Search is not available for this dataset
text_id stringlengths 22 22 | page_url stringlengths 31 389 | page_title stringlengths 1 250 | section_title stringlengths 0 4.67k | context_page_description stringlengths 0 108k | context_section_description stringlengths 1 187k | media list | hierachy list | category list |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
projected-08555966-018 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1978%20NBA%20playoffs | 1978 NBA playoffs | (1) Philadelphia 76ers vs. (3) Washington Bullets | The 1978 NBA playoffs was the postseason tournament of the National Basketball Association's 1977-78 season. The tournament concluded with the Eastern Conference champion Washington Bullets defeating the Western Conference champion Seattle SuperSonics 4 games to 3 in the NBA Finals. Wes Unseld was named NBA Finals MVP. To date, it remains the only NBA title that the Bullets (since renamed the Wizards) have won.
It was the third NBA Finals appearance and first title for the Bullets, founded in 1961. The Sonics made the Finals for the first time in their 11-year existence. This would be the first of two straight meetings in the Finals between the Bullets and Sonics, with Seattle winning the title the next year.
This was the first time since the expansion of the playoff field to 10 teams in 1975 that neither conference champion had the benefit of a first-round bye by being one of the top two teams in the conference during the regular season. The 1979 Finals rematch between the Sonics and Bullets took place with both teams as the #1 seed in their respective conference.
The Denver Nuggets, one of the four former American Basketball Association teams to join the NBA the previous season, became the first of them to win an NBA playoff series, defeating the Milwaukee Bucks in a 7-game conference semifinal. | After a jump ball with three seconds left, Doug Collins hits the game-tying shot at the buzzer to send it to OT.
This was the second playoff meeting between these two teams, with the Bullets winning the first meeting while in Baltimore. | [] | [
"Conference Finals",
"Eastern Conference Finals",
"(1) Philadelphia 76ers vs. (3) Washington Bullets"
] | [
"National Basketball Association playoffs",
"1977–78 NBA season"
] |
projected-08555966-020 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1978%20NBA%20playoffs | 1978 NBA playoffs | (2) Denver Nuggets vs. (4) Seattle SuperSonics | The 1978 NBA playoffs was the postseason tournament of the National Basketball Association's 1977-78 season. The tournament concluded with the Eastern Conference champion Washington Bullets defeating the Western Conference champion Seattle SuperSonics 4 games to 3 in the NBA Finals. Wes Unseld was named NBA Finals MVP. To date, it remains the only NBA title that the Bullets (since renamed the Wizards) have won.
It was the third NBA Finals appearance and first title for the Bullets, founded in 1961. The Sonics made the Finals for the first time in their 11-year existence. This would be the first of two straight meetings in the Finals between the Bullets and Sonics, with Seattle winning the title the next year.
This was the first time since the expansion of the playoff field to 10 teams in 1975 that neither conference champion had the benefit of a first-round bye by being one of the top two teams in the conference during the regular season. The 1979 Finals rematch between the Sonics and Bullets took place with both teams as the #1 seed in their respective conference.
The Denver Nuggets, one of the four former American Basketball Association teams to join the NBA the previous season, became the first of them to win an NBA playoff series, defeating the Milwaukee Bucks in a 7-game conference semifinal. | This was the first playoff meeting between these two teams. | [] | [
"Western Conference Finals",
"(2) Denver Nuggets vs. (4) Seattle SuperSonics"
] | [
"National Basketball Association playoffs",
"1977–78 NBA season"
] |
projected-08555966-021 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1978%20NBA%20playoffs | 1978 NBA playoffs | NBA Finals: (W4) Seattle SuperSonics vs. (E3) Washington Bullets | The 1978 NBA playoffs was the postseason tournament of the National Basketball Association's 1977-78 season. The tournament concluded with the Eastern Conference champion Washington Bullets defeating the Western Conference champion Seattle SuperSonics 4 games to 3 in the NBA Finals. Wes Unseld was named NBA Finals MVP. To date, it remains the only NBA title that the Bullets (since renamed the Wizards) have won.
It was the third NBA Finals appearance and first title for the Bullets, founded in 1961. The Sonics made the Finals for the first time in their 11-year existence. This would be the first of two straight meetings in the Finals between the Bullets and Sonics, with Seattle winning the title the next year.
This was the first time since the expansion of the playoff field to 10 teams in 1975 that neither conference champion had the benefit of a first-round bye by being one of the top two teams in the conference during the regular season. The 1979 Finals rematch between the Sonics and Bullets took place with both teams as the #1 seed in their respective conference.
The Denver Nuggets, one of the four former American Basketball Association teams to join the NBA the previous season, became the first of them to win an NBA playoff series, defeating the Milwaukee Bucks in a 7-game conference semifinal. | "Downtown" Freddie Brown scores 16 of his points in the 4th quarter to lead the Sonics back from a 19-point deficit.
This was the last time until 2016 that a road team defeated the home team in Game 7 the Finals.
This was the first playoff meeting between these two teams. | [] | [
"NBA Finals: (W4) Seattle SuperSonics vs. (E3) Washington Bullets"
] | [
"National Basketball Association playoffs",
"1977–78 NBA season"
] |
projected-71479310-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Netherlands%20at%20the%202024%20Summer%20Olympics | Netherlands at the 2024 Summer Olympics | Introduction | The Netherlands is scheduled to compete at the 2024 Summer Olympics in Paris from 26 July to 11 August 2024. Dutch athletes have appeared in every edition of the Summer Olympic Games except for two occasions: the sparsely attended 1904 Summer Olympics in St. Louis and the 1956 Summer Olympics in Melbourne as a protest against the Soviet invasion of Hungary. | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"Nations at the 2024 Summer Olympics",
"Netherlands at the Summer Olympics by year",
"2024 in Dutch sport"
] | |
projected-71479310-001 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Netherlands%20at%20the%202024%20Summer%20Olympics | Netherlands at the 2024 Summer Olympics | Competitors | The Netherlands is scheduled to compete at the 2024 Summer Olympics in Paris from 26 July to 11 August 2024. Dutch athletes have appeared in every edition of the Summer Olympic Games except for two occasions: the sparsely attended 1904 Summer Olympics in St. Louis and the 1956 Summer Olympics in Melbourne as a protest against the Soviet invasion of Hungary. | The following is the list of number of competitors in the Games. Note that reserves in field hockey, football, and handball are not counted: | [] | [
"Competitors"
] | [
"Nations at the 2024 Summer Olympics",
"Netherlands at the Summer Olympics by year",
"2024 in Dutch sport"
] |
projected-71479310-002 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Netherlands%20at%20the%202024%20Summer%20Olympics | Netherlands at the 2024 Summer Olympics | Equestrian | The Netherlands is scheduled to compete at the 2024 Summer Olympics in Paris from 26 July to 11 August 2024. Dutch athletes have appeared in every edition of the Summer Olympic Games except for two occasions: the sparsely attended 1904 Summer Olympics in St. Louis and the 1956 Summer Olympics in Melbourne as a protest against the Soviet invasion of Hungary. | The Netherlands entered a full squad of equestrian riders each to the team dressage and jumping competitions through the 2022 FEI World Championships in Herning, Denmark. | [] | [
"Equestrian"
] | [
"Nations at the 2024 Summer Olympics",
"Netherlands at the Summer Olympics by year",
"2024 in Dutch sport"
] |
projected-71479310-003 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Netherlands%20at%20the%202024%20Summer%20Olympics | Netherlands at the 2024 Summer Olympics | Dressage | The Netherlands is scheduled to compete at the 2024 Summer Olympics in Paris from 26 July to 11 August 2024. Dutch athletes have appeared in every edition of the Summer Olympic Games except for two occasions: the sparsely attended 1904 Summer Olympics in St. Louis and the 1956 Summer Olympics in Melbourne as a protest against the Soviet invasion of Hungary. | Qualification Legend: Q = Qualified for the final based on position in group; q = Qualified for the final based on overall position | [] | [
"Equestrian",
"Dressage"
] | [
"Nations at the 2024 Summer Olympics",
"Netherlands at the Summer Olympics by year",
"2024 in Dutch sport"
] |
projected-71479310-005 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Netherlands%20at%20the%202024%20Summer%20Olympics | Netherlands at the 2024 Summer Olympics | References | The Netherlands is scheduled to compete at the 2024 Summer Olympics in Paris from 26 July to 11 August 2024. Dutch athletes have appeared in every edition of the Summer Olympic Games except for two occasions: the sparsely attended 1904 Summer Olympics in St. Louis and the 1956 Summer Olympics in Melbourne as a protest against the Soviet invasion of Hungary. | Category:Nations at the 2024 Summer Olympics
2024
Category:2024 in Dutch sport | [] | [
"References"
] | [
"Nations at the 2024 Summer Olympics",
"Netherlands at the Summer Olympics by year",
"2024 in Dutch sport"
] |
projected-71479318-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samer%20Jundi | Samer Jundi | Introduction | Samer Jundi (; born 27 September 1996) is a Palestinian footballer who plays as a left back for West Bank Premier League club Hilal Al-Quds and the Palestine football team. | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"1996 births",
"Living people",
"Footballers from Jerusalem",
"Palestinian footballers",
"Hilal Al-Quds Club players",
"Hapoel Ashdod F.C. players",
"West Bank Premier League players",
"Palestine international footballers",
"Association football defenders"
] | |
projected-71479318-001 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samer%20Jundi | Samer Jundi | Club career | Samer Jundi (; born 27 September 1996) is a Palestinian footballer who plays as a left back for West Bank Premier League club Hilal Al-Quds and the Palestine football team. | In summer 2016 Jundi signed to Hapoel Ashdod from Liga Gimel (the fifth league) there played two season, there promoted with club two leagues row. | [] | [
"Club career"
] | [
"1996 births",
"Living people",
"Footballers from Jerusalem",
"Palestinian footballers",
"Hilal Al-Quds Club players",
"Hapoel Ashdod F.C. players",
"West Bank Premier League players",
"Palestine international footballers",
"Association football defenders"
] |
projected-71479318-002 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samer%20Jundi | Samer Jundi | International career | Samer Jundi (; born 27 September 1996) is a Palestinian footballer who plays as a left back for West Bank Premier League club Hilal Al-Quds and the Palestine football team. | On 8 June 2022 Jundi made his national team debut on 8 June 2022, in a 2023 AFC Asian Cup qualifier game against Mongolia. | [] | [
"International career"
] | [
"1996 births",
"Living people",
"Footballers from Jerusalem",
"Palestinian footballers",
"Hilal Al-Quds Club players",
"Hapoel Ashdod F.C. players",
"West Bank Premier League players",
"Palestine international footballers",
"Association football defenders"
] |
projected-71479318-003 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samer%20Jundi | Samer Jundi | Honours | Samer Jundi (; born 27 September 1996) is a Palestinian footballer who plays as a left back for West Bank Premier League club Hilal Al-Quds and the Palestine football team. | Hapoel Ashdod
Liga Gimel: 2016–17
Liga Bet: 2017–18
Hilal Al-Quds
West Bank Premier League: 2018–19 | [] | [
"Honours"
] | [
"1996 births",
"Living people",
"Footballers from Jerusalem",
"Palestinian footballers",
"Hilal Al-Quds Club players",
"Hapoel Ashdod F.C. players",
"West Bank Premier League players",
"Palestine international footballers",
"Association football defenders"
] |
projected-08555970-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/11th%20Independent%20Mixed%20Brigade%20%28Imperial%20Japanese%20Army%29 | 11th Independent Mixed Brigade (Imperial Japanese Army) | Introduction | There were two 11th Independent Mixed Brigades in the Imperial Japanese Army. | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"Independent Mixed Brigades (Imperial Japanese Army)",
"Military units and formations established in 1936",
"Military units and formations disestablished in 1937",
"Military units and formations established in 1939",
"Military units and formations disestablished in 1945",
"1936 establishments in Japan",
... | |
projected-08555970-001 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/11th%20Independent%20Mixed%20Brigade%20%28Imperial%20Japanese%20Army%29 | 11th Independent Mixed Brigade (Imperial Japanese Army) | The original 11th IMB | There were two 11th Independent Mixed Brigades in the Imperial Japanese Army. | The order of battle of the first 11th Independent Mixed Brigade in July 1937:
11th Independent Mixed Brigade
11th Independent Infantry Regiment
12th Independent Infantry Regiment
11th Independent Cavalry Company
11th Independent Field Artillery Regiment
12th Independent Mountain Gun Regiment
11th Independent Engineer Company
11th Independent Transport Company
This unit was involved in the Operation Chahar and Battle of Taiyuan in 1937, but soon after was recalled to Manchukuo where it was formed into the IJA 26th Division. | [] | [
"The original 11th IMB"
] | [
"Independent Mixed Brigades (Imperial Japanese Army)",
"Military units and formations established in 1936",
"Military units and formations disestablished in 1937",
"Military units and formations established in 1939",
"Military units and formations disestablished in 1945",
"1936 establishments in Japan",
... |
projected-08555970-002 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/11th%20Independent%20Mixed%20Brigade%20%28Imperial%20Japanese%20Army%29 | 11th Independent Mixed Brigade (Imperial Japanese Army) | The 11th IMB (1939-1945) | There were two 11th Independent Mixed Brigades in the Imperial Japanese Army. | The order of battle of the second 11th Independent Mixed Brigade, which was formed in 1939, for garrison duties in China:
11th Independent Mixed Brigade
46th Infantry Battalion
47th Infantry Battalion
48th Infantry Battalion
49th Infantry Battalion
50th Infantry Battalion
11th IMB Artillery Battalion
11th IMB Engineer Company
11th IMB Light Antiaircraft Company
11th IMB Signal Unit
The brigade was in the Battle of West Henan–North Hubei. | [] | [
"The 11th IMB (1939-1945)"
] | [
"Independent Mixed Brigades (Imperial Japanese Army)",
"Military units and formations established in 1936",
"Military units and formations disestablished in 1937",
"Military units and formations established in 1939",
"Military units and formations disestablished in 1945",
"1936 establishments in Japan",
... |
projected-08555970-003 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/11th%20Independent%20Mixed%20Brigade%20%28Imperial%20Japanese%20Army%29 | 11th Independent Mixed Brigade (Imperial Japanese Army) | See also | There were two 11th Independent Mixed Brigades in the Imperial Japanese Army. | Independent Mixed Brigades (Imperial Japanese Army) | [] | [
"See also"
] | [
"Independent Mixed Brigades (Imperial Japanese Army)",
"Military units and formations established in 1936",
"Military units and formations disestablished in 1937",
"Military units and formations established in 1939",
"Military units and formations disestablished in 1945",
"1936 establishments in Japan",
... |
projected-08555970-004 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/11th%20Independent%20Mixed%20Brigade%20%28Imperial%20Japanese%20Army%29 | 11th Independent Mixed Brigade (Imperial Japanese Army) | References | There were two 11th Independent Mixed Brigades in the Imperial Japanese Army. | Category:Independent Mixed Brigades (Imperial Japanese Army)
Category:Military units and formations established in 1936
Category:Military units and formations disestablished in 1937
Category:Military units and formations established in 1939
Category:Military units and formations disestablished in 1945
Category:1936 establishments in Japan
Category:1937 disestablishments in Japan
Category:1939 establishments in Japan
Category:1945 disestablishments in Japan | [] | [
"References"
] | [
"Independent Mixed Brigades (Imperial Japanese Army)",
"Military units and formations established in 1936",
"Military units and formations disestablished in 1937",
"Military units and formations established in 1939",
"Military units and formations disestablished in 1945",
"1936 establishments in Japan",
... |
projected-71479321-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atl%C3%A9tico%20Angel%C3%B3polis | Atlético Angelópolis | Introduction | The Club Atlético Angelópolis is a Mexican football club based in Puebla City. The club was founded in 2020, and currently plays in the Serie B of Liga Premier. | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"Association football clubs established in 2020",
"Football clubs in Puebla",
"2020 establishments in Mexico",
"Liga Premier de México"
] | |
projected-71479321-001 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atl%C3%A9tico%20Angel%C3%B3polis | Atlético Angelópolis | History | The Club Atlético Angelópolis is a Mexican football club based in Puebla City. The club was founded in 2020, and currently plays in the Serie B of Liga Premier. | The team was founded in October 2020 as Atlético Rivadavia, having its field in San Pedro Cholula, a municipality belonging to the Puebla metro area. Originally, the team participated in alternate leagues to those organized by the Mexican Football Federation.
