Datasets:
jonathanli
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arc_easy_shuffled

Dataset card Data Studio Files
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Mercury_7013825
Which pair of systems is responsible for the flow of blood in the human body?
{ "text": [ "circulatory and skeletal systems", "skeletal and excretory systems", "muscular and circulatory systems", "respiratory and muscular systems" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }
C
Which pair of systems is responsible for the flow of blood in the human body?
[ "circulatory and skeletal systems", "skeletal and excretory systems", "muscular and circulatory systems", "respiratory and muscular systems" ]
2
[ "a paper cup", "to get nutrients through the roots", "muscular and circulatory systems", "ductility" ]
Mercury_7274313
Where are the most reactive metals located on the periodic table?
{ "text": [ "the uppermost complete row of the table", "the rows at the bottom of the table connecting two section", "the column at the far left side of the table", "the second column from the right side of the table" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }
C
Where are the most reactive metals located on the periodic table?
[ "the uppermost complete row of the table", "the rows at the bottom of the table connecting two section", "the column at the far left side of the table", "the second column from the right side of the table" ]
2
[ "organ, tissue, cell, organ system", "mean material densities", "the column at the far left side of the table", "solid to a gas" ]
Mercury_7098543
What major and potentially catastrophic events can be predicted to occur in the Northern Hemisphere between the months of June and November?
{ "text": [ "tsunamis", "hurricanes", "asteroid impacts", "volcanic eruptions" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }
B
What major and potentially catastrophic events can be predicted to occur in the Northern Hemisphere between the months of June and November?
[ "tsunamis", "hurricanes", "asteroid impacts", "volcanic eruptions" ]
1
[ "magma cycle", "hurricanes", "a behavior that occurs only in adult fish", "The infected animals do not show symptoms." ]
Mercury_SC_400854
The pull of gravity from Earth has the greatest effect on
{ "text": [ "comets.", "the Sun.", "asteroids.", "the Moon." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }
D
The pull of gravity from Earth has the greatest effect on
[ "comets.", "the Sun.", "asteroids.", "the Moon." ]
3
[ "to transform stored proteins into carbohydrates for energy", "bone cells", "volume.", "the Moon." ]
MCAS_2004_5_21
What is the main advantage of making a laptop computer light in weight?
{ "text": [ "to make it easy to carry", "to keep it simple to build", "to make the screen easy to read", "to provide storage for an electrical cord" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }
A
What is the main advantage of making a laptop computer light in weight?
[ "to make it easy to carry", "to keep it simple to build", "to make the screen easy to read", "to provide storage for an electrical cord" ]
0
[ "to make it easy to carry", "cytoplasm", "biomass", "hunt for organisms such as small rodents." ]
Mercury_SC_403014
It takes 365 days for
{ "text": [ "Earth to travel halfway around the Sun.", "the Moon to travel halfway around Earth.", "Earth to complete one orbit around the Sun.", "the Moon to complete one orbit around Earth." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }
C
It takes 365 days for
[ "Earth to travel halfway around the Sun.", "the Moon to travel halfway around Earth.", "Earth to complete one orbit around the Sun.", "the Moon to complete one orbit around Earth." ]
2
[ "Weather describes the climate of a large area.", "The Sun is closest to Earth during the day.", "Earth to complete one orbit around the Sun.", "Albert Einstein" ]
Mercury_7205923
Some scientists once believed that Earth was solid like a marble. Which of these has been most responsible for changes in the scientific view of the structure of Earth?
{ "text": [ "discussions among earth scientists about new data", "scientific books defining the layers of Earth", "a lead scientist explaining the structure of Earth", "a physical model of Earth showing its layers" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }
A
Some scientists once believed that Earth was solid like a marble. Which of these has been most responsible for changes in the scientific view of the structure of Earth?
[ "discussions among earth scientists about new data", "scientific books defining the layers of Earth", "a lead scientist explaining the structure of Earth", "a physical model of Earth showing its layers" ]
0
[ "discussions among earth scientists about new data", "It destroys bacteria in the soil.", "rotation of the core", "weathering and erosion" ]
AKDE&ED_2012_8_4
A student wants to organize a group of animals into two categories based on observable external features. Which display will most appropriately show the two categories of animals?
{ "text": [ "a timeline", "a pie chart", "a data table", "a line graph" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }
C
A student wants to organize a group of animals into two categories based on observable external features. Which display will most appropriately show the two categories of animals?
[ "a timeline", "a pie chart", "a data table", "a line graph" ]
2
[ "Insects can spread diseases.", "electrical to chemical", "a data table", "electric current created during the destruction of electrons in the glucose" ]
Mercury_7228200
Ribosomes present in a particular cell are smaller than those found in plants. In which taxonomic group or groups could the cell be classified?
{ "text": [ "fungi only", "archaea only", "bacteria or archaea", "bacteria or fungi" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }
C
Ribosomes present in a particular cell are smaller than those found in plants. In which taxonomic group or groups could the cell be classified?
[ "fungi only", "archaea only", "bacteria or archaea", "bacteria or fungi" ]
2
[ "absorption.", "Microscope", "bacteria or archaea", "The average temperature yesterday was 15°C." ]
MCAS_2005_5_22
What happens to the path of a light ray as it passes from air into water at an angle?
{ "text": [ "Its path widens.", "Its path bends.", "Its path becomes shorter.", "Its path continues in a straight line." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }
B
What happens to the path of a light ray as it passes from air into water at an angle?
[ "Its path widens.", "Its path bends.", "Its path becomes shorter.", "Its path continues in a straight line." ]
1
[ "skin cell", "Its path bends.", "mushrooms", "nymph, egg, and larva" ]
Mercury_SC_400186
Vibrations in the air caused by hitting a drum form
{ "text": [ "radiation.", "light.", "electricity.", "sound." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }
D
Vibrations in the air caused by hitting a drum form
[ "radiation.", "light.", "electricity.", "sound." ]
3
[ "a flow chart", "photosynthesis", "have a definite shape.", "sound." ]
MDSA_2007_8_25
As humans grow, their bodies change. Which of these statements explains how humans grow?
{ "text": [ "Cells form a cell wall.", "Cells increase in size.", "Cells undergo cell division.", "Cells merge to become larger." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }
C
As humans grow, their bodies change. Which of these statements explains how humans grow?
