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a method , system , architecture and apparatus for deploying multiple e - commerce systems in a single computing platform . in accordance with the present invention , an e - commerce systems architecture can include an instantiable owning business logic component derived from an abstract business definition and one or more instantiable business element components configured for aggregation under the control of a business facility instance . the business facility instance can include a coupling to an instance of the owning business logic component . finally , the architecture can include an instantiable partner business component derived from the abstract business definition . in particular , the instantiable partner business component can include a configuration for limited access to selected ones of the instantiable business element components aggregated under the control of the business facility instance . | 6 |
We use N-body simulations to probe the early phases of the dynamical evolution of star-forming regions and focus on mass and velocity distributions of unbound stars. In this parameter space study, we vary the initial virial ratio and degree of spatial and kinematic substructure and analyse the fraction of stars that become unbound in two different mass classes (above and below 8 M<SUB>\odot</SUB>). We find that the fraction of unbound stars differs depending on the initial conditions. After 10 Myr, in initially highly subvirial, substructured simulations, the high-mass and lower mass unbound fractions are similar at ∼23 per cent. In initially virialized, substructured simulations, we find only ∼16 per cent of all high-mass stars are unbound, whereas ∼37 per cent of all lower mass stars are. The velocity distributions of unbound stars only show differences for extremely different initial conditions. The distributions are dominated by large numbers of lower mass stars becoming unbound just above the escape velocity of ∼3 km s<SUP>-1</SUP> with unbound high-mass stars moving faster on average than lower mass unbound stars. We see no high-mass runaway stars (velocity > 30 km s<SUP>-1</SUP>) from any of our initial conditions and only an occasional lower mass runaway star from initially subvirial/substructured simulations. In our simulations, we find a small number of lower mass walkaway stars (with velocity 5-30 km s<SUP>-1</SUP>) from all of our initial conditions. These walkaway stars should be observable around many nearby star-forming regions with Gaia. | 9 |
a motor vehicle door assembly comprising an outside door handle , an outside door handle linkage for connecting the outside door handle to a door latch , an inside door handle , and an inside door handle linkage for connecting the inside door handle to the door latch . the inside and outside door handle linkages are arranged to share many common elements whereby to reduce the overall cost of the total door handle assembly by virtue of reduced parts costs and reduced labor . specifically , the inside and outside door linkages share a common spring to provide a positive return movement of the handles to the rest position ; share a common latch actuator lever to simplify the overall assembly ; and share a common damper mechanism to dampen the closing movement of the inside and outside door handles as they are released following an unlatching action . | 8 |
this invention is a device for inspiration of a mist from a nebulizer , the device comprising an inlet connector adapted to engage an outlet port of a nebulizer ; a hollow mouthpiece element for insertion into a patient &# 39 ; s mouth ; a conduit forming a fluid connection between the inlet connector , and the hollow mouthpiece element ; an exhaust valve for removing expiratory gases which are exhaled into the mouthpiece element to the ambient atmosphere via the exhaust / positive expiratory pressure valve positioned on the conduit between the inlet connector , and the mouthpiece element ; and a filter housing containing a filter for filtering the exhaled gases passing from the exhaust / pep valve . | 0 |
a device providing an inertially stabilized laser beam as an optical reference . the device consists of a base and a small stabilized optical platform that emits the laser beam . the platform connects to the base through a mechanical flexure that allows relative motion in two axes . high - bandwidth angular rate sensors affixed to the platform measure platform motion in inertial space . linear displacement sensors measure relative motion between base and platform . a closed - loop control system accepts these sensor measurements and command actuators that null the sensed platform motions , maintaining the optical platform fixed in inertial space . the digital controller implements a sensor blending kalman filter that blends high frequency signals from the platform with low frequency signals from a dc sensor external to this device but affixed to the common base . the controller enables both stabilization of the laser beam and commanded pointing of the beam in inertial space . | 6 |
a system is providing for simultaneously addressing the problems of deadhead pumping , dry pumping , and seal failure in progressive cavity pumps . the system uses a hydraulic channel which runs from the pump &# 39 ; s rotor to the pump &# 39 ; s hydraulic motor and includes the spaces defined by the seals for the joints in the drive line for the rotor . at the rotor , the system includes a plug which melts at a predetermined temperature . the hydraulic channel is filled with lubricating oil and is pressurized . a drop in pressure either as a result of the melting of the plug or a break in the integrity of the seals is detected and used to stop the operation of the pump &# 39 ; s motor . the system is resistant to disablement by operators . | 5 |
a rudderless sailboat having a hydrodynamic symmetry fore and aft which can be sailed equally well in either direction . the craft is steered by tilting the mast and keel . in an alternative embodiment the sailboat also has no keel . the hulls are rigid and have a v - shaped bottom . while sailing forward , the sail can be rotated past the angle of zero angle - of - attack to that angle - of - attack where the wind is aback on the sail . this stops the boat and causes it to sail back in the general direction from which it came . this sailboat maneuver is called a tack aback . | 1 |
systems and methods are disclosed that facilitate the detection of leaks in a pressured pipe . the system includes one or a plurality of pressure sensors , placed at one or several locations along the pipe , and a power source providing power to the one or plurality of pressure sensors . also a computing device , a communications device , and an algorithm is included . the algorithm assesses data received from the communications device , the data containing information from the one or plurality of pressure sensor , wherein the algorithm determines the presence of a pressure leak in the pressurized pipe based on a first pressure profile versus a second pressure profile . | 6 |
a mixture of polycyclic aromatic polycarboxylic acids that is substantially insoluble in acetone and substantially insoluble in water and a process for preparing the mixture . | 2 |
a digital memory system is provided wherein a received radio frequency signal is separated into a pair of quadrature signal channels , the signals in each one of the channel being sampled and stored in a digital memory at a rate substantially lower than the nyquist sampling rate . during recall the stored samples are sequentially read from the memories at the rate at which they were stored . the samples read from the memories in each of the channels are sampled at the relatively low sampling rate and are then combined into a single channel after shifting the phase of the signals in one of the channels 90 degrees , to form a composite signal having a plurality of radio frequency signal components , each one being separated in frequency from another one by an amount having a predetermined relationship to the pulse repetition frequency of the sampling pulses ; one of such radio frequency signal components having the frequency of the received signal . means , fed by the received radio frequency signal , are provided to selectively couple only the one of the produced plurality of radio frequency signal components of the composite signal having the frequency of the received radio frequency signal to an output for retransmission . | 7 |
a process and an apparatus are provided for conducting decontaminating efficiently polluted soil in plural areas . the process comprises steps of decomposing a decomposition - object collected from a first area , interrupting the decomposing step , transporting the decomposition - object remaining to be decomposed after the interrupting step to a second area , and decomposing the transported decomposition - object together with a decomposition - object collected from the second area , wherein the first decomposition - object collected from the first area and the second decomposition - object collected from the second area are the same substance . the apparatus for decomposing a decomposition - object comprises a receiving means for receiving an undecomposed decomposition - object transported from a first area to a second area , and a decomposing means for decomposing , in the second area , the transported decomposition - object together with a decomposition - object collected from the second area , wherein the transported decomposition - object and the decomposition - object collected from the second area are the same substance . | 2 |
https://pvlib-python.readthedocs.io/en/v0.9.1/whatsnew.html | 9 |
a fluid dynamic method and apparatus effects the isolation of a predetermined deposition area in a hot - walled chemical vapor deposition chamber and limits the deposition to that area . the disclosed technique reduces stress and cracking in materials produced by chemical vapor deposition , prevents backside growth , and has particular utility in the fabrication by the chemical vapor deposition process of large , lightweight mirrors . | 2 |
