qtype stringclasses 16
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genetic changes | What are the genetic changes related to congenital diaphragmatic hernia ? | Congenital diaphragmatic hernia has many different causes. In 10 to 15 percent of affected individuals, the condition appears as a feature of a disorder that affects many body systems, called a syndrome. Donnai-Barrow syndrome, Fryns syndrome, and Pallister-Killian mosaic syndrome are among several syndromes in which c... |
inheritance | Is congenital diaphragmatic hernia inherited ? | Isolated congenital diaphragmatic hernia is rarely inherited. In almost all cases, there is only one affected individual in a family. When congenital diaphragmatic hernia occurs as a feature of a genetic syndrome or chromosomal abnormality, it may cluster in families according to the inheritance pattern for that condi... |
treatment | What are the treatments for congenital diaphragmatic hernia ? | These resources address the diagnosis or management of congenital diaphragmatic hernia: - Boston Children's Hospital - Children's Hospital of Philadelphia - Columbia University Medical Center: DHREAMS - Columbia University Medical Center: Hernia Repair - Gene Review: Gene Review: Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia Ov... |
information | What is (are) common variable immune deficiency ? | Common variable immune deficiency (CVID) is a disorder that impairs the immune system. People with CVID are highly susceptible to infection from foreign invaders such as bacteria, or more rarely, viruses and often develop recurrent infections, particularly in the lungs, sinuses, and ears. Pneumonia is common in people ... |
frequency | How many people are affected by common variable immune deficiency ? | CVID is estimated to affect 1 in 25,000 to 1 in 50,000 people worldwide, although the prevalence can vary across different populations. |
genetic changes | What are the genetic changes related to common variable immune deficiency ? | CVID is believed to result from mutations in genes that are involved in the development and function of immune system cells called B cells. B cells are specialized white blood cells that help protect the body against infection. When B cells mature, they produce special proteins called antibodies (also known as immunogl... |
inheritance | Is common variable immune deficiency inherited ? | Most cases of CVID are sporadic and occur in people with no apparent history of the disorder in their family. These cases probably result from a complex interaction of environmental and genetic factors. In some families, CVID is inherited in an autosomal recessive pattern, which means both copies of a gene in each cel... |
treatment | What are the treatments for common variable immune deficiency ? | These resources address the diagnosis or management of common variable immune deficiency: - Genetic Testing Registry: Common variable immunodeficiency 10 - Genetic Testing Registry: Common variable immunodeficiency 11 - Genetic Testing Registry: Common variable immunodeficiency 2 - Genetic Testing Registry: Common ... |
information | What is (are) juvenile hyaline fibromatosis ? | Juvenile hyaline fibromatosis is a disorder that affects the skin, joints, and bones. Individuals with this condition typically begin to develop signs and symptoms within the first few years of life. Juvenile hyaline fibromatosis is characterized by skin bumps that frequently appear on the hands, neck, scalp, ears, and... |
frequency | How many people are affected by juvenile hyaline fibromatosis ? | The prevalence of juvenile hyaline fibromatosis is unknown. About 70 people with this disorder have been reported. |
genetic changes | What are the genetic changes related to juvenile hyaline fibromatosis ? | Mutations in the ANTXR2 gene (also known as the CMG2 gene) cause juvenile hyaline fibromatosis. The ANTXR2 gene provides instructions for making a protein involved in the formation of tiny blood vessels (capillaries). Researchers believe that the ANTXR2 protein is also important for maintaining the structure of basemen... |
inheritance | Is juvenile hyaline fibromatosis inherited ? | This condition is inherited in an autosomal recessive pattern, which means both copies of the gene in each cell have mutations. The parents of an individual with an autosomal recessive condition each carry one copy of the mutated gene, but they typically do not show signs and symptoms of the condition. |
