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We have developed a novel direct algorithm to derive the mass-ratio distribution (MRD) of short-period binaries from an observed sample of single-lined spectroscopic binaries (SB1s). The algorithm considers a class of parametrized MRDs and finds the set of parameters that best fits the observed sample. The algorithm consists of four parts. First, we define a new observable, the modified mass function, that can be calculated for each binary in the sample. We show that the distribution of the modified mass function follows the shape of the underlying MRD, making it more advantageous than the previously used mass function, reduced mass function or reduced mass function logarithm. Second, we derive the likelihood of the sample of modified mass functions to be observed given an assumed MRD. A Markov chain Monte Carlo search enables the algorithm to find the parameters that best fit the observations. Third, we propose that the unknown MRD is expressed by a linear combination of a basis of functions that spans the possible MRDs, and we suggest two such bases. Fourth, we show how to account for the undetected systems that have a radial-velocity amplitude below a certain threshold. Without the correction, this observational bias suppresses the derived MRD for low mass ratios. Numerous simulations show that the algorithm works well with either of the two suggested bases. The four parts of the algorithm are independent, but the combination of these four parts makes the algorithm highly effective at deriving the MRD of the binary population. | 9 |
using at least one network consisting of at least one node , a multi - hop communication system is formed in which data are received and forwarded from a transmitting first node to a second node receiving the data via at least one third node interposed between the first and the second node . for transmission , the data are subdivided into packets that have a useful data portion and at least one first control data portion associated with the multi - hop method and a second control data portion associated with the network . the data are encrypted using a first public key determined by the first node and the second node , but only the useful data portion is encrypted using the first public key . | 7 |
Solar system planets move on almost circular orbits. In strong contrast, many massive gas giant exoplanets travel on highly elliptical orbits, whereas the shape of the orbits of smaller, more terrestrial, exoplanets remained largely elusive. Knowing the eccentricity distribution in systems of small planets would be important as it holds information about the planet's formation and evolution, and influences its habitability. We make these measurements using photometry from the Kepler satellite and utilizing a method relying on Kepler's second law, which relates the duration of a planetary transit to its orbital eccentricity, if the stellar density is known. Our sample consists of 28 bright stars with precise asteroseismic density measurements. These stars host 74 planets with an average radius of 2.6 R<SUB>⊕</SUB>. We find that the eccentricity of planets in Kepler multi-planet systems is low and can be described by a Rayleigh distribution with σ = 0.049 ± 0.013. This is in full agreement with solar system eccentricities, but in contrast to the eccentricity distributions previously derived for exoplanets from radial velocity studies. Our findings are helpful in identifying which planets are habitable because the location of the habitable zone depends on eccentricity, and to determine occurrence rates inferred for these planets because planets on circular orbits are less likely to transit. For measuring eccentricity it is crucial to detect and remove Transit Timing Variations (TTVs), and we present some previously unreported TTVs. Finally transit durations help distinguish between false positives and true planets and we use our measurements to confirm six new exoplanets. | 9 |
a sequence of short pulses are produced from a single input pulse of longer duration by use of a plurality of step recovery diodes connected in shunt across a transmission line . the number of individual pulses produced in response to each applied longer pulse is determined by the number of step recovery diodes shunting the transmission line and the distance between adjacent pulses in the sequence is determined by the spacing between the diodes producing the adjacent pulses . | 7 |
a system for monitoring strain in a wellbore casing includes one or more gages that are affixed to an outer surface of the wellbore casing . each gage includes one or more apertures . during operation , variations in the shape and spacing of the apertures are monitored and used to determine a level of strain in the wellbore casing . | 6 |
in accordance with certain aspects of the present invention , enhancements have been developed to further extend the performance of the generic dvd navigator component . of significance herein , was the need to assign a unique identifier to dvd discs and the like . doing so allows player applications to easily identify , catalogue and associate information with each disc . previous “ unique ” id algorithms have failed to produce useful and reliable identifiers . thus , improved methods and arrangements are provided for use in the generic dvd navigator that produces substantially , statistically unique disc ids . | 6 |
a method for monitoring a physiological condition of a user with an apparatus in a computer network is disclosed . the method generally includes the steps of storing authorization information in a nonvolatile condition within the apparatus , the authorization information being suitable for identifying at least one of one or more authorized patients among a plurality of medical patients of a health monitoring service and one or more authorized types among a plurality of patient types of the health monitoring service , sensing biometric data from the user of the apparatus and identifying the user as a particular patient from at least one of the authorized patients and the authorized types in response to matching the biometric data to the authorization information . | 6 |
novel bicyclic tetrahydroxylated pyrrolizidines are disclosed which are inhibitors of glycosidase enzymes . a preferred inhibitor is 1α , 2α , 6α , 7α , 7αβ - 1 , 2 , 6 - 7 - tetrahydroxypyrrolizidine . it is synthesized from d - glycero - d - gulo - heptono - 1 , 4 - lactone . | 2 |
methods for detecting the condition of a catheter providing access to a patient &# 39 ; s blood vessel are disclosed in which the blood is supplied to an extracorporeal blood flow circuit . the method includes generating a pressure wave on one side of one of the access points for supplying blood to the extracorporeal blood flow circuit or returning the blood to the patient , then sensing the pressure wave on the other side of the access points . apparatus for detecting the condition of the catheter are also provided . | 0 |
an apparatus comprising an electrode subsystem configured to interface to biological tissue , an electronic subsystem electrically coupled to the electrode subsystem by a connector , and a guide tube disposed over at least a portion of the electrode subsystem and the connector . the guide tube includes material to provide stiffness to the electrode subsystem and the connector in an axial direction of the guide tube . the guide tube material is removable from the electrode subsystem and the connector over the electronic subsystem when the electrode subsystem is positioned to interface to the biological tissue and while the electronic subsystem remains electrically coupled to the electrode subsystem . | 0 |
a bag spreader for spreading a bag in a container lying on its side includes a connection portion arranged to interface with the upwardly facing outer surface of the container when the container is oriented on its side and includes a bag supporting portion arranged for insertion into the bag and the container . the bag supporting portion may be disposed adjacent the upper sidewall of the container in a manner that supports the bag in an open condition when the container is oriented on its side . a head portion connects the connection portion and the bag spreading portion with the connection portion and the bag supporting portion being spaced apart on the head portion a distance sufficient to receive an edge of the container . | 1 |
a power door opener including an actuator having a housing with an electrically powered actuator shaft that can be extended from a closed to an extended position . in one embodiment , a movable push plate is affixed to the actuator shaft and a fixed push plate is fixed in its position with respect to the housing . in the closed position of the actuator shaft , the fixed and movable push plates are aligned to form a combined edge for insertion into the space between a door and door jamb . the actuator shaft extends to move the movable push plate apart from the fixed push plate to spread the space and release the door from the door jamb . alternatively , a double ended power door opener is located between opposite door jambs and the extending of the actuator shaft forces the door jambs apart to release the door from the door jamb . | 0 |
a hoist and associated method for erecting the hoist for assisting movements of disabled persons . the hoist has a fixed - length stanchion that is supportable at opposing longitudinal ends thereof by first and second support members that are , in turn , fixed to a facility structural framework . the stanchion is removable from the support members without detaching any of the support members from the facility structural framework . | 0 |
