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modified locomotive engine cooling systems are designed to reduce engine emissions and improve engine efficiency . the systems include separate main engine and turbocharger aftercooler coolant loops that are joined when extra engine cooling is required . studies determined that by reducing and optimizing the aftercooler loop coolant flow rate , the amount of heat transfer from the engine inlet air to the radiator cooling air could be increased . thus , a significant increase in aftercooling could be obtained by reducing the coolant temperature at the inlet of the aftercooler and this could be accomplished by reducing the rate of flow of coolant in the aftercooler loop . this improvement and how it may be applied in practice are fundamental features of the cooling system and method . | 5 |
Astrophysical observations have shown that some stars have sufficiently high carbon-to-oxygen ratios that planets they host would be mainly composed of carbides. However, it has been known that SiC reacts with water to form silica and gasses at temperatures as low as 700 K at very low pressure [1]. We have examined if this reaction proceeds under the pressure and temperature conditions relevant to planetary interiors in both laser-heated diamond anvil cell (LHDAC) and large volume press (LVP). LHDACs were loaded with powder of either the 6H or 3C polymorphs of SiC, and then H<SUB>2</SUB>O was injected as a medium. The samples were compressed to pressures of 20 and 40 GPa and then heated to temperatures between 1400 K and 1800 K while collecting in situ X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns. For LVP samples, SiC-6H powder was loaded with H<SUB>2</SUB>O into a Pt capsule, then compressed to 19 GPa and heated to 1200 K for one hour. XRD patterns from the LHDAC samples showed the transformation of SiC into SiO<SUB>2</SUB> stishovite. Raman spectroscopy confirmed these phases, as well as showing the presence of hydrocarbons. Raman measurements of the MAP sample confirmed the transformation into stishovite, while electron probe microanalysis showed very little carbon remained. This result indicates that the SiC + H<SUB>2</SUB>O → SiO<SUB>2</SUB> + CH<SUB>4</SUB> reaction also proceeds at high pressures and temperatures. It also implies that in the presence or with delivery of water, a carbide exoplanet would oxidize and turn into a silicate/oxide (therefore Earth-like) planet. However, in the case of carbide planets, the byproducts, specifically reduced carbon, could represent a metabolic source for biochemical reactions necessary to support life. <P />References: <P />[1] Yoshimura M. et al. JMR, 1986. | 9 |
Set of data and related python notebook for presentation of results obtained for the quantum dot square lattice model. | 9 |
a radio - frequency radiation suppressor component for use with magnetrons that reduces spurious leakage radiation by absorbing rf radiation , that seats a metal ring connector fixture for making electrical contact to the cathode of the magnetron , and that exhibits improved tolerance of higher operating voltages . an insulated rf suppressor component is comprised of an insulating sleeve member and an outer shell cladding layer made of molded composite iron powder / epoxy resin material that absorbs part of the rf radiation and thus acts as an absorber to reduce magnetron radiation leakage . the insulating sleeve end has a ridged groove indentation to seat a metal clamping ring that contacts the magnetron cathode and provides a terminal connection for the cathode voltage bias and filament heating circuit leads . testing of prototypes indicates significant improvement in permissible operating voltages and comparable rf suppression compared to conventional rf suppressor components currently in use . | 7 |
actuators employable for oscillating movement of a load . an improved actuator may include at least a first shape memory member that is actuatable to affect at least a portion of the oscillating movement of the load . the actuator may further include a second shape memory member actuatable to affect at least a second portion of the oscillating movement of the load . the utilization of one or more shape memory members facilitates the realization of controllable and reliable oscillating movement of a load in a compact manner . such actuators may be used in imaging catheters having an ultrasound transducer disposed for oscillating movement to scan across an internal region of interest . such imaging catheters may be used in generating three dimensional and / or real - time three dimensional images . | 0 |
a method of releasably securing an article with an audio recording includes handling a binder clip having audio circuitry with recordation and playback capabilities . the binder clip includes a pair of actuating arms and a gripping portion . the audio circuitry is in the form other than that of a cell phone attached to the binder clip . the method additionally includes compressing the pair of actuating arms of the binder clip above the gripping portion to expand the gripping portion and inserting at least a portion of the article into the gripping portion . the method further includes releasing the actuating arms so that the gripping portion grips the portion of the article inside the binder clip and recording audio onto the audio circuitry . | 8 |
an on - road energy conversion and vibration absorber apparatus receives the kinetic energy from moving vehicles and pedestrians when being weighed down , and converts the received kinetic energy into a potential energy using a restorable elastic element compressing a fluid thereby storing the potential energy in a pressure chamber , and then conducting the pressurized fluid to pass though a check valve along a conduit and drive a vane wheel by releasing its potential energy . the vane wheel in turn drives a generator to generate electric energy , and the vibration of the vehicles is alleviated by cushion effect provided by the apparatus . | 7 |
a computer system implemented method of creating and using artificial intelligence wherein the system includes a first table including at least one textual portion and at least one context phrase contained in the textual portion and the computer system is capable of communication via a network with the user using at least one electronic device , the method comprising : receiving at least one textual input from the user , extracting at least one portion of the textual input from the user and at least one context phrase therefrom , comparing each portion extracted from the textual input from the user to other portions extracted from the textual input from the user according to a first matching algorithm that utilizes the context phrases of each respective portion , and storing in the first table , the portions and respective context phrases that were extracted from the textual input from the user that satisfy the matching algorithm . | 6 |
a dust valve for the discharge line of a dust collection system includes a removable closet with two wear surfaces and a coacting removable valve door with two wear surfaces mounted within the valve body . once the coacting wear surfaces on the closet and the door are sufficiently worn that they need replacement , each element can be disconnected from its supporting structure , inverted , and then reconnected to the valve body so as to expose a new wear surface . the useful lives of these elements is thus doubled over conventional single wear surface closets and doors . | 5 |
the invention regards an apparatus for adjusting the yaw of a wind turbine adapted for mounting on a wind turbine comprising , a system for measuring the wind direction adapted , via a control signal , to control the yaw angle of the wind turbine based on the wind direction , and a wind sensor system adapted to determine the yaw error of the wind turbine , and means for modifying the control signal based on the yaw error determined by the wind sensor system . | 8 |
the present invention relates to a highly efficient method of preparing modified microcapsules exhibiting selective targeting . these microcapsules are suitable for encapsulation surface attachment of therapeutic and diagnostic agents . in one aspect of the invention , surface charge of the polymeric material is altered by conjugation of an amino acid ester to the providing improved targeting of encapsulated agents to specific tissue cells . examples include encapsulation of radiodiagnostic agents in 1 μm capsules to provide improved opacification and encapsulation of cytotoxic agents in 100 μm capsules for chemoembolization procedures . the microcapsules are suitable for attachment of a wide range of targeting agents , including antibodies , steroids and drugs , which may be attached to the microcapsule polymer before or after formation of suitably sized microcapsules . the invention also includes microcapsules surface modified with hydroxyl groups . various agents such as estrone may be attached to the microcapsules and effectively targeted to selected organs . | 0 |
this invention relates to protein structures , to methods of producing those protein structures , and to peptides used in the formation of the protein structures . | 0 |
in a telecommunications duplicated synchronous switch where switching in bit synchronism is carried out and fault detection is by discrepancy checking between the duplicate switch planes , determination of the faulty plane is provided by the data being carried in switched bytes grouped into data frames , each frame carrying check data in respect of data from an earlier frame . corruption of data in a frame is thus indicated by information in a later frame . | 7 |
