id stringlengths 24 24 | title stringlengths 3 59 | context stringlengths 151 3.71k | question stringlengths 12 25.7k | answers sequence |
|---|---|---|---|---|
572b3335be1ee31400cb829a | Empiricism | In the 12th century CE the Andalusian Muslim philosopher and novelist Abu Bakr Ibn Tufail (known as "Abubacer" or "Ebn Tophail" in the West) included the theory of tabula rasa as a thought experiment in his Arabic philosophical novel, Hayy ibn Yaqdhan in which he depicted the development of the mind of a feral child "f... | What was Ibn Tufail's ethnicity? | {
"text": [
"Andalusian"
],
"answer_start": [
27
]
} |
5705fb2375f01819005e781f | The_Times | On 3 May 1966 it resumed printing news on the front page - previously the front page featured small advertisements, usually of interest to the moneyed classes in British society. In 1967, members of the Astor family sold the paper to Canadian publishing magnate Roy Thomson. His Thomson Corporation brought it under the ... | What is the name of the corporation that bought The Times in 1967? | {
"text": [
"Thomson Corporation"
],
"answer_start": [
279
]
} |
570d55affed7b91900d45eba | Anti-aircraft_warfare | The first issue was ammunition. Before the war it was recognised that ammunition needed to explode in the air. Both high explosive (HE) and shrapnel were used, mostly the former. Airburst fuses were either igniferious (based on a burning fuse) or mechanical (clockwork). Igniferious fuses were not well suited for anti-a... | What were hydrogen filled balloons called? | {
"text": [
"Zeppelins"
],
"answer_start": [
503
]
} |
56df72c056340a1900b29b8c | Christian | Christianity remains the dominant religion in the Western World, where 70% are Christians. A 2011 Pew Research Center survey found that 76.2% of Europeans, 73.3% in Oceania, and about 86.0% in the Americas (90% in Latin America and 77.4% in North America) described themselves as Christians. | More people belong to what religion than any other in the Western world? | {
"text": [
"Christianity"
],
"answer_start": [
0
]
} |
57275bbb708984140094dc91 | Cotton | Beginning as a self-help program in the mid-1960s, the Cotton Research and Promotion Program (CRPP) was organized by U.S. cotton producers in response to cotton's steady decline in market share. At that time, producers voted to set up a per-bale assessment system to fund the program, with built-in safeguards to protect... | What did producers of cotton have to re-establish after the market declined? | {
"text": [
"markets for cotton"
],
"answer_start": [
494
]
} |
56fae59a8f12f31900630268 | Somalis | Growing out of the Somali people's rich storytelling tradition, the first few feature-length Somali films and cinematic festivals emerged in the early 1960s, immediately after independence. Following the creation of the Somali Film Agency (SFA) regulatory body in 1975, the local film scene began to expand rapidly. The ... | What are riwaaydo? | {
"text": [
"popular musicals"
],
"answer_start": [
440
]
} |
57277778dd62a815002e9d9d | Crucifixion_of_Jesus | According to the First Epistle to the Corinthians (1 Cor. 15:4), Jesus was raised from the dead ("on the third day" counting the day of crucifixion as the first) and according to the canonical Gospels, appeared to his disciples on different occasions before ascending to heaven. The account given in Acts of the Apostles... | Which writing detailed Jesus' appearance before ascension? | {
"text": [
"canonical Gospels"
],
"answer_start": [
183
]
} |
571a35774faf5e1900b8a928 | Seattle | The main mode of transportation, however, relies on Seattle's streets, which are laid out in a cardinal directions grid pattern, except in the central business district where early city leaders Arthur Denny and Carson Boren insisted on orienting their plats relative to the shoreline rather than to true North. Only two ... | When is the tunnel now expected to be finished? | {
"text": [
"2017"
],
"answer_start": [
1006
]
} |
5727cace3acd2414000dec7e | Cork_(city) | Cork City is at the heart of industry in the south of Ireland. Its main area of industry is pharmaceuticals, with Pfizer Inc. and Swiss company Novartis being big employers in the region. The most famous product of the Cork pharmaceutical industry is Viagra. Cork is also the European headquarters of Apple Inc. where ov... | Who are the two major industry employers in Cork? | {
"text": [
"Pfizer Inc. and Swiss company Novartis"
],
"answer_start": [
114
]
} |
5726b361708984140094ce2b | The_Sun_(United_Kingdom) | Politically, the paper's stance was less clear under Prime Minister Gordon Brown who succeeded Blair in June 2007. Its editorials were critical of many of Brown's policies and often more supportive of those of Conservative leader David Cameron. Rupert Murdoch, head of The Sun's parent company News Corporation, speaking... | On which issues did Murdoch claim he exerted editorial control? | {
"text": [
"which political party to back in a general election or which policy to adopt on Europe"
],
"answer_start": [
568
]
} |
572f706ab2c2fd140056811c | Pain | Local anesthetic injections into the nerves or sensitive areas of the stump may relieve pain for days, weeks, or sometimes permanently, despite the drug wearing off in a matter of hours; and small injections of hypertonic saline into the soft tissue between vertebrae produces local pain that radiates into the phantom l... | How long can an anesthetic, at max, relieve pain for, despite wearing off in only hours? | {
"text": [
"permanently"
],
"answer_start": [
123
]
} |
572a36f06aef05140015538b | Philosophy_of_space_and_time | One recent proponent of the laws solution is Tim Maudlin who argues that the fundamental laws of physics are laws of temporal evolution (see Maudlin ). However, elsewhere Maudlin argues: "[the] passage of time is an intrinsic asymmetry in the temporal structure of the world... It is the asymmetry that grounds the disti... | Maudlin argues that the passage of time is what kind of asymmetry? | {
"text": [
"intrinsic"
],
"answer_start": [
216
]
} |
5706653e75f01819005e7b9b | MP3 | Besides lossy compression methods, lossless formats are a significant alternative to MP3 because they provide unaltered audio content, though with an increased file size compared to lossy compression. Lossless formats include FLAC (Free Lossless Audio Codec), Apple Lossless and many others. | What can lossless formats provide? | {
