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http://www.channelnewsasia.com/news/asiapacific/dr-wan-azizah-gets/1277204.html
|
2014-09-20T14:05:35Z
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2014-41/segments/1410657133417.25/warc/CC-MAIN-20140914011213-00202-ip-10-196-40-205.us-west-1.compute.internal.warc.gz
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webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2014-41__0__95680625
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- POSTED: 22 Jul 2014 22:20
Malaysia’s opposition Parti Keadilan Rakyat (PKR) has nominated Dr Wan Azizah Wan Ismail as chief minister of Selangor state, following speculation that she may take over the post from Abdul Khalid Ibrahim.
KUALA LUMPUR: Malaysia’s opposition Parti Keadilan Rakyat (PKR) has nominated Dr Wan Azizah Wan Ismail as chief minister of Selangor state.
The rumour mill on a new chief minister had started going into overdrive after Dr Wan Azizah's husband and PKR de facto head Anwar Ibrahim attempted to contest in the Kajang by election on March 23.
Anwar's attempt to get into the Selangor state assembly and possibly take over the post of chief minister was derailed following a court ruling on his sodomy appeal, thus paving the way for Dr Wan Azizah to contest and win the seat.
Dr Wan Azizah is set to succeed Abdul Khalid Ibrahim, who has been the Selangor chief minister since 2008.
The decision was announced by Anwar during a press conference at the party headquarters in Kuala Lumpur after the party's central committee meeting.
However, Dr Wan Azizah's nomination has to be sanctioned by the Pakatan Rakyat (PR) leadership.
A senior political science lecturer with Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Che Hamdan Che Mohd Razali, pointed out the change of chief minister is due to PKR's internal crisis in Selangor.
"This includes the attempts by someone within the party to usurp the post of Menteri Besar (chief minister) and I see the excuse that Abdul Khalid is being dropped because he failed to defend his Kuala Selangor PKR head post being no more than a ploy. I see that Abdul Khalid has administered Selangor well.
"DAP and PAS should not follow blindly PKR in deciding Selangor's direction. Dr Wan Azizah is only a state assemblywoman in Selangor and the president of PKR but not the head of any PKR division in the state. This is an illogical excuse and unacceptable," he said to Bernama on Tuesday (July 22).
At the 13th general election in 2013, the PR made up of the DAP-PAS-PKR pact won 44 of the 56 Selangor state assembly seats, with PKR winning 14 of the seats, while PAS and DAP each having 15 seats. Barisan Nasional is only left with 12 seats.
If Dr Wan Azizah’s nomination is consented by the palace and receives support from other elected assembly members, she will become the first woman chief minister in Selangor and Malaysia.
| 53politics
| 1
|
http://spliced.net/biography.htm
|
2019-04-25T20:16:40Z
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2019-18/segments/1555578733077.68/warc/CC-MAIN-20190425193912-20190425215912-00557.warc.gz
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Garry Rawlings has been a
professional wedding photographer for over a decade. He
graduated from Falmouth School of Art and Design with
an HND in Photographic Communication in 1995. This course
specialises in journalistic and documentary photography.
With this background it is hardly surprising that Garry
has chosen to specialise in reportage wedding photography.
Garry also works as a freelance photographer and is a
member of the PYMCA photographic agency in London. This
agency supplies many of the popular magazines with photographs.
Garry’s work has appeared in several national magazines.
His other photographic interests include social documentary
and Garry exhibits his work locally.
| 51photo
| 1
|
http://www.automationexchange.com/proddir/dir_product.asp?dir_id=17&p_id=910
|
2018-10-22T10:15:13Z
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2018-43/segments/1539583515029.82/warc/CC-MAIN-20181022092330-20181022113830-00106.warc.gz
| 0.877264
| 229
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CC-MAIN-2018-43
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webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2018-43__0__193778696
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en
|
Intraway Machine to Machine (M2M) Platform
OverviewIntraway's Machine to Machine (M2M) Platform is a centralized, scalable platform that allows operators to manage devices and SIMs easily and transparently. The solution is used to manage a providerís requirements, from fulfillment to monitoring and fault resolution of M2M devices. Additionally, our solution features intelligent adapters which provide abstraction across multiple devices and data sources that facilitate agile M2M application development. M2M has already passed through Gartnerís hype cycle and is now ready for implementation.
* Middleware linking devices/mobile network and applications
* Simplifies operation and connections to applications
* Improves time-to-market
* Global insight of service area coverage
* Flexible reporting and statistics
* Allows forecasting of services being utilized
* Open, flexible and customizable architecture designed to meet Service Providerís business requirements
CSR ďIntelligentĒ Web Site designed to assist customer support representatives identify, easily understand and provide effective solutions for customer service issues.
To learn more about our IoT middleware, read our brochure.
| 17electronic_science
| 1
|
https://tarides.com/blog/2022-11-10-towards-minimal-disk-usage-for-tezos-bakers/
|
2024-02-23T06:06:03Z
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-10/segments/1707947474361.75/warc/CC-MAIN-20240223053503-20240223083503-00671.warc.gz
| 0.895697
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en
|
Towards Minimal Disk-Usage for Tezos Bakersby the Tarides storage team on Nov 10th, 2022
Over the last few months, Tarides has focused on designing, prototyping, and integrating a new feature for Tezos bakers: automatic context pruning for rolling and full nodes. This feature will allow bakers to run Tezos with minimal disk usage while continuing to enjoy 12x more responsive operations. The first version has been released with Octez v15. The complete, more optimised context pruning feature will come with Octez v16. We encourage every Tezos baker to upgrade and give feedback.
We have implemented context pruning for rolling and full nodes, which requires ~35GB of disk for storing 6 cycles in the upper layer. In Octez v15, each subsequent pruning run needs an additional 40GB, but that space is recovered when the operation finishes. We plan to remove that extra requirement in Octez v16.
The Tezos context is a versioned key/value store that associates for each block a view of its ledger state. The versioning uses concepts similar to Git. The current implementation is using irmin as backend and abstracted by the lib_context library.
We have been designing, prototyping, and integrating a new structure for Irmin storage. It is now reorganised into two layers: one upper layer that contains the latest cycles of the blockchain, which are still in use, and a lower layer containing older, frozen data. A new garbage collection feature (GC) periodically restructures the Tezos context by removing unused data in the oldest cycles from the upper layer, where only the data still accessible from the currently live cycles are preserved. The first version of the GC, available in Octez-v15, is optimised for rolling and full nodes and thus does not contain a lower layer. We plan to extend this feature in Octez-v17 to dramatically improve the archive nodes' performance by moving the unused data to the lower layer (more on this below).
Garbage collection and subsequent compression of live data improves disk and kernel cache performance, which enhances overall node performance. Currently, rolling nodes operators must apply a manual cleanup process to release space on the disk by discarding unused data. The manual cleanup is tedious and error-prone. Operators could discard valuable data, have to stop their baker, or try to devise semi-automatic procedures and run multiple bakers to avoid downtime. The GC feature provides rolling nodes operators a fully automated method to clean up the unused data and guarantees that only the unused data is discarded, i.e., all currently used data is preserved.
The GC operation is performed asynchronously with minimal impact on the Tezos node. In the rolling node's case, a GC'd context uses less disk space and has a more stable performance throughout, as the protocol operations (such as executing smart contracts or computing baking rewards) only need data from the upper layer. As such, the nodes that benefit from the store's layered structure don't need to use the manual snapshot export/import—previously necessary when the disk’s context got too big. In the future, archive nodes’ performance will improve because only the upper layer is needed to validate recent blocks. This means archive nodes can bake as reliably as rolling nodes.
The Tezos blockchain uses Irmin as the main storage component. Irmin
is a library to design Git-like storage systems. It has many backends,
and one of them is
irmin-pack, which is optimised for the Tezos use
case. In the followings, we focus on the main file used to store
object data: the store
Pack file: Tezos state is serialised as immutable functional objects.
