text stringlengths 12 51.9k | label int64 0 9 |
|---|---|
a system , apparatus and methods for transmitting video and audio data over twisted pairs are described . a differential signal that contains video color information is transmitted over each twisted pair . data representing digital samples of at least one audio signal is transmitted on two or more of the twisted pairs as a common mode signal . | 7 |
a light emitting device having a plurality of light extracting elements defined on an upper surface of a semiconductor layer of the device , wherein the light extracting elements are adapted to couple light out of the device and to modify the far field emission profile of the device . each element comprises an elongate region having a length at least twice its width and also greater than the effective dominant wavelength of light generated in the device . the elongate region extends orthogonal to the upper surface but not into the light emitting region of the device and may be oriented at an angle of less than 45 ° relative to one of a pair of basis axis defining a plane parallel to the semiconductor layer . each elongate region is spatially separated from neighbouring elongate regions such that it perturbs light generated in the light emitting region independently of the neighbouring regions . | 7 |
a front wheel power system which may enable independent control of power to each wheel as well as yield direct control over average and differential front wheel speeds . | 1 |
Context. Galaxy groups and clusters are the main tools used to test cosmological models and to study the environmental effect of galaxy formation. <BR /> Aims: This work provides a catalogue of galaxy groups and clusters, as well as potentially merging systems based on the SDSS main galaxy survey. <BR /> Methods: We identified galaxy groups and clusters using the modified friends-of-friends (FoF) group finder designed specifically for flux-limited galaxy surveys. The FoF group membership is refined by multimodality analysis to find subgroups and by using the group virial radius and escape velocity to expose unbound galaxies. We look for merging systems by comparing distances between group centres with group radii. <BR /> Results: The analysis results in a catalogue of 88 662 galaxy groups with at least two members. Among them are 6873 systems with at least six members which we consider to be more reliable groups. We find 498 group mergers with up to six groups. We performed a brief comparison with some known clusters in the nearby Universe, including the Coma cluster and Abell 1750. The Coma cluster in our catalogue is a merging system with six distinguishable subcomponents. In the case of Abell 1750 we find a clear sign of filamentary infall toward this cluster. Our analysis of mass-to-light ratio (M/L) of galaxy groups reveals that M/L slightly increases with group richness. <P />The catalogue is only available at the CDS via anonymous ftp to <A href="http://cdsarc.u-strasbg.fr">http://cdsarc.u-strasbg.fr</A> (<A href="http://130.79.128.5">http://130.79.128.5</A>) or via <A href="http://cdsarc.u-strasbg.fr/viz-bin/qcat?J/A+A/602/A100">http://cdsarc.u-strasbg.fr/viz-bin/qcat?J/A+A/602/A100</A> | 9 |
the sports and recreational trailer fills the existing gap in technology by providing a single device to competently handle all of the tasks associated with elevated stands , blinds , trailers , fishing huts , and the like . this invention also adds new functionality not before seen in any incarnation of the above devices , such as the ability to lower the entire chassis , or to load the trailer by utilizing a bed - tilting feature . | 1 |
the present invention broadly comprises a combination counter / brush unit comprising a housing , a brush attached to the housing , and at least one counting means operatively attached to the housing . in a second embodiment , the present invention comprises a combination counter / brush unit comprising a housing , a brush in operative association with the housing , a means arranged to at least partly retract and extend the brush from the housing , and at least one counting means operatively attached to the housing . | 0 |
the present invention provides for a conveyance device to bypass regions within a wellbore that may disrupt the desired distribution of gravel in a gravel pack . | 4 |
a bag defining an interior space and an opening . the bag includes a closing member which is connected to the body . the closing member is movable between a first position , which allows access to the interior space of the body through the opening , and a second position which prevents access to the interior space of the body through the opening . the bag includes a handle and a lockable member connected to the body . the handle includes at least one removable end . the lockable member is adapted to secure and lock the closing member and the removable end of the handle to the body when the closing member is moved to the second position to protect the bag and the items contained in the bag from being taken . | 0 |
a diaphragm structure with a first substrate including a first surface with an annular groove therein and a second opposing surface with an annular groove on each side of annular groove in the first surface defining a first diaphragm . a second substrate also includes a first surface with an annular groove therein and a second opposing surface with an annular groove on each side of the annular groove in the first surface defining a second diaphragm . a diaphragm overload stop is located behind the first and second diaphragms . | 6 |
<BR /> Aims: We examined the velocity, density, and temperature structure of Taurus molecular cloud-1 (TMC-1), a filamentary cloud in a nearby quiescent star forming area, to understand its morphology and evolution. <BR /> Methods: We observed high signal-to-noise (S/N), high velocity resolution NH<SUB>3</SUB>(1,1), and (2, 2) emission on an extended map. By fitting multiple hyperfine-split line profiles to the NH<SUB>3</SUB>(1, 1) spectra, we derived the velocity distribution of the line components and calculated gas parameters on several positions. Herschel SPIRE far-infrared continuum observations were reduced and used to calculate the physical parameters of the Planck Galactic Cold Clumps (PGCCs) in the region, including the two in TMC-1. The morphology of TMC-1 was investigated with several types of clustering methods in the parameter space consisting of position, velocity, and column density. <BR /> Results: Our Herschel-based column density map shows a main ridge with two local maxima and a separated peak to the south-west. The H<SUB>2</SUB> column densities and dust colour temperatures are in the range of 0.5-3.3 × 10<SUP>22</SUP> cm<SUP>-2</SUP> and 10.5-12 K, respectively. The NH<SUB>3</SUB> column densities and H<SUB>2</SUB> volume densities are in the range of 2.8-14.2 × 10<SUP>14</SUP> cm<SUP>-2</SUP> and 0.4-2.8 × 10<SUP>4</SUP> cm<SUP>-3</SUP>. Kinetic temperatures are typically very low with a minimum of 9 K at the maximum NH<SUB>3</SUB> and H<SUB>2</SUB> column density region. The kinetic temperature maximum was found at the protostar IRAS 04381+2540 with a value of 13.7 K. The kinetic temperatures vary similarly to the colour temperatures in spite of the fact that densities are lower than the critical density for coupling between the gas and dust phase. The k-means clustering method separated four sub-filaments in TMC-1 with masses of 32.5, 19.6, 28.9, and 45.9 M<SUB>⊙</SUB> and low turbulent velocity dispersion in the range of 0.13-0.2 km s<SUP>-1</SUP>. <BR /> Conclusions: The main ridge of TMC-1 is composed of four sub-filaments that are close to gravitational equilibrium. We label these TMC-1F1 through F4. The sub-filaments TMC-1F1, TMC-1F2, and TMC-1F4 are very elongated, dense, and cold. TMC-1F3 is a little less elongated and somewhat warmer, and probably heated by the Class I protostar, IRAS 04381+2540, which is embedded in it. TMC-1F3 is approximately 0.1 pc behind TMC1-F1. Because of its structure, TMC-1 is a good target to test filament evolution scenarios. | 9 |
the present invention provides methods for producing a photoresist having a very low level of metal ions , utilizing a treated chelating ion exchange resins to make the neutral ammonium salt or acid form . a method is also provided for producing semiconductor devices using such photoresist compositions . | 6 |
the invention relates to a process and to a device for producing a coherent web from long slivers which are produced by breaking - up the raw material fed and are then compacted to give a web which is subsequently glued and then pressed together with other webs to give blocks or the like . the raw material used is sticks or slabs which are split parallel to the fibers by vertically oscillating cutting motions , to give long slivers which are then compacted by ramming to give a web . | 8 |
an improved rodent trap for use where sanitary conditions are required . the trap housing includes a rodent activated trip mechanism which dislodges a door prop causing the spring or weight biased door to latch shut trapping the rodent inside . air seals are provided around the door so the rodent is caused to suffocate . a transparent inspection panel , which may be the door , is provided for allowing the user to determine whether the trapped rodent is still alive . | 0 |
a controller is disclosed which uses pulse width and pulse frequency modulated signals to control a variable to a desired value , the pwm and pfm signals generated through calculation of the difference between the variable and the desired value and then by routing either the pwm or the pfm to the final control element or elements , thereby performing the functions of a proportional and integral controller . derivative action is also disclosed by differentiating the difference , after filtering , and using the relationship between the difference and the differential to determine the routing of the output signal to the final control element or elements . | 6 |
