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text_id stringlengths 22 22 | page_url stringlengths 31 389 | page_title stringlengths 1 250 | section_title stringlengths 0 4.67k | context_page_description stringlengths 0 108k | context_section_description stringlengths 1 187k | media list | hierachy list | category list |
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projected-71476688-006 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/After%20Like%20%28song%29 | After Like (song) | Credits and personnel | "After Like" is a song recorded by South Korean girl group Ive for their third single album of the same name. It was released as the single album's lead single by Starship Entertainment on August 22, 2022. | Credits adapted from Melon.
Ive – vocals
Ive (Rei) – lyrics (rap)
Seo Ji-eum – lyrics
Mommy Son – lyrics (rap)
Ryan S. Jhun – composition, arrangement
Anders Nilsen – composition, arrangement
– composition
Iselin Solheim – composition
Avin – arrangement
Slay – arrangement | [] | [
"Credits and personnel"
] | [
"Ive songs",
"2022 singles",
"2022 songs",
"Gaon Digital Chart number-one singles",
"Korean-language songs",
"Starship Entertainment singles",
"Songs written by Ryan S. Jhun"
] |
projected-71476688-012 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/After%20Like%20%28song%29 | After Like (song) | See also | "After Like" is a song recorded by South Korean girl group Ive for their third single album of the same name. It was released as the single album's lead single by Starship Entertainment on August 22, 2022. | List of Circle Digital Chart number ones of 2022
List of Inkigayo Chart winners (2022)
List of M Countdown Chart winners (2022)
List of Music Bank Chart winners (2022)
List of Show Champion Chart winners (2022)
List of Show! Music Core Chart winners (2022)
List of The Show Chart winners (2022) | [] | [
"See also"
] | [
"Ive songs",
"2022 singles",
"2022 songs",
"Gaon Digital Chart number-one singles",
"Korean-language songs",
"Starship Entertainment singles",
"Songs written by Ryan S. Jhun"
] |
projected-71476688-013 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/After%20Like%20%28song%29 | After Like (song) | References | "After Like" is a song recorded by South Korean girl group Ive for their third single album of the same name. It was released as the single album's lead single by Starship Entertainment on August 22, 2022. | Category:Ive songs
Category:2022 singles
Category:2022 songs
Category:Gaon Digital Chart number-one singles
Category:Korean-language songs
Category:Starship Entertainment singles
Category:Songs written by Ryan S. Jhun | [] | [
"References"
] | [
"Ive songs",
"2022 singles",
"2022 songs",
"Gaon Digital Chart number-one singles",
"Korean-language songs",
"Starship Entertainment singles",
"Songs written by Ryan S. Jhun"
] |
projected-71476696-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Modern%20Wives | Modern Wives | Introduction | Modern Wives (Swedish: Modärna fruar) is a 1932 Swedish drama film directed by Edvin Adolphson and starring Ivar Kåge, Margit Manstad and Elsa Carlsson. It was shot at the Valby Studios of Nordisk Film in Copenhagen. The film's sets were designed by the art director Christian Hansen. | [
"Modern Wives.jpg"
] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"1932 films",
"Swedish drama films",
"1932 drama films",
"1930s Swedish-language films",
"Films directed by Edvin Adolphson",
"Swedish black-and-white films",
"Films set in Stockholm",
"1930s Swedish films"
] | |
projected-71476696-001 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Modern%20Wives | Modern Wives | Synopsis | Modern Wives (Swedish: Modärna fruar) is a 1932 Swedish drama film directed by Edvin Adolphson and starring Ivar Kåge, Margit Manstad and Elsa Carlsson. It was shot at the Valby Studios of Nordisk Film in Copenhagen. The film's sets were designed by the art director Christian Hansen. | Lola, the wife of Stockholm architect Georg Wall, returns to their apartment one day and announces she wants a divorce. | [] | [
"Synopsis"
] | [
"1932 films",
"Swedish drama films",
"1932 drama films",
"1930s Swedish-language films",
"Films directed by Edvin Adolphson",
"Swedish black-and-white films",
"Films set in Stockholm",
"1930s Swedish films"
] |
projected-71476696-002 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Modern%20Wives | Modern Wives | Cast | Modern Wives (Swedish: Modärna fruar) is a 1932 Swedish drama film directed by Edvin Adolphson and starring Ivar Kåge, Margit Manstad and Elsa Carlsson. It was shot at the Valby Studios of Nordisk Film in Copenhagen. The film's sets were designed by the art director Christian Hansen. | Ivar Kåge as Georg Wall
Margit Manstad as Lola Wall
Edvin Adolphson as Tallén
Elsa Carlsson as Ebba Tallén
Olof Winnerstrand as Acke
Oscar Byström as Wall Sr.
Constance Byström as Mrs. Ekberg
Einar Beyron as Refrängsångare
Eivor Engelbrektsson as Ung dam
Disa Gillis as Ung dam
Ollars-Erik Landberg as Rockvaktmästare
Otto Lington as Orkesterledare
Tekla Sjöblom as Clara | [] | [
"Cast"
] | [
"1932 films",
"Swedish drama films",
"1932 drama films",
"1930s Swedish-language films",
"Films directed by Edvin Adolphson",
"Swedish black-and-white films",
"Films set in Stockholm",
"1930s Swedish films"
] |
projected-71476696-004 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Modern%20Wives | Modern Wives | Bibliography | Modern Wives (Swedish: Modärna fruar) is a 1932 Swedish drama film directed by Edvin Adolphson and starring Ivar Kåge, Margit Manstad and Elsa Carlsson. It was shot at the Valby Studios of Nordisk Film in Copenhagen. The film's sets were designed by the art director Christian Hansen. | Freiburg, Jeanne Ellen. Regulatory Bodies: Gendered Visions of the State in German and Swedish Cinema. University of Minnesota, 1994. | [] | [
"Bibliography"
] | [
"1932 films",
"Swedish drama films",
"1932 drama films",
"1930s Swedish-language films",
"Films directed by Edvin Adolphson",
"Swedish black-and-white films",
"Films set in Stockholm",
"1930s Swedish films"
] |
projected-71476715-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James%20Wilcox | James Wilcox | Introduction | James Wilcox may refer to:
* James Wilcox (actor), American actor; see The Peacock Fan
James Wilcox (novelist) (born 1949), American novelist and professor
James A. Wilcox (born 1952), American economist and professor
James D. Wilcox, American film editor and director
J. Mark Wilcox (James Mark Wilcox; 1890–1956), U.S. Representative from Florida | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [] | |
projected-26724003-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solid-state%20dye%20laser | Solid-state dye laser | Introduction | Solid-state dye lasers (SSDL) were introduced in 1967 by Soffer and McFarland. In these solid-state lasers, the gain medium is a laser dye-doped organic matrix such as poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA), rather than a liquid solution of the dye. An example is rhodamine 6G-doped PMMA. These lasers are also referred to as solid-state organic lasers and solid-state dye-doped polymer lasers. | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"Solid-state lasers"
] | |
projected-26724003-001 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solid-state%20dye%20laser | Solid-state dye laser | Organic gain media | Solid-state dye lasers (SSDL) were introduced in 1967 by Soffer and McFarland. In these solid-state lasers, the gain medium is a laser dye-doped organic matrix such as poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA), rather than a liquid solution of the dye. An example is rhodamine 6G-doped PMMA. These lasers are also referred to as solid-state organic lasers and solid-state dye-doped polymer lasers. | In the 1990s, new forms of improved PMMA, such as modified PMMA, with high optical quality characteristics were introduced. Gain media research for SSDL has been rather active in the 21st century, and various new dye-doped solid-state organic matrices have been discovered. Notable among these new gain media are organic-inorganic dye-doped polymer-nanoparticle composites. An additional form of organic-inorganic dye-doped solid-state laser gain media are the ORMOSILs. | [] | [
"Organic gain media"
] | [
"Solid-state lasers"
] |
projected-26724003-002 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solid-state%20dye%20laser | Solid-state dye laser | High performance solid-state dye laser oscillators | Solid-state dye lasers (SSDL) were introduced in 1967 by Soffer and McFarland. In these solid-state lasers, the gain medium is a laser dye-doped organic matrix such as poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA), rather than a liquid solution of the dye. An example is rhodamine 6G-doped PMMA. These lasers are also referred to as solid-state organic lasers and solid-state dye-doped polymer lasers. | This improved gain medium was central to the demonstration of the first tunable narrow-linewidth solid-state dye laser oscillators, by Duarte, which were later optimized to deliver pulse emission in the kW regime in nearly diffraction limited beams with single-longitudinal-mode laser linewidths of ≈ 350 MHz (or ≈ 0.0004 nm, at a laser wavelength of 590 nm). These tunable laser oscillators use multiple-prism grating architectures yielding very high intracavity dispersions that can be nicely quantified using the multiple-prism grating equations. | [] | [
"High performance solid-state dye laser oscillators"
] | [
"Solid-state lasers"
] |
projected-26724003-003 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solid-state%20dye%20laser | Solid-state dye laser | Distributed feedback and waveguide solid-state dye lasers | Solid-state dye lasers (SSDL) were introduced in 1967 by Soffer and McFarland. In these solid-state lasers, the gain medium is a laser dye-doped organic matrix such as poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA), rather than a liquid solution of the dye. An example is rhodamine 6G-doped PMMA. These lasers are also referred to as solid-state organic lasers and solid-state dye-doped polymer lasers. | Additional developments in solid-state dye lasers were demonstrated with the introduction of distributed feedback laser designs in 1999 and distributed feedback waveguides in 2002. | [] | [
"Distributed feedback and waveguide solid-state dye lasers"
] | [
"Solid-state lasers"
] |
projected-26724003-004 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solid-state%20dye%20laser | Solid-state dye laser | See also | Solid-state dye lasers (SSDL) were introduced in 1967 by Soffer and McFarland. In these solid-state lasers, the gain medium is a laser dye-doped organic matrix such as poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA), rather than a liquid solution of the dye. An example is rhodamine 6G-doped PMMA. These lasers are also referred to as solid-state organic lasers and solid-state dye-doped polymer lasers. | Dye lasers
Laser dyes
Laser linewidth
Organic laser
Organic photonics
Polymer
Tunable lasers
Multiple-prism grating laser oscillator | [] | [
"See also"
] | [
"Solid-state lasers"
] |
projected-26724003-005 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solid-state%20dye%20laser | Solid-state dye laser | References | Solid-state dye lasers (SSDL) were introduced in 1967 by Soffer and McFarland. In these solid-state lasers, the gain medium is a laser dye-doped organic matrix such as poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA), rather than a liquid solution of the dye. An example is rhodamine 6G-doped PMMA. These lasers are also referred to as solid-state organic lasers and solid-state dye-doped polymer lasers. | Category:Solid-state lasers | [] | [
"References"
] | [
"Solid-state lasers"
] |
projected-26724004-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Officer%27s%20Quarters | Officer's Quarters | Introduction | Officer's Quarters may refer to:
Officers Quarters, Washington Navy Yard, listed on the National Register of Historic Places in Washington, D.C.
Officer's Quarters (Tucson, Arizona), listed on the National Register of Historic Places in Pima County, Arizona
Officer's Quarters (Fort Gibson, Oklahoma), listed on the National Register of Historic Places in Muskogee County, Oklahoma | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [] | |
projected-26724006-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conasprella%20arcuata | Conasprella arcuata | Introduction | Conasprella arcuata, common name the arched cone, is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Conidae, the cone snails and their allies.
Like all species within the genus Conus, these cone snails are predatory and venomous. They are capable of "stinging" humans, therefore live ones should be handled carefully or not at all. | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"Conasprella",
"Gastropods described in 1829"
] | |
projected-26724006-001 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conasprella%20arcuata | Conasprella arcuata | Description | Conasprella arcuata, common name the arched cone, is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Conidae, the cone snails and their allies.
Like all species within the genus Conus, these cone snails are predatory and venomous. They are capable of "stinging" humans, therefore live ones should be handled carefully or not at all. | The size of the shell varies between 35 mm and 60 mm. | [] | [
"Description"
] | [
"Conasprella",
"Gastropods described in 1829"
] |
projected-26724006-002 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conasprella%20arcuata | Conasprella arcuata | Distribution | Conasprella arcuata, common name the arched cone, is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Conidae, the cone snails and their allies.
Like all species within the genus Conus, these cone snails are predatory and venomous. They are capable of "stinging" humans, therefore live ones should be handled carefully or not at all. | This marine species occurs in the Gulf of California, and in the Pacific Ocean from Mexico to Peru. Type locality near Mazatlán, Sinaloa, Mexico. | [] | [
"Distribution"
] | [
"Conasprella",
"Gastropods described in 1829"
] |
projected-26724006-003 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conasprella%20arcuata | Conasprella arcuata | References | Conasprella arcuata, common name the arched cone, is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Conidae, the cone snails and their allies.
Like all species within the genus Conus, these cone snails are predatory and venomous. They are capable of "stinging" humans, therefore live ones should be handled carefully or not at all. | Broderip W. J. & Sowerby G. B. (1829). Observations on new or interesting mollusca contained, for the most part, in the Museum of the Zoological Society. Zoological Journal, 4: 359–379, pl. 9
Puillandre N., Duda T.F., Meyer C., Olivera B.M. & Bouchet P. (2015). One, four or 100 genera? A new classification of the cone snails. Journal of Molluscan Studies. 81: 1–23 | [] | [
"References"
] | [
"Conasprella",
"Gastropods described in 1829"
] |
projected-26724008-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conus%20ardisiaceus | Conus ardisiaceus | Introduction | Conus ardisiaceus is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Conidae, the cone snails and their allies.
Like all species within the genus Conus, these snails are predatory and venomous. They are capable of "stinging" humans, therefore live ones should be handled carefully or not at all. | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"Conus",
"Gastropods described in 1845"
] | |
projected-26724008-001 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conus%20ardisiaceus | Conus ardisiaceus | Description | Conus ardisiaceus is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Conidae, the cone snails and their allies.