These objects are marshalled in a append-only
pack file, one after the
other. An object can contain pointers to the file's earlier (but not
later!) objects. Pointers to an earlier object are typically
represented by the offset (position) of the earlier object in the
pack file. The
pack file is append-only: existing objects are
packfile as a sequence of objects: | obj | obj | obj | ...
Commit objects: Some of the objects in the
pack file are commit
objects. A commit, together with the objects reachable from that
commit, represents the state associated to a Tezos' block. The
Tezos node only needs the last commit to process new blocks, but
bakers will need a lot more commits to compute baking rewards.
Objects not reachable from these commits can are unreachable or dead
The data-structure (mental model) representation of the
packfile vs. its physical representation.
Archive nodes and rolling nodes: There are different types of Tezos nodes. An archive node stores the complete blockchain history from the genesis block. Currently, this is over 2 million blocks. Roughly speaking, a block corresponds to a commit. A rolling node stores only the last n blocks, where n is chosen to keep the total disk usage within some bounds. This may be as small as 5 (or even less) or as large as 40,000 or more. Another type of node is the "full node," which is between an archive node and a rolling node.
Rolling nodes, disk space usage: The purpose of the rolling node
is to keep resource usage, particularly disk space, bounded by only
storing the last blocks. However, the current implementation does
not achieve this aim. As rolling nodes execute, the
grows larger and larger, and no old data is discarded. To get around
this problem, node operators periodically export snapshots of the
current blockchain state from the node, delete the old data,
and then import the snapshot state back.
Problem summary: The main problem we want to avoid is Tezos users
having to periodically export and import the blockchain state to
keep the disk usage of the Tezos node bounded. Instead, we want to
perform context pruning via automatic garbage collection of unreachable
objects. Periodically, a commit should be chosen as the GC
root, and objects constructed before the commit that are not
reachable from the commit should be considered dead branches, removed from
pack store, and the disk space reclaimed. The problem is that
with the current implementation of the
pack file, which is just an
ordinary file, it is impossible to "delete" regions corresponding to
dead objects and reclaim the space.
Consider the following
pack file, where the
GC-commit object has
been selected as the commit root for garbage collection:
Objects that precede the commit root are either reachable from the
commit (by following object references from it) or not. For the
unreachable objects, we want to reclaim the disk space. For reachable
objects, we need to be able to continue to access them via their
offset in the
The straightforward solution is to implement the
pack file using two
other data structures: the
suffix and the
file contains the root commit object (
GC-commit) and the live
objects represented by all bytes following the offset of
pack file. The
prefix file contains all the objects
reachable from the root commit, indexed by their offset. Note that the
reachable objects appear earlier in the
pack file than the root
The layered structure of the
suffixas the upper layer.
Reading from the
pack file is then simulated in an obvious way: if
the offset is for the
GC-commit, or later, we read from the
file, and otherwise, we lookup the offset in the
prefix and return
the appropriate object. We only access the reachable objects in the
prefix via their offset. We replace the Irmin
pack file with
these two data structures. Every time we perform garbage collection
from a given
GC-commit, we create the next versions of the
suffix data-structures and switch from the current version to the next
version by deleting the old
suffix to reclaim
disk space. Creating the next versions of the
data-structures is potentially expensive. Hence, we implement these steps in a
separate process, the GC worker, with minimal impact on the running
Caveat: Following Git, a commit will typically reference its parent commit, which will then reference its parent, and so on. Clearly, if we used these references to calculate object reachability, all objects would remain reachable forever. However, this is not what we want, so when calculating the set of reachable objects for a given commit, we ignore the references from a commit to its parent commit.
prefix is a persistent data-structure that implements a map from
the offsets in
pack file to objects (the marshalled bytes
representing an object). In our scenario, the GC worker creates the
prefix, which is then read-only for the main process. Objects are
never mutated or deleted from the
prefix file. In this setting, a
straightforward implementation of an object store suffices: we store
reachable objects in a data file and maintain a persistent
(int → int) map from "offset in the original
pack file" to "offset in the
Terminology: We introduce the term "virtual offset" for "offset in
pack file" and the term "real offset" for "offset in
prefix file." Thus, the map outlining virtual offset to real
offset is made persistent as the
Example: Consider the following, where the
pack file contains
o10, (with virtual offsets v1 .. v10, respectively):
Note that the objects
o10 are scattered throughout the
pack file where they appear in ascending order (i.e., v1 < .. <
prefix file contains the same objects but with different
"real" offsets r1..r10, as now the objects
o1 .. o10 appear one
after the other. The
mapping needs to contain an entry (v1 → r1)
o1 (and similarly for the other objects) to relate the
virtual offset in the
pack file with the real offset in the
To read from "virtual offset v3" (say), we use the map to retrieve
the real offset in the
prefix file (i.e., r3) and then read the object
data from that position.
Tezos Context pruning is performed periodically. We want each round of
context pruning to take place asynchronously with minimal impact
on the main Tezos node. For this reason, when a commit is chosen as
the GC root, we fork a worker process to construct the next
suffix data structures. When the GC worker terminates, the
handles worker termination. It switches from the current
suffix to the next and continues operation. This
switch takes place almost instantaneously. The hard work is done in
the worker process as depicted next:
Read-only Tezos nodes: In addition to the main Tezos read/write
node that accesses the
pack store, several read-only nodes also
pack store (and other Irmin data files) in read-only
mode. These must be synchronised when the switch is made from the
suffix to the next
synchronisation makes use of a (new) single control file.
The context pruning via automatic garbage collection performs well and within the required constraints. However, it is possible to make further efficiency improvements. We next describe some potential optimisations we plan to work on over the next months.
Resource-aware garbage collection:
The GC worker intensively uses disk, memory, and OS resources. For example, the disk and memory are doubled in size during the asynchronous execution of the GC worker. We plan to improve on this by more intelligent use of resources. For example, computing the reachable objects during the GC involves accessing earlier objects, using a lot of random-access reads, with unpredictable latency. A more resource-aware usage of the file system ensures that the objects are visited (as much as possible) in the order of increased offset on disk. This takes advantage of the fact that sequential file access is much quicker and predictable than accessing the file randomly. The work on context pruning via a resource-aware garbage collection is planned to be included in Octez v16.
Retaining older objects for archive nodes:
Archive nodes contain the complete blockchain history, starting from
the genesis block. This results in a huge store
pack file, many
times larger than the kernel’s page cache. Furthermore, live objects
are distributed throughout this huge file, which makes it difficult
for OS caching to work effectively. As a result, as the store becomes
larger, the archive node becomes slower.
In previous prototypes of the layered store, the design also included a
"lower" layer. For archive nodes, the lower layer contained all the
objects before the most recent
GC-commit, whether they were reachable
or not. The lower layer was effectively the full segment of the
pack file before the GC commit root.
One possibility with the new layout introduced by the GC is to retain the
lower layer whilst still sticking with the
approach and preferentially reading from the
possible. The advantage (compared with just keeping the full
file) is that the
prefix is a dense store of reachable objects,
improving OS disk caching and the snapshot export performance for
recent commits. In addition, the OS can preferentially cache the
mapping, which enhances general archive node performance
compared with trying to cache the huge
pack file. As baking
operations only need to access these cached objects, their performance
will be more reliable and thus will reduce endorsement misses
drastically. However, some uses of the archive node, such as
responding to RPC requests concerning arbitrary blocks, would still
access the lower layer, so they will not benefit from this
optimisation. The work on improving performance for archive nodes is
planned for Octez v17.
With the context pruning feature integrated, Tezos rolling and full nodes accurately maintain all and only used storage data in a performant, compact, and efficient manner. Bakers will benefit from these changes in Octez v15, while the feature will be included in archive nodes in Octez v17.
| 60systems_science
| 1
|
https://www.ciccimarrashop.com/shop/en/186_valentina-ferragni
|
2023-09-22T05:45:32Z
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-40/segments/1695233506329.15/warc/CC-MAIN-20230922034112-20230922064112-00401.warc.gz
| 0.917954
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webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-40__0__148889301
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en
|
Product successfully added to your shopping cart
There are 0 items in your cart. There is 1 item in your cart.