the invention relates to an arrangement for the vapor deposition on substrates . it includes a pan as well as a cover with linearly disposed bores . above this cover is seated a seal - off device , which also includes openings . through the seal - off device the bores of the cover can be opened or closed , all bores being addressed simultaneously . through the seal - off device different evaporation rates can be set within an extremely short time . | 2 |
a device in a sheet delivery for accommodating flat printed products , the device having a lowerable auxiliary sheet stack frame arranged between two side walls of the sheet delivery , includes respective lifting devices to which the auxiliary stack frame , at respective corner locations thereof , is articulatedly connected , a movable auxiliary stack receiving element mounted on and completely surrounded by the auxiliary stack frame , the auxiliary stack frame being of a length in a sheet travel direction substantially equal to twice the length of the auxiliary stack receiving element . | 1 |
high availability bgp4 is based on redundant hardware as well as redundant software that replicates the run state of bgp4 . there are two copies , respectively active and backup , of bgp4 running on two separate redundant hardware platforms . all bgp4 internal implementations apply various methods to replicate the running state of bgp4 independently of peer network routers . when this hardware or software fails on one redundant hardware platform , peer routers are unaware of the failure . internally , based on duplicative states , the local router recovers from the failure and keeps the protocol running . during the recovery period , the local router can bring up a backup again . in the ha architecture , these activities are not detected by peer routers , such that there is no instability to the internet backbone caused by bgp4 failure . | 7 |
The X-ray Integral Field Unit (X-IFU) is the high resolution X-ray spectrometer of the ESA Athena X-ray observatory. Over a field of view of 5' equivalent diameter, it will deliver X-ray spectra from 0.2 to 12 keV with a spectral resolution of 2.5 eV up to 7 keV on ∼ 5" pixels. The X-IFU is based on a large format array of super-conducting molybdenum-gold Transition Edge Sensors cooled at ∼ 90 mK, each coupled with an absorber made of gold and bismuth with a pitch of 249 μm. A cryogenic anti-coincidence detector located underneath the prime TES array enables the non X-ray background to be reduced. A bath temperature of ∼ 50 mK is obtained by a series of mechanical coolers combining 15K Pulse Tubes, 4K and 2K Joule-Thomson coolers which pre-cool a sub Kelvin cooler made of a 3He sorption cooler coupled with an Adiabatic Demagnetization Refrigerator. Frequency domain multiplexing enables to read out 40 pixels in one single channel. A photon interacting with an absorber leads to a current pulse, amplified by the readout electronics and whose shape is reconstructed on board to recover its energy with high accuracy. The defocusing capability offered by the Athena movable mirror assembly enables the X-IFU to observe the brightest X-ray sources of the sky (up to Crab-like intensities) by spreading the telescope point spread function over hundreds of pixels. Thus the X-IFU delivers low pile-up, high throughput (< 50%), and typically 10 eV spectral resolution at 1 Crab intensities, i.e. a factor of 10 or more better than Silicon based X-ray detectors. In this paper, the current X-IFU baseline is presented, together with an assessment of its anticipated performance in terms of spectral resolution, background, and count rate capability. The X-IFU baseline configuration will be subject to a preliminary requirement review that is scheduled at the end of 2018. | 9 |
the present invention relates to improvements made to heat insulating means for piping subjected to high thermal , hydrostatic and mechanical stresses . the new insulating means comprises a plurality of sectors or layers made from a lacunal insulating material enclosing air , which sectors or layers are bonded together by sheets or layers of elastomer , and having undergone curing at a temperature less than or equal to 120 ° c . | 8 |
a plug - in connector assembly for connecting at least one fluid line to another fluid line or to an aggregate connection . the plug - in connector assembly includes , a housing , a mating plug - in connector and an adapter sleeve . the mating plug - in connector and the adapter sleeve are received within a sleeve section of the housing , with the adapter sleeve operating to attach the mating plug - in connector to the housing in a releasable manner . | 5 |
a humidifier and humidity sensor is disclosed for use with a breathing assistance apparatus . the humidity sensor preferably includes means to sense absolute humidity , relative humidity and / or temperature at both the patient end and humidifier end . the humidifier may also include provision to both control independently the humidity and temperature of the gases . further , a chamber manifold is disclosed to facilitate easy connection of the humidifier to various outlets , inlets and sensors . a heated conduit is described which provides a more effective temperature profile along its length . | 0 |
a dehumidifier system comprising : a dehumidifying chamber into which moist air is introduced and from which less moist air is removed after dehumidification ; a desiccant solution situated in at least one reservoir ; a first conduit via which desiccant solution is transferred from the at least one reservoir to the dehumidifying chamber , said solution being returned to said at least one reservoir after absorbing moisture from the moist air ; a regenerator which receives desiccant solution from said at least one reservoir and removes moisture from it ; a second conduit via which desiccant is transferred from the at least one reservoir to the regenerator , said solution being returned to said at least one reservoir after moisture is removed from it ; and a heat pump that transfers heat from the solution in the first conduit to the solution in the second conduit . | 5 |
disclosed herein is a new variable ratio drive which can be utilized for cycles , scooters , motorcycles , motor vehicles and any type of machine in general on which it is necessary to transmit motion with a multiplicative and / or a reducing ratio , with or without inversion of motion , from one to the other of two , coaxial or otherwise , rotating parts . | 5 |
the invention relates to an automotive cargo carrier utilizing interlocking vertically offset tubular perimeter members and multiple intersecting tension members providing for a substantially rigid , yet resilient structure , and a system for cargo carriage utilizing various interchangeable elements . | 1 |
a metal layer is deposited on the patterned semiconductor material layer containing a cathode semiconductor portion , a fuselink semiconductor portion , and an anode semiconductor portion . the metal layer may be patterned so that a middle portion of the fuselink semiconductor portion has a thin metal layer , which upon annealing produces a thinner metal semiconductor alloy portion than surrounding metal semiconductor alloy portion on the fuselink semiconductor portion . alternatively , a middle portion of the metal semiconductor alloy having a uniform thickness throughout the fuselink may be lithographically patterned and etched to form a thin metal semiconductor alloy portion in the middle of the fuselink , while thick metal semiconductor alloy portions are formed on the end portions of the fuselink . the resulting inventive electrical fuse has interfaces at which a thinner metal semiconductor alloy abuts a thicker metal semiconductor alloy in the fuselink to enhance the divergence of electrical current . | 7 |
a quick stop device for abruptly interrupting the cutting of a workpiece by a cutter is disclosed . the quick stop device employs an outer housing connected to an inner workpiece holder by at least one shear pin . the outer housing includes an appropriate shank designed to be received in the spindle of a machine , such as a machine tool . a cutter , such as a drill bit , is mounted in a stationary position and the workpiece , mounted to the workpiece holder , is rotated during engagement with the cutter . a trigger system includes at least one spring loaded punch disposed for movement into engagement with the workpiece holder to abruptly stop rotation of the workpiece holder . this action shears the shear pin and permits continued rotation of the spindle and outer housing without substantially disturbing the chip root formed during cutting . | 1 |
this disclosure is generally concerned with optical modules . in one example , an optical module provided that includes a pair of optical subassemblies , each of which includes a port housing within which a corresponding optical component is disposed . the optical module further includes a pair of electrically conductive elements configured to facilitate control of emi . each of the electrically conductive elements is disposed on a respective port housing such that a gap is present between the first and second electrically conductive elements and the first and second electrically conductive elements do not contact each other . | 6 |
