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http://www.all-science-fair-projects.com/science_fair_projects_encyclopedia/Qubit
# All Science Fair Projects ## Science Fair Project Encyclopedia for Schools! Search    Browse    Forum  Coach    Links    Editor    Help    Tell-a-Friend    Encyclopedia    Dictionary # Science Fair ...
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http://mathhelpforum.com/number-theory/121271-basic-number-theory.html
# Thread: 1. ## Basic number theory I just started self learning basic number theory so please excuse me for any noob questions: 1. Prove that the fraction $%5Cfrac%7Bn%5E3+2n%7D%7Bn%5E4+3n%5E2+1%7D$ is in lowest terms for every positive integer $%5Cmbox%7Bn%7D$ 2. Let $%5C%7Ba,b,c%5C%7D%20%5Cin%20%5Cmathbb%7BN%7D$...
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http://unapologetic.wordpress.com/2007/08/23/internal-hom-functors/?like=1&source=post_flair&_wpnonce=eb8d9d939c
# The Unapologetic Mathematician ## Internal Hom Functors As Todd Trimble pointed out, things get really nice when a category is enriched over itself. That is, the morphisms from one object to another in $\mathcal{V}$ themselves have the structure of an object of $\mathcal{V}$. This trivially the case for $\mathbf{Se...
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http://www.impan.pl/cgi-bin/dict?indicate
## indicate [see also: demonstrate, show, point, express, convey, suggest, mark] ......, where the prime indicates that only terms with $p>0$ may appear. We shall write “a.e. $[\omega]$” whenever clarity requires that the measure be indicated. We now indicate some of the inherent difficulties. The proof will only ...
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http://mathhelpforum.com/algebra/118653-finding-polynomials.html
# Thread: 1. ## Finding polynomials Hello, I cant figure this problem out for the life of me. Could someone help me? Find the polynomial P(x) of degree 4 with integer coefficients, and zeroes $3-2i$ and 3 with 3, a zero of multiplicity of 2. Thanks in advance... 2. Originally Posted by Godzilla Hello, I cant figur...
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http://roy-t.nl/index.php/tag/computing-science/
## Thesis: upper sets in partially ordered sets Today I finally finished my thesis. It’s topic was to count the number of upper sets in partially ordered sets Which is quite a hard problem since it’s in the complexity class #P-Complete (that’s the class of counting the solutions to the decision problems in NP-complete...
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http://mathoverflow.net/questions/90464/uniqueness-of-equilibrium-from-infinite-strategies
## Uniqueness of equilibrium from infinite strategies ### Remember to vote up questions/answers you find interesting or helpful (requires 15 reputation points) I took the following game from the Peter Winkler collection (chapter "Games"): Two numbers are chosen independently at random from the uniform distribution o...
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http://mathoverflow.net/questions/87649/curvatures-of-contours-of-solutions-of-3d-poissons-equation
## Curvatures of contours of solutions of 3d Poisson’s equation ### Remember to vote up questions/answers you find interesting or helpful (requires 15 reputation points) Let $f(x,y,z)$ be a complex function in a 3d euclidian space that fulfill the Poisson's equation $$\frac{\partial^2}{\partial x^2} f + \frac{\partia...
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http://physics.stackexchange.com/questions/39456/the-z-torque-how-can-it-be-shown-intuitively-that-it-does-not-work/52398
# The Z-Torque: how can it be shown intuitively that it does not work? There is a new kickstarter project that claims to increase torque and power compared to a normal crank on a bicycle (Z-Torque on kickstarter). If this patented (US Patent Number 5899119) approach works it would be a revolution for personal transpor...
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http://physics.stackexchange.com/questions/3861/how-do-we-resolve-operator-ordering-ambiguities-when-quantizing-generic-nonlinea?answertab=oldest
# How do we resolve operator ordering ambiguities when quantizing generic nonlinear second-class constraints? Dirac came up with a general theory of constraints, including second-class constraints. To quantize such systems, he first computed the Dirac bracket classically, and only then "promoted" the classical Dirac b...
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http://math.stackexchange.com/questions/237292/are-all-4-regular-graphs-hamiltonian?answertab=active
# Are all $4$-regular graphs Hamiltonian It is easy to show that all connected $2$-regular graphs are Hamiltonian. The Petersen graph is a $3$-regular graph that is not Hamiltonian. Are there any $4$ regular graphs that are not Hamiltonian? Thank you - Thank you all. I up voted all answers. – Amr Nov 14 '12 at 20:4...
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http://math.stackexchange.com/questions/316206/two-bags-of-colored-marbles-different-colors-is-each-bag-how-many-combinations
# Two bags of colored marbles, different colors is each bag, how many combinations of complete pairings? I've reduced a different problem I have to something that can be explained as below, but I'm not sure how to solve this last part. Assume there are two bags of colored marbles. Any color in the first bag will not ...