the invention provides a process for producing a transparent polyactic acid material , comprising the steps of : kneading a polyactic acid with a monomer having two or more double bonds in its molecule ; molding the kneaded product at a temperature of from the melting point of the polyactic acid to 200 ° c . to obtain a molded article ; quenching the molded article after molding ; and subjecting the quenched molded article to crosslinking treatment so as to prevent molecules of the polylactic acid from undergoing recrystallization . also disclosed is a transparent polyactic acid material produced by the process . | 2 |
a digital subscriber line communicating system having a central office and a remote terminal connected through a telephone line , the transmitting side comprising a sliding window transmitting unit for transmitting dmt symbols according to the sliding window through the telephone line to the receiving side , and the receiving side comprising a sliding window receiving unit for receiving dmt symbols according to the sliding window from the transmitting side , the sliding window indicating the phase of cross - talk condition due to a tcm - isdn transmission at the receiving side , whereby tcm cross - talk can be reduced without largely departing from the standard system . | 7 |
Laxy Genomics Pipelines | 9 |
the system of ultra light - weight demountable stations , for exhibiting articles and attending customers , according to the present invention , comprises at least one universal module of the system , with elliptical cross section , easily assembling , without mechanical elements of nailing , and with great strength . said universal module , can be optionally joined to a connector module which allows the union of two or more universal modules in a curve or straight shape or in three or more ways . the universal module or the connector module can be also optionally joined to a wing module , or to a multiple exhibition applications . all these components of the system act as basic pieces for creating a plurality of exhibition stations , which can be growing in the horizontal and / or vertical direction . | 0 |
an integrated circuit handling , packaging and testing apparatus in the form of a testable chip carrier comprising a rigid substrate onto which a chip may be bonded , and which provides a high density interconnect pattern orthogonally aligned to the chip bond pads for wire bonding thereto . the interconnect also provides external bonding points patterned for similar orthogonal alignment to the external device to which the chip is to be connected , and the dimensions of the carrier are substantially smaller than an equivalent standard or custom package type . a hermetic or non - hermetic seal lidding operation may be carried out on the chip and carrier . the carrier also provides a detachable test perimeter allowing full - functional testing and burn - in of the attached wire - bonded chip prior to placement on a printed circuit board or multi - chip module . signal integrity is improved by the exact alignment of the carrier - to - chip and carrier - to - external device connections , and manufacturing techniques allow for the use of optimum interconnect materials , multi - layer structures and the addition of passive components external to the chip . the carriers may be integrated with heatsinks . | 7 |
a tape rule marking implement in which a support member is additionally mounted on the ruler blade output opening at the front end of a tape rule , with a marking implement installed at the corner at one side of its anterior extremity , thereby providing for convenient marking when measurements are taken as well as higher practical value . | 1 |
We construct a theoretical framework to study Population III (Pop III) star formation in the post-reionization epoch (z ≲ 6) by combining cosmological simulation data with semi-analytical models. We find that due to radiative feedback (i.e. Lyman-Werner and ionizing radiation) massive haloes ( $M_{\rm halo}\gtrsim 10^{9}\ \rm M_{\odot }$ ) are the major (≳90 per cent) hosts for potential Pop III star formation at z ≲ 6, where dense pockets of metal-poor gas may survive to form Pop III stars, under inefficient mixing of metals released by supernovae. Metal mixing is the key process that determines not only when Pop III star formation ends, but also the total mass, M<SUB>PopIII</SUB>, of active Pop III stars per host halo, which is a crucial parameter for direct detection and identification of Pop III hosts. Both aspects are still uncertain due to our limited knowledge of metal mixing during structure formation. Current predictions range from early termination at the end of reionization (z ∼ 5) to continuous Pop III star formation extended to z = 0 at a non-negligible rate $\sim \!10^{-7}\ \rm M_{\odot }\ yr^{-1}\ Mpc^{-3}$ , with $M_{\rm PopIII}\sim 10^{3}-10^{6}\ \rm M_{\odot }$ . This leads to a broad range of redshift limits for direct detection of Pop III hosts, z<SUB>PopIII</SUB> ∼ 0.5-12.5, with detection rates $\lesssim 0.1-20\ \rm arcmin^{-2}$ , for current and future space telescopes (e.g. HST, WFIRST, and JWST). Our model also predicts that the majority (≳90 per cent) of the cosmic volume is occupied by metal-free gas. Measuring the volume-filling fractions of this metal-free phase can constrain metal-mixing parameters and Pop III star formation. | 9 |
an apparatus used in conjunction with a fuel storage tank for processing alternate liquid fuels is provided . the apparatus comprises a fuel filter , variable speed power source , positive displacement pump , a fuel heater , gear reduction and a static mixer arranged in series between inlet and outlet ports of the same storage tank . the alternate liquid fuel components are advanced through the series between the two ports to achieve the necessary mixture desired for combustion . | 8 |
a method and apparatus for suppressing smoke employs a fine spray of water droplets that are electrically charged opposite to the charge of soot particles in the smoke . a hand held housing contains a rotary shaft which carries a cup that spins within an air nozzle when the shaft is rotated . electrically charged water is applied to flared inside surface of the cup and moves by centrifugal action to an annular lip on the end of the cup . an air driven turbine drives the shaft , and the compressed air used to power the turbine is passed through the nozzle where it helps to atomize and spray the water discharging from the lip on the spinning cup . the entire metal assembly within the insulated housing is maintained at a high electrical potential to effectively charge the water . | 1 |
an insulation - dome former adapted for receiving and retaining available thermal insulation materials within , and weather strip - type gasketing on the exterior surfaces of same for the purpose of use above a folding stair - type hatch opening where a common - type heat loss condition usually exists . a moisture barrier insert is used when moisture resistant materials for the dome former are not employed . | 4 |
this invention relates to the use of one or more cannabinoids in the treatment of epilepsy and more particularly to the use of one or a combination of cannabinoids in the treatment of generalized or partial seizure . in one embodiment it relates to the use of the cannabinoid thcv , as a pure or isolated compound , or as a plant extract in which significant amounts of any thc naturally present has been selectively removed . in another embodiment the phytocannabinoid is cbd . | 0 |
systems and methods for analyzing link name page visits are disclosed herein . according to one embodiment , one or more computer readable storage media encoded with instructions executable by one or more processing units of a computing system is disclosed . the instructions may comprise instructions for determining if logged data satisfies a first set of criteria , storing an entry indicative of the logged data and a page type , updating a lead score corresponding to the logged data , determining if the logged data satisfies a second set of criteria , and generating an automated mailing signal responsive , at least in part , to determining the visit satisfies the second set of criteria . | 6 |
a heat exchanger is provided comprising a stack of heat exchanger plates formed of sheet metal having a three - dimensional structured pattern , each heat exchanger plate having a groove , a gasket being arranged in said groove and resting against an adjacent heat exchanger plate , said groove having a bottom inner surface , said inner surface bottom having at least a protrusion directed to said adjacent heat exchanger plate . it is intended to minimize the risk of a leakage . to this end in the region of said protrusion said gasket is compressed more than in a region out of said protrusion . | 5 |
