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http://mathoverflow.net/questions/81228/is-there-a-way-to-formalize-reflexive-relations-in-a-relation-algebra
## Is there a way to formalize reflexive relations in a relation algebra? ### Remember to vote up questions/answers you find interesting or helpful (requires 15 reputation points) I am doing some research on the algebra of relations (Tarski/Givant axiomatization), and I notice that in a proper relation algebra, an el...
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http://math.stackexchange.com/questions/102497/finding-the-midpoint-of-a-right-angle-triangle
# Finding the MidPoint of a Right Angle triangle I have a rather simple question, not sure if this is in the right SO. I am attempting to find the angle of a side of a right angle triangle. And also attempting to find the mid point of a right angle triangle no matter the rotation(for a webapp I am making). I am attem...
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http://www.physicsforums.com/showthread.php?p=4258830
Physics Forums ## Why do some functions not have Anti derivatives?? as the title says why are some functions like ## √cotx##(root cotx) not integratable?? PhysOrg.com science news on PhysOrg.com >> Front-row seats to climate change>> Attacking MRSA with metals from antibacterial clays>> New formula invented for mi...
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http://physics.stackexchange.com/tags/proton/hot
Tag Info Hot answers tagged proton 14 Protons' repulsion within a nucleus There is an electrostatic repulsion between the protons in the nucleus. However, there is also an attraction due to another kind of force besides electromagnetism, namely the so-called "strong nuclear interaction". The strong nuclear interact...
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http://math.stackexchange.com/questions/61937/how-can-i-prove-that-all-rational-numbers-are-either-terminally-real-or-repeatin/61942
# How can I prove that all rational numbers are either terminally real or repeating real numbers? I am trying to figure out how to prove that all rational numbers are either terminally real or repeating real numbers, but I am having a great difficulty in doing so. Any help will be greatly appreciated. Thanks! - 1 ...
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http://physics.stackexchange.com/questions/35801/classical-mechanics-one-dimensional-motion/39257
# Classical mechanics. One-dimensional motion Here is one task below. How to solve equation $$m\ddot {x} + ax = F(t), x(0) = \dot x (0) = 0$$ in quadratures by using two methods? I tried to create a system of equations $$\begin{matrix} \dot v = F(t) - w_{0}^{2}x \\ \dot x = v \\ \end{matrix},$$ but I don't know, wh...
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http://math.stackexchange.com/questions/102547/is-there-a-bijective-function-which-maps-an-integer-vector-onto-a-single-number
# Is there a bijective function which maps an integer vector onto a single number? I am looking for a function that maps an integer vector onto a single number. Actually it is a algorithmic problem I am having. But there must be such functions around, especially when thinking of cryptography. - Do you want to map an...
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http://openwetware.org/index.php?title=User:Pranav_Rathi/Notebook/OT/2010/08/18/CrystaLaser_specifications&diff=655040&oldid=655027
# User:Pranav Rathi/Notebook/OT/2010/08/18/CrystaLaser specifications ### From OpenWetWare (Difference between revisions) | | ...
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http://mathhelpforum.com/advanced-statistics/182682-estimate-expectation.html
# Thread: 1. ## Estimate for an expectation Hello, I have the following situation: Two stochastic processes X and Y. For X, I know that $E[|X_s]^2]\leq C$ for all $s\in[t,T]$. Now I need an estimate for the expression: $E[|X_sY_s|^2$, aim is to get rid of the X. Something like $E[|X_sY_s|^2]\leq E[|X_s|^2]E[|Y_s|^2]...
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http://math.stackexchange.com/questions/78033/all-solutions-to-the-matrix-equation-ax-b/78039
# All solutions to the matrix equation $AX=B$ Could you please give me some tips, directions, on how to find all $3\times 3$ matrices$X$, so that $AX=B$. The matrices $A$ and $B$ are given. I've made a long way, multiplying $A$ with $x_{k}$: $$\begin{align} Ax_{1} &= b_{1}\\ Ax_{2} &= b_{2}\\ Ax_{3} &= b_{3}\end{alig...
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http://terrytao.wordpress.com/author/gilkalai/
What’s new Updates on my research and expository papers, discussion of open problems, and other maths-related topics. By Terence Tao # Author Archive You are currently browsing Gil Kalai’s articles. ## (Gil Kalai) The entropy/influence conjecture 16 August, 2007 in guest blog, math.CA, math.PR, question | Tags: bo...
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http://mathhelpforum.com/statistics/43655-finding-shape-sd-mean.html
# Thread: 1. ## finding the shape,sd and mean im having trouble finding (basically everything) i cant seem to figure out the problem with the given numbers. In the problem it says that 39% of housholds have a dog in your city and that you takes a simple random sample of 50 households. basically wer have to describe...