Total shipping: To be determined
Continue shopping Proceed to checkout
Born from the desire to share a lifestyle, an aesthetic and an unmistakable passion, Valentina Ferragni jewels, entirely designed and produced in Italy, are made in both polished and gilded 925 silver with setting, enamelling and finishing processes rigorously carried out by hand.
Uali earrings have become a social phenomenon with the original V shape, a shape that has also been taken up in the new collections.
Necklaces and bracelets with the iconic V and new Uali single earring colors such as green, lilac and orange.
Ciccimarra Jewels Italian Official Dealer Valentina Ferragni in Puglia in Cisternino in the province of Brindisi
Valentina Ferragni Uali Metallic Green mono earring in 925 silver with yellow gold plating, purple metallic effect paint and white cubic zirconia...
Mia ring in 925 silver plated yellow gold with white zircons pave and lilac enamel. Made in Italy, handcrafted and nickel free.
Valentina Ferragni Elle Gold Mono Earring in 925 Silver with yellow gold plating and white zircons pave. Suitable for right earlobe Made in Italy,...
Valentina Ferragni Uali Metallic Green mono earring in 925 silver with platinum plating, Green metallic effect paint and white cubic zirconia pavé.
Valentina Ferragni Elle Silver Mono Earring in 925 Silver with platinum plating and white zircon pave. Suitable for right earlobe Made in Italy,...
Valentina Ferragni Joy Baby Pink & Green earrings in 925 silver with platinum plating and pastel pink and green bath. Free Nickel
Valentina Ferragni Joy Fluo Pink & Lime earrings in 925 silver with platinum plating and fluorescent pink and fluorescent lime bath. Free Nickel
Valentina Ferragni Joy Metallic Blue & Silver earrings in 925 silver with Platinum plating and blue and silver metallic effect paint bath. Free Nickel
Valentina Ferragni Joy Metallic Pink & Gold earrings in 925 silver with yellow gold plating and pink metallic effect paint bath. Free Nickel
Caro Pendant Earrings in 925 silver with yellow gold plating, 5 cm long. Made in Italy, handcrafted and nickel free
Valentina Ferragni Caro Zirconia Pendant Earrings in 925 silver with platinum plating, 5 cm long. Made in Italy, handcrafted and nickel free
Uali White Valentina Ferragni mono earring in 925 silver 24 kt yellow gold plated with white wetting and white zircons pave
Valentina Ferragni Uali Lime mono earring in 925 silver 24 kt yellow gold plated with Lime wetting
Uali Fluo Pink Valentina Ferragni mono earring in 925 silver, 24 kt yellow gold plated with fluo pink wetting
Valentina Ferragni Uali bubble gum mono earring in 925 silver 24 kt yellow gold plated with pink wetting and white zircons pave
Mia ring in 925 silver plated yellow gold with white zircons pave and white enamel. Made in Italy, handcrafted and nickel free.
Mia ring in 925 silver plated yellow gold with white zircons pave. Made in Italy, handcrafted and nickel free.
Nina necklace 42 cm long in 925 silver platinum plated with chain and central logo with white zircons pave, Made in Italy by hand and nickel free
The year is 2019 when Valentina Ferragni approaches the world of jewelry for the first time and decides to create her own brand. Passion, fashion, colors, style: the Valentina Ferragni brand is all of this. A clear, decisive and easily recognizable profession and lifestyle. These are jewels that adapt perfectly to different age categories, personalities and occasions, which narrate the experience of their designer. Versatile and with a unique aesthetic, Valentina Ferragni's necklaces, bracelets, rings, Uali and earrings go very well with elegant, fashionable events but also with typically irreverent pop themes.
On the other hand, Valentina Ferragni is a young woman with clear ideas and her creations largely reflect her strength and decision. They are immediately recognizable by the design that recalls the "V", i.e. the initial of its name, registered trademark by Vieffe Srl
Designed, engineered and conceived within the Italian territory, Valentina Ferragni's jewels are totally unique and made in Italy . They are meant to be an ode to the excellent work of Italian artisans as well as the expert goldsmiths of the industry.
All the creations of this promising designer are made using 925 title silver or silver with plating made of twenty-four carat gold. As for the activities relating to the setting of small stones, enamelling (there are many colors from which it is possible to choose) and finishing, they are totally created by hand, which makes similar jewels absolutely peculiar of their kind.
After all, this is what gives a brand its value: the handmade creation. Each necklace, ring, the various Uali, earrings or bracelets, could in fact be equipped with a particularity (which must not be considered a defect), precisely due to the careful, and never the same, craftsmanship of the experts in the sector.
The Valentina Ferragni brand was launched with an earring that can be composed, to be worn individually or to be worn together with another one, for a particular style never seen before. The Uali is called the unmistakable earring of Valentina Ferragni (whose name derives from the nickname that Valentina's closest friends usually use with her), now available in many colors and types, depending on the look you want to show off: more glamorous or casual, with references to streetstyle . Valentina Ferragni's jewels adapt to any situation.
As already anticipated, each jewel signed by Valentina Ferragni is handmade and is unique and particular in its kind. The designer's earrings stand out for their unmistakable style and for the presence of elements that recall the initial of the name Valentina.
Like any other accessory of the brand, there are different types of earrings: from the more classic and refined style, such as the IRIS earrings (pendants in 925 silver, plated in white gold and equipped with many small zircons set), to the more modern and transgressive one , typical of the pair of JOY BABY PINK & GREEN earrings (made in 925 silver, they are characterized by a platinum plating and have a beautiful green and pastel pink color. Also available in fluo lime, fluo pink, metallic blue, metallic, metallic pink and metallic gold).
For more audacious choices but still in the name of refinement, Valentina Ferragni offers the LILY single earring, an earcuff made entirely of 925 silver and three small gold-plated bands with a streak of white zircons. Perfect for showing off during an evening of fun or a special occasion.
And how not to be fascinated by the pair of gold-plated CARO pendants, romantic and versatile at the same time. 5 centimeters long, refined and extremely elegant, this type of earrings designed by Chiara Ferragni is perfect for a working day, a social event or for situations that require class and good taste.
Uali, a particular and unmistakable name, which totally recalls the Valentina Ferragni brand. To be worn individually or in pairs, the Uali represent the designer's brand and are very suitable to be shown off on any occasion. The shape vaguely recalls that of an inverted triangle or, better to say, of a V, initial of the name Valentina.
Of Uali it is possible to find at will, according to personal tastes and preferences, such as UALI METALLIC GREEN, made entirely of silver, without Nickel and equipped with platinum plating. It is characterized by a metallic green paint and is made up of delicious white zircons, elegant and refined at the same time.
The Uali differ in the plating (in yellow gold such as UALI FLUO PINK, with a beautiful fluorescent pink colour, or in platinum such as UASLI LIGHT BLUE could be), for the presence of white zircons and for the various shades.
With an irreverent, pop and trendy style, each of them has something unique, capable of making the most of every single outfit.
Valentina Ferragni's rings are immediately recognisable: made of 925 silver and yellow gold plated, they have a bold, bold line and are available in sizes 12, 15 and 18. They too recall the shape of the brand, such as the MIA LILAC, features two small Vs, one with a pretty lilac-colored enamel and the other studded with white cubic zirconia.
Even the rings designed by Valentina Ferragni, like the other jewels of her brand, are entirely made in Italy and do not contain nickel.
Perfect to be worn every day or during a more formal event. In this regard, the KAIA RING, made of a thin band of white zircons and a refined yellow gold plating, will give every look that timeless and refined touch of class that never goes out of style.
In terms of bracelets, those of Valentina Ferragni are able to satisfy both those who prefer rigid jewels and those who prefer soft bracelets, which fall harmoniously on the wrist. As for the former, the IVY GOLD and IVY SILVER bracelets are unique, elegant and extremely refined pieces. Both equipped with white cubic zirconia, have a diameter of 6.5 cm, are made of metal and are nickel free. They differ in the different platings: IVY GOLD is gold plated and IVY SILVER has a platinum plating instead. Perfect to be worn individually, as the only jewel on the wrist, they will enhance even the most elegant and trendy outfit.