In 2022, the team began procedures to join the FMF, finally in July the club was accepted into the Liga Premier de México, being placed in Serie B, for which it began to compete in professional soccer in Mexico. The team announced Óscar Rojas as its first manager.
This is the second professional football team in Puebla since the dissolution of Lobos BUAP in the summer of 2019. | [] | [
"History"
] | [
"Association football clubs established in 2020",
"Football clubs in Puebla",
"2020 establishments in Mexico",
"Liga Premier de México"
] |
projected-20469847-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jo%20Jo%20in%20the%20Stars | Jo Jo in the Stars | Introduction | Jo Jo in the Stars is a twelve-minute film that won the 2004 BAFTA Award for Best Animated Short Film. Created and directed by Marc Craste, it was indirectly inspired by "The Carny", a song by Nick Cave and the Bad Seeds. | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"2003 films",
"2000s animated short films",
"British animated short films",
"2003 drama films",
"Dark fantasy films",
"British black-and-white films",
"2003 computer-animated films",
"Computer-animated short films",
"Animated drama films",
"British drama films",
"2000s English-language films",
... | |
projected-20469847-001 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jo%20Jo%20in%20the%20Stars | Jo Jo in the Stars | Plot | Jo Jo in the Stars is a twelve-minute film that won the 2004 BAFTA Award for Best Animated Short Film. Created and directed by Marc Craste, it was indirectly inspired by "The Carny", a song by Nick Cave and the Bad Seeds. | Madame Pica is the cold-hearted mistress of a circus of "monsters and misfits", attended each night by thousands of curious spectators. Hero is among them every night, but he is there only to see Jo Jo, the winged trapeze artist. One night after the show, he steals the keys of the cell where Jo Jo is imprisoned, freeing her. The two escape and start to dance a romantic waltz in the stars. But soon the two lovers are discovered and as a last desperate act, hand-in-hand, they jump from the highest window in the tower. Jo Jo attempts to fly the two of them to safety, but Hero loses his grip and falls to the ground. Jo Jo is blown onto a window sill and re-captured by Madame Pica. A single feather from JoJo's wing floats to the ground, landing on Hero's apparently lifeless body.
Ten years pass, and Madame Pica is in search of some new attraction to draw in the crowds. She discovers that Hero is still alive but horribly disfigured, and takes him on as the new star of the show. He is taken to the cell next to JoJo's, and the reunited lovers embrace through the bars. | [] | [
"Plot"
] | [
"2003 films",
"2000s animated short films",
"British animated short films",
"2003 drama films",
"Dark fantasy films",
"British black-and-white films",
"2003 computer-animated films",
"Computer-animated short films",
"Animated drama films",
"British drama films",
"2000s English-language films",
... |
projected-20469847-002 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jo%20Jo%20in%20the%20Stars | Jo Jo in the Stars | Production | Jo Jo in the Stars is a twelve-minute film that won the 2004 BAFTA Award for Best Animated Short Film. Created and directed by Marc Craste, it was indirectly inspired by "The Carny", a song by Nick Cave and the Bad Seeds. | Marc Craste's original aim was to make a short film based on "The Carny", a song by Nick Cave and the Bad Seeds. He began work on a storyboard, intending it to be a "straight visual interpretation of the text", featuring live action sequences combined with 3D animation. He received encouragement from Nick Cave, but was ultimately unable to secure funding for the project.
In the following years, Craste made three one-minute films for Studio AKA, starring Madame Pica in a circus setting. Studio AKA then asked Craste to make "a longer film using the same characters, but without any murders". JoJo in the Stars was the result.
Craste's influences include David Lynch's Eraserhead (1977) and Wim Wenders's Wings of Desire (1987). | [] | [
"Production"
] | [
"2003 films",
"2000s animated short films",
"British animated short films",
"2003 drama films",
"Dark fantasy films",
"British black-and-white films",
"2003 computer-animated films",
"Computer-animated short films",
"Animated drama films",
"British drama films",
"2000s English-language films",
... |
projected-20469847-003 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jo%20Jo%20in%20the%20Stars | Jo Jo in the Stars | Personnel | Jo Jo in the Stars is a twelve-minute film that won the 2004 BAFTA Award for Best Animated Short Film. Created and directed by Marc Craste, it was indirectly inspired by "The Carny", a song by Nick Cave and the Bad Seeds. | Marc Craste - Director, Writer
Sue Goffe - Producer, Executive producer
Oliver Miceli – voice
Andrew Stirk – voice
Mike Cachuela - Storyboard Artist (uncredited)
Dominic Griffiths - Animator
Boris Kossmehl - Animator
Fabienne Rivory - Animator
William Eagar - Editor
Melissa Lake – foley artist
Ben Meechan – sound editor
Barnaby Smith – foley editor
Michele Woods – sound mixer
Hilary Wyatt – supervising sound editor
Ren Pesci - Production Assistant
Lindsay Fraine - Production Assistant | [] | [
"Production",
"Personnel"
] | [
"2003 films",
"2000s animated short films",
"British animated short films",
"2003 drama films",
"Dark fantasy films",
"British black-and-white films",
"2003 computer-animated films",
"Computer-animated short films",
"Animated drama films",
"British drama films",
"2000s English-language films",
... |
projected-20469847-004 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jo%20Jo%20in%20the%20Stars | Jo Jo in the Stars | Awards | Jo Jo in the Stars is a twelve-minute film that won the 2004 BAFTA Award for Best Animated Short Film. Created and directed by Marc Craste, it was indirectly inspired by "The Carny", a song by Nick Cave and the Bad Seeds. | Jo Jo in the Stars has won the following awards:
The film has been screened at more than 80 festivals to date, including: Melbourne International Film Festival Short Film Competition, Sydney Film Festival, Anima Mundi, Cinémathèque québécoise, Prend ça court! (Montreal), Zagreb Film Festival, Tampere Film Festival, Annecy International Animated Film Festival (CICA), Festival Némo (Paris), Tübingen International Short Film Festival, Wiesbaden International Weekend of Animation, Holland Animation Film Festival, Holland Youth Film Festival, l0110 (India), Darklight Festival (Ireland), Cartoombria (Perugia), Castelli Animati (Genzano di Roma), Kraków Film Festival, IndieLisboa, Vila do Conde, Donostia Kultura, Sitges Film Festival, SWAMP (Switzerland), British Animation Awards (BAA), Edinburgh International Film Festival (EIFF), Glastonbury Festival, onedotzero, Raindance Film Festival (London), Rêl Institiwt (Real Institute; Wales), Soho Shorts Film Festival, SAND, Independent Film Festival of Boston, Los Angeles Film Festival, Tallgrass Film Festival, and The World According to Shorts in 2004.
Adelaide Film Festival, Anima, Hong Kong InDPanda International Short Film Festival, Tehran International Animation Festival, Skopje Film Festival, Norwegian Film Institute, Future Shorts (South Africa), Fantoche Film Festival (Switzerland), Draken Film Festival (Sweden), Stockholm International Film Festival, Golden Horse Film Festival, Turkey British Council (tour of Turkey), Animated Encounters (UK), Animex (University of Teesside), Cambridge Film Festival, Cinemagic, Commonwealth Film Fest (Manchester), Hertfordshire International Film Festival (HIFF), London Institute's Arts Festival, Northern Film Network (UK), Norwich Film Festival, Antelope Valley Independent Film Festival, Brooklyn In Film Fest, Milwaukee International Film Festival, Portland International Film Festival, REDCAT, Red Stick International Animation Festival (Louisiana) in 2005.
Singapore RestFest, Bucharest Festival, Short bl Movifest (Russia), Kyiv IFF Molodist Festival, Animacor (Spain), Flip Animation Festival (UK), and Milwaukee International Film Festival in 2006. Ankara Uluslararasi Film Festivali (International Film Festival), Taiwan International Animation Festival, and CineGuernsey (Guernsey) in 2007. Berlin International Film Festival, Lucca Animation, Brussels Short Film Festival, Rooftop Films, Fresh Film Festival in 2008. | [] | [
"Awards"
] | [
"2003 films",
"2000s animated short films",
"British animated short films",
"2003 drama films",
"Dark fantasy films",
"British black-and-white films",
"2003 computer-animated films",
"Computer-animated short films",
"Animated drama films",
"British drama films",
"2000s English-language films",
... |
projected-71479322-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shaylee%20Gonzales | Shaylee Gonzales | Introduction | Shaylee Gonzales (born May 2, 2000) is an American college basketball player for the Texas Longhorns of the Big 12 Conference. She previously played for the BYU Cougars. | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"2000 births",
"Living people",
"American women's basketball players",
"Basketball players from Arizona",
"People from Gilbert, Arizona",
"Point guards",
"Shooting guards",
"BYU Cougars women's basketball players"
] | |
projected-71479322-001 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shaylee%20Gonzales | Shaylee Gonzales | High school career | Shaylee Gonzales (born May 2, 2000) is an American college basketball player for the Texas Longhorns of the Big 12 Conference. She previously played for the BYU Cougars. | Gonzales played basketball for Mesquite High School in Gilbert, Arizona, where she was coached by her mother, Candice. As a junior, she averaged 19.8 points, 5.7 steals and 6.6 assists per game, leading her team to a 31–1 record and its first Class 5A state championship. She was named Arizona Gatorade Player of the Year. In her senior season, Gonzales averaged 21 points, 7.7 rebounds and five steals per game, helping Mesquite reach the Class 5A state title game. A three-star recruit, she committed to playing college basketball for BYU. | [] | [
"High school career"
] | [
"2000 births",
"Living people",
"American women's basketball players",
"Basketball players from Arizona",
"People from Gilbert, Arizona",
"Point guards",
"Shooting guards",
"BYU Cougars women's basketball players"
] |
projected-71479322-002 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shaylee%20Gonzales | Shaylee Gonzales | College career | Shaylee Gonzales (born May 2, 2000) is an American college basketball player for the Texas Longhorns of the Big 12 Conference. She previously played for the BYU Cougars. | In the second round of the 2019 NCAA tournament, Gonzales scored a freshman season-high 32 points in a 72–63 loss to Stanford. As a freshman, she averaged 17 points, 5.6 rebounds and 4.1 assists per game, earning first-team All-West Coast Conference (WCC) and Newcomer of the Year honors. Gonzales was sidelined for her second season with a torn anterior cruciate ligament and meniscus in her right knee. She made her sophomore debut on November 27, 2020, scoring a season-high 30 points in a 67–51 win against LSU. Gonzales averaged 17.8 points, 5.3 rebounds and 3.6 assists per game as a sophomore. She shared the WCC Player of the Year award with Jenn Wirth and repeated as a first-team All-WCC selection. On February 12, 2022, Gonzales recorded a career-high 35 points, seven steals and six assists in an 84–69 win over Saint Mary's. She was named WCC Player of the Year and made the first-team All-WCC for a third time, averaging 18.3 points, 5.9 rebounds and 4.5 assists per game.
After her junior season at BYU and the departure of head coach Jeff Judkins, Gonzales entered the transfer portal. On July 11, 2022, she announced that she would transfer to Texas. | [] | [
"College career"
] | [
"2000 births",
"Living people",
"American women's basketball players",
"Basketball players from Arizona",
"People from Gilbert, Arizona",
"Point guards",
"Shooting guards",
"BYU Cougars women's basketball players"
] |
projected-71479322-003 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shaylee%20Gonzales | Shaylee Gonzales | Personal life | Shaylee Gonzales (born May 2, 2000) is an American college basketball player for the Texas Longhorns of the Big 12 Conference. She previously played for the BYU Cougars. | Gonzales is the daughter of Josh and Candice Gonzales, both of whom played college basketball for Grand Canyon. Her parents work in real estate and own a home health company. In high school, Gonzales launched Sincerely Shaylee, a photography business. She has a large social media following on platforms including TikTok and YouTube. Gonzales has signed name, image and likeness deals with Mountain America Credit Union, among other companies. In college, she majors in journalism with a focus on sports media. | [] | [
"Personal life"
] | [
"2000 births",
"Living people",
"American women's basketball players",
"Basketball players from Arizona",
"People from Gilbert, Arizona",
"Point guards",
"Shooting guards",
"BYU Cougars women's basketball players"
] |
projected-06902591-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guy%20Middleton | Guy Middleton | Introduction | Guy Middleton Powell (14 December 1906 – 30 July 1973), better known as Guy Middleton, was an English film character actor. | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"1906 births",
"1973 deaths",
"English male film actors",
"English male television actors",
"People from Hove",
"20th-century English male actors",
"People from Moreton-in-Marsh"
] | |
projected-06902591-001 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guy%20Middleton | Guy Middleton | Biography | Guy Middleton Powell (14 December 1906 – 30 July 1973), better known as Guy Middleton, was an English film character actor. | Guy Middleton was born in Hove, Sussex, and originally worked in the London Stock Exchange, before turning to acting in the 1930s. In his earlier films he often portrayed amiable idiots, scoundrels and rakish bon vivants, but many of his later roles were military officers in the British Army, RAF or Royal Navy. He died in 1973, following a heart attack, aged 66. | [] | [
"Biography"
] | [
"1906 births",
"1973 deaths",
"English male film actors",
"English male television actors",
"People from Hove",
"20th-century English male actors",
"People from Moreton-in-Marsh"
] |
projected-06902591-003 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guy%20Middleton | Guy Middleton | Film | Guy Middleton Powell (14 December 1906 – 30 July 1973), better known as Guy Middleton, was an English film character actor. | Jimmy Boy (1935) .... The Count
Two Hearts in Harmony (1935) .... Mario
Trust the Navy (1935) .... Lieutenant Richmond
Under Proof (1936) .... Bruce
Fame (1936) .... Lester Cordwell
A Woman Alone (1936) .... Alioshka
The Gay Adventure (1936) .... Aram
Take a Chance (1937) .... Richard Carfax
Keep Fit (1937) .... Hector Kent
Break the News (1938) .... Englishman
The Mysterious Mr. Davis (1939) .... Milton
Goodbye Mr Chips (1939) .... McCulloch (uncredited)
French Without Tears (1940) .... Brian Curtis
For Freedom (1940) .... Pierre
Dangerous Moonlight (1941, also known as Suicide Squadron) .... Shorty
Talk About Jacqueline (1942) .... Captain Tony Brook
The Demi-Paradise (1943) .... Dick Christian
The Halfway House (1944) .... Fortescue
English Without Tears (1944) .... Captain Standish
Champagne Charlie (1944) .... Tipsy Swell
29 Acacia Avenue (1945) .... Gerald Jones
The Rake's Progress (1945, also known as Notorious Gentleman) .... Fogroy
The Captive Heart (1946) .... Capt. Jim Grayson
Night Boat to Dublin (1946) .... Capt. Tony Hunter
A Man About the House (1947) .... Sir Benjamin "Ben" Dench
The White Unicorn (1947) .... Fobey
Snowbound (1948) .... Gilbert Mayne
One Night with You (1948) .... Matty
Once Upon a Dream (1949) .... Major Gilbert
Marry Me! (1949) .... Sir Gordon Blake
No Place for Jennifer (1950) .... Brian Stewart
The Happiest Days of Your Life (1950) .... Victor Hyde-Brown
The Third Visitor (1951) .... Inspector Mallory
Laughter in Paradise (1951) .... Simon Russell
Young Wives' Tale (1951) .... Victor Manifold
Never Look Back (1952) .... Guy Ransome
The Fake (1953) .... Smith
Albert R.N. (1953, also known as Break to Freedom) .... Bongo
Front Page Story (1954) .... Gentle
Conflict of Wings (1954) .... Adjutant
Malaga (1954) .... Soames Howard
The Belles of St. Trinian's (1954) .... Eric Rowbottom-Smith
The Sea Shall Not Have Them (1954) .... Squadron Leader Scott
The Harassed Hero (1954) .... Murray Selwyn
Break in the Circle (1955) .... Maj. Hobart
Make Me an Offer (1955) .... Armstrong
Gentlemen Marry Brunettes (1955) .... Earl of Wickenware
A Yank in Ermine (1955) .... Bertram Maltravers
Now and Forever (1956) .... Hector
Doctor at Large (1957) .... Major Porter
Let's Be Happy (1957) .... Mr. Fielding
Passionate Summer (1958) .... Duffield
Escort for Hire (1960) .... Arthur Vickers
Waltz of the Toreadors (1962) .... Drunken Fox Hunter (uncredited)
The Fur Collar (1962) .... Resident
What Every Woman Wants (1962) .... George Barker
The Mini-Affair (1967) .... Colonel Highwater
Oh! What a Lovely War (1969) .... General Sir William Robertson
The Magic Christian (1969) .... Duke of Mantisbriar (uncredited)
The Rise and Rise of Michael Rimmer (1970) .... Potter (final film role) | [] | [
"Selected filmography",
"Film"
] | [
"1906 births",
"1973 deaths",
"English male film actors",
"English male television actors",
"People from Hove",
"20th-century English male actors",
"People from Moreton-in-Marsh"
] |
projected-06902591-004 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guy%20Middleton | Guy Middleton | Television appearances | Guy Middleton Powell (14 December 1906 – 30 July 1973), better known as Guy Middleton, was an English film character actor. | He appeared in a number of television series as a guest character including:
Hancock's Half Hour (broadcast November 4th., 1957) - 'The Regimental Reunion', episode - Ex-Captain - (series 3, episode 6) - (Riverside Studios, Studio 1, Hammersmith) - (This is one of twenty-four missing Hancock television episodes, (to date).