the invention provides a data handover unit for transferring data from a furst clock domain to a second clock domain , comprising : a first clock unit operable to supply a first clock signal ; a selector stage operable to sample an incoming data stream with respect to the first clock signal ; a second clock unit operable to supply a second clock signal ; a storage unit coupled with the selector stage , wherein the storage unit has a first plurality of storage elements each of which is operable to store one bit of data of the sampled data stream , an output unit for parallelly reading out a fram of data from a second plurality of storage elements included in the first plurality of storage elements with respect to the second clock signal , wherein the selector stage is further operable to successively write the data bits of the sampled data stream into the first plurality of storage elements and to store the respective data bits of the sampled data stream in the respective storage elements until they were read out by the output unit . | 6 |
the invention is a device used as a prop in dance and performances . in particular fire dancing , light performances and other performances such as belly dancing . the specification describes the current need for a performance device that allows the user a greater freedom of movement and the ability to rapidly reconfigure the shape and function of the performance device . this device consists of a flat , crescent shaped body with a center area for gripping and two arms with attachments for wicks or lights . the device has holes in the grip area which allow the user to spin the device on a finger or thumb . the device has screw holes and , in some embodiment &# 39 ; s , magnets , in the grip area and along the arms that allow the user to attach multiple units together to form difference shapes . wicks or lights can easily be removed for rapid replacement or reconfiguration of props . | 5 |
can ironing die members for use in a tool pack assembly which is part of a can body making apparatus used in forming cups into can bodies and wherein each can ironing die member is mounted in a fixedly mounted holding member so that the can ironing die member can be moved in radial directions by the cup from an initial location to a new location if the longitudinal axes of the cup and the can ironing die member are not in alignment and retaining apparatus for retaining the can ironing die member at the new location until moved again by an out of alignment cup . also , the can ironing die member can be rotated relative to the holding member . | 1 |
a process for producing an improved non - volatile storage cell of the metal - ferroelectric - semiconductor type is provided . the non - volatile storage cell has at least one metal - ferroelectric - semiconductor transistor formed in a semiconductor substrate and having a source , a drain , and a gate . the gate is insulated from the source and the drain by a ferroelectric layer . the transistor has at least one lateral programming electrode in contact with the ferroelectric layer and insulated from the gate . in a preferred embodiment the cell also has a dielectric layer interposed between the ferroelectric layer and the substrate . particular utility for the present invention is found in the area of static memory devices , although other utilities are contemplated . | 6 |
In recent years, certain luminous extragalactic optical transients have been observed to last only a few days<SUP>1</SUP>. Their short observed duration implies a different powering mechanism from the most common luminous extragalactic transients (supernovae), whose timescale is weeks<SUP>2</SUP>. Some short-duration transients, most notably AT2018cow (ref. <SUP>3</SUP>), show blue optical colours and bright radio and X-ray emission<SUP>4</SUP>. Several AT2018cow-like transients have shown hints of a long-lived embedded energy source<SUP>5</SUP>, such as X-ray variability<SUP>6,7</SUP>, prolonged ultraviolet emission<SUP>8</SUP>, a tentative X-ray quasiperiodic oscillation<SUP>9,10</SUP> and large energies coupled to fast (but subrelativistic) radio-emitting ejecta<SUP>11,12</SUP>. Here we report observations of minutes-duration optical flares in the aftermath of an AT2018cow-like transient, AT2022tsd (the `Tasmanian Devil'). The flares occur over a period of months, are highly energetic and are probably nonthermal, implying that they arise from a near-relativistic outflow or jet. Our observations confirm that, in some AT2018cow-like transients, the embedded energy source is a compact object, either a magnetar or an accreting black hole. | 9 |
a programmable data collector that can interactively act with the person using same is disclosed . the logic responsible for the interactive ability of the data collector is programmed on a personal computer through a graphical flow - charting interface . the flow chart is processed by software that analyzes the flow chart and converts it into script that can run in the data collector . the script is loaded via a personal computer into the data collector where it is stored in nonvolatile memory . once stored in the data collector , the script is executed by the data collector when an initiating event occurs . | 6 |
the invention provides a novel interconnector of presscontact type of a rod - like configuration used as sandwiched between two circuit boards for electric connection therebetween . different from the conventional interconnectors of the similar types composed of a rod - like member of an insulating rubbery elastomer and a plurality of linear conductive bodies embedded in the rod member penetrating therethrough , the inventive interconnector is further provided with at least one insulating sheet member made of a material with higer rigidity than the rubbery elastomer as embedded within or bonded to the surface of the rod member extending longitudinally . by virtue of the sheet member , the poisson deformation of the rod member in the longitudinal direction under a compression is prevented so as to improve the reliability of the electric connection . further , the sheet member is bent or curved as viewed in the longitudinal direction so as to facilitate absorption of the local stress in the rod member under compression in contribution to further improvement of the stability in the electric connection with the interconnector . | 7 |
disclosed is a continuous process for separating or extracting proteins from a low grade mixture of a protein of interest , other proteins , impurities , and salts in a continuous simulated moving bed separation process . the invention provides for direct extraction of heme protein and plant protein from a crude mixture of such proteins , other proteins , impurities and salts using the chromatographic technique of simulated moving bed continuous chromatography . the smb process combines the steps of feed loading , adsorbent washing , product elution , adsorbent regeneration , and adsorbent equilibration . the novel strong anion exchange resin adsorbent is a quaternary amine cross - linked microcellulose wherein the microcellulose is cross - linked with epichlorohydrin and the quaternary amine is 2 , 3 - epoxypropyltrimethyl - ammonium chloride which exhibits selective adsorption of proteins and complete regeneration . purified protein separated in this manner may provide human health benefits by providing greater medicinal and nutrition opportunities from low quality protein sources . | 1 |
a method and apparatus enables a newly installed peripheral device such as a disk device to be used with a computer system without changing the operating system . the peripheral device is identified as a type which is not recognized by an operating system operating in conjunction with the computer system . a value which identifies at least one logical attribute of said peripheral device is obtained from said peripheral device . a determination is made as to whether the operating system and the peripheral device are compatible based on the logical attribute obtained from the peripheral device . the operating system and the peripheral device communicate if it is determined that the operating system and the peripheral device are compatible . | 6 |
the present invention is a web based operating system that provides general access to resources distributed throughout the internet . it provides a graphical user interface through which users may perform common “ desktop ” operations , such as invoking applications , copying files , and setting sharing attributes of files , and translate them to the operations that are appropriate for the resources that are the target of the request . additionally , the invention provides a general - purpose attribute store or registry to keep the persistent state needed by the webtop and other applications , including users preferences , application - invocation information , and application settings and any other attribute - type information . | 7 |
a fabrication method for producing a hollow three dimensional object is disclosed . the method includes disposing a layer of adhesive over a top surface of an elastic material , disposing a layer of fabric to the top surface of the elastic material , such that the layer of adhesive secures the layer of fabric to the elastic material , applying a silkscreen stencil to the outward facing side of the layer of fabric , applying printable material to the outward facing side of the layer of fabric via the silkscreen stencil , applying heat to set the printable material to the layer of fabric , pressing an inside surface of a mold against the top surface of the elastic material , so as to produce a first three - dimensional object having an open end and removing excess elastic material from a rim of the open end of the first three - dimensional object . | 8 |