"text": [
"unaltered audio content"
],
"answer_start": [
110
]
} |
5727faabff5b5019007d99c9 | History_of_science | The beginning of the 20th century brought the start of a revolution in physics. The long-held theories of Newton were shown not to be correct in all circumstances. Beginning in 1900, Max Planck, Albert Einstein, Niels Bohr and others developed quantum theories to explain various anomalous experimental results, by intro... | Which scientist noticed the relationship between the speed and distance of galaxies? | {
"text": [
"Edwin Hubble"
],
"answer_start": [
810
]
} |
5733d178d058e614000b6321 | Antibiotics | There has been extensive use of antibiotics in animal husbandry. In the United States, the question of emergence of antibiotic-resistant bacterial strains due to use of antibiotics in livestock was raised by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in 1977. In March 2012, the United States District Court for the South... | What besides sick people are antibiotics used for? | {
"text": [
"animal husbandry"
],
"answer_start": [
47
]
} |
570b03a2ec8fbc190045b7db | Gregorian_calendar | Lilius's proposals had two components. Firstly, he proposed a correction to the length of the year. The mean tropical year is 365.24219 days long. As the average length of a Julian year is 365.25 days, the Julian year is almost 11 minutes longer than the mean tropical year. The discrepancy results in a drift of about t... | On what date was the original vernal equinox set? | {
"text": [
"21 March"
],
"answer_start": [
633
]
} |
5727796c708984140094de9f | North_Carolina | In 1899 the state legislature passed a new constitution, with requirements for poll taxes and literacy tests for voter registration which disfranchised most black Americans in the state. Exclusion from voting had wide effects: it meant that black Americans could not serve on juries or in any local office. After a decad... | What did the new constitution require for voter registration? | {
"text": [
"literacy tests"
],
"answer_start": [
94
]
} |
56df53a58bc80c19004e4a9b | Lighting | A sconce is a wall-mounted fixture, particularly one that shines up and sometimes down as well. A torchiere is an uplight intended for ambient lighting. It is typically a floor lamp but may be wall-mounted like a sconce. | What is a uplight used for ambient lighting? | {
"text": [
"torchiere"
],
"answer_start": [
98
]
} |
5733a8ffd058e614000b5f9f | Portugal | Despite the calamity and huge death toll, Lisbon suffered no epidemics and within less than one year was already being rebuilt. The new city centre of Lisbon was designed to resist subsequent earthquakes. Architectural models were built for tests, and the effects of an earthquake were simulated by marching troops aroun... | Did Lisbon suffer any epidemics from the calamity? | {
"text": [
"Lisbon suffered no epidemics"
],
"answer_start": [
42
]
} |
56e4839b39bdeb1400347969 | Architecture | Early Asian writings on architecture include the Kao Gong Ji of China from the 7th–5th centuries BCE; the Shilpa Shastras of ancient India and Manjusri Vasthu Vidya Sastra of Sri Lanka. | When was the Kao Gong Ji written? | {
"text": [
"7th–5th centuries BCE"
],
"answer_start": [
79
]
} |
5733eb23d058e614000b65c5 | Premier_League | The Football Association Premier League Ltd (FAPL) is operated as a corporation and is owned by the 20 member clubs. Each club is a shareholder, with one vote each on issues such as rule changes and contracts. The clubs elect a chairman, chief executive, and board of directors to oversee the daily operations of the lea... | Who is the current chairman of the Premier League? | {
"text": [
"Sir Dave Richards"
],
"answer_start": [
349
]
} |
573057ab2461fd1900a9cd89 | Windows_8 | An upgrade to Windows 8 known as Windows 8.1 was officially announced by Microsoft on May 14, 2013. Following a presentation devoted to the upgrade at Build 2013, a public beta version of the upgrade was released on June 26, 2013. Windows 8.1 was released to OEM hardware partners on August 27, 2013, and released public... | When was Windows 8.1 introduced? | {
"text": [
"May 14, 2013"
],
"answer_start": [
86
]
} |
56e8d28e0b45c0140094ccf7 | Westminster_Abbey | Since 1066, when Harold Godwinson and William the Conqueror were crowned, the coronations of English and British monarchs have been held there. There have been at least 16 royal weddings at the abbey since 1100. Two were of reigning monarchs (Henry I and Richard II), although, before 1919, there had been none for some ... | Who were the first monarchs crowned at Westminster Abbey? | {
"text": [
"Harold Godwinson and William the Conqueror"
],
"answer_start": [
17
]
} |
57313e9a05b4da19006bcf31 | Qing_dynasty | Han Chinese farmers were resettled from north China by the Qing to the area along the Liao River in order to restore the land to cultivation. Wasteland was reclaimed by Han Chinese squatters in addition to other Han who rented land from Manchu landlords. Despite officially prohibiting Han Chinese settlement on the Manc... | How much land did the Han farm in Inner Mongolia? | {
"text": [
"tens of thousands of hectares"
],
"answer_start": [
568
]
} |
56d3711659d6e414001463d1 | Frédéric_Chopin | In April, during the Revolution of 1848 in Paris, he left for London, where he performed at several concerts and at numerous receptions in great houses. This tour was suggested to him by his Scottish pupil Jane Stirling and her elder sister. Stirling also made all the logistical arrangements and provided much of the ne... | What was happening in April 1848 in Paris? | {
"text": [
"Revolution"
],
"answer_start": [
21
]
} |
5727ba1bff5b5019007d938f | A_cappella | The reasons for the strong Swedish dominance are as explained by Richard Sparks manifold; suffice to say here that there is a long-standing tradition, an unsusually large proportion of the populations (5% is often cited) regularly sing in choirs, the Swedish choral director Eric Ericson had an enormous impact on a capp... | Which music school began the implementation of high musical standards? | {