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http://math.stackexchange.com/questions/56895/finding-simply-connected-open-sets-in-a-connected-set?answertab=active
# Finding Simply Connected Open Sets in a Connected Set? I believe that the following statement is true: Let $E$ be a connected open subset of $\mathbb{R}^2$. For any $n$ distinct points in $E$, there exists a connected and simply connected open set $G \subset E$ that contains those points. How can I show this? My o...
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http://cstheory.stackexchange.com/questions/14025/strongly-edge-guarding-a-3d-triangulation
# Strongly edge-guarding a 3d triangulation Let $T$ be a planar triangulation. It is known that one can guard the faces of $T$ using at most $\lfloor n/3 \rfloor$ edge-guards (Worst-case-optimal algorithms for guarding planar graphs and polyhedral surfaces). I am trying to obtain a similar upper bound for an extension...
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http://math.stackexchange.com/questions/13575/teaching-myself-differential-topology-and-differential-geometry?answertab=oldest
# Teaching myself differential topology and differential geometry I have a hazy notion of some stuff in differential geometry and a better, but still not quite rigorous understanding of basics of differential topology. I have decided to fix this lacuna once for all. Unfortunately I cannot attend a course right now. I...
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http://mathoverflow.net/questions/38278/enumerative-algorithm-through-inclusion-exclusion/38286
## Enumerative algorithm through inclusion-exclusion ### Remember to vote up questions/answers you find interesting or helpful (requires 15 reputation points) Hello everybody ! I wondered, without really knowing where to search, whether there was a "smart" way to enumerate/iterate over all the elements of a set whic...
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http://math.stackexchange.com/questions/295618/interesting-tea-time-problem/295658
# Interesting tea-time problem Problem A: Please fill each blank with a number such that all the statements are true: 0 appears in all these statements $____$ time(s) 1 appears in all these statements $____$ time(s) 2 appears in all these statements $____$ time(s) 3 appears in all these statements $____$ time(s) 4 ap...
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http://math.stackexchange.com/questions/217854/no-probability-density-for-linearly-dependent-random-vector
# No probability density for linearly dependent random vector? For a random vector, I know that if the covariance matrix is non invertible, the random vector doesn't have a pdf. However, is there an intuitive explanation why linear dependence between the variables in a random vector infers non existence of a pdf? Tha...
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http://medlibrary.org/medwiki/Magnetic_dipole_moment
# Magnetic dipole moment Welcome to MedLibrary.org. For best results, we recommend beginning with the navigation links at the top of the page, which can guide you through our collection of over 14,000 medication labels and package inserts. For additional information on other topics which are not covered by our databas...
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http://mathhelpforum.com/advanced-algebra/189839-deduce-lagrange-s-theorem.html
# Thread: 1. ## Deduce Lagrange's Theorem Let H be a group acting on a set A. Prove that the relation ~ on A defined by a~b iff $a=hb$ for some h in H is an equivalence relation. I have already shown this. Let H be a subgroup of the finite group G and let H act on G by left multiplication. Let x exist in G and let O...
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http://physics.stackexchange.com/questions/36150/what-is-the-meaning-of-following-expresion-c-frac-delta-qdt-mathematicly/36153
# What is the meaning of following expresion $C=\frac{\delta Q}{dT}$ mathematicly Our professor raised the following question during our lecture in Statistical Physics (even so it's related to Thermodynamics): Many text books (even wikipedia) writes wrong expressions (from mathematical point of view) for Heat Capacit...
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http://physics.stackexchange.com/questions/tagged/charge+voltage
# Tagged Questions 1answer 24 views ### About the electrostatic voltage What's the difference between electrostatic voltage and normal voltage, like the battery's voltage. How to calculate the charge on a charged plate if we knew its electrostatic voltage? 1answer 129 views ### Electron volt and Voltage Voltage is...
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http://mathoverflow.net/questions/50154?sort=votes
## Reachability for Markov process ### Remember to vote up questions/answers you find interesting or helpful (requires 15 reputation points) Let $X$ be a Markov process (in continuous or discrete time) and define an event $$R(T,A) = (\exists t\leq T: X_t \in A).$$ I have seen in one paper that $$\Pr[R(\infty,A)] = \s...
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http://math.stackexchange.com/questions/129093/evaluating-int-dfrac-2x-x2-6x-13dx/129095
# Evaluating $\int \dfrac {2x} {x^{2} + 6x + 13}dx$ I am having trouble understanding the first step of evaluating $$\int \dfrac {2x} {x^{2} + 6x + 13}dx$$ When faced with integrals such as the one above, how do you know to manipulate the integral into: $$\int \dfrac {2x+6} {x^{2} + 6x + 13}dx - 6 \int \dfrac {1} {x...
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http://physics.stackexchange.com/questions/52628/could-there-be-a-star-orbiting-around-a-planet/52647
# Could there be a star orbiting around a planet? I wonder if there ever could be a star (really small) which may orbit around a planet (really big)? - ## 6 Answers One thing to keep in mind is that objects that are bound gravitationally actually revolve around each other around a point called a barycenter. The fac...
