origin of the hyoid bone are the second and the third pharyngeal arches—this information is covered in option (G).\n\nTherefore, we conclude that (G) must be the correct answer.\n\nThe answer is (G).",
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"content": "What is the difference between a male and a female catheter?\nA. Female catheters are used more frequently than male catheters.\nB. Male catheters are bigger than female catheters.\nC. Male catheters are more flexible than female catheters.\nD. Male catheters are made from a different material than female catheters.\nE. Female catheters are longer than male catheters.\nF. Male catheters are longer than female catheters.\nG. Female catheters are bigger than male catheters.\nH. Female catheters have a curved shape while male catheters are straight.\nI. Male and female catheters are different colours.\nJ. Male catheters have a smaller diameter than female catheters.",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on clinical knowledge for help.\n\nThe difference between a male and female catheter is that male catheters tend to be longer than female catheters.\n\nThe answer is (F).",
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"content": "How many attempts should you make to cannulate a patient before passing the job on to a senior colleague, according to the medical knowledge of 2020?\nA. 1\nB. Unlimited attempts\nC. 5\nD. 0, always pass on to a senior colleague\nE. 7\nF. 2\nG. 4\nH. 6\nI. 3\nJ. 8",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on clinical knowledge for help.\n\nAccording to the medical protocol as of 2020, you should make two attempts to cannulate a patient before passing the job on to a more-senior practitioner.\n\nThe answer is (F).",
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"content": "Why are parvoviruses a highly impactful parasite?\nA. They are able to alter the host's DNA\nB. Because they have no nucleic acid\nC. They can survive in extreme temperatures\nD. Only replicate in dividing cells\nE. They can infect multiple species\nF. They don't require a host to survive\nG. Can integrate into host chromosomes",
"role": "user"
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on virology for help.\n\nParoviruses are highly impactful because they do not have nucleic acid.\n\nThe answer is (B).",
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"content": "The activity of creatine kinase is:\nA. Increased when muscle pH is above 7.1.\nB. always lower in Type II fibres than Type I fibres.\nC. increased after a period of endurance training.\nD. Always the same in Type II and Type I fibres.\nE. Unchanged when muscle pH falls below 6.9.\nF. increased when intracellular ADP rises.\nG. increased when muscle pH falls below 6.9.\nH. Decreased when intracellular ADP rises.",
"role": "user"
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on biochemistry for help.\n\nLet’s solve this problem step by step.\n\nThe activity of creatine kinase is primarily involved in the regeneration of ATP from ADP when intracellular ADP levels are high. \n\nThis process is most active when the cell needs ATP quickly, such as during intense exercise.\n\nThe high energy environment associated with intense exercise is low in ADP which is the opposite from the scenario described in option (F).\n\nHowever, the low pH described in options (A) and (G) will result in less substrate available for the reaction; therefore, they are not correct.\n\nWe know that in endurance-training, there is an increase in Type I fibres while there is a decrease of Type II fibres. \n\nIn Type I fibres , which are used for long-duration, low-energy activities, the activity of creatine kinase is lower compared to Type II fibres which are used for short-duration, high-energy activities.\n\nTherefore, we can conclude that option (B), which states that the activity of creatine kinase is always lower in Type II fibres than Type I fibres, is not correct.\n\nHence, the correct answer is not (F), (B), (A) or (G). However, the increase in intracellular ADP is the correct answer to this question.\n\nThe answer is (F).",
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"content": "The following are multiple choice questions (with answers) about health. Think step by step and then finish your answer with \"the answer is (X)\" where X is the correct letter choice.\nEach reasoning step in your response should end with two line breaks.",
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"content": "Which of the following is the body cavity that contains the pituitary gland?\nA. Ventral\nB. Dorsal\nC. Buccal\nD. Thoracic\nE. Pericardial\nF. Abdominal\nG. Spinal\nH. Pelvic\nI. Pleural\nJ. Cranial",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on anatomy for help.\n\nLet’s solve this problem step by step.\n\nThe pituitary gland is the major endocrine gland attached to the base of the brain, and it is contained in the Cranial cavity.\n\nThe answer is (J).",