Dixon of Dock Green (1959) - Fred Harper
Doctor Who (1967, Episode: "The Highlanders") - Colonel Attwood | [] | [
"Selected filmography",
"Television appearances"
] | [
"1906 births",
"1973 deaths",
"English male film actors",
"English male television actors",
"People from Hove",
"20th-century English male actors",
"People from Moreton-in-Marsh"
] |
projected-06902591-005 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guy%20Middleton | Guy Middleton | References | Guy Middleton Powell (14 December 1906 – 30 July 1973), better known as Guy Middleton, was an English film character actor. | Halliwell's Who's Who in the Movies; 14th ed (2001) editor John Walker - published by Harper-Collins;
The Film Encyclopedia by Ephraim Katz, Collins; | [] | [
"References"
] | [
"1906 births",
"1973 deaths",
"English male film actors",
"English male television actors",
"People from Hove",
"20th-century English male actors",
"People from Moreton-in-Marsh"
] |
projected-06902608-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mister%20Blues | Mister Blues | Introduction | Mister Blues may refer to:
Wynonie Harris (1915–1969) (aka Mister Blues), an American blues shouter and rhythm and blues singer
"Mister Blues", a song bye Moby Grape from their 1967 album Moby Grape
"Mister Blues", Blues Band from Germany. | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [] | |
projected-71479355-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Next%20Vojvodina%20provincial%20election | Next Vojvodina provincial election | Introduction | Provincial elections will be held in Vojvodina before 2024 to elect members of the Assembly of Vojvodina, alongside local elections in most municipalities of Serbia. | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"Elections in Vojvodina",
"21st century in Vojvodina"
] | |
projected-71479355-001 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Next%20Vojvodina%20provincial%20election | Next Vojvodina provincial election | Background | Provincial elections will be held in Vojvodina before 2024 to elect members of the Assembly of Vojvodina, alongside local elections in most municipalities of Serbia. | In the 2020 Vojvodina provincial election populist Serbian Progressive Party, which has been the ruling party in Vojvodina since 2016, won a majority of Seats. Only 20 deputies in the Vojvodina assembly are in the opposition, due to a boycott by most opposition parties. | [] | [
"Background"
] | [
"Elections in Vojvodina",
"21st century in Vojvodina"
] |
projected-71479355-002 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Next%20Vojvodina%20provincial%20election | Next Vojvodina provincial election | Electoral system | Provincial elections will be held in Vojvodina before 2024 to elect members of the Assembly of Vojvodina, alongside local elections in most municipalities of Serbia. | The 120 members of the Assembly are elected by closed-list proportional representation from a single provincial constituency. Seats are allocated using the d'Hondt method with an electoral threshold of 3% of all votes cast (lowered from 5% at the previous elections) although the threshold is waived for ethnic minority parties. | [] | [
"Electoral system"
] | [
"Elections in Vojvodina",
"21st century in Vojvodina"
] |
projected-71479355-003 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Next%20Vojvodina%20provincial%20election | Next Vojvodina provincial election | References | Provincial elections will be held in Vojvodina before 2024 to elect members of the Assembly of Vojvodina, alongside local elections in most municipalities of Serbia. | Category:Elections in Vojvodina
Category:21st century in Vojvodina | [] | [
"References"
] | [
"Elections in Vojvodina",
"21st century in Vojvodina"
] |
projected-20469854-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Everts%20Air | Everts Air | Introduction | Everts Air is an American airline based in Fairbanks, Alaska, United States. It operates scheduled and charter airline cargo as well as passenger services within Alaska and Canada. Its main base is Fairbanks International Airport with its major hub at Ted Stevens Anchorage International Airport. The company slogan is Legendary Aircraft. Extraordinary Service. | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"Airlines based in Alaska",
"Cargo airlines of the United States",
"Airlines established in 1978",
"Regional airlines of the United States",
"Companies based in Fairbanks, Alaska",
"1978 establishments in Alaska",
"American companies established in 1978"
] | |
projected-20469854-001 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Everts%20Air | Everts Air | History | Everts Air is an American airline based in Fairbanks, Alaska, United States. It operates scheduled and charter airline cargo as well as passenger services within Alaska and Canada. Its main base is Fairbanks International Airport with its major hub at Ted Stevens Anchorage International Airport. The company slogan is Legendary Aircraft. Extraordinary Service. | A family-owned business run by Robert W. Everts who created Tatonduk Flying Service in 1977 with a single Cessna 180 aircraft to provide air transportation for miners in the remote places of Alaska. Since 1980, his father, Clifford R. Everts, has owned and operated Everts Air Fuel Inc., which specializes in airlifting flammable and hazardous materials.
In 1993 the airline, originally Federal Aviation Regulations Part 135 certified (Commuter and On-Demand Operations), became FAR Part 121 certified (Domestic, Flag, and Supplemental Operations) as Tatonduk Outfitters Limited purchased Everts Air. With the introduction of larger aircraft like the Douglas DC-6B and Curtiss-Wright C-46 Commando the company split between Everts Air Alaska and Everts Air Cargo. | [] | [
"History"
] | [
"Airlines based in Alaska",
"Cargo airlines of the United States",
"Airlines established in 1978",
"Regional airlines of the United States",
"Companies based in Fairbanks, Alaska",
"1978 establishments in Alaska",
"American companies established in 1978"
] |
projected-20469854-002 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Everts%20Air | Everts Air | Operating the Douglas DC-6 | Everts Air is an American airline based in Fairbanks, Alaska, United States. It operates scheduled and charter airline cargo as well as passenger services within Alaska and Canada. Its main base is Fairbanks International Airport with its major hub at Ted Stevens Anchorage International Airport. The company slogan is Legendary Aircraft. Extraordinary Service. | Since Northern Air Cargo abandoned their regular service with the Douglas DC-6, Everts Air Cargo is the last airline in the United States to operate scheduled flights with a rather large fleet of 60-year-old piston-powered aircraft. In a 2007 video interview, the Anchorage Station Manager stated that the DC-6 was still considered to be a valuable aircraft for operations in the harsh conditions of Alaska, with excellent landing and takeoff performance on gravel runways. The downside is the difficulty to find Avgas and the maintenance labor cost. Everts Air Cargo estimates a ratio of 12 hours of maintenance for every single flying hour. Spare parts could also be a problem but Everts Air Cargo anticipates they will have enough in stock to keep the last DC-6 flying beyond 2020. | [
"Everts Air Cargo DC-6 lifting off from ANC (IMG 1390a).jpg"
] | [
"Operating the Douglas DC-6"
] | [
"Airlines based in Alaska",
"Cargo airlines of the United States",
"Airlines established in 1978",
"Regional airlines of the United States",
"Companies based in Fairbanks, Alaska",
"1978 establishments in Alaska",
"American companies established in 1978"
] |
projected-20469854-003 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Everts%20Air | Everts Air | Zero Gravity Corporation Boeing 727 | Everts Air is an American airline based in Fairbanks, Alaska, United States. It operates scheduled and charter airline cargo as well as passenger services within Alaska and Canada. Its main base is Fairbanks International Airport with its major hub at Ted Stevens Anchorage International Airport. The company slogan is Legendary Aircraft. Extraordinary Service. | Since 2015 Everts Air has operated a Boeing 727-227F for the Zero Gravity Corporation (also known as ZERO-G), which previously operated with Amerijet International. The aircraft is based in the Contiguous United States and operates weightless flights. Unlike NASA, ZERO-G is governed under Part 121 of FAA regulations, enabling the company to cater to both tourists and researchers alike. | [] | [
"Zero Gravity Corporation Boeing 727"
] | [
"Airlines based in Alaska",
"Cargo airlines of the United States",
"Airlines established in 1978",
"Regional airlines of the United States",
"Companies based in Fairbanks, Alaska",
"1978 establishments in Alaska",
"American companies established in 1978"
] |
projected-20469854-004 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Everts%20Air | Everts Air | Destinations | Everts Air is an American airline based in Fairbanks, Alaska, United States. It operates scheduled and charter airline cargo as well as passenger services within Alaska and Canada. Its main base is Fairbanks International Airport with its major hub at Ted Stevens Anchorage International Airport. The company slogan is Legendary Aircraft. Extraordinary Service. | Everts Air operates scheduled freight and passengers services to the following domestic destinations:
Allakaket (AET) - Allakaket Airport
Anaktuvuk Pass (AKP) - Anaktuvuk Pass Airport
Anchorage (ANC) - Ted Stevens Anchorage International Airport (hub)
Aniak (ANI) - Aniak Airport
Arctic Village (ARC) - Arctic Village Airport
Barrow (BRW) - Wiley Post–Will Rogers Memorial Airport
Beaver (WBQ) - Beaver Airport
Bethel (BET) -Bethel Airport
Bettles (BTT) - Bettles Airport
Dillingham (DLG) - Dillingham Airport
Eagle (EAA) - Eagle Airport
Emmonak (EMK) - Emmonak Airport
Fairbanks (FAI) - Fairbanks International Airport (hub)
Fort Yukon (FYU) - Fort Yukon Airport
Galena (GAL) - Edward G. Pitka Sr. Airport
Iliamna (ILI) - Iliamna Airport
King Salmon (AKN) - King Salmon Airport (hub)
Kotzebue (OTZ) - Ralph Wien Memorial Airport
Lake Minchumina (MHM/LMA) - Minchumina Airport
Nome (OME) - Nome Airport
Prudhoe Bay (SCC) - Deadhorse Airport
St. Mary's (KSM) - St. Mary's Airport
Unalakleet (UNK) - Unalakleet Airport
Venetie (VEE) - Venetie Airport | [] | [
"Destinations"
] | [
"Airlines based in Alaska",
"Cargo airlines of the United States",
"Airlines established in 1978",
"Regional airlines of the United States",
"Companies based in Fairbanks, Alaska",
"1978 establishments in Alaska",
"American companies established in 1978"
] |
projected-20469854-005 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Everts%20Air | Everts Air | Fleet | Everts Air is an American airline based in Fairbanks, Alaska, United States. It operates scheduled and charter airline cargo as well as passenger services within Alaska and Canada. Its main base is Fairbanks International Airport with its major hub at Ted Stevens Anchorage International Airport. The company slogan is Legendary Aircraft. Extraordinary Service. | Everts Air fleet includes:
2 Air Tractor AT-802 configured to carry fuel for Everts Air Fuel operations
1 Boeing 727-227F operated for Zero Gravity Corporation
1 Cessna 180
1 Cessna 206H
1 Cessna C208B Grand Caravan
1 Curtiss-Wright C-46D
1 Curtiss-Wright C-46F
2 Curtiss-Wright C-46R
6 Douglas DC-6A
2 Douglas DC-6B
2 Douglas DC-9-32F
6 Douglas DC-9-33F
2 Douglas DC-9-41
7 Douglas C-118A
3 Embraer EMB 120 Brasilia
2 McDonnell Douglas MD-82
6 McDonnell Douglas MD-83
2 Pilatus PC-12/47
2 Piper PA-32R-300
Twelve of the above aircraft (two DC-9, two MD-80, seven DC-6 and one C-46) are inactive or in storage.
In July 2020 Everts Air Cargo acquired six Cessna 208 at Ravn Alaska's bankruptcy auction. | [
"Everts Air Cargo C-46 leaving ANC for the Bush (6479960089).jpg",
"N747CE (32430924578).jpg",
"N965CE (45231951854).jpg"
] | [
"Fleet"
] | [
"Airlines based in Alaska",
"Cargo airlines of the United States",
"Airlines established in 1978",
"Regional airlines of the United States",
"Companies based in Fairbanks, Alaska",
"1978 establishments in Alaska",
"American companies established in 1978"
] |
projected-71479501-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Say%20It%20with%20Music%20%281929%20film%29 | Say It with Music (1929 film) | Introduction | Say It with Music (Swedish: Säg det i toner) is a 1929 Swedish musical film directed by Edvin Adolphson and Julius Jaenzon and starring Håkan Westergren, Elisabeth Frisk and Stina Berg. It was shot at the Råsunda Studios in Stockholm with a soundtrack added in a Berlin studio that had been converted to sound. The film's sets were designed by the art director Vilhelm Bryde. It came during the switch from silent to sound film and lacks any dialogue. It was one of three Swedish films released that year that including some element of sound, and came at a time when film production was in crisis with no films released during the first nine months of 1929. It is also known by the alternative title The Dream Waltz. | [
"Say It with Music (1929 film).jpg"
] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"1929 films",
"Swedish musical films",
"1929 musical films",
"1920s Swedish-language films",
"Swedish black-and-white films",
"Films directed by Edvin Adolphson",
"1920s Swedish films"
] | |
projected-71479501-001 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Say%20It%20with%20Music%20%281929%20film%29 | Say It with Music (1929 film) | Cast | Say It with Music (Swedish: Säg det i toner) is a 1929 Swedish musical film directed by Edvin Adolphson and Julius Jaenzon and starring Håkan Westergren, Elisabeth Frisk and Stina Berg. It was shot at the Råsunda Studios in Stockholm with a soundtrack added in a Berlin studio that had been converted to sound. The film's sets were designed by the art director Vilhelm Bryde. It came during the switch from silent to sound film and lacks any dialogue. It was one of three Swedish films released that year that including some element of sound, and came at a time when film production was in crisis with no films released during the first nine months of 1929. It is also known by the alternative title The Dream Waltz. | Håkan Westergren as Olof Svensson
Stina Berg as Mrs. Svensson
Elisabeth Frisk as Lisa Lindahl
Tore Svennberg as Mr. Lindahl
Jenny Hasselqvist as Mrs. Lindahl
Margit Manstad as Ingrid Mårtenson
Edvin Adolphson as Mrs. Lindahl's lover
Erik Malmberg as Man
Axel Nilsson as Man
Björn Berglund as Nutte
Helga Brofeldt as Woman at restaurant
Ossian Brofeldt as Husband at restaurant
Knut Frankman as Docker
Karl Gerhard as Self
Eric Gustafson as Man who borrows matches
Justus Hagman as Cashier
Sture Lagerwall as Olof's friend
Herman Lantz as Docker at accident
Thyra Leijman-Uppström as Maid
Otto Malmberg as Servant
Nils Ohlin as Man at music publishing company
Aina Rosén as Clerk at music publishing company
Stina Ståhle as Clerk at music publishing company
Åke Uppström as Olof's friend
Astrid Wedberg as Lindahl's Maid
Karl Wehle as The great composer
Kurt Welin as Student | [] | [
"Cast"
] | [
"1929 films",
"Swedish musical films",
"1929 musical films",
"1920s Swedish-language films",
"Swedish black-and-white films",
"Films directed by Edvin Adolphson",
"1920s Swedish films"
] |
projected-71479501-003 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Say%20It%20with%20Music%20%281929%20film%29 | Say It with Music (1929 film) | Bibliography | Say It with Music (Swedish: Säg det i toner) is a 1929 Swedish musical film directed by Edvin Adolphson and Julius Jaenzon and starring Håkan Westergren, Elisabeth Frisk and Stina Berg. It was shot at the Råsunda Studios in Stockholm with a soundtrack added in a Berlin studio that had been converted to sound. The film's sets were designed by the art director Vilhelm Bryde. It came during the switch from silent to sound film and lacks any dialogue. It was one of three Swedish films released that year that including some element of sound, and came at a time when film production was in crisis with no films released during the first nine months of 1929. It is also known by the alternative title The Dream Waltz. | Gustafsson, Tommy. Masculinity in the Golden Age of Swedish Cinema: A Cultural Analysis of 1920s Films. McFarland, 2014. | [] | [
"Bibliography"
] | [
"1929 films",
"Swedish musical films",
"1929 musical films",
"1920s Swedish-language films",
"Swedish black-and-white films",
"Films directed by Edvin Adolphson",
"1920s Swedish films"
] |
projected-08555974-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marineland%20of%20Antibes | Marineland of Antibes | Introduction | The Marineland of Antibes is a theme park founded in 1970 by Roland de La Poype in Antibes (Alpes-Maritimes), in the French Riviera. On 26 hectares it includes a marine zoological park with dolphinarium, a water park (Aquasplash), a children's play park (Kid's Island), mini golf (Aventure Golf) and a three-star hotel (Marineland Resort). It is the property of the Spanish multinational company Parques Reunidos, whose majority shareholder is the British investment fund Arle Capital Partners. The current director is Arnaud Palu.