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http://mathhelpforum.com/pre-calculus/175408-polar-form-1-i.html
# Thread: 1. ## Polar form of -1 + i. Write $z=i-1$ in form of ${re}^{iv}$ 2. It's a math exercise! And it is asking you to change a complex number written in Cartesian form to its "polar form". The simplest way to do that is to graph i- 1 as (-1, 1) (using the x-axis as the real axis, the y-axis as the imaginary ax...
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http://mathoverflow.net/questions/118626/real-symmetric-matrix-has-real-eigenvalues-elementary-proof/118657
## real symmetric matrix has real eigenvalues - elementary proof ### Remember to vote up questions/answers you find interesting or helpful (requires 15 reputation points) Every real symmetric matrix has at least one real eigenvalue. Does anyone know how to prove this elementary, that is without the notion of complex ...
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http://cms.math.ca/cmb/v53/n4/
Canadian Mathematical Society www.cms.math.ca | | | | | |----------|----|-----------|----| | | | | | | | | Site map | | | CMS store | | location:  Publications → journals → CMB « Vol. 53 No. 3 Vol. 54 No. 1 » Volume 53 Number 4 (Dec 2010) Looking for a pri...
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http://math.stackexchange.com/questions/203890/how-to-solve-cos-pi-2t-ge-0/203893
# How to solve $\cos(\pi/2+t)\ge 0$? I have a trig question. How do you I solve this. I appreciate much if you could show it step by step. Find all the value of in the interval $[0,2\pi]$ for which $\cos(\pi/2+t)\ge 0$. - The answer in my solution book is : t E [pi,3pi/2] or t E [3pi/2,2pi]. Can anyone tell me how t...
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http://cs.stackexchange.com/questions/9095/is-resolution-complete-or-only-refutation-complete
# Is resolution complete or only refutation-complete? Going through some knowledge representation tutorials on resolution at the moment, and I came across slide 05.KR, no77. There it is mentioned that "the procedure is also complete". I think this completeness can not mean that if a sentence is entailed by KB, then ...
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http://physics.stackexchange.com/questions/2508/rotation-angle-of-a-giant-lily-when-a-child-crawls-on-its-rim?answertab=active
# Rotation angle of a giant lily when a child crawls on its rim Below is a picture of Giant Water Lily. Scientific Name: Victoria Amazonica. Leaves of some of these could be as big as 3 m diameter and carry a weight of 45kg spread evenly and can support a child. Now the problem: Suppose that a leaf of such flower wit...
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http://mathhelpforum.com/algebra/204547-rearranging-quadratric-equation.html
# Thread: 1. ## Rearranging to quadratric equation Here I've got a sum that I have to reorder into a quadratic equation so I can find the two roots of it, but I'm struggling to understand how. Once into the quadratic form, I can easily find the roots, but the problem for me is getting it into the quadratic form. 18/...
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http://mathhelpforum.com/trigonometry/29256-satellite-find-time-takes-call-between-two-cities.html
# Thread: 1. ## satellite, find time it takes a call between two cities. A communications satellite is in an orbit that is 4.10 x 10^7 m directly above the equator. Consider the moment when the satellite is located midway between Quito, Equador, and Belem, Brazil; two cities almost on the equator that are separated b...
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http://planetmath.org/ModalLogicS4
# modal logic S4 The modal logic S4 is the smallest normal modal logic containing the following schemas: • (T) $\square A\to A$, and • (4) $\square A\to\square\square A$. In this entry, we show that T is valid in a frame iff the frame is reflexive. ###### Proposition 1. 4 is valid in a frame $\mathcal{F}$ iff $\m...
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http://crypto.stackexchange.com/questions/1339/where-is-the-proof-of-security-of-diffies-cipher?answertab=oldest
# Where is the proof of security of Diffie's cipher? There is an apparently provably secure cipher that was proposed by Diffie, but enhanced by R.A. Rueppel. The scheme, which was mentioned in Applied Cryptography, works like this: 1. Measure the length of the plain-text, $n$. 2. Multiply it by $128$. 3. Generate thi...
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http://stats.stackexchange.com/questions/13810/threshold-for-correlation-coefficient-to-indicate-statistical-significance-of-a
# Threshold for correlation coefficient to indicate statistical significance of a correlation in a correlation matrix I have computed a correlation matrix of a data set which contains 455 data points, each data point containing 14 characteristics. So the dimension of the correlation matrix is 14 x 14. I was wondering...
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http://math.stackexchange.com/questions/162177/building-transformation-matrix-from-spherical-to-cartesian-coordinate-system
# building transformation matrix from spherical to cartesian coordinate system How to arrive at the following from given $x = r\sin \theta \cos \phi, y = r\sin \theta \sin \phi, z=r\cos\theta$ $$\begin{bmatrix} A_x\\ A_y\\ A_z \end{bmatrix} = \begin{bmatrix} \sin \theta \cos \phi & \cos \theta \cos \phi & -\sin\phi\\...