Turning now to the soft bracelets, the one signed GIGI, 19 centimeters long and adjustable according to needs, is made up of a gold-plated closure and many small harmonious Vs, some of them studded with white zircons (or not, it depends on the choice).
The alternative is offered by the more sporty ALEX GOLD or ALEX SILVER bracelets, 20 centimeters long and made up of various silver, platinum-plated or yellow gold-plated links. Suitable for more casual looks and to be worn every day, as trendy jewellery.
The necklaces of the Valentina Ferragni line match her bracelets. The ROSIE SILVER and ROSIE GOLD necklaces (with a diameter of 13 centimeters), for example, are perfect to be shown off with the IVY SILVER and IVY GOLD bracelets, for an elegant yet trendy jewelery palette.
The NINA GOLD and NINA SILVER necklaces (44 cm long, adjustable) are also combined with the ALEX GOLD and ALEX SILVER bracelets, as they are made up of silver links and a single V. These necklaces can be worn for an outing with friends, an evening at the disco or for the most diverse occasions. In fact, these are very versatile jewels, exactly like the CLOE choker, 42 centimeters long and adjustable according to your preferences. Made in 925 silver, it features a yellow gold plating and many small Vs, studded or not with white zircons.
| 14design
| 1
|
https://biznessminds.com/retail-sales-burst-higher-in-january-as-consumers-use-stimulus-checks-to-spend-heavily/
|
2021-02-28T07:10:48Z
|
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|
Consumers flocked to spend their stimulus checks in January, sending retail sales for the month up 5.3% in a blockbuster begin to 2021, in accordance to a authorities report Wednesday.
Economists surveyed by Dow Jones had been anticipating an increase of simply 1.2%.
Excluding autos, sales rose 5.9%, additionally far forward of the 1% estimate in a show of sudden power from the buyer.
A month after Congress accepted a $900 billion further stimulus bundle on high of the $2.2 trillion accepted earlier in 2020, buyers had been armed with $600 checks they used to purchase quite a lot of items.
The soar in shopper spending got here at a time when expectations for development in the early a part of 2021 had been muted as the economic system continued to shake off the pandemic-induced slowdown.
Spending positive aspects had been broad-based, with each main class exhibiting will increase.
Electronics and home equipment noticed the most important enhance, up 14.7% for the month, whereas furnishings and residential furnishing shops had been up 12% and on-line spending at nonstore retailers jumped 11%. Even meals and ingesting locations, which suffered the worst through the pandemic, noticed a 6.9% rise.
While most economists see the yr off to a gradual begin, they count on the tempo to decide up later in the yr as vaccination efforts unfold and the Covid-19 albatross fades.
One of the principle considerations for the restoration has turn into inflation, and a separate information level confirmed these pressures persevering with to construct.
The producer value index, which measures the costs that home producers obtain for his or her items, surged 1.3%, the biggest month-to-month acquire because the measure started in December 2009.
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|Publication number||US6156715 A|
|Application number||US 09/089,095|
|Publication date||Dec 5, 2000|
|Filing date||Jun 2, 1998|
|Priority date||Jan 13, 1997|
|Also published as||CA2273435A1, CA2273435C, CN1114686C, CN1237620A, DE69916929D1, DE69916929T2, EP0962521A1, EP0962521B1, US6410495, US6660707, US7087569, US20030104961, US20040102353|
|Publication number||089095, 09089095, US 6156715 A, US 6156715A, US-A-6156715, US6156715 A, US6156715A|
|Inventors||Steven E. Lentsch, Victor F. Man, Keith E. Olson|
|Original Assignee||Ecolab Inc.|
|Export Citation||BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan|
|Patent Citations (70), Referenced by (101), Classifications (40), Legal Events (4)|
|External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, Espacenet|
This application is a continuation in part of Lentsch et al., U.S. Ser. No. 08/781,493, filed Jan. 13, 1997.
The invention relates to substantially inorganic mildly alkaline, anti-corrosion, metal-protecting warewashing detergent materials that can be manufactured in the form of a solid block and packaged for sale. In the manufacture of the solid detergent, a detergent mixture is extruded to form the solid. The solid water soluble or dispersible detergent is typically uniformly dispensed, without undershoot or overshoot of detergent concentration, from a spray-on type dispenser which creates an aqueous concentrate by spraying water onto the soluble solid product. The aqueous concentrate is directed to a use locus such as a warewashing machine to clean ware with no substantial corrosion of metal ware.
The use of solid block detergents in institutional and industrial cleaning operations was pioneered in technology claimed in the Fernholz et al. U.S. Reissue Pat. Nos. 32,763 and 32,818. Further, pelletized materials are shown in Gladfelter et al., U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,078,301, 5,198,198 and 5,234,615. Extruded materials are disclosed in Gladfelter et al., U.S. Pat. No. 5,316,688. The solid block format is a safe, convenient and efficient product format. In the pioneering technology, substantial attention was focused on how the highly alkaline material, based on a substantial proportion of sodium hydroxide, was cast and solidified. Initial solid block products (and predecessor powder products) used a substantial proportion of a solidifying agent, sodium hydroxide hydrate, to solidify the cast material in a freezing process using the low melting point of sodium hydroxide monohydrate (about 50° C.-65° C.). The active components of the detergent were mixed with the molten sodium hydroxide and cooled to solidify. The resulting solid was a matrix of hydrated solid sodium hydroxide with the detergent ingredients dissolved or suspended in the hydrated matrix. In this prior art cast solid and other prior art hydrated solids, the hydrated chemicals are reacted with water and the hydration reaction is run to substantial completion. The sodium hydroxide also provided substantial cleaning in warewashing systems and in other use loci that require rapid and complete soil removal. In these early products sodium hydroxide was an ideal candidate because of the highly alkaline nature of the caustic material provided excellent cleaning. Another sodium hydroxide and sodium carbonate cast solid process using substantially hydrated sodium materials was disclosed in Heile et al. U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,595,520 and 4,680,134.
Similarly, pioneering technology relating to the use of solid pelleted alkaline detergent compositions in the form of a water soluble bag assembly and an extruded alkaline solid material wrapped in a water soluble film has also been pioneered by Ecolab Inc. These products within the water soluble bag can be directly inserted into a spray on dispenser wherein water dissolves the bag and contacts the soluble pellet or extruded solid, dissolves the effective detergent ingredients, creates an effective washing solution which is directed to a use locus.
In recent years, attention has been directed to producing a highly effective detergent material from less caustic materials such as soda ash, also known as sodium carbonate, because of manufacturing, processing, etc. advantages. Sodium carbonate is a mild base, and is substantially less strong (has a smaller Kb) than sodium hydroxide. Further on an equivalent molar basis, the pH of the sodium carbonate solution is one unit less than an equivalent solution of sodium hydroxide (an order of magnitude reduction in strength of alkalinity). Sodium carbonate formulations were not given serious consideration in the industry for use in heavy duty cleaning operations because of this difference in alkalinity. The industry believed carbonate could not adequately clean under the demanding conditions of time, soil load and type and temperature found in the institutional and industrial cleaning market. A few sodium carbonate based formulations have been manufactured and sold in areas where cleaning efficiency is not paramount. Further solid detergents made of substantially hydrated, the carbonate content contained at least about seven moles of water of hydration per mole of sodium carbonate were not dimensionally stable. The substantially hydrated block detergent tended to swell and crack upon aging. This swelling and cracking was attributed to changing of the sodium carbonate hydration states within the block. Lastly, molten hydrate processing can cause stability problems in manufacturing the materials. Certain materials at high melting temperatures in the presence of water can decompose or revert to less active or inactive materials. The carbonate detergents could under certain circumstances corrode metal surfaces. Ware made of active metals such as aluminum are subject to such corrosion when carbonates are used as the alkalinity source.
