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an annular seal for use between coupled combustor components includes a segmented annular solid edge portion and a plurality of alternating spring fingers and slots extending from the solid edge portion and arranged about a circumference of the solid edge portion , wherein one or more of the plurality of spring fingers or one or more of the plurality of straight and angled slots have non - uniform width dimensions . | 5 |
a financial institution can provide financial services to a plurality of remote devices , such as personal computers , personal data assistants , screen phones , automatic teller machines , external service providers , and internally to staff terminals and individual branches . by separating the components of the system into independent components , the system and method can be developed and tested on a component level rather than the entire system level , thereby reducing the development and maintenance cycle time . the system and method operate in sessions and can employ a dialog component for gathering information from a customer , a rule broker component for providing answers to the various legal and regulatory rules in a particular country , a language man component for selecting appropriate language , a transaction executor component for performing transactions , and a presentation manager component for formatting outputs to the customer . | 6 |
an apparatus and method are described for extracting useful work from pressure transients in a pneumatic tire to replace lost air from the tire . the apparatus and method operate continuously and without human intervention . when also used with a pressure relief valve , the apparatus and method permit the tires that are being driven to be maintained at a desired average pressure . | 1 |
a seal for a gas turbine engine component having an airfoil with a radial outward end and a radial inward end , one of which is bare metal . a seal member is adjacent to the bare metal end of the airfoil wherein the seal member is coated with a abrasive layer having a laser engraved surface with the top of the surface has less than about 5 % of the surface area of the base of the abrasive layer . | 5 |
a gate driver and a display device , which relate to the technical field of display , and are applicable to the design and manufacture of display devices . the gate driver comprises : a power - off voltage detection circuit and a power - off de - ghosting function circuit connected to the power - off voltage detection circuit , wherein the power - off voltage detection circuit is used for detecting a current voltage state , and outputting a control signal to the power - off de - ghosting function circuit according to the voltage state , so that the power - off de - ghosting function circuit outputs a signal to eliminate power - off ghosting according to the control signal . the gate driver integrates the power - off voltage detection circuit and the power - off de - ghosting function circuit ; the integration level is high , and the display device can eliminate the power - off ghosting without the need to match the selected type of the gate driver and a printed circuit board . | 6 |
an air vent that passes from the deck of a surfboard through to its bottom . the vent may have a wide variety of shapes . the trailing boundary of the vent &# 39 ; s lower portion is preferably inclined forward toward the surfboard &# 39 ; s nose . the inclination serves to prevent water flowing upward . instead , air is entrained by the water flowing across the vent &# 39 ; s bottom exit and pulled downward . a portion of the entrained air flows rearward out of the bottom exit along the surfboard &# 39 ; s bottom . this entrained air forms an air film between the board &# 39 ; s bottom and the surrounding water , thereby reducing friction . | 8 |
a digital display apparatus monitors changes in a measurement value , e . g ., voltage or fuel load , and in response , controls the rate at which the display is updated , to prevent flicker . when changes in the measurement value are small in amplitude or resemble noise pulses , the response time of the display is slowed . however , when the changes in the measurement values are large in amplitude or appear to be noise - free , response time is quickened so that a correct value is rapidly displayed . | 6 |
We present a high-angular-resolution multi-wavelength study of the massive globular cluster NGC 1835 in the Large Magellanic Cloud. Thanks to a combination of optical and near-ultraviolet images acquired with the WFC3 on board the HST, we performed a detailed inspection of the stellar population in this stellar system, adopting a `UV-guided search' to optimize the detection of relatively hot stars. This allowed us to discover a remarkably extended horizontal branch (HB): it spans more than 4.5 mag in both the optical and the near-ultraviolet bands, and its colour (temperature) ranges from the region redder than the instability strip up to effective temperatures of 30 000 K. This is the first time that such a feature has been detected in an extragalactic cluster, demonstrating that the physical conditions responsible for the formation of extended HBs are ubiquitous. The HB of NGC 1835 includes a remarkably large population of RR Lyrae (67 confirmed variables and 52 new candidates). The acquired dataset was also used to redetermine the cluster distance modulus, reddening, and absolute age: (m − M)<SUB>0</SUB> = 18.58, E(B − V) = 0.08, and t = 12.5 Gyr. <P />Based on observations carried out with the NASA/ESA HST, obtained under programme GO 16361 (PI: Ferraro). The Space Telescope Science Institute is operated by AURA, Inc., under NASA contract NAS5-26555. | 9 |
in a door handle assembly : the number of parts of a handle holding mechanism for holding a handle in its retracted , its projected and its swung position is reduced to the lowest possible one to accomplish its cost reduction , its downsizing and its improvement in handle holding power ; a leaf spring constructed of a pair of its elements stacked together is non - rotatably mounted on a boss of a main pin having a concave portion in its front surface ; the handle with an engaging projection is brought into abutting contact with the leaf spring ; in its folded position , the handle has its top portion oppositely disposed from its grip portion with respect to a reference line extending perpendicular to a door surface ; in its projected position , the handle has the top portion move across the line ; a front element of the spring has a pair of upwardly protruding portions be engageable with and disengageable from engaging grooves of a first and a second oblique surfaces of the engaging projection . | 8 |
a universal - voltage discrete input circuit uses a high voltage depletion - mode field effect transistor in combination with a low - voltage , adjustable precision shunt regulator and an isolation circuit for interfacing a low voltage digital logic circuit to a switched external voltage ranging from about 7 volts to about 1000 volts ac or +/− dc , at a low fixed current . in addition to the wide input voltage range accepted at a uniform low current value , very high voltage isolation is provided between the external voltage and the low voltage digital logic circuit , and elimination of ground loops and common mode noise . | 6 |
A few updates for the nearly published paper. | 9 |
a method for producing a semiconductor device including the steps of forming an insulating layer on a semiconductor substrate ; forming a first layer of an electrode material on the insulating layer ; introducing impurities into the semiconductor substrate through the first layer of the electrode material and the insulating layer by using an ion implanting process ; forming a second layer of an electrode material on the first layer thereof ; and forming on the impurity region an electrode pattern consisting of the first and the second layer of the electrode material and having the insulating layer below it by selectively etching the second and the first layer of the electrode material . | 8 |
a remote control device for operation by means of radiation comprising a receiver for the radiation including means for transforming the radiation into an electric signal and rectification means for rectifying the electric signal . | 7 |
a multiple repetitive resonant railgun power supply provides energy for repetitively propelling projectiles from a pair of parallel rails . a plurality of serially connected paired parallel rails are powered by similar power supplies . each supply comprises an energy storage capacitor , a storage inductor to form a resonant circuit with the energy storage capacitor and a magnetic switch to transfer energy between the resonant circuit and the pair of parallel rails for the propelling of projectiles . the multiple serial operation permits relatively small energy components to deliver overall relatively large amounts of energy to the projectiles being propelled . | 5 |