Like all species within the genus Conus, these snails are predatory and venomous. They are capable of "stinging" humans, therefore live ones should be handled carefully or not at all. | The size of the shell varies between 24 mm and 55 mm. | [] | [
"Description"
] | [
"Conus",
"Gastropods described in 1845"
] |
projected-26724008-002 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conus%20ardisiaceus | Conus ardisiaceus | Distribution | Conus ardisiaceus is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Conidae, the cone snails and their allies.
Like all species within the genus Conus, these snails are predatory and venomous. They are capable of "stinging" humans, therefore live ones should be handled carefully or not at all. | This marine species occurs off Muscat and Oman. | [] | [
"Distribution"
] | [
"Conus",
"Gastropods described in 1845"
] |
projected-26724008-003 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conus%20ardisiaceus | Conus ardisiaceus | References | Conus ardisiaceus is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Conidae, the cone snails and their allies.
Like all species within the genus Conus, these snails are predatory and venomous. They are capable of "stinging" humans, therefore live ones should be handled carefully or not at all. | Kiener L.C. 1844–1850. Spécies général et iconographie des coquilles vivantes. Vol. 2. Famille des Enroulées. Genre Cone (Conus, Lam.), pp. 1–379, pl. 1-111 [pp. 1–48 (1846); 49–160 (1847); 161–192 (1848); 193–240 (1849); 241-[379](assumed to be 1850); plates 4,6 (1844); 2–3, 5, 7–32, 34–36, 38, 40–50 (1845); 33, 37, 39, 51–52, 54–56, 57–68, 74–77 (1846); 1, 69–73, 78–103 (1847); 104–106 (1848); 107 (1849); 108–111 (1850)]. Paris, Rousseau & J.B. Baillière
Puillandre N., Duda T.F., Meyer C., Olivera B.M. & Bouchet P. (2015). One, four or 100 genera? A new classification of the cone snails. Journal of Molluscan Studies. 81: 1–23 | [] | [
"References"
] | [
"Conus",
"Gastropods described in 1845"
] |
projected-44500262-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Environmentalist%20Foundation%20of%20India | Environmentalist Foundation of India | Introduction | The Environmentalist Foundation of India (E.F.I) is an environmental conservation group based out of Chennai, Hyderabad, Puducherry, Bangalore, Trivandrum, Mumbai, Delhi, Kolkata and Coimbatore which focuses on wildlife conservation and habitat restoration. Started in 2007 and registered in 2011, the organisation is known for its work in cleaning and scientific restoration of lakes in India for biodiversity. The organisation and its efforts grew from one pond in Chennai to include over 167 water bodies in Andhra Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Delhi, Gujarat, Jammu & Kashmir, Karnataka, Kerala, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Odisha, Puducherry, Rajasthan, Tamil Nadu, Telangana, Uttar Pradesh and West Bengal in the last 14 years (2007 to 2021). | [
"Efi-logo.png"
] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"Non-profit organisations based in India",
"Environmental organisations based in India"
] | |
projected-44500262-001 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Environmentalist%20Foundation%20of%20India | Environmentalist Foundation of India | Activities | The Environmentalist Foundation of India (E.F.I) is an environmental conservation group based out of Chennai, Hyderabad, Puducherry, Bangalore, Trivandrum, Mumbai, Delhi, Kolkata and Coimbatore which focuses on wildlife conservation and habitat restoration. Started in 2007 and registered in 2011, the organisation is known for its work in cleaning and scientific restoration of lakes in India for biodiversity. The organisation and its efforts grew from one pond in Chennai to include over 167 water bodies in Andhra Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Delhi, Gujarat, Jammu & Kashmir, Karnataka, Kerala, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Odisha, Puducherry, Rajasthan, Tamil Nadu, Telangana, Uttar Pradesh and West Bengal in the last 14 years (2007 to 2021). | E.F.I focuses on restoration of lakes, flora, care of stray animals and a village development programme. Most of the organisation's work is carried out through volunteer support. E.F.I organises lake clean ups every Sunday and as of 2014 had cleaned 39 lakes across India. This includes Madambakkam, Keezhkattalai, Narayanapuram, Karasangal and Arasankazhani lakes in Chennai; the Selvachintamani Kulam in Coimbatore; and the Kapra, Alwal, Gurunadham Cheruvu lakes in Hyderabad.
In the cases of Arasankazhani lake and the Selvachintamani Kulam, the projects were executed through public funding in the first and government support for the second. The lakes now have "G" shaped central islands for the birds to nest and fish to spawn. These geometric central islands are a first of its kind, with wind barrier capabilities and roosting facilities. The lakes also have percolation trenches and parallel bunds which ensure water retention and trapping of garbage.
E.F.I is also involved in the setting up of herbal biodiversity gardens at schools and special interest zones. The idea behind the herbal gardens are to increase people's interest in green cover and live healthy with native Indian herbs. E.F.I's "Clean for Olive Green" is a beach clean up project that is organised every year in the months of December to May to keep Chennai's beaches clean for the nesting Sea Turtle Mothers.
E.F.I is active in Chennai, Hyderabad, Coimbatore, Delhi, Srinagar and Thiruvananthapuram. The organisation is known for cleaning the beach stretch between Veli and Vizhinjiam in Thiruvananthapuram part of the Beach Habitat Restoration.
Ramanujar Pond Restoration in Kanchipuram. An ancient waterbody, located in front of the Sri Ramanujar Sannadhi at Sevilimedu in Kancheepuram taluk, was revived by the Environmentalist Foundation of India (E.F.I). The work coincided with the 1,000th birth anniversary of Sri Ramanuja. | [] | [
"Activities"
] | [
"Non-profit organisations based in India",
"Environmental organisations based in India"
] |
projected-44500262-002 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Environmentalist%20Foundation%20of%20India | Environmentalist Foundation of India | Narendra Modi- Xi Jinping summit and E.F.I Lake Restoration | The Environmentalist Foundation of India (E.F.I) is an environmental conservation group based out of Chennai, Hyderabad, Puducherry, Bangalore, Trivandrum, Mumbai, Delhi, Kolkata and Coimbatore which focuses on wildlife conservation and habitat restoration. Started in 2007 and registered in 2011, the organisation is known for its work in cleaning and scientific restoration of lakes in India for biodiversity. The organisation and its efforts grew from one pond in Chennai to include over 167 water bodies in Andhra Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Delhi, Gujarat, Jammu & Kashmir, Karnataka, Kerala, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Odisha, Puducherry, Rajasthan, Tamil Nadu, Telangana, Uttar Pradesh and West Bengal in the last 14 years (2007 to 2021). | To commemorate the historic Indo-China summit 2019 at Mamallapuram, E.F.I took on the task of reviving the Konneri Tank. A lake adjacent to the monuments in the UNESCO World Heritage town. The tank named so owing to its shape of a sitting cow was restored in time for the summit. Deepening of the water body, clearing invasive weeds, planting native saplings, establishing 'G' shaped nesting islands were all part of the restoration effort. | [] | [
"Narendra Modi- Xi Jinping summit and E.F.I Lake Restoration"
] | [
"Non-profit organisations based in India",
"Environmental organisations based in India"
] |
projected-44500262-003 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Environmentalist%20Foundation%20of%20India | Environmentalist Foundation of India | EFI Chidambaram | The Environmentalist Foundation of India (E.F.I) is an environmental conservation group based out of Chennai, Hyderabad, Puducherry, Bangalore, Trivandrum, Mumbai, Delhi, Kolkata and Coimbatore which focuses on wildlife conservation and habitat restoration. Started in 2007 and registered in 2011, the organisation is known for its work in cleaning and scientific restoration of lakes in India for biodiversity. The organisation and its efforts grew from one pond in Chennai to include over 167 water bodies in Andhra Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Delhi, Gujarat, Jammu & Kashmir, Karnataka, Kerala, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Odisha, Puducherry, Rajasthan, Tamil Nadu, Telangana, Uttar Pradesh and West Bengal in the last 14 years (2007 to 2021). | With the administrative support from the then District Sub Collector Mr. Vishu Mahajan IAS, E.F.I signed an MOU with administration to revive 9 water bodies in the temple town of Chidambaram over 2 years. These include the historic Omakulam, Nagachery kulam, Gnanaprakasam pond, Ayee Kulam and other water bodies such as Thatchan Kulam, Periya Anna Kulam, Chinna Anna Kulam, Kumaran Kulam, Palaman Kulam. As of 2020 October work was completed in the first four and the remaining 5 to be worked on in 2021. This effort was further supported by Mr. Madhu Balan IAS who took over from Mr. Vishu. Active participation from community volunteers strengthened this effort by E.F.I. | [] | [
"EFI Chidambaram"
] | [
"Non-profit organisations based in India",
"Environmental organisations based in India"
] |
projected-44500262-004 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Environmentalist%20Foundation%20of%20India | Environmentalist Foundation of India | EFI Trivandrum | The Environmentalist Foundation of India (E.F.I) is an environmental conservation group based out of Chennai, Hyderabad, Puducherry, Bangalore, Trivandrum, Mumbai, Delhi, Kolkata and Coimbatore which focuses on wildlife conservation and habitat restoration. Started in 2007 and registered in 2011, the organisation is known for its work in cleaning and scientific restoration of lakes in India for biodiversity. The organisation and its efforts grew from one pond in Chennai to include over 167 water bodies in Andhra Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Delhi, Gujarat, Jammu & Kashmir, Karnataka, Kerala, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Odisha, Puducherry, Rajasthan, Tamil Nadu, Telangana, Uttar Pradesh and West Bengal in the last 14 years (2007 to 2021). | Environmentalist Foundation of India started operations in Trivandrum by cleaning the Veli lake front. The efforts extended to cleaning of the Karimadom Colony pond. The organization is working towards the eco-restoration of the pond located in the heart of Trivandrum. In addition to this the organization runs awareness drives around the Thettiyaar, Parvathy Puthanar and Aakulam water reserves. These are done through Lake Safaris and other EFI outreach programs. | [] | [
"EFI Trivandrum"
] | [
"Non-profit organisations based in India",
"Environmental organisations based in India"
] |
projected-44500262-005 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Environmentalist%20Foundation%20of%20India | Environmentalist Foundation of India | E.F.I Hyderabad | The Environmentalist Foundation of India (E.F.I) is an environmental conservation group based out of Chennai, Hyderabad, Puducherry, Bangalore, Trivandrum, Mumbai, Delhi, Kolkata and Coimbatore which focuses on wildlife conservation and habitat restoration. Started in 2007 and registered in 2011, the organisation is known for its work in cleaning and scientific restoration of lakes in India for biodiversity. The organisation and its efforts grew from one pond in Chennai to include over 167 water bodies in Andhra Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Delhi, Gujarat, Jammu & Kashmir, Karnataka, Kerala, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Odisha, Puducherry, Rajasthan, Tamil Nadu, Telangana, Uttar Pradesh and West Bengal in the last 14 years (2007 to 2021). | E.F.I volunteers at 9 lakes across Hyderabad. This includes the Kapra Lake, Madinaguda Lake, Gangaram Cheruvu, Gurunadham Cheruvu, Alwal lake and others. Several volunteers come together over the weekends to voluntarily clean up the lakes of physical garbage. | [] | [
"E.F.I Hyderabad"
] | [
"Non-profit organisations based in India",
"Environmental organisations based in India"
] |
projected-44500262-006 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Environmentalist%20Foundation%20of%20India | Environmentalist Foundation of India | E.F.I Bangalore | The Environmentalist Foundation of India (E.F.I) is an environmental conservation group based out of Chennai, Hyderabad, Puducherry, Bangalore, Trivandrum, Mumbai, Delhi, Kolkata and Coimbatore which focuses on wildlife conservation and habitat restoration. Started in 2007 and registered in 2011, the organisation is known for its work in cleaning and scientific restoration of lakes in India for biodiversity. The organisation and its efforts grew from one pond in Chennai to include over 167 water bodies in Andhra Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Delhi, Gujarat, Jammu & Kashmir, Karnataka, Kerala, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Odisha, Puducherry, Rajasthan, Tamil Nadu, Telangana, Uttar Pradesh and West Bengal in the last 14 years (2007 to 2021). | E.F.I volunteers removed close to 3 tonnes of garbage from the Hebbal lake on the 18th of June. Several like minded citizens continue to volunteer over the weekend to clean up the Hebbal Lake. Efforts are also on to volunteer for lakes in South and North East Bangalore. | [] | [
"E.F.I Bangalore"
] | [
"Non-profit organisations based in India",
"Environmental organisations based in India"
] |
projected-44500262-007 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Environmentalist%20Foundation%20of%20India | Environmentalist Foundation of India | E.F.I Coimbatore | The Environmentalist Foundation of India (E.F.I) is an environmental conservation group based out of Chennai, Hyderabad, Puducherry, Bangalore, Trivandrum, Mumbai, Delhi, Kolkata and Coimbatore which focuses on wildlife conservation and habitat restoration. Started in 2007 and registered in 2011, the organisation is known for its work in cleaning and scientific restoration of lakes in India for biodiversity. The organisation and its efforts grew from one pond in Chennai to include over 167 water bodies in Andhra Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Delhi, Gujarat, Jammu & Kashmir, Karnataka, Kerala, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Odisha, Puducherry, Rajasthan, Tamil Nadu, Telangana, Uttar Pradesh and West Bengal in the last 14 years (2007 to 2021). | E.F.I volunteers across several lakes in Coimbatore ranging from the Selvachintamani Kulam, Kumarasamy Kulam and others. The organization has a dedicated rural program covering areas of Thondamuthur, Karamadai and Madukkarai. E.F.I recruits volunteers through several school programs and students actively participate in supporting E.F.I's efforts. E.F.I released a documentary titled 'Coimbatore's Last Drop' in 2017. Aimed at increasing public awareness on water conservation. E.F.I also organizes regular Lake Safaris in Coimbatore to sensitize the public on the depleting state of lakes in the city.