treatment | What are the treatments for juvenile hyaline fibromatosis ? | These resources address the diagnosis or management of juvenile hyaline fibromatosis: - Gene Review: Gene Review: Hyalinosis, Inherited Systemic - Genetic Testing Registry: Hyaline fibromatosis syndrome These resources from MedlinePlus offer information about the diagnosis and management of various health condition... |
information | What is (are) infantile-onset ascending hereditary spastic paralysis ? | Infantile-onset ascending hereditary spastic paralysis is one of a group of genetic disorders known as hereditary spastic paraplegias. These disorders are characterized by progressive muscle stiffness (spasticity) and eventual paralysis of the lower limbs (paraplegia). The spasticity and paraplegia result from degenera... |
frequency | How many people are affected by infantile-onset ascending hereditary spastic paralysis ? | Infantile-onset ascending hereditary spastic paralysis is a rare disorder, with at least 30 cases reported in the scientific literature. |
genetic changes | What are the genetic changes related to infantile-onset ascending hereditary spastic paralysis ? | Infantile-onset ascending hereditary spastic paralysis is caused by mutations in the ALS2 gene. This gene provides instructions for making the alsin protein. Alsin is produced in a wide range of tissues, with highest amounts in the brain, particularly in motor neurons. Alsin turns on (activates) multiple proteins calle... |
inheritance | Is infantile-onset ascending hereditary spastic paralysis inherited ? | This condition is inherited in an autosomal recessive pattern, which means both copies of the gene in each cell have mutations. The parents of an individual with an autosomal recessive condition each carry one copy of the mutated gene, but they typically do not show signs and symptoms of the condition. |
treatment | What are the treatments for infantile-onset ascending hereditary spastic paralysis ? | These resources address the diagnosis or management of infantile-onset ascending hereditary spastic paralysis: - Gene Review: Gene Review: ALS2-Related Disorders - Genetic Testing Registry: Infantile-onset ascending hereditary spastic paralysis These resources from MedlinePlus offer information about the diagnosis ... |
information | What is (are) frontotemporal dementia with parkinsonism-17 ? | Frontotemporal dementia with parkinsonism-17 (FTDP-17) is a progressive brain disorder that affects behavior, language, and movement. The symptoms of this disorder usually become noticeable in a person's forties or fifties. Most affected people survive 5 to 10 years after the appearance of symptoms, although a few have... |
frequency | How many people are affected by frontotemporal dementia with parkinsonism-17 ? | The worldwide prevalence of FTDP-17 is unknown. In the Netherlands, where the disease prevalence has been studied, it is estimated to affect 1 in 1 million people. However, the disorder is likely underdiagnosed, so it may actually be more common than this. FTDP-17 probably accounts for a small percentage of all cases ... |
genetic changes | What are the genetic changes related to frontotemporal dementia with parkinsonism-17 ? | FTDP-17 is caused by mutations in the MAPT gene. This gene is located on chromosome 17, which is how the disease got its name. The MAPT gene provides instructions for making a protein called tau. This protein is found throughout the nervous system, including in nerve cells (neurons) in the brain. It is involved in ass... |
inheritance | Is frontotemporal dementia with parkinsonism-17 inherited ? | This condition is inherited in an autosomal dominant pattern, which means one copy of the altered gene in each cell is sufficient to cause the disorder. |
treatment | What are the treatments for frontotemporal dementia with parkinsonism-17 ? | These resources address the diagnosis or management of FTDP-17: - Gene Review: Gene Review: MAPT-Related Disorders - Genetic Testing Registry: Frontotemporal dementia These resources from MedlinePlus offer information about the diagnosis and management of various health conditions: - Diagnostic Tests - Drug Thera... |
information | What is (are) autosomal recessive spastic ataxia of Charlevoix-Saguenay ? | Autosomal recessive spastic ataxia of Charlevoix-Saguenay, more commonly known as ARSACS, is a condition affecting muscle movement. People with ARSACS typically have abnormal tensing of the muscles (spasticity), difficulty coordinating movements (ataxia), muscle wasting (amyotrophy), involuntary eye movements (nystagmu... |
frequency | How many people are affected by autosomal recessive spastic ataxia of Charlevoix-Saguenay ? | The incidence of ARSACS in the Charlevoix-Saguenay region of Quebec is estimated to be 1 in 1,500 to 2,000 individuals. Outside of Quebec, ARSACS is rare, but the incidence is unknown. |