a light receiving element is comprised of a light sensitive surface on a semiconductor substrate and a positive electrode , a negative electrode , a mounting precision test mask , a conductive electrode wire , and solder resist on the same substrate surface . a metal thin film , a mounting alignment mark , and a mounting precision mark window are provided on the back side of the substrate . two or more electrode surfaces having either the anode or the cathode used as the common electrode are provided . the light sensitive surface is positioned approximately in the center between these two electrode surfaces . a highly precise mounting can therefore be achieved with the solder bump , even when mounting single light receiving elements . high precision mounting is also obtained when mounting light receiving element arrays . this type of light receiving element can be precisely positioned and bonded by solder bumps to a substrate having an optical fiber fitted in the v groove . | 7 |
Simple mesh generator inspired by distmesh. | 9 |
a sheet combining device includes at least one former , at least one longitudinal cutter , and at least two partial web guide routes . a respective partial sheet of partial cut webs can be conveyed on each of the at least two partial web guide routes . these sheets can be combined to form a principal sheet at an exit of the sheet combining device . a stapler is provided on one of the at least two partial web guide routes and is used to staple the partial sheet which is conveyed on that guide route . | 8 |
the present invention relates to a novel class of aromatic diamine monomers , benzoxazole polymers made from said class of monomers , and polymer - matrix composites which may be produced therefrom . the present invention also relates to methods of producing said polymers and said polymer - matrix composites . the polymer - matrix composites have as one advantage high strength and temperature resistance . | 2 |
We report on internal, magnetospheric processes related to markedly different storm-time responses of phase space density (PSD) in invariant coordinates corresponding to equatorially mirroring, relativistic electrons in Earth's outer radiation belt. Two storms are studied in detail, selected from a database of 53 events (Dst<SUB>min</SUB> < -40 nT) during the THEMIS era thus far (December 2007-August 2012). These storms are well covered by a number of in situ THEMIS spacecraft and complemented by additional ground-based and in situ observatories, and they epitomize the divergent behaviors that the outer radiation belt electrons can exhibit during active periods, even during otherwise similar Dst and auroral electrojet (AE) profiles. From our statistical results with the full database, the changes in the radial profile peak in PSD reveal notably consistent behavior with prior studies: 58% of geomagnetic storms resulted in PSD peak enhancements, 17% resulted in PSD peak depletions, and 25% resulted in no significant change in the PSD peak after the storm. For the two case studies, we examined the PSD at multiple equatorial locations (using THEMIS), trapped and precipitating fluxes from low-Earth orbit (using POES), and chorus, hiss, EMIC, and ULF waves (using THEMIS spacecraft, ground observatories, and the GOES spacecraft). We show that (1) peaks in PSD were collocated with observed chorus waves outside of the plasmapause during the most active periods of the PSD-enhancing storm but not during the PSD-depleting storm, providing evidence for the importance of local acceleration by wave-particle interactions with chorus; (2) outer belt dropouts occurred following solar wind pressure enhancements during both storms and were consistent with losses from magnetopause shadowing and subsequent outward radial transport; during the PSD-enhancing storm, this revealed how the outer belt can replenish itself seemingly independently of the remnant of the pre-existing belt leftover after a dropout, which in this case resulted in a double-peaked outer belt distribution; (3) slow decay in PSD was associated with corresponding locations in L* and enhanced wave amplitudes of plasmaspheric hiss; (4) precipitation loss associated with wave-particle interactions with hiss and EMIC waves appeared to be significantly more important during the PSD-depleting storm than the PSD-enhancing storm; and (5) PSD transport during the recovery phase of both storms and throughout the PSD-enhancing storm was consistent with ULF-wave-driven radial diffusion away from maxima in PSD; this indicates the importance of ULF waves in redistributing outer belt PSD after local acceleration occurs. We conclude that these source, transport, and loss processes, individually well characterized by previous studies, do indeed appear to act in concert, leading to predominance of local acceleration in one case and loss in another. These processes can therefore conspire toward optimal source or loss of outer belt electrons under suitable external drivers, and the conditions resulting in wave growth for these acceleration and loss mechanisms are therefore an important area of future research. | 9 |
a semiconductor optical device and an optical device array is provided which can be used in an optical logic circuit , photonic switching oeic , etc . the device includes a light amplifying arrangement provided on a bypass waveguide that connects a plurality of optical waveguides , thereby enabling improvement of the light crosstalk and the light propagation loss . in particular , by virtue of providing a light amplifying means in addition to the light deflecting portion , noise components are not amplified , and , therefore , the sn ratio is markedly increased . | 7 |
a system and method for dual mode dp and hdmi transmission are provided . briefly described , one embodiment of a dual mode dp and hdmi transmitter , among others , can be implemented as follows . the dual mode dp and hdmi transmitter comprises a driver circuit controlled by a data signal . the dual mode dp and hdmi transmitter also comprises a control circuit coupled to the driver circuit . the control circuit is configurable to transmit the data signal in a dp mode or a hdmi mode according to a mode signal . one embodiment of a method , among others , comprises : receiving a mode signal ; determining whether to configure the dual mode dp and hdmi transmitter for transmitting in a dp mode or an hdmi mode based on the received mode signal ; and configuring a dual mode dp and hdmi transmitter in accordance with the determination . | 6 |
for spliced connection of multi - channel optical - fiber cable ends , the invention contemplates provision of a splice case internally adapted for the storage of excess length of cable in an accumulator and near the splice region , there being a splice mount that is removably secured to the accumulator , so that stored excess cable length will permit selective removal of the splice mount and all its fiber splices to a working location remote from the splice case and its accumulator , all without disturbing the continuous communicating connection of splice fibers not requiring service maintenance or repair . when the servicing operation has been completed , the excess cable length is readily re - coiled into the accumulator , the splice mount is returned to its secured position , and the splice case is re - closed . | 6 |
a cleanable belt conveyor and a method for making a cleanable belt conveyor having an underside sculpted with concave indentations to match the shape and positions of the elongated support rails forming a carryway . the support rails may be circular in cross section , and the indentations may be complementary portions of circular cylinders to receive the rails along an extended contact area . | 8 |
high - side physical interface driver circuit , for use in a variety of data transmission applications , includes an external connection for connecting and providing drive current to an external physical interface . output transistor for channeling high - side drive current to external connection . output transistor includes base , collector , and emitter . control transistor controls the on state of output transistor to supply high - side drive current to external connection . at least one shorting transistor shorts base of output transistor to emitter , when high - side voltage reaches a predetermined minimum voltage level . the breakdown prevention circuitry , including transistors , , , as well as associated circuitry , couples with control transistor for preventing control transistor from shorting due to breakdown of parasitic diodes when the high - side physical interface driver circuit reaches a predetermined maximum value . | 7 |
methods for improving video images by making real - time gamma correction adjustments to such images are described . more particularly , gamma correction adjustments may be optimized for each individual frame of a video image by first segregating the pixels of an image according to brightness . the segregated pixels may then be used in computing weighting calculations , which modify the transfer functions used for image display . in some embodiments , the video signal may be conditioned between the standard gamma curve and the s - shaped gamma curve used in mapping video signal input to intensity output . in this manner , frame - to - frame gamma correction adjustments can be made , thereby optimizing the resulting image . related systems for making frame - to - frame gamma correction adjustments are also described . | 7 |
metal cross - linked phosphate ester compositions impart fragile progressive gel structure to a variety of oil and invert emulsion - based drilling fluids at neutral or acidic ph . the fluids are useful for drilling wellbores in subterranean formations without need for organophilic clays to suspend drill solids . at greater concentrations , metal cross - linked phosphate ester compositions enhance fluid viscosity for suspending weighting materials in drilling fluids during transport of the fluids , as from a manufacturing or mixing facility to a drilling site . | 8 |