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http://math.stackexchange.com/questions/252632/the-importance-of-parallel-arrows-in-a-commutative-square/252993
# The importance of parallel arrows in a commutative square I noticed that whenever there is a commutative square, the relation it imposes on parallel morphisms is usually very important (e.g. natural transformations, pullbacks). In contrast, there's usually almost nothing to be said about the consecutive morphisms in...
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http://mathoverflow.net/questions/83363/is-there-a-nice-application-of-category-theory-to-functional-complex-harmonic-ana
## Is there a nice application of category theory to functional/complex/harmonic analysis? ### Remember to vote up questions/answers you find interesting or helpful (requires 15 reputation points) [Title changed, and wording of question tweaked, by YC, because the original title asked a question which seems different...
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http://unapologetic.wordpress.com/2008/11/18/the-category-of-representations-of-a-hopf-algebra/?like=1&source=post_flair&_wpnonce=8149a33672
# The Unapologetic Mathematician ## The Category of Representations of a Hopf Algebra It took us two posts, but we showed that the category of representations of a Hopf algebra $H$ has duals. This is on top of our earlier result that the category of representations of any bialgebra $B$ is monoidal. Let’s look at this...
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http://gilkalai.wordpress.com/2009/09/21/eran-nevo-the-g-conjecture-iii-algebraic-shifting/?like=1&source=post_flair&_wpnonce=756b7883e4
Gil Kalai’s blog ## (Eran Nevo) The g-Conjecture III: Algebraic Shifting Posted on September 21, 2009 by This is the third in a series of posts by Eran Nevo on the g-conjecture. Eran’s first post was devoted to the combinatorics of the g-conjecture and was followed by a further post by me on the origin of the g-conj...
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http://math.stackexchange.com/questions/264355/forecasting-lottery/264360
# Forecasting Lottery I do understand that all lottery has a negative mathematical expectation but I am wondering, if we have a set of historical data of the winning numbers, is it possible to increase the winning chance? I also do understand that each round is a independent event but according to this theory where y...
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http://math.stackexchange.com/questions/250687/quasi-linear-time-fully-homomorphic-encryption-using-p-adic-ring-homomorphism
# Quasi-linear time fully homomorphic encryption using p-adic ring homomorphism I recently encountered a breakthrough in FHE crypto, which claims to have a literally quasi-linear time FHE without any "lambda" factor in the keys and no noise in the cipher-text. This fully homomorphic encryption works like for addition...
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http://nrich.maths.org/6507
### Ball Bearings If a is the radius of the axle, b the radius of each ball-bearing, and c the radius of the hub, why does the number of ball bearings n determine the ratio c/a? Find a formula for c/a in terms of n. ### Air Routes Find the distance of the shortest air route at an altitude of 6000 metres between Lond...
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http://math.stackexchange.com/questions/182639/the-euler-characteristic-of-s1-a-paradox
# The Euler characteristic of S1: a paradox The Euler characteristic of $S^1$ should be equal to that of a triangle, the two being homeomorphic to each other. But it is $1$ for the triangle and zero for $S^1$; how does it make sense? - 9 how are you getting that a triangle has euler characteristic 1? – Eric O. Korma...
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http://mathoverflow.net/questions/62509/integral-identity-for-legendre-polynomials
## Integral identity for Legendre polynomials ### Remember to vote up questions/answers you find interesting or helpful (requires 15 reputation points) How does one prove the following integral identity, where $P_n(x)$ is the $n$th Legendre polynomial? ```$$ \int_0^1 P_n(2t^2-1) dt = \frac{(-1)^n}{2n+1} $$``` ### N...
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http://math.stackexchange.com/questions/45418/solving-left-frac-2x-64-right-le-5-for-x?answertab=oldest
# Solving $\left| \frac{-2x-6}{4} \right| \le 5$ for $x$ Say I have a statement like: $$\left| \frac{-2x-6}{4} \right| \le 5.$$ And I want to find the closed interval form of $x$. i.e. I want to know what the maximum and minimum $x$ can be. How do I do this? - ## 3 Answers You can get rid of the - inside of the a...
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http://mathoverflow.net/questions/tagged/characters
## Tagged Questions 3answers 253 views ### Characters of p-groups Berkovich mentioned the following result of Mann in his book on p-groups: The number of nonlinear irreducible characters of given degree in a p-group is divided by p-1. Do you kn … 1answer 146 views ### Permutation character of the symmetric group on...
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http://mathoverflow.net/questions/47474/function-that-sums-to-zero-over-cube-vertices
## function that sums to zero over cube vertices ### Remember to vote up questions/answers you find interesting or helpful (requires 15 reputation points) Does anyone have an answer to the three-dimensional analogue of the 2009 Putnam Competition A1 problem, viz., if $f\colon \mathbb{R}^3 \rightarrow \mathbb{R}$ sati...
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http://math.stackexchange.com/questions/220462/conformal-relation-for-2-dim-lorentz-space-times
# Conformal relation for 2-dim Lorentz space-times I have two 2-dimensional space-times ($\mathbb{S}^1\times\mathbb{R}$) with signature $(-,+)$. One of them is flat the other one has non-vanishing curvature (Riemann tensor), both have vanishing Ricci tensor. But they seem to have a similar global and causal structure....
