source stringclasses 1
value | snapshot stringclasses 3
values | text stringlengths 264 621k | size_before_bytes int64 269 624k | size_after_bytes int64 185 235k | compression_ratio float64 357 1.8M |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
warc | 202143 | “You absolutely need ID theft insurance,” I told a friend the other day as we were discussing the topic. I have owned a policy for several years now. He believes it is a waste of money while I believe it is a necessity.
My argument for the insurance is simple. If you buy stuff online, you need to protect yourself.
As a society, we are becoming more and more accustomed to buying things online. We do this now to the tune of over $200 billion dollars a year. Amazon.com would not exist if this were not true.
From a psychological standpoint, with each successful purchase, we make, our guard drops a little more which results in more purchases. We find ourselves researching offline stuff via on online platform such as Amazon and at some point convenience overrides any concerns we may have and before we know it we are buying more and more online.
With each purchase, we leave a little more data behind. Then something happens like Target getting hacked and we remember that we should be concerned yet we still don’t go buy ID theft insurance.
If you buy products or services online, you need ID theft insurance.
As my friend and I continued debating the pros and cons of this topic it occurred to me that ID theft insurance is exactly the same as having your own website. Both protect your identity. Both protect your brand.
That is why I believe that everyone must have their own website.
THE TALE OF FOUR RYANS
When I started this site a few years back, my goal was simple, document my life via video and posts for my children. You see my father had recently passed and I realized that we had very little outside of pictures and our memories to remember him.
There were no voice recordings, no videos. That just seems weird these days. I did not want my children to be in the same boat. What does this have to do with ID theft insurance? Everything. I’ll explain.
When I decided to purchase my domain, ryanrhoten.com, I was surprised to find that it was already taken. How could that be? Who would want a website in my name?
I typed in ryanrhoten.com and nothing came up. Puzzled I did what we all do these days, I went to Google for answers. Turns out there are four Ryan Rhoten’s in the world. All of us live in the United States. One had purchased “my” domain.
This meant I couldn’t buy the domain I wanted so I moved on and started ryanlrhoten.com but never forgot that another Ryan Rhoten had my domain.
Again turning to Google, I researched the other Ryan Rhoten’s. The one who owned my domain had very little information that I could find other than he had purchased the domain. Another Ryan has a career in supply chain and logistics in Texas and the fourth Ryan, well it is the fourth Ryan that got me worried.
Turns out he is a drug dealer from Missouri.
He had been recently arrested for possession and dealing. Sadly it was easy to find information about him online. He was on the first two pages of Google when I searched my name. That’s when the thought occurred to me and I began to completely rethink the use of my website.
What if someone other than me Googled my name? This is what they would find.
USE A WEBSITE TO PROTECT YOUR BRAND
I immediately changed my site from what was becoming an open memoir into a one-stop shop for me, the only Ryan Rhoten I wanted to appear on Google. At least the first two pages anyway.
I began blogging and learning about keyword research, SEO, and internet marketing. My goal was simple. When someone searched for Ryan Rhoten on Google, they would find me first. The other Ryan’s would have to fend for themselves.
Now a couple of years later, I now hold the top returns on Google.
Along the way, I learned a very valuable lesson. Having your own website makes it possible for you to “control” what people find when they search for you. It gives you a way to protect your brand.
If you don’t have a website, you leave want comes up in a search to chance. Worse you leave your identity out there for others to “steal”. By proactively creating your own website, you are in a sense giving yourself the gift of ID insurance.
Owning your online real estate prevents others from borrowing or even “stealing” your identity online. Think about if the “bad” Ryan had been savvy enough to create a website using his name.
If this would have happened anyone searching for me would have found him first. Not a great first impression I think you’ll agree.
Taking charge of your online identity and really your reputation allows you to control what gets posted, liked, viewed and shared. It also demonstrates your ability to learn new things, interact with technology and unleashes a creative side you may never have realized you have but I’ll save those details for another post.
Most importantly it allows those who want to find you, such as a recruiter or potential employer, to find the RIGHT you. In a world that is constantly “on” and full of ever growing noise, making sure that the people who want to find you can, just be the most important ID insurance you can buy.
GET STARTED CREATING YOUR WEBSITE TODAY
Have you ever thought about having your own website but were concerned it would be too technical? Let me assure you that it is far easier than you think.
In less than 5 minutes and for less than $100 you can own your domain and start protecting your online identity. Even if you never “activate” your website, just owning your domain prevents others from using it for themselves.
Still concerned? Watch this step-by-step
video on how to get started today. After you’ve secured your domain you might wonder what to put on your website. No worries there, I’ve got you covered.
Sign up for the
Personal Branding Blueprint and learn not only about your brand but how you can best leverage it to ensure you are making the best first impression you can, even while you sleep.
In addition, because I feel that owning your own website is so critical to protecting your brand I am building a complete step-by-step video course on how to build your website using WordPress.
When you sign up not only will get access to the Personal Branding Blueprint but you will get access to the build your own website course as well.
Oh, did I mention that I offer all of this for free. Sign up below and get started today.
QUESTION: So what do think? Is having your own website the same as ID insurance? I’d love to hear your thoughts on the topic below. | 6,578 | 3,004 | 13,999.052597 |
warc | 202143 | After the devastating defeat on the hands of the conservatives in 1979, the torn Labour party had to go through a series of changes to reassert its internal structure and organization. From the Bennite Challenge that redressed and centralized the power of decision making inside the party to the rejection of nationalization and crushing the…
The landslide victory of the New Labour party in 1997 was supposed to signal a socio-economic transformation in Britain that has been ruled for nearly two decades by the Conservatives. Britain had become a salient neo-liberal country in Europe and many had expected the winning social democrats to change that. Contrary to expectations, the New…
The mid-19th century witnessed a wave of reformation movements in both Europe and USA. It was a rise of consciousness that covered all aspects whether be it social, economic, or political. The women equal rights movements were amongst the most prominent movements at the time due to the sensibility of their matter. The Declaration of…
The power of words is not to be underestimated. In 1776, Thomas Paine released a simple pamphlet that was to change the course of history. As the title “Common Sense” implies, the pamphlet addressed the American people to enlighten their minds, and to persuade them to fight for complete independence from Britain. Despite Paine’s failure…
What makes Stevenson’s Treasure Island a realistic work is the careful use of details, the simple language, and verisimilitude. Stevenson’s careful use of details can be best spotted in his description of the pirates. Let us take the example of Billy Bones. The writer gives a full description about his looks, outfit, habits, manners, lingo,…
The Essence of the Letter: The new world is the land of new beginnings. It is an entirely different world from that of Europe, and completely detached from its social, political, and economic problems. It is a haven where people live in harmony and have equal chances to make their fortunes. These people have a…
In the play Romeo and Juliet, Shakespeare examines the conflict between the Montagues and Capulets both internally and externally; displaying various types of conflict which can be seen in the deaths of Tybalt, Mercutio, and Paris due to toxic masculinity and male bravado. Romeo and Juliet’s relationship faces obstacles due to the animosity and predestined…
“We hold these truths to be self-evident that all men are created equal and are endowed by their creator with certain unalienable rights and among these rights are Life, Liberty, and the pursuit of Happiness.” – Declaration of Independence. All men are created equal. Not everyone is born into the lap of prosperity. Freedom dictates…
Malorie Blackman has taken a common game for kids to another level, the level where it resembles the current world. Noughts and Crosses or Tic-Tac-Toe supposed to be a fun and logical game for children but now, in this Carnegie-Medal-winning sequel, it’s different. The story opens with Sephy, more formally known as Persephone Hadley; she…
The play “Twelfth Night” by William Shakespeare is a romantic comedy, based on the themes of appearance vs reality, love as suffering and melancholy, and comedy. For most of the second Act of the play, characters such as Sir Toby, who was introduced as a drunkard and a fool, and Sir Andrew, who is humiliated…
The industrial revolution began in the mid-eighteenth century, in 1760. It was a huge revolution that transformed the agriculture and handicraft-based economies into mechanized manufacturing, large-scale industrial production, and factory-based economies. The advancement and development of technology made the existing factories all around the world more efficient and gave rise to new brands and factories.…
In Chapter Nine of Lord of the Flies, the atmosphere on the island is very tense, and the ambiance is mirrored by the weather in Golding’s use of a thunderstorm. As the tension rises and the storm gets worse, the boys start to recite the sinister ‘dance’ they perform when they are killing pigs for…
The approach to conscription did adapt, but not in the way anyone would expect, as men still were drafted. Prime Minister King’s approach to conscription was adapted in many ways. In WWI, the Borden government introduced conscription and did damage control later on, figuratively and literally. However, in WWII politicians, slowly implemented conscription and made…
Water is one of the most crucial sources for life on Earth, often causing problems when at lack. Local economic, environmental, and social conflicts are caused by water scarcity. Such conflicts derive from the economic benefits for the company, water privatization, by companies such as Nestle – Nestle Pure Life (bottled water). These big companies…
James Baldwin, in his speech “A Talk To Teachers,” concludes that a society is, “about to perish” if citizens simply obey the rules with no push for change (par. 2). Evidenced by the quote’s popularity, the stance is an agreeable one. By putting two-and-two together, this simple yet effective argument is backed up by both…
When autism was first “discovered”, many did not fully understand what it really was. Hollywood, however, still included characters with this condition. This often led to the distorted depiction of Asperger syndrome in fictional characters, especially because very little research was done. This is the case with Mark Haddon’s novel The Curious Incident of the…
Animal Farm, an allegory by George Orwell, echoes real historical figures and ideas about the Russian Revolution. The story about a group of animals that overthrow their farmer, Mr. Jones, is actually about the Communist Revolution that took place in 1917. Orwell brilliantly uses his characters and storyline to represent the events and support his…
Food is a basic human need. It is far more important than almost any other industry. We can live without phones or cars, as they’re a luxury. But no one can live without food. Something has developed over the past twenty years; and the industrialization of food, at its worst. The global food chain is…
Definition of sampling: “In research terms, a sample is a group of people, objects, or items that are taken from a larger population for measurement. The sample should be representative of the population to ensure that we can generalize the findings from the research sample to the population as a whole”. Type of sampling: There…
In An Inspector Calls, J. B. Priestley highlights socialist ideas and ideals through the representation and treatment of woman in the play. The upper-class women within 1912 society are shown to be respected and wealthy—obedient by their husbands. However, the women of the lower classes are neglected and abused by men of the higher class.… | 7,076 | 3,459 | 13,931.066782 |
warc | 202143 | The SaaS mannequin has change into a key concept in at the moment’s software program deployment. This, in a way, is collective memory. One of the Web’s main features shall be to preserve and transfer information by way of time. It’s referred to as “reminiscence” in biology – and “archive” in library science. The historical past of the Internet is being documented by engines like google (Google) and specialised providers (Alexa) alike. Windows, mac os, linux, android. The study noted just a few shiny spots that replicate new methods of delivering care. The affected person-centered “medical residence” model, which aims to foster the usage of major care and encourages the usage of affected person knowledge to manage health on the population level—for instance, by tracking and following up on lab outcomes and figuring out those who use the well being care system steadily—was related sdiwc to the next chance that the hospital had outside electronic medical records available and that they had been being used by clinicians. Software program will be break up into two most important sorts – system software program and application software program or utility packages. System software program is any software required to assist the production or execution of software applications but which is not particular to any explicit utility. Examples of system software would include the operating system , compilers, editors and sorting applications. Main regional segments analyzed in this study include North America, Europe, Asia Pacific, Latin America, and Middle East and Africa with its additional bifurcation into main countries including U.S., Germany, France, UK, China, Japan, India, and Brazil. This segmentation consists of demand for Land mobile radio system based on individual merchandise and applications in all the areas and nations. North America was the main phase of this international LMR system market.
That last incident prompted Reps. Anna Eshoo, D-Calif., and Edward Markey, D-Mass., to ask the U.S. Authorities Accountability Workplace to look into the potential for hacking. Whereas few such breaches have been reported thus far, the U.S. Meals and Drug Administration is anxious because “any system with wireless communication will be subject to interception of information,” stated Bakul Patel, a coverage adviser with the company. The advances in info know-how lengthen properly beyond booking, nonetheless. The web is important for vacationers who wish to contact those back house, and for these traveling on enterprise to get in touch with the office. Due to this fact, wireless web has become a quite common and really useful service for inns to supply. Many business minded persons even require that a resort supply web companies so that they’ll keep working while kenqsan on the road. Fortunately, such services are easy to offer, as all that’s required is a wireless router and numerous gadgets to make sure the whole resort is stuffed with the network. Trendy advances in wireless internet also enable for the wireless internet supplied for resort guests to be used to community the hotel itself. Security cameras, door locks, and other devices important to hotel safety and security can be wired into the network, in order that employees are alerted at any time when a door is propped open, a fireplace alarm goes off or suspicious activity happens. Although the hotel friends are wholly unaware of it, this type of added security and security keeps them secure, and within the event of an issue they’ll most certainly recognize the advantages of such a system. | 3,717 | 1,882 | 7,117.995749 |
warc | 202143 | Where from here, friends? What shall we make of this world of ours? Shall we continue to accept the current mess, or shall we make the Great shift, the shift that is before each & every one of us? What is your choice?
With so many shifting already, momentum builds — yet it truly takes the exercise of
personal choice to join in. Clinging to things as they are just won’t work. Let’s make the proverbial leap off of the cliff, shall we?
To do this takes a real, a serious release of one’s current reality — one’s beliefs. We just
think we know how things work. No one truly does, not really. Sure, we know that if we strike a match it will light. We know the sun rises & sets — but not so fast. Were you aware of the NASA patent for the artificial sun?
Now, why would we require an artificial, a fake sun? Any ideas? Why would we need so many chem trails — suspiciously at sunrise & sunset, for the most part? What are “they” trying to hide? How about our binary sun?
Science has officially discovered that suns are created in pairs — or threes — always. Interesting, huh? What if we’ve actually been having many solar eclipses —
not just those created by our moon? What if our binary star — which some call Nemesis — is in our inner solar system right now? Would that be so very odd? I don’t think so.
I’ll share a video with you that covers a few of these bases, both the artificial sun patent, but also how that “sun” is being used to cover-up these eclipses. Yes, it’s true that an actual sun (Nemesis) won’t create darkness by eclipsing our sun, but Nemesis comes equipped with its own mini-solar system, elements of which could do that.
What do you think? If you’re still not convinced, I highly recommend spending time with Jeff P’s YT (YouTube) channel. He’s far more professional than most, taking things apart with ample evidence that these are not lens flares or the like. Perhaps, like me, the light will go on for you, the pieces will fall into place & it will just click. You’ll see through yet another part of The Matrix — the curtain pulled back.
We have so very much to unlearn. Those with too much fear on-board won’t want to go here, but I don’t care. I want to know the truth, & I don’t give a darn what it is — if it’s truth, that’s good enough. I’ll figure it out later. As we release our death-grip on the things we’ve been taught were true, we allow the pieces to come together.
When you’re putting an old-fashioned puzzle together, you can’t at first tell what the image will be. You just link the pieces up by color, by shape. It doesn’t matter that you don’t know what the whole will turn out to be. You trust that, as you work, it will come clear. Let’s do that, being willing to release some of our need to know why, to know how — to know the big picture.
We
can do this. We have huge shocks on the horizon, friends. Better to wake-up as much as we can ahead of time, softening at least some of the blows. It’s the sleeple, the sheeple who’ll have a really hard time by the end of the year, 2017; certainly by the end of 2018. Incoming! Duck & cover! How? By waking-up.
We, as humanity, have been quite stubbornly attached to our beliefs. Why? Because we’re so beautiful — so trusting.
We have integrity & honor, so we expect the same in others. We haven’t reckoned with the deep darkness with which some are allied — the 1%, they’re sometimes called — the cabal.
The more we open our eyes & our minds now, the better. Have you ever had a serious shock? If so, then you know how paralyzing it can be — how it can shake your personal world to the core. Let’s take the blinders off, & at least be
willing to see — open enough to consider the possibilities — less attached to what we believe we know.
Thought actually creates. Most don’t yet realize that, which means they’re creating in ignorance. A belief is simply a thought we keep thinking — that’s all. Science once believed that the sun revolved around the earth. They were sure they had proof — the evidence of their eyes, following its path. It was just a belief, but taught as scientific fact; enforced so sternly that someone rather famous was executed for suggesting it was the other way around —Galileo.
Who can see with me that today’s science is no different? What they teach & firmly believe — after all, they have “proof” — is just
their latest set of beliefs. Facts change. New discoveries are made, new equipment devised to look deeper into things. Let’s awaken at least enough to recognize this much — it’s not so difficult for those willing to distance themselves from mind — from their Belief Systems.
FLY FREE
You can fly free as a bird, if you like. It’s just a choice, one all are free to make. Are you game? What have you got to lose but things that will shortly be proven as false — an old set of beliefs? Sometimes higher education or higher IQ just gets in the way. Egos get invested in such things, yes?
Perhaps awakening just amounts to releasing the ego. It’s not really who we are, just something with which we’ve identified. That’s the key — how we take the false self to be real. Of course it’s not, but you won’t convince someone of that until they’re ready — & it’s a waste of time to try. Best to let them go their way.
THE BIGGEST SHOCK
Just wishing I could soften the blow for people, yet knowing it depends on their readiness, on their willingness to explore new perspectives, new concepts. It’s been a rather rough awakening trek for me, too. You learn about things you wish weren’t true, but they are. It’s hard — but then it’s not, as you realize the awesomeness of just Who you really are. That’s perhaps the biggest shock of all.
The Theory of Evolution is pure bollocks — just nonsense. So are the religions, unfortunately — things that you wish were true. You learn that money, itself, is no more than a massive control system. That one becomes clearer by the day to those with eyes to see.
You discover that pedophilia is not only real, it’s not rare — it’s perhaps the major control system of the cabal, keeping those in the world’s major governments on a short leash — tightly controlled. It’s very sad. Things you wish you didn’t have to learn, didn’t have to face. Of course there’s so much more, but it’s there to be seen — once we remove the self-imposed filters, the blinders of our beliefs, our misplaced trust.
How to navigate this strange maze? From Heart, but of course, mind being too stuffed with beliefs such that it can’t see. It’s really that simple, but ever so much easier said than done. Some of it is like pulling teeth, absent the Novocaine. Nasty business.
THE BIGGEST LIE
The biggest lie we’ve not just been told, but had drilled into us is that we’re unimportant — we’re not at all powerful. It’s beyond ridiculous, yet not seen (nor see-able) until we jump off of that cliff. These are just facts, but not proven (nor provable) to anyone prior to taking the leap.
Call it a leap of faith, if you like — doesn’t matter what you call it, just jump — or at least consider the possibilities. They are many. Things really
could be different, don’t you know. Thought creates. Our beliefs create
If you’re bad, you’ll go to hell. Yeah, right — as in, not! It’s good to do this, it’s bad to do that — to heck with all of that! Take a stand for yourself — for your Self. Take the leap! You’re worth it! Don’t mean to shout, but you are. Consider the possibility that you really could be Source — Source-in-form, but Source, nonetheless.
No, you’re no better, no worse, than anyone else. We’re
all That. In reality there’s only One of us here in 3D. Source is actually playing all of the parts. Source being unlimited, so are you! Literally, unlimited. Of course, bodies & minds have limitations — but you’re not that. No, you’re not — that’s but the costume You wear, as Source-in-form.
I know — kinda pretzels the mind — but that’s good, actually. Minds need to be sufficiently pretzeled to stand down, so go for it. Take the leap! Spread your wings & fly free. You’ll never know ’til you give it a go. Beliefs are not as important as all that. The price we pay for them is far too high. I’m taking the leap every day.
~♥~
11:22 pm, Monday 2017/08/07, Mayan day 4 Dog / Oc | 8,924 | 4,088 | 17,930.953033 |
warc | 202143 | You passed your physical with flying colors, acquired a few vaccines to continue to be up-to-day, and you’re going out with friends tonight. Time to kick back, and enjoy a couple of drinks—or can you?
You recognize that tbelow are many kind of medications that can’t be blended with alcohol—but what about drinking after you’ve been immunized?
Good news: The FDA label indevelopment for various vaccines does not list alcohol as a contraindication. However before, while drinking might not be harmful after the majority of vaccines, there are still a few reasons to avoid drinking excess alcohol after you obtain a swarm.
Is drinking after vaccicountries safe?
Usually, alcohol does not interact with vaccines. However, it’s still finest to avoid excess alcohol after a vaccine. Too much alcohol have the right to mask the vaccine’s side effects, and also you won’t recognize if the vaccine or the alcohol is leading to a reaction. For example, alcohol can reason headaches, yet so deserve to many vaccines, such as Shingrix (over 50% of adults aged 50-59 knowledgeable headaches from Shingrix in clinical trials).
Also, drinking also a lot alcohol on a constant basis can impact your immune mechanism and capacity to fight infection. According to the CDC, excess alcohol (15 or more drinks weekly for males, 8 or even more drinks weekly for women) can suppress your immune system, which rises your possibility of obtaining sick.
If you perform decide to knock earlier a couple of after your vaccine, drink in moderation. Almethods double inspect via your healthcare provider because he or she is familiar via your certain medical background and also condition(s) and also any kind of medications you take that might likewise possibly interact via alcohol.
Can alcohol change the effectiveness of a vaccine?
While alcohol is not contrashown via vaccines per se, can it influence just how reliable the vaccine is? One study suggests that while excess alcohol consumption is harmful to the immune device, modeprice consumption (as much as one drink a day for woguys, and as much as 2 drinks a day for men), can perhaps rise the immune system. However before, this is still a poorly taken phenomenon, and also individuals vary greatly—for instance, a patient via a background of alcohol abuse have to not attempt to usage alcohol as an immune mechanism booster. Perhaps even more research will make the link clearer, however for currently, check via your healthcare provider prior to altering your alcohol intake.
Are there any kind of interactions in between alcohol and vaccines?
Let’s take a look at some of the a lot of prevalent vaccines and their interactions via alcohol. Remember, although a vaccine does not technically connect with alcohol, you should examine with your healthcare provider prior to drinking alcohol after your vaccine.
Flu shot
Can you have actually the flu swarm and alcohol, too? Alcohol does not interact via popular incaused flu shots such as Fluzone, Afluria, Fluad, Flucelvax, Flublok, and also Fluarix.
RELATED: Fluzone details | Afluria details | Fluad details | Flucelvax details | Flublok details | Fluarix details Shingles swarm (Shingrix)
What about the shingles vaccines and liquor? Shingrix and also alcohol perform not interact. Zostavax is another (less common) shingles injection that’s also safe via alcohol.
You are watching: Can i drink alcohol after flu shot RELATED: Shingrix details Tetanus shot
Can you drink after a tetanus shot? The tetanus shot is frequently provided to adults in combicountry via diphtheria and also pertussis, and described as Tdap. Some widespread brand names are Boostrix and also Adacel. The tetanus shot and alcohol are compatible.
RELATED: Boostrix details | Adacel details Pneumonia shot
Prevnar 13 and Pneumovax 23 are both safe through alcohol.
RELATED: Prevnar 13 details | Pneumovax 23 details Typhoid vaccine
While you should take the oral typhoid vaccine (Vivotif) on an empty stomach (definition no food or alcohol), you can safely drink alcohol in the future. The injectable typhoid vaccine, Typhim Vi, deserve to be administered without regard to food or alcohol, and does not communicate via alcohol.
RELATED: Vivotif details | Typhim Vi details HPV vaccine
Although many recipients of Gardasil 9 are too young to drink, those who are old enough to consume alcohol deserve to perform so safely.
RELATED: Gardasil 9 details COVID-19 vaccine
So, what around the coveted COVID-19 vaccine? Can you drink after acquiring your initially or second round shot? Both of the two-dose vaccines, the Moderna COVID-19 vaccine and also the Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine, contain drug label information that does not cite an interactivity with alcohol. The one-dose Janssen COVID-19 vaccine drug label indevelopment (also well-known as the Johnkid & Johnchild COVID-19 vaccine) does not warn against alcohol use either. However, some people report side results of these vaccines, like fever before, chills, and headache—and alcohol might perhaps worsen these symptoms. Thus, it would be wise to avoid alcohol till you check out just how you feel from the COVID-19 vaccine.
What side effects can I mean from vaccines?
Most vaccines are well-tolerated and also market the advantage of protection from severe, life-threatening diseases. The a lot of common side impacts via all vaccines are injection website reactions, such as redness, pain/soreness, swelling, or tenderness. Other side effects include mild body aches, fatigue, headache, fever before, or gastrointestinal side impacts choose nausea, vomiting, or diarrhea.
When need to I issue about side impacts after acquiring vaccinated?
If you’ve ever before had actually a significant side result or allergic reaction, such as trouble breathing, after a vaccine, you will must indevelop your healthcare provider any time you gain a vaccine. Before receiving any kind of vaccine, though, your healthcare provider will evaluation your clinical history to ensure the vaccine is safe to obtain.
Live vaccines, such as the MMR vaccine, must not be offered to pregnant women. You have the right to read more about the CDC guidelines for vaccinating pregnant woguys right here.
See more: Is A Half Circle A Polygon S, Is A Semi Circle Considered A Polygon
Some vaccines need to not be administered to patients via an egg protein allergy, such as Fluzone Quadrivalent. Flucelvax Quadrivalent and also Flublok Quadrivalent are egg-cost-free.
Gardasil 9 may be connected with fainting, so patients will certainly be observed for about 15 minutes after a Gardasil 9 injection.
Your healthtreatment provider will certainly have emergency therapy obtainable in the situation of a significant allergic reactivity.
The bottom line
While vaccines are mainly safe with small to modeprice amounts of alcohol, it’s ideal to wait a day or two until the side effects dissipate. If you execute arrangement to have actually a drink anyway, inspect through your healthtreatment provider, bereason everyone has actually individual circumstances that can impact your reaction to alcohol. And no issue what you decide, remember that excess alcohol is not excellent for your immune mechanism. | 7,299 | 3,181 | 16,502.486011 |
warc | 202143 | Benchmade knives are all about being affordable and being easy to handle.That’s why they’re popular among the home defense crowd.But when it comes to the pros and cons of the knife, you’ll need to know what to look for.This article will take you through the pros of each blade and offer some great tips on
By now you’re probably familiar with the axiom that knives are made of metal.It’s been the mantra of the knife-maker’s movement ever since it first popped up in the mid-19th century, when it was made from wood, a material that was far less likely to rust and corrode than metal.This was an important consideration when
Here are some of the most common types of knives that Australians use.A black or dark wood knife with a large pointed blade.Inspectors say there’s a high probability that knives with this style of blade will be stolen or stolen-for-sale.An industrial knife that has a small, sharp point.Large, long blades with a sharp point are
This knife is great for a smoky mtn knife, especially the one with the smoky eyes and big blade.This is also the best looking knife, with its bright and bold color.For a small knife, this one is the one you want to carry around for the entire day.The smoky eye is nice and bright.The size
How do you make your favorite cobalt blue pocket knife?If you’re looking for a simple, inexpensive way to add a touch of class to your purse, you might want to try this cobalt blade knife.The cobalt is one of the hardest metals on the planet and it’s the best thing to be made in, according
By BBC Sport Correspondent Matt Bracken,A new set of regulations on knives is set to be introduced next year.The new rules will include new definitions for the kinds of knives that can be carried and the way knives are stored.A knife is defined as a knife that can have a blade length of more than
The last thing you want to do is cut yourself on your kitchen knives.If you do cut yourself, there are many other options available to prevent future accidents.This article will focus on the knife called the kizer knife, which can be used to cut a knife.This knife is a very popular one, and is the
NHL players have chosen to cutco-knives as their main gift to charity, joining a growing number of sports figures who are donating their gear.NHL players including Evgeni Malkin, Brad Marchand and Niklas Kronwall have also pledged to donate their gear to a local non-profit organization.“I think it’s a great way to support organizations like the
The most common question I get asked when building a knife is “How do you build a hunting knife?”The answer is, of course, “build it”.For the past few years, I’ve been building a few hunting knives at home and in the field.And after a while, you’ll probably build one yourself.But it’s not just about building
A list of the best and worst knives available in 2017.The knife list is here.1.Swiss Army Classic 2, Swiss Army Knives (SAK) $992.American Knife Co. 1st Series Knives $1253.American Knives ($129.99)4.Knivesmiths ($99)5.Black Diamond Knives by American Knifemakers ($69)6.Blackhawk Knivesby American Kniefemaker ($99.99 and up)7.KnifeCo.by Knifemaker’s Warehouse ($89.99 plus shipping)8.Tanto Knives($99)9.Knifepoints ($129)10.Black Friday by Black Diamond | 3,349 | 1,671 | 6,499.585278 |
warc | 202143 | Many marriages experience more than their fair share of problems and issues. If you’re one of those who may have had enough, then hiring a private investigator for a cheating spouse may be the answer to your problems. Numerous benefits come with hiring a professional to help find out if your partner is cheating on you. They can be frustrating at times, but several warning signs can help detect infidelity in advance.
The following are the benefits of hiring a private investigator for cheating spouses and what might indicate they are unfaithful:
Resolve problems in a marriage
There are several benefits to hiring a private investigator for a cheating spouse. The most obvious of which is that it can resolve problems in a marriage before they get worse. Infidelities can cause permanent and lasting problems if not resolved quickly. You could make their lives miserable by hiring a professional if you decide to bring their infidelity into the public eye. Cheating spouses often take pleasure in their affairs because they think you won’t ever find out about them. The private investigator cheating expert will be able to prove otherwise and give you the evidence to end that affair for good.
Understand the reason for infidelity
Many men and women around the globe are still dealing with their spouse who is trying to cheat on them. Sometimes, it will take days before you finally notice that your spouse has been flirting with someone online or not coming home when they were supposed to. The moment you have that realization, things can change quickly and become hostile. It’s at these moments when hiring a private investigator for a cheating spouse can help out in a big way so both you and your partner can move past this difficult time with peace of mind and understand why the other person did what they did.
Bring to light other hidden affairs
The private investigator will also identify exactly what other affairs your partner is involved in, so if they were cheating on you, they might have also been involved with other people. It’s not unlikely that there are other partners out there who might be more willing to keep quiet about their affairs if you threaten to expose them. If they have given false information about their income or creditworthiness, for example, the PI may be able to show you those inconsistencies and get them sued for fraud.
Know the whereabouts of your spouse
Another benefit is knowing where your spouse is at all times. If you think that they are cheating, and they’re out at a bar all night or spending time with their friends during the day, the private investigator will be able to tell you precisely who they were and where they were during those times.
Bring transparency
If your spouse is in an affair but thinks it’s being kept a secret, the private investigator may be able to show them otherwise. Some affairs progress so far that the two might even believe that they are now in a committed relationship. If your partner has this misconception, then the private investigator could clear things up with any evidence of these false promises by getting pictures of birthday parties or other events taking place in your home.
Provide evidence
When you’re in a marriage with trust issues, the stakes are always high, so satisfyingly getting the evidence you need to prove their infidelity is crucial. The financial and emotional costs of divorce can be incredibly high if not dealt with properly. So, ensure your relationship survives by hiring a professional private investigator that provides an array of services from covert surveillance to digging into criminal history.
Overall, there are many benefits of hiring a private investigator for cheating spouses. While you may be angry with your partner and want to get rid of them, the private investigator can help make it happen under controlled circumstances where they can’t retaliate against you.
If you decide to hire a private investigator, be sure to request a certified one with experience in infidelity cases. Don’t take chances with your trust or personal safety – especially if your partner has been violent in the past. They might react badly when they find out that you have been spying on them, so it’s best to proceed with caution and don’t take any risks.
Conclusion
Infidelity is a very touchy subject. Whether or not you find out that your spouse has been unfaithful, it is never an easy topic to discuss. Whether the offending party acknowledges what they have done wrong or not, it can be hard for you to let go of your negative feelings towards them, as well as allow them back into your life with open arms.
Suppose you think this may be the case with yourself and are looking for someone to talk to about it. In that case, there are many different options available for helping people in similar circumstances get over their hurt and anger to move on with their lives again. One option could be hiring a private investigator. | 5,029 | 2,181 | 11,411.518111 |
warc | 202143 | Display search results for ** instead (26 products) 24 Jul 2018 | North America
Vehicle Sales to Inch Closer to Three-figure Mark, Reaching 102.1 Million in 2020 with Demand from China to Account for about 29% of Total Sales
The automotive industry is highly competitive globally, mainly owing to the changing consumer demands. The global light vehicle market is experiencing a number of transformative shifts that are driven by social, economic, and technology disruptions impacting the new business models being adopted by OEMs and Tier 1 providers. This had led to an ever...
23 Jul 2018 | South Asia, Middle East & North Africa
Growing Vehicle Parc, Technology Evolution Inside the Car, and Increased Disposable Income to Drive the Indian Infotainment Market
The rising standards of living and a burgeoning, upwardly mobile middle class with high disposable incomes and increased Internet penetration are the key factors responsible for the growth of the infotainment system market in the Indian passenger vehicle (PV) industry. GenY, working age population, working women, and the Indian middle class continu...
11 Jun 2018 | Asia Pacific
Vehicle Sales to Cross 3.5 Million Units in 2018 as Japanese Carmakers Continue to Lead the Market in Indonesia and Thailand
Sustained economic growth and infrastructure development should drive ASEAN automotive market growth forecast to 2024. Thailand is expected to register the highest growth while Indonesia will continue to be the largest market. This study presents a detailed overview and analysis of the trends in the automotive markets in ASEAN with particular focu...
24 Apr 2018 | Global
By 2020, OEMs Plan to Offer IoT Experience with AI-based Personalisation, Virtual Assistants and Customised User Experience
The 2018 connected car outlook offers a 360-degree perspective of the global connected car market, answering questions such as: Where are the avenues for growth opportunities? What trends are affecting the growth of the market in different regions? It discusses the outlook for technologies such as human-machine interface (HMI), vehicle-to-everythin...
04 Apr 2018 | North America
Digital Transformation, Industry 4.0, and Disruptive Mobility Services will Influence LATAM´s Recovering Automotive Market
The LATAM Passenger Vehicle market is experiencing a number of transformative shifts that are driven by social, economic and technology disruptions impacting Latin America new and used car sales, and main economic activities, new regulations aiding for fleets renewal, new business models being adopted by OEMs, dealerships, entrepreneurs and Tier 1 ...
27 Mar 2018 | North America
More than 1.6 Million EVs are Likely to be Sold Globally
The electric vehicle market reached the 1.2-million sales mark for the first time, with more than 165 models available for sale. China is leading the market with 48% market share followed by Europe with 26%. Solid-state batteries are likely to be the 'game changers' of future battery chemistries, as they render 2.5 times higher density than lithium...
23 Mar 2018 | North America
Automotive Industry thinks beyond diesel powertrains for the medium term, Strong growth for PHEVs and Advanced Gasoline Combustion Technologies
In 2017, several OEMs made announcements about the future of their powertrains – along the lines of electrification, other powertrain alternatives and the future of diesel. These approaches are driven by the strengthening emission control and fuel economy regulations and advanced testing cycles. OEMs have responded to these measures through diffe...
22 Mar 2018 | North America
Vehicle Sales to Inch Closer to 100 Million Units as Data Monetization Takes Centerstage
The automotive landscape is rapidly changing every year. The convergence of various technologies and industries with the automotive space is creating numerous opportunities in the market. Digitization and connectivity are generating large volumes of usage data, which will enable new revenue streams such as data monetization in the automotive indust...
19 Mar 2018 | Europe
EV Leasing and Private Lease are Expected to Grow 8.8% and 4.0%, Respectively, and be Forerunners that Transform the Leasing Market
Vehicle leasing is seen as a solution to the growing problems faced by companies for their mobility needs, including vehicle funding, fleet maintenance and, more importantly, residual risk handling. Big corporates and businesses, in the current market conditions, are focused on their core products/services and would like to outsource all other supp...
15 Mar 2018 | North America
The Global Autonomous Driving Market is Expected Grow up to $173.15 B by 2030, with Shared Mobility Services Contributing to 65.31%
2018 will see the first true deployment of automation where the vehicle will tell the driver with the first level 3 (L3) autonomous capability by taking the driver out of the loop to be introduced next year. Ironically, this may happen through a software patch update or a flagship generational product launch. Regardless of the medium through which ... | 5,341 | 2,480 | 10,983.508065 |
warc | 202143 | 2On the Reliability of Real Measurement Data for Assessing Power Quality DisturbancesAlexandre Brandao NassifHydro One Inc.,Toronto, ON, Canada1. IntroductionPower quality assessment is a power engineering field that is first and foremost driven by real data measurements. All the power quality assessment applications rely on results from real data processing. Take as an example the art of harmonic filter design, which is an engineering field notoriously known for relying on simulation-based planning; in this technical assessment, data recordings are indirectly used for finding the frequency response (or R-X plots) of the system impedance that is/are in turn used to determine the...
Chủ đề: | 716 | 443 | 1,128.14447 |
warc | 202143 | BIBLE GOD FORBIDS SCIENCE
It is necessary to believe that the Bible is the word of God in order to be a Christian. It is clear that all of its writings are breathed out by God - that is, to be treated as if they are words coming from a divine mouth.
The Bible is an evil book just because it opposes science. Science means checking things out and researching to make sure that we do know what we believe we know. Science is always open to changing its mind and seeks and welcomes challenge. But the Bible demands that the Bible be believed and we are expected to continue believing even when science and archaeology conflict with the Bible. This is unjust and offensive to those good decent scientists who are trying to enlighten the world. It means they have to spend funds on trying to counteract religion's lying propaganda when they could be using that money for research. Religion's antics are ultimately to blame for sidelining science and because of that we are still left with the plague of cancer and HIV.
The Bible has kept Europe and the world back from progress. It was only as unbelief and scepticism towards the Bible increased that we were able to make the discoveries that have benefited us so much today. To say God comes first is to say his word comes before all other words. Faith comes first so faith is the enemy of science and freethought and reason. It only uses these things to suit itself but it will not let them speak for themselves so it is only pretending to be a friend. If faith comes first then it will ignore or twist or deliberately forget anything that tells it that it is wrong. Many promoters of Bible based religion are enemies of the human race no matter how much good they do.
BIBLE VERSUS SCIENCE The old prejudice that the Bible is not in harmony with science is right. But it takes a bit of work to defend it because it involves exposing Christian half-truths, lies and trickery. What Christians do is that they assume the Bible is all true. Then they interpret science and even the Bible itself where there is a contradiction in such a way that no disagreement seems to exist. No matter how wrong or silly or incoherent a book is you will end up concluding that it is entirely true if you assume that it is entirely true. This happens with Muslims in relation to the Quran, Mormons with the revelations of Joseph Smith and Catholics in relation to the pope and Church teaching. To assume something like that and then to conclude that because it all adds up and agrees it is the word of God is really making a God out of your assumption and all the harm you do in the name of God is unforgivable and poor God gets the blame. In Revelation 6:13 we read that when Jesus, the Lamb opens the sixth seal, the earth is cast into chaos and the stars of Heaven fall down on it. Though when some of the other seals were opened the author saw a symbolic vision there is nothing symbolic in this bit. Christians cannot say that the falling stars stand for something and are not real stars. The answer that God will reduce the size of the stars so that they can fall on earth shows that religion can explain away any error if it believes in miracles. For example, the Hindu Bible, the Vedas, say that the light of the moon is its own light and that the earth is a flat triangle. Hindus could say that the earth has been turned into a sphere and the moon illuminated by the sun since that time by a miraculous transforming divine power. God might have done this for one of those inscrutable divine purposes that Christians go on about. Revelation 9:1 has a star that fell to earth which was given the key to the bottomless pit and is referred to as he. So this star is a symbol. But since Revelation does not tell us that the stars in the other part were symbols they are not. The majority held the earth to be flat in the past so fundamentalists see a miracle in Isaiah 40:22 where God is said to sit on the circle of the earth. The original word for circle here also means sphere. But Isaiah may have subscribed to the common view that the earth was a flat circle. The circle idea was popular for the sky looked like a dome. Even the fundamentalist booklet, Verbal Inspiration of the Bible, says that the literal translation is roundness (page 23). The magazine, Free Inquiry (Fall 1998, Vol 18, No 4, page 50) informs us that since the verse argues that God sits above the circle of the earth and makes the heavens like a curtain that this is most likely to mean the roundness that appears when you look at the horizon. The word used for circle has the same root as the word for horizon in Hebrew and related languages. Eratosthenes of Alexandria who came a few centuries after Isaiah knew that the world was a sphere and was able to work out its circumference with surprising accuracy. It is credulity to say that Isaiah must be the word of God if it knew about the roundness, when this Greek did and especially when Isaiah would have been more clear had he intended to give a supernatural proof. Lots of ancient books have made some accurate guesses. The Bible prophet Isaiah says that the earth has four corners (Isaiah 11:12) – flat in other words. Fundamentalists surmise that this is not meant literally and is the same as us saying that the sun rises in the morning though we know that it does not rise but only looks like it does. But it is different for us to say that the sun rises for everybody knows that it is just a figure of speech. The figure of speech is just a carry over from the days we thought the sun did rise. The figure of speech was not the case with Isaiah and the four corners for he lived in an age that would have taken it literally. His book was written for people who would have done that therefore he did mean it literally. The fundamentalists just take the circle reference literally because it is right instead of taking the corners one literally. That is dishonest scholarship. It is reading what we know now back into the Bible. When you start doing that you can make the Bible mean anything you want. It is their blinkered interpretations they honour as the word of God not the Bible. The verse says that a signal will be erected for the nations to gather the people of Israel back to their land implying that the earth is flat for you can’t see the signal from most parts of the world for the world is a globe. Isaiah would have written simply that Israel will be collected from the earth and not the four corners of the earth if he had not meant to make a statement that the world was flat. Best to avoid symbols that may be taken up wrong. When the Devil took Jesus up a huge mountain to show him all the kingdoms of the world the world must be flat. He did not see them in a vision for why would we be told that Jesus was taken up a high mountain to see them when he could see a vision anywhere? Before Christians would admit an error in the Bible they would say that the world was flat until God turned it into a sphere after the Bible was finished. The Bible is necessarily hostile to science because it claims to be superior to science while science says evidence and investigation and science come first. It was written before science made its big discoveries and still claims to come first therefore to be a Christian and a scientist is impossible. The scientist who says he is a Christian is probably watering down his Christianity. He needs to select the label Semi-Christian or Pseudo-Christian. | 7,493 | 3,370 | 16,624.676855 |
warc | 202143 | I remember Lou Hardin when he took over at the University of Central Arkansas and practically doubled the size of that university. He was the toast of the town and he could do no wrong. However, he started gambling and the result was that he lost everything. The Arkansas Times reported on September 17, 2011:
THE HARDINS: Mary Hardin wrote court about her husband Lu: “I also hope you’ll see the other side of what you’ve been told about Lu. He is remorseful, contrite, and completely humbled.” (Photo by Brian Chilson) Chuck Banks, the attorney for Lu Hardin, filed his pleading yesterday in federal court asking for leniency in sentencing Sept. 26 for Hardin, the former University of Central Arkansas president who has pleaded guilty to wire fraud in a bonus scheme he worked out in part to cover gambling debts.
Here’s the complete filing. From it:
The following factors are presented for the Court’s consideration in granting a probationary or alternative sentence, not as an excuse for Hardin’s behavior, but so that the Court can see the true man. These factors include: (1) Hardin’s acceptance of responsibility, extreme remorse and post-offense rehabilitation; (2) Hardin’s lifetime of service to the public and charitable organizations; (3) Hardin’s almost immediate payment of full restitution; (4) Hardin’s cooperation and other punishments already suffered because of the offense; and (5) Hardin’s recovering gambling addition.
So the question for readers: Has Hardin been punished enough by the public embarrassment and job and professional losses he’s experienced?
The complete filing is worth reading. It contains a biography (left fielder on a championship American Legion baseball team); has excerpts from many of the letters written in his behalf (son Scott Hardin: ” … the most honest man I have ever met. He has always been quick to call penalties on himself on the golf course, teaching me it is the only way to play the game….”), and it addresses the gambling that helped land him in court.
As explained in several of the letters of support provided to the Court, Lu Hardin has lived a life that has been a positive influence on others. He has been in an unquestioned faithful marriage for more than thirty years and he does not drink, smoke, or curse.
Approximately twelve years ago while on vacation, Hardin and his wife first played legal slot machines. He has never participated in any illegal gambling and in fact did not participate in any other form of legal gambling such as wagering on cards, dice, horses, or sporting events. His sole endeavor was slot machines which are known to be one of the most addictive forms of gambling. Although he was very financially stable when he began playing slot machines, what began as small stakes entertainment elevated to playing high stakes slot machines resulting in significant losses.
Hardin’s prior financial responsibility had him debt free at age 39 including owning a home in Russellville, Arkansas that was completely paid for. However, Hardin progressed from solid financial responsibility to deep debt. Lu Hardin took great pains accompanied with significant personal anguish to keep his legal wagering and the accompanying losses from his church, his friends, his board, other professionals, and any associated with the public except his wife.
Last year Hardin recognized he truly had an issue and has been attending Gamblers Anonymous since that date. He has been working the program, has a sponsor, and has not gambled in any shape, form, or fashion. Hardin has been proactive in his rehabilitation from gambling addiction and is ready to move forward with his life never entering a casino again.
__________________________________
Here is an excellent article from Crosswalk.com:
Michael Vlach, Author Friday, October 15, 2004
An old joke asks: How can you tell when a gambler is lying? Answer: When his lips are moving. Unfortunately, this is often true for people who are addicted to gambling.
In his book
Chance to Change, Michael Vlach explains that gambling and lying go hand in hand. “Problem gamblers usually do not have to think about lying and deception-it comes naturally,” he says. “To whom do problem gamblers lie? Everyone. This includes his or her spouse, parents, children, other relatives, friends, neighbors, employers, and coworkers. Gamblers also lie to themselves and to God.”
For a problem gambler, lying takes many forms. It may be saying you “broke even” at the casino, when really you lost $400. Or, it may mean telling your spouse you had to work late, when in reality you were at the racetrack. Or saying you lost a nice piece of jewelry that you really sold to the local pawnshop so you would have money to gamble.
Reflecting on her days as a problem gambler, Jane says, “I was beginning to lie to my own parents. Even to my own husband. I was beginning to believe my own lies; that’s the saddest thing.”
The same was true for Andy. “I lied to bill collectors about why I wasn’t getting my bills paid on time. ‘Oh, I’ve sent the check today,’ or, ‘I just got injured.’ I’d give them the sob story,” he states.
Lying can involve living a secret life, deception, manipulation, and even blaming others. Lying also involves rationalizations A gambler might think,
everyone has his or her own form of recreation, mine just happens to be gambling.Or, I don’t have a gambling problem. You should see Joe; he loses a lot more money than I do.
No matter what the excuse is, there is one form of lying that is especially prevalent among problem gamblers. Vlach says, “Most problem gamblers are in denial. They have a cancer called gambling addiction that is killing them, and they refuse to see it. Those closest to the gambler clearly see it, but the gambler says, ‘I don’t have a gambling problem.'”
Embracing the Truth
God is “the God of truth” (Psalm 31:5). And He cannot lie (Hebrews 6:18). In fact, God hates lying. So how does a person who has lived a life of lying change his ways? He must not only commit to putting away all forms of lying, he must also actively embrace the truth.
If you have had trouble with gambling, remember, the truth will set you free. Jesus said, “I am the way, the truth, and the life” (John 14:6). Take Andy’s advice: “Life is good when you don’t have to lie.”
8 Most Common Lies Gamblers Tell Themselves
Gambling addiction and lying go hand in hand. The following lists the 8 most common lies gamblers tell themselves.
1. “One more trip to gamble won’t hurt.”
2. “I need to go gamble to see my friends.”
3. “I’m a loser, so who cares if I gamble.”
4. “I deserve to gamble, because I have had a hard week.”
5. “Gambling is how I handle stress.”
6. “Nobody is perfect; everyone has problems; gambling just happens to be mine.”
7. “This is the last time I’m going to gamble.”
8. “Gambling isn’t my problem; other people are the real problem.”
Originally posted in CW Finances in Oct. 2004.
Adapted from Chance to Change: Help for Problem Gamblers by Michael Vlach. Used by permission of the author.
Church Initiativehas created a 13-week video series for churches entitled Chance to Change: Christ-Centered Gambling Recovery.This resource empowers churches to reach problem gamblers in their communities. The videos feature instruction from forty Christian counselors, pastors, and financial experts. For more information, visit www.chancetochange.org. You can also view their other resources at www.churchinitiative.com. | 7,842 | 3,689 | 15,854.062348 |
warc | 202143 | A stock broker or private equity investor or share trader is someone or a business involved in trading stocks and trying to make money from the sale and purchase of those stocks. There are many different types of stock brokers and they specialize in different areas such as commercial banking, mutual funds, investment banks, brokerage houses, insurance companies, and other financial markets. Most stock brokers are independent firms that do not work for any one company. Some of them are also part of large investment companies such as Warren Buffet.
Share trading is not a new concept, but stock trading is relatively new. Prior to the age of computers and the internet, trading shares was done mostly by people on the telephone and through brokers who negotiated deals and bought or sold shares as the case may be. Today, you can trade online as well. However, there are risks involved. You must understand these risks before getting involved in stock trading and choosing which company to invest in.
Share trading is one of the most popular ways to invest money and make a profit. It has been around for many years and is relatively safe, unlike the stock market. In stock markets, things change so fast that it is not always easy to know what will happen next day. You must pay attention to the news, analyze trends, and decide whether or not it would be a good idea to buy or sell your shares. While there are some advantages to trading in shares on the stock exchange such as liquidity (which allows you to buy and sell shares without going through a broker), it also means that you have to pay commission fees to trade on the stock exchange.
When you trade in stocks on the stock exchange, you are actually trading in something that has a price and a value. It is known as commodities. For instance, if you are trading gold, you would be buying a commodity that has a fixed value in the eyes of the stock exchange. If you are lucky, then you will make money.
However, this does not mean that every trader will be a winner. Most traders lose money because they choose the wrong company to invest in, do not manage their capital correctly, do not determine when to exit a position, do not monitor the trends of the commodities, and/or do not have enough knowledge to make good decisions. All investors will lose money at some point, even if they manage their capital properly. To become a profitable investor, you need to choose the right company to trade in. Since there are a number of different stock exchanges available in the UK, investors usually choose the one that best suits their needs.
Although the internet has made it possible for small businesses and individuals to access information about different companies and shares, it does not eliminate the role of an experienced stock broker in helping investors manage their portfolio. There are many firms that offer online trading, but only a few provide good customer service and a solid history of successful trading. To avoid falling prey to fraudsters, it is important that investors choose firms with a history of providing good service to clients. Also, experienced brokers know the market very well, so they will be able to provide accurate and timely information to clients. | 3,256 | 1,512 | 6,996.52381 |
warc | 202143 | EDITORIAL: Live and let live
The need of the hour is that all parties gear their efforts towards making the announced local level polls a success
The violence and deaths that happened on Monday (March 6) in Rajbiraraj of Saptari are incidents of grave concern as these harm social harmony and the culture of political tolerance that is a vital part of democracy.
It is very hard to look sympathetically upon the violence and vandalism, including reports of planting of a bomb and throwing of a petrol bomb, apart from, among other things, stone-throwing, in the process of disturbing the mass meeting held by the main opposition CPN-UML.
The killings of three Madhesi Morcha protesters and the injuries to several people in the police firing are tragic incidents. Conflicting versions of the incidents have been received, including as regards the shootings, and blame game has started.
The CDO and the SSP of the district have been recalled to the capital. The tragedy resulted from the practice of the politics of prohibition and failure to abide by the principle of live and let live.
The CPN-UML started its long-planned Mechi-Mahakali National Campaign from Jhapa on March 4 and entered Rajbiraj on March 6 to hold its public meeting to tell the people what it stands for, in view of the upcoming local level elections slated for May 14.
The Constitution guarantees political parties, organizations and groups their right to express their political views peacefully. Madhesi Morcha should have refrained from obstructing or trying to disrupt the UML rally in Rajbiraj.
To repeat, every political party, group or every citizen, have the right to organize a mass meeting peacefully in any place of the country. There is no place for violence in a democracy. Any attempt by anybody to violate this democratic and constitutional right cannot be defended. Madhesi Morcha has said the Police resorted to use of excess force.
This should be properly investigated to avoid any untoward incident that could happen in the future. Political parties across the board must realise that confrontation, or violence of any kind, does not lead the country anywhere, nor will any side benefit in the long run.
Instead, confrontation undermines democracy, could potentially promote communal discords, ultimately setting up the country in the vicious cycle of underdevelopment as has been the case over the past decades. It just doesn’t serve anybody’s purpose.
The parties concerned should therefore try and sit together to settle their differences through conciliation, and regarding those points on which they fail to agree, they should leave these to be sorted out through a democratic process in which the majority should be respected.
Otherwise, the democracy we have would be rendered irrelevant. As the result of the Saptari incidents, the Madhesi Morcha has announced protest programmes, and the two-day Tarai bandh they have been enforcing since yesterday has affected normal daily life there.
The UML’s three-day postponement of its Mechi-Mahakali campaign can be considered a step in not making the situation worse.
The need of the hour is that all parties gear their efforts towards making the announced local level polls a success, and the government and all political actors should help create an enabling environment for fair, peaceful and credible local elections on the stipulated date.
All stakeholders should take a step back and re-engage in dialogue and negotiations with all the more urgency to restore calm and normalcy in Saptari, and take the right steps to end the painful transition.
Welcome comeback
Over the years the population of white-rumped vultures has been dwindling at an alarming level. If this species of vulture is not protected then it is feared that they would become extinct, which would be very unfortunate.
However, the news report about the hatching of nine white-rumped vulture nestlings should be taken up with enthusiasm. The breeding centre at the Kalsara based Chitwan National Park has been collecting nestlings from across the country.
These vultures are being threatened by the effects of climate change, the destruction of their habitat and also the use of drugs for cultivation and the food scarcity faced by them.
The breeding centre is home to 25 male and 31 female vultures. The female vultures had laid 15 eggs of which nine of them hatched. The breeding centre should receive the due attention it deserves.
Presently, one vet and three caregivers are looking after these endangered species.
Adequate measures should, therefore, be taken to preserve the habitat of these vultures and farmers should refrain from using certain pesticides that results in the death of many of the vultures. | 4,770 | 2,216 | 10,183.605596 |
warc | 202143 | In a tertiary (3°) alcohol, the carbon atom holding the -OH group is attached directly to three alkyl groups, which may be any combination of same or different.
What makes a tertiary alcohol?
A tertiary alcohol is a compound in which a hydroxy group, ‒OH, is attached to a saturated carbon atom which has three other carbon atoms attached to it.
What makes an alcohol primary secondary or tertiary?