genetic changes | What are the genetic changes related to autosomal recessive spastic ataxia of Charlevoix-Saguenay ? | Mutations in the SACS gene cause ARSACS. The SACS gene provides instructions for producing a protein called sacsin. Sacsin is found in the brain, skin cells, muscles used for movement (skeletal muscles), and at low levels in the pancreas, but the specific function of the protein is unknown. Research suggests that sacsi... |
inheritance | Is autosomal recessive spastic ataxia of Charlevoix-Saguenay inherited ? | This condition is inherited in an autosomal recessive pattern, which means both copies of the gene in each cell have mutations. The parents of an individual with an autosomal recessive condition each carry one copy of the mutated gene, but they typically do not show signs and symptoms of the condition. |
treatment | What are the treatments for autosomal recessive spastic ataxia of Charlevoix-Saguenay ? | These resources address the diagnosis or management of ARSACS: - Gene Review: Gene Review: ARSACS - Genetic Testing Registry: Spastic ataxia Charlevoix-Saguenay type These resources from MedlinePlus offer information about the diagnosis and management of various health conditions: - Diagnostic Tests - Drug Therap... |
information | What is (are) acromicric dysplasia ? | Acromicric dysplasia is a condition characterized by severely short stature, short limbs, stiff joints, and distinctive facial features. Newborns with acromicric dysplasia are of normal size, but slow growth over time results in short stature. The average height of adults with this disorder is about 4 feet, 2 inches f... |
frequency | How many people are affected by acromicric dysplasia ? | Acromicric dysplasia is a rare disorder; its prevalence is unknown. |
genetic changes | What are the genetic changes related to acromicric dysplasia ? | Acromicric dysplasia is caused by mutations in the FBN1 gene, which provides instructions for making a large protein called fibrillin-1. This protein is transported out of cells into the extracellular matrix, which is an intricate lattice of proteins and other molecules that forms in the spaces between cells. In this m... |
inheritance | Is acromicric dysplasia inherited ? | Acromicric dysplasia is an autosomal dominant condition, which means one copy of the altered gene in each cell is sufficient to cause the disorder. Most cases result from new mutations in the gene and occur in people with no history of the disorder in their family. In other cases, an affected person inherits the mutati... |
treatment | What are the treatments for acromicric dysplasia ? | These resources address the diagnosis or management of acromicric dysplasia: - Genetic Testing Registry: Acromicric dysplasia These resources from MedlinePlus offer information about the diagnosis and management of various health conditions: - Diagnostic Tests - Drug Therapy - Surgery and Rehabilitation - Geneti... |
information | What is (are) chorea-acanthocytosis ? | Chorea-acanthocytosis is primarily a neurological disorder that affects movement in many parts of the body. Chorea refers to the involuntary jerking movements made by people with this disorder. People with this condition also have abnormal star-shaped red blood cells (acanthocytosis). This condition is one of a group o... |
frequency | How many people are affected by chorea-acanthocytosis ? | It is estimated that 500 to 1,000 people worldwide have chorea-acanthocytosis. |
genetic changes | What are the genetic changes related to chorea-acanthocytosis ? | Mutations in the VPS13A gene cause chorea-acanthocytosis. The VPS13A gene provides instructions for producing a protein called chorein; the function of this protein in the body is unknown. Some researchers believe that chorein plays a role in the movement of proteins within cells. Most VPS13A gene mutations lead to the... |
inheritance | Is chorea-acanthocytosis inherited ? | This condition is inherited in an autosomal recessive pattern, which means both copies of the gene in each cell have mutations. The parents of an individual with an autosomal recessive condition each carry one copy of the mutated gene, but they typically do not show signs and symptoms of the condition. |
treatment | What are the treatments for chorea-acanthocytosis ? | These resources address the diagnosis or management of chorea-acanthocytosis: - Gene Review: Gene Review: Chorea-Acanthocytosis - Genetic Testing Registry: Choreoacanthocytosis These resources from MedlinePlus offer information about the diagnosis and management of various health conditions: - Diagnostic Tests - ... |