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"content": "What is the embryological origin of the hyoid bone?\nA. The third and fourth pharyngeal arches\nB. The fourth pharyngeal arch\nC. The third pharyngeal arch\nD. The second pharyngeal arch\nE. The second, third and fourth pharyngeal arches\nF. The first pharyngeal arch\nG. The second and third pharyngeal arches\nH. The first and third pharyngeal arches\nI. The first, second and third pharyngeal arches\nJ. The first and second pharyngeal arches",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on anatomy for help.\n\nLet’s solve this problem step by step.\n\nThe hyoid bone, which is also known as the hyooid, is a a small U-shaped bone located in the anterior neck.\n\nIn its resting position, it lies between the ase of the mandible and the third cervical vertebrae.\n\nWe know that the second and the third pharyngeal arches give rise to the horns of the hyoid bone; therefore, the embryological origin of the hyoid bone are the second and the third pharyngeal arches—this information is covered in option (G).\n\nTherefore, we conclude that (G) must be the correct answer.\n\nThe answer is (G).",
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"content": "What is the difference between a male and a female catheter?\nA. Female catheters are used more frequently than male catheters.\nB. Male catheters are bigger than female catheters.\nC. Male catheters are more flexible than female catheters.\nD. Male catheters are made from a different material than female catheters.\nE. Female catheters are longer than male catheters.\nF. Male catheters are longer than female catheters.\nG. Female catheters are bigger than male catheters.\nH. Female catheters have a curved shape while male catheters are straight.\nI. Male and female catheters are different colours.\nJ. Male catheters have a smaller diameter than female catheters.",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on clinical knowledge for help.\n\nThe difference between a male and female catheter is that male catheters tend to be longer than female catheters.\n\nThe answer is (F).",
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"content": "How many attempts should you make to cannulate a patient before passing the job on to a senior colleague, according to the medical knowledge of 2020?\nA. 1\nB. Unlimited attempts\nC. 5\nD. 0, always pass on to a senior colleague\nE. 7\nF. 2\nG. 4\nH. 6\nI. 3\nJ. 8",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on clinical knowledge for help.\n\nAccording to the medical protocol as of 2020, you should make two attempts to cannulate a patient before passing the job on to a more-senior practitioner.\n\nThe answer is (F).",
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"content": "Why are parvoviruses a highly impactful parasite?\nA. They are able to alter the host's DNA\nB. Because they have no nucleic acid\nC. They can survive in extreme temperatures\nD. Only replicate in dividing cells\nE. They can infect multiple species\nF. They don't require a host to survive\nG. Can integrate into host chromosomes",
"role": "user"
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on virology for help.\n\nParoviruses are highly impactful because they do not have nucleic acid.\n\nThe answer is (B).",
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"content": "The activity of creatine kinase is:\nA. Increased when muscle pH is above 7.1.\nB. always lower in Type II fibres than Type I fibres.\nC. increased after a period of endurance training.\nD. Always the same in Type II and Type I fibres.\nE. Unchanged when muscle pH falls below 6.9.\nF. increased when intracellular ADP rises.\nG. increased when muscle pH falls below 6.9.\nH. Decreased when intracellular ADP rises.",
"role": "user"
},
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on biochemistry for help.\n\nCreatine kinase is an enzyme that catalyzes the reversible transfer of a phosphate group from high-energy, phosphate-donating molecules to create phosphocreatine and ADP.\n\nThe activity of creatine kinase is increased when intracellular ADP rises, meaning that when the ATP / ADP ratio falls, which is often the case during intense exercise, the creatine kinase works faster to create more phosphocreatine.\n\nThe answer is (F).\n\n",
"role": "assistant"
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F
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F
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"content": "The following are multiple choice questions (with answers) about health. Think step by step and then finish your answer with \"the answer is (X)\" where X is the correct letter choice.\nEach reasoning step in your response should end with two line breaks.",