It is one of the four French dolphinariums and one of the two European dolphinariums presenting orcas. With 1.2 million visitors in 2014, it's the most visited site of the Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur region. The zoological park is one of the most visited in France.
Since the 2010s, it is more and more criticised by the opponents to cetacean captivity, which claims that dolphinariums can't assure captivity conditions that fits to the proper needs of those species. They also claim that this leads to more premature mortality of individuals. | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"Zoos in France",
"Aquaria in France",
"Organizations based in Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur",
"Tourist attractions in Alpes-Maritimes",
"Oceanaria",
"1970 establishments in France",
"Zoos established in 1970",
"Parques Reunidos"
] | |
projected-08555974-001 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marineland%20of%20Antibes | Marineland of Antibes | History | The Marineland of Antibes is a theme park founded in 1970 by Roland de La Poype in Antibes (Alpes-Maritimes), in the French Riviera. On 26 hectares it includes a marine zoological park with dolphinarium, a water park (Aquasplash), a children's play park (Kid's Island), mini golf (Aventure Golf) and a three-star hotel (Marineland Resort). It is the property of the Spanish multinational company Parques Reunidos, whose majority shareholder is the British investment fund Arle Capital Partners. The current director is Arnaud Palu.
It is one of the four French dolphinariums and one of the two European dolphinariums presenting orcas. With 1.2 million visitors in 2014, it's the most visited site of the Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur region. The zoological park is one of the most visited in France.
Since the 2010s, it is more and more criticised by the opponents to cetacean captivity, which claims that dolphinariums can't assure captivity conditions that fits to the proper needs of those species. They also claim that this leads to more premature mortality of individuals. | On July 25, 2006, the park was sold to the Spanish amusement park group Parques Reunidos for about €75 million. | [] | [
"History"
] | [
"Zoos in France",
"Aquaria in France",
"Organizations based in Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur",
"Tourist attractions in Alpes-Maritimes",
"Oceanaria",
"1970 establishments in France",
"Zoos established in 1970",
"Parques Reunidos"
] |
projected-08555974-002 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marineland%20of%20Antibes | Marineland of Antibes | Animal exhibits | The Marineland of Antibes is a theme park founded in 1970 by Roland de La Poype in Antibes (Alpes-Maritimes), in the French Riviera. On 26 hectares it includes a marine zoological park with dolphinarium, a water park (Aquasplash), a children's play park (Kid's Island), mini golf (Aventure Golf) and a three-star hotel (Marineland Resort). It is the property of the Spanish multinational company Parques Reunidos, whose majority shareholder is the British investment fund Arle Capital Partners. The current director is Arnaud Palu.
It is one of the four French dolphinariums and one of the two European dolphinariums presenting orcas. With 1.2 million visitors in 2014, it's the most visited site of the Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur region. The zoological park is one of the most visited in France.
Since the 2010s, it is more and more criticised by the opponents to cetacean captivity, which claims that dolphinariums can't assure captivity conditions that fits to the proper needs of those species. They also claim that this leads to more premature mortality of individuals. | Killer whale show
The largest killer whale pool complex in the world performing in of water, with a panoramic glass wall long. Marineland holds four orcas: Inouk, Wikie, Moana and Keijo.
Dolphin show
Marineland is currently housing (Apr 2020) a total of 12 bottlenose dolphins. The name of the dolphins are: Malou (F), Sharky (F), Rocky (M), Dam (M), Neo (M), Nala (F), Tux (M), Ania (F), Jo (F), Kai (M), Luà (F) and Ollie (F).
Les Coulisses de l'apprentissage (sea lion show)
A live demonstration of the learning techniques used with all the mammals in the park, in which the seal and sea lion trainers disclose some of the "ropes" for preparing the show, to better understand the basis of the relationship between humans and animals.
The shark tunnel
In a tunnel through an aquarium containing nearly of water, visitors are surrounded by sharks and manta rays.
Polar bears
Marineland is one of few places in Europe where one can see polar bears. As of 2020, there are 4 of them: one female (Flocke) and her 3 babies: Tala (F), Indiana (M) and Yuma (M).
Life under the sea (The tropical aquarium gallery and The touch pool)
The tropical aquarium gallery shows the world of coral reefs, and the touch pool is a chance to touch skates and rays - fish that seem to "fly" in the water.
Pinnipeds
Beaches featuring California sea lions, South American sea lions, black seals and grey seals.
Aquatic birds
Beaches featuring penguins, pelicans and flamingos.
Meeting with dolphins
Each session lasts approximately 1 hour, to discover the biology and ecology of dolphins, before approaching the dolphins for 20 minutes under close supervision by trainers on a sunken deck. | [
"Funala55.JPG",
"Zalotttt.JPG",
"Orso Bianco Antibes.JPG"
] | [
"Animal exhibits"
] | [
"Zoos in France",
"Aquaria in France",
"Organizations based in Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur",
"Tourist attractions in Alpes-Maritimes",
"Oceanaria",
"1970 establishments in France",
"Zoos established in 1970",
"Parques Reunidos"
] |
projected-20469864-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tethydidae | Tethydidae | Introduction | Tethydidae is a family of dendronotid nudibranch gastropod mollusks in the superfamily Tritonioidea.
The original spelling (subfamily) is Tethydia. It was placed on the Official List by Opinion 1182 of ICZN (1981: 174), which also ruled that the name should be corrected to Tethydidae (Bouchet & Rocroi, 2005). | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"Tethydidae",
"Taxa named by Constantine Samuel Rafinesque"
] | |
projected-20469864-001 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tethydidae | Tethydidae | Taxonomy | Tethydidae is a family of dendronotid nudibranch gastropod mollusks in the superfamily Tritonioidea.
The original spelling (subfamily) is Tethydia. It was placed on the Official List by Opinion 1182 of ICZN (1981: 174), which also ruled that the name should be corrected to Tethydidae (Bouchet & Rocroi, 2005). | This family is within the clade Cladobranchia and has no subfamilies (according to the taxonomy of the Gastropoda by Bouchet & Rocroi, 2005). | [] | [
"Taxonomy"
] | [
"Tethydidae",
"Taxa named by Constantine Samuel Rafinesque"
] |
projected-20469864-002 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tethydidae | Tethydidae | Genera | Tethydidae is a family of dendronotid nudibranch gastropod mollusks in the superfamily Tritonioidea.
The original spelling (subfamily) is Tethydia. It was placed on the Official List by Opinion 1182 of ICZN (1981: 174), which also ruled that the name should be corrected to Tethydidae (Bouchet & Rocroi, 2005). | There are two genera within the family Tethydidae:
Melibe Rang, 1829
Tethys Linnaeus, 1767 - the type genus,
Genera brought into synonymy
Chioraera Gould, 1852 accepted as Melibe Rang, 1829
Fimbria O'Donoghue, 1926: synonym of Tethys Linnaeus, 1767 (invalid: junior homonym of Fimbria Megerle, 1811.)
Jacunia de Filippi, 1867 accepted as Melibe Rang, 1829
Melibaea synonym of Melibe Rang, 1829
Meliboea [sic] : Melibe Rang, 1829 (incorrect subsequent spelling [by Forbes, 1838] of Melibe Rang, 1829)
Propemelibe Allan, 1932 accepted as Melibe Rang, 1829 | [] | [
"Genera"
] | [
"Tethydidae",
"Taxa named by Constantine Samuel Rafinesque"
] |
projected-20469864-003 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tethydidae | Tethydidae | Description | Tethydidae is a family of dendronotid nudibranch gastropod mollusks in the superfamily Tritonioidea.
The original spelling (subfamily) is Tethydia. It was placed on the Official List by Opinion 1182 of ICZN (1981: 174), which also ruled that the name should be corrected to Tethydidae (Bouchet & Rocroi, 2005). | Species in this family do not possess a radula. | [] | [
"Description"
] | [
"Tethydidae",
"Taxa named by Constantine Samuel Rafinesque"
] |
projected-08555979-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Law%20and%20Order%20%281932%20film%29 | Law and Order (1932 film) | Introduction | Law and Order is a 1932 American pre-Code Western film starring Walter Huston, Harry Carey, Andy Devine, Russell Hopton and Russell Simpson. It was the first movie to depict the Gunfight at the O.K. Corral, in Tombstone, Arizona.
The film is based on the novel Saint Johnson, by W. R. Burnett. Walter Huston plays the part of lawman Frame Johnson, a fictionalized version of Wyatt Earp, and Russell Hopton plays his brother Luther Johnson. One of the best early Westerns in its character development, Law and Order features a script by John Huston, Walter's soon-to-be-famous son, and Tom Reed, who provided dialog for many movies in the 1930s and 1940s. Because of changes made during the film's production, all scenes involving the actress Lois Wilson were cut prior to the film's release. | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"1932 films",
"1930s English-language films",
"1932 Western (genre) films",
"Films based on American novels",
"Films based on works by W. R. Burnett",
"Films directed by Edward L. Cahn",
"American Western (genre) films",
"American black-and-white films",
"Cultural depictions of Wyatt Earp",
"Unive... | |
projected-08555979-001 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Law%20and%20Order%20%281932%20film%29 | Law and Order (1932 film) | Cast | Law and Order is a 1932 American pre-Code Western film starring Walter Huston, Harry Carey, Andy Devine, Russell Hopton and Russell Simpson. It was the first movie to depict the Gunfight at the O.K. Corral, in Tombstone, Arizona.
The film is based on the novel Saint Johnson, by W. R. Burnett. Walter Huston plays the part of lawman Frame Johnson, a fictionalized version of Wyatt Earp, and Russell Hopton plays his brother Luther Johnson. One of the best early Westerns in its character development, Law and Order features a script by John Huston, Walter's soon-to-be-famous son, and Tom Reed, who provided dialog for many movies in the 1930s and 1940s. Because of changes made during the film's production, all scenes involving the actress Lois Wilson were cut prior to the film's release. | Walter Huston as Frame Johnson
Harry Carey as Ed Brandt
Russell Hopton as Luther Johnson
Raymond Hatton as Deadwood
Ralph Ince as Poe Northrup
Harry Woods as Walt Northrup
Richard Alexander as Kurt Northrup
Russell Simpson as Judge R.W. Williams
Andy Devine as Johnny Kinsman
Hank Bell as Barfly (uncredited)
Walter Brennan as Lanky Smith (uncredited)
Nelson McDowell as Parker Brother (uncredited) | [] | [
"Cast"
] | [
"1932 films",
"1930s English-language films",
"1932 Western (genre) films",
"Films based on American novels",
"Films based on works by W. R. Burnett",
"Films directed by Edward L. Cahn",
"American Western (genre) films",
"American black-and-white films",
"Cultural depictions of Wyatt Earp",
"Unive... |
projected-17334094-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reservation%20poverty | Reservation poverty | Introduction | Reservations in the United States, known as Indian reservations, are sovereign Native American territories that are managed by a tribal government in cooperation with the federal Bureau of Indian Affairs, a branch of the Department of the Interior, located in Washington, DC. There are 334 reservations in the United States today. As of 2008, almost a third of Native Americans in the United States live on reservations, totaling approximately 700,000 individuals. About half of all Native Americans living on reservations are concentrated on the ten largest reservations.
Reservations vary drastically in their size, population, political economy, culture and traditions. Despite such variation, all reservations share similar histories of colonization, and face similar contemporary challenges. One of these challenges is poverty. In 2010, the poverty rate on US reservations was 28.4 percent, compared with 22 percent among all Native Americans (on and off reservations). The U.S. poverty rate among all groups is much lower, at 12.7 percent as of 2016. In addition to poverty rates, reservations are hindered by education levels significantly lower than the national average. Poor healthcare services, low employment, substandard housing, and deficient economic infrastructure are also persistent problems. | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"Native American topics",
"Native American health",
"Poverty in the United States",
"American Indian reservations"
] | |
projected-17334094-001 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reservation%20poverty | Reservation poverty | Background | Reservations in the United States, known as Indian reservations, are sovereign Native American territories that are managed by a tribal government in cooperation with the federal Bureau of Indian Affairs, a branch of the Department of the Interior, located in Washington, DC. There are 334 reservations in the United States today. As of 2008, almost a third of Native Americans in the United States live on reservations, totaling approximately 700,000 individuals. About half of all Native Americans living on reservations are concentrated on the ten largest reservations.
Reservations vary drastically in their size, population, political economy, culture and traditions. Despite such variation, all reservations share similar histories of colonization, and face similar contemporary challenges. One of these challenges is poverty. In 2010, the poverty rate on US reservations was 28.4 percent, compared with 22 percent among all Native Americans (on and off reservations). The U.S. poverty rate among all groups is much lower, at 12.7 percent as of 2016. In addition to poverty rates, reservations are hindered by education levels significantly lower than the national average. Poor healthcare services, low employment, substandard housing, and deficient economic infrastructure are also persistent problems. | The official poverty rate on reservations is 28.4 percent, compared with 12.7 nationally. About 36 percent of families with children are below the poverty line on reservations, compared with 9.2 percent of families nationally. These figures are absolute poverty rates as determined by the US Census. In 2010, the poverty threshold for a family of four with two children was $22,113. Some reservations in Washington, California, Wisconsin, Michigan, North Dakota, South Dakota, Arizona, and New Mexico fare worse, with more than 60 percent of residents living in poverty.
Income levels on some reservations are extremely low. Five of the lowest per capita incomes in the country are found on reservations. Allen, South Dakota, on the Pine Ridge Reservation, has a low per capita income in the country, at $1,539 per year. The Lummi Nation gives their members zero per capita, even though they have a thriving Casino on their Reservation; the Silver Reef Casino, located 20 minutes from the Canadian Boarder. Overall, the per capita income of American Indians on Reservations is half that of all Americans. The median income on reservations is $14,097, compared to $41,994 nationally. | [] | [
"Background"
] | [
"Native American topics",
"Native American health",
"Poverty in the United States",
"American Indian reservations"
] |
projected-17334094-002 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reservation%20poverty | Reservation poverty | Poverty rates on the ten largest reservations | Reservations in the United States, known as Indian reservations, are sovereign Native American territories that are managed by a tribal government in cooperation with the federal Bureau of Indian Affairs, a branch of the Department of the Interior, located in Washington, DC. There are 334 reservations in the United States today. As of 2008, almost a third of Native Americans in the United States live on reservations, totaling approximately 700,000 individuals. About half of all Native Americans living on reservations are concentrated on the ten largest reservations.
Reservations vary drastically in their size, population, political economy, culture and traditions. Despite such variation, all reservations share similar histories of colonization, and face similar contemporary challenges. One of these challenges is poverty. In 2010, the poverty rate on US reservations was 28.4 percent, compared with 22 percent among all Native Americans (on and off reservations). The U.S. poverty rate among all groups is much lower, at 12.7 percent as of 2016. In addition to poverty rates, reservations are hindered by education levels significantly lower than the national average. Poor healthcare services, low employment, substandard housing, and deficient economic infrastructure are also persistent problems. | Figures from the 2000 census. | [] | [
"Poverty rates on the ten largest reservations"
] | [
"Native American topics",
"Native American health",
"Poverty in the United States",
"American Indian reservations"
] |
projected-17334094-003 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reservation%20poverty | Reservation poverty | Extreme poverty | Reservations in the United States, known as Indian reservations, are sovereign Native American territories that are managed by a tribal government in cooperation with the federal Bureau of Indian Affairs, a branch of the Department of the Interior, located in Washington, DC. There are 334 reservations in the United States today. As of 2008, almost a third of Native Americans in the United States live on reservations, totaling approximately 700,000 individuals. About half of all Native Americans living on reservations are concentrated on the ten largest reservations.