The most abundant components of primitive meteorites (chondrites) are millimeter-sized glassy spherical chondrules formed by transient melting events in the solar protoplanetary disk. Using Pb-Pb dates of 22 individual chondrules, we show that primary production of chondrules in the early solar system was restricted to the first million years after formation of the Sun and that these existing chondrules were recycled for the remaining lifetime of the protoplanetary disk. This is consistent with a primary chondrule formation episode during the early high-mass accretion phase of the protoplanetary disk that transitions into a longer period of chondrule reworking. An abundance of chondrules at early times provides the precursor material required to drive the efficient and rapid formation of planetary objects via chondrule accretion. | 9 |
This release fixes issues associated with non-numeric version numbers used in MESA since the transition to GitHub. Additionally, it adds out-of-the-box support for the &eos and &kap namelists in mesa star. It still does not automatically support astero projects, though, which is planned for future updates. Install via gem install mesa_script or update via gem update mesa_script. The gemfile is included in this release as an option for those who have no outside internet access on clusters. I in that case, upload the gem to the computer, and then use gem install mesa_script-0.2.1.gem in the same directory as the gem file. Full Changelog: https://github.com/wmwolf/MesaScript/compare/v0.2.0...v0.2.1 | 9 |
a novel class of polyaryleneamines improved in physical and chemical properties , particularly in heat resistance and solvent resistance , and a process for producing the same are disclosed : said polymers having tertiary arylamino units bound in series . | 2 |
an prosthesis for the repair of thoractic or abdominal aortic aneurysms and a method for utilizing the prosthesis . furthermore , an arrangement and method is provided for the repair of aortic aneurysms incorporating a device for the placement of the prosthesis in the corporeal lumen or body vessel of a patient , and wherein the prosthesis comprises a graft facilitating the exclusion of the aneurysm , and also provides for anastomotic structure for the attachment of the prosthesis in a laparoscopic surgical procedure . | 0 |
We analyzed the CIV line profile distortions due to microlensing in two quasars, J1339 and J1138. J1339 shows a strong, asymmetric line profile deformation, while J1138 shows a more modest, symmetric deformation. To probe the CIV broad line region (BLR), we compared the observed line profile deformations to simulated ones. The simulations are based on three simple BLR models, a Keplerian disk (KD), an equatorial wind (EW), and a polar wind (PW), of various sizes, inclinations, and emissivities. We find that the line profile deformations can be reproduced with the simple BLR models under consideration, with no need for more complex geometries or kinematics. The models with disk geometries (KD and EW) are preferred, while the PW model is definitely less likely. For J1339, we find the CIV BLR half-light radii to be $r_{1/2} =$ 5.1 $^{+4.6}_{-2.9}$ light-days and $r_{1/2} =$ 6.7 $^{+6.0}_{-3.8}$ light-days from spectra obtained in 2014 and 2017, respectively. They do agree within uncertainties. For J1138, the amplitude of microlensing is smaller and more dependent on the macro-magnification factor. From spectra obtained in 2005 (single epoch), we find $r_{1/2} =$ 4.9 $^{+4.9}_{-2.7}$ light-days and $r_{1/2}= $ 12 $^{+13}_{-8}$ light-days for two extreme values of the macro-magnification factor. Combining these new measurements with those previously obtained for the quasars Q2237$+$0305 and J1004$+$4112, we show that the BLR radii estimated from microlensing do follow the CIV radius--luminosity relation obtained from reverberation mapping, although the microlensing radii seem to be systematically smaller, which could indicate either a selection bias or a real offset (abridged). | 9 |
Context. Highly collimated jets and wide-angle outflows are two related components of the mass-ejection activity associated with stellar birth. Despite decades of research, the relation between these two components remains poorly understood. <BR /> Aims: We study the relation between the jet and the outflow in the IRAS 04166+2706 protostar. This Taurus protostar drives a molecular jet that contains multiple emission peaks symmetrically located from the central source. The protostar also drives a wide-angle outflow consisting of two conical shells. <BR /> Methods: We have used the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) interferometer to observe two fields along the IRAS 04166+2706 jet. The fields were centered on a pair of emission peaks that correspond to the same ejection event. The observations were carried out in CO(2-1), SiO(5-4), and SO(J<SUB>N</SUB> = 6<SUB>5</SUB>-5<SUB>4</SUB>). <BR /> Results: Both ALMA fields present spatial distributions that are approximately elliptical and have their minor axes aligned with the jet direction. As the velocity increases, the emission in each field moves gradually across the elliptical region. This systematic pattern indicates that the emitting gas in each field lies in a disk-like structure that is perpendicular to the jet axis and whose gas is expanding away from the jet. A small degree of curvature in the first-moment maps indicates that the disks are slightly curved in the manner expected for bow shocks moving away from the IRAS source. A simple geometrical model confirms that this scenario fits the main emission features. <BR /> Conclusions: The emission peaks in the IRAS 04166+2706 jet likely represent internal bow shocks where material is being ejected laterally away from the jet axis. While the linear momentum of the ejected gas is dominated by the component in the jet direction, the sideways component is not negligible, and can potentially affect the distribution of gas in the surrounding outflow and core. | 9 |
a method of securely transferring data from a transmitter to a receiver which includes the steps of at the transmitter encrypting data which at least in part is based on timer information at the transmitter , to form a transmission word , transmitting the transmission word to the receiver , at the receiver decrypting the transmission word , validating the transmission word by comparing the transmitted timer information to predetermined information at the receiver ; and when a valid transmission word is received adjusting the said predetermined information . | 6 |
shear stress on the skin is relieved at cavity edges in a resilient foam pad by cavity walls shaped to define a region of diminished support under the cavity edge . the edge material yields more easily under loading and may roll into the cavity to avoid pressing into body tissues . the interior wall or walls of the cavity are slanted outwardly to undercut all or part of the cavity edge to reduce the thickness of material under the edge . the shape and curvature of the cavity and cavity walls can be adapted and tailored to achieve particular pressure gradients and patterns . | 0 |
the present invention is directed to a method for the generation of periodic curved structures in a basic support material such as the basic layer for the magnetic bit cells of a magnetic storage device . the method includes the steps of generating a number of diffraction masks such that each mask comprises at least one transmission diffraction gratings having at least one of a different periodic concentric circular pattern , spiral - like periodic pattern and periodic radial spoke pattern ; positioning at least one of the diffraction masks simultaneously or successively in a certain distance of the basic support material to be patterned , the distance being mask dependent ; exposing the basic support material by directing light beams through each of the diffraction masks ; and interfering the different light beams diffracted by the gratings on each mask in order to generate coincident light intensity patterns on the surface of the basic support material . | 6 |
a process cartridge detachably mountable to a main assembly of an electrophotographic image forming apparatus including an electrophotographic photosensitive drum , a process device actable on the drum , a cartridge positioning portion for engaging a main assembly positioning portion to position the cartridge with respect to a direction crossing the direction of the axis of the drum when the cartridge is mounted to the main assembly in a direction parallel with the axis of the photosensitive drum , and a movable member movable between a first position contacting the main assembly in the process of mounting of the cartridge to the main assembly , and a second position contacting a main assembly urging member and receiving a force in the crossing direction to contact the cartridge positioning portion to the main assembly positioning portion to position the cartridge in the crossing direction , when the cartridge is mounted to the main assembly . | 6 |
a cooling tunnel system that includes a conveyor for carrying objects through a tunnel chamber . the conveyor enables a cooling fluid to pass therethrouqh and about the objects . a plurality of slot means feeds the cooling fluid to the conveyor means . each slot means includes at least one aperture for enabling vapor flow onto and about the objects . a plenum adjacent the plurality of slot means distributes the cooling fluid . and at least one fan in the tunnel chamber causes a flow of the cooling fluid into the plenum and through the slot means with sufficient velocity to impinge upon and cool the objects and to recirculate the cooling fluid within the tunnel chamber . | 5 |