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"content": "Which of the following is the body cavity that contains the pituitary gland?\nA. Ventral\nB. Dorsal\nC. Buccal\nD. Thoracic\nE. Pericardial\nF. Abdominal\nG. Spinal\nH. Pelvic\nI. Pleural\nJ. Cranial",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on anatomy for help.\n\nLet’s solve this problem step by step.\n\nThe pituitary gland is the major endocrine gland attached to the base of the brain, and it is contained in the Cranial cavity.\n\nThe answer is (J).",
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"content": "What is the embryological origin of the hyoid bone?\nA. The third and fourth pharyngeal arches\nB. The fourth pharyngeal arch\nC. The third pharyngeal arch\nD. The second pharyngeal arch\nE. The second, third and fourth pharyngeal arches\nF. The first pharyngeal arch\nG. The second and third pharyngeal arches\nH. The first and third pharyngeal arches\nI. The first, second and third pharyngeal arches\nJ. The first and second pharyngeal arches",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on anatomy for help.\n\nLet’s solve this problem step by step.\n\nThe hyoid bone, which is also known as the hyooid, is a a small U-shaped bone located in the anterior neck.\n\nIn its resting position, it lies between the ase of the mandible and the third cervical vertebrae.\n\nWe know that the second and the third pharyngeal arches give rise to the horns of the hyoid bone; therefore, the embryological origin of the hyoid bone are the second and the third pharyngeal arches—this information is covered in option (G).\n\nTherefore, we conclude that (G) must be the correct answer.\n\nThe answer is (G).",
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"content": "What is the difference between a male and a female catheter?\nA. Female catheters are used more frequently than male catheters.\nB. Male catheters are bigger than female catheters.\nC. Male catheters are more flexible than female catheters.\nD. Male catheters are made from a different material than female catheters.\nE. Female catheters are longer than male catheters.\nF. Male catheters are longer than female catheters.\nG. Female catheters are bigger than male catheters.\nH. Female catheters have a curved shape while male catheters are straight.\nI. Male and female catheters are different colours.\nJ. Male catheters have a smaller diameter than female catheters.",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on clinical knowledge for help.\n\nThe difference between a male and female catheter is that male catheters tend to be longer than female catheters.\n\nThe answer is (F).",
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"content": "How many attempts should you make to cannulate a patient before passing the job on to a senior colleague, according to the medical knowledge of 2020?\nA. 1\nB. Unlimited attempts\nC. 5\nD. 0, always pass on to a senior colleague\nE. 7\nF. 2\nG. 4\nH. 6\nI. 3\nJ. 8",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on clinical knowledge for help.\n\nAccording to the medical protocol as of 2020, you should make two attempts to cannulate a patient before passing the job on to a more-senior practitioner.\n\nThe answer is (F).",
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"content": "Why are parvoviruses a highly impactful parasite?\nA. They are able to alter the host's DNA\nB. Because they have no nucleic acid\nC. They can survive in extreme temperatures\nD. Only replicate in dividing cells\nE. They can infect multiple species\nF. They don't require a host to survive\nG. Can integrate into host chromosomes",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on virology for help.\n\nParoviruses are highly impactful because they do not have nucleic acid.\n\nThe answer is (B).",
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"content": "The activity of creatine kinase is:\nA. Increased when muscle pH is above 7.1.\nB. always lower in Type II fibres than Type I fibres.\nC. increased after a period of endurance training.\nD. Always the same in Type II and Type I fibres.\nE. Unchanged when muscle pH falls below 6.9.\nF. increased when intracellular ADP rises.\nG. increased when muscle pH falls below 6.9.\nH. Decreased when intracellular ADP rises.",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on biochemistry for help.\n\nThe activity of creatine kinase is increased when intracellular ADP rises.\n\nThe answer is (F).\n\n",
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F
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F
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[
{