the positioning assembly is used in a thermal printing postage meter having a base supporting a registration wall and a deck , and a thermal print head fixably mounted to the registration wall above a portion of the deck to define a print station for printing a postage indicia on an envelope having a leading edge positioned on the deck in the print station . the positioning assembly includes a stop lever and a position support arrangement . the position support arrangement provides support for the stop lever such that in a first or home position , the stop lever obstructs the longitudinal positioning on the deck beyond the proper print station location . the obstruction is caused by encounter of the stop lever with the leading edge of the envelope . during initiation of the print cycle , the stop lever is repositioned to a second position removing the stop lever from obstructing the leading edge of the envelope . | 6 |
We use the joint measurement of geometry and growth from anisotropic galaxy clustering in the Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (BOSS) Data Release 9 (DR9) CMASS sample reported by Reid et al. to constrain dark energy (DE) properties and possible deviations from the general relativity (GR). Assuming GR and taking a prior on the linear matter power spectrum at high redshift from the cosmic microwave background (CMB), anisotropic clustering of the CMASS DR9 galaxies alone constrains Ω<SUB>m</SUB> = 0.308 ± 0.022 and 100Ω<SUB>k</SUB> = 5.9 ± 4.8 for w = -1, or w = -0.91 ± 0.12 for Ω<SUB>k</SUB> = 0. When combined with the full CMB likelihood, the addition of the anisotropic clustering measurements to the spherically averaged baryon acoustic oscillation location increases the constraining power on DE by a factor of 4 in a flat cold dark matter (CDM) cosmology with constant DE equation of state w (giving w = -0.87 ± 0.05). This impressive gain depends on our measurement of both the growth of structure and the Alcock-Paczynski effect, and is not realized when marginalizing over the amplitude of redshift-space distortions. Combining with both the CMB and Type Ia supernovae, we find Ω<SUB>m</SUB> = 0.281 ± 0.014 and 1000Ω<SUB>k</SUB> = -9.2 ± 5.0 for w = -1, or w<SUB>0</SUB> = -1.13 ± 0.12 and w<SUB>a</SUB> = 0.65 ± 0.36 assuming Ω<SUB>k</SUB> = 0. Finally, when a ΛCDM background expansion is assumed, the combination of our estimate of the growth rate with previous growth measurements provides tight constraints on the parameters describing possible deviations from GR giving γ = 0.64 ± 0.05. For one-parameter extensions of the flat ΛCDM model, we find a ∼2σ preference either for w > -1 or slower growth than in GR. However, the data are fully consistent with the concordance model, and evidence for these additional parameters is weaker than 2σ. | 9 |
the invention uses a heterodyne interferometer with coherent detection that uses a vibrating sample that can be used as a non - contact and non - destructive surface profiler and mapping apparatus where detailed profiles of the local slope and / or roughness of the vibrating sample are obtained in three dimensions . the invention can operate in either a heterodyne or homodyne regime with a probe that uses either i ) focused optics , ii ) a single mode optical fiber with an integral grin lens at its far end for focusing onto the sample or iii ) a single - mode optical fiber with a taper at the end . additionally , the heterodyne interferometry technique can be used for imaging birefringent objects such as semiconductor diagnostics of gaas , ingaas , ingaasp , and other ii - vi of iii - v binary , ternary , and quaternary materials for analysis and diagnostics by using the birefringent properties of the object , and monitoring the electrical activity of biological cellular tissue . | 6 |
an electromagnetic friction clutch including a rotor , further clutch element which orbits a common axis of rotation with the rotor and is supported so that it can rotate relative to the rotor , eddy current elements for transmitting a rotational movement on the principle of an eddy current clutch , one of the eddy current elements being rotationally fixed to the further clutch element , and one or more magnetic elements rotationally fixed to the rotor so as to orbit one of the eddy current elements . | 7 |
in editing a collection of video still pictures prerecorded on a video disk , a composite picture is displayed showing a cropped part of each still picture and a message pertaining to the picture . the message suggests alternative decisions that may be made in relation to editing the picture . by temporarily substituting the missing part of the picture for the message , the user can obtain a better indication of image content before making a decision . the substitution is made by a two - state video switch having a first state in which it ordinarily passes a video picture signal obtained from the video disk and a video text signal corresponding to the message . the switch has a temporary second state in which it passes only the video picture signal . by pressing a button on a user - operated controller , the video switch is placed in its second state and only the video picture is displayed . releasing the button redisplays the composite picture . | 7 |
a method for detecting a pn pattern for a remote loopback test in a communication system includes the following first through fifth steps . the first step receives a first n - bit pattern which is a part of the pn pattern . the second step leftwardly shifts n bits of the first n - bit pattern by a first number of bits , so that a second n - bit pattern is generated . the third step executes an exclusive - or operation on the n bits of the first n - bit pattern and n bits of the second n - bit pattern , so that a third n - bit pattern is generated . the fourth step rightwardly shifts n bits of the third n - bit pattern by a second number of bits , so that a fourth n - bit pattern is generated . the fifth step executes an exclusive - or operation on the n bits of the third n - bit patterns and n bits of the fourth n - bit patterns , so that a fifth n - bit pattern is generated . the fifth n - bit pattern is a sixth n - bit pattern which is received after the first n - bit pattern . the first through fifth are repeatedly carried out each time n bits of the first n - bit pattern are received at the first step until a pattern detection signal is generated to activate the loopback test procedure when the fifth n - bit pattern and the sixth n - bit pattern become identical for a number of times . | 7 |
the present invention is directed to a multi - purpose arena that can be used for sport and non - sport type of events . the size of the arena can be varied to suit the particular type of entertainment present in the arena . the acoustics can also be varied or tuned to maximize the performance in the arena . the seating in the arena is disposed to provide excellent viewing of the entertainment being performed in the arena . and , the arena can accommodate the staging requirements for almost any use that is developed for the arena . | 4 |
a method for fabricating an image sensor is provided . a substrate is provided , and then a plurality of photoresist patterns is formed on the substrate . the photoresist patterns are arranged in a first array and defined by a plurality of photomask patterns arranged as a photomask pattern array , wherein a top view of each photoresist pattern has a substantially square shape and a distance between two neighboring photoresist patterns decreases from a center of the first array toward an edge of the first array . besides , each photomask pattern includes a transparent portion and an opaque portion , wherein an area proportion of the transparent portion included in a photomask pattern increases from the center toward the edge of the photomask pattern array . then , a thermal reflow step is performed to convert the photoresist patterns into a plurality of microlenses arranged in a second array . | 7 |
the present invention provides a process for the manufacture of carbon nanostructures , the carbon nanostructures being selected from carbon nanotubes and carbon nano - onions . the method comprises the steps of injecting a carbon - containing gas into a plasma flame generated from a plasma forming gas to provide atomic carbon , which in the presence of in situ generated nanometer sized metal catalyst particles that act as nucleation points for growth of carbon nanostructures , produce the carbon nanostructures , and collecting the carbon nanostructures . | 2 |
an alignment tool for adjusting the position of a first body relative to aecond body in a severely limited working space . the tool rigidly attaches to the first body and operates through a fork against a pin which is rigidly fixed to the second body . the fork is driven laterally by a lead screw which is driven by a perpendicular input shaft through a pair of 45 ° bevel gears . a conventional socket wrench type tool supplies input torque . | 1 |
the examples of the present disclosure disclose a method and apparatus for uploading an attachment , relate to the internet technologies , and solve problems in the traditional art that a user device cannot completely show all the content to upload and that some touch screen devices cannot obtain information inputted by the user properly . the method comprises : uploading an attachment uploading interface , the attachment uploading interface including at least one attachment uploading option ; determining an attachment to upload when an attachment uploading option is activated ; and generating attachment information corresponding to the attachment to upload and displaying the attachment information on a location where the at least one attachment uploading option is displayed . | 7 |