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http://www.pvk.ca/Blog/2012/08/13/engineering-a-list-merge-sort/
# Engineering a List Merge Sort Aug 13th, 2012 Back in November 2011, Takeru Ohta submitted a very nice patch to replace our (SBCL’s) in-place stable merge sort on linked lists with a simpler, much more efficient implementation. It took me until last May to whip myself into running a bunch of tests to estimate the pe...
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http://www.nag.com/numeric/CL/nagdoc_cl23/html/S/sintro.html
# NAG Library Chapter Introductions – Approximations of Special Functions ## 1  Scope of the Chapter This chapter is concerned with the provision of some commonly occurring physical and mathematical functions. ## 2  Background to the Problems The majority of the functions in this chapter approximate real-valued fun...
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http://math.stackexchange.com/questions/194904/calculating-expected-number-of-rounds
# Calculating expected number of rounds I am trying to find the expected number of rounds for a system to finish a process. Lets say N = 100. One process starts off the program by sending a message to another random process. The choice is made at random so a process can potentially send a message multiple times to ano...
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http://mathhelpforum.com/geometry/200177-circumference-circle.html
# Thread: 1. ## the circumference of a circle I need help in the below problem thanks A circle of diameter 2cm rolls along the circumference of a circle of diameter 12cm, without slipping until it returns to its starting position. Given that the smaller circle has turned x degrees about its centre. Find the value of...
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http://mathoverflow.net/questions/31143?sort=newest
## unique integer partitions ### Remember to vote up questions/answers you find interesting or helpful (requires 15 reputation points) Let me motivate my general question with an explicit example: Suppose I am looking for all unique combinations of exactly three non-negative integers that sum to five. The solutions ...
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http://physics.stackexchange.com/questions/tagged/vectors+mathematics
# Tagged Questions 1answer 302 views ### Bra space and adjoint vectors If I'm not wrong, a bra, $\langle \phi_n |$, can be thought as a linear functional that when applied to a ket vector, $| \phi_m \rangle$, returns a complex number; that is, the inner product it's a ... 6answers 2k views ### How is gradient the m...
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dynamical_systems
# Dynamical system (Redirected from Dynamical systems) "Dynamical" redirects here. For other uses, see Dynamical (disambiguation). The Lorenz attractor arises in the study of the Lorenz Oscillator, a dynamical system. A dynamical system is a concept in mathematics where a fixed rule describes the time dependence of ...
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http://math.stackexchange.com/questions/35792/what-results-are-known-if-f-g-are-both-analytic-in-mathbbc-having-infini?answertab=active
# What results are known If $f,g$ are both analytic in $\mathbb{C}$, having infinitely many poles or zeros for the same $z$'s? What results are known If $f,g$ are both analytic in $\mathbb{C}$, having infinitely many poles (or zeros) that all coincide? Where each pole from $f$ has has the same order pole of $g$ for th...
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http://math.stackexchange.com/questions/72098/a-few-proofs-of-properties-of-a-certain-mapping-on-groups
# A few proofs of properties of a certain mapping on groups This is my first time using Stack Exchange, but it looks like a good resource. I am here to ask a couple questions about my homework. We're working from the latest edition of Abstract Algebra by Herstein. This is problem #3 from p. 73 of that book, and it rea...
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http://mathhelpforum.com/advanced-algebra/175426-linear-algebra-cryptography.html
# Thread: 1. ## Linear Algebra in Cryptography So... each letter from A to Z corresponds to a number 0 to 25. Now I want to find the pairs (x,y) such that in $\mathbb{Z}_{26}$, $\begin{bmatrix} 8 & 3\\ 1 & 7 \end{bmatrix} \begin{bmatrix} x\\ y \end{bmatrix} = \begin{bmatrix} x\\ y \end{bmatrix}$ And we are only tol...
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http://physics.stackexchange.com/questions/17552/what-are-some-interesting-calculus-of-variation-problems
# What are some interesting calculus of variation problems? [closed] That I could create as a classical mechanics class project? Other than the classical examples that we see in textbooks (catenary, brachistochrone, Fermat, etc..) - 1 As this is a list-making question I am converting it to Community wiki consistent ...
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http://spikedmath.com/forum/viewtopic.php?p=662
# Spiked Math Forums Where math geeks unite to discuss math and more math! ## Piles of Coins Have an interesting puzzle? Let's hear it! 7 posts • Page 1 of 1 ### Piles of Coins by DeathRowKitty » Tue Feb 15, 2011 7:46 am Before getting to the puzzle, there are a few things I would like to mention about it: 1. If ...
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http://physics.stackexchange.com/questions/36412/what-gives-matter-gravitational-mass?answertab=active
# What gives matter Gravitational Mass? [duplicate] Possible Duplicate: Does the equivalence between inertial and gravitational mass imply anything about the Higgs mechanism? In Higgs mechanism, Higgs field, which likes syrup, slows down particles when they passing through. So it seems Higgs field gives particles ine...