the present invention relates to a novel solid support template of formula and methods for producing novel highly functionalized imidazoles , pyrazinones and benzodiazepinones through a plurality of chemical reactions utilizing the solid support template | 2 |
an inkjet printer includes a printer chassis , an inkjet head attached to the printer chassis , a belt connected to the inkjet head , a motor , and an ink collection device . the motor is secured to the printer chassis and meshes with the belt . the motor drives the belt in a first moving direction or a second moving direction to move the inkjet head back and forth . the ink collection device is secured to the printer chassis and includes a fan module driven for bringing undeposited ink particles generated in printing . the fan module is configured to be rotated by the belt in a single constant direction notwithstanding the direction of movement of the belt . | 1 |
We report the discovery of 158 previously undetected dwarf galaxies in the Fornax cluster central regions using a deep coadded u-, g-, and i-band image obtained with the Dark Energy Camera wide-field camera mounted on the 4-m Blanco telescope at the Cerro Tololo Interamerican Observatory as part of the Next Generation Fornax Survey (NGFS). The new dwarf galaxies have quasi-exponential light profiles, effective radii 0.1 < r<SUB>e</SUB> < 2.8 kpc, and average effective surface brightness values 22.0 < μ<SUB>i</SUB> < 28.0 mag arcsec<SUP>-2</SUP>. We confirm the existence of ultra-diffuse galaxies (UDGs) in the Fornax core regions that resemble counterparts recently discovered in the Virgo and Coma galaxy clusters. We also find extremely low surface brightness NGFS dwarfs, which are several magnitudes fainter than the classical UDGs. The faintest dwarf candidate in our NGFS sample has an absolute magnitude of M<SUB>i</SUB> = -8.0 mag. The nucleation fraction of the NGFS dwarf galaxy sample appears to decrease as a function of their total luminosity, reaching from a nucleation fraction of >75% at luminosities brighter than M<SUB>i</SUB> ≃ -15.0 mag to 0% at luminosities fainter than M<SUB>i</SUB> ≃ -10.0 mag. The two-point correlation function analysis of the NGFS dwarf sample shows an excess on length scales below ∼100 kpc, pointing to the clustering of dwarf galaxies in the Fornax cluster core. | 9 |
Motivated by the measured velocity profile of the M87 jet using the Korean very-long-baseline interferometry (VLBI) network (KVN) and VLBI Exploration of Radio Astrometry (VERA) Array (KaVA) by Park et al. indicating that the starting position of the jet acceleration is farther from the central engine of the jet than predicted in general relativistic magnetohydrodynamic simulations, we explore how to mitigate the apparent discrepancy between the simulations and the KaVA observation. We use a semi-analytic jet model proposed by Tomimatsu & Takahashi consistently solving the transmagnetic field structure but neglecting any dissipation effects. By comparing the jet model with the observed M87 jet velocity profile, we find that the model can reproduce the logarithmic feature of the velocity profile and can fit the observed data when choosing c/(100r <SUB> g </SUB>) ≲ Ω<SUB> F </SUB> ≲ c/(70r <SUB> g </SUB>), where r <SUB> g </SUB> is the gravitational radius. While a total specific energy ( ${ \mathcal E }$ ) of the jet changes the terminal bulk Lorentz factor of the jet, a slower angular velocity of the black hole magnetosphere (Ω<SUB> F </SUB>) makes a light-cylinder radius (r <SUB>lc</SUB>) larger, and it consequently pushes out a location of a starting point of the jet acceleration. Using the estimated Ω<SUB> F </SUB> we further estimate the magnetic field strength on the event horizon scale in M87 by assuming Blandford-Znajek process is in action. The corresponding magnetic flux threading the event horizon of M87 is in good agreement with a magnetically arrested disk regime. | 9 |
a reusable period of a battery can be maintained for a long time by recharging while avoiding abnormal heating of the battery due to over discharge . a battery protection circuit comprises a control part that cuts off a discharge switch which is a discharge path to a load for a battery when a voltage value of the battery is equal to or less than a first threshold value , or when the voltage value of the battery is less than the first threshold value , wherein the control part cuts off a power switch as a power supply path to the control part itself when the voltage value of the battery is equal to or less than a second threshold value , or when the voltage value of the battery is less than the second threshold value which is lower than the first threshold value . | 7 |
the present invention relates to compounds and pharmaceutical compositions useful for treating pain . the invention also relates to methods of treating or alleviating pain in mammals , comprising administering to a mammal suffering from pain , a pain - alleviating amount of a compound of the general formula or . | 0 |
an acoustic navigation system for marking channels is utilized for provid safe entry and exit from harbors . the system has a plurality of pairs of acoustic projectors aligned on opposite sides of a channel . each pair is spaced from corresponding pairs , a predetermined distance along the sides of the channel . a first projector in each pair provides an acoustic source for a period of time . the other projector in the pair provides acoustic sources spaced at predetermined intervals both before and after the signal from the first projector . a vessel equipped with receiving and display equipment determines its own location within the channel from the received acoustic signals . | 6 |
a method and related interface system for facilitating manual detection of advertising sections within a video signal . the method includes sampling frames from every n 1 frames to be reference frames in the video signal , and showing the reference frames to a user . if the user finds that a given reference frame is an advertising frame , setting n 2 to be smaller than n 1 , sampling frames from every n 2 frames between the given reference frame and its adjacent reference frame to be second layer reference frames , showing the second layer reference frames to the user such that the user can further detail selection of advertising frames , and locating advertising frames more precisely . | 7 |
two webs of material , each rolled on a separate roll of material , are linked or spaced together during a web - roll change , without stoppage of the web travel . a linking or splicing device is used for linking , particularly by gluing the fresh web of material to the exhausting web . a cutting device is used to produce two web ends . the cutting device is located downstream of the linking or splicing device , as seen in a direction of travel of the expiring or exhausting web of material . | 1 |
New surface brightness profiles from 26 early-type galaxies with suspected partially depleted cores have been extracted from the full radial extent of Hubble Space Telescope images. We have carefully quantified the radial stellar distributions of the elliptical galaxies using the core-Sérsic model whereas for the lenticular galaxies a core-Sérsic bulge plus an exponential disc model gives the best representation. We additionally caution about the use of excessive multiple Sérsic functions for decomposing galaxies and compare with past fits in the literature. The structural parameters obtained from our fitted models are, in general, in good agreement with our initial study using radially limited (R ≲ 10 arcsec) profiles, and are used here to update several `central' as well as `global' galaxy scaling relations. We find near-linear relations between the break radius R<SUB>b</SUB> and the spheroid luminosity L such that R<SUB>b</SUB> ∝ L<SUP>1.13±0.13</SUP>, and with the supermassive black hole mass M<SUB>BH</SUB> such that R_b∝ M_BH^{0.83 ± 0.21}. This is internally consistent with the notion that major, dry mergers add the stellar and black hole mass in equal proportion, i.e. M<SUB>BH</SUB> ∝ L. In addition, we observe a linear relation R_b∝ R_e^{0.98 ± 0.15} for the core-Sérsic elliptical galaxies - where R<SUB>e</SUB> is the galaxies' effective half-light radii - which is collectively consistent with the approximately linear, bright-end of the curved L-R<SUB>e</SUB> relation. Finally, we measure accurate stellar mass deficits M<SUB>def</SUB> that are in general 0.5-4 M<SUB>BH</SUB>, and we identify two galaxies (NGC 1399, NGC 5061) that, due to their high M<SUB>def</SUB>/M<SUB>BH</SUB> ratio, may have experienced oscillatory core-passage by a (gravitational radiation)-kicked black hole. The galaxy scaling relations and stellar mass deficits favour core-Sérsic galaxy formation through a few `dry' major merger events involving supermassive black holes such that M_def ∝ M_BH^{3.70 ± 0.76}, for M<SUB>BH</SUB> ≳ 2 × 10<SUP>8</SUP> M<SUB>⊙</SUB>. | 9 |
We describe the magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) code CRONOS, which has been used in astrophysics and space-physics studies in recent years. CRONOS has been designed to be easily adaptable to the problem in hand, where the user can expand or exchange core modules or add new functionality to the code. This modularity comes about through its implementation using a C++ class structure. The core components of the code include solvers for both hydrodynamical (HD) and MHD problems. These problems are solved on different rectangular grids, which currently support Cartesian, spherical, and cylindrical coordinates. CRONOS uses a finite-volume description with different approximate Riemann solvers that can be chosen at runtime. Here, we describe the implementation of the code with a view toward its ongoing development. We illustrate the code’s potential through several (M)HD test problems and some astrophysical applications. | 9 |
a conductive ink formuation comprising metal nanoparticles and the preparation of the metal nanoparticles therein are disclosed . the ink formulation comprises at least one type of metal nanoparticles and solvent , which is to adjust the viscosity and surface tension of the ink formulation as well as the aggregation of the metal nanoparticles . the ink formulation is stable and demonstrates optimal performance , such as , improved jetting performance and good wetting property . the ink formulatin can be printed on a substrate and be further processed by sintering . the resultant film is of high conductivity . since the annealing temperature in the present invention is relatively low , the fabrication process is compatible with plastic substrate used for flexible electronics . | 2 |