a method for preparing data for exposure includes forming a first plurality of rectangular patterns from a reticle preparing rule ; lining an object pattern for performing reticle exposure with the first rectangular patterns , and extracting a second plurality of rectangular patterns , disposed in an n × n matrix , from the first plurality of rectangular patterns in the object pattern ; and performing a violation detecting treatment and a correcting treatment of the pattern width and the pattern distance of the reticle exposure pattern on the basis of the distance between the second plurality of rectangular patterns . | 6 |
The very first version of the code. Some modification will be needed before the code runs, a readme and tutorial is available for both the matlab and R code | 9 |
the disclosed leonard type elevator system comprises a reversible converter for controllably driving a dc motor , and an ac voltage detector and a dc voltage detector connected to the ac and dc sides of the converter respectively for detecting the voltages developed on the respective sides of the converter . when a difference in detected voltage between the two detectors exceeds a predetermined magnitude due to a decrease in the ac source voltage , a comparator produces an output serving to disconnect the dc motor from the converter . also the comparator may produce such an output when the converter receives regenerative power from the dc motor . | 8 |
Long-duration γ-ray bursts (GRBs) are the most luminous sources of electromagnetic radiation known in the Universe. They arise from outflows of plasma with velocities near the speed of light that are ejected by newly formed neutron stars or black holes (of stellar mass) at cosmological distances<SUP>1,2</SUP>. Prompt flashes of megaelectronvolt-energy γ-rays are followed by a longer-lasting afterglow emission in a wide range of energies (from radio waves to gigaelectronvolt γ-rays), which originates from synchrotron radiation generated by energetic electrons in the accompanying shock waves<SUP>3,4</SUP>. Although emission of γ-rays at even higher (teraelectronvolt) energies by other radiation mechanisms has been theoretically predicted<SUP>5-8</SUP>, it has not been previously detected<SUP>7,8</SUP>. Here we report observations of teraelectronvolt emission from the γ-ray burst GRB 190114C. γ-rays were observed in the energy range 0.2-1 teraelectronvolt from about one minute after the burst (at more than 50 standard deviations in the first 20 minutes), revealing a distinct emission component of the afterglow with power comparable to that of the synchrotron component. The observed similarity in the radiated power and temporal behaviour of the teraelectronvolt and X-ray bands points to processes such as inverse Compton upscattering as the mechanism of the teraelectronvolt emission<SUP>9-11</SUP>. By contrast, processes such as synchrotron emission by ultrahigh-energy protons<SUP>10,12,13</SUP> are not favoured because of their low radiative efficiency. These results are anticipated to be a step towards a deeper understanding of the physics of GRBs and relativistic shock waves. | 9 |
a method for re - fracturing of wells having perforated casing that were previously fractured is provided . the method employs degradable ball sealers having a density near that of the injection fluid such that high seating efficiency of balls on perforations is attained . the balls degrade at varying rates , so that some intervals are opened for fracturing while other intervals are still blocked by ball sealers . after fracturing of an interval , the interval may by shut - off by ball sealers that degrade at a much slower rate or that do not degrade . the method may be applied to proppant fracturing or acid fracturing . | 4 |
a numerical simulation method for characterizing fluid channeling along large - aperture fractures of reservoirs relates to the field of petroleum reservoir development research and computational fluid dynamics . the conventional method can not effectively represent the rapid fluid channeling along large - aperture fractures . aiming at solving the above technical problem , an advanced method is provided in the present invention . in the invented method , the geometric similarity and hydraulic similarity treatments of large - aperture fractures can be made simultaneously , moreover , the traditional numerical simulation software was improved to be an unstructured grid simulator . therefore , the method of the present invention can effectively simulate the rapid fluid channeling along large - aperture fractures , consequently it can ensure the reliability of the simulation results and provide reasonable reference for the adjustment and optimization of oil field development plans . the present invention is simple in principle and easy to use , thus it has a great value of application and popularization . | 6 |
acoustical transmission loss of sheet materials in the low frequency range is measured by utilizing a cylindrical test chamber containing a speaker directed towards the upper end to which the sheet material is mounted . pressure gradient microphones are mounted on either side of the sheet material and are connected to electronic circuitry for responsively indicating the transmission loss measurement across said sheet material . | 6 |
a system and method of software database tracking design encompasses user , commercial user , professional and novice researcher usage of the internet on database systems located locally on hard - drives or remotely on servers through internet protocol design computers and storage systems alike ip telephony , mobile phones , mobile system storage devices and average home and laptop computers via software installation or as alternate service providers to emulate small as well as large command demand url files upon objects , through menus , or display directly on a location on a website to dedicate to the user &# 39 ; s need and demand for a high - grade interoperability of usage of tracking their movements on the internet both as point to point landing pages including objects as precisely offering step by step user &# 39 ; s usage in a functioning internet environment including some cases of expertly delivering advertisements . | 6 |
a method of preparing platelets for long term storage comprises the steps of obtaining whole blood from a human , preparing platelet rich plasma from the whole blood and then passing the platelet rich plasma through a filter under conditions sufficient to remove substantially all leucocytes from the plasma , with steps and occurring in an integrally attached blood bag system within a few hours of step . | 0 |
a height adjustable work seat is disclosed . the work seat is collapsible and extendable , and has a base , a seat pan and four folding and lockable legs . four wheels are mounted to the bottom of the base . the folding legs connect the seat pan to the base . each folding leg pivots at the base , the seat pan and a center pivot . the seat pan is at a maximum height relative to the base with the four folding legs fully extended . the seat pan is at a minimum height relative to the base with the four folding legs fully folded . a releasable locking mechanism secures each of the folding legs in a fully extended condition . one or more crossbars may connect opposing sleeve locks , aiding in locking , unlocking , folding or extending the pair of legs between which each crossbar extends . the seat pan may have a seatback . | 0 |
hydraulic steering device for outboard motors having an end for fastening to transoms of watercrafts . the motor / propeller assembly is mounted on the end to rotate about a substantially vertical steering axis . a closed hydraulic circuit has at least one pump driven by steering unit and at least one double - acting cylinder which is slideably fitted on at least one coaxial rod . the rod sealingly projects out of a cylinder head and carries a separating piston which divides the cylinder into two variable volume chambers . at least one of the inlets / outlets of at least one of the two chambers is formed by the at least one rod . the rod has an axial hole extending from its outer end to one or more ports for communication with corresponding chambers of the cylinder . the ports are arranged to be adjacent to the piston side turned toward the cylinder head from where the rod projects . | 1 |
the method is characterized by the management of traffic and resources in the source node by means of ordered sets of cells , with dynamically adjustable qualities of service and different configurations of insertion and extraction of cells for the distribution of resources . it permits different qualities of service for each destination node of the information sent by any source node to be guaranteed and the requisites of maximum permitted latencies of different communication applications to be complied with , being able to combine different types of service . | 7 |
Content 1. frame_opt.py contains Python realization of basic functions for frame optimization. 2. example.ipynb is a Python notebook containing an example of frame optimizations. 3. data_clifford.json contanins results of an exhaustive search optimization for the 2-qubit Clifford+T block, discussed in the paper. 4. data_variational.json contains results of an exhaustive search optimization for the variational circuit, discussed in the paper. Comment of .json files "Opt_x" contains 4 x M matrices of found frames. Each column is a set of coefficients for renormalized Pauli matrices: [[ 1, 0], [ 0, 1]] / sqrt(2); [[ 0, 1], [ 1, 0]] / sqrt(2); [[ 0, -1j], [ 1j, 0 ]] / sqrt(2); [[ 1, 0], [ 0,-1]] / sqrt(2). | 9 |