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http://mathhelpforum.com/math-topics/32626-need-some-help-alevel-maths.html
# Thread: 1. ## need some help in Alevel maths hey everyone i have attached the problems i will try to see what how u guys can solve them and later i will ask questions thanks a lot. Attached Thumbnails 2. Originally Posted by carlasader hey everyone i have attached the problems i will try to see what how u guys can...
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http://physics.stackexchange.com/questions/38013/cramers-rule-origin-of-quarks-fractional-electric-charge
# Cramer's rule, Origin of Quarks Fractional electric charge? [closed] In linear algebra, Cramer's rule is an explicit formula for the solution of a system of linear equations with as many equations as unknowns. 2u+1d=1 1u+2d=0 $$a_1d+b_1u=c_1$$ $$a_2d+b_2u=c_2$$ $$u=\frac {c_1b_2-c_2b_1}{a_1b_2-a_2b_1}$$ $$d=\frac ...
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http://mathoverflow.net/questions/18848/extensional-theorems-mostly-used-intensionally/29775
## Extensional theorems mostly used intensionally ### Remember to vote up questions/answers you find interesting or helpful (requires 15 reputation points) Some theorems are stated and proved extensionally, but in practice are almost always used intensionally. Let me give an example to make this clear -- integration ...
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http://math.stackexchange.com/questions/92831/how-can-i-prove-that-the-additive-group-of-rationals-is-not-isomorphic-to-a-dire
# How can I prove that the additive group of rationals is not isomorphic to a direct product of two nontrivial groups? I am working through Paolo Aluffi's new GSM text on my own (self-study). On page 63, he asks the reader to Prove that $\Bbb{Q}$ is not the direct product of two nontrivial groups. For some context, ...
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http://motls.blogspot.com/2012/07/poincare-disk.html?m=0
# The Reference Frame ## Monday, July 16, 2012 ... ///// ### Poincaré disk Almost everyone knows the sphere. However, the fame of a close cousin of the spherical geometry, the hyperbolic geometry, is much more limited. How many people know what is the Poincaré disk, for example? Using the politically correct speec...
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http://mathoverflow.net/questions/22735/analytic-functions-over-fields-other-than-real-or-complex-numbers/22744
## Analytic Functions over Fields other than Real or Complex Numbers ### Remember to vote up questions/answers you find interesting or helpful (requires 15 reputation points) Let K denote either the field of real numbers or the complex fields. An analytic function over $K^n$ is a function that can be represented loca...
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http://math.stackexchange.com/questions/13793/are-the-rationals-minus-a-point-homeomorphic-to-the-rationals/13796
# Are the rationals minus a point homeomorphic to the rationals? A while ago I was dreaming up point-set topology exam questions, and this one came to mind: Is $\mathbb Q\setminus \{0\}$ homeomorphic to $\mathbb Q$? (Where both sets have the subspace topology induced from the standard topology on $\mathbb R$.) Howev...
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http://unapologetic.wordpress.com/2012/01/11/gauss-law/?like=1&source=post_flair&_wpnonce=966197e62c
# The Unapologetic Mathematician ## Gauss’ Law Rather than do any more messy integrals for special cases we will move to a more advanced fact about the electric field. We start with Coulomb’s law: $\displaystyle E(r)=\frac{1}{4\pi\epsilon_0}\frac{q}{\lvert r\rvert^3}r$ and we replace our point charge $q$ with a cha...
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http://quant.stackexchange.com/questions/1027/how-are-correlation-and-cointegration-related/1030
How are correlation and cointegration related? In what ways (and under what circumstances) are correlation and cointegration related, if at all? One difference is that one usually thinks of correlation in terms of returns and cointegration in terms of price. Another issue is the different measures of correlation (Pear...
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http://unapologetic.wordpress.com/2012/08/08/special-linear-lie-algebras/?like=1&_wpnonce=dee27eefe3
# The Unapologetic Mathematician ## Special Linear Lie Algebras More examples of Lie algebras! Today, an important family of linear Lie algebras. Take a vector space $V$ with dimension $\mathrm{dim}(V)=l+1$ and start with $\mathfrak{gl}(V)$. Inside this, we consider the subalgebra of endomorphisms whose trace is zer...
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http://physics.stackexchange.com/questions/30658/does-light-photons-have-jerk
# Does light photons have jerk While searching in web regarding whether rate of change of acceleration is possible or not; i came across the concept of jerk.I want to know whether light which can be accelerated can also have jerk or not? - -1: This is not a good question. The answer is "sort of". – Ron Maimon Jun 23...
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http://www.citizendia.org/Correlation_function
Correlation functions contain information about the distribution of points or events, or things across some space/time. A very simple example of a correlation function is the following: Given the existence of a point at a position X in some space, what is the probability of there being another point at a second positi...