"text": [
"Adolf Fredrik's Music School"
],
"answer_start": [
650
]
} |
5733f72d4776f419006615dc | Premier_League | Stadium attendances are a significant source of regular income for Premier League clubs. For the 2009–10 season, average attendances across the league clubs were 34,215 for Premier League matches with a total aggregate attendance figure of 13,001,616. This represents an increase of 13,089 from the average attendance of... | For when did the Taylor Report set the deadline for replacing terraces with seats in stadiums? | {
"text": [
"1994–95"
],
"answer_start": [
532
]
} |
57280996ff5b5019007d9b86 | Northwestern_University | Politics & Policy was founded at Northwestern and is dedicated to the analysis of current events and public policy. Begun in 2010 by students in the Weinberg College of Arts and Sciences, School of Communication, and Medill School of Journalism, the organization reaches students on more than 250 college campuses around... | Who completely runs Politics and Policy? | {
"text": [
"undergraduates"
],
"answer_start": [
348
]
} |
571b058d9499d21900609bda | Asphalt | When maintenance is performed on asphalt pavements, such as milling to remove a worn or damaged surface, the removed material can be returned to a facility for processing into new pavement mixtures. The asphalt/bitumen in the removed material can be reactivated and put back to use in new pavement mixes. With some 95% o... | During what action is asphalt often reclaimed? | {
"text": [
"maintenance"
],
"answer_start": [
5
]
} |
570e06f60dc6ce1900204d8e | Antarctica | Some of Antarctica has been warming up; particularly strong warming has been noted on the Antarctic Peninsula. A study by Eric Steig published in 2009 noted for the first time that the continent-wide average surface temperature trend of Antarctica is slightly positive at >0.05 °C (0.09 °F) per decade from 1957 to 2006.... | How much has west Antarctica warmed per decade in the last 5o years? | {
"text": [
"0.1 °C"
],
"answer_start": [
388
]
} |
5726da59dd62a815002e92a4 | Copyright_infringement | In the U.S., for example, copyright case law contains a substantial similarity requirement to determine whether the work was copied. Likewise, courts may require computer software to pass an Abstraction-Filtration-Comparison test (AFC Test) to determine if it is too abstract to qualify for protection, or too dissimilar... | What has software case law determined about R&D, effort and expense put into creation? | {
"text": [
"doesn't affect copyright protection"
],
"answer_start": [
485
]
} |
5729bbbaaf94a219006aa5e2 | IBM | In 1937, IBM's tabulating equipment enabled organizations to process unprecedented amounts of data, its clients including the U.S. Government, during its first effort to maintain the employment records for 26 million people pursuant to the Social Security Act, and the Third Reich, largely through the German subsidiary ... | What year did IBM open its first office in Bahrain? | {
"text": [
"1947"
],
"answer_start": [
524
]
} |
573044d5a23a5019007fd034 | Antenna_(radio) | An electromagnetic wave refractor in some aperture antennas is a component which due to its shape and position functions to selectively delay or advance portions of the electromagnetic wavefront passing through it. The refractor alters the spatial characteristics of the wave on one side relative to the other side. It c... | A refractor can be compared to what type of viewing? | {
"text": [
"optical lens"
],
"answer_start": [
508
]
} |
5731e90bb9d445190005e665 | Bras%C3%ADlia | The Juscelino Kubitschek bridge, also known as the 'President JK Bridge' or the 'JK Bridge', crosses Lake Paranoá in Brasília. It is named after Juscelino Kubitschek de Oliveira, former president of Brazil. It was designed by architect Alexandre Chan and structural engineer Mário Vila Verde. Chan won the Gustav Lindent... | What is the JK Bridge a nickname for? | {
"text": [
"The Juscelino Kubitschek bridge"
],
"answer_start": [
0
]
} |
5726bc21f1498d1400e8e964 | Mexico_City | The Museo Soumaya, named after the wife of Mexican magnate Carlos Slim, has the largest private collection of original Rodin sculptures outside Paris. It also has a large collection of Dalí sculptures, and recently began showing pieces in its masters collection including El Greco, Velázquez, Picasso and Canaletto. The ... | What other famous sculpture has had his art displayed at the Museo Soumaya? | {
"text": [
"Dalí"
],
"answer_start": [
185
]
} |
573199ecb9d445190005e3fe | Religion_in_ancient_Rome | Romulus was credited with several religious institutions. He founded the Consualia festival, inviting the neighbouring Sabines to participate; the ensuing rape of the Sabine women by Romulus's men further embedded both violence and cultural assimilation in Rome's myth of origins. As a successful general, Romulus is als... | What religious festival did Romulus found? | {
"text": [
"Consualia"
],
"answer_start": [
73
]
} |
56cf6af94df3c31400b0d765 | Frédéric_Chopin | Back in Warsaw that year, Chopin heard Niccolò Paganini play the violin, and composed a set of variations, Souvenir de Paganini. It may have been this experience which encouraged him to commence writing his first Études, (1829–32), exploring the capacities of his own instrument. On 11 August, three weeks after completi... | Why did some critics say that Chopin was too delicate? | {
"text": [
"accustomed to the piano-bashing of local artists"
],
"answer_start": [
547
]
} |
5727983ddd62a815002ea16c | Carnival | In Mexico, Carnival is celebrated in about 225 cities and towns. The largest is in Mazatlán and the city of Veracruz with others in Baja California and Yucatán. The larger city Carnivals employ costumes, elected queens and parades with floats, but Carnival celebrations in smaller and rural areas vary widely depending o... | Where do people take part in mock combat with blank shooting rifles? | {
"text": [
"Huejotzingo, Puebla"
],
"answer_start": [
414
]
} |
56f98f939b226e1400dd1578 | Zhejiang | Catholicism arrived 400 years ago in the province and Protestantism 150 years ago. Zhejiang is one of the provinces of China with the largest concentrations of Protestants, especially notable in the city of Wenzhou. In 1999 Zhejiang's Protestant population comprised 2.8% of the provincial population, a small percentage... | How many years ago did Catholicism arrive in the province? | {