decimation of data from a fixed length queue retaining a representative sample of the old data . exponential decimation removes every nth sample . dithered exponential decimation offsets the exponential decimation approach by a probabilistic amount . recursive decimation selects a portion of the queue and removes elements . | 6 |
fast frame recorder apparatus is known wherein information corresponding to an object of interest is recorded at a fast frame rate and displayed at a slower frame rate to produce a slow motion replay of the object . in accordance with the present disclosure , such apparatus is so modified that information corresponding to the object of interest is sampled a plurality of times for each recorded frame to provide an increased frame rate with respect to the object of interest . | 7 |
an inner air seal carrier for use in a gas turbine engine having an inlet guide vane surge retainer comprises a body , a stationary sealing element and an outcropping . the body secures around an inlet guide vane inner diameter shroud . the stationary sealing element is disposed on a radially inward face of the body for engaging with a rotatable sealing element of a compressor rotor . the outcropping is positioned on the radially inward face of the body forward of the stationary sealing element for engaging with the surge retainer . | 5 |
a container can be configured as either a bottle or a drinking vessel . the bottle has a base which is detachable . a drinking vessel is formed by removing the base from the hollow body of the bottle , inverting the hollow body of the bottle , and reattaching the top of the bottle to the base . in the bottle configuration , a locking band connects the base of the bottle to the hollow body of the bottle . the locking band also acts as a tamper - evident seal . | 8 |
The distribution of the N/O element abundance ratios calculated by the detailed modelling of different galaxy spectra at z < 4 is investigated. Supernova (SN) and long gamma-ray-burst (LGRB) host galaxies cover different redshift domains. N/O ratios in SN hosts increase due to secondary N production towards low z (0.01) accompanying the growing trend of active galaxies [active galactic nucleus (AGN), low-ionization nuclear emission-line region (LINER)]. N/O ratios in LGRB hosts decrease rapidly between z > 1 and z ∼ 0.1 following the N/H trend and reach the characteristic N/O ratios calculated for the H II regions in local and nearby galaxies. The few short-period gamma-ray-burst (SGRB) hosts included in the galaxy sample show N/H ≤ 0.04 solar and O/H solar. They seem to continue the low bound N/H trend of SN hosts at z < 0.3. The distribution of N/O as a function of metallicity for SN and LGRB hosts is compared with star chemical evolution models. The results show that several LGRB hosts can be explained by star multibursting models when 12+log(O/H) < 8.5, while some objects follow the trend of continuous star formation models. N/O in SN hosts at log(O/H)+12 < 8.5 are not well explained by stellar chemical evolution models calculated for starburst galaxies. At 12+log(O/H) > 8.5 many different objects are nested close to O/H solar with N/O ranging between the maximum corresponding to starburst galaxies and AGN and the minimum corresponding to H II regions and SGRB. | 9 |
a disposable , bone graft harvester having a clear , graduated plastic tube tipped with a bone cutting head at one end and a handle or other torque supplying connection at the other end . | 0 |
a video signal processing apparatus which can process video signals with different formats simply by switching between programs for processing video signals . different system clock signals are sent to the input and output processes by employing a programmable signal processor 4 , input synchronizing signal processor 8 , programmable signal processor 6 and output synchronizing pulse processor 9 . a method for processing the video signal can be flexibly changed simply by switching between signal processing programs for programmable signal processors . in addition , the use of a memory 5 enables the signal , which is processed using the system clock signal in the input process , to be processed using the system clock signal in the output process . the present invention thus allows the processing of video signals with many different signal formats . the design of efficient circuitry will greatly reduce costs and production processes . | 7 |
this invention relates to a method of adding a number of search terms that express syntax and semantics for an enterprise of related users to a document in a document interchange architecture library . the enterprise related search terms are combined with specially architected dia search terms and are made available to mechanisms used to search for documents in a shared library . the enterprise related search terms are first identified and placed in enterprise sub - profiles accessible to index build mechanisms . associated search terms tables are created and made available to the index build mechanisms . search indexes are created containing the enterprise unique search terms along with the dia architected terms . the search indexes are then stored with the related documents in the document interchange architecture library and made available to search mechanisms for locating the document in the shared library . | 8 |
solutions and preparation methods necessary for the fabrication of metal oxide cross - linked polysiloxane coating films are disclosed . the films are useful in provide heat resistance against oxidation , wear resistance , thermal insulation , and corrosion resistance of substrates . the sol - gel precursor solution comprises a mixture of a monomeric organoalkoxysilane , a metal alkoxide m n , methanol , water , hcl and naoh . the invention provides a sol - gel solution , and a method of use thereof , which can be applied and processed at low temperatures . the substrate can be coated by immersing it in the above mentioned solution at ambient temperature . the substrate is then withdrawn from the solution . next , the coated substrate is heated for a time sufficient and at a temperature sufficient to yield a solid coating . the coated substrate is then heated for a time sufficient , and temperature sufficient to produce a polymetallicsiloxane coating . | 2 |
the present invention includes a adaptable high - performance node with several features that enable it to provide high performance along with adaptability . a preferred embodiment of the rxn includes a run - time configurable data path and control path . the rxn supports multi - precision arithmetic including 8 , 16 , 24 , and 32 bit codes . data flow can be reconfigured to minimize register accesses for different operations . for example , multiply - accumulate operations can be performed with minimal , or no , register stores by reconfiguration of the data path . predetermined kernels can be configured during a setup phase so that the rxn can efficiently execute , e . g ., discrete cosine transform , fast - fourier transform and other operations . other features are provided . | 6 |
a display method for a vehicle includes the following steps : determining a vehicle position , retrieving vehicle surroundings data from a database corresponding to the determined vehicle position , detecting the vehicle surroundings , and displaying a vehicle surroundings view based on the retrieved vehicle surroundings data and the detected vehicle surroundings . | 6 |
a method and apparatus for measuring an absolute profile of a flat using an interferometer system that includes an interferometer adapted to support two flats , a detection system , and a computer adapted to compute the opd between surface of the two flats , wherein a first flat a ! having a first surface and a second flat b ! having a second surface are supported in the interferometer , with the second surface facing the first surface . the interferometer system measures the opds between the first and second surfaces for each pixel . the first flat a ! then is rotated by a number of predetermined angles relative to its initial position and each time the opds are measured . the first flat a ! is rotated to its initial position or 180 ° therefrom . a third flat c ! having a third surface is substituted for the second flat . the opds between the first and third surfaces are measured . the first flat a ! is replaced by the second flat , with the second surface facing the third in an orientation mirror imaged to its original orientation . the interferometer system is operated to measure the opds . the computer solves first , second , and third equations to obtain the entire surface topographies of the first , second , and third surface , wherein each equation is expressed as a sum of even -- even , even - odd , odd - even , and odd -- odd parts so as to effectuate cancellation of terms , permitting solving of the equations for the surface topography . | 6 |
a surgical instrument has a gas - delivery device to supply a noble gas or other inert gas to a tissue - treatment region and a rinsing device for rinsing a target region , in particular a tissue - treatment region . in the instrument the rinsing pressure is generated by the inert gas supplied by the gas - delivery device . | 0 |
apparatus for generating ions in a gaseous medium , the apparatus including two electrodes separated by a dielectric material and a means for generating radio frequency pulses . the electrodes are of dissimilar size and are attached to opposite sides of the dielectric material . the smaller electrode shape and circumference is configured to control the quantity of plasma that is produced . method of generating ions in a gaseous medium having the step of applying a radio frequency voltage between two electrodes separated by a dielectric material so as to generate a plasma ion source . locating the plasma ion source in a confined area to yield no 3 - ions . locating the plasma ion source in an open configuration to yield predominantly co 3 - ions with minor amounts of o 2 - and o 3 - ions . | 7 |