an implantable heart - monitoring device designed to distinguish two differing heart rhythms . the device comprises electrodes , a template , and first , second and third electronic mechanisms . the first electronic mechanism converts electrical representations of heartbeats from the electrodes into digital data and performs calculations including at least a partial discrete wavelet transform upon the digital data to generate a subset of discrete wavelet transform components including components for distinguishing the two differing heart rhythms and also demonstrated to be relatively low in variability from one patient to another . the template contains a corresponding subset of discrete wavelet transform components captured from at least one individual whose heart was beating in accordance with one of the two differing heart rhythms . the second electronic mechanism correlates the subset of transform components against the template components and provides a correlation value . the third electronic mechanism mathematically examines a time series of the correlation values and gives an indication of whether the first or second of the heart rhythms is present . | 0 |
an integrated circuit device includes a semiconductor substrate that has a cell region and a peripheral region that surrounds the cell region . a plurality of capacitors that include a plurality of lower electrodes , respectively , are disposed in the cell region . supporters connect adjacent ones of the plurality of lower electrodes to provide structural support and stability to the lower electrodes . | 7 |
a sensor unit for a rotating shaft of a device includes a body having an axial opening and a second opening . the axial opening receives the rotating shaft and contacts an outer surface of the rotating shaft to precisely and repeatedly radially align a sensor to the shaft . the second opening receives the sensor . | 6 |
the present invention provides a small electronic device including a cabinet body having a battery chamber defined therein , and a battery pack having a battery that is to be received in the battery chamber and is integrated with a battery lid for covering the battery chamber . the battery lid is detachably engaged with the cabinet body . a support plate for receiving the battery is placed on the bottom face of the battery chamber . an opening is centrally defined on the support plate . | 7 |
the present invention provides a means for managing title keys by establishing logical partitions of title keys encrypted with the same binding information . the invention supports delayed and background processing of title keys when binding information changes . this invention supports proper accounting for devices required to recover rebinding processing when devices fail or go offline unexpectedly during processing . the invention uses binding context which represents a set of data that can be used to determine if the binding information used to encrypt a set of title keys is outdated and allow for rebinding to the current cluster binding information level . | 6 |
an assisted global positioning system for tracking a movable object of interest is disclosed . the system comprises a service center for calculating a tag location , a plurality of ground base stations , a plurality of beacons adapted to transmit individual id data , and at least one gps - based smart tag releasably affixed to the movable object . the system components are interconnected by means of one or more communication links . the service center is adapted for inquiring the tag and receiving a response from the tag constituting pseudo - ranges according to a predetermined protocol . | 6 |
techniques are disclosed for fabricating tunable electrical components in integrated circuits . for example , a method of tuning a value of an electrical component , such as a planar inductor , includes the steps of placing a conductive layer in proximity of the electrical component , and adjusting an amount of material that constitutes the conductive layer such that the value of the electrical component is tuned to a particular value . the adjustment step may be performed so as to select a frequency band with which the inductor is associated or to correct a manufacturing deviation in a frequency with which the inductor is associated . | 7 |
an optoelectronic material , device applications , and methods for manufacturing the optoelectronic material are provided to make it possible to obtain stable characteristics without deterioration of luminescence over time in the atmosphere . the optoelectronic material is composed of a porous silicon the surface of which is nitrided to form a silicon nitride layer thereon . this allows a stable electroluminescence to be obtained , without oxidation of the surface of the porous silicon . | 7 |
compounds of formula : wherein x is n , ch , ccf 3 , or c ; r 4 is sulfonic acid , c 1 - 12 aliphatic - sulfonyl , sulfonyl - c 1 - 12 aliphatic , c 1 - 12 aliphatic - sulfonyl - c 1 - 6 aliphatic , c 1 - 6 aliphatic - amino , r 7 - sulfonyl , r 7 sulfonyl - c 1 - 12 aliphatic , r 7 - aminosulfonyl , r 7 - aminosulfonyl - c 1 - 12 aliphatic , r 7 - sulfonylamino , r 7 - sulfonylamino - c 1 - 12 aliphatic , aminosulfonylamino , di - c 1 - 12 aliphatic amino , di - c 1 - 12 aliphatic aminocarbonyl , di - c 1 - 12 aliphatic aminosulfonyl , di - c 1 - 12 aliphatic amino , di - c 1 - 12 aliphatic aminocarbonyl , di - c 1 - 12 aliphatic aminosulfonyl - c 1 - 12 aliphatic , 1 - 3 - arylamino , 1 - 3 - arylsulfonyl , 1 - 3 - aryl - aminosulfonyl , 1 - 3 - aryl - sulfonylamino , het - amino , het - sulfonyl , het - aminosulfonyl , aminoiminoamino , or aminoiminoaminosulfonyl , r 5 is hydrogen ; and further wherein r 4 and r 5 are optionally joined to form a fused ring , pharmaceutical formulations comprising them and their use in therapy , especially in the treatment of diseases mediated by cdk2 activity , such as alopecia induced by cancer chemotherapy or radiotherapy . | 2 |
chlorine or bromine are produced from the respective hydrogen halide in a reaction system , wherein a stoichiometric excess of active nitrogen is maintained within the reaction system over the amount of hydrogen halide in the system . preferably the reaction system is a single tower wherein sulfuric acid is introduced to the top of the tower where it absorbs the active nitrogen while conditions are so set that at the bottom of the tower the gases , introduced there , strip the active nitrogen away from the acid . it is a further characteristic of the process , that the nitrogen compounds stripped at the bottom , are mainly stripped as a mixture of nitrogen monoxide and nitrogen dioxide . a major portion of the nitrogen monoxide stripped , is oxidized with the oxygen , present in the gases fed in the bottom , to form nitrogen dioxide . if hydrogen halide is fed in the bottom , it will also strip nitrogen compounds , but mostly in the form of nitrosyl - halide . oxidation of nitrosyl - halide with oxygen , either direct or indirect , does not play a significant role in the present process . in the reaction section of the process , where practically all the halogen is formed , the characteristic phenomena is , that the chlorine or bromine made there in gas phase , is all formed by reaction of nitrogen dioxide and hydrogen halide or nitrosyl - halide , while the sulfuric acid absorbs the active nitrogen compounds mainly in the form of nitrosylsulfuric acid , thus helping the reaction to proceed . a small amount of hydrogen halide is preferably left unconverted . | 2 |
a semiconductor device is provided for controlling entry to and exit from a power down mode of a semiconductor memory comprising ; a plurality of voltage generators for providing operating voltages to the semiconductor memory ; a dpd controller for detecting a dpd condition and generating a dpd signal to control the application of the operating voltages to the semiconductor memory ; and biasing circuitry for biasing a plurality of nodes of at least one of the plurality of voltage generators to at least one predetermined voltage potential to prevent false triggering of circuits upon entry / exit of dpd mode . also provided is a semiconductor device , comprising : a plurality of input buffers for buffering a plurality of dpd - type signals for signaling a power down condition including a dpd enter / exit signal : an auxiliary buffer for separately buffering the dpd enter / exit signal ; a plurality of voltage generators for supplying operating voltages to internal circuit ; dpd control circuit for receiving the dpd - type signals to decode dpd enter and exit commands and for outputting a voltage generator control signal to turn off the voltage generators when dpd enter command is decoded , and to turn off the plurality of buffers excluding the auxiliary buffer ; and an auto - pulse generator for generating a voltage pulse upon receiving the dpd exit command to initialize internal circuits of the semiconductor device . | 6 |
a punching device comprising a pair of opposed complementary dies vertically guided by a pair of guide rods each rotatably connected to a crank pin to continuously punch band material moving between the dies . the crank pins rotate synchronously in opposed directions with their crank centers spaced only vertically relative to the working plane . each of the dies supports a plurality of cooperating tools and the tools in one of the dies are independently axially movable male punches sealingly guided in ducts communicating with a closed chamber filled with a fluid . | 8 |