a tuner uses a bank of tracking filters to preselect a channel to be received . each tracking filter covers a range of frequencies . the tracking filters are tunable in frequency using switched capacitors and are tunable in gain by using switched resistors . the switched resistors can be controlled by an automatic gain control circuit that monitors the selected signal and adjust the tracking filter gain to achieve a desired signal level . a switch directs the received signal or signal from a test tone generator into the tracking filters . the test tone , generated by a frequency agile circuit , can be used to calibrate the filters , both in frequency and gain . | 7 |
an estimating execution for an inner surface portion adhesion fuel amount is practiced distinctlly and independently to an execution processing for a basic fuel injection amount . a correction coefficient to be multiplied by the basic fuel injection amount is calculated in accordance with the estimation execution for the inner wall surface portion adhesion fuel amount . the correction coefficient is multiplied by the basic fuel injection amount . since the fuel injection amount is corrected in accordance with the estimated inner surface portion adhesion fuel amount , an air - fuel ratio during a transitional period of an engine can be maintained at a desirable value . | 5 |
in order to improve engine warm - up characteristics under cold climatic conditions and to safegard against possible unintentional overfilling of the of the cooling circuit of an evaporative type automotive cooling system wherein the coolant is permitted to boil and the vapor used as a vehicle for removing heat from the engine , the ambient temperature or a parameter which varies with the same is sensed and the control of the cooling system modified accordingly . one main feature comes in the control which is effected to reduce the surface area of the radiator of the system in which the coolant vapor is condensed is modified to avoid overfilling and possible damage due to overpressurization . | 5 |
apparatus and method for estimating the 3d orientation angles for remotely deployed devices with flexible arms such as dipole antennas of receivers used in marine controlled - source electromagnetic surveys to explore for hydrocarbons . acoustic transponders or transducers , or other positioning sensors such as attitude sensors or strain - sensitive fiber optic cables are placed on each electrode arm of the receiver . acoustic sensors on the receiver frame work in conjunction with the positioning sensor on the electrode arms to provide accurate 3d spatial position of the receiver electrodes relative to the receiver frame . alternatively , sonar transducers mounted on the frame are used to image the electrode arms , which image can be enhanced by fixing reflectors to the arms . an attitude sensor is mounted on the receiver frame , enabling conversion of the relative electrode positions to an earth reference frame . | 6 |
We analyze the wavelength dependence of the far-infrared polarization fraction toward the OMC-1 star-forming region using observations from HAWC+/SOFIA at 53, 89, 154, and 214 μm. We find that the shape of the far-infrared polarization spectrum is variable across the cloud and that there is evidence of a correlation between the slope of the polarization spectrum and the average line-of-sight temperature. The slope of the polarization spectrum tends to be negative (falling toward longer wavelengths) in cooler regions and positive or flat in warmer regions. This is very similar to what was discovered in ρ Oph A via SOFIA polarimetry at 89 and 154 μm. Like the authors of this earlier work, we argue that the most natural explanation for our falling spectra is line-of-sight superposition of differing grain populations, with polarized emission from the warmer regions and less-polarized emission from the cooler ones. In contrast with the earlier work on ρ Oph A, we do not find a clear correlation of polarization spectrum slope with column density. This suggests that falling spectra are attributable to variations in grain alignment efficiency in a heterogeneous cloud consistent with radiative torques theory. Alternative explanations in which variations in grain alignment efficiency are caused by varying gas density rather than by varying radiation intensity are disfavored. | 9 |
this invention provides an improved compact fine wire incandescent lamp coiled - coil filament and method for making the same . the filament has a secondary mandrel ratio in the range of about 3 . 0 and a primary mandrel ratio which is less than or equal to the secondary mandrel ratio . the length between supports is kept less than or equal to 20 times the secondary diameter . the improved filament design exhibits an increase in compactness and retains or increases structural rigidity while exhibiting minimal sag when the filament is incorporated into an incandescent lamp of the tungsten halogen type variety . the compact coiling method is particulalry useful in designing compact filaments for high voltage applications where it is desirable to eliminate the use of rectifying means to lower the effective voltage across the filament . | 7 |
core part of the MIROC-ES2L model used for CMIP6 We upload this for the editor and reviewers of Ohgaito et al. entitled "PMIP4 experiments using MIROC-ES2L Earth System Model", which was submitted to Geoscientific Model Development. | 9 |
a reciprocating piston machine , such as an internal combustion engine , is provided with a piston translator arrangement operated by a pair of oppositely rotatable crankshaft means disposed on opposed sides of the cylinder longitudinal axis such that the piston moves in a true straightline motion . this arrangement enhances ultimately possible compressions and improves operating efficiency since debilitating cylinder sidewall pressure by the piston is eliminated and forces are carried by two shaft systems , instead of one . an arrangement for removal of the piston from the cylinder , uniquely adapted for straightline motion piston running , is also disclosed . | 5 |
a method includes generating source code corresponding to a block diagram model and generating hypertext links associating elements of the generated source code with elements of the block diagram model . | 6 |
a filter strip is provided for rolling sheets to construct custom cigars and / or cigarettes . the filter strip may be made of a deformable material which can be positioned on one end of the rolling sheet . the filter strip can be folded in a zig zag or spiral filter section with open section located longitudinally below to form a filter tip . the filter tip can assist the user in rolling by hand a substantially cylindrical or conical cigar or cigarette . the filter tip prevents tobacco filler material from being drawn through the cigar or cigarette and into a user &# 39 ; s mouth , and permits the entire amount of tobacco filler to be consumed / smoked without risking burned hands and / or lips . | 0 |
an air - cushion vehicle toy includes a first motor for driving a propeller fan , a second motor for driving a hovering fan , and a body detachably mounted on a chassis , on which a power supply is supported , and covering the upper surface of the chassis with various components supported thereon . the air - cushion vehicle toy further includes a power cutoff mechanism for breaking a power supply circuit to deenergize the first and second motors when the body is removed from the chassis . | 0 |
a method of managing accounts relating to presentation instruments includes receiving at a host computer system information from a client defining an account management rule . the rule includes an event , a condition , and an action to be taken if the condition is satisfied upon the occurrence of the event . the method also includes monitoring a plurality of accounts for the occurrence of the event , upon the occurrence of the event for a specific account , evaluating the condition , based on the evaluation , taking the action , thereby managing the account without human intervention , and providing notification of the action to an individual . | 6 |
a holder for containers , such as pop cans , beverage cups and the like has a back panel designed to be mounted on generally vertical support . the holder at its lower end has a base member to seat the bottom of the container and at its upper end a pair of arms designed to embrace and hold the container . the arms are supported on a track for independent sliding movement to provide adjustment of the size of the opening between the arms . detent means provide resistance to the sliding movement at various increments of spacing between the arms . | 1 |
disclosed are salts of the general formula wherein r 1 , r 2 and as defined in the description and a process for the preparation thereof . these salts are useful intermediates for the preparation of cefdinir . | 2 |
image decoding method including : receiving an encoded bitstream including information of i and p frames ; and executing motion compensation by synthesizing a predicted image of a current frame using motion vector information included in the encoded bitstream and a previously - decoded reference image . the motion compensation includes calculating intensity values at points where no pixels actually exist by bilinear interpolation performable using a positive rounding method and a negative rounding method ; wherein the bilinear interpolation is performed using the rounding method specified by rounding method information included in the encoded bitstream of the current frame when the current frame is a p frame ; wherein the rounding method information is included in a header section of the coded information of the current frame ; and wherein the rounding method information is not received from the encoded bitstream of the current frame when the current frame is an i frame . | 6 |