[ "Cells form a cell wall.", "Cells increase in size.", "Cells undergo cell division.", "Cells merge to become larger." ]
2
[ "sense small changes in the heart rate.", "sperm", "Cells undergo cell division.", "to better explain the investigation to others" ]
Mercury_184240
Which event below involves a constructive force?
{ "text": [ "earthquake", "volcanic eruption", "flood", "wind storm" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }
B
Which event below involves a constructive force?
[ "earthquake", "volcanic eruption", "flood", "wind storm" ]
1
[ "friction", "volcanic eruption", "The bandages cured cuts that were infected.", "paramecium" ]
MCAS_2012_8_23644
Which of the following are formed when two crustal plates collide with one another?
{ "text": [ "hot spots", "rift valleys", "mountain ranges", "mid-ocean ridges" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }
C
Which of the following are formed when two crustal plates collide with one another?
[ "hot spots", "rift valleys", "mountain ranges", "mid-ocean ridges" ]
2
[ "earthquake activity", "helium", "mountain ranges", "species competition" ]
Mercury_7109428
The nucleus contains DNA. Which statement best describes how DNA controls the working of the cell?
{ "text": [ "It codes for proteins.", "It inhibits division of cells.", "It helps in energy transformation.", "It regulates traffic in and out of the cell." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }
A
The nucleus contains DNA. Which statement best describes how DNA controls the working of the cell?
[ "It codes for proteins.", "It inhibits division of cells.", "It helps in energy transformation.", "It regulates traffic in and out of the cell." ]
0
[ "It codes for proteins.", "part of a bacterial colony.", "air.", "The molecules separate into atoms of hydrogen and oxygen." ]
MCAS_2011_8_17698
Which of the following provides the best evidence that Earth has evolved over geologic time?
{ "text": [ "coral reefs that slowly changed size", "desert sand dunes that were shaped by winds", "deposits of sediment found at the mouth of a river", "rock containing fossilized seashells found on a mountaintop" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }
D
Which of the following provides the best evidence that Earth has evolved over geologic time?
[ "coral reefs that slowly changed size", "desert sand dunes that were shaped by winds", "deposits of sediment found at the mouth of a river", "rock containing fossilized seashells found on a mountaintop" ]
3
[ "chemical energy converted to kinetic energy", "increasing the temperature inside the wings", "modern decay of unstable atoms", "rock containing fossilized seashells found on a mountaintop" ]
Mercury_SC_407164
The best explanation of why carnivores are dependent on plants is because they
{ "text": [ "need to consume plant matter.", "use plants for shelter.", "need carbon dioxide released by plants.", "consume other animals that eat plants." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }
D
The best explanation of why carnivores are dependent on plants is because they
[ "need to consume plant matter.", "use plants for shelter.", "need carbon dioxide released by plants.", "consume other animals that eat plants." ]
3
[ "nucleus", "to produce carbohydrates for energy", "thermal energy.", "consume other animals that eat plants." ]
Mercury_7038500
In the late 1600s, Anton van Leeuwenhoek began making observations with simple magnifying lenses that he constructed. To which scientific field is Leeuwenhoek credited with the most contributions?
{ "text": [ "plant genetics", "disease control", "DNA sequencing", "microbiology" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }
D
In the late 1600s, Anton van Leeuwenhoek began making observations with simple magnifying lenses that he constructed. To which scientific field is Leeuwenhoek credited with the most contributions?
[ "plant genetics", "disease control", "DNA sequencing", "microbiology" ]
3
[ "embryo", "are consumers", "causing air pollution", "microbiology" ]
Mercury_7080605
Which section of Earth is composed primarily of liquid metal?
{ "text": [ "crust", "mantle", "outer core", "inner core" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }
C
Which section of Earth is composed primarily of liquid metal?
[ "crust", "mantle", "outer core", "inner core" ]
2
[ "condensation", "Our Sun is the center of a solar system in the Andromeda galaxy.", "outer core", "beginning hibernation" ]
Mercury_417568
One way humans store energy is by making the molecule glycogen. Clusters of which atoms are rearranged when the body digests plant sugars to make glycogen?
{ "text": [ "hydrogen, nitrogen, carbon", "oxygen, sulfur, carbon", "carbon, hydrogen, oxygen", "nitrogen, carbon, sulfur" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }
C
One way humans store energy is by making the molecule glycogen. Clusters of which atoms are rearranged when the body digests plant sugars to make glycogen?
[ "hydrogen, nitrogen, carbon", "oxygen, sulfur, carbon", "carbon, hydrogen, oxygen", "nitrogen, carbon, sulfur" ]
2
[ "feedback", "carbohydrates being digested in the stomach", "carbon, hydrogen, oxygen", "Earth to travel halfway around the Sun." ]
Mercury_7214620
The number of stars in the Milky Way Galaxy is best estimated as
{ "text": [ "one hundred thousand.", "one hundred million.", "one hundred billion.", "one hundred trillion." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }
C
The number of stars in the Milky Way Galaxy is best estimated as
[ "one hundred thousand.", "one hundred million.", "one hundred billion.", "one hundred trillion." ]
2
[ "ruler", "static electrons.", "one hundred billion.", "It will not change at all." ]
Mercury_7176103
Which type of substances serves as a catalyst for reactions that break large food molecules into smaller useful molecules?
{ "text": [ "enzymes", "vitamins", "lipids", "nucleotides" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }
A
Which type of substances serves as a catalyst for reactions that break large food molecules into smaller useful molecules?
[ "enzymes", "vitamins", "lipids", "nucleotides" ]
0
[ "enzymes", "nitrogen", "transportation.", "count the rock numbers" ]
Mercury_SC_415767
What effect does gravity always have on an object on Earth?
{ "text": [ "makes the object move", "makes the object stay still", "pushes the object upward", "pulls the object downward" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }
D
What effect does gravity always have on an object on Earth?
[ "makes the object move", "makes the object stay still", "pushes the object upward", "pulls the object downward" ]
3
[ "wind power", "a seismograph.", "They orbit the Sun in opposite directions.", "pulls the object downward" ]
Mercury_7034825
Which is the best example of a chemical reaction?
{ "text": [ "blocked sunlight casts a shadow", "sunlight evaporates water from a lake", "oxygen absorbs sunlight forming ozone molecules", "a prism refracts sunlight into light of different wavelengths" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }
C
Which is the best example of a chemical reaction?