many network protocols , including the internet , have addresses that are structured hierarchically . the hierarchy is expressed by an address prefix p that represents all addresses in the given hierarchical level that starts with prefix p . the hierarchy is not strict and can be overridden by more inclusive hierarchies . this is achieved by having network routers find the longest prefix that matches a destination address in a message . the disclosed invention describes a method and apparatus for implementing controlled expansion : for expanding a set of prefixes into an equivalent set of prefixes that have a smaller set of prefix lengths . the new set of prefixes can then be looked up significantly faster using any technique whose speed improves by reducing the number of prefix lengths . our invention also incorporates fast techniques to insert and delete new prefixes , and a technique of pointer hoisting to halve the memory reads needed for trie search . our solution to longest matching prefix also applies to other routing protocols such as osi routing , call routing in telephone networks , and to string matching problems . | 7 |
the present invention provides economical methods for collecting oleuropein aglycon from olive vegetation water , a routine byproduct in the manufacture of olive oil . the methods have the advantage of facilitating the collection of other valuable constituents of olive vegetation water , and furthermore render the olive vegetation water environmentally benign , and thus suitable for routine disposal . | 0 |
We have developed ultralow-noise electronics in combination with repetitive, nondestructive readout of a thick, fully depleted charge-coupled device (CCD) to achieve an unprecedented noise level of 0.068 e<SUP>-</SUP> rms /pixel . This is the first time that discrete subelectron readout noise has been achieved reproducible over millions of pixels on a stable, large-area detector. This enables the contemporaneous, discrete, and quantized measurement of charge in pixels, irrespective of whether they contain zero electrons or thousands of electrons. Thus, the resulting CCD detector is an ultra-sensitive calorimeter. It is also capable of counting single photons in the optical and near-infrared regime. Implementing this innovative non-destructive readout system has a negligible impact on CCD design and fabrication, and there are nearly immediate scientific applications. As a particle detector, this CCD will have unprecedented sensitivity to low-mass dark matter particles and coherent neutrino-nucleus scattering, while future astronomical applications may include direct imaging and spectroscopy of exoplanets. | 9 |
the disclosure relates to a container with a tear - open feature . a pair of closure flaps is bridged by a sealing tape structure which includes a central , tearable band bridging the area between the flaps , and spaced - apart guide means on opposite sides of the tear band , adhesively secured to the container flaps . the guide means may advantageously comprise plastic strips which are separate from but mounted on a carrier tape , or which may be an integral part of the tape structure joined to the central tearable strip by lines of weakness . | 1 |
a process of manufacturing powdered coffee carbons from spent coffee grounds comprising washing spent coffee grounds , dehydrating same , and conveying same to a pre - carbonation oven for drying and pre - carbonization ; removing the pre - carbonized spent coffee grounds , soaking same in a solution mixed with a predetermined quantity of sodium carbonate for a predetermined period of time for grease removal , and washing the grease free spent coffee grounds ; pouring the pre - carbonized spent coffee grounds into a post - carbonization oven and heating same to the range of 600 to 650 ° c . to carbonize the pre - carbonized spent coffee grounds wherein the carbonized spent coffee grounds have a porous structure ; supplying saturated steam between 850 and 950 ° c . to the carbonized spent coffee carbons for activation ; and operating a wet global grinder to grind the activated spent coffee carbons until powdered coffee carbons having a size between 0 . 1 and 20 μm are obtained . | 2 |
a substrate treatment process includes plural steps of delivering a long substrate with application of tensile force to the substrate , wherein the strength of the tensile force is changed at least between a first delivery step and a second delivery step . this process prevents enlargement of edge waviness of a belt - shaped substrate to stabilize the plasma discharge . | 7 |
the present invention includes a clean release magnet label and manufacturing method thereof . the clean release magnet includes a pressure sensitive carrier layer having a permanent adhesive applied to a first face and a clean release adhesive applied to a second face . a magnet layer is removably affixed to the pressure sensitive carrier layer with the clean release adhesive , and a filmic face layer , having printing thereon , is attached to the magnet layer with an adhesive . the method of manufacturing enables manual or automatic application of clean release magnets onto products . with this arrangement , the magnet layer is non - tacky when removed from the pressure sensitive carrier layer , the original product label is visible upon removal of the clean release magnet and the product contents remain free from contamination from the clean release magnet . | 1 |
a transmission with variable mechanical prestress including a pinion driven by an electric motor , a driven gearwheel with its bearings in a housing , and an electromagnetic actuator for applying a prestress force which is controllable in dependence on an instantaneous load to be handled by the transmission . the electric motor with the pinion is supported so that it can be tilted relative to the housing . owing to a tilting movement of the electric motor caused by the actuator , the pinion is pressed against the gearwheel with a certain prestress force in a radial direction . the transmission is free from play , while the virtual play arising from friction and hysteresis is strongly reduced , and the positioning accuracy is enhanced as a result . | 8 |
a method for performing financial trading amongst a plurality of alternative trading systems using a common financial computer platform . the method including the steps of receiving at the common financial computer platform a buy - order for a prescribed number shares at a prescribed price . electronic communication is then established between the common financial computer platform and each of the plurality of alternative trading systems . at least a portion of the buy - order is then submitted from the common financial computer platform to each of the plurality of alternative trading systems . the common financial common platform then monitors each of the plurality of alternative trading systems to determine if at least a portion of the buy - order was executed by one of the plurality of alternative trading systems . and if yes , then that indicated execution for one of the plurality of alternative trading systems is automatically accepted and automatically canceled are the remaining buy orders that were submitted to the other alternative trading system which were not yet executed . | 6 |
a valve assembly having a cylindrical valve chamber with radially directed inlet orifices and with a circular spring leaf which resiliently seals the orifices and which may be deflected by fluid pressure within the inlet orifices to open the orifices . the spring leaf is configured so that it may deflect to open the valve inlet without deviation from its essentially oval shape . | 8 |
fuel is activated prior to combustion in an engine by an electrical arc established across an annular gap between two electrodes , and sustained for a significant portion of the injection cycle . the vaporized or gaseous fuel is directed through a spiral recess to be caused to flow vortically and cause the arc to migrate about the annular gap to reduce electrode erosion and increase exposure of the fuel to the activating effects of the arc . the arc is formed by separating contacting electrodes which applying a current to the electrodes . one of the electrodes is movable under the influence of the pressurized fuel to cause separation from the other fixed electrode , so that the arc is established as fuel begins flowing . the electrodes have opposing rimmed cavities , with fuel flow shifting the arc radially inwardly , migrating to extend between the inner wall of each cavities , and around which the arc rotates under the influence of the vortical fuel flow . | 5 |
a coping apparatus that performs a cope cut of varying diameters and angles on varying sizes , diameters , and types of materials without having to change the diameter of the cutting tool . the apparatus comprises a table with a clamp , a cylindrical housing with an aperture pivotally mounted to the table , a motor , a tool , and a yoke assembly . the yoke assembly is rotatably received within the housing and comprises a upper disc with a channel , a lower disc with a channel , a upper arm , a lower arm , a connector , and a handle . the arms are received in the channels of the upper and lower discs and moveable in a direction radial to the rotation of the discs . the motor is mounted to the lower arm and turns a spindle and the tool . upon manipulation of the handle , the tool is plunged into the material to make the cut . | 8 |
sidpy: Python Tools for Specific Information Dynamics | 9 |
driver circuit for actuating an electrical device via a control line and for diagnosing the state of the control line and / or of the actuated device , having a test circuit , connected to the control line , for measuring the electrical output current flowing via the control line , and an evaluation unit , connected to the test circuit , for generating a diagnostic signal on the basis of the measured output current , the test circuit having at least one current mirror circuit . | 5 |
methods , systems , and devices are disclosed for resolving a risk associated with a shipped physical object . the methods and servers comprise associating a time with a geographical region . the methods and servers also comprise receiving a set of locations associated with transport of a physical object . in addition , the methods and servers comprise determining that the set of locations fails to satisfy a condition associated with the time and the geographical region . the sensor devices report location data to a server at a first time interval , wherein the location data fails to satisfy a condition associated with a time and a geographical region . the sensor devices also receive an indication of a panic mode . in addition , the sensor devices also report location data to the server at a second time interval , wherein the second time interval is different than the first time interval . | 6 |