Alcohols are organic molecules containing a hydroxyl functional group connected to an alkyl or aryl group (ROH). If the hydroxyl carbon only has a single R group, it is known as primary alcohol. If it has two R groups, it is a secondary alcohol, and if it has three R groups, it is a tertiary alcohol.
Is a tertiary alcohol?
If in the molecule of an alcohol the carbon atom bearing the alcohol group is bonded to three carbon atoms, the alcohol is called a tertiary (3°) alcohol. eg: See also primary alcohol and secondary alcohol.
Why are tertiary alcohols oxidised?
Tertiary alcohols (R3COH) are resistant to oxidation because the carbon atom that carries the OH group does not have a hydrogen atom attached but is instead bonded to other carbon atoms. … The carbon-to-hydrogen bonding is easily broken under oxidative conditions, but carbon-to-carbon bonds are not.
What is an example of tertiary alcohol?
In the case of tertiary alcohol, three carbon atoms are bonded to the alpha-carbon. Example –tert-butyl alcohol.
Which of the following is tertiary alcohol?
Thus 2-methylbutan-2-ol is a tertiary alcohol.
Can you oxidize a tertiary alcohol?
The oxidation of alcohols is an important reaction in organic chemistry. Primary alcohols can be oxidized to form aldehydes and carboxylic acids; secondary alcohols can be oxidized to give ketones. Tertiary alcohols, in contrast, cannot be oxidized without breaking the molecule’s C–C bonds.
Is 1 Methylcyclopentanol a tertiary alcohol?
The structure of 1-methylcyclopentanol is: The alcohol group (-OH) in the compound is bonded to a tertiary carbon as the carbon is bonded to three other carbon atom groups. … So, the type of alcohol is a tertiary alcohol.
Which alcohol is more soluble in water Primary Secondary or tertiary?
Thus, The solubility increases with increase in the number of branches because increase in branching increases the surface area of the non-polar hydrocarbon. Thus, the solubility increases which means that tertiary butyl isomer alcohol will be more soluble in water as compared n butyl and isobutyl.
Is 3 hexanol a tertiary alcohol?
Hexan-3-ol is a hexanol in which the hydroxy group is at position 3. … It is a secondary alcohol and a hexanol.
Is CH3CH2CH2OH a tertiary alcohol?
Expert Answers
1-propanol is considered a primary alcohol, because the hydroxyl group (-OH) is attached to the first carbon atom in the chain. It has the chemical formula of CH3CH2CH2OH. 1-propanol is an organic compound, which means it has mostly as its formula atoms of carbon and hydrogen.
Why dehydration of tertiary alcohol is easy?
Tertiary forms of alcohol are easiest to dehydrate as the carbocations are more stable and thus easier to form compared to primary and secondary carbocations. For dehydration to take place, the alcohol must be heated to roughly 50⁰C in 5% H₂SO₄.
Can KMNO4 oxidize a tertiary alcohol?
Yes, that’s right. Tertiary alcohols readily undergo elimination to yield alkenes, then the KMNO4 reacts with the alkene to give syn dihydroxylation.
Which alcohol is most readily oxidized?
Primary alcohol gets easily oxidized to an aldehyde and can further be oxidized to carboxylic acids too. Secondary alcohol gets easily oxidized to ketone but further oxidation is not possible. Tertiary alcohol doesn’t get oxidized in the presence of sodium dichromate.
Why does tertiary alcohol react faster?
Tertiary alcohols are more reactive because the increased number of alkyl groups increases +I effect. So, the charge density on carbon atom increases and hence around oxygen atom. | 4,060 | 1,641 | 9,790.018282 |
warc | 202143 | Last week’s Queen’s Speech inevitably focused on Brexit. A lot of the subsequent media coverage highlighted the Conservative manifesto pledges that were missing: specific changes to the social care means-test; the means-testing of the Winter Fuel Allowance; and plans for new grammar schools. But councils will have noticed another notable absence: a Local Government Finance Bill. With the 2016/17 Bill failing to pass before the election, where does this leave reforms to the local government finance system?
First up, there is legally no reason why the Fair Funding Review cannot go ahead as planned: changes to the formulas and methods used to assess councils’ funding needs are allowed under existing legislation. But that does not mean the fallout from the election will not affect the review. Politically, delivering it was always going to be difficult. Because it will leave the overall quantum of funding unchanged, gains from the review for one council mean losses for another. And it’s a fair bet that those councils losing will make more of a noise than those gaining, some of whom may think they are still relatively under-funded and should have gained even more. A weakened government may feel less able to rock the boat and create lots of angry losers (and ungrateful winners). So what could it do?
It could try to find extra money to boost the overall quantum of funding for local government: benefitting winners and losers alike. Talk of the ‘end of austerity’ might make this possible, but there will be many calls for additional funding – not least the NHS. It’s also not yet clear what impact Brexit will have on available revenues.
For less money, the Government could instead target money at the losers by introducing a transitional protection scheme, limiting the scale of year-on-year funding cuts (perhaps to a cash-terms freeze, as is typical for transitional protection schemes for people impacted by benefits reforms). Or it could rely on damping mechanisms, slowly phasing in the gains for winning councils to pay for a slow phase-in of the losses for losing councils. But while damping was always going to be a part of the Fair Funding Review – large overnight changes in funding can be difficult to deal with, for winners as well as losers – if taken too far it would call the entire exercise into question, and risk pleasing no-one.
Things are more complex for the move to 100% business rates retention. The government could go ahead with the headline policy itself: it is already piloting 100% retention, without new legislation, after all. But a host of changes planned alongside 100% retention do require legislation. Councils would probably be happy to see the back of some of these – such as giving the Government the power to mandate and dissolve pooling arrangements. But they may be less happy about being unable to reduce the business rates multiplier, introduce property-owner business improvement districts (BIDs), or, in the case of mayoral combined authorities, levy an infrastructure supplement.
One of the biggest complaints councils have with the existing partial business rates retention scheme is the risk resulting from appeals against VOA valuations. IFS research has shown appeals have had markedly different impacts on revenues in different parts of the country, so plans to compensate councils for revenue losses as a result of backdated appeals under the 100% retention scheme, would have sensibly insulated councils from a big risk outside of their control. However, it is unclear whether the necessary compensation payments could be made without new legislation: provisions for such payments were set out in the 2016–17 Local Government Finance Bill.
If it is not, councils will have to ask whether they want 100% business rates retention, if that means 100% of the risk associated with appeals. Central government should also ask whether a move to 100% retention makes sense in such circumstances.
If there is a pause, there is a silver lining: a chance for a broader re-think of local government finance and the balance of responsibilities between central and local government. Is retention of the remainder of business rates the right new revenue stream for councils or should they receive a portion of local income tax revenues instead? Should we be focusing on the structure of business rates (and for that matter council tax) rather than the allocation of revenues? Is it sensible to fund an area like adult social care, with rising demand and increasing political pressure for more generous and more consistent service standards, from constrained and varying sources of revenue like local taxes?
So the Queen’s Speech poses more questions for local government finance than it answers. And in-depth debate and analysis remains as important as ever.
David Phillips is association director at the Institute for Fiscal Studies | 4,963 | 2,325 | 10,431.905806 |
warc | 202143 | Scotland’s national parks are requiring immediate assistance on resuming public toilets safely and consistently, after weekend reports of regional residents near beaches and beauty areas finding human excrement left by daytrippers.
The World Health Company has actually acknowledged the restrictions of traditional public toilet design in the coronavirus age, issuing assistance on handwashing that recommends utilizing a paper towel to shut off taps.
” The problem is the very same across the UK,” stated Raymond Martin, of the British Toilet Association. “A couple of councils have reopened their toilets for the bank holiday weekends, but numerous are waiting on federal government assistance. You have people defecating all over the location.”
Standard toilet blocks will need considerable reconfiguring to allow for more regular cleaning and physical distancing. There are a lot of innovative– and frequently expensive– solutions available, including queuing systems, personal privacy boards between urinals, foot-button flushing, more area for hand basins in cubicles, sensing unit taps and self-cleaning interiors.
But as national parks, councils, bars and restaurants across Scotland prepare to resume some outdoor facilities in a second phase of reducing lockdown, perhaps later on this month, there are require speedier fixes.
James Fraser, the chair of Pals of Loch Lomond and the Trossachs, the closest national park to Glasgow, stated: “People are here in volume in the countryside already. We require practical services and they require to be ready soon.”
Fraser suggested a short-term option might be provision of well-kept portable toilets at popular places, which would permit updating of toilet buildings over the autumn and winter.
Business that supply outdoor toilets in Scotland already report an increase in interest from locations such as lorry parks and building and construction websites, making up to some extent for the interruption of their normal seasonal wedding and celebration work.
Grant Moir, the president of the Cairngorns National Park Authority, described toilets as “top on the list of problems to solve”, including that more information on the safe use of short-lived toilets was required.
” People are still touching the same handle to get in and out … there’s a lot to get right, and what we require now is assistance so that everyone understands how to keep both employees and the public safe therefore that we are being consistent, and we want to have that in hand prior to additional reducing happens,” he stated.
With conversations continuing in between national parks, councils and the Scottish federal government, local firms are mindful extra cleaning and redesign will demand considerable resources. See Scotland has just recently been administering grants for rural tourism infrastructure, much of which has actually gone to developing toilet centers in areas of high demand, such as Skye or along the North Coast 500 driving path.
While local concerns about advertisement hoc evacuations throughout the countryside are easy to understand, Raymond Martin argues that the reopening of public toilets is as much about health and wellbeing and social addition as waste management.
The lockdown is particularly hard on people with health conditions such as Crohn’s disease and colitis, who need access to toilets more routinely and sometimes at short notice, as well as for families with small children.
The need for repurposed toilets will become more pushing again if, as anticipated, millions of Britons stay in the UK for staycations this summertime
” The numbers coming out of lockdown are one thing, but what takes place when you have everyone holidaying in the UK over the summertime? Facilities have to be ready by then,” Martin said. | 3,895 | 1,914 | 7,710.634796 |
warc | 202143 | Markets Are Starting To Question The “Transitory” Narrative
By Ven Ram, Bloomberg Markets Live Analyst and Commentator
When chess grandmasters meet, the opening moves are usually well-rehearsed. Then, when one makes a single non-standard move, the game becomes intriguing.
Similarly, inflation markets were moving lock-step with the Fed’s guidance so far in the current cycle. Now, traders seem to be tempting the Fed with a non-standard move by pricing faster inflation than perhaps the monetary authorities would be comfortable with.
Forward inflation swaps in the U.S. closed Friday — the day we got a payrolls print lower than all but one economist had forecast — near the highest since 2017, uncorking latent fears. In the euro zone, traders haven’t been this optimistic about future inflation in years. In the U.K., expectations of faster inflation have been evident a while, with the 10-year breakeven rate touching 4% last week.
In other words,
traders across several G-10 markets seem to be questioning the central banks’ collective refrain that inflation is transitory. However, while there is no fixed definition of what constitutes transitory, the markets may have decided that what they are seeing doesn’t fit the bill.
Clearly, that has implication for yields, term premiums and central banks’ terminal rates. It may mark the start of a next phase of excitement in the markets led by rates.
The question now is whether the Fed and other central banks accept the traders’ gambit or continue to play a different line.
Tyler Durden
Mon, 10/11/2021 – 12:00 | 1,633 | 900 | 2,841.42 |
warc | 202143 | Wash utensils with hot water and gloves
Any dishes, glasses, or cups used by the sick person should be handled with gloves and not bare hands. Additionally, the caregivers must either wash them in a dishwasher or with soap and hot water. Avoid sharing personal items
Understanding how to quarantine at home with family can be trickier than you thought. This is because we tend to share everyday items of use with each other. However, when it comes to sharing a space with an infected family member, sharing items such as towels, cups, dishes, glasses, electronic items, or bedding should be avoided religiously. Disinfect your house
An important aspect of observing quarantine at home is to get it disinfected every day. Clean your house with a product containing detergent or soap. Clean all surfaces that have been touched, especially after having visitors at home. Some high-touch surfaces include tables, doorknobs, light switches, handles, countertops, and remote controls. Wear a mask
Before you enter the patient’s room, wear a mask and have them wear one too. Additionally, wear gloves before touching any kind of fluid around them. It can also include their urine, saliva, vomit, mucus, etc. Wash your hands
Make sure to wash your hands every now and then with water and soap for at least 20 seconds. Soap has been proven to kill the Covid-19 virus. Encourage the rest of the family to do the same too. Keep sanitizers at every corner of your house for use in case there isn’t plenty of soap and water available. Keep your hands off your nose, eyes, and mouth as much as possible. Stock up your house
Being in quarantine can affect your ability to access markets and get daily supplies. Therefore, always keep your house stocked up with all necessary grocery items before you start isolating or have someone drop them by at your door. | 1,861 | 969 | 3,539.54902 |
warc | 202143 | Ultrasound scan
How nice is it to see your child for the first time, to see and hear the heart beating for the first time and to see how your child moves?! We find this an enrichment of our profession and therefore have an extensive package of different echoes. There are standard echoes in pregnancy which are reimbursed by the insurance and non medical echoes (for fun, for example a gender reveal) which you have to pay yourself. We can make 2D and 3D echoes and give you pictures. With the 3D echoes you get a USB stick with the pictures and a movie, so that you can still admire your child at home.
Vitality ultrasound
During pregnancy, there are various times when we want to measure and view your child. The first time you visit our practice (at around 7 to 8 weeks) we find it important to see that the embryo is in the womb if it is only one embryo and that the heart is beating. This echo is not reimbursed by the insurance, but because we find this ultrasound very important, we do it for free. Important with this ultrasound is that you come with a full bladder. This often makes the imaging a lot better. Sometimes your child is still very small and it is difficult to visualize the child through the belly. Then an internal ultrasound is needed. This is always done in consultation and does not hurt. You get the first pictures for the scrapbook!
Term echo
During the second check we want to determine the time that you are pregnant (for approximately 11 weeks). Then you will receive a due date. With this ultrasound we measure the child from head to tailbone to see how big the child is and on that basis we determine the due date. This echo is reimbursed from the basic insurance and you do not have to pay it yourself. Also with this ultrasound it is again important that you come with a full bladder to improve the image quality. Sometimes it is necessary to look internally if the imaging through the abdomen is not optimal, or if the child is not in good position. We will of course do this again in consultation.
Gender echo
If you are curious about your child’s gender, it is possible to arrange a gender ultrasound at 15 weeks. This echo is not reimbursed by insurance and you must therefore pay for it yourself. The costs of this echo are € 30. During this ultrasound we will let you know what the gender is (or write it down on a note for a gender reveal) and we will make pictures of the face. You get prints to take home.
20 week ultrasound (structural ultrasound examination)
The 20-week ultrasound takes place between 18 and 21 weeks of the pregnancy. At the 20-week ultrasound (also called structural ultrasound examination) the child is viewed from head to toe to see if there are any abnormalities. Examples of this are: open back or open skull, but also clubfoot and heart defects. We look at the growth of the child, where the placenta is located and how much amniotic fluid you have. On the basis of the ultrasound it is determined whether further ultrasounds will be performed or whether a referral to the hospital is required. This echo lasts approximately 45 – 60 minutes. The midwife carrying out the ultrastound must be able to concentrate well. That is why we ask you not to take children under the age of 12 with you to this ultrasound.
Prior to this echo, you will be informed in detail (or counseled) because it is always your own choice whether you want this echo or not. This conversation is already conducted at the first check-up.
Echo for non-medical purposes (fun echo)
If you want to look at your child again, it is possible to schedule an echo. The best time for this is between 23 and 30 weeks. After this, the child often goes down into the pelvis and the face is not always as beautiful to portray. We can make 2D and 3D images and put these images on a USB stick so that you can view them at home. This ultrasound is not reimbursed by the insurance and is therefore at your own expense. A 2D echo costs € 50 and a 3D echo costs € 75.
Growth echo
Growth echoes are performed on indication. For example, if the 20-week ultrasound shows that your child is on the big or small side. In addition, we feel your belly with every check. If we doubt the position or size of the child, we will perform an ultrasound. These echoes are therefore reimbursed from the basic insurance and you do not have to pay a contribution for this. This ultrasound is performed at different times during the pregnancy. With this ultrasound we measure the size of the child. Depending on the ultrasound findings, the examination may be repeated. If there is no indication for a growth echo but you still want us to measure the growth of the child, this is possible at your own expense. This costs € 38.92 (in accordance with insurance prices).
Placental localization
If during the twenty-week ultrasound it appears that the placenta is low (near the cervix), an extra ultrasound is performed around 30 – 33 weeks to locate the placenta. The growth of the child is taken into account. If at this period it appears that the placenta is too close to the cervix, you will be referred to the hospital. This ultrasound is reimbursed from the basic insurance.
Amniotic fluid measurement
At the end of the pregnancy (between 40 and 41 weeks) we always measure the amount of amniotic fluid and we look at the condition of the placenta. Based on this and in consultation with you, we will see what the desired moment is for the child to be born (wait a little longer or arrange an introduction at the hospital). This echo is not reimbursed as standard from the insurance, but we find this echo very important and we will perform it free of charge. | 5,721 | 2,359 | 13,741.070793 |
warc | 202143 | desloratadine actavis 5 mg dosage
Atmospheric deposition of sulphur and nitrogen compounds may lead to enhanced leaching of base cations, accumulation of nitrogen in organic matter, lowered pH and increased concentration of toxic aluminium in soil, which in turn may affect the vitality of forest trees. The authors report their experience on male breast carcinoma based on a series of 16 cases diagnosed between 1981 and 1988 at the City Hospital of Alessandria. Ten patients originating from West and North-East France are reported in this retrospective study. The results were as follows: LVG disclosed that the depth of negative T waves in apical hypertrophic cardiomyopathy was significantly related to the absolute thickness of apical segment itself rather than the difference in the distribution of thickness from the basal to apical segment of the left ventricle. The main sources of errors of the method were estimated, and their numeric values were given. As one of the fastest areas of industry expansion, 3D additive manufacturing will change techniques across biomedical applications, from research and testing models to surgical planning, device manufacturing, and tissue or organ replacement. The antioxidant enzyme catalase had no significant effect on control tissues but it partially protected nerve growth factor from H(2)O(2) injury. In linear variables giving deviations from the reference planes, in angular variables and in indices, Lapps usually show the highest mean values.
desloratadine 5 mg price
These improvements were achieved using significantly lower laser powers and overall excitation times, thereby drastically decreasing photobleaching during repeated scanning. We included patients who underwent breast surgery between August of 2005 and June of 2006 in two tertiary referral centers in Mexico City. Universal dynamical decoupling of a single solid-state spin from a spin bath. Moral Imperialism in NIH Fogarty Training Program and the Continuing Unethical Trials in Poor Countries: A Rejoinder. Pneumonia -- historical development, current status, future prospects. Elevated levels were correlated with both low B12 and folate levels, but folate deficiency turned out to be a more important factor. Follow-up ultrasound and CT examinations are recommended for patients with adrenal masses that do not undergo surgical excision.
desloratadine 5 mg oral tablet
In reading tasks, he was able to read kanji word and kana words but not a single kana character or nonword. Therefore, the expression of caveolin is downregulated by cAMP signal in a caveolin subtype-dependent manner. A conformational difference could have occurred if the sex-determining locus was located in a chromosomal domain which behaved as a single control unit and involved a substantial segment of the chromosome. The top four most difficult caregiving tasks were additional household tasks, providing transportation, and two tied for third: additional tasks outside home and managing behavior problems. Molecular structure and vibrations of NTCDA monolayers on Ag(111) from density-functional theory and infrared absorption spectroscopy. S-100 protein-positive and Factor XIIIa-negative fibroblast-like cells were found in and around the scar.
desloratadine 5 mg side effects
We sought to determine whether US Medical Licensing Examination (USMLE) Step 1 score, American Board of Surgery (ABS) In-Training Examination (ABSITE) score, and other variables are associated with failing the ABS qualifying and certifying examinations. Predictors of colorectal screening in rural Colorado: testing to prevent colon cancer in the high plains research network. Recently, suspension bioreactors have also been used to generate mini-brain-like structure from hPSCs for disease modeling, showing the important role of bioreactor in stem cell culture. Qualitative description of the prevalence and use of anabolic androgenic steroids by United States powerlifters. These results suggest that the predominant mode of action of EGFR-targeting antibodies depend on EGFR expression levels. Findings indicated that all children of study participants had tried fish and seafood products, with some being exposed to a wide variety from an early age.
desloratadine brand name in bangladesh
Combination of nucleos(t)ide analogue and anti-HBs immunoglobulin (HBIg) is the standard protocol for prevention of HBV reactivation after liver transplantation, but because of the extremely high cost of HBIg, HBV vaccine is tried as a much cheaper and potentially safer substitute. Thus, dietary management must consist of individually designed restriction of total protein intake with ingestion of high value protein. Despite growing literature showing associations of availability and accessibility of facilities to greater levels of physical activity, considerably less is known about the actual extent of use of these facilities. Diabetes mellitus secondary to glycogen storage disease type III. Lower affected-side PD on days 4 to 6 was an independent predictive value for a poorer modified Rankin Scale at 90 days. Doxorubicin in vivo rapidly alters expression and translation of myocardial electron transport chain genes, leads to ATP loss and caspase 3 activation.
desloratadine clarinex 5 mg tablet
Diagnostic accuracy of cytology and immunocytology in carcinomatous effusions. We examined data from the Veterans Administration Immunology Case Registry to assess lipid screening among HIV-infected veterans who received PIs for at least 6 consecutive months during 1999 and 2001. Insulin signaling to podocytes is relevant for the function of the glomerulus. Patients with early HD showed impaired performance in both the virtual Morris water maze and the CANTAB paired associates learning. After characterization of the sewage, laboratory scale experiments were conducted for treatment using oxidation pond and duckweed pond. Altogether, our results demonstrate that the fitness of the coral holobiont depends on its initial consortium of Symbiodinium, which is distinct among colonies, rather than a temporary adaptation achieved through acquiring different Symbiodinium clades.
cost of clarinex
Results obtained here suggest that increased heat sensitivity in TRPV1-negative CPM fibers alone following inflammation is insufficient for the induction of heat hyperalgesia. It can be attributed to increased tissue production of lactate related to dysoxia and to impaired utilization of lactate caused by liver and tissue underperfusion. The influence of medial patellofemoral ligament reconstruction on clinical results and sports activity level. The purpose of this cross-sectional study was to describe distributions of maximal life-space and to clarify the validity of composite scores of an LSA scale among community-dwelling older adults using preventive health care services in Japan. The paper investigates emotional and cognitive patterns in adolescents with learning disorders. Sal k 1 is a protein from the PME family with a high allergenic relevance. 1H NMR spectra showed that, after reduction, the number of aromatic methoxyl and aromatic hydroxyls decreased, the number of aliphatic hydroxyls and the proton number attributed to many linkage structures connecting the phenylpropane units increased. The aim of this study was to evaluate the long-term systolic and diastolic blood pressure changes in patients with isolated office hypertension and to identify the presence of markers capable of identifying which patients will develop sustained hypertension. The talar morphological differences among the great apes were prominent in the mediolateral and rotational orientations of the navicular articular surfaces, possibly reflecting the degree of arboreality among the great apes.
cost of desloratadine
Additionally, it is possible that some women in the control group had HSDD but were undiagnosed. Differentiation of glioblastomas from metastatic brain tumors by tryptophan uptake and kinetic analysis: a positron emission tomographic study with magnetic resonance imaging comparison. The efficacy and safety of insulin used at either a different dose or by a different route, as well as its potential effect in the early phases of prediabetes, warrants further investigation. These observations suggest that elevations in brain adenosine, which can occur following hypoxia, leads to both neurochemical and cellular changes in regions of the brain which control the planning and execution of motor activity. The relationship between schizotypy and cognitive performance was complex. The Effect of Massage With Lavender Oil on Restless Leg Syndrome in Hemodialysis Patients: A Randomized Controlled Trial.
desloratadine dosage 10 mg
The 2 classifications are compared by analyzing the data on 3979 resected patients with tubular adenocarcinoma of the pancreatic head registered by the JPS, focusing on the reliability of predicting outcome. Synthesis may be performed either with group data or with meta-analysis of individual patient data (MIPD). During shock dP/dt DP20 was more depressed in the splenectomized and splenectomized transfused dogs than in those with spleens intact. Hydrogen exchange nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy mapping of antibody epitopes on the house dust mite allergen Der p 2. He underwent resection of a gangrenous bowel segment and survived. Band count may provide useful information in patients whose diagnosis of infection is uncertain.
clarinex medication
There was no difference in local control between stage IA and IB tumors despite the difference in tumor size. Further studies are needed to confirm our findings and determine the role of such a neoadjuvant approach. Several investigations carried out in vitro and in vivo are summarized, which demonstrate proof of principle that HBV and HCV can be inhibited by RNAi activators. Septic arthritis of the pubic symphysis is uncommon, and usually occurs in patients with predisposing conditions (female incontinence surgery, sports). Two susceptible (Bcgs) mouse strains, BALB/c and C57BL/6, were compared by Western blot (immunoblot) analysis for their immunoglobulin G response to 14-day-old BCG culture filtrate (CF) following intravenous infection with live Mycobacterium bovis BCG. Laboratory bioassays to estimate the lethal and sublethal effects of various insecticides and fungicides on Deraeocoris brevis (Hemiptera: Miridae). In this library, most of the differentially expressed miRNAs are related to ovary physiology or oogenesis. The OmpR binding sequence (OBS) in the upstream region of the ompF promoter of Escherichia coli was fused to 27 synthetic promoters.
generic clarinex d
Owing to the importance of monocyte adhesion to endothelial cells in the development of atherosclerosis, we hypothesized that androgens might promote this process. In this reaction time task three domains of attention are probed simultaneously: alerting, orienting and executive control of attention. Renal blood flow was not altered by those concentrations of ADH that reduced gastrointestinal blood flow. A supplementary MR-mammography was offered to all patients with mammographic and/or sonographic ascertained tumours less than 2 cm in diameter. To systematically review and evaluate the effectiveness of grafts in the augmentation of large-to-massive rotator cuff repairs.
desloratadine 5 mg tab
Surgical or endovascular occlusion of the parent artery proximal to an aneurysm has been recommended for treatment of dissecting aneurysms of the intracranial posterior circulation. Many steps in the replication cycle of cytomegalovirus (CMV), like cell entry, capsid assembly, and egress of newly synthesized virions, have not been completely analyzed yet. In patients with NARF a significantly more marked decrease of plasma sodium concentration was also noted after WI than in subjects with CRF and in normals. B6 mice had higher levels of renal tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and interleukin (IL)-10, whereas A/J mice had higher levels of IL-12p70, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), IL-4, and Epo. The serum concentration of total ketone bodies was increased on day 7, and that of triglycerides was decreased on day 14. | 12,278 | 5,981 | 25,153.374687 |
warc | 202143 | amitriptyline tablet uses in malayalam
Furthermore, Sertoli cell enriched testes from 22-, 32- and 40-day old rats showed increases in particulate androgen binding, when compared to matched controls, parallel to increments in the activity of a Sertoli cell marker enzyme (beta-glucuronidase). In the first of two cases of postmeningitis deafness, in a boy aged 6 months and a girl aged 1 year and 9 months, ignorance about the time of audiological follow-up threatened the options for restoration of hearing. Multiple signaling pathways are involved in erythropoietin-independent differentiation of erythroid progenitors in polycythemia vera. Initially recognized as a cause of skin and soft tissue infections, it has soon been shown to cause life threatening illnesses. Clinical significance of pancreatic oncofetal antigen, pancreatic cancer associated antigen assay as tumor markers.
elavil medication generic name
A non-michaelian behavior of the in vitro metabolism of the pentacyclic triterpene alfa and beta amyrins by employing rat liver microsomes. High resolution computed tomography of the temporal bone in infants and children: a review. All groups showed improvement in function at a level greater than a minimum clinically important difference. Within the age range of 3 to 96 yr, it has been proven that a slowing down of intestinal absorption occurs with advancing age. The hogel size is directly related to the lateral resolution of the holographic stereogram. Cerebral monitoring with somatosensory evoked potentials in carotid surgery. Detailed amino acid sequence analysis revealed that the region around E55 in MRD strongly resembles the second active site of prokaryotic catalase-peroxidases. Except for the patient with complex renal stones, all patients were stone free after the intervention and none required a conversion to open surgery. We successfully fabricated defect-free, distributed and sub-20-nm GaAs quantum dots (named GaAs nanodisks (NDs)) by using a novel top-down technique that combines a new bio-template (PEGylated ferritin) and defect-free neutral beam etching (NBE).
amitriptyline tabs 25mg
SDHD germ-line mutations predispose to pheochromocytoma (PCC) and paraganglioma (PGL). Zymograms and Western blots showed that Hsp70 over-expression suppressed MMP-2 and MMP-9. In contrast, FGFR3DeltaAB mediated a higher mitogenic response to FGF2 as well as to FGF1. In this study, we have conducted small-scale experiments to determine the effectiveness of thermal inactivation procedures on adenovirus type 5. 8-bromo-7-methoxychrysin Reversed M2 Polarization of Tumor-associated Macrophages Induced by Liver Cancer Stem-like Cells. For optimal use of antiviral agents, patients with influenza symptoms must present early, and family physicians must accurately and rapidly diagnose the illness. Since 1989, we have exclusively used cryopreserved homografts to restore pulmonary valve competence in these patients. One, GBF, interacted with a single sequence within the cab-E promoter homologous to the G-box found in many photoregulated and other plant promoters.
elavil 25 mg tab
SCF(FBXO28) activity and stability are regulated during the cell cycle by CDK1/2-mediated phosphorylation of FBXO28, which is required for its efficient ubiquitylation of MYC and downsteam enhancement of the MYC pathway. Three additional hurdles must be overcome to facilitate widespread adoption of this technology, including demonstration of the following: (1) privacy to satisfy regulators, (2) clinical benefit to satisfy clinicians, and (3) economic benefit to satisfy payers. Building medical care facilities in conditions of limited resources--a phased method of bringing them into operation. Sedentary behavior is associated with increased risk of diabetes and is unfavorably related to all-cause mortality, but there are limited studies examining the sedentary-mortality relationship among those with diabetes, which was the purpose of this study. The modification of viral infections by virion inactivation and phosphonoacetic acid, cycloheximide, and actinomycin D treatments indicated new protein synthesis is needed to establish superinfection exclusion. Thus a high-dose pill may be no higher than a low-dose pill if the nature of the estrogen is not kept in mind. Nociceptive behavior was evaluated by flinching response of the formalin-treated paw. Anxiety symptoms during hospitalization of elderly are associated with increased risk of post-discharge falls.
elavil 100 mg
As a consequence the mucosa features a constant physiological and controlled inflammatory process. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a central mechanism governing destined cell movement in embryonic development. Ten patients who underwent reoperation after SAHE for the recurrence of medically refractory seizures were studied. Its attention to the dynamics of race, class and gender, as these interact to effect the lives of individuals and broader social groups, makes a political economy approach an important supplement and complement to other macro and micro level theories at the base of health education practice. Filipendula ulmaria (meadowsweet) is traditionally used for the treatment of inflammatory diseases and as a diuretic and antirheumatic. The kidney was transplanted onto the left external iliac vessels and was extraperitonealised. Gait variability patterns are altered in healthy young individuals during the acute reperfusion phase of ischemia-reperfusion.
what is the drug amitriptyline
Antibody-mediated blockade demonstrated that the response was HLA class II restricted. Loss of the histone chaperone ASF1B reduces female reproductive capacity in mice. FRFSE images were suitable for qualitative radiologic reporting and with complete brain coverage, so no additional T2-weighted sequences were required. Having established the effectiveness of drug dependency treatment, the next generation of research will necessitate a focus on treatment structure and process and the systems within which programs operate. A pitfall to avoid when starting a patient on transdermal fentanyl. Single chain Fv antibodies directed against the 37 kDa/67 kDa laminin receptor as therapeutic tools in prion diseases. Changes in the metabolism of the shivering hind leg of the young ox during several days of continuous cold exposure. New benzimidazole derivatives as topoisomerase I inhibitors--synthesis and fluorometric analysis.
amitriptyline 25 mg makes me sleepy
The prevalence of the disease in the Kunlun mountains is not clear. Acute idiopathic blind spot enlargement syndrome: a review of 27 new cases. Crenarchaeal PCNA homologues constitute a monophyletic subfamily. This study was a program evaluation utilizing a quasi-experimental, retrospective, pre-test/post-test, split-plot design. Alpha power was significantly reduced following error responses compared to correct responses, indicating greater cerebral activity following errors. Medullated beard, axillary, and pubic hairs arise during puberty from small, unmedullated vellus hairs under the influence of circulating androgens. The work of OECD in the harmonization of the testing and control of chemicals.
elavil sleep medication
Furthermore, stimulation with CCK leads to a rapid activation of PKC, which in turn may directly activate Raf family of kinases. We present four such cases with microbial keratitis following extended wear of these lenses. Despite recent reports that have identified risk factors for postoperative shoulder imbalance, the relative risks remain unclear. In agoraphobia and social phobia, alcohol problems appear more likely to follow from attempts at self-medication of anxiety symptoms, but panic disorder and generalized anxiety disorder may be more likely to follow from pathological alcohol consumption. The lower critical solution temperatures (LCSTs) (or phase separation temperatures) of the aqueous microgel solutions were measured by cloud-point method. There is no standard guidance for strategies for hospitals to use to coordinate with other agencies during a disaster. Effects of different dihydropyridine calcium antagonists on plasma norepinephrine in essential hypertension. From a fusion experiment using the chicken fusion partner cell line MuH1 and immune spleen cells, one mAb, HUC2-13, was generated which reacted with the peptide. Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune inflammatory demyelinating disease of the central nervous system. Swine leukocyte antigen and HV-1 of mtDNA were analyzed using sequencing methods.
amitriptyline 25mg tablets side effects
Brucella spp was detected in blood culture and serology in mother and infant, supporting the diagnosis of brucellosis with presumed transplacental transmission. In vitro and in vivo tests have reported contradictory data about APM genotoxicity. Up-regulation of MKK4, MKK6 and MKK7 during prostate cancer progression: an important role for SAPK signalling in prostatic neoplasia. However, minimal research exists about accommodation efficacy for this population. CIWA-Ar, ESS, PACS scales and evaluation for ataxia were administered daily. Chronic myeloid leukemia after living donor liver transplantation. In response to DNA damaging agents, x-irradiation and doxorubicin, both the parental wild-type L1210 (WT) and Y8 cells undergo G2/M arrest, which is consistent with cells lacking wild-type p53 function.
elavil class of medication
Many individuals who experience a panic attack at some point in their lives will meet criteria for panic disorder. N-aminoacyl-beta-phenylalkylamine tested for development of antidepressive agents from psychotonics. After a preload of 10 N, cyclical loading with a maximum of 60 N and 100 N with 100 cycles and 0.5 Hz was applied to the tendons for both groups. Seeking new prognostic and predictive factors in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma - apoptosis-regulating factors. The different markers were rated on a scale from 0 to 2 points depending upon the degree of expression observed for the individual characteristics. | 10,101 | 5,041 | 20,197.992462 |
warc | 202143 | atenolol class of medication
So that the treatment of P2O5 360 kg x hm(-2), K2O 180 kg x hm(-2) are suitable for promote to the agricultural production, which could improve the quality and yield of G. Finally, most studies reported high peripheral VEGF levels and mRNA expression in MDD patients compared to healthy controls. The thymus gland in autoimmune diseases--with reference to the formation of lymph follicles in the thymus gland. Selectivity of the method is given by the use of a low pH of background electrolyte at which practically no interferences from native urine appeared, as well as by using a fast scanning detector which enables the identification of orotic acid via its characteristic UV spectra. The specificity of the anti-TNF-alpha antibody-mediated inhibition was corroborated by the failure of the antibody to inhibit interferon-alpha-mediated activation of free cells into killer cells. Several single and paired basic residues are present within its primary amino acid sequence comprising cleavage sites for prohormone convertases. It also examined whether duration of highs predicted bipolar disorder being diagnosed. Only one of the charged amino acids located in the transmembrane alpha-helices of the gamma-aminobutyric acid transporter (subtype A) is essential for its activity.
tenormin dosage range
The synthesis of EGF in SMG has been shown to be increased by thyroid hormone. There are no standard techniques for correcting many of these deformities, and several different techniques are described in literature. Does total joint replacement or arthrodesis of the first metatarsophalangeal joint yield better functional results?. Postnatal morphogenesis of the anconeal process of the ulna of swine. Effect of Schistosoma japonicum infection on liver drug-metabolizing enzymes of mice.
tenormin 25 mg tablet side effects
This methodology is still nowadays used to study the epidemiology of diseases such as Prion Diseases, Mad Cow for instance. Cytokines work within a complex regulatory network in RA, signalling through different intracellular kinase pathways to modulate recruitment, activation and function of immune cells and other leukocytes. The engineering of this system for the synthesis of sickle hemoglobin and its purification to homogeneity in a single column procedure are described. Longer term functional outcome and societal implications of upper limb fractures in the elderly. Oral ursodeoxycholic acid tolerance test in patients with digestive disease.
how long does atenolol 25 mg stay in your system
Dengue fever is associated with a range of neurological manifestations. The experience of unveiling the mechanisms and molecules connected to both of these findings has been remarkable, joyful, difficult, and a time of great teamwork and collaboration within and between laboratory groups. The increase in calcium binding ratio during hypoalbuminaemia needs to be considered during assessment of calcium status in these patients. The normochromic macrocytic red blood cells of the neonate most likely explain this discrepancy. To assess the use of B-Lynch type uterine compression sutures as an alternative to hysterectomy for severe postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) due to uterine atony. Students had continuous access to eDrugCalc and were encouraged to practise. Strain 72Chol grew on cholesterol with oxygen or nitrate as electron acceptor. In recent years, many studies have been performed to improve our understanding of both the physiology of the ductus arteriosus in the fetus and newborn, and the mechanisms underlying persistent ductal patency in the preterm infant. A multicenter pilot study was performed in 34 patients, comparing image quality, ease of viewing, requirements for anesthesia, and patient discomfort associated with the use of the new and other hysteroscopes.
atenolol anxiety dose
Cost of operation and reliability of two brands of volume ventilators. Propiconazole distribution and effects on Ceratocystis fagacearum survival in roots of treated red oaks. We discuss the clinical features, the hemodynamic findings and the management of this case. Bancroftian filariasis on Pemba Island, Zanzibar, Tanzania: an update on the status in urban and semi-urban communities. Simultaneously, patient hospital costs were computed from the cost-to-charge ratio. Adaptive Visual Tracking with Minimum Uncertainty Gap Estimation. The spindle oscillations had the highest coherence (0.17-0.58) in the homolateral hemisphere. We have used a novel technique of capillary sampling coupled with capillary electrophoresis (CE) to analyze the protein composition of rat ASF. These results indicate that either the retinal microenvironment or a signal intrinsic to the retinal ganglion cell is responsible for this induction.
atenolol 50 mg zydus
This review focuses on these recent developments with an emphasis on those enzymes that have been characterized crystallographically in the past five years, including proteins involved in the biosynthesis of phosphinothricin, fosfomycin, and dehydrophos and proteins involved in resistance mechanisms. Two genes have been identified that are required for Rub1p conjugation to Cdc53p. Her movement disorder near-completely resolved immediately following removal of the catheter. Responses to a questionnaire of 49 girls and 28 boys, who ranged in age from 17 to 29 years, suggested that pupils were favorable to sex education at schools as enhancing self-esteem, responsibility, and understanding of issues. To study the relations between four domains of physical activity-sport, home, work, and active living-and bone mineral density (BMD). For survivors of domestic violence, the ongoing effects of trauma are compounded by the context of their abusive experience. The dideoxysugars and trideoxysugars, which are synthesized by a variety of bacteria, fungi, and plants, represent an especially intriguing class of carbohydrates.
what class drug is atenolol and chlorthalidone
Further, a rationale is provided for anticipating and coping with the political, sociological and personality conflicts which are probably inescapable in this type of mental health research. Knowledge about the association between periodontal diseases and diabetes mellitus: contrasting dentists and physicians. Accordingly, sensitization and conditioning seem to be more important for the persistence of drug and alcohol addiction then the occurrence of withdrawal phenomena. Flecainide produced a concentration and rate-related increase in the steady-state nodal conduction (AHmin) and an increase in slow AH conduction (AHmax) in both age groups. The technique of performing these injections, including translaminar approach, is described in this article. Correlating with lower tumor volume on biopsy, the presence of initial atypical biopsy predicts organ confined disease at radical prostatectomy. Cells were treated with three concentrations of curcumin (2.5, 5, or 10 microg/ml) and then treated with DXR (1.0 microg/ml) during different phases of the cell cycle. This gave rise to the depletion of the immunity system which was intensified if the drug was used for a prolonged period of time and in higher doses. According to the model, chemoprophylaxis of susceptible persons (without treatment of those who are symptomatic) may be the best way to reduce the force of an epidemic and to keep development of drug resistance low.
tenormin 50 mg para que sirve
Alterations of the round ligament in the congenital dislocation of the hip. The diagnostic correlations of FNA cytology, frozen section, and both FNA cytology and frozen section with definitive histological assessment were evaluated. The addition of commercial alpha-amylase to maize-based weaning foods is a useful method of increasing the nutritional value of weaning diets. To date, the only known S-locus product is a polymorphic ribonuclease, termed S-RNase, which is secreted by stylar tissue and thought to act as a cytotoxin that degrades the RNA of incompatible pollen tubes. The results allow to suggest that the measurement of T2 relaxation time might reveal interesting relations between clinical picture and neuroradiologic findings in schizophrenia, however clinical significance of such parameters still requires further elaboration. Thus, there seems to be some lack of awareness of the possible bias in analyzing exposure-disease associations by SMRs. In this article, three models of hospital strategic decision making are presented. Mouse strain and source of L-tryptophan affects hepatic nuclear tryptophan binding.
tenormin medicine
The role of systemic and local factors in the regulation and coupling of these two processes is also reported. The Ostwald rule of stages describes the conjectured transitioning through metastable polymorphic crystal structures during crystallization. Blood samples were taken at the first and second day of hospitalization, and on the day of discharge or on the day of death. Another phase of the effect of acetazolamide on aqueous dynamics. Subjective ratings of local fatigue were obtained during the experiments. Structure-activity relationships of 11 new congeners of the SMTP plasminogen modulator. In addition to clinical findings, an integrated study of GIT motor function by peripheral electrogastroenterocolography was used. To comprehend the psychological effects in the course of diagnosis and treatment of infertility on the sexuality, emotional feeling and marriage of women with tubal infertility. A bolus-chase magnetic resonance (MR) angiographic technique performed with a prototypic stepping table and coil holder and a 15-20-mL injection of contrast material was developed to depict the entire lower extremity. No differences were observed in IgG class antibodies between AS patients and healthy controls. | 9,853 | 4,814 | 20,127.628168 |
warc | 202143 | Top methods to help you clean your residence fast
Cleaning is always a hassle; there's just no getting around this. Sure, cleaning an apartment is bound to vary widely from, say cleaning an office
Cleaning is always a hassle; there's just no getting around this. Sure, cleaning an apartment is bound to vary widely from, say cleaning an office or corporate house. And even then, whether you are a rank amateur or an experienced professional, you still need to micromanage your tasks effectively. That's the only way you can speed up your cleaning process so that it doesn't consume too much time. And that's why you need to check out these pointers.
It starts with a system:When it comes to residential cleaning in Marysville or for that matter anywhere else, you need to have a system to speed up the cleaning process. For starters, you must have a plan when it comes to the actual cleaning and make sure that you start and end at the same spot. Being organized, and working with a plan should ensure that you're able to speed up the cleaning process. Simply put, you need to have a routine and make sure that you stick to the same. Don't make the mistake of going down up:How often have you made the mistake of cleaning the floors and tables first, before moving upwards? That's why when it comes to residential cleaning, it's a good idea to go 'top-down, as in dusting the ceiling fan. That should ensure that you don't get dust on your floors and table, all over again. Squeegee the windows:Cleaning the glass windows can be a real bummer at times. Dusting the windows and cleaning them, to ensure a 'streak-free finish can be achieved, sans any hassle. All you need is dish soap, water, or a cleaning solution. Apply it on the windows and wait a while. Now squeegee the windows, going from the top to the bottom end. Or you can also move from left to right but make sure that you wipe the windows clear once again. That should do the trick. Ensure that your supplies are within reach:Before you start cleaning, make sure that all your supplies are within easy reach. Granted, most of the cleaning fluids come packed in huge, bulky containers. In that case, just transfer the contents to small, disposable bottles, and preferably ones with a spray. Now, you should be able to carry all the bottles in a handy container as you start the clean-up process. Act in advance:There would be times when you feel as if you're being overwhelmed by the whole clean-up. Just know that the feeling is natural. Here's how you can deal with it - you can be proactive. You can act in advance and do the clean-up before the dust and grime build-up causes a real headache. Think ceiling fans, windows and these should clue you in. Choose the right duster:When it comes to cleaning up the dust, a feather duster is essential. You need one which comes with an extendable handle and one where the quills don't fall out either. Moreover, these dusters must be able to fit in your carry bag as you move from room to room, dusting and cleaning as you go. Kitchen:When it comes to the kitchen, the one issue you're most likely to deal with is grease. Grease builds up over time and that's why you need to clean your kitchen regularly, from the range to the dark spots on the wall. Just use some detergent with warm water to gently apply and scrub with a sponge. It should help reduce/remove the grease altogether. You can also use bleach or special solutions for the real, tough stains.
These are some of the top methods for cleaning your home. Just make sure you do the clean-up after making sure you have all the supplies that you need. | 3,623 | 1,611 | 8,134.320919 |
warc | 202143 | Room: AAPM ePoster Library
Purpose:
Stereotactic radiosurgery relies on very small field sizes on the order of a few millimeters to ablate lesions and spare normal structures. Although a 6 MV photon beam is most often utilized, there is an interest in lower photon energy beams for stereotactic radiosurgery due to their sharper dose fall off. This study provides a dosimetric comparison to determine if there is advantage of using 2.5 MV over 6 MV photons for stereotactic radiosurgery. Methods:
The Monte Carlo simulation codes BEAM/dosexyz were used to simulate 2.5 MV form a Varian TrueBeam and 6 MV beams from a Varian TX accelerator. The details of the incident beams including cone accessory were simulated, with calculated doses benchmarked against measurements. The dose calculations were based on a realistic treatment plan for thalamotomy treatment delivering over 145 Gy at isocenter using a 6 MV (4 mm cone) beam with 21 arcs. The calculations were repeated with a 2.5 MV beam with the same cone and delivery arcs. Results:
For a realistic patient treatment plan using 21 arcs with 4 mm cone beams delivered 15000 cGy, a significant dose reductions of 37% to brainstem and 50% to chiasm were obtained for 2.5 MV beams comparing to 6 MV beams. From the DVH analysis, the maximum doses to brainstem and Chiasm were 880.5 cGy (552.3 cGy) and 272.2 cGy (134.3 cGy) for 6 MV (2.5 MV) beams respectively. Conclusion:
A significant reduced dose to organ-at-risks can be achieved by a 2.5 MV beam while providing same target dose. There is a clear dosimetric advantage of using 2.5 MV over 6 MV photons for stereotactic radiosurgery. The current 2.5 MV beam is for imaging and observed significant dosimetric benefit should encourage manufactures to develop lower energy photons for therapy treatment using LINAC-based radiosurgery system.
Not Applicable / None Entered.
Not Applicable / None Entered. | 1,915 | 938 | 3,891.247335 |
warc | 202143 | We at WaterFilterPortal.com believe that everyone should be able to drink clean and healthy water. And to achieve that we provide high quality, transparent, accurate & unbiased reviews, and lots of great information.
This started when noticed some issues with our tap water, and after some research we found that in many cities, states and even countries the tap water didn’t have the minimum quality to drink, and was full of harmful contaminants.
So we become alert to the problem and tried to found solutions not only for our problem, but a way to help others in a similar situation. Also, we don’t want to spend our money in bottled water, so we tried to found ways to improve the quality of our tap water using a water filter.
But there are many types of water filters and brands, and each one has it’s own pros and cons, depending of the use they were designed for. There are also different water problems that you can have, that might need different solutions. So, that is why we created high quality content to help you make the best decision for your needs.
We performed extensive research, going through multiple sources of information and customer reviews & feedback, to extract the best insights and deliver them to you in a structured, accurate and easy to read format. And we are constantly checking new brands and solutions, to ensure that our guides and reviews are always up-to-date, showing you the best possible options for your needs, at the best price possible.
Mission
And while the detailed information that we make available in our website is a great way to help others, we feel that we can also help in a different way in countries with more difficulties.
That is why we decided to donate a significant part of our profits to Dispenser for Safe Water – an initiative of Evidence Action, Dispensers for Safe Water delivers free and reliable safe water access to nearly 4 million people living in rural Kenya, Uganda, and Malawi.
Feel free to join us helping the world to get clean and safe water do drink 😉
What To Do Now?
If you are reading this, it means that you are looking for a way to improve the quality of the water you and your family drink.
And that is great because we prepared lots of content to help you achieve that goal! So you can:
Read our water filter guides to understand the best option for your needs Read our water filter pitcher guides to pick the best pitcher for your home Read our water filter bottle guides to select the best portable bottle for you Read our water filter information articles to get some tips and information about water filter topics
We hope you love the content we made available for you, and if you have any question and/or suggestion feel free to reach us.
The Water Filter Portal Team | 2,804 | 1,317 | 5,869.876993 |
warc | 202143 | Keyword Targeting: The One Simple Thing that Every Business Owner Needs to Know About Search Engine Optimization
In the past, when I talked with business owners about Search Engine Optimization (SEO), I used to get the glazed-over look within about 30 seconds. I’ve learned that most people don’t care about how the SEO sausage is made, they just want people to be able to find their business website on Google, Bing, or Yahoo.
Nowadays, I spare them most of the gory details of SEO, except for one incredibly important piece. It is paramount that every business owner understands this one primary piece of the SEO puzzle:
keyword targeting. What is keyword targeting?
When someone searches for new shoes, they typically go to their favorite search engine and type in a phrase related to what they’re looking for; as an example, let’s say you’re a jogger on the hunt for new “running shoes.” If a shoe business that specializes in ankle-supporting, subtly stylish, and durable running shoes wants a person like you to find its products, then its website should target the keyword phrase “running shoes.” But if you’re the owner of a shoe business, how do you know what keyword phrase will help lure customers to your website?
The process of identifying the best possible keyword to target is called keyword research. What is keyword research?
According to Moz, the top authority in SEO: “
Keyword research is one of the most important, valuable, and high return activities in the search marketing field. Ranking for the right keywords can make or break your website. By researching your market’s keyword demand, you can not only learn which terms and phrases to target with SEO, but also learn more about your customers as a whole.”
The process of finding the right keywords isn’t an art or a science. It just takes a little technical knowledge of how search engines work, how people interact with search engines, and an understanding of your business goals (or, in my case, a client’s business goals). With a little persistence and curiosity, anyone can learn the basics of keyword research — but if you keep reading, I’ll give you a head start.
How do you find the right keywords to target?
Thankfully, the work of keyword research is aided by two excellent tools that Google provides. The first tool is Google’s own search page (google.com). Google’s search page provides search suggestions as you type, in real time.
This is a useful tool to increase your understanding of how Google perceives the topic you might be targeting. You can see an example of how Google perceives the topic of “running shoes” in the adjacent screenshot — notice how the search terms move from broad and general to hyper-specific.
The second tool is Google’s Keyword Planner Tool, which is primarily built for pay-per-click advertisers, but is quite helpful in gaining greater insight into the number of searches performed each month for the keywords you’re targeting, receiving further suggestions for related or peripheral keywords, and determining the amount of competition in the search space for that keyword (or, in other words, how many of your competitors are paying to draw results from the same search phrase). Google has provided a great video tutorial on how to use the Keyword Planner Tool. If you have five minutes to spare, I guarantee this video will be worth the watch.
What makes a good keyword target?
The best keyword targets are three words or longer (called a long-tail keyword), specific to the product or service you’re selling, and paired with two dozen related or peripheral keywords (called a keyword group). I’ll use an example to better illustrate this point.
A car dealership wants to sell more new cars. They could target a keyword like “new cars,” but someone typing in “new cars” at google.com might be searching for consumer research on new cars, conducting research on the latest car technology, or just browsing what’s new in the market. A better keyword target would be something like “new Jeep Wrangler” or “new Honda minivan.”
Increasing the specificity of the keyword target yields higher quality traffic, higher conversion rates (because you’re offering exactly what customers are looking for), and a clearer idea of how to serve the customers who find their way to your site. Where should you use your keyword target?
Once you’ve identified your keyword target (and the group of peripheral keywords), it’s time to implement those keywords into your website. Incorporate those keywords into your website copy, HTML structure, URLs, image captions, and all meta content like page titles and descriptions. It’s also worth considering running a low-level pay-per-click campaign based on your keyword target to complement your search engine optimization efforts.
If you find yourself feeling behind the curve on this topic, fear not. Most search engine optimization professionals will walk you through the process of identifying an effective keyword target and even help you implement that strategy on your website. If you don’t know who to call for that guidance, consider getting in touch with us at Wingard Creative. We love helping business owners dominate their online search competition. | 5,431 | 2,426 | 11,665.680544 |
warc | 202143 | “During this
ultrasound scan, sonographers are looking for the distinguishing signs of the different genitalia. “With a female baby this can appear to look like three white lines. With a male baby, it is often possible to observe the penis, testicles and scrotum at the second trimester routine scan.”
“During this ultrasound scan, sonographers are looking for the distinguishing signs of the different genitalia. “With a female baby this can appear to look like three white lines. With a male baby, it is often possible to observe the penis, testicles and scrotum at the second trimester routine scan.” May 23, 2019
The chances of an error with ultrasound are up to 5 percent, says Schaffir. An ultrasound can be between 95 to 99 percent accurate in determining sex, depending on when it's done, how skilled the sonographer is and whether baby is in a position that shows the area between their legs. Mistakes can also be made.
The fork we see on boy nubs is actually just the nub images in two parts. The too line in the fork is the tip of the nub but can look like the fork you hear and see in girl nubs. Oct 14, 2013
Gender determination is usually highly accurate Until the 14th week of pregnancy, baby boys and girls look exactly the same on ultrasound, Carr said. ... "Gender-telling is not exotic," Carr said. When a sonographer looks between the legs, if it's "an outie," it's a boy, he explained. Dec 21, 2017
If the baby is a boy the genitals will protrude further down the femur and in most cases the middle line is longer than the 2 on the sides. If the 3 lines are even with the end of femur and in some cases the middle line is inverted, (clitoris) baby is most likely a girl!! but scrotum need to image to give full clarity. Dec 21, 2020
20 Week Ultrasound This 20-week ultrasound is a bit more obvious if you're looking for the classic ""hamburger"" sign of three white lines. The three white lines—which are actually the labia with the clitoris in the middle—can resemble two buns and the meat of a hamburger.