the invention relates to a method for producing effervescent granules , in which the reaction partners edible , organic acid components and alkaline effervescent components separating carbon dioxide are reacted with each other in a vacuum under the effect of gas in a container that can be evacuated . the container is evacuated to a first vacuum value within a vacuum range of 200 - 900 mbar , whereupon the pressure inside the container is increased to a second vacuum value as a result of the gases produced during the reaction . the steps are cyclically repeated while the reaction continues . a maximum number of cycles , a maximum reaction time , and optionally , a maximum load for the stirring apparatus are defined before the reaction begins , and the reaction is terminated after reaching the first of the maximums . in an alternative embodiment , the invention also relates to a method for improving the shelf life of effervescent granules by a treatment with carbon dioxide during and / or following the production of the effervescent granules , and effervescent particles treated in this manner . | 8 |
hydrogen is stored at cold temperatures by sorption in a high unit surface area activated carbon storage medium . a minor amount of a transition metal is dispersed in the carbon , and this significantly increases the hydrogen occupancy of the available storage sites on the carbon . in a favorable embodiment , the storage medium is activated so as to maintain a quantity of water , which acts as a co - catalyst to further enhance the quantity of hydrogen that can be stored . | 8 |
a pulp pre - processor for the papermaking industry uses pulp fiber analyzers to determine the distribution of fiber parameters , such as length , curl or coarseness from a feed source , such as recycled pulp , and mixes metered portions of pulp from augmenting pulp sources on an as - needed basis to provide a uniform distribution of a particular fiber parameter while maximizing use of recycled pulp . | 3 |
the present invention implements a method and system for dynamically adapting the modulation and coding scheme for radio links in a wireless communications network based on a retransmission environment model in order to maximize throughput and most efficiently allocate bandwidth resources . the present invention encompasses a refined calculus and methodology for deriving the link adaptation thresholds in a retransmission environment using a complex model and analysis of the retransmission environment . the present invention holds particular application for wireless data communications as opposed to real time data services because it is based on a retransmission model applicable primarily for data services . a critical component of this new link adaptation system is a “ no transmission ” cutoff mode that is selected for sir below a base threshold value . this new mode prevents system instability and misallocation of bandwidth in a wireless communication system . | 7 |
reuse of partially expired physical tape volumes reuse is attained in a longitudinal tape data storage drive , wherein data is stored as a sequence of serpentine wraps , a wrap comprising a first linear path traced on a longitudinal tape ; and another linear path , laterally spaced from the first linear path , traced on the longitudinal tape ; the linear paths extending from one end of the longitudinal tape to the opposite end and arranged in opposite directions . one embodiment of a method comprises identifying expired portions of stored data on the longitudinal tape ; determining whether data of a complete linear path of the longitudinal tape has been expired ; and allowing reuse of any determined complete linear path for storage of data . | 6 |
the present invention provides a system and method for performing ranging operations in a cable modem system . in accordance with embodiments of the present invention , transmission times , transmission power levels , transmission carrier frequencies , and pre - equalization parameters are adjusted to provide for robust operation of the cable modem system . more particularly , iterative processing steps are used to provide coefficient ordering , scaling , and aligning between the multiple cable modems and the cable modem termination system present in a cable modem system . | 7 |
a servosystem for controlling the voltage in x - ray generators includes a system for controlling the voltage of the primary of a high voltage transformer for feeding the x - ray tubes . a servosystem controls the position and adjustment of acceleration , uniform movement and braking , and supplies a direct current motor , of the permanent magnet type and of standard manufacture , which moves the brushes of a three - phase or mono - phase toroidal autotransformer , the operation of which fixes the primary voltage of the high voltage transformer which , in turn , supplies a voltage to an x - ray tube . | 6 |
a metal stud wall and method of assembling the same are characterized by stud spacer member comprising an elongate bar - like member and at least three equal spaced notches disposed along the elongate member for receiving and engaging therein a web of a metal stud . in the assembly of a metal stud wall comprising a row of metal studs each having at least two flanges interconnected by a web , the stud spacer member is inserted through aligned openings in the webs of three or more studs and the webs are engaged in the notches to position and hold the metal studs at a prescribed spacing . successive spacer members may be inserted through further studs and overlapped with the preceding spacer member to position and hold the studs at the prescribed spacing . | 4 |
an integrated circuit is disclosed having a semiconductor component comprising a first p - type region and a first n - type region adjoining the first p - type region , which together form a first pn junction having a breakdown voltage . a further n - type region adjoining the first p - type region or a further p - type region adjoining the first n - type region is provided , the first p - type or n - type region and the further n - type or p - type region adjoining the latter together forming a further pn junction having a further breakdown voltage , the first pn junction and the further pn junction being connected or connectable to one another in such a way that , in the case of an overloading of the semiconductor component , on account of a current loading of the first pn junction , first of all the further pn junction breaks down . | 7 |
a method and structure for reducing thermally induced strains on the solder joints that couple a ball grid array module to a circuit card , so as to improve the fatigue life of the bga module . the thermally induced strains arise from a mismatch in thermal expansion coefficient between the dielectric substrate of the bga module and the dielectric board of the circuit card . the method generates void annular regions around portions of the bga dielectric substrate to which the bga solder balls are to be attached and / or around portions of the circuit card dielectric material to which the bga module is to be attached . this results in the formation of dielectric islands or peninsulas that bound the solder balls of the bga module after installation on the circuit card . the dielectric islands or peninsulas thus formed serve to increase the effective height over which the differential expansion is accommodated , thereby reducing the strains throughout the solder joints . additionally , the void annular regions provide space for the deformation of the dielectric islands or peninsulas , thereby increasing their compliance and transferring strain from the solder joints to the dielectric islands or peninsulas . | 8 |
a stretch bagging apparatus of the type having a reciprocable table top , including a pair of transversely extensible horns which are advanced axially into an open ended bag supported upon a bag elevator . after the horns advance into the bag , they are transversely extended so as to stretch the bag sides during filling of the bag . after the bag is filled with a chicken or the like , a carriage supporting the table top is axially retracted . the present apparatus is characterized principally by its provision for a longitudinally reciprocable table top which supports and axially advances both the article being bagged and the transversely extensible horns . the bag elevator includes a pivoted hocking plate valving mechanism which enables the operator to override the packaging system by pushing the filled bag against the hocking plate . | 1 |
motorized luggage includes a frame enclosed in part by an outer shell , the frame defining an internal storage compartment , front wheels connected to a steering shaft , wherein the steering shaft is rotatably connected to the frame and the position of the steering shaft controls an orientation of the front wheels , a retractable handlebar received by the steering shaft , wherein the retractable handlebar may be telescopingly moved from a stored configuration to a driving configuration , wherein in the stored configuration the handlebar is retracted and enclosed by a second zippered flap of the outer shell , wherein in the driving configuration , the handlebar is extended above a top face of the frame , a rear set of wheels connected by a second axle , wherein the second axle is operatively coupled to the frame , and an electric motor mounted on the frame , wherein the electric motor drives the rear wheels . | 0 |
a system for the electrochemical detection of triglyceride levels includes a test strip including an electrode and a counter electrode , the electrode and counter electrode located proximate to a sample reception area ; and a coating on one of the electrode and counter electrode , the coating including a reagent coating for triglycerides . | 6 |