We measured the angular diameters of 44 stars with the Navy Precision Optical Interferometer, obtaining uncertainties on the limb-darkened diameter of 2% or less for all but four stars. We then used our diameters with Gaia or Hipparcos parallaxes to calculate each star's physical radius. We gathered information from the literature to determine bolometric flux and luminosity, and combined that with our diameters to produce an effective temperature. Our sample consists of mostly giant stars, and spans a wide range of spectral classes from B to M. | 9 |
the invention relates to thermoplastic polymer compositions in the form of masterbatches , comprising a matrix of an olefinic copolymer obtained from olefinic monomers and at least one alkylacrylate monomer , in which exfoliable organophilefilelrs of the lamellar type are dispersed , such as silicates , characterized in that after complete dispersion , the fillers are of nanometer scale with a content of at least 20 % by weight with relation to the composition . the invention is further of application for the production of polymeric materials particularly of the polyethylene type , with fillers , the thermomechanical and barrier properties of which are improved . | 2 |
a pair of cylinder lenses have a combined power of zero when their cylinder axes are parallel and a small cross cylinder power when one lens is rotated until its axis is perpendicular to the cylinder axis of the other lens . cross - cylinder lenses are used to determine the accuracy of the cylinder power and cylinder axis selected by the practitioner . by mounting one cylinder lens in a motor - driven ring - like lens mount having a member which engages another ring - like lens mount , a single motor can be used to drive both lenses ; select between parallel cylinder axes and crossed cylinder axes ; and rotate the crossed axis lenses as an assembly to the desired position . | 0 |
orthogonality in cyclic shift and orthogonal cover code selection for dmrs in mimo is improved by new n dmrs to n dmrs mapping patterns . values in the mapping tables are arranged in sets , with minimum cs separation between the values in each set . additionally , the semi - static n dmrs is independently configurable for each ul component carrier in the case of cross - cc scheduling in carrier aggregation , and the phich allocation formula that defines the allocation of the phich process relative to the k th codeword on the c th ul cc is a function of both the cs index n dmrs , k , c that is dynamically assigned to a certain layer of the considered cw and the semi - static cs offset n dmrs , c for the c th cc . | 7 |
a method of improving readability in an optical drive is disclosed . in one aspect , the present disclosure teaches a method of improving readability in an optical drive including monitoring a compact disc media for tracking errors using a differential push - pull method during an input / output operation in an optical drive . the method further includes determining whether the first a tracking error is above a predetermined error threshold , or if a read error has occurred . the occurrence of a read error or tracking error , the method further includes switching from the dpp method to a three - beam tracking method based on the determination . | 6 |
a water massage apparatus is provided for use in a spa which is provided with at least one inlet port through which is flowed an aerated jet of water under pressure . the conventionally provided casing or annular locking ring used to couple a conventional water jet device , is replaced with a hollow bushing which couples an aspirating adapter to a recessed receptacle in the interior wall of the spa . the adapter is connected to a head by a flexible plastic hose , the head being provided with apertures through which aerated water is flowed . the head is provided with a pendant finger which provides a valve means for selectively placing the apertures in the head in open flow communication with the jet of water exiting the receptacle in the spa &# 39 ; s wall . | 0 |
a number of user interface techniques for virtual instruments implemented using a computer are disclosed . these techniques include providing a multi - sized user interface , separating a user interface into two control regions , providing a pop - out control panel , providing a graphical playlist indicator , inter - relating band controls , controlling button illumination , sliding information onto and off of a display panel , integrating visualizations into an instrument , and providing a pop - out control panel with control buttons . | 6 |
a metallic barrier and a method for separating fuel and oxidant gases are disclosed for use in high temperature systems such as solid oxide fuel cells or cell stacks . the metallic barrier can be formed as a metallic bipolar separator plate or a seal , without requiring the use of chromium alloys or noble metals . controlled diffusion of fuel gas through the metallic barrier limits the thickness of an adherent electronically insulating oxide layer on an opposing surface in contact with oxidant gas . this stabilized oxide layer may be penetrated by refractory conductive particles such as doped lanthanum chromite to provide multiple electronically conductive paths through the oxide layer and the metallic barrier . | 7 |
the present invention provides nucleic acid and amino acid sequences useful as the immunogenic portion of vaccines or immunogenic compositions effective for lessening the severity of the clinical symptoms associated with lawsonia intracellularis infection or conferring protective immunity to an animal susceptible to such infection . preferred amino acid sequences include at least 9 contiguous amino acids from seq id nos 1 , 3 , or 7 . thus , the nucleic acid sequences encoding such proteins , or the proteins themselves are included in vaccine compositions , together with veterinary - acceptable carrier and administered to an animal in need thereof . | 0 |
novel superconductive oxides are disclosed . the oxides all have layered perovskite - like crystal structure and manifest superconductivity above about 77k . an exemplary material has composition bi 2 . 2 sr 2 ca 0 . 8 cu 2 o 8 . other materials are described by the nominal formula x 2 + x m n - x cu n - 1 o 2 + 2n + x / 2 ± δ , where x typically is bi , or bi together with pb or other appropriate substituent , m is one or more divalent ion or mixture of monovalent and trivalent ion , n is an integer greater than 3 , x = p / q , where p and q are integers and p & lt ; q , and δ is less than 0 . 5 . associated with the inventive compounds typically is a superlattice structure , with t c of the compound typically being correlated with the superlattice spacing . the inventive compounds are typically relatively ductile . | 8 |
a single or double cylinder circular knitting machine is adapted to effect renewal of a needle selection at one or more successive yarn feeds without requiring a respective pattern selection device therefor . the pattern jacks which have been selected , by a preceding pattern selection device , not to bring their respective needles to knit are moved radially inwards by a guiding cam , and are held separated from the other jacks even after the latter have brought their respective needles to knit . the cam may have a first movable part and a second fixed part . at one position of the movable part , the inoperative jacks are moved radially to the inside of the fixed part , and at the second position thereof , radially to the outside thereof , thereby they are restored to the selection position . this allows operation with a programmed selection even where the selection was formerly just reiterated . | 3 |
an auto - injector confines all functional components inside an enclosed housing , to keep its needle out - of - sight , at all times . within the housing , a needle holder positions a needle at a location . a drive mechanism then simultaneously engages the needle with a fluid source and accelerates it with a predetermined momentum for insertion into a patient . after fluid delivery , the withdrawn needle is moved to storage within the housing for subsequent disposal . | 0 |
audio is adaptively associated with speakers , depending on the speaker configuration that is present . each speaker it receives an audio assignment based on its individual spectral characteristics . as more speakers are added , content is adaptively associated with that you speaker , and taken away from the previous . | 7 |