[ "blocked sunlight casts a shadow", "sunlight evaporates water from a lake", "oxygen absorbs sunlight forming ozone molecules", "a prism refracts sunlight into light of different wavelengths" ]
2
[ "thermometer and balance", "It holds many harmful pollutants.", "oxygen absorbs sunlight forming ozone molecules", "fish" ]
NYSEDREGENTS_2010_8_17
Some one-celled organisms can reproduce by the process of
{ "text": [ "hormone secretion", "metamorphosis", "fertilization", "cell division" ], "label": [ "1", "2", "3", "4" ] }
4
Some one-celled organisms can reproduce by the process of
[ "hormone secretion", "metamorphosis", "fertilization", "cell division" ]
3
[ "It is needed to produce water.", "the increased demand for telephone repairs and installation", "the exchange of gases", "cell division" ]
Mercury_405140
One important use of coal is to produce energy for homes. Coal can be burned and converted to
{ "text": [ "wind energy.", "nuclear energy.", "electrical energy.", "solar energy." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }
C
One important use of coal is to produce energy for homes. Coal can be burned and converted to
[ "wind energy.", "nuclear energy.", "electrical energy.", "solar energy." ]
2
[ "immune", "digestive and muscular", "electrical energy.", "Some base sequences cause the release of lipids from the nucleus." ]
TIMSS_1995_8_M10
Which of the following is NOT a mixture?
{ "text": [ "Air", "Blood", "Orange juice", "Salt" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }
D
Which of the following is NOT a mixture?
[ "Air", "Blood", "Orange juice", "Salt" ]
3
[ "sandstone", "producing sex cells", "Annual rainfall would increase.", "Salt" ]
VASoL_2009_5_12
What kind of energy do all moving objects have?
{ "text": [ "Light energy", "Solar energy", "Kinetic energy", "Renewable energy" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }
C
What kind of energy do all moving objects have?
[ "Light energy", "Solar energy", "Kinetic energy", "Renewable energy" ]
2
[ "lunar effect on Earth", "The mass of the satellite increases as it nears Earth.", "Kinetic energy", "James Watson" ]
Mercury_7163328
In a forest ecosystem, the squirrels eat seeds from trees. The squirrels are then eaten by hawks, owls, and foxes. If there were no more owls present in this ecosystem, which would most likely happen in the forest?
{ "text": [ "The squirrel population would increase.", "The hawk population would decrease.", "The fox population would decrease.", "The tree population would increase." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }
A
In a forest ecosystem, the squirrels eat seeds from trees. The squirrels are then eaten by hawks, owls, and foxes. If there were no more owls present in this ecosystem, which would most likely happen in the forest?
[ "The squirrel population would increase.", "The hawk population would decrease.", "The fox population would decrease.", "The tree population would increase." ]
0
[ "The squirrel population would increase.", "a woodpecker nesting in a cavity of a dead tree", "at higher latitudes", "the stomach." ]
Mercury_190190
Which of the following has the greatest direct influence on movement of the lithosphere?
{ "text": [ "the Sun", "the Moon", "Earth's core", "Earth's mantle" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }
D
Which of the following has the greatest direct influence on movement of the lithosphere?
[ "the Sun", "the Moon", "Earth's core", "Earth's mantle" ]
3
[ "magnetism", "rainfall levels could decrease", "needs no battery.", "Earth's mantle" ]
Mercury_400099
When humans first began to grow crops, which of these most likely contributed to the extinction of native animal species?
{ "text": [ "pollution", "climate change", "habitat destruction", "tectonic plate motion" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }
C
When humans first began to grow crops, which of these most likely contributed to the extinction of native animal species?
[ "pollution", "climate change", "habitat destruction", "tectonic plate motion" ]
2
[ "a chemical change.", "adaptive radiation.", "habitat destruction", "low rate of radioactive decay" ]
VASoL_2007_3_18
Which of these does the MOST harm to the air?
{ "text": [ "Chopping down trees with an ax in the backyard", "Collecting fall leaves", "Cutting grass with a gas-powered lawnmower", "Picking colorful wildflowers along the highway" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }
C
Which of these does the MOST harm to the air?
[ "Chopping down trees with an ax in the backyard", "Collecting fall leaves", "Cutting grass with a gas-powered lawnmower", "Picking colorful wildflowers along the highway" ]
2
[ "stem", "condensation", "Cutting grass with a gas-powered lawnmower", "fur color" ]
Mercury_7004498
A scanning electron microscope is best suited for observing
{ "text": [ "diffraction of light.", "tectonic features on planets.", "the surfaces of small objects.", "topographical features on the ocean floor." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }
C
A scanning electron microscope is best suited for observing
[ "diffraction of light.", "tectonic features on planets.", "the surfaces of small objects.", "topographical features on the ocean floor." ]
2
[ "a bird perching in a tree", "muscles.", "the surfaces of small objects.", "removing your safety glasses when moving from station to station" ]
Mercury_400608
A bird eats a brightly-colored insect that tastes bad. The bird avoids preying on this type of insect again. This example is best described as
{ "text": [ "a physical characteristic.", "a learned behavior.", "an inherited behavior.", "an adaptation." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }
B
A bird eats a brightly-colored insect that tastes bad. The bird avoids preying on this type of insect again. This example is best described as
[ "a physical characteristic.", "a learned behavior.", "an inherited behavior.", "an adaptation." ]
1
[ "Other scientists need to state their beliefs.", "a learned behavior.", "line graph", "support the stems and branches." ]
VASoL_2009_5_17
In winter, the arctic fox has white fur. In summer, its fur changes color to brown and gray. The change in fur color helps the arctic fox to ___.
{ "text": [ "run", "mate", "hide", "hibernate" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }
C
In winter, the arctic fox has white fur. In summer, its fur changes color to brown and gray. The change in fur color helps the arctic fox to ___.
[ "run", "mate", "hide", "hibernate" ]
2
[ "There will be less water in the lake.", "neutral pH", "hide", "a television" ]
Mercury_SC_413302
In which ways are hills most different from mountains?
{ "text": [ "Hills are smaller and more rounded.", "Hills are deeper and more level.", "Hills are steeper and rockier.", "Hills are taller and snowy." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }
A
In which ways are hills most different from mountains?
[ "Hills are smaller and more rounded.", "Hills are deeper and more level.", "Hills are steeper and rockier.", "Hills are taller and snowy." ]
0
[ "Hills are smaller and more rounded.", "Scientists studying the red algae are disturbing local wildlife.", "meanders and moraines", "soil." ]
NYSEDREGENTS_2015_4_27
A bird builds a nest to
{ "text": [ "hibernate in winter", "shelter its offspring", "produce more feathers", "eliminate waste" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }
B
A bird builds a nest to
[ "hibernate in winter", "shelter its offspring", "produce more feathers", "eliminate waste" ]
1
[ "aquatic organisms to land-based organisms", "shelter its offspring", "magnetic", "hot gases" ]
Mercury_7212048
Which statement best describes the motion of the molecules of a solid object?