When can I find out my baby's sex by ultrasound? Many pregnant women find out their baby's sex (if they choose to know) during their midpregnancy ultrasound, which is usually done between 18 and 22 weeks. However, if the technician can't get a clear view of the baby's genitals, it may not be possible to tell for sure.
If the examination of the midline sagittal view of the genital area shows a caudal notch, the fetus is female, and if it shows a cranial notch, then the fetus is male. In the second and third trimesters of pregnancy, ultrasound imaging scans the genital anatomy of the fetus to identify its gender. Apr 30, 2018
Sometimes if they tell you it's a girl, it can be wrong. According to my consultant (who did my scans), at the 20 week scan, they get it right 95% of the time (so still 5% chance they get it wrong). Had a friend who was told all through pregnancy she was having a girl, and a little boy was born at the end. Dec 15, 2010
For example, most companies will see a "stacked nub" and instantly predict that the baby will be male, however the angle plays a huge part in this analysis and if the nub appears stacked but the angle is parallel then the baby is female. (stacking does not mean boy!)
Throughout an earlier gestation (11 weeks to an early 12 weeks) your baby's nub may looked 'forked', this is how a earlier nub usually looks. A forked nub is often mistaken to be a girl, when that's not always the case, it's just an under developed nub. This can be seen in both gender's. Example of a 'forked' nub.
Skull theory — also sometimes written as skull gender theory — is the belief that you can accurately predict the gender of your baby well before the 20-week scan by looking at your earlier ultrasound images. According to the theory, the shape and size of a baby's skull can determine whether you'll have a boy or a girl. Mar 29, 2020
At 12 weeks and over, the average success rate for correctly identifying gender, where gender identification was possible, was 94.8%, with the accuracy at 13 weeks of 98.3% approaching that achieved by invasive testing. Dec 31, 2010
The baking soda gender test is an at-home method that involves combining a pregnant woman's urine with baking soda to see if it fizzes. Whether or not the urine fizzes is supposed to determine whether the baby is male or female. The baking soda gender test actually looks to determine the baby's sex, not its gender. Mar 2, 2018
Conclusion: This study suggests that male fetuses have significantly larger head circumference (HC) and biparietal diameter (BPD) measurements compared to female fetuses. ... In the case of discrepancy finding between head (HC, BPD) and femur lenght (FL) measurements the fetal gender should be taken into account.
left According to the theory, the placement of your developing placenta – which must be determined in a very precise way – can reveal your baby's sex. If your placenta is forming on the right side of your uterus, the baby is most likely a boy, the theory claims. If it's forming on the left side, it's probably a girl.
To read an ultrasound picture, look for white spots on the image to see solid tissues, like bones, and dark spots on the image to see fluid-filled tissues, like the amniotic fluid in the uterus.
Conclusions: Fetal gender may reliably be determined when CRL ≥ 60 mm (gestational age ≥ 12+2). Male gender may already be reliably determined when CRL ≥ 55 mm (gestational age ≥ 12+0). If CRL < 50 mm (gestational age < 11+4) the gender cannot be reliably predicted.
To determine sex, PGD involves examining an embryo taken from the uterus and replacing only the embryo of the desired sex. In CVS, chromosomes of the fetus are analyzed in early pregnancy. There are reports that some people who find out they have an unwanted gender through this technique end up asking for an abortion.
The ultrasound can be used during pregnancy to show images of the baby, amniotic sac, placenta, and ovaries. Nov 4, 2018
It's a boy if: You didn't experience morning sickness in early pregnancy. Your baby's heart rate is less than 140 beats per minute. You are carrying the extra weight out front. Your belly looks like a basketball. Your areolas have darkened considerably. You are carrying low. You are craving salty or sour foods. More items... • Jul 27, 2020
Head-down babies will kick more strongly on one side and towards the top of the bump. Later on, some babies with their head at the bottom like to stretch their legs every so often and this can feel like something is sticking out on both sides of your bump - one side will be the bottom, the other side will be the feet.
Harvard researchers say that pregnant women carrying boys eat about 10% more than those carrying girls. Their findings appear in the June 7 issue of the British Medical Journal. Jun 5, 2003
If it's over 140 bpm, you're having a baby girl. Below 140 bpm, you're carrying a boy. The truth is, your baby's heart will likely start beating sometime around week 6 of your pregnancy. You can even see and measure this flicker of light on an ultrasound.
According to some, having an anterior placenta means you're having a girl, whereas a posterior placenta means you're having a boy. Mar 30, 2020
How accurate is the ultrasound examination? The earlier the ultrasound is done, the more accurate it is at estimating the baby's due date. Ultrasounds performed during the first 12 weeks of pregnancy are generally within 3 - 5 days of accuracy. The most accurate time is between 8 and 11 weeks gestation.
The MFM said while ultrasound was 90 percent accurate in predicting gender at 12 weeks, and she and the sonographer were fairly confident in their prediction, we should wait until our 20-week anatomy ultrasound to be sure. Dec 20, 2016
Table 1 Gestational age 11–11+6 weeks 13–13+6 weeks Incorrect male 3/8 5% Correct female 10/16 71% Incorrect female 5/16 10% Total correct when attempted 13/21 91% 5 more rows • Dec 31, 2015
The review, which looked at 57 studies representing 6,541 pregnancies, found the blood tests gave a genuine result (sensitivity) 95% of the time and that this result was accurate or correct for gender (specificity) 98.6% of the time. Aug 10, 2011
While the Ramzi method claims to rely on science, there is no evidence that it is reliable. Individuals who wish to learn the sex of their baby early should ask their provider about NIPT. It may also be possible to schedule an early second trimester ultrasound to confirm the results. Sep 22, 2020
To actually apply nub theory to your baby's ultrasound, you need to catch them in a clear profile so the length of their spine is visible horizontally. From there, you would search for the nub, or a small protrusion, in between where your baby's legs will form. Mar 30, 2020
Determining sex via ultrasound If you don't want to be surprised, you can also (usually) determine your baby's sex during the 16-week ultrasound. Because your baby's external anatomy is fully formed, it should be accurate. Nov 30, 2020
Simply take a closer look at the color to figure out what you're having. Dark, neon-like urine supposedly equals boy, while dull, cloudy and light urine equals girl. Oct 28, 2013
Grogu Grogu The Child Full name Grogu Alias The Asset (to the Empire) Baby Yoda (by fans and media) The Child The Kid (by the Mandalorian) Species Yoda's species Gender Male 12 more rows
The sex ratio at birth is not equal: in every country births are male-biased. There are biological reasons why there are slightly more boys born every year than girls. The 'natural' sex ratio at birth is around 105 boys per 100 girls (ranging from around 103 to 107 boys).
A short femur is defined as a measurement below the 2.5 percentile for gestational age. This finding is typically identified on second trimester prenatal ultrasound, as femur measurements are part of the algorithm for pregnancy dating. Aug 5, 2016
CRL (crown-rump length), the length from the top of the head to your baby's bottom, measurement taken in the first trimester. AC (abdominal circumference), the length going around your baby's belly. FL (femur length), the length of a bone in your baby's leg. Dec 15, 2020
Femur Length (FL) – measures the length of the thigh bone The EFW can be plotted on a graph to help determine whether the fetus is average, larger or smaller in size for its gestational age. Aug 8, 2017
Because your liver is on the right side of your abdomen, lying on your left side helps keep the uterus off that large organ. Sleeping on the left side also improves circulation to the heart and allows for the best blood flow to the fetus, uterus, and kidneys.
An anterior placenta simply means your placenta is attached to the front wall of your uterus, between the baby and your tummy. It's a completely normal place for it to implant and develop. It isn't connected to having a low-lying placenta (called placenta previa) and it shouldn't cause you problems. Jul 10, 2018
The placenta is visible by 10 weeks gestation at transabdominal US, where it is seen as a thickened echogenic rim of tissue surrounding the gestational sac (4) (Fig 2). Color Doppler imaging can be used to detect intervillous blood flow by 12–14 weeks gestation (Fig 3). May 11, 2017
Fetal imaging is referred to by many names, including pregnancy sonograms, pregnancy ultrasound, endovaginal ultrasound, obstetric ultrasound, OB ultrasound, baby ultrasound, prenatal ultrasound. Fetal heart ultrasound is also called baby echo or prenatal echo.
For example, most waves pass through a fluid-filled cyst and send back very few or faint echoes, which look black on the display screen. On the other hand, waves will bounce off a solid tumor, creating a pattern of echoes that the computer will interpret as a lighter-colored image.
2. The thermal index for bone (TIB). This is used when the ultrasound beam impinges on bone at or near its focal region, as, for example, in any fetal scan more than 10 weeks after LMP.
Dating / Reassurance Scan We will check the gestational age of your baby by measuring from the top of your baby's head to your baby's bottom. This is called the Crown Rump Length (CRL). This measurement can be used accurately up to 14 weeks gestation.
Table 4 CRL (mm) GA (wks, days) GA (days) 7.0 mm 6W6D 47.8 7.5 mm 6W6D 48.2 8.0 mm 7W0D 48.6 8.5 mm 7W0D 49.1 50 more rows
Myth: Fetal heart rate can indicate your baby's sex. Fact: A normal fetal heart rate is between 120 and 160 beats per minute (bpm), although some people think if it's faster (usually above the 140 bpm range) it's a girl and if it's slower it's a boy.
In fact, the odds of having a boy vs. having a girl have never been exactly 50:50. Worldwide, there are around 109 boys born for every 100 girls. Oct 14, 2016
As to whether there's a guaranteed way to influence your chances have a boy — no, there isn't. Short of medically implanting an embryo that is known to be a boy, there are no guarantees when it comes to the sex of your baby. May 27, 2020 | 13,188 | 5,774 | 29,717.538621 |
warc | 202143 | Just over three years ago, new open banking regulations, mandated by the UK’s Competition and Markets Authority, were introduced with the aim of fostering competitive markets and encouraging innovation.
The regulations require banks to disclose performance and fee data to make it easier for customers to compare the offerings and results of different financial providers.
Fast-forward to the present and Joe Biden’s Executive Order on Promoting Competition in the American Economy looks to loosen the rules on data portability in a similar way.
Central to these regulations is the enablement of application programming interfaces (APIs) so organisations can transfer data easily and effortlessly. With open APIs, customers can readily share their financial information with other providers – if they choose to do so.
It’s much easier for customers of big banks to transfer between their accounts, manage payments and conduct transactions through other banks and fintech organisations whose operations are solely digital.
For fintech, open banking is a big opportunity to carve out an even deeper digital groove in the financial sector by accessing individual and business-generated data to create more innovative apps and services.
It is hardly surprising then that banks are rethinking their relationships with fintech organisations to stay relevant.
New impetus
The move to open banking recently received a boost when US president Joe Biden gave the go-ahead for executive orders enabling US customers to access and share their banking data.
Given the significant power of the US financial sector and an awareness that traditional financial institutions need to be more ‘digital friendly’ to survive and thrive, Biden’s open banking order is set to prise the market open and stimulate competition.
Big banks have watched open banking with a wary eye and have tended to not visibly support and promote it, but they already have access to a sizeable pool of customers and can gain insights into the products and experiences customers want. Banks can draw on their wealth of customer data from banking apps, cash flow, credit history, mobile location and browser histories.
However, Biden’s push for more openness also means fintechs can travel further down the road of innovation and tailored services because they can access and aggregate that same data to offer new services and consequently take customer accounts – and profit – from traditional banks.
This provides previously underserved consumers and businesses with an enhanced suite of financial products. We have already seen budgeting applications in which payment data is drawn from various sources into one app so consumers can manage budgets more easily.
As a result of Biden’s endorsement of open banking, there will be greater competition with new financial services emerging. Gaining access to their data will give consumers and businesses more power to switch financial institutions and smaller challenger banks in the US will be able to offer services using customers’ banking data.
API action
When integrating with fintechs, banks use their infrastructures to carry out specific functions, but rely on fintechs for others. This means that different services need to be sharing data constantly to perform effectively. This is at the heart of API data sharing.
At a wider level, it also opens parts of the world that are not as financially literate, bringing more territories into the open banking fold and in its wake creating a raft of new opportunities for both established institutions and challengers.
Wider cooperation for wider innovation
To drive successful open banking globally, financial regulations need to be aligned and digital infrastructure needs to be flexible and accommodating to a range of businesses’ requirements.
For instance, banks and financial organisations that are located outside specific economic areas are governed by their own financial regulations and accessing digital infrastructure outside that jurisdiction can be difficult.
Banks, corporates, challengers and fintechs can address these issues by going beyond the mandates of banking directives.
Fintechs and challengers already understand that banking today is moving from a centralised position to decentralised operations. Their use of emerging technologies such as blockchain and artificial intelligence (AI) to provide a more personalised experience to customers is an example of this.
The combination of access to larger amounts of financial data and the power of AI will enable businesses and consumers to glean new insights from banking services.
The future success of open banking will depend on banks embracing an end-to-end digital architecture. This requires modern banking platforms based on open APIs, AI analytics, scalability and high security.
While major changes in the financial industry usually take time to fully evolve on a global scale, regulation directives continue to push the financial industry towards a more open model. | 5,094 | 2,308 | 11,042.149913 |
warc | 202143 | Happy Purim from ICWJ!
The following reflection on the connection between the Jewish holiday of Purim (which begins at sundown tonight) and worker justice was written by  Rabbi Bonnie Margulis. For similar reflections on other holy days see the resources page!
Be happy, it’s Adar! Jews the world over greet each other with these words during this month, the Jewish month of Adar. For it is in Adar that the joyous holiday of Purim occurs. The story of Purim is told in the Biblical Book of Esther. It commemorates the deliverance of the Jews from the evil plot of Haman to kill all the Jews of Persia.Purim is to be celebrated with joy and gladness, and with gifts of food given to one another and also gifts of food to the poor (Esther 9:22). Why both gifts to one another and gifts to the poor, asked the rabbis of old. The answer – gifts to the poor were to ensure that everyone had what they needed to make a feast to celebrate the holiday. Gifts to each other were so that the poor should not be embarrassed that they needed charity in order to make the feast.
Thus we learn that, even in the midst of our joy, we need to remember those less fortunate than ourselves and make sure their needs are met before we can move ahead with our celebration, and that help should come in a form that still preserves people’s dignity. Today we can fulfill this commandment through providing people the dignity of work, and ensuring that that work brings in a living wage, a safe working environment, access to health care, and the promise of a secure retirement. | 1,684 | 865 | 3,064.295954 |
warc | 202143 | Last Updated on June 26, 2021 by worldoftravelswithkids
Stretching across a vast region of Tropical North Queensland, the Daintree forest is one of the world’s most fascinating and diverse tropical rainforests. It is one that our whole family loved visiting! Here we’ve rounded up our favorite Daintree Rainforest facts. Daintree is so fascinating, you’ll be itching to visit this World Heritage-listed natural wonder once you’ve read them all!
Daintree Rainforest Location
The Daintree Rainforest is located just over 1,500km northwest of Brisbane and 100km northwest of
. It encompasses the Daintree National Park itself, as well as some state-managed forests and private land. Cairns
Our Top 10 Fascinating Facts About The Daintree Rainforest
The Daintree Rainforest Is Huge
Once you step foot inside this forest, you will be floored by its size. It is one of the biggest rainforests in the world, and
the biggest in Australia, covering 0.1% of Australian territory. Just how big is the Daintree Rainforest? Stretching north from the Daintree River to Cooktown and west to the Great Divide, the Daintree Rainforest covers an area nearly 1200 km² (460 sq mi) in size.
That’s equivalent to 25,000 football fields if you were wondering!
It Is The Oldest Rainforest In The World
Take that, Amazon. But how old is the Daintree Rainforest? At least 135 million years – and possibly as much as 180 million years old. At this age, the Daintree Rainforest beats out every other rainforest in the world as the oldest one on the planet.
Think About This: The dinosaurs walked this earth between 245 and 66 million years ago. This means that the Daintree Rainforest is as old as the dinosaurs! In fact, it not only survived the Ice Age but at least 12 of the world’s primitive flowering plant species can still be found in the Daintree, including the so-called Idiot Fruit (more on this below!).
The Daintree Rainforest Is A Biodiversity Hotspot
The Daintree Rainforest ecosystem is one of the world’s most complex. Its diversity is unrivaled in Australia. Given its age, the flora and fauna found in the Daintree actually represent the origins of some of the plants and animals that are more typically “Australian”.
In the Daintree Rainforest you will find:
over 3000 species of plants – including 395 plant species that are rare or threatened over 12,000 types of insects 54 species of frog 230 butterfly species 663 species of vertebrate animals well over 200 species of land snails
In fact, 65% of all of Australia’s bat and butterfly species, 34% of its mammal species, approximately 30% of its frog, marsupial, and reptile species, and more than 40% of its birds all call the Daintree / wet tropics and Great Barrier Reef areas home. And you will find more tree species in a single hectare of the forest than exist in the entire UK. That’s a lot!
It Is The Only Place To See Two World Heritage Sites Side By Side
“Where the reef meets the rainforest”! North of the Daintree River, the rainforest grows all the way down to the coastline where it almost touches the Great Barrier Reef. At Cape Tribulation, the reef is actually so close to shore that Captain Cook crashed his boat on it!
The Great Barrier Reef was named a World Heritage Site in 1981, and the Daintree followed suit in 1988. The World Heritage protected rainforest is much larger than Daintree National Park. It stretches across 12,000 square kilometers from Townsville to Cooktown.
This is the only place in the world where two World Heritage sites meet. What an amazing fact!
The Daintree Rainforest Was Named After a 19 th Century Geologist thCentury Geologist
The Daintree River was actually discovered in 1873 by Scottish geologist
George Elphinstone Dalrymple who decided to name it after English-born Australian geologist and photographer, Richard Daintree. Daintree had done a lot of important exploration in the area during the 19 th Century. Though, by this date, he had returned to England to promote Queensland as a settlement destination.
In fact, Richard Daintree, who died in 1878, was the first Government geologist to explore North Queensland. He was a photography pioneer, using the new technology to capture a glimpse of early settler life during his field trips. He is also credited with discovering coal seams and gold fields for later exploitation.
And Is Beloved By A 20 th Century Naturalist! thCentury Naturalist!
The famed Sir David Attenborough has described the Daintree as “the most extraordinary place on Earth.” Listen to him talk about the Daintree Rainforest as one of his favorite places:
There Are Glow-In-The-Dark Plants!
Bioluminescence is a marvel everywhere! If you stroll the rainforest at night, you will be treated to the soft glow of bioluminescent moss, fungus, and glow worms!
Daintree Rainforest Trees Are Some Of The World’s Tallest!
The Daintree Rainforest has some of the world’s tallest tropical trees, including the Bull Kauri which can reach up to 50m tall and 2.7m across.
In the Daintree forest, these and other tall trees tower above the canopy. They are called “emergent trees” and their height gives them an evolutionary advantage. By growing taller than the surrounding trees, emergent trees gain maximum sunlight exposure and are a prime target for pollinators.
You Won’t Go Hungry Inside the Daintree: It Is Full of Bush Tucker!
Rainforest-dwelling bees and insects have been a source of food and medicine for thousands of years. A favorite is the witchetty grub (also spelled witchety grub or witjuti grub), a large, white wood-eating moth larva. Witchetty grubs are considered a delicacy by the local Kuku Yalanji people. They are highly nutritious and their insides also help to alleviate pain and heal wounds.
Another edible plant found in Daintree is the chocolate pudding fruit or black sapote. The black sapote is a species of persimmon whose ripe fruit, they say, tastes like chocolate! It is actually native to other regions as well, including Mexico and Central and South America. Not to be confused with other unrelated species of sapote, black sapote is also packed with nutrition: it contains 2-4x as much vitamin C as oranges!
Speaking of Central America, check out our post
A Guide To The Best Family Vacation Central America –With Kids. It Has A Very Long Human History, Too
Here are some fun facts about Daintree Rainforest history: long before European explorers came – for over 4000 years, to be precise – the Daintree was home to the Kuku Yalanji people (also known as Kokojelandji or Gugu-Yalanji). They are just one of 18 Aboriginal groups who live in the protected Wet Tropics World Heritage Area. For the Kuku Yalanji, the Daintree is more than just a forest, but a place filled with spiritual and cultural meaning. Their songs and legends continue to enrich the Daintree with special meaning.
European colonists began exploring the Daintree during the late 19
th Century, but the Daintree River ferry didn’t start running until the 1950s and the first road to Cape Tribulation wasn’t built until 1961. Later, following Australia’s biggest botanical find in 1971 renewed scientific – and public – interest spurred greater development in the Daintree region. Amazing Facts On Daintree Rainforest Animals
With so much wildlife teeming in the Daintree, it’s probably no surprise to find out that a lot of the species found here are rare or endangered. In fact, some animals living in the Daintree can
only be found here and nowhere else on Earth! That’s a pretty fascinating fact, isn’t it?
A few of Daintree’s endemic species include:
Green and Ringtail Possum Ulysses Butterfly Buff Breasted Paradise Kingfisher Boyd’s Forest Dragon Spotted-Tailed Quoll
Plenty of other animals call the Daintree home including several mammals like the platypus, echidna, bandicoots, and wallabies, and fish such as the freshwater bream, archerfish, and barramundi.
Some of the rarer species that call the Daintree Rainforest ecosystem home include the white-Lipped Tree Frog (the world’s largest tree frog!), Bennett’s Tree Kangaroo, the cassowary, the estuarine or
saltwater crocodile, and the Musky Rat-Kangaroo. The Bennett’s Tree Kangaroo
Of this list, the Bennett’s Tree Kangaroo is especially intriguing. Did you know? They are extremely agile and can actually leap 9m (30 ft) from one branch to another! There are also reports of a tree kangaroo jumping as much as 18m (59 ft) to the ground – without getting hurt. Check out more fascinating
Facts About Kangaroos For Kids.
The Saltwater Crocodile
The saltwater or estuarine crocodile (colloquially termed the “saltie”) is the largest crocodile species and the biggest living reptile, period. It is the most popular animal in the Daintree but certainly the most dangerous! Places to spot estuarine crocodiles include the Daintree River, mangrove swamps, and even the beaches surrounding the rainforest.
Daintree Rainforest Birds
Australia is home to nearly a tenth of the entire world’s bird species – around 830 – and more than half of those can be found in the Daintree. At least 430 species of birds can be found in the rainforest and the surrounding “Daintree Important Bird Area,” an area covering 2656 km² (1025 sq mi).
Unsurprisingly, many of these bird species also cannot be found anywhere else in the world. Some of the Daintree’s most famous birds include the impressive nest-building bowerbirds, honeyeaters, and, of course, the cassowary.
Facts About The Cassowary
Let’s take a step back from our Daintree Rainforest facts for a second to consider some amazing facts about the cassowary – a positively fascinating bird!
Here are ten incredible cassowary facts:
The cassowary is in the same family of flightless birdsas the ostrich and emu. It is the third tallestbird (after the ostrich and emu) and the second heaviest(first is the ostrich!). It is considered the most dangerous birdon earth, thanks to its dagger-like claws. Cassowaries are one of the dinosaurs’ closest living relatives. One of its hold-over features from the dinosaur era is its casque– a brown helmet-thingy on its head which it probably uses to regulate heat exchange. Cassowaries are also essential for ensuring seed dispersalin the Daintree – especially the dispersal of large seeds. Moreover, they have been recorded as eating some 238 species of plant seeds, which means they are important for maintaining the diversity of plant life in the Daintree and other tropical rainforests. Cassowary chicks are raised by their dads! The female cassowary checks out as soon as she lays her eggs, leaving the male to build a nest and incubate the eggs for 50 days. After they hatch, the male cassowary continues to care for his offspring for another 9 months. Speaking of eggs – the cassowary egg is large, like an ostrich’s. In fact, it is the third-largestbird egg in the world, measuring 9 by 14 cm (3.5” by 5.5”) and weighing in at over half a kilo(584g)! Not to mention – the cassowary egg is an astounding shade of green! This helps them stay camouflaged among the tropical vegetation and protects them from predators.
Did You Know? Unique Facts About Daintree Rainforest Plants
One of the things that make the Daintree so special is its biodiversity. This, on top of its long history, make the Daintree an important research site into the history of medicinal plants and a hotspot for botanists. If you visit, you will no doubt be astounded by the incredible variety of Daintree Rainforest flora!
Rare & Unique Plants Found Only in the Daintree
As we saw above, the Daintree is absolutely filled with flora. There are over 3000 species to be precise, including 920 types of trees! Including some that are found nowhere else in the world. Here are just a few:
Blue Quandongs ( Elaeocarpus angustifolius)
Also called the Blue Marble Tree or Blue Fig, the Blue Quandong is a fast-growing tropical tree with wide buttress roots, creamy white flowers, and bright blue round fruit (hence the name!). They are another source of bush tucker and also play an important role in the Daintree, shading smaller plants from too much sun.
Wild Ginger
Wild Ginger in the Daintree Rainforest grows an astounding nearly 6m tall (19 ft). While other species of wild ginger are toxic, the Daintree Wild Ginger can be a lifesaver. When the stem is cut near the bottom it releases water, providing a refreshing – at times life-saving – drink for hikers.
Austrobaileya
Austrobaileya is a vine with spiraling, pale green flowers and is not found anywhere else in the world. Being a vine, it winds its way up the trees to climb as high as 50m to the top of the rainforest canopy. One of the most interesting things about this vine is its flowers: they don’t smell sweet, but rather like rotting fish!
Primitive Daintree Rainforest Plants – The Green Dinosaurs
Given its age, some plants in the Daintree Rainforest are actually as old as the forest itself – relics of our ancient past. In fact, more than half – 12 out of 19 – of all of the planet’s flowering plant families are found in the Daintree.
Idiot Fruit ( Idiospermum australiense)
You read that right – there is a plant called the
Idiot Fruit! One of the most primitive and rarest plants – found only in the Daintree! The Idiot Fruit is another dinosaur contemporary. Our research reveals that timber cutters in the 1880s knew the poisonous qualities of the fruit, and “only a fool or an idiot would eat the fruit because it would kill you!”
It was re-discovered by accident in 1970 after several cows mysteriously died. The culprit was Idiot Fruit (also known as Ribbonwood), and its discovery is considered Australia’s most significant botanical find. Its presence in the Daintree – a clue to just how old the forest is – is largely responsible for the Daintree being designated a World Heritage area.
Unlike modern flowering plants which are all either monocots (one) or dicots (two), Idiot Fruit are
poly-cots, with up to six embryonic leaves per seed. Very unique! The Copper Laurel ( Eupomatia Laurina)
The Copper Laurel, also known as bolwarra or native guava, is a primitive understory plant that evolved before bees and butterflies; as a result, it is pollinated by
beetles!
The sweet but strong-flavored fruit can be used in combination with other ingredients in beverages, jams, and desserts.
Daintree Rainforest Plants To Avoid!
Not all plants are harmless! If you’ve ever accidentally touched poison ivy or stinging nettle, you’ll know what I mean!
In the Daintree, there are a couple of the plants you are best to keep away from including the Wait-A-While Vine and the Stinging Tree. The Wait-A-While Vine is a plant whose spikes are so sharp they can cut through clothing. The Stinging Tree is filled with tiny, invisible stingers which, if they prick you, will cause an itch.
Bonus! 5 More Daintree Rainforest Facts There are three major rivers that flow through the rainforest: the Daintree River, the Mossman River, and the Bloomfield River.
The Daintree is one of the “Q150 Icons of Queensland”.This list of cultural icons was compiled in 2009 as part of Queensland’s 150 thanniversary.
Daintree National Park is actually split in two, with a piece of agricultural land separating them. The northern section (north of the Daintree River) is the oldest section and considered more spectacular than the southern section (known as the Mossman section).
Only part of the Daintree Rainforest is protected parkland. The rest of the Daintree Rainforest faces threats from deforestation, climate change, residential development, and invasive plant and animal species. Forest fragmentation due to residential and agricultural development is the biggest threat facing the Daintree and its wildlife. Part of the Queensland government’s conservation plan involves buying back privately-owned land in order to protect it from further development. ( Click hereif you want to help protect the Daintree!)
Over 400,000 people visit the Daintree every year!We think the Daintree is a fabulous place to visit – with kids or without! How To Visit Daintree Rainforest: Things To Do
If this list of facts on the Daintree Rainforest has got you itching to go, here are our tips for how to plan your visit! There are lots of things to do in Daintree: from boardwalk trails, untouched beaches, and camping sites to guided tours and an old-fashioned cable ferry.
You can access the Daintree Rainforest from Cairns, Port Douglas, Cape Tribulation, or Cooktown. On our first visit to the Daintree Rainforest with kids, we went to the Mossman Gorge Center, a very family-friendly thing you can do while in Port Douglas. In fact, check out our
19 AMAZING Things To Do In Port Douglas and The BEST Cairns Holidays: Our Ultimate Guide To Family Holidays In Cairns if you are visiting the area.
We also recommend spending time “where the reef meets the rainforest” at Cape Tribulation. Here turquoise waters and pristine white sand contrasts with the lush rainforest. In fact, if you wanting to learn more about the Great Barrier Reef, check out our
Great Barrier Reef Facts For Kids. And, if you plan on visiting the reef Amazing Great Barrier Reef Tours And Tips For Snorkeling In Cairnsis a must-read.
If you want help planning things to do in Daintree Rainforest, we recommend choosing a responsible tour operator with a sustainable ethos or visiting indigenous-managed projects like the Mossman Gorge Center.
The Verdict – The Daintree Rainforest: Facts About A Prehistoric Marvel!
It’s high on our family bucket list to return to far North Queensland and one of the main reasons is to spend time exploring the Daintree region. Who knows, if I get sufficiently experienced in 4WD driving, I could recreate my childhood: in 1982, when I was 7 years old, we headed up the CREB Track north of the Daintree, now considered one of Australia’s most spectacular and challenging 4WD trails.
Learning all these fascinating Daintree Rainforest facts has certainly whetted our appetite to return. We hope they will inspire you to visit, too!
Like It > Pin It> 15 AMAZING Daintree Rainforest Facts: Get Ready to be Wowed | 18,641 | 7,934 | 42,542.549408 |
warc | 202143 | Have you ever wondered why plants eat bugs? Well, the reason is that carnivorous plants do not actually need to consume bug meat to survive. The reason is that they are vegetarians! Vegetarians do not need to eat animal products to be healthy and live. However, there are some plants that need to consume flesh to survive.
Carnivores or meat-eaters actually consume the living tissue of animals. Plants, on the other hand, have a liver that is used to break down animal tissues and break down protein found in animal waste. Plants actually do not have livers and thus, do not need to consume animal proteins. Plants only obtain protein from animal waste when they are damaged or killed by insects. This is why many plants only have insects as prey if they cannot get rid of the insects by themselves.
In order for plants to survive and grow, they need to absorb nutrients from the soil in order to produce food. If the soil is infested with pests and organisms such as ants and beetles, it will be very difficult for the plants to absorb these nutrients. Thus, if a plant needs to eat an insect to grow, then it must also be able to digest the insect or eat the insect and then digest the plant in order for the plant to absorb nutrients.
To digest an insect, plants need to consume parts of its body called arilmis. In fact, most plants only consume parts of their body while others eat the whole plant. However, some plants have been able to consume insects and even tree bark. This is because some plants have certain parts that are rich in vitamin A and can grow in the soil where other plants cannot grow. This is how plants get their colors.
How do carnivorous plants feed on bugs? They make use of their saliva, which is a kind of digestive fluid. The saliva has the same components as human saliva and thus, the plant will be able to digest the insect without any problem. Some plants also inject a kind of enzymes into the bug’s body to break its flesh down before consuming it. However, it is not yet clear why the plant does this. Some theories say that the enzymes cause the plant to secrete heat that kills the bugs, while others think that it is the saliva that excretes the heat.
How do carnivorous plants get inside the houses of people? They can enter through the holes and crevices of the house. Some studies have shown that they have been found in areas that had many rats and mice. These studies however, did not prove that they were really living inside the homes. However, there are reports of them living inside and that is probably why people have a fear of them.
How do carnivorous plants reproduce? Some plants have the ability to form a sort of symbiotic relationship with certain other plants, wherein the plant helps to reproduce the insects that feed on it. The plants then transfer the eggs from one to the other and the resulting plant will become the meal of the new insect.
How do carnivorous plants know when to eat? Since they have to consume live prey to grow, they grow even more powerful to be able to consume their own prey. It may take millions of years for a plant to reproduce its own prey but that will still be thousands of years before it will start to die out since there are many bugs eating its food. When a plant is very old, it might just be a matter of time before it dies out and becomes an unappreciated plant in the garden. It is for this reason that most homeowners are encouraged to keep their gardens free of bugs and insects because even a single leaf or a twig that grows out of control can kill a whole family. | 3,585 | 1,541 | 8,307.615185 |
warc | 202143 | Commonwealth Bank of Australia's new chief executive, Matt Comyn, and chairman Catherine Livingstone have pushed back on calls by Treasurer Scott Morrison for more heads to roll at the top of the bank, after the prudential regulator exposed a culture of arrogance and complacency at the nation's largest lender.
After a scathing report found CBA's board had insufficient rigour and urgency, and the bank had developed a complacent and insular culture, Mr Morrison described the findings as a "a wake-up call for every board member in the country" and said he expected additional departures from CBA.
As he pledged to restore CBA's battered reputation, Mr Comyn said five of his direct reports had already left the bank and while "there are a lot of changes under way," he refused to speculate on further departures.
"There is no silver bullet for us, but this is a first step to shift our culture to be more transparent, more accountable and more customer focused," he said.
Ms Livingstone said the board had been "on an intensive path of renewal" over the past couple of years, with seven of its nine non-executive directors having departed.
"What I am trying to do is balance the pace of renewal with the need to retain institutional memory," she said, describing the report as "both upfront and confronting about our shortcomings in governance, culture, and accountability, as well as being direct and clear on a path forward."
"We understand both the scale of change which is necessary and its seriousness. However, I am confident that those changes will see us become a better, stronger bank for our customers, staff, regulators and shareholders."
Operational risk capital
Shadow treasurer Chris Bowen said there was no need for more sackings. "These matters at the end of the day are for the individual company," he said.
As a consequence of the report, the Australian Prudential Regulation Authority imposed a penalty on the bank by demanding it hold an extra $1 billion of "operational risk" capital.
That will cut the bank's common equity tier 1 (CET1) capital ratio from 10.4 per cent to 10.1 per cent. CBA pledged not to pass on the extra charge to customers.
APRA said to comply with the report's findings CBA estimated it would need to hire 800 staff. Breaching the undertaking could also expose the bank to additional fines of up to $210 million under the Banking Executive Accountability Regime which comes into effect on July 1.
The 110-page report, commissioned following financial intelligence agency AUSTRAC's claims that CBA's automatic teller machines had been used to facilitate money laundering, unveiled a litany of shortcomings.
These included the board placing too much trust in management, a lack or urgency responding to concerns of regulators, not learning from mistakes, overconfidence, excessive complexity, a lack of accountability, overly legalistic approaches towards regulators and customers, and poor remuneration policies which failed to enhance risk and compliance.
Management and the board had their senses "dulled by financial success", the report said.
APRA chairman Wayne Byres said the findings put all banks on notice "to gauge whether similar issues might exist in their institutions".
ANZ CEO Shayne Elliott said he had already established a team to determine "what we can learn from this, and what can we change".
APRA will require that assessment to go to the ANZ board and then to the regulator, Mr Elliott said.
The APRA inquiry – conducted by former APRA chairman John Laker, former Australian Competition and Consumer Commission (ACCC) chairman Graeme Samuel and corporate director Jillian Broadbent – comes at a time of upheaval for the financial sector.
Remuneration consequences
The Hayne royal commission has already claimed the scalps of AMP chair Catherine Brenner and CEO Craig Meller as the reputations of the major banks have faced further batterings.
Ms Livingstone said CBA had committed to report to APRA on remuneration consequences for staff, indicating pay cuts might be on the cards as the report claimed poor risk management went unpunished.
"We will look at each individual in the context of the findings of the report and consider consequences appropriately, and they will be reflected in our remuneration report when we release it with our full year results [in August]," she said.
Mr Comyn met with around 500 senior CBA executives on Tuesday afternoon, and said he would ask them all to read the report and brief their teams on it.
"My ask is that you track our progress and hold me and my team accountable," he said.
"It is certainly a challenging environment in banking at the moment, and I wouldn't underestimate work that will be required. But a lot of these recommendations go to the heart of how we become a better institution."
Among the 35 recommendations were calls for more constructive challenge and debate among managers, to give the chief risk officers more independence to challenge the business, and develop more granular operational and compliance risk metrics.
Read next: James Eyerswrites on banking, fintech and technology. Based in our Sydney newsroom, James is a former Legal Affairs and Capital editor for the Financial Review Connect with James on Twitter. Email James at jeyers@afr.com.au
Fetching latest articles | 5,381 | 2,615 | 10,928.677247 |
warc | 202143 | Only 60 per cent of the gender gap closed in the MENA region, compared with 75 per cent in Europe and 68 per cent in East Asia and the Pacific, according to the World Economic Forum’s
Global Gender Gap Report 2016.
Qatar stands first in the Arab world, but is 119
th globally, followed by Algeria (120), UAE (124), Tunisia (126), Kuwait (128), Mauritania (129), Bahrain (131), Egypt (132), Oman (133) and Jordan (134).
Below is a look at each country’s economic updates this week.
Bahrain Bahrain’s real estate market is about to get a massive pump as Mumtalakat, a Bahraini sovereign fund, announced it will be investing approximately $500 million. The investment will see the creation of two hotels, at a total investment of more than $300m. Egypt Egypt is still waiting for the IMF’s approval on the $6 billion bilateral financing loan, supplementing roughly $4 billion in first year funding from the entity. The IMF expects its board to consider the loan “within weeks”, according to a senior official. Egypt plans to issue roughly $2bn in international bonds, with the roadshows expected to start in the early weeks of November. Net foreign direct investments fell by 21.5 per cent YoY to $992.9m during 2015-2016, the central bank reported. Meanwhile, Investment inflows dropped to approximately $2.876bn by end June 2016, while outflows recorded $1.883bn. Money from Arab countries registered the biggest decline, falling by 44.7 per cent to $425.2m as of end-June. Egypt plans to raise investments in the market by 19 per cent in FY2017-2018, revealed the trade and industry minister. He stated that plans were underway aiming to raise economic growth to six per cent within the next fiscal year and to lower financial deficit to 8.5 per cent in 2018-2019. Egypt’s central bank will allocate EGP10 billion($1.1bn) for youth-led technological projects, which usually have high economic feasibility, according to the central bank chief, as part of the wider EGP200bn initiative to support and boost SMEs. The number of mobile users in Egypt increased to 96.4m by end of July with the addition of 200,000 new subscribers. Jordan The unemployment ratein Jordan was 15.8 per cent in Q3 this year; the joblessness rate among men was 13.8 per cent, while it reached 25.2 per cent among women. Kuwait The total workforce in Kuwait reached 1.9m in June this year; the number of Kuwaitis in the total workforce declined to 18 per cent, down from 19 per cent in 2015. Asians accounted for 49.7 per cent of foreign workers, while non-Kuwaiti women constituted 10.2 per cent of the expatriate workforce. Kuwait is still considering issuing international bonds worth around KWD3bn ($9.90bn), revealed a finance ministry official. Qatar Qatar’s trade surplus narrowed by 25.8 per cent YoY to QAR 8.8bn in September. Exports of petroleum gases and other gaseous hydrocarbons fell 13.5 per cent to QAR 11.4bn. Imports were down 8.8 per cent YoY. Total credit disbursed in Qatar grew by 1.1 per cent in September, as total domestic public sector loans increased by 2.2 per cent. Private sector loans were up 0.7 per cent mom, as real estate sector loans increased 0.8 per cent mom. Real estate sector loans account for roughly 28 per cent of private sector loans. Qatar’s banks “remain healthy”, according to the central bank’s Financial Stability Review, as more than 80 per cent of their non-performing loans are provisioned. The Banking Stability Index, also part of the Review, decreased marginally in 2015, though risk from liquidity and soundness increased. The risk perception of the banks has increased this year, as 50 per cent of surveyed banks reported an increase across all risk factors: soundness, fragility, liquidity, profitability and inefficiency.
Saudi Arabia Saudi Arabiahas no further plans to issue monthly local currency bonds, given its recent international bond sale, disclosed the Maalfinancial website quoting unnamed sources. Inflation in Saudi Arabia was at its lowest level this year, at –3.0 per cent YoY in September. As austerity bites, the Saudi central bank asks banks to reschedule households’ property loans. While the banks must offer all available rescheduling options to clients, neither fixed interest rates on loans nor variable rates can be changed and banks cannot take extra fees when they reschedule loans, according to the central bank.
UAE The UAE’s President issued the long-awaitedFederal bankruptcy law, which is likely to be enacted in Q1 2017. According to the law firm Tamimi & Tamimi, a restructuring and bankruptcy committee would oversee the process and would offer three options: restructuring, preventative composition and bankruptcy. UAE established the Federal Tax Authority to collect data, information and statistics related to federal taxes. This entity is expected to coordinate with the federal government, local governments and taxpayers on all matters related to taxes and related fines. The UAE jumped five positions to 26 thrank globally in the latest issue of the World Bank’s Doing Business The country, which ranked top among Arab nations, was also in the list of top ten international improvers on the basis of reforms undertaken. The UAE increased its clean energy target to 27 per cent by 2021 from 24 per cent previously announced.
Source: Nasser Saidi & Associates | 5,422 | 2,576 | 11,222.86646 |
warc | 202143 | Main Article Content Abstract
known that hyperspectral data can help to characterize some of the relations between soil composition, vegetation
characteristics, and natural/artificial materials in urbanized areas. During the project we collected DAIS and
ROSIS data over the urban test area of Pavia, Northern Italy, though due to a late delivery of ROSIS data only
DAIS data was used in this work. Here we show results referring to an accurate characterization and classification
of land cover/use, using different supervised approaches, exploiting spectral as well as spatial information.
We demonstrate the possibility to extract from the hyperspectral data information which is very useful for environmental
characterization of urban areas.
Article Details Open-Access License No Permission Required
Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia applies the Creative Commons Attribution License (CCAL) to all works we publish.
Under the CCAL, authors retain ownership of the copyright for their article, but authors allow anyone to download, reuse, reprint, modify, distribute, so long as the original authors and source are cited. No permission is required from the authors or the publishers. | 1,210 | 691 | 2,097.800289 |
warc | 202143 | Medicare Part D Enrollment Tools
START PREPARING NOW
FOR PART D CHALLENGES Educate Your Patients to Avoid Confusion & Disruption
Medicare Part D open enrollment for 2020 starts October 15, and it's time prepare for plan change season and the stress and confusion it brings.
As in past enrollment periods, some of your Part D patients are likely to receive confusing or incomplete information about which pharmacies they can use in a particular plan's Part D network. Some of these communications mislead patients into thinking that if your pharmacy is not preferred in a plan, they cannot fill prescriptions there.
Rather than scrambling to counter confusing and misleading communications that may come late in the enrollment period, start educating your patients now and offer to answer questions and assist in plan comparisons.
American Pharmacies has prepared a customizable letter that you can send to select patients who need help with their plan choices or have questions about whether they should use a preferred or non-preferred network pharmacy. The letter is in Microsoft Word format and can be individualized with your own pharmacy logo, name and address/phone number. We also are providing a Part D bag clipper and a half-page flier that you can print to hand out to patients or use as a bag stuffer. Use the links at the top of this article to download.
Part D Resources
For You & Your Patients
Go to our Resources Page for a downloadable patient letter, bag stuffers & clippers, and links to helpful online tools.
Plan Changes Affecting Enrollees in 2021
Initial Deductible: Increases by $10 to $445 in 2021. Initial Coverage Limit (ICL): Increases from $4,020 in 2020 to $4,130. Out-of-Pocket Threshold: Increases from $6,350 to $6,550. Coverage Gap (Donut Hole): Begins once a beneficiary reaches the Medicare Part D plan's initial coverage limit ($4,130 in 2021) and ends when out-of-pocket expenses total $6,550. CMS estimates that $10,048.39 in medications must be purchased in 2021 before exiting the Donut Hole. 2021 Donut Hole Discount: Part D enrollees will receive a 75% Donut Hole discount on brand-name drugs purchased while in the Donut Hole: a 70% discount paid by the drug manufacturer and a 5% discount paid by the Part D plan. The 70% paid by the drug manufacturer combined with the 25% the enrollee pays toward the Donut Hole exit point. Example: A beneficiary who reaches the Donut Hole and purchases a brand drug that costs $100 will pay $25 for the medication and receive $95 credit toward the 2020 out-of-pocket limit. Medicare Part D beneficiaries who reach the Donut Hole will also pay a maximum 25% co-pay on generic drugs purchased while in the Coverage Gap (a 75% discount). The co-pay counts toward the Donut Hole exit point. Minimum Cost-sharing During Catastrophic Coverage: Beneficiaries will be charged $3.70 for generic or preferred multisource drugs with a retail price under $74 and 5% for those with a retail price of $74 or more. For brand drugs, beneficiaries will pay $8.95 for those costing under $184 and 5% for those with a retail price over $184 or more. Maximum Co-payments below the Out-of-Pocket Threshold for certain Low Income Full Subsidy (LIS) Eligible Enrollees: Increases to $3.70 for generic or preferred drug that is a multi-source drug and $8.95 for all other drugs in 2020. Pay Close Attention to Plan "Marketing"
CMS in 2018 narrowed its definition of the term "marketing" in Part D to mean materials and activities intended to influence enrollees' plan choice decisions. Only materials meeting this definition now receive close CMS review, while the agency has relaxed its oversight of "communications" and "communication materials."
Be on the lookout during open enrollment for communications from Part D plan sponsors and PBMs that aren't overt marketing, but attempt to influence enrollees' plan choices through misleading "notifications" about network pharmacies and co-payments. Be sure to alert American Pharmacies if any of your patients receives such communications.
The True Impact of Preferred Networks
In this time of restricted Part D networks and growing DIR fees, it does not make economic sense to participate as a preferred provider in every Part D plan. The negative margins that you would experience as a preferred provider in some Part D plans simply cannot be overcome through increased script volume.
AmerisourceBergen's Elevate Provider Network has proven that profitability is possible in Part D plans through careful plan analysis and by not seeking preferred provider status in plans that essentially guarantee negative margins. In understanding Elevate's decision to avoid preferred provider participation in certain Part D plans, you should remember:
LIS (low-income subsidy) patients pay the same co-pay regardless of whether or not you are a preferred provider. Full-benefit, dual-eligible LIS patients (those on Medicaid) will have a zero copay in any Part D plan. Other LIS patients will have the same fixed co-payments in all plans. In some areas, LIS patients represent more than half of a plan's patient count. If a high percentage of your busiess is Medicaid, the impact from not being a preferred network pharmacy will be greatly minimized. Remember that patients who leave your pharmacy over a small co-pay differential are not likely to be your most profitable patients or the ones purchasing your front-end merchandise.
Cultivating Patient Loyalty
The fact that your pharmacy is not preferred with a given Part D plan does not mean your patients need to find another pharmacy or another plan. Patients choose their Part D plan based on many variables, only one of which is cost and convenience of the plan's network pharmacies. Patients typically look closely at:
Monthly premium; Annual deductible; Co-pays; Coverage during the donut hole; Formulary; and The plan's pharmacy network.
Your patients come to your pharmacy for a reason... Identify the values they perceive in you and reinforce them every way you can. One of the best ways you can do that is by being a helpful and empathetic resource for their Part D decisions. | 6,170 | 2,765 | 13,694.499096 |
warc | 202143 | Saturday, 21 August 2021
Liège Mayor Willy Demeyer (PS) announced on Friday evening that he would issue a decree banning the transit of heavy goods vehicles in the city as it faces major mobility issues resulting from the massive flooding that took place there.
The text for the decree is already being drafted, and the extraordinary move was made in anticipation of a worsening of mobility problems expected with the start of the school year.
The closure of a section of the E25/40, also known as the tunnel under Cointe, is the main cause of the congestion.
That connection was extremely affected by the rise in water levels during the deadly flooding.
Initially completely closed, some sections have been gradually reopened to traffic.
The last section, from Val-Benoît to the Grosses-Battes exit, will not be accessible until mid-October.
Once it’s reopened, motorists will only be able to drive on it in a restricted manner at first, including with a reduced maximum speed and a reduction in the number of traffic lanes.
“Until then, we have 80,000 vehicles a day using routes that are already saturated,” said the mayor.
In addition to the damage done to major roadways, the Belgian railway network was also badly affected.
Many lines are blocked, a bridge has collapsed, mudslides have washed away the ballast in many places and several sections are no longer passable due to the collapse of the embankment on which the tracks rest, according to the agencies.
It will take until at least the end of summer before service is restored.
Some elected officials in Liège are calling for a modal shift in the future in order to relieve congestion in the city and make it less dependent on the now damaged roadway link.
Among the proposed solutions are the development of railways in the Liège region, more cycle paths and the creation of a second tram line linking the Vesdre to the town of Ans.
The Brussels Times | 1,966 | 1,060 | 3,551.783019 |
warc | 202143 | Brantford has become a hotbed of investor activity lately, thanks to multifamily dwellings and affordable low-rise housing.
Forecasting real estate hotspots requires the study of key market fundamentals, and in the Greater Toronto Area one of the main drivers is the millennial generation.
Entering their prime income earning years, millennials have changed the way of people live and work. Telecommuting, for example, was a novel concept a decade ago, but today it’s pushing brick and mortar offices into obsolescence. As working from home has become the new normal, millennials in particular are capitalizing on leisurely lifestyle opportunities.
“Millennials care about living balanced lives,” said Gary Silverberg, developer of Art Condos in Toronto’s trendy Queen West neighbourhood, and of Debut Condos in Barrie, which Silverberg identified as a new hot spot.
“The generations before them had a different idea of what work and play was; they didn’t have the same luxuries that this generation has created.”
Work-life balance is crucial for millennials and they’re leading an exodus out of cluttered, expensive urban centres towards their bucolic peripheries. No longer bound by 9-5 work schedules and hour-long commutes, people whose employers are headquartered in Toronto are working from places like Collingwood and Barrie, and in their spare time enjoying the outdoors, hitting ski slopes and dragon boating on Lake Simcoe.
And while the trend has been well established for much of the past decade, the COVID-19 pandemic has accelerated it.
“People are escaping to open spaces,” said Silverberg. “I’ve noticed people feel claustrophobic, especially with the lack of stimulation and entertainment offered in major urban cities like Toronto. They’re looking for things to mentally and physically stimulate them and they realize how important it is to make decisions based on other variables, so they’re rebalancing and recalibrating themselves according to what they deem important.”
Barrie, for its part, has seized upon its nascent urbanism and vast natural landscapes. Dunlop St. W., near its six-kilometre waterfront, is being rejuvenated, in part, by a massive $2.9 billion infrastructure investment from all levels of government, and the city expects 210,000 new residents in 10 years and 129,000 new jobs by 2041. Debut Condos, comprising two 33-storey towers with 272 units apiece, is the first residential high-rise development in Barrie—a location Silverberg didn’t choose on a whim.
“Barrie’s appreciation has just started,” he said. “The city has received a lot more recognition in the last few months and it’s evident in its downtown development. Downtown Barrie is a perfect mix of urban and nature.”
East of Toronto, Courtice, sandwiched between Oshawa and Bowmanville, is another example of millennials trading in citified surroundings for arcadia. The Uplands Courtice is a near sold-out luxury townhouse project that will be home to many an erstwhile Torontonian yearning for the tranquility of nature.
“It provides homeowners with the rare opportunity to connect with nature in the middle of suburban Courtice,” said developer Alan Hirschfield of High Street Courtice Inc. “In the last seven or eight months, a lot of millennial buyers have come to Uplands looking for a better quality of life and an affordable quality of life that’s not available in Toronto.”
The housing crisis facing our country is finally receiving the attention it deserves, but there is another equally troubling situation that the construction industry must contend with that also threatens our economic recovery.
Canada’s luxury residential real estate market is flying high these days, thanks in large part to robust consumer confidence and economic optimism, says a new report from Sotheby’s International Realty Canada.
Ontario’s rent freeze concludes January 1, but in Toronto where rental income hardly carries condo mortgages, some investors might not be able to achieve market rents for the foreseeable future.
Just fill in a few details, and we'll arrange for a Mortgage adviser to help you find the best mortgage for your needs
The pandemic has been difficult on landlords but it highlights the importance of working with tenants who were incapable of paying rent on time and finding solutions.
Brantford has become a hotbed of investor activity lately, thanks to multifamily dwellings and affordable low-rise housing.
A new digital platform endeavours to streamline what its founders say is an inefficient housing development process through a new data-driven operating system for developers to share and access information.
The Toronto Regional Real Estate Board (TRREB) is reporting a busy fall market, as sales and average sale prices rose from August to September, although new listings declined.
Packing up and moving is arduous enough, but making matters worse for many Canadians is that there are many additional charges they’re often unaware of.
Canadian home prices should rise another 5% before the end of 2021, says a new report from RE/MAX. Single-family detached homes have grown the most.
“Sign up for our daily newsletter to get the latest news, updates and offers delivered directly to your inbox.”
Designed to offer readers accurate, cutting-edge information to guide their investment decisions, each issue of Canadian Real Estate is filled with informative articles on a broad range of topics.
© 2021 Canadian Estate Wealth. All Rights Reserved by Merged Media | 5,692 | 2,778 | 11,250.817855 |
warc | 202143 | Drinking water
Drinking waters include the mains water supply and also private drinking water supplies. The mains water supply is the responsibility of Dŵr Cymru Welsh Water.
We monitor the quality of water from private supplies such as: Wells Boreholes Streams Springs Rivers
A private water supply could serve just one property or it could be a large supply with a large network of pipes supplying water to many properties. To make sure that water used in the home and for producing food is of the high quality needed to protect public health, the government has set legal quality standards for all water used for drinking, washing and cooking or used in businesses which produce food or drink. These are the same standards set for mains water supplies.
The Private Water Supplies (Wales) Regulations 2017 places a duty on us to sample and risk assess all private water supplies in our area within five years, with the exception of supplies serving a single dwelling. The frequency of sampling and risk assessment is specified in the regulations.
Charges
The legislation has introduced a charging scheme for the monitoring of private water supplies. In Carmarthenshire, the charges below are for private water supply sampling and analysis, risk assessment and investigation.