information | What is (are) cranioectodermal dysplasia ? | Cranioectodermal dysplasia is a disorder that affects many parts of the body. The most common features involve bone abnormalities and abnormal development of certain tissues known as ectodermal tissues, which include the skin, hair, nails, and teeth. The signs and symptoms of this condition vary among affected individu... |
frequency | How many people are affected by cranioectodermal dysplasia ? | Cranioectodermal dysplasia is a rare condition with an unknown prevalence. Approximately 40 cases of this condition have been described in the medical literature. |
genetic changes | What are the genetic changes related to cranioectodermal dysplasia ? | Cranioectodermal dysplasia is caused by mutations in one of at least four genes: the WDR35, IFT122, WDR19, or IFT43 gene. The protein produced from each of these genes is one piece (subunit) of a protein complex called IFT complex A (IFT-A). This complex is found in finger-like structures called cilia that stick out fr... |
inheritance | Is cranioectodermal dysplasia inherited ? | This condition is inherited in an autosomal recessive pattern, which means both copies of the gene in each cell have mutations. The parents of an individual with an autosomal recessive condition each carry one copy of the mutated gene, but they typically do not show signs and symptoms of the condition. |
treatment | What are the treatments for cranioectodermal dysplasia ? | These resources address the diagnosis or management of cranioectodermal dysplasia: - Gene Review: Gene Review: Cranioectodermal Dysplasia - Genetic Testing Registry: Cranioectodermal dysplasia 1 - Genetic Testing Registry: Cranioectodermal dysplasia 2 - Genetic Testing Registry: Cranioectodermal dysplasia 3 - Gene... |
information | What is (are) X-linked immunodeficiency with magnesium defect, Epstein-Barr virus infection, and neoplasia ? | X-linked immunodeficiency with magnesium defect, Epstein-Barr virus infection, and neoplasia (typically known by the acronym XMEN) is a disorder that affects the immune system in males. In XMEN, certain types of immune system cells called T cells are reduced in number or do not function properly. Normally these cells r... |
frequency | How many people are affected by X-linked immunodeficiency with magnesium defect, Epstein-Barr virus infection, and neoplasia ? | The prevalence of XMEN is unknown. Only a few affected individuals have been described in the medical literature. |
genetic changes | What are the genetic changes related to X-linked immunodeficiency with magnesium defect, Epstein-Barr virus infection, and neoplasia ? | XMEN is caused by mutations in the MAGT1 gene. This gene provides instructions for making a protein called a magnesium transporter, which moves charged atoms (ions) of magnesium (Mg2+) into certain T cells. Specifically, the magnesium transporter produced from the MAGT1 gene is active in CD8+ T cells, which are especia... |
inheritance | Is X-linked immunodeficiency with magnesium defect, Epstein-Barr virus infection, and neoplasia inherited ? | This condition is inherited in an X-linked recessive pattern. The gene associated with this condition is located on the X chromosome, which is one of the two sex chromosomes. In males (who have only one X chromosome), one altered copy of the gene in each cell is sufficient to cause the condition. In females (who have t... |
treatment | What are the treatments for X-linked immunodeficiency with magnesium defect, Epstein-Barr virus infection, and neoplasia ? | These resources address the diagnosis or management of XMEN: - MedlinePlus Encyclopedia: Epstein-Barr Virus Test - MedlinePlus Encyclopedia: T Cell Count These resources from MedlinePlus offer information about the diagnosis and management of various health conditions: - Diagnostic Tests - Drug Therapy - Surgery... |
information | What is (are) aminoacylase 1 deficiency ? | Aminoacylase 1 deficiency is an inherited disorder that can cause neurological problems; the pattern and severity of signs and symptoms vary widely among affected individuals. Individuals with this condition typically have delayed development of mental and motor skills (psychomotor delay). They can have movement proble... |
frequency | How many people are affected by aminoacylase 1 deficiency ? | The prevalence of aminoacylase 1 deficiency is unknown. |