{ "text": [ "They vibrate in place within a fixed volume.", "They move around freely within a fixed volume.", "They vibrate in place and take the shape of a container.", "They move around freely and take the shape of a container." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }
A
Which statement best describes the motion of the molecules of a solid object?
[ "They vibrate in place within a fixed volume.", "They move around freely within a fixed volume.", "They vibrate in place and take the shape of a container.", "They move around freely and take the shape of a container." ]
0
[ "They vibrate in place within a fixed volume.", "ocean trenches.", "summer", "If the wavelength remains constant, the frequency increases." ]
MCAS_2002_8_7
What happens when salt water is boiled?
{ "text": [ "The water evaporates and the salt remains in the beaker.", "Both the salt and the water evaporate and leave the beaker.", "The salt becomes a new compound.", "The salt will evaporate from the water and disperse into the environment." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }
A
What happens when salt water is boiled?
[ "The water evaporates and the salt remains in the beaker.", "Both the salt and the water evaporate and leave the beaker.", "The salt becomes a new compound.", "The salt will evaporate from the water and disperse into the environment." ]
0
[ "The water evaporates and the salt remains in the beaker.", "precipitation", "flow chart", "condensation" ]
Mercury_412148
Which set of elements has similar bonding properties?
{ "text": [ "Cl, Br, and F", "K, Ca, and Sc", "Kr, Cl, and O", "Be, C, and O" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }
A
Which set of elements has similar bonding properties?
[ "Cl, Br, and F", "K, Ca, and Sc", "Kr, Cl, and O", "Be, C, and O" ]
0
[ "Cl, Br, and F", "a source of electrical power", "ozone layer depletion", "orange" ]
NCEOGA_2013_5_52
Which body system processes foods into a useable source of energy?
{ "text": [ "circulatory", "digestive", "nervous", "skeletal" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }
B
Which body system processes foods into a useable source of energy?
[ "circulatory", "digestive", "nervous", "skeletal" ]
1
[ "The heart is a tissue made up of different types of organs, each of which has different types of cells.", "digestive", "It makes them understand how to write a good story.", "molecules." ]
Mercury_SC_400164
What is the best way for a scientist to begin an investigation on a population of deer?
{ "text": [ "typing results into a computer", "intuition", "writing facts in a field notebook", "observing the deer in their own habitat" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }
D
What is the best way for a scientist to begin an investigation on a population of deer?
[ "typing results into a computer", "intuition", "writing facts in a field notebook", "observing the deer in their own habitat" ]
3
[ "weight", "camouflage", "mid-ocean ridge", "observing the deer in their own habitat" ]
NYSEDREGENTS_2012_4_11
Which property of an object describes how easily electricity travels through it?
{ "text": [ "color", "temperature", "reflectivity", "conductivity" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }
D
Which property of an object describes how easily electricity travels through it?
[ "color", "temperature", "reflectivity", "conductivity" ]
3
[ "variables", "a wave crashing on a beach", "spectrographs.", "conductivity" ]
Mercury_SC_406626
Which is a statement of fact?
{ "text": [ "The Sun is very pretty.", "The Sun is fun to study.", "The Sun is larger than Earth.", "The Sun is more interesting than the Moon." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }
C
Which is a statement of fact?
[ "The Sun is very pretty.", "The Sun is fun to study.", "The Sun is larger than Earth.", "The Sun is more interesting than the Moon." ]
2
[ "predators", "friction", "The Sun is larger than Earth.", "nodes of Ranvier" ]
Mercury_SC_409143
Sydney is learning about the sources of energy that can run out. Which energy source will run out the fastest?
{ "text": [ "flowing water", "natural gas", "sunlight", "wind" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }
B
Sydney is learning about the sources of energy that can run out. Which energy source will run out the fastest?
[ "flowing water", "natural gas", "sunlight", "wind" ]
1
[ "a quick burial of the rocks by tons of volcanic ash", "natural gas", "mountains", "The high humidity during the storm" ]
Mercury_7006108
The first organisms to occupy an area after a prairie fire are known as
{ "text": [ "primary species.", "secondary species.", "succession species.", "pioneer species." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }
D
The first organisms to occupy an area after a prairie fire are known as
[ "primary species.", "secondary species.", "succession species.", "pioneer species." ]
3
[ "mass", "Keep the plants in darkness.", "placed side by side.", "pioneer species." ]
TIMSS_2007_8_pg77
Which of the following is caused by a virus?
{ "text": [ "ulcer", "malaria", "tuberculosis", "influenza" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }
D
Which of the following is caused by a virus?
[ "ulcer", "malaria", "tuberculosis", "influenza" ]
3
[ "hazardous waste bin", "The boy and girl inherit genetic material from the mother only.", "the conversion of mechanical energy into heat energy", "influenza" ]
Mercury_7082075
When a beam of light passes through a clear, convex lens, the light will mostly
{ "text": [ "diffract and spread out.", "diffract and come to a focal point.", "refract and come to a focal point.", "refract and spread out." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }
C
When a beam of light passes through a clear, convex lens, the light will mostly
[ "diffract and spread out.", "diffract and come to a focal point.", "refract and come to a focal point.", "refract and spread out." ]
2
[ "light from stars in a distant galaxy.", "precipitation", "refract and come to a focal point.", "copper wire" ]
Mercury_7068985
The symptoms of strep throat infection are a red and swollen throat. What is the most likely cause of strep throat?
{ "text": [ "eating raw vegetables", "drinking lemonade", "invading bacteria", "running in cold weather" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }
C
The symptoms of strep throat infection are a red and swollen throat. What is the most likely cause of strep throat?
[ "eating raw vegetables", "drinking lemonade", "invading bacteria", "running in cold weather" ]
2
[ "Rocks are made of magma and sediments.", "salivating", "invading bacteria", "they keep you safe during an investigation." ]
NYSEDREGENTS_2010_8_39
Compared to the particles in a hardened lava sample, the particles in a liquid lava sample
{ "text": [ "have a lower temperature", "have less kinetic energy", "are moving faster", "are closer together" ], "label": [ "1", "2", "3", "4" ] }
3
Compared to the particles in a hardened lava sample, the particles in a liquid lava sample
[ "have a lower temperature", "have less kinetic energy", "are moving faster", "are closer together" ]
2
[ "Bohr", "A pencil", "are moving faster", "potassium" ]
Mercury_402286
Which characteristic do both the Moon and Earth share?