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydrostatic_pressure
# Fluid statics (Redirected from Hydrostatic pressure) Table of Hydraulics and Hydrostatics, from the 1728 Cyclopaedia Fluid statics or hydrostatics is the branch of fluid mechanics that studies fluids at rest. It embraces the study of the conditions under which fluids are at rest in stable equilibrium; and is contra...
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http://mathoverflow.net/questions/12606/universal-covering-space-of-wedge-products
## Universal Covering Space of Wedge Products ### Remember to vote up questions/answers you find interesting or helpful (requires 15 reputation points) Today I was studying for a qualifying exam, and I came up with the following question; Is there a simple description in terms of the subspaces universal covers for t...
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http://mathoverflow.net/revisions/9076/list
## Return to Answer 2 added 842 characters in body Let's assume the characteristic is $0$. Let $R$ be a normal $N$-graded ring of dimension 2 with homogenous maximal ideal $m$. Then $R$ has rational singularity if and only if the non-negative degrees part of the graded local cohomology module $H_m(R)$ vanish. That i...
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http://physics.stackexchange.com/questions/38297/the-radius-of-the-universe-and-time/38303
# The radius of the universe and time Ok - fair warning - Non-physicist asking dumb-assed questions here again. I've been reading a lot of Einstein, Feynmann, Ferris etc. I'm just loving this stuff. But I suddenly found myself looking at the 4-D sphere concept of our expanding universe, as well as the distortion of s...
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http://mathoverflow.net/questions/97058?sort=oldest
## Do fixed point sets in equivariant crepant resolutions have the same cohomology? How about for the specific case of Nakajima quiver varieties? ### Remember to vote up questions/answers you find interesting or helpful (requires 15 reputation points) A crepant resolution $f:Y\to X$ is a resolution of singularities ...
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http://mathhelpforum.com/calculus/130236-integrating-volume.html
# Thread: 1. ## Integrating a volume We just started today and a problem I have is... Write a Riemann sum and then a definite integral representing the volume of the region, using the slice shown in the figure below. Evaluate the integral exactly. Use your work to answer the questions below. What is the approximate...
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http://mathoverflow.net/questions/10941?sort=votes
## elementary classification of artinian rings ### Remember to vote up questions/answers you find interesting or helpful (requires 15 reputation points) this may be too elementary for mathoverflow, but I'll give it a try. rings are commutative here. it is well-known that every $0$-dimensional noetherian ring is arti...
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http://math.stackexchange.com/users/14480/jowen?tab=activity&sort=comments
# JOwen reputation 8 bio website location age member for 1 year, 9 months seen 2 hours ago profile views 6 | | | bio | visits | | | |----------|----------------|---------|----------|-------------|------------------| | | 170 reputation ...
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http://www.physicsforums.com/showthread.php?p=4171732
Physics Forums Recognitions: Gold Member ## Fourth order PDE Hi guys! This is not a homework question, it was a question on my test a few days ago. I could not solve it. Out of memory, the problem was a rod of length L with an end fixed in a wall and the other end free. Its motion satisfies the PDE ##a^4\frac{\parti...
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http://www.haskell.org/haskellwiki/index.php?title=User:Michiexile/MATH198/Lecture_6&diff=31243&oldid=31242
# User:Michiexile/MATH198/Lecture 6 ### From HaskellWiki (Difference between revisions) | | | | ...
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http://cs.stackexchange.com/questions/1957/master-theorem-not-applicable
# Master theorem not applicable? Given the following recursive equation $$T(n) = 2T\left(\frac{n}{2}\right)+n\log n$$ we want to apply the Master theorem and note that $$n^{\log_2(2)} = n.$$ Now we check the first two cases for $\varepsilon > 0$, that is whether • $n\log n \in O(n^{1-\varepsilon})$ or • $n\log n \...
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http://mathoverflow.net/questions/101536?sort=oldest
## is there a solution to system of linear Diophantine equations? ### Remember to vote up questions/answers you find interesting or helpful (requires 15 reputation points) I have a matrix A \in Z^{n \by m}, where m > n and a vector b \in Z^n. Then, under what conditions does an integer solution exist to the equation ...
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http://physics.stackexchange.com/questions/24534/noise-level-units-confusion?answertab=oldest
# noise level (units confusion) i had a question in one of my classes regarding SNR in underwater acoustic channels. There are a couple of terms with the unit `dB re uPa`. I know it stands for dB with reference to uPa but I am not exactly sure what it means. Can I convert it to dB. If yes, how? Thanks in advance!! -...
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http://particlephd.wordpress.com/2009/02/15/a-brief-introduction-to-instantons/
# High Energy PhDs A discussion of particle physics and strings February 15, 2009 ## A Brief Introduction to Instantons Posted by lanzr under Field Theory 1 Comment This brief instroduction is based on David Tong’s TASI Lectures on Solitons Lecture 1:Instantons. We’ll first talk about the instantons arise in SU(N...