There is a lack of exoplanets with sizes similar to Neptune orbiting their host stars with periods ≲3 d - hence the name 'sub-Jovian/Neptune desert'. Recently, several exoplanets have been confirmed to reside in the desert, transforming it into a 'savanna' with several 'giraffe' planets (such as LTT 9779 b and TOI-674 b). The most prominent scenarios put forward for the explanation of the formation of the desert are related to the stellar irradiation destroying the primary atmosphere of certain specific exoplanets. We aim to present three targets (LTT 9779 b, TOI-674 b, and WASP-156 b) that, when observed at wide wavelength ranges in infrared (IR), could prove the presence of these processes, and therefore improve the theories of planetary formation/evolution. We simulate and analyse realistic light curves of the selected exoplanets with PLATO/N-CAM and the three narrow-band filters of Ariel (VISPhot, FGS1, and FGS2) based on TESS observations of these targets. We improved the precision of the transit parameters of the three considered planets from the TESS data. We find that the combination of the three narrow-band filters of Ariel can yield an inner precision of ${\lesssim}1.1\ \hbox{per cent}$ for the planetary radii. Data from the three telescopes together will span decades, allowing the monitoring of changes in the planetary atmosphere through radius measurements. The three selected 'giraffe' planets can be golden targets for Ariel, whereby the loss of planetary mass due to stellar irradiation could be studied with high precision, multiwavelength (spectro-)photometry. | 9 |
a process for the regeneration of an at least partially spent zn - alkali slurry for use in metal - air batteries , including subjecting the slurry to at least the steps of separating the slurry into dissolved and undissolved phases ; electrolyzing the separated dissolved phase so that zn deposits on a cathode in removable form ; removing zn from the cathode and consolidating the zn into particles ; and combining the zn from step with the separated undissolved phase from step and an additional aqueous group ia metal hydroxide . | 8 |
apparatus for driving a web crosscutting roller with knife blade . a variable speed motor drives the roller which also is of variable speed . a control device is operable on the motor to effect selective change of the rotative speed thereof . a spring is connected to the roller to alternatively impart retardation or acceleration energy to the roller during a revolution thereof by alternate tensioning and release of the spring . | 1 |
the application discloses a good - tasting and palatable gritty drug formulation , wherein the grittiness is associated as a part of a pleasurable organoleptic sensation , which contains a gritty and optionally bad - tasting or odoriferous drug and a seedy fibrous fruit , and optionally an aqueous medium and a gelling agent , and preferably also a sweetener and a flavoring agent , wherein the gritty drug is representatively an antihypercholesterolemic drug , especially a bile acid sequestrant , and particularly cholestyramine , a method for the preparation thereof , and a method of converting a gritty drug into a more readily - acceptable formulation which assists with patient compliance . | 8 |
according to the present invention , there is provided a semiconductor device having : first and second fins formed on a semiconductor substrate to oppose each other , and made of a semiconductor layer ; an active region which is formed on the semiconductor substrate so as to be connected to the first and second fins , and supplies a predetermined voltage to the first and second fins ; and a gate electrode formed on an insulating film formed on the semiconductor substrate , in a position separated from the active region by a predetermined spacing , so as to cross the first and second fins , wherein in the active region , a predetermined portion between a first portion connected to the first fin and a second portion connected to the second fin is removed . | 7 |
in the present invention , an automatic flue damper located in the vent stack of a household furnace or other apparatus requiring venting is interfaced with a thermostatic control and a fuel supply valve associated with the apparatus so as to maintain a vent passage to the atmosphere normally open during times when combustion is occurring in the apparatus and to close the vent passage at an appropriate time following the termination of combustion in the apparatus . the normally open vent condition is maintained by a damper positioning spring . vent closure following combustion is accomplished by means of a direct current solenoid . further included in the interfacing circuitry are a temperature sensing device effective to disable the solenoid , thus opening the vent , upon the appearance of unsafe stack temperatures and a pressure sensor which also disables the solenoid to open the vent stack upon the occurrence of an inappropriate discharge of fuel to the combustion chamber . the pressure sensor then also sounds an alarm to alert those nearby of the unauthorized escape of fuel . | 5 |
an electronic equipment holding device configured for holding any kind of cellular phone , navigational device , hand - held personal computer , digital recorder , or any similar portable device . the holding device comprises a base portion configured to fit within a standard cup holder , and a device retainer portion configured to retain the electronic device . | 7 |
a method of preparing - 2 - amino - 5 - methoxytetralin hydrochloride - 2 - amino - 5 - methoxyl - 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 - tetrahydronaphthalene hydrochloride ], comprising the steps of : producing a compound by addition - elimination reaction of 5 - methoxy - 2 - tetralone and r -- a - phenylethylamine ; producing a compound by reduction reaction of the compound with a reducing agent ; and producing a compound hydrochloride by reacting the compound with a salt - forming agent , then carrying out reduction reaction with a palladium - carbon catalyst to produce - 2 - amino - 5 - methoxytetralin hydrochloride . the method can significantly increase the yield of - 2 - amino - 5 - methoxytetralin hydrochloride with short synthetic path , low preparation cost and less pollution , which is environmentally friendly and is suitable for medical industrialized production . the structural formulae of the compound and the compound are : resepectively . | 2 |
an sram control circuit with a power saving function is disclosed , which uses an address comparator to compare a current address and a previous address in an sram read operation . when the two addresses are the same , data is outputted directly from a buffer without enabling a memory unit , thereby saving power . | 6 |
Stars are extremely important astronomical objects that constitute the pillars on which the Universe is built, and as such, their study has gained increasing interest over the years. White dwarf stars are not the exception. Indeed, these stars constitute the final evolutionary stage for more than 95% of all stars. The Galactic population of white dwarfs conveys a wealth of information about several fundamental issues and are of vital importance to study the structure, evolution and chemical enrichment of our Galaxy and its components—including the star formation history of the Milky Way. Several important studies have emphasized the advantage of using white dwarfs as reliable clocks to date a variety of stellar populations in the solar neighborhood and in the nearest stellar clusters, including the thin and thick disks, the Galactic spheroid and the system of globular and open clusters. In addition, white dwarfs are tracers of the evolution of planetary systems along several phases of stellar evolution. Not less relevant than these applications, the study of matter at high densities has benefited from our detailed knowledge about evolutionary and observational properties of white dwarfs. In this sense, white dwarfs are used as laboratories for astro-particle physics, being their interest focused on physics beyond the standard model, that is, neutrino physics, axion physics and also radiation from "extra dimensions", and even crystallization. The last decade has witnessed a great progress in the study of white dwarfs. In particular, a wealth of information of these stars from different surveys has allowed us to make meaningful comparison of evolutionary models with observations. While some information like surface chemical composition, temperature and gravity of isolated white dwarfs can be inferred from spectroscopy, and the total mass and radius can be derived as well when they are in binaries, the internal structure of these compact stars can be unveiled only by means of asteroseismology, an approach based on the comparison between the observed pulsation periods of variable stars and the periods predicted by appropriate theoretical models. The asteroseismological techniques allow us to infer details of the internal chemical stratification, the total mass, and even the stellar rotation profile. In this review, we first revise the evolutionary channels currently accepted that lead to the formation of white-dwarf stars, and then, we give a detailed account of the different sub-types of pulsating white dwarfs known so far, emphasizing the recent observational and theoretical advancements in the study of these fascinating variable stars. | 9 |
Near-infrared spectroscopy from APOGEE and wide-field optical photometry from Pan-STARRS1 have recently made precise measurements of the shape of the extinction curve possible for tens of thousands of stars, parameterized by R(V). These measurements revealed structures in R(V) with large angular scales, which are challenging to explain in existing dust paradigms. In this work, we combine three-dimensional maps of dust column density with R(V) measurements to constrain the three-dimensional distribution of R(V) in the Milky Way. We find that the variations in R(V) are correlated on kiloparsec scales. In particular, most of the dust within one kiloparsec in the outer Galaxy, including many local molecular clouds (Orion, Taurus, Perseus, California, and Cepheus), has a significantly lower R(V) than more distant dust in the Milky Way. These results provide new input to models of dust evolution and processing, and complicate the application of locally derived extinction curves to more distant regions of the Milky Way and to other galaxies. | 9 |