the bearing of the present invention comprises a hub 110 for driving recording media ; a sleeve 120 for rotatably support the hub 110 to define a hydrodynamic pressure generating space 110 a between the hub 110 and the sleeve 120 , the sleeve 120 being formed with a fluid outlet 125 b through which the fluid passes at the predetermined position ; a plurality of recesses 125 a for generating hydrodynamic pressure , the recesses 125 being formed on at least one of the hub 110 and the sleeve 120 to be opened toward the hydrodynamic pressure generating space 110 a ; and a fluid circulating member 130 for circulating the fluid out - flowing from the fluid outlet 125 b to the hydrodynamic pressure generating space 110 a , the member 130 being fixedly combined with the hub 110 to slidably support the sleeve 120 . | 5 |
a medical connector for use with one or more medical implements . in some embodiments , the connector minimizes or eliminates the retrograde flow of fluid into the connector from one end or port upon the disconnection of a medical implement from the other end or port . in some embodiments , the connector generates a positive flow of fluid out of the connector from one end or port when a medical implement is disconnected from the other end or port . | 0 |
reduction or cancellation of acoustic noise is achieved by providing an amplified , oppositely phased version of the noise by means of an acousto - fluidic amplifier . the amplified acoustic output noise is delivered through an impedance matching horn in destructively interfering relation with the original noise . depending on the acoustic noise source and its spatial distribution , the acousto - fluidic amplifier may be a single stage amplifier or multiple stages connected in parallel and / or cascade , with output horns spatially distributed to have the maximum cancellation effect . sensed noise , prior to fluidic amplification , may be processed in a manner to effect feedback or feedforward control of the amplified acoustic output signals . | 6 |
a clothes dryer including a cabinet , a drum rotatably mounted in the cabinet , ductwork connected to the drum for circulating air , a heating element for providing heat to the drum , and a control system for operating the clothes dryer . the control system includes a warning indicator and a control module . the control module monitors and tracks usage of the clothes dryer . the warning indicator provides first and second warnings to a user based on the usage . the first warning indicates that factory authorized service is required to clean inside the cabinet of the clothes dryer , and the second warning indicates that the heating element has been disabled until the factory authorized service occurs . preferably , the control module is further operative to completely disable the clothes dryer based on the usage . | 3 |
a refrigerant condenser set so that a condensation distance l of the condenser falls between 400 + 1180 de and 700 + 1180 de where de is the equivalent diameter of the tubes forming the core . by setting the condensation distance l in this way , the heat exchange rate becomes higher and it is possible to determine the number of turns required for the distance l . | 8 |
a digital video recorder is disclosed . the digital video recorder includes at least one memory device , a plurality of communication access points for receiving at least one program play , an open application programming interface associated with the at least one memory device , and at least one correlation engine in communication with the open application programming interface . the plurality of applications correspondent to the open application programming interface allow a user to manipulate metadata associated with ones of the programs plays and the metadata relates to interframe interactivity with detailed aspects of the ones of the program plays . the at least one correlation engine provides for correlation among at least for the interframes of the program play to ones of the interframes of other ones of the program plays , and among the interframe interactivity to the interframes of the program play to interframe interactivity with the other ones of the interframes of the other ones of the program plays . | 7 |
The evolution of cosmic dust content and the cycle between metals and dust in the interstellar medium (ISM) play a fundamental role in galaxy evolution. The chemical enrichment of the Universe can be traced through the evolution of the dust-to-metal ratio (DTM) and the dust-to-gas ratio (DTG) with metallicity. The physical processes through which dust is created and eventually destroyed remain to be elucidated. We use a novel method to determine mass estimates of the DTM, DTG, and dust composition in terms of the fraction of dust mass contributed by element X (f<SUB>M<SUB>X</SUB></SUB>) based on our previous measurements of the depletion of metals in different environments (the Milky Way, the Magellanic Clouds, and damped Lyman-α absorbers (DLAs) towards quasars (QSOs) and towards gamma-ray bursts (GRBs)), which were calculated from the relative abundances of metals in the ISM through absorption-line spectroscopy column densities observed mainly from VLT/UVES and X-shooter, and HST/STIS. We also derive the dust extinction from the estimated dust depletion (A<SUB>V,depl</SUB>) for GRB-DLAs, the Magellanic Clouds, and the Milky Way, and compare it with the A<SUB>V</SUB> estimated from extinction (A<SUB>V,ext</SUB>). We find that the DTM and DTG ratios increase with metallicity and with the dust tracer [Zn/Fe]. This suggests that grain growth in the ISM is the dominant process of dust production, at least in the metallicity range (−2 ≤ [M/H]<SUB>tot</SUB> ≤ 0.5) and redshift range (0.6 < z < 6.3) that we are studying. The increasing trend in the DTM and DTG with metallicity is in good agreement with a dust production and evolution hydrodynamical model. Our data suggest that the stellar dust yield is much lower (about 1%) than the metal yield and thus that the overall amount of dust in the warm neutral medium that is produced by stars is much lower than previously estimated. The global neutral gas metallicity is decreasing over cosmic time and is traced similarly by quasar-DLAs and GRB-DLAs. We find that, overall, A<SUB>V,depl</SUB> is lower than A<SUB>V,ext</SUB> for the Milky Way and in a few lines of sight for the Magellanic Clouds, a discrepancy that is likely related to the presence of carbonaceous dust associated with dense clumps of cold neutral gas. For the other environments studied here, we find good agreement overall between the A<SUB>V,ext</SUB> and A<SUB>V,depl</SUB>. We show that the main elements (f<SUB>M<SUB>X</SUB></SUB> > 1%) that contribute to the dust composition, by mass, are O, Fe, Si, Mg, C, S, Ni, and Al for all the environments, with Si, Mg, and C being equivalent contributors. There are nevertheless variations in the dust composition depending on the overall amount of dust. The abundances measured at low dust regimes in quasar- and GRB-DLAs suggest the presence of pyroxene and metallic iron in dust. These results give important information on the dust and metal content of galaxies across cosmic times, from the Milky Way up to z = 6.3. | 9 |
a nail appliqué product for delivering nail additives to a fingernail . the appliqué has an adhesive layer that , in use , is in direct contact with a wearer &# 39 ; s fingernail . the adhesive layer contains additives such as vitamins , minerals and / or drugs that are delivered to a fingernail after the appliqué is affixed thereto . the appliqué is flexible and conformable to a fingernail and it continues to deliver additive for an extended period of time . | 0 |
a complex circuit board including a printed circuit board assembly and a flexible printed circuit for providing driving signals for light sources is disclosed . the pcba includes a supporting portion and a connecting portion . the light sources are disposed above the supporting portion . the connection portion contacts electrically with a contacting portion of the fpc . the contacting portion of the fpc has a fixing hole . the connecting portion of the pcba has a fixing portion . moreover , the fpc has two or more than two first bend portions on the contacting portion . the fixing portion of the pcba is inserted into the fixing hole of the fpc to complete the complex circuit board without extra attachment units . therefore , the assembly procedure is simplified to increase throughput and the cost is reduced . | 8 |