Reservations vary drastically in their size, population, political economy, culture and traditions. Despite such variation, all reservations share similar histories of colonization, and face similar contemporary challenges. One of these challenges is poverty. In 2010, the poverty rate on US reservations was 28.4 percent, compared with 22 percent among all Native Americans (on and off reservations). The U.S. poverty rate among all groups is much lower, at 12.7 percent as of 2016. In addition to poverty rates, reservations are hindered by education levels significantly lower than the national average. Poor healthcare services, low employment, substandard housing, and deficient economic infrastructure are also persistent problems. | The extreme poverty rate of a population is the percentage of families earning less than half of the poverty threshold. For a family of four in 2010, the extreme poverty threshold was approximately $11,000 or less than $3,000 per person. On large reservations, the extreme poverty rate is as much as six times the national rate. On average, the extreme poverty rate on the largest reservations is almost four times the national rate. A breakdown is provided in the following table. | [] | [
"Extreme poverty"
] | [
"Native American topics",
"Native American health",
"Poverty in the United States",
"American Indian reservations"
] |
projected-17334094-004 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reservation%20poverty | Reservation poverty | Extreme poverty rates on the ten largest reservations | Reservations in the United States, known as Indian reservations, are sovereign Native American territories that are managed by a tribal government in cooperation with the federal Bureau of Indian Affairs, a branch of the Department of the Interior, located in Washington, DC. There are 334 reservations in the United States today. As of 2008, almost a third of Native Americans in the United States live on reservations, totaling approximately 700,000 individuals. About half of all Native Americans living on reservations are concentrated on the ten largest reservations.
Reservations vary drastically in their size, population, political economy, culture and traditions. Despite such variation, all reservations share similar histories of colonization, and face similar contemporary challenges. One of these challenges is poverty. In 2010, the poverty rate on US reservations was 28.4 percent, compared with 22 percent among all Native Americans (on and off reservations). The U.S. poverty rate among all groups is much lower, at 12.7 percent as of 2016. In addition to poverty rates, reservations are hindered by education levels significantly lower than the national average. Poor healthcare services, low employment, substandard housing, and deficient economic infrastructure are also persistent problems. | Figures from the 2000 census. | [] | [
"Extreme poverty",
"Extreme poverty rates on the ten largest reservations"
] | [
"Native American topics",
"Native American health",
"Poverty in the United States",
"American Indian reservations"
] |
projected-17334094-005 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reservation%20poverty | Reservation poverty | Changes over time | Reservations in the United States, known as Indian reservations, are sovereign Native American territories that are managed by a tribal government in cooperation with the federal Bureau of Indian Affairs, a branch of the Department of the Interior, located in Washington, DC. There are 334 reservations in the United States today. As of 2008, almost a third of Native Americans in the United States live on reservations, totaling approximately 700,000 individuals. About half of all Native Americans living on reservations are concentrated on the ten largest reservations.
Reservations vary drastically in their size, population, political economy, culture and traditions. Despite such variation, all reservations share similar histories of colonization, and face similar contemporary challenges. One of these challenges is poverty. In 2010, the poverty rate on US reservations was 28.4 percent, compared with 22 percent among all Native Americans (on and off reservations). The U.S. poverty rate among all groups is much lower, at 12.7 percent as of 2016. In addition to poverty rates, reservations are hindered by education levels significantly lower than the national average. Poor healthcare services, low employment, substandard housing, and deficient economic infrastructure are also persistent problems. | Historic data on poverty on reservations is extremely limited because of the tumultuous history of gathering data in these areas. American Indians were not included in census counts until 1840. Reservation-specific data was only produced following 1870.
In the 1970s, poverty on reservations decreased by as much as 20 percent on many reservations. In the 1980s, however, these gains were lost, and rates rose to levels comparable to those in the 2000. Through 2016, though, rates again rose, and rates in 2000 were very close to those in 1969. Explanations for these fluctuations suggest a need for further research, and careful consideration of how data was gathered, to ensure that figures reflect true changes in poverty rates rather than changes in reporting. | [] | [
"Extreme poverty",
"Changes over time"
] | [
"Native American topics",
"Native American health",
"Poverty in the United States",
"American Indian reservations"
] |
projected-17334094-006 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reservation%20poverty | Reservation poverty | Changes in poverty rates on largest reservations | Reservations in the United States, known as Indian reservations, are sovereign Native American territories that are managed by a tribal government in cooperation with the federal Bureau of Indian Affairs, a branch of the Department of the Interior, located in Washington, DC. There are 334 reservations in the United States today. As of 2008, almost a third of Native Americans in the United States live on reservations, totaling approximately 700,000 individuals. About half of all Native Americans living on reservations are concentrated on the ten largest reservations.
Reservations vary drastically in their size, population, political economy, culture and traditions. Despite such variation, all reservations share similar histories of colonization, and face similar contemporary challenges. One of these challenges is poverty. In 2010, the poverty rate on US reservations was 28.4 percent, compared with 22 percent among all Native Americans (on and off reservations). The U.S. poverty rate among all groups is much lower, at 12.7 percent as of 2016. In addition to poverty rates, reservations are hindered by education levels significantly lower than the national average. Poor healthcare services, low employment, substandard housing, and deficient economic infrastructure are also persistent problems. | Historical data not available for Uintah and Ouray and Tohono O'odham Reservations.
Figures from Trosper (1996). | [] | [
"Extreme poverty",
"Changes in poverty rates on largest reservations"
] | [
"Native American topics",
"Native American health",
"Poverty in the United States",
"American Indian reservations"
] |
projected-17334094-008 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reservation%20poverty | Reservation poverty | Early development | Reservations in the United States, known as Indian reservations, are sovereign Native American territories that are managed by a tribal government in cooperation with the federal Bureau of Indian Affairs, a branch of the Department of the Interior, located in Washington, DC. There are 334 reservations in the United States today. As of 2008, almost a third of Native Americans in the United States live on reservations, totaling approximately 700,000 individuals. About half of all Native Americans living on reservations are concentrated on the ten largest reservations.
Reservations vary drastically in their size, population, political economy, culture and traditions. Despite such variation, all reservations share similar histories of colonization, and face similar contemporary challenges. One of these challenges is poverty. In 2010, the poverty rate on US reservations was 28.4 percent, compared with 22 percent among all Native Americans (on and off reservations). The U.S. poverty rate among all groups is much lower, at 12.7 percent as of 2016. In addition to poverty rates, reservations are hindered by education levels significantly lower than the national average. Poor healthcare services, low employment, substandard housing, and deficient economic infrastructure are also persistent problems. | Following the American Revolution, the United States' strategy for native relations was to purchase Native American land by treaties. The United States also sought to assimilate Native Americans. The reservation system was created following the expansion of the United States into tribal lands. White settlers were considered unable to live alongside native peoples, and so various treaties continually limited the lands Native people were "allowed" to inhabit. This effort started under the presidency of Andrew Jackson with the Indian Removal Act of 1830, which created the first reservations. As forced relocation progressed, many tribes lost access to tribal traditional lifeways, which centered around community living and hunting and gathering.
During this violent period, tribes were often forced to move to geographic areas unfamiliar to them, most commonly from Eastern states to Western states. Reservations were created on lands that were deemed worthless to white settlers. Reservations were placed on lands considered resource deficient, unfit for agriculture or cultivation, and which were isolated from urban centers and transportation networks. Mainstream political discourse of this era favored removing tribes from areas populated by or desirable to the white population. During the nineteenth century, many Native American nations resisted forced migration by mounting upheavals which often turned bloody. Known as the American Indian Wars, these battles between American settlers or the United States government and Native Americans culminated in the Massacre at Wounded Knee of 1890, during which US military forces killed more than 150 Lakota men, women, and children. | [] | [
"Historical factors",
"Early development"
] | [
"Native American topics",
"Native American health",
"Poverty in the United States",
"American Indian reservations"
] |
projected-17334094-009 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reservation%20poverty | Reservation poverty | Dawes Act era | Reservations in the United States, known as Indian reservations, are sovereign Native American territories that are managed by a tribal government in cooperation with the federal Bureau of Indian Affairs, a branch of the Department of the Interior, located in Washington, DC. There are 334 reservations in the United States today. As of 2008, almost a third of Native Americans in the United States live on reservations, totaling approximately 700,000 individuals. About half of all Native Americans living on reservations are concentrated on the ten largest reservations.
Reservations vary drastically in their size, population, political economy, culture and traditions. Despite such variation, all reservations share similar histories of colonization, and face similar contemporary challenges. One of these challenges is poverty. In 2010, the poverty rate on US reservations was 28.4 percent, compared with 22 percent among all Native Americans (on and off reservations). The U.S. poverty rate among all groups is much lower, at 12.7 percent as of 2016. In addition to poverty rates, reservations are hindered by education levels significantly lower than the national average. Poor healthcare services, low employment, substandard housing, and deficient economic infrastructure are also persistent problems. | As the white population began moving West, into the land formerly assigned to tribes, government policy underwent a transformation. In 1887, the Dawes Act was passed. The Dawes Act represented a shift in federal policy towards American Indians. This legislation divided tribal lands into individual parcels to be assigned to individual tribal members. The net result was more land available for non-native settlers, and less land held by American Indians. Policies starting with and following the Dawes act attempted to eliminate native lifeways, cultures, and communities. Political leaders asserted that forcing American Indians to hold private property would assimilate them into American culture. To facilitate assimilation, they were given food, housing, and clothing. The explicit aim of these policies were to forcibly eliminate traditional cultures, and "kill the Indian, save the man".
During this era, Native American children were removed from the home and sent to boarding schools, where they were given Western clothes, food, and education. They were allowed little to no communication with families, and siblings were often separated. Boarding school students were prohibited from practicing tribal traditional lifeways and from speaking indigenous languages. In several instances when students were caught maintaining Native culture or language, students were physically abused.
Forced assimilation took away the livelihoods of many Native people, without providing anything in its place. Tribal members were prohibited from making a living through hunting, fishing, and arts. Furthermore, native people who provided educational, religious, medical, and culinary services to their communities were replaced with non-native, government and Church-sponsored individuals. In the early twentieth century, tribes were further hindered by the Indian Reorganization Act, which imposed particular forms of governance and organization for tribal leadership. Traditional systems of social and political organization were replaced by forced constitutional forms and acted as a tool for further assimilation.
Forced assimilation policies explicitly aimed to forcibly strip Native people of their history, identities and their livelihoods. Because the land on which reservations were created tended to be barren, resource deficient land, there was little chance of developing economically viable agricultural enterprises. Prohibition of tribal traditional lifeways combined with the remote locations of the reservations created very few opportunities for economic solvency within reservations and for very few opportunities for economic interaction with white settlements. | [] | [
"Historical factors",
"Dawes Act era"
] | [
"Native American topics",
"Native American health",
"Poverty in the United States",
"American Indian reservations"
] |
projected-17334094-010 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reservation%20poverty | Reservation poverty | Contemporary policy | Reservations in the United States, known as Indian reservations, are sovereign Native American territories that are managed by a tribal government in cooperation with the federal Bureau of Indian Affairs, a branch of the Department of the Interior, located in Washington, DC. There are 334 reservations in the United States today. As of 2008, almost a third of Native Americans in the United States live on reservations, totaling approximately 700,000 individuals. About half of all Native Americans living on reservations are concentrated on the ten largest reservations.
Reservations vary drastically in their size, population, political economy, culture and traditions. Despite such variation, all reservations share similar histories of colonization, and face similar contemporary challenges. One of these challenges is poverty. In 2010, the poverty rate on US reservations was 28.4 percent, compared with 22 percent among all Native Americans (on and off reservations). The U.S. poverty rate among all groups is much lower, at 12.7 percent as of 2016. In addition to poverty rates, reservations are hindered by education levels significantly lower than the national average. Poor healthcare services, low employment, substandard housing, and deficient economic infrastructure are also persistent problems. | In the last half-century, the principle guiding federal Native American policy became self-determination. The logic of this principle is to let tribes set their own policies, set their own visions, and determine their own futures. It was largely inspired by American Indian activists since the 1970s. Self-determination recognizes reservations as sovereign nations within US boundaries, meaning they are able to make and enforce their own laws and regulations, are independent from states' laws and regulations, and must abide by most federal laws.
Almost all boarding schools were eliminated and replaced with a combination of federally and locally managed day schools. Assistance programs aimed at forcing cultural change on tribal members were replaced with general assistance programs comparable to those available to the general population. However, by the time these changes occurred, traditional cultures had been severely and violently reduced, local economies had not been developed, families had been broken apart, and the stage for persistent poverty was set. Self-determination represented an important ideological shift in government policy, but did not change conditions of poverty and limited opportunities. | [
"Reservation Dump.jpg"
] | [
"Historical factors",
"Contemporary policy"
] | [
"Native American topics",
"Native American health",
"Poverty in the United States",
"American Indian reservations"
] |
projected-17334094-011 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reservation%20poverty | Reservation poverty | Concentration Effects | Reservations in the United States, known as Indian reservations, are sovereign Native American territories that are managed by a tribal government in cooperation with the federal Bureau of Indian Affairs, a branch of the Department of the Interior, located in Washington, DC. There are 334 reservations in the United States today. As of 2008, almost a third of Native Americans in the United States live on reservations, totaling approximately 700,000 individuals. About half of all Native Americans living on reservations are concentrated on the ten largest reservations.
Reservations vary drastically in their size, population, political economy, culture and traditions. Despite such variation, all reservations share similar histories of colonization, and face similar contemporary challenges. One of these challenges is poverty. In 2010, the poverty rate on US reservations was 28.4 percent, compared with 22 percent among all Native Americans (on and off reservations). The U.S. poverty rate among all groups is much lower, at 12.7 percent as of 2016. In addition to poverty rates, reservations are hindered by education levels significantly lower than the national average. Poor healthcare services, low employment, substandard housing, and deficient economic infrastructure are also persistent problems. | The history of the reservation system has resulted in concentrated poverty. Regardless of urbanicity, areas of concentrated poverty tend to have higher crime rates, underperforming schools, poor housing, poor health conditions, limited private services, and few job opportunities. In addition, residents of these areas must contend with a geographic separation from areas of opportunity. Sociologist Gary Sandefur has called reservations the "first underclass areas" because of their concentrated poverty, high unemployment, and low educational attainment levels. Sociologist Loïc Wacquant has described reservations as areas of "socio-spatial seclusion," where residents are corralled and isolated, and that the reservations were created to immobilize native peoples. | [] | [
"Historical factors",
"Concentration Effects"
] | [
"Native American topics",
"Native American health",
"Poverty in the United States",
"American Indian reservations"
] |
projected-17334094-012 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reservation%20poverty | Reservation poverty | Employment | Reservations in the United States, known as Indian reservations, are sovereign Native American territories that are managed by a tribal government in cooperation with the federal Bureau of Indian Affairs, a branch of the Department of the Interior, located in Washington, DC. There are 334 reservations in the United States today. As of 2008, almost a third of Native Americans in the United States live on reservations, totaling approximately 700,000 individuals. About half of all Native Americans living on reservations are concentrated on the ten largest reservations.
Reservations vary drastically in their size, population, political economy, culture and traditions. Despite such variation, all reservations share similar histories of colonization, and face similar contemporary challenges. One of these challenges is poverty. In 2010, the poverty rate on US reservations was 28.4 percent, compared with 22 percent among all Native Americans (on and off reservations). The U.S. poverty rate among all groups is much lower, at 12.7 percent as of 2016. In addition to poverty rates, reservations are hindered by education levels significantly lower than the national average. Poor healthcare services, low employment, substandard housing, and deficient economic infrastructure are also persistent problems. | The official unemployment rate on reservations as of the 2000 census was 14 percent, but there is much variation. Reservations nearer urban centers, especially on the East Coast, tend to have employment rates similar to or higher than the national average. On many large, rural reservations, though, a majority of adults are unemployed or out of the workforce. On reservations in California, Oregon, Nevada, Arizona, Utah, Florida, Washington, New Mexico, Nebraska, Montana, and Alaska, reservation unemployment rates are above 25 percent. On some California reservations, the number exceeds 75 percent.