Thermal electrons have gyroradii many orders of magnitude smaller than the finite width of a shock, thus need to be pre-accelerated before they can cross it and be accelerated by diffusive shock acceleration. One region where pre-acceleration may occur is the inner foreshock, which upstream electrons must pass through before any potential downstream crossing. In this paper, we perform a large-scale particle-in-cell simulation that generates a single shock with parameters motivated from supernova remnants. Within the foreshock, reflected electrons excite the oblique whistler instability and produce electromagnetic whistler waves, which comove with the upstream flow and as nonlinear structures eventually reach radii of up to 5 ion-gyroradii. We show that the inner electromagnetic configuration of the whistlers evolves into complex nonlinear structures bound by a strong magnetic field around four times the upstream value. Although these nonlinear structures do not in general interact with cospatial upstream electrons, they resonate with electrons that have been reflected at the shock. We show that they can scatter, or even trap, reflected electrons, confining around 0.8% of the total upstream electron population to the region close to the shock where they can undergo substantial pre-acceleration. This acceleration process is similar to, yet approximately three times more efficient than, stochastic shock drift acceleration. | 9 |
in a control system for a bidirectional printer capable of printing at different speeds on different lines and in which the actual velocity of the print carriage is compared with a desired velocity profile to generate an error count , the error count is measured and averaged out for each direction and speed of carriage movement to compensate for the effect of changes in the printer system dynamics such as aging , wear , debris buildup , etc . | 1 |
Based on the Heliospheric Imager-1 images of the STEREO twin spacecraft, we established the CORrelation-Aided Reconstruction (CORAR) technique to locate and reconstruct the 3D structures of solar wind transients in interplanetary space. Here, we extend the CORAR method to images of COR2 on board STEREO to study the evolution of small-scale transients in the outer corona from 2010 January to May. We confirm that the transients can be located and reconstructed well by comparing the results with those of a self-similar expanding model. The speed distribution of the reconstructed transients generally shows the typical characteristics of the slow solar wind. We further study the sources of the transients on the Sun, and find that most reconstructed transients are located near the top of streamer belts or the heliospheric current sheet and can be tracked back to the boundaries of the closed-field and open-field regions along the field lines extrapolated by corona models. The formation mechanisms of these transients in the slow solar wind are also discussed. | 9 |
conventionally , semiconductor devices wherein a flexible sheet with a conductive pattern was employed as a supporting substrate , a semiconductor element was mounted thereon , and the ensemble was molded have been developed . in this case , problems occur that a multilayer wiring structure cannot be formed and warping of the insulating resin sheet in the manufacturing process is prominent . in order to solve these problems , a laminated plate in which a thin first conductive film and a thick second conductive film have been laminated via a third conductive film is used . in a step for forming a conductive wiring layer by etching the first conductive film , etching depth can be controlled by stopping etching at the third conductive film . accordingly , forming the first conductive film to be thin makes it possible to form the conductive wiring layer into a fine pattern . | 7 |
a method for producing carbon fibers in a vertical carbonizing furnace and an apparatus for producing carbon fibers using such a method are disclosed . the furnace includes a heating chamber for carbonizing fibers , the furnace including , a fiber inlet at the upper end of the chamber an air tight sealed fiber outlet at the lower end of the furnace , an inert gas inlet provided on the wall of the chamber and above the fiber outlet , at least one inert gas injection portion , formed on the wall of the chamber , each capable of forming a curtain of inert gas across the heating chamber , each injection portion being provided between the gas inlet and the fiber inlet , at least one outlet each being provided below each inert gas injection portion , and a heating member capable of controlling the temperature in the heating chamber in such a manner that the temperature gradually increases from the upper end toward a lower end of the heating chamber . the carbon fibers produced by this method or apparatus are excellent in that they have few fluffs and cohering filaments and improved strength and ductility . | 3 |
a novel class of methyl esters of substituted 4 - oxo - 2 - butenoic acids and their derivatives are disclosed along with the surprising use property of these compounds as a bacteriostatic agents for humans or non - humans against mycobacteria . these compounds include : 4 -- 2 -- 4 - oxo - but - 2 - enoic acid methyl ester ; 4 -- 2 -- 2 - hydroxy - 4 - oxo - butyric acid methyl ester ; 2 -- 5 , 5 - dimethyl - 4 - oxo - hex - 2 - enoic acid methyl ester ; a pharmaceutical composition is disclosed as well as the method of treating human and non - humans infected with m . tuberculosis and related mycobacteria . | 2 |
a plasma display device comprises a plasma display panel , a chassis base for supporting the plasma display panel , and a circuit board assembly mounted on the chassis base with circuit elements for applying electrical signals required for driving the plasma display panel . the chassis base is bent with a curvature such that the curvature of the chassis base compensates for a curvature of the bent plasma display panel . | 7 |
the ski brake blades of the present invention have a recess or notch on their inner surface . these notches engage the mandrels of the other ski brake at a point above the blade . the two skis are thus held together . | 0 |
the present disclosure relates to an asset tracking system for tracking assets configured to be rack mounted in at least one of a plurality of shelf locations of an equipment rack . the system may have a plurality of radio frequency identification tags each secured to a separate asset and encoded with information concerning the asset to which it is secured . a plurality of antennas may each be secured adjacent to specific shelf locations . this uniquely associates each antenna with at least one specific shelf location . a subsystem selectively obtains information from the antennas , one by one , to determine when assets are positioned in specific ones of the shelf locations . the rfid tags may also supply information on an identity of each asset present in each shelf location . | 6 |
a sea / river powered power plant that harnesses the movement of sea waves and river currents to convert them into useful electrical energy . the power plant contains turbines which rotate about a horizontal axis as the waves and currents strike a lower portion thereof , so to turn a shaft , which eventually operates a driven shaft of an electric generator . | 4 |
uv curable compositions suitable for use as potting and encapsulating compounds for electrical and electronic devices are provided . the compositions comprise : a uv curable compound polymerizable by a free radical process and containing reactive unsaturated groups , a polysilane photoinitiator , and a peroxide photoinitiator . the use of the two photoinitiators enables one to get a more complete cure , both at the surface and deep into the coating . | 2 |
Data and code for the manuscript "Interventions can shift the thermal optimum for parasitic disease transmission" by K.H. Nguyen, P.H. Boersch-Supan, R.B. Hartman, S.Y. Mendiola, V.J. Harwood, D.J. Civitello, J.R. Rohr (2021) Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences doi:10.1073/pnas.2017537118 | 9 |
The low-frequency linearly polarised radio source population is largely unexplored. However, a renaissance in low-frequency polarimetry has been enabled by pathfinder and precursor instruments for the Square Kilometre Array. In this second paper from the POlarised GaLactic and Extragalactic All-Sky MWA Survey-the POlarised GLEAM Survey, or POGS-we present the results from our all-sky MWA Phase I Faraday Rotation Measure survey. Our survey covers nearly the entire Southern sky in the Declination range $-82^\circ$ to $+30^\circ$ at a resolution between around three and seven arcminutes (depending on Declination) using data in the frequency range 169−231 MHz. We have performed two targeted searches: the first covering 25 489 square degrees of sky, searching for extragalactic polarised sources; the second covering the entire sky South of Declination $+30^\circ$, searching for known pulsars. We detect a total of 517 sources with 200 MHz linearly polarised flux densities between 9.9 mJy and 1.7 Jy, of which 33 are known radio pulsars. All sources in our catalogues have Faraday rotation measures in the range $-328.07$ to $+279.62$ rad m<SUP>−2</SUP>. The Faraday rotation measures are broadly consistent with results from higher-frequency surveys, but with typically more than an order of magnitude improvement in the precision, highlighting the power of low-frequency polarisation surveys to accurately study Galactic and extragalactic magnetic fields. We discuss the properties of our extragalactic and known-pulsar source population, how the sky distribution relates to Galactic features, and identify a handful of new pulsar candidates among our nominally extragalactic source population. | 9 |
an apparatus for closing a succession of partly disengaged slide fastener coupling element chains with sliders mounted respectively thereon includes an element - engaging block assembly having a guide channel for constrictingly receiving a disengaged portion of each coupling element chain to close the same . the assembly includes a movable element - engaging block reciprocably movable toward and away from a stationary element - engaging block to selectively define therebetween the guide channel in timed relation to detection by a sensor of an element - free space between the successive chains and the slider . | 0 |