In 2021, the organization had taken on the restoration of four water bodies close to the Kalapatti region in Coimbatore, namely the Kaliaperumal Koil Kulam, Kalam Park Kuttai, Kalapatti Lake and the Thottipalayam Lake. The restorations were inaugurated and flagged off by the Coimbatore Collector Thiru Sameeran GS IAS and Coimbatoe Municipal Corporation Commissioner Thiru Raja Gopal Sunakara IAS on September 1, 2021. | [] | [
"E.F.I Coimbatore"
] | [
"Non-profit organisations based in India",
"Environmental organisations based in India"
] |
projected-44500262-008 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Environmentalist%20Foundation%20of%20India | Environmentalist Foundation of India | E.F.I Chennai | The Environmentalist Foundation of India (E.F.I) is an environmental conservation group based out of Chennai, Hyderabad, Puducherry, Bangalore, Trivandrum, Mumbai, Delhi, Kolkata and Coimbatore which focuses on wildlife conservation and habitat restoration. Started in 2007 and registered in 2011, the organisation is known for its work in cleaning and scientific restoration of lakes in India for biodiversity. The organisation and its efforts grew from one pond in Chennai to include over 167 water bodies in Andhra Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Delhi, Gujarat, Jammu & Kashmir, Karnataka, Kerala, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Odisha, Puducherry, Rajasthan, Tamil Nadu, Telangana, Uttar Pradesh and West Bengal in the last 14 years (2007 to 2021). | The Environmentalist Foundation of India's weekend voluntary clean ups are a regular in lakes such as Keezhkattalai, Madambakkam, Tiruneermalai, Adambakkam, Perumbakkam, Sithalapakkam, Mudichur lakes. These clean ups see several volunteers such as students, working class and senior citizen participating.
An eco-park named Kanagam was established in Anna Nagar to ensure sustainability and move away from the idea of ecologically damaging construction in any way. The project is being executed in collaboration with the Government of Tamil Nadu and the Greater Chennai Corporation under the Namakku Naame scheme. | [] | [
"E.F.I Chennai"
] | [
"Non-profit organisations based in India",
"Environmental organisations based in India"
] |
projected-44500262-009 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Environmentalist%20Foundation%20of%20India | Environmentalist Foundation of India | 2016 lake restorations in Chennai | The Environmentalist Foundation of India (E.F.I) is an environmental conservation group based out of Chennai, Hyderabad, Puducherry, Bangalore, Trivandrum, Mumbai, Delhi, Kolkata and Coimbatore which focuses on wildlife conservation and habitat restoration. Started in 2007 and registered in 2011, the organisation is known for its work in cleaning and scientific restoration of lakes in India for biodiversity. The organisation and its efforts grew from one pond in Chennai to include over 167 water bodies in Andhra Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Delhi, Gujarat, Jammu & Kashmir, Karnataka, Kerala, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Odisha, Puducherry, Rajasthan, Tamil Nadu, Telangana, Uttar Pradesh and West Bengal in the last 14 years (2007 to 2021). | Post the 2015 floods, E.F.I's role in mobilizing volunteers and restoring freshwater bodies in Chennai became furthermore important. Immediately post the monsoons, the organization started working on restoration of three ponds within the Perungalathur Town Panchayat. Following which scientific restoration efforts were undertaken at the Arasankazhani Lake, Karasangal Lake, Mudichur Ponds, Karasangal Pond and West Mambalam Pond. | [] | [
"2016 lake restorations in Chennai"
] | [
"Non-profit organisations based in India",
"Environmental organisations based in India"
] |
projected-44500262-010 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Environmentalist%20Foundation%20of%20India | Environmentalist Foundation of India | 2017 lake restorations | The Environmentalist Foundation of India (E.F.I) is an environmental conservation group based out of Chennai, Hyderabad, Puducherry, Bangalore, Trivandrum, Mumbai, Delhi, Kolkata and Coimbatore which focuses on wildlife conservation and habitat restoration. Started in 2007 and registered in 2011, the organisation is known for its work in cleaning and scientific restoration of lakes in India for biodiversity. The organisation and its efforts grew from one pond in Chennai to include over 167 water bodies in Andhra Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Delhi, Gujarat, Jammu & Kashmir, Karnataka, Kerala, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Odisha, Puducherry, Rajasthan, Tamil Nadu, Telangana, Uttar Pradesh and West Bengal in the last 14 years (2007 to 2021). | E.F.I worked on the restoration of 29 water bodies in 2017. This included the restoration of the Thumbikairayen pond near Thondamuthur in the district as part of its water-body rejuvenation initiative.
One pond in Nagapattinam and one in Chellaperumal Nagar at Sriperumbudur in Tamil Nadu were restored by E.F.I with support from the Better India group. The Omakulam at Madhavaram in Chennai was restored by E.F.I in partnership with the Greater Chennai Corporation and Chennai City Connect. Noted Carnatic Singer Smt. Sudhaa Ragunathan through her social group Samudhaaya Foundation supported E.F.I in restoring two ponds at Thiruvaiyaaru in Tamil Nadu E.F.I worked on the restoration of 7 rural ponds in the Tirunelveli district. This included water bodies in Ambasamudram Taluk | [] | [
"2017 lake restorations"
] | [
"Non-profit organisations based in India",
"Environmental organisations based in India"
] |
projected-44500262-011 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Environmentalist%20Foundation%20of%20India | Environmentalist Foundation of India | 2018 lake restoration | The Environmentalist Foundation of India (E.F.I) is an environmental conservation group based out of Chennai, Hyderabad, Puducherry, Bangalore, Trivandrum, Mumbai, Delhi, Kolkata and Coimbatore which focuses on wildlife conservation and habitat restoration. Started in 2007 and registered in 2011, the organisation is known for its work in cleaning and scientific restoration of lakes in India for biodiversity. The organisation and its efforts grew from one pond in Chennai to include over 167 water bodies in Andhra Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Delhi, Gujarat, Jammu & Kashmir, Karnataka, Kerala, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Odisha, Puducherry, Rajasthan, Tamil Nadu, Telangana, Uttar Pradesh and West Bengal in the last 14 years (2007 to 2021). | E.F.I worked on restoring nearly 37 water bodies in the year 2018. This included the Malliankaranai Pond establishment project in Uthiramerur. Following which E.F.I started work on the ecological restoration of the Gerugambakkam Pond in West Chennai. The once garbage filled and weed infested water body was cleaned and restored through E.F.I's community based conservation efforts. Following the Gerugambakkam Pond Restoration E.F.I and the Greater Chennai Corporation got into an agreement to restore nearly 20 different water bodies spread across Chennai. This included the Ramachandra Nagar Pond, Theeyambakkam Pond, Vinayagapuram Pond and others. The organization also took on the scientific restoration of the Sholinganallur Lake located on the arterial IT Corridor of O.M.R in South Chennai.
The Minjur pond restoration in North Chennai, Vinayagapuram pond restoration in North West Chennai near Puzhal Lake were also completed in 2018. Arresting the inflow of sewage, clearing the water bodies of non-degradable trash, construction debris and invasive weeds was part of the eco restoration efforts. These water bodies are today important ground water recharge sites. | [] | [
"2018 lake restoration"
] | [
"Non-profit organisations based in India",
"Environmental organisations based in India"
] |
projected-44500262-012 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Environmentalist%20Foundation%20of%20India | Environmentalist Foundation of India | 2019 lake/pond restorations | The Environmentalist Foundation of India (E.F.I) is an environmental conservation group based out of Chennai, Hyderabad, Puducherry, Bangalore, Trivandrum, Mumbai, Delhi, Kolkata and Coimbatore which focuses on wildlife conservation and habitat restoration. Started in 2007 and registered in 2011, the organisation is known for its work in cleaning and scientific restoration of lakes in India for biodiversity. The organisation and its efforts grew from one pond in Chennai to include over 167 water bodies in Andhra Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Delhi, Gujarat, Jammu & Kashmir, Karnataka, Kerala, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Odisha, Puducherry, Rajasthan, Tamil Nadu, Telangana, Uttar Pradesh and West Bengal in the last 14 years (2007 to 2021). | The year started early and on a positive note for E.F.I with the first restoration project kick starting at Thazhambur in Chennai. The abandoned Thazhambur pond was taken up for ecological restoration and through scientific means. The restoration at Thazhambur received overwhelming public support through active citizen volunteering.
3 Ponds in the Kinathukadavu suburb of Coimbatore were restored by E.F.I between January and March 2019. A total of 7 ponds in the region have been adopted out of which 3 were completed by March. These ponds part of a system are important for local agriculture and drinking water.
The Sam Nagar pond near Manali in North West Chennai was restored by E.F.I in March 2019. The pond located within the burial ground was to be slowly converted into a dumping site, however is now revived and ecologically restored.
Water bodies in the periphery of the Palliakranai Marsh were given priority in 2019 part of E.F.I's efforts. This includes the Mandapam Kuttai, Puliyakeni and Nattar Street ponds of Velachery, the Pillayar Koil Kulam at Pallikaranai, The Nehru Nagar Pond at Karappakam on OMR, the Kannan Kulam and Kattabomman Pond at Thoraipakkam. | [] | [
"2019 lake/pond restorations"
] | [
"Non-profit organisations based in India",
"Environmental organisations based in India"
] |
projected-44500262-013 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Environmentalist%20Foundation%20of%20India | Environmentalist Foundation of India | 2020 Lakes/Pond restorations | The Environmentalist Foundation of India (E.F.I) is an environmental conservation group based out of Chennai, Hyderabad, Puducherry, Bangalore, Trivandrum, Mumbai, Delhi, Kolkata and Coimbatore which focuses on wildlife conservation and habitat restoration. Started in 2007 and registered in 2011, the organisation is known for its work in cleaning and scientific restoration of lakes in India for biodiversity. The organisation and its efforts grew from one pond in Chennai to include over 167 water bodies in Andhra Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Delhi, Gujarat, Jammu & Kashmir, Karnataka, Kerala, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Odisha, Puducherry, Rajasthan, Tamil Nadu, Telangana, Uttar Pradesh and West Bengal in the last 14 years (2007 to 2021). | The entire world was gripped by the COVID Pandemic, this brought to a temporary halt the lake/pond restoration efforts at E.F.I. Big projects such as the 257 acres Madambakkam Lake Restoration The 73 acres Koladi Lake Restoration The Ayapakkam Lake part restoration at Aparna Nagar, The Thirumulaivoyal Pond Restoration, The Mittanamalli Lake Restoration, The Vandalur ORR Lake Restoration, The Nedunkundram Samiyar Pond and Gandhi Road Pond, The Anaikeni Pond Restoration were all completed in Chennai. Aurangabad Shenpunji Lake Restoration, Vijaywada Pedda Cheruvu ,Konai Cheruvu and Vura Cheruvu, Visakapatnam Vura Cheruvu, Hubli Rayanal Kere, Ahmedabad Makarba Lake, Indore Kanadiya Lake, Tuticorin Puthupatti Lake etc were also worked on in 2020 A pan India Lake/pond restoration effort. | [] | [
"2020 Lakes/Pond restorations"
] | [
"Non-profit organisations based in India",
"Environmental organisations based in India"
] |
projected-44500262-014 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Environmentalist%20Foundation%20of%20India | Environmentalist Foundation of India | Revival of tributaries | The Environmentalist Foundation of India (E.F.I) is an environmental conservation group based out of Chennai, Hyderabad, Puducherry, Bangalore, Trivandrum, Mumbai, Delhi, Kolkata and Coimbatore which focuses on wildlife conservation and habitat restoration. Started in 2007 and registered in 2011, the organisation is known for its work in cleaning and scientific restoration of lakes in India for biodiversity. The organisation and its efforts grew from one pond in Chennai to include over 167 water bodies in Andhra Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Delhi, Gujarat, Jammu & Kashmir, Karnataka, Kerala, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Odisha, Puducherry, Rajasthan, Tamil Nadu, Telangana, Uttar Pradesh and West Bengal in the last 14 years (2007 to 2021). | E.F.I worked on the restoration of the Seekana Channel which leads from Mudichur's Seekana Lake to the Adyar River in South West Chennai. The channel which had an overgrowth of weed, garbage dumping and other issues was worked upon over 3 months and completely revived. This included the deepening of the channel, elevating the bunds and regulating the water flow. The restoration of the channel ensured prevention of flooding in areas such as Madhanapuram and Parvathy Nagar of Mudichur. | [] | [
"Revival of tributaries"
] | [
"Non-profit organisations based in India",
"Environmental organisations based in India"
] |
projected-44500262-015 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Environmentalist%20Foundation%20of%20India | Environmentalist Foundation of India | Dal Lake | The Environmentalist Foundation of India (E.F.I) is an environmental conservation group based out of Chennai, Hyderabad, Puducherry, Bangalore, Trivandrum, Mumbai, Delhi, Kolkata and Coimbatore which focuses on wildlife conservation and habitat restoration. Started in 2007 and registered in 2011, the organisation is known for its work in cleaning and scientific restoration of lakes in India for biodiversity. The organisation and its efforts grew from one pond in Chennai to include over 167 water bodies in Andhra Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Delhi, Gujarat, Jammu & Kashmir, Karnataka, Kerala, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Odisha, Puducherry, Rajasthan, Tamil Nadu, Telangana, Uttar Pradesh and West Bengal in the last 14 years (2007 to 2021). | E.F.I in association with a local group called Arastha in Srinagar in Jammu & Kashmir is involved in a multi-phase community based conservation of the Dal Lake. The two year long effort is voluntary with involvement from local citizens, shikaras, houseboat owners and the students in Srinagar. The efforts are aimed at cleaning the Dal Lake and maintaining it as an ecologically sensitive habitat. | [] | [
"Dal Lake"
] | [
"Non-profit organisations based in India",
"Environmental organisations based in India"
] |