Type of supply Risk assessment Visit Sample analysis Total cost: visit and sampling Large / commercial £75 hourly rate £100 £65 plus £15.24 for microbiology sample £180.24 + VAT Small £75 hourly rate £75 £25 £100 + VAT Single domestic supply £75 hourly rate (if requested only) £50 £25 £75 + VAT
Requests for the sampling and analysis of supplies not covered by the regulations may also be made and are subject to the same charges.
More from Environmental Health | 1,820 | 881 | 3,592.485812 |
warc | 202143 | When my mother and I get pedicures she always talks to the woman who paints her toes. This drives me crazy. I tip generously, but for me part of the beauty of a pedicure is in the anonymity of the service. My mother, though, is right. I think her approach to relationships holds a key to one part of the struggle against human trafficking. It is in relationship that trust is built, and only in a trusting relationship will victims of human trafficking come forward.
Human trafficking is the smuggling, trading or exploitation of people for the use of their labour or their bodies. The most recent numbers suggest that 17,000 people are trafficked into the United States every year, and the RCMP estimates that between 600 and 2,000 people are trafficked into Canada annually. These numbers are worrisome, but they are relatively small given the size of our populations. The bigger problem is that within our countries the labour of both residents and citizens can be exploited. And many recent studies demonstrate that this problem hits closer to home than we’d like to admit. The beauty industry, for example, exploits the labour of young women in ways that can parallel slavery.
In May 2015, Sarah Maslin Nir of the
New York Times wrote a shocking expose of the illegal and dangerous conditions suffered by manicurists in New York city. Over the last three years, newspapers in the U.K. have documented the connection between human trafficking and nail salons in cities throughout England. These reports describe the terrible work conditions that manicurists face, often because the workers do not have a way to enforce their rights. Some do not speak English; some do not have legal papers to work, and many owe large sums of money to the people who trafficked them into or around the country. Often workers are not paid a fair wage – sometimes only a few dollars for a full day of work. And long term health consequences occur when manicurists don’t have masks, gloves or a ventilated work area for safety. Taking action Christians are justifiably outraged by the crime of human trafficking, and we usually support legislation focused on detecting and supporting the victims of what is often referred to as modern day slavery. But it is also important for us to recognize that government and even the work of non-profits can be only one part of the solution. Every one of us, in our own everyday lives, must work to take responsibility for those who are victimized.
First, we have to admit that these things can happen right in front of us, in our own towns. Last year in my city of Spokane the owner of a nail salon was arrested for pimping young women from his suburban home. In the first reported Spokane County human trafficking sting, women were found locked up in a seemingly abandoned shack that I have driven by many times. So many of us were shocked, but had we been more attentive I wonder what we might have seen.
Second, if we’re not part of the service industry ourselves, we have to be the kind of people who know and build relationships with those who cut our hair, paint our nails, service our cars or clean the tables at our favorite restaurants. Be alert for the following conditions, which indicate a potential trafficking situation: if a worker lives with an employer; if an employer prevents you from speaking with a worker or if the worker seems to be scripted or rehearsed in conversation. As we build relationships we can ask questions like these:
• Have you ever tried a different job? Could you if you wanted to? • How did you decide on this sort of job? • Are you in debt to your employer? • Can you come and go if you please?
If answers seem worrisome, make a call. Every Canadian province has an office with toll free numbers where reports can be filed. In British Columbia, for example, the Office to Combat Trafficking in Persons number is 1-888-712-7974. In the U.S., the National Human Trafficking Resource Center at 1-888-373-7888 gives a lot of helpful information related to law enforcement and other professional assistance.
It is scary to think that we can perpetuate the pain or abuse of another simply by getting a pedicure or making use of other inexpensive services. Getting to know the vulnerable people in our towns is a first step toward taking responsibility.
You just read something for free. But it didn’t appear out of thin air. Writers, editors and designers at Christian Courier worked behind the scenes to bring hope-filled, faith-based journalism to you. As an independent publication, we simply cannot produce award-winning, Christ-centred material without support from readers like you. And we are truly grateful for any amount you can give! CC is a registered charity, which is good news for you! Every contribution ($10+) is tax-deductible. | 4,858 | 2,389 | 9,764.803684 |
warc | 202143 | Dear Members of the Clark Community,
It is with a heavy heart that we mourn another senseless killing of a black man at the hands of law enforcement, this time in a Minneapolis suburb where Daunte Wright, a twenty year old unarmed black man, was shot by a Brooklyn Center police officer.
The killing of Daunte Wright is especially painful in light of the collective trauma being relived as the trial of Derek Chauvin, the police officer responsible for the death of George Floyd, is underway. The deep pain and suffering of black communities, people of color, and others who have suffered from police brutality is a deep and festering wound rooted in racialized injustice that we all must acknowledge if we are ever to begin to heal.
Recognizing the ongoing pain and trauma experienced by black and African American members of our community surrounding issues of police brutality is critical grounding and context for our own campus-based work related to campus safety. I realize my recent call for mutual respect of all members of our community needed this greater context to be understood as I had intended it. We will only succeed in our own current efforts around safety and security and campus climate by doing the necessary work of acknowledging and understanding this pain and suffering. We must support the hard work of healing particularly within and among our black, indigenous and other communities of color, and we must embark upon a process that enables us to establish trust within our community as we strive to become even more fully the socially just community we say we are and need to be.
In the coming days, we will support affinity spaces for processing the trauma of the killing of Daunte Wright, George Floyd, and countless others who have needlessly died at the hands of police violence. Please know that I see your pain; and I hear you when you say that we can do better to support our communities of color. We can do better; we will be better.
Sincerely,
David B. Fithian ’87
President | 2,024 | 1,014 | 4,012.071006 |
warc | 202143 | POLI244-001 International Politics: State BehaviourFall 2019McGill UniversityMWF 1:35-2:25PM Leacock 132Professor Daniel Douek, PhDEmail: [email protected]Office: Ferrier 460 Office Hours: Mon. and Wed. 10-11AMCourse Description:International Relations (IR), the foundational subfield of Political Science, is predicated upon the study of state behaviour. Through analyzing the state, IR has sought to explain the major processes and outcomes of human history, including war, alliance formation, cooperation, and peacemaking. Like the field of IR itself, thiscourse will place an emphasis on states’ preoccupation with security inthe context of the anarchic global system. We will examine and compare the various schools of thought in IR, including realism, neo-realism, liberalism, institutionalism, game theory, and constructivism. These paradigms will come to life through the lens of processes such as World War I, World War II, the Cold War, the Vietnam War, the end ofthe Cold War, the War on Terror, and the emerging US-China rivalry. Wewill also explore critical streams of IR theory such as Marxism, feminism, and Developing-Area studies. Readings:Most of the readings for this course are journal articles thatwill be posted for you in PDF on MyCourses. Those readings that are not digitally available are included in a course-pack available for purchase at the University bookstore or on 3-hour reserve at the Library. Please note: Recommended readings are not mandatory; they are intended to give you further perspective, and to serve as suggested sources for your research essay. There are no prerequisites for this course. RequirementsCome to class prepared: Do all the assigned readings before class. This is important in order for you to be able to follow the lectures, which will build on (rather than just review) the readings, and for participation in your conferences. Attend class and take notes: The lectures will go far beyond the material in the textbook, so you will need to absorb and retain the lecture contents in order to succeed.Check the course website regularly: I will post announcements andother key features of the course on MyCourses. I will remind you about 1
this in class, but it is your responsibility to keep up with any and all online aspects of the course. Keep up with the news: One of the most useful things about politicalscience is that it helps us to understand current events. You’ll get muchmore out of this class if you read the news regularly. Good news sources include CBC, Globe and Mail, New York Times, BBC World, the Nation, the Financial Times, Al-Jazeera, the Washington Post, the Economist, Foreign Policy, among others. Assessments and GradingCONFERENCE PARTICIPATION (10%): This portion of your grade is based on attendance and participation in your weekly conference sections. Attendance ismandatory and will be recorded at every conference. You should show up to the conferences having done the readings and prepared to discuss and analyze them. | 3,021 | 1,580 | 5,751.372152 |
warc | 202143 | The Covid-19 crisis has highlighted the importance of developing more resilient, inclusive, equitable and sustainable societies and economies that are capable of withstanding future crises, natural disasters, and other potential threats. There is a growing recognition that policies and actions based on incremental change to ‘business as usual’ are failing and only a transformational change can safeguard communities and make them more resilient. The Climate Technology Centre and Network (CTCN) is encouraging countries, the private sector and civil society groups to seize the opportunity of transforming how we consider, understand, plan, finance and respond to risks.
In response to the impact of the pandemic and the challenges that countries experience in moving to clean energy transitions, the CTCN is launching a new series of climate technology webinars titled Ensuring a Climate Resilient Recovery after COVID-19. The intended audience for these webinars includes developing and emerging countries, their economies, the private sector, civil society groups and government officials. The webinar covers case studies and discussions on wide range of climate related issues comprising decarbonization plans and roadmaps, streamlining supply chain integrating circularity, new and innovative business models, and nature-based solutions. For more information, please read the CTCN publication "Ensuring a Climate Resilient Recovery after COVID-19".
The objectives of the webinars include: To provide a pathway for countries to benefit from a sharing of knowledge and best practices to support domestic policymaking efforts around the full implementation of the Paris Agreement. To inform a country’s considerations when investing in, and implementing, climate resilience actions aimed at delivering on nationally determined contributions. To build the capacity of policymakers, businesses and climate service providers in planning for and implementing mitigation and adaptation technology initiatives. To exchange best practices and to build and strengthen existing skills and the capacity of CTCN stakeholders. Venue and Timing: Virtual Webinar (Dubai) 26/10/2021, 11:30 - 13:00 GST (Dubai)/09:30 - 11:00 CEST/SAST (Brussels, Cape Town)/ 08:30 - 10:00 WAT (Nigeria)/ 03:30 - 05:00 EDT (New York)/ 16:30 - 18:00 KST (Seoul)/ 13:00 - 14:30 IST (New Delhi)/ 04:30 - 06:00 BRT (Rio de Janeiro)
To join the webinar, please register at the following link: https://www.gstic.org/dubai/register/#register-dubai (please note that the CTCN Network Member can register for free using a registration code that is to be sent to their organizations’ CTCN focal point’s email on 14 Oct 2021. Please note that free registration are limited and on first come, first serve basis). If you are not yet a Network Member and you wish to join the Network, please visit the link to apply for the Network Membership- Join the Network | Climate Technology Centre & Network |(ctc-n.org) Provisional Agenda Opening by CTCN-Director - Ms. Rose Mwebaza Introduce the CTCN report/ work by Mr. Sergio La Motta, CTCN Advisory Board Member on Ensuring a climate resilient recovery after COVID-19and setting the context for the webinar The event will have presenters to share the experiences from all over the world (LAC, Africa and Asia region) on various important climate technology aspects including circular economy, decarbonization roadmaps in transport sector, nature based solution and new and emerging technologies like carbon capture and green hydrogen. Case studies include: Ms. Leida Mercado from CATIE, presenting on Developing a circular economy at the local level in Costa Rica; Mr. Subash Dhar from UNEP DTU Partnership, presenting on Developing a national policy for deploying and scaling up e-mobility in Ghana; Mr. Khampasong Khamvene, The Nationally Designated Entity (NDE) representative from Laos presenting on the Ecosystem Based Adaptation in 6 cities in Laosand Developing a Power to Gas masterplan in Laos. Ms. Leida Mercado from CATIE, presenting on Panel discussion with experts and Q&A The panel discussion will be moderated by Mr. Matthew Kennedy- Advisory Board Member of CTCN A panel discussion will be conducted with: IRENA (speaker to be confirmed) :How (From low-carbon and energy perspectives- Net-zero pathways were firmed up very recently in various countries, many of them are largely led by private sector. How these pathways will be through the COVID-19 scenario and recover resiliently?) Speaker from a Multi-lateral Agency to be confirmed :What role climate finance is going to play to scale up climate technology under NDC implementation? ( NDC revisions and raising climate ambitions overlapped with COVID-19 pandemic. Acceleration of piloting and scaling up of climate technologies under NDC implementation will be largely relying upon the climate finance) Ms. Maija Bertule, DHI: Why Gender and social inclusion in climate technology implementation (from adaptation perspectives) are even more critical now?( There are anticipations and observations that the social and gender dimensions will remain ignored due to limited resources, impacted by COVID-19. Climate technologies especially from climate adaptation perspectives has potential opportunities to mainstream the social and gender inclusions with innovative approaches?) A panel discussion will be conducted with: Closing
The webinar will take place at G-STIC 2021. G-STIC, the Global Sustainable Technology & Innovation Community, is a growing action- and impact-oriented global expert community that aims to accelerate the transition to wide-scale deployment of market-ready, transformative, integrated technological solutions to impact the achievement of the SDGs, 17 internationally agreed ambitious goals to move the world to a more sustainable future by 2030.
CTCN Director Dr. Rose Mwebaza will be also joining G-STIC 2021 as a keynote speaker and chair of the plenary session
‘Financial mechanisms for the acceleration of NDC implementation’ scheduled on October 25, 2021 (14:00 – 15:30 GST). The detailed program here: https://www.gstic.org/dubai/plenary/25-october/ | 6,204 | 2,874 | 13,284.417537 |
warc | 202143 | The past couple of years were extremely daunting for the gems
and jewellery industry. With the Modi Sarkar taking over office, the
industry pinned its hope from the new Government. The first of the
move that was highly anticipated was the relaxation of import duty on
gold and abolishment of the 80:20 rule in the Union Budget, but the
expectations were far from met. A report by M.D. Dewani.
The final Union Budget for
2014-15, presented by
Finance Minister Arun
Jaitley on 10 July 2014 has left
the diamond industry and trade as
also most segments of gems and
jewellery, virtually disappointed
as no worthwhile attempt has
been made by it, to relieve these
export-oriented sectors from the
problems they have been facing
for sometime now.
Sagging Exports:
The Government could not be unaware
that overall exports of all items of gems
and jewellery in 2013-14 were down by
12.24 per cent in dollar terms, compared
with the preceding year, while shipments of
gold jewellery during the period plummeted
by 39.50 per cent in dollar terms. Besides,
shipments in the first quarter of 2014-15
were also slack. This implied that some
special measures were needed to place these
exports on even keel. Also representations
were made to the government in this
regard by these sectors pleading for urgent
measures to boost these exports.
Inadequate Measures:
No doubt, the Union Budget announced
some measures pertaining to the gems and
jewellery business, but the leaders of this sector doubted whether these
would be enough to give adequate
boost to this sagging sector.
Import Duty on Diamonds:
So far as the diamond sector is
concerned, the Union Budget raised
the import duty on cut and polished
diamonds to 2.5 per cent from 2.00
per cent, but some manufacturers
were of the view that there was no
need to promote import of cut and
polished diamonds into the country
by keeping the level of import duty
on them at such a low level. However, some
circles, which were interested in importing
cut and polished diamonds, argued that
the import duty on such diamonds would
have been kept unchanged. One good step
taken by the budget was the imposition of
duty on imports of broken diamonds into
the country. When the country claimed to be
the biggest manufacturer of cut and polished
diamonds in the world, no facility given for
the import of cut and polished diamonds
- whether broken or otherwise could be
justified, according to some diamantaires. Colored Gemstones:
Only single small good step that was taken
by the Budget pertained to withdrawal of
duty on imports of pre-form precious and
semi-precious stones. Actually, if imports of raw materials for the colored stones sector
are facilitated, there is scope for promoting
exports of these gemstones from the country
in view of the changing fashion trend in
some overseas markets. This is expected to
lead to some increase in demand for colored
gemstones.
Gold Jewellery:
If, however, the gems and jewellery
industry is most disappointed with the Union
Budget it is because of its reluctance to place
gold jewellery exports on a healthy footing.
Last year, the Union Government stepped up
the import duty on gold in order to reduce
the current account deficit. No doubt the
same was thus reduced, but higher rate of
the import duty on gold continues. Besides,
the jewellery export trade was to purchase
its requirements of gold from certain
designated importers who were expected to
supply 20 per cent of their gold imports to
exporters of gold jewellery.
Representatives of the gold jewellery
exporters, did represent to the Government
that the import duty on gold should be
brought down from 10 per cent to the
earlier level of 2 per cent, and the Reserve
Bank should be asked to scrap 80:20
rate in regard to imports of gold. Such an
arrangement continued to restrict the supply
of gold for the promotion of gold jewellery exports from the country. The very fact that after the increase in import duty on gold, exports of gold jewellery from the country fell significantly was quite evident. However the Union Budget failed to remedy this situation and introduce some special scheme for promoting exports of gold jewellery from the country. This no doubt reduced imports of gold into the country for domestic consumption, but simultaneously unintentionally, this encouraged smuggling of gold into the country. In other words, direct imports of gold thus came down, smuggling of gold into the country not only continued but went up, the higher import duty on legal imports of gold, provided indirect incentives to smugglers to step up their illegal activity of bringing more gold into the country surreptitiously as the margin on such illegal activity increased.
Overseas Expectations:
Meanwhile, some of the overseas markets,
which are now having summer vacation, are
expected to resume their normal business
activity by the middle of the next month.
The diamond industry and trade expect
their overseas enquiries by the latter half of
August 2014.
Bullion Discouraged:
The sentiment in the bullion market
continued to be affected by the current
uncertain international political situation.
In the overseas markets, gold was quoted
around US$ 1304.34 per ounce and silver
at US$ 20.60 per ounce on 17 July 2014.
In the domestic market, standard gold was
quoted around Rs. 27,935 for 10 grammes,
while silver was traded around Rs. 45,350
per kg. The bullion trade was expecting that
import duty on gold might be brought down
to a reasonable level, as the unduly high
import duty on it encouraged smuggling and
pulled down exports of gold jewellery from
the country. However the Union Government
has remained adamant not to bring down
import duty on gold, even for promoting
exports of gold jewellery from the country! | 5,892 | 2,583 | 13,157.203252 |
warc | 202143 | Waiting List Length
We do not have a waiting list system – These Homes is a choice-based digital letting service. Anyone can register with These Homes and apply for priority if they have a priority need to be rehoused.
We have over 2,000 live registrations. Each year we only have around 60-80 available properties, and of these 50% are offered to applicants who have been assessed as homeless by East Lothian Council under homeless legislation. At any one time, around 300 households on These Homes have homeless priority, which means that we only have 30-40 available properties per year for the remaining households.
In other words, we typically house less than 2% of our non-homeless applicants each year, and if we did not take any new applications to new non-homeless applicants today, it would still take over 50 years to house everyone. Of the 89 households we housed in 2020-21, the average time they had been registered with our previous allocation system was around two years, and all but 2 of them had a priority pass or had special circumstances (e.g. a nomination from the social work department for a specialised property). We have applicants who have been registered for more than 10 years, and still have very little chance of being rehoused with us. | 1,277 | 664 | 2,436.685241 |
warc | 202143 | Exfoliating is one of the most underrated steps in skincare. There are several benefits of exfoliating that many of us are unaware of. Exfoliating products help the skin to get rid of dead skin cells, blackheads, whiteheads and dirt or grime that has built up over the surface of the skin and not been removed by cleansing....
Chocolate is known for its capability to make anyone cheat on their diet. A sinful treat, chocolate has been gorged on for decades. However, not many are aware of this sweet treat’s benefits for the skin. We bring to the forefront how this delicious ingredient is a great addition to your skincare...
If you have been reading up on some of the healthy habits to learn before sleep time, journaling daily affirmations is definitely one that you must try. Sending out positive affirmations in the universe helps manifest your thoughts and soon you realize you are happier than when you started. If there’s one...
When it comes to skincare there is no dearth of doubts and questions in all our heads. From what skin type you have to what products will best suit that skin type, we’ve got unlimited queries. If you are intrigued about natural skincare and the different ways in which these enriching ingredients can nourish your skin, you’ve...
Whether to scrub or not, is not a question that should be asked. Scrubbing or exfoliating is a necessary component of our skincare routine. We are here to clear all your doubts about exfoliation, right from – what is exfoliation to giving you a simple skin exfoliation guide. If you have been regular with your daily skincare...
Summertime brings in a stroke of positivity with the sunshine and a change in wardrobe. Charcoal wool sweaters make way for vibrant floral linen. However, with brighter days also comes heat, UV rays and sweat. So, while you are working from home, stock up on your summer skincare essentials and get ready to ace that flawless skin.
If you have been longing the perfectly dewy and flawless skin and stocking up on serums and highlighters to flaunt your skin, you might be missing out one of the most important skincare steps – exfoliation. A breakthrough step in your skin care routine, exfoliation is the best way to unload all the unimportant stuff from the...
It’s that time of the year again when you drench yourself in coloured water and let loose with friends and family to have fun in the vibrant festival of Holi. While the festival started off as playing with dry gulaal and water, but now sometimes things get a little messy with splashes of synthetic pigments. All the...
It is that time of the year when all you feel like doing is sipping on your favorite cold drinks, napping in the afternoons, and enjoying cold water showers. Summers are synonymous with all of this and also oily, greasy skin. This means it’s time for you to change your skincare routine. A crucial shift is essential...
Dreaming of the perfectly, flawless skin but don’t know how to get it? Let’s get to the basics. How often do you exfoliate your face? Exfoliation is an important part of your weekly skincare regimen. But not many know how to go about the whole process and when is the best time to exfoliate. If you have... | 3,266 | 1,567 | 6,679.980855 |
warc | 202143 | With Mother’s Day right around the corner, find a gift that makes your mother feel pampered and supported. At Senara Health and Healing Center & Spa in Peoria, our mantra is to Live Life Well. We know that our mothers do so much for us every day. So use Mother’s Day as an excuse to treat t…Read More
Medical Spa Peoria
Cold weather can start to take a toll on your immune system, especially if you’re not supporting your immune system daily But where do you start to keep your immune system strong? That’s where the team at Senara Health and Healing Center & Spa in Peoria comes in. Helping you Live Life Well i…Read More
This winter, our Winter Health series has covered different ways you can prioritize your health, ranging from bolstering your immune system and exercising enough to supporting your skin with skin care options. In this last post of the series, we wanted to share some healthy eating tips that you can …Read More
With many states throughout the country dealing with cold weather and winter storms, it's more important than ever to be kind to yourself and others. This winter, take time to support those around you and in your community with kindness. Take a moment to listen to others while also making time for y…Read More
With winter quickly coming to an end, it’s important to give your immune system all of the support you can in order to start spring on the best foot. At Senara Health and Healing Center & Spa in Peoria, we’ll create a customized IV therapy designed to help you with any concerns you have. R…Read More
At Senara, you’ll hear the mantra Live Life Well. But this year, we also want you to Be Kind. Be kind to yourself and the other important people in your life. A new year offers a chance for a fresh start. While 2020 was nothing short of unexpected, it’s also shown us the importance of taking a…Read More
Overcoming reduced sexual performance or erectile dysfunction (ED) can feel like a barrier when it comes to intimacy in your relationship. But nearly 18 million men in the United States are affected by erectile dysfunction. While some ED treatments involve medication or invasive surgery, GAINSWave…Read More
Summer is a great time to get outside and get that sculpted, toned body you’re proud to show off. But with colder weather approaching, maintaining those outdoor routines can become much more challenging. To reward yourself for all of the hard work you put in this summer — and treat yourself wi…Read More
For men (and women), it’s important to maintain a healthy relationship with sex and your sex drive. Sex is meant to be fun, but when it becomes frustrating, challenging, or embarassing, it can be hard to know how to conquer those different obstacles. Erectile dysfunction (ED) and other condition…Read More
Here's 5 Ways Senara can help you take care of YOU today and every day: ✔️ 1. Get Adjusted - Chiropractic improves nervous system health, which improves mood and a sense of overall well being ✔️2. Try Acupuncture - this 3000+ year old modality is a powerhouse at relieving stress and anxiety …Read More | 3,211 | 1,526 | 6,468.292267 |
warc | 202143 | Nokia took the wraps off a new range of 5G microwave transport products for its Wavence portfolio, targeting communications service providers and enterprises with both indoor and outdoor options.
Offerings include an outdoor nodal setup, featuring a networking interface module which can be plugged into an ultra-broadband transceiver (UBT) for either new deployments or to upgrade existing installations. The module is compatible with 80 GHz (E-band), twin and single UBTs, and supports “multiple directions, multiple interfaces and carrier aggregation.”
The vendor also unveiled two new Split Mount indoor units it claimed are the smallest on the market, and capable of withstanding extreme temperatures ranging from -40 to 65 degrees Celsius (-40 to 149 degrees Fahrenheit).
Altogether, Nokia said its expanded portfolio is capable of covering use cases spanning short-haul, long-haul, E-Band and SDN to support 5G rollouts.
Microwave transport is traditionally used in areas where fiber is either physically or economically impractical, and is expected to continue to play a significant role in networks as 5G rollouts continue. In a report issued in October 2020, Ericsson forecast 38% of global backhaul connections would be based on microwave technology by 2025.
Data from Dell’Oro Group showed the microwave transmission market declined 6% in 2020, thanks in part to losses early in the year caused by the Covid-19 pandemic. Huawei held the highest market share, followed by Ericsson and Nokia. The latter had a particularly good Q3, outperforming the market alongside Aviat and Huawei, and increasing its E-Band market share 8 percentage points in the quarter.
The market research firm predicted the overall microwave segment would make a comeback in 2021, growing an estimated 4% to $3.1 billion.
In December 2020, Dell’Oro Group VP Jimmy Yu tipped demand for E-Band systems to accelerate and grow by more than 30% in 2021 “since 5G will require more backhaul capacity.” He added multi-band systems combining E-band and lower frequency links were also expected to become more popular, given these provide both increased capacity and resilience.
“Therefore, we cannot help but think that the adoption of multi-band links will be more mainstream than niche in the coming year,” he wrote. | 2,345 | 1,267 | 4,247.651934 |
warc | 202143 | How Do I Prove My Pain and Suffering After A Car Accident?
If you’ve been injured in a car accident due to someone else’s negligence, you will likely be able to include a claim for pain and suffering as part of your car accident case.
After you have established that the defendant did indeed cause the accident and your injuries, you will have to prove financial losses so you can claim the money needed to start rebuilding your life.
The money for these losses is known as damages.
For some damages, it is easy to put a dollar amount on how much money you are owed.
For things like medical bills and property damage, you just add up your medical bills and treatments and provide receipts.
But the damages for our injuries go far beyond our medical bills and property damage.
So, how do you prove and then calculate your pain and suffering after a car accident?
To prove pain and suffering and then justifying it to an adjuster and then putting a dollar amount on it is much more complicated than adding up your medical bills.
An experienced personal injury attorney can help you prove and calculate pain and suffering beyond a shadow of a doubt.
But, it’s still good to have a general understanding of how to prove and calculate pain and suffering in a car accident case before making pain and suffering claims.
Continue reading to learn more.
I met with Harry Brown personally and he sat with me for 20 minutes at our initial consultation to explain everything. He even called after my surgery to see how I was doing. I met with him several more times after that and was kept informed about my case throughout. I highly recommend Harry Brown as an attorney.
Pain and Suffering Damages Are General Damages
After a car accident, there are two types of pain and suffering that you are likely to experience.
The first is for your physical pain and suffering. The second is for the mental distress that accompanies your physical injuries and the events surrounding your accident.
These are known as “general damages.”
There is no set formula or foolproof way to value general damages.
There are several types of injuries you can sustain during a car accident.
With several types of injuries, the injury’s significance is general knowledge, so it can be assumed that the injury is painful.
For example, a concussion after a car accident will require medical treatment, and a traumatic brain injury could require surgery.
Your concussion or brain injury will require time to heal that usually includes missed time off of work.
Sometimes a traumatic brain injury can be so severe that it never returns to “normal.”
Most people realize that the injury and recovery can cause extensive physical and mental suffering.
But, for injuries that aren’t so obvious, like a soft tissue injury, the pain and suffering isn’t as obvious.
Soft tissue injuries like bruises and cuts are very obvious to most people.
They are a direct result of something impacting skin or muscle and damaging the tissue.
But a soft tissue injury like whiplash is much less obvious.
Damage to muscles, ligaments, tendons, and your other soft tissues won’t show up in an x-ray, so there is less conclusive evidence that an injury has occurred.
But most of us have experienced an injury like this, whether it was a sprained ankle or wrist, so we know that the pain is very real and can be severe.
Proving Your Pain and Suffering After a Car Accident
To win your pain and suffering claim, you first have to prove pain and suffering.
Pain and suffering will vary from case to case, so you have to think about how your injuries have affected your lifestyle and emotional well-being.
You also have to think about how your pain and suffering will interfere with your life.
Your current pain and suffering are what you will endure from the time of your injury until your medical treatments are completed. It has an endpoint, and its duration can be measured.
Future pain and suffering is what you will endure after your treatments have ended into the foreseeable future.
It isn’t possible to know when it will end.
If you can make a complete recovery from your injuries, and you don’t expect to have any lingering issues, you can ask for one or two times the amount of your economic damages.
If you aren’t able to make a complete recovery in a reasonable amount of time, and you expect to face ongoing issues with your injuries, including issues with your mental health, you will be justified in asking for a larger amount of pain and suffering.
No matter what you ask for in pain and suffering damages in your injury case, you will have to convince the adjuster or judge and jury of the negative effect the injuries have had on your quality of life.
Evidence is Important For Your Claim
Before deciding what to ask for your pain and suffering damages, you need to figure out how you will convince the adjuster to accept your demand.
Your personal injury attorney will be experienced in this and will know what to do.
First, you will list the reasons why your pain and suffering demand is justified. You will use this list later in settlement negotiations.
Your argument has to be logical, based on facts, and supported by evidence to prove pain and suffering.
Medical records will be crucial in backing up your claims for pain and suffering and emotional distress.
Make sure you tell your doctors how your injuries have been affecting your daily activities.
Along with the list you’ve already made, you should include a copy of your relevant medical records.
These records can include:
Your doctor restricting you from lifting more than 10 pounds. This leaves you unable to care for your small child. You can’t sleep, but when you do, you have nightmares. Your doctor prescribes you sleeping pills. You can’t drive for two weeks, so you are forced to rely on others to take your children to school. You see a counselor to treat the depression caused by the long and painful recovery from your injuries.
Photographs of your injuries throughout your treatments will paint a clear picture of your pain and suffering.
Pictures of you in your mangled car, in a hospital bed, and during rehabilitation will be very compelling.
You also need witness statements.
In the same way you can ask someone who saw your accident to provide a witness statement, you can ask the people closest to you, like your family, friends, and neighbors, to write down what you have had to deal with since your car accident.
They may write about how they’ve helped you with:
Meals Yardwork Housework Childcare Pet care Transportation
The people you’re closest to can detail what you haven’t been able to do for yourself after your injury, but you will have to describe how it’s made you feel.
It’s a good idea to keep a journal with detailed notes about how the accident has impacted your quality of life and happiness.
Be as descriptive as you can when you explain:
Daily pain levels Needing help with personal hygiene or toileting Not being able to work, cook, or perform other typical tasks Fear of not making a complete recovery Missing important holidays or other special occasions Sadness or depression stemming from your accident and injuries
To get the settlement you deserve, you have to put your pain and suffering into words that are easy to understand and persuasive to the adjuster.
Make sure to take enough time to think about what you have lost or will lose and how you have suffered and will suffer because of the injury.
You only have one chance to win your settlement, so don’t hold anything back.
The better you can convince the adjuster of the depth of your pain and suffering, the higher your final settlement will be.
If you were severely injured and need to focus on your physical recovery, or if you just aren’t comfortable dealing with the insurance company, you should speak to a personal injury attorney about the value of your pain and suffering.
Good personal injury lawyers offer free consultations, so it won’t cost you anything to find out what a good attorney can do for you.
How Do Insurance Companies Evaluate Pain and Suffering?
Before you try to convince your insurance company of your pain and suffering damages, you should understand that insurance companies begin their analysis with a critical assumption: if you never seek medical attention, you probably weren’t hurt.
There are exceptions to every rule, sure, but if you don’t seek medical attention for injuries after your accident, you won’t be able to receive pain and suffering damages.
Injuries that result in a greater amount of medical treatment will result in more pain and suffering than injuries that need minimal medical treatment or none at all.
Your insurance company will also assume that an injury that requires a lengthy recovery time will cause more pain and suffering than injuries with a short recovery time.
These assumptions will affect how your insurance adjuster will value your injury claim.
If you choose not to receive medical attention after your accident, you probably won’t have much value attached to your injury by your insurance company.
Even if you are in pain and have suffered injuries, if you don’t seek medical attention or seek it fast enough, your insurance company could assume the injuries aren’t that bad or were caused by something other than your accident.
Your insurance companies will have to take you at your word that you are injured, and your injuries were due to the car accident.
They will need more evidence than that.
You will have a higher value placed on your injuries if you seek medical attention and there is medical corroboration of your injury.
If you’ve suffered a soft tissue injury that isn’t immediately obvious and you seek medical treatment for the injury, your doctor will listen to the description of your symptoms and conduct a physical exam.
After your exam, your doctor will note the findings from your physical examination in your medical records and that you visited their office and complained of pain or discomfort in certain areas of your body soon after your car accident.
Your insurance company will review your medical records, and when they see that you took the time to visit the doctor soon after your accident, it will add some evidence of the validity of your injury.
If you weren’t really in pain, you wouldn’t have gone to all that effort to relieve the pain.
This also applies to lost wages from work.
There’s a good chance that you only get paid if you show up to work, so if you took off work because of your car accident, it would support your claim that you have experienced pain and suffering after your accident.
Check out a related post: Who is Liable if my Car is Involved in an Accident but I was not Driving?
Speak to an Experienced Personal Injury Attorney
When you visit The Brown Firm, they will review every detail in your case to give you the best possible advice and guidance related to your case.
The Brown Firm has helped countless pain and suffering victims, and they are ready to help you with yours.
The Brown Firm Car Accident Lawyers will help you by working tirelessly on your case so you can focus on your physical recovery while they handle your pain and suffering.
Calculating pain and suffering isn’t an easy task, and you shouldn’t do it on your own.
Let The Brown Firm help you with your personal injury claim so they can maximize your pain and suffering settlement.
Give The Brown Firm a call today or click the button below for a free consultation with an experienced attorney so they can get you the compensation you deserve.
Ready to Talk to a Lawyer Who Has Your Back? Our Recent Personal Injury Articles
Jaclyn faced injuries, bills, and more after being hurt in an accident her driver caused. Learn how our persistence helped her win the money she deserved.
While most of a personal injury settlement is tax free, you may owe taxes on certain types of damages or interest. Learn more in this article.
The size of a herniated disc settlement can vary significantly based on several factors. Read to learn more about how damages are calculated.
Our car accident law firm discusses the best way to handle a car accident on private property in Georgia or South Carolina. For legal help call The Brown Firm.
Learn about special damages, punitive damages, and other money you can win in a personal injury trial—and how an attorney can help.
In the article inside, we will explain how to determine your slip and fall case's value.If you were recently injured from a fall due to hazardous conditions on someone else's...
In the article below, we will go over some of the truck accident questions our Truck Accident Lawyers are asked most often. Call for a free consultation. If you've recently...
In the article inside, we will examine what constitutes nursing home neglect and what can be done about it. Failure to meet the needs of a nursing home resident is...
Learn what personal injury is, if you might have a personal injury case, and how to get the compensation you deserve with the help of an experienced attorney.
Inside we will dive deeper into car accident claims for children and some key differences between a personal injury claim for an adult and a child.
Contact The Brown Firm Get the Answers and Compensation You Deserve
You’ll notice the difference when you contact The Brown Firm! Our local dedicated attorneys want to help you recover and rebuild. We serve all of Georgia and South Carolina from four conveniently located offices in Savannah, Atlanta, Athens, and Okatie.
Schedule your free consultation by calling (912) 324-2498 or completing our simple online form. | 13,928 | 5,462 | 34,735.850604 |
warc | 202143 | Mesalamine Drug Information
Mesalamine is used to treat mildly to moderately active ulcerative colitis and to prevent recurrence.
Common brand names:Asacol, Canasa, Pentasa, Rowasa Summary of Interactions with Vitamins, Herbs, & Foods Replenish Depleted Nutrients
none Reduce Side Effects
none Support Medicine
Psyllium
Taking 20 grams of psyllium seeds together with mesalamine for 12 months was more effective at maintaining remission of ulcerative colitis than taking either the drug or herb alone. People taking mesalamine should consult with their healthcare practitioner to determine whether they should add psyllium seeds to their treat regimen.
Reduces Effectiveness
none Potential Negative Interaction
none Explanation Required
none Top of the page
Next Section:
Last Review: 03-18-2015 Copyright © 2021 TraceGains, Inc. All rights reserved.
Please read the disclaimer about the limitations of the information provided here. Do NOT rely solely on the information in this article. The TraceGains knowledgebase does not contain every possible interaction.
The information presented by TraceGains is for informational purposes only. It is based on scientific studies (human, animal, or in vitro), clinical experience, or traditional usage as cited in each article. The results reported may not necessarily occur in all individuals. For many of the conditions discussed, treatment with prescription or over-the-counter medication is also available. Consult your doctor, practitioner, and/or pharmacist for any health problem and before using any supplements or before making any changes in prescribed medications. Information expires December 2021. | 1,674 | 920 | 3,007.741304 |
warc | 202143 | Lippstadt, 28 September 2021.
With the presentation of the complete and final results for the first quarter of the fiscal year (1 June to 31 August 2021), the internationally positioned automotive supplier HELLA confirms the preliminary key data already announced on 23 September 2021. Currency and portfolio-adjusted sales rose by 9.5 percent to € 1.5 billion in the first three months (prior year: € 1.3 billion). Reported sales growth was 9.6 percent. Adjusted earnings before interest and taxes (adjusted EBIT) increased to € 91 million (prior year: € 56 million) as a result of the improved business performance; the adjusted EBIT margin thus amounts to 6.2 percent (prior year: 4.2 percent). Reported earnings before interest and taxes (EBIT) amount to € 79 million (prior year: € -115 million), the reported EBIT margin is 5.4 percent (prior year: -8.6 percent). In the prior year, the expenses for the programme to sustainably increase competitiveness had led to a negative result.
"Given the current market conditions, the start of the new fiscal year was, as expected, very challenging. Our automotive business in particular was impacted by further increasing supply bottlenecks for certain electronic components," said HELLA CEO Dr. Rolf Breidenbach, commenting on the publication of the quarterly figures. "However, we once again outperformed the market. This speaks for our strong strategic positioning. Above all, the Aftermarket and Special Applications segments also developed very successfully."
Automotive segment significantly outperforms the market, but is massively impacted as a result of the component crisis
In the Automotive segment, first-quarter sales rose by 7.2 percent to € 1.3 billion (prior year: € 1.2 billion). The increase in sales is primarily attributable to high demand for lighting and electronic products as well as new launches, especially in the Chinese market. As a result and despite the further worsening resource bottlenecks, the segment performed significantly better than global light vehicle production, which fell by 6.0 percent in the reporting period. The segment's earnings before interest and taxes (EBIT) rose to € 61 million (prior year: € 41 million) as a result of the higher business volume; the EBIT margin was 4.9 percent (prior year: 3.5 percent).
Aftermarket with strong spare parts and workshop business
In the Aftermarket, sales increased by 24.6 percent to € 136 million (prior year: € 110 million). On the one hand, the segment benefited from the positive development of the independent aftermarket business in individual country markets such as Germany, Poland and the Americas, and on the other hand from the market launch of the new mega macs X diagnostic device. The segment's EBIT improved to € 16 million (prior year: € 11 million); the EBIT margin is thus 11.4 percent (prior year: 9.6 percent). The main reasons for the improvement in earnings were higher business volumes and savings in distribution and administrative expenses.
Special Applications grows due to good business with agricultural machinery manufacturers and further customer groups
In the Special Applications segment, sales rose by 20.2 percent to € 91 million (prior year: € 75 million). The main drivers of sales growth were the continuing positive business for manufacturers of agricultural machinery and the significant market recovery of further customer groups. At the same time, earnings before interest and taxes doubled in the first quarter to € 14 million (prior year: € 7 million); the EBIT margin thus amounts to 15.9 percent (prior year: 9.0 percent). The reasons for this are, on the one hand, a higher gross profit margin due to volume and mix effects and, on the other hand, continued consistent cost management.
Company outlook for fiscal year 2021/2022 lowered already on 23 September 2021 in view of significantly reduced market expectations
Against the backdrop of the significantly reduced market expectations, HELLA already lowered its company outlook for the current fiscal year on 23 September 2021. In this context, the Company has announced that for fiscal year 2021/2022 (1 June 2021 to 31 May 2022) it now expects currency and portfolio-adjusted sales in the range of around € 6.0 billion to € 6.5 billion (previously: around € 6.6 billion to € 6.9 billion) and an EBIT margin adjusted for structural measures and portfolio effects of around 5.0 percent to 7.0 percent (previously: approximately 8 percent).
"The industry environment deteriorated noticeably in the first quarter, in particular due to the worsening component crisis. According to the latest market forecasts, it can be assumed that in all likelihood around ten million fewer vehicles will be produced worldwide this fiscal year than was still expected in July of this year," says Dr. Rolf Breidenbach. "Even though we have taken appropriate countermeasures at an early stage and with foresight in order to stabilize our supply chains as best as possible and cushion the further increase in cost pressure, we will not be able to completely escape this general market trend. Nevertheless, we expect to continue to outperform the overall market."
Selected key financial figures in € millions or as a percentage of sales for the first three months (1 June to 31 August 2021): | 5,444 | 2,237 | 12,915.202503 |
warc | 202143 | A grand backyard stuffed with blooming flowers surrounded by a whitewashed picket fence. A farm-type wood fence with moss rising on the uneven slats. Simple planting beds with daffodils have been planted on each side of the fence. A white picket picket fence with lovely yellow flowers with massive blooms and leafy branches pouring by way of and above the fence.
Fordhook Bush #242 Lima Bean is an All-America Selections profitable bean variety. The lengthy, clean, string-less pods of this heirloom bush green bean selection are tender and at their greatest when 5-6″ lengthy. High in vitamins A, B and C. Disease resistant. Pinto Beans are an oval, medium-sized backyard bean usually used in Latin cuisines.
Sweet Spanish Utah Onion Is A Very Massive Onion Variety
Pergola Concepts
Also, lightly place soil over uncovered roots to stop cracking. The Long Imperator Carrot variety is outlined by giant, straight, smooth roots that grow to be about 8″ lengthy when absolutely mature. Scarlet Nantes carrots have a crispy, sweet flavor which makes them absolutely good for snacking. Nearly coreless, Scarlet Nantes carrots develop to be 6″ lengthy and have a great red-orange colour. These carrots do particularly well in clay soil.
Flip A Bunch Of Cement Blocks Into A Raised Backyard Mattress
“It’s an exquisite time to be a home gardener, because you’re home,” Austin noted. Linda Look, proprietor of Arkansas-based mostly seed vendor The Seed Guy, said she will barely keep up with sales demands. “Spring, in fact, is a seed company’s busiest time of year, true; but this year has been unique due to COVID-19,” she said. The 50th anniversary of Earth Day this yr coincided with the coronavirus outbreak and, relatedly, rising client demand for fruit and vegetable seeds. Big-box retailers corresponding to Lowe’s LWE, -1.05%have seen it and so have smaller seed firms. My friend passed along some vegetable seeds and my first burst of pleasure has turned into dread.
So, when you’re ready to add some type to your out of doors living areas, you simply have to check out these wonderful garden stepping stones. Grab some cement, or not – some of these don’t even use cement – and let’s get started making some amazing walkway stones to spruce up your outdoor.
Add bunching onion to salads or sandwiches for a simple enhancement or enjoy them plain. This onion selection grows large, globe-shaped bulbs of firm, white flesh and yellow skin. Valencia Onion is a great sweet Spanish onion variety to grow. Known for its zesty flavor, this silvery white onion variety is crisp, delicate, and fast growing. Our Slicer Cucumber seeds produce heavy, early crops of long slicing cucumbers which might be immune to Downey Mildew illnesses.
It is about understanding the way to manage many issues or points you may come across in your backyard. – Learn all about the way to design a backyard, the way to prepare a sensible house and what pests and ailments to watch for through this website. | 3,080 | 1,650 | 5,570.133333 |
warc | 202143 | Citation Information :Shah R, Bajaj M. Comparative Analysis of CPP–ACP, Tricalcium Phosphate, and Hydroxyapatite on Assessment of Dentinal Tubule Occlusion on Primary Enamel Using SEM: An In Vitro Study. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2019; 12 (5):371-374.
Background: Over the last few decades, fluoride in various forms has been proved to reduce caries and dentinal hypersensitivity in both the primary and permanent dentitions. Recently, newer materials containing calcium and phosphate ions, tricalcium phosphate, and hydroxyapatite has received much attention. Aim: The aim of the study was to compare CPP–ACP, tricalcium phosphate, and hydroxyapatite in relation to the assessment of dentine tubule occlusion on primary enamel using scanning electron microscope (SEM). Materials and methods: Forty freshly extracted noncarious primary molars were randomly divided into 4 groups (I–IV) with 10 sections in each group—group I: negative control, group II: CPP–ACP, group III: tricalcium phosphate, group IV: hydroxyapatite. To assess tubule occlusion, twenty dentin sections of 2-mm thickness were obtained from the cervical third of sound primary molars. Each section was processed to simulate the hypersensitive dentin and the test agents were brushed over the sections with an electric toothbrush and observed under a SEM for calculation of the percentage of occluded tubules. Results: Groups II and IV showed a greater percentage of tubule occlusion than group III. An intergroup comparison of tubule occlusion potential of groups II and IV was not significant. Conclusion: Hydroxyapatite showed significantly higher dentinal tubule occlusion when compared to CPP–ACP and tricalcium phosphate.
Parolia A, Kundabala M, et al. Management of dentinal hypersensitivity: a review. J Calif Dent Assoc 2011;39:167–179.
Addy M, Hunter ML. Can tooth brushing damage your health? Effects on oral and dental tissues. Int Dent J 2003;53(3):177–186.
Splieth CH, Tachou A. Epidemiology of dentin hypersensitivity. Clin Oral Invest 2013;17(1):S3–S8. DOI: 10.1007/s00784-012-0889-8.
Cunha-Cruz J, Wataha JC, et al. Northwest Practice-based Research Collaborative in Evidence-based dentistry. The prevalence of dentin hypersensitivity in general dental practices in the northwest United States. J Am Dent Assoc 2013;144:288–296. DOI: 10.14219/jada.archive.2013.0116.
Taji S, Seow WK. A literature review of dental erosion in children. Australian Dental Journal 2010;55:358–367. DOI: 10.1111/j.1834-7819.2010.01255.x.
Çolak H, Dülgergil CT, et al. Early childhood caries update: a review of causes, diagnoses, and treatments. J Nat Sci Biol Med 2013 Jan–Jun;4(1):29–38. DOI: 10.4103/0976-9668.107257.
Schmidlin PR, Sahrmann P. Current management of dentin hypersensitivity. Clin Oral Invest 2013;17(1):S55–S59. DOI: 10.1007/s00784-012-0912-0.
Cummins D. Recent advances in dentin hypersensitivity: clinically proven treatments for instant and lasting sensitivity relief. Am J Dent 2010;23(Spec No A):3A–13A.
Gendreau L, Barlow AP, et al. Overview of the clinical evidence for the use of NovaMin in providing relief from the pain of dentin hypersensitivity. J Clin Dent 2011;22:90–95.
Ritter AV, de La Dias W, et al. Treating cervical dentin hypersensitivity with fluoride varnish: a randomized clinical study. J Am Dent Assoc 2006;137:1013–1020. DOI: 10.14219/jada.archive.2006.0324.
Reynolds EC. Remineralization of enamel subsurface lesions by casein phosphopeptide-stabilized calcium phosphate solutions. J Dent Res 1997;76(9):1587–1595. DOI: 10.1177/00220345970760091101.
Balakrishnan A, Jonathan R, et al. Evaluation to determine the caries remineralization potential of three dentifrices: An in vitro study. J Cons Dent 2013;16(4):375–379. DOI: 10.4103/0972-0707.114347.
Benjamin S, Roshni, et al. Seal that heals. World J Dent 2012;3:243–246. DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10015-1164.
Prabhakar AR, Manojkumar AJ, et al. In vitro remineralization of enamel subsurface lesions and assessment of dentine tubule occlusion from NaF dentifrices with and without calcium. J Indian Soc Pedod Prev Dent 2013;31(1):29–35. DOI: 10.4103/0970-4388.112403.
Arrais GC, Micheloni CD, et al. Occluding effect of dentifrices on dentinal tubules. J Dent 2003;31:577–584. DOI: 10.1016/S0300-5712(03)00115-5.
Gillam DG, Mordan NJ, et al. The effects of oxalate-containing products on the exposed dentine surface: an SEM investigation. J Oral Rehabil 2001;28:1037–1044. DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2842.2001.00775.x.
Kolker JL, Vargas MA, et al. Effect of desensitizing agents on dentin permeability and dentin tubule occlusion. J Adhes Dent 2002;4: 211–221.
Yuan P, Shen X, et al. Effects of dentifrice containing hydroxyapatite on dentinal tubule occlusion and aqueous hexavalent chromium cations sorption: a preliminary study. PLoS One 2012;7(12):e45283. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0045283.
Garberoglio R, Brannstrom M. Scanning electron microscope investigation of human dentinal tubules. Arch Oral Biol 1976;21: 355–362. DOI: 10.1016/S0003-9969(76)80003-9.
Hirayama A, Yamada M, et al. Analytical electron microscopic studies on the dentinal tubules of human deciduous teeth. J Dent Res 1985;64:743.
West NX, Hughes JA, et al. The effect of pH on erosion of dentine and enamel by dietary acids in vitro. J oral Rehabil 2001;28:860–864. DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2842.2001.00778.x.
Pashley EL, Talman R, et al. Permeability of normal versus carious dentin. Endod Dent Traumatol 1991;7:207–211. DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-9657.1991.tb00437.x.
Tagami J, Hosoda H, et al. Effect of aging and caries on dentin permeability. Proc Finn Dent Soc 1992;88(Suppl. 1):149–154.
Pashley DH. Dentin-predentin complex and its permeability: physiologic overview. J Dent Res 1985;64(Special Issue):613–620. DOI: 10.1177/002203458506400419.
Kowalczyk A, Botulinski B, et al. Evaluation of the product based on RecaldentTM technology in the treatment of dentin hypersensitivity. Adv Med Sci 2006;51:40–42.
Shen P, Manton DJ, et al. Effect of added calcium phosphate on enamel remineralization by fluoride in a randomized controlled in situ trial. J Dent 2011;39:518–525. DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2011. 05.002.
Mackey AC. In Vitro Assessment of Dentin Tubule Occlusion by Hypersensitivity Dentifrices. 2009 April 1–4; available from: http://iadr.confex.com/iadr/2009miami/webprogram/Paper 120922. Html.
Kamath U, Sheth H, et al. The effect of Remin Pro on bleached enamel hardness: An in vitro study. Indian J Dent Res 2013;24(6):690–693. DOI: 10.4103/0970-9290.127612. | 6,696 | 3,224 | 13,479.230769 |
warc | 202143 | Dr. Abdullatif Al Khal, Chair of the National Health Strategic Group on COVID-19 and Head of Infectious Diseases at Hamad Medical Corporation, confirmed today that the Ministry of Public Health is in advanced negotiations with a number of international pharmaceutical companies to procure a COVID-19 vaccine as soon as it is released for global use.
“Qatar’s comprehensive strategy to protect its population from COVID-19 has been very effective and has resulted in controlling the pandemic and having one of the world’s lowest COVID-19 mortality rates. Yet, despite our success in controlling the spread of the virus, it is clear that Qatar, like other countries around the world, will be living with COVID-19 for some time to come,” said Dr. Al Khal.
“The preventive measures currently in place, such as the wearing of masks, keeping a safe distance and limitations on gatherings, are key to controlling the spread of COVID-19 coronavirus and protecting the population, but only when we have an effective vaccine will we be able to fully return towards normal life,” he added.
He further explained that the MoPH is in advanced negotiations with several leading international pharmaceutical companies working on a COVID-19 vaccine with the aim of procuring a sufficient quantity of vaccines to ensure everyone who is eligible for the vaccine in Qatar is able to receive one as soon as possible.
“I am delighted to announce that the MoPH has already signed an agreement with Pfizer and BioNTech to supply Qatar with their BNT162 mRNA-based candidate vaccine against SARS-CoV-2. The vaccine is still in the process of undergoing clinical trials and only once all necessary regulatory approvals have been given will the vaccine be distributed. Supply is planned for the end of 2020 to 2021, subject to clinical success and necessary regulatory approvals. ” added Dr. Al Khal.
“Our agreement with Pfizer and BioNTech is one of the options to help address the threat of this global pandemic in Qatar but in the interim period while no approved vaccine is available I would like to remind people of the need to follow the preventive measures and stay safe until such a vaccine is available."
“On a related note, as we approach the time of year when seasonal influenza reaches its peak, it is more important than ever this year that people receive the flu vaccine. Those population groups most vulnerable to severe symptoms from COVID-19, such as the elderly and people with chronic conditions, are also at greatest risk from the flu. In the coming days, the MoPH will be launching its flu vaccination campaign, providing free flu vaccines for all citizens and residents. Priority will be given to vulnerable people at high risk of developing flu complications such as older people and children below 5 years old as well as patients with chronic diseases at any age. I urge everyone, especially those at most risk, to take the flu vaccine this year,” said Dr. Al Khal.
There are multiple advertising possibilities with the ILQ network, drop us an e-mail at [email protected] for inquiries!
If you have anything you want to share with us, send us an e-mail at [email protected]!
Want to send a tip? Drop us an e-mail at [email protected], anonymity is guaranteed!
You have successfully registered your account!Please confirm your e-mail address by clicking on the URL sent to you.
Salam! Welcome to our brand new site! Looking good huh?
We’ve got loads of cool new features and to help make sure your account is secure, you’ll need to reset your password the first time you log in.
New to ILQ? What are you waiting for? Sign up!
How ajeeb was that!? Thanks for contributing to our community! Your post will appear after we take a quick look! | 3,816 | 1,837 | 7,756.637997 |
warc | 202143 | Bells rung on recent high-profile initial public offerings (IPOs) have turned out to be a death knoll for investors’ hopes, with companies such as
Aston Martin Lagoda (AML) and Funding Circle (FCH) seriously disappointing. Not all listings go badly, but too often it seems companies go public to create a windfall for existing stakeholders, rather than genuinely to raise money for expansion.