"text": [
"400"
],
"answer_start": [
20
]
} |
5706511d52bb8914006899e0 | Black_people | Some succeeded their fathers as rulers, such as Sultan Ahmad al-Mansur, who ruled Morocco from 1578 to 1608. He was not technically considered as a mixed-race child of a slave; his mother was Fulani and a concubine of his father. Such tolerance for black persons, even when technically "free", was not so common in Moroc... | Who was the ruler in Morocco? | {
"text": [
"Sultan Ahmad al-Mansur"
],
"answer_start": [
48
]
} |
56f71ecf711bf01900a449a6 | Treaty | When a state limits its treaty obligations through reservations, other states party to that treaty have the option to accept those reservations, object to them, or object and oppose them. If the state accepts them (or fails to act at all), both the reserving state and the accepting state are relieved of the reserved le... | What happens to the parts of the treaty affected by a rejected reservation as they concern the reserving and rejecting parties? | {
"text": [
"drop out completely"
],
"answer_start": [
584
]
} |
56fe034c19033b140034ce39 | Computer | A computer will solve problems in exactly the way it is programmed to, without regard to efficiency, alternative solutions, possible shortcuts, or possible errors in the code. Computer programs that learn and adapt are part of the emerging field of artificial intelligence and machine learning. | Computer programs that can learn are studied in what field? | {
"text": [
"artificial intelligence"
],
"answer_start": [
249
]
} |
5727e9773acd2414000defa0 | Cork_(city) | Hurling and football are the most popular spectator sports in the city. Hurling has a strong identity with city and county – with Cork winning 30 All-Ireland Championships. Gaelic football is also popular, and Cork has won 7 All-Ireland Senior Football Championship titles. There are many Gaelic Athletic Association clu... | How many All-Ireland Championships has Cork won? | {
"text": [
"30"
],
"answer_start": [
143
]
} |
572cb837750c471900ed4cf2 | Law_of_the_United_States | Most cases are litigated in state courts and involve claims and defenses under state laws. In a 2012 report, the National Center for State Courts' Court Statistics Project found that state trial courts received 103.5 million newly filed cases in 2010, which consisted of 56.3 million traffic cases, 20.4 million criminal... | Where are cases usually argued? | {
"text": [
"state courts"
],
"answer_start": [
28
]
} |
572a40941d04691400779892 | Ottoman_Empire | The highest position in Islam, caliphate, was claimed by the sultans starting since Murad I, which was established as Ottoman Caliphate. The Ottoman sultan, pâdişâh or "lord of kings", served as the Empire's sole regent and was considered to be the embodiment of its government, though he did not always exercise complet... | What was the purpose of the palace educational system? | {
"text": [
"eliminating the unfit potential heirs, and establishing support among the ruling elite for a successor"
],
"answer_start": [
768
]
} |
573041b7947a6a140053d359 | Association_football | Each team consists of a maximum of eleven players (excluding substitutes), one of whom must be the goalkeeper. Competition rules may state a minimum number of players required to constitute a team, which is usually seven. Goalkeepers are the only players allowed to play the ball with their hands or arms, provided they ... | If there's a minimum amount of players it's usually what? | {
"text": [
"seven"
],
"answer_start": [
215
]
} |
5727d96f3acd2414000dee05 | Oklahoma | The Egyptian art collection at the Mabee-Gerrer Museum of Art in Shawnee is considered to be the finest Egyptian collection between Chicago and Los Angeles. The Oklahoma City Museum of Art contains the most comprehensive collection of glass sculptures by artist Dale Chihuly in the world, and Oklahoma City's National Co... | What kind of art did Dale Chinuly make? | {
"text": [
"glass sculptures"
],
"answer_start": [
235
]
} |
573163cf497a881900248eba | Mosaic | The Church of the Holy Apostles in Thessaloniki was built in 1310–14. Although some vandal systematically removed the gold tesserae of the background it can be seen that the Pantokrator and the prophets in the dome follow the traditional Byzantine pattern. Many details are similar to the Pammakaristos mosaics so it is ... | Who removed the gold tesserae in the background of the mosaic at the Church of the Holy Apostles? | {
"text": [
"some vandal"
],
"answer_start": [
79
]
} |
573089508ab72b1400f9c558 | Airport | The title of "world's oldest airport" is disputed, but College Park Airport in Maryland, US, established in 1909 by Wilbur Wright, is generally agreed to be the world's oldest continually operating airfield, although it serves only general aviation traffic. Bisbee-Douglas International Airport in Arizona was declared "... | Who established the College Park Airport? | {
"text": [
"Wilbur Wright"
],
"answer_start": [
116
]
} |
57284d5f3acd2414000df8dc | War_on_Terror | The USA PATRIOT Act of October 2001 dramatically reduces restrictions on law enforcement agencies' ability to search telephone, e-mail communications, medical, financial, and other records; eases restrictions on foreign intelligence gathering within the United States; expands the Secretary of the Treasury's authority t... | How was the definition of terrorism expanded by the Patriot Act? | {
"text": [
"to include domestic terrorism"
],
"answer_start": [
618
]
} |
56f9453c9b226e1400dd12e6 | List_of_numbered_streets_in_Manhattan | A section of East 58th Street 40°45′40.3″N 73°57′56.9″W / 40.761194°N 73.965806°W / 40.761194; -73.965806 between Lexington and Second Avenues is known as Designers' Way and features a number of high end interior design and decoration establishments, including | Designers' Way occurs on East 58th Street between Lexington and which other Avenue? | {
"text": [
"Second"
],
"answer_start": [
131
]
} |