projected-44500262-016 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Environmentalist%20Foundation%20of%20India | Environmentalist Foundation of India | Water security mission | The Environmentalist Foundation of India (E.F.I) is an environmental conservation group based out of Chennai, Hyderabad, Puducherry, Bangalore, Trivandrum, Mumbai, Delhi, Kolkata and Coimbatore which focuses on wildlife conservation and habitat restoration. Started in 2007 and registered in 2011, the organisation is known for its work in cleaning and scientific restoration of lakes in India for biodiversity. The organisation and its efforts grew from one pond in Chennai to include over 167 water bodies in Andhra Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Delhi, Gujarat, Jammu & Kashmir, Karnataka, Kerala, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Odisha, Puducherry, Rajasthan, Tamil Nadu, Telangana, Uttar Pradesh and West Bengal in the last 14 years (2007 to 2021). | The Government of Tamil Nadu launched a water security mission in the year 2015. The project is to focus on 15 lakes around Chennai which would be cleaned and scientifically restored. The Chennai Metro water is the nodal agency and Environmentalist Foundation of India is the executing NGO partner. 15 lakes chosen included the Madambakkam, Perumbakkam, Mudichur, Thiruverkadu, Keezhkattalai, Medavakkam, Adambakkam, Arasankazhani, Madipakkam, Puzhithivakkam lakes and more. This is seen as an effort to improve Chennai's water table and conserve these ecological habitats. | [] | [
"Water security mission"
] | [
"Non-profit organisations based in India",
"Environmental organisations based in India"
] |
projected-44500262-017 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Environmentalist%20Foundation%20of%20India | Environmentalist Foundation of India | E.F.I's documentaries on water | The Environmentalist Foundation of India (E.F.I) is an environmental conservation group based out of Chennai, Hyderabad, Puducherry, Bangalore, Trivandrum, Mumbai, Delhi, Kolkata and Coimbatore which focuses on wildlife conservation and habitat restoration. Started in 2007 and registered in 2011, the organisation is known for its work in cleaning and scientific restoration of lakes in India for biodiversity. The organisation and its efforts grew from one pond in Chennai to include over 167 water bodies in Andhra Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Delhi, Gujarat, Jammu & Kashmir, Karnataka, Kerala, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Odisha, Puducherry, Rajasthan, Tamil Nadu, Telangana, Uttar Pradesh and West Bengal in the last 14 years (2007 to 2021). | E.F.I at a regular interval produces environmental documentary films. These films are used for public outreach efforts at schools, colleges, work environments. The organization has made three documentaries "Chennai's Lakes" "Chennai's Rivers" and "Coimbatore's Last Drop". It is working on similar documentaries on Pondicherry's Lakes and Bengaluru's Last Drop. | [] | [
"E.F.I's documentaries on water"
] | [
"Non-profit organisations based in India",
"Environmental organisations based in India"
] |
projected-44500262-018 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Environmentalist%20Foundation%20of%20India | Environmentalist Foundation of India | Lake Savaari | The Environmentalist Foundation of India (E.F.I) is an environmental conservation group based out of Chennai, Hyderabad, Puducherry, Bangalore, Trivandrum, Mumbai, Delhi, Kolkata and Coimbatore which focuses on wildlife conservation and habitat restoration. Started in 2007 and registered in 2011, the organisation is known for its work in cleaning and scientific restoration of lakes in India for biodiversity. The organisation and its efforts grew from one pond in Chennai to include over 167 water bodies in Andhra Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Delhi, Gujarat, Jammu & Kashmir, Karnataka, Kerala, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Odisha, Puducherry, Rajasthan, Tamil Nadu, Telangana, Uttar Pradesh and West Bengal in the last 14 years (2007 to 2021). | In an effort to connect people with environment, Environmentalist Foundation of India is organising a weekly Lake Savaari. Lake Savaari is an ecological safari aimed at increasing public awareness on freshwater habitats in Chennai. The safari is a free guided trip in which participants are taken to six lakes in Chennai where the Geology-Hydrology and Biodiversity are briefly explained. The lake safari is a 3-hour guided tour starting and ending at Thiruvanmiyur covering the Sholinganallur Pond, Arasankazhani Lake, Perumbakkam Lake, Medavakkam Lake and Narayanapuram Lake. E.F.I's lake safari in Coimbatore are scheduled over weekends and is a guided ecological tour with Sanjay Prasad E.F.I's Coimbatore coordinator. | [] | [
"Lake Savaari"
] | [
"Non-profit organisations based in India",
"Environmental organisations based in India"
] |
projected-44500262-019 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Environmentalist%20Foundation%20of%20India | Environmentalist Foundation of India | Cyclakes | The Environmentalist Foundation of India (E.F.I) is an environmental conservation group based out of Chennai, Hyderabad, Puducherry, Bangalore, Trivandrum, Mumbai, Delhi, Kolkata and Coimbatore which focuses on wildlife conservation and habitat restoration. Started in 2007 and registered in 2011, the organisation is known for its work in cleaning and scientific restoration of lakes in India for biodiversity. The organisation and its efforts grew from one pond in Chennai to include over 167 water bodies in Andhra Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Delhi, Gujarat, Jammu & Kashmir, Karnataka, Kerala, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Odisha, Puducherry, Rajasthan, Tamil Nadu, Telangana, Uttar Pradesh and West Bengal in the last 14 years (2007 to 2021). | To enthuse the public on the need for conservation of freshwater bodies, E.F.I has initiated Cyclakes. A campaign aimed at encouraging people to cycle to their neighborhood lakes to learn more about their freshwater bodies. The effort rolled out in Chennai, Bangalore, Coimbatore, Pondicherry and Hyderabad is a weekend activity where participants are taken on a guided ecological tour to series of lakes. Every stopover is one of the city's lakes where stories related to the lakes ecology, revival etc. are shared. | [] | [
"Cyclakes"
] | [
"Non-profit organisations based in India",
"Environmental organisations based in India"
] |
projected-44500262-020 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Environmentalist%20Foundation%20of%20India | Environmentalist Foundation of India | E.F.I's Hydrostan | The Environmentalist Foundation of India (E.F.I) is an environmental conservation group based out of Chennai, Hyderabad, Puducherry, Bangalore, Trivandrum, Mumbai, Delhi, Kolkata and Coimbatore which focuses on wildlife conservation and habitat restoration. Started in 2007 and registered in 2011, the organisation is known for its work in cleaning and scientific restoration of lakes in India for biodiversity. The organisation and its efforts grew from one pond in Chennai to include over 167 water bodies in Andhra Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Delhi, Gujarat, Jammu & Kashmir, Karnataka, Kerala, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Odisha, Puducherry, Rajasthan, Tamil Nadu, Telangana, Uttar Pradesh and West Bengal in the last 14 years (2007 to 2021). | 'Hydrostan' a video series launched by the Environmental Film Association (E.F.A) which is part of E.F.I. Through the series several documentaries on rivers of Tamil Nadu and other inspiring water stories are documented and made available for the general public. Aimed at increasing public awareness on water conservation, the screenings happen every weekend in Chennai and the videos are available on YouTube for public viewing. | [] | [
"E.F.I's Hydrostan"
] | [
"Non-profit organisations based in India",
"Environmental organisations based in India"
] |
projected-44500262-021 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Environmentalist%20Foundation%20of%20India | Environmentalist Foundation of India | E.F.I's public awareness wall paintings | The Environmentalist Foundation of India (E.F.I) is an environmental conservation group based out of Chennai, Hyderabad, Puducherry, Bangalore, Trivandrum, Mumbai, Delhi, Kolkata and Coimbatore which focuses on wildlife conservation and habitat restoration. Started in 2007 and registered in 2011, the organisation is known for its work in cleaning and scientific restoration of lakes in India for biodiversity. The organisation and its efforts grew from one pond in Chennai to include over 167 water bodies in Andhra Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Delhi, Gujarat, Jammu & Kashmir, Karnataka, Kerala, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Odisha, Puducherry, Rajasthan, Tamil Nadu, Telangana, Uttar Pradesh and West Bengal in the last 14 years (2007 to 2021). | Part of its outreach efforts, E.F.I has teamed up with the Southern Railway, Chennai Metro Rail Corporation and Greater Chennai Corporation to paint public walls with environment outreach information. Named "Wall.E" the effort has spread to 8 cities in 2017. | [] | [
"E.F.I's public awareness wall paintings"
] | [
"Non-profit organisations based in India",
"Environmental organisations based in India"
] |
projected-44500262-022 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Environmentalist%20Foundation%20of%20India | Environmentalist Foundation of India | Founding | The Environmentalist Foundation of India (E.F.I) is an environmental conservation group based out of Chennai, Hyderabad, Puducherry, Bangalore, Trivandrum, Mumbai, Delhi, Kolkata and Coimbatore which focuses on wildlife conservation and habitat restoration. Started in 2007 and registered in 2011, the organisation is known for its work in cleaning and scientific restoration of lakes in India for biodiversity. The organisation and its efforts grew from one pond in Chennai to include over 167 water bodies in Andhra Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Delhi, Gujarat, Jammu & Kashmir, Karnataka, Kerala, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Odisha, Puducherry, Rajasthan, Tamil Nadu, Telangana, Uttar Pradesh and West Bengal in the last 14 years (2007 to 2021). | E.F.I was founded by Arun Krishnamurthy when initiated the cleaning of a pond in Mudichur and a lake in Hyderabad. The organisation's approach to recruit volunteers through school and college orientation programmes received support with many students joining them. E.F.I's team received support from like minded people across the spectrum who joined them as volunteers in their Sunday clean ups. | [] | [
"Founding"
] | [
"Non-profit organisations based in India",
"Environmental organisations based in India"
] |
projected-44500262-023 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Environmentalist%20Foundation%20of%20India | Environmentalist Foundation of India | Recognition | The Environmentalist Foundation of India (E.F.I) is an environmental conservation group based out of Chennai, Hyderabad, Puducherry, Bangalore, Trivandrum, Mumbai, Delhi, Kolkata and Coimbatore which focuses on wildlife conservation and habitat restoration. Started in 2007 and registered in 2011, the organisation is known for its work in cleaning and scientific restoration of lakes in India for biodiversity. The organisation and its efforts grew from one pond in Chennai to include over 167 water bodies in Andhra Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Delhi, Gujarat, Jammu & Kashmir, Karnataka, Kerala, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Odisha, Puducherry, Rajasthan, Tamil Nadu, Telangana, Uttar Pradesh and West Bengal in the last 14 years (2007 to 2021). | British Council International Climate Champion Excellence Award in 2010.
Google Alumni Impact Award in 2011.
Rolex Awards for Enterprise award in 2012 for cleaning Lake Kilkattalai in Chennai.
Jane Goodall Institute Global Youth Leadership Award, 2010.
Youth Action Net Fellow.
The E.F.I has received voluntary support from celebrities of film industry as well, including Kamal Hasan and Trisha Krishnan.
In 2022, the Hon. Prime Minister Narendra Modi had acknowledged E.F.I's conservation efforts in restoring over 170 water bodies across the country. | [] | [
"Recognition"
] | [
"Non-profit organisations based in India",
"Environmental organisations based in India"
] |
projected-71476734-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United%20Trade%20Unions%20of%20Serbia%20%22Sloga%22 | United Trade Unions of Serbia "Sloga" | Introduction | The United Trade Unions of Serbia "Sloga" (, USS Sloga) is a trade union and a left-wing political organization in Serbia. It was founded in 2008, and has been headed by Željko Veselinović since its foundation. | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"Trade unions in Serbia",
"Political parties established in 2008",
"2008 establishments in Serbia",
"Left-wing parties in Serbia",
"Syndicalist political parties"
] | |
projected-71476734-001 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United%20Trade%20Unions%20of%20Serbia%20%22Sloga%22 | United Trade Unions of Serbia "Sloga" | History | The United Trade Unions of Serbia "Sloga" (, USS Sloga) is a trade union and a left-wing political organization in Serbia. It was founded in 2008, and has been headed by Željko Veselinović since its foundation. | United Trade Unions of Serbia "Sloga" was formed in 2008 by Željko Veselinović. It had regularly organized International Workers' Day walks. USS Sloga later organized media campaigns regarding workers' conditions, and had also criticized the economic model that has been pursued by Aleksandar Vučić. It participated as a political organization in the 2014 parliamentary election as part of the Democratic Party (DS) coalition list. Veselinović became a member of the National Assembly afterwards.
According to USS Sloga, they had 100,000 members in 2017. Its members were threatened by the president of the Municipality of Ub Darko Glišić in 2018. USS Sloga regained its seat in the National Assembly following the 2022 general election. | [] | [
"History"
] | [
"Trade unions in Serbia",
"Political parties established in 2008",
"2008 establishments in Serbia",
"Left-wing parties in Serbia",
"Syndicalist political parties"
] |
projected-71476734-002 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United%20Trade%20Unions%20of%20Serbia%20%22Sloga%22 | United Trade Unions of Serbia "Sloga" | Ideology | The United Trade Unions of Serbia "Sloga" (, USS Sloga) is a trade union and a left-wing political organization in Serbia. It was founded in 2008, and has been headed by Željko Veselinović since its foundation. | It has been described as a left-wing trade union. USS Sloga defines itself as a "an independent democratic trade union organization of employees that they join for the purpose of representation and protection of their professional, labor, economic, social, cultural and other individual and collective interests". Veselinović is a member of Trade Union Network of the Party of the European Left and European Social Forum. USS Sloga is a member of the World Federation of Trade Unions. USS Sloga opposes neoliberalism. It supports changing the Labor Law.
USS Sloga had also criticized the approach of other trade unions in Serbia. In 2017, they had argued that increasing the minimal wage for 15% would not be enough to cover the costs of a minimum consumer basket. In August 2022, they had proposed an increase in the minimum wage, wages, and pensions.