Out of the adult population without jobs, unemployment rates only include those who are both able to work and are actively looking for work. On reservations, a much larger portion is out of the labor force entirely, meaning they either are unable to work or are not actively looking for employment. Because of the severity of the lack of employment opportunities, many residents are not actively seeking work. People tend to hear of job opportunities through informal networks, rather than through conventional postings and applications. As such, an individual might be desiring employment, but not take the proactive steps needed to be defined as "looking for work." Some researchers have suggested that asking reservation residents if they seek job opportunities when they occur would be a more accurate measure of unemployment than asking if they had applied for work recently. | [] | [
"Employment"
] | [
"Native American topics",
"Native American health",
"Poverty in the United States",
"American Indian reservations"
] |
projected-17334094-013 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reservation%20poverty | Reservation poverty | Unemployment Rates on the Ten Largest Reservations | Reservations in the United States, known as Indian reservations, are sovereign Native American territories that are managed by a tribal government in cooperation with the federal Bureau of Indian Affairs, a branch of the Department of the Interior, located in Washington, DC. There are 334 reservations in the United States today. As of 2008, almost a third of Native Americans in the United States live on reservations, totaling approximately 700,000 individuals. About half of all Native Americans living on reservations are concentrated on the ten largest reservations.
Reservations vary drastically in their size, population, political economy, culture and traditions. Despite such variation, all reservations share similar histories of colonization, and face similar contemporary challenges. One of these challenges is poverty. In 2010, the poverty rate on US reservations was 28.4 percent, compared with 22 percent among all Native Americans (on and off reservations). The U.S. poverty rate among all groups is much lower, at 12.7 percent as of 2016. In addition to poverty rates, reservations are hindered by education levels significantly lower than the national average. Poor healthcare services, low employment, substandard housing, and deficient economic infrastructure are also persistent problems. | Figures from the 2000 census.
There are very few jobs available on the reservation. Schools are the biggest employer, followed by various public service positions with the postal service, commodity and provisions office, and tribal police forces. Troublesomely, the lack of quality educational systems and job opportunities has created a reservation workforce that lacks the training and education demanded by many professions. Because reservation residents have not had the opportunity to receive formal training and credentialing, they are often not eligible for what few jobs are available. Even tribal leadership and administrative positions are occasionally staffed by individuals from off the reservation, or from other reservations, because of required levels of training or experience.
Rural areas tend to lack jobs with promotion opportunities, and rural residents often must migrate to cities for employment and advancement opportunity. However, reservation residents rarely are able to meet the educational and requirements of jobs off the reservation, and in addition, often encounter discrimination from employers who are hesitant to hire reservation natives.
The lack of formally educated, experienced workers and entrepreneurs also opens reservations up to exploitation from outside firms looking to capitalize on the resources of reservation land. Although this land is often incredibly isolated geographically and absent of natural resources or productive potential, some areas do hold potential for development. Such development, though, requires a substantial amount be invested at the onset to build necessary infrastructure. Tribes are at a disadvantage, not having the resources or specialists needed. As such, they contract development out to firms off the reservation, who keep a great majority of the profits.
Although the tribe usually receives a nominal amount of profits, they lose the rights to their land and the potential for truly sovereign development. The rule of native lands by non-natives off the reservation is particularly prevalent on many large reservations in the Midwest and Rocky Mountain regions. Although the land provides opportunity for ranching, few reservation residents possess the capital required to raise cattle. Instead, they lease the land to non-native ranchers for minimal amounts. As the reservation residents do not have alternative ways of making money on the reservation, ranchers can drive the lease rates down to mere dollars a year. | [] | [
"Employment",
"Unemployment Rates on the Ten Largest Reservations"
] | [
"Native American topics",
"Native American health",
"Poverty in the United States",
"American Indian reservations"
] |
projected-17334094-014 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reservation%20poverty | Reservation poverty | Education | Reservations in the United States, known as Indian reservations, are sovereign Native American territories that are managed by a tribal government in cooperation with the federal Bureau of Indian Affairs, a branch of the Department of the Interior, located in Washington, DC. There are 334 reservations in the United States today. As of 2008, almost a third of Native Americans in the United States live on reservations, totaling approximately 700,000 individuals. About half of all Native Americans living on reservations are concentrated on the ten largest reservations.
Reservations vary drastically in their size, population, political economy, culture and traditions. Despite such variation, all reservations share similar histories of colonization, and face similar contemporary challenges. One of these challenges is poverty. In 2010, the poverty rate on US reservations was 28.4 percent, compared with 22 percent among all Native Americans (on and off reservations). The U.S. poverty rate among all groups is much lower, at 12.7 percent as of 2016. In addition to poverty rates, reservations are hindered by education levels significantly lower than the national average. Poor healthcare services, low employment, substandard housing, and deficient economic infrastructure are also persistent problems. | The boarding school system had the doubly negative effect of inadequately educating a generation of reservation youth while simultaneously fostering a resentment of formal education. Through the boarding school era, Westernized education was synonymous with cultural destruction. Even since the abolition of boarding schools, levels of formal educational attainment have remained very low. Overall, just over half of the adults on reservations have a high school diploma. Reservation residents' high school graduation rate is half that of all American Indians in the United States. On the Gila River Reservation in Arizona, which has one of the lowest educational attainment levels in the country, barely one third of adults possess this credential.
On reservations, more individuals have less than a ninth grade education than have a college diploma. More than 10 percent lack any high school education. It is not uncommon on reservations in California and New Mexico to have more than half the population with less than a ninth grade education. In North Dakota, Nevada, California, New Mexico, South Dakota, Utah, Colorado, and Wyoming, many reservations have over three quarters of their population without high school degrees. This is compared to 12 percent nationwide. | [
"Reservation Education Levels.png"
] | [
"Employment",
"Education"
] | [
"Native American topics",
"Native American health",
"Poverty in the United States",
"American Indian reservations"
] |
projected-17334094-015 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reservation%20poverty | Reservation poverty | Banking institutions | Reservations in the United States, known as Indian reservations, are sovereign Native American territories that are managed by a tribal government in cooperation with the federal Bureau of Indian Affairs, a branch of the Department of the Interior, located in Washington, DC. There are 334 reservations in the United States today. As of 2008, almost a third of Native Americans in the United States live on reservations, totaling approximately 700,000 individuals. About half of all Native Americans living on reservations are concentrated on the ten largest reservations.
Reservations vary drastically in their size, population, political economy, culture and traditions. Despite such variation, all reservations share similar histories of colonization, and face similar contemporary challenges. One of these challenges is poverty. In 2010, the poverty rate on US reservations was 28.4 percent, compared with 22 percent among all Native Americans (on and off reservations). The U.S. poverty rate among all groups is much lower, at 12.7 percent as of 2016. In addition to poverty rates, reservations are hindered by education levels significantly lower than the national average. Poor healthcare services, low employment, substandard housing, and deficient economic infrastructure are also persistent problems. | There are few commercial banks or lending institutions located on reservations. Reservations are generally seen as very high-risk areas to place financial institutions, because of the lack of potential investors and overall dearth of economic activity. As of 2008, there were only six banks and seven credit unions operated by American Indians on reservations. Without formal financial institutions, many reservation residents are unable to save or invest what income they do have, and do not have access to loans for homes, cars, or businesses.
Due to the lack of commercial establishments, non-cash transactions are common on some reservations. Although a bartering system can function within the reservation community, it inhibits economic interaction with those off the reservation or on other reservations, meaning, non-cash economies serve to further isolate reservation residents from the national or global economy. | [] | [
"Employment",
"Banking institutions"
] | [
"Native American topics",
"Native American health",
"Poverty in the United States",
"American Indian reservations"
] |
projected-17334094-016 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reservation%20poverty | Reservation poverty | Geographic isolation | Reservations in the United States, known as Indian reservations, are sovereign Native American territories that are managed by a tribal government in cooperation with the federal Bureau of Indian Affairs, a branch of the Department of the Interior, located in Washington, DC. There are 334 reservations in the United States today. As of 2008, almost a third of Native Americans in the United States live on reservations, totaling approximately 700,000 individuals. About half of all Native Americans living on reservations are concentrated on the ten largest reservations.
Reservations vary drastically in their size, population, political economy, culture and traditions. Despite such variation, all reservations share similar histories of colonization, and face similar contemporary challenges. One of these challenges is poverty. In 2010, the poverty rate on US reservations was 28.4 percent, compared with 22 percent among all Native Americans (on and off reservations). The U.S. poverty rate among all groups is much lower, at 12.7 percent as of 2016. In addition to poverty rates, reservations are hindered by education levels significantly lower than the national average. Poor healthcare services, low employment, substandard housing, and deficient economic infrastructure are also persistent problems. | For employment, education, and financial opportunity, many reservation residents are expected to leave the reservation. However, reservations were placed intentionally far from urban centers, and many of the roads serving these areas are substandard. Many key roads were never designed or built for vehicular traffic. According to the Bureau of Indian Affairs, only 15% of the nearly 28,000 miles of reservation roads are in acceptable conditions and pass current safety regulations.
Furthermore, almost a quarter of reservation households do not have access to a vehicle. However, barely one percent of reservation residents rely on any kind of public transportation. Although the federal government has made funds available to improve transportation on reservations, local transportation authorities have not taken advantage of these monies. These local authorities often lack the human capital needed to engineer and carry out improvements. The lack of safe roads and adequate transportation further isolates reservation communities and strengthens the neighborhood effects of concentrated poverty. | [] | [
"Employment",
"Geographic isolation"
] | [
"Native American topics",
"Native American health",
"Poverty in the United States",
"American Indian reservations"
] |
projected-17334094-017 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reservation%20poverty | Reservation poverty | Problematic behaviors | Reservations in the United States, known as Indian reservations, are sovereign Native American territories that are managed by a tribal government in cooperation with the federal Bureau of Indian Affairs, a branch of the Department of the Interior, located in Washington, DC. There are 334 reservations in the United States today. As of 2008, almost a third of Native Americans in the United States live on reservations, totaling approximately 700,000 individuals. About half of all Native Americans living on reservations are concentrated on the ten largest reservations.
Reservations vary drastically in their size, population, political economy, culture and traditions. Despite such variation, all reservations share similar histories of colonization, and face similar contemporary challenges. One of these challenges is poverty. In 2010, the poverty rate on US reservations was 28.4 percent, compared with 22 percent among all Native Americans (on and off reservations). The U.S. poverty rate among all groups is much lower, at 12.7 percent as of 2016. In addition to poverty rates, reservations are hindered by education levels significantly lower than the national average. Poor healthcare services, low employment, substandard housing, and deficient economic infrastructure are also persistent problems. | The rate of violent crime on reservations is more than twice the national average. Although not heavily studied, gang violence is a problem on the Navajo and Pine Ridge Reservations. The extent to such activity on other reservations is a topic for future inquiry, although almost one fourth of a national sample of reservation residents report gang activity in their communities.
The use of drugs, alcohol, and cigarettes on reservations is also higher than national averages. This is especially true among youth, with the rate of youth drug use among reservation populations more than twice that of the general population. The suicide rate among reservation residents is twice that of the general population, suggesting the troubling psychological impact of living in areas of extreme and concentrated poverty. In fact, among youth ages 15–24, suicide is the leading cause of death on reservations. | [] | [
"Employment",
"Problematic behaviors"
] | [
"Native American topics",
"Native American health",
"Poverty in the United States",
"American Indian reservations"
] |
projected-17334094-019 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reservation%20poverty | Reservation poverty | Types of assistance | Reservations in the United States, known as Indian reservations, are sovereign Native American territories that are managed by a tribal government in cooperation with the federal Bureau of Indian Affairs, a branch of the Department of the Interior, located in Washington, DC. There are 334 reservations in the United States today. As of 2008, almost a third of Native Americans in the United States live on reservations, totaling approximately 700,000 individuals. About half of all Native Americans living on reservations are concentrated on the ten largest reservations.
Reservations vary drastically in their size, population, political economy, culture and traditions. Despite such variation, all reservations share similar histories of colonization, and face similar contemporary challenges. One of these challenges is poverty. In 2010, the poverty rate on US reservations was 28.4 percent, compared with 22 percent among all Native Americans (on and off reservations). The U.S. poverty rate among all groups is much lower, at 12.7 percent as of 2016. In addition to poverty rates, reservations are hindered by education levels significantly lower than the national average. Poor healthcare services, low employment, substandard housing, and deficient economic infrastructure are also persistent problems. | Reservation residents are eligible for all federal social assistance programs, including Temporary Aid for Needy Families (TANF), Supplemental Security Income (SSI), and food stamp programs. In addition, Food Distribution on Indian Reservations (FDPIR), often called "commodities," provides in-kind handouts of food. This program is the result of treaties established in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries that included provisions that the government would provide food and shelter for tribal members. Each reservation has a commodities office, from which monthly food supplies are given out.
Unfortunately, this food tends to be nonperishable, heavy on simple starches, and nutritionally deficient, thus contributing to high rates of obesity and diabetes on reservations. Public assistance does not effectively reduce poverty on the reservation. Although it may keep many families from being completely unable to survive, it does not build economies, reinstitute cultural institutions, or create a source of pride for reservation residents. | [] | [
"Government assistance",
"Types of assistance"
] | [
"Native American topics",
"Native American health",
"Poverty in the United States",
"American Indian reservations"
] |
projected-17334094-020 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reservation%20poverty | Reservation poverty | Percent receiving aid | Reservations in the United States, known as Indian reservations, are sovereign Native American territories that are managed by a tribal government in cooperation with the federal Bureau of Indian Affairs, a branch of the Department of the Interior, located in Washington, DC. There are 334 reservations in the United States today. As of 2008, almost a third of Native Americans in the United States live on reservations, totaling approximately 700,000 individuals. About half of all Native Americans living on reservations are concentrated on the ten largest reservations.
Reservations vary drastically in their size, population, political economy, culture and traditions. Despite such variation, all reservations share similar histories of colonization, and face similar contemporary challenges. One of these challenges is poverty. In 2010, the poverty rate on US reservations was 28.4 percent, compared with 22 percent among all Native Americans (on and off reservations). The U.S. poverty rate among all groups is much lower, at 12.7 percent as of 2016. In addition to poverty rates, reservations are hindered by education levels significantly lower than the national average. Poor healthcare services, low employment, substandard housing, and deficient economic infrastructure are also persistent problems. | The percent of reservation residents eligible for government aid tends to be much higher than that of the general population. On the ten largest reservations, the percent of residents receiving cash assistance ranges from four to fifteen times the national average. In addition, a higher portion of reservation residents are eligible for Supplemental Security Income. On average, ten percent of the population on the largest reservations are eligible for SSI benefits, compared with eight percent of all Americans. The percentage of reservation residents eligible for social security benefits is comparable to that of the national population. | [] | [
"Government assistance",
"Percent receiving aid"
] | [
"Native American topics",
"Native American health",
"Poverty in the United States",
"American Indian reservations"
] |
projected-17334094-021 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reservation%20poverty | Reservation poverty | Problems with existing data | Reservations in the United States, known as Indian reservations, are sovereign Native American territories that are managed by a tribal government in cooperation with the federal Bureau of Indian Affairs, a branch of the Department of the Interior, located in Washington, DC. There are 334 reservations in the United States today. As of 2008, almost a third of Native Americans in the United States live on reservations, totaling approximately 700,000 individuals. About half of all Native Americans living on reservations are concentrated on the ten largest reservations.