genetic changes | What are the genetic changes related to aminoacylase 1 deficiency ? | Aminoacylase 1 deficiency is caused by mutations in the ACY1 gene. This gene provides instructions for making an enzyme called aminoacylase 1, which is involved in the breakdown of proteins when they are no longer needed. Many proteins in the body have an acetyl group attached to one end. This modification, called N-ac... |
inheritance | Is aminoacylase 1 deficiency inherited ? | This condition is inherited in an autosomal recessive pattern, which means both copies of the gene in each cell have mutations. The parents of an individual with an autosomal recessive condition each carry one copy of the mutated gene, but they typically do not show signs and symptoms of the condition. |
treatment | What are the treatments for aminoacylase 1 deficiency ? | These resources address the diagnosis or management of aminoacylase 1 deficiency: - Genetic Testing Registry: Aminoacylase 1 deficiency These resources from MedlinePlus offer information about the diagnosis and management of various health conditions: - Diagnostic Tests - Drug Therapy - Surgery and Rehabilitation... |
information | What is (are) mannose-binding lectin deficiency ? | Mannose-binding lectin deficiency is a condition that affects the immune system. People with this condition have low levels of an immune system protein called mannose-binding lectin in their blood. These individuals are prone to recurrent infections, including infections of the upper respiratory tract and other body sy... |
frequency | How many people are affected by mannose-binding lectin deficiency ? | Mannose-binding lectin deficiency is thought to affect approximately 5 to 10 percent of people worldwide; however, many affected individuals have no signs or symptoms related to low mannose-binding lectin levels. The condition is more common in certain populations, such as sub-Saharan Africans. |
genetic changes | What are the genetic changes related to mannose-binding lectin deficiency ? | Relatively common mutations in the MBL2 gene can lead to mannose-binding lectin deficiency. This gene provides instructions for making a protein that assembles into a complex called mannose-binding lectin. Functional mannose-binding lectins are made up of two to six protein groups called trimers, which are each compose... |
inheritance | Is mannose-binding lectin deficiency inherited ? | The inheritance pattern of mannose-binding lectin deficiency is unclear. Some reports show that having a disease-associated mutation in one copy of the MBL2 gene in each cell can lead to the condition, while other reports state that a mutation in both copies of the gene is necessary. It is important to note that people... |
treatment | What are the treatments for mannose-binding lectin deficiency ? | These resources address the diagnosis or management of mannose-binding lectin deficiency: - Genetic Testing Registry: Mannose-binding protein deficiency These resources from MedlinePlus offer information about the diagnosis and management of various health conditions: - Diagnostic Tests - Drug Therapy - Surgery a... |
information | What is (are) infantile systemic hyalinosis ? | Infantile systemic hyalinosis is a disorder that severely affects many areas of the body, including the skin, joints, bones, and internal organs. Hyalinosis refers to the abnormal accumulation of a clear (hyaline) substance in body tissues. The signs and symptoms of this condition are present at birth or develop within... |
frequency | How many people are affected by infantile systemic hyalinosis ? | The prevalence of infantile systemic hyalinosis is unknown. Fewer than 20 people with this disorder have been reported. |
genetic changes | What are the genetic changes related to infantile systemic hyalinosis ? | Mutations in the ANTXR2 gene (also known as the CMG2 gene) cause infantile systemic hyalinosis. The ANTXR2 gene provides instructions for making a protein involved in the formation of tiny blood vessels (capillaries). Researchers believe that the ANTXR2 protein is also important for maintaining the structure of basemen... |
inheritance | Is infantile systemic hyalinosis inherited ? | This condition is inherited in an autosomal recessive pattern, which means both copies of the gene in each cell have mutations. The parents of an individual with an autosomal recessive condition each carry one copy of the mutated gene, but they typically do not show signs and symptoms of the condition. |
treatment | What are the treatments for infantile systemic hyalinosis ? | These resources address the diagnosis or management of infantile systemic hyalinosis: - Gene Review: Gene Review: Hyalinosis, Inherited Systemic - Genetic Testing Registry: Hyaline fibromatosis syndrome - MedlinePlus Encyclopedia: Protein-losing enteropathy These resources from MedlinePlus offer information about ... |