this invention concerns a novel viterbi decoding apparatus and method in which a survivor path unit implements the traceback method with a ram which stores path information in a manner which allows fast read access without requiring physical partitioning of the ram . this results in an implementation that requires less chip area than conventional solutions . | 7 |
according to the invention , heat generated inside a vacuum interrupter is to be extracted , essentially by means of the pins of the contact pieces and , in order to improve the transmission of heat , a first slide contact surface of a slide contact arrangement is provided on a pin , whereby the first slide contact surface is arranged on a first section of a pin which comprises an enlarged circumference relative to the remaining sections of the pin . | 7 |
a product in which at least a portion of the product has a nanocrystalline microstructure , and a method of forming the product . the method generally entails machining a body in a manner that produces chips consisting entirely of nano - crystals as a result of the machining operation imposing a sufficiently large strain deformation . the body can be formed of a variety of materials , including metal , metal alloy and ceramic materials . furthermore , the body may have a microstructure that is essentially free of nano - crystals , and may even have a single - crystal microstructure . the chips produced by the machining operation may be in the form of particulates , ribbons , wires , filaments and / or platelets . the chips are then used to form the product . according to one aspect of the invention , the chips are consolidated to form the product , such that the product is a monolithic material that may contain nano - crystals . according to another aspect of the invention , the chips are dispersed in a matrix material , such that the product is a composite material in which the chips serve as a reinforcement material . | 2 |
apparatus for enabling a user to selectively defeat the toll - call restriction system . the apparatus is comprised of means for applying a tone to the telephone lines through the calling telephone mouthpiece . detection means responsive to the tone sets a flip flop which functions to inhibit the activation of a relay normally used to disrupt the connection between the calling phone and telephone lines when an unpermitted telephone number is dialed . | 7 |
a mass spectrograph combining one or more magnetic deflections with the action of electrostatic fields , characterized by the fact that the system is circularly symmetrical ; by the fact that the ions are injected radially from a source constituted by a heated circular filament and a pair of small ring - shaped magnets which confine the ionizing electrons to the interior or exterior periphery of the analyzer system per se ; by the fact that the first pair of deflection magnets of the analyzer system is ring shaped ; and by the fact that the selective action of the other fields , in particular the electrostatic fields , is due to the prior dispersion obtained by the first magnetic induction . | 7 |
novel polymers derived from either acryloylaminobenzoic acid or methacryloylaminobenzoic acid are provided . the method of producing these polymers involves a free radical polymerization of the monomer at relatively low temperatures in an aqueous solution which contains an alkali metal hydroxide and a free radical initiator . | 2 |
an alerting method for recharging a battery of a mobile device . the method includes collecting measured data with the mobile device , comparing the measured data with a statistic model of recharging patterns of the mobile device , determining if it is currently a suitable time for charging the battery of the mobile device according to a predetermined relation in the statistic model , and alerting a user of the mobile device to recharge the battery if it is currently a suitable time for charging the battery of the mobile device . | 7 |
The next-generation Very Large Array (ngVLA) is an astronomical observatory planned to operate at centimeter wavelengths (25 to 0.26 centimeters, corresponding to a frequency range extending from 1.2 to 116 GHz). The observatory will be a synthesis radio telescope constituted of approximately 244 reflector antennas each of 18 meters diameter, and 19 reflector antennas each of 6 meters diameter, operating in a phased or interferometric mode. We provide a technical overview of the Reference Design of the ngVLA. This Reference Design forms a baseline for a technical readiness assessment and the construction and operations cost estimate of the ngVLA. The concepts for major system elements such as the antenna, receiving electronics, and central signal processing are presented. | 9 |
a disintegrative member , such as a salt core , is provided with a vent opening extending through its thickness from an outer surface to an inner surface in order to allow gases to pass radially inwardly through the body of the salt core and away from a region proximate the salt core &# 39 ; s outer surface . the escape of these gases through the vent opening decreases the likelihood that porosity will be formed as a result of those gases being trapped in a region proximate the outer surface of the salt core because the molten metal solidifies more slowly in this area because of the thermal insulative qualities of the disintegrative member . | 1 |
We present the B-fields mapped in IRDC G34.43+0.24 using 850 μm polarized dust emission observed with the POL-2 instrument at the James Clerk Maxwell telescope. We examine the magnetic field geometries and strengths in the northern, central, and southern regions of the filament. The overall field geometry is ordered and aligned closely perpendicular to the filament’s main axis, particularly in regions containing the central clumps MM1 and MM2, whereas MM3 in the north has field orientations aligned with its major axis. The overall field orientations are uniform at large (POL-2 at 14″ and SHARP at 10″) to small scales (TADPOL at 2.″5 and SMA at 1.″5) in the MM1 and MM2 regions. SHARP/CSO observations in MM3 at 350 μm from Tang et al. show a similar trend as seen in our POL-2 observations. TADPOL observations demonstrate a well-defined field geometry in MM1/MM2 consistent with MHD simulations of accreting filaments. We obtained a plane-of-sky magnetic field strength of 470 ± 190 μG, 100 ± 40 μG, and 60 ± 34 μG in the central, northern, and southern regions of G34, respectively, using the updated Davis-Chandrasekhar-Fermi relation. The estimated value of field strength, combined with column density and velocity dispersion values available in the literature, suggests G34 to be marginally critical with criticality parameter λ values 0.8 ± 0.4, 1.1 ± 0.8, and 0.9 ± 0.5 in the central, northern, and southern regions, respectively. The turbulent motions in G34 are sub-Alfvénic with Alfvénic Mach numbers of 0.34 ± 0.13, 0.53 ± 0.30, and 0.49 ± 0.26 in the three regions. The observed aligned B-fields in G34.43+0.24 are consistent with theoretical models suggesting that B-fields play an important role in guiding the contraction of the cloud driven by gravity. | 9 |
ketoxime - and amide - functionalized nanomaterials . the nanomaterials including a nanomaterial comprising a carbon nanotube or a carbon nanofiber . at least one ketoxime group coupled to a first location on the nanomaterial , and at least one amide group coupled to a second location on the nanomaterial . | 2 |
In this work, we study the magnetic field morphology of selected star-forming clouds spread over the galactic latitude (b) range -10° to 10°. The polarimetric observations of clouds CB24, CB27 and CB188 are conducted to study the magnetic field geometry of those clouds using the 104 cm Sampurnanand Telescope (ST) located at ARIES, Manora Peak, Nainital, India. These observations are combined with those of 14 further low latitude clouds available in the literature. Most of these clouds are located within a distance range 140-500 pc except for CB3 (~2500 pc), CB34 (~1500 pc), CB39 (~1500 pc) and CB60 (~1500 pc). Analyzing the polarimetric data of 17 clouds, we find that the alignment between the envelope magnetic field ( ${\theta }_{B}^{\mathrm{env}}$ ) and galactic plane (GP) (θ <SUB>GP</SUB>) of the low-latitude clouds varies with their galactic longitudes (l). We observe a strong correlation between the longitude (l) and the offset ( ${\theta }_{\mathrm{off}}=| {\theta }_{B}^{\mathrm{env}}-{\theta }_{\mathrm{GP}}| $ ) which shows that ${\theta }_{B}^{\mathrm{env}}$ is parallel to the GP when the clouds are situated in the region 115° < l < 250°. However, ${\theta }_{B}^{\mathrm{env}}$ has its own local deflection irrespective of the orientation of θ <SUB>GP</SUB> when the clouds are at l < 100° and l > 250°. To check the consistency of our results, the stellar polarization data available in the Heiles catalog are overlaid on the DSS image of the clouds having mean polarization vector of field stars. The results are almost consistent with the Heiles data. A systematic discussion is presented in the paper. The effect of turbulence in the cloud is also studied which may play an important role in causing the misalignment phenomenon observed between ${\theta }_{B}^{\mathrm{env}}$ and θ <SUB>GP</SUB>. We have used Herschel (Herschel is an ESA space observatory with science instruments provided by European-led Principal Investigator consortia and with important participation from NASA.) SPIRE 500 μm and SCUBA 850 μm dust continuum emission maps in our work to understand the density structure of the clouds. | 9 |