a communications system including a communications network , a multiplicity of communications terminals , a monitor operative to monitor whether or not a specific user is connected to the communications network , a point - to - point connection enabler operative to conditionally allow at least one seeking user to establish a point - to - point connection with at least one other user who is in a set of sought users and an authorization request manager operative to transmit an authorization request to the at least one other user , when the at least one other user is connected to the communications network , receive a response to the authorization request from the at least one other user and transmit the response to the point - to - point connection enabler prior to the point - to - point connection enabler allowing establishment of the point - to - point connection . | 7 |
Comments This submission fixes a bug in the get_elev_raster function. The API key for mapzen had a typo. This also required some changes to testing the package. The package is now tested locally and via travis-ci. The tests are skipped on CRAN. Additionally, this corrects a problem with vignettes on a prior submission. Test Environments Ubuntu 12.04, travis-ci, R Under development (unstable) (2017-03-13 r72338) Windows Server 2012 R2 x64 (build 9600), Appveyor, R version 3.3.3 Patched (2017-03-06 r72327) Red Hat 6.8, local, R version 3.3.2 (2016-10-31) R CMD check results No ERRORS or WARNINGS Downstream dependencies There are currently no downstream dependencies | 9 |
a suspension system includes an air spring and a shock absorber disposed between the sprung and unsprung portions of a vehicle . a vehicle height sensor sends signals to a control system which adjusts the height of the vehicle by increasing or decreasing the air pressure within the spring . this same air pressure is provided to the shock absorber in order to increase the damping rate for high loads and decrease the damping rate for low loads . the air pressure to the shock absorber is provided to a valve assembly which controls fluid flow between the working chamber of the shock absorber and a reserve chamber . | 1 |
a differential conductivity recirculation monitor quantitatively determines the degree of recirculation in a fistula by comparing the conductivity of blood entering the fistula to the conductivity of blood being withdrawn from the fistula . a discrete quantity of a high conductivity marker fluid is injected into the blood entering the fistula , altering the conductivity of the blood entering the fistula . the altered conductivity blood enters the fistula and , if recirculation is present , co - mingles with blood in the fistula , altering the conductivity of the blood ion the fistula in proportion to the degree of recirculation . blood withdrawn from the fistula has an altered conductivity related to the degree of recirculation . quantitative values of the conductivity of the altered conductivity blood entering the fistula and the conductivity of the blood being withdrawn from the fistula are measured and a difference determined . the determined difference between the conductivities is used to determine a quantitative measurement of the degree of recirculation in the fistula . | 0 |
an electrically erasable programmable read only memory memory array is disclosed . the memory array includes a plurality of memory cells arranged in rows and columns . each memory cell has a switch , an access transistor , and a sense transistor . a current path of each access transistor is connected in series with a current path of each respective sense transistor . a first program data lead is connected to the switch of each memory cell in a first column . a bit line is connected to the current path of each access transistor in the first column . a read select lead is connected to a control terminal of each access transistor in the first row . a first row select lead is connected to a control terminal of the switch in each memory cell in a first row . | 6 |
the decoy system , notably for terrestrial mines or improvised explosive devices , includes : a means of producing heat energy including an air or water boiler , a means of emitting radiation in the infrared spectrum including a chamber that is fed with fluid by the production means , the chamber being provided with internal fins able to promote a build - up of heat energy inside said chamber , at least one detection means for determining the temperature of the chamber or the temperature of the fluid between the production means and the emission means , and a control unit able to control the operation of the heat energy production means at least according to the determined temperature . | 5 |
a method and apparatus for injecting radiographic dye during angiography are provided . a deformable holding chamber is interposed between a contrast dye bottle and a syringe manifold . a one - way valve and an integral disconnect / flow - stop are connected between the bottle and the holding chamber . a vent is provided in the holding chamber , with a second one - way valve . squeezing and releasing the deformable chamber fills the chamber from the bottle . the holding chamber contains a floating baffle which acts as a shut off valve by plugging the chamber outlet if the chamber becomes empty . the syringe is used to withdraw dye from the holding chamber . if dye remains in the bottle after performance of the procedure , the disconnect / flow - stop fitting can be disconnected , and the dye can be saved . | 0 |
a project analysis system and method is described to allow for automated generation of scalable bootable applications and downloadable applications , preferably in connection with an integrated development environment . the project analysis system and method includes facilities for automatically identifying and including software components in application development projects based on symbol dependencies and component dependencies . the project analysis system and method also includes facilities for automatically identifying and removing software components in application development projects where no symbol dependencies or component dependencies exist , thereby removing unused code . a graphical user interface is provided for user display and selection of includable and excludable components . | 8 |
multi - tank dishwashers are used , in particular , industrially , in order to clean items which are to be washed . the invention relates to a multi - tank dishwasher which is provided with a washing area . the washing area comprises at least one rinsing water storage tank , at least one filter housing , at least one fine filter and at least one backwash device . in the normal mode , a filter wall of the at least one fine filter is cross flown in the direction from a waste water chamber to a pure water chamber . in order to clean the fine filter , the multi - tank dishwasher can be operated in a backwashing mode , without interrupting the washing process . in said backwashing mode , a cross - flow of the at least one filter wall of the rinsing water is reversed by using a backwash pump and a waste water pump . dirt particles , which are located on the inner side of the filter wall , are rinsed off and are removed by the waste water pump in the waste water outlet . | 0 |
a medical instrument includes a base ; an upper member ; and a linkage mechanism coupled to the base and the upper member and being operable to maintain the upper member in a variable fixed position that is substantially parallel to the base and spaced a predetermined , variable distance therefrom , wherein the linkage mechanism includes at least three linkage elements that are arranged at angles relative to one another such that when one link element opens , the other link elements open with at an equal angle resulting in the upper member being constrained to remain parallel to the base . | 0 |
certain novel imidazole derivatives having the ability to inhibit the lipoxygenase enzyme and having formula , wherein y is hydrogen , c 1 - c 8 alkyl , halosubstituted c 1 - c 4 alkyl , phenyl , substituted phenyl , c 7 - c 14 phenylalkyl , c 7 - c 14 alkyl , pyridyl , substituted pyridyl , c 6 - c 13 pyridylalkyl or c 6 - c 13 alkyl , wherein each substituent is independently halo , nitro , cyano , c 1 - c 4 alkyl , c 1 - c 4 alkoxy , halosubstituted c 1 - c 4 alkyl , halosubstituted c 1 - c 4 alkoxy , nr 4 r 5 , co 2 r 4 or conr 4 r 5 , wherein r 4 and r 5 are each , independently , hydrogen or c 1 - c 6 alkyl ; ar 1 and ar 2 are each , independently , phenylene , mono - substituted phenylene or di - substituted phenylene , wherein the substituents are , independently , halo , c 1 - c 4 alkyl , c 1 - c 4 alkoxy , halo - substituted c 1 - c 4 alkyl or halo - substituted c 1 - c 4 alkoxy ; x and x 1 are each , independently , o , s , so or so 2 ; r &# 39 ; is hydrogen or c 1 - c 4 alkyl ; and r 2 and r 3 are each , independently , methylene , ethylene or propylene . these compounds are useful for the treatment of disease states such as bronchial asthma , skin disorders and arthritis in mammals , and as the active ingredient in pharmaceutical compositions for treating such conditions . | 2 |
an adjustable coolant quick coupler has a coolant supplier seat and a transmission seat that can be optionally connected or disconnected . the coolant supplier seat has a regulator assembly . the regulator assembly is able to adjust quantity of flow - in coolant and quantity of flow - out coolant . when the coolant supplier seat is connected to the transmission seat , the coolant can flow automatically from the coolant supplier seat to the transmission seat , so as to cool down electronic components inside a rack . when the coolant supplier seat is disconnected from the transmission seat , the coolant instantly stops flowing into the transmission seat . because of the quick coupler , the rack installed inside a narrow space is convenient to set up or disassemble . furthermore , by adjusting the quantity of flow - in coolant and the quantity of flow - out coolant , the electronic components can have a better effect of heat - dissipation . | 8 |