Accordingly, a substantial need for mechanically stable solid carbonate detergent products, having equivalent cleaning performance without substantial metal corrosion, when compared to caustic based detergents, has arisen. Further, a substantial need has arisen for successful non-molten processes for manufacturing sodium carbonate based detergents that form a solid with minimal amounts of water of hydration associated with the sodium base. These products and processes must combine ingredients and successfully produce a stable solid product that can be packaged, stored, distributed and used in a variety of use locations.
The invention involves a solid block detergent based on a combination of a carbonate hydrate and a non-hydrated carbonate species with a metal protecting anti-corrosion silicate component solidified by a novel hydrated species we call the E-form hydrate composition. The solid can contain other cleaning ingredients and a controlled amount of water. The solid carbonate/silicate based detergent is solidified by the E-form hydrate which acts as a binder material or binding agent dispersed throughout the solid. The E-form binding agent comprises at a minimum an organic phosphonate and water and can also have associated carbonate. The solid block detergent uses a substantial proportion, sufficient to obtain non-corrosive cleaning properties, of a hydrated carbonate, a non-hydrated carbonate and a silicate composition formed into solid in a novel structure using a novel E-form binder material in a novel manufacturing process. The solid integrity of the detergent, comprising carbonate, silicate and other cleaning compositions, is maintained by the presence of the E-form binding component comprising an organic phosphonate, substantially all water added to the detergent system and an associated fraction of the carbonate. In the detergent blocks of the invention, the use of a sodium silicate and a sodium carbonate with a potassium phosphonate have surprisingly been found to be a preferred composition for formation of a stable rapidly solidifying block. This E-form hydrate binding component is distributed throughout the solid and binds hydrated carbonate and non-hydrated carbonate and other detergent components into a stable solid block detergent.
The alkali metal carbonate is used in a formulation that additionally includes an effective amount of a metal protecting silicate and a hardness sequestering agent that both sequesters hardness ions such as calcium, magnesium and manganese but also provides soil removal and suspension properties. The formulations can also contain a surfactant system that, in combination with the sodium carbonate and other components, effectively removes soils at typical use temperatures and concentrations. The block detergent can also contain other common additives such as surfactants, builders, thickeners, soil anti-redeposition agents, enzymes, chlorine sources, oxidizing or reducing bleaches, defoamers, rinse aids, dyes, perfumes, etc.
Such block detergent materials are preferably substantially free of a component that can compete with the alkali metal carbonate or the E-form material for water of hydration and interfere with solidification. The most common interfering material comprises a second source of alkalinity. The detergent preferably contains less than a solidification interfering amount of the second alkaline source, and can contain less than 5 wt %, preferably less than 4 wt %, of common alkalinity sources including sodium hydroxide. While some small proportion sodium hydroxide can be present in the formulation to aid in performance, the presence of a substantial amount of sodium hydroxide can interfere with solidification. Sodium hydroxide preferentially binds water in these formulations and in effect prevents water from participating in the E-form hydrate binding agent and in solidification of the carbonate. On mole for mole basis, the solid detergent material contains greater than 5 moles of sodium carbonate for each total mole of both sodium hydroxide.
We have found that a highly effective detergent material can be made with little water (i.e. less than 11.5 wt %, preferably less than 10 wt % water) based on the block. The solid detergent compositions of Femholz et al. required depending on composition, a minimum of about 12-15 wt % of water of hydration for successful processing. The Fernholz solidification process requires water to permit the materials to fluid flow or melt flow sufficiently when processed or heated such that they can be poured into a mold such as a plastic bottle or capsule for solidification. At lesser amounts of water, the material would be too viscous to flow substantially for effective product manufacture. However, the carbonate based materials can be made in extrusion methods with little water. We have found that as the materials are extruded, the water of hydration tends to associate with the phosphonate component and, depending on conditions, a fraction of the anhydrous sodium carbonate used in the manufacture of the materials. If added water associates not with the E-form hydrate but improperly with other materials such as sodium hydroxide or sodium silicates, insufficient solidification occurs leaving a product resembling slush, paste or mush like a wet concrete. We have found that the total amount of water present in the solid block detergents of the invention is less than about 11 to 12 wt % water based on the total chemical composition (not including the weight of the container). The preferred solid detergent comprises about 0.1 to less than about 2.0, more preferably about 0.9 to 1.7 moles of water per each mole of carbonate. With this in mind for the purpose of this patent application, water of hydration recited in these claims relates primarily to water added to the composition that primarily hydrates and associates with the binder comprising a fraction of the sodium carbonate, the phosphonate and water of hydration. A chemical with water of hydration that is added into the process or products of this invention wherein the hydration remains associated with that chemical (does not dissociate from the chemical and associate with another) is not counted in this description of added water of hydration. Preferred hard dimensionally stable solid detergents will comprise about 5 to 20 wt %, preferably 10 to 15 wt % anhydrous carbonate. The balance of the carbonate comprises carbonate monohydrate. Further, some small amount of sodium carbonate monohydrate can be used in the manufacture of the detergent, however, such water of hydration is used in this calculation.
For the purpose of this application the term "solid block" includes extruded pellet materials having a weight of 10 grams, preferably 50 grams up through 250 grams, an extruded solid with a weight of about 100 grams or greater or a solid block detergent having a mass between about 1 and 10 kilograms.
FIG. 1 is an isometric drawing of the wrapped solid detergent.
The solid block detergents of the invention can comprise a source of alkalinity preferably an alkali metal carbonate, a metal protecting alkali metal silicate, an alkali metal salt of a sequestrant, preferably a potassium salt of an organo phosphonate and an E-form hydrate binding agent.
The present method is suitable for preparing a variety of solid cleaning compositions, as for example, extruded pellet, extruded block, etc., detergent compositions. The cleaning compositions of the invention comprise conventional alkaline carbonate cleaning agent, a metal protecting alkali metal silicate, a sequestering agent and other active ingredients that will vary according to the type of composition being manufactured. The essential ingredients are as follows:
______________________________________Solid Matrix CompositionChemical Percent Range______________________________________Alkali metal salt 1-30 wt %; preferably 3-15 of an Organo- wt % of a potassium salt thereof Phosphonate Water 5-15 wt %; preferably 5-12 wt % Alkali metal 12-25 wt %; preferably 15- silicate 30 wt % of a hydrated silicate (5 to 25% water) Alkali Metal 25-80 wt %; preferably 30- Carbonate 55 wt % Surfactant 0 to 25 wt %; preferably 0.1-20 wt %______________________________________
As this material solidifies, a single E-form hydrate binder composition forms. This hydrate binder is not a simple hydrate of the carbonate component. We believe the solid detergent comprises a major proportion of carbonate monohydrate, a portion of non-hydrated (substantially anhydrous) alkali metal carbonate and the E-form binder composition comprising a fraction of the carbonate material, an amount of the organophosphonate and water of hydration. The alkaline detergent composition can include an amount of a source of alkalinity, preferably an alkali metal silicate metal protecting agent, that does not interfere with solidification and minor but effective amounts of other ingredients such as surfactant(s), a chelating agent/sequestrant including a phosphonate, polyphosphate, a bleaching agent such as an encapsulated bleach, sodium hypochlorite or hydrogen peroxide, an enzyme such as a lipase, a protease or an amylase, and the like.
The cleaning composition produced according to the invention may include effective amounts of one or more alkaline sources to enhance cleaning of a substrate and improve soil removal performance of the composition. The alkaline matrix is bound into a solid due to the presence of the binder hydrate composition including its water of hydration. The composition comprises about 10-80 wt %, preferably about 15-70 wt % of an alkali metal carbonate source, most preferably about 20-60 wt %. The total alkalinity source can comprise about 5 wt % or less of an alkali metal hydroxide. A metal carbonate such as sodium or potassium carbonate, bicarbonate, sesquicarbonate, mixtures thereof and the like can be used. Suitable alkali metal hydroxides include, for example, sodium or potassium hydroxide. An alkali metal hydroxide may be added to the composition in the form of solid beads, dissolved in an aqueous solution, or a combination thereof. Alkali metal hydroxides are commercially available as a solid in the form of prilled solids or beads having a mix of particle sizes ranging from about 12-100 U.S. mesh, or as an aqueous solution, as for example, as a 50 wt % and a 73 wt % solution.