a network communications system is provided for allowing a group of computer users in a conference room or similar small work environment to access an ethernet local area network and to provide peer - to - peer group networking without connection to a backbone network . the system includes multiple client computer ports each including a removable spring loaded cable dispenser carrying an extendible / retractable category 5 lan cable terminated with an rj - 45 plug for connection to a client computer &# 39 ; s network adapter . combined power / ethernet lan cables connect the system to an enterprise network and to a source of electrical power , and permit cascading of up to three 8 - port systems . in use , a computer user pulls out the cable from one of the client ports and inserts the rj - 45 plug into the rj - 45 jack on the network adapter carried by the computer . after completion of the networking session , the user unplugs the cable which is automatically retracted by the spring loaded cable reel . a cable management system is thereby provided which eliminates the tangle or clutter of multiple cables encountered in existing systems . | 7 |
a method for assay of enzyme activity which comprises treating an amide compound of the formula ## str1 ## with peptidase ; treating thus - liberated amine of the formula ## str2 ## with an oxidase which consume oxygen and forms pigment by oxidative condensation of said amine with a coupler of the formula ## str3 ## and quantitatively measuring the detectable changes . also disclosed is an assay method which comprises treating an amide compound of the formula ## str4 ## or a salt thereof , with peptidase to liberate an aniline derivative of the formula ## str5 ## oxidizing said aniline derivative ; and quantitatively measuring detectable change . | 8 |
a method for producing a semiconductor device provided with a fuse including the steps of forming a fuse layer on an insulating layer formed on a semiconductor substrate , forming an interrupting layer covering the fuse layer and the insulating layer , forming an insulating protective layer covering the interrupting layer , selectively etching the protective layer , so as to form a window , with a suitable etchant which does not etch the interrupting layer , and etching the exposed interrupting layer to complete the window by which a portion of the the fuse layer and a portion of the insulating layer are exposed . the insulating layer is not removed so that the reliability of the semiconductor device will not deteriorate . | 7 |
the present invention includes methods and technologies for defining and administering device manners policy , propagating dmp , reception and recognition of , and compliance with dmp . such policy may be used to communicate to various mobile and other devices the “ manners ” with which compliance is expected or required . similar to some of the social manners honored among people , such as with “ no smoking ” or “ employees only ” zones , “ no swimming ” or “ no flash photography ” areas , and scenarios for “ please wash your hands ” or “ no talking out loud ”, devices may recognize and comply with analogous “ device manners ” policy . | 7 |
a tensioner comprising a base , a pivot arm pivotally engaged with the base , a torsion spring engaged between the base and the pivot arm for biasing the pivot arm , a first damping member and a second damping member disposed between the pivot arm and the base , the first damping member wedgingly engagable between the pivot arm and the second damping member , and the second damping member frictionally engaged between the first damping member and the base . | 5 |
in a photoplotting apparatus and method using a flash lamp to expose a line on a photosensitive surface , and wherein the photohead has a number of apertures of different size to vary the width of the generated line , the quality of line drawn with each aperture is controlled by controlling or setting for each aperture the factor by which the flash rate of the lamp is related to the speed of the photohead . a signal representing the speed of the photohead over the photosensitive surface is divided by a division factor uniquely associated with the selected aperture to produce a flash rate command signal controlling the flash rate of the flash lamp . taking into account the dividing factor associated with each aperture , the speed of the photohead is limited to one at which the flash lamp flashes at or slightly below its maximum flash rate , thereby producing maximum throughput for the apparatus . | 6 |
a nut is provided particularly for use with a sheet metal screw , which nut has a screw - receiving sleeve , with two or more roll - tapped threads having a flattened crest at the apex of the thread angles . an alternate embodiment contemplates providing a double thread on the sleeve inner surface of at least two full revolutions . | 8 |
a plastic closure including a bottom part and a lid that has an annular retaining bead in the bottom part . a disk having a support surface is held positively or non - positively in the bead . the disk includes one or more through - passages , which open into a chamber . a thixotropic fluid present in a flexible container reaches the chamber through the through - passages , where the fluid performs a directional change from axial to radial and after a second directional change from radial to axial flows out through the spout opening , wherein a constriction between the two directional changes accelerates the flow . | 1 |
a semiconductor integrated circuit capable of changing a product specification comprises a first circuit section having a first function , a second circuit section having a second function , and active signal generator means for producing an active signal for activating either the first circuit section or the second circuit section . to change the product specification , the integrated circuit further comprises means for receiving a decision signal , switching signal generator means , connected to said receiving means , for producing a switching signal for changing the product specification according to the decision signal , and switching means for receiving the active signal and the switching signal and for supplying the active signal to either the first circuit section or the second circuit section according to the switching signal . | 6 |
a game apparatus comprising a playing board having a grid of interconnected segments depicting a plurality of selectable movement paths . certain areas of the grid are differently colored . each player has a position marker for movement along the paths towards the colored areas . the position markers are adapted to hold a set of progress markers . these progress markers are also differently colored to correspond with the colored areas . upon arriving at a colored area , a player receives a correspondingly colored progress marker and places it on his / her position marker . a first chance device having movement direction indicia controls the direction of movement of the position marker . a second change device controls the magnitude of the movement . the game apparatus further comprises a third chance device bearing colors corresponding to the colors of the progress markers . according to the rules , players may capture opponent &# 39 ; s progress markers by utilizing the third chance device . | 0 |
a method and apparatus for providing patient - controlled medication delivery is presented . the apparatus includes a medication storage subsystem , an interval timer , a patient verification system coupled to the medication storage subsystem , and a delivery subsystem which delivers one of the prescribed amounts of medication if the interval timer has reached an end of a predetermined time interval and the patient verification system verifies an identity of the patient . the method for providing patient - controlled medication delivery includes verifying an identification of an intended patient and providing a first prescribed amount of a medication for the intended patient , wherein the intended patient determines a time to start taking the prescribed amount of the medication . the method further includes waiting a predetermined time interval , again verifying the identification of the intended patient and providing another prescribed amount of the medication for the intended patient . | 0 |
an efficient spin polarizer in nonmagnetic semiconductors is provided . previous spin injection devices suffered from very low efficiency into semiconductors . an efficient spin polarizer is provided which is based on ferromagnetic - semiconductor heterostructures and ensures spin polarization of electrons in nonmagnetic semiconductors close to 100 % near the ferromagnetic - semiconductor junctions at wide temperature intervals ranging from very low temperatures to room temperatures even in the case when spin polarization of electrons in the ferromagnetic layer is relatively low . | 7 |