Reservations vary drastically in their size, population, political economy, culture and traditions. Despite such variation, all reservations share similar histories of colonization, and face similar contemporary challenges. One of these challenges is poverty. In 2010, the poverty rate on US reservations was 28.4 percent, compared with 22 percent among all Native Americans (on and off reservations). The U.S. poverty rate among all groups is much lower, at 12.7 percent as of 2016. In addition to poverty rates, reservations are hindered by education levels significantly lower than the national average. Poor healthcare services, low employment, substandard housing, and deficient economic infrastructure are also persistent problems. | Relatively little current, valid data exists about today's reservations. Annual demographic surveys generally do not have a large enough reservation-based sample to present data. Researchers gathering data on American Indians rarely differentiate between reservation residents and non-reservation residents, even though there are huge differences in lifestyles and often much tension between the groups. Furthermore, the rural nature of many reservations, the lack of available contact information and telephone numbers, protective rules by tribal councils, and a distrust of outsiders present data collection challenges. Lastly, an overwhelming majority of research focuses on the Pine Ridge and Navajo Reservations, suggesting a need for more comparative analyses of conditions on individual reservations. | [] | [
"Government assistance",
"Problems with existing data"
] | [
"Native American topics",
"Native American health",
"Poverty in the United States",
"American Indian reservations"
] |
projected-17334094-022 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reservation%20poverty | Reservation poverty | Government Assistance on the Ten Largest Reservations | Reservations in the United States, known as Indian reservations, are sovereign Native American territories that are managed by a tribal government in cooperation with the federal Bureau of Indian Affairs, a branch of the Department of the Interior, located in Washington, DC. There are 334 reservations in the United States today. As of 2008, almost a third of Native Americans in the United States live on reservations, totaling approximately 700,000 individuals. About half of all Native Americans living on reservations are concentrated on the ten largest reservations.
Reservations vary drastically in their size, population, political economy, culture and traditions. Despite such variation, all reservations share similar histories of colonization, and face similar contemporary challenges. One of these challenges is poverty. In 2010, the poverty rate on US reservations was 28.4 percent, compared with 22 percent among all Native Americans (on and off reservations). The U.S. poverty rate among all groups is much lower, at 12.7 percent as of 2016. In addition to poverty rates, reservations are hindered by education levels significantly lower than the national average. Poor healthcare services, low employment, substandard housing, and deficient economic infrastructure are also persistent problems. | Figures from the 2000 census. | [] | [
"Government assistance",
"Government Assistance on the Ten Largest Reservations"
] | [
"Native American topics",
"Native American health",
"Poverty in the United States",
"American Indian reservations"
] |
projected-17334094-023 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reservation%20poverty | Reservation poverty | Local reform efforts | Reservations in the United States, known as Indian reservations, are sovereign Native American territories that are managed by a tribal government in cooperation with the federal Bureau of Indian Affairs, a branch of the Department of the Interior, located in Washington, DC. There are 334 reservations in the United States today. As of 2008, almost a third of Native Americans in the United States live on reservations, totaling approximately 700,000 individuals. About half of all Native Americans living on reservations are concentrated on the ten largest reservations.
Reservations vary drastically in their size, population, political economy, culture and traditions. Despite such variation, all reservations share similar histories of colonization, and face similar contemporary challenges. One of these challenges is poverty. In 2010, the poverty rate on US reservations was 28.4 percent, compared with 22 percent among all Native Americans (on and off reservations). The U.S. poverty rate among all groups is much lower, at 12.7 percent as of 2016. In addition to poverty rates, reservations are hindered by education levels significantly lower than the national average. Poor healthcare services, low employment, substandard housing, and deficient economic infrastructure are also persistent problems. | The federal government allows tribes some authority in creating their own versions of Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF) with federal monies. Such programs must abide by federal regulations, such as the 60-month limitation, but may incorporate aspects of culture and tradition into the requirements for aid. Economist Elizabeth Zahrt Geib stressed the potential for tribes to define work for purposes of welfare distribution to include traditional tasks and arts more in line with native lifestyles before the reservation system was created.
The Tanana Chiefs Conference of Alaska and the Lac du Flambeau Bank of Lake Superior Chippewa of Wisconsin have already included hunting and fishing as work activities for purposes of welfare distribution. In addition, locally controlled welfare programs usually mean much easier application processes and increased accessibility to offices, allowing a greater number of eligible individuals to become recipients.
The amount of money made available to tribes is calculated from the amount that individual states made available to reservation residents in years prior. Unfortunately, many states did not educate reservation residents on procedures for applying for aid, meaning that the number of receiving individuals was less than the number of eligible individuals, and limiting the amount currently made available. | [] | [
"Government assistance",
"Local reform efforts"
] | [
"Native American topics",
"Native American health",
"Poverty in the United States",
"American Indian reservations"
] |
projected-17334094-024 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reservation%20poverty | Reservation poverty | Anti-poverty programs | Reservations in the United States, known as Indian reservations, are sovereign Native American territories that are managed by a tribal government in cooperation with the federal Bureau of Indian Affairs, a branch of the Department of the Interior, located in Washington, DC. There are 334 reservations in the United States today. As of 2008, almost a third of Native Americans in the United States live on reservations, totaling approximately 700,000 individuals. About half of all Native Americans living on reservations are concentrated on the ten largest reservations.
Reservations vary drastically in their size, population, political economy, culture and traditions. Despite such variation, all reservations share similar histories of colonization, and face similar contemporary challenges. One of these challenges is poverty. In 2010, the poverty rate on US reservations was 28.4 percent, compared with 22 percent among all Native Americans (on and off reservations). The U.S. poverty rate among all groups is much lower, at 12.7 percent as of 2016. In addition to poverty rates, reservations are hindered by education levels significantly lower than the national average. Poor healthcare services, low employment, substandard housing, and deficient economic infrastructure are also persistent problems. | Across the country, individuals and organizations both on and off reservations are fighting to reduce the poverty discussed above. Most efforts have focused on gaming casinos, tribal economic entrepreneurship, and cultural revival. | [] | [
"Government assistance",
"Anti-poverty programs"
] | [
"Native American topics",
"Native American health",
"Poverty in the United States",
"American Indian reservations"
] |
projected-17334094-025 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reservation%20poverty | Reservation poverty | Environmental protection efforts | Reservations in the United States, known as Indian reservations, are sovereign Native American territories that are managed by a tribal government in cooperation with the federal Bureau of Indian Affairs, a branch of the Department of the Interior, located in Washington, DC. There are 334 reservations in the United States today. As of 2008, almost a third of Native Americans in the United States live on reservations, totaling approximately 700,000 individuals. About half of all Native Americans living on reservations are concentrated on the ten largest reservations.
Reservations vary drastically in their size, population, political economy, culture and traditions. Despite such variation, all reservations share similar histories of colonization, and face similar contemporary challenges. One of these challenges is poverty. In 2010, the poverty rate on US reservations was 28.4 percent, compared with 22 percent among all Native Americans (on and off reservations). The U.S. poverty rate among all groups is much lower, at 12.7 percent as of 2016. In addition to poverty rates, reservations are hindered by education levels significantly lower than the national average. Poor healthcare services, low employment, substandard housing, and deficient economic infrastructure are also persistent problems. | Reservations in relatively close proximity to urban areas have become sites for waste treatment, storage, and disposal facilities (TSDFs), adding environmental degradation to the landscape of poverty. Living in proximity to high levels of pollution or industrial facilities has been linked to serious short-term and long-term health impacts. In what is perhaps the most negative use of Native American lands, the federal government has used reservations for nuclear testing and nuclear waste disposal. Uranium mining, uranium conversion and enrichment, and nuclear weapons testing have all occurred on reservation lands in the past century. After creating the Nevada Test Site on Western Shoshone lands in Nevada, the federal government tested over one thousand atomic weapons on Western Shoshone land between the 1950-90s. The Western Shoshone people call themselves the "most bombed nation on the planet." Similar activities happened on Paiute Shoshone lands as well.
For Native American nations, environmental justice on reservations is more than the enforcement of equitable protection of human health and natural resources, it is also a matter of tribal sovereignty, self determination, and redistribution of power. The field of environmental justice (EJ) focuses on measuring and mitigating patterns of disproportionate exposure to environmental pollutants and health hazards, has been a useful ally for Native nations in the fight against environmental degradation on reservations. Over the past several decades, EJ communities, researchers and activists have used varied methodology to measure the disparate siting and long-term health effects of locally unwanted land uses, waste treatment facilities, and other noxious point sources of pollution in relation to communities of color and other socioeconomically disadvantaged groups. Native governments on reservations have used their legal "Treatment as State" status with the Federal government to mount EJ claims with the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) in several cases to successfully legally push back against pollution and environmental degradation on their lands . However, many Native activists argue that a seat at the table "does not ensure a comparable serving of the environmental protection pie" | [] | [
"Government assistance",
"Environmental protection efforts"
] | [
"Native American topics",
"Native American health",
"Poverty in the United States",
"American Indian reservations"
] |
projected-17334094-026 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reservation%20poverty | Reservation poverty | Influence of casinos | Reservations in the United States, known as Indian reservations, are sovereign Native American territories that are managed by a tribal government in cooperation with the federal Bureau of Indian Affairs, a branch of the Department of the Interior, located in Washington, DC. There are 334 reservations in the United States today. As of 2008, almost a third of Native Americans in the United States live on reservations, totaling approximately 700,000 individuals. About half of all Native Americans living on reservations are concentrated on the ten largest reservations.
Reservations vary drastically in their size, population, political economy, culture and traditions. Despite such variation, all reservations share similar histories of colonization, and face similar contemporary challenges. One of these challenges is poverty. In 2010, the poverty rate on US reservations was 28.4 percent, compared with 22 percent among all Native Americans (on and off reservations). The U.S. poverty rate among all groups is much lower, at 12.7 percent as of 2016. In addition to poverty rates, reservations are hindered by education levels significantly lower than the national average. Poor healthcare services, low employment, substandard housing, and deficient economic infrastructure are also persistent problems. | Indian gaming casinos are often considered a potential solution to reservation poverty. Because reservations are exempt from many federal and state regulations, including those prohibiting gambling, tribes are able to operate commercial casinos on reservations. These casinos can provide jobs on the reservation, attract tourists, and bring in money for tribes to fund education, health, and social service programs. The Ojibwe of Minnesota have built two schools, the Choctaw of Oklahoma have built a new hospital, and the Pueblo of New Mexico have rebuilt their water system, all using casino profits. Other tribes fund child and elder care programs, health services, fire and police protection, and housing development with gambling earnings.
Casinos also provide much-needed job opportunities on reservations. In 1989, average levels of unemployment on reservations was above 30 percent. In the next decade, that rate dropped to 13 percent on reservations with casinos, while remaining stagnant on reservations without casinos.
Casinos' impact on overall economic conditions, however, is limited. Through the 1990s, the number of reservation residents eligible for public assistance programs increased across most reservations. Although the rate of increase was slightly less on reservations that had casinos, the casinos were unable to reverse trends of worsening poverty. There are a number of factors explaining why casinos have done little to change living conditions on many reservations, despite the income they bring in. First, a relatively small number of casinos bring in the majority of casino income. In the 1990s, ten casinos brought in more than half the earned money, and 20 percent of casinos brought in more than 80 percent of earnings.
Those that are most financially successful tend to be small reservations with relatively few inhabitants located near metropolitan areas that do not have as high poverty rates as larger, more rural reservations, which hold a much greater portion of the nations' reservation inhabitants. Many of the reservations facing the most dire poverty also are the most geographically isolated, meaning outside tourists rarely travel to the casinos. Instead, they are visited by reservation residents. Depending on the profit distribution plan of the tribe, this can result in a redistribution of income from many to a few, and a fractionalization of the reservation population between those who spend at casinos and those who earn from them.
When reservation residents spend portions of their sometimes very sparse incomes gambling, casinos can serve to exacerbate rather than relieve conditions of poverty. This is especially true when a casino's income is sent off the reservation, as is frequently the case when tribal governments must rely on outside investors to build casinos. These non-native investors often take substantial portions of the profits for years following construction to repay their initial contributions. Beyond initial investments, some casinos rely on outside management companies for day-to-day operations. Currently, fifteen percent of casino revenues go to such management firms.
Beyond limited economic efficacy, casinos have faced criticism on cultural grounds. Some tribal leaders have raised concerns that gambling goes against cultural beliefs and values, and is not a solid cultural foundation for native economic development. Without culturally sensitive investment in education and job creation, they assert, conditions of poverty will not change. | [] | [
"Influence of casinos"
] | [
"Native American topics",
"Native American health",
"Poverty in the United States",
"American Indian reservations"
] |
projected-17334094-027 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reservation%20poverty | Reservation poverty | Economic development | Reservations in the United States, known as Indian reservations, are sovereign Native American territories that are managed by a tribal government in cooperation with the federal Bureau of Indian Affairs, a branch of the Department of the Interior, located in Washington, DC. There are 334 reservations in the United States today. As of 2008, almost a third of Native Americans in the United States live on reservations, totaling approximately 700,000 individuals. About half of all Native Americans living on reservations are concentrated on the ten largest reservations.
Reservations vary drastically in their size, population, political economy, culture and traditions. Despite such variation, all reservations share similar histories of colonization, and face similar contemporary challenges. One of these challenges is poverty. In 2010, the poverty rate on US reservations was 28.4 percent, compared with 22 percent among all Native Americans (on and off reservations). The U.S. poverty rate among all groups is much lower, at 12.7 percent as of 2016. In addition to poverty rates, reservations are hindered by education levels significantly lower than the national average. Poor healthcare services, low employment, substandard housing, and deficient economic infrastructure are also persistent problems. | Some have suggested that private enterprise originating on the reservation is the key to poverty alleviation. Once a critical mass of business exists, jobs will be created. By keeping the circulation of money on the reservation, economies will grow. Currently, there are 236,691 businesses in the US owned by American Indians and Alaskan Natives, most located off reservations. Although 1.5 percent of the population identifies as American Indian or Alaskan Native, these businesses represent less than one percent of all businesses in the nation. Native-owned businesses tend to be very small, with only 10 percent of them having any employees, and only 162 having more than 100 employees. However, trends suggest the number of natively owned businesses is growing. The number has risen 18 percent in the past decade, and native-business profits rose nearly 30 percent.
Some Native entrepreneurs have brought economic development to their reservations. Small businesses thrive on reservations throughout the country. For example, the Native American Natural Foods Company of Kyle, South Dakota, on Pine Ridge produces energy bars using buffalo meat and cranberries that are sold in gourmet grocery stores throughout the country. They serve as a model for other reservation-based businesses. An artists' cooperative on the Siletz Reservation in Oregon sells Native artwork and is staffed by young reservation residents, providing the artists with business and the employees with important work experience.
In some areas, reservation residents have developed professional networks to share resources as they develop businesses. For example, four tribes in Oregon created the Oregon Native American Business and Entrepreneurial Network, which offers training to assist tribal members start, fund, and operate business ventures. The organization has assisted more than 10,000 individuals since its founding in 1993. Unfortunately, for every successful business, there are many that are not able to sustain themselves, and many more ideas without the resources needed to implement them. | [] | [
"Economic development"
] | [
"Native American topics",
"Native American health",
"Poverty in the United States",
"American Indian reservations"
] |
projected-17334094-028 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reservation%20poverty | Reservation poverty | Alaska Native Corporations | Reservations in the United States, known as Indian reservations, are sovereign Native American territories that are managed by a tribal government in cooperation with the federal Bureau of Indian Affairs, a branch of the Department of the Interior, located in Washington, DC. There are 334 reservations in the United States today. As of 2008, almost a third of Native Americans in the United States live on reservations, totaling approximately 700,000 individuals. About half of all Native Americans living on reservations are concentrated on the ten largest reservations.
Reservations vary drastically in their size, population, political economy, culture and traditions. Despite such variation, all reservations share similar histories of colonization, and face similar contemporary challenges. One of these challenges is poverty. In 2010, the poverty rate on US reservations was 28.4 percent, compared with 22 percent among all Native Americans (on and off reservations). The U.S. poverty rate among all groups is much lower, at 12.7 percent as of 2016. In addition to poverty rates, reservations are hindered by education levels significantly lower than the national average. Poor healthcare services, low employment, substandard housing, and deficient economic infrastructure are also persistent problems. | The federal government has taken an active role in fostering business on native lands through the creation of Alaska Native Corporations (ANCs). These corporations, created by the Alaska Native Claims Settlement Act of 1971, were created to settle land disputes with Alaska Natives. Rather than creating reservations, the government divided Alaskan lands into corporations, each of which owns a segment of land on which tribal members reside. In addition to owning tribal lands, these corporations have a business relationship with the government, who can contract with them for any number of tasks.