a vehicle body structure is described that includes a pair of rear rails , a bumper beam and a spare tire compartment including a spare tire . the rear rails have a rear segment aligned with the bumper beam , a middle segment disposed above the rear segment and a front segment that extends downwardly from the middle segment . after a 50 mph 70 % movable deformable barrier rear impact test , the spare tire compartment including the spare tire hinges downwardly to create added crush space and the middle section is raised upwardly to reduce the extent of intrusions into the passenger compartment . | 1 |
air flow is controlled in a pfbc plant comprising a combustor and a pressure vessel , a two - shaft gas turbine consisting of a low - pressure compressor lc and a low - pressure turbine lt interconnected by a shaft and a high - pressure compressor hc and a high - pressure turbine interconnected by a shaft . air is sucked into lc , is passed on to hc and via an intercept valve into the pressure vessel and the combustor , whereafter the return flow is passed via the intercept valve to ht and further to lt , from where the return flow is released into the free environment . to control the air flow the set value of the air flow control is calculated on the basis of the of the bed level and the actual value is calculated from the available process parameters , and both are supplied to the regulator of the air flow control system , the output of which regulator controls the member for executing the control which is in the form of a guide vane ring with adjustable guide vanes and is provided at the inlet to lt . | 5 |
an improved test output compaction architecture and method is disclosed that takes advantage of a response shaper in order to minimize masking of faults during compaction . | 6 |
the invention relates to a partition wall movable in an opening and consisting of double - walled panels coupled pivotally to each other at the standing edges , alternate panels being formed with a guide member attached fixedly to the panel and displaceable along a rail extending above the panels . an extension device in the form of a pin - like body which is slidable in an upper rail and which is continuously loaded by a force directed towards one of the standing hinged edges is provided . the partition wall is distinguished in that on the hinge edges two or more hinge assemblies are arranged , each provided with at least three parallel hinge pins and in each case with a pair of wings associated with each hinge portion . the partition wall further includes a panel wall whereby between the walls of each panel spacer elements are arranged . | 4 |
the present invention has an object to provide an active - matrix liquid crystal display device that realizes the improvement in productivity as well as in yield . in the present invention , a laminate film comprising the conductive film comprising metallic material and the second amorphous semiconductor film containing an impurity element of one conductivity type and the amorphous semiconductor film is selectively etched with the same etching gas to form a side edge of the first amorphous semiconductor film 1001 into a taper shape . thereby , a coverage problem of a pixel electrode 1003 can be solved and an inverse stagger type tft can be completed with three photomask . selected figure is fig . 15 . | 6 |
an improved electron or ion gun support structure includes a hollow cylinder for rigidly connecting the source assembly to the source - motion ring , with the source cathode and associated lens extending into the hollow portion of the cylinder . the gun is thus made very stable and less susceptible to outside vibrations . | 7 |
a hot water supply apparatus comprises a thermodynamic circuit having a compressor , a condensor for heat exchange between the thermodynamic fluid in the circuit and a high temperature source . that circuit further includes an evaporator arranged for heat exchange with a non - freezable heat carrying fluid which is circulated in a solar energy collecting circuit . a tank receives a body of water for heat storage . an heat exchanger is arranged in the circuit for circulation of the heat carrying fluid and is physically located above the tank . it may be combined with the evaporator . a pump directs a flow of water from the storage tank to sprinkling means associated with the heat exchanger whereby the apparatus operates as ice manufacturing device under severe cold conditions , when there is insufficient heating energy available from the sun . | 5 |
the present invention aims to provide a liquid crystal display device highly suppressing occurrence of rainbow interference pattern in displayed images . the present invention is a liquid crystal display device including : a back light source , a liquid crystal cell , a color filter , a polarizer , and a polarizer protective film arranged in the stated order , wherein the polarizer protective film has a retardation of not less than 6000 nm , and a difference of not less than 0 . 05 between a refractive index in a slow axis direction that is a highest refractive index direction and a refractive index in a fast axis direction that is orthogonal to the slow axis direction , and an absorption axis of the polarizer and the slow axis of the polarizer protective film are arranged to form an angle within a range of 0 °± 30 ° or 90 °± 30 °. | 6 |
a disk stores data groups of compressed picture data arranged over sectors . a 1st data indicative of a compression method and a 2nd data indicative of the presence of the gop are contained in a leading sector . data d is located at the head of the gop . the 1st and 2nd data and gop are aligned in order . the 1st data related to a 2nd gop is detected after data d of the 1st gop is reproduced to reproduce data d of the 2nd gop . data d arranged by an interval in the gop are reproduced . in a quick traverse / reverse mode , a 2nd data d next to a 1st data d already reproduced is detected from a position of the gop corresponding to a value obtained by subtracting / adding a fixed value from / to an integerfold of the interval to reproduce the 2nd data . data d scattered over sectors of a disk are reproduced . each sector has a 1st and a 2nd field . the 1st field stores signals not interleaved relative to signals of the 2nd field . a positional data of a leading sector is recorded in the 1st field . the leading sector is located in a 3rd field in which data d is recorded . the positional data is detected to reproduce the data d . | 6 |
an enhanced output impedance current mirror in which the operational amplifier includes a set of four mosfets having a common gate that is connected to a drain terminal of one of the differential pairs . two of the mosfets reside in parallel in the current path of each of the mosfets of the differential pair . the differential pair mosfet that has its drain terminal connected to the common gate also has a gate terminal that is connected to the common node between the two other mosfets in its current path . | 6 |
a flat cable includes a signal line extending in a longitudinal direction , a thin dielectric sheet with which the signal line is coated and that has plasticity , a pair of spaced apart ground layers extending in the longitudinal direction and sandwiching the dielectric sheet in its thickness direction , and insulators that coat the pair of ground layers so that they are not exposed to the outside . the cross - sectional size of the signal line in a direction orthogonal to the longitudinal direction , the thickness and width of the dielectric sheet , and so forth are selected to obtain a predetermined characteristic impedance for the cable . each of the pair of ground layers is sized so as to be substantially wider than the signal line . | 7 |
a turbomachine seal includes , among other things , a sealing member configured to be influenced by both hydrostatic and hydrodynamic forces when providing a seal . | 5 |
a method of providing an improved learning environment in a classroom setting area in which at least one human listener is attempting to focus on at least one speech sound source in the presence of at least one distracting sound source is disclosed . at least one electrical sound masking signal is generated by at least one sound masking signal generator as output , received by at least one system controller , and then provided to one or more loudspeaker assemblies . at least one acoustic sound masking signal corresponding to the at least one electrical sound masking signal is emitted by the one or more loudspeaker assemblies into the classroom setting area , providing an essentially uniform level of acoustic sound masking signal , thus improving the ability of the human listener to focus on the intended speech sound source in the presence of the distracting sound source . | 7 |
the invention relates to molded getter bodies for use in encapsulated electrical components . the getter bodies are formable into compressed body shapes in a simplified manner from a mixture of a getter material consisting of activated carbon , zeolite , zirconium and mixtures thereof , polyamide , and polyethylene wax . the molded getter bodies of the invention have improved accuracy as to size , increased getter capacity , and uniform getter activity relative to the prior art . | 7 |
the present invention is directed to flexible polyurethane foams useful as seat cushioning material for vehicles , aircraft , furniture and the like . the polyurethane foams are characterized by improved wet compression set properties , improved firmness , resilience and elongation . the foams are made by a process which comprises reacting a polyol having a hydroxyl equivalent of from 800 - 10 , 000 , a glycerin derivative having oxyethylene groups thereon but characterized by having a significant number of unreacted secondary hydroxyl groups of glycerin , water and an organic polyisocyanate . | 2 |