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http://nanoexplanations.wordpress.com/2011/12/02/polygon-rectangulation-part-1-minimum-number-of-rectangles/
the blog of Aaron Sterling # Polygon rectangulation, part 1: Minimum number of rectangles Posted on December 2, 2011 Over the next few posts, I will consider problems of polygon rectangulation: given as input $P$ an orthogonal polygon (all interior angles are 90 or 270 degrees), decompose $P$ into adjacent, nonoverl...
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http://math.stackexchange.com/questions/116042/finding-the-component-of-a-vector-tangent-to-a-circle
# Finding the component of a vector tangent to a circle ## Problem Given a vector and a circle in a plane, I'm trying to find the component of the vector that is tangent to the circle. The location of the tangent vector is unimportant; I only need to know its magnitude and whether it is directed clockwise or counter ...
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http://physics.stackexchange.com/questions/20704/what-is-the-most-efficient-way-to-use-hand-dryer
# What is the most efficient way to use hand dryer? What's the most efficient way to place your hands under the hand dryer? Let's assume that dryer creates simple donward flow of hot air. Here are some examples: - The leftmost one. In the other two your hands are overlapped so that area isn't getting any hot air. ...
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http://math.stackexchange.com/questions/205482/what-is-the-fastest-algorithm-to-check-if-a-number-has-only-3-divisors
# What is the fastest algorithm to check if a number has only 3 divisors? Which is the fastest way to check if a number has only 3 unique factors ? Any help will be highly appreciated? - check it's a square of another prime? – Patrick Li Oct 1 '12 at 16:12 @PatrickLi: another? – Marc van Leeuwen Oct 1 '12 at 16:41 @...
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http://math.stackexchange.com/questions/19291/f1-fx-fx/19294
# $f(1-f(x))=f(x)$ Find all continuous $f:[0,1] \rightarrow [0,1]$ such that $f(1-f(x))=f(x)$. - 3 Why? What have you tried? – Matthew Conroy Jan 27 '11 at 23:20 $f(x) = 1-x$, $\forall x \in [0,1]$ or $f(x) = 0$, $\forall x \in [0,1]$ – user17762 Jan 27 '11 at 23:26 2 @bobokinks, it really looks like you are postin...
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http://mathhelpforum.com/advanced-statistics/174729-unbiased-estimators.html
# Thread: 1. ## unbiased estimators suppose that a random variable X has a geometric distribution (pq^x) for which the parameter p is unknown (0<p<1). Find a statistic that will be an unbiased estimator of 1/p Any help on this would be greatly appreciated, thank you so much 2. Do you have a sample or just one obser...
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http://electronics.stackexchange.com/questions/14708/maximise-q-factor-in-low-pass-sallen-and-key-filter?answertab=oldest
# Maximise Q factor in low pass Sallen and Key Filter How do I maximise the Q-factor of the low pass sallen and key design. I have this equation: $Q = \sqrt{ \frac {(R1 \times R2 \times C1 \times C2)} {R1 \times C1 \times (1-A) + (R1 \times C2) + (R2 \times C2)}}$ but I'm not sure of the best way to maximise it! - ...
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http://math.stackexchange.com/questions/81531/limits-of-integration-for-random-variable
# Limits of integration for random variable Suppose you have two random variables $X$ and $Y$. If $X \sim N(0,1)$, $Y \sim N(0,1)$ and you want to find k s.t. $\mathbb P(X+Y >k)=0.01$, how would you do this? I am having a hard time finding the limits of integration. How would you generalize $\mathbb P(X+Y+Z+\cdots > k...
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http://math.stackexchange.com/questions/9491/function-asymptotic-where-fx-fraca-o-frac1-sqrtxb-o-frac1
# function asymptotic where $f(x) = \frac{a + O(\frac{1}{\sqrt{x}})}{b + O(\frac{1}{\sqrt{x}})}$ If $a$ and $b$ are positive real numbers, and if $f(x)$ has the following asymptotic property $f(x) = \frac{a + O(\frac{1}{\sqrt{x}})}{b + O(\frac{1}{\sqrt{x}})}$ then is the following true? $f(x) = \frac{a}{b} + O(\fra...
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http://mathoverflow.net/revisions/18779/list
## Return to Answer 4 deleted 202 characters in body [EDIT: As Jim pointed out, I interpreted "semi-simple group" as "semi-simple Lie group." "Semi-simple group" actually has several different interpretations depending on what category you like.] The short answer is: no. In theory, there are explicit formulae for br...
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http://mathhelpforum.com/geometry/172440-triangle.html
# Thread: 1. ## Triangle Where does the square root 3 come from. I get the height to s^2 = H^2 + (s/2)^2 ==> H = s/2 ==> A = B * H (B = s ) so (S*S)/(2 * 2) ==> A = s^2 / 4 ,,,where do i get the square root 3. 2. Being able to see the triangle would be nice... 3. All sides are equal,,they are all s 4. Then use He...