an apparatus and a method for forming a substrate having a palladium metal layer over at least one contact point of the substrate and having a flexible conductive polymer bump , preferably a two - stage epoxy , on the palladium plated contact point , are provided . the present invention also relates to assemblies comprising one or more of these substrates . | 7 |
an object is to provide a clock supply circuit capable of supplying a clock signal with a short oscillation stabilization waiting time . there is provided a clock supply circuit having a filter removing from a first clock signal pulses having a shorter pulse width than a threshold value and passing pulses having a longer pulse width than the threshold value to thereby output a second clock signal ; and a divider dividing the second clock signal to thereby output a third clock signal . | 6 |
a rotor of a superconductive rotary electric machine is disclosed in which fillers are inserted between the superconductive magnetic field coils and a plurality of padding plates which cover the entire side face of the superconductive field coils so that all the turns of the superconductive magnetic field coils are firmly secured . the rotor therefore can be stably operated . | 7 |
a circuitry is provided with a first switching contact . a first spacer is laminated on the circuitry so as to provide a first space above the first switching contact . a first , elastic sheet member is laminated on the first spacer and provided with a second switching contact opposing to the first switching contact in the first space . the first sheet member is operable to deform while using the first space to bring the second switching contact into an electrical contact with the first switching contact . a second spacer is laminated on the first sheet member so as to provide a second space above a first part of the first sheet member . a second sheet member is laminated on the second spacer , the second sheet member being operable to deform while using the second space to thereby deform the first part of the first sheet member . an elastic member is interposed between the first sheet member and the second sheet member at the second space . the elastic member has an elastic deformability which is higher than an elastic deformability of the first sheet member . | 7 |
a field effect transistor is provided . the field effect transistor includes a semiconductor region formed on a substrate , wherein the semiconductor region comprises an undoped channel region , a source region including a first dopant type , and a drain region including a second dopant type , and wherein the channel region is formed of a group iii - v compound semiconductor material . the field effect transistor further includes a high - k gate formed on the channel region , wherein the high - k gate is configured to generate electron tunneling between the source region and the drain region when a gate voltage is applied , and wherein a first contact surface between the source region and the channel region and a second contact surface between the drain region and the channel region are inclined . | 7 |
the invention is configured to be installed into an existing or a newly installed drain and hold a cleaning agent . no power is needed , and it operates from the natural flow of water being used or dispensed by the plumbing fixtures . the array of slots in the invention allows for proper drainage , and the plumbing will function as intended . | 4 |
a folding method and device , whereby a tubular wrapping is formed about a product by inserting the product inside a u - shaped pocket together with a sheet of wrapping material , a first lateral portion of which is interposed between the product and a first lateral wall of the pocket , and a second lateral portion of which , opposite the first , is folded outside and beyond the pocket and crosswise to the first lateral portion ; the tubular wrapping being closed by moving the first lateral wall of the pocket outwards , simultaneously moving a contrast member onto the first lateral portion , and then folding the second lateral portion , by means of an external folding member , onto the product and so as to overlap the first lateral portion ; and the tubular wrapping being fixed inside the pocket by withdrawing the external folding member , simultaneously closing the first lateral wall onto the product , and withdrawing the contrast member from the pocket . | 1 |
a method for transmitting data is described that includes the steps of : producing a data frame for transmission , the data frame including a sequence number and user data , saving a copy of the data frame in a retransmission buffer , and if said step of saving a copy requires that data already present in the retransmission buffer is overwritten , selecting the one or more oldest data frames in the retransmission buffer to be overwritten , in case an error is determined in the received data frame , communicating an error message to the transmitter of the data frame , which error message at least comprises an indication of the sequence number of the last correctly received data frame ,— upon receipt of such message and if available , retransmitting one or more data frames from the retransmission buffer having a sequence number higher than the sequence number communicated in the message . | 7 |
There is a subset of short gamma-ray bursts (SGRBs) that exhibit a rebrightening in their high-energy light curves known as extended emission. These bursts have the potential to discern between various models proposed to describe SGRBs as any model needs to account for extended emission. In this paper, we combine fallback accretion into the magnetar propeller model and investigate the morphological changes fallback accretion has on model light curves and fit to the afterglows of 15 SGRBs exhibiting extended emission from the Swift archive. We have parametrized the fallback in terms of existing parameters within the propeller model and solved for the disc mass and angular frequency of the magnetar over time. We then apply a Markov chain Monte Carlo routine to produce fits to the data. We present fits to our extended emission SGRB sample that are morphologically and energetically consistent with the data provided by Swift Burst Alert Telescope and X-ray Telescope. The parameters derived from these fits are consistent with predictions for magnetar properties and fallback accretion models. Fallback accretion provides a noticeable improvement to the fits of the light curves of SGRBs with extended emission when compared to previous work and could play an important role in explaining features such as variability, flares and long dipole plateaux. | 9 |
a composition of matter comprising a mass of ferrous scrap pieces compressed together in random orientation forming a network of interlocking pieces has been prepared . this ferrous metal network is impregnated with rare earth metals in amount from 15 % to 80 % by weight of the impregnated body . the rare earth metal impregnated body is useful for treating high melting metals , particularly to deoxidize or desulfurize steel and to produce nodular iron . | 8 |
a method and a system for handling resources in purpose to avoid congestion in a cellular radio system , comprising at least one mobile terminal connectable to a network via at least one base station . according to the invention the method comprises the steps : receiving in the at least one base station a signal sent from a mobile terminal , the receiving in different base stations corresponding to different radio paths of the signal ; deriving from these uplinks a resulting signal corresponding to the signal sent from the mobile terminal ; determining the importance of each uplink to the resulting signal ; deciding according to the determination which downlinks that should be given less power or be removed if there is or is about to be a shortage of resources , in purpose to free resources ; controlling the power of the decided downlinks if there is or is about to be a shortage of resources . | 7 |
this invention describes a method of rapid detection of micro - colonies of microorganisms by changing their shape from a regular semi - sphere to a long and thin cylinder . cells are trapped by filtration in long , cylindrical , parallel , micro - channels that are open from both sides , and attached to a filter from one side . a micro - channel plate houses a multiplicity of micro - channels . the micro - channel plate with cells trapped on the surface of the filter is attached to a nutrient media agar block . cells produce micro - colonies of a long and thin shape according the shape of the micro - channel . the growth of microorganisms in the micro - channels permits a change in the number of cells to accomplish light absorbance . fewer cells need a shorter time to reproduce . thus detection and counting of cells can be accomplished in a rapid fashion . | 2 |