Overall, including successful IPOs, research by Merian Global Investors shows expected growth rates for the first two years after listing are typically around 50 per cent of those achieved in the two years pre-IPO. Such disparity raises concern investors in public markets are missing out, especially as companies in emerging industries such as fintech show a propensity to stay private for longer. | 800 | 495 | 1,278.383838 |
warc | 202143 | The sales funnel can help you understand what buyers are thinking and doing throughout every stage of their buying journey. These insights will help you make better marketing decisions, invest in the right channels and marketing activities, and turn more prospects into customers. It is important to understand your audience, sales environment, business objectives, sales funnel design and other factors so that you can design sales funnel that both maximizes your return on sales and provides the information you need to keep your customers coming back. This article will show you how to create and use a sales funnel to grow your sales.
In sales, the sales funnel is a critical component because it takes you through the stages of selling and what makes those stages distinct from one another. The sales funnel starts with lead generation and ends with sales. It then continues through all stages of selling, with customer satisfaction. These are the key building blocks of a successful sales funnel. Learn how to create them.
Lead generation is the first step in the sales funnel. This is the process by which you identify qualified prospects before they become customers or loyal buyers. Lead generation is about identifying prospect needs and opportunities. Then, you can have a conversation with them to understand their perspective and identify their urgency. You can do this by asking questions about their current problem, what they want and why, how they view the future, what makes them tick, what makes them pause, and much more. You have to gather a treasure trove of information from each prospect on every level of the sales process to ensure that they are not only potential leads but also prepared to become qualified leads or ready to buy.
After you have identified leads, the next stage in the sales funnel is to develop those leads into qualified leads. This is the process of guiding these leads through each stage of the sales funnel. This requires you to learn how to speak to each prospect in-depth. This is a very difficult skill set to acquire and must be done with care and diligence. It is not worth it to just try to sell prospects and hope for best.
Out-of-the-box sales funnel coaching is about how to develop more traditional sales skills to move from the prospect stage to the sales funnel. This stage is the most difficult in any sales funnel. It requires the greatest level of attention, detail, coaching, and coaching ability. This is also where the sales funnel really helps companies to sell to potential clients.
The sales funnel gives you the opportunity to offer personalized services to each customer in your sales pipeline. This allows you to consider each customer’s individual needs and wants during the sales process. If one sales prospect doesn’t feel that your product or service is right for them, then they won’t buy. However, if you provide a product or service that is exactly right for that potential customer, then they will be more likely to buy in the future when they’re ready to purchase.
This stage of your sales funnel will show that customers are willing and able to pay more for what your product or service has to offer. They will recognize your expertise and be willing to pay a premium for your product or service. To get past this stage, you need a strong sales funnel coaching program. You need to be able to identify every potential customer that you will deal with and work on your sales approach based upon their needs and wants.
There are many forms of sales training. There are many stages of a sales funnel. Each stage has its own purpose. A good sales funnel will help you identify your prospects and present your products and services in an effective way that closes sales. It will also help you build a long-term relationship with your prospects so that you can do business with them over again in the future. The sales funnel is a great sales tool and one that can greatly improve your sales process. | 4,006 | 1,710 | 9,316.878363 |
warc | 202143 | Abstract
High digital connectivity and a focus on reproducibility are contributing to an open science revolution in neuroscience. Repositories and platforms have emerged across the whole spectrum of subdisciplines, paving the way for a paradigm shift in the way we share, analyze, and reuse vast amounts of data collected across many laboratories. Here, we describe how open access web-based tools are changing the landscape and culture of neuroscience, highlighting six free resources that span subdisciplines from behavior to whole-brain mapping, circuits, neurons, and gene variants.
Introduction
The basic structure of biomedical research sharing has not advanced as much as expected despite radical innovations in communication, computational capacity, and statistical and machine learning methods. One of the main impediments is that datasets and metadata are still fragmented, often poorly annotated, and evaporate quickly after publication (Williams, 2009). The same criticism can be levied against most software code in biomedical research (Prins et al., 2015; Gleeson et al., 2017). In this context, open science and data-sharing platforms are emerging across neuroscience disciplines, indelibly changing our approach to collaborative research. Open science can usher in a new era of efficient data pooling, global collaboration, and maximized data reusability and impact. Some tools also provide training opportunities, consequently serving as an avenue for research to directly impact public policy and public health (Zuccala, 2010; Sukhov et al., 2016). A growing number of free resources are rapidly coming online in neuroscience. Here, we describe six (Fig. 1): MouseBytes.ca for cognitive behavioral data analyses; MouseCircuits.org for rodent circuit mapping; WholeBrainSoftware.org for neuroanatomical analyses; the Allen Mouse Brain Connectivity Atlas at brain-map.org for mesoscale connectome analyses; NeuroMorpho.Org for digital reconstructions of neurons; and GeneNetwork.org for genetic analyses. Exemplifying the global reach, NeuroMorpho.Org contains data from 193 countries.
These platforms are instrumental in addressing the current reproducibility crisis. A recent survey reported that 70% of researchers were unable to reproduce the work of another group, and over half also reported being unable to reproduce an experiment performed in their own laboratory (Baker, 2016). Open science directly impacts many of the causes for low reproducibility, including the pressure to publish high-visibility studies, which can result in rushed experiments and hyped claims that are not supported by adequate replication before publication (Baker, 2016; McKiernan et al., 2016; Cuschieri et al., 2018).
Robust experimental design is key for reproducibility (Baker, 2016), but constraints of time, cost, and capacity make it challenging to carry out optimal experiments. Data repositories and web-based reanalysis tools now provide ways to compare and reevaluate results and conditions across studies, within and across laboratories, offering the possibility of gauging robustness of claims, often without further replication. Results that are similar across laboratories and trials become iteratively or externally validated. For instance, MouseBytes.ca allows users to analyze their own new behavioral data alongside the stored data of other researchers, providing quick feedback about whether control animals are behaving within the expected variance. Repositories also promote consensus building regarding critical elements for reproducibility in future experiments and consistent reporting of key experimental details.
The pressure to publish also contributes to the well described bias in favor of positive results (de Vries et al., 2018). Open science can equalize the visibility of negative and positive results, as repositories host data—published and even unpublished—without attaching value to any particular result or the impact factor of the journal. Last, heterogeneity in reagents, types of models, environments, and analytic tools can all result in fundamental experimental differences (Loscalzo, 2012). Open source tools such as the Allen Mouse Brain Connectivity Atlas, GeneNetwork.org, and WholeBrainSoftware.org enable researchers to compare and combine data on a wide range of core methods in neuroscience within a standard or even an intentionally heterogenized framework (Voelkl et al., 2020).
Access is an additional key factor to reproducibility. In 2016, the FAIR Data Principles were outlined by stakeholders from academia and beyond, including industry, funding bodies, and publishing houses (Wilkinson et al., 2016). Four principles were outlined with the goal of improving automated metadata analyses and equitable reuse of data: Findability, Accessibility, Interoperability, and Reusability. Open science web-based tools provide FAIR-compliant and free access to all comers, independent of geographic or social boundaries. This can be a great benefit for early career scientists, for whom the demand for high productivity is often coupled with modest resources, leading to increased risk of errors and increased risk of bias toward positive results (Fanelli et al., 2017; Munafò et al., 2017; Allen and Mehler, 2019). In this way, open science can also be part of a solution toward social equity. Although reaching equity is a complex and multifaceted issue (Hoppe et al., 2019), the increased use of open science can be an equalizer of resources for disadvantaged researchers who tend to be less well funded (Ginther et al., 2011; Hoppe et al., 2019).
MouseBytes.ca: open access database of cognitive behavioral data
Compared with the rapid generation of large open access datasets in other areas of neuroscience, such as neuroimaging (Biswal et al., 2010; Poldrack and Gorgolewski, 2014) and neuroanatomy (Ascoli, 2006, 2007; Oh et al., 2014; Kuan et al., 2015), behavioral data from animal models has lagged behind. One contributing factor has been the lack of standardized experiments and data output. Thanks to a new set of automated tests based on touchscreen technology (Mar et al., 2013) and used by over 300 laboratories worldwide, there is now potential for standardized outputs in animal behavioral neuroscience that are consistent with open access sharing. Automated touchscreen-based tests, which are similar to human tests, enable systematic high-throughput cognitive assessment with standardized outputs that can facilitate data reproducibility, analysis, and dissemination.
To leverage the development of a standardized cognitive assessment toolbox, the first ever open access database for translational research (Beraldo et al., 2019) was developed by a collaborative team of neuroscientists, neuroinformaticians, and touchscreen researchers at Western University. Launched in the summer of 2018, MouseBytes.ca is a fundamental step toward increasing the availability, transparency, and reproducibility of behavioral data, which to date have been notoriously difficult to reproduce (Bale et al., 2019). MouseBytes.ca is a user-friendly repository that uses advanced web technologies to connect the user to a repository of cognitive data, allowing researchers across the globe to preprocess, run automated quality control scripts, visualize, and analyze their data alone or alongside the stored data of other researchers. Furthermore, a unique link is generated for sharing the data of individual analyses, and this link can be added to publications to connect researchers directly with the raw data in MouseBytes.ca. Conversely, the DOI of a published manuscript is linked to datasets as metadata in MouseBytes.ca to help with the finding and retrieval of original data associated with a study.
Users can set the status of their data and experiments to either private or public in MouseBytes.ca. Data with public status can be shared under CC0 license, allowing neuroscientists to reuse, reanalyze, and share the data without any restriction, thus increasing reproducibility and facilitating new collaborative efforts that require big datasets. On the other hand, the accessibility and use of private data are limited to the owner of the data and those designated to have access by the owner. This protects the unpublished data of the researcher from being used without proper approvals while still allowing the use of the analytic resources within MouseBytes.ca.
Currently, MouseBytes.ca hosts 28 private and 8 public datasets and has been visited ∼1500 times. In the future, the team plans to build on the base software to incorporate neuroimaging data and recordings of neuronal activity in behaving mice; include cognitive analysis from other species, with a focus in deidentified human datasets; and develop novel algorithms that integrate different imaging and recording datasets. The goal of this relatively novel resource is to provide comprehensive multimodal analysis to accelerate discovery across disease contexts. The integration and use of MouseBytes.ca could revolutionize research in mouse cognitive neuroscience and lead to an iterative development of reliable and reproducible rodent behavioral data, especially with respect to control animal datasets, as similar results from across laboratories accumulate.
MouseCircuits.org: consolidated functional circuit-mapping data
Groundbreaking technological advances have allowed neuroscientists to control neural firing with impressive precision and specificity during behavior in rodents, allowing mechanistic dissection of various affective states (Deisseroth, 2011; Tye and Deisseroth, 2012; Roth, 2016; Whissell et al., 2016; DeNardo and Luo, 2017). While rapid progress followed the advent of these technologies, much of the amassed data exists in scientific silos, complicating efforts to compare across studies, laboratories, tools, and other key experimental details. MouseCircuits.org was established as an online platform to consolidate and integrate rapidly growing neurocircuit data for anxiety-, fear-, and depressive-like behavior through experimental summaries, landscape overviews, and a whole-brain perspective (Anderson and Dumitriu, 2020). Users can input their data with graphical displays updating in real time to provide the most up to date resource for the era of circuit mapping (Fig. 2).
MouseCircuits.org provides a searchable brain-wide network that summarizes all the studies present in the platform. Users can search by affective domain, behavioral paradigm, experimental tool used, and more, depending on the unique question asked. This allows users to quickly view the rodent affective connectome dissected to date and to gauge the feasibility and novelty of planned experiments, which could potentially spark novel ideas that might not emerge from reading through hundreds of siloed articles. This type of bird's eye view also allows critical evaluation of the progress amassed to date. For example, the MouseCircuits.org dataset can be held up as a ruler to measure the relevance of rodent circuit dissection to human affective disorders. Are brain regions manipulated in rodent studies generally those implicated in human studies? If so, this resource can keep the translational field on-track to continued progress. If not, this bird's eye view could motivate the investigation of novel circuits.
A brain-wide view of the affective connectome also highlights pathways that replicate across studies and species, an integral component of the recently introduced Research Domain Criteria (RDoC) framework (Insel et al., 2010; Cuthbert, 2014, 2015; Meyers et al., 2017). RDoC posits that behavioral outputs, such as “fear” and “anxiety,” share genetic, environmental, developmental, and neurocircuit etiology across both diseases and species. The availability of a centralized database for circuit maps will therefore help with both consensus building on the precise relationship between individual circuits and behavioral outputs, as well as early identification of incongruencies, which may help to determine the origins of experimental variance, the contribution of various states to behavioral output, and how the precise activity of specific individual neurons alter behavior.
MouseCircuits.org also offers summary tables that provide many of the key details of experimental designs. Tables are searchable, enabling quick identification of relevant literature for a planned experiment. Such tables might increase transparency and standardization of reported methods, ultimately improving reproducibility. Separate tabs for regional and pathway-specific manipulations contain graphical representation of current trends in the field. This includes information on the most studied brain regions, the types of manipulations and behaviors used, manipulated cell types, and the sexes of rodents studied. This can highlight both the immense progress amassed and the remaining knowledge gaps. For example, the current landscape highlights the need for increased use of female rodents, replication studies both within and across laboratories, enhanced heterogeneity of neuronal populations studied (the majority of studies to date target excitatory neurons), and experiments targeting the interactions between different cell types within a region or pathway. Overall, this integrative view of circuit mapping can lead to novel theories on individual neurocircuit function and whole-brain network organization, and the generation of hypotheses for how manipulations of specific circuits might affect upstream and downstream circuits.
Future collaborations will expand MouseCircuits.org beyond affective-like behaviors, such as those employed in cognitive or addiction studies. It is envisioned that MouseCircuits.org can support the shared vision of circuit dissection that ultimately leads to the prevention and treatment of human disorders. Wide adoption of this resource will connect rodent data, in which perturbation is possible, to human data, the motivation for all rodent stress work.
WholeBrainSoftware.org: from single molecules to mesoscale structures
Rapid development is pushing the technical limitations of current circuit and genetic lineage tracing techniques (Kalhor et al., 2018; Kornfeld and Denk, 2018; Huang et al., 2020), but neuroscientists are still largely limited in their ability to probe mesoscale brain function. For example, there is to date no single method that can deliver the complete input/output map of a circuit, including its synaptic weights and identities. Until molecular techniques have caught up to the theoretical questions neuroscientists wish to answer, the natural question from a data science perspective is: what does an ideal dataset look like and what is its data structure? At a minimum, an ideal dataset would contain connections among neurons, connection strength and type, information on cell type, the developmental lineage history, functional measurements over time, and molecular changes over time (Church et al., 2015). It is with these kinds of data structures, and with agnosticism for techniques used to generate the data, that WholeBrainSoftware.org was developed (Fürth et al., 2018). This agnosticism made it fairly straightforward to adapt WholeBrainSoftware.org to handle the data from new sequencing technologies, enabling researchers to label long-range projections from thousands of cells at single-neuron resolution in the brain from a single animal (Huang et al., 2020).
WholeBrainSoftware.org is a C/C++ image-processing code base with an interface to the statistical language R, as well as JavaScript. The software has an active and growing userbase scattered across the globe (Fig. 3
A). The data structures of WholeBrainSoftware.org are similar to how spatial data on maps are handled by Geographical Information Systems (GIS). A neuroanatomical information system that is built around plastic vector graphics rather than static voxel- or pixel-based atlases enables rapid updating of anatomic entities, and their relations and attributes, while keeping a record of those changes. This is important because the exact definition of brain regions is based on consensus within the scientific community and can therefore change over time. Currently, the Allen CCFv3 (Wang et al., 2020) is the default atlas used by the majority of users (see below). Atlases for multiple model organisms can easily be managed at any resolution, from the mesoscale to the single-molecule subcellular level (Fig. 3 B).
Current and future developments for WholeBrainSoftware.org include enabling the description of neuroanatomical hierarchies and architectures in compact models, akin to the neural network architectures used in libraries such as Pytorch or Tensorflow. To enhance usability given that most neuroscientists do not have significant programming skills, developments in WebAssembly and WebGL will be key. This will allow users to generate self-contained code from any language with the only requirement being a web browser.
Allen Mouse Brain Connectivity Atlas
The Allen Mouse Brain Connectivity Atlas project is an open access large-scale brain-mapping effort. The ultimate goal of this project was to provide a comprehensive, quantitative, directional description of brain-wide anatomic wiring patterns at the level of cell classes (i.e., a mesoscale connectome; Bohland et al., 2009). The Atlas is a three-dimensional, high-resolution map of axonal projections across the mouse brain, built using genetic tools, including an array of transgenic mice. To achieve this, a protocol was established for systematic, standardized viral tracer injections, serial two-photon tomography imaging and an informatics pipeline to generate a large database of mouse neural projections from ∼300 distinct brain regions (Oh et al., 2014; Kuan et al., 2015). Today, the Allen Mouse Connectivity Atlas resource consists of data from ∼3000 viral-mediated anterograde tracer experiments distributed across the whole brain (Oh et al., 2014; Harris et al., 2019; Whitesell et al., 2020) and retina (Martersteck et al., 2017). All data can be accessed through the Allen Institute online data portal (https://connectivity.brain-map.org/).
Since the first publication in 2014, this comprehensive resource has enabled a wide range of scientific analyses aimed at discovering organizational principles of mammalian brain networks (Fulcher et al., 2019; Van Essen et al., 2019), describing anatomic features of specific pathways of interest (Quina et al., 2015), understanding the network architecture of cortical connectomes (Gămănuţ et al., 2018; Harris et al., 2019), and providing quantitative data used to construct and computationally model structural and functional connectivity (Melozzi et al., 2017, 2019; Choi and Mihalas, 2019; Reimann et al., 2019). The Allen Connectivity Atlas is recognized as a foundational, “ground-truth” axonal tracing dataset that is useful for comparing results from novel circuit-tracing tools (Huang et al., 2020) and morphologic reconstructions of single long-range projection neurons (Winnubst et al., 2019; Peng et al., 2020).
This broad range of uses was supported in large part by having accessible data in multiple formats and providing other important informatics tools. The online atlas currently consists of high-resolution, whole-brain 2D image data for each experiment, 3D visualization tools, image segmentation, and automated quantification of axons across all brain regions. Multiple other web tools are available, including spatial/ontological searches of connectivity patterns through a combination of manual and informatics analyses. Data can be accessed as well through the Allen Software Development Toolkit (https://allensdk.readthedocs.io/en/latest/).
Notably, the scientific requirements for the Allen Mouse Brain Connectivity Atlas also directly led to the development of two other dependent resources: (1) anatomic characterization of a large set of transgenic Cre driver lines (Harris et al., 2014; Daigle et al., 2018); and (2) the creation of a new 3D reference atlas, the Allen Mouse Common Coordinate Framework, version 3 (CCFv3; Wang et al., 2020). Most axonal projection-mapping datasets in the Allen Connectivity Atlas were acquired using transgenic Cre driver mice with Cre-dependent adeno-associated virus-mediated GFP expression to selectively label axons from restricted anatomic regions and genetically defined classes of projection neurons in the cortex (Harris et al., 2019). The transgenic characterization portal (http://connectivity.brain-map.org/transgenic) thus contains datasets that map the expression of Cre and other transgenes in ∼100 driver and reporter lines in adults and at several developmental time points using
in situ hybridization and other histologic methods. This resource was developed to identify useful Cre lines and appropriate locations for targeting the viral tracer experiments.
To provide a suitable high-resolution 3D anatomic framework for the Allen Mouse Brain Connectivity Atlas, the Allen CCFv3 was created (http://atlas.brain-map.org/). CCFv3 is an annotated 3D reference space with 10 µm voxel resolution. First, an average template brain was constructed from whole-brain images of 1675 mice that were part of the Allen Mouse Brain Connectivity Atlas pipeline. Then, using multimodal reference data (e.g., histologic stains, immunohistochemistry, transgene expression, connectivity patterns, and endogenous gene expression), the entire brain was parcellated directly in 3D, labeling every voxel with a brain structure, resulting in 43 isocortical areas and their layers, 329 subcortical gray matter structures, 81 fiber tracts, and 8 ventricular structures.
The Allen Mouse Brain Connectivity Atlas continues to provide a rich resource of data for exploration and analyses at the Allen Institute and for external users. Recently, the Allen Institute team reported results from ∼1000 tracer experiments performed in Cre driver lines to selectively label axons from distinct cell types across the cortex and its major satellite structure, the thalamus (Harris et al., 2019). A computational model was developed that assigned connections between areas as either feedforward or feedback based on anatomic patterns. Results revealed that cell class-specific connections are organized in a shallow hierarchy within the cortical thalamic network. The Allen Mouse Brain Connectivity Atlas, CCFv3, and many associated tools continue to be openly accessible through the main web portal: www.brain-map.org.
NeuroMorpho.Org: a well used resource of single-neuron neuroanatomy
Launched 14 years ago (Ascoli, 2006, 2007), NeuroMorpho.Org is, to date, the largest public database of digital reconstructions of neuronal axons and dendrites and glial processes. The latest major release (version 8.0, summer 2020) includes >130,000 freely available 3D arbor tracings and related metadata. The content is broadly representative of research in the field, including data from 77 species ranging from commonly used animal models such as rat, mouse, and
Drosophila, to more exotic species such as giraffe, mormyrid fish, and moss animal (Fig. 4). Users can browse through and access 1252 distinct cell types from 384 anatomic regions contributed from ∼700 independent laboratories. The carefully designed, continuously curated, and searchable metadata contains rich information across multiple dimensions (Parekh et al., 2015), including the subject (e.g., species, strain, age, weight, and sex), specimen (anatomic region and cell type and characteristics), method (experimental condition, preparation protocol, labeling, slicing, imaging, and reconstruction process), tracing completeness (physical integrity of the trees, structural domains included or excluded, and morphologic attributes recorded such as branch diameter), and provenance (contributing laboratory, reference publication, and original data format). Moreover, every reconstruction is accompanied by a battery of morphometric features that can also be used to identify data of interest (Scorcioni et al., 2008). Neuroscientists can search and download data through an intuitive web interface via simple keywords, semantic queries, metadata dropdown menus, morphometric filters, and an increasingly popular application programming interface (API; Polavaram and Ascoli, 2017; Akram et al., 2018). Additionally, the repository is integrated and interoperable with other major resources such as PubMed (Marenco et al., 2008) and the Neuroscience Information Network (Halavi et al., 2008).
With >13 million downloads and 2000 peer-reviewed publications describing or using data, NeuroMorpho.Org contributes to all three main functions of academia, namely education, research, and knowledge transfer (Parekh and Ascoli, 2015). For teaching purposes, NeuroMorpho.Org is frequently used in higher education, including courses at both undergraduate and graduate level, especially for neurobiology topics (Chu et al., 2015), but also for data mining and statistical techniques (Maiorana, 2014). The discoveries enabled by NeuroMorpho.Org are numerous and span several fields. Computational physics applications leveraged reconstructions from this database to assess the interaction between neural geometry and different types of electromagnetic radiation, for example analyzing how dendrites affect a diffusion magnetic resonance imaging signal in brain tissue (Van Nguyen et al., 2015) or the possible damage of high-energy irradiation on neurons (Alp et al., 2015). The repository offers ample opportunities for comparative morphometric analyses (Zawadzki et al., 2012; Hansen et al., 2013) and for developing or testing novel algorithms or tools (Li et al., 2018; O'Halloran, 2020). More generally, fostering dissemination of societal knowledge, NeuroMorpho.Org serves as the reference repository for sharing published data among scholars (Kubota et al., 2011) and for presenting neuromorphology to the lay audience through the inspiration of painters (Neuromission: https://www.instagram.com/neuromission), large-scale art installations (“Neurons/Neurónios” at Galeria Nuno Centeno: https://www.facebook.com/galerianunocenteno/videos/453103735266229/), and 3D printing (McDougal and Shepherd, 2015).
Presently, NeuroMorpho.Org is growing at a pace of >20,000 reconstructions per year, with a substantial rate increase since 2016 (Ascoli, 2019). This acceleration results from a combination of factors, including but not limited to community production of ever larger datasets thanks to continuous neurotechnology developments along with faster and more affordable computing (Nanda et al., 2015), transparent disclosures of data availability (Ascoli, 2015), rising interest in and openness toward data sharing in neuroscience (Ascoli, 2007; Ascoli et al., 2017), and the progressive automation of literature searches (Maraver et al., 2019) and metadata retrieval from scientific publications (Bijari et al., 2020).
Perhaps equally important is the global outreach of this operation. Both contributions to, and use of, NeuroMorpho.Org span a worldwide coverage of 193 countries on 6 continents (Fig. 4). The web accesses, programmatic queries, and data transfers have been consistently increasing supralinearly. Although these successes are encouraging, they also come with serious challenges. Most notably, the centralized organization and standardization of all submitted data require a substantial manual component that is exceedingly time consuming, error prone, and labor intensive. Furthermore, the ability of computers to autonomously access online resources is gradually increasing server load with enhanced risk of down time. Eventually, the sheer amount of data may reach a capacity ceiling in generating processed resources such as visualizations, dynamic queries, and real-time computation.
Accordingly, NeuroMorpho.Org is undergoing extensive development of its back-end data processing and publishing workflow. A core element of this transformation consists of a largely automated data ingestion pipeline, namely organization and retrieval of data from prepared internal repositories. This innovation is enabled by a switch from a servlet-based monolithic platform to a microservice mesh-based architecture (Fig. 4). Although the former information technology design has served the community effectively for over a decade, it is suited neither to the pervasive computer-to-computer interaction from the end-user perspective nor to the rapid data publication that is highly desirable by contributors and curators alike. In contrast, the modern microservice architecture, deployed in Docker containers (Merkel, 2014), allows for almost completely automated data organization and quality control, which remains to this date one of the most significant efforts in the project. Moreover, this solution is fully scalable (Bernstein, 2014), thereby catering to a new era of robust and distributed neuroscience data sharing with ever expanding prospects for future breakthroughs.
GeneNetwork.org: genetic analysis for all neuroscientists
Originally named webqtl, GeneNetwork.org is the oldest continuously operating website in biomedical research (Williams, 1994). This massive database contains ∼40 million datasets. GeneNetwork.org also offers a powerful statistical platform for online network analyses and mapping, enabling numerous molecular questions to be probed in one centralized location (Chesler et al., 2003, 2005; Li et al., 2010; Mulligan et al., 2012, 2017, 2019). Most data are from groups of animals or humans who have been fully genotyped or even sequenced. As a result, it can be used to model causal networks that link DNA differences to traits such as differences in expression, cell number, volumes, and behavior using real-time computation and graphing. Computations can be as simple as sets of correlations and principal components, or as complex as whole transcriptome maps computed with correction for kinship and cofactors.
For example, Li et al. (2010) used GeneNetwork.org to identify key sequence variants of catechol-
O-methyltransferase (COMT), an enzyme involved in dopamine and norepinephrine degradation, that mediate synaptic function and behavior in mice. The included expression datasets spanned many brain regions, peripheral tissues, and mouse strains and showed that different COMT variants lead to varying expression levels of synaptic proteins, ultimately contributing to changes in behavior (Li et al., 2010). Other examples include the relationship between GABA A receptor subunit sequence variants in striatum and hippocampus and behavioral phenotypes (Mulligan et al., 2012; 2019); the genetic causes of differences in serotonin transporter expression levels in the midbrain and accompanying differences in neuropharmacological responses (Ye et al., 2014); the genetic causes of differences in neurogenesis in hippocampus and of neuron/glia ratios in various brain regions (Seecharan et al., 2003; Kempermann et al., 2006; Overall et al., 2009).
GeneNetwork.org uses open source code, and all datasets hosted on the website are FAIR-compliant (Sloan et al., 2016; Wilkinson et al., 2016). Figure 5 illustrates an example workflow in GeneNetwork.org. The goal of this query was to find loci and candidate genes that modulate striatal volume. The search revealed three regions that have strong control, particularly the Qrr1 region of Chromosome 1 (Fig. 5
C; Mozhui et al., 2008; Hager et al., 2012). To further investigate whether volume covaries with neuron numbers in the 68 strains identified, a “get” command can be used to evaluate the relationship between brain volume and neuron number (Fig. 5 D). This type of information is important, for example, when extrapolating from MRI volume differences in humans to potential variations in cell number (Hibar et al., 2015).
One exciting area of research enabled by GeneNetwork.org is the reanalysis of phenotypes generated before 2010, which would greatly benefit from recent computational methods and datasets. For example, given the intense current interest in opiate addiction, it is important to remap decade-old data using new linear mixed-model mapping algorithms available in GeneNetwork.org. There is a great amount of amassed data on opiate-induced changes in locomotion, and hundreds of other drug-related traits (Philip et al., 2010) for >60 strains of recombinant inbred mice that have all been fully genotyped. This analysis can identify the gene variants that influence responses to these drugs-of-abuse.
GeneNetwork.org is also a valuable teaching tool. While mainly designed for researchers interested in testing gene-to-phenotype relationships, GeneNetwork.org has been adapted for dry-lab teaching in neuroscience and genetics (Grisham et al., 2017). A useful approach is to assign sets of vetted questions, such as the examples discussed above, and to help students work toward answers, solutions, or novel questions. Several examples relating to the analysis of behavior and for neurologic diseases are provided in the study by Mulligan et al. (2017).
GeneNetwork.org is committed to data and code workflows that are FAIR compliant, ensuring that those who generate data and key ideas get the deserved credit. To further ensure effective and secure dissemination of data and ideas, as well as improved reproducibility, the GeneNetwork.org infrastructure is currently being redesigned using more modular structures and APIs that communicate well with other open source software efforts, such as R/qtl2 and DataTables. Publications will soon be reproducible as R/shiny and Jupyter notebooks. Readers and data reusers will be able to extend analyses and test their own hypotheses, but with access to big data and powerful computational hardware. Scientists will share and publish work directly from live laboratory notebooks—a trend already taking roots in industry. Additional planned new features include better methods to package software and data so that the user can come back at any point in time and rerun the same code in virtual machines, the development of GNU Guix software packaging manager, and storing packages and data using the InterPlanetary File System (IPFS).
Conclusions
The tools highlighted here demonstrate the growing movement toward open science within the neuroscience community. Numerous other web-based tools and resources are rapidly coming online, with noteworthy examples including the Janelia MouseLight Project—which contains brain-wide reconstructions of molecularly characterized neurons in the mouse (Winnubst et al., 2019)—RePAIR—a novel statistical tool for power calculations in animal experimentation that takes into account previous datasets to decrease sample sizes (Bonapersona et al., 2019)—and DeepLabCut—a free open source software for animal behavioral quantification that eliminates the need for expensive commercial alternatives (Mathis et al., 2018; Nath et al., 2019). These tools are built by researchers for researchers, to facilitate access to relevant data and analysis, increase reproducibility, promote standardization of experimental design, provide avenues for innovative secondary analyses, and encourage data sharing and collaborations. The success of open source science relies on the buy-in of the scientific community. The use and maintenance of these resources requires a cultural shift that prioritizes open science and makes it a part of the standard operating procedure of every laboratory.
Stark contrast continues to exist between the substantial basic science understanding of how the building blocks of the brain—from genes to neurons to circuits—impact behavior, and the translation of this knowledge into clinical practice and technological progress. Open data and data sharing have the power to maximize scientific output, accelerate progress, enhance the equitable distribution of resources, create new avenues for innovative research, and enhance reproducibility. Ultimately, this cultural shift could lead to novel actionable clinical and technological advances that provide the scaffolding for a translational bridge.
Footnotes
MouseBytes.ca is supported in part by a Canadian Open Neuroscience Platform grant to S.M. MouseCircuits.org is supported in part by National Institutes of Health (NIH) Grants R01-MH-111918 to D.D. and T32-MH-015174 to K.R.A. The Allen Mouse Brain Connectivity was supported by the Allen Institute for Brain Science (J.A.H. and L.N.). NeuroMorpho.Org is supported in part by NIH Grants R01-NS-39600, U01-MH-114829, and R01-NS-86082 to G.A.A. GeneNetwork.org is supported in part by NIH Grant P30-DA-044223 to R.W.W. J.A.H and L.N. thank the Allen Institute for Brain Science founder, Paul G. Allen (1953–2018), for his vision, encouragement, and support.
The authors declare no competing financial interests.
Correspondence should be addressed to Dani Dumitriu at . | 37,268 | 14,665 | 94,121.712649 |
warc | 202143 | Pick-up location Zagreb Hire locations 113 Airport locations 55
Collision damage waiver and theft protection are insurance options that cover renters from paying high penalty fees if the car is stolen or returned damaged. Some Zagreb car providers already include Collision Damage Waiver (CDW) and Theft Protection Waiver into the rental price but not all of them. We recommend always be aware of your coverage when renting a car in in Zagreb.
Keep in mind that car hire excess insurances often have a deductible clause, which is the amount you’ll have to pay if something happens during the time of your rental. If you want to avoid unwanted surprises, you should consider adding a no-deductible option to your Zagreb car rental.
Some car hire companies in Zagreb which have updated their car rental health and safety policies due to COVID-19 to make sure vehicles are clean and disinfected include Alamo, Hertz and Enterprise
On average a hire car in Zagreb costs $49 per day.
Based on ratings and reviews from real users on KAYAK, the best car hire company in Zagreb is Sixt (7.3, 71 reviews).
The average price of fuel in Zagreb is $8.38 per litre over the past 30 days. Filling up a tank of fuel costs between $100 and $134, depending on the car size.
Compact (Ford Focus or similar) is the most frequently booked car hire type in Zagreb.
Car hire companies that offer shuttle or pick-up services from Franjo Tuđman airport to off-airport locations include Sixt, GREEN MOTION, CarWiz, ADDCAR RENTAL, ACTIVE RENT A CAR, Goldcar Rental SP, Alamo, Hertz, Avantcar and NU Car.
Take a look at our extensive car hire location map to find the best car hire deals near you.
A Compact car hire in Zagreb costs $37 per day, on average.
A Intermediate car hire in Zagreb costs $22 per day, on average.
A Economy car hire in Zagreb costs $37 per day, on average.
In Zagreb, cars are most frequently hired at GREEN MOTION Zagreb International Airport Ground Floor N°b5 (11 km from city centre ).
On average hiring a car in Zagreb costs $345 per week ($49 per day).
On average a car hire in Zagreb costs $1,479 per month ($49 per day).
Zagreb’s well-maintained roads make it suitable for all sizes of vehicles. However, the most popular cars are smaller SUVs, compact hatchbacks, and sedans. So, if you would like to fit in with the crowd, then those are all good choices. Also, another point to consider is that larger vehicles may have trouble finding streetside parking spaces large enough for them in the central business district.
Drivers in Zagreb can expect to see speed limits of 50 km/h (31 mph) in residential areas, 90 km/h (56 mph) on rural roads and motorways, 110 km/h (68 mph) on expressways, and 130 km/h (81 mph) on freeways.
Petrol prices in Zagreb are moderately high compared to U.S. prices, but for Europe they are fairly average. On average drivers can expect to pay 10 HRK ($1.53) per liter of gas, which comes out to about 37.85 HRK ($5.77) per gallon.
Private parking garages and lots dot the downtown area of Zagreb, so parking shouldn’t be too much of a hassle for most destinations. However, if you are looking for streetside parking, then you may have to park an extra block or two away during peak business hours as parking spaces fill up fast and are limited. Drivers should also note that streetside parking is designated with white paint, while the yellow painted areas are strictly forbidden to park in. | 3,474 | 1,727 | 6,895.6989 |
warc | 202143 | Caring for God’s Creation
After weeks of ‘extreme extremes’, in which record breaking heat waves and floods in many countries have been splashed across our TV screens, with the horrible suffering they bring in their wake, there never has been such an urgent time to focus our attention on climate change.
The UN’s latest report on the science of climate change is unsparing in its conclusion that human activities have ‘unequivocally’ caused global heating, and that this must be curbed, for the sake of all humanity and indeed the whole of Nature – which we believe is God’s Creation. | 629 | 386 | 953.277202 |
warc | 202143 | Escalante, Y., J. M. Saavedra, A. GarcÃa-Hermoso, and A. M. DomÃnguez. 2012. Enchancment of the lipid profile with train in obese children: A systematic assessment. Preventive Medication fifty 4(5):293-301. Many mother and father send their youngsters to Canada for a look at overseas expertise. You are able to do this too. Students dwell with Canadian households, be taught regarding the tradition, achieve reminiscences to remaining a lifetime and earn an excellent education at the similar time.
European Journal of Physical Education and Sport Science is a world peer reviewed publication aimed to analyze the quite a few educational features concerning physical exercise and associated area of research. 4 studying, data, enlightenment. Education, tradition are generally used interchangeably to mean the outcomes of schooling. Education, however, suggests chiefly the information acquired. Custom is a mode of thought and feeling impressed by education. It suggests an aspiration in the direction of, and an appreciation of high psychological and esthetic ideals: The extent of custom in a rustic relies upon upon the education of its individuals.
The main duties and capabilities of the Faculty of Science Education are to offer teachers and teaching personnel throughout the fields of Philosophy and Sociology Education, Curriculum and Educational Expertise, Education Administration, Psychology Education and Counseling, Non-formal Education, Particular Need Education, Major School Trainer Education, Early Childhood Trainer Education, and Psychology.
Pediatric Practice Science 19(three):349-359.
Clearly, mainstream schools should not for everybody and excessive-quality alternative settings are required for kids who don’t thrive in them. Nonetheless strikes to divide children based on their wants additional often fairly than less must be vigorously opposed. Inclusive education just isn’t a liberal piety. Accurately resourced, it benefits not solely the youngsters being included, nevertheless everybody else. That there is an unignorable socioeconomic dimension, with pupils with SEN greater than twice as susceptible to be eligible with out value school meals than these without, solely serves to bolster how undesirable segregation is.
Deafness means a toddler’s listening to impairment is so extreme that it impacts the processing of linguistic info with or with out amplification and adversely impacts a toddler’s educational effectivity. Listening to impairment refers to an impairment (fluctuating or permanent) that adversely affects a child’s educational effectivity.
The in Physical Education is among the many most popular undergraduate programmes within the University of Limerick. The programme is designed to qualify graduates as teachers of Physical Education along with a second matter in Irish Put up-Major Schools. Graduates of the programme are certified to point out Bodily Education and their second subject to Leaving Certificates degree. The current second topics on present embrace English, Gaeilge, Geography and Arithmetic. | 3,110 | 1,588 | 6,006.530227 |
warc | 202143 | The National Park Foundation’s (NPF) support of waste reduction projects in parks, from recycling efforts to improving water use efficiency, help parks improve sustainability and limit waste generation to continue preserving these treasured landscapes and places. The National Park Service manages nearly 70 million pounds of waste annually – enough to fill nearly 600 dump trucks. From plastic to food waste to discarded clothing, the waste brought into our national parks can pollute our nation’s most pristine wilderness and wildlife.
For decades, NPF's support of waste reduction in parks has helped parks in developing and maintaining more environmentally friendly ways to dispose of waste, as well as providing the necessary education and outreach to visitors to ensure they do their part in making our parks greener.
Highlights & Projects Don't Feed the Landfills
A multi-year waste reduction initiative funded by NPF and its partners, including Subaru of America, Inc., at three national parks – Yosemite, Grand Teton, and Denali – led to new recycling and composting infrastructure, dedicated staff for educational outreach, and marketing and labeling efforts to decrease contamination in recycling bins. Since its 2015 launch, there has been a 32% reduction in waste sent to landfills, keeping 16 million pounds of waste out of landfills while increasing recycling best practices among visitors.
Recycling in America's Front Yard
Since 2009, NPF and our partner Coca-Cola have supported recycling efforts at the National Mall and Memorial Parks. From the placement of recycling bins throughout the Mall and education programs on the importance of recycling, to a waste stream analysis that kicked off in 2019, NPF has worked with NPS and partners to improve recycling across the Mall.
Water Bottle Refilling Stations
NPS manages nearly 70 million pounds of waste across the country annually. As part of our waste reduction strategy, NPF has focused on increased access to water bottle refilling stations. In 2021, NPF is funding the installation of water bottle refill stations in parks across the country to support the joint NPF and NPS goal of waste reduction, specifically around plastics. | 2,237 | 1,100 | 4,480.100909 |
warc | 202143 | Delhi’s air quality deteriorates due to stubble burning (File Photo)
According to the data of the Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB), Delhi’s air quality has deteriorated in the last one week. Meanwhile, stubble burning has started in some parts of Punjab and Haryana. NASA has mapped these fire events. However, data from the Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) shows that the number of fires in Punjab and Haryana is less this year as compared to the same period of the last five years. These indicate a delay in the stubble burning season.
The Air Quality Index (AQI), calculated using data from 37 monitoring stations of CPCB in Delhi, stood at 179 on October 12, which is in the medium category. The AQI of the medium range is between 101 and 200. Pollution levels can cause breathing difficulties for people with lung and heart diseases. Pawan Gupta, senior earth science scientist at the University Space Research Association, NASA Marshall Space Flight Center, said the initial fires usually start near Amritsar district in early September. Its date varies from year to year and depends on many factors including the season.
When did the incidents come to the fore?
As per VIIRS data on October 11 this year, the total number of fires in Haryana was 442. This figure was 750 in 2020, 723 in 2019, 619 in 2018, 988 in 2017 and 1,095 in 2016. On the other hand, the number of fire incidents in Punjab on October 11 this year was 918, while in 2020 it was 2996, in the year 2019, 869, in the year 2018 was 529 and in the year 2017 it was 1392. The data shows that the AQI has crossed 125 since October 7 and is increasing continuously. The last day when Delhi saw air quality in the ‘satisfactory’ category was October 4. The AQI on October 4 was the exact opposite of the last ten days of September. From September 20 to September 26, the AQI was in the satisfactory category and was recorded below 100.
What was seen in NASA’s pictures
NASA’s Fire Information for Resource Management System (FIRMS) shows a cluster of red dots in the northern part of Punjab and the northwestern part of Haryana (around Kurukshetra and Karnal). It shows the locations of the fires mapped by the Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS). Gupta said that the data for the last few years indicates that Sangrur, Bathinda, Ferozepur, Patiala and Moga have reported the maximum number of fires in Punjab, while Fatehabad, Kaithal, Karnal, Jind and Ambala in Haryana have reported the maximum number of fires. .
When did the number of dots appear less this year?
Compared to the Fire Dots mapped on 1 October, there is an increase in the number of dots on 12 October. As the map shows, more intense red clusters are present in parts of Punjab and Haryana on Tuesday. On 28 September, the number of red dots was even less, with only one cluster in the northern part of Punjab and a few scattered points in Punjab and Haryana.
Also read- NCR Draft Regional Plan 2041: NCR area to be reduced, bullet train-heli taxi and waterway; Know how the future of Delhi-NCR will be
Also read- Corona is losing! 15 thousand 823 new cases were reported in the last 24 hours, know what was the recovery rate, how many patients lost their lives
. | 3,282 | 1,586 | 6,702.64691 |
warc | 202143 | power crisis. (signal picture)
Due to the shortage of coal which is called Black Diamond, clouds of crisis are hovering over the whole country at this time. It is believed that the power crisis has started due to the shortage of coal, which will become more serious in the coming times. Today we have done a great investigation on this subject from all over the country. Today we will explain this whole concern of your Diwali being black. First of all worry about the power crisis looming over the country, whose sound is getting louder. The fear of black out is increasing and the question is arising whether this time the country will not be immersed in darkness on Diwali, the festival of lights.
We are warning you of the crisis that is standing at our doorstep and at your doorstep. Why are we saying this? What is the reason behind this. This question must be in your mind, then know that the reason behind this crisis is the shortage of coal called black diamond, due to which the production of electricity is decreasing.
Union Home Minister Amit Shah held a meeting with Energy Minister RK Singh on this issue today. Coal Minister Prahlad Joshi was also in the meeting with the Energy Minister. Officials of NTPC, Power and Coal Ministries also attended the meeting, in which discussions were held to deal with the current situation of coal and power crisis. However, the central government is repeatedly saying that the country has enough coal reserves to meet the demand for power plants. According to the set standards, thermal power plants keep coal stock for at least 20 days, but at present, there is no coal in many thermal power plants of the country and where it is, there is also a maximum of 8 days. That’s why there is talk of the threat of black out looming.
Power crisis in India!
Will there be a shortage of electricity for the next 6 months, will this Diwali be black due to ‘black out’, the energy crisis is heavy, what was not prepared earlier, these questions and apprehensions are because it is possible that in a few days the country will see itself. See if such darkness prevails. From the city to the village, the lights should go off. Factories shut down. May your house be plunged into darkness. Fridge, AC, fan, TV, mobile should all be turned off. Put brakes on the speed of electric trains and metro. Our motive behind expressing these apprehensions is not to scare you, but to warn you, of the crisis that is standing at our doorstep.
The reason for the country coming to the cusp of this crisis is the shortage of coal, due to which the power plants of the country are on the verge of closure. There are 135 coal power plants in the country. Due to which 70% of the electricity demand in the country is fulfilled and only 4 days of coal is left in these power plants. Out of these, there are 16 power plants in which the stock of coal has been exhausted, due to which the power generation has come to a standstill or has been greatly reduced in many places and the effect of this shortage is also visible rapidly. Without the electricity that life seems incomplete, it has disappeared, so imagine what will happen then.
‘Most plants in Delhi have only 1-2 days of coal left’
According to the Delhi government, only 1-2 days of coal is left in most of the plants. This means that there is a danger of light failure in Delhi and on hearing this, the tension of Delhiites has increased. People are upset. There are panic, but the politics between the governments regarding electricity is also going on. There is a shortage of coal, it cannot be denied, but due to this the power supply has not been affected in Delhi so far, this is also true. But the fear is about the coming days. Because the side effects of the coal crisis have started appearing in other states.
Due to the impact on the supply of coal, there has been a reduction in the production of electricity in Uttar Pradesh by 7478 MW, due to which the reduction has started in rural areas as well as in urban areas. There is a reduction of up to 7 hours in many districts. On one hand the common people are facing problems, on the other hand the work of factories has also stopped. In many industries, both electricity and coal work, but due to the lack of both electricity and coal, losses and problems have started increasing.
Now the question is, how and why is the shortage of coal suddenly coming to the fore, so to understand this, first you have to look at some figures of electricity demand in the country. On October 4 last year, the demand for electricity in the country was 159 GW. Which increased by 15 GW this year to 174 GW, but why has the demand for electricity increased so much? And what is its connection with the shortage of coal, now understand that too.
Actually, economic activities have gained momentum after the restrictions imposed due to the second wave of Corona were removed. The companies which were closed due to the lockdown are now running indiscriminately. The production of companies has increased. Therefore, the consumption of coal in factories has increased tremendously. The second reason is that due to the high cost of coal abroad, there is a decrease in imports. Hence the dependence on domestic coal production has increased. Already, about three-fourth of the country’s coal requirement is met from domestic mines, but due to heavy rains in the monsoon, the supply was badly affected.
Thermal power plants of Punjab are also struggling due to shortage of coal
The only side effect of the shortfall in the supply of coal is the sound of power crisis, due to which people in many states of the country have started getting restless due to power cuts in hundreds of cities and villages. On the one hand, the festival of lights is approaching, and on the other hand, the fear of darkness covering the country is also increasing. The thermal power plants of Punjab are also grappling with the shortage of coal. Only 1 to 4 days of coal is left with the government and private thermal plants of Punjab. For thermal plants of Punjab, 22 rakes of coal are required daily which is not available.
The situation is expected to improve, but the current situation is raising concerns as the power cut will continue in Punjab for three hours a day till October 13. Due to shortage of coal, coal power plants are operating at less than 50 percent of their capacity.
Due to the shortage of coal, the power crisis in Maharashtra also seems to be deepening. 13 thermal power plants have to be closed in Maharashtra. Due to this there is a shortage of 3330 MW of electricity. Maharashtra requires about 1.5 lakh metric tonnes of coal every day, but in the current situation only 75 thousand metric tonnes of coal is being supplied, which is affecting power generation badly.
Due to the nationwide coal crisis, a big problem of electricity has also arisen in Bihar. These days load shedding is happening for 7 to 9 hours in rural areas of Bihar. Bihar is getting only 3200 MW power from NTPC instead of 4500 MW, due to which common people and businessmen are all upset in many areas of Bihar. The impact of the nationwide coal crisis is now being seen in Jharkhand, the largest coal mining state. There is also a shortage of electricity here.
There is a demand for megawatts of electricity. The power supply is only 1098 MW. The effect of this power shortage is being seen in all the districts including Ranchi. In Madhya Pradesh also, the power crisis can increase the trouble in the coming days. The demand for electricity in the state has reached 10,000 MW, while only 3900 MW is being produced. On one hand there is a shortage of coal, on the other hand the same coal is being wasted in electricity generation.
88 thousand metric tonnes of additional coal burnt in power plants of Madhya Pradesh
88 thousand metric tonnes of additional coal was burnt in the power plants of Madhya Pradesh. It takes 620 grams of coal to produce one unit of electricity, but in Madhya Pradesh, more than that i.e. 768 grams of coal was used, due to which coal worth Rs 30 crore was wasted from October 1 to 9. On the one hand, there is a power crisis, for this the shortage of coal is responsible, but on the other hand, the wastage of electricity is also a big reason.
Talking about the whole world, 6% to 8% of electricity is wasted, but in our country about 20% of electricity is wasted, so it is necessary to stop the wastage of electricity, so that the increased demand for electricity can be met. So along with this it is also necessary that the dependence on coal for electricity generation will also have to be reduced. 60% of the electricity in the country is generated from thermal power plants. 12% of electricity is generated in hydro projects. Wind, solar and other renewable energy sources generate 26%, nuclear sources generate 2 percent of the electricity.
It is clear that we need to do more work on other sources of energy, but this will not happen in a day or two. It will take time for this. With solid planning and intentions, the government will have to move forward to reduce dependence on coal. Meanwhile, the good news is that according to the Central Coalfield Limited, the situation is expected to stabilize in the next one or two weeks.
Also read- Coal Crisis In Chhattisgarh: Coal crisis arose in Chhattisgarh too! Only three to four days stock is left with power plants read this also- Coal Crisis in Maharashtra: Coal left in Maharashtra for only two days, Minister of State for Power gave information regarding power crisis
. | 9,620 | 3,857 | 23,856.7021 |
warc | 202143 | Mattie McGrathCeist:
4.
Deputy Mattie McGrath asked the Minister for Defence his plans to purchase a military jet aircraft for the Defence Forces to assist troops returning from overseas duties and also assist with duties at home. [25173/21]
Dáil Éireann Debate, Thursday - 13 May 2021
4.
Deputy Mattie McGrath asked the Minister for Defence his plans to purchase a military jet aircraft for the Defence Forces to assist troops returning from overseas duties and also assist with duties at home. [25173/21]
My priority as Minister for Defence is to ensure that the operational capability of the Army, Air Corps and Naval Service is maintained to the greatest extent possible. This is primarily to enable the Defence Forces to carry out their roles assigned by Government as set out in the White Paper on Defence. Equipment priorities for the Army, Air Corps and Naval Service are being considered in the context of the lifetime of the White Paper on Defence as part of the capability development and Equipment Development Planning (EDP) process.
In this context, the principal aim over the period of the White Paper is to replace and upgrade, as required, existing capabilities in order to retain a flexible response for a wide range of operational requirements at home and overseas. Budget 2021 provides a Capital allocation of €131m for investment in Defence equipment and barracks infrastructure and will enable continued investment in major equipment platforms such as Defence Forces vehicle fleet. The increased capital funding for 2021 builds on increased levels of capital expenditure totalling €392m over the years 2018 – 2020.
In relation to air-based capability, my immediate priorities have been the acquisition of three Pilatus PC-12 aircraft in the Intelligence, Surveillance, Target Acquisition and Reconnaissance (ISTAR) role and for two Airbus C295 maritime patrol aircraft. An additional PC-12 was also acquired in response to the Covid 19 situation. No decisions have been made for the acquisition of additional aircraft in other roles. Some €276 million, including VAT, has been committed to the acquisition of these enhanced capabilities.
While the option of acquiring a wider military lift capability has been mentioned, it is not identified as an action for acquisition in the present 5 year Equipment Development Plan, which was developed through a joint civil-military approach. Much of this longer range lift capability for military purposes is provided by way of chartering aircraft through a competitive procurement process on an as-required basis. To date, this has been considered to be the most cost effective approach taking account of the acquisition, running and maintenance costs of larger aircraft in the context of their expected usage and contingency requirements. The overall priorities in the EDP will remain under review as it is progressively implemented and taking account of funding availability.
With regard to domestic duties, while the Defence Forces are not a primary response agency for non-security related emergencies, as defined in the Framework for Major Emergency Management, they provide the fullest possible assistance to the appropriate Lead Department in the event of a natural disaster or emergency situation in an Aid to Civil Authority (ATCA) role.
As part of the Defence Organisation, the Air Corps provides a broad range of services in accordance with its primary security role. The Air Corps also undertakes a diverse range of non-security-related tasks on an ‘as available’ basis including the provision of air ambulance services to the Health Service Executive (HSE). This support is underpinned by agreed Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) and Service Level Agreements (SLAs).
In relation to other requests for support, the Air Corps and indeed the Defence Forces, can be made and are made available, within current means and capabilities, as the need arises. At the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, a Joint Task Force was established to coordinate the Defence Forces contribution to the whole-of-Government COVID-19 response while retaining, at all times, a contingent capacity to provide Aid to the Civil Power support.
Given the unique situation arising from the COVID-19 pandemic, an additional PC-12 NG aircraft was purchased to provide immediate additional fixed wing capacity. This aircraft provides the Air Corps with a further agile resource to service urgent requests from the HSE and other agencies of the State. Over the last year, the Air Corps have been involved in the transportation of COVID-19 tests to Germany in direct support of the effort to fight COVID-19, as well as fulfilling a broad range of other security and non-security roles as detailed above.
I am satisfied that the Defence Forces have the necessary resources available to them, including a modern and effective range of equipment which is line with best international standards in order to fulfil all roles assigned to them by Government. | 5,046 | 2,206 | 11,414.116047 |
warc | 202143 | New Delhi: Petrol and diesel prices rose again Thursday after a two-day break, taking its retail rates to record high levels across the country.
Accordingly, in the national capital, petrol and diesel prices increased by 35 paise per litre to Rs 104.79 per litre and Rs 93.53 per litre respectively.
In India’s financial capital, Mumbai, petrol became costlier by 34 paise per litre to Rs 110.75 a litre Thursday, the highest across all the four metro cities. Diesel also costs Rs 101.40 for one litre in Mumbai.
The price increase Thursday has come after fuel prices remained static for the past couple of days.
Diesel prices have now increased 16 out of the last 20 days taking up its retail price by Rs 4.90 per litre in Delhi. The price of diesel has increased between 20-30 paise per litre so far, but, since Wednesday last week it has been increasing by 35 paise per litre.