a method for making an earth boring drill bit which includes an outer shell having an external surface adapted to carry cutting elements and a unitary shank and bit core which is fitted into the outer shell . the shell and bit core are threadably engaged with one another or are interferingly engaged . the shell and bit core may be welded , secured with brazing alloys or with high temperature adhesives . in one embodiment , a ridge formed on the shank is received in a groove formed on an interior surface of the shell to prevent relative rotational movement of the shank and shell during drilling . in another embodiment , the shell is formed using matrix infiltration techniques . after the shell is formed , it is heated to braze cutters thereto . while still hot from the brazing process , the shell and shank are fitted together . after cooling the shell contracts to form heat shrink connection between the shell and the shank . | 4 |
Collisionless, magnetized turbulence offers a promising framework for the generation of nonthermal high-energy particles in various astrophysical sites. Yet, the detailed mechanism that governs particle acceleration has remained subject to debate. By means of 2D and 3D particle-in-cell, as well as 3D (incompressible) magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) simulations, we test here a recent model of nonresonant particle acceleration in strongly magnetized turbulence [Lemoine, Phys. Rev. D 104, 063020 (2021), 10.1103/PhysRevD.104.063020], which ascribes the energization of particles to their continuous interaction with the random velocity flow of the turbulence, in the spirit of the original Fermi model. To do so, we compare, for a large number of particles that were tracked in the simulations, the predicted and the observed histories of particles momenta. The predicted history is that derived from the model, after extracting from the simulations, at each point along the particle trajectory, the three force terms that control acceleration: the acceleration of the field line velocity projected along the field line direction, its shear projected along the same direction, and its transverse compressive part. Overall, we find a clear correlation between the model predictions and the numerical experiments, indicating that this nonresonant model can successfully account for the bulk of particle energization through Fermi-type processes in strongly magnetized turbulence. We also observe that the parallel shear contribution tends to dominate the physics of energization in the particle-in-cell simulations, while in the magnetohydrodynamic incompressible simulation, both the parallel shear and the transverse compressive term provide about equal contributions. | 9 |
an adapter which allows a non - releasable cable tie to be releasable or which provides an added feature to the function of a cable tie . the cable tie may be installed within the adapter to provide a temporary use or a continually reusable purpose for the cable tie . the adapter may also include features which provide mounting , labeling , or merging of cable ties by simply installing the cable ties within embodiments of the adapter . | 8 |
a dishwasher includes a washing container , which can be closed by a pivotable door and a control panel . the control panel is disposed on the pivotable door and includes a glazed surface and at least one of a control clement and a display element disposed behind the glazed surface and activatable by touching the glazed surface . the glazed surface is optically switchable so as to change its optical properties between transparent and opaque . | 0 |
the present invention is directed to processes for forming styrenic polymers , and their related end uses . in particular , the present invention is directed to processes for preparing patterns for use in metal castings . | 8 |
a damping device for movable furniture part , includes a damper housing , a fluid chamber which is arranged in the damper housing and in which a piston is movably mounted , a tappet which is connected to the piston , at least one seal being arranged between the damper housing and the tappet in order to seal the fluid chamber , wherein the tappet passes through the seal , a compensating chamber which is fluidically connected to the fluid chamber , which runs laterally parallel to the fluid chamber . at least one deformable compensating body is arranged in the compensating chamber in order to compensate for a volume change due to the tappet being immersed into the fluid chamber . the deformable compensating body and the at least one seal are designed together as a single piece . | 4 |
an electron gun includes an electron source configured to emit electrons . the electron source includes an electron emission region configured to emit the electrons and an electron emission restrictive region configured to restrict emission of the electrons . the electron emission restrictive region is located on a side surface of the electron source except an electron emission surface on a tip of the electron source and is covered with a different material from the electron source . the electron gun emits thermal field - emitted electrons by applying an electric field to the tip while maintaining a sufficiently low temperature to avoid sublimation of a material of the electron source . the material of the electron source may be lanthanum hexaboride or cerium hexaboride . the electron emission restrictive region may be covered with carbon . | 7 |
a molded case circuit breaker movable contact arm or carrier electrically connects with the circuit breaker trip unit or load terminal without requiring a flexible electrical conducting braid . the contact carrier is pivotally arranged within a contact carrier support to which the trip unit or load terminal lug is attached . the contact carrier pivot pin is supported on a pair of parallel posts extending from the contact carrier and a spring clip is positioned around the parallel posts and the pivoting end of the contact carrier to promote good electric transport without interfering with the rotational movement of the contact carrier . | 7 |
a modular office system for work stations includes at least one generally planar horizontal work top having a work surface and an opposed under surface . a plurality of legs are attached to the work top by a plurality of leg attachment structures . each leg attachment structure has a first side which is attached to the under surface of the horizontal work top and a second side which is attached to one of the plurality of legs . a horizontal connection member interconnects the leg attachment structure of one work top to a leg attachment structure of another work top . a vertical connection member is attachable to the leg attachment structure and includes a vertically extending portion for securing a panel thereto . the vertical connection member has a slot for passage of the horizontal connection member therethrough to permit attachment of one work top to another work top with the vertical attachment member attached to the leg attachment structure . | 0 |
a cab for an electric lift truck having a displaceable steering wheel for battery access . a front panel of the cab is hinged in a manner which allows it to temporarily swing out of the path of the steering wheel while avoiding interference with the lift mast . a windshield wiper unit carried on a fixed area of the cab is automatically deflected by movement of the front panel . various doors and panels of the cab are lap mounted over vertical corner post elements to permit limited adjustment of their relative spacing for proper fitting with a production lift truck . | 1 |
Few published ultraviolet (UV) spectra exist for stripped-envelope supernovae and none to date for broad-lined Type Ic supernovae (SNe Ic-bl). These objects have extremely high ejecta velocities and are the only supernova type directly linked to gamma-ray bursts (GRBs). Here we present two epochs of HST/STIS spectra of the SN Ic-bl 2014ad, the first UV spectra for this class. We supplement this with 26 new epochs of ground-based optical spectra, augmenting a rich spectral time series. The UV spectra do not show strong features and are consistent with broadened versions of other SN Ic spectra observed in the UV. We measure Fe II 5169 Å velocities and show that SN 2014ad has even higher ejecta velocities than most SNe Ic both with and without observed GRBs. We construct models of the SN 2014ad UV+optical spectra using TARDIS, a 1D Monte Carlo radiative-transfer spectral synthesis code. The models fit the data well at multiple epochs in the optical but underestimate the flux in the UV, likely due to simplifying assumptions. We find that high densities at high velocities are needed to reproduce the spectra, with ~3 M <SUB>⊙</SUB> of material at v > 22,000 km s<SUP>-1</SUP>, assuming spherical symmetry. Our nebular line fits suggest a steep density profile at low velocities. Together, these results imply a higher total ejecta mass than estimated from previous light-curve analysis and expected from theory. This may be reconciled by a flattening of the density profile at low velocity and extra emission near the center of the ejecta. | 9 |
a method and system for training a handwriting recognizer at the time of misrecognition is provided . in a preferred embodiment , a trainer program traps and stores the output from a recognizer . the output includes the recognized symbols mapped to the handwritten data . when training is requested by a user , the trainer displays the handwritten data that was input by the user and the recognized symbols . the user then selects the symbols to train on . in response to the selection , the trainer displays the portion of the handwritten data corresponding to the selected symbols . the user then enters the symbols that the displayed portion of the handwritten data should be recognized as . the trainer then requests the recognizer to train based on the displayed portion of the data and the entered symbols . when training is complete , the trainer requests re - recognition of the handwritten data and displays the newly recognized symbols . | 6 |