We have found that an effective amount of an alkaline metal silicate or hydrate thereof can be employed in the compositions and processes of the invention to form a stable solid warewashing detergent that can have metal protecting capacity. The silicates employed in the compositions of the invention are those that have conventionally been used in warewashing formulations. For example, typical alkali metal silicates are those powdered, particulate or granular silicates which are either anhydrous or preferably which contain water of hydration (5 to 25 wt %, preferably 15 to 20 wt % water of hydration). These silicates are preferably sodium silicates and have a Na2 O:SiO2 ratio of about 1:1 to about 1:5, respectively, and typically contain available bound water in the amount of from 5 to about 25 wt %. In general, the silicates of the present invention have a Na2 O:SiO2 ratio of 1:1 to about 1:3.75, preferably about 1:1.5 to about 1:3.75 and most preferably about 1:1.5 to about 1:2.5. A silicate with a Na2 O:SiO2 ratio of about 1:2 and about 16 to 22 wt % water of hydration, is most preferred. For example, such silicates are available in powder form as GD Silicate and in granular form as Britesil H-20, from PQ Corporation. These ratios may be obtained with single silicate compositions or combinations of silicates which upon combination result in the preferred ratio. The hydrated silicates at preferred ratios, a Na2 O:SiO2 ratio of about 1:1.5 to about 1:2.5 have been found to provide the optimum metal protection and rapidly forming solid block detergent. The amount of silicate used in forming the compositions of the invention tend to vary between 10 and 30 wt %, preferably about 15 to 30 wt % depending on degree of hydration. Hydrated silicates are preferred.
The composition can comprise at least one cleaning agent which is preferably a surfactant or surfactant system. A variety of surfactants can be used in a cleaning composition, including anionic, nonionic, cationic, and zwitterionic surfactants, which are commercially available from a number of sources. Anionic and nonionic agents are preferred. For a discussion of surfactants, see Kirk-Othmer, Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology, Third Edition, volume 8, pages 900-912. Preferably, the cleaning composition comprises a cleaning agent in an amount effective to provide a desired level of cleaning, preferably about 0-20 wt %, more preferably about 1.5-15 wt %.
Anionic surfactants useful in the present cleaning compositions, include, for example, carboxylates such as alkylcarboxylates (carboxylic acid salts) and polyalkoxycarboxylates, alcohol ethoxylate carboxylates, nonylphenol ethoxylate carboxylates, and the like; sulfonates such as alkylsulfonates, alkylbenzenesulfonates, alkylarylsulfonates, sulfonated fatty acid esters, and the like; sulfates such as sulfated alcohols, sulfated alcohol ethoxylates, sulfated alkylphenols, alkylsulfates, sulfosuccinates, alkylether sulfates, and the like; and phosphate esters such as alkylphosphate esters, and the like. Preferred anionics are sodium alkylarylsulfonate, alpha-olefinsulfonate, and fatty alcohol sulfates.
Nonionic surfactants useful in cleaning compositions, include those having a polyalkylene oxide polymer as a portion of the surfactant molecule. Such nonionic surfactants include, for example, chlorine-, benzyl-, methyl-, ethyl-, propyl-, butyl- and other like alkyl-capped polyethylene glycol ethers of fatty alcohols; polyalkylene oxide free nonionics such as alkyl polyglycosides; sorbitan and sucrose esters and their ethoxylates; alkoxylated ethylene diamine; alcohol alkoxylates such as alcohol ethoxylate propoxylates, alcohol propoxylates, alcohol propoxylate ethoxylate propoxylates, alcohol ethoxylate butoxylates, and the like; nonylphenol ethoxylate, polyoxyethylene glycol ethers and the like; carboxylic acid esters such as glycerol esters, polyoxyethylene esters, ethoxylated and glycol esters of fatty acids, and the like; carboxylic amides such as diethanolamine condensates, monoalkanolamine condensates, polyoxyethylene fatty acid amides, and the like; and polyalkylene oxide block copolymers including an ethylene oxide/propylene oxide block copolymer such as those commercially available under the trademark PLURONICŪ (BASF-Wyandotte), and the like; and other like nonionic compounds. Silicone surfactants such as the ABILŪ B8852 can also be used.
Cationic surfactants useful for inclusion in a cleaning composition for sanitizing or fabric softening, include amines such as primary, secondary and tertiary monoamines with C18 alkyl or alkenyl chains, ethoxylated alkylamines, alkoxylates of ethylenediamine, imidazoles such as a 1-(2-hydroxyethyl)-2-imidazoline, a 2-alkyl-1-(2-hydroxyethyl)-2-imidazoline, and the like; and quaternary ammonium salts, as for example, alkylquaternary ammonium chloride surfactants such as n-alkyl(C12 -C18)dimethylbenzyl ammonium chloride, n-tetradecyldimethylbenzylammonium chloride monohydrate, a naphthylene-substituted quaternary ammonium chloride such as dimethyl-1-naphthylmethylammonium chloride, and the like; and other like cationic surfactants.
Solid cleaning compositions made according to the invention may further include conventional additives such as a chelating/sequestering agent, bleaching agent, alkaline source, secondary hardening agent or solubility modifier, detergent filler, defoamer, anti-redeposition agent, a threshold agent or system, aesthetic enhancing agent (i.e., dye, perfume), and the like. Adjuvants and other additive ingredients will vary according to the type of composition being manufactured. The composition may include a chelating/sequestering agent such as an aminocarboxylic acid, a condensed phosphate, a phosphonate, a polyacrylate, and the like. In general, a chelating agent is a molecule capable of coordinating (i.e., binding) the metal ions commonly found in natural water to prevent the metal ions from interfering with the action of the other detersive ingredients of a cleaning composition. The chelating/sequestering agent may also function as a threshold agent when included in an effective amount. Preferably, a cleaning composition includes about 0.1-70 wt %, preferably from about 5-60 wt %, of a chelating/sequestering agent.
Useful aminocarboxylic acids include, for example, N-hydroxyethyliminodiacetic acid, nitrilotriacetic acid (NTA), ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), N-hydroxyethyl-ethylenediaminetriacetic acid (HEDTA), diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (DTPA), and the like.
Examples of condensed phosphates useful in the present composition include sodium and potassium orthophosphate, sodium and potassium pyrophosphate, sodium tripolyphosphate, sodium hexametaphosphate, and the like. A condensed phosphate may also assist, to a limited extent, in solidification of the composition by fixing the free water present in the composition as water of hydration.
The composition may include a phosphonate such as 1-hydroxyethane-1,1-diphosphonic acid CH3 C(OH)[PO(OH)2 ]2 (HEDP); amino tri(methylenephosphonic acid) N[CH2 PO(OH)2 ]3 ; aminotri(methylenephosphonate), sodium salt ##STR1## 2-hydroxyethyliminobis(methylenephosphonic acid) HOCH2 CH2 N[CH2 PO(OH)2 ]2 ; diethylenetriaminepenta(methylenephosphonic acid) (HO)2 POCH2 N[CH2 CH2 N[CH2 PO(OH)2 ]2 ]2 ; diethylenetriaminepenta(methylenephosphonate), sodium salt C9 H.sub.(28-x) N3 Nax O15 P5 (x=7); hexamethylenediamine(tetramethylenephosphonate), potassium salt C10 H.sub.(28-x) N2 Kx O12 P4 (x=6); bis(hexamethylene)triamine(pentamethylenephosphonic acid) (HO2)POCH2 N[(CH2)6 N[CH2 PO(OH)2 ]2 ]2 ; and phosphorus acid H3 PO3.