56facca98f12f319006301bb | High-definition_television | The massive amount of data storage required to archive uncompressed streams meant that inexpensive uncompressed storage options were not available to the consumer. In 2008, the Hauppauge 1212 Personal Video Recorder was introduced. This device accepts HD content through component video inputs and stores the content in ... | Recent systems can record a broadcast HD program in what format? | {
"text": [
"'as broadcast' format or transcode to a format more compatible with Blu-ray"
],
"answer_start": [
571
]
} |
57267189708984140094c641 | Queen_Victoria | In 1870, republican sentiment in Britain, fed by the Queen's seclusion, was boosted after the establishment of the Third French Republic. A republican rally in Trafalgar Square demanded Victoria's removal, and Radical MPs spoke against her. In August and September 1871, she was seriously ill with an abscess in her arm,... | When did the Third French Republic come onto the scene? | {
"text": [
"1870"
],
"answer_start": [
3
]
} |
56d367d259d6e414001462fa | American_Idol | American Idol was based on the British show Pop Idol created by Simon Fuller, which was in turn inspired by the New Zealand television singing competition Popstars. Television producer Nigel Lythgoe saw it in Australia and helped bring it over to Britain. Fuller was inspired by the idea from Popstars of employing a pan... | What show in New Zealand was the inspiration for the British Series Pop Idol? | {
"text": [
"Popstars"
],
"answer_start": [
155
]
} |
56d378bb59d6e414001464b5 | American_Idol | The American Idol Songwriter contest was also held this season. From ten of the most popular submissions, each of the final two contestants chose a song to perform, although neither of their selections was used as the "coronation song". The winning song, "The Time of My Life", was recorded by David Cook and released on... | What year did David Cook release the single, "The Time of My Life"? | {
"text": [
"2008"
],
"answer_start": [
329
]
} |
57301ce7b2c2fd14005688a4 | Antenna_(radio) | For instance, if a transmitter delivers 100 W into an antenna having an efficiency of 80%, then the antenna will radiate 80 W as radio waves and produce 20 W of heat. In order to radiate 100 W of power, one would need to use a transmitter capable of supplying 125 W to the antenna. Note that antenna efficiency is a sepa... | What factor may play a hand in lessened power from a transmitter? | {
"text": [
"impedance matching"
],
"answer_start": [
336
]
} |
57266c455951b619008f7249 | Dutch_language | Unlike other European nations, the Dutch chose not to follow a policy of language expansion amongst the indigenous peoples of their colonies. In the last quarter of the 19th century, however, a local elite gained proficiency in Dutch so as to meet the needs of expanding bureaucracy and business. Nevertheless, the Dutch... | Towards the end of what century did it become important for more people in Dutch colonies to speak Dutch? | {
"text": [
"19th"
],
"answer_start": [
169
]
} |
56e6c3edde9d37140006802a | Adult_contemporary_music | One big impetus for the development of the AC radio format was that, when rock and roll music first became popular in the mid-1950s, many more conservative radio stations wanted to continue to play current hit songs while shying away from rock. These middle of the road (or "MOR") stations also frequently included older... | During what decade did rock and roll music first rise to popularity? | {
"text": [
"1950s"
],
"answer_start": [
126
]
} |
5725c0cfec44d21400f3d4d0 | Hellenistic_period | The third war of the Diadochi broke out because of the growing power and ambition of Antigonus. He began removing and appointing satraps as if he were king and also raided the royal treasuries in Ectabana, Persepolis and Susa, making off with 25,000 talents. Seleucus was forced to flee to Egypt and Antigonus was soon a... | Who ordered the death of King Alexander IV? | {
"text": [
"Cassander"
],
"answer_start": [
651
]
} |
56f893a2a6d7ea1400e1777f | Alps | Agassiz studied glacier movement in the 1840s at the Unteraar Glacier where he found the glacier moved 100 m (328 ft) per year, more rapidly in the middle than at the edges. His work was continued by other scientists and now a permanent laboratory exists inside a glacier under the Jungfraujoch, devoted exclusively to t... | The movement of the Unteraar Glacier moved more rapidly in what part? | {
"text": [
"the middle"
],
"answer_start": [
144
]
} |
5731899305b4da19006bd24e | Muammar_Gaddafi | Accusing the rebels of being "drugged" and linked to al-Qaeda, Gaddafi proclaimed that he would die a martyr rather than leave Libya. As he announced that the rebels would be "hunted down street by street, house by house and wardrobe by wardrobe", the army opened fire on protests in Benghazi, killing hundreds. Shocked ... | Along with Benghazi and Misrata, what cities did the rebels control in February? | {
"text": [
"al-Bayda and Tobruk"
],
"answer_start": [
571
]
} |
5726da40f1498d1400e8ed33 | Queen_(band) | Queen are one of the most bootlegged bands ever, according to Nick Weymouth, who manages the band's official website. A 2001 survey discovered the existence of 12,225 websites dedicated to Queen bootlegs, the highest number for any band. Bootleg recordings have contributed to the band's popularity in certain countries ... | What country is a popular site for Queen bootlegs because it is outlawed? | {
"text": [
"Iran"
],
"answer_start": [
361
]
} |
572a767174f2e11900503fc8 | Miami | The wet season begins some time in May, ending in mid-October. During this period, temperatures are in the mid 80s to low 90s (29–35 °C), accompanied by high humidity, though the heat is often relieved by afternoon thunderstorms or a sea breeze that develops off the Atlantic Ocean, which then allow lower temperatures, ... | What month sees the end of the wet season in Miami? | {
"text": [
"October"
],
"answer_start": [
54
]
} |
5733eb534776f419006614f1 | Tajikistan | The territory that now constitutes Tajikistan was previously home to several ancient cultures, including the city of Sarazm of the Neolithic and the Bronze Age, and was later home to kingdoms ruled by people of different faiths and cultures, including the Oxus civilization, Andronovo culture, Buddhism, Nestorian Christ... | What year did Tajikistan become an independant nation? | {