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http://math.stackexchange.com/questions/19834/find-f-a-explaining-in-english?answertab=active
# “Find $f '(a)$” explaining in english Find $f '(a)$, $f(x) = \frac{x^2 + 1}{x - 5}$ $f'(a)=$ [answer box here] I understand that $f'(a)$ is the derivative, but i don't understand what the derivative is. Or how to solve this. I am used to finding a tangent slope with two points. This one doesn't have that. So i don...
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http://math.stackexchange.com/questions/4833/does-noncompact-manifold-or-orbifold-have-the-homotopy-type-of-cw-complex
# Does noncompact manifold or orbifold have the homotopy type,of CW complex? I forget for a while, we don't need the compactness condition here right? - – yasmar Apr 14 '12 at 21:14 ## 2 Answers According to The Topology of CW-Complexes by Lundell and Weingram (Van Nostrand Reinhold, 1969) the answer is yes for (s...
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http://www.physicsforums.com/showthread.php?p=4183143
Physics Forums Page 2 of 2 < 1 2 Recognitions: Science Advisor ## intuition about definition of laplace transform Instead of getting tied in knots about how the transform works, it might be better to learn what the s-plane represents - for example what the locations of poles and zeros mean for the dynamic beh...
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http://deltaepsilons.wordpress.com/tag/riemannian-metrics/
# Delta Epsilons Mathematical research and problem solving ## The test case: flat Riemannian manifoldsNovember 12, 2009 Posted by Akhil Mathew in differential geometry, MaBloWriMo. Tags: curvature tensor, flat manifolds, Riemannian metrics, test case 1 comment so far Recall that two Riemannian manifolds ${M,N}$ are...
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http://mathoverflow.net/revisions/40268/list
## Return to Question 3 edited tags 2 added 3 characters in body This is a heuristic question that I think was once asked by Serge Lang. The gaussian: $e^{-x^2}$ appears as the fixed point to the Fourier Transformtransform, in the punchline to the central limit theorem, as the solution to the heat equation, in a very...
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http://math.stackexchange.com/questions/29276/why-do-4-circles-cover-the-surface-of-a-sphere?answertab=active
Why do 4 circles cover the surface of a sphere? Is there a geometric explanation for why a sphere has surface area $4 \pi r^2$ ? Ie equal to 4 times its cross-section (a circle of radius r). - 2 – please delete me Mar 27 '11 at 13:16 I would add to the comment of Eivind: the map from the cylinder to the sphere given...
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http://physics.stackexchange.com/questions/tagged/potential?sort=unanswered&pagesize=15
# Tagged Questions The potential tag has no wiki summary. 1answer 151 views ### Electric field of a flat metal plate and a point particle I'm currently studying electric potential, and I'm having trouble with one of the problems on my homework: A) A point particle with charge $+q$ is on the x-axis at a distance $d$...
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http://www.physicsforums.com/showthread.php?p=4020243
Physics Forums Recognitions: Science Advisor integration techniques and Cauchy prinicpal value Is there a good reference that summarizes what common integration techniques (e.g. change of variables, integration by parts, interchange of the order of integration) can be used on integrands when one is calculating the C...
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http://mathoverflow.net/questions/46505/how-to-solve-a-quadratic-equation-in-characteristic-2/46506
How to solve a quadratic equation in characteristic 2 ? Remember to vote up questions/answers you find interesting or helpful (requires 15 reputation points) What do I do if I have to solve the usual quadratic equation $X^2+bX+c=0$ where $b,c$ are in a field of characteristic 2? As pointed in the comments, it can be ...
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http://www.reference.com/browse/Constraint+store
Definitions # Constraint satisfaction In artificial intelligence and operations research, constraint satisfaction is the process of finding a solution to a set of constraints that impose conditions that the variables must satisfy. A solution is therefore a vector of variables that satisfies all constraints. The tech...
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http://www.ams.org/bookstore?fn=20&arg1=survseries&ikey=SURV-79
New Titles  |  FAQ  |  Keep Informed  |  Review Cart  |  Contact Us Quick Search (Advanced Search ) Browse by Subject General Interest Logic & Foundations Number Theory Algebra & Algebraic Geometry Discrete Math & Combinatorics Ana...
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http://mathoverflow.net/questions/87567?sort=votes
## A special ribbon graph presents a cylinder. ### Remember to vote up questions/answers you find interesting or helpful (requires 15 reputation points) I am reading "Quantum Invariants of Knots and 3-Manifolds" by Turaev. I have a dificulty to understand the proof of Lemma 2.6 on page 172. The lemma says that a spe...
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http://projecteuclid.org/DPubS?service=UI&version=1.0&verb=Display&handle=euclid.aop/1176996559
### The Optimal Reward Operator in Special Classes of Dynamic Programming Problems David A. Freedman Source: Ann. Probab. Volume 2, Number 5 (1974), 942-949. #### Abstract Consider a dynamic programming problem with separable metric state space $S$, constraint set $A$, and reward function $r(x, P, y)$ for $(x, P)\in...