With diesel prices rising sharply, the fuel is now available at over Rs 100 a litre in several parts of the country. This dubious distinction was earlier available to petrol that had crossed Rs 100 a litre-mark across the country a few months earlier.
Petrol prices had maintained stability since September 5 but oil companies finally raised the pump prices last week and this week given a spurt in the product prices lately. Petrol prices have also risen on 13 of the previous 16 days taking up the pump price by Rs 3.60 per litre.
OMCs had preferred to maintain their watch prices on global oil situation before making any revision in prices. This is the reason why petrol prices were not revised for the last three weeks. But extreme volatility in global oil price movement has now pushed OMCs to effect the increase.
Crude prices have been on a surge rising over a three-year high level of over $ 83.7 a barrel now. Since September 5, when both petrol and diesel prices were revised, the price both in the international market was higher by around $9-10 per barrel as compared to average prices during August. | 2,008 | 964 | 4,151.394191 |
warc | 202143 | PMI Leaders Shed Light on New Challenges and Opportunities Across Regions
For the first time in the history of PMI, the Common Ground Symposium brought all the eight regional managing directors of PMI together for a dialogue. It was a lively discussion, hosted by Region 11 mentor Girish Kadam (extreme left) and conference chair Lt. Col L. Shri Harsha (retd).
PANEL DISCUSSION BY PMI LEADERSHIP TEAM
Here is an excerpt of the discussionHow are challenges of growth and development being managed in your region?Otema Yirenkyi: ‘Youthquake’ is a phenomenon that is taking place in Africa, which means the median age in African countries is 17. Our biggest opportunity lies in youth. Bite-sized knowledge and micro certifications are very attractive to that population. It enables them to quickly build capabilities, and become market-ready. We are doubling down on this as this is a gateway for the youth to build their project capabilities.How is organization agility helping businesses in China during these challenging times?Bob (Yong Tao) Chen: Businesses in China have found ways to adapt with agility. Look at Shanghai Fashion Week; it was changed to an online format in partnership with Alibaba to have their designs on sale immediately on the e-commerce platform. There are new ways of learning today – bitesized, on-demand, or ‘my ways’ of learning. How are these methods being leveraged in Europe to enhance competencies?Ashwini Bakshi: We are in dialogue with a number of organizations in Europe which are grappling with this question. With the pandemic, the whole domain of higher education is transforming. Many individuals will not be able to go to college for a degree. Organizations will be turning to functional and goal-oriented education. It means companies and individuals need to look at alternative methods. Low-code/ no-code and micro certifications are great examples. Individuals will need to invest in their own learning.The Middle East has generally been insulated from global turbulences. Do good project management practices have a role in maintaining stability?Grace Najjar: Countries in the Middle East have been a part of the Project Economy since 1960, delivering successful projects with captivating speed. Human capabilities, building transformation leaders, and technology enablement are the assets of the future. COVID-19 has accelerated digital transformation. In the UAE, since the country’s leadership has invested in smart learning programs, they could move 1.2 million schoolchildren online in a day.Your region is a prominent hub of technological advances. Will it make human resources redundant? Or will individual competencies continue to be in demand?Ben Breen: Individual competencies are even more important now, and people need to gain new skills to remain relevant. PMI’s Pulse of the Profession survey this year showed that organizations that have pivoted well have three key skills – ‘ability is agility’, ‘technology rules but people influence,’ and ‘it’s a project leaders’ world.’ Organizations need people with what PMI calls ‘power skills’, and the right mindset. And PMI is helping them acquire those skills.Organization agility has become a mantra now. What is its importance in North America and what are your top three things suggestions for organizations?Brantlee Underhill: Organization agility is necessary, and 2020 has forced companies to move quickly toward it. Business leaders know that agility is impacted by executive sponsorship, organization culture, and understanding the impact of change. Three tips for organizations to build agility are: define your ‘why’ – the strategic vision, purpose and values; invest in career development for your employees – focus on your technology quotient; and create your own wellness meter - for yourself and your employees.Organizational agility is helping companies recover fast. How is it working in Latin America?Ricardo Triana: Agility is not just about implementing agile. It goes beyond frameworks; it needs a change in the organizational culture. It means you need to reskill your people. There is an opportunity for us to pick those organizations, and share those experiences. We also have an opportunity to show how organizational agility works – the ways of working, power skills, and business acumen. We need to convey these messages to show how project management is so important now.How do the insights from other regions pan out in the Indian context? Any insights that will help manage the new reality more efficiently?Srini Srinivasan: Region 11 has recognized the value and importance of micro-certifications in order to develop individual competency. Upskilling and reskilling, youth outreach, organizational agility through Disciplined Agile™, and physical and emotional wellbeing of employees are some of the key areas of focus. | 4,980 | 2,424 | 9,974.381188 |
warc | 202143 | Contents
How do you keep metal dust caps from sticking?
If you have metal caps on your tyre valves you can either replace them with plastic caps that won’t react with the metal of the valve stem and seize up, if you want to keep your metal caps on then every now and then remove them from the valve stem and squirt a small amount of WD40 into the cap.
Will air come out of tire without cap?
While a missing valve stem cap may seem harmless, it can lead to loss of air pressure. Without a cap, dirt and debris will enter the valve stem where it can break through the seal. When this occurs, air will leak out of the tire through the valve stem.
Are metal dust caps good?
You can help prolong the life of your tyre valves by fitting metal dust caps when purchasing new tyres. Metal valve stem covers not only protect the valve from weathering and other damage, but they also look great.
How much does it cost to replace a valve stem?
Replacing your valve stem is an easy task to do, even if you aren’t a mechanic. New valve stems cost about $10 dollars to repair if you do it yourself. If you bring it to the shop, it will cost about $30.
Are valve stem caps universal?
However, it may cause internal damage to the tire if the exposed Schrader valve gets damaged. Luckily, it is not an expensive part to replace, as most stem caps are one-size-fits-all, and you can pick a pack up online for a couple bucks.
Is valve stem part of TPMS?
TIRE PRESSURE MONITORING SYSTEM (TPMS) While most TPMS sensors also use valve stems to add/remove air, the valve stem portion of the TPMS sensor is different from a standard valve stem.
What are green tire valve caps?
This common pitch is compelling: Filling your car’s tires with nitrogen will reduce air loss, boost fuel economy, reduce rolling resistance, and improve safety. Some cars are even sold with the telltale green caps on valve stems, signaling the tires have already been filled with nitrogen. | 1,972 | 1,018 | 3,759.972495 |
warc | 202143 | Essential oils are precious gifts from Mother Nature that have powerful effects on the human body. There are a number of health benefits provided by essential oils including strengthening the immune system, preventing infections and sickness, refreshing the mind, calming nerves, and much more.
Essential oils can be used in a variety of ways and knowing how to use them is important. Check out the most effective ways of using Purely Crafted essential oils and enjoy their benefits with our simply ‘how-to’ guide below.
Diffusion
One of the most effective ways to experience the benefits of essential oils is to diffuse the oil into the surrounding area. The benefit to this method is that the process of inhalation is highly effective and fast acting as well as refreshing and soothing. Moreover, it is the safest way of utilizing essential oils with both children and adults.
It is commonly recommended that when diffusing use approximately 10-20 drops of essential oil per 100mL of water. There are several different ways available for diffusing essential oils, such as:
Water diffuser ideal for home or office In-car diffusers If you happen to be away from your diffuser, some other simple ways to use Purely Crafted Essential Oils include: Dilute with water in a spray bottle and spray around your home and office Add to your laundry Topical
Another preferred method of using essential oils is topical application. In order to prevent skin irritation, it is imperative that you always dilute an essential oil with a carrier oil prior to topical application. Since the oil is applied directly on the skin, it is absorbed and enters the bloodstream right away. Carrier oils can consist of the following:
Fractionated Coconut Oil (FCO) Grapeseed Oil Jojoba Oil Almond Oil Avocado Oil A common and effective way of topical application is through massage, especially foot massage or reflexology. Major pressure points exist in the palm of your foot, which makes absorption of essential oils faster and more efficient. Other beneficial areas of the body include chest, neck, temples, forehead, arms, legs, and abdomen. Household
In addition to the diffused and topical health benefits of essential oils, many of these oils also possess cleaning properties that can help you cleanse your home naturally. Using five drops of Purely Crafted Immunity Blend, for example, mixed into a few ounces of water to create an all-purpose cleaner for naturally disinfecting surfaces like counter and tabletops. | 2,516 | 1,250 | 5,023.9488 |
warc | 202143 | 1In the Bulletin, the Department offers new guidance subjecting the purchase of remote help supply services to sales and use tax and, by doing so, expands the tax base of Pennsylvania’s sales and use tax. Background
In Pennsylvania, the purchase of help supply services is subject to sales and use tax.
2 Help supply services are defined as “[p]roviding temporary or continuing help where the help supplied is on the payroll of the supplying person or entity, but is under the supervision of the individual or business to which help is furnished.” 3
Historically, the Department has taken the position that help supply services are subject to Pennsylvania tax if the “delivery or use” of the service occurs in Pennsylvania.
4 “Delivery” occurs in Pennsylvania if the temporary worker reports for work “at a location” in Pennsylvania, and “use” occurs if that worker performs work “at a location” in Pennsylvania. 5 On its face, the Department’s historical policy does not contemplate a worker who provides services remotely from a location outside Pennsylvania. | 1,137 | 538 | 2,242.299257 |
warc | 202143 | Public speaking
In simple words, public speaking refers to the art of speaking in public. This art is different from the art of communicating with a single person. This is because the public includes masses who come from different backgrounds and have different temperaments. Thus, one needs to speak in a manner that most people can engage themselves in what you are communicating.
Hence, developing this art requires a different approach. It may include using techniques that focus on making the communication effective. For this, many institutions provide public speaking courses.
Are there any public speaking courses in Dubai?
There are a number of such courses in Dubai. Several institutions provide these courses both online and offline. Many find online courses more suitable for them because of the convenience of timing for attending the classes. These public speaking courses in Dubai generally offer courses in both English and Arabic.
You will also get details of the courses on their websites. Getting such a course would require enrolling yourself in one of them and get started.
Importance of these courses for corporates
Public speaking has great importance for the success of any corporate. This is because a good speaker can express his ideas in an efficient way to the public. Thus, people can understand the products and services in a better way. A good speaker can influence people on how their product or service stands out from that of others.
Corporates require this skill not only to present themselves in front of the general public. The employees and managers need to have effective public speaking skills in their day-to-day work. Making representations in front of the clients, presenting an idea in a meeting, etc. are all different forms of public speaking. Thus, corporates can largely benefit themselves by getting such courses for their employees.
Skills they develop
A major problem that most people face while speaking in public is a lack of confidence. These courses focus on boosting up your confidence. Thus, you feel less afraid of facing the public. Apart from this, they also focus on improving your reasoning and research skills. As a result, you know how to influence a particular set of audiences. Further, they will improve your overall communication skills. Thus, you can communicate your message in the best way possible.
Overall, they give you the ability to influence others with your words. You will know how to express a particular message so that people believe in what you say.
Do these courses really benefit?
The courses are designed in a manner that you learn all the techniques and principles of public speaking. They also provide sufficient opportunities to try those techniques. You will be exposed to practice public speaking situations to help you master the art.
However, regular practice and sheer dedication towards learning this art are important.
Different aspects of Public Speaking
There can be different aspects of speaking in public. One may need to educate a set of audiences on a particular topic. In this case, your goal is to inform them in a manner that they feel that something of value is added to their knowledge.
Alternatively, you may need to persuade your audience for something. Here, your goal is to influence them that your belief system is more accurate than that of theirs. This can involve different techniques such as making the audience believe that you belong to their group by the use of words like ‘us’ or ‘we’. Another relatively newer approach in this form of speaking is the intervention technique.
Technology and Public Speaking
Technology has brought new ways of public speaking into the picture. There are conferences that are held online. Here, you may not be facing any person directly while you speak. However, your message reaches a wide audience, possibly across the entire globe. Further, your speaking can be enhanced further by the use of animation, laser pointers, etc.
In order to realize the benefit of these courses in the best way possible, it is important that you find the right institution. The institutions often provide demo videos of their classes. One can watch these videos before deciding whether to go to a particular institution or not. | 4,302 | 1,852 | 9,895.529158 |
warc | 202143 | Abstract
Human cytomegalovirus (CMV) is a ubiquitous herpesvirus with the ability to establish a lifelong latent infection. The mechanism by which this occurs is not well understood. Regulation of, for example, immediate-early (IE) gene expression is thought to be a critical control point in transcriptional control of the switch between latency and reactivation. Here, we present evidence that supports previous studies showing that the majority of genomes are quiescent with respect to gene expression. To study the possible role of epigenetic factors that may be involved in repression of ie gene expression in latency, we have analyzed changes in the patterns of modifications of histones bound to the major IE promoter (MIEP) in the kidneys of acutely and latently infected mice. Our studies show that, like herpes simplex virus, murine CMV genomes become relatively enriched in histones in latent infection. There are dramatic changes in modifications of histones associated with the MIEP when latency is established: H3 and H4 become hypoacetylated and H3 is hypomethylated at lysine 4, while H3 lysine 9 is hypermethylated in latently infected mice. These changes are accompanied by a relative loss of RNA polymerase and gain of heterochromatin protein 1γ and Yin-Yang 1 bound to the MIEP. Our studies suggest that, in the majority of cells, CMV establishes a true latent infection, defined as the lack of expression of genes associated with productive infection, and that this occurs through changes in histone modifications and recruitment of transcriptional silencing factors to the MIEP.
ASJC Scopus subject areas Microbiology Immunology Insect Science Virology | 1,683 | 858 | 3,283.615385 |
warc | 202143 | Winners in Business Pivot, Grow and Shrink: Evolve with a Flexible Workspace Winners in Business Pivot, Grow and Shrink: Evolve with a Flexible Workspace
Just as elite athletes need to maintain flexibility to stay on top of their game, business owners need to be highly responsive and agile in order to win.
The challenges of navigating through a global pandemic have been considerable, but one positive outcome for everyone is that flexible working arrangements have become the norm.
Remote working and hybrid work solutions are here to stay. The great news is that not only does this give managers and employees more options, but it has also actually been shown to boost productivity while enabling businesses to thrive.
Is a Flexible Workspace solution suitable for your business? Let’s assess the benefits:
Grow or retract as your business pivots, evolves and changes
One of the simplest ways to maintain flexibility in business is to implement a Flexible Workspace arrangement rather than leasing an office. Renting a private office is expensive, plus it comes with the added costs of utility bills and IT expenses. It just doesn’t make sense to pay high rent for an office when a Flexible Workspace – such as Servcorp’s Remote Teams Package – makes it so easy to connect, collaborate and grow.
With a Flexible Office Space, you can pay for what you need today and then expand or contract tomorrow, depending on how your requirements change. For a small monthly fee, you will gain access to a coworking space in a central serviced office, meeting rooms, a dedicated receptionist and local IT support.
Paying for space only when it’s needed is one of the most powerful tools you can have in business. It drastically lowers costs while giving your employees the benefits of working from home, combined with the option to attend a coworking space when needed.
Put simply: it’s the best of both worlds. Your employees will enjoy the flexible working conditions, and your business partners will appreciate the freedom to expand or shrink the business as required.
Create space and time to spend on deep tasks with a client-facing receptionist
Your Servcorp Flexible Workspace will come with a dedicated receptionist, providing a professional first point of contact for your business. This creates a positive first impression, plus it frees you up to focus on important tasks.
If you’re working from home while raising a family, a dedicated receptionist will make it possible for you to attend to family matters like picking the kids up from school. You won’t need to worry about missing an important call, plus you won’t be interrupted throughout the day by annoying junk callers.
With Servcorp’s Remote Teams Package, your business will receive its own phone system with up to 10 unique numbers. Each of your team members will get their own direct line, and the lead number will be answered by a receptionist (or a team leader). This service is powered by an app that can be easily installed on team members’ mobiles.
Outsource the tasks you’d rather not do
Not only is reception taken care of, but a Flexible Office Space gives you access to equipment such as printers, photocopiers and coffee machines.
The convenience of this service cannot be overstated. Printers and photocopiers are expensive to buy and maintain, plus they can take up time that would be better spent on growing your business.
You won’t need to worry about organising office cleaning services either, plus you’ll save money that would otherwise go towards internet and electricity bills. Even better, you won’t need to waste time with office maintenance or building repairs.
Coworking spaces provide all the convenience and professionalism of an office, without any of the headaches.
A better balance for you and your team
A recent survey into Workplace Trends showed that the overwhelming majority of workers want to be able to work from home with the option of coming into the office when needed.
Flexible workplace arrangements benefit everyone – it allows employees who have kids to get their work done around their family commitments, and it also increases employee satisfaction. When you treat your team like adults, they will return the favour by making sure jobs get done on time, to a high standard.
A Flexible Workspace is preferable to working remotely all the time because sometimes you need to get out of the house to concentrate on work. Coworking spaces give your team opportunities to meet and work alongside each other.
Another advantage is you will be working alongside a varied assortment of entrepreneurs and professionals, which creates valuable networking opportunities. Servcorp’s coworking spaces are located in business hubs which are bustling hives of ideas and energy. In the past, a small business owner would struggle to rent office space in the CBD, but now you can use a Flexible Office Space to place your business and your team at the centre of the action.
Use meeting rooms as needed
When you have a fixed-term lease on an office, most likely you’ll be paying for a meeting room that only occasionally gets used. A better option is to opt for a Flexible Workspace which allows access to a meeting room when you need it.
Impressions count, and by conducting meetings at a top-tier address, you’ll be projecting the image of a winner. Not only are Servcorp’s meeting rooms located in central, upmarket locations, they also give you access to high-speed wi-fi, as well as coffee facilities and printers.
Innovate, invent, grow and compete with a Servcorp Flexible Workspace
Contact us today to find out more about Servcorp’s Flexible Workspace solutions. No matter what your requirements, we can tailor a package to suit your needs. We have Virtual Offices to suit sole traders, and a Remote Teams Package for teams of up to 10 remote workers.
It’s time to ditch your old ways of working and embrace the exciting possibilities that flexible workplace solutions can bring. | 6,122 | 2,649 | 13,810.899207 |
warc | 202143 | SEXUAL HARASSMENT POLICY AND PROCEDURES PreambleThis policy provides a definition of sexual harassment. It specifies pre-disciplinary, pre-grievance procedures for reporting and resolving complaints of sexual harassment and recommends that an education program be initiated. Formal disciplinary and grievance procedures are already defined by existing policies, executive orders, codes, and collective bargaining contracts pertinent to university employees and students.
No individual shall be subject to reprisal for using this policy, nor shall its use preclude subsequent disciplinary or grievance measures. All units of the campus community are expected to comply with this policy.
Except as needed in processing the complaint, both the sexual harassment advisers and sexual harassment officers are required to maintain confidentiality in dealing with sexual harassment complaints.
Definition of Sexual HarassmentSexual harassment is one person's use of university authority, rank, or position to distort a university relationship by conduct which emphasizes another person's sexuality. Sexual advances, requests for sexual favors, and other verbal or physical conduct of a sexual nature are forms of sexual harassment when the person with authority, rank, or position:
Sexual harassment is unethical and unprofessional conduct, illegal, and against San Francisco State University policy. It may occur in written, spoken, physical, and visual forms. The university will act to eliminate sexual harassment within its jurisdiction. A person with university authority, rank, or position must not use that power to create sexual pressure on someone else or on the workplace in general. Requires submission as an explicit or implicit condition of instruction, employment, or participation in any university activity; or Distorts academic or personnel evaluations based on response to such conduct; or Hinders performance by creating or allowing sexually intimidating, hostile, or offensive behavior to occur in the university or in a university-related setting.
The university will evaluate each incident or alleged sexual harassment and apply appropriate remedies.
The university can dismiss employees or expel students for sexual harassment.
The university recognizes that any member of the campus community might be called upon to listen to a complaint of alleged sexual harassment. The listener should be objective and attentive, while discouraging use of names. No records should be kept, nor should promises for specific action or final decisions be made. The listener should refer the complainant to a sexual harassment adviser or to a university sexual harassment officer. Complainants may go to the sexual harassment officer without first consulting a sexual harassment adviser and may request an investigation at any time.
Sexual Harassment Advisers (SHA)All SHA's are volunteers. The sexual harassment officers shall arrange for a course for training of advisers. People who have successfully completed the course may serve as SHA's. Advisers will be available to serve as sources of initial information to any individual who has a complaint or who needs information about sexual harassment.
The names of the advisers shall be published at the beginning of each semester. Advisers will have information about applicable laws, university policies and procedures, and options available for resolution of complaints. The advisers shall:
Discussion between complainants and sexual harassment advisers shall occur without a written complaint and without identification of the person bringing the complaint and shall not imply guilt or innocence. No written record of specific complaints or actions taken to this point in the procedures shall be kept. However, a simple tally of the number and type of complaints shall be kept and reported to the appropriate sexual harassment officer at the end of each semester. Serve as resource persons to individuals with complaints or inquiries which may involve sexual harassment; Advise the complainant regarding applicable university policies and procedures and outline various informal and formal options. Inform the appropriate sexual harassment officer if a complaint is received which is deemed sufficiently serious to warrant further action.
If further action is requested by the complainant, the SHA shall refer the complainant to a sexual harassment officer (SHO) and explain the responsibilities and duties of those officers. In addition, SHA's have an obligation to notify SHO's when it appears the university should act, even if the complainant has not requested further action. The SHA is not authorized to notify either the accused or any supervisor of the accused.
Sexual Harassment Officers (SHO)Sexual harassment officers are presidential designees and in that capacity are accountable directly to the President. The SHO's shall be the University Counsel and the Dean of Students. SHO's are empowered to hear and evaluate each complaint of alleged sexual harassment and to attempt resolution. SHO's shall observe basic standards of due process and confidentiality in all actions.
The sexual harassment officers shall pursue complaints promptly through the stages outlined below.
Any discussion, investigation, or action taken under these procedures shall not conflict with student grievance procedures, regulations governing student affairs, collective bargaining contracts, and Executive Order 419.
Pre-Formal Resolution of ComplaintsThe complainant may choose to enter into a pre-formal discussion or to request that the SHO conduct an investigation immediately (see Pre-Formal Investigation and Reporting below).
Pre-Formal Discussion. Pre-formal discussion or resolution does not require a written complaint. Any SHO will hear complaints, determine the remedy sought, and review options for resolution. The review shall include a discussion of applicable university policies and procedures as well as external options for resolution. The SHO(s) shall aid the complainant in identifying ways in which further harassment might be prevented. University policy requires that the SHO keep written records of all complaints. Such records need not identify complainant or alleged harasser by name nor shall they be part of any individual's official file at this stage of the procedure.
At the request of the complainant, the SHO(s) may attempt to resolve the situation by taking some or all of the following steps:
Informing the alleged harasser directly or through an appropriate administrator or supervisor that a problem has been raised concerning that person's conduct. Informing the alleged harasser of university policy regarding sexual harassment. Assisting the alleged harasser in identifying behaviors which might lead to complaints and ways in which that behavior might be changed to avoid further complaints. Recommending that an oral or written warning or reprimand be issued to the alleged harasser. Pre-Formal Investigation and Reporting. At the request of the complainant and upon receipt of a written and signed complaint, the appropriate SHO shall initiate an investigation. If the SHO determines that circumstances so warrant, the SHO shall initiate an investigation with or without the consent of the complainant. The SHO shall notify the President, all the appropriate grievance/disciplinary officers for faculty or staff or students and the alleged harasser that an investigation is underway, and give the names of the parties involved.
The appropriate SHO shall conduct a full and impartial investigation. The investigation procedures may include a meeting(s) at which both the complainant and the alleged harasser are present. If such a meeting(s) results in a settlement, the terms of the settlement shall be put in writing and be signed by the complainant, the alleged harasser, and the SHO.
At the conclusion of the investigation or upon settlement, the appropriate SHO shall submit a written report to the President. The report shall include a description of the facts, the remedy sought by the complainant or the terms of the signed settlement, and recommendations for further action if deemed necessary by the SHO. These recommendations shall be based upon the strength of evidence against the accused, the seriousness of action(s) that led to the complaint, and the remedy sought by the complainant. If formal disciplinary action is initiated, copies of the report shall be sent to the appropriate grievance/disciplinary action officer for faculty or staff or students, as well as to the complainant and the accused.
Upon receipt of the SHO's report, the President or appropriate grievance/disciplinary action officer shall:
If either party is dissatisfied with actions taken up to this point, s/he may seek redress through existing complaint, grievance, or disciplinary procedures in student policies and regulations, collective bargaining contracts, and Executive Order 419. Make every attempt to resolve the complaint to the satisfaction of both the complainant and the accused; Inform both parties of procedures available to them should either be dissatisfied with the resolution of the complaint.
Formal Grievance and Disciplinary ProceduresFormal complaint, reprimand, grievance, or disciplinary procedures are governed by the policies, codes, executive orders, or contracts applicable to the bargaining unit or employment category to which the alleged harasser belongs.
Should it become necessary to invoke formal reprimand or disciplinary procedures, sexual harassment will be viewed as unprofessional conduct.Formal disciplinary procedures will be pursued by the appropriate grievance/disciplinary action officer. | 9,736 | 3,649 | 25,907.525349 |
warc | 202143 | National News: Tax Tip: Tips for Preparing to File Your Taxes OnlineOTTAWA, ONTARIO--(Market wired - Feb. 10, 2014) - Did you know?Filing your taxes online is increasing in popularity as Canadians discover how fast, easy, and secure filing online really is. Last year, over 74% of Canadians filed their income tax and benefit return electronically. Are you ready to join them?By
Ryan Weir is the co-founder of Walker Weir Property Management, a company he started with his friend Hamish Walker. He served as the Company Director when the business was launched and in 2016, four years down the road he bought out his business partner and is currently the sole owner of the company.By
As small business owner, it is very tough task to manage accounting and bookkeeping. You can handle books efficiently, by following these accounting tips.By
When you\u2019re first starting your business, it\u2019s necessary to multi-task. Resources are limited and there\u2019s so much to do. It\u2019s the story of every small business. However, accounting is one aspect which should never be ignored. It will lay the foundation for your business\u2019s future.By
View Accounting tips PowerPoint (PPT) presentations online in SlideServe. SlideServe has a very huge collection of Accounting tips PowerPoint presentations. You can view or download Accounting tips presentations for your school assignment or business presentation. Browse for the presentations on every topic that you want.
Useful Accounting Tips . Presented by Andrew Smith Database Business Consultant ESC Region 2 September 25, 2008. Disclaimer . The information in this presentation is provided as general information only.
"You cannot effectively modification one thing that you simply cannot measure" is value considering, with the priority and resources associated with various parts of your business.
There are a few organizations that offer accounting task help management in Australia and assignment help australia, the USA, and the UK which is offering the equivalent. Notwithstanding, you should guarantee that your schoolwork author is solid and dependable too.
Microsoft Dynamics GP is widely considered to be one of the best small business accounting software platforms in existence
If you are a business owner, then choosing the right business accounting software is a crucial decision that you need to take for its growth. Look for software that is well designed and easy to use as it will manage all your day to day financial activities effectively.
If you’re running a restaurant and have a limited understanding of how the accounting works, following are some useful restaurant accounting tips that will help in sustaining your restaurant in the long run.
There are some easy tips for accounting for small business owners. You must pay taxes, keep your accounts organized, etc. By using proper accounting software you can streamline the business easily. Know more about small business accounting, visit -http:\/\/jarrarcpa.com\/small-business-accounting\/
GP is a fully customizable platform that has, literally, hundreds of industry-specific add-on modules that are platform compatible. Interoperability between GP, these add-ons, and the full suite of Microsoft products is excellent. So what are some of the other characteristics you should look for in the best small business accounting software systems?
Tax and Accounting Tips for Startups. Larry Kammerer, partner Outsourced accounting group. Has practiced public accounting since 1985, focusing on venture-funded technology companies and high net worth individuals
Every business owner must follow some tips for bookkeeping and accounting services. Keep personal and business expense separate, save essential bookkeeping records, track every business expense, etc. By following these you will enjoy an undisturbed experience. Know more about it, visit - https:\/\/jarrarcpa.com | 3,937 | 1,890 | 8,130.21746 |
warc | 202143 | After months of turmoil in credit markets, whispers of a U.S. recession in recent weeks and panicked trading on global markets Monday, the Federal Reserve cut key interest rates Tuesday by three-quarters of a point -- the biggest one-time cut since 1991. The Federal Funds rate, which is charged on overnight loans to banks, is now 3.5 percent.
Q How does a rate cut help the economy? A By lowering the cost of borrowing for banks, lenders theoretically can pass along those savings to business customers and consumers. As importantly, the Fed's big rate cut signaled a willingness to take dramatic measures to restore confidence. Q What impact will it have on mortgage rates? Will it curb foreclosures? A The Federal Reserve's overnight federal funds rate is not directly linked to long-term mortgage interest rates. However, the Fed's rate cut will help people with short-term and adjustable-rate debt tied to benchmarks like the prime rate. So rates on "piggy-back" second mortgages and home-equity lines of credit will drop. Lower rates on that debt could help lower default rates. Q What about credit card and other consumer rates? A These interest rates drop, but not a whole lot and not fast, and not for all borrowers. For example, those who have put themselves in high-risk categories -- such as being late with payments -- will likely not see rate relief. Q Is anyone hurt by a rate cut? A Yes. Those responsible people who save money, because the interest rates they will earn on savings accounts or certificates of deposit will go down. | 1,553 | 833 | 2,886.007203 |
warc | 202143 | Developers of the Wayzata Bay shopping center site are seeking to change tax rules to help jump-start construction of the retail and senior housing complex -- a project already set back a year due to the lagging economy.
The Wayzata Bay Redevelopment Co. is asking the city and the state Legislature to approve changes to the project's Tax Increment Financing, or TIF, plan that the developer says could speed construction.
Presbyterian Homes and Services won city approval in 2008 for the mixed residential and commercial development space. Plans call for more than 250 senior housing units plus retail and office space, condos, a hotel and a public plaza. The project -- then estimated to cost $160 million but now projected to have a $225 million value upon completion -- would replace Wayzata Bay Center, an aging retail complex on 14 prime acres.
Local governments provide TIF assistance to developers to encourage them to redevelop under-utilized properties, in recognition of the fact that it can cost more to redevelop a site than to start from scratch on an open tract.
The TIF approach "levels the playing field" by diverting the difference between the property taxes paid before and after the redevelopment back to the developer to cover costs associated with the construction, such as building demolition and street infrastructure, said Jay Lindgren of Dorsey and Whitney, Wayzata's TIF attorney.
"The whole point of the legislation is to create jobs," Lindgren said.
The developers are asking that the TIF district's 25-year lifespan begin in 2017, five years later than under standard TIF rules, to capture more savings. Starting later would allow time for the project to be more fully developed before TIF kicks in.
After discussions earlier this month, the proposal still needed approval from the Wayzata City Council as well as the state Legislature. The developers were expected to present more information to the council at its meeting this week. So far, the city has supported the proposal, City Manager Al Orsen said.
However, on March 2, the council did reject a proposal from the developer that would have levied no tax on the land for 25 years.
Over that period, the proposal would have cost Hennepin County $2 million in tax revenue and the Wayzata School District about $1 million. The plan also would have cost the city's general fund $1 million in tax revenue, but Presbyterian Homes would have promised to pay the city $40,000 a year, Council Member Mary Bader said.
"That would still leave the school district and the county hanging out there without these taxes," she said. "It was a terrible idea."
Tara Bannow is a University of Minnesota student on assignment for the Star Tribune. | 2,736 | 1,373 | 5,410.225783 |
warc | 202143 | Prepare Your Home for Roof Replacement With These Tips
Investing in a new roof comes with plenty of benefits. It fixes all the issues you have been facing over the last few months. The interiors of your home are also enhanced. Plus, it raises the overall value of your home.
To enjoy these benefits, we hire the best roofers in Exeter, New Hampshire. However, we need to keep a few additional things in mind. Preparing your home for roof replacement is one aspect. Let’s discuss it more below.
The kids might find the whole process of roof replacement exciting. But, it is safe for them only if they are looking at it from a distance. Explain to them the safe distance and why certain areas of the home will be off-limits. Also, ensure the pets are away. The good idea is to take the help of a friend or family. Your kids and pets can stay there for a few days.
The vibration of the hammer often travels down the walls. It is, therefore, crucial to get rid of wall hangings and wall decorations on each wall. Many homeowners remove chandeliers and small light fixtures when they hire roofing contractors in Manchester, New Hampshire. It never harms to play safe.
It goes without saying that patio furniture should be removed when a roofing company in Manchester, New Hampshire, is working on your roof. A garage or shed is the best place to store it. You can also keep your potted plants, lawn ornaments, and grills in that area.
Cut the grass a day or two before the work begins. It is equally important to prune the tree branches that hang near the roof.
All these tips help you prepare for roof replacement. The best roofers in Exeter, New Hampshire, will also offer some vital tips on keeping your home safe.
For the best roof replacement solutions, connect with the team of Seacoast Roofing & Exteriors. Check the website for the details: | 1,858 | 965 | 3,548.491192 |
warc | 202143 | Need financial advice?
Make well-informed decisions with helpful advice. Talk to your advisor or find one near you - there is no cost to talk to an advisor.
Defeating type 2 diabetes can be done! This is what the Diabetes Prevention Clinic sponsored by Sun Life is actively working on.
Stuck at home because of COVID-19? Make exercise part of your at-home routine with awesome home workouts.
You’ve heard of diets like low-carb, keto and intermittent fasting. But can any of them help with diabetes?
If diabetes is runaway blood sugar, prediabetes is blood sugar that’s picking up speed. Here’s how you can prevent one from turning into the other.
People with diabetes can experience mental-health issues like depression, anxiety and eating disorders. Here’s what you need to know about the emotional and mental impact of diabetes.
The end of Daylight Saving Time means an extra hour of shut-eye. But how can you get a good night’s sleep during something as unpredictable as a pandemic?
Seniors are at higher risk for illnesses and injuries – even at home. Here are some affordable ways to improve their living situation. | 1,161 | 669 | 1,945.412556 |
warc | 202143 | Quality Assurance Matters. Do Your Employees Have Immediate Access to TAPPI Standards and TIPs?
Are you looking for an easy, hassle-free way to access TAPPI’s library of Standards, Technical Information Papers (TIPs) and Useful Methods (UMs)? A company license will provide all of your employees with up-to-date access to the most current information.
With an online company license, you get unlimited point-and-click access to more than 500 TAPPI Standards and TIPs for the entire year. Company licenses provide the ability to print and share documents internally without having to obtain copyright releases. Licenses are also available for individual use, too.
Standards are critical because they provide a consensus-based, mutual understanding of testing, processes, and procedures that help the entire Industry. TAPPI Standards or Test Methods are used in labs throughout the world to help companies with quality assurance and overall product quality and development –both are essential for business growth and sustainability.
For more information and to order a company license or an individual license, contact TAPPI Press, [email protected], or by phone at (770) 209-7277.
To follow the development and publication of TAPPI Standards and TIPs, subscribe to our TAPPI Star newsletter. | 1,307 | 715 | 2,358.083916 |
warc | 202143 | POSSIBLE HURDLES TO YOUR DREAM JOURNEY
The United Kingdom is a dreamland for quite many tourists and immigrants alike. This land of opportunities is an island country of historical importance and comprises modern countries like England, Wales, Scotland, and parts of Northern Ireland. Even after various speculations and confusions around the matter of Brexit, UK lacks no shortage of immigration demand and continues to mesmerize the world with its richness and glory. You might want a UK Visa for personal, professional, and educational needs, and for each requirement the process is different. Similarly, rules do change based on the country you are applying from. Visa application is a crucial stage and should be dealt with, with the utmost care, for your request could be rejected for the simplest of reasons.
Brexit: Crisis or Opportunity??!!!
Following Brexit, the United Kingdom has a new immigration system from 1 January 2021. Freedom of movement between the UK and EU has ended and Britain has now implemented a points-based immigration system that treats EU and non-EU citizens equally. Immigration routes are now open for applications to work, live and study. One can apply and pay for visas online and should be ready with your biometric information to complete formalities. Under this new system, anyone coming to the UK for work must meet a specific set of requirements for which will gain points. Visas are then awarded to those who achieve enough points. On the other hand, as per the new student visa application system, candidates shall apply six months before the course commences. Additionally, the government has launched a graduate visa scheme that allows staying back for a period of two years (three years for Ph.D. candidates) after course completion.
Visa Rejection
A major hurdle on your dream journey is the rejection of your visa application. The British Immigration Office could reject your visa request for a plethora of reasons. It is always better to understand the common mistakes to overcome such silly errors. Notable mentions are as follows,
If the purpose of the visit does not match with the visa category applied for – There are several visa categories. Some are too similar and applicants often get confused. You need to select the category carefully. Incomplete form – Filling an application form sounds simple, but filling a visa application form is no cakewalk. Any case of false, mismatch, or fraudulent documentation – All the documents need to be proper and up to date. Disordered arrangement of documents – Appropriate filing of documents is necessary Insufficient funds for the proposed UK trip – You need to submit proof that you can support yourself and your dependents (if any) while in the UK. The requirement varies according to your visa category. Preceding case of deportation, if any. Concealment of criminal record, if any. Lack of a valid passport or any other travel document. If a biometric scan, photograph, or medical report of the applicant does not abide by the terms and conditions of UK visa regulations. Language
Language difficulties often trouble immigrants during the visa application process. You need to meet the prescribed English requirements to get a visa. Additionally, applicants find it difficult to communicate with government officials. Having a grasp of the language alone doesn’t help. Accent differences trouble applicants. Moreover, the procedures can be pressure-giving. An experienced consultancy firm can help you with this.
Why an immigration consultant?
Visa application is a meticulous process and taking professional help is always advisable. These things may look easy but are not as simple as it appears. Lack of expert guidance might result in loss of time, money, energy, and most importantly opportunities which wait for none. Documents for visa application differ from person, nationality, and purpose of immigration. Your request could be outrightly rejected for the simple reason of the wrong compilation of documents other than the prescribed format. Taking help from a family friend or distant relative in the UK alone will not solve this issue, especially as visa rules changes periodically and hence should be thoroughly followed.
The aforementioned reasons for visa rejection are just the tip of the iceberg and there are plenty more beneath it. Once your application is rejected it also means that you have to wait for a period of a further six months before making another visa request. Hence it is best to hire an immigration consultant – a one-stop solution for all your visa-related troubles. Consultancy firms have immense experience and up-to-date knowledge regarding all visa-related queries.
What Do Consultancies Provide?
Peculiar needs of the client whether student or working professionals are looked into.
Your application and documents are scrutinized and the feasibility of the same will be checked. After consultation with the client, necessary modifications are brought out for positive results.
You will be instantly updated with the progress of your visa application and will be asked for your direct physical presence only when demanded by the visa approval authorities.
Moreover, consultancies stand by your side and support you in every possible case of an obstacle, that too in any stage of the process.
Why Us?
We take full responsibility for this project from making the visa application until you achieve what you desired for – the UK visa. Our crew of experienced consultants and legal team will help you cross the English Channel comfortably. Nothing comes for free in the modern world and thus applicants will be charged with a reasonable rate of commission once they receive the visa. Dream, and make them into reality…!! | 5,823 | 2,743 | 12,225.540284 |
warc | 202143 | If you can introduce more fish to your diet wanted more variety instead of just meat and veg or hotdogs. Things like homemade fish pie are just great dish but furthermore a healthy option for those family.
The fifth area that you help you benefit achieving your rock star body is your mental focus. Are these all in an acquisition that you think is really? Maybe not. You might the area that you think one is the most important based on your personal physical goals, but this last area, your mental attitude, head over matter philosophy, is very important.
This nut is a very good source of fats for your body and high Keto Guidelines protein. Almonds can provide in dished whilst you’re on a busy schedule at work or just out and approximately. A cup of almonds incorporates a whopping 30g of protein, 71.4g of fat and 27.8g of carbohydrates.
We should take a moment and speak about a variety myths around the Ketogenic Diet and whether preserving the earth . healthy long term. Our bodies can perform in hawaii of ketosis and Clean Cut Keto Review Cut Keto be healthy. This associated with ketosis is often a natural occurrence when consume is not using sugar and sugar and carbohydrates. The human body has no hassle operating in this state surely. In other words, it remains safe and secure to burn the physique!!
Before we into ho you can smash using your weight loss plateau it is important to determine if experience actually plateaued OR you might haven’t been following much better and/or workout program.
“Bargain Clothing is sort of a pushup bra, sometimes thrilling, sometimes disheartening, and ever present when you must use a pick me up. ” says noted author Jill Clean Cut Keto Ingredients in their own hot new book Avoid getting Caught utilizing your Skirt Down – A practical Girl’s Recession Guide.
In the end, I learned that eating small, frequent meals was necessary. I also learned that eating the lowest carbohydrate diet, and dieting high in fat, fiber and protein was yourrrre able to . to me being in a position to live a “normal” and active life again. It took a little bit for myself to alter. In the beginning my energy level were low and I’d get tired easily, creating a few weeks I had adjusted together with my new diet system down into a science.
Set reasonable and attainable goals. Like I said before, Clean Cut Keto Pills putting on fat is inevitable when you find yourself trying accomplish weight. Not every one of your gains can be muscle. But, your goal should be to limit fat gains while maximizing muscle revenues. If you gain 10 lbs, but only 4 lbs of which might be fat, I would personally call than a resounding attaining your goal. | 2,729 | 1,447 | 5,044.972357 |
warc | 202143 | Undocumented Immigrants in Higher Education: A Preliminary Analysis
by Lisa D. Garcia & William G. Tierney - 2011
Background/Context: Undocumented immigrant postsecondary students are an understudied group on American campuses. The authors suggest that increased national attention on the topic of undocumented immigration warrants an in-depth study of a small subset of the larger undocumented population—college students.
This article pertains to the challenges that undocumented immigrant college students encounter. We first offer background on one of the least studied groups in higher educationundocumented students. We then consider the challenges these students face by way of a yearlong qualitative study that involved interviews and observations with 40 students and 5 educators knowledgeable about undocumented students. The students attended a variety of postsecondary institutions, largely public institutions in California. We call on social capital theory to analyze the data, and offer two themes that arose from the research project. Our purpose in this article is modest in its scope: We intend to shed light on a little-investigated group of individuals. We begin with a discussion of undocumented college students and the major challenges they face while earning their postsecondary degrees. The studys results are framed by a social capital theoretical framework that highlights how individual students and institutions may or may not facilitate postsecondary educational goals. Before proceeding to the data, we discuss the methodology employed throughout the duration of the study. Finally, we offer suggestions for future research on the population.
FRAMING UNDOCUMENTED STUDENTS
Undocumented immigrant postsecondary students are an understudied group on American campuses. As Rodriguez and Cruz (2009) noted, Few studies have been undertaken to consider the specific issue of the transition to college of undocumented immigrant students (p. 2401). By undocumented, we mean individuals residing in the United States who are not U.S. citizens, who do not hold current permanent resident visas, or who have not been granted permission under a set of specific authorized temporary statuses for longer-term residence and work (Passel & Cohn, 2009, p. vi); in many cases, such individuals have resided in the United States for much, if not most, of their lives, and came here as infants and young children with their parents. A recent study published by the Pew Hispanic Center estimates that there are approximately 11.9 million undocumented immigrants living in the United States; about half of these individuals live in four statesCalifornia, Texas, Florida, and New York (Passel & Cohn). There are 1.5 million unauthorized
Besides basic demographic information, relatively little is known about those unauthorized immigrants who pursue a college education (Abrego, 2006). What we do know is that the vast majority of these individuals have attended primary and secondary schools in the United States. Of the undocumented individuals 1824 years of age who completed high school, 49% are in college or have attended college (Passel & Cohn, 2009). Among unauthorized high school graduates aged 1824 who arrived at age 14 or older, only 42% are in college or have attended college, compared with 61% who arrived before age 14. The unauthorized status of these students and the accompanying difficulties with studying a largely underground population complicate attempts to conduct in-depth analysis of this group.
National and state data pertaining to undocumented immigrants remain imperfect. Previous estimates set the number of undocumented immigrants who have lived in the United States for 5 years or longer and who graduate from high school each year at approximately 65,000 (Passel, 2003). This group makes up the potential beneficiaries of the federal Development, Relief, and Education for Alien Minors (DREAM) Act. The DREAM Act is proposed federal legislation that would allow states to charge undocumented immigrants in-state tuition and would provide a multistep path to citizenship for some residents who were brought to the United States illegally as children. Eligible students would have to fulfill certain education or military commitments.
Batalova and Fix (2006) estimated that the laws enactment would potentially make 360,000 unauthorized high school graduates aged 1824 eligible for conditional status. Given the higher percentage of undocumented college students entering the country before the age of 14, it is likely that many of these same students qualify for the reduced in-state academic fees in the 10 states that offer such benefits to unauthorized students (National Immigration Law Center, 2009; Passel & Cohn, 2009). However, in some states, proof of citizenship or legal residency is required to attend college, and in others, undocumented students mostly qualify for out-of-state tuition (Rincon, 2008).
Although basic demographic information is available, we know very little about the lives of undocumented students when they attend college (Rincon, 2008). Quantitative studies of undocumented students highlight the persistence and academic resilience of students (e.g., Flores & Chapa, 2009; Perez, Espinoza, Ramos, Coronado, & Cortes, 2009). Although such studies are useful in painting broad strokes of undocumented college student experiences, they do not provide the details about how matriculation actually occurs. Other scholars (e.g., Abrego, 2006, 2008; Gildersleeve, 2010; Gonzales, 2007, 2009; Perez, 2009; Perez Huber, 2009) have conducted qualitative interviews and observations, seeking to understand students experiences living in the shadows of society while simultaneously pursuing postsecondary education goals. These accounts provide a more nuanced description of undocumented students experiences. What we focus on in this article is some of the daily challenges that undocumented students face when pursuing a postsecondary education.
CONNECTING THE RESEARCH TO THE STUDY POPULATION
For the purposes of this article, we paid particular attention to three primary challenges that undocumented students encounter while pursuing a college education. These issuesfinancial obstacles, academic preparation, and perceptions of belongingprovide background for the study results as well as how we approached the research process from conception to presentation of results.
FINANCIAL OBSTACLES
The financial situation of most unauthorized students is comparable to that of low-income college students. Perna (2005) explained that low-income students are particularly conscious of the human, economic, and social costs involved in the decision to go to college; these costs include forgone earnings and leisure time as well as direct college costs. Because of apprehensions and perceptions regarding college, low-income students are less likely to apply to college, with an almost 30% gap between enrollment of high- and low-income students (Gladieux & Swail, 1999). Low-income undocumented students are less likely to pursue a higher education because of the perceived and actual costs; they are not particularly confident that they will see a return on investment. For those students who are either documented or U.S. citizens, these concerns are usually countered by access to comprehensive financial aid, campus employment opportunities, and alternative funding. These three forms of funding, which are instrumental in increasing college access for low-income, first-generation students, are not as readily available, if at all, to unauthorized students.
Low-income students usually receive financial support for college attendance. Higher levels of financial aid generally correlate with higher college enrollment rates for these students (Heller, 1999; Kane, 1999; St. John, 2006). Undocumented students are ineligible for federal and state financial aid and most scholarships because legal residency or citizenship is a prerequisite for qualification (Perez et al., 2009). The 1996 Illegal Immigration Reform and Immigrant Responsibility Act (IIRIRA) prohibits states from offering higher education benefits to undocumented students without offering the same benefits to U.S. citizens and permanent and temporary legal residents. IIRIRA does not constitute a federal ban on undocumented students attending college. Rather, the legislation restricts what individual states can do to make higher education more accessible to unauthorized students, in the form of financial aid and in-state academic fees. Financing postsecondary education without traditional financial aid resources is a significant undertaking for undocumented college students (Gonzales, 2007, 2009). Without access to financial aid, many students do not consider higher education a realistic goal and instead opt to pursue low-paying jobs in which immigration status is not closely monitored (Hermes, 2008).
Employment restrictions on undocumented immigrants further complicate a students financial conundrum. Most unauthorized college students do not have legal permission to work in the United States. Even if students secure employment to help finance their education before and/or during college, jobs are usually off campus, low paying, and concentrated in the service industry (Hermes, 2008; Perez et al., 2009; Suárez-Orozco & Suárez-Orozco, 2001). Saving enough money to pay full academic fees in four-year institutions, as well as paying for books, transportation, and living expenses, is a significant task for many college-bound unauthorized students.
Finally, requirements of citizenship or immigration documentation for alternative fundingunauthorized-friendly scholarships, stipends, and sponsorslimit the financial options of undocumented students. Securing alternative funding for college attendance is critical for a low-income student paying out of pocket for college. Often, students discover their legal status during the college application process; this relatively late revelation of ones status can inhibit securing alternative funding sources in a timely manner (National Immigration Law Center, 2009). Even students who are aware of their status are disadvantaged because alternative funding sources are limited and usually highly competitive (Madera et al., 2008). The result is that few students can rely on these funding sources to pay for college. Even those students originally bound for four-year institutions may opt for enrollment in two-year institutions because of reduced costs (Hermes, 2008). Enrolling in a two-year college creates another hurdle; some scholars believe that beginning a postsecondary education at a two-year institution decreases a students chances of obtaining a bachelors degree (Shaw, 1997). Financing a college education with little or no money is overwhelming for the majority of unauthorized students (Gonzales, 2009).
ACADEMIC PREPARATION
The academic preparation of unauthorized college students is another substantial obstacle in the journey toward an undergraduate degree. Competing with better prepared and better informed students is challenging to undocumented students already burdened with trying to figure out how to pay for college. Attending low-performing schools, being a first-generation student, and facing personal obstacles are three hurdles that many undocumented students have to overcome in order to continue their education.
Undocumented students, like other low-income students, often attend low-performing, ethnically isolated schools located in concentrated pockets of urban inner-city communities (Gonzales, 2009; Teranishi & Briscoe, 2006). Violence is more prevalent in the schools and neighborhoods, distracting students from their academic studies (Abrego, 2006). These schools have less qualified teachers, offer fewer college preparation courses, and receive less funding. Low-performing schools are a primary reason that undocumented students, as low-income students, often graduate underprepared for the rigors of college-level coursework (Conway, 2009).
Attending low-performing and less rigorous schools has a negative impact on overall college readiness. Adelman (2006) pointed to the rigor of high school coursework as a leading indicator of college readiness at high school graduation. Students who lack strong English language skills are at a significant disadvantage in college compared with their well-prepared peers. This disadvantage is especially relevant for immigrant students, who are more likely to enroll in English as a second language courses in college (Casas-Frier & Hansen, 2006). Scholars also found that when students require significant remediation when they transition to college, they may be less inclined to spend the extra time preparing for college-level courses (Melguizo, Hagedorn, & Cypers, 2008). For unauthorized students, this situation is compounded by the fact that they largely do not receive financial assistance to take these extra remedial courses.
Many unauthorized college students are often the first in their families to attend college and are frequently the first with a high school degree (Gonzales, 2009; Perez et al., 2009). First-generation students rely more on institutional actors for critical college information because their families are less likely to provide college preparation information at home (Stanton-Salazar, 1997). Inner-city and low-performing high schools generally have fewer college-going networks among the student body, with staff and faculty focusing more on graduation rates, standardized testing, and truancy issues (Teranishi & Briscoe, 2006; Tierney & Venegas, 2006). Focusing on those factors rather than college access often contributes to low-income and first-generation students not receiving academic information about college in a timely manner. This situation is more severe for undocumented students because they are unable or hesitant to participate in some college preparation and mentoring programs as a result of their immigration status (Gonzales, 2009). First-generation undocumented college students thus often arrive at postsecondary institutions with less experience and knowledge and fewer resources to successfully matriculate in college.
Academic preparation during high school or even earlier is not always a linear trajectory for undocumented students. Some students experience a sense of despair during their educational careers and withdraw from school-related activities (Gonzalez, Plata, Garcia, Torres, & Urrieta, 2003; Suárez-Orozco & Suárez-Orozco, 2001); students no longer strive for academic and extracurricular distinctions, letting their grades fall and discontinuing their extracurricular activities. The realization that they may be unable to continue their education usually occurs during high school. They also begin to realize the problems they will encounter in society as undocumented adults. Such lapses in motivation frequently have deleterious effects on students abilities to prepare for and attend college. As a result, the students who suffer this malaise yet still make it to college report that they are often not as competitive and prepared for admission or funding opportunities because of their past withdrawal from academics (Suárez-Orozco & Suárez-Orozco).
PERCEPTIONS OF BELONGING
Much of the legitimacy and sense of belonging that undocumented students lose over time is directly related to the transition between K12 schooling and college enrollment. The
Feeling included as an undocumented student amid constant academic, personal, and financial obstacles is important to student success (Perez Huber, 2009). Individual feelings of inclusion are diminished as unauthorized students transition from a childhood with guaranteed K12 education to an adulthood with no educational guarantees. The coping mechanisms they develop to feel normal and legitimate are essential to their success as college students (Contreras, 2009; Perez et al., 2009; Perez Huber). For example, constant questioning of inclusion can begin when undocumented students are not able to drive because they do not have a drivers license or when they do not attend a school-sponsored trip that requires long-distance or international travel. Students may also have to answer questions from peers about why they attend a community college instead of a four-year institution, why they cannot go to a nightclub that requires identification for entry, or why they took a term off from school.
Scholars also highlight the importance of ethnic and racial minority students feeling included and welcomed in educational institutions as a prerequisite for student success (Contreras, 2009; Hurtado, Milem, Clayton-Pedersen & Allen, 1999; Solórzano, Allen, & Carroll, 2002). Ethnically and racially diverse students, faculty, and staff are indicators of a supportive environment for these students. For undocumented students who are also overwhelmingly ethnic and racial minorities, inclusion goes beyond diversity at the institutional level. Abrego (2008) explained that undocumented students feelings of inclusion on college campuses are constantly under threat because their immigration status is equivalent to illegality. Contreras (2009) described how some undocumented students have negative experiences with institutional staff members. For many students, their illegality translates into a vulnerable, inferior status within the larger society and among their college peers (Abrego, 2008; Olivas, 2009); even if they have a record of academic excellence, they still may feel that they do not have the same rights as U.S. citizens and documented immigrants to attend college.
Undocumented immigrants often live in the shadows of society because of the legal issues that accompany their illegal status (Chavez, 1998). Abrego (2008) explained that their status is a constant reminder that they [are] different, vulnerable, and considered suspect (p. 723) within their local and national communities. Even though they are long-standing members of the community, they are still considered outsiders by a national legal system that assigns different rights to citizens and aliens. Their status as undocumented immigrants amounts to a life of official exclusion from the political and social environments they inhabit (Abrego, 2008; Olivas, 2009; Seif, 2004).