information | What is (are) polycythemia vera ? | Polycythemia vera is a condition characterized by an increased number of red blood cells in the bloodstream. Affected individuals may also have excess white blood cells and blood clotting cells called platelets. These extra cells cause the blood to be thicker than normal. As a result, abnormal blood clots are more like... |
frequency | How many people are affected by polycythemia vera ? | The prevalence of polycythemia vera varies worldwide. The condition affects an estimated 44 to 57 per 100,000 individuals in the United States. For unknown reasons, men develop polycythemia vera more frequently than women. |
genetic changes | What are the genetic changes related to polycythemia vera ? | Mutations in the JAK2 and TET2 genes are associated with polycythemia vera. Although it remains unclear exactly what initiates polycythemia vera, researchers believe that it begins when mutations occur in the DNA of a hematopoietic stem cell. These stem cells are located in the bone marrow and have the potential to dev... |
inheritance | Is polycythemia vera inherited ? | Most cases of polycythemia vera are not inherited. This condition is associated with genetic changes that are somatic, which means they are acquired during a person's lifetime and are present only in certain cells. In rare instances, polycythemia vera has been found to run in families. In some of these families, the r... |
treatment | What are the treatments for polycythemia vera ? | These resources address the diagnosis or management of polycythemia vera: - Genetic Testing Registry: Polycythemia vera - MPN Research Foundation: Diagnosis - MedlinePlus Encyclopedia: Polycythemia Vera These resources from MedlinePlus offer information about the diagnosis and management of various health conditio... |
information | What is (are) autosomal recessive congenital methemoglobinemia ? | Autosomal recessive congenital methemoglobinemia is an inherited condition that mainly affects the function of red blood cells. Specifically, it alters a molecule within these cells called hemoglobin. Hemoglobin carries oxygen to cells and tissues throughout the body. In people with autosomal recessive congenital methe... |
frequency | How many people are affected by autosomal recessive congenital methemoglobinemia ? | The incidence of autosomal recessive congenital methemoglobinemia is unknown. |
genetic changes | What are the genetic changes related to autosomal recessive congenital methemoglobinemia ? | Autosomal recessive congenital methemoglobinemia is caused by mutations in the CYB5R3 gene. This gene provides instruction for making an enzyme called cytochrome b5 reductase 3. This enzyme is involved in transferring negatively charged particles called electrons from one molecule to another. Two versions (isoforms) of... |
inheritance | Is autosomal recessive congenital methemoglobinemia inherited ? | This condition is inherited in an autosomal recessive pattern, which means both copies of the gene in each cell have mutations. The parents of an individual with an autosomal recessive condition each carry one copy of the mutated gene, but they typically do not show signs and symptoms of the condition. |
treatment | What are the treatments for autosomal recessive congenital methemoglobinemia ? | These resources address the diagnosis or management of autosomal recessive congenital methemoglobinemia: - Genetic Testing Registry: METHEMOGLOBINEMIA, TYPE I - Genetic Testing Registry: Methemoglobinemia type 2 - KidsHealth from Nemours: Blood Test: Hemoglobin - MedlinePlus Encyclopedia: Hemoglobin - MedlinePlus ... |
information | What is (are) hystrix-like ichthyosis with deafness ? | Hystrix-like ichthyosis with deafness (HID) is a disorder characterized by dry, scaly skin (ichthyosis) and hearing loss that is usually profound. Hystrix-like means resembling a porcupine; in this type of ichthyosis, the scales may be thick and spiky, giving the appearance of porcupine quills. Newborns with HID typic... |
frequency | How many people are affected by hystrix-like ichthyosis with deafness ? | HID is a rare disorder. Its prevalence is unknown. |
genetic changes | What are the genetic changes related to hystrix-like ichthyosis with deafness ? | HID is caused by mutations in the GJB2 gene. This gene provides instructions for making a protein called gap junction beta 2, more commonly known as connexin 26. Connexin 26 is a member of the connexin protein family. Connexin proteins form channels called gap junctions that permit the transport of nutrients, charged a... |