titanium nitride layers a less than 30 nm thickness are formed by physical vapor deposition and used as barrier layers for tungsten deposition . the titanium nitride layers are annealed in the presence of nitrogen or a nitrogen compound . | 7 |
an i / o circuit for use with an industrial controller provides a photovoltaic optical isolator communicating between a controller and a field - side of the i / o circuit , the photovoltaic optical isolator eliminating the need for high wattage power dropping circuits for powering the field - side of the i / o circuit from high - voltage field signals . the field effect transistor type transistors permit use of the low - power photovoltaic optical isolator while allowing flexible connections to various field circuit types . | 7 |
a base station receives an uplink data packet from a user equipment based on a synchronous hybrid automatic repeat request protocol , and transmits a first information element and a second information element in parallel to the user equipment . the first information element indicates whether to perform a retransmission of the uplink data packet , and the second information element indicates modulation and coding scheme for the retransmission . the base station receives the retransmission from the user equipment according to the modulation and coding scheme . the first information element is for example an ack / nack feedback message . | 7 |
a output storage latch within a combinational logic circuit may be adapted to form a scan flip - flop latch that supports both functional operation and scan chain testing of a combinational logic matrix included in the combinational logic circuit . a described master / slave clock approach allows the scan flip - flop latch to support receiving into a scan chain a sequence of test input data , execution of combinational logic matrix testing based on the test input data , and sequentially outputting test results to a test result register for comparison with expected results . the described scan flip - flop latch may be used along side unaltered output storage latches thereby allowing flexibility with respect to the number and placement scan chain test points within an integrated circuit . use of the described dual - use scan flip - flop latch results in a less complex circuit design , reduced circuit area requirements and improved reliability . | 6 |
Line-intensity mapping (LIM) provides a promising way to probe cosmology, reionization and galaxy evolution. However, its sensitivity to cosmology and astrophysics at the same time is also a nuisance. Here we develop a comprehensive framework for modeling the LIM power spectrum, which includes redshift space distortions and the Alcock-Paczynski effect. We then identify and isolate degeneracies with astrophysics so that they can be marginalized over. We study the gains of using the multipole expansion of the anisotropic power spectrum, providing an accurate analytic expression for their covariance, and find a 10%-75% increase in the precision of the baryon acoustic oscillation scale measurements when including the hexadecapole in the analysis. We discuss different observational strategies when targeting other cosmological parameters, such as the sum of neutrino masses or primordial non-Gaussianity, finding that fewer and wider redshift bins are typically optimal. Overall, our formalism facilitates an optimal extraction of cosmological constraints robust to astrophysics. | 9 |
a dual chassis with multi - directional transmission wherein a front chassis and a rear chassis can be united to function as a traditional chassis or separated when traveling over uneven terrain . a multi - directional transmission serves to increase the distance between the two chassis and enable them to travel at differing vertical and horizontal angles . | 1 |
The thermal Sunyaev-Zeldovich (SZ) effect serves as a direct potential probe of the energetic outflows from quasars that are responsible for heating the intergalactic medium. In this work, we use the GIZMO meshless finite mass hydrodynamic cosmological simulation SIMBA, which includes different prescriptions for quasar feedback, to compute the SZ effect arising from different feedback modes. From these theoretical simulations, we perform mock observations of the Atacama Large Millimeter Array (ALMA) in four bands (320, 135, 100, and 42 GHz) to characterize the feasibility of direct detection of the quasar SZ signal. Our results show that for all the systems we get an enhancement of the SZ signal, when there is radiative feedback, while the signal gets suppressed when the jet mode of feedback is introduced in the simulations. Our mock ALMA maps reveal that, with the current prescription of jet feedback, the signal goes below the detection threshold of ALMA. We also find that the signal is higher for high redshift systems, making it possible for ALMA and cross SZ-X-ray studies to disentangle the varying modes of quasar feedback and their relative importance in the cosmological context. | 9 |
devices systems and methods are disclosed for preventing or inhibiting secretions from entering the lumen of a functional assessment catheter for the lungs , or removing collected secretions . the catheter comprises an expandable element , a cover , or an internal component configured to prevent or inhibit secretion flow into the lumen . the catheter alternatively or additionally comprises a distal end configured to facilitate air flow , absorb secretions or repel secretions away from the catheter tip . the catheter alternatively or additionally comprises an internal element such as a coilable wire , or an obturator configured to prevent secretions from being drawn into the lumen , or to actively remove the secretions . the catheter alternatively or additionally comprises an element to dry , aerate or aspirate the lung passageways . | 0 |
the invention relates to an electromechanically activated motor vehicle transmission such as an automated manual transmission or a transfer case . this transmission comprises at least a transmission housing , an electromagnetic selecting or shifting device and an electric motor by means of which the selecting or shifting device can be actuated . in the inventive motor vehicle transmission , the electric motor of the selecting or shifting mechanism arranged within the transmission housing and the motor housing of the electric motor is designed so that it corresponds to a portion of the transmission housing . | 5 |
a photovoltaic generator is provided that has at least one string of multiple series - connected photovoltaic modules , each of which has a plurality of series - connected photovoltaic cells . one quarter to one half of all photovoltaic modules of the at least one string can be short - circuited by means of a switch . activation of the switch takes place when a predefined voltage value across the string is exceeded . the shorting switch is only present in some of the arrays making up the photovoltaic generator , which reduces cabling costs . because of the parallel connection of the arrays , the voltage of the arrays without shorting switches is drawn down to a lower voltage that is safe for the inverter . | 7 |
the rotor of a rotary position sensor mounts directly upon the rotary shaft to be sensed . the rotor prior to installation is retained in position by a pair of small protrusions extending from the rotor that cooperatively engage a pair of small indentations formed in a pair of supporting arms . during the installation process , the rotor is slipped onto the shaft and the protrusions are released from the engaged position . during operation of the position sensor , the rotor is free from direct contact with either the supporting arms or any other stationary part of the position sensor . only the contactors engage the stationary components . this design eliminates the need for bearings and return springs prevalent in the prior art . | 6 |
the present disclosure relates , in one aspect , to use of ghrelin splice variant or an analogue thereof for the preparation of a medicament for one or more of : treatment and / or prevention of hypercholesterolemia and / or high cholesterol and / or high cholesterol complication and / or lipemia and / or lipemia complication and / or chd and / or weight management and / or diabetes and / or hyperglycemia . | 2 |
Recently a manuscript by Loeb et al. was uploaded to arXiv (preprint 2308.15623) that asserted that the CNEOS bolide 2014-01-08 was interstellar; that spherules recovered from the seafloor near the airburst were associated with this bolide; that they had Fe isotopic ratios indicating origin as micrometeorites; that they had unusual chemical compositions enriched in Be, La and U, never seen before in micrometeorite spherules; that these compositions were formed in the magma ocean stage of a differentiated extrasolar planet; and that the Be abundance reflected passage through the interstellar medium. Despite not being peer-reviewed, this uploaded manuscript has been reported by media outlets as "published", and its conclusions have been widely distributed as fact. The purpose of this manuscript is to provide potential peer reviewers and the general public with an appreciation of the multiple fatal flaws with the manuscript's arguments. We discuss the published evidence that the 2014-01-08 bolide is not interstellar. We show that there is no statistical spatial correlation of a chemical signature or even number of recovered spherules with the 2014-01-08 bolide. We demonstrate that the Fe isotopic ratios decisively indicate an origin in our Solar System, with > 99.995% probability. We demonstrate that the unusual enrichments in La, U, etc., have in fact been observed in micrometeorites before and attributed to terrestrial contamination; and that the Be abundances are similarly consistent with those of ferromanganese nodules, after reacting with sea water. Far from being exotic particles from an extrasolar planet, the spherules collected and analyzed by Loeb et al. appear to be just like those found around the world, with a Solar System origin and compositions modified by tens of thousands of years residence at the ocean bottom. | 9 |
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