Perceptions of feeling unwelcome in society overwhelm many undocumented immigrants (Perez Huber, 2009; Perry, 2006). Feelings of difference and being an outsider accompany immigrants fear of deportation, isolation, and depression (Contreras, 2009; Dozier, 1993; Perez, 2009; Perez et al., 2009; Perry). Isolation from the larger community limits contact with individuals and organizations in a position to assist unauthorized students with accomplishing their goals. In the case of low-income and first-generation students, relationships with peers are especially critical because they lack other social relationships and resources that foster successful college matriculation (Dennis, Phinney, & Chuateco, 2005; Stanton-Salazar & Dornbusch, 1995).
Some undocumented college students modify their academic and social activities to minimize the possibility of being identified as unauthorized by school officials or law enforcement (Perez, 2009). Refraining from communal social activities limits the opportunities of these students to make friends and contacts, people who can possibly assist with educational plans. Feelings of inclusion in the community are critical to helping undocumented students bridge networks of people and resources that may assist with their educational goals.
RESEARCH QUESTIONS
Given the challenges that many unauthorized students face, we decided to investigate the lives of 40 students to see how these and other issues affect their educational goals. What is largely absent from existing literature on undocumented students is an inventory of the daily struggles and challenges that students face in college. Throughout the study, we were guided by three primary research questions: (1) How do the formal educational experiences of unauthorized college students affect their postsecondary education goals? (2) How do undocumented students attend college on a daily basis (e.g., transportation, finances, studying, employment, support networks)? (3) What role does social, political, and economic support play in unauthorized students success in college? What actually constitutes support?
In what follows, we first delineate the theoretical lens we use in addressing these questions and analyzing these students daily lives. We then outline the method employed in the provisional study.
SOCIAL CAPITAL AND UNDOCUMENTED STUDENTS
Social capital is a framework that enables individuals and groups to accomplish particular goals through network development. As Warren, Thompson, and Saegert (2001) succinctly noted, Social capital refers to the set of resources that inhere in relationships of trust and cooperation between people (p. 1). The underlying assumption is that networks and group affiliations are likely to have positive benefits that result in the acquisition of social capital. The use of the word
Along with classic, human, and cultural capital, social capital theory provides researchers with another lens by which to examine individuals varying success in obtaining surplus value and returns. The theorys application to social, economic, and political problems generally yields a resounding conclusion: Relationships matter. Adler and Kwon (2002) offered a general definition of social capital that resonates with how social capital is conceptualized across fields. They defined social capital as the goodwill that is engendered by the fabric of social relations and that can be mobilized to facilitate action (p. 17).
Social capital is the investment in social networks as well as in mutual recognition and acknowledgment. Implicit in these networks of social relations is the overall value to a network member. Knowing many people does not create quality social capital. Rather, quality social capital is dependent on the strength and quantity of the human, cultural, economic, and social capital that individuals within a network possess and access over a lifetime (Kim & Schneider, 2005).
Social capital theory is one way to understand how individuals and networks interact within a specific social structure. The theory explores how individuals access resources through social relationships, and which types of relationships and resources are most conducive to building social capital. Therefore, the unit of analysis can be at both the individual and group levels. Education researchers are interested in applying the theory to understand how individual students social relationships and resources affect their academic trajectories within educational institutions. The views of sociologists Pierre Bourdieu and James Coleman are useful in conceptualizing how structural and individual inequalities may influence undocumented students abilities to pursue educational goals.
PIERRE BOURDIEUS BRIDGING SOCIAL CAPITAL
Pierre Bourdieu became involved in social capital theory by way of his interest in the foundations of social order. As an extension of the social order, Bourdieu posited that economic, cultural, and social capital were grounded in the larger theories of social reproduction, and symbolic power and goods previously outlined by Karl Marx, Emile Durkheim, and Max Weber. Bourdieu (1986) defined social capital as the aggregate of the actual or potential resources which are linked to possession of a durable network of more or less institutionalized relationships of mutual acquaintance and recognition (p. 248). Membership in a particular network allows an individual to claim resources that are held collectively by the group. Bourdieu also explained that the size of the network determines the volume of social capital possessed by an individual. Further, the social obligations and connections contained within networks are at times convertible into economic capital. The point we shall make is that undocumented students are particularly unnetworked with regard to facilitating transitions to college. To be sure, they may have familial networks, but in general, such networks do not help first-generation college-goers with the transition to college.
According to Portes (1998), Bourdieus concept of social capital can be reduced to two primary elements: (a) the social relationship that allows an individual to claim the resources of his or her network associates, and (b) the quantity and quality of those network resources. In part, it is through social capital that individuals have access to other types of capitalnamely economic and cultural capital. Capital also begets capital so that a linear relationship does not exist, but the accumulation in one domain may facilitate accumulation in another. That is, individuals who are economically wealthy may well have access to social networks that enable the creation of social capital, and so on. Academics, however, may not be economically wealthy, but their accumulation of cultural capital may enable them to form networks as well. Our point here is that these forms of capital are constantly interacting with one another in a manner that Bourdieu suggests privileges some and marginalizes others. In minimizing access to capital, the dominant class secures its commanding position within society (Lin, 1999; Portes, 1998).
Bourdieus (1986) concept of social capital requires a constant stream of interactions and exchanges on the part of network members. Further, he believes that social capital is an asset of the privileged classes in society.
JAMES COLEMANS BONDING SOCIAL CAPITAL
James Coleman, an American sociologist, came to contribute to social capital theory by way of his research on educational attainment in American communities. Unlike Bourdieu, Coleman strongly believes that social capital is not limited to the powerful in society. Rather, individuals of all socioeconomic backgrounds access and build social capital during the course of their lives. Coleman (1990) stated that social capital
constitutes a particular kind of resource available to an actor. Social capital is defined by its function. It is not a single entity but a variety of different entities, with two elements in common: they all consist of some aspect of social structures, and they facilitate certain actions of actorswhether persons or corporate actorswithin the structure. (p. S98)
Coleman (1988) believes that social capital consists of norms and social control. Thus, social capital is intangible, embodied in the relations among people, and takes three primary forms: levels of trust as evidenced by obligations, expectations, and trustworthiness of structures; information channels; and norms and sanctions that promote the common good over self-interest (Coleman, 1988, 1990; Dika & Singh, 2002).
Coleman, like Bourdieu, emphasized the importance of social networks in his version of social capital theory. An area of departure for Coleman (1988, 1990) is his particular attention to what he labeled intergenerational closureparents knowing the parents of their children's friends. Scholars believe that social closure is particularly important to social capital building in educational settings. For instance, the networks connecting the parents of adolescent classmates and friends facilitate effective norms like high school completion and college attendance (Dika & Singh, 2002). These effective norms facilitate or inhibit certain behaviors and actions, restricting an individuals actions for the sake of the public, communal good (Coleman, 1990).
In comparison with Bourdieus bridging social capital, Colemans social capital is conceptualized as bonding (Adler & Kwon, 2002). Bonding focuses on the collectivitys characteristics and internal structurethe linkages among individuals or groups within the collectivity and, specifically, in those features that give the collectivity cohesiveness and thereby facilitate the pursuit of collective goals (Adler & Kwon, p. 21). Coleman (1990) also argued that structures, like voluntary organizations, produce both intentional and unintentional social capital. The forms of social capital that provide reciprocal benefits for a lifetime generally fall within family, clan, and community relationships. Hence, it is the familys primary responsibility to adopt certain norms conducive to advancing their childrens quality of life.
APPLYING SOCIAL CAPITAL TO EDUCATIONAL OUTCOMES
Examples of social capital are resources developed within a network of relationships of mutual acquaintances. An elite private high school is an example of an organization that has multiple opportunities for individuals to acquire social capital. In these circumstances, students participate with one another in an array of college preparation activities. Visits with ones peers to cultural entities such as museums or the theater will be commonplace. Opportunities to visit historical and cultural landmarks and to travel abroad are frequently part of the norm rather than once-in-a-lifetime events. Parents of the students most likely have attended college, and discussions about which college to attend upon graduation will occur. Ones siblings will attend college. The school will sponsor field trips to visit colleges and universities, and the teachers will be versed on what students need to know in college and how best to prepare them. Summer employment will be education focused and geared toward learning opportunities. All these examples lend themselves to social capital development. What participants in such a school see as the norm and implicit may be entirely absent, or an exception, in a low-income school.
In a low-income school, for example, the opposite scenario is easy to draw. If college preparation begins at all, it will occur in senior year, when a single college counselor will try to help 800 students choose and apply to college. Students may not know anyone in their neighborhood or family who has attended college. Summer employment will be some form of physical labor, such as in a grocery store to earn money to help out the family. Visits to museums and other cultural locales will be absent from ones activities. Classes will not cover college material, and discussions about what college is about or what professors expect from students will be largely absent.
Obviously, social and economic capital are interrelated. The development of one is likely to facilitate the acquisition of the other. The social capital that a student acquires in high school, for example, may not make the individual economically wealthier, but the networks that have been created will enable the student to attend a prestigious postsecondary institution that in turn will facilitate additional network enhancement and the eventual acquisition of well-paying employment. Attending a private high school such as the one in the previous example requires economic capital. Economic capital provides access to a variety of goods, services, and related physical and symbolic commodities. There is, of course, not always a direct relationship. A professors children may be rich in social capital, but not economic capital. A professional baseball player may be economically wealthy but have very little social capital. Portes (1998) is worth quoting here:
Whereas economic capital is in people's bank accounts and human capital is inside their heads, social capital inheres in the structure of their relationships. To possess social capital, a person must be related to others, and it is those others, not himself, who are the actual source of his or her advantage. (p. 7)
Accordingly, social capital should not be seen as a singular act; simply visiting a museum will be beneficial to an individual, but for the accumulation of social capital to occur, the individual has to be involved with other individuals over time, such that a network develops and is maintained. Consequently, in low-income schools where an event occurs that is an exception to the norm, the event itself may be of worth, but it is not an example of social capital development.
Membership in a group has social obligations that provide benefits to the individual, such as a credential or contacts that can be used in the future (Tierney, 2006). Consider, for example, membership in a country club. An economic cost is involved with regard to fees and yearly dues. Members commonly point out that the cost is worth it because the individual gains entrée to a pleasant place to socialize, have dinner, and play golf. From the perspective advanced here, however, the more important aspects of such a membership are the interactions that take place among members. A member has certain obligations, such as adhering to a dress code and norms of behavior, but in turn, the individual will be in an exclusive network that increases his or her social capital.
Networks also are frequently multiple and overlapping. Individuals who are in a country club may have attended similar universities, participated in the same fraternity or sorority, or frequented the same restaurants and cultural events. Overlapping networks strengthen and extend the social capital of the individual. Bourdieu (1986) looked at such network development and concluded that social capital is a primary explanation of how inequality flourishes. He argued that memberships are exclusionary and not only provide avenues for wealth creation but also serve as barriers to equality. Such memberships create group solidarity that in turn facilitates social reproduction. Those who are in such networks acquire greater resources, and those who do not must do without. Bourdieu was particularly good at pointing out the dynamic nature of social capital. Rather than a static notion of social capital that does not change over time, Bourdieu considered how networks develop such that the social relations of power and inequality get reproduced. Students in wealthy schools, for example, are able to take Advanced Placement (AP) courses with one another that facilitate their entrance to and graduation from elite institutions. When criticism is lodged that low-income students do not have access to AP courses, the system responds by creating such classes; in turn, AP is downgraded in import, and other activities take on importance.
Such an analysis is particularly useful with regard to undocumented youth. We suggest that those who are most politically, socially, and educationally disempowered, such as undocumented youth, have the potential for agency, but the conditions for empowerment need to be aided by social organizations such as educational institutions. Accordingly, we employ social capital as an analytic tool that has the ability to help combat the challenges that undocumented youth face. Social capital itself, obviously, does not alleviate poverty, but it can leverage investment in human and cultural capital.
Current configurations about those who are most dispossessed in general employ one of two assumptions with regard to social capital: Either those who do not have social capital lack the moral or intellectual resolve to do what needs to be done to acquire capital, or the structure of societal power has made it impossible for them to build networks. Although both assumptions differ in beliefs about the individual, the result is the samethe individual will not acquire social and, hence, economic, capital.
However, those who are poor have many networks in their livesfamilies, social and fraternal organizations, and churches, to name but a few. African Americans in a rural community, for example, frequently share a history, tradition, and an identity (Warren et al., 2001). The type of network in which one resides obviously provides different sources of support. The challenge is to enable those who are poor to have access to network development that facilitates a path out of poverty. As opposed to an individual approach that suggests that an individual needs to pull himself or herself up from the bootstraps, and if the individual does not, then he or she is to blame, the framework we advance here argues that individuals have the potential to exist in networks that enable the acquisition of social capital, but in low-income communities, those networks need to be consciously created and fostered; insofar as they are not part of the norms of an organizations culture, such networks will not organically occur as they would in wealthy organizations such as private elite boarding schools. We now turn to a discussion regarding our research method.
METHOD
Qualitative research methods provided the basis for in-depth knowledge about the struggles that undocumented college students face in pursuing their academic goals. A subject such as undocumented college students experiences was suitable for qualitative examination because the underlying purpose of the investigation is to understand the experiences of these individuals, and little is known about them. We wanted students to be able to present their stories as a set of relationships and events that were complicated and transitory (Rubin & Rubin, 1995).
Our positions as U.S.-born investigators produced an insider/outsider dynamic among student interviewees (Merriam et al., 2001); we were outsiders requesting an insiders view into how students lived their academic lives. Accordingly, we designed the study to maximize repeated interactions with students so that they might gain a sense of what we were attempting to do, and we might have a more fulsome understanding of the contours of their lives.
STUDY PARTICIPANTS
Because unauthorized students remain largely hidden on their respective campuses because of their undocumented status (Abrego, 2008; Negron-Gonzalez, 2009), we developed a snowball sample (Salganik & Heckathorn, 2004; Watters & Biernacki, 1989). Snowball sampling is a technique for developing a research sample in which existing study subjects suggest future subjects from among their acquaintances and contacts. This sampling technique is often used in studying populations such as undocumented immigrants. We started recruiting student interviewees with the assistance of a few undocumented students whom we knew. They introduced us to undocumented students attending their universities, which in turn connected us to unauthorized college students around the state.
Student participants had to fulfill certain requirements. They needed to be: (a) undocumented immigrants, (b) aged 18 or older, and (c) attending a postsecondary institution. All 40 interviewees spent part of their adolescence in Southern California, arriving in the United States as young as 3 months old and as old as 17 years (see Table 1). A total of 72% of the students have lived in the United States for at least a decade, and 15% arrived just in time to start high school. Only one student did not qualify for reduced in-state academic fees via California Assembly Bill 540 (AB 540)
We also included in the study 5 educational professionals who regularly worked with unauthorized students at the secondary and postsecondary levels. The professionals did not necessarily work with the students we interviewed, although a few advised some of the student interviewees. One participant was an experienced high school college counselor working at a high school with several enrolled undocumented students. Another informant was a community college counselor who served as the adviser to the campuss undocumented student support group. Two study participants were senior administrators at the CSU and UC campuses. The fifth educational professional had experience working with undocumented students at UC and CSU, and worked as a director of outreach at a private university. These professionals provided perspective on the challenges that undocumented students face. In particular, they described the institutional obstacles that students encounter while pursuing their education and provided comparisons with non-undocumented students.
DATA COLLECTION AND PROCEDURE
Individual interviews, observations, and document analysis were the primary methods employed throughout data collection. Each of the 40 students and 5 educational professionals participated in one semistructured interview during the 20082009 academic year. We used the same respective interview protocol for all these primary interviews (see Appendixes A and B). These interviews aimed to get to know students educational experiences since they arrived in the United States, focusing on their postsecondary preparation and matriculation. Each interview lasted approximately 1 hour, was conducted by the authors in a location convenient to the participants, and audio-recorded when granted permission by study participants. All but 4 student interviewees agreed to be recorded during their interviews. We also took notes during these interviews that were later paired with the transcribed interviews.
We conducted informal secondary interviews with 12 students who we believed were representative of the sample in terms of gender, ethnic background, and institution attended. These students met us either in person or spoke to us over the phone if they were unavailable to meet in person. These interviews lasted between a half hour and 1 hour and focused on issues and themes that emerged from their own primary interview or the interviews of others. For example, we noticed that several students discussed how the time spent on public transportation had a significant effect on their academic lives. Thus, during all the secondary interviews, we inquired about transportation issues.
Follow-up individual and group student observations were conducted between January 2009 and June 2009. Because many students were recruited by making presentations to local campus undocumented student support groups, we had the opportunity to observe many of the study participants at their respective campuses. We observed undocumented student club meetingstwo meetings each at two different CSU campuses, two meetings at two different CCC campuses, and two meetings at one UC campus during the academic year. Our intent was to observe not only the kinds of issues that were discussed in these meetings, but also how individuals interacted with one another and with whom. Of the 40 students we interviewed, 16 students8 CCC, 6 CSU, and 2 UCagreed for one of us to meet them individually on their respective campuses, where we also shadowed them over the course of a day. The purpose of the observations with students over the course of a day was to come to terms with how they spent their time and with whom. We commented about the importance of networking; one purpose of the observations was to analyze the networks and individuals with whom they came into contact.
We took written or digitally recorded observational field notes during observations when appropriate for the setting and context. When not appropriate, we took field notes immediately after the observation. We ate lunch with students, attended classes when available, and studied with students during their breaks. Much of the out-of-class observation time spent with students also involved casual conversation about their coursework, jobs, families, and social lives. In some cases, the observation was passive; we observed a class or a campus club meeting. In other cases, the observation was active; we helped staff the table at the on-campus bake sale fundraiser event or discussed graduate school options with participants over lunch. Observations provided the opportunity for us to view undocumented students experiences as both an insider and outsider simultaneously (Spradley, 1980) and to see the networks in which they were involved (or not).
We also reviewed all relevant documents concerning students attending California public institutions. Documents included the most recent UC AB 540 report (University of California, 2010) and a CSU AB 540 resource guide for postsecondary staff and faculty members (California State University, Long Beach, 2009). One of the more difficult challenges for studying this population is gaining an accurate understanding of what often seems to be the simplest points of departure for studying other populationshow many students exist, where they go to college, how many drop out, and the like.
DATA ANALYSIS
Throughout data analysis, the primary goal was to find connections in what individual students and institutional agents said about undocumented immigrant students. Data were coded according to themes that emerged from the primary and secondary interviews, group and individual observations, and document analysis. By comparing common themes, an image of the groups college-going experience emerged. We also concentrated on the circumstances that shaped students college-going attitudes and actions. Appendix C provides a sample of coded interview data. The constant comparative method, which allows the researcher to collect and analyze data simultaneously, was employed for all data analysis (Boeije, 2002; Glaser & Strauss, 1967). After the collection of an initial set of data, we identified codes and themes that emerged. We then collected more data and repeated the process, coding data in relation to previously collected data. The goal was to reach theoretical saturationthe point at which new data fit into existing categories.
Ensuring trustworthiness of the studys findings was addressed via member checks, peer debriefing, triangulation, and prolonged engagement throughout the data collection and analysis processes. We collected and transcribed all the data ourselves. We coded all the data to ensure consistency of the codes as well as flexibility when we modified codes to reflect new data, new themes, and responses from the member checks. We conducted member checks with the informants three times during the study. One interviewed institutional agent and five students reviewed two sample-coded transcripts for accuracy and consistency. We then met as a group to discuss any questions and inconsistencies and settle any disagreements. From this discussion, we again made changes to the coding scheme. The same institutional agent and three different students were later asked to review two sample-coded transcripts halfway during data analysis and provide individual feedback via e-mail. At the end of data analysis, we sent a summary of the findings to one institutional agent and five students for review and feedback.
Besides member checks, we also asked two academic peers who did not participate in the study for their feedback on findings throughout the study. These researchers had published articles on the same student population and were familiar with their challenges and realities. Finally, triangulationthe process of employing multiple methods, sources, and researchersprovided us with another layer of study trustworthiness over a 10-month period of prolonged engagement with study participants during the 20082009 academic year.
RESULTS
The process of welcoming undocumented immigrants into, preparing them for, and fully incorporating them into postsecondary education poses a difficult problem for institutions where students legal status is central to how they view themselves and to how others view them. Although most low-income students face issues pertaining to the accumulation of social capital in college, undocumented students face particular hurdles insofar as many normal avenues are foreclosed. As we shall discuss, two issues in particularrelationships and financeare framed by the absence of available networks for social capital.
RELATIONSHIPS AND THE EDUCATIONAL EXPERIENCE
A CSU freshman explained how her relationship with her high school college counselor was key to her deciding to attend college. She commented,
I got really close to one of my college counselors and he was the one who told me that I could push forward. He told me that it was going to be hard and he was with me for all four years. He told me what to do [to prepare for college].
A CSU senior told a similar story about her own high school college counselor. After explaining to her college counselor that she was undocumented in the beginning of 10th grade, he walked her through the college application process:
My college counselor put me into college prep and AP courses. He pushed me into activities and all of this other stuff. He told me to apply to scholarships since I was in my situation. Thats when he got me thinking about the reality of things. . . . My college counselor helped me figure out the plan for me to go to college.
In this students case, the relationship with her counselor did not end at high school graduation. She worked in the college center part time for three years until the counselor left the school site. He paid her cash out of his own wages for her work in the center. During that time, her counselor continued to work with her on locating funding for her college education and maximizing her academic opportunities. She credited her ability to attend a four-year institution and finish a bachelors degree in four years to his long-term involvement. Their close relationship provided both bonding and bridging social capital in that her counselor presented her with opportunities to raise money for her education both inside (bonding) and outside (bridging) her existing social network.
High school staff and faculty members not only academically and emotionally supported students college goals, but they also often personally helped fund their educations. A UC senior benefited from the financial support of her high school principal. She developed a close relationship with him during ninth grade. After gaining admission to several UC campuses during 12th grade, she decided not to attend college. Confused, her principal pushed her for a reason why she was not attending college. She explained her immigration status, and he immediately established a $2,000 scholarship fund for her to attend the local community college. Businesses and donors later contributed to the fund. As she noted four years later, That was a really big deal because it showed me that there was an investment put into my education. Someone actually wants me to do this. This administrator provided this student with bridging resources available outside her high school in the larger business community to assist with paying for school.
Other students also explained how teachers and counselors helped pay for college applications, registration fees, books, and even medical fees. A CSU sophomore received money from past teachers to pay for her annual eye exams and prescription lenses. She knew that without the corrective lenses, she would not have been able to continue her studies. The interviewed community college counselor who advised his campuss undocumented student group explained that counselors and faculty often took up collections for unauthorized students medical and academic needs. He cited an example of a recent collection for a students emergency eye surgery. The high school college counselor who worked with unauthorized students commented that each year, he helped a few students with college application fees. If they dont have papers, they often cannot get fee waivers. Some of us teachers and counselors help when we can.
The norm, however, is that when students reach college, their ability to find similar sorts of individuals is constrained by their legal status. The students just mentioned were able to build a relationship with a college counselor, teacher, or even principal, however, such interactions are less common in college, especially at four-year institutions.
I never tell anyone I am undocumented. I dont look Hispanic so no one ever thinks I am even an immigrant, commented a first-year community college student.
No one knows. . . . No one needs to know . . . because no one can help me or anything, added a UC junior.
Technically, the school knows . . . but I never tell my friends at school. This is not California . . . [and] I have to tell people all the time that I am American . . . born in California even though I am Mexican, said a first-year student studying in the Midwest.
Students also do not have opportunities to easily create networks. This was particularly prevalent at the large public institutions where the majority of students attended. The classes are so big. I am shy . . . my English is . . . still not good, said a community college student originally from South Korea. She added, At high school, I was part of the animation club. I helped at the library . . . [and] Key Club, too. It was easy to make friends. In college, I take bus back and forth. I am so tired. In college, this student was unable to access similar sources of bonding capital through social involvement with peers that she had accessed while attending high school. A third-year UC student painted a different picture, but nonetheless still similar:
I [now] carpool . . . with my best friend so I spend a lot of time with her . . . I am a math major so my classes were really big. The classes [in my freshman and sophomore years] were real early. My commute was about three hours then. Bus and train. I never saw them in office hours. Those were on different days and late in the afternoon . . . I had to leave to get on the bus.
Another UC student echoed the same sentiments about getting to know faculty members at large institutions. The bus takes forever. . . . Its two hours [each way] on a good day. I sleep in the library between classes. A first-year CSU engineering student described one of the professors he got to know:
Hes an engineering professor. I had never met an actual Hispanic that had a doctors degree. Hes the first immigrant, Hispanic professor. He was able to get his doctors degree. That was inspiring. He has that Hispanic picture persona . . . he has an accent. He looks ethnic but he has the high status.
This student identified with this professor, however, his contact with him was limited because of conflicting course and teaching schedules, respectively. Another community college student added, I take literature classes. The professor[s] arent good. I just go and turn in the work. I miss class always . . . I dont talk to them.
Some students, however, were able to form relationships. A premed UC student said, Its all because of the connections I have with this faculty member . . . that I even have a shot of being a competitive applicant for medical school. She has introduced me to a lot of people that help. This type of bridging capital served this student well as she was seriously pursuing admission to medical school because she was confident her contacts would continue to help her finance her education. Such comments, however, were rare. More common were observations by a UC senior:
[My mom and I] were downtown one day. There was a man selling fruit. He was arrested and INS came and it was this huge scandal. I said to myself that I didnt want that. I dont want to live like that. Even though this man and I shared the same status, I just didnt want to live like this. This is so unjust. This is a man just trying to make a living. I didnt want to be treated like that . . . I was always careful about who I told.
This student shared her immigration status with only a couple of trusted institutional agents because she and her mother feared deportation. A community college student described her status as scary. She wondered aloud, Whats going to happen to me when they arrest me one day? Another community college student declined to be taped during the interview. I am very careful. No tape.
As with all students, undocumented students rely on information for their successful transition to postsecondary education. However, information specific to their needs is hard to come by in large part because of the lack of relationships they have relative to college-going and their immigration status. They are not eligible to apply for state and federal financial aid. In some cases, their college applications are cancelled because of their immigration status. Student and professional interviewees all expressed the need for relevant postsecondary admissions, financial, and student life information and programming.
A director of outreach at a private university worked with undocumented students for years at his current institution, UC, and CSU. He said, Financial aid is a mess. There is nothing for these students. . . . They need really good counselors in high school to help them find money if they want to move past community college. A student who recently transferred from a CSU campus 6 hours away to a CSU campus close to her parents explained her financial situation: My father helped when I went away. That was for a semester. I worked in the mall . . . [but] still ran out of money. I just came back home. I am looking for a job now. Another CSU student declared, I am glad that we have the AB 540. Its just mere crumbs from this society. It is the crumbs. . . . They just give us the crumbs.
Some students did not know about the in-state tuition break they qualified for through AB 540. Because of their lack of information, they either paid higher tuition or went to a lower cost institution. A UC senior who attended one of the highest performing public high schools in the region, for example, did not know about AB 540 until after high school, when her aunt heard about it on Spanish language radio. I didnt know anything about AB 540 until I was about to start community college. . . . If I had known, I would have applied to four-year schools. Two sisters enrolled at a UC campus and a community college, respectively. Neither knew about AB 540, and each paid out-of-state fees for one term. Two high school friends who attended the same community college did not find out about AB 540 until a college tour guide mentioned it. One explained, We were told to meet with a woman . . . who worked in admissions [about being undocumented]. Both students were disappointed to find out about it so late in their senior year; they would have considered other institutions if they had known about the benefits of AB 540.
All the educational professionals we interviewed were not surprised by the students lack of knowledge. The community college counselor explained,
There was this one student . . . a valedictorian from an area high school . . . who was sent down here by her [high school] counselor that I know. [The student] went to admissions and records and not to me. She came in May, before she graduated, and she was told that she was going to be an out-of-state student. No one asked her if she was an undocumented student.
A senior CSU administrator mentioned that training institutional staff and faculty on how to best advise and mentor undocumented students is a constant struggle. Knowing when to connect a student to someone outside the immediate campus community for help is difficult because students were likely not to trust individuals who were outside their social circle. She described the primary problems for unauthorized students:
The biggest challenges faced by undocumented students are that they are oblivious to the consequences. There is a general naïveté about the situation. . . . They think the money will be there. They dont consider the other expenses. . . . When they get to me, it may be too late. I cannot make their absences go away . . . or the bad grades because of the absences. . . . I cannot change a parents deportation order.
A community college student explained that she faked part of the process to get into college. . . . Its all been trial and error. She was prepared to go to college like any other first-generation, low-income student. However, when she found out she was undocumented during the 11th grade, she felt like she knew nothing about how to go to college. A recent CSU graduate described the college-going process for students like him: It is a constant struggle to get the most current information on the laws and the scholarships and all that stuff that affects you [as an undocumented student]. This student was aware that he needed help keeping up to date but still had problems finding the right people on his campus to help him connect with resources. Acquiring useful, timely social capital remained a constant challenge throughout his undergraduate education.
Many students did not know of their legal status until they started to apply for college. As one might expect, students were not in a position to have to present their social security numbers or discuss the particulars of their immigration to the United States with parents and relatives. For many students who had lived in the United States for the majority of their lives, the distinction between undocumented and documented was nonexistent. Because many of the students were members of mixed-status familiessiblings and/or parents were documented immigrants or U.S. citizensthey never questioned their own status.
It wasnt until I went to apply for college and my counselor gave me the information for how to apply. I went home and asked my mom for the information. My mom sat me down and told me that I didnt have these things that I was asking for. I just started to cry. I felt like I was given this new identity. At first I was angry. I was mean to my mom. I said things to my mom that I should not have said.
Students who immigrated when they were older often knew their status. They dealt with knowing that they were undocumented from a young age. An older community college student explained that he dropped out of high school like his other undocumented friends. I had no hope so I left. He later returned to night school and earned a GED before enrolling in community college. A community college student who emigrated from Armenia and a UC transfer student who emigrated from Central Asia struggled with staying focused on academics while in high school. Like the older community college student, they did not see the point of continuing with an education if they could not get a better job even though their parents held postsecondary degrees and encouraged education. Knowing their status early on was discouraging. During the interview, one student asked, Do you think it would have been better not to know?
Our point here has been that what is normal for many studentsthe development of relationships that provide support and information, as well as a reliance on institutional mechanisms designed to support first-generation and low-income studentsis usually missing among the students we interviewed. Rather than having a support structure to which they could turn, the students had to rely on themselves, or no one at all. Unlike high school, where they might have found someone who supported them, these students often experienced college as a series of instrumental activities that was disconnected from a support network. The result is that they frequently lacked information about various aspects of their academic lives. They often did not turn to institutional agents or programs for support because they were fearful of the consequences or were systematically denied access.
FINANCE AND THE EDUCATIONAL EXPERIENCE
The students and the educational professionals agreed that money is the most important factor in determining an undocumented students sustainability in the college setting. Paying for college without access to state and federal financial aid was a constant issue. The outreach director emphasized the role of money for undocumented college students. Its everything for them. Without a constant stream of money, these students cannot go to college. The community college counselor echoed the same concerns about the unauthorized students who participate in his campuss support group:
Unfortunately, some of them just drop out because they cant do it all. They still have to pay out of pocket . . . books, fees, and living expenses. They cant get any financial aid. We are lucky if we can provide them with a couple of hundred of dollars a year in scholarships. They do a good job of fundraising but there are just too many mouths to feed [and] not enough money to go around.
Although we do not disagree about the importance of money in the ability of undocumented students to attend college, the larger issue here pertains to the networks that students have foreclosed to them. For example, financial aid is critical for all low-income students. The difference between documented and undocumented students, however, is that those students who are documented have multiple networks that they can use to find out about how to pay for collegefinancial aid offices, admissions counselors, student development professionals, and the like. In addition, a host of scholarships are open for such students. The same cannot be said for those students who are undocumented.
The freshman at the Midwest liberal arts college recalled how she approached applying to college. She originally thought that she would start her college career at a local community college. However, her involvement in an intensive high school college preparation program prompted her to apply to private out-of-state institutions. With the help of her mentor, who had contacts with institutions that would overlook her immigration status, she secured two private scholarships that would pay all her academic fees and living expenses for four years. This would have never happened if [my mentor] didnt help me. He told me that there were some schools that would even pay for a student in my position, she explained. I wrote a letter to all of the private schools I applied to explaining my situation. I only did this because I trusted that [my mentor] knew what he was doing. This example of bridging social capital was out of the ordinary given that the majority of undocumented students had no feasible way of financing a private school education. The connections she made through her mentor were the only reason she could afford such an expensive institution.
Although some scholarships are available specifically to students who are undocumented, or the scholarships pointedly do not ask for ones residency status, the majority of students attending college paid on their own. An engineering student at a private university was an exception: [My] degrees were paid by scholarships I found and my department found for me. My university is really expensive so thats a lot of money. Other students received scholarships from their high schools, but it did not cover the entire cost of college. The result was that students needed to finance their education. Again, all poor students have financial concerns. Although we may debate the wisdom of students incurring debt to finance their college education, loans are largely impossible for undocumented students. Similarly, all poor students are likely to have college work-study available to them on their campuses. These jobs are specifically aimed at poor students, and a student simply needs to fill out forms to gain one. Such is not the case for students unable to get themselves into the financial aid system.
Consequently, many of our study participants found jobs in their local communities, which also was no easy task. Finding employers that would hire undocumented immigrants was critical and a large part of staying in the immediate area for school. I cant work on campus. I work for a Korean woman who pays cash . . . I work where the tourists go. . . . No one notices my accent, said a community college freshman from South Korea. A CSU junior explained,
I had a job for years cleaning a restaurant . . . I was cleaning the restaurant in the morning. . . . [With the new job] I now start work 3:00 a.m. to 7:30 a.m. or 8:00 a.m., six days a week. My sister and I work together cleaning. Now we get more than minimum wage. [Before] I was getting about $200 a week . . . I had to pay for the car, food, car insurance, cell phone, school. I contribute to the rent like everyone else. I would save about $25 a week. It wasnt that much. Now I can save more money. My sister can save, too. She goes to school here, too.
A few of the other students made the same point. A community college student, for example, said, My friends a DJ. I help him if he needs [help]. Its always late at night. Not good for school, but its money. Employment leads through preexisting relationships and networks repeatedly proved critical to students being able to raise money for school.
Another student had to drop out of CSU after his first term because of money. I was really upset. I got a 4.0 GPA that term. The next term he enrolled in the local community college, where he was pursuing his original academic major and a certificate in carpentry so he could find a better paying job in construction. I can make pretty good money with carpentry. [Contractors] always look for carpenters. A CSU sophomore worked downtown because immigrant-owned businesses there were more likely to hire someone with fake papers. They know that my papers are not real. But I am cheap for them. She paid for about half of her CSU fees with her earnings. A CSU senior landed an internship in a marketing department at an international media company the previous year. Its really hard to get into that without the documents. The money he earned helped pay his CSU tuition. All these students relied on employment opportunities that did not scrutinize their immigration status to fund their college education. Although their resourcefulness enabled them to attend college, unlike most other students, they had very few opportunities to develop networks.
DISCUSSION
Throughout the study, we were guided by three primary research questions: (1) How do the formal educational experiences of unauthorized college students affect their postsecondary education goals? (2) How do undocumented students attend college on a daily basis? (3) What role does social, political, and economic support play in unauthorized students success in college? Our purpose has been twofold. First, we aimed to shed light on the challenges that undocumented students face, and we employed the framework of social capital to analyze those struggles. We pointed out that unlike even their low-income counterparts, these students are particularly unnetworked. We know from previous research that even students who are part time or nonresidential are more likely to be retained if they feel some sort of relationship to the campuses they attend. From the interviews presented here, however, undocumented students appear to have created very few relationships. On the one hand, students hesitate to reveal something about themselves that might get them in trouble. On the other, very few offices on campus are available to meet the needs of these students.
As seen in research we have done on homeless youth (Tierney, Gupton, & Hallett, 2008), undocumented students face problems similar to all low-income studentslack of academic preparation, lack of college knowledge, and the likebut their experiences are also unique because of their immigration status. Ones legal status impacts an individuals ability to attach to groups that enhance his or her social capital and in turn presumably increase the potential for remaining in, and graduating from, college. If network development is key for being engaged in education, the interviews present troubling data. The conclusion is not simply that undocumented students appear unnetworked, but that they have few opportunities to establish networks because of their legal status and exclusion from institutional support resources designed for students in their situation.
Such an observation is of particular concern with regard to these students ability to pay for college. Again, gaining access to financial aid to pay for college is an issue for all students. But whereas legal students have particular networks open to them, and our challenge is to make these students aware of what networks exist and how to tap into them, such is not the case for undocumented youth. Insofar as virtually all traditional financial aid and college access networks are foreclosed to them, the work turns not on providing information about which networks to tap into, but how to obtain funds to pay for college from a largely underground economy.
Accordingly, efforts need to be placed on how to build and strengthen networks and create social bonds so that low-income unauthorized individuals develop the capacity to address their social conditions. Such a point is particularly germane with regard to undocumented youth. As we have demonstrated, not only are they unnetworked with regard to college access, but they also fear being involved in some networks because of their immigration status. In this light, social organizations such as schools, colleges, and universities have a crucial role to play in the facilitation of networks and the acquisition of social capital so that collective, instead of individual, action is possible. Rather than the motto being Yes I can, the perspective advanced here sees the motto being Yes
Our second purpose was to suggest a research agenda based on this provisional work. One methodological observation is the difficulty we faced in simply finding a suitable sample to interview. Undocumented students, as we discussed, are largely without a public face. In many respects, they are much easier to find and speak with in high schools because the government has decreed that they have a right to go to school. The same is not the case in college, and consequently, developing a coherent sample was a struggle. Nevertheless, we know on some campuses, there are greater numbers of undocumented students than on other campuses. Cal State Los Angeles, for example, is likely to have more undocumented students than Cal State Stanislaus in large part because undocumented students tend to go to college where they live. Thus, one suggestion is to attempt an ethnography or case study of a campus with a significant number of undocumented students. Our work provided the thinnest of descriptions of the daily challenges these students face; a more nuanced portrait might be derived from a long-term study on one campus that could point out how students function from day to day.
A second suggestion has to do with identity development. The portrait we have painted is of students who are largely independent of, and uninvolved with, social networks on their campuses. Although we certainly encourage greater engagement in college for all students, one project that might be attempted is a study of resiliency and undocumented youth. Many of these students are in college in spite of the system, rather than because of it. They survive and prosper in college independent of typical social support structures. Thus, a second avenue might be to utilize the work on identity formation and resilience to better understand how such students succeed in college. The point is certainly not to romanticize undocumented students, but we also need to resist a framework based on a culture of poverty, and instead consider individual and structural ways to understand the struggles that such students face and how to overcome them.
1. The terms
2. California AB 540 grants certain students in-state academic fees at Californias public postsecondary institutions based on long-term residency and high school completion.
Abrego, L. J. (2006). I cant go to college because I dont have papers: Incorporation patterns of Latino undocumented youth.
Abrego, L. J. (2008). Legitimacy, social identity, and the mobilization of law: The effects of Assembly Bill 540 on undocumented students in California.
Adelman, C. (2006).
Adler, P. S., & Kwon, S. (2002). Prospects for a new concept.
Batalova, J., & Fix, M. (2006).
Boeije, H. (2002). A purposeful approach to the constant comparative method in the analysis of qualitative interviews.
Bourdieu, P. (1986). The forms of capital. In J. G. Richardson (Ed.),
California State University, Long Beach. (2009).
Casas-Frier, L., & Hansen, R. (2006).
Chavez, L. R. (1998).
Coleman, J. S. (1988). Social capital in the creation of human capital.
Coleman, J. S. (1990).
Contreras, F. (2009). Sin papeles y rompiendo barreras: Latino students and the challenges of persisting in college.
Conway, K. M. (2009). Exploring persistence of immigrant and native students in an urban community college.
Dennis, J. M., Phinney, J. S., & Chuateco, L. I. (2005). The role of motivation, parental support, and peer support in the academic success of ethnic minority first-generation college students.
Dika, S. L., & Singh, K. (2002). Applications of social capital in educational literature: A critical synthesis.
Dozier, S. B. (1993). Emotional concerns of undocumented and out-of-status foreign students.
Flores, S. M., & Chapa, J. (2009). Latino immigrant access to higher education in a bipolar context of
reception.
Gildersleeve, R. E. (2010, Winter). Access between and beyond borders.
Gladieux, L., & Swail, W. S. (1999). Financial aid is not enough: Improving the odds for minority and low-income students. In J. E. King (Ed.),
Glaser, B. G., & Strauss, A. L. (1967).
Gonzales, R. G. (2007).
Gonzales, R. G. (2009).
Gonzalez, M. S., Plata, O., Garcia, E., Torres, M., & Urrieta, L. (2003). Testimonios de immigrantes: Students educating future teachers.
Heller, D. E. (1999). The effects of tuition and state financial aid on public college enrollment.
Hermes, J. (2008). How the DREAM Act can help America meet its workforce demands.
Horvat, E. M. (2001). Understanding equity and access in higher education: The potential contribution of Pierre Bourdieu. In J. C. Smart (Ed.),
Hurtado, S., Milem, J., Clayton-Pedersen, A., & Allen, W. (1999).
Kane, T. J. (1999).
Kim, D. H., & Schneider, B. (2005). Social capital in action: Alignment of parental support in adolescents transition to postsecondary education.
Lin, N. (1999). Building a network theory of social capital.
Madera, G., Mathay, A. A., Najafi, A. M., Saldivar, H. H., Solis, S., Titong, A. J. M., et al. (2008).
Melguizo, T., Hagedorn, L. S., & Cypers, S. (2008). The need for remedial/developmental education and the cost of community college transfer: Calculations from a sample of California community college transfers.
Merriam, S. B., Johnson-Bailey, J., Lee, M., Kee, Y., Ntseane, G., & Muhamad, M. (2001). Power and positionality: Negotiating insider/outsider status within and across cultures.
National Immigration Law Center. (2009).
Negron-Gonzalez, G. (2009).
Olivas, M. A. (2009). Undocumented college students, taxation, and financial aid: A technical note.
Passel, J. S. (2003).
Passel, J. S., & Cohn, D. (2009).
Perez, W. (2009).
Perez, W., Espinoza, R., Ramos, K., Coronado, H. M., & Cortes, R. (2009). Academic resilience among undocumented Latino students.
Perez Huber, L. (2009). Challenging racist nativist framing: Acknowledging the community cultural wealth of undocumented Chicana college students to reframe the immigration debate.
Perna, L. W. (2005). The benefits of higher education: Sex, racial/ethnic, and socioeconomic group differences.
Perry, A. M. (2006). Toward a theoretical framework for membership: The case of undocumented immigrants and financial aid for postsecondary education.
Plyler v. Doe, 457 U.S. 202 (1982).
Portes, A. (1998). Social capital: Its origins and applications in modern sociology.
Rincon, A. (2008).
Rodriguez, G. M., & Cruz, L. (2009). The transition to college of English learner and undocumented immigrant students: Resource and policy implications.
Rubin, H. J., & Rubin, I. S. (1995).
St. John, E. P. (2006). Contending with financial inequality: Rethinking the contributions of qualitative research to the policy discourse on college access.
Salganik, M. J., & Heckathorn, D. D. (2004). Sampling and estimation in hidden populations using respondent-driven sampling.
Seif, H. (2004). Wise up! Undocumented Latino youth, Mexican-American legislators, and the struggle for higher education access.
Shaw, K. M. (1997). Remedial education as ideological battleground: Emerging remedial education policies in the community college.
Solórzano, D., Allen, W., & Carroll, G. (2002). A case study of racial microaggressions and campus racial climate at the University of California, Berkeley.
Spradley, J. P. (1980).
Stanton-Salazar, R. D. (1997). A social capital framework for understanding the socialization of racial minority children and youths.
Stanton-Salazar, R. D., & Dornbusch, S. M. (1995). Social capital and the reproduction of inequality: Information networks among Mexican-origin high school students.
Suárez-Orozco, C., & Suárez-Orozco, M. M. (2001).
Teranishi, R., & Briscoe, K. (2006). Social capital and the racial stratification of college opportunity. In J. C. Smart (Ed.),
Tierney, W. G. (2006).
Tierney, W. G., Gupton, J. T., & Hallett, R. E. (2008).
Tierney, W. G., & Venegas, K. M. (2006). Fictive kin and social capital: The role of peer groups in applying and paying for college.
University of California. (2010, February).
Warren, M. R., Thompson, J. P., & Saegert, S. (2001). The role of social capital in combating poverty. In M. R. Warren, J. P. Thompson, & S. Saegert (Eds.),
Watters, J. K., & Biernacki, P. (1989). Targeted sampling: Options for the study of hidden populations.
APPENDIX
Educational Experiences:
1.
Tell me about your educational experiences since you came to the United States.
2.
In what ways do your educational experiences in the U.S. differ from those you had in your country?
3.
In what ways has being undocumented impacted your experiences in school since you came to the U.S.? In your opinion, are your experiences different from those experienced by American-born or documented immigrant students?
4.
Tell me about how your individual educational experiences are the same as or different from those of other undocumented students.
College-Going:
5.
What experiences made you begin thinking about going to college?
6.
How did you prepare as an undocumented student to go to college?
7.
How did you apply to college? Community college or four-year college first?
8.
Tell me about how you finance college. Outside scholarships? In-state fees? Family support? Employment?
9.
Tell me about how college is going for you. Challenges? Misconceptions? Surprises?
10.
How has being undocumented influenced decisions you have made in relation to your higher education? (e.g., major choices, location of school, etc.)
Postgraduation:
11.
What are you thinking about doing after graduation in terms of employment, further academic study, etc.?
12.
At this point, how does being undocumented affect your lifetime career goals?
Policy Awareness:
13.
What awareness do you have about educational policies impacting undocumented students in higher education?
14.
Are you familiar with California Assembly Bill 540 (AB 540)? If so, how did you find out about it, and what do you know?
15.
Are you aware of federal legislationespecially the DREAM Actthat would have provided students like you with a direct route to legalize your immigration status? If so, where did you hear about it, and what do you know?
16.
In what ways have policies like AB 540 and the DREAM Act changed the way you think about going to college? Has it made going to college easier or harder? Explain.
1.
Tell me about your involvement with undocumented college and university students.
2.
What percentage of the students you work with are undocumented? In your experience, what happens to these students?
3.
In what ways, if any, do you work differently with undocumented students?
4.
How aware do you believe undocumented students are about the limitations of their immigration status? (e.g., especially in terms of access to financial aid and employment opportunities)
5.
What are your biggest challenges with regard to counseling and working with undocumented students?
6.
Tell me about what you know about policies limiting or expanding undocumented students access to higher education (e.g., AB 540 and DREAM Act).
7.
In your experience, what are the biggest challenges faced by undocumented college-goers?
8.
In your opinion, what do you think will happen to most of the undocumented students you work with once they leave college?
Codes are as follows: Accessibility = A; Identity = I (American = Ia; immigrant = Ii; student = Is; undocumented = Iu); Money = M (donors = Md; employment = Me; family = Mf; scholarships = Ms); Preparation = P (academic = Pa; financial = Pf; planning = Pp); Support = S (family/friends = Sf; outsiders = So; staff = Ss; teachers = St) | 85,239 | 31,084 | 232,866.12537 |
warc | 202143 | You can’t be Bermudian if you haven’t experienced at least some of these things:
1. Casuarina Cones This is 10x worse than stepping on a piece of Lego! All too often a relaxing barefoot day at the beach is thwarted by accidentally stepping on one of the dry, spiky cones. Casuarinas are often a coastal tree, and drop many of their cones near the beach – and it’s even worse if you’re barefoot on a flat surface and come in to contact with them.
2. Centipede Bite Centipede bites can be extremely painful – to some people it’s as painful as a bee sting, to others, it’s worse. They deliver venom through specialized pincers on their first body segment. Applying heat to the bite area acts to dilute the venom and lessen pain. Centipedes are more likely to be found in the eastern parishes, and more likely to appear on damp nights.
3. Portuguese Man O’ War Sting Man o’ Wars flood coastlines and beaches in the spring and summer months, and it’s all too easy to be stung by one: their tentacles drift a deceptively long way away from the floating body, sometimes up to thirty feet! Stings appear on the skin as red whip-like lesions with a white raised centre. To remedy the stings, apply saltwater to wash away the tentacles, then soak the affected area in vinegar for 5 to 10 minutes to deactivate the stingers, before placing hot packs on the area for 30 minutes.
4. Road Rash If you’ve spent any amount of time on a bike, it’s likely that you’ve taken a tumble and ended up with some variation of road rash. And it’s not so much the initial accident that’s physically traumatic but the prolonged stinging and tightening of the wound afterwards. It’s important to keep road rash clean as the risk of infection is high. Many Bermudians will tell you the best remedy for painful road rash is a trip overboard.
5. Bare Foot Rock Climbing Maybe you’re hunting for empty crab shells or you’re climbing the rocks to find a good place to jump off – whatever the reason, we’ve all found ourselves shoeless and wandering sharp rocks at some point. The pain on our soft feet is great, but the desire to go forward is greater.
6. Homesickness Any Bermudian who’s spent significant time away knows all too well the feeling of homesickness. No matter how well we might have it overseas, there’s just no place like Bermuda. | 2,435 | 1,253 | 4,492.992817 |
warc | 202143 | Words, words, words. If you’re a parent, words are flying around your house. Sometimes those words are helpful, and as you well know, many times they’re sinful. How do we get a handle on all those words? How do we communicate well, and how do we teach our children to communicate well? In this podcast, we’re going to talk about five principles of healthy communication.
Communication is a huge subject, one that could overwhelm us. But in a recent webinar, I spelled out five helpful principles to guide healthy communication. Certainly it’s not all that could be said, but it is a start. And I believe that they will apply whether you’re thinking about communicating with your young child, with your teen, or with your spouse.
Specifically, we want to think about grasping the power of our words, growing in communication wisdom, growing in communication ability, understanding and then being understood, and then lastly, taking responsibility for our words.
I think you’ll find help here no matter how old your children are. And it fits perfectly with material that I’ve done on becoming a patient parent and overcoming anger in the home webinar on our YouTube channel. Links to other materials mentioned in the webinar are shared below.
But for now, let’s think about five principles for healthy communication.
To watch on YouTube, with the viewer Q&A, click here. | 1,415 | 708 | 2,734.067797 |
warc | 202143 | The downward trend in Australian school student scores in tests such as NAPLAN, PISA and TIMSS has understandably caused concern among Australian educators, policymakers and the media.
The push to remedy this trend is driving interest in pedagogies differing from the currently favoured, inquiry-based, child-centred educational practices. Numerous educational leaders and experts have proposed returning to guided instructional practices, or otherwise known as explicit teaching.
At Australian Christian College – Singleton, a six-year trial of explicit direct instruction (EDI) created a remarkable turnaround in NAPLAN results, enrolments and teacher engagement. Before exploring these aspects in more detail, it’s important to establish some background about EDI.
Explicit Direct Instruction – A Brief History
Explicit Direct Instruction evolved from Direct Instruction (DI), an approach developed in the mid-1960s by Siegfried Engelmann and colleagues at the University of Illinois at Champagne-Urbana.
Initially shown to deliver far superior results across student total reading, total math, spelling and language when compared to nine other educational models, there is now a comprehensive, decades-long corpus of evidence confirming DI’s effectiveness. For example, Hattie’s 2009 synthesis of 800 meta-analyses found DI to be one of the most effective teaching strategies.
Why DI Works – Cognitive Load Theory
Direct Instruction is predicated on behaviourist assumptions that all children can learn if they are taught well and the learning outcomes result directly from well-developed programs, competently implemented through the pedagogical process.
It is characterised by systematic, explicitly scripted lesson plans and curriculum materials designed to quickly lead students to mastery using sequentially delivered, small goal- and task-based learning components.
The lowercase use of “di” has evolved to denote approaches requiring teachers to develop lesson and resource material, whilst applying effective DI pedagogical practices.
DI’s effectiveness has been linked to the cognitive load theory (CLT) developed by educational psychologist John Sweller in the 1980s. It emphasises reducing the cognitive load upon learners’ limited working memories, and identifying processes that enable transfer of knowledge from short-term to long-term memory to create retrievable blocks of knowledge (known as schemas).
CLT posits that introducing short, scaffolded, simple-to-complex instructional chunks and worked examples facilitates transfer of new skills and concepts to long-term memory. It is best implemented by guided instruction practices, rather than discovery-based, problem-based, inquiry-based pedagogies.
EDI Methods
Explicit direct instruction is teacher-led and utilises strategies including:
Starting lessons with a clear statement describing the learning objective. Teaching students the concepts and/or steps or processes used to execute the skills in that objective. Working problems with students at the same time while ensuring they execute each step correctly. Having students prove they have learned the concepts and skills before they are given independent practice.
Strategies used to achieve these components include: frequently checking for understanding to verify students are learning; teaching by telling: using think-alouds to reveal the strategic thinking required to solve problems; and demonstrating using physical objects to clarify content and support kinaesthetic learning.
EDI in Practice – ACC Singleton’s Transformation
Singleton Christian College, in operation for over 30 years, became part of the Australian Christian College network in 2012. Before this, it had consistently registered literacy and numeracy levels significantly lower than national norms. The School was therefore approached by the Association of Independent Schools (AIS) NSW to participate in the Literacy and Numeracy Action Plan 2012-2016 – an initiative designed to assist schools struggling with poor literacy and numeracy.
After examining evidence on literacy and numeracy improvement, the school implemented EDI in 2015, which proved key to the school’s academic recovery. Supporting EDI’s adoption
Shifting to EDI required a whole-school approach. Strategies used to achieve this included:
Training and mentoring of school leaders Staff training through dedicated EDI modules, school visits to observe effective EDI practice, provision of a key EDI text, and an intentional coaching program Professional instruction delivered by expert practitioners Purchasing of class resources aligned to the EDI approach.
The Results – a Remarkable Turnaround
These changes resulted in significant positive developments, including improved results on standardised academic tests, increased enrolments, positive parent feedback, enhanced teacher satisfaction, and recognition of teaching excellence from both the AIS and the University of Newcastle’s Education faculty.
Improved academic performance
NAPLAN test data show averaged scores for all domains lifted across all relevant primary year levels from 2013 to 2019:
Year 3 – from 359 to 433 Year 5 – from 478 to 493
Similar NAPLAN results improvements have been achieved in the secondary years from 2014 to 2019:
Year 7 – from 503 to 558 Year 9 – from 546 to 581
Some domains evidenced standout improvements. For example, Year 3 average scores for reading jumped from 342 to 432, spelling from 357 to 446, and numeracy from 359 to 415.