"content": "The following are multiple choice questions (with answers) about health. Think step by step and then finish your answer with \"the answer is (X)\" where X is the correct letter choice.\nEach reasoning step in your response should end with two line breaks.",
"role": "system"
},
{
"content": "Which of the following is the body cavity that contains the pituitary gland?\nA. Ventral\nB. Dorsal\nC. Buccal\nD. Thoracic\nE. Pericardial\nF. Abdominal\nG. Spinal\nH. Pelvic\nI. Pleural\nJ. Cranial",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on anatomy for help.\n\nLet’s solve this problem step by step.\n\nThe pituitary gland is the major endocrine gland attached to the base of the brain, and it is contained in the Cranial cavity.\n\nThe answer is (J).",
"role": "assistant"
},
{
"content": "What is the embryological origin of the hyoid bone?\nA. The third and fourth pharyngeal arches\nB. The fourth pharyngeal arch\nC. The third pharyngeal arch\nD. The second pharyngeal arch\nE. The second, third and fourth pharyngeal arches\nF. The first pharyngeal arch\nG. The second and third pharyngeal arches\nH. The first and third pharyngeal arches\nI. The first, second and third pharyngeal arches\nJ. The first and second pharyngeal arches",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on anatomy for help.\n\nLet’s solve this problem step by step.\n\nThe hyoid bone, which is also known as the hyooid, is a a small U-shaped bone located in the anterior neck.\n\nIn its resting position, it lies between the ase of the mandible and the third cervical vertebrae.\n\nWe know that the second and the third pharyngeal arches give rise to the horns of the hyoid bone; therefore, the embryological origin of the hyoid bone are the second and the third pharyngeal arches—this information is covered in option (G).\n\nTherefore, we conclude that (G) must be the correct answer.\n\nThe answer is (G).",
"role": "assistant"
},
{
"content": "What is the difference between a male and a female catheter?\nA. Female catheters are used more frequently than male catheters.\nB. Male catheters are bigger than female catheters.\nC. Male catheters are more flexible than female catheters.\nD. Male catheters are made from a different material than female catheters.\nE. Female catheters are longer than male catheters.\nF. Male catheters are longer than female catheters.\nG. Female catheters are bigger than male catheters.\nH. Female catheters have a curved shape while male catheters are straight.\nI. Male and female catheters are different colours.\nJ. Male catheters have a smaller diameter than female catheters.",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on clinical knowledge for help.\n\nThe difference between a male and female catheter is that male catheters tend to be longer than female catheters.\n\nThe answer is (F).",
"role": "assistant"
},
{
"content": "How many attempts should you make to cannulate a patient before passing the job on to a senior colleague, according to the medical knowledge of 2020?\nA. 1\nB. Unlimited attempts\nC. 5\nD. 0, always pass on to a senior colleague\nE. 7\nF. 2\nG. 4\nH. 6\nI. 3\nJ. 8",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on clinical knowledge for help.\n\nAccording to the medical protocol as of 2020, you should make two attempts to cannulate a patient before passing the job on to a more-senior practitioner.\n\nThe answer is (F).",
"role": "assistant"
},
{
"content": "Why are parvoviruses a highly impactful parasite?\nA. They are able to alter the host's DNA\nB. Because they have no nucleic acid\nC. They can survive in extreme temperatures\nD. Only replicate in dividing cells\nE. They can infect multiple species\nF. They don't require a host to survive\nG. Can integrate into host chromosomes",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on virology for help.\n\nParoviruses are highly impactful because they do not have nucleic acid.\n\nThe answer is (B).",
"role": "assistant"
},
{
"content": "Which virus infection was not first identified by clinical observation?\nA. HIV\nB. Rubella teratogenicity\nC. Microcephaly and Zika\nD. Hepatitis C",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on virology for help.\n\nHepatitis C virus (HCV) was first identified by a non-clinical method, as it was initially discovered using a blood screening test rather than through a patient's symptoms or clinical observation.\n\nThe answer is (D).\n\n",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
D
|
D
| 0.942507
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{
"content": "The following are multiple choice questions (with answers) about health. Think step by step and then finish your answer with \"the answer is (X)\" where X is the correct letter choice.\nEach reasoning step in your response should end with two line breaks.",
"role": "system"