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http://physics.stackexchange.com/questions/45188/what-is-curie-weiss-temperature?answertab=active
# What is Curie-Weiss temperature? What is Curie-Weiss temperature? What is the difference between Curie-Weiss temperature and Curie temperature? - ## 2 Answers The Curie temperature or Curie point is the temperature at which a ferromagnetic or a ferri-magnetic material becomes paramagnetic when heated. The effect ...
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http://mathoverflow.net/revisions/12319/list
## Return to Answer Post Made Community Wiki by 002 1 Tung, S. H. Bernstein's theorem for the polydisc. Proc. Amer. Math. Soc. 85 (1982), no. 1, 73--76. MR0647901 (83h:32017) (from MR review): Let $P(z)$ be a polynomial of degree $N$ in $z=(z_1,\cdots,z_m)$; suppose that $|P(z)|\leq 1$ for $z\in U^m$; then $\|DP(z)\...
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http://unapologetic.wordpress.com/2011/07/19/the-exterior-derivative-is-nilpotent/?like=1&_wpnonce=67418a1937
# The Unapologetic Mathematician ## The Exterior Derivative is Nilpotent One extremely important property of the exterior derivative is that $d(d\omega)=0$ for all exterior forms $\omega$. This is only slightly less messy to prove than the fact that $d$ is a derivation. But since it’s so extremely important, we soldi...
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http://mathoverflow.net/questions/60441/the-multiplicative-order-of-2-modulo-primes/114114
## The multiplicative order of 2 modulo primes ### Remember to vote up questions/answers you find interesting or helpful (requires 15 reputation points) Artin's Conjecture says that any positive integer, which is not a square, is a primitive root modulo infinitely many primes. Christopher Hooley gave in • Hooley, Ch...
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coriolis_effect
# Coriolis effect For the psychophysical perception effect, see Coriolis effect (perception). In the inertial frame of reference (upper part of the picture), the black object moves in a straight line. However, the observer (red dot) who is standing in the rotating/non-inertial frame of reference (lower part of the pic...
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http://mathoverflow.net/revisions/55490/list
## Return to Answer 1 [made Community Wiki] Minkowski's lower bound for density of sphere packings in $\mathbb{R}^n$: take any sphere packing where you can't cram in any more spheres. Then doubling the size of the spheres must cover all space, which gives a lower bound of $\frac{1}{2^n}$.
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http://crypto.stackexchange.com/questions/3321/additive-elgamal-cryptosystem-using-a-finite-field?answertab=votes
# Additive ElGamal cryptosystem using a finite field I'm trying to implement a modified version of the ElGamal cryptosystem as specified by Cramer et al. in "A secure and optimally efficient multi-authority election scheme", which possesses additive homomorphism between ciphertexts, as opposed to the original version,...
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http://www.reference.com/browse/Bayes%2C+Thomas
Definitions Nearby Words # Bayes, Thomas Bayes, Thomas, 1702-61, English clergyman and mathematician. The son of a Nonconformist minister, he was privately educated and earned his livelihood as a minister to the Nonconformist community at Tunbridge Wells. Although he wrote on theology, e.g., Divine Benevolence (1731)...
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http://psychology.wikia.com/wiki/Graph_theory
Graph theory Talk0 31,736pages on this wiki Assessment | Biopsychology | Comparative | Cognitive | Developmental | Language | Individual differences | Personality | Philosophy | Social | Methods | Statistics | Clinical | Educational | Industrial | Professional items | World psychology | Statistics: Scientific method...
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http://mathhelpforum.com/pre-calculus/187454-few-questions-involving-square-roots-inequalities.html
# Thread: 2. ## re: A few questions involving square roots and inequalities For the first one, $\displaystyle \sqrt{x - 1}$ is not equal to $\displaystyle \sqrt{x} - 1$. You should start by squaring both sides. 3. ## re: A few questions involving square roots and inequalities Originally Posted by juliak For the l...
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http://slawekk.wordpress.com/tag/haskell/
# Formalized Mathematics Just another WordPress.com weblog ## Posts Tagged ‘Haskell’ ### Gowers and Ganesalingam May 12, 2013 There is a series of posts at the Timothy Gowers’s blog about software that can “solve mathematical problems” which he has been working on with Mohan Ganesalingam for the last three years. ...
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http://physics.stackexchange.com/questions/1544/nonlinear-optics-as-gauge-theory
Nonlinear optics as gauge theory the widely used approach to nonlinear optics is a Taylor expansion of the dielectric displacement field $\mathbf{D} = \epsilon_0\cdot\mathbf{E} + \mathbf{P}$ in a Fourier representation of the polarization $\mathbf{P}$ in terms of the dielectric susceptibility $\mathcal{X}$: $\mathbf{...