there is disclosed the preparation and recovery of proteins , in particular of enzymes , by controlled proteolytic cleavage of pro - proteins , in particular pro - enzymes , in a single method step , wherein a pro - protein - containing solution is contacted with a protease and with a solid carrier which has a higher affinity to the protein than to the pro - protein or to the functionally inactive degradation products thereof , the pro - protein being proteolytically cleaved to said protein , and the protein being selectively separated by absorption on the solid carrier . | 2 |
a reliability extracting section extracts the reliability of positioning at a person &# 39 ; s position calculator on the basis of an image captured from an imaging section . a section that creates a possibly - existing area determines a possibly - existing area on the basis of the result of positioning obtained by the person &# 39 ; s position calculator and reliability obtained by the reliability extracting section . an entry determining section determines entering and / or leaving to / from a targeted monitored area on the basis of the overlapping of the possibly - existing area with the monitored area . | 6 |
a method for generating stimuli and test responses for testing faults in a scan - based integrated circuit in a selected scan - test mode or a selected self - test mode , the scan - based integrated circuit containing a plurality of scan chains , n clock domains , and c cross - clock domain blocks , each scan chain comprising multiple scan cells coupled in series , each clock domain having one capture clock , each cross - clock domain block comprising a combinational logic network . the method comprises compiling the scan - based integrated circuit into a sequential circuit model ; specifying input constraints on the scan - based integrated circuit during a shift and capture operation ; specifying a clock grouping to map the n clock domains into g clock domain groups , where n & gt ; g & gt ; 1 ; transforming the sequential circuit model into an equivalent combinational circuit model according to the input constraints and the clock grouping ; and generating the stimuli and test responses on the equivalent combinational circuit model according to the input constraints . | 6 |
a method and apparatus for reducing cross - talk in an oximeter . the oximeter includes a band pass filter . the amount of cross - talk through the band pass filter is estimated . based on this estimate , the corner frequencies of the band pass filter are adjusted when it is designed to minimize the cross - talk . in one embodiment , a calibration mode is performed when a sensor is attached to the oximeter . in the calibration mode , the signals are measured with first only the red led on and then with only the ir led on . any signal measured in the off channel is assumed to be a result of cross - talk from the other channel . the magnitude of the cross - talk is determined as a percentage , and subsequently the percentage is multiplied by the actual signal and subtracted from the other led signal as cross - talk compensation . | 0 |
this invention relates to a new type of decorative design and the method of producing said design . the process includes making an illustration of a picture or photograph , scanning said illustration while deleting part of the illustration , silk screening said scanned illustration with ultra - ink onto a substrate , and then cutting said substrate into a chosen article . the resulting article has a large part of the substrate without any ink on it , so as to give the design a three - dimensional look . | 1 |
a process for the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide wherein aqueous streams containing 1 to 500 , 000 ppm h 2 o 2 are contacted with a mn / cu catalyst component on a monolith carrier to eliminate the h 2 o 2 by decomposition to water and oxygen . | 2 |
Turbulence has the potential for creating gas density enhancements that initiate cloud and star formation (SF), and it can be generated locally by SF. To study the connection between turbulence and SF, we looked for relationships between SF traced by FUV images, and gas turbulence traced by kinetic energy density (KED) and velocity dispersion (v<SUB>disp</SUB>) in the LITTLE THINGS sample of nearby dIrr galaxies. We performed 2D cross-correlations between FUV and KED images, measured cross-correlations in annuli to produce correlation coefficients as a function of radius, and determined the cumulative distribution function of the cross-correlation value. We also plotted on a pixel-by-pixel basis the locally excess KED, v<SUB>disp</SUB>, and H I mass surface density, Σ<SUB>HI</SUB>, as determined from the respective values with the radial profiles subtracted, versus the excess SF rate density Σ<SUB>SFR</SUB>, for all regions with positive excess Σ<SUB>SFR</SUB>. We found that Σ<SUB>SFR</SUB> and KED are poorly correlated. The excess KED associated with SF implies a ∼0.5% efficiency for supernova energy to pump local H I turbulence on the scale of the resolution here, which is a factor of ∼2 too small for all of the turbulence on a galactic scale. The excess v<SUB>disp</SUB> in SF regions is also small, only ∼0.37 km s<SUP>-1</SUP>. The local excess in Σ<SUB>HI</SUB> corresponding to an excess in Σ<SUB>SFR</SUB> is consistent with a H I consumption time of ∼1.6 Gyr in the inner parts of the galaxies. The similarity between this timescale and the consumption time for CO implies that CO-dark molecular gas has comparable mass to H I in the inner disks. | 9 |
there is provided a computer comprising an application that generates a call having a resource name and a default value . a resource manager compares an entry in a localized resource file to the resource name . a resource manager wrapper adds said resource name to a resource file if the localized resource file does not contain the resource name . the resource manager wrapper then sends a return value to the application to be used with presentations to an end user . | 8 |
the printing operation of an ink jet printer is controlled based on the density of the image to be printed . using the density , a required drying time for each swath of printed matter is determined based on the image density . also using the density , a maximum print frequency of firing the ink jets is determined . the density is determined by filtering stored print data by dividing the print data into blocks and determining a maximum number of on pixels in a block . such filtering enables clusters of on pixels to be detected thus providing a more accurate determination of the density . | 1 |
We present the first release of the Czech Variable star catalogue that currently contains 1228 stars whose variability was discovered by 60 Czech observers. The catalogue contains confirmed variable stars of various types, but also candidates. We give precise coordinates, cross identification with other catalogues, information about constellation, variability type, brightness, light elements, name of the discoverer and year of discovery. In eighty-eight percent of stars the variability type is estimated, for more than 60 % of the stars the light ephemerides are given. | 9 |
a recording playback device employing an endless tape loop as the recording media . in response to a tone signal recorded on the tape , a simple mechanism provides a fast forward operation mode to return the recording tape to its beginning . | 6 |
NEST is a simulator for spiking neural network models that focuses on the dynamics, size and structure of neural systems rather than on the exact morphology of individual neurons. For further information, visit http://www.nest-simulator.org. The release notes for this release are available at https://github.com/nest/nest-simulator/releases/tag/v2.16.0 | 9 |
an improved process and apparatus for the melt - spinning of synthetic polymers are disclosed . the process and apparatus are preferably adapted to polymers such as polyamide 6 , polyamide 66 , polyester and their copolymers . the polymers are melt - spun in a spinneret and the resulting filaments are withdrawn at a speed between 600 and 6000 meters / min . the distance between the uppermost blow point of the cooling zone and the spinneret surface is selected so that the distance is within a range , the upper limit of which is defined by the relation b and the lower limit is defined by one of the relations a 1 or a 2 or a 3 as follows : b = 48 . 2 - 109 a . sub . 1 = 34 . 4 - 71 a . sub . 2 =- 32 . sup . 2 + 34 a . sub . 3 =- 44 . sup . 2 + 32 , where v is the spinning withdrawal speed in meters / min . | 3 |