an apparatus comprises a cover for top and side surfaces of an electronics device operable for playing games . the cover comprises an opening being configured for enabling access to a game slot of the electronic device . the cover further comprising a first part of a capturing mechanism disposed proximally about at least a portion of a perimeter of the opening . an opening cover is configured to at least cover the opening . the opening cover comprises a second part of the capturing mechanism being configured to be removably joined to the first part of the capturing mechanism to form a seal where the cover and the opening cover are operable for mitigating entry of liquids and particles in covered areas of the electronics device and for mitigating impact and abrasion damage to covered areas of the electronic device . | 0 |
a method for etching a polysilicon layer comprises the steps of providing a semiconductor wafer substrate assembly having at least first and second features therein in spaced relation to each other which define an opening therebetween . a blanket polysilicon is formed over the wafer assembly and within the opening . a patterned photoresist layer is formed over the polysilicon layer , then the polysilicon layer within the opening is etched with a first etch . subsequent to the first etch , the polysilicon with the opening is etched with a second etch comprising a halogen - containing gas flow rate of from about 35 sccm to about 65 sccm and an oxygen - containing gas flow rate of from about 12 sccm to about 15 . 6 sccm . | 7 |
a method for forming a light - emitting - diode array is disclosed which comprises forming a led structure on a substrate , dividing the led structure into at least a first and a second led device with a gap , depositing at least one polymer material over the led structure substantially filling the gap , removing portions of the at least one polymer material to expose a first electrode of the first led device and a second electrode of the second led device , and forming an interconnect on top of the at least one polymer material electrically connecting the first and second electrode . | 7 |
a sprayer switching control system includes toggle switch structure incorporated into the main control handle of the sprayer and toggling spray sections sequentially so that each section changes condition in turn as the switch structure is operated . a reset switch located adjacent the toggle switch structure is operable to reset all the sections to a preselected operating condition . a first switch toggles section condition sequentially in a first direction along the sprayer boom , while operating a second switch reverses the direction . such toggle operation is simple and easy to learn , and can be implemented without removing the hand from the control handle . to accommodate special skip patterns and shut off unused boom sections , individual section control switches mounted away from the handle to avoid handle clutter permit selective disabling any one or more of the spray sections . | 1 |
a method , apparatus , and computer instructions for managing a data buffer . data for the data buffer is received . a security action is performed in response to detecting data for the data buffer having a size greater than a designated size . | 6 |
an electrical fuse has an anode contact on a surface of a semiconductor substrate . the electrical fuse has a cathode contact on the surface of the semiconductor substrate spaced from the anode contact . the electrical fuse has a link within the substrate electrically interconnecting the anode contact and the cathode contact . the link comprises a semiconductor layer and a silicide layer . the silicide layer extends beyond the anode contact . an opposite end of the silicide layer extends beyond the cathode contact . a silicon germanium region is embedded in the semiconductor layer under the silicide layer , between the anode contact and the cathode contact . | 6 |
We studied the magnetic topology of active region 12158 on 2014 September 10 and compared it with the observations before and early in the flare that begins at 17:21 UT (SOL2014-09-10T17:45:00). Our results show that the sigmoidal structure and flare ribbons of this active region observed by the Solar Dynamics Observatory/Atmospheric Imaging Assembly can be well reproduced from a Grad-Rubin nonlinear force-free field extrapolation method. Various inverse-S- and inverse-J-shaped magnetic field lines, which surround a coronal flux rope, coincide with the sigmoid as observed in different extreme-ultraviolet wavelengths, including its multithreaded curved ends. Also, the observed distribution of surface currents in the magnetic polarity where it was not prescribed is well reproduced. This validates our numerical implementation and setup of the Grad-Rubin method. The modeled double inverse-J-shaped quasi-separatrix layer (QSL) footprints match the observed flare ribbons during the rising phase of the flare, including their hooked parts. The spiral-like shape of the latter may be related to a complex pre-eruptive flux rope with more than one turn of twist, as obtained in the model. These ribbon-associated flux-rope QSL footprints are consistent with the new standard flare model in 3D, with the presence of a hyperbolic flux tube located below an inverse-teardrop-shaped coronal QSL. This is a new step forward forecasting the locations of reconnection and ribbons in solar flares and the geometrical properties of eruptive flux ropes. | 9 |
This program allows one to use molecular line lists for different spectroscopic applications including computing Temperature- and pressure -dependent intensities and cross sections in connection with different line profiles; Partition functions; Cooling functions Life times The line profiles supported include Voigt Doppler Gaussian Lorentzian The program is designed to work with the ExoMol format (www.exomo.com) but can also be used with HITRAN, HITEMP and other other formats. | 9 |
a tool for a dismantlable medical instrument includes a first component , which surrounds a cavity for receiving a distal end of a shank , and a second component with a catch , which protrudes into the cavity surrounded by the first component to form a bayonet connection with a distal end of a shank protruding into the cavity , by engagement of the catch in a slit or a groove at the distal end of the shank . the first component has a recess into which the second component is fitted . | 0 |
a system and method particularly suited for controlled ablation of the cornea , using ultraviolet laser radiation , with the cornea sculpturing action resulting from a computer driven digital programmed distribution of excimer flux density across a controllable liquid crystal matrix mask to achieve a desired volume and shape of ablation for the correction of the curvature of the cornea . the optical mask , in one embodiment , is based on an arrayable matrix of individual optical pixel cells with two optical states between fully transparent to fully opaque or mirror like to the uv light . the system provides a highly versatile system for correcting known corneal defects in both regular and irregular corneas by simply executing computer customized patterns in very short time and with great precision and detail . | 0 |
Throughout the Milky Way, molecular clouds typically appear filamentary, and mounting evidence indicates that this morphology plays an important role in star formation. What is not known is to what extent the dense filaments most closely associated with star formation are connected to the surrounding diffuse clouds up to arbitrarily large scales. How are these cradles of star formation linked to the Milky Way's spiral structure? Using archival Galactic plane survey data, we have used multiple datasets in search of large-scale, velocity-coherent filaments in the Galactic plane. In this paper, we present our methods employed to identify coherent filamentary structures first in extinction and confirmed using Galactic Ring Survey data. We present a sample of seven giant molecular filaments (GMFs) that have lengths on the order of ~100 pc, total masses of 10<SUP>4</SUP>-10<SUP>5</SUP> M<SUB>⊙</SUB>, and exhibit velocity coherence over their full length. The GMFs we study appear to be inter-arm clouds and may be the Milky Way analogs to spurs observed in nearby spiral galaxies. We find that between 2 and 12% of the total mass (above ~10<SUP>20</SUP> cm<SUP>-2</SUP>) is "dense" (above 10<SUP>22</SUP> cm<SUP>-2</SUP>), where filaments near spiral arms in the Galactic midplane tend to have higher dense gas mass fractions than those further from the arms. <P />Appendix A is available in electronic form at <A href="http://www.aanda.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201423401/olm">http://www.aanda.org</A> | 9 |
the present invention provides a gas absorbing system which comprises : an inlet pipe , a gas accommodating section into which gas enters through the inlet pipe , and a negative pressure exhausting pipe which exhausts the gas in the gas accommodating section to external device by using negative pressure wherein the gas accommodating section comprises a first chamber which is provided with air holes in the side wall for discharging the gas in the gas accommodating section or allowing external air entering the gas accommodating section . the gas absorbing system according to the present invention not only can effectively prevent the system internal gas from discharging directly to environment to endanger the health of patients and medical care personnel , but also can reduce the variation of the pressure inside the system when an abnormal incident occurs , so as to prevent it from influencing the safety of the patient to the most extent . | 8 |