a centrifugal wheel apparatus for a vehicle having a plurality of pivoting elements attachable to an interior of a vehicle wheel that , when subjected to centripetal force , pivot away from the vehicle wheel and toward a pneumatic tire attached to the vehicle wheel to reshape the pneumatic tire into a dome thereby decreasing surface contact between the vehicle and a surface so that the vehicle may travel with less resistance and increased economy . | 1 |
data management information includes : recording time zone information at a time of recording data , indicating a time difference between the world standard time and a standard time in a location where the data of the group data for managing the data management information ; first data recording time information indicating a recording time of data first recorded on the data group ; and second data recording time information indicating a recording time of data last recorded on the data group , and wherein the reproduction apparatus further includes a unit for specifying respective local recording times in locations where the first recorded data and the last recorded data has been recorded , respectively , while the data is reproduced , in accordance with the first and second data recording time information , the time zone information , and the recording time zone information at the data recording time . | 6 |
We present the implications for cosmic inflation of the Planck measurements of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) anisotropies in both temperature and polarization based on the full Planck survey, which includes more than twice the integration time of the nominal survey used for the 2013 release papers. The Planck full mission temperature data and a first release of polarization data on large angular scales measure the spectral index of curvature perturbations to be n<SUB>s</SUB> = 0.968 ± 0.006 and tightly constrain its scale dependence to dn<SUB>s</SUB>/ dlnk = -0.003 ± 0.007 when combined with the Planck lensing likelihood. When the Planck high-ℓ polarization data are included, the results are consistent and uncertainties are further reduced. The upper bound on the tensor-to-scalar ratio is r<SUB>0.002</SUB>< 0.11 (95% CL). This upper limit is consistent with the B-mode polarization constraint r< 0.12 (95% CL) obtained from a joint analysis of the BICEP2/Keck Array and Planck data. These results imply that V(φ) ∝ φ<SUP>2</SUP> and natural inflation are now disfavoured compared to models predicting a smaller tensor-to-scalar ratio, such as R<SUP>2</SUP> inflation. We search for several physically motivated deviations from a simple power-law spectrum of curvature perturbations, including those motivated by a reconstruction of the inflaton potential not relying on the slow-roll approximation. We find that such models are not preferred, either according to a Bayesian model comparison or according to a frequentist simulation-based analysis. Three independent methods reconstructing the primordial power spectrum consistently recover a featureless and smooth P<SUB>R</SUB>(k) over the range of scales 0.008 Mpc<SUP>-1</SUP> ≲ k ≲ 0.1 Mpc<SUP>-1</SUP>. At large scales, each method finds deviations from a power law, connected to a deficit at multipoles ℓ ≈ 20-40 in the temperature power spectrum, but at an uncompelling statistical significance owing to the large cosmic variance present at these multipoles. By combining power spectrum and non-Gaussianity bounds, we constrain models with generalized Lagrangians, including Galileon models and axion monodromy models. The Planck data are consistent with adiabatic primordial perturbations, and the estimated values for the parameters of the base Λ cold dark matter (ΛCDM) model are not significantly altered when more general initial conditions are admitted. In correlated mixed adiabatic and isocurvature models, the 95% CL upper bound for the non-adiabatic contribution to the observed CMB temperature variance is | α<SUB>non - adi</SUB> | < 1.9%, 4.0%, and 2.9% for CDM, neutrino density, and neutrino velocity isocurvature modes, respectively. We have tested inflationary models producing an anisotropic modulation of the primordial curvature power spectrum findingthat the dipolar modulation in the CMB temperature field induced by a CDM isocurvature perturbation is not preferred at a statistically significant level. We also establish tight constraints on a possible quadrupolar modulation of the curvature perturbation. These results are consistent with the Planck 2013 analysis based on the nominal mission data and further constrain slow-roll single-field inflationary models, as expected from the increased precision of Planck data using the full set of observations. | 9 |
an orthodontic arch expander joins to a mouthpiece proximate to the rear of the mouthpiece . the transparent mouthpiece has a desired arc that fits over the teeth of the upper jaw . the mouthpiece has two wings that join near the incisors and then become parallel and spaced apart around the molars . near the molars , an arch expander joins to the mouth piece . the arch expander has two telescoping shells with a threaded jack and cooperating springs . each shell joins to a corresponding wing of the mouthpiece . turning the jack lengthens a rod that pushes the shells outwards against the mouthpiece thus widening the maxillary arch without brackets or bands upon the teeth . an alternate embodiment has the arch expander attaching directly to the palatal bone through screws placed through a grommet at the end of each shell by an orthodontist or oral surgeon . | 0 |
The MORLAB, Model Order Reduction LABoratory, toolbox is a collection of MATLAB/Octave routines for model order reduction of dynamical systems based on the solution of matrix equations. The implementation is based on spectral projection methods, e.g., methods based on the matrix sign function and the matrix disk function. | 9 |
We present a detailed characterization of the extremely dusty main-sequence star TYC 8830 410 1. This system hosts inner planetary system dust (T <SUB>dust</SUB> ≈ 300 K) with a fractional infrared luminosity of ~1%. Mid-infrared spectroscopy reveals a strong, mildly crystalline solid-state emission feature. TYC 8830 410 1 (spectral type G9 V) has a 49.5″ separation M4-type companion comoving and co-distant with it, and we estimate a system age of ~600 Myr. TYC 8830 410 1 also experiences "dipper"-like dimming events as detected by the All-Sky Automated Survey for Supernovae, Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite, and characterized in more detail with the Las Cumbres Observatory Global Telescope. These recurring eclipses suggest at least one roughly star-sized cloud of dust orbits the star in addition to assorted smaller dust structures. The extreme properties of the material orbiting TYC 8830 410 1 point to dramatic dust-production mechanisms that likely included something similar to the giant impact event thought to have formed the Earth-Moon system, although hundreds of millions of years after such processes are thought to have concluded in the solar system. TYC 8830 410 1 holds promise to deliver significant advances in our understanding of the origin, structure, and evolution of extremely dusty inner planetary systems. | 9 |
a demultiplexing apparatus for wavelength division multiplexed optical communications makes use of an interleaver to separate alternating wavelengths into separate wavelength groups . these separate wavelength groups may then be demultiplexed using conventional demultiplexers . an optical coupler such as an optical circulator or a curved grating is used to direct the reflected wavelengths to a separate output path . the interleaver preferably has a square wave reflectivity response in the wavelength domain , and reflects every other wavelength to a separate output path than those wavelengths that are transmitted past the interleaver . the interleaver may be a diffraction grating that may be apodized or chirped . the grating may also be a sampled grating structure . alternatively , the interleaver may be a planar waveguide that has a periodic change in the refractive index conditions of a section of the waveguide . | 6 |
a fabric for use in safety apparel and items of apparel formed substantially from modacrylic yarns and a cationic dye applied to the fabric so that the dyed fabric meets both the american national standards institute guidelines for high - visibility safety apparel and the guidelines of the american society for testing and materials for flame resistant textiles . | 8 |
a device divides a sampled sound signal into a high frequency signal and a low frequency signal , individually encodes the high frequency signal and the low frequency signal , and generates error detection code pertinent to the high frequency adpcm data and the low frequency adpcm data . the device replaces data pertinent to some of a plurality of bits which configure the low frequency adpcm data with the error detection code and transmits them . a receiver side receives the high frequency adpcm data and the low frequency adpcm data , and individually processes the high frequency adpcm data and the low frequency adpcm data in accordance with a value of the error detection code . | 7 |