{ "text": [ "They both have rocky surfaces.", "They both have active volcanoes.", "They both have similar atmospheres.", "They both have the same gravitational pull." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }
A
Which characteristic do both the Moon and Earth share?
[ "They both have rocky surfaces.", "They both have active volcanoes.", "They both have similar atmospheres.", "They both have the same gravitational pull." ]
0
[ "They both have rocky surfaces.", "The species both obtain oxygen from the air.", "types of organisms in the environment.", "shale, quartz, and coal." ]
Mercury_SC_407170
Which would be the most likely effect of a large decrease in the number of woodpeckers in a forest?
{ "text": [ "Temperatures would increase.", "Precipitation would increase.", "The number of trees in the forest would increase.", "The insect population in the forest would increase." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }
D
Which would be the most likely effect of a large decrease in the number of woodpeckers in a forest?
[ "Temperatures would increase.", "Precipitation would increase.", "The number of trees in the forest would increase.", "The insect population in the forest would increase." ]
3
[ "cheese", "atmospheric heating", "erosion", "The insect population in the forest would increase." ]
NYSEDREGENTS_2010_4_17
Which two life processes occur in both plants and humans?
{ "text": [ "growing and reproducing", "germinating and making food", "growing and making food", "germinating and reproducing" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }
A
Which two life processes occur in both plants and humans?
[ "growing and reproducing", "germinating and making food", "growing and making food", "germinating and reproducing" ]
0
[ "growing and reproducing", "a star", "grass", "the color of the galaxy" ]
Mercury_SC_401276
In order for Galileo to build a telescope, he needed to know about
{ "text": [ "lenses.", "metals.", "chemical mixtures.", "the making of leather." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }
A
In order for Galileo to build a telescope, he needed to know about
[ "lenses.", "metals.", "chemical mixtures.", "the making of leather." ]
0
[ "lenses.", "room walls are shielded with insulating material.", "kg", "Meters" ]
Mercury_7219520
A birdwatcher wants to identify an eastern bluebird. What feature of a bird should the birdwatcher evaluate first to identify an eastern bluebird?
{ "text": [ "beak shape", "eye position", "feather pattern", "tail-feather length" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }
C
A birdwatcher wants to identify an eastern bluebird. What feature of a bird should the birdwatcher evaluate first to identify an eastern bluebird?
[ "beak shape", "eye position", "feather pattern", "tail-feather length" ]
2
[ "Earth to rotate once on its axis", "hydrolysis", "feather pattern", "a rift zone" ]
Mercury_7008820
When a neutral atom gains or loses electrons, it becomes
{ "text": [ "more stable.", "an isotope.", "an ion.", "less charged." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }
C
When a neutral atom gains or loses electrons, it becomes
[ "more stable.", "an isotope.", "an ion.", "less charged." ]
2
[ "root", "number of phosphates", "an ion.", "natural gas and coal" ]
Mercury_SC_416175
Which is an effect of regular exercise?
{ "text": [ "weaker bones", "less energy", "better hearing", "stronger heart" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }
D
Which is an effect of regular exercise?
[ "weaker bones", "less energy", "better hearing", "stronger heart" ]
3
[ "age of hens", "a phase change", "diffracting", "stronger heart" ]
Mercury_7041545
A light year is used to measure
{ "text": [ "time.", "distance.", "luminosity.", "temperature." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }
B
A light year is used to measure
[ "time.", "distance.", "luminosity.", "temperature." ]
1
[ "Mercury, Venus, Earth, Saturn, Uranus, Jupiter, Mars, Neptune", "distance.", "decreasing the availability of manufactured products", "adjusting the coarse focus under high power." ]
Mercury_7007438
As an object falls, air resistance gradually increases until it is equal with the pull of gravity. This effect is called
{ "text": [ "final velocity.", "initial velocity.", "escape velocity.", "terminal velocity." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }
D
As an object falls, air resistance gradually increases until it is equal with the pull of gravity. This effect is called
[ "final velocity.", "initial velocity.", "escape velocity.", "terminal velocity." ]
3
[ "commensalism", "The truck has a smaller mass requiring less force to stop.", "taiga", "terminal velocity." ]
Mercury_7007788
All of these elements are metals except
{ "text": [ "gold.", "helium.", "sodium.", "aluminum." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }
B
All of these elements are metals except
[ "gold.", "helium.", "sodium.", "aluminum." ]
1
[ "Flowers", "helium.", "divergent boundaries.", "the removal of waste products from the cell" ]
Mercury_SC_401787
Observation and measurement are important to scientific investigations because
{ "text": [ "they are part of the instructions.", "they are used to test a hypothesis.", "they are required to make a hypothesis.", "they keep you safe during an investigation." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }
B
Observation and measurement are important to scientific investigations because
[ "they are part of the instructions.", "they are used to test a hypothesis.", "they are required to make a hypothesis.", "they keep you safe during an investigation." ]
1
[ "seafloor spreading", "they are used to test a hypothesis.", "lakes", "Liquid -> gas -> solid" ]
Mercury_7165200
When air rises over the open ocean, a low pressure system is formed. Which factor increases the potential of a low pressure system developing into a hurricane in the Northern Hemisphere?
{ "text": [ "cool ocean currents circulating towards the equator", "increased volcanic activity in the upper latitudes", "cold air moving south from the North Pole", "warm water temperatures in the tropics" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }
D
When air rises over the open ocean, a low pressure system is formed. Which factor increases the potential of a low pressure system developing into a hurricane in the Northern Hemisphere?
[ "cool ocean currents circulating towards the equator", "increased volcanic activity in the upper latitudes", "cold air moving south from the North Pole", "warm water temperatures in the tropics" ]
3
[ "increasing osmosis", "dendrite", "in the blood", "warm water temperatures in the tropics" ]
Mercury_416355
Imprints of the shells of ocean clams are often found in the rocks of the Appalachian Mountains. What do these imprint fossils most likely indicate?
{ "text": [ "These mountains were once under the ocean.", "These mountains once had a more rainy climate.", "Mountain river clams evolved from ocean clams.", "Ocean clams evolved from mountain river clams." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }
A
Imprints of the shells of ocean clams are often found in the rocks of the Appalachian Mountains. What do these imprint fossils most likely indicate?