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http://mathoverflow.net/questions/3559/colloquial-catchy-statements-encoding-serious-mathematics/104057
## Colloquial catchy statements encoding serious mathematics ### Remember to vote up questions/answers you find interesting or helpful (requires 15 reputation points) As the title says, please share colloquial statements that encode (in a non-rigorous way, of course) some nontrivial mathematical fact (or heuristic). ...
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http://mathoverflow.net/questions/62571/vague-question-on-pic0/62575
## Vague question on $Pic^0$ ### Remember to vote up questions/answers you find interesting or helpful (requires 15 reputation points) For a smooth variety $X$ when $Pic^0(X)$ is trivial, we get an isomorphism between $N^1(X)$ and Picard group and life become easier. My question is whether in general there are theor...
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http://mathoverflow.net/revisions/91869/list
2 edited tags 1 # closed set and z-ultrafilter on normal space Let $X$ be a completely regular, Hausdorff topological space and let $\cal F$ be a $z$-ultrafilter on $X$. Then for each zero set $W$ in $X$, either $W\in \cal F$ or there exists $Z\in \cal F$ such that $Z$ does not meet $W$ (this is the $z$-ultrafilter p...
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http://stats.stackexchange.com/questions/29477/how-to-write-a-linear-model-formula-with-100-variables-in-r/29483
# How to write a linear model formula with 100 variables in R Is there an easy way in R to create a linear regression over a model with 100 parameters in R? Let's say we have a vector Y with 10 values and a dataframe X with 10 columns and 100 rows In mathematical notation I would write `Y = X[[1]] + X[[2]] + ... + X[[...
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http://mathoverflow.net/questions/111066/is-there-any-techniques-for-solving-a-differential-equation-including-iterated-fu/111078
## Is there any techniques for solving a differential equation including iterated function? f ' (x) = f( f( x ) ) ### Remember to vote up questions/answers you find interesting or helpful (requires 15 reputation points) I am trying to solve this differential equation but I have no idea how. $f ' (x) = f( f( x ) )$ ...
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http://cs.stackexchange.com/questions/tagged/integers
# Tagged Questions Questions about properties of, working with and algorithms on integers. 1answer 44 views ### Algorithm to determine if a number is perfect on a Turing Machine I've been trying for a while now to find a solution for the problem in the title: determining if a number is perfect using a Turing Machin...
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http://math.stackexchange.com/questions/239207/hessian-matrix-of-a-quadratic-form
# Hessian matrix of a quadratic form I need a help with one example. I have to proove that hessian matrix of a quadratic form $f(x)=x^TAx$ is $f^{\prime\prime}(x) = A + A^T$. I am not even sure how the Jaxobian looks like (I never did one for $x \in R^n$). Thanks for any advice. - ## 2 Answers So let's compute the ...
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http://math.stackexchange.com/questions/184770/what-effect-does-multiplication-by-a-constant-have-on-a-functions-plot-in-gene
# What effect does multiplication by a constant have on a function's plot, in general? I am looking at the equation of a line and its plot. I can intuitively see what these operations do to the plot's form: adding a constant, multiplying by a constant, adding a parametrised value, etc. For some simple conic functions,...
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medial
Medial Medial magmas In abstract algebra, a medial magma (or medial groupoid) is a set with a binary operation which satisfies the identity $(x \cdot y) \cdot (u \cdot v) = (x \cdot u) \cdot (y \cdot v)$, or more simply, $xy\cdot uv = xu\cdot yv$ using the convention that juxtaposition denotes the same operation bu...
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http://mathoverflow.net/questions/38187/completeness-of-an-infinite-mixture-of-gaussians-representation
## Completeness of an “infinite mixture of gaussians” representation ### Remember to vote up questions/answers you find interesting or helpful (requires 15 reputation points) Is there a complete "infinite mixture of gaussians representation" for densities? What I mean is, is there, for any reasonably big class of den...
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http://math.stackexchange.com/questions/25739/maximal-multiplicative-set-implies-complement-is-a-prime-ideal
Maximal multiplicative set implies complement is a prime ideal Let $R$ be a commutative ring with identity. I've been trying to prove the following: If $M \subset R$, i.e. $M \neq R$, is a maximal multiplicative set, then $R \setminus M$ is a prime ideal of $R$. I have spent some time in it, but nothing is coming to...
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http://math.stackexchange.com/questions/222025/notation-for-the-set-of-all-polynomials-inconsistent-with-the-notation-of-a-subr?answertab=oldest
# Notation for the set of all polynomials inconsistent with the notation of a subring generated by a set Let $R$ be a ring and $S\subseteq R$. Then usually $R[S]$ denoted the subring generated by $S$ (especially in the context of field extensions I have seen this notation to be used). My question is: How is this nota...
