PROVENANCE.md

Data Provenance

Per-table documentation of data sources, extraction methods, and quality notes.

documents

1,424,673 rows. One row per PDF file from the DOJ Epstein release.

• 856,028 files processed with Gemini 2.5 Flash Lite ($0.10/$0.40 per 1M tokens). Full structured extraction: document type classification, date parsing, entity extraction, handwriting/stamp detection, photo description.
• 531,279 files (DataSet 9) imported from the rhowardstone/Epstein-research-data community project using Tesseract OCR. Raw text only — no entity extraction or document classification. These have ocr_source = 'tesseract-community'.
• 1,377 files originally Tesseract, upgraded to Gemini in v2 (604 from DS10, 773 from other datasets).
• 37,369 files have is_photo = true (photos, stamps, blank pages).
• email_fields column (new in v2): JSON-encoded email metadata (from, to, cc, subject, date) for email-type documents.

Distinguish OCR source: ocr_source IS NULL = Gemini, ocr_source = 'tesseract-community' = community.

entities

10,629,198 rows. Named entities extracted from documents.

• Gemini documents: entities come from the structured JSON extraction prompt (types: person, organization, location, date, reference_number, email_address, phone_number, monetary_amount).
• Community documents: entities from post-processing NER pipeline.
• Entity normalized_value provides cleaned/canonical forms where available.

chunks

2,193,090 rows. Text chunks for RAG (retrieval-augmented generation).

• ~800 token target per chunk with overlap at sentence boundaries.
• char_start and char_end map back to the parent document's full_text.

embeddings_chunk

2,111,356 rows. 768-dimensional float32 vectors from gemini-embedding-001.

• ~96% coverage (documents with malformed text excluded).
• Stored as list<float32> in Parquet.
• source_text_hash links to the chunk text that was embedded.

persons

1,614 rows. Curated person registry with canonical names, aliases, and categories.

• Categories: perpetrator, victim, associate, other.
• aliases field: JSON array of known alternate names/spellings.
• search_terms: additional search patterns for entity resolution.
• Community-curated from multiple sources.

kg_entities / kg_relationships

467 entities, 2,198 relationships. Knowledge graph connecting people, organizations, and locations.

• Relationship types: traveled_with, associated_with, employed_by, legal_representative, financial_connection, etc.
• weight indicates strength of connection (co-occurrence frequency).
• evidence field links to source document file_keys.

recovered_redactions

37,870 rows. Text recovered from under redaction bars using ML reconstruction.

• interest_score (0-100) ranks significance of recovered content.
• names_found lists person names detected in recovered text.
• Experimental quality — treat as leads, not verified text.

financial_transactions (NEW in v2)

49,770 rows. Credit card and bank transaction records extracted with DeepSeek.

• Source: DOJ-released credit card statements and bank records (DataSet 10/11).
• Extraction model: DeepSeek (per-page structured extraction).
• 31% of raw extractions quarantined for quality issues (hallucinated amounts, duplicate entries, garbled OCR). Only clean records included.
• Flight fields (flight_from, flight_to, flight_carrier, flight_passenger) populated for airline purchases.
• Key cardholders: JEFFREY E EPSTEIN, GHISLAINE MAXWELL, KARYNA SHULIAK, HBRK ASSOCIATES, TERRAMAR PROJECT.

communication_records (NEW in v2)

128 rows. Phone call and cell-site/CDR records.

• Source: DOJ-released phone records.
• 99.8% of raw extractions quarantined (CDR data has very high hallucination rates). Only 128 high-confidence records included.
• Fields: call date/time, duration, direction, location, number called, provider.

investigative_records (NEW in v2)

143 rows. Law enforcement reports, evidence recovery logs, and vehicle/property records.

• Source: FBI, PBSO, and other agency reports in DOJ release.
• 87% of raw extractions quarantined. Only 143 verified records included.
• Record types: law_enforcement_report, evidence_recovery_log, vehicle_property_record.

derived_events (NEW in v2)

3,038 events with 5,751 participants and 21,910 source document links.

Three analysis tracks reconstruct Epstein's activities:

• Calendar track: Meetings, dinners, appointments from Lesley Groff's daily schedule emails (2011-2016).
• Travel track: Flights, hotel stays, ground transport from schedule transitions and AmEx bookings.
• Financial track: Gift exchanges, institutional donations, major purchases from bank statements and emails.

Each event links to source EFTA documents via event_sources and participants via event_participants.

curated_docs (NEW in v2)

5,766 gold documents across 5 investigation subjects: Hoffman (1,526), Gates (2,069), Summers (739), Clinton (765), Black (667).

• Each document annotated with: tier (NUCLEAR/CRITICAL/HIGH/MEDIUM/SUPPORTING), category, date, sender, recipient, headline, key quote, investigative detail.
• also_appears_as: JSON array of duplicate EFTA file_keys for the same document.
• Only gold-status documents exported (24,706 rejected documents excluded).

provenance/files

1,387,775 rows. One row per processed file with full pipeline metadata.

• pdf_sha256: SHA-256 hash of input PDF.
• output_sha256: SHA-256 hash of output JSON.
• model_used: OCR model (gemini-2.5-flash-lite, tesseract-community, etc.).
• input_tokens / output_tokens: API token consumption.
• validation_score: automated quality score (0-100).

provenance/audit_log

3,711,609 rows. Append-only forensic audit trail.

• Every pipeline action (file processed, error, retry, fix applied) is logged.
• checksum field provides tamper detection on critical operations.
• Timestamps in ISO-8601 format.

provenance/runs

123 rows. Pipeline execution records with timing, worker counts, and costs.