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"content": "Which of the following is the body cavity that contains the pituitary gland?\nA. Ventral\nB. Dorsal\nC. Buccal\nD. Thoracic\nE. Pericardial\nF. Abdominal\nG. Spinal\nH. Pelvic\nI. Pleural\nJ. Cranial",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on anatomy for help.\n\nLet’s solve this problem step by step.\n\nThe pituitary gland is the major endocrine gland attached to the base of the brain, and it is contained in the Cranial cavity.\n\nThe answer is (J).",
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"content": "What is the embryological origin of the hyoid bone?\nA. The third and fourth pharyngeal arches\nB. The fourth pharyngeal arch\nC. The third pharyngeal arch\nD. The second pharyngeal arch\nE. The second, third and fourth pharyngeal arches\nF. The first pharyngeal arch\nG. The second and third pharyngeal arches\nH. The first and third pharyngeal arches\nI. The first, second and third pharyngeal arches\nJ. The first and second pharyngeal arches",
"role": "user"
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on anatomy for help.\n\nLet’s solve this problem step by step.\n\nThe hyoid bone, which is also known as the hyooid, is a a small U-shaped bone located in the anterior neck.\n\nIn its resting position, it lies between the ase of the mandible and the third cervical vertebrae.\n\nWe know that the second and the third pharyngeal arches give rise to the horns of the hyoid bone; therefore, the embryological origin of the hyoid bone are the second and the third pharyngeal arches—this information is covered in option (G).\n\nTherefore, we conclude that (G) must be the correct answer.\n\nThe answer is (G).",
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"content": "What is the difference between a male and a female catheter?\nA. Female catheters are used more frequently than male catheters.\nB. Male catheters are bigger than female catheters.\nC. Male catheters are more flexible than female catheters.\nD. Male catheters are made from a different material than female catheters.\nE. Female catheters are longer than male catheters.\nF. Male catheters are longer than female catheters.\nG. Female catheters are bigger than male catheters.\nH. Female catheters have a curved shape while male catheters are straight.\nI. Male and female catheters are different colours.\nJ. Male catheters have a smaller diameter than female catheters.",
"role": "user"
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on clinical knowledge for help.\n\nThe difference between a male and female catheter is that male catheters tend to be longer than female catheters.\n\nThe answer is (F).",
"role": "assistant"
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"content": "How many attempts should you make to cannulate a patient before passing the job on to a senior colleague, according to the medical knowledge of 2020?\nA. 1\nB. Unlimited attempts\nC. 5\nD. 0, always pass on to a senior colleague\nE. 7\nF. 2\nG. 4\nH. 6\nI. 3\nJ. 8",
"role": "user"
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on clinical knowledge for help.\n\nAccording to the medical protocol as of 2020, you should make two attempts to cannulate a patient before passing the job on to a more-senior practitioner.\n\nThe answer is (F).",
"role": "assistant"
},
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"content": "Why are parvoviruses a highly impactful parasite?\nA. They are able to alter the host's DNA\nB. Because they have no nucleic acid\nC. They can survive in extreme temperatures\nD. Only replicate in dividing cells\nE. They can infect multiple species\nF. They don't require a host to survive\nG. Can integrate into host chromosomes",
"role": "user"
},
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on virology for help.\n\nParoviruses are highly impactful because they do not have nucleic acid.\n\nThe answer is (B).",
"role": "assistant"
},
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"content": "Which virus infection was not first identified by clinical observation?\nA. HIV\nB. Rubella teratogenicity\nC. Microcephaly and Zika\nD. Hepatitis C",
"role": "user"
},
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on virology for help.\n\nThe first three virus infections were identified by clinical observation. \n\nHepatitis C, however, was first identified by serology in 1975, following the discovery of the virus two years earlier by the electron microscopy, but the actual electron microscopic image of the virus does not appear until 1989.\n\nThe answer is (D).\n\n",
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"content": "The following are multiple choice questions (with answers) about health. Think step by step and then finish your answer with \"the answer is (X)\" where X is the correct letter choice.\nEach reasoning step in your response should end with two line breaks.",