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http://physics.stackexchange.com/questions/18739/question-based-on-galileos-law-of-falling-bodies/18741
# Question Based On Galileo's Law Of Falling Bodies Galileo discovered that the distance fallen is proportional to the square of the time it has been falling.Why is it proportional to the square of the time and not just time? i.e $d \propto t^2$ why not just $d \propto t$ I know this question involves some common sen...
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http://mathoverflow.net/questions/993/is-every-finite-group-a-group-of-symmetries/19541
## Is every finite group a group of “symmetries”? ### Remember to vote up questions/answers you find interesting or helpful (requires 15 reputation points) I was trying to explain finite groups to a non-mathematician, and was falling back on the "they're like symmetries of polyhedra" line. Which made me realize that ...
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http://physics.stackexchange.com/questions/27695/colour-decomposition-of-n-gluon-tree-amplitude
# Colour decomposition of $n-$gluon tree amplitude I have here a $SU(N_c)$ Yang-Mill's theory and let the index $i$, label the $n$-gluons, and $\{k_i, \lambda_i, a_i\}$ be its momenta, helicity and colour index and $\cal{A}_n^{tree/1-loop}(\{k_i, \lambda_i, a_i\})$ be the tree/1-loop-level amplitude for their scatteri...
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http://mathforum.org/mathimages/index.php?title=Polar_Coordinates&oldid=20647
# Polar Coordinates ### From Math Images Revision as of 10:28, 16 June 2011 by Kderosier (Talk | contribs) (diff) ←Older revision | Current revision (diff) | Newer revision→ (diff) Polar Coordinates are coordinates which locate points by their distance from the origin and their rotation from the positive x-axis. Tra...
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http://physics.stackexchange.com/questions/tagged/scattering+conservation-laws
# Tagged Questions 1answer 180 views ### Scattering problem: Finding the speed of the scatterer after collision A particle of mass $M$ moving in a straight line with speed $v$ collides with a stationary particle of the same mass. In the center of mass coordinate system, the first particle is deflected by 90 ... 1ans...
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http://mathhelpforum.com/calculus/89652-instantaneous-velocity-print.html
# Instantaneous Velocity Printable View • May 19th 2009, 07:44 AM bearhug Instantaneous Velocity A flare is shot up from the deck of a ship, the initial upward velocity of the flare is 30 m/s. The height of the flare is given by $h=-5t^{2}+30t+10$ The Question is: Determine the instantaneous velocity of the flare at...
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http://mathhelpforum.com/differential-geometry/129138-solved-application-cauchy-s-integral-formula.html
Thread: 1. [SOLVED] Application of Cauchy's Integral Formula Here's what I got (since $\frac{1}{2 - z} = \frac{-1}{z-2}$). The book says the answer is $2\pi i$, not $-2\pi i$. Who is right? 2. The book is right. Check you have got the right singularity. With "right" i mean the one who is inside your curve and appl...
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http://mathoverflow.net/questions/54071/dimensions-of-orbit-spaces/54131
## Dimensions of orbit spaces ### Remember to vote up questions/answers you find interesting or helpful (requires 15 reputation points) Let $G$ be a compact Lie group acting effectively on a compact, Hausdorff topological space $X$. I am looking for results of the type If $X$ is a ... and the action is ... then $\di...
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http://rjlipton.wordpress.com/2009/07/28/oblivious-turing-machines-and-a-crock/
## a personal view of the theory of computation by The Fischer-Pippenger Theorem, oblivious Turing Machines and a strange FOCS talk Michael Fischer has made a huge impact on at least two quite separate areas of complexity theory. In the first part of his career he made important and seminal contributions to the basi...
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http://physics.stackexchange.com/questions/tagged/electromagnetic-radiation+acoustics
# Tagged Questions 2answers 219 views ### Can light waves cause beats? My question is pretty brief. When two sound waves of nearly same frequencies interfere, we get beats. But, I have not observed something like that happening in the case of light. In fact, most of the ... 1answer 66 views ### Signal emission and ...
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http://unapologetic.wordpress.com/2010/04/30/measurable-extended-real-valued-functions/?like=1&source=post_flair&_wpnonce=a832ba55c5
# The Unapologetic Mathematician ## Measurable (Extended) Real-Valued Functions For a while, we’ll mostly be interested in real-valued functions with Lebesgue measure on the real line, and ultimately in using measure to give us a new and more general version of integration. When we couple this with our slightly weake...
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http://physics.stackexchange.com/questions/27898/curvature-of-spacetime-in-only-required-to-explain-tidal-forces/27918
# Curvature of spacetime in only required to explain tidal forces? I'm a bit confused about the equivalence principle in GR. I'm quoting from Wikipedia: An observer in an accelerated reference frame must introduce what physicists call fictitious forces to account for the acceleration experienced by himself and objec...
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http://mathoverflow.net/revisions/71206/list
2 edited tags 1 # Discrete-analytic functions I do not know if such concept already exists but lets consider functions which are equal to its Newton series. We know that functions which are equal to their Taylor series are called analytic, so lets call functions that are equal to their Newton series "discrete analyt...