a crash cushion system to envelop at least one bridge pier . the system has two impact heads , one facing one traffic flow direction and the other facing an opposite traffic flow direction . the heads are connected to multi - stage box beam energy absorbers which are in turn connected to a tubular frame structure which envelops the bridge piers . the frame is spaced apart from the face of the pier sufficiently to avoid an impacting vehicle &# 39 ; s snagging the frame and contacting the pier structure . anchorage cables to stiffen and support the sides of the envelope are positioned inside the frame &# 39 ; s parallelogram shape . | 4 |
an air diffuser constructed from single piece of material , wherein the mounting member and diffuser sections are formed in a series of stamping operations and are interconnected by a plurality of integral links . | 5 |
the physical properties of structural surgical elements which are made from bioabsorbable materials having a glycolic ester linkage can be controlled so that the rate of strength loss and degradation in vivo is altered to achieve disintegration into fragments suitable for removal from or passage through the body without the need for waiting until the material is absorbed . this is achieved by a method of modifying the element through various chemical and / or physical treatments , preferably irradiation , or combinations thereof , with the result that bioabsorbable structural surgical elements are made more controllable in their strength loss and degradation pattern . | 2 |
the embodied invention is a large , horizontal sunshade with vertical shading curtains around the perimeter that is securely attached to the roof of a vehicle . the attachment means comprises a semi - permanent magnetic vehicle mount assembly that is attached to the vehicle roof and a matching snap ring that secures the sunscreen in place . the snap ring is magnetically attached to the car mount assembly using strong magnets that prevent the sunscreen from blowing away in the event of a wind . the sunscreen assembly incorporates reinforcing ribs in a way that allows the sunscreen assembly to be folded and stored compactly . the sunscreen assembly is removable by a simple rotation . | 1 |
an apparatus for making elongated headed workpieces having a conveyor device for successively transporting elongated workpieces such as wire pieces transversely to their longitudinal axes from one treatment station into at least one treatment station and including a guided conveyor belt assembly to which the workpieces may be clamped by their circumferential surfaces . two sections , running together and side by side , of two conveyor belts are guided in such a manner between the stations that they remain in immovable contact on both sides with the transported workpieces . at least one of the two conveyor belts is a toothed belt in which the gaps between the teeth take up the workpieces singly . | 1 |
a configuration for the transport and simultaneous alignment of sheets has a straightedge , at least one conveyor belt disposed slightly at an angle to the straightedge in the direction of movement of the sheets , and an air suction device . the conveyor belt exhibits open transverse slots on its upper side carrying the sheets . the upper half of the conveyor belt runs in a guide channel that is open in an upward direction , and the transverse slots are connected to the air suction device in such a way as to permit the flow to take place . a controller is provided to control the supply of air in the area of the transverse slots . | 1 |
the present invention relates to a device for the non - surgical clipping of aneurysms . the invention also includes methods of use to treat aneurysms , including intracranial aneurysms . the aneurysm is clipped by positioning a wire comprising a shape memory alloy , pre - set to a mutually twisted conformation , on opposite sides of the neck of the aneurysm and causing the wires to twist around each other . thus , the aneurysm neck is substantially closed . the resulting thrombosis in the aneurysm further excludes the aneurysm from blood flow and pressure . | 0 |
a method and apparatus are provided in which a control scheme is implemented to enable a pci bus to operate more than two pci slots into which pci devices may be installed . the pci slots are checked to determine if a pci device is installed in the slots and the speed at which the installed pci devices are capable of running . if any of the slots has a 33 mhz device installed in any of the slots , the system is enabled to run more than two slots , and all of the pci devices will run at 33 mhz . when no 33 mhz cards or devices are installed in the pci slots , and pci devices are only installed in the first two slots , then the system is enabled to run only the first two slots at the speed of 66 mhz . in one alternative embodiment , a default configuration routine sets the pci bus speed at one of the operating frequencies and modifies that default if it is determined during a system configuration cycle that another speed is more appropriate . | 6 |
the present invention provides a photosensitive color proofing article incorporating an antihalation effective amount of one or more antihalation dyes of the general formula shown below : ## str1 ## wherein : z is an oxygen atom , nh , or nr ; r is an alkyl group of 1 to 12 carbon atoms or a hydrogen atom ; r 1 represents a perfluoroalkylsulfonyl group of 1 to 12 carbon atoms or an arylsulfonyl group ; and r 2 represents a perfluoroalkylsulfonyl group of from 1 to 12 carbon atoms ; an arylsulfonyl group ; or a cyano group . the antihalation dyes of formula absorb radiation within the wavelength range of from about 325 to 700 nm and preferably , from about 325 to 450 nm . | 6 |
This software artifact demonstrates the Smart Agora platform. Smart Agora is an open-source platform for participatory socio-spatio-temporal sensing of urban environments. Designed for citizens, policy-makers and scientists. Higher quality data and decision-making by proving witnessed presence. Video instructions: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6KYjd4AaNkE | 9 |
We present the first astrometry catalog from the Japanese VLBI (very long baseline interferometer) project VERA (VLBI Exploration of Radio Astrometry). We have compiled all the astrometry results from VERA, providing accurate trigonometric-annual-parallax and proper-motion measurements. In total, 99 maser sources are listed in the VERA catalog. Among them, 21 maser sources are newly reported, while the rest of the 78 sources are referred to in previously published results or those in preparation for forthcoming papers. The accuracy in the VERA astrometry is revisited and compared with that from the other VLBI astrometry projects such as BeSSeL (The Bar and Spiral Structure Legacy) Survey and GOBELINS (the Gould's Belt Distances Survey) with the VLBA (Very Long Baseline Array). We have confirmed that most of the astrometry results are consistent with each other, and the largest error sources are due to source structure of the maser features and their rapid variation, along with the systematic calibration errors and different analysis methods. Combined with the BeSSeL results, we estimate the up-to-date fundamental Galactic parameters of $R_{0}=7.92\pm 0.16_{\rm {stat.}}\pm 0.3_{\rm {sys.}}\:$ kpc and $\Omega _{\odot }=30.17\pm 0.27_{\rm {stat.}}\pm 0.3_{\rm {sys.}}\:$ km $\:$ s $^{-1}\:$ kpc $^{-1}$ , where $R_{0}$ and $\Omega _{\odot }$ are the distance from the Sun to the Galactic center and the Sun's angular velocity of the Galactic circular rotation, respectively. | 9 |
We report an improved measurement of the cosmic microwave background B-mode polarization power spectrum with the Polarbear experiment at 150 GHz. By adding new data collected during the second season of observations (2013-2014) to re-analyzed data from the first season (2012-2013), we have reduced twofold the band-power uncertainties. The band powers are reported over angular multipoles 500≤slant {\ell }≤slant 2100, where the dominant B-mode signal is expected to be due to the gravitational lensing of E-modes. We reject the null hypothesis of no B-mode polarization at a confidence of 3.1σ including both statistical and systematic uncertainties. We test the consistency of the measured B-modes with the Λ Cold Dark Matter (ΛCDM) framework by fitting for a single lensing amplitude parameter A <SUB> L </SUB> relative to the Planck 2015 best-fit model prediction. We obtain {A}<SUB>L</SUB>={0.60}<SUB>-0.24</SUB><SUP>+0.26</SUP>({stat}{)}<SUB>-0.04</SUB><SUP>+0.00</SUP>({inst}) ± 0.14(foreground) ± 0.04(multi), where {A}<SUB>L</SUB>=1 is the fiducial ΛCDM value. | 9 |
an arrangement for elevating liquid by the use of solar and / or wind energy having a pipe immersed in a liquid , a pipe directed upwardly from the surface of liquid and interconnection for entrapment of liquid , with a pressure differential and an air passage formed alternately and repetitively during presence of solar and / or wind energy , is additionally provided with an air purging element formed as a hydraulic valve with upper and lower interconnected pipes of which the upper pipe has an outlet located above the liquid level . | 8 |
silicone compositions are used for treating nonporous surfaces such as glass , porcelain , ceramic , polished or painted metal , plastic , and the like , to render them water , soil and stain repellent . volatile organic compound free cream , paste , powder and solid compositions are provided by the inclusion of stabilizers in the silicone compositions . solventless silicone compositions provide numerous advantages and improved water / soil repellency qualities . | 8 |