"text": [
"1991"
],
"answer_start": [
654
]
} |
57319266497a881900249052 | Muammar_Gaddafi | Gaddafi remained a controversial and divisive figure on the world stage throughout his life and after death. Supporters praised Gaddafi's administration for the creation of an almost classless society through domestic reform. They stress the regime's achievements in combating homelessness and ensuring access to food an... | What was the cost of primary and secondary education under Gaddafi? | {
"text": [
"free"
],
"answer_start": [
396
]
} |
572782b6dd62a815002e9f30 | Ann_Arbor,_Michigan | Left-wing politics have been particularly strong in municipal government since the 1960s. Voters approved charter amendments that have lessened the penalties for possession of marijuana (1974), and that aim to protect access to abortion in the city should it ever become illegal in the State of Michigan (1990). In 1974,... | Voters in the city approve which kind of amendment? | {
"text": [
"charter"
],
"answer_start": [
106
]
} |
5727758f5951b619008f8a68 | On_the_Origin_of_Species | Charles Darwin's grandfather Erasmus Darwin outlined a hypothesis of transmutation of species in the 1790s, and Jean-Baptiste Lamarck published a more developed theory in 1809. Both envisaged that spontaneous generation produced simple forms of life that progressively developed greater complexity, adapting to the envir... | What is the process of adapting to the environment and inheriting changes through use or disuse called? | {
"text": [
"Lamarckism"
],
"answer_start": [
414
]
} |
5726dff0dd62a815002e938b | Queen_(band) | Queen contributed music directly to the films Flash Gordon (1980), with "Flash" as the theme song, and Highlander (the original 1986 film), with "A Kind of Magic", "One Year of Love", "Who Wants to Live Forever", "Hammer to Fall", and the theme "Princes of the Universe", which was also used as the theme of the Highland... | Which 1986 movie contained a Queen theme song? | {
"text": [
"Highlander"
],
"answer_start": [
103
]
} |
573447e5879d6814001ca478 | Hunting | Even as animal domestication became relatively widespread and after the development of agriculture, hunting was usually a significant contributor to the human food supply. The supplementary meat and materials from hunting included protein, bone for implements, sinew for cordage, fur, feathers, rawhide and leather used ... | Rocks and spears are examples of some of man's earliest what? | {
"text": [
"hunting weapons"
],
"answer_start": [
348
]
} |
5727b3b72ca10214002d944c | Unicode | Unicode has the explicit aim of transcending the limitations of traditional character encodings, such as those defined by the ISO 8859 standard, which find wide usage in various countries of the world but remain largely incompatible with each other. Many traditional character encodings share a common problem in that th... | What is the major limitation of traditional character encodings? | {
"text": [
"wide usage in various countries of the world but remain largely incompatible with each other"
],
"answer_start": [
156
]
} |
56e152d7cd28a01900c677c7 | Boston | Several universities located outside Boston have a major presence in the city. Harvard University, the nation's oldest institute of higher education, is centered across the Charles River in Cambridge but has the majority of its land holdings and a substantial amount of its educational activities in Boston. Its business... | What Univesity located outside of Boston still holds a large presence in the city? | {
"text": [
"Harvard University"
],
"answer_start": [
79
]
} |
570d6ae3b3d812140066d8b0 | Valencia | About two thousand Roman colonists were settled there in 138 BC during the rule of consul Decimus Junius Brutus Galaico. The Roman historian Florus says that Brutus transferred the soldiers who had fought under him to that province. This was a typical Roman city in its conception, as it was located in a strategic locat... | What is now located at the former centre of Valencia? | {
"text": [
"Plaza de la Virgen"
],
"answer_start": [
540
]
} |
5725f1c838643c19005acee7 | Chicago_Cubs | The team played its first games in 1876 as a founding member of the National League (NL), eventually becoming known officially as the Chicago Cubs for the 1903 season. Officially, the Cubs are tied for the distinction of being the oldest currently active U.S. professional sports club, along with the Atlanta Braves, whi... | When did the Chicago Cubs play their first game? | {
"text": [
"1876"
],
"answer_start": [
35
]
} |
570c9785b3d812140066d23f | FC_Barcelona | Two days later, it was announced that Luis Enrique would return to Barcelona as head coach, after he agreed to a two-year deal. He was recommended by sporting director Andoni Zubizarreta, his former national teammate. Following Enrique's arrival, Barcelona broke their transfer record when they paid Liverpool F.C. betwe... | Who banned Saurez for four months after he bit another player? | {
"text": [
"FIFA Disciplinary Committee"
],
"answer_start": [
450
]
} |
57265269708984140094c256 | Poultry | The quail is a small to medium-sized, cryptically coloured bird. In its natural environment, it is found in bushy places, in rough grassland, among agricultural crops, and in other places with dense cover. It feeds on seeds, insects, and other small invertebrates. Being a largely ground-dwelling, gregarious bird, domes... | From what country do most domesticated quails today descend from ? | {
"text": [
"modern domesticated flocks are mostly of Japanese quail (Coturnix japonica)"
],
"answer_start": [
696
]
} |
571b188b9499d21900609bf5 | Asphalt | The great majority of asphalt used commercially is obtained from petroleum. Nonetheless, large amounts of asphalt occur in concentrated form in nature. Naturally occurring deposits of asphalt/bitumen are formed from the remains of ancient, microscopic algae (diatoms) and other once-living things. These remains were dep... | From where does most asphalt come? | {
"text": [
"petroleum"
],
"answer_start": [
65
]
} |