a method of controlling the nucleation of cells in a polymeric foam material includes blending a matrix material with a second phase material which provides sites for bubble nucleation . the selection of the second phase material controls the size and density of the cells . | 8 |
a winding head of a cheese - producing textile machine , having a device for the accurate determination of the length of yarn traveling through a measuring head , and having an evaluating device for accumulating the yarn lengths that have passed . the winding head has a device for determining yarn length portions which are removed in the course of a yarn connecting process . the evaluation device is adapted to subtract the removed yarn lengths from the total length of the yarn which has passed through the measuring head . | 1 |
a stitching head is provided having a cam connected to the bender rail rail , the cam operates to redirect the staple driving force being applied by the driver rail to the driver and upon the staple during the staple driving step of stitching head operation ; the force - redirecting position of the cam is automatically adjusted in response to the thickness of each workpiece as the cam is connected to the bender rail rail and the contacting of the workpiece by the bender rail repositions the cam at the desired distance above the workpiece to reestablish the set - point for the redirection of the staple driving force being applied to the driver rail upon as staple head contacts each variable thickness workpiece . | 1 |
an optical memory circuit comprises two photodetectors , and an intermediate signal conductor for connecting the two photodetectors , wherein the two photodetectors and the signal conductor are connected in series in a closed circuit , wherein each of the photodetectors comprises two spaced schottky electrodes symmetrically disposed on a semiconductor substrate and the signal conductor has a capacitance with a time constant of a potential of the signal conductor such that charges are stored in the signal conductor when an optical write signal is incident on one photodetector and stored charges are released from the signal conductor when an optical read signal is incident on the other photodetector . | 6 |
in general , in one aspect , instructions are received from a user for management of a network device , the instructions are adjusted for compatibility with requirements of a network provider other than the user , and the adjusted instructions are implemented on the network device . | 7 |
numerous benefits are realized by allowing messaging platforms to receive and act on information packages that include one or more execution instruction sets , where the eis is executed as specified . execution of the included eiss provides vastly enhanced capabilities to the messaging platform , such as controlling when an eis is executed , from where necessary data is obtained for the execution of the eis , what kinds of executions are permitted , who will be the recipients of the content portion of platform , what that content will be , etc . increasing the interaction complexity a step further , the eis permits creation of an interactive session with the recipient that makes the message more effective . a still additional capability is the establishment of a communication path from the messaging platform . this may be in the form of a message that is sent by the messaging platform , or a connection that is established between the recipient and some other party . | 7 |
a composition is described for cosmetic and / or pharmaceutical treatment of the outermost layers of the epidermis by topical application to the skin . the preparation comprises a relatively high amount of phospholipids that applies a thin monomolecular layer to the skin , permitting natural hydration . the chemical composition of the phospholipids provides antioxidant protection and natural sun - blocking effects . all natural oils are incorporated into the phospholipid phase . since no synthetic emulsifiers or harsh alcohols are used in the composition , it is non - irritating to the skin . moreover , the cosmetics of the present invention exhibit both good emulsion stability and storage stability while providing a good skin feel . | 0 |
the present invention is directed to a system and method for managing allocation of a computer resource to at least one partition of a plurality of partitions of a multiple partition computer system , the system comprising : a plurality of work load managers , with one work load manager associated with each partition of the plurality of partitions , wherein each work load manager determines a resource request value for the computer resource based on at least one priority assigned to its partition associated with the computer resource ; and a partition load manager that is operative to form an allocation value for each respective partition based on a respective resource request value ; wherein the system apportions the computer resource among the plurality of partitions based on the allocation values . | 6 |
this invention relates to a protective face guard employing a grillwork such as used in a catcher &# 39 ; s mask and particularly an eye shield which is detachably fastened between a forehead pad and the grillwork for shading the eye of a user . | 0 |
Her X-1, one of the brightest and best studied X-ray binaries, shows a cyclotron resonant scattering feature (CRSF) near 37 keV. This makes it an ideal target for a detailed study with the Nuclear Spectroscopic Telescope Array (NuSTAR), taking advantage of its excellent hard X-ray spectral resolution. We observed Her X-1 three times, coordinated with Suzaku, during one of the high flux intervals of its 35 day superorbital period. This paper focuses on the shape and evolution of the hard X-ray spectrum. The broadband spectra can be fitted with a power law with a high-energy cutoff, an iron line, and a CRSF. We find that the CRSF has a very smooth and symmetric shape in all observations and at all pulse phases. We compare the residuals of a line with a Gaussian optical-depth profile to a Lorentzian optical-depth profile and find no significant differences, strongly constraining the very smooth shape of the line. Even though the line energy changes dramatically with pulse phase, we find that its smooth shape does not. Additionally, our data show that the continuum only changes marginally between the three observations. These changes can be explained with varying amounts of Thomson scattering in the hot corona of the accretion disk. The average, luminosity-corrected CRSF energy is lower than in past observations and follows a secular decline. The excellent data quality of NuSTAR provides the best constraint on the CRSF energy to date. | 9 |
a process for the preparation of 1 , 5 - dideoxy - 1 , 5 - imino hexitols of a hexose sugars from novel hydroxyl protected oxime intermediates . the process includes formation of a lactam which is reduced to the hexitol . the hexitols are useful as drugs . | 2 |
We search for features in the mass distribution of detected compact binary coalescences which signify the transition between neutron stars (NSs) and black holes (BHs). We analyze all gravitational-wave (GW) detections by the LIGO Scientific Collaboration, the Virgo Collaboration, and the KAGRA Collaboration (LVK) made through the end of the first half of the third observing run, and find clear evidence for two different populations of compact objects based solely on GW data. We confidently (99.3%) find a steepening relative to a single power law describing NSs and low-mass BHs below ${2.4}_{-0.5}^{+0.5}{M}_{\odot }$ , which is consistent with many predictions for the maximum NS mass. We find suggestions of the purported lower mass gap between the most massive NSs and the least massive BHs, but are unable to conclusively resolve it with current data. If it exists, we find the lower mass gap's edges to lie at ${2.2}_{-0.5}^{+0.7}{M}_{\odot }$ and ${6.0}_{-1.4}^{+2.4}{M}_{\odot }$ . We reexamine events that have been deemed "exceptional" by the LVK collaborations in the context of these features. We analyze GW190814 self-consistently in the context of the full population of compact binaries, finding support for its secondary to be either a NS or a lower mass gap object, consistent with previous claims. Our models are the first to accommodate this event, which is an outlier with respect to the binary BH population. We find that GW200105 and GW200115 probe the edges of, and may have components within, the lower mass gap. As future data improve global population models, the classification of these events will also improve. | 9 |