[ "These mountains were once under the ocean.", "These mountains once had a more rainy climate.", "Mountain river clams evolved from ocean clams.", "Ocean clams evolved from mountain river clams." ]
0
[ "These mountains were once under the ocean.", "keeping your cell phone on the laboratory countertop", "Co", "pairing of chromosomes" ]
Mercury_7252403
A population of ground squirrels has established a community in the grasslands of the Great Plains. Temperatures often reach -15°C for most of the winter. What is the most likely behavior the ground squirrels use to survive these winter temperatures?
{ "text": [ "burrowing below the frost point of the soil surface", "burrowing in tree trunks above the soil surface", "consuming roots found under the soil surface", "consuming organisms found in the soil surface" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }
A
A population of ground squirrels has established a community in the grasslands of the Great Plains. Temperatures often reach -15°C for most of the winter. What is the most likely behavior the ground squirrels use to survive these winter temperatures?
[ "burrowing below the frost point of the soil surface", "burrowing in tree trunks above the soil surface", "consuming roots found under the soil surface", "consuming organisms found in the soil surface" ]
0
[ "burrowing below the frost point of the soil surface", "The glass contracts when heated.", "beneficial genetic traits", "Water, rust, and salt are mixtures." ]
Mercury_7271215
Which is the lowest level of environmental organization that would include the water quality and air temperature in an area?
{ "text": [ "biome", "ecosystem", "community", "population" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }
B
Which is the lowest level of environmental organization that would include the water quality and air temperature in an area?
[ "biome", "ecosystem", "community", "population" ]
1
[ "Taste", "ecosystem", "a behavior that occurs only in small mammals", "chloroplasts" ]
TIMSS_1995_8_I14
When you bend your arm at the elbow, the bones and muscles in your arm are acting as a system. What simple machine does this system represent?
{ "text": [ "Inclined plane", "Pulley", "Wedge", "Lever" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }
D
When you bend your arm at the elbow, the bones and muscles in your arm are acting as a system. What simple machine does this system represent?
[ "Inclined plane", "Pulley", "Wedge", "Lever" ]
3
[ "meters.", "dependent variable", "be able to move.", "Lever" ]
Mercury_SC_407065
A student places a pan of water on the stove. What happens to some of the water as it is heated to a boil?
{ "text": [ "It becomes a gas.", "It becomes a solid.", "It gets new atomic bonds.", "It gets destroyed." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }
A
A student places a pan of water on the stove. What happens to some of the water as it is heated to a boil?
[ "It becomes a gas.", "It becomes a solid.", "It gets new atomic bonds.", "It gets destroyed." ]
0
[ "It becomes a gas.", "molten rock", "supernovas", "The new designs are more attractive." ]
Mercury_402560
What are the parts that make up an atom?
{ "text": [ "electrons, neutrons, and protons", "electrons, protons, and gamma rays", "neutrons, photons, and beta particles", "neutrons, protons, and alpha particles" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }
A
What are the parts that make up an atom?
[ "electrons, neutrons, and protons", "electrons, protons, and gamma rays", "neutrons, photons, and beta particles", "neutrons, protons, and alpha particles" ]
0
[ "electrons, neutrons, and protons", "to make a hypothesis understandable", "location", "producing sugar" ]
Mercury_SC_404974
One end of a metal rod is placed over a flame during an investigation. A thermometer is touching the opposite end of the metal rod. Which best describes what is happening during this investigation?
{ "text": [ "Convection carries heat to the thermometer.", "Radiant energy warms the thermometer.", "Mechanical energy from the flame carries heat to the thermometer.", "Heat from the flame is conducted through the metal rod to the thermometer." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }
D
One end of a metal rod is placed over a flame during an investigation. A thermometer is touching the opposite end of the metal rod. Which best describes what is happening during this investigation?
[ "Convection carries heat to the thermometer.", "Radiant energy warms the thermometer.", "Mechanical energy from the flame carries heat to the thermometer.", "Heat from the flame is conducted through the metal rod to the thermometer." ]
3
[ "a fulcrum", "They are liquid.", "tape measure", "Heat from the flame is conducted through the metal rod to the thermometer." ]
Mercury_7001715
Mountains are most likely formed
{ "text": [ "when glaciers melt.", "from earthquakes.", "when land sinks.", "along tectonic plates." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }
D
Mountains are most likely formed
[ "when glaciers melt.", "from earthquakes.", "when land sinks.", "along tectonic plates." ]
3
[ "an organ", "mitochondrion", "grass", "along tectonic plates." ]
AIMS_2009_8_26
Read the information about Alice's science project then answer the question. Alice needed to design a science project. She decided that she wanted to focus her project on how an earthworm's behavior helps it survive. Alice wrote down four ideas about earthworm behavior that she wanted to test. Which idea can be tested experimentally?
{ "text": [ "Earthworms like the taste of dirt better than sand.", "Earthworms are happier in black dirt than red dirt.", "Earthworms exist to decompose decaying materials.", "Earthworms will move away from direct light sources." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }
D
Read the information about Alice's science project then answer the question. Alice needed to design a science project. She decided that she wanted to focus her project on how an earthworm's behavior helps it survive. Alice wrote down four ideas about earthworm behavior that she wanted to test. Which idea can be tested experimentally?
[ "Earthworms like the taste of dirt better than sand.", "Earthworms are happier in black dirt than red dirt.", "Earthworms exist to decompose decaying materials.", "Earthworms will move away from direct light sources." ]
3
[ "fixation, decomposition, respiration", "precipitate solid water", "Titan", "Earthworms will move away from direct light sources." ]
CSZ30499
What do the elements sulfur (S), nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and bromine (Br) have in common?
{ "text": [ "They are noble (inert) gases.", "They are nonmetals.", "They have the same thermal conductivity.", "They have the same number of protons." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }
B
What do the elements sulfur (S), nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and bromine (Br) have in common?
[ "They are noble (inert) gases.", "They are nonmetals.", "They have the same thermal conductivity.", "They have the same number of protons." ]
1
[ "Some form of light is given off.", "They are nonmetals.", "Animal cells include a rigid wall structure.", "They both have similar atmospheres." ]
Mercury_416369
Tissue plasminogen activator is a natural blood thinner. The coded sequence for the blood thinner is called PLAT , found on chromosome 8. It is used to treat people who have heart attacks and strokes. Tissue plasminogen activator can be made through genetic engineering. What is tissue plasminogen activator?