The trade union was a part of several opposition coalitions, including the Alliance for Serbia, United Opposition of Serbia, and United for the Victory of Serbia. | [] | [
"Ideology"
] | [
"Trade unions in Serbia",
"Political parties established in 2008",
"2008 establishments in Serbia",
"Left-wing parties in Serbia",
"Syndicalist political parties"
] |
projected-71476734-004 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United%20Trade%20Unions%20of%20Serbia%20%22Sloga%22 | United Trade Unions of Serbia "Sloga" | References | The United Trade Unions of Serbia "Sloga" (, USS Sloga) is a trade union and a left-wing political organization in Serbia. It was founded in 2008, and has been headed by Željko Veselinović since its foundation. | Category:Trade unions in Serbia
Category:Political parties established in 2008
Category:2008 establishments in Serbia
Category:Left-wing parties in Serbia
Category:Syndicalist political parties | [] | [
"References"
] | [
"Trade unions in Serbia",
"Political parties established in 2008",
"2008 establishments in Serbia",
"Left-wing parties in Serbia",
"Syndicalist political parties"
] |
projected-44500270-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ritchie%20Blackmore%20%28disambiguation%29 | Ritchie Blackmore (disambiguation) | Introduction | Ritchie Blackmore may refer to:
Ritchie Blackmore, an English guitarist and songwriter. Also part of Rainbow and of the music duo Blackmore's Night
Ritchie Blackmore's Rainbow, first album by British rock guitarist Ritchie Blackmore's solo band Rainbow
Ritchie Blackmore Stratocaster, an alternative known name for the electric guitar Fender Stratocaster | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [] | |
projected-44500270-001 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ritchie%20Blackmore%20%28disambiguation%29 | Ritchie Blackmore (disambiguation) | See also | Ritchie Blackmore may refer to:
Ritchie Blackmore, an English guitarist and songwriter. Also part of Rainbow and of the music duo Blackmore's Night
Ritchie Blackmore's Rainbow, first album by British rock guitarist Ritchie Blackmore's solo band Rainbow
Ritchie Blackmore Stratocaster, an alternative known name for the electric guitar Fender Stratocaster | Richie Blackmore (rugby league), New Zealand rugby league player and coach | [] | [
"See also"
] | [] |
projected-44500283-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Under%20Cover%20of%20Night | Under Cover of Night | Introduction | Under Cover of Night is a 1937 American action film directed by George B. Seitz, written by Bertram Millhauser, and starring Edmund Lowe, Florence Rice, Nat Pendleton, Henry Daniell, Sara Haden and Dean Jagger. It was released on January 8, 1937, by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer. | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"1937 films",
"American action films",
"1930s action films",
"Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer films",
"Films directed by George B. Seitz",
"American black-and-white films",
"1930s English-language films",
"1930s American films"
] | |
projected-44500283-001 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Under%20Cover%20of%20Night | Under Cover of Night | Plot | Under Cover of Night is a 1937 American action film directed by George B. Seitz, written by Bertram Millhauser, and starring Edmund Lowe, Florence Rice, Nat Pendleton, Henry Daniell, Sara Haden and Dean Jagger. It was released on January 8, 1937, by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer. | A professor, Janet Griswald (Sara Haden), is about to announce a great discovery in physics when her jealous husband (Henry Daniell), who collaborated with her, causes her to have a heart attack by throwing her dog out a window. To cover up his heinous deed, he throws a ball the dog was playing with out the window also to make it seem the dog chased after it.
When he can't find her notebook containing the discovery details, he ends up killing several other people. Detective Cross (Edmund Lowe) solves what might have been a perfect crime when he realizes the dog was thrown out the window before the ball. | [] | [
"Plot"
] | [
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"American action films",
"1930s action films",
"Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer films",
"Films directed by George B. Seitz",
"American black-and-white films",
"1930s English-language films",
"1930s American films"
] |
projected-44500283-002 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Under%20Cover%20of%20Night | Under Cover of Night | Cast | Under Cover of Night is a 1937 American action film directed by George B. Seitz, written by Bertram Millhauser, and starring Edmund Lowe, Florence Rice, Nat Pendleton, Henry Daniell, Sara Haden and Dean Jagger. It was released on January 8, 1937, by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer. | Edmund Lowe as Christopher Cross
Florence Rice as Deb
Nat Pendleton as Sergeant Lucks
Henry Daniell as Marvin Griswald
Sara Haden as Janet Griswald
Dean Jagger as Alan
Frank Reicher as Rudolph Brehmer
Zeffie Tilbury as Mrs. Nash
Henry Kolker as District Attorney Prichard
Marla Shelton as Tonya Van Horne
Theodore von Eltz as John Lamont
Dorothy Peterson as Susan
Harry Davenport as Dr. Reed
Larry Steers as Factually Member (uncredited) | [] | [
"Cast"
] | [
"1937 films",
"American action films",
"1930s action films",
"Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer films",
"Films directed by George B. Seitz",
"American black-and-white films",
"1930s English-language films",
"1930s American films"
] |
projected-71476745-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/20010101 | 20010101 | Introduction | 20010101 is the third compilation album by J-pop duo Two-Mix, released by King Records on January 1, 2001. The four-disc album covers the duo's singles, B-sides, and other tracks from 1995 to 1998. At the time, it was considered to be an unofficial release, as the duo had left King Records in 1998. The album has since been listed as an official compilation following the release of the 2002 box set Two-Mix Collection Box: Categorhythm.
The album peaked at No. 84 on Oricon's weekly albums chart. | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"2001 compilation albums",
"Two-Mix compilation albums",
"Japanese-language compilation albums",
"King Records (Japan) compilation albums"
] | |
projected-71476745-001 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/20010101 | 20010101 | Track listing | 20010101 is the third compilation album by J-pop duo Two-Mix, released by King Records on January 1, 2001. The four-disc album covers the duo's singles, B-sides, and other tracks from 1995 to 1998. At the time, it was considered to be an unofficial release, as the duo had left King Records in 1998. The album has since been listed as an official compilation following the release of the 2002 box set Two-Mix Collection Box: Categorhythm.
The album peaked at No. 84 on Oricon's weekly albums chart. | All lyrics are written by Shiina Nagano; all music is composed by Minami Takayama, except where indicated; all music is arranged by Two-Mix. | [] | [
"Track listing"
] | [
"2001 compilation albums",
"Two-Mix compilation albums",
"Japanese-language compilation albums",
"King Records (Japan) compilation albums"
] |
projected-44500285-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Octavio%20Klimek%20Alcaraz | Octavio Klimek Alcaraz | Introduction | Octavio Adolfo Klimek Alcaraz (born 30 December 1962) is a Mexican politician from the Party of the Democratic Revolution. From 2008 to 2009 he served as Deputy of the LX Legislature of the Mexican Congress representing Guerrero. | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
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"Living people",
"Politicians from Guerrero",
"Members of the Chamber of Deputies (Mexico)",
"Party of the Democratic Revolution politicians",
"21st-century Mexican politicians",
"Deputies of the LX Legislature of Mexico",
"Members of the Chamber of Deputies (Mexico) for Guerrero"
] | |
projected-44500285-001 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Octavio%20Klimek%20Alcaraz | Octavio Klimek Alcaraz | References | Octavio Adolfo Klimek Alcaraz (born 30 December 1962) is a Mexican politician from the Party of the Democratic Revolution. From 2008 to 2009 he served as Deputy of the LX Legislature of the Mexican Congress representing Guerrero. | Category:1962 births
Category:Living people
Category:Politicians from Guerrero
Category:Members of the Chamber of Deputies (Mexico)
Category:Party of the Democratic Revolution politicians
Category:21st-century Mexican politicians
Category:Deputies of the LX Legislature of Mexico
Category:Members of the Chamber of Deputies (Mexico) for Guerrero | [] | [
"References"
] | [
"1962 births",
"Living people",
"Politicians from Guerrero",
"Members of the Chamber of Deputies (Mexico)",
"Party of the Democratic Revolution politicians",
"21st-century Mexican politicians",
"Deputies of the LX Legislature of Mexico",
"Members of the Chamber of Deputies (Mexico) for Guerrero"
] |
projected-06901431-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Friendship%2C%20Indiana | Friendship, Indiana | Introduction | Friendship is an unincorporated community (village) in a scenic valley on State Road 62, (Chief White Eye Trail) Brown Township, Ripley County, in the U.S. state of Indiana. | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"Unincorporated communities in Ripley County, Indiana",
"Unincorporated communities in Indiana",
"Populated places established in 1837"
] | |
projected-06901431-001 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Friendship%2C%20Indiana | Friendship, Indiana | History | Friendship is an unincorporated community (village) in a scenic valley on State Road 62, (Chief White Eye Trail) Brown Township, Ripley County, in the U.S. state of Indiana. | There are multiple stories about how Friendship obtained its name, the following are a couple of stories.
Originally named Paul Town after Daniel F. Paul, an early settler who opened a general store in his residence. The village's mail was being sent to Ballstown in Ripley County, Indiana, the village was then renamed to Hart's Mill after the Harts, William, Robert, and Hiram. Using this name the village's mail was being sent to Hartsville, in Decatur County, IN. The townspeople then decided upon Friendship, after the “Friendship Lodge” The Masonic Lodge F.& A.M. #68 (smith p. 59).
On February 3, 1837, a post office named Harts Mill was established, with Hiram A. Hart as the first postmaster. On July 5, 1849, William Hart laid out the village, and establish the settlement's name for his family. On January 14, 1868, Friendship was the new name for the post office. WPA files state that the postmaster thought that the locals were quietly friendly, although others say it was so named because Friendship built the settlement. | [] | [
"History"
] | [
"Unincorporated communities in Ripley County, Indiana",
"Unincorporated communities in Indiana",
"Populated places established in 1837"
] |
projected-06901431-002 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Friendship%2C%20Indiana | Friendship, Indiana | Tourism and events | Friendship is an unincorporated community (village) in a scenic valley on State Road 62, (Chief White Eye Trail) Brown Township, Ripley County, in the U.S. state of Indiana. | Twice a year, the National Muzzle Loading Rifle Association holds major shoots in the community. During the months of June and September (2nd full weekend through the 3rd full weekend), to coincide with the NMLRA shoots, Friendship hosts Indiana's most distinctive open-air flea market event. Vendors from around the country, but especially from the "tri-state" area of Ohio, Kentucky, and Indiana participate. The flea market is in two sections, one in town and the other on the other side of the Walter Cline gun range.
Laughery Creek offers open access to kayaking, tubing, canoeing, and fishing (with Indiana fishing license).
The National Muzzle Loading Rifle Association (NMLRA), established in 1933, offers camping, and shooting range (with membership). The NMLRA also owns the Rand House Museum in John Linsey Rand House.
Downtown Friendship is home to The Old Mill Campground and Flea Market. The Old Mill hosts a flea market and is used for camping in spring, summer, and fall.
Due to its position on the thirty mile drive from Lawrenceburg, Aurora, Rising Sun, Florence (IN), Vevay, and Madison, Friendship has become a common beginning and stopping points for motorcycle and ATV benefit rides.
Friendship is home to many historical buildings and organizations. The only remaining church in Friendship, The Bear Creek Baptist Church held the first service on July 2, 1818. Lot number seven in Friendship is the building and location of an earlier church, the building is now privately owned. This building was the Friendship Methodist Church, established in 1848, when this church dissolved the brick building was sold to St. Peter's Lutheran Church in 1877, and held services until 1931
The Methodist/Lutheran Church was also the school until a schoolhouse was built on lot number 32 (now a private residence). This brick building was the school until 1915, the town then constructed a new school building at the west end of town, the building is now apartments.
Friendship Grocery occupies an early 19th century building that has been a general store and part of Friendship, IN for generations.
On state road 62 between The Bear Creek Baptist Church and The Rand house the remains the stone pillar of an old swinging bridge across Laughery Creek.
On the west side of town, on Olean Road, is Friendship's Raccoon Creek Stone Arch Bridge, which was constructed in 1899, and is still in use today.
The Friendship State Bank, founded in 1912, still calls Friendship home, though the building has had multiple additions and renovations over the years, it still stands in the original location.
The Friendship Volunteer Fire Department established in 1914. Friendship housed the fire engine in a private residence until, 1946, when a new fire hall was built, additions and renovations were done in 1961 and in 1978. The Fire Department constructed a new fire hall, west of town on Cave Hill Road in 1993.
In 1921 Tim Corson and Edw. Westmeyer built the garage in Friendship on Main Street (state road 62). Today the garage is running in the same building as Mac's Auto Service.
Friendship Tavern and Restaurant established in 1932, though the business has exchanged hands many times, it is still operating on Main Street in Friendship.
Bruegge Auto Body, formerly Whitey's Auto Body, on Hamlin street, is operating in a historic building that housed many businesses over the years.
Carl Dyer Moccasins was established in the 1920s and relocated to Friendship in 1982, located with The Basket Man on Main Street next to The Bear Creek Baptist Church. | [
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"NMLRA Museum wideview.JPG"
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"Unincorporated communities in Ripley County, Indiana",
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"Populated places established in 1837"
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projected-06901431-003 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Friendship%2C%20Indiana | Friendship, Indiana | See also | Friendship is an unincorporated community (village) in a scenic valley on State Road 62, (Chief White Eye Trail) Brown Township, Ripley County, in the U.S. state of Indiana. | Statue of Hope - Wilson Memorial, Friendship, Indiana; Thomas Wilson killed his brother in-law and the story goes that the "victim was buried on the hillside going to Dewberry, and had a large monument erected so that Wilson would have to view it if looking east from the large brick home (smith p. 63)." Many native residents remember the ruins of the monument which was pointing towards the Rand House. It is not believed by the local residents to have been a monument of the Statue of Hope. | [] | [
"See also"
] | [
"Unincorporated communities in Ripley County, Indiana",
"Unincorporated communities in Indiana",
"Populated places established in 1837"
] |
projected-06901431-004 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Friendship%2C%20Indiana | Friendship, Indiana | References | Friendship is an unincorporated community (village) in a scenic valley on State Road 62, (Chief White Eye Trail) Brown Township, Ripley County, in the U.S. state of Indiana. | Category:Unincorporated communities in Ripley County, Indiana
Category:Unincorporated communities in Indiana
Category:Populated places established in 1837 | [] | [
"References"
] | [
"Unincorporated communities in Ripley County, Indiana",
"Unincorporated communities in Indiana",
"Populated places established in 1837"
] |
projected-26724012-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conus%20arenatus | Conus arenatus | Introduction | Conus arenatus, common name the sand-dusted cone, is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Conidae, the cone snails and their allies.