Preferred phosphonates are HEDP, ATMP and DTPMP. A neutralized or alkaline phosphonate, or a combination of the phosphonate with an alkali source prior to being added into the mixture such that there is little or no heat or gas generated by a neutralization reaction when the phosphonate is added is preferred. The most preferred phosphonate comprises a potassium salt of an organo phosphonic acid (a potassium phosphonate). One preferred mode for forming the potassium salt of the phosphonic acid material involves neutralizing the phosphonic acid with an aqueous potassium hydroxide solution during the manufacture of the solid block detergent. In a preferred mode, the phosphonic acid sequestering agent can be combined with a potassium hydroxide solution at appropriate proportions to provide a stoichiometric amount of potassium hydroxide to neutralize the phosphonic acid. A potassium hydroxide having a concentration of from about 1 to about 50 wt % can be used. The phosphonic acid can be dissolved or suspended in an aqueous medium and the potassium hydroxide can then be added to the phosphonic acid for neutralization purposes.
Polymeric polycarboxylates suitable for use as cleaning agents have pendant carboxylate (--CO2 -) groups and include, for example, polyacrylic acid, maleic/olefin copolymer, acrylic/maleic copolymer, polymethacrylic acid, acrylic acid-methacrylic acid copolymers, hydrolyzed polyacrylamide, hydrolyzed polymethacrylamide, hydrolyzed polyamide-methacrylamide copolymers, hydrolyzed polyacrylonitrile, hydrolyzed polymethacrylonitrile, hydrolyzed acrylonitrile-methacrylonitrile copolymers, and the like. For a further discussion of chelating agents/sequestrants, see Kirk-Othmer, Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology, Third Edition, volume 5, pages 339-366 and volume 23, pages 319-320, the disclosure of which is incorporated by reference herein.
Bleaching agents for use in a cleaning compositions for lightening or whitening a substrate, include bleaching compounds capable of liberating an active halogen species, such as Cl2, Br2, --OCl- and/or --OBr-, under conditions typically encountered during the cleansing process. Suitable bleaching agents for use in the present cleaning compositions include, for example, chlorine-containing compounds such as a chlorine, a hypochlorite, chloramine. Preferred halogen-releasing compounds include the alkali metal dichloroisocyanurates, chlorinated trisodium phosphate, the alkali metal hypochlorites, monochloramine and dichloramine, and the like. Encapsulated chlorine sources may also be used to enhance the stability of the chlorine source in the composition (see, for example, U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,618,914 and 4,830,773, the disclosure of which is incorporated by reference herein). A bleaching agent may also be a peroxygen or active oxygen source such as hydrogen peroxide, perborates, sodium carbonate peroxyhydrate, phosphate peroxyhydrates, potassium permonosulfate, and sodium perborate mono and tetrahydrate, with and without activators such as tetraacetylethylene diamine, and the like. A cleaning composition may include a minor but effective amount of a bleaching agent, preferably about 0.1-10 wt %, preferably about 1-6 wt %.
A cleaning composition may include a minor but effective amount of one or more of a detergent filler which does not perform as a cleaning agent per se, but cooperates with the cleaning agent to enhance the overall cleaning capacity of the composition. Examples of fillers suitable for use in the present cleaning compositions include sodium sulfate, sodium chloride, starch, sugars, C1 -C10 alkylene glycols such as propylene glycol, and the like. Preferably, a detergent filler is included in an amount of about 1-20 wt %, preferably about 3-15 wt %.
A minor but effective amount of a defoaming agent for reducing the stability of foam may also be included in the present cleaning compositions. Preferably, the cleaning composition includes about 0.0001-5 wt % of a defoaming agent, preferably about 0.01-3 wt %.
Examples of defoaming agents suitable for use in the present compositions include silicone compounds such as silica dispersed in polydimethylsiloxane, fatty amides, hydrocarbon waxes, fatty acids, fatty esters, fatty alcohols, fatty acid soaps, ethoxylates, mineral oils, polyethylene glycol esters, alkyl phosphate esters such as monostearyl phosphate, and the like. A discussion of defoaming agents may be found, for example, in U.S. Pat. No. 3,048,548 to Martin et al., U.S. Pat. No. 3,334,147 to Brunelle et al., and U.S. Pat. No. 3,442,242 to Rue et al., the disclosures of which are incorporated by reference herein.
A cleaning composition may also include an anti-redeposition agent capable of facilitating sustained suspension of soils in a cleaning solution and preventing the removed soils from being redeposited onto the substrate being cleaned. Examples of suitable anti-redeposition agents include fatty acid amides, fluorocarbon surfactants, complex phosphate esters, styrene maleic anhydride copolymers, and cellulosic derivatives such as hydroxyethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl cellulose, and the like. A cleaning composition may include about 0.5-10 wt %, preferably about 1-5 wt %, of an anti-redeposition agent.
Various dyes, odorants including perfumes, and other aesthetic enhancing agents may also be included in the composition. Dyes may be included to alter the appearance of the composition, as for example, Direct Blue 86 (Miles), Fastusol Blue (Mobay Chemical Corp.), Acid Orange 7 (American Cyanamid), Basic Violet 10 (Sandoz), Acid Yellow 23 (GAF), Acid Yellow 17 (Sigma Chemical), Sap Green (Keyston Analine and Chemical), Metanil Yellow (Keystone Analine and Chemical), Acid Blue 9 (Hilton Davis), Sandolan Blue/Acid Blue 182 (Sandoz), Hisol Fast Red (Capitol Color and Chemical), Fluorescein (Capitol Color and Chemical), Acid Green 25 (Ciba-Geigy), and the like.
Fragrances or perfumes that may be included in the compositions include, for example, terpenoids such as citronellol, aldehydes such as amyl cinnamaldehyde, a jasmine such as C1 S-jasmine or jasmal, vanillin, and the like.
The ingredients may optionally be processed in a minor but effective amount of an aqueous medium such as water to achieve a homogenous mixture, to aid in the solidification, to provide an effective level of viscosity for processing the mixture, and to provide the processed composition with the desired amount of firmness and cohesion during discharge and upon hardening. The mixture during processing typically comprises about 0.2-12 wt % of an aqueous medium, preferably about 0.5-10 wt %.
The invention provides a method of processing a solid cleaning composition. According to the invention, a cleaning agent and optional other ingredients are mixed with an effective solidifying amount of ingredients in an aqueous medium. A minimal amount of heat may be applied from an external source to facilitate processing of the mixture.
A mixing system provides for continuous mixing of the ingredients at high shear to form a substantially homogeneous liquid or semi-solid mixture in which the ingredients are distributed throughout its mass. Preferably, the mixing system includes means for mixing the ingredients to provide shear effective for maintaining the mixture at a flowable consistency, with a viscosity during processing of about 1,000-1,000,000 cP, preferably about 50,000-200,000 cP. The mixing system is preferably a continuous flow mixer or more preferably, a single or twin screw extruder apparatus, with a twin-screw extruder being highly preferred.
The mixture is typically processed at a temperature to maintain the physical and chemical stability of the ingredients, preferably at ambient temperatures of about 20-80° C., more preferably about 25-55° C. Although limited external heat may be applied to the mixture, the temperature achieved by the mixture may become elevated during processing due to friction, variances in ambient conditions, and/or by an exothermic reaction between ingredients. Optionally, the temperature of the mixture may be increased, for example, at the inlets or outlets of the mixing system.
An ingredient may be in the form of a liquid or a solid such as a dry particulate, and may be added to the mixture separately or as part of a premix with another ingredient, as for example, the cleaning agent, the aqueous medium, and additional ingredients such as a second cleaning agent, a detergent adjuvant or other additive, a secondary hardening agent, and the like. One or more premixes may be added to the mixture.