{ "text": [ "a gene", "a protein", "a platelet", "a DNA molecule" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }
B
Tissue plasminogen activator is a natural blood thinner. The coded sequence for the blood thinner is called PLAT , found on chromosome 8. It is used to treat people who have heart attacks and strokes. Tissue plasminogen activator can be made through genetic engineering. What is tissue plasminogen activator?
[ "a gene", "a protein", "a platelet", "a DNA molecule" ]
1
[ "tension", "a protein", "evaporation", "1 hour" ]
Mercury_400758
Which of these groups contains only metric measurements?
{ "text": [ "inches, grams, ounces", "inches, pounds, ounces", "centimeters, grams, milliliters", "centimeters, pounds, milliliters" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }
C
Which of these groups contains only metric measurements?
[ "inches, grams, ounces", "inches, pounds, ounces", "centimeters, grams, milliliters", "centimeters, pounds, milliliters" ]
2
[ "the height of the wall", "arrival of a severe storm", "centimeters, grams, milliliters", "geology" ]
Mercury_7264163
Scientists use large optical telescopes to obtain information about the planets in the solar system. What wavelengths of electromagnetic radiation provide this information?
{ "text": [ "gamma radiation", "infrared radiation", "radio waves", "visible light" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }
D
Scientists use large optical telescopes to obtain information about the planets in the solar system. What wavelengths of electromagnetic radiation provide this information?
[ "gamma radiation", "infrared radiation", "radio waves", "visible light" ]
3
[ "Protista.", "positioned outside the center of the model.", "a landslide", "visible light" ]
Mercury_7032148
Which scientist is credited for the development of the polio vaccine?
{ "text": [ "Jonas Salk", "Neil Armstrong", "Albert Einstein", "Jacques Cousteau" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }
A
Which scientist is credited for the development of the polio vaccine?
[ "Jonas Salk", "Neil Armstrong", "Albert Einstein", "Jacques Cousteau" ]
0
[ "Jonas Salk", "craters", "soil pressing on the seed.", "producing red blood cells." ]
Mercury_7187250
When a volcano erupts, new lava is deposited on the slopes of the volcano. After the lava cools and hardens, which types of organisms will most likely be the first to live on the new material?
{ "text": [ "large reptiles and amphibians", "small birds and mammals", "mosses and lichens", "bushes and vines" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }
C
When a volcano erupts, new lava is deposited on the slopes of the volcano. After the lava cools and hardens, which types of organisms will most likely be the first to live on the new material?
[ "large reptiles and amphibians", "small birds and mammals", "mosses and lichens", "bushes and vines" ]
2
[ "a battery that is connected to a circuit", "sound.", "mosses and lichens", "dark coat color" ]
Mercury_SC_416164
Ella waves good-bye from the bus. What body system pulls on bones to let Ella wave her arm?
{ "text": [ "muscular system", "nervous system", "digestive system", "circulatory system" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }
A
Ella waves good-bye from the bus. What body system pulls on bones to let Ella wave her arm?
[ "muscular system", "nervous system", "digestive system", "circulatory system" ]
0
[ "muscular system", "moving nutrients to specialized tissues", "ice", "temperature" ]
Mercury_416378
Coral reefs are found in shallow tropical ocean waters. A coral reef is a diverse ecosystem that is supported by the photosynthesis of marine plants and the algae that live within the tissues of the coral. Given this information, when would the waters in a coral reef likely have the highest dissolved oxygen concentration?
{ "text": [ "7 a.m.", "2 p.m.", "9 p.m.", "midnight" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }
B
Coral reefs are found in shallow tropical ocean waters. A coral reef is a diverse ecosystem that is supported by the photosynthesis of marine plants and the algae that live within the tissues of the coral. Given this information, when would the waters in a coral reef likely have the highest dissolved oxygen concentration?
[ "7 a.m.", "2 p.m.", "9 p.m.", "midnight" ]
1
[ "extremely reflective ice particles", "2 p.m.", "rabies", "The formation of calm \"eyes\" in the centers of cyclones." ]
Mercury_401603
What keeps the planets in orbit around the Sun?
{ "text": [ "tides", "gravity", "electricity", "magnetism" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }
B
What keeps the planets in orbit around the Sun?
[ "tides", "gravity", "electricity", "magnetism" ]
1
[ "a substance that does not break down over time", "gravity", "energy pyramid", "large fields of gravel" ]
Mercury_SC_408709
As seen from Earth, the appearance of the Moon changes throughout the month. What causes the appearance of the Moon to change?
{ "text": [ "Earth rotating on its axis", "the Moon rotating on its axis", "Earth revolving around the Sun", "the Moon revolving around Earth" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }
D
As seen from Earth, the appearance of the Moon changes throughout the month. What causes the appearance of the Moon to change?
[ "Earth rotating on its axis", "the Moon rotating on its axis", "Earth revolving around the Sun", "the Moon revolving around Earth" ]
3
[ "solid to liquid.", "Water each container with a different amount of water.", "a bone on top of a sand pile", "the Moon revolving around Earth" ]
MCAS_2005_8_27
In producing an automobile, which of the 27 following is the best use of a robot?
{ "text": [ "to perform repetitive tasks", "to determine the trunk space", "to demonstrate passenger comfort", "to perform quality control inspections" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }
A
In producing an automobile, which of the 27 following is the best use of a robot?
[ "to perform repetitive tasks", "to determine the trunk space", "to demonstrate passenger comfort", "to perform quality control inspections" ]
0
[ "to perform repetitive tasks", "Cold energy in the room transforms into heat energy.", "the intestine, with squeezing.", "oxygen, nitrogen, carbon dioxide" ]
Mercury_7009713
The Theory of Plate Tectonics is based on
{ "text": [ "evidence of sea floor spreading.", "topographic mapping of mountain ranges.", "an analysis of soil at the plate boundaries.", "volcanic activity along coastlines." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }
A
The Theory of Plate Tectonics is based on
[ "evidence of sea floor spreading.", "topographic mapping of mountain ranges.", "an analysis of soil at the plate boundaries.", "volcanic activity along coastlines." ]
0
[ "evidence of sea floor spreading.", "plateaus", "mixing milk into a glass with chocolate powder", "flood" ]
MCAS_2010_5_13
Which of the following must all plant and animal species do in order for each species to survive?
{ "text": [ "migrate", "reproduce", "make food", "change color" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }
B
Which of the following must all plant and animal species do in order for each species to survive?