These snails are predatory and venomous. They are capable of "stinging" humans, therefore live ones should be handled carefully or not at all. | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"Conus",
"Gastropods described in 1792"
] | |
projected-26724012-001 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conus%20arenatus | Conus arenatus | Description | Conus arenatus, common name the sand-dusted cone, is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Conidae, the cone snails and their allies.
These snails are predatory and venomous. They are capable of "stinging" humans, therefore live ones should be handled carefully or not at all. | The size of the shell varies between 25 mm and 90 mm. The shell is stoutly turbinated, coronated on the spire. The color of the shell is white, sprinkled in a waved longitudinal manner with very small, close brown dots, sometimes forming indistinct bands. The aperture has usually a light flesh-color. | [
"Conus arenatus.shell001.jpg"
] | [
"Description"
] | [
"Conus",
"Gastropods described in 1792"
] |
projected-26724012-002 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conus%20arenatus | Conus arenatus | Distribution | Conus arenatus, common name the sand-dusted cone, is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Conidae, the cone snails and their allies.
These snails are predatory and venomous. They are capable of "stinging" humans, therefore live ones should be handled carefully or not at all. | This marine species is occurs in the Red Sea and in the Indo-Pacific; and off Australia (Northern Territory, Queensland, Western Australia). The species now also occurs in the Mediterranean off Israel, having invaded as a Lessepsian migrant through the Suez Canal. | [] | [
"Distribution"
] | [
"Conus",
"Gastropods described in 1792"
] |
projected-26724012-003 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conus%20arenatus | Conus arenatus | References | Conus arenatus, common name the sand-dusted cone, is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Conidae, the cone snails and their allies.
These snails are predatory and venomous. They are capable of "stinging" humans, therefore live ones should be handled carefully or not at all. | Bruguière, M. 1792. Encyclopédie Méthodique ou par ordre de matières. Histoire naturelle des vers. Paris : Panckoucke Vol. 1 i–xviii, 757 pp
Röding, P.F. 1798. Museum Boltenianum sive Catalogus cimeliorum e tribus regnis naturae quae olim collegerat Joa. Hamburg : Trappii 199 pp.
Tryon, G.W. 1883. Marginellidae, Olividae, Columbellidae. Manual of Conchology. Philadelphia : G.W. Tryon Vol. 5
Dautzenberg, P. 1937. Gastéropodes marins. 3-Famille Conidae'; Résultats Scientifiques du Voyage aux Indes Orientales Néerlandaises de LL. AA. RR. Le Prince et la Princesse Lé Belgique. Mémoires du Musée Royal d'Histoire Naturelle de Belgique 2(18): 284 pp, 3 pls
Demond, J. 1957. Micronesian reef associated gastropods. Pacific Science 11(3): 275–341, fig. 2, pl. 1.
Gillett, K. & McNeill, F. 1959. The Great Barrier Reef and Adjacent Isles: a comprehensive survey for visitor, naturalist and photographer. Sydney : Coral Press 209 pp.
Wilson, B.R. & Gillett, K. 1971. Australian Shells: illustrating and describing 600 species of marine gastropods found in Australian waters. Sydney : Reed Books 168 pp.
Barash, A. & Danin, Z. 1972. The Indo-Pacific species of Mollusca in the Mediterranean and notes on a collection from the Suez Canal. Israel Journal of Zoology 21: 301–374
Salvat, B. & Rives, C. 1975. Coquillages de Polynésie. Tahiti : Papeete les editions du pacifique, pp. 1–391.
Cernohorsky, W.O. 1978. Tropical Pacific marine shells. Sydney : Pacific Publications 352 pp., 68 pls.
Coomans, H.E., Moolenbeek, R.G. & Wils, E. 1981. Alphabetical revision of the (sub) species in recent Conidae 4. aphrodite to azona with the description of C. arenatus bizona, nov. subsp. Basteria 45(1–3): 3–55
Wilson, B. 1994. Australian Marine Shells. Prosobranch Gastropods. Kallaroo, WA : Odyssey Publishing Vol. 2 370 pp.
Röckel, D., Korn, W. & Kohn, A.J. 1995. Manual of the Living Conidae. Volume 1: Indo-Pacific Region. Wiesbaden : Hemmen 517 pp.
Tucker J.K. & Tenorio M.J. (2013) Illustrated catalog of the living cone shells. 517 pp. Wellington, Florida: MdM Publishing.
Puillandre N., Duda T.F., Meyer C., Olivera B.M. & Bouchet P. (2015). One, four or 100 genera? A new classification of the cone snails. Journal of Molluscan Studies. 81: 1–23 | [] | [
"References"
] | [
"Conus",
"Gastropods described in 1792"
] |
projected-06901441-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hult%20Healey | Hult Healey | Introduction | Hult Healey was a make of kit cars in Sweden.
It all started when Mats Svanberg from Hult saw an Austin-Healey (100 or 3000) and fell in love with it. In the 1970s he bought one and in 1981 it was due for a renovation and he wanted to make a replica of the competition Austin-Healey, but without ruining his original car, so he decided to build a copy. He called in his friend Lennart Waerme to help him. The chassis was based on the original, but used engine, gearbox, front end and rear axle from a 1972 Volvo 142. To make this possible the car had to be made 14 cm wider than the original. The Hult Healey, as it was known, was first registered in the late summer of 1984. They also started to make kits based on their design. Up to 1990 they had made and sold 35 kit cars, and four complete cars.
In 1987 they made an update Mk2 model with a more racing design using a Volvo B23 engine giving . The body weighed just . Only three Mk2 Hult Healys were made. | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"Kit car manufacturers",
"Defunct motor vehicle manufacturers of Sweden"
] | |
projected-06901441-001 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hult%20Healey | Hult Healey | References | Hult Healey was a make of kit cars in Sweden.
It all started when Mats Svanberg from Hult saw an Austin-Healey (100 or 3000) and fell in love with it. In the 1970s he bought one and in 1981 it was due for a renovation and he wanted to make a replica of the competition Austin-Healey, but without ruining his original car, so he decided to build a copy. He called in his friend Lennart Waerme to help him. The chassis was based on the original, but used engine, gearbox, front end and rear axle from a 1972 Volvo 142. To make this possible the car had to be made 14 cm wider than the original. The Hult Healey, as it was known, was first registered in the late summer of 1984. They also started to make kits based on their design. Up to 1990 they had made and sold 35 kit cars, and four complete cars.
In 1987 they made an update Mk2 model with a more racing design using a Volvo B23 engine giving . The body weighed just . Only three Mk2 Hult Healys were made. | Category:Kit car manufacturers
Category:Defunct motor vehicle manufacturers of Sweden | [] | [
"References"
] | [
"Kit car manufacturers",
"Defunct motor vehicle manufacturers of Sweden"
] |
projected-44500313-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/5%20Years%20of%20Mau5 | 5 Years of Mau5 | Introduction | 5 Years of Mau5 is a greatest hits and remix album by Canadian electronic music producer Deadmau5. It was released on November 24, 2014, in celebration of the five-year anniversary of his label, Mau5trap. Like his previous studio album, While(1<2) the retrospective was released in double disc format. The first disc acts as a greatest hits album encompassing highlights from the past five years of his back catalog, while the second disc serves as a remix album featuring exclusive and new remixes from various artists. The album artwork features a combination of the 'Mau5heads' used in the cover art of his first four studio albums released through the label: Random Album Title, For Lack of a Better Name, 4×4=12 and Album Title Goes Here. | [
"Deadmau5 - 5 Years of mau5.jpg"
] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"Deadmau5 albums",
"2014 compilation albums",
"2014 greatest hits albums",
"2014 remix albums",
"Mau5trap albums",
"Ultra Records albums",
"Virgin Records albums"
] | |
projected-44500313-001 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/5%20Years%20of%20Mau5 | 5 Years of Mau5 | Track listing | 5 Years of Mau5 is a greatest hits and remix album by Canadian electronic music producer Deadmau5. It was released on November 24, 2014, in celebration of the five-year anniversary of his label, Mau5trap. Like his previous studio album, While(1<2) the retrospective was released in double disc format. The first disc acts as a greatest hits album encompassing highlights from the past five years of his back catalog, while the second disc serves as a remix album featuring exclusive and new remixes from various artists. The album artwork features a combination of the 'Mau5heads' used in the cover art of his first four studio albums released through the label: Random Album Title, For Lack of a Better Name, 4×4=12 and Album Title Goes Here. | Notes
The original track listing was meant to feature the Wolfgang Gartner collaboration "Animal Rights" instead of "Not Exactly", as well as a remix of "Word Problems" by Friend Within (which was not finished in time for the album's release) in place of Wax Motif's Remix of "Raise Your Weapon".
NERO's remix of "Ghosts 'n' Stuff" and Madeon's remix of "Raise Your Weapon" were originally released in 2009 and 2011, respectively.
The deadmau5 vs Eric Prydz remix for "The Veldt" and the Michael Cassette remix for "Raise Your Weapon" were both initially recorded around 2012 and originally released around 2013, but neither were officially released before the album. | [] | [
"Track listing"
] | [
"Deadmau5 albums",
"2014 compilation albums",
"2014 greatest hits albums",
"2014 remix albums",
"Mau5trap albums",
"Ultra Records albums",
"Virgin Records albums"
] |
projected-26724013-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Da%20grande%20%28song%29 | Da grande (song) | Introduction | "Da grande" is first single from Alexia's second hits compilation album Da grande and was released on CD in 2005 (Sony Code 675758). The CD contained two tracks, with the second track being the international English version of "Dimmi come..."/"Don't You Know", that saw a release in some territories outside Italy in 2002. It was the first Alexia release not to feature her on the cover.
The song was performed at the 2005 Sanremo Festival, where it came second in the women's category. Upon its release, the single entered the Italian charts at number 18.
The title translates as "From Large", with Alexia singing how her great love will surprise a man, making his dreams come true. | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"2005 singles",
"Alexia (Italian singer) songs",
"Songs written by Alexia (Italian singer)",
"Sanremo Music Festival songs",
"Sony Music singles",
"2005 songs"
] | |
projected-26724013-001 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Da%20grande%20%28song%29 | Da grande (song) | Music video | "Da grande" is first single from Alexia's second hits compilation album Da grande and was released on CD in 2005 (Sony Code 675758). The CD contained two tracks, with the second track being the international English version of "Dimmi come..."/"Don't You Know", that saw a release in some territories outside Italy in 2002. It was the first Alexia release not to feature her on the cover.
The song was performed at the 2005 Sanremo Festival, where it came second in the women's category. Upon its release, the single entered the Italian charts at number 18.
The title translates as "From Large", with Alexia singing how her great love will surprise a man, making his dreams come true. | A videoclip was filmed for the single, the first time since 2003's "Egoista" and this would be the last video Alexia would film until 2008's "Grande Coraggio". The video features a giant Alexia walking and dancing round a city. | [] | [
"Music video"
] | [
"2005 singles",
"Alexia (Italian singer) songs",
"Songs written by Alexia (Italian singer)",
"Sanremo Music Festival songs",
"Sony Music singles",
"2005 songs"
] |
projected-26724013-003 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Da%20grande%20%28song%29 | Da grande (song) | References | "Da grande" is first single from Alexia's second hits compilation album Da grande and was released on CD in 2005 (Sony Code 675758). The CD contained two tracks, with the second track being the international English version of "Dimmi come..."/"Don't You Know", that saw a release in some territories outside Italy in 2002. It was the first Alexia release not to feature her on the cover.
The song was performed at the 2005 Sanremo Festival, where it came second in the women's category. Upon its release, the single entered the Italian charts at number 18.
The title translates as "From Large", with Alexia singing how her great love will surprise a man, making his dreams come true. | Category:2005 singles
Category:Alexia (Italian singer) songs
Category:Songs written by Alexia (Italian singer)
Category:Sanremo Music Festival songs
Category:Sony Music singles
Category:2005 songs | [] | [
"References"
] | [
"2005 singles",
"Alexia (Italian singer) songs",
"Songs written by Alexia (Italian singer)",
"Sanremo Music Festival songs",
"Sony Music singles",
"2005 songs"
] |
projected-06901456-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gpsd | Gpsd | Introduction | gpsd is a computer software program that collects data from a Global Positioning System (GPS) receiver and provides the data via an Internet Protocol (IP) network to potentially multiple client applications in a server-client application architecture. Gpsd may be run as a daemon to operate transparently as a background task of the server. The network interface provides a standardized data format for multiple concurrent client applications, such as Kismet or GPS navigation software.
Gpsd is commonly used on Unix-like operating systems. It is distributed as free software under the 3-clause BSD license. | [] | [
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projected-06901456-001 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gpsd | Gpsd | Design | gpsd is a computer software program that collects data from a Global Positioning System (GPS) receiver and provides the data via an Internet Protocol (IP) network to potentially multiple client applications in a server-client application architecture. Gpsd may be run as a daemon to operate transparently as a background task of the server. The network interface provides a standardized data format for multiple concurrent client applications, such as Kismet or GPS navigation software.
Gpsd is commonly used on Unix-like operating systems. It is distributed as free software under the 3-clause BSD license. | gpsd provides a TCP/IP service by binding to port 2947 by default. It communicates via that socket by accepting commands, and returning results. These commands use a JSON-based syntax and provide JSON responses. Multiple clients can access the service concurrently.