embodiments of a wireless communication station and methods for communication station - capability information are generally described herein . in some embodiments , a first wireless communications station is configured to wirelessly communicate a station - capability information element . the station - capability ie included in at least one item selected from a list of items consisting of an association between the first station and a second station , an information - request action frame , and an information - response action frame . | 7 |
an integrated circuit includes a digital signal processor and an error correction co - processor that implements a viterbi decoding function . the dsp and eccp share a block of multi - port memory , typically by bus multiplexing a dual - port ram . when the eccp possesses the ram , it inhibits the dsp from accessing that block of the ram by asserting an ebusy flag . this technique conserves and optimizes the ram usage , allowing the dsp and eccp to advantageously be formed on the same integrated circuit chip . | 7 |
an energy conserving device for preventing loss of heat energy from a heater to a chimney by means of a fluid gas heat trap to choke off either chimney draft and / or heated convectional air currents lost to the chimney when the heater is off but allowing combustion gasses to vent freely to the chimney when such gasses are generated . the device also acts as a diverter for either up or down drafts from the chimney to direct them away from the heater . in another form when the device is used with a forced air type furnace , the device in addition provides heat interchange between room air and the hot gasses in the trap . this then heated air is drawn into the circulating system of the furnace adding to its temperature while lowering the temperature of the vented combustion gasses , to lessen the heat loss up the chimney . | 5 |
a contactless ic card , to which power is externally supplied in a contactless manner , includes a shunt regulator and a demodulation circuit . the shunt regulator attenuates , in the supplied power , a signal component in a band unwanted for demodulating an rx signal . the demodulation circuit demodulates the rx signal from the power in which the signal component in the unwanted band has been attenuated by the regulator . | 6 |
a device for drainage of a pulp web , particularly a tissue web , having a first pressing zone having a first pressing zone length through which the pulp web is fed horizontally between a circulating , permeable band and a circulating , permeable support band . the first pressing zone is designed such that a fluid can flow through the band , the pulp web and the support band at least on one part of the first pressing zone length . in addition , the device has a subsequent second pressing zone having a second pressing zone length . the pulp web is guided through the second pressing zone between two bands having differing compressibility . | 3 |
the present disclosure is related to a foldable anti - slip device mounted at the bottom of shoes adapted for mountain - climbing and snow - walking use , which consists of a pivotable slip - proof member , outwardly exposed for effecting the purpose and retractably received in a concave recess when not needed . | 0 |
Server application for Health and Demographic Data collection and management | 9 |
an image sensor includes a plurality of unit pixels for sensing a light beam to generate an image data . each of the unit pixels includes , a photoelectric element for sensing a light beam incident thereto and generating photoelectric charges , a transistor including a gate dielectric formed adjacent to the photoelectric element and a gate electrode formed on top of the gate dielectric and a capacitor structure including an insulating film formed on a portion of the photoelectric element and a bottom electrode , wherein the insulating film and the gate dielectric are made of a same material and the bottom electrode and the gate electrode are made of a same material . | 7 |
a table football game including a box - like structure which is open at the top and a field of play in which play figures are arranged displaceably , for which purpose a push rod with its handle protruding outward is provided in each case under the field of play , whereby each play figure is provided with a pivoted leg . | 0 |
a method of treatment or prevention of breast and endometrial cancer , osteoporosis and endometriosis in susceptible warm - blooded animals comprising administering a low dose of a progestin or other steroid derivative having androgenic activity and low masculinizing activity . pharmaceutical compositions useful for such treatment and pharmaceutical kits containing such compositions are disclosed . an in vitro assay permitting specific measurements of androgenic activity of potentially useful compounds is also disclosed . | 0 |
operator access to the zone at which workpieces are struck in a drop hammer is temporarily but reliably blocked by a sturdy mechanical guard throughout every period when the hammer may commence and complete its fall ; a unique physical linkage , between the guard and a safety - dog lever which must be manually turned in order to release the hammer , insures that the safety guard must have been shifted from an out - of - the - way position into a protective orientation before the hammer can drop . | 8 |
a method for restoring a turbine engine blade includes removing material from a wear / damage site on an od shroud of the blade . additional material is laser cladded to the site and then machined to restore the shroud . | 1 |
methods and apparatus are provided for vehicle windshield washing - wiping and wiper de - icing . primary nozzles provide washing fluid to the windshield during normal operations and secondary nozzles bathe the wiper arms with washing fluid to de - ice the wipers during a de - icing mode . washing fluid is drawn from a reservoir and delivered to the nozzles by a pump . when the outside air temperature t is greater than tc , the critical temperature for ice formation , the wipers and washing - wiping proceed normally with washing fluid delivered to the primary nozzles for windshield washing . when t ≦ tc and the wipers are not moving , a washer fluid supply line valve delivers washing fluid to the secondary nozzles to de - ice the wipers . the wiper motor , washing fluid pump and valve are operated by a controller based on inputs from wiper position and air temperature sensors , using predetermined information stored in on - board memory . | 1 |
a method for controlling diesel engine emissions is disclosed . the diesel engine &# 39 ; s exhaust system has a diesel particulate filter and a lean no x trap . the dpf is a filter and is monitored to determine the need for regeneration . the lnt is monitored to determine the need for regeneration or desulfurization . a fuel injector is used to inject fuel upstream of the lnt under certain conditions , and a bypass may be used to bypass exhaust around the dpf to provide richer or hotter exhaust to the lnt . the sensor outputs and controls for providing the appropriate heat or fuel mix for regeneration and desulfurization may be controlled with enhancements to existing engine control circuitry . | 8 |
a method for adjusting variable illumination parameters of a laser imagesetter including laser power , focus adjustment , scan rate , and / or feed rate during the illumination of a photosensitive material , in particular , during illumination tests , includes the steps of reducing the time taken and the workload for determining the correct imagesetter setting by calculating at least some of the illumination parameters , prior to the adjustment , based upon imagesetter - independent characteristic data including material thickness , material sensitivity , material - specific test patterns , and / or material - specific evaluation criteria of the photosensitive material to be illuminated , and , subsequently , adjusting the calculated illumination parameters automatically . | 1 |
a display device includes : a light emission control part which allows a light source to emit the light having one of the plural different main wavelengths in each of plural sub frames ; a display panel which controls the transmission of light in each pixel ; and a display control part which controls the display panel corresponding to a gray level value with respect to the each pixel , wherein the light emitting control part performs the light emission of light having a first main wavelength in a first sub frame in accordance with a light emission amount weighted based on a time for calculation including a first interval which is a interval between the first sub frame where the first main wavelength is emitted and a second sub frame where the first main wavelength is emitted after the first sub frame . | 6 |