<BR /> Aims: Planet-forming discs are believed to be very weakly turbulent in the regions outside of 1 AU. For this reason, it is now believed that magnetised winds could be the dominant mechanism driving accretion in these systems. However, currently, no self-consistent approach can describe discs that are subject to a magnetised wind in a way similar to the α disc model. In this article, I explore the parameter space of wind-driven protoplanetary discs in a systematic manner and present scaling laws that can be used in reduced models in a similar way to α disc models. <BR /> Methods: I computed a series of self-similar wind solutions, assuming that the disc is dominated by ambipolar and Ohmic diffusion. These solution were obtained by searching for stationary solutions in the finite-volume code PLUTO using a relaxation method and continuation. <BR /> Results: Self-similar solutions are obtained for values of plasma β ranging from 10<SUP>2</SUP> to 10<SUP>8</SUP> for several Ohmic and ambipolar diffusion strengths. Mass accretion rates of about 10<SUP>−8</SUP> M<SUB>⊙</SUB> yr<SUP>−1</SUP> are obtained for the poloidal field strength β = O(10<SUP>4</SUP>) or equivalently, 1 mG at 10 AU. In addition, the ejection efficiency is always close to 1, implying that wind mass-loss rate can be higher than the inner mass accretion rate when the wind-emitting region is large. The resulting magnetic lever arms are typically lower than 2, possibly reaching 1.5 in the weakest field cases. Remarkably, the mean transport properties (accretion rate and mass-loss rate) mostly depend on the field strength and much less on the disc diffusivities or surface density. The disc internal structure is nevertheless strongly affected by Ohmic resistivity, strongly resistive discs being subject to accretion at the surface while ambipolar only models lead to mid-plane accretion. Finally, I provide a complete set of scaling laws and semi-analytical wind solutions, which can be used to fit and interpret observations. <BR /> Conclusions: Magnetised winds are unavoidable in protoplanetary discs as soon as they are embedded in an ambient poloidal magnetic field. Very detailed disc microphysics are not always needed to describe them, and simplified models such as self-similar solutions can capture most of the physics seen in full 3D simulations. The remaining difficulty to set up a complete theory of wind-driven accretion lies in the transport of the large-scale field, which remains poorly constrained and is not well understood. <P />The self-similar solutions presented in this paper are available for download on github: <A href="https://github.com/glesur/PPDwind">https://github.com/glesur/PPDwind</A> | 9 |
a technique for removing vertical stripe artifacts generated in a liquid crystal display panel , more particularly a technique for compensating for and removing an inter - channel offset voltage of a column driver , which causes the vertical stripe artifacts , is disclosed . an offset voltage generated in each channel for driving each pixel of the lcd panel is detected for a whole signal path and offset voltages detected for all channels are compared and extracted according to a given timing sequence by a common signal comparator , thereby preventing the offset of the detection comparator and reducing a chip size of the column driver in contrary to the prior art . moreover , an inter - channel offset voltage is detected in a digital circuit mode , thereby compensating for process variations in a semiconductor chip manufacturing process in circuit terms . | 6 |
a frac nut assembly and method of using the assembly . the assembly has an annular shape , an outer circumferential surface , an interior surface having female threads thereon at one axial end of the frac nut assembly and a shoulder that extends radially inward from an opposite axial end of the frac nut assembly , and at least two lugs radially protruding from the outer circumferential surface . the frac nut assembly further comprises at least two members that define the frac nut assembly when assembled together at planar radial interfaces . | 5 |
a semiconductor manufacturing process enables a complex multi - layer , silicon based mems devices , such as a gyroscope or accelerometer to be formed without using silicon on insulator substrates and obviates the need to purchase and use soi wafers as starting materials . the disclosed techniques further allows the etching of the sacrificial oxide to be “ head started ” prior to fusion bonding , thereby reducing the amount of release etching required at the end of the mems wafer processing . | 1 |
the fishing box assembly defines a longitudinal axis and includes : a number of box compartments for storing fishing gear therein ; and releasable attachments , for releasably attaching the number of box compartments to one another to form an integral fishing box assembly . | 8 |
To understand the relation between NH<SUB>2</SUB>D and its physical environment, we mapped ortho-NH<SUB>2</SUB>D $1_{11}^s-1_{01}^a$ at 85.9 GHz toward 24 Galactic late-stage massive star-forming regions with Institut de Radioastronomie Millim${\rm \acute{e}}$trique (IRAM) 30-m telescope. Ortho-NH<SUB>2</SUB>D $1_{11}^s-1_{01}^a$ was detected in 18 of 24 sources. Comparing with the distribution of H<SUP>13</SUP>CN 1-0 as a dense gas tracer and radio recombination line H42α, ortho-NH<SUB>2</SUB>D $1_{11}^s-1_{01}^a$ present complex and diverse spatial distribution in these targets. 11 of the 18 targets, present a different distribution between ortho-NH<SUB>2</SUB>D $1_{11}^s-1_{01}^a$ and H<SUP>13</SUP>CN 1-0, while no significant difference between these two lines can be found in other 7 sources, mainly due to limited spatial resolution and sensitivity. Moreover, with H42α tracing massive young stellar objects, ortho-NH<SUB>2</SUB>D $1_{11}^s-1_{01}^a$ seems to show a relatively weak emission near the massive young stellar objects. | 9 |
the present invention provides for identification of agents that induce growth arrest and survival of cancer cells , which remain dormant in bone marrow , thus preventing their eradication through use of standard chemotherapy or radiation therapy . basic fibroblast growth factor , a mammary differentiation factor abundant in the bone marrow stroma , induces growth arrest of relatively differentiated breast cancer cells and restricts their survival to fibronectin by upregulating integrin α5β 1 . most of the fgf - 2 - arrested cells fail to establish optimal ligation to fibronectin and undergo cell death . cells that do attach to fibronectin , another major constituent of the bone marrow microenvironment , stay alive and growth - arrested for many weeks . using function - blocking antibodies and peptides , a specific contribution of α5β1 - fibronectin interaction in maintaining survival of growth - arrested cells was demonstrated . the present invention thus allows for methods , agents and pharmaceutical compositions that can be used to potentiate the activity of chemotherapy or radiation therapy . | 2 |
Spiral structure can occupy a significant part of the galaxy, but properly accounting for it in photometric decomposition is rarely done. This may lead to significant errors in the parameters determined. To estimate how exactly neglecting the presence of spiral arms affects the estimation of galaxy decomposition parameters, we perform fitting of 29 galaxies considering spiral arms as a separate component. In this study, we utilize 3.6 μm-band images from the S<SUP>4</SUP>G survey and use a new 2D photometric model where each spiral arm is modelled independently. In our model, the light distribution both along and across the arm and its overall shape can be varied significantly. We analyse the differences between models with and without spiral arms, and show that neglecting spiral arms in decomposition causes errors in estimating the parameters of the disc, the bulge, and the bar. We retrieve different parameters of the spiral arms themselves, including their pitch angles, widths, and spiral-to-total luminosity ratio, and examine various relations between them and other galaxy parameters. In particular, we find that the spiral-to-total ratio is higher for galaxies with more luminous discs and with higher bulge-to-total ratios. We report that the pitch angle of spiral arms decreases with increasing bulge or bar fraction. We measure the width of the spiral arms to be 53 per cent of the disc scale length, on average. We examine the contribution of the spiral arms to the azimuthally averaged brightness profile and find that spiral arms produce a 'bump' on this profile with a typical height of 0.3-0.7 mag. | 9 |
First release candidate for 3.7.0 | 9 |
according to one embodiment of the invention , the projection device features a power - supply control section which selectively supplies power from a power - supply portion . the projection device further comprises a lamp section which emits projection light and radiates the projection light ; an operation portion having a plurality of operation switches ; a control portion which compares input data , perhaps obtained by depression of predetermined operations switch with a pre - stored authentication code and controls the power - supply control portion to supply the power to the lamp section based on the result of the comparison . | 7 |
a bracket positioned on one side of a membrane or surface is adjustable from the other side of the surface to permit the position of an item supported by the bracket to be readily adjusted relatively to the surface . the bracket has a base to which an arm is movably attached . the arm moves between an open and a closed position to permit the item to be received by the bracket . in the closed position the item is clamped between the base and the arm . a finger is mounted on the base and is movable into and out of engagement with a contact surface on the arm . when the finger engages the contact surface it secures the arm in the closed position and effects the clamping action which holds the item in position . the finger and arm are readily accessible to permit adjustment . | 0 |