The application supports many types of GPS receivers with connections via serial ports, USB, and Bluetooth. Starting in 2009, gpsd also supports AIS receivers.
gpsd supports interfacing with the Network Time Protocol (NTP) server ntpd via shared memory to enable setting the host platform's time via the GPS clock. | [] | [
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projected-06901456-002 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gpsd | Gpsd | Authors | gpsd is a computer software program that collects data from a Global Positioning System (GPS) receiver and provides the data via an Internet Protocol (IP) network to potentially multiple client applications in a server-client application architecture. Gpsd may be run as a daemon to operate transparently as a background task of the server. The network interface provides a standardized data format for multiple concurrent client applications, such as Kismet or GPS navigation software.
Gpsd is commonly used on Unix-like operating systems. It is distributed as free software under the 3-clause BSD license. | gpsd was originally written by Remco Treffkorn with Derrick Brashear, then maintained by Russell Nelson. It is now maintained by Eric S. Raymond. | [] | [
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projected-26724015-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conus%20aristophanes | Conus aristophanes | Introduction | Conus aristophanes is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Conidae, the cone snails and their allies.
These snails are predatory and venomous. They are capable of "stinging" humans, therefore live ones should be handled carefully or not at all. | [] | [
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projected-26724015-001 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conus%20aristophanes | Conus aristophanes | Description | Conus aristophanes is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Conidae, the cone snails and their allies.
These snails are predatory and venomous. They are capable of "stinging" humans, therefore live ones should be handled carefully or not at all. | The size of the shell varies between 18 mm and 47 mm. The shell is violaceous gray, somewhat clouded with pink-white. The revolving lines are milk-white, interrupted by chestnut short dashes and spots. The interior of the aperture is chocolate, with a central white band. spire is more or less raised, striate or sometimes nearly smooth, with or without tubercles. The body whorl is striate, the striae usually granulous towards the base, and sometimes throughout. | [] | [
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projected-26724015-002 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conus%20aristophanes | Conus aristophanes | Distribution | Conus aristophanes is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Conidae, the cone snails and their allies.
These snails are predatory and venomous. They are capable of "stinging" humans, therefore live ones should be handled carefully or not at all. | This marine species occurs off the Philippines; Papua New Guinea, Tahiti and Fiji; also off Mozambique. | [] | [
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projected-26724015-003 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conus%20aristophanes | Conus aristophanes | References | Conus aristophanes is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Conidae, the cone snails and their allies.
These snails are predatory and venomous. They are capable of "stinging" humans, therefore live ones should be handled carefully or not at all. | Filmer R.M. (2001). A Catalogue of Nomenclature and Taxonomy in the Living Conidae 1758 – 1998. Backhuys Publishers, Leiden. 388pp.
Tucker J.K. (2009). Recent cone species database. September 4, 2009 Edition
Tucker J.K. & Tenorio M.J. (2009) Systematic classification of Recent and fossil conoidean gastropods. Hackenheim: Conchbooks. 296 pp.
Petit, R. E. (2009). George Brettingham Sowerby, I, II & III: their conchological publications and molluscan taxa. Zootaxa. 2189: 1–218
Puillandre N., Duda T.F., Meyer C., Olivera B.M. & Bouchet P. (2015). One, four or 100 genera? A new classification of the cone snails. Journal of Molluscan Studies. 81: 1–23 | [] | [
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projected-26724017-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Johan%20Falkenberg | Johan Falkenberg | Introduction | Johan Christian Falkenberg (8 October 1901 – 12 July 1963) was a Norwegian épée and foil fencer. He competed at three Olympic Games.
During the Second World War, Falkenberg was a member of the Norwegian resistance movement, leading Milorg districts 22, 23, 40 and 41 from 1943 onwards. For his service, Falkenberg was awarded the Defence Medal 1940–1945, as well as French and British decorations. | [] | [
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projected-26724019-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conus%20armadillo | Conus armadillo | Introduction | Conus armadillo is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Conidae, the cone snails and their allies.
Like all species within the genus Conus, these snails are predatory and venomous. They are capable of "stinging" humans, therefore live ones should be handled carefully or not at all.
The subspecies Conus armadillo gabryae L. Raybaudi, 1989 is a synonym of Conus gabryae Röckel & Korn, 1992 in turn a synonym of Conus australis Holten, 1802 | [] | [
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projected-26724019-001 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conus%20armadillo | Conus armadillo | Description | Conus armadillo is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Conidae, the cone snails and their allies.
Like all species within the genus Conus, these snails are predatory and venomous. They are capable of "stinging" humans, therefore live ones should be handled carefully or not at all.
The subspecies Conus armadillo gabryae L. Raybaudi, 1989 is a synonym of Conus gabryae Röckel & Korn, 1992 in turn a synonym of Conus australis Holten, 1802 | The size of the shell varies between 60 mm and 79 mm. | [] | [
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projected-26724019-002 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conus%20armadillo | Conus armadillo | Distribution | Conus armadillo is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Conidae, the cone snails and their allies.
Like all species within the genus Conus, these snails are predatory and venomous. They are capable of "stinging" humans, therefore live ones should be handled carefully or not at all.
The subspecies Conus armadillo gabryae L. Raybaudi, 1989 is a synonym of Conus gabryae Röckel & Korn, 1992 in turn a synonym of Conus australis Holten, 1802 | This marine species occurs off Taiwan, the Philippines; Queensland, Australia and Papua New Guinea and the Loyalty Islands. | [] | [
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projected-26724019-003 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conus%20armadillo | Conus armadillo | References | Conus armadillo is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Conidae, the cone snails and their allies.
Like all species within the genus Conus, these snails are predatory and venomous. They are capable of "stinging" humans, therefore live ones should be handled carefully or not at all.
The subspecies Conus armadillo gabryae L. Raybaudi, 1989 is a synonym of Conus gabryae Röckel & Korn, 1992 in turn a synonym of Conus australis Holten, 1802 | Shikama, T. 1971. On some noteworthy marine Gastropoda from southwestern Japan (III). Science Reports of the Yokohama National University 2 18: 27–35
Röckel, D., Korn, W. & Kohn, A.J. 1995. Manual of the Living Conidae. Volume 1: Indo-Pacific Region. Wiesbaden : Hemmen 517 pp.
Tucker J.K. & Tenorio M.J. (2009) Systematic classification of Recent and fossil conoidean gastropods. Hackenheim: Conchbooks. 296 pp
Puillandre N., Duda T.F., Meyer C., Olivera B.M. & Bouchet P. (2015). One, four or 100 genera? A new classification of the cone snails. Journal of Molluscan Studies. 81: 1–23 | [] | [
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projected-08555316-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gene%20D.%20Block | Gene D. Block | Introduction | Gene David Block (born August 17, 1948) is an American biologist, academic, inventor, and chancellor of the University of California, Los Angeles. Block has served as provost and professor of biology at the University of Virginia. While at the University of Virginia, Block interacted with Randy Pausch and is mentioned in his memoir, The Last Lecture.
Before becoming chancellor of UCLA, Block had an extensive scientific career. His early work with mollusks investigated the structure and function of basal retinal neurons (BRN) in circadian photoentrainment. He was the first to discover a cell-autonomous circadian pacemaker and concluded that BRNs are both necessary and sufficient for photoentrainment. Later in his career, Block explored the molecular basis of circadian rhythms in mammals, and found that calcium flux was necessary for circadian rhythmicity. His most recent research, which he is still working on today, is largely focused on the effect that aging has on the circadian clock. | [] | [
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projected-08555316-001 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gene%20D.%20Block | Gene D. Block | Early life | Gene David Block (born August 17, 1948) is an American biologist, academic, inventor, and chancellor of the University of California, Los Angeles. Block has served as provost and professor of biology at the University of Virginia. While at the University of Virginia, Block interacted with Randy Pausch and is mentioned in his memoir, The Last Lecture.
Before becoming chancellor of UCLA, Block had an extensive scientific career. His early work with mollusks investigated the structure and function of basal retinal neurons (BRN) in circadian photoentrainment. He was the first to discover a cell-autonomous circadian pacemaker and concluded that BRNs are both necessary and sufficient for photoentrainment. Later in his career, Block explored the molecular basis of circadian rhythms in mammals, and found that calcium flux was necessary for circadian rhythmicity. His most recent research, which he is still working on today, is largely focused on the effect that aging has on the circadian clock. | Block was born in Monticello, New York, the grandson of Jewish immigrants from Eastern Europe. His father and uncle owned Mountain Dairies, a retail/wholesale distributor that served many of the hotels and camps that populated Catskill region of New York. During summers, he worked at the dairy as a truck driver, starting his days at 4 am for early morning deliveries to summer camps and hotels. He also played piano in a trio that provided dance music for Saturday evening parties at several bungalow colonies within the "Borscht Belt". His hobbies included electronics and shortwave radio. He played varsity tennis at Monticello High School. | [] | [
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projected-08555316-002 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gene%20D.%20Block | Gene D. Block | Education | Gene David Block (born August 17, 1948) is an American biologist, academic, inventor, and chancellor of the University of California, Los Angeles. Block has served as provost and professor of biology at the University of Virginia. While at the University of Virginia, Block interacted with Randy Pausch and is mentioned in his memoir, The Last Lecture.
Before becoming chancellor of UCLA, Block had an extensive scientific career. His early work with mollusks investigated the structure and function of basal retinal neurons (BRN) in circadian photoentrainment. He was the first to discover a cell-autonomous circadian pacemaker and concluded that BRNs are both necessary and sufficient for photoentrainment. Later in his career, Block explored the molecular basis of circadian rhythms in mammals, and found that calcium flux was necessary for circadian rhythmicity. His most recent research, which he is still working on today, is largely focused on the effect that aging has on the circadian clock. | Block received a BA from Stanford University in 1970, followed by his MS and PhD in 1972 and 1975, respectively, from the University of Oregon; all in psychology. From 1975 to 1978, he returned to Stanford for postdoctoral work with Donald Kennedy, who later became president of Stanford, and Colin Pittendrigh, who is known as the “father of biological timing." During this time Block studied how voluntary movements inhibit sensory feedback in the crayfish working in the Kennedy lab while studying issues of circadian biology with Colin Pittendrigh. | [] | [
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projected-08555316-004 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gene%20D.%20Block | Gene D. Block | University of Virginia | Gene David Block (born August 17, 1948) is an American biologist, academic, inventor, and chancellor of the University of California, Los Angeles. Block has served as provost and professor of biology at the University of Virginia. While at the University of Virginia, Block interacted with Randy Pausch and is mentioned in his memoir, The Last Lecture.
Before becoming chancellor of UCLA, Block had an extensive scientific career. His early work with mollusks investigated the structure and function of basal retinal neurons (BRN) in circadian photoentrainment. He was the first to discover a cell-autonomous circadian pacemaker and concluded that BRNs are both necessary and sufficient for photoentrainment. Later in his career, Block explored the molecular basis of circadian rhythms in mammals, and found that calcium flux was necessary for circadian rhythmicity. His most recent research, which he is still working on today, is largely focused on the effect that aging has on the circadian clock. | In 1978, Block became a member of the faculty in the Department of Biology of University of Virginia. Here, Block served as the vice provost for research from 1993 to 1998, vice president for research and public service from 1998 to 2001, and then in 2001 he was appointed as vice president and provost. Furthermore, during this time from 1991 to 2002, Block also served as the founding director of the National Science Foundation Science and Technology Center in Biological Timing.
According to Block, “The center raised the national visibility of the University in biological and medical research, and gave us reputational leverage in the U.S. as well as in Europe and Japan...Most importantly, the center’s scientific accomplishments have been spectacular. We’ve done some high-risk research that has paid off greatly; some of it has fundamentally changed our understanding of biological processes.”
One of the center's biggest advances, largely by Joseph Takahashi, was the development of a mutant mouse that allowed for the identification and cloning of the “Clock” gene for the biological clock in a mouse in 1997. This was the first such gene to be identified at the molecular level in a mammal. This groundbreaking discovery was a result of the Clock Genome Project, which uses "forward genetics" to discover the genes regulating circadian clocks in mice, fruit flies, and plants. In addition, this work also led to the discovery of many other genes that regulate the biological clock.
In 1997 and 1998, the reputable journal Science ranked the findings of the NSF Center in Biological Timings among the top 10 in biological research breakthroughs.
Three of the NSF Center investigators, Jeffrey C. Hall, Michael Rosbash and Michael W. Young, received the 2017 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine “for their discoveries of molecular mechanisms controlling the circadian rhythm.” | [] | [
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projected-08555316-005 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gene%20D.%20Block | Gene D. Block | UCLA | Gene David Block (born August 17, 1948) is an American biologist, academic, inventor, and chancellor of the University of California, Los Angeles. Block has served as provost and professor of biology at the University of Virginia. While at the University of Virginia, Block interacted with Randy Pausch and is mentioned in his memoir, The Last Lecture.
Before becoming chancellor of UCLA, Block had an extensive scientific career. His early work with mollusks investigated the structure and function of basal retinal neurons (BRN) in circadian photoentrainment. He was the first to discover a cell-autonomous circadian pacemaker and concluded that BRNs are both necessary and sufficient for photoentrainment. Later in his career, Block explored the molecular basis of circadian rhythms in mammals, and found that calcium flux was necessary for circadian rhythmicity. His most recent research, which he is still working on today, is largely focused on the effect that aging has on the circadian clock. | Block was appointed Chancellor of UCLA in 2007. His selection was announced on 21 December 2006, succeeding interim office holder Norman Abrams on 1 August 2007.