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"content": "Which of the following is the body cavity that contains the pituitary gland?\nA. Ventral\nB. Dorsal\nC. Buccal\nD. Thoracic\nE. Pericardial\nF. Abdominal\nG. Spinal\nH. Pelvic\nI. Pleural\nJ. Cranial",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on anatomy for help.\n\nLet’s solve this problem step by step.\n\nThe pituitary gland is the major endocrine gland attached to the base of the brain, and it is contained in the Cranial cavity.\n\nThe answer is (J).",
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"content": "What is the embryological origin of the hyoid bone?\nA. The third and fourth pharyngeal arches\nB. The fourth pharyngeal arch\nC. The third pharyngeal arch\nD. The second pharyngeal arch\nE. The second, third and fourth pharyngeal arches\nF. The first pharyngeal arch\nG. The second and third pharyngeal arches\nH. The first and third pharyngeal arches\nI. The first, second and third pharyngeal arches\nJ. The first and second pharyngeal arches",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on anatomy for help.\n\nLet’s solve this problem step by step.\n\nThe hyoid bone, which is also known as the hyooid, is a a small U-shaped bone located in the anterior neck.\n\nIn its resting position, it lies between the ase of the mandible and the third cervical vertebrae.\n\nWe know that the second and the third pharyngeal arches give rise to the horns of the hyoid bone; therefore, the embryological origin of the hyoid bone are the second and the third pharyngeal arches—this information is covered in option (G).\n\nTherefore, we conclude that (G) must be the correct answer.\n\nThe answer is (G).",
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"content": "What is the difference between a male and a female catheter?\nA. Female catheters are used more frequently than male catheters.\nB. Male catheters are bigger than female catheters.\nC. Male catheters are more flexible than female catheters.\nD. Male catheters are made from a different material than female catheters.\nE. Female catheters are longer than male catheters.\nF. Male catheters are longer than female catheters.\nG. Female catheters are bigger than male catheters.\nH. Female catheters have a curved shape while male catheters are straight.\nI. Male and female catheters are different colours.\nJ. Male catheters have a smaller diameter than female catheters.",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on clinical knowledge for help.\n\nThe difference between a male and female catheter is that male catheters tend to be longer than female catheters.\n\nThe answer is (F).",
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"content": "How many attempts should you make to cannulate a patient before passing the job on to a senior colleague, according to the medical knowledge of 2020?\nA. 1\nB. Unlimited attempts\nC. 5\nD. 0, always pass on to a senior colleague\nE. 7\nF. 2\nG. 4\nH. 6\nI. 3\nJ. 8",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on clinical knowledge for help.\n\nAccording to the medical protocol as of 2020, you should make two attempts to cannulate a patient before passing the job on to a more-senior practitioner.\n\nThe answer is (F).",
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"content": "Why are parvoviruses a highly impactful parasite?\nA. They are able to alter the host's DNA\nB. Because they have no nucleic acid\nC. They can survive in extreme temperatures\nD. Only replicate in dividing cells\nE. They can infect multiple species\nF. They don't require a host to survive\nG. Can integrate into host chromosomes",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on virology for help.\n\nParoviruses are highly impactful because they do not have nucleic acid.\n\nThe answer is (B).",
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"content": "Which virus infection was not first identified by clinical observation?\nA. HIV\nB. Rubella teratogenicity\nC. Microcephaly and Zika\nD. Hepatitis C",
"role": "user"
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on epidemiology for help.\n\nThe majority of virus infections were first identified by clinical observation.\n\nHowever, Hepatitis C was first identified as a disease when a molecular biological technique was developed to test for it, specifically via the screening of blood donations.\n\nAlthough the clinical observation of liver disease had been noted.\n\nThe answer is (D).\n\n",
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{
"content": "The following are multiple choice questions (with answers) about health. Think step by step and then finish your answer with \"the answer is (X)\" where X is the correct letter choice.\nEach reasoning step in your response should end with two line breaks.",