For Year 5 scores, writing lifted from 412 to 470 and numeracy from 447 to 492. Between 2014 and 2019, Year 7 scores for reading increased from 500 to 549, grammar 525 to 582, and numeracy 496 to 588.
The adoption of a synthetic phonics program for Kindergarten students, taught using an EDI approach, also led to significantly improved Priority Literacy Skills.
In 2018, for example, students in term 1 tested with 33% foundational literacy skills, which by term 4 had increased to 82%. In 2020, students’ Priority Literacy Skills shifted from 52% in term 1 to 92.5% by end of year. These results confirm that the School’s literacy approach is succeeding.
Increased enrolments
At the beginning of the improvement process, ACC Singleton was a Kindergarten to Year 10 school with 50 students. It now caters for Kindergarten to Year 12 with over 200 students.
The changed teaching approach and resulting academic improvement correlates with a significant upturn in enrolments. Parent feedback surveys confirm the School’s focus on academic outcomes was the most significant enrolment driver.
Enhanced teacher engagement
ACC Singleton has developed a comprehensive and supportive instructional coaching model with two key goals - to drive ongoing improvements in teacher performance and to support the timely and effective onboarding of new teachers.
Staff members expressed satisfaction as they embraced the new pedagogy and worked explicit teaching into their classes. A survey asking what the School’s journey with EDI had been like personally and professionally elicited responses typified by the statement: “It has been a positive journey, well worth all of the hard work.”
One primary teacher expressed her appreciation saying, “I feel like I’ve been born again as a teacher.”
Time for a change
EDI’s merits have been borne out by decades of extensive research and the results of successful implementation in schools such as ACC Singleton. With its clear advantages over student-led, inquiry-based pedagogical approaches, it’s high time education faculties in western universities include this approach in teacher training. | 7,830 | 3,543 | 16,857.815411 |
warc | 202143 | The citizens of Lincoln City have seen the Highway 101 traffic triple over the last 10 years, resulting in traffic backups and an increase in vehicle accidents.
The City has had two traffic studies done with neither of them being implemented by the City Council. For the past 30 years concerns have been discussed at Council meetings about the traffic on Highway 101.
It will take extensive planning by the City and State, and even when a plan is approved it can take up to seven years to obtain funding.
In just the last five years the City has received over 6 million dollars in transient room tax money for street improvement.
The Nelscott project was originally planned for four lanes plus a refuge lane. The City changed it to two lanes. The project was planned to be completed in three years but, because of the City, it took 10 years.
When Lincoln Palisades was developed (a 173 lot subdivision nearly fully developed now), the applicant was required to enter into a ‘cooperative improvement finance agreement’ with the City in which they were to pay an assessment for each lot developed. In 2007 the assessment for each lot was $3,340. That money was to be used for traffic improvement on North Highway 101. This assessment also applies to Lakeside Golf Club Estates, a 22 lot subdivision, and also the Village of Cascade Head.
Why haven’t highway improvements been initiated or completed? Where did the funds go?
The City Council and administration have completely failed the citizens over the years. It is time for change and we need competent people to serve on the Council and new administration.
Jerry Warner
Lincoln City | 1,660 | 857 | 3,165.04084 |
warc | 202143 | Nutrition Facts (per serving) 91 Calories 0g Fat 23g Carbs 1g Protein
Nutrition Facts Servings: 40 Amount per serving Calories 91 % Daily Value* Total Fat 0g 0% Saturated Fat 0g 0% Cholesterol 0mg 0% Sodium 0mg 0% Total Carbohydrate 23g 8% Dietary Fiber 1g 3% Total Sugars 21g Protein 1g Vitamin C 3mg 16% Calcium 4mg 0% Iron 0mg 1% Potassium 115mg 2% *The % Daily Value (DV) tells you how much a nutrient in a food serving contributes to a daily diet. 2,000 calories a day is used for general nutrition advice.
A jam is a jam is a jam, right? Perhaps, but there are little tips and tricks that can take an ordinary jam to new heights.
After harvesting mountains of peaches and nectarines from Masumoto Family Farm, we worked Shakira Simley of Bi-Rite Market to make some jam—a
lot of jam. Between their harvest and mine, we processed about 120 pounds of fruit.
Shakirah is a Master Food Preserver and studied preserving at the University of Gastronomic Sciences in Italy, so we always pick up a trick or two from her. For stone fruit specifically (that is, apricots, peaches, and nectarines), she likes to cook the fruit a bit first before adding sugar. As the fruit heats, it opens up and becomes more receptive to the sugar. Then when the sugar dissolves into the liquid to become a syrup, it penetrates the fruit more easily and you reach a better set, even with relatively low sugar levels.
Normally, we macerate fruit in advance of making a jam—in other words, allow the fruit and sugar to stand together to draw out liquid—but this method works out to be simpler and faster. Before long, the jam was perfectly viscous and dense. A splash of lemon juice adds some brightness and protects color. This is key especially for lower-sugar preserves, which can lose their luster more rapidly. For this jam, use only 30 percent sugar to fruit by weight, about as low as you can go and get a proper set.
This method works as well on nectarines as on peaches and apricots, but the nectarine flavor really shines here. It's sure to be a welcome dose of summer sun when the days grow colder and dark.
Gather the ingredients.
Wash and dice nectarines, discarding pits. Add to a heavy, non-reactive pot. Add a small amount of water to the bottom, and place pot over medium-high heat.
Bring to a boil, stirring to prevent scorching. The fruit will give off quite a bit of liquid. Boil for a few minutes, until fruit begins to look translucent. Add sugar, and stir to blend completely.
Return to a boil, and cook, stirring occasionally, until jam reaches the set point. Add lemon juice and stir to combine.
Pack jam into clean half-pint jars. Seal and process for 10 minutes in a water bath canner.
Tip You do not need to peel the nectarines.
Recipe Tags: | 2,777 | 1,454 | 5,244.595598 |
warc | 202143 | Growing Up in Foster Care: Ana’s Story
Growing up in foster care is a reality for thousands of youths in America. Today we were fortunate to chat with former foster youth and advocate Ana Felix about her experience. Ana spent 12 years in care in 13 different placements. As an adult, Ana makes advocacy a priority to combat the scarce representation of current and foster youth.
Mentor- Mente
During our conversation, Ana shared with us about her transition growing up in foster care. Ana is currently a motivational speaker and came to this because of a social worker mentor. Ana spoke about her mentor,
One of my social workers mentored me while I navigated the system. She helped me get through some tough times just by being a friend to me. She opened the doors for me in the motivational speaking world and inspired me to really go for it. I was able to discover my love for helping others just by sharing a little bit of my story. She really helped me break out of my shell and showed me how to be proud of what life made out of me.
Finding Stability
There are many things that foster youth need, safety, love, stability. Ana reminisced about her last placement while growing up in foster care.
My last placement was a positive experience for me in the foster care system. I am beyond grateful to have experienced what it is to be in a real family unit. The up’s and down’s, the disappointments and achievements, the happy and sad moments but most importantly the reprogramming of my heart. I am forever grateful to have gotten the full real life experience of what being in a loving family means and feels like.
Experiencing what a real family unit should feel and look like made me feel capable of having my own family one day. I never wanted to have a family of my own in fear that I would hurt them the way I was hurt as a child. A real fear I had in my heart.
Life Lessons for Growing up in Foster Care
Through her 12 years in the system, Ana learned about people and herself.
The foster care system. In the simplest form, is the bare minimum in every way possible. But there will be some gems in the midst of all the mediocracy. Those people will make it bearable. Those people will help you discover yourself.
This is not to say that the intention of people in care is bad but like with all things, it is imperfect. In Ana’s experience, some are wonderful and others are not as great. Ana spoke about this dichotomy,
The foster care system is great if you happen to fall in the hands of caring individuals who are interested and devoted in giving you a safe environment to grow and flourish. There was more times than not when I ended up in a home that I wanted to run away from. From not being fed, locked in a room for days, not having the proper hygiene, to being abused, I’ve seen and experienced it all.
There is no place safer to a foster child than another foster child. It is like a wolf pack. They will protect their own at all cost. Fighting for our lives is all we know how to do. It is a very contradicting scenario. A foster child. As hurt as they are, can love in the most genuine way. I wish we could see foster care individuals as the warriors they truly are. Some of the strongest individuals I have met, have survived foster care.
Advice and Final Thoughts on Growing Up in Foster Care
Ana spent so much time growing up in foster care we wondered what advice she wished she had been given. Her response,
Try not to make a home out of everyone you meet. But make the best out of every house.
Her advice to those currently in the system is as follows.
Always try to find the positive in your day. There will be a million legitimate reasons to feel bitter, sad, lonely, and unloved so try to give yourself a reason to be happy. Look forward to seeing that teacher every day, passing by that lady who sits in front of the Donut shop, or waiting for your favorite show to come on T.V. Find something. Always be open to healing. You will need answers to your behavior once you become an adult and you can only discover those answers if you allow yourself to heal.
In Conclusion
In conclusion, we want to thank Ana for sharing her experience of growing up in foster care. We appreciate her honesty and advice, it is important to hear the voices of those who have gone through the system.
If you are interested in getting involved or sharing your story with Together We Rise, please connect with us here. | 4,476 | 2,054 | 9,647.152872 |
warc | 202143 | *This post is sponsored by Dr. Joseph Rucker
Many mothers are interested in losing the baby weight as quickly as possible, but sometimes working out and watching what you eat isn’t enough. Particularly for mothers who have given birth to two or more children, there may be a difficulty losing weight and getting the body to “snap back” after pregnancy. We often get this question in our practice, “Can the doctor gain access for a tummy tuck through a C-section scar?” If you have had a C-section, you may be wondering if you could avoid a second scar by using your existing scar.
Tummy Tuck and the C-Section Scar
Yes, we can use the C-section scar on your belly as an opening to perform the tummy tuck. The C-section scar will also become the site of the tummy tuck scar, which means that you will not have a second scar from the procedure. This is not always the case, but in most cases it is possible to use the C-section scar. In fact, Dr. Rucker will typically go below the C-section scar to remove it and leave a new incision that is lower on the body and will look great with swimsuits.
The C-Section Pouch
If you search the Internet, you will find mention of the “C-Section Pouch” or the “C-Section Tummy.” This is because when women have to have a C-section, a scar forms below the stomach and ends up creating a wall above it of loose skin. This skin puddles together to form a pouch. Unfortunately, no amount of weight loss will allow this area to heal and return to normal. The only way to take care of this dreaded C-section pouch is to have reconstructive surgery, which can include a tummy tuck. The tummy tuck will remove the fat in the area and tighten the skin by removing any loose skin. This will give you the flat, smooth stomach you had before.
What is a tummy tuck?
The tummy tuck procedure, or abdominoplasty as it is referred to by plastic surgeons, is a plastic surgery procedure that works to contour the stomach area. The plastic surgeon will create small incisions around the lower part of the stomach and then will work to eliminate excess skin and excess fat in the stomach. At the end, the surgeon will pull the skin together tightly ensuring that the skin will be flat once again. Some women will opt to have a “mommy makeover” where they will combine the tummy tuck procedure with another common procedure such as a breast lift, breast augmentation or another fat-removal procedure around the butt, thighs or arms.
What about stretch marks?
Stretch marks are common among women who have given birth and appear as red or purple lines on the body. They are commonly found on the stomach, breasts, inner and outer thighs, buttocks and hips. These marks are difficult to get rid of and can take over a decade to fully fade. However, stretch marks on the stomach can be treated during a tummy tuck. Many of these stretch marks can be cut out during the procedure. This can improve the appearance of the stomach and is another added benefit of a tummy tuck procedure.
When is the best time to get a tummy tuck through your C-section scar?
A tummy tuck procedure of any kind should only be performed after the patient is finished having children. Becoming pregnant after a tummy tuck procedure will undo the work and the tummy tuck procedure will need to be repeated. Women who are interested in a tummy tuck also need to wait at least 6 months after giving birth to schedule the operation. Too soon to the delivery date is not enough time for a woman’s body to recover from birth. Women should also be finished nursing because this can affect body composition as well. It is also important that the patient is in good health and does not have any medical conditions that would make surgery risky.
The Importance of a Consultation
Although tummy tucks are generally considered to be simple procedures, a consultation is always best and is particularly needed in this case. The plastic surgeon that will be performing your surgery will want to meet with you to examine your C-section scar and learn more about your C-section as well as your general health. Consultations can also help manage your expectations as the surgeon will give you an idea of what you can expect with your surgery. Each person will have unique results and a consultation can help you see what those results might look like after the procedure.
Dr. Joseph Rucker is a licensed and board-certified plastic surgeon with a wealth of experience. He has performed more than 10,000 plastic surgery procedures and is committed to helping his patients achieve their ideal look with reconstructive and cosmetic plastic surgery services. Dr. Rucker MD Plastic Surgery Clinic has two office locations: Eau Claire, Wisconsin and River Falls, Wisconsin. For all of your plastic surgery needs in Wisconsin, visit Dr. Rucker’s website athttps://www.ruckermd.com
*This post is sponsored by Dr. Joseph Rucker | 4,973 | 2,164 | 11,239.807301 |
warc | 202143 | Prophylactic antibiotics in the management of moderate severity dog bite wounds
Nicole Kalnins and others, University of Queensland, Gatton, Australia
Dog-to-dog bite wounds are a common cause of presentations to emergency care centres, accounting for up to 15 percent of trauma cases. Infection is a likely consequence of these injuries but there is little guidance available to veterinary staff on when and how to administer prophylactic antibiosis. The authors investigate the effectiveness of amoxycillin-clavulanic acid, administered with or without enrofloxacin. They conclude that the former is an appropriate empiric antimicrobial choice for treating dog bite wounds. Enrofloxacin should only be added on the basis of culture and susceptibility testing results. Reducing empirical use of this agent is recommended to reduce the risks of encouraging antibiotic resistance.
Spontaneous abdominal effusion in dogs with presumed anaphylaxis
April Summers and others, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York
Spontaneous abdominal effusion has been noted in dogs with anaphylactic reactions but has not been described previously in any detail. The authors examined records from 16 canine cases referred to a university clinic with presumed anaphylactic reactions. On presentation, clinical signs included vomiting, diarrhoea and collapse. Eight patients had abdominocentesis performed and the median PCV of the effusion was 0.29L/L, while total plasma protein was 38g/L. Abdominal effusion therefore should be considered a potential sequela of anaphylaxis.
Diagnostic value of abdominal ultrasound in dogs with acute pancreatitis
Eleonora Gori and others, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
Acute pancreatitis is a condition that is recognised with increasing frequency in dogs but still presents a significant diagnostic and prognostic challenge. Abdominal ultrasonography has become the most widely used non-invasive diagnostic procedure in such cases. The authors report the ultrasonography findings in dogs in the first two days of hospitalisation with acute pancreatitis and compare those results with subsequent disease severity and mortality. They state that these findings underline the value of repeated abdominal ultrasound examinations in monitoring changes in the dog’s condition.
Effect of short-term peripheral parenteral nutrition on survival of critically ill puppies
Cesar Duenas and others, Autonomous University of Sinaloa, Culiacán, Mexico
Peripheral parenteral nutrition (PPN) is increasingly used as an alternative to central catheter placement due to its lower cost and reduced likelihood of clinical complications. The authors assess the risks and benefits of PPN providing up to 50 percent of resting energy requirements in critically ill paediatric canine patients. Their findings suggest that PPN did not reduce the length of hospital stays but it was associated with lower mortality and reduced weight loss compared with puppies receiving no supplements. There was also a lower incidence of complications such as phlebitis compared with centrally administered supplementation.
Prevalence of portal vein thrombosis in dogs detected by CT angiography
Lauren von Stade and others, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, USA
Thrombi can completely or partially block the portal vein in dogs, resulting in ascites and/or acquired portosystemic shunts due to portal hypertension. These thrombi may develop due to a wide range of different disease processes. The authors investigated the prevalence of thrombosis resulting from the various conditions using computed tomography angiography. They found that pancreatitis was responsible for 8 out of 19 cases in which thrombi were identified. Ultrasonography was less effective as an imaging modality, correctly identifying only 4 of the 21 cases.
Sudden cardiac failure in humans, dogs and cats
Celine Brugada-Terradellas and others, University of Ghent, Ghent, Belgium
Sudden death as a result of cardiac failure is one of the most common causes of mortality in humans and similar structural, electrical and ischaemic pathologies are commonly reported in companion animals. The authors review the evidence on the clinical features and prevalence of different forms of disease causing sudden cardiac failure in the three species. They note that information from human medicine can help direct future veterinary research while dogs and cats may serve as models for studies on human disease.
Spontaneous pneumothorax secondary to pulmonary sarcomas in two rabbits
Sina Feyer and others, Free University of Berlin, Berlin, Germany
The only descriptions of pneumothoraxes in rabbits have been related to iatrogenic events occurring during a research project. The authors report two cases in male neutered rabbits of spontaneous pneumothoraxes caused by pulmonary neoplasia. They presented with acute onset of severe respiratory distress and inappetence and both died soon after arriving at the clinic. Post-mortem examination revealed pulmonary histiocytic sarcoma which should therefore be considered among the differential diagnoses for rabbits presenting with a spontaneous pneumothorax.
Bromide toxicosis following reduced chloride intake in a dog with idiopathic epilepsy
Marco Fantinati and others, University of Toulouse, Toulouse, France
Bromide is a halide ion administered as the potassium salt in the treatment of epilepsy in dogs. It is excreted unchanged in the urine and undergoes tubular resorption in competition with chloride. The authors describe an incident in a dog with idiopathic epilepsy receiving bromide therapy. After the owners started giving the dog a new diet, it developed signs of lethargy, ataxia and behavioural changes. Following a physical, neurological and dietary investigation, this was attributed to an increase in serum bromide levels due to the reduced chloride content of the new diet. | 5,926 | 2,693 | 12,963.262532 |
warc | 202143 | 5G is nothing but the by-product of the greater digital revolution. If you carefully notice the digital revolution that shaped the course of humanity, you would realize that such a revolution is utterly impossible without the cooperation of consumers all around the globe. For a revolution to happen, there needs two components- an idea and a mass that carries the idea. The absence of either one of them would cease a revolution from ever happening. One such revolution changed the…
In this present decade, the world of software programming is on the verge of witnessing a series of excitement with prominent changes, trends taking place in technology developments. The role of Computer Programming will become highly indispensable for the software product engineering companies which largely affects to the future of IT Product Developments. At the same time, these progressions in the programming field would not certainly adjudge a niche technology for adoption but at the least allow developers to borne…
COVID-19 has almost disrupted diverse industries. Though the world is recovering and switching to their normal world, there are still sectors that aren’t opened. This can be easily sorted out by adopting Digital Technologies which have transformed multiple businesses digitally. In particular, European countries are experiencing a second wave of Novel CoronaVirus that has recently started. The Governments are seamlessly establishing new measures to control them and parallelly uprise businesses. We have discussed the role of a couple of technologies… | 1,588 | 849 | 2,925.361602 |
warc | 202143 | Hunting camp has changed a lot in 20 years.
The times are constantly changing, and it is not just the modern, sped-up, online world that has changed. No, this also includes something as old as Hunt Camp.
Some may feel they are relics from a bygone era. However, there are still families who travel from far and wide to their favorite wilderness area year after year in pursuit of big game, birds, and more.
Hunting campsites take on many different forms, from canvas tents in the mountains of Colorado to old log cabin gun season camps in Michigan's U.P.
Hunting as a sport has changed dramatically over the last 20 years and even though we still like to gather around the same old wood stove and share memories of deer hunting seasons past, camps have also changed dramatically.
Together with our friends at Savage Arms, we came up with some of the most notable things that have changed about hunting camp in the last 20 years.
Firearms Are Lighter and More Accurate
Your grandfather may have first lugged a Savage 110 hunting rifle to camp over 50 years ago. That rifle is still made, but the technology has advanced light years since then. The new Savage guns are lighter, stronger, and tougher.
It is not just weight that has improved. These guns are now more accurate and handle the elements better with their stainless steel components and carbon wrapped barrels. They also fit each shooter's frame better thanks to advances in technology like the Savage Accufit system that allows adjustments to length of pull, comb height and trigger pull.
Combine firearms advancements with those in ballistics and scope technology and you are likely able to make confident shots at distances your grandfather may have only dreamed about in the past. Animals that previously gave us the slip are instead ending up with their backstraps on the grill later that evening.
You've got to appreciate the advances in technology that have made us more confident in our odds of bringing home a meal for the family every time you step into the woods.
The Stories Have Gotten Crazier
Hunt Camp is the place for the telling of stories, and we have noticed the tall tales are getting wilder with every passing season. Grandfathers seem to be the guilty party most of the time. Every year he tells us the story of that big non-typical buck that got away back in 1977. Each time, the buck somehow seems to magically gain more points. The first time he told the story it was a 10-pointer and these days it is up to 30!
We do not mind the little details of the stories being lost to time because that is what makes for a great hunting story in the first place. That story about your uncle being stalked by Bigfoot or your dad's story about fighting off a bear with his pocket knife may be completely fabricated, but you still look forward to hearing them every season anyway. After all, who doesn't enjoy a good story?
Equipment, Technology and Clothing Are Better
Remember 20 years ago when film trail cameras were still a thing? These days we have had our digital trail cameras out for months, and then share photos of the biggest ones to everyone who goes to Hunt Camp. Does your uncle always immediately claims "dibs" on the biggest of the bunch like mine does?
One thing we are thankful for is an improvement in clothing. Whether it's camo, scent control, or warmth, they no doubt provide more than the red flannel of yesteryear. Thankfully, those walks to and from the stand are not quite as unpleasant with all these new options.
A trip to camp is also a lot safer than it was in the past. Remember that old rickety permanent stand that felt like it was going to give out from under you at any moment? It is the one your uncle hammered a few extra nails into every year and said: "That should hold her!" Fortunately, most of us have replaced it with a rock-solid climber tree stand now. It is one of the few smart decisions made around deer camp.
You likely have much nicer knives, grinders and vacuum sealers to make it a simple task to get that wild game meat in the cooler. And oddly enough, one last big change is camp security. We used to cross our fingers and hope our cabin was left alone by vandals while it sat unoccupied, but now we can monitor things from hundreds of miles away with wireless security cameras.
It seems weird now to employ modern technology at a backcountry Hunt Camp that may be decades or even hundreds of years old, but that just goes to show how much things have changed. We do it, and it's helped our peace of mind.
The Accommodations Have Gotten Better Too
Everyone loves the food at Hunt Camp, but somehow it's gotten better over the years. Sure, grandpa's venison chili and your brother's venison steaks may still be the top choice of dish. However, over the years, more dishes have been added. Now it's just as fun to enjoy a venison taco night, or make those cheese and jalapeno-stuffed back straps wrapped with bacon.
Cooking technology just keeps getting better and more portable for use at Hunt Camp, even if you are roughing it in a tent.
It just gives us one more fun thing to look forward to on that long journey. The only problem is we feel the need to do more hiking while out hunting in order to work off the extra pounds we gained eating it!
The Faces Have Changed, But the Traditions Remain
One of the sadder aspects of hunting camp are the friends and family we may lose over the years. It is an unfortunate fact of life that some of our more beloved members of hunt camp from 20 years ago may not be with us any longer. At the same time, you still make it a point to break out the old camp TV and watch that old, battered DVD of "Escanaba in Da Moonlight" because your grandfather simply
HAD to watch every year before the season opener.
We honor the memories of Hunt Camp members long gone in our own ways. Mostly through stories, but in some camps the antlers of bucks they harvested may have a new prominent place on the wall next to our favorite photos of them. Maybe you make it a point to hunt out of a lost loved one's favorite stand every year. The deer may not wander past it much anymore, but it is a tradition just the same.
While we may lose some older faces due to the ravages of time, we also gain some new ones in the faces of younger hunters making their first journey ever to deer camp. They have heard the stories from their fathers and grandfathers of all the Hunt Camp customs and cannot wait for their first visit. These are the experiences that help hook newer hunters on the traditions for life.
The best part is creating new hunting camp memories with these younger hunters that they can then pass down to another generation. The more things change, the more they also stay the same.
WATCH | 6,785 | 3,197 | 14,319.172662 |
warc | 202143 | TERRE HAUTE, Ind. (WTHI)- The "We're Hiring" signs on businesses are hard to miss these days. It seems like there are plenty of jobs for those willing to work, but some businesses still have open positions. A new Indiana Chamber of Commerce survey may have the answers.
Here's the data from the survey:
62% of employers said meeting talent needs were their biggest challenge. Almost 60% of the companies surveyed said they have left jobs unfilled due to underqualified applicants. 26% of companies said employees are getting retrained because of new technology. Nearly 60% of the companies said they are looking to expand the workforce.
So, what's causing the small job pool?
Jason Bearce, Vice President of Education and Workforce Development for the Indiana Chamber of Commerce, said this is not a new problem.
"This is just an existing issue that has come back to the fore as other issues, as other circumstances change," he said.
Like many other things, COVID has played a huge role in the size of the job pool. Bearce said many people are hesitant to return to the workforce because of the virus. Others are wanting more benefits, like childcare, added to their jobs. Education requirements have also kept the pool small.
"Employers are looking for more highly educated, highly skilled talent," Bearce said. "As the labor market has become tighter, those challenges have come to the fore."
In the Wabash Valley, things are looking up. Todd Hein, the owner of Labor Link, said he receives daily calls from local businesses looking for employees. He said many are even changing background requirements to help increase applicants. He said some of the businesses are even adapting to welcome all skill levels.
"We've seen a lot more training in our companies," Hein said. "Instead of just throwing them out to the floor, they've implemented full training academies to get these people prepared and ready to go."
Hein stresses that if you're willing to work, there are jobs available.
To contact Labor Link, click here.
For resources with the Indiana Chamber of Commerce, click here. | 2,110 | 1,076 | 4,086.654275 |
warc | 202143 | Roisin Broderick, Information Specialist, Keystart
There’s a task available to you that allows you to work all time, every single day without any breaks. It does not spend well, in reality, it does not spend at all. Also to ensure it is also harder, you work on your own.
The part of just one moms and dad is very probably the most challenging work there is certainly. It is stressful tackling the planet of parenting by yourself, as well as the additional weight of balancing the spending plan can simply drive your blood pressure up. At Keystart, we assist a complete great deal of solitary moms and dads with house ownership, and ideally the below tips we’ve selected up usually takes a number of that pressure down.
Make an inventory. Always check it twice.
In the wide world of digital banking without records and coins, it is frequently difficult to realize just how money that is much have and exactly how much is certainly going out of the home. So, create your payments that are fixed. Write them down in an inventory alongside the quantity allotted to each. Making it even easier, write them for a whiteboard that is small edit them while the numbers modification on the days. This provides that you representation that is clear of has got to vanish in to the wormhole of bills and what’s left for the enjoyment stuff… like youngsters’ birthday celebration gifts. There are numerous apps and internet sites available to you that will help too, but sometimes good old pen and paper (or whiteboard and marker) work better yet.
Jump on line.
With what may initially look like a total contradiction to the past tip, that one is focussed entirely within the online room. It, especially when you need to pack a little one in the car and drive each way when you plan out your day, grocery shopping can take up a decent portion of. By purchasing all you need via the web stores of one’s chosen supermarket, you’ll be able to fill the cabinet through the sofa. In bulk if you see a product that you use often on sale, buy it. The bill may be a little bit greater this time around, however in a couple weeks when you’re currently stocked through to the kid’s meal package fillers, you’ll really notice a positive change. Tests also show that whenever visiting the grocery store we impulse purchase – by shopping on the internet, you can easily evaluate your shopping cart application and then make certain you will be pleased with precisely what has gone in.
Inexpensive, effortless and healthier.
As the young ones grow older and develop, their health that is nutritional is essential. To prevent the lure of take-away dishes, the important thing is within planning; perhaps not for the following dinner you want on cooking, nevertheless the next few. A stir-fry may use the left-over vegies through the night’s that is previous that may utilize the left-over rice from the night time prior to. This not just saves you cash, but in addition saves your time.
Be mindful to perhaps perhaps not over complicate it. Good meals does not have to take a number of years;|time that is long people like Jamie Oliver are making a lifetime career away from simplifying the evening cook while taking care of a budget!
Take to some of these internet sites for size: Used design.
When you haven’t heard, shopping hand that is second on trend at this time. You can not only as well as your kids set the bar for design by picking right up garments from second-hand shops, you’ll save a 1990’s bum bag saturated in cash. As the young ones develop and their sizes change, your funds won’t feel the same pinch as before. In the event that you invest a little bit of amount of time in the racks, you’ll be surprised at that which you can find!
Sunday mornings at Karrinyup certainly are a great location to begin, but make fully sure you enter early! The morning that is early are rewarded to get up using the sparrows and usually have the best associated with the deals.
You can find a true range areas around Perth well known for high thickness of Vinnies and Salvos stores. If you don’t find what you are actually in search of at one, others are sure to fill out the gaps. Take to Old Perth Road in Bassendean, William Street in Northbridge or Albany Highway in Vic Park in the first place. That knows that which you may find!
Save for the next day.
Everbody understands all too well, being fully a solitary moms and dad is no walk into the park. Nonetheless it’s crucial to benefit from the moments that are precious share together with your children. once you can place a touch away in to a checking account, split crisis cost savings, you’ll soon realize that each small bit can add up. Make use of this money for the week-end getaway utilizing the young ones, or a film evening in the next big movie. For yourself and recharge your batteries however you see fit if you have the option, maybe take time. between the anxiety and chaos, there’s always a real method to get one thing unique.
Undoubtedly our biggest piece of advice nonetheless, is when times have tough or your circumstances changes, inform us. Correspondence is key, constantly do our most useful to allow you to by way of a rocky length. you will find often choices accessible to you you weren’t conscious of, what you need to complete is ask.
Roisin Broderick, Information Specialist, Keystart
Keystart advises payday loans Maryland you look for your own personal separate advice that is financial to making any choices regarding the monetary requirements. Any examples offered on this page are offered for illustrative purposes just. | 5,718 | 2,790 | 11,452.395699 |
warc | 202143 | Financial planning is an essential part of the financial investment procedure. In plain English, it is spending for the future. Financial preparation is an organized way of investing your future or cash to attain details goals. Financial planning is not only vital for retirement advantages, yet likewise for securing against unexpected occasions like discharges or cost increases. Nevertheless, with all the hype in the media about planning for retired life, it is most of the times forgotten by the regular consumer. Nevertheless, why should you hang around and money now when you could spend that time and also money at a much more helpful factor in your life?
Financial preparation is very important. Without it, you might find yourself in the unenviable circumstance of living income to income. The straightforward truth of the matter is that monetary preparation aids you to live below your methods, if conditions ever arise in which you are called for to live over your means. In general usage, a financial planning strategy is essentially a detailed evaluation of an individual’s present and future financial placement by utilizing different current recognized elements to forecast upcoming earnings, asset worths, as well as expense plans. Although economic preparation is usually done by professionals and also can be fairly pricey, it is worth the initiative. Not just will it lead you through tough times, yet it will certainly additionally give you a feeling of accomplishment as well as a road map for attaining your individual and professional objectives.
There are a variety of ways to deal with beginning your look for the best economic planning expert or financial organizer. One method is by checking your regional phone directory as well as noting the leading three or 4 companies in your city. An additional is to ask your family, buddies as well as co-workers for referrals. The Internet has actually opened up an entire new world of prospective resources, and also utilizing web sites such as Yelp and also Google Places can offer a wealth of information for both consumers and services.
Many monetary planning consultants will certainly come with a return to as well as cover letter. See to it you completely have a look at every one, evaluating not just their qualifications however their character as well. While there may be some people that have actually been operating in this field for years, others might have simply graduated from college and also still be starting. So it is essential to discover somebody with an interest for what they do who’s also able to connect their interest plainly.
As an example, if you want ending up being a lot more financially independent, after that a great financial investment consultant would certainly be someone that has an interest in developing long-term objectives for their clients. Preferably, they would certainly have the ability to review property monitoring, retired life planning, and also tax strategies as they associate with their clients. Additionally, their capability to efficiently connect their financial investment viewpoint and vision need to be second to none.
Another major location of consideration when picking your financial planning advisor is your present monetary scenario. Is your cost savings rate up, down, or stagnant? Are you confident that you can continue making your set up repayments on your bank accounts? Are you eagerly anticipating enhancing your savings price? Once you know just how much money you presently need to work with, after that you will have the ability to address your long-term objectives for your financial investments. This enables you to increase your financial investments safely while preserving a practical degree of comfort concerning the future of your cost savings strategy. debt advisor
Obviously, saving money is only part of the picture. You also require to take a close consider your spending habits. As you work towards reaching your economic goals, are you tackling brand-new expenditures that don’t support your cost savings goals? Or are you remaining within the quantity of funds you currently have in order to attend to all of your various other requirements? There’s a huge difference between being traditional with your cash and also overspending, as well as keeping your monetary planning on track while being reasonable with your spending habits.
Last but not least, you must likewise take into consideration the expert nature of the advisor you choose. While there is some overlap in the area of financial investment planning as well as economic planning, you might want to speak with a financial planner as opposed to just an investment organizer. A monetary organizer has the education, experience, and also experience required to assist you achieve your objectives. They can aid you make long-term decisions, offer aid with tax obligation planning, as well as generally assist you to fulfill all of your long-term financial goals with a mix of great financial investments, smart investing, as well as understanding as well as recognition.
Apart from cash flow forecasts, a few of the various other financial planning techniques utilized include projecting, cost of funding, working funding monitoring, long term investment objectives, as well as liquidity funding. A number of economic consultants embrace different techniques for forecasting the demand for a product or service. Expense of resources evaluation is likewise frequently used by these economic experts. This evaluation establishes the precise cost of funding that can be acquired for reaching your collection goals and also objectives. Capital administration aids the company in establishing the exact quantity of cash money required for existing operations along with future procedures.
On the other hand, long-term financial investment objectives as well as services are also thought about by economic coordinators. These advisors supply long-lasting financial investment choices to their clients. Another important strategy utilized by these advisors is asset monitoring. This method includes the recognition, assessment and control of ideal exclusive or public assets for achieving the collection goals and also objectives.
It is really important to ensure that you trust the know-how of your economic planner. Prior to hiring an advisor, you should consult with him or her and inspect his/her qualifications. You should make certain that your economic planner has enough experience, she or he is chartered, and that he or she complies with great ethical concepts. In addition, you have to make certain that the expert under consideration is signed up with the proper regulatory authority. The regulatory authority will certainly make sure that the advisor has a superior track record and also the required licenses as well as qualifications. Roy Alame
If you are not satisfied with your choice, do not hesitate to shop around as well as discover an additional adviser. There are many firms that concentrate on supplying money working as a consultants and also consultants to their clients. You can get in touch with such companies online as well as learn the most effective financing consultants in your area. You can contrast their services and also fees and select one of the most ideal financial coordinator that fulfills your details objectives as well as objectives in your funds. | 7,438 | 3,149 | 17,490.755795 |
warc | 202143 | A MODEST PROPOSAL For Providing the Children of Poor People in Iraq with Clothing During the War of the United States of America and the United Kingdom of Britain on Iraq
By: Ali Azimi, April 8
th, 2003
It is a melancholy object to those who watch the news on the war in Iraq when they see the streets and the roads crowded with American and English gunmen that open fire on people and destroy their houses; and very rarely, when a reporter is lucky enough to record the rushing of American and English soldiers into the houses of Iraqi people, do we have a chance to see in what sort of houses these poor people are living.
During these 20 days of war in Iraq* there were many protest demonstrations in almost all countries of the world; out of more than 100 countries if we only consider those major ones that have everyday big anti-war demonstrations there will be more than 20countries that have thousands of protestors in at least five of their cities, who demonstrate their anger and disagreement by walking in the streets in groups and shouting “Stop the War!” or “We Want Peace!” and the most important of all, by burning the U.S. flags; As to my own part, having turned to my thoughts for hours upon this important subject, I have found among these actions the last one- their burning of the U.S. flag, grossly a mistake.
The number of people in Iraq, being usually reckoned 20,000,000, of these I calculate there are about 2,000,000 children under the age of six or seven, from which I subtract 1,000,000 children whose parents are to some degrees able to provide them with food and clothing; there remains 1,000,000 poor children that cannot be provided for by means of none of these methods currently in practice. I again subtract 90% of them for those children who are not much involved in the problems of the war, either because they live in out-of-reach places or because they have left their cities for a temporary period of time. Now, if we drop another 10,000 for those children who are either killed by the American and English invaders or have fled with their families to the neighboring countries, there still remains at least 90,000 Iraqi children that are the victims of a very terrible condition of living, with bombs that come onto them and without any food or clothing whatsoever. The question, therefore, is how this number shall be helped, which under the present situation of affairs is utterly impossible by all methods hitherto proposed.
I shall now therefore humbly propose my own thoughts, which I hope will not be liable to the least objection. As I have already computed, these days all around the world, there are at least 100anti-war demonstrations; if we consider that among the thousands of protestors in each city only 2U.S. flags are burnt per day, each of which is sometimes in its actual size (one meter in a half) –though usually larger than this and some cases even as large as three meters in two – the average size of a U.S. flag that is used for burning at these protest demonstrations can be measured as about two meters in one. Just keep it in mind that 200pieces of such cloth are now being burnt every day during the war in Iraq.
I have been assured by a knowledgeable scientist that by the burning of this much cloth, the amount of smoke which is everyday added to the air pollution of our planet is equal to the amount of smoke that 5,000 automobiles produce per day. The burning of the U.S. flag has also other disadvantages but as I have to long digressed, I therefore shall return to my subject.
I do therefore humbly offer my proposal to public consideration that the U.S. flags that we are burning to show our hatred toward the U.S. government shall instead contribute to the clothing of many poor children in Iraq; I am assured by a tailor of my acquaintance that with a 2×1 piece of cloth we can make one shirt and a pair of trousers fit for a child of six or seven and, according to what I have already computed, every day we can properly provide 200Iraqi poor children with clothing only by the use of those U.S. flags that we add to the pollution of the air by burning them a considerable amount of smoke per day. And if this war in Iraq, according to the many politicians who comment on the question of this war, takes as long as 6 months during these 200 or so days we can provide clothing for approximately 40,000 Iraqi poor children, almost half the total number of those who were seriously endangered.
There are other advantages that might be enumerated by this proposal; for instance we can use the off-cuts of the U.S. flags as bandages for those hundreds of wounded men and women in this war-stricken country. Some persons of a desponding spirit are in great concern about the vast number of those Iraqi people who hate the American government so much so that it is most probable that they will not let themselves to cover their children in U.S. flags and I have been desired to employ my thoughts what course may be taken to ease a nation of so grievous an encumbrance.
For those people who are so much against this ‘stars-and-strips’ design on these flags I recommend that they can wash it off these pieces of clothes in one way or the other, or they can cut the flags into such pieces that does not show the designs on their children’s new clothing, or in the case none of these solutions seems satisfactory they can use the pieces of the U.S. flags as diapers for their infant children, and even if this also distracts from their dignity they can cut the U.S. flags into strips and as far as there is no water in most Iraqi cities these days during the war they can use these strips of the U.S. flags for toilet papers. But I am not in the least pain upon that matter, because it is very well known that poor Iraqi people are every day getting murdered by the American and English soldiers at such a rate that they cannot be expected to be worried about this sort of questions.
I can think of no one objection that will probably be raised against this proposal. I desire the reader will observe that I calculate my proposal for the people of this individual country at this special span of time as a fast and easy method that can be very useful in this complicated situation of affairs.
After all I am not so violently bent upon my own opinion as to reject any offers proposed by wise men, which shall be found equally useful, cheap, easy and effectual. But before something of that kind shall be advanced in contradiction to my scheme, and offering a better, I desire those who dislike my overture, and may perhaps be so bold t attempt an answer, that they will first ask the Iraqi people themselves whether they would not at the present situation think it a good proposal in the manner I prescribed.
I profess, in the sincerity of my heart, that I have not the least personal interest in endeavoring to promote this necessary work, having no other motive than the public good of that specific country; I have no interest in wearing that kind of clothes at all; my wardrobe being full of fashionable clothes and my youngest brother long past infancy. | 7,192 | 3,214 | 15,948.159303 |
warc | 202143 | Broad Topic Area
The Web is pervading the world’s population. Global fluctuations in demographics result in varying levels of access and use of the Web, often dependant upon the development level and GDP of a country and/or its internal demographic groups. The division of information-“rich” and -“poor” can have profound effects upon segregation, especially given the economic and social benefits that may be gained through the Web – the largest information resource in the world.
Topic One: Historical Literature and Modern Hypertext
However, this phenomenon has occurred before, and continues to be observed. The development of woodblock printing and, later, moveable type brought information and knowledge to the masses, resulting in a process where information-rich and -poor demographics become closer together. Through intertextuality, texts have created references between works for millennia.
In this discipline, I propose to identify parallels or discrepancies between the pervasion of historical means of information dissemination (e.g. printed type) and the modern Web.
The term ‘intertextuality’ has been used by various linguists to represent different concepts. The first portion of my work will be to define intertextuality in the context of the study I wish to undertake. This is likely to be through those who have have drawn parallels between intertextuality and the Web.
Work this Week Review sources (including new sources). Arrange meeting with Mary Orr. New Sources Found
Intertextuality in the Fiction and Criticism (MUP 2005)
Preliminary Sources
Mary Orr. Intertextuality: Debates and Contexts.
Leu Jr et al. Toward a theory of new literacies emerging from the Internet and other information (2004).
Meeting with Prof. Mary Orr.
Topic Two: Sociology
With the above issues in mind, the Internet is likely to be tangibly altering communities. The second part of this study aims to identify modern-day implications of the Web worldwide, and how it may affect poorer countries. The exact definition of this section will become clearer following consultation with sources and researchers. Furthermore, findings from section one will inform the development of this section.
Mike Santer has experience of the transformations that are taking place, and is actively researching in the area. Meeting with him will yield additional sources and viewpoints that will inform this section.
Work this Week Arrange meeting with Mike Santer. Extend sources list, read literature. Preliminary Sources
Mohamed Ally. Mobile Learning: Transforming the Delivery of Education and Training.
www.ist-africa.org (Regional Impact of Information Society Technologies in Africa)
Collaboration with researchers active in the field (Mike Santer). Quintin Gee.
NB: This post delayed due to illness at the close of the previous week. | 2,885 | 1,431 | 5,693.389238 |
warc | 202143 | Spiritual Growth By Regression
Freedom Is An ‘Unlearning’
The natural process of being human allows for us to acquire conditioning or belief systems.
Only when they’ve been acquired, can they be ‘unacquired’.
It’s all about you.
If your mother was irritable and frowned at you when you were a baby, your subconscious mind determined that you were responsible for your mother’s state of happiness and state of unhappiness. This ‘seed’ is nurtured and grows and we experience being responsible for others’ emotional states - until we expose the belief system as faulty. This is the unlearning of ‘I am responsible for the emotional state of others’ and delivers freedom.
We can’t see what we need to unlearn.
The conscious mind, or what we are aware of, occupies between 2 – 4% of the brain (and could be compared to the tip of the iceberg) while the subconscious mind, or what we are not aware of, occupies 96 – 98% (and compares to the submersed portion of the iceberg). Which part of the mind is determining our experience of life? The bottom – the part that holds information or belief systems we are unaware of is the CEO of our experience of life. The Belief systems are showing us our experience of life in an attempt for us to ‘unlearn’ them. The exposure, using the 7 steps in BreakThrough disempowers the faulty belief systems. Freedom.
In
North America, call toll free: 1-866-693-8699
Email at brendamiller@eidnet.org
Call 1-403-793-8699 | 1,549 | 775 | 2,890.134194 |
warc | 202143 | I am both a liar and a hypocrite, well sorta. I’ve always claimed to be an advocate for mental health and have tried my best to do my part to help end the stigma. Ahhh, but when put to the test last week, I failed, sorta.
No need for details…..
Loss is loss, stress is stress and I’ve been dealing with a lot of shit behind the scenes. Despite the fact that I had been trying to prioritize my health and take the needed action to remain functional, there were a lot of outside factors beyond my control that prevented this. Seeing this, I contacted my doctor to see what I needed to do next in order to prevent further escalation.
The advice was simple, take a day or two off work, disconnect and find a place to feel safe. Simple sound advice that I was already well aware of but having it reinforced by a medical professional helped. So I did, sorta….
I told my boss I was throwing up.
Well, actually I texted him since I was in no condition to speak with anyone and be expected to be rational or willing to be held accountable for my actions. Shitting, vomiting, tripping balls on LSD or having a panic attack from hell, it didn’t matter, the bottom line was that I wasn’t coming in. I was in no condition to explain the situation nor in the mood to stress about it anymore.
Then it hit me.
The sense of guilt, shame, and hypocrisy. After all the shit I’ve talked about standing up and destigmatizing mental health, I lied to my boss. As stupid as it sounds, I take this seriously and would never preach what I myself don’t practice. Doing so would only make me just like the thousands of posers I despise with a passion.
So I fixed it.
In a brief moment of clarity, I decided to rent a small motorcycle since it was the only thing I could think of to get myself thinking right again. I rode down the coast until my shoulder went numb and got the cheapest room I could find then sat on the cliffs overlooking the ocean Saturday night for hours praying, crying and healing before riding back Sunday. It didn’t fix everything but it did give me a bit of insight on what I could take action on.
Facing the music
Nobody mentioned my absence and just assumed that if I said I was sick I was sick, no need for an explanation. At the same time, I still felt the guilt and had to face the fact that until I took action, I was a hypocrite and a liar so I pulled the boss aside at the end of the night and came clean on why I had called out.
He was surprised but not pissed and understood that, when I was texting him, my communication skills weren’t at their finest. He also respected the fact that I was man enough to be honest about it and told me to be upfront if it was an issue again. I didn’t go into details but I made it clear that I wasn’t sitting around dwelling and that I had been managing it fine but had gotten overloaded.
This sucks
But sadly, a lot of us have to face this. Either you take steps to manage it and learn how to cope and function or it can easily take control and run the show into the ground. Trust me, I’ve tried both ways and for years placed the blame on other people and situations while refusing to accept the fact that I was toxic. Once I started to accept the fact that I had some wires seriously crossed, I was able to learn how to reprogram how I process things and also recognize when I start going sideways.
It’s not easy and some days are total hell but there are enough good days to make up for the bullshit. The truth of the matter is that it keeps things interesting, I think I’d be bored outta my mind if I wasn’t fucked in the head. That said, if you’re struggling with any of this, please get professional help. I’m not saying you need meds (I only smoke weed) but having someone who knows how to help is a big help when things get dark. | 3,887 | 1,907 | 7,704.698479 |
warc | 202143 | What That you must Find out about Dwelling Improvement Plans
It is important that you already know what you might be doing before even trying a challenge. This article may help you figure out which jobs should never be tried and which ones are easy enough.
When doing a DIY residence improvement mission, put security first. Ensure you wear protecting gear similar to a hard hat and goggles when wanted. Use power tools (particularly ones you are not aware of) with excessive warning. Read the instructions and ask for assist when wanted. Home improvement shops are an amazing useful resource of knowledge.
Add weather stripping to doors and home windows to provide your home's energy effectivity an enormous increase. This is an affordable repair however can prevent lots of cash on heating and cooling prices for your home. It can even cut back these drafts that at all times seem to seem on chilly nights.
Installing carpet could be a daunting job if performed your self, or an expensive process if you happen to pay knowledgeable to do it. Happily there's an alternative. Very like vinyl flooring tiles, there are carpet tiles that exist. These too have adhesive backing that permits you to install them simply, and they give the impression of being just like real sheet carpeting when installed.
If Want To improve Your private home? Be taught Some Suggestions To help! has small holes from hanging footage or paintings, use paint and spackle to make the partitions look new. Go to your local dwelling improvement retailer to purchase the spackle. You don't need much for small holes. In case you have a really small hole, use a bobby pin, put somewhat spackle on it, and cover the outlet. Use an old bank card or just about anything with a straight, arduous edge to clean the dried spackle. Apply paint. This may completely transform the look of your wall.
When you've got an issue with privacy in your residing room or making an attempt to outline totally different areas, a terrific method to do that is through the use of privacy screens. Privateness screens come in a myriad of designs, and you might be positive to seek out one which matches your house. You may define totally different areas by installing your privacy screens in a means that blocks the view from that exact space.
You should look into making minor home repairs prior to placing your home on the market. This contains issues like fixing a cracked tile, a hole in a wall, or a squeaky door. Points like these could make the potential buyer fear that you have not taken care of the home properly and will make the purchaser surprise what worse issues are being lined up.
Seek the advice of knowledgeable for larger jobs. Even if you think you know what you might be doing, you can benefit from an expert's experience in the sphere. Knowledgeable has accomplished the job extra often than you've got and might help you find supplies, get the job performed faster and troubleshoot any issues.
Shopping for Learn how to Make Easy Home Improvements is not your solely art option. Three-dimension tiles can look really nice, as well. Choose a few 3D tile colors and arrange them decoratively for a creative artistic presentation.
Add a bit more swing to your property run swings when taking part in baseball, by placing a little bit uppercut into them. When it's a better pitch, add a bit of a slight uppercut to your swing to essentially send that ball flying. That sort of swing relies extra on powerful hip and midsection muscles to be successful, so that you additionally get an important workout.
One other quite simple but simple to complete enchancment is painting your property with a contemporary coat of paint. By buying The way to Deal With House Enchancment Easily with eye catching colors, you'll improve the overall look and mood of your home. Retouch the unique colour or presumably try a brand new, lively colour in your rooms.
If a slamming display screen door has your nerves rattled, apply a pearl-sized dab of silicone caulking on the areas of the doorjamb the place the door often hits the toughest. After allowing the silicone to dry for about three or 4 hours, you'll immediately discover a distinction in the best way the door shuts.
If your property improvement challenge is huge sufficient to require the assistance of knowledgeable contractor, you only wish to deal with one who is properly and fully insured. If there may be injury completed to your private home, and the contractor has no insurance, it might imply going to court docket and all the hassles that go with it. All you have to do is to discover a contractor and ask for their proof of insurance.
Some residence improvement mission are easier than others. Be lifelike about your stage of skill earlier than you sort out any home improvement venture. Painting and wall paneling are good initiatives for beginners and can shortly transform a room. Plumbing and electrical initiatives are finest left to qualified professionals unless you have expertise in these areas.
If you're new to house enchancment tasks, you might have to hunt the assistance or recommendation of knowledgeable. Using The way to Take Your property Enchancment Undertaking To The following Level provided to you in this text will assist you to make home repairs by yourself, which is able to save you money. | 5,357 | 2,601 | 10,998.22376 |
warc | 202143 | GOT STI/STD SYMPTOMS?
Most people don’t experience symptoms when they have a sexually transmitted infection (STI/STD). Those who do can often mistake the symptoms for a urinary tract infection. So detecting STIs can be difficult. The only way to be sure is with a sexual health check and STI test. These are quick and painless. If you have concerns, get checked and help stop the spread. Contact our sexual health clinic today.
Brisbane Centre for Sexual Health A Bulk Billed Sexual Health Clinic For Brisbane
Our sexual and reproductive health is a sensitive topic. So it can be difficult to reach out for help, guidance and support when its needed. For that reason, we have worked hard to build a relaxed and supportive environment, where you can feel comfortable. Our sexual health clinic offers:
Remember that sexual health issues can affect anyone, at any age and of any sexual orientation or preference. If you have symptoms or concerns speak to our dedicated sexual health practitioner. Standard sexual health checks and STI testing are bulk billed and quick to perform. Which means you can get it over and done with sooner. Book online in the practitioners tab or call us for appointments.
We also offer a range of other services to meet your needs. View the services tab for a list of our most common services. Call To Book *Medications, medical devices (such as contraceptive implants) and some tests or procedures are not eligible for bulk billing. Any fees will be discussed with you during a bulk billable visit prior to receiving those services. Services STI testing | STD testing > Bacterial infections: Chlamydia, Gonorrhoea, Syphilis > Viral infections: Genital Herpes, HPV, Hepatitis C, HIV, AIDs > Adult industry workers medical > HIV PREP & PEP information, advice and prescriptions Contraception > Short term options (oral medications) > Long term options (implants, coils, IUDs *Fees apply) Fertility & Pregnancy > Fertility/infertility counselling > Antenatal care > Ongoing maternity care > Postnatal checks and support > 6 week mum and bub checks Men’s Sexual Health > Sexual health checks > Erectile Dysfunction > Testicular Checks > Testosterone Deficiency Women’s Sexual Health > Sexual health checks > Pap smears/HPV testing > Endometriosis > Pelvic inflammatory disease > Other gynaecological issues (thrush, vaginitis & vaginosis) Additional Services > LGBTQ+ health support > Domestic violence support > Sexual education (“Birds and the Bees” | Periods | STIs | Contraception) *Medications, medical devices (such as contraceptive implants) and some tests or procedures are not eligible for bulk billing. Any fees will be discussed with you during a bulk billable visit prior to receiving those services. Practitioners Nurse Practitioner Sue Jamieson Sexual Health Nurse Practitioner | IUD Provider | Midwife Practitioner
NP. Sue has always had a special interest in the sexual and reproductive health of both men and women. She welcomes all, no matter what walk of life or orientation you associate with. As a midwife practitioner she can provide referrals for scans and comprehensive antenatal care.
Available:Monday-Wednesday 8:00am – 3:30pm *The GPs of the Family Practice also provide STI checks, pregnancy tests and contraception options 7 days a week. Reach Out To Us Contact Information P: (07) 3204 4222 A: 1380 Anzac Avenue Opening Hours
Monday, Tuesday Wednesday & 8:00am – 4:30pm
Note: We are located inside the Family Practice at Kallangur. Simply check-in at the Family Practice reception and you will be directed to our waiting area. This set up offers you extra privacy, because no one will know why you are there. Comforting right? We hope this makes you feel a little more confident visiting us. For more information please call us. Your Privacy Is Our Priority
Any information you share with us will be kept confidential.
This means we will not routinely discuss you with anyone else (including your GP). However, there are occasions where the law requires that we report certain information. This could be to Queensland Health or by legal request.
Chlamydia, syphilis, hepatitis A-E and HIV are also all considered notifiable communicable diseases. Diagnosis of these conditions is reported by the pathology laboratories to Queensland Health. A full list of notifiable conditions can be found on the
Queensland Health website For Teenagers
If you are aged between 14-17 years you can visit our clinic without a parent or guardian. We can also look-up your family Medicare details if you do not have your own Medicare Card. There are however, some rules to use this service. Firstly, you must be considered a mature minded/responsible person. Secondly, a parent/guardian will need to be notified of certain conditions such as pregnancy or severe illnesses like Hep C or HIV. In these cases we can mediate for you.
Read our
privacy policy to find out how we handle and store your information. *Online bookings available in “Practitioners” tab. | 5,055 | 2,390 | 10,558.393305 |
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.