Alaskan corporations have held federal contracts to deal with defense, sexual harassment regulation, and more. Such contracts have not brought substantial money or economic activity to Alaska. Frequently, large, non-natively owned corporations in the continental United States will subcontract with the Alaskan Native Corporations. Due to the circumstances of their creation, contracts with ANCs are free from much of the regulation conventional contractors face, such as requirements for competitive bidding and spending caps. As such, the subcontractors are able to avoid regulation, while only passing on a very small portion of funds to the native shareholders of the Alaskan Native Corporation. In practice, the Alaskan Native Corporation system has done little to reduce poverty among Alaska's natives despite its effort to provide tribes with opportunities for economic activity. | [
"Native American Dancer.jpg"
] | [
"Economic development",
"Alaska Native Corporations"
] | [
"Native American topics",
"Native American health",
"Poverty in the United States",
"American Indian reservations"
] |
projected-17334094-029 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reservation%20poverty | Reservation poverty | Business challenges on reservations | Reservations in the United States, known as Indian reservations, are sovereign Native American territories that are managed by a tribal government in cooperation with the federal Bureau of Indian Affairs, a branch of the Department of the Interior, located in Washington, DC. There are 334 reservations in the United States today. As of 2008, almost a third of Native Americans in the United States live on reservations, totaling approximately 700,000 individuals. About half of all Native Americans living on reservations are concentrated on the ten largest reservations.
Reservations vary drastically in their size, population, political economy, culture and traditions. Despite such variation, all reservations share similar histories of colonization, and face similar contemporary challenges. One of these challenges is poverty. In 2010, the poverty rate on US reservations was 28.4 percent, compared with 22 percent among all Native Americans (on and off reservations). The U.S. poverty rate among all groups is much lower, at 12.7 percent as of 2016. In addition to poverty rates, reservations are hindered by education levels significantly lower than the national average. Poor healthcare services, low employment, substandard housing, and deficient economic infrastructure are also persistent problems. | There are many challenges facing business leaders on reservations. As discussed above, the substandard educational system leaves many aspiring entrepreneurs without necessary skills to fulfill their visions. The concentration of poverty and geographic isolation of many reservations severely limits the human capital from which business owners may draw to develop their business plans. The lack of disposable income of residents, furthermore, leaves reservation businesses with a limited customer base, while the shortcomings of telecommunications technologies can prevent expansion beyond reservation borders. In addition to material challenges facing economic development, some have criticized the ideological view of business ownership and development as solutions to reservation poverty. These critics have stated that conventional capitalist business plans run counter to many Native traditions, which stress community and interdependence rather than individualism and competition.
It is often noted that the reservation system needs change. Some have asserted that the entire system needs to be eliminated, but disagree on what should take its place. Anthropologist Shuichi Nagata has stated that both the reservations and modern American cities clash with traditional Native lifestyles. What is needed, he writes, is something separate from either that combines the cultural richness of reservations with the opportunity of contemporary urban centers. | [] | [
"Economic development",
"Business challenges on reservations"
] | [
"Native American topics",
"Native American health",
"Poverty in the United States",
"American Indian reservations"
] |
projected-17334094-030 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reservation%20poverty | Reservation poverty | See also | Reservations in the United States, known as Indian reservations, are sovereign Native American territories that are managed by a tribal government in cooperation with the federal Bureau of Indian Affairs, a branch of the Department of the Interior, located in Washington, DC. There are 334 reservations in the United States today. As of 2008, almost a third of Native Americans in the United States live on reservations, totaling approximately 700,000 individuals. About half of all Native Americans living on reservations are concentrated on the ten largest reservations.
Reservations vary drastically in their size, population, political economy, culture and traditions. Despite such variation, all reservations share similar histories of colonization, and face similar contemporary challenges. One of these challenges is poverty. In 2010, the poverty rate on US reservations was 28.4 percent, compared with 22 percent among all Native Americans (on and off reservations). The U.S. poverty rate among all groups is much lower, at 12.7 percent as of 2016. In addition to poverty rates, reservations are hindered by education levels significantly lower than the national average. Poor healthcare services, low employment, substandard housing, and deficient economic infrastructure are also persistent problems. | Modern social statistics of Native Americans
Native Americans and reservation inequality
Alcohol and Native Americans
Methamphetamine and Native Americans
Native American disease and epidemics
Impact of Native American gaming
Administration:
Native American reservation politics
Native American gambling enterprises
Former Indian Reservations in Oklahoma
General:
Native American self-determination
Tribal disenrollment
Tribal sovereignty
New World Syndrome | [] | [
"See also"
] | [
"Native American topics",
"Native American health",
"Poverty in the United States",
"American Indian reservations"
] |
projected-17334094-031 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reservation%20poverty | Reservation poverty | References | Reservations in the United States, known as Indian reservations, are sovereign Native American territories that are managed by a tribal government in cooperation with the federal Bureau of Indian Affairs, a branch of the Department of the Interior, located in Washington, DC. There are 334 reservations in the United States today. As of 2008, almost a third of Native Americans in the United States live on reservations, totaling approximately 700,000 individuals. About half of all Native Americans living on reservations are concentrated on the ten largest reservations.
Reservations vary drastically in their size, population, political economy, culture and traditions. Despite such variation, all reservations share similar histories of colonization, and face similar contemporary challenges. One of these challenges is poverty. In 2010, the poverty rate on US reservations was 28.4 percent, compared with 22 percent among all Native Americans (on and off reservations). The U.S. poverty rate among all groups is much lower, at 12.7 percent as of 2016. In addition to poverty rates, reservations are hindered by education levels significantly lower than the national average. Poor healthcare services, low employment, substandard housing, and deficient economic infrastructure are also persistent problems. | Category:Native American topics
Category:Native American health
Category:Poverty in the United States
Category:American Indian reservations | [] | [
"References"
] | [
"Native American topics",
"Native American health",
"Poverty in the United States",
"American Indian reservations"
] |
projected-20469900-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giovanni%20Tomi | Giovanni Tomi | Introduction | Giovanni Tomi (born 31 December 1987) is an Italian footballer who currently plays as a defender for Prato. | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"1987 births",
"Footballers from Naples",
"Living people",
"Italian footballers",
"Association football defenders",
"U.S. Catanzaro 1929 players",
"Calcio Foggia 1920 players",
"Ascoli Calcio 1898 F.C. players",
"U.S. Lecce players",
"F.C. Pavia players",
"Rimini F.C. 1912 players",
"A.S. Mart... | |
projected-71479541-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/All%20Are%20Saved | All Are Saved | Introduction | All Are Saved is an LP by the American indie rock artist Fred Thomas. It was released on April 7, 2015 on Polyvinyl Records in the USA. Formats were vinyl LP, CD, cassette, digital download and streaming services. While it was Thomas's eighth solo LP, it was the first to have been released on a larger scale record label and, as such, gained much more press attention than his previous CD-R and minor label releases had done to that point. | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"Indie rock albums",
"2015 albums",
"Polyvinyl Record Co. albums"
] | |
projected-71479541-001 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/All%20Are%20Saved | All Are Saved | Musical style | All Are Saved is an LP by the American indie rock artist Fred Thomas. It was released on April 7, 2015 on Polyvinyl Records in the USA. Formats were vinyl LP, CD, cassette, digital download and streaming services. While it was Thomas's eighth solo LP, it was the first to have been released on a larger scale record label and, as such, gained much more press attention than his previous CD-R and minor label releases had done to that point. | Whilst All Are Saved retained some of the troubadour style of Thomas's earlier solo records, it also incorporated styles more characteristic of a number of his previous musical projects, including indiepop band Saturday Looks Good to Me and the post-rock duo City Center. Thomas's vocals on the LP were a talking point in reviews and interviews, as he incorporated a kind of speak-singing style influenced by BARR, the indie rock project of Brendan Fowler. Thematically, the lyrics dealt with death, anger and Thomas's place in the music world. | [] | [
"Musical style"
] | [
"Indie rock albums",
"2015 albums",
"Polyvinyl Record Co. albums"
] |
projected-71479541-002 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/All%20Are%20Saved | All Are Saved | Singles | All Are Saved is an LP by the American indie rock artist Fred Thomas. It was released on April 7, 2015 on Polyvinyl Records in the USA. Formats were vinyl LP, CD, cassette, digital download and streaming services. While it was Thomas's eighth solo LP, it was the first to have been released on a larger scale record label and, as such, gained much more press attention than his previous CD-R and minor label releases had done to that point. | The first pre-release single to be issued was "Bad Blood". Thomas shared a stream of the track on January 28, 2015 on his Tumblr page and it was picked up by various music sites over the next few weeks. In a positive review for Pitchfork, Jenn Pelly said that the "venomous" track was a break away from the style of his previous records and projects, and referred to it as "vulnerable, thick-skinned, human—clarity piercing through the clouds of one's subconscious like an all-too realistic bad dream". A second single, "Cops Don't Care Pt. 2" was released in late February and a third, "Every Song Sung to a Dog", followed at the end of March.
After the album was issued, Thomas also released a promotional video for "Cops Don't Care Pt. II", which featured him playing guitar in slow motion whilst being showered with something that looks like gravel, and occasionally slapped by small children. This was premiered by Stereogum on May 12, who said of it, "In less than two minutes, 'Cops Don’t Care Pt. II' breaks your heart and puts it back together again". Polyvinyl also issued the song as one side of a split 7" single along with "Find Yourself" by Jacco Gardener. This was part of the label's "With Compliments" series and not put on general sale, but rather sent out with random orders from the Polyvinyl shop as a free gift. | [] | [
"Singles"
] | [
"Indie rock albums",
"2015 albums",
"Polyvinyl Record Co. albums"
] |
projected-71479541-003 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/All%20Are%20Saved | All Are Saved | Critical reception | All Are Saved is an LP by the American indie rock artist Fred Thomas. It was released on April 7, 2015 on Polyvinyl Records in the USA. Formats were vinyl LP, CD, cassette, digital download and streaming services. While it was Thomas's eighth solo LP, it was the first to have been released on a larger scale record label and, as such, gained much more press attention than his previous CD-R and minor label releases had done to that point. | All Are Saved was favorably reviewed in the music press. Ian Cohen gave it a score of 8.0 on Pitchfork and said that it was "devastating and funny in ways that previous releases barely even considered, a biographical work of art capable of leveling people who have never heard of him". This positive response was typical of reviews of the album, with AllMusic, Paste and Under the Radar all following suit. It was given four stars out of five by AllMusic and was included in their "Best of 2015" end of year selection. | [] | [
"Critical reception"
] | [
"Indie rock albums",
"2015 albums",
"Polyvinyl Record Co. albums"
] |
projected-71479541-005 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/All%20Are%20Saved | All Are Saved | References | All Are Saved is an LP by the American indie rock artist Fred Thomas. It was released on April 7, 2015 on Polyvinyl Records in the USA. Formats were vinyl LP, CD, cassette, digital download and streaming services. While it was Thomas's eighth solo LP, it was the first to have been released on a larger scale record label and, as such, gained much more press attention than his previous CD-R and minor label releases had done to that point. | Category:Indie rock albums
Category:2015 albums
Category:Polyvinyl Record Co. albums | [] | [
"References"
] | [
"Indie rock albums",
"2015 albums",
"Polyvinyl Record Co. albums"
] |
projected-17334095-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wallabi%20Limestone | Wallabi Limestone | Introduction | Wallabi Limestone is the name given to the dense calcretised, limestone platform that underlies the Wallabi Group of the Houtman Abrolhos, an archipelago off the coast of Western Australia. This platform, which arises abruptly from a flat shelf, is about 40 metres thick, and is of marine biogenic origin, having originated as a coral reef. It reached its maximum size during the Eemian Stage (about 125,000 years ago), when sea levels were higher than at present. The subsequent fall in sea level resulted in the reef becoming emergent in places, thus forming the basement of the group's "central platform" islands, namely West Wallabi Island, East Wallabi Island and North Island. | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"Limestone formations",
"Geologic formations of Australia",
"Geology of Western Australia",
"Houtman Abrolhos",
"Pleistocene Australia"
] | |
projected-17334095-002 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wallabi%20Limestone | Wallabi Limestone | See also | Wallabi Limestone is the name given to the dense calcretised, limestone platform that underlies the Wallabi Group of the Houtman Abrolhos, an archipelago off the coast of Western Australia. This platform, which arises abruptly from a flat shelf, is about 40 metres thick, and is of marine biogenic origin, having originated as a coral reef. It reached its maximum size during the Eemian Stage (about 125,000 years ago), when sea levels were higher than at present. The subsequent fall in sea level resulted in the reef becoming emergent in places, thus forming the basement of the group's "central platform" islands, namely West Wallabi Island, East Wallabi Island and North Island. | List of types of limestone
Category:Limestone formations
Category:Geologic formations of Australia
Category:Geology of Western Australia
Category:Houtman Abrolhos
Category:Pleistocene Australia | [] | [
"See also"
] | [
"Limestone formations",
"Geologic formations of Australia",
"Geology of Western Australia",
"Houtman Abrolhos",
"Pleistocene Australia"
] |
projected-08555980-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paracantha | Paracantha | Introduction | Paracantha is a genus of fruit flies in the family Tephritidae. | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"Tephritinae",
"Tephritidae genera",
"Taxa named by Daniel William Coquillett"
] | |
projected-08555980-001 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paracantha | Paracantha | Species | Paracantha is a genus of fruit flies in the family Tephritidae. | Paracantha australis Malloch, 1933
Paracantha culta (Wiedemann, 1830)
Paracantha cultaris (Coquillett, 1894)
Paracantha dentata Aczél, 1952
Paracantha forficula Benjamin, 1934
Paracantha genalis Malloch, 1941
Paracantha gentilis Hering, 1940
Paracantha haywardi Aczél, 1952
Paracantha multipuncta Malloch, 1941
Paracantha ruficallosa Hering, 1937
Paracantha trinotata (Foote, 1978) | [] | [
"Species"
] | [
"Tephritinae",
"Tephritidae genera",
"Taxa named by Daniel William Coquillett"
] |
projected-08555985-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Friends%20%28play%29 | The Friends (play) | Introduction | The Friends is a play by Arnold Wesker, written in 1970. It was produced by the Stratford Festival in 1970. | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"1970 plays",
"Plays by Arnold Wesker"
] | |
projected-08555985-001 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Friends%20%28play%29 | The Friends (play) | References | The Friends is a play by Arnold Wesker, written in 1970. It was produced by the Stratford Festival in 1970. | J. Alan B. Somerset. (1991). The Stratford Festival Story, 1st edition. Greenwood Press.
Category:1970 plays
Category:Plays by Arnold Wesker | [] | [
"References"
] | [
"1970 plays",
"Plays by Arnold Wesker"
] |
projected-20469904-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Okutataragi%20Pumped%20Storage%20Power%20Station | Okutataragi Pumped Storage Power Station | Introduction | The is a large pumped-storage hydroelectric power station in Asago, in the Hyōgo Prefecture of Japan.
With a total installed capacity of , it is one of the largest pumped-storage power stations in the world, and the largest in Japan.
The facility is currently run by the Kansai Electric Power Company.
Like most pumped-storage facilities, the power station utilizes two reservoirs, releasing and pumping as the demand rises and falls.
Construction on the facility began in 1970 and was completed in 1974. | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"Energy infrastructure completed in 1974",
"Hyōgo Prefecture",
"Pumped-storage hydroelectric power stations in Japan"
] | |
projected-20469904-001 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Okutataragi%20Pumped%20Storage%20Power%20Station | Okutataragi Pumped Storage Power Station | Kurokawa Reservoir | The is a large pumped-storage hydroelectric power station in Asago, in the Hyōgo Prefecture of Japan.
With a total installed capacity of , it is one of the largest pumped-storage power stations in the world, and the largest in Japan.
The facility is currently run by the Kansai Electric Power Company.
Like most pumped-storage facilities, the power station utilizes two reservoirs, releasing and pumping as the demand rises and falls.
Construction on the facility began in 1970 and was completed in 1974. | The Kurokawa Reservoir, the upper reservoir, has a capacity of , a catchment area of , and a reservoir surface area of , and is held back by the Kurokawa Dam .
The embankment dam, located on the Ichi River, measures tall, wide, and is built with of material.
The dam is located at . | [] | [
"Kurokawa Reservoir"
] | [
"Energy infrastructure completed in 1974",
"Hyōgo Prefecture",
"Pumped-storage hydroelectric power stations in Japan"
] |