57282a062ca10214002d9fac | Dissolution_of_the_Soviet_Union | In Kazakhstan on June 19, 1989, young men carrying guns, firebombs, iron bars and stones rioted in Zhanaozen, causing a number of deaths. The youths tried to seize a police station and a water-supply station. They brought public transportation to a halt and shut down various shops and industries. By June 25, the riotin... | Where was the fatal June 19th riots? | {
"text": [
"Zhanaozen"
],
"answer_start": [
99
]
} |
572d333e8351f81400e9d376 | Post-punk | Nicholas Lezard described post-punk as "a fusion of art and music". The era saw the robust appropriation of ideas from literature, art, cinema, philosophy, politics and critical theory into musical and pop cultural contexts. Artists sought to refuse the common distinction between high and low culture and returned to th... | What was an intellectual focus of post-punk? | {
"text": [
"postmodernism"
],
"answer_start": [
627
]
} |
572807b63acd2414000df2a7 | John_von_Neumann | Von Neumann's mathematical analysis of the structure of self-replication preceded the discovery of the structure of DNA. In a short list of facts about his life he submitted to the National Academy of Sciences, he stated "The part of my work I consider most essential is that on quantum mechanics, which developed in Göt... | Von Neumann's study of what preceded the discovery of DNA? | {
"text": [
"mathematical analysis of the structure of self-replication"
],
"answer_start": [
14
]
} |
570de8a70b85d914000d7bb2 | Adolescence | Some researchers are now focusing on learning about how adolescents view their own relationships and sexuality; they want to move away from a research point of view that focuses on the problems associated with adolescent sexuality.[why?] College Professor Lucia O'Sullivan and her colleagues found that there weren't any... | Why do researchers believe the social event reporting by adolescents (rather than sexual activity) is important? | {
"text": [
"focus on the more positive aspects of adolescents"
],
"answer_start": [
1001
]
} |
572806282ca10214002d9bd9 | Pope_John_XXIII | On 10 May 1963, John XXIII received the Balzan Prize in private at the Vatican but deflected achievements of himself to the five popes of his lifetime, Pope Leo XIII to Pius XII. On 11 May, the Italian President Antonio Segni officially awarded Pope John XXIII with the Balzan Prize for his engagement for peace. While i... | When did John XXIII receive the Balzan Prize? | {
"text": [
"10 May 1963"
],
"answer_start": [
3
]
} |
56e19878cd28a01900c67a16 | Hydrogen | An alloy of aluminium and gallium in pellet form added to water can be used to generate hydrogen. The process also produces alumina, but the expensive gallium, which prevents the formation of an oxide skin on the pellets, can be re-used. This has important potential implications for a hydrogen economy, as hydrogen can ... | What can be reused after the formation? | {
"text": [
"the expensive gallium"
],
"answer_start": [
137
]
} |
5726b672dd62a815002e8daa | Nutrition | In the early 20th century, Carl von Voit and Max Rubner independently measured caloric energy expenditure in different species of animals, applying principles of physics in nutrition. In 1906, Edith G. Willcock and Frederick Hopkins showed that the amino acid tryptophan aids the well-being of mice but it did not assure... | What was measured in the early 20th century? | {
"text": [
"caloric energy expenditure"
],
"answer_start": [
79
]
} |
570a68426d058f1900182e20 | Emotion | Phillip Bard contributed to the theory with his work on animals. Bard found that sensory, motor, and physiological information all had to pass through the diencephalon (particularly the thalamus), before being subjected to any further processing. Therefore, Cannon also argued that it was not anatomically possible for s... | What creatures did Bard experiment on? | {
"text": [
"animals"
],
"answer_start": [
56
]
} |
572646a7708984140094c12f | Poultry | It is widely agreed that the mallard (Anas platyrhynchos) is the ancestor of all breeds of domestic duck (with the exception of the Muscovy duck (Cairina moschata), which is not closely related to other ducks). Ducks are farmed mainly for their meat, eggs, and down. As is the case with chickens, various breeds have bee... | What variety is the most common the the United States and the U.K. | {
"text": [
"Pekin duck"
],
"answer_start": [
491
]
} |
572fe10e04bcaa1900d76e30 | Armenia | Armenian cuisine is as ancient as the history of Armenia, a combination of different tastes and aromas. The food often has quite a distinct aroma. Closely related to eastern and Mediterranean cuisine, various spices, vegetables, fish, and fruits combine to present unique dishes. The main characteristics of Armenian cui... | What does Armenian cuisine place an emphasis on? | {
"text": [
"quality of the ingredients"
],
"answer_start": [
347
]
} |
57266f71dd62a815002e84b8 | Chicago_Cubs | In 1989, the first full season with night baseball at Wrigley Field, Don Zimmer's Cubs were led by a core group of veterans in Ryne Sandberg, Rick Sutcliffe and Andre Dawson, who were boosted by a crop of youngsters such as Mark Grace, Shawon Dunston, Greg Maddux, Rookie of the Year Jerome Walton, and Rookie of the Yea... | What year was the first full season with night baseball at Wrigley Field? | {
"text": [
"1989"
],
"answer_start": [
3
]
} |
56dde8e466d3e219004dade3 | Canadian_Armed_Forces | Battles which are particularly notable to the Canadian military include the Battle of Vimy Ridge, the Dieppe Raid, the Battle of Ortona, the Battle of Passchendaele, the Normandy Landings, the Battle for Caen, the Battle of the Scheldt, the Battle of Britain, the Battle of the Atlantic, the strategic bombing of German ... | What country was the latest Canadian Military effort? | {
"text": [
"Croatia"
],
"answer_start": [
377
]
} |
5730953e8ab72b1400f9c5c8 | Greeks | Greek art has a long and varied history. Greeks have contributed to the visual, literary and performing arts. In the West, ancient Greek art was influential in shaping the Roman and later the modern western artistic heritage. Following the Renaissance in Europe, the humanist aesthetic and the high technical standards o... | What input did the Greeks have on artistry of the world ? | {
"text": [
"visual, literary and performing arts."