provided are a method of manufacturing a plastic substrate having a tft , a substrate manufactured thereby , a method of manufacturing a flat panel display device , and a flat display device manufactured thereby , which can be used for a flexible flat display device . the method includes : preparing a film in which a plurality of conductive patterns are included ; bonding the film to a substrate ; forming the tft in a manner such that it is electrically connected to the conductive pattern on the film ; and forming an insulating layer covering the tft on the film . | 7 |
Code to extract critical infrastructure assets from OSM data, estimate the amount of infrastructure for given grid cells, and calculate the Critical Infrastructure System Index (CISI). Also a Jupyter Notebook and additional code to reproduce the figures and supplementary material in Nirandjan et al. (in progress) are provided. | 9 |
a system for controlling traffic in a digital communication network to avoid data loss due to congestion utilizes both credit - based and rate - based traffic control approaches within a common framework , and adjusts the rate at which data is transmitted from a source in accordance with feedback in a form of credit values from a destination reflecting the ability of the network to transmit data and the destination to receive data . in one embodiment , the destination receives the information about network congestion , and , knowing its own capacity to receive more data , generates a credit in the form a numeric value which is fed back to the source so that the source adjusts its transmission rate to avoid data loss due to congestion in the network . | 7 |
a mechanical transmission device for modifying torque and speed of rotation form torque input to torque output , more particularly a device capable of modifying torque and speed of rotation in a continuously variable fashion utilizing a single set of levers in conjunction with an abaxial ring . | 1 |
a wave control circuit disclosed herein may be used to control the operation of various plumbing devices and appliances . the wave control circuit uses a sensor to sense presence of objects in the vicinity of the plumbing device and appliance using the wave control circuit and a control circuit to control the operation of the plumbing device or appliance . | 8 |
Red giant stars are proving to be an incredible source of information for testing models of stellar evolution, as asteroseismology has opened up a window into their interiors. Such insights are a direct result of the unprecedented data from space missions CoRoT and Kepler as well as recent theoretical advances. Eclipsing binaries are also fundamental astrophysical objects, and when coupled with asteroseismology, binaries provide two independent methods to obtain masses and radii and exciting opportunities to develop highly constrained stellar models. The possibility of discovering pulsating red giants in eclipsing binary systems is therefore an important goal that could potentially offer very robust characterization of these systems. Until recently, only one case has been discovered with Kepler. We cross-correlate the detected red giant and eclipsing-binary catalogs from Kepler data to find possible candidate systems. Light-curve modeling and mean properties measured from asteroseismology are combined to yield specific measurements of periods, masses, radii, temperatures, eclipse timing variations, core rotation rates, and red giant evolutionary state. After using three different techniques to eliminate false positives, out of the 70 systems common to the red giant and eclipsing-binary catalogs we find 13 strong candidates (12 previously unknown) to be eclipsing binaries, one to be a non-eclipsing binary with tidally induced oscillations, and 10 more to be hierarchical triple systems, all of which include a pulsating red giant. The systems span a range of orbital eccentricities, periods, and spectral types F, G, K, and M for the companion of the red giant. One case even suggests an eclipsing binary composed of two red giant stars and another of a red giant with a δ-Scuti star. The discovery of multiple pulsating red giants in eclipsing binaries provides an exciting test bed for precise astrophysical modeling, and follow-up spectroscopic observations of many of the candidate systems are encouraged. The resulting highly constrained stellar parameters will allow, for example, the exploration of how binary tidal interactions affect pulsations when compared to the single-star case. | 9 |
We study the evolution of atomic and molecular gas in galaxies in semi-analytic models of galaxy formation that include new modelling of the partitioning of cold gas in galactic discs into atomic, molecular, and ionized phases. We adopt two scenarios for the formation of molecules: one pressure based and one metallicity based. We find that both recipes successfully reproduce the gas fractions and gas-to-stellar mass ratios of H I and H<SUB>2</SUB> in local galaxies, as well as the H I and H<SUB>2</SUB> disc sizes up to z ≤ 2. We reach good agreement with the locally observed H I and H<SUB>2</SUB> mass function, although both recipes slightly overpredict the low-mass end of the H I mass function. Both of our models predict that the high-mass end of the H I mass function remains nearly constant at redshifts z < 2.0. The metallicity-based recipe yields a higher cosmic density of cold gas and much lower cosmic H<SUB>2</SUB> fraction over the entire redshift range probed than the pressure-based recipe. These strong differences in H I mass function and cosmic density between the two recipes are driven by low-mass galaxies (log (M<SUB>*</SUB>/M<SUB>⊙</SUB>) ≤ 7) residing in low-mass haloes (log (M<SUB>vir</SUB>/M<SUB>⊙</SUB>) ≤ 10). Both recipes predict that galaxy gas fractions remain high from z ∼ 6to3 and drop rapidly at lower redshift. The galaxy H<SUB>2</SUB> fractions show a similar trend, but drop even more rapidly. We provide predictions for the CO J = 1-0 luminosity of galaxies, which will be directly comparable with observations with sub-mm and radio instruments. | 9 |
Released 28 Nov 2023 Full Changelog: https://github.com/i2bc/SCAN_IDR/commits/v1.0.0 | 9 |
the method includes providing a high impact polystyrene reaction system , wherein the hips reaction system has a devolitalizer downstream of a reactor and injecting a retarding agent into the hips reaction system prior to the devolitalizer . | 2 |
The classical scenario of terrestrial planet formation is characterized by a phase of giant impacts among Moon-to-Mars mass planetary embryos. While the classic model and its adaptations have produced adequate analogues of the outer three terrestrial planets, Mercury's origin remains elusive. Mercury's high-core mass fraction compared to the Earth's is particularly outstanding. Among collisional hypotheses, this feature has been long interpreted as the outcome of an energetic giant impact among two massive protoplanets. Here, we revisit the classical scenario of terrestrial planet formation with focus on the outcome of giant impacts. We have performed a large number of N-body simulations considering different initial distributions of planetary embryos and planetesimals. Our simulations tested the effects of different giant planet configurations, from virtually circular to very eccentric configurations. We compare the giant impacts produced in our simulations with those that are more likely to account for the formation of Mercury and the Moon according to smoothed hydrodynamic simulations. Impact events that could lead to Moon's formation are observed in all our simulations with up to ~20 per cent of all giant impacts, consistent with the range of the expected Moon-forming event conditions. On the other hand, Mercury-forming events via a single giant impact are extremely rare, accounting for less than ~1 per cent of all giant impacts. Our results suggest that producing Mercury as a remnant of a single giant impact that strips out the mantle of a differentiated planetary object with Earth-like iron-silicate ratio is challenging and alternative scenarios may be required (e.g. multiple collisions). | 9 |
a survey data collecting system includes a booklet having front and back covers and a plurality of intermediate pages . the back cover is perforated to form a negotiable check , the face of which is on the outer surface of the back cover . the inner surface of the check has several columns of spaces thereon for indicating answers to questions which are written on the intermediate leaves and on the remaining portion of the back cover . the intermediate leaves decrease in width so that each succeeding leaf covers one less column of spaces than the preceding one . | 1 |
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