inheritance | Is hystrix-like ichthyosis with deafness inherited ? | This condition is inherited in an autosomal dominant pattern, which means one copy of the altered gene in each cell is sufficient to cause the disorder. In some cases, an affected person inherits the mutation from one affected parent. Other cases result from new mutations in the gene and occur in people with no histor... |
treatment | What are the treatments for hystrix-like ichthyosis with deafness ? | These resources address the diagnosis or management of hystrix-like ichthyosis with deafness: - Foundation for Ichthyosis and Related Skin Types: Ichthyosis Hystrix - Genetic Testing Registry: Hystrix-like ichthyosis with deafness These resources from MedlinePlus offer information about the diagnosis and management... |
information | What is (are) 48,XXYY syndrome ? | 48,XXYY syndrome is a chromosomal condition that causes medical and behavioral problems in males. 48,XXYY disrupts male sexual development. Adolescent and adult males with this condition typically have small testes that do not produce enough testosterone, which is the hormone that directs male sexual development. A sh... |
frequency | How many people are affected by 48,XXYY syndrome ? | 48,XXYY syndrome is estimated to affect 1 in 18,000 to 50,000 males. |
genetic changes | What are the genetic changes related to 48,XXYY syndrome ? | 48,XXYY syndrome is a condition related to the X and Y chromosomes (the sex chromosomes). People normally have 46 chromosomes in each cell. Two of the 46 chromosomes, known as X and Y, are called sex chromosomes because they help determine whether a person will develop male or female sex characteristics. Females typica... |
inheritance | Is 48,XXYY syndrome inherited ? | This condition is not inherited; it usually occurs as a random event during the formation of reproductive cells (eggs and sperm). An error in cell division called nondisjunction results in a reproductive cell with an abnormal number of chromosomes. In 48,XXYY syndrome, the extra sex chromosomes almost always come from ... |
treatment | What are the treatments for 48,XXYY syndrome ? | These resources address the diagnosis or management of 48,XXYY syndrome: - Genetic Testing Registry: XXYY syndrome These resources from MedlinePlus offer information about the diagnosis and management of various health conditions: - Diagnostic Tests - Drug Therapy - Surgery and Rehabilitation - Genetic Counselin... |
information | What is (are) X-linked spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia tarda ? | X-linked spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia tarda is a condition that impairs bone growth and occurs almost exclusively in males. The name of the condition indicates that it affects the bones of the spine (spondylo-) and the ends (epiphyses) of long bones in the arms and legs. "Tarda" indicates that signs and symptoms of thi... |
frequency | How many people are affected by X-linked spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia tarda ? | The prevalence of X-linked spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia tarda is estimated to be 1 in 150,000 to 200,000 people worldwide. |
genetic changes | What are the genetic changes related to X-linked spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia tarda ? | Mutations in the TRAPPC2 gene (often called the SEDL gene) cause X-linked spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia tarda. The TRAPPC2 gene provides instructions for producing the protein sedlin. The function of sedlin is unclear. Researchers believe that sedlin is part of a large molecule called the trafficking protein particle (T... |
inheritance | Is X-linked spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia tarda inherited ? | X-linked spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia tarda is inherited in an X-linked recessive pattern. The TRAPPC2 gene is located on the X chromosome, which is one of the two sex chromosomes. In males (who have only one X chromosome), one altered copy of the gene in each cell is sufficient to cause the condition. In females (who ... |
treatment | What are the treatments for X-linked spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia tarda ? | These resources address the diagnosis or management of X-linked spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia tarda: - Gene Review: Gene Review: X-Linked Spondyloepiphyseal Dysplasia Tarda - Genetic Testing Registry: Spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia tarda These resources from MedlinePlus offer information about the diagnosis and manage... |