],
"answer_start": [
72
]
} |
57287f113acd2414000dfa4b | Myanmar | The Rohingya people have consistently faced human rights abuses by the Burmese regime that has refused to acknowledge them as Burmese citizens (despite some of them having lived in Burma for over three generations)—the Rohingya have been denied Burmese citizenship since the enactment of a 1982 citizenship law. The law ... | How many of the Rohingya people have new changes in citizenship caused to become refugees ? | {
"text": [
"expulsion of approximately half of the 800,000 Rohingya from Burma,"
],
"answer_start": [
1258
]
} |
57060fde52bb891400689837 | The_Times | The Times occasionally makes endorsements for foreign elections. In November 2012, it endorsed a second term for Barack Obama although it also expressed reservations about his foreign policy. | Who did The Times support in 2012 for the election of the U.S. president? | {
"text": [
"Barack Obama"
],
"answer_start": [
113
]
} |
57251b2c0a492a1900435704 | Freemasonry | The idea of Masonic brotherhood probably descends from a 16th-century legal definition of a brother as one who has taken an oath of mutual support to another. Accordingly, Masons swear at each degree to keep the contents of that degree secret, and to support and protect their brethren unless they have broken the law. I... | In what branch can books, other than scripture, be used for the purpose of oath taking? | {
"text": [
"Progressive continental Freemasonry"
],
"answer_start": [
551
]
} |
56d666041c850414009470f3 | 2008_Sichuan_earthquake | Following the earthquake, donations were made by people from all over mainland China, with booths set up in schools, at banks, and around gas stations. People also donated blood, resulting in according to Xinhua long line-ups in most major Chinese cities. Many donated through text messaging on mobile phones to accounts... | What were the Chinese setting up to take in donations? | {
"text": [
"booths"
],
"answer_start": [
91
]
} |
572f5af4947a6a140053c8b7 | The_Blitz | In 1936, Wever was killed in an air crash. The failure to implement his vision for the new Luftwaffe was largely attributable to his immediate successors. Ex-Army personnel Albert Kesselring and Hans-Jürgen Stumpff are usually blamed for the turning away from strategic planning and focusing on close air support. Howeve... | What two men were the most important in ground support? | {
"text": [
"Hugo Sperrle and Hans Jeschonnek"
],
"answer_start": [
450
]
} |
570dcc300b85d914000d7b66 | Adolescence | Until mid-to-late adolescence, boys and girls show relatively little difference in drinking motives. Distinctions between the reasons for alcohol consumption of males and females begin to emerge around ages 14–15; overall, boys tend to view drinking in a more social light than girls, who report on average a more freque... | Does age bring a greater or smaller desire to drink for pleasure rather than coping? | {
"text": [
"greater"
],
"answer_start": [
517
]
} |
57266614f1498d1400e8de60 | East_India_Company | At this time, Britain and France became bitter rivals. Frequent skirmishes between them took place for control of colonial possessions. In 1742, fearing the monetary consequences of a war, the British government agreed to extend the deadline for the licensed exclusive trade by the company in India until 1783, in return... | What was the name of the war that lasted from 1756 to 1763? | {
"text": [
"Seven Years' War"
],
"answer_start": [
382
]
} |
5727d0143acd2414000ded02 | Northwestern_University | Under Walter Dill Scott's presidency from 1920 to 1939, Northwestern began construction of an integrated campus in Chicago designed by James Gamble Rogers to house the professional schools; established the Kellogg School of Management; and built several prominent buildings on the Evanston campus, Dyche Stadium (now nam... | What was Northwestern one of the first six universities in the U.S. to establish in the 1920's? | {
"text": [
"a Naval Reserve Officers Training Corps (NROTC)"
],
"answer_start": [
555
]
} |
572aaf0ff75d5e190021fc32 | John_Kerry | After returning to the United States, Kerry joined the Vietnam Veterans Against the War (VVAW). Then numbering about 20,000, VVAW was considered by some (including the administration of President Richard Nixon) to be an effective, if controversial, component of the antiwar movement. Kerry participated in the "Winter So... | Who was Melvin Laird? | {
"text": [
"Nixon Secretary of Defense"
],
"answer_start": [
475
]
} |
56df875256340a1900b29d04 | Alexander_Graham_Bell | In the following year, Bell became professor of Vocal Physiology and Elocution at the Boston University School of Oratory. During this period, he alternated between Boston and Brantford, spending summers in his Canadian home. At Boston University, Bell was "swept up" by the excitement engendered by the many scientists ... | In what year did Bell start to focus on research into sound? | {
"text": [
"1873"
],
"answer_start": [
1119
]
} |
56bfa3cca10cfb14005511f1 | Beyoncé | Beyoncé embarked on The Mrs. Carter Show World Tour on April 15 in Belgrade, Serbia; the tour included 132 dates that ran through to March 2014. It became the most successful tour of her career and one of the most-successful tours of all time. In May, Beyoncé's cover of Amy Winehouse's "Back to Black" with André 3000 o... | What song did Beyonce record for the film Epic? | {
"text": [
"Rise Up"
],
"answer_start": [
560
]
} |
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