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"content": "Which of the following is the body cavity that contains the pituitary gland?\nA. Ventral\nB. Dorsal\nC. Buccal\nD. Thoracic\nE. Pericardial\nF. Abdominal\nG. Spinal\nH. Pelvic\nI. Pleural\nJ. Cranial",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on anatomy for help.\n\nLet’s solve this problem step by step.\n\nThe pituitary gland is the major endocrine gland attached to the base of the brain, and it is contained in the Cranial cavity.\n\nThe answer is (J).",
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"content": "What is the embryological origin of the hyoid bone?\nA. The third and fourth pharyngeal arches\nB. The fourth pharyngeal arch\nC. The third pharyngeal arch\nD. The second pharyngeal arch\nE. The second, third and fourth pharyngeal arches\nF. The first pharyngeal arch\nG. The second and third pharyngeal arches\nH. The first and third pharyngeal arches\nI. The first, second and third pharyngeal arches\nJ. The first and second pharyngeal arches",
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on anatomy for help.\n\nLet’s solve this problem step by step.\n\nThe hyoid bone, which is also known as the hyooid, is a a small U-shaped bone located in the anterior neck.\n\nIn its resting position, it lies between the ase of the mandible and the third cervical vertebrae.\n\nWe know that the second and the third pharyngeal arches give rise to the horns of the hyoid bone; therefore, the embryological origin of the hyoid bone are the second and the third pharyngeal arches—this information is covered in option (G).\n\nTherefore, we conclude that (G) must be the correct answer.\n\nThe answer is (G).",
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"content": "What is the difference between a male and a female catheter?\nA. Female catheters are used more frequently than male catheters.\nB. Male catheters are bigger than female catheters.\nC. Male catheters are more flexible than female catheters.\nD. Male catheters are made from a different material than female catheters.\nE. Female catheters are longer than male catheters.\nF. Male catheters are longer than female catheters.\nG. Female catheters are bigger than male catheters.\nH. Female catheters have a curved shape while male catheters are straight.\nI. Male and female catheters are different colours.\nJ. Male catheters have a smaller diameter than female catheters.",
"role": "user"
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on clinical knowledge for help.\n\nThe difference between a male and female catheter is that male catheters tend to be longer than female catheters.\n\nThe answer is (F).",
"role": "assistant"
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"content": "How many attempts should you make to cannulate a patient before passing the job on to a senior colleague, according to the medical knowledge of 2020?\nA. 1\nB. Unlimited attempts\nC. 5\nD. 0, always pass on to a senior colleague\nE. 7\nF. 2\nG. 4\nH. 6\nI. 3\nJ. 8",
"role": "user"
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on clinical knowledge for help.\n\nAccording to the medical protocol as of 2020, you should make two attempts to cannulate a patient before passing the job on to a more-senior practitioner.\n\nThe answer is (F).",
"role": "assistant"
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"content": "Why are parvoviruses a highly impactful parasite?\nA. They are able to alter the host's DNA\nB. Because they have no nucleic acid\nC. They can survive in extreme temperatures\nD. Only replicate in dividing cells\nE. They can infect multiple species\nF. They don't require a host to survive\nG. Can integrate into host chromosomes",
"role": "user"
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on virology for help.\n\nParoviruses are highly impactful because they do not have nucleic acid.\n\nThe answer is (B).",
"role": "assistant"
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"content": "Which virus infection was not first identified by clinical observation?\nA. HIV\nB. Rubella teratogenicity\nC. Microcephaly and Zika\nD. Hepatitis C",
"role": "user"
},
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"content": "We refer to Wikipedia articles on virology and epidemiology for help.\n\nZika virus was first identified by clinical observation, however.\n\nHepatitis C, on the other hand, was initially identified through blood bank screening in 1975 and was not first identified by clinical observation.\n\nThe answer is (D).\n\n",
"role": "assistant"
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1,
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1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1
] | 11.875
| 0
|
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