[ "migrate", "reproduce", "make food", "change color" ]
1
[ "transpire water through the skin to the atmosphere", "reproduce", "low tide", "Sun shining on flowers" ]
Mercury_7248255
Which activity illustrates the main function of the motor neuron complex?
{ "text": [ "transferring impulses to the appropriate muscle", "receiving sensory impulses from the environment", "delivering regular impulses to the autonomic system", "processing impulses within the cerebral cortex" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }
A
Which activity illustrates the main function of the motor neuron complex?
[ "transferring impulses to the appropriate muscle", "receiving sensory impulses from the environment", "delivering regular impulses to the autonomic system", "processing impulses within the cerebral cortex" ]
0
[ "transferring impulses to the appropriate muscle", "it contains many minerals.", "only electrons", "volcanic activity" ]
Mercury_7185255
Nutrients are recycled when materials decompose in an ecosystem. Which is the best example of the decomposition process where organic material is recycled in an ecosystem?
{ "text": [ "a hawk eating a mouse", "worms tunneling through soil", "bacteria feeding on dead plants", "a plant using nitrogen to make proteins" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }
C
Nutrients are recycled when materials decompose in an ecosystem. Which is the best example of the decomposition process where organic material is recycled in an ecosystem?
[ "a hawk eating a mouse", "worms tunneling through soil", "bacteria feeding on dead plants", "a plant using nitrogen to make proteins" ]
2
[ "What force slows some objects down?", "magnetic", "bacteria feeding on dead plants", "organ system -> cell -> tissue -> organ" ]
Mercury_SC_406653
What is one function of tree roots?
{ "text": [ "to absorb sunlight", "to absorb water", "to make seeds", "to make food" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }
B
What is one function of tree roots?
[ "to absorb sunlight", "to absorb water", "to make seeds", "to make food" ]
1
[ "measure the height of the tree", "to absorb water", "eruptions of volcanoes", "Oil and gas are too costly to remove from the ground." ]
Mercury_7193690
Food contains stored chemical energy. Which units of measurement can be used to compare the amounts of energy in different foods?
{ "text": [ "calories", "decibels", "newtons", "watts" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }
A
Food contains stored chemical energy. Which units of measurement can be used to compare the amounts of energy in different foods?
[ "calories", "decibels", "newtons", "watts" ]
0
[ "calories", "trees", "river water", "egg, larva, nymph, adult" ]
Mercury_SC_405495
The freezing and expanding of water in the cracks of rocks is a form of
{ "text": [ "weathering.", "deposition.", "faulting.", "erosion." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }
A
The freezing and expanding of water in the cracks of rocks is a form of
[ "weathering.", "deposition.", "faulting.", "erosion." ]
0
[ "weathering.", "mining and mineral extraction", "Community, organism, ecosystem, biosphere", "A scent trail leads ants to a food source." ]
MCAS_1999_4_25
Which of the following is a way that everyone can help with conservation efforts?
{ "text": [ "camp in the woods", "use biodegradable materials", "visit a landfill", "use disposable plates" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }
B
Which of the following is a way that everyone can help with conservation efforts?
[ "camp in the woods", "use biodegradable materials", "visit a landfill", "use disposable plates" ]
1
[ "a parrot repeating a phrase", "use biodegradable materials", "electricity", "They both pump blood through the body." ]
ACTAAP_2009_7_12
Historically, how has the compass been used?
{ "text": [ "for navigation", "to predict weather", "to measure temperature", "for mineral identification" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }
A
Historically, how has the compass been used?
[ "for navigation", "to predict weather", "to measure temperature", "for mineral identification" ]
0
[ "for navigation", "The circulatory system", "the amount of annual rainfall", "Hills are taller and snowy." ]
Mercury_7083458
A cut to the skin is treated with antiseptic first to avoid
{ "text": [ "an immune response.", "a bacterial infection.", "bruising of tissues.", "an allergic reaction." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }
B
A cut to the skin is treated with antiseptic first to avoid
[ "an immune response.", "a bacterial infection.", "bruising of tissues.", "an allergic reaction." ]
1
[ "Denise receives a kidney donated by her identical twin.", "a bacterial infection.", "electrical", "Ir" ]
Mercury_7030450
Which would be a safe practice to exercise during laboratory investigations?
{ "text": [ "using open flames to heat all materials", "keeping your cell phone on the laboratory countertop", "knowing where your instructor/laboratory leader is at all times", "removing your safety glasses when moving from station to station" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }
C
Which would be a safe practice to exercise during laboratory investigations?
[ "using open flames to heat all materials", "keeping your cell phone on the laboratory countertop", "knowing where your instructor/laboratory leader is at all times", "removing your safety glasses when moving from station to station" ]
2
[ "chemical properties", "Weight", "knowing where your instructor/laboratory leader is at all times", "molecule" ]
TIMSS_2003_8_pg101
The shape of the moon appears to change regularly during each month. Which of the following best explains why the shape of the moon appears to change?
{ "text": [ "The Earth turns on its axis.", "The Moon turns on its axis.", "The Moon orbits around the Earth.", "Clouds cover the Moon." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }
C
The shape of the moon appears to change regularly during each month. Which of the following best explains why the shape of the moon appears to change?
[ "The Earth turns on its axis.", "The Moon turns on its axis.", "The Moon orbits around the Earth.", "Clouds cover the Moon." ]
2
[ "chemical energy into electric energy", "number of people living in the area.", "The Moon orbits around the Earth.", "visible light." ]
Mercury_7057960
How do the nutrients necessary for plant growth get into the soil?
{ "text": [ "The soil absorbs sunlight.", "Water filters through the soil.", "Organic matter is decayed in the soil.", "The soil is exposed to air." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }
C
How do the nutrients necessary for plant growth get into the soil?
[ "The soil absorbs sunlight.", "Water filters through the soil.", "Organic matter is decayed in the soil.", "The soil is exposed to air." ]
2
[ "force", "reproductive", "Organic matter is decayed in the soil.", "a mountain peak" ]
VASoL_2009_5_34
Which part of a sunflower plant absorbs water and nutrients?
{ "text": [ "Roots", "Stems", "Leaves", "Flowers" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }
A
Which part of a sunflower plant absorbs water and nutrients?
[ "Roots", "Stems", "Leaves", "Flowers" ]
0
[ "Roots", "absorb oxygen and transfer it to body cells", "organic decomposition", "proton" ]