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http://gilkalai.wordpress.com/2008/06/10/hellys-theorem-hypertrees-and-strange-enumeration-i/?like=1&source=post_flair&_wpnonce=81d32a40f7
Gil Kalai’s blog ## Helly’s Theorem, “Hypertrees”, and Strange Enumeration I Posted on June 10, 2008 by ### 1. Helly’s theorem and Cayley’s formula Helly’s theorem asserts: For a family of n convex sets in $R^d$, n > d, if every d+1 sets in the family have a point in common then all members in the family have a poi...
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http://mathoverflow.net/questions/34369/on-the-behaviour-of-sinn-pi-x-when-x-is-irrational/34372
## On the behaviour of $\sin(n!\pi x)$ when $x$ is irrational. ### Remember to vote up questions/answers you find interesting or helpful (requires 15 reputation points) Hi, I'm interested in the behaviour of the sequence $(\sin(n!\pi x))$, when $x$ is irrational, as $n$ tends to infinity. 1) Is the sequence dense in...
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http://physics.stackexchange.com/questions/25794/what-prevents-stars-in-globular-clusters-from-merging-over-time-to-form-a-black
# What prevents stars in globular clusters from merging over time to form a black hole? Globular clusters are apparently very very old, and the density of these clusters appears to increase as one approaches the center of a cluster. Orbits are bound to be chaotic, since there is no particular orbital plane, unlike a s...
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http://physics.stackexchange.com/questions/tagged/uncertainty-principle?sort=active&pagesize=30
# Tagged Questions This tag is for Heisenberg quantum mechanical uncertainty principle. 0answers 19 views ### Does quantum mechanics depend solely on electromagnetic waves? [duplicate] I am beginning to learn quantum mechanics. Since determining the position of an object involves probing by electromagnetic waves an...
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http://www.physicsforums.com/showthread.php?p=3761409
Physics Forums ## Help needed, converting weight to a falling force. Hey all, Just a quick overview of myself, I have recently started rock climbing (6 month) and I'm finding myself becoming more curious about the technical equipment involved. I'm finding it hard to word the questions I'm trying to find the answers ...
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http://mathoverflow.net/revisions/91685/list
## Return to Question 3 added 11 characters in body The odds of two random elements of a group commuting is the number of conjugacy classes of the group $$\frac{ \{ (g,h): ghg^{-1}h^{-1} = 1 \} }{ |G|^2} = \frac{c(G)}{|G|}$$ If this number exceeds 5/8, the group is Abelian (I forget which groups realize this bound)...
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http://mathoverflow.net/questions/97819?sort=votes
## Box-dual of a partition - what is it called? ### Remember to vote up questions/answers you find interesting or helpful (requires 15 reputation points) Fix natural numbers $n,m\in\mathbb{N}$. Given a partition $\lambda\vdash d$ with at most $n$ rows (and at most $m$ columns), we can define a partition $\lambda^\ast...
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http://physics.stackexchange.com/questions/46424/what-is-the-bump-near-m-mu-mu-approx-30-text-gev/46445
What is the 'bump' near $M_{\mu\mu}\approx 30\text{ GeV}$ In this (attached) Summer 2011 plot from CMS (twiki page), they have a plot of the dimuon invariant mass spectrum across 3 orders of magnitude in energy. There seems to be a 'bump' near $M_{\mu\mu}\approx 30\text{ GeV}$ which I have indicated in the plot. Does ...
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http://polymathprojects.org/2012/09/10/polymath7-research-threads-4-the-hot-spots-conjecture/?like=1&source=post_flair&_wpnonce=a75300a21d
# The polymath blog ## September 10, 2012 ### Polymath7 research threads 4: the Hot Spots Conjecture Filed under: hot spots,research — Terence Tao @ 7:28 pm It’s time for another rollover of the  Polymath7 “Hot Spots” conjecture, as the previous research thread has again become full. Activity has now focused on a ...
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http://math.stackexchange.com/questions/297482/integration-relation-between-2-integrals
Integration : relation between 2 integrals Let me define $J=\int_{0}^{1} \frac{\ln(t)\ln^{2}(1-t)}{t}dt$ and the function $g$ defined on $[0,1]$ : $g(x) = \int_{0}^{x} \frac{\ln(1-t)}{t}dt$ where $\ln^{2}(1-t)$ means $\ln(1-t) \times \ln(1-t)$. In the exercice I was trying to do, we first prove that for all $x \in ]0,...
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http://mathoverflow.net/questions/114333?sort=newest
## Maximal soluble subgroups in a parabolic subgroup of finite classical simple group ### Remember to vote up questions/answers you find interesting or helpful (requires 15 reputation points) Let $G$ be a classical simple group over a finite field $GF(q)$ and $P$ a parabolic subgroup of $G$ stabilizing an isotropic s...