a polishing article includes a polishing layer having a polishing surface and a solid light - transmissive window in the polishing layer , the window having a first non - linear edge that extends along a first axis parallel to the polishing surface , the first non - linear edge including a plurality of projections and a plurality of recesses extending parallel to the polishing surface and disposed in an alternating pattern along the first axis . | 1 |
an apparatus causes invalid data to be read again from a memory device before being read by a device . a transaction queue stores pending and dispatched device transactions , the queue includes an input for receiving transactions , an output for dispatching transactions , a pointer for pending transactions , and a pointer for dispatched transactions . a master controller responds to an invalid data signal by preventing the transaction queue from dispatching pending transactions to the memory device , by causing the transaction queue to dispatch again the device read transaction which resulted in the invalid data and , subsequently , by causing the data which was read again from the memory device to be accepted by the destination device , by setting the dispatched transaction pointer to the pending transactions pointer , and by enabling the transaction queue to dispatch pending transactions to the memory device . | 6 |
an intra - lsi clock distribution circuit which includes a main distribution circuit , a plurality of intra - block clock distribution circuitries , feedback wires provided in association with each of blocks and each connected to one of plural block - based clock signal wires within the associated block and the intra - block distribution circuitry of the associated block for feeding back the intra - block clock signal distributed to a given one of circuit elements connected to the intra - block clock signal wires to the intra - block clock distribution circuitry of that block . the intra - block clock distribution circuitry in each of the blocks responds to the block - destined clock signal supplied to the associated block via one of the block - based clock signal wires connected thereto and the intra - block clock signals fed back via the feedback wires in the associated block to thereby generate a plurality of intra - block clock signals having respective phases which depend on differences in phase between the block - destined clock signal and the fed - back intra - block clock signals . | 7 |
The time-scales associated with various stages of the star formation process represent major unknowns in our understanding of galactic evolution, as well as of star and planet formation. This is the second paper in a series aiming to establish a multitracer timeline of star formation in the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC), focusing on the life cycle of molecular clouds. We use a statistical method to determine a molecular cloud lifetime in the LMC of $t_{\text{CO}}=11.8^{+2.7}_{-2.2}$ Myr. This short time-scale is similar to the cloud dynamical time, and suggests that molecular clouds in the LMC are largely decoupled from the effects of galactic dynamics and have lifetimes set by internal processes. This provides a clear contrast to atomic clouds in the LMC, of which the lifetimes are correlated with galactic dynamical time-scales. We additionally derive the time-scale for which molecular clouds and H II regions co-exist as $t_{\text{fb}}=1.2^{+0.3}_{-0.2}$ Myr, implying an average feedback front expansion velocity of 12 km s<SUP>-1</SUP>, consistent with expansion velocities of H II regions in the LMC observed directly using optical spectroscopy. Taken together, these results imply that the molecular cloud life cycle in the LMC proceeds rapidly and is regulated by internal dynamics and stellar feedback. We conclude by discussing our measurements in the context of previous work in the literature, which reported considerably longer lifetimes for molecular clouds in the LMC, and find that these previous findings resulted from a subjective choice in timeline calibration that is avoided by our statistical methodology. | 9 |
an amide derivative of the formula : ## str1 ## which is useful for control of insect pests . | 2 |
vinylphenol - type polymers are useful materials and are used in many fields such as photoresist , packaging material for ic , printed circuit board , lense , etc . when the polymers are used in an electronic field such as photoresist and packaging material for ic , it is desired to reduce metal concentration in the polymer in the order of ppb units . a simple and effective process for removing metals from vinylphenol - type polymers is disclosed . the process comprises passing an organic solvent solution of a vinylphenol - type polymer either through a filter containing an ion exchange material and / or a chelate - forming material and generating a zeta potential by a cationic charge modifying agent or through a filter containing an ion exchange material and / or a chelate - forming material and a filter generating a zeta potential by a cationic charge modifying agent . | 2 |
a furfural refining unit treats heavy sweet charge oil with a furfural solvent in a refining tower to yield raffinate and extract mix . the furfural is recovered from the raffinate and from the extract mix and returned to the refining tower . a system controlling the refining unit includes a gravity analyzer , a flash point temperature analyzer , a sulfur analyzer and viscosity analyzers ; all analyzing the heavy sweet charge oil and providing corresponding signals , sensors sense the flow rates of the charge oil and the solvent flowing into the refining tower and the temperature of the extract mix and provide corresponding signals . one of the flow rates of the heavy sweet charge oil and the furfural flow rates is controlled in accordance with the signals from all the analyzers and all the sensors , while the other flow rate of the heavy sweet charge oil and the furfural flow rates is constant . | 2 |
a protective circuit for an apparatus includes an accelerometer having an output and a microcontroller coupled to the output of the accelerometer . the protective circuit also includes a switch for controlling the apparatus coupled to an output of the microcontroller and a load coupled to the switch . a power source is coupled to the load and the switch . in operation the microcontroller is cable of sending a signal to the switch to turn of power to the load when a dangerous condition as detected from the accelerometer data has occurred . | 3 |
a method for producing an electronic device , the method including : encasing an electronic assembly with a first casing material ; holding the first electronic assembly encased by the first casing material over a holding element such that the holding element is spaced apart from the electronic assembly above the first casing material , and encasing the assembly retained on the holding element with a second casing material . | 1 |
CoupModel v. 6.0 (Coup-CNP) Original source code and the simulation files including the model and calibration set-up, parameterization settings, and corresponding input and validation files, used in He et al. 2020, CoupModel (v6.0): an ecosystem model for coupled phosphorus, nitrogen and carbon dynamics – evaluated against empirical data from a climatic and fertility gradient in Sweden, Geosci. Model Dev. Discuss., Submitted on 02 Mar 2020. CoupModel is written in C++ programming language and runs with a GUI under the Windows systems, but can also be run on other platforms without GUI. Model version 6.0, from 03 July 2019, was archived and used for the presented simulations. CoupModel v. 6.0 and extensive documentation, including tutorial exercises, are freely available from the CoupModel home page: http://www.coupmodel.com/ (CoupModel, 2020). Structure This repo consists of the following parts: CoupModel v 6.0 source code_20191105.zip : The compressed source code of the CoupModel v.6.0 Coup-CNP simulation files.zip : consists of the dataset used for forcing, model parameterization, and evaluation, please note the model evaluation data were collected by difference sources, further use of the data, please contact the reference person given in the paper References He, H., Jansson, P.-E., and Gärdenäs, A.: CoupModel (v6.0): an ecosystem model for coupled phosphorus, nitrogen and carbon dynamics – evaluated against empirical data from a climatic and fertility gradient in Sweden. Submitted to Geoscientific Model Development. | 9 |
a liquid crystal display device with an in - panel switching system mode includes a conductive body for adjusting an electric field , disposed between elongated electrodes such that the conductive member is electrically isolated from the elongated electrodes . | 6 |
provided is a noise filter circuit capable of outputting only a normal signal pulse in synchronization with a clock signal without passing the noise pulse on to a subsequent stage , even if a noise pulse having a width that is larger than a delay time is inputted . the noise filter circuit according to the present invention has a flip - flop additionally provided to a stage subsequent to a noise removing circuit that uses a delay circuit . the delay time of a clock signal inputted to the flip - flop is made different from the delay time of the noise removing circuit to thereby obtain a normal signal pulse to be outputted in synchronization with the clock signal . | 7 |
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