In his inaugural address at UCLA, Block shared that his top priorities are to advance academic excellence, financial stability, diversity and civic engagement. He has called for UCLA to deepen its engagement with Los Angeles and to increase access for students from underrepresented populations. Under Block's leadership, UCLA has seen an increase in student diversity on campus thanks to innovative efforts to recruit in diverse communities, and in 2015, UCLA reached pre-Prop. 209 levels, enrolling 279 African American freshmen, on par with the African American share of California public high school graduates. UCLA has also increased the number of low- to middle-income students enrolled. In 2019, UCLA was named the number one public university in the nation for the third consecutive year and is consistently the most applied-to university, with more than 113,000 freshman applications for fall 2018.
Block's push for entrepreneurship on campus has fostered innovation and resulted in UCLA as the top university for creating startups based on campus research. Additionally, to foster a deeper commitment to Los Angeles among UCLA students, Block oversaw the formation of the annual Volunteer Day event, in which thousands of students volunteer in schools, parks, food banks, veterans’ clinics and elsewhere at the beginning of each academic year. Block also implemented UCLA's two Grand Challenges, which are aimed at understanding, treating and preventing depression worldwide, and moving Los Angeles toward 100 percent renewable energy, 100 percent locally sourced water and enhanced ecosystem health by 2050.
During his tenure, Block has faced the challenge of steering UCLA through a severe budget crisis and tuition increases. To address reductions in state funding and advance his priorities, Block is leading the largest fundraising campaign by a public university, aiming to raise $4.2 billion to support student scholarships and fellowships, research projects and new construction on campus in honor of UCLA's centennial in 2019.
Block holds UCLA faculty appointments in psychiatry and bio-behavioral sciences in the David Geffen School of Medicine and in integrative biology and physiology in the College of Letters and Science.
On February 24, 2014, Block published an open letter to the campus community, expressing his opposition to Proposition 209, stating that the proposed merit-based selection system would damage diversity on campus. | [] | [
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projected-08555316-007 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gene%20D.%20Block | Gene D. Block | Cell-autonomous circadian pacemakers | Gene David Block (born August 17, 1948) is an American biologist, academic, inventor, and chancellor of the University of California, Los Angeles. Block has served as provost and professor of biology at the University of Virginia. While at the University of Virginia, Block interacted with Randy Pausch and is mentioned in his memoir, The Last Lecture.
Before becoming chancellor of UCLA, Block had an extensive scientific career. His early work with mollusks investigated the structure and function of basal retinal neurons (BRN) in circadian photoentrainment. He was the first to discover a cell-autonomous circadian pacemaker and concluded that BRNs are both necessary and sufficient for photoentrainment. Later in his career, Block explored the molecular basis of circadian rhythms in mammals, and found that calcium flux was necessary for circadian rhythmicity. His most recent research, which he is still working on today, is largely focused on the effect that aging has on the circadian clock. | While at the University of Virginia, Block worked extensively with his graduate student, Dr. Douglas G. McMahon, the 1986 winner of the Society for Neuroscience's Donald B. Lindsley Prize in Behavioral Neuroscience, on the functioning of the circadian pacemaker system at the cellular level in Bulla gouldiana. In 1984, Block's students conducted a continuous 74-hour intracellular recording in constant darkness that demonstrated that basal retinal neurons (BRN) in the Bulla eye exhibit clear circadian rhythms. These rhythms were also shown to be correlated one-for-one with compound action potentials produced by the optic nerve. The change in membrane potential of the BRNs, which are electrically coupled, were shown to precede or occur simultaneously with the increased compound action potential frequency. An increase in firing frequency, and depolarization of the BRNs, was seen during the day, and the reverse at night. These results demonstrated that the BRNs were at minimum an output for the pacemaker pathway and provided evidence that they were good candidates for being circadian pacemaker neurons.
This research was expanded several years later by a breakthrough study published in Science in which Dr. Stephan Michel, and others working in Block's laboratory, demonstrated that circadian rhythms in BRN membrane conductance could persist spontaneously in isolated BRNs. These spontaneous circadian rhythms were shown for BRNs in isolation from other retinal cells and in isolation from each other. They showed that these circadian rhythms in membrane conductance were caused primarily by a potassium ion current. BRNs in isolation demonstrated the same patterns shown in Block's previous work in which membrane conductance decreased at dawn and increased at dusk. That similar patterns were seen in isolated cells as in previous multiple cell cultures provided the first strong evidence that individual neurons possessed the capacity to generate circadian rhythms. This research definitively concluded that BRNs are both necessary and sufficient for photoentrainment in Bulla. | [] | [
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projected-08555316-008 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gene%20D.%20Block | Gene D. Block | Necessity of calcium flux for rhythmicity | Gene David Block (born August 17, 1948) is an American biologist, academic, inventor, and chancellor of the University of California, Los Angeles. Block has served as provost and professor of biology at the University of Virginia. While at the University of Virginia, Block interacted with Randy Pausch and is mentioned in his memoir, The Last Lecture.
Before becoming chancellor of UCLA, Block had an extensive scientific career. His early work with mollusks investigated the structure and function of basal retinal neurons (BRN) in circadian photoentrainment. He was the first to discover a cell-autonomous circadian pacemaker and concluded that BRNs are both necessary and sufficient for photoentrainment. Later in his career, Block explored the molecular basis of circadian rhythms in mammals, and found that calcium flux was necessary for circadian rhythmicity. His most recent research, which he is still working on today, is largely focused on the effect that aging has on the circadian clock. | Block and colleagues hypothesized that ion movement across cell membranes plays a role in the generation of circadian rhythms. In 2005, his lab measured rhythms in rat suprachiasmatic nuclei (SCN) in various concentrations of calcium ions. Block found that as calcium concentration decreased, thus lowering the transmembrane ion movement, the amplitude of circadian rhythmicity also decreased. With no calcium added, there was no circadian rhythm at all. Block's lab repeated the experiment with rat liver tissue and mouse SCN tissue and found the same results in each case. This demonstrated that across species and tissues, transmembrane calcium flux is necessary for the generation of circadian rhythms. However, there are still some questions about the function of calcium flux. In this experiment, Block also tried adding calcium channel Blockers to the tissues. Rhythmicity did disappear, but it took several cycles, and it is unknown why rhythmicity was not immediately abolished. In addition, Block suspects that calcium flux plays a role in the entrainment of the mammalian clock to the environment, similar to its role in mollusk entrainment. | [] | [
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projected-08555316-009 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gene%20D.%20Block | Gene D. Block | Effects of aging on the circadian clock | Gene David Block (born August 17, 1948) is an American biologist, academic, inventor, and chancellor of the University of California, Los Angeles. Block has served as provost and professor of biology at the University of Virginia. While at the University of Virginia, Block interacted with Randy Pausch and is mentioned in his memoir, The Last Lecture.
Before becoming chancellor of UCLA, Block had an extensive scientific career. His early work with mollusks investigated the structure and function of basal retinal neurons (BRN) in circadian photoentrainment. He was the first to discover a cell-autonomous circadian pacemaker and concluded that BRNs are both necessary and sufficient for photoentrainment. Later in his career, Block explored the molecular basis of circadian rhythms in mammals, and found that calcium flux was necessary for circadian rhythmicity. His most recent research, which he is still working on today, is largely focused on the effect that aging has on the circadian clock. | Block has also studied the effect that aging has on the circadian system, collaborating with other leading chronobiologists including Michael Menaker. In 2002, he studied rhythmicity in rats of various ages and found that aging affected rhythmicity differently in different tissues. In the SCN, the intrinsic period shortened with age, while lung tissue often became arrhythmic (showing sporadic activity) and pineal and kidney tissues became phase advanced. In 2008, Block exposed rats of various ages to different light cycles, and found that phase advances took longer in the SCN in old rats than in young rats, but pineal tissues advanced faster in older rats. Liver tissues did not phase shift at all when the light cycle was advanced. These studies together have shown how complex the aging process is in the circadian system. Block notes that some, though not all, of these changes are likely influenced by diminishing synchronizing signals from the SCN. In 2006, Block observed that jetlag significantly increased the death rate in older mice, which highlights the medical importance of understanding the aging process of the circadian system. | [] | [
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projected-08555316-011 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gene%20D.%20Block | Gene D. Block | Honors and awards | Gene David Block (born August 17, 1948) is an American biologist, academic, inventor, and chancellor of the University of California, Los Angeles. Block has served as provost and professor of biology at the University of Virginia. While at the University of Virginia, Block interacted with Randy Pausch and is mentioned in his memoir, The Last Lecture.
Before becoming chancellor of UCLA, Block had an extensive scientific career. His early work with mollusks investigated the structure and function of basal retinal neurons (BRN) in circadian photoentrainment. He was the first to discover a cell-autonomous circadian pacemaker and concluded that BRNs are both necessary and sufficient for photoentrainment. Later in his career, Block explored the molecular basis of circadian rhythms in mammals, and found that calcium flux was necessary for circadian rhythmicity. His most recent research, which he is still working on today, is largely focused on the effect that aging has on the circadian clock. | 2015: Friends of Semel Institute Visionary Award
2010: Fellow, American Academy of Arts and Sciences
2009: Los Angeles NAACP Foundation Presidents’ Award
2006: Japan Prize in Biology selection committee
2004: Navigator Award, Virginia Piedmont Technology Council
2003: Pioneer Award, National Science Foundation (NSF Centers Program)
1998: Commonwealth of Virginia, Outstanding Public Service Award
1997: Fellow, American Association for the Advancement of Science
1997: Chairman, Gordon Conference on Chronobiology
1997: Visiting Fellow, Japan Society for the Promotion of Science
1996 – 1998: President, Society for Research on Biological Rhythms
1995: Glaser Distinguished Visiting Professor, Florida International University
1993: Alumni Council Thomas Jefferson Professor (endowed chair)
1988 – 1991: Treasurer: Society for Research on Biological Rhythms
1983 – 1988: Research Career Development Award, National Institutes of Health | [] | [
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"Stanford University alumni",
"University of Oregon alumni",
"University of California, Berkeley alumni",
"People from Monticello, New York",
"Jewish American scientists",
"Chr... |
projected-08555316-012 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gene%20D.%20Block | Gene D. Block | Positions | Gene David Block (born August 17, 1948) is an American biologist, academic, inventor, and chancellor of the University of California, Los Angeles. Block has served as provost and professor of biology at the University of Virginia. While at the University of Virginia, Block interacted with Randy Pausch and is mentioned in his memoir, The Last Lecture.
Before becoming chancellor of UCLA, Block had an extensive scientific career. His early work with mollusks investigated the structure and function of basal retinal neurons (BRN) in circadian photoentrainment. He was the first to discover a cell-autonomous circadian pacemaker and concluded that BRNs are both necessary and sufficient for photoentrainment. Later in his career, Block explored the molecular basis of circadian rhythms in mammals, and found that calcium flux was necessary for circadian rhythmicity. His most recent research, which he is still working on today, is largely focused on the effect that aging has on the circadian clock. | Block has served on numerous advisory boards and committees, including:
Board of Directors (chair), Association of Pacific Rim Universities
Board of Directors, Association of American Universities
Board of Directors, Division I, National Collegiate Athletic Association
Board of Directors (former chair), Association of Public and Land-grant Universities
Board of Directors (former chair), National Institute of Aerospace
Program Advisory Committee (former chair), Specialized Neuroscience Research Program (SNRP), Univ. Alaska, Fairbanks | [] | [
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"1948 births",
"Living people",
"University of Virginia faculty",
"Leaders of the University of California, Los Angeles",
"Stanford University alumni",
"University of Oregon alumni",
"University of California, Berkeley alumni",
"People from Monticello, New York",
"Jewish American scientists",
"Chr... |
projected-08555316-013 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gene%20D.%20Block | Gene D. Block | Personal life | Gene David Block (born August 17, 1948) is an American biologist, academic, inventor, and chancellor of the University of California, Los Angeles. Block has served as provost and professor of biology at the University of Virginia. While at the University of Virginia, Block interacted with Randy Pausch and is mentioned in his memoir, The Last Lecture.
Before becoming chancellor of UCLA, Block had an extensive scientific career. His early work with mollusks investigated the structure and function of basal retinal neurons (BRN) in circadian photoentrainment. He was the first to discover a cell-autonomous circadian pacemaker and concluded that BRNs are both necessary and sufficient for photoentrainment. Later in his career, Block explored the molecular basis of circadian rhythms in mammals, and found that calcium flux was necessary for circadian rhythmicity. His most recent research, which he is still working on today, is largely focused on the effect that aging has on the circadian clock. | In 1970, Block married Carol Kullback, also from Monticello; they have two grown children. | [] | [
"Personal life"
] | [
"1948 births",
"Living people",
"University of Virginia faculty",
"Leaders of the University of California, Los Angeles",
"Stanford University alumni",
"University of Oregon alumni",
"University of California, Berkeley alumni",
"People from Monticello, New York",
"Jewish American scientists",
"Chr... |
projected-08555316-014 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gene%20D.%20Block | Gene D. Block | See also | Gene David Block (born August 17, 1948) is an American biologist, academic, inventor, and chancellor of the University of California, Los Angeles. Block has served as provost and professor of biology at the University of Virginia. While at the University of Virginia, Block interacted with Randy Pausch and is mentioned in his memoir, The Last Lecture.
Before becoming chancellor of UCLA, Block had an extensive scientific career. His early work with mollusks investigated the structure and function of basal retinal neurons (BRN) in circadian photoentrainment. He was the first to discover a cell-autonomous circadian pacemaker and concluded that BRNs are both necessary and sufficient for photoentrainment. Later in his career, Block explored the molecular basis of circadian rhythms in mammals, and found that calcium flux was necessary for circadian rhythmicity. His most recent research, which he is still working on today, is largely focused on the effect that aging has on the circadian clock. | circadian rhythm
Michael Menaker
chronobiology
University of California, Los Angeles
Society for Neuroscience | [] | [
"See also"
] | [
"1948 births",
"Living people",
"University of Virginia faculty",
"Leaders of the University of California, Los Angeles",
"Stanford University alumni",
"University of Oregon alumni",
"University of California, Berkeley alumni",
"People from Monticello, New York",
"Jewish American scientists",
"Chr... |