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http://nrich.maths.org/2735
### Rotating Triangle What happens to the perimeter of triangle ABC as the two smaller circles change size and roll around inside the bigger circle? ### Pericut Two semicircle sit on the diameter of a semicircle centre O of twice their radius. Lines through O divide the perimeter into two parts. What can you say abo...
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http://math.stackexchange.com/questions/109032/singing-bird-problem/109048
# Singing Bird Problem For my algorithms class, the professor has this question as extra credit: ````The Phicitlius Bauber bird is believed to never sing the same song twice. Its songs are always 10 seconds in length and consist of a series of notes that are either high or low pitched and are either 1 or 2 seconds ...
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http://math.stackexchange.com/questions/187056/spotting-maximum-minimum-maximal-and-minimal-elements-in-a-poset/187062
# Spotting maximum, minimum, maximal and minimal elements in a poset Let $(\mathbb N^* \times \mathbb N^*, \varphi)$ be a poset defined as follows: $$\begin{aligned} (a,b)\varphi(c,d)\Leftrightarrow ab<cd \text{ or } (a,b) = (c,d)\end{aligned}$$ Check if $\varphi$ is a total order and determine maximum, minimum, max...
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Species_diversity
# Species diversity Species diversity is the effective number of different species that are represented in a collection of individuals (a dataset). The effective number of species refers to the number of equally-abundant species needed to obtain the same mean proportional species abundance as that observed in the data...
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http://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Page:Newton's_Principia_(1846).djvu/450
# Page:Newton's Principia (1846).djvu/450 From Wikisource 444 [Book III. the mathematical principles the sine of the mean inclination, to four times the radius; that is, seeing the mean inclination is about 5° 8½, as its sine 896 to 40000, the quadruple of the radius, or as 224 to 10000. But the whole variation cor...
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http://mathhelpforum.com/differential-geometry/207832-uniform-continuity.html
# Thread: |x| 2. ## Re: Uniform Continuity Originally Posted by lovesmath Prove that the function is uniformly continuous on the set of real numbers. f(x)=|x| I think I have to use the reverse triangle inequality, but I am not sure how to do it. There you have it. $\left| {\left| x \right| - \left| {x_0 } \right|} ...
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http://physics.stackexchange.com/questions/6530/rigor-in-quantum-field-theory
# Rigor in quantum field theory Quantum field theory is a broad subject and has the reputation of using methods which are mathematically desiring. For example working with and subtracting infinities or the use of path integrals, which in general have no mathematical meaning (at least not yet) ect. My question is a lit...
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http://physics.stackexchange.com/questions/9252/has-quantum-entanglement-been-demonstrated-to-be-able-to-take-place-over-infinit/9253
Has quantum entanglement been demonstrated to be able to take place over infinite distances? In my poor understanding of quantum physics, quantum entanglement means that certain properties of one of two 'entangled' quantum particles can lead to change over infinitely large distances when the other particles' propertie...
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http://mathhelpforum.com/pre-calculus/132297-find-largest-real-solution.html
# Thread: 1. ## Find the largest real solution The largest real solution for x^2/3 - 5x^1/3 + 4 = 0 would be x = For this one I only got two solutions, 64 and 1. I thought 64 was the correct answer but apparently I got something wrong. The real answer is 8, does anyone know what I did wrong here? 2. Originally Post...
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http://stats.stackexchange.com/questions/29697/testing-survival-against-frequency-of-some-event
# Testing survival against frequency of some event I have the following data for 200 cases/subjects: • time to death over a 15 year period, $t$. A datum with a value of 180 months means that the subject did not die over the 15 year period. • the frequency of three particular types of event associated with each subjec...
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http://quant.stackexchange.com/questions/tagged/itos-lemma
# Tagged Questions The itos-lemma tag has no wiki summary. 1answer 131 views ### Ito's Lemma - Integrand depends on upper limit of integration A problem I came across while practicing using Ito's Lemma had a process with an integral whose integrand depends on the upper limit of integration (the goal is to find $dZ_...
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http://nrich.maths.org/6166
### Epidemic Modelling Use the computer to model an epidemic. Try out public health policies to control the spread of the epidemic, to minimise the number of sick days and deaths. ### Very Old Man Is the age of this very old man statistically believable? ### bioNRICH bioNRICH is the area of the stemNRICH site devo...
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http://physics.stackexchange.com/questions/8072/combining-chemical-elements
# Combining chemical elements Prof Brian Cox mentioned on Wonders of the Universe when discussing chemical elements that Carbon 12 consists of 6 protons and 6 neutrons, he also mentioned that Helium consists of 2 protons and 2 neutrons. He then went on to say that by combining certain elements we can create others - c...
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http://math.stackexchange.com/questions/15749/stochastic-integral-and-stieltjes-integral
# Stochastic integral and Stieltjes integral My question is on the convergence of the Riemann sum, when the value spaces are square-integrable random variables. The convergence does depend on the evaluation point we choose, why is the case. Here is some background to make this clearer. Suppose $f\colon \Re \mapsto \Re...
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