<BR /> Aims: The SINFONI survey for Unveiling the Physics and Effect of Radiative feedback (SUPER) was designed to conduct a blind search for AGN-driven outflows on X-ray-selected AGNs at redshift z ∼ 2 with high (∼2 kpc) spatial resolution, and to correlate them with the properties of their host galaxy and central black hole. The main aims of this paper are: (a) to derive reliable estimates for the masses of the black holes and accretion rates for the Type-1 AGNs in this survey; and (b) to characterise the properties of the AGN-driven winds in the broad line region (BLR). <BR /> Methods: We analysed rest-frame optical and UV spectra of 21 Type-1 AGNs. We used Hα, Hβ, and MgII line profiles to estimate the masses of the black holes. We used the blueshift of the CIV line profile to trace the presence of winds in the BLR. <BR /> Results: We find that the Hα and Hβ line widths are strongly correlated, as is the line continuum luminosity at 5100 Å with Hα line luminosity, resulting in a well-defined correlation between black hole masses estimated from Hα and Hβ. Using these lines, we estimate that the black hole masses for our objects are in the range Log (M<SUB>BH</SUB>/M<SUB>⊙</SUB>) = 8.4-10.8 and are accreting at λ<SUB>Edd</SUB> = 0.04-1.3. Furthermore, we confirm the well-known finding that the CIV line width does not correlate with the Balmer lines and the peak of the line profile is blueshifted with respect to the [OIII]-based systemic redshift. These findings support the idea that the CIV line is tracing outflowing gas in the BLR for which we estimated velocities up to ∼4700 km s<SUP>-1</SUP>. We confirm the strong dependence of the BLR wind velocity on the UV-to-X-ray continuum slope, the bolometric luminosity, and Eddington ratio. We infer BLR mass outflow rates in the range 0.005-3 M<SUB>⊙</SUB> yr<SUP>-1</SUP>, revealing a correlation with the bolometric luminosity consistent with that observed for ionised winds in the narrow line region (NLR), and X-ray winds detected in local AGNs, and kinetic power ∼10<SUP>-7</SUP> - 10<SUP>-4</SUP> × L<SUB>Bol</SUB>. The coupling efficiencies predicted by AGN-feedback models are much higher than the values reported for the BLR winds in the SUPER sample; although it should be noted that only a fraction of the energy injected by the AGN into the surrounding medium is expected to become kinetic power in the outflow. Finally, we find an anti-correlation between the equivalent width of the [OIII] line and the CIV velocity shift, and a positive correlation between this latter parameter and [OIII] outflow velocity. These findings, for the first time in an unbiased sample of AGNs at z ∼ 2, support a scenario where BLR winds are connected to galaxy-scale detected outflows, and are therefore capable of affecting the gas in the NLR located at kiloparsec scale distances. | 9 |
The observable spectrum of an unresolved binary star system is a superposition of two single-star spectra. Even without a detectable velocity offset between the two stellar components, the combined spectrum of a binary system is in general different from that of either component, and fitting it with single-star models may yield inaccurate stellar parameters and abundances. We perform simple experiments with synthetic spectra to investigate the effect of unresolved main-sequence binaries on spectral fitting, modelling spectra similar to those collected by the APOGEE, GALAH and LAMOST surveys. We find that fitting unresolved binaries with single-star models introduces systematic biases in the derived stellar parameters and abundances that are modest but certainly not negligible, with typical systematic errors of 300 K in T<SUB>eff</SUB>, 0.1 dex in log g and 0.1 dex in [Fe/H] for APOGEE-like spectra of solar-type stars. These biases are smaller for spectra at optical wavelengths than in the near-infrared. We show that biases can be corrected by fitting spectra with a binary model, which adds only two labels to the fit and includes single-star models as a special case. Our model provides a promising new method to constrain the Galactic binary population, including systems with single-epoch spectra and no detectable velocity offset between the two stars. | 9 |
the fragrant gel polymer system is a process where a fragrance formulation is divided and blended with a polymer and a cross - linking agent . the polymer is then liquefied and made homogenous with a solvent , including esters . the solvent modifies viscosity and later eases the mixing of the polymer with the cross - linking agent . the cross linking agent is then liquefied and blended with water and aliphatic alcohol reducing steric hindrance . mixing of the fragrance carrying polymer and the cross linking agent results in a gel that sets in less time and with less syneresis than existing processes . the resulting gel achieves a near transparent form and receives dyes while attaining various molded shapes . | 0 |
there is disclosed a thermosensitive recording material , comprising a support , a thermosensitive recording layer coated on said support and comprising a dye precursor and a color developer capable of developing a color of said dye precursor upon heating , and an porous undercoat layer comprising any one selected from water soluble polymers and latex resins and coated between said support and said thermosensitive recording layer . | 1 |
We report the discovery of Mothra, an extremely magnified monster star, likely a binary system of two supergiant stars, in one of the strongly lensed galaxies behind the galaxy cluster MACS J0416.1−2403. Mothra is in a galaxy with spectroscopic redshift z = 2.091 in a portion of the galaxy that is parsecs away from the cluster caustic. The binary star is observed only on the side of the critical curve with negative parity but has been detectable for at least eight years, implying the presence of a small lensing perturber. Microlenses alone cannot explain the earlier observations of this object made with the Hubble Space Telescope. A larger perturber with a mass of at least 10<SUP>4</SUP> M<SUB>⊙</SUB> offers a more satisfactory explanation. Based on the lack of perturbation on other nearby sources in the same arc, the maximum mass of the perturber is 2.5 × 10<SUP>6</SUP> M<SUB>⊙</SUB>, making this the smallest substructure constrained by lensing at z > 0.3. The existence of this millilens is fully consistent with expectations from standard cold dark matter cosmology. On the other hand, the existence of such a small substructure in a cluster environment has implications for other dark matter models. In particular, warm dark matter models with particle masses below 8.7 keV are excluded by our observations. Similarly, axion dark matter models are consistent with the observations only if the axion mass is in the range 0.5 × 10<SUP>−22</SUP> eV < m<SUB>a</SUB> < 5 × 10<SUP>−22</SUP> eV. | 9 |
an orifice plate for an ink jet print - head for ejecting drops of an ink , wherein the orifice plate includes an outer surface , which has a wettability with the ink , and at least one orifice arranged in the outer surface , said orifice being configured for ejecting ink drops , each orifice having an edge , the edge defining a transition boundary between the orifice and the outer surface , wherein the wettability of the outer surface is poor near the edge of the at least one orifice and the wettability increases with increasing distance from the edge of the orifice , the increasing wettability with the increasing distance from the edge of the orifice providing a driving force for moving residual ink drops away from the edge towards a wettable region , thereby reducing the risk of disturbing the trajectories of subsequent ejected ink drops . | 1 |
a method for preparing a stable dispersion of a camptothecin , camptothecin prodrug , or analog thereof for administration to a patient in need thereof includes preparing a solution of the camptothecin , wherein the solution has a ph which places substantially an entirety of that camptothecin in a carboxylate form . the camptothecin may be a neutral camptothecin . the solution is next loaded into a liposome including at least one lipid , which may be a phospholipid . an intraliposomal ph is maintained which preserves substantially an entirety of the camptothecin in the carboxylate form . the liposomal dispersion is administered to an individual in need thereof , whereby the liposomes accumulate at and permeate into tumor tissue and an active , lactone form camptothecin is released in situ at the tumor site . compositions formulated in accordance with the described method for treatment of a cancer in an animal in need thereof are provided also . | 0 |
device , system , and method of flexible hardware connectivity . for example , a printed circuit board system includes : a rigid platform having embedded therein at least one programmable logic device ; at least one rigid panel having embedded therein a set of connectors ; and a flexible connection to flexibly connect , at a non - straight angel , the programmable logic device to the rigid panel along a folding axis of the rigid panel and the rigid platform , wherein a density of wires of the flexible connection is greater than a density of wires entering at least one of the connectors . | 7 |
a dual motor drive system particularly adapted for the drive of long printing presses provides uncoupled control of both the voltage and current provided to the motors . a current divider proportions the current provided to a main and secondary motor in accordance with a chosen ratio to maintain speed and torque in accordance with press requirements . | 1 |
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