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http://mathhelpforum.com/trigonometry/2586-just-another-trivial-problem.html
# Thread: 1. ## Just another trivial problem Hello, i hope you can help me with this trivial problem(i hope) Determine the the equation for the tangent to the curve y=tan x/x at the given point of ((pi/4),(4/pi)) Is it just the orinary y-y1=k(x-x1) formulae we need to use or is it different this time? Thank you, ...
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http://johncarlosbaez.wordpress.com/2013/02/12/nash-equilibria/
# Azimuth ## Nash Equilibria As you know if you’ve been reading this blog lately, I’m teaching game theory. I could use some help. Is there a nice elementary proof of the existence of Nash equilibria for 2-person games? Here’s the theorem I have in mind. Suppose $A$ and $B$ are $m \times n$ matrices of real numbers...
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http://mathhelpforum.com/calculus/124864-clarification-definite-integrals.html
# Thread: 1. ## Clarification on Definite Integrals Hello, and thanks in advance for your help. The problem I'm facing is to integrate by parts the following function: lnx/x^2 with the interval of integration being from 1 to 2. I don't think I need a full solution, it's just that after I do the integration by part...
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http://gilkalai.wordpress.com/2009/12/03/why-planar-graphs-are-so-exceptional/?like=1&source=post_flair&_wpnonce=8149a33672
Gil Kalai’s blog ## Why are Planar Graphs so Exceptional Posted on December 3, 2009 by Harrison Brown asked the problem “Why are planar graphs  so exceptional” over mathoverflow, and I was happy to read it since it is a problem I have often thought about over the years, as I am sure have  many combinatorialsists and...
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http://physics.stackexchange.com/questions/45647/rayleigh-benard-convection?answertab=votes
# Rayleigh-Benard Convection I found this nice paper about RB convection. However I am confused by what is going on page 6. In particular why we are suddenly using Helmholtz equation to find spatially periodic solutions. Aren't we working with convection, so why are we looking at it from a wave like point of view? Or ...
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http://math.stackexchange.com/questions/24854/what-are-the-issues-in-modern-set-theory/25476
What are the issues in modern set theory? This is spurred by the comments to my answer here. I'm unfamiliar with set theory beyond Cohen's proof of the independence of the continuum hypothesis from ZFC. In particular, I haven't witnessed any real interaction between set-theoretic issues and the more conventional math ...
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http://www.sagemath.org/doc/bordeaux_2008/nf_orders.html
# Orders and Relative Extensions¶ ## Orders in Number Fields¶ An order in a number field $$K$$ is a subring of $$K$$ whose rank over $$\ZZ$$ equals the degree of $$K$$. For example, if $$K=\QQ(\sqrt{-1})$$, then $$\ZZ[7i]$$ is an order in $$K$$. A good first exercise is to prove that every element of an order is an a...
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http://mathoverflow.net/questions/89423/peter-weyl-theorem-as-proven-in-cartiers-primer/89429
## Peter-Weyl theorem as proven in Cartier’s Primer ### Remember to vote up questions/answers you find interesting or helpful (requires 15 reputation points) I'm reading Pierre Cartier's A primer of Hopf algebras to educate myself. In its subsection 3.3 (which doesn't need any Hopf algebra theory), he sketches a proo...
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http://wiki.panotools.org/index.php?title=Lens_correction_model&oldid=14463
# Lens correction model From PanoTools.org Wiki Revision as of 18:51, 30 November 2012 by Bronger (Talk | contribs) (diff) ← Older revision | Latest revision (diff) | Newer revision → (diff) ## Lens correction model The panorama tools have a very flexible model to correct for typical geometrical lens errors. Even b...
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http://nrich.maths.org/7074/note
### Cubic Spin Prove that the graph of f(x) = x^3 - 6x^2 +9x +1 has rotational symmetry. Do graphs of all cubics have rotational symmetry? ### Sine Problem In this 'mesh' of sine graphs, one of the graphs is the graph of the sine function. Find the equations of the other graphs to reproduce the pattern. ### Parabol...
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http://physics.stackexchange.com/questions/27587/higgs-mass-and-the-hierarchy-problem
# Higgs mass and the hierarchy problem I was wondering what is the opinion about importance of the hierarchy problem in the hep community? I'm still a student and I don't really understand, why there is so much attention around this issue. 1 loop corrections to the Higgs mass are divergent - in the cut-off regulariza...
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http://crypto.stackexchange.com/users/1564/henrick-hellstrom?tab=activity&sort=comments&page=5
# Henrick Hellström reputation 1311 bio website location age member for 1 year, 3 months seen 1 hour ago profile views 29 | | | bio | visits | | | |-------------|------------------|---------|----------|------------|------------------| | ...
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http://lucatrevisan.wordpress.com/tag/sat/
in theory "Marge, I agree with you - in theory. In theory, communism works. In theory." -- Homer Simpson # Tag Archive You are currently browsing the tag archive for the ‘SAT’ tag. ## Bounded Independence, AC0, and Random 3SAT January 23, 2009 in theory | Tags: Mark Braverman, Pseudorandomness, SAT | 18 comments ...
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