a setting tool is provided for positioning in a subterranean wellbore . the tool carries a pre - charged , pressurized chamber , preferably filled with inert gas . a force - balanced piston assembly , with the piston chamber initially at atmospheric pressure , is in selective fluid communication with the pressurized chamber . a release mechanism , rupture disc , or valve is selectively operable to open the pressurized chamber and allow fluid flow to the piston chamber . the pressurized gas drives the piston which , in turn , drives a power rod for setting a downhole tool . preferably a flow restrictor is incorporated in the gas flow path to meter the fluid and control the setting speed . in a preferred embodiment , the pressurized chamber is opened by rupturing a disc . a pyrotechnic device , which qualifies as a non - explosive device and is triggered by a low - powered battery , drives a piercing member into and through the rupture disc . | 4 |
the specification discloses a hanger assembly for suspending potted plants or similar ornamentation from chain - link , lattice , or similar type fencing . the device includes an object support member , attached by means of an integral tooth to a u - shaped support rod , the free ends of which are bent to form fence - engaging hooks . | 0 |
a switched reluctance drive is controlled without using a physical rotor position detector . the control method estimates the standing flux - linkage associated with the phase and uses this estimate to improve its estimate of rotor position . the method works robustly regardless of whether the current is continuous or discontinuous . | 7 |
the present invention relates to a new method of making the dimethacrylate ester of alkoxylated bisphenol - a via transesterification with methyl methacrylate . this transesterification reaction proceeds at low temperatures and is driven by the removal of methanol as a methanol / saturated hydrocarbon azeotrope . the lower temperature reaction advantageously inhibits polyerization of the feed ester . the reaction is catalyzed by potassium based catalysts . | 2 |
a flexible printed circuit comprising a substrate , a plurality of function lines , and a plurality of first dummy lines . the substrate comprises at least two periphery areas and an intermediate area . each periphery area comprises a first layout region , a second layout region and a first rough region disposed between the first and second layout regions . the intermediate area is disposed between the periphery areas . the function lines are disposed on the substrate and within the intermediate area . the first dummy lines are disposed on the substrate and within the first or second layout area . | 6 |
the invention relates to a method for returning a rental including receiving a communication about a rental from a client operated by a renter . the method further includes the steps of determining the source of the rental , or rental store , obtaining the rental , and delivering the rental to the source . | 6 |
a luminaire assembly has a housing including a number of circumferential slots in which the handles of shutter blades are arranged to be slidable . the edges of adjacent slots are radially overlapped around the circumference of the luminaire housing so that each handle may be manipulated over an angular range approaching or exceeding 360 / n , where n is the number of slots and / or shutter blades . | 5 |
a heat resistant pipe is formed from a composition comprising polyphenylene ether resin and polystyrene resin . pipes made from this composition possess superior thermal and pressure resistance . their impact resistance and thermal expansion characteristics permit them to be utilized advantageously in all environments and during all seasons with little risk of failure . | 2 |
a method and implants provide for relieving pressure from a region of the brainstem within the cranium of a subject with a neuroendocrine servomechanism . the pressure results from the compression of the region by a blood vessel . the method includes gaining access to the region using a first surgical technique ; exposing the region according to a second surgical technique ; lifting the blood vessel from the region according to a third surgical technique , thereby providing the pressure relief ; and inserting a neurovascular bridge implant between the blood vessel and the region to maintain the pressure relief . the neuroendocrine servomechanism is responsive to the pressure relief on the region , causing amelioration of a disease . one neuroendocrine servomechanism can include the pancreas of the subject , and the pressure relief ameliorates non - insulin - dependent diabetes mellitus . the neurovascular bridge implant can be a preconfigured shredded plastic implant , made of polytetrafluoroethylene , or a preconfigured thermoplastic implant , made of a polyurethane - based material having a glass - transition temperature of between 20 ° c . to 60 ° c . and a transition band of about 8 ° c . | 0 |
a gearing unit of a motor vehicle actuator , in particular an electric parking brake , includes a gearing housing in which a driven first shaft and a driving second shaft having fixed rotational axes are located . a first toothed wheel is mounted on the first shaft and a second toothed wheel is mounted on the second shaft . the first toothed wheel and the second toothed wheel engage with one another through a third toothed wheel . the housing for the third toothed wheel has at least two spatially offset bearing points in order to adjust a transmission ratio between the first shaft and the second shaft . an electric parking brake having a gearing unit is also provided . | 8 |
a self - excited brushless alternator having a rotating field winding excited by an alternating current exciter whose rotating armature rotates with the rotating field winding and is permanently connected to the field winding via a field rectifier also mounted to rotate with the field winding . the exciter has an exciter stator primary winding and a rotary exciter secondary winding connected via a rotray field rectifier to the rotary main field winding of the alternator . the primary excitation for the exciter is derived , via magnetic coupling , from a rotary auxiliary magnetic field produced by a feedback winding in series with the main field winding and rotating herewith . a common magnetic circuit couples the rotary feedback winding with an auxiliary stator secondary winding and the exciter primary and secondary windings . the common magnetic circuit has a common stator core having the exciter primary winding and the auxiliary secondary winding thereon and a common rotor core having the exciter secondary winding and the feedback winding thereon . in operation a pole group having either k or nk feedback or exciter pole pairs is formed with poles uniformly disposed around the rotor or stator core , the ratio of feedback pole pairs to exciter pole pairs being either k to nk or nk to k , where k is any number and n is an even number . either the feedback winding or the exciter primary winding , forming the pole group having k pole pairs have one or more first winding portions wounds for generating the poles of that group whereby the net change or magnetic flux linking with each first winding portion and due to the pole group having nk pole pairs is substantially zero . | 7 |
a kit for the customization of an electronic candle , which kit includes an electronic candle assembly comprising an illumination element and means for illuminating the illumination element for providing a simulated illuminated wax candle effect , a first sleeve having a translucent portion and first customizing indicia , a second sleeve having a translucent portion and second customizing indicia , a second indicia being visually distinguishable from the first indicia , the assembly and each sleeve has cooperable constructions for selective assembly of each sleeve to the electronic candle assembly for customizing the alternative electronic candle . | 5 |
In contrast with the fast solar wind, which originates in coronal holes, the source of the slow solar wind is still debated. Often intermittent and enriched with low first ionization potential elements—akin to what is observed in closed coronal loops—the slow wind could form in bursty events nearby helmet streamers. Slow winds also exhibit density perturbations that have been shown to be periodic and could be associated with flux ropes ejected from the tip of helmet streamers, as shown recently by the WISPR white-light imager on board Parker Solar Probe (PSP). In this work, we propose that the main mechanism controlling the release of flux ropes is a flow-modified tearing mode at the heliospheric current sheet (HCS). We use magnetohydrodynamic simulations of the solar wind and corona to reproduce realistic configurations and outflows surrounding the HCS. We find that this process is able to explain long (∼10-20 hr) and short (∼1-2 hr) timescales of density structures observed in the slow solar wind. This study also sheds new light on the structure, topology, and composition of the slow solar wind, and could be, in the near future, compared with white light and in situ PSP observations. | 9 |
a water / steam system for a combined cycle power plant and related method for operating said system are provided . the system comprises a heat recovery steam generator providing a flue gas stream path for extracting heat from a flue gas stream exhausted from a gas turbine , the heat recovery steam generator having a low pressure section including a low pressure evaporator arranged along the flue gas stream path for generating low pressure steam at a low pressure input level for a main input of a low pressure steam turbine . to use heat a low temperatures , embodiments of the system provide that in the low pressure section , additional sub low pressure steam , at a sub low pressure level below the low pressure level , is generated by a sub low pressure evaporator in the flue gas stream path . | 8 |
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.