information | What is (are) Fuchs endothelial dystrophy ? | Fuchs endothelial dystrophy is a condition that causes vision problems. The first symptom of this condition is typically blurred vision in the morning that usually clears during the day. Over time, affected individuals lose the ability to see details (visual acuity). People with Fuchs endothelial dystrophy also become ... |
frequency | How many people are affected by Fuchs endothelial dystrophy ? | The late-onset form of Fuchs endothelial dystrophy is a common condition, affecting approximately 4 percent of people over the age of 40. The early-onset variant of Fuchs endothelial dystrophy is rare, although the exact prevalence is unknown. For reasons that are unclear, women are affected with Fuchs endothelial dys... |
genetic changes | What are the genetic changes related to Fuchs endothelial dystrophy ? | The genetics of Fuchs endothelial dystrophy are unclear. Researchers have identified regions of a few chromosomes and several genes that they think may play a role in the development of Fuchs endothelial dystrophy, but many of these associations need to be further tested. Fuchs endothelial dystrophy affects a thin lay... |
inheritance | Is Fuchs endothelial dystrophy inherited ? | In some cases, Fuchs endothelial dystrophy appears to be inherited in an autosomal dominant pattern, which means one copy of the altered gene in each cell is sufficient to cause the disorder. When this condition is caused by a mutation in the COL8A2 gene, it is inherited in an autosomal dominant pattern. In addition, a... |
treatment | What are the treatments for Fuchs endothelial dystrophy ? | These resources address the diagnosis or management of Fuchs endothelial dystrophy: - Duke Eye Center: Corneal Disease - Genetic Testing Registry: Corneal dystrophy, Fuchs endothelial 1 - Genetic Testing Registry: Corneal dystrophy, Fuchs endothelial, 2 - Genetic Testing Registry: Corneal dystrophy, Fuchs endotheli... |
information | What is (are) Weyers acrofacial dysostosis ? | Weyers acrofacial dysostosis is a disorder that affects the development of the teeth, nails, and bones. Dental abnormalities can include small, peg-shaped teeth; fewer teeth than normal (hypodontia); and one front tooth instead of two (a single central incisor). Additionally, the lower jaw (mandible) may be abnormally ... |
frequency | How many people are affected by Weyers acrofacial dysostosis ? | Weyers acrofacial dysostosis appears to be a rare disorder. Only a few affected families have been identified worldwide. |
genetic changes | What are the genetic changes related to Weyers acrofacial dysostosis ? | Most cases of Weyers acrofacial dysostosis result from mutations in the EVC2 gene. A mutation in a similar gene, EVC, has been found in at least one person with the characteristic features of the disorder. Little is known about the function of the EVC and EVC2 genes, although they appear to play important roles in cell... |
inheritance | Is Weyers acrofacial dysostosis inherited ? | Weyers acrofacial dysostosis is inherited in an autosomal dominant pattern, which means one copy of the altered EVC or EVC2 gene in each cell is sufficient to cause the disorder. In most cases, an affected person inherits the altered gene from a parent who has the condition. |
treatment | What are the treatments for Weyers acrofacial dysostosis ? | These resources address the diagnosis or management of Weyers acrofacial dysostosis: - Genetic Testing Registry: Curry-Hall syndrome These resources from MedlinePlus offer information about the diagnosis and management of various health conditions: - Diagnostic Tests - Drug Therapy - Surgery and Rehabilitation -... |
information | What is (are) phenylketonuria ? | Phenylketonuria (commonly known as PKU) is an inherited disorder that increases the levels of a substance called phenylalanine in the blood. Phenylalanine is a building block of proteins (an amino acid) that is obtained through the diet. It is found in all proteins and in some artificial sweeteners. If PKU is not treat... |
frequency | How many people are affected by phenylketonuria ? | The occurrence of PKU varies among ethnic groups and geographic regions worldwide. In the United States, PKU occurs in 1 in 10,000 to 15,000 newborns. Most cases of PKU are detected shortly after birth by newborn screening, and treatment is started promptly. As a result, the severe signs and symptoms of classic PKU are... |
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