The ingredients are mixed to form a substantially homogeneous consistency wherein the ingredients are distributed substantially evenly throughout the mass. The mixture is then discharged from the mixing system through a die or other shaping means. The profiled extrudate then can be divided into useful sizes with a controlled mass. Preferably, the extruded solid is packaged in film. The temperature of the mixture when discharged from the mixing system is preferably sufficiently low to enable the mixture to be cast or extruded directly into a packaging system without first cooling the mixture. The time between extrusion discharge and packaging may be adjusted to allow the hardening of the detergent block for better handling during further processing and packaging. Preferably, the mixture at the point of discharge is about 20-90° C., preferably about 25-55° C. The composition is then allowed to harden to a solid form that may range from a low density, sponge-like, malleable, caulky consistency to a high density, fused solid, concrete-like block.
Optionally, heating and cooling devices may be mounted adjacent to mixing apparatus to apply or remove heat in order to obtain a desired temperature profile in the mixer. For example, an external source of heat may be applied to one or more barrel sections of the mixer, such as the ingredient inlet section, the final outlet section, and the like, to increase fluidity of the mixture during processing. Preferably, the temperature of the mixture during processing, including at the discharge port, is maintained preferably at about 20-90° C.
When processing of the ingredients is completed, the mixture may be discharged from the mixer through a discharge die. The composition eventually hardens due to the chemical reaction of the ingredients forming the E-form hydrate binder. The solidification process may last from a few minutes to about six hours, depending, for example, on the size of the cast or extruded composition, the ingredients of the composition, the temperature of the composition, and other like factors. Preferably, the cast or extruded composition "sets up" or begins to hardens to a solid form within about 1 minute to about 3 hours, preferably about 1 minute to about 2 hours, preferably about 1 minute to about 20 minutes.
The packaging receptacle or container may be rigid or flexible, and composed of any material suitable for containing the compositions produced according to the invention, as for example glass, metal, plastic film or sheet, cardboard, cardboard composites, paper, and the like. Advantageously, since the composition is processed at or near ambient temperatures, the temperature of the processed mixture is low enough so that the mixture may be cast or extruded directly into the container or other packaging system without structurally damaging the material. As a result, a wider variety of materials may be used to manufacture the container than those used for compositions that processed and dispensed under molten conditions. Preferred packaging used to contain the compositions is manufactured from a flexible, easy opening film material.
The cleaning composition made according to the present invention is dispensed from a spray-type dispenser such as that disclosed in U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,826,661, 4,690,305, 4,687,121, 4,426,362 and in U.S. Pat. Nos. Re 32,763 and 32,818, the disclosures of which are incorporated by reference herein. Briefly, a spray-type dispenser functions by impinging a water spray upon an exposed surface of the solid composition to dissolve a portion of the composition, and then immediately directing the concentrate solution comprising the composition out of the dispenser to a storage reservoir or directly to a point of use. The concentration of the detergent in the aqueous alkaline detergent comprises about 100 parts of detergent to about 2500 parts of detergent per each one million parts by weight of the aqueous detergent. The preferred product shape is shown in FIG. 11. When used, the product is removed from the package (e.g.) film and is inserted into the dispenser. The spray of water can be made by a nozzle in a shape that conforms to the solid detergent shape. The dispenser enclosure can also closely fit the detergent shape in a dispensing system that prevents the introduction and dispensing of an incorrect detergent.
FIG. 1 is a drawing of a preferred embodiment of the packaged solid block detergent of the invention. The detergent has a unique pinch waist elliptical profile. This profile ensures that this block with its particular profile can fit only spray on dispensers that have a correspondingly shaped location for the solid block detergent. We are unaware of any solid block detergent having this shape in the market place. The shape of the solid block ensures that no unsuitable substitute for this material can easily be placed into the dispenser for use in a warewashing machine. In FIG. 1 the overall product 10 is shown having a cast solid block 11 (revealed by the removal of packaging 12). The packaging includes a label 13. The film wrapping can easily be removed using a tear line 15 or 15a or fracture line 14 or 14a incorporated in the wrapping.
The above specification provides a basis for understanding the broad meets and bounds of the invention. The following examples and test data provide an understanding of certain specific embodiments of the invention and contain a best mode. The invention will be further described by reference to the following detailed examples. These examples are not meant to limit the scope of the invention that has been set forth in the foregoing description. Variation within the concepts of the invention are apparent to those skilled in the art.
A solid block detergent composition was formed using the following compositions:
______________________________________COMPOSITION WT %______________________________________Soft Water 2.9 Nonionic Surfactant 2.5 NaOH (50% Active) 2.9 Nonionic defoamer 0.2 ATMP (Briquest 301 3.8 Low AM) Powder Premix 31.8 Na2 CO3 (Dense Ash) 38.3 GD Silicate 17.5______________________________________
In a mixing tank the soft water, the NaOH neutralizer and the ATMP (aminotri(methylene-phosphonic acid)) were mixed and warmed to a temperature of about 115° F. A Teledyne paste processor, equipped with all screw sections and liquid and powder feed ports, was operated to make the solid detergent composition. In separate addition feed ports the dense ash, the powder premix, the GD silicate, the aqueous solution of the sequestrant and the nonionic surfactants were separately metered into the paste processor. The extrusion was accomplished at a temperature of about 120° F. The materials extruded from the extruder as a soft mass but solidified into a hard block detergent in less than 30 minutes which was wrapped in a plastic wrap.
Spot and Film Cleaning Performance Test
10 Cycle Spot, Film, Starch Spec Test/Protein and Lipstick Removal
To evaluate Cleaning Performance of Metal Protecting detergent with 17.5% GD Silicate
______________________________________Conditions of Test Composition of Food______________________________________1000 ppm Detergent Concentration 33.33% Beef Stew Soil 2000 ppm Food Soil 33.33% Hot Point Soil No Rinse Aid 33.33% Potato Buds Hobart C-44 Dish Machine City Water (5.5 grain) 3 Redeposition Glasses 5 Glasses dipped in whole milk and dried 8 min. in a humidity chamber (100° F./65% RH)______________________________________
The following formula which can be solidified using the procedure of Example 1, in an Ash Based Solid Formula, was used in the test by adding the components separately to the machine.
______________________________________ Initial Cycle Per 1 Cycle Raw Materials Percent (grams) (grams)______________________________________Water 3.8 5.0 0.3 Aminotri(methylene- 5.8 7.5 0.4 phosphonic acid) (Briquest 301 Low AM) NaOH, 50% 4.5 5.8 0.3 PowderPremix1 31.8 41.1 2.2 Nonionic surfactant 2.5 3.2 0.2 Nonionic Defoamer 0.2 0.3 0.01 Dense Ash (CaCO3) 33.8 43.6 2.4 GD Silicate 18% water 17.5 22.6 1.2 (Na2 O:SiO2 -1:2) TOTAL 100.0000 Beef Stew Soil/Hot Point 172 9 Soil Combined 86 4.6 Potato Buds Test Conditions:City Water (˜4-5 grains hardness); 2000 ppm 3 Food Soil; HobartC-44; 10 cycles Redep. = 3 redeposition glasses Coated = 5 glasses dipped in whole milk and dried 8 mins. in humidity chamber 100° F./65% RH)______________________________________ 1 POWDER PREMIX Ingredients Wt % Granular Sodium Tripolyphosphate 94.2 Nonionic 3.6 Stearic monoethanolamide 0.6 Silicone Surfactant 1.6
TABLE 1__________________________________________________________________________Detergent and Silicate Lipstick Lipstick Detergent Glass Spots Film Starch Cycle 2 -10 Cycle 1 Protein Comments__________________________________________________________________________Metal Fusion Coated 3 1 2 -- -- 3 No Foam 1000 ppm Redep. 1.75 1 1.75 1 1 -- Coated Redep. - spots (the above No lipstick with silicate) traces__________________________________________________________________________
TABLE 2__________________________________________________________________________No Silicate Lipstick Lipstick Detergent Glass Spots Film Starch Cycle 2 -10 Cycle 1 Protein Comments__________________________________________________________________________Solid Fusion Coated 3.5 1 1.75 -- -- 3 No Foam 1000 ppm Redep. 2 1 1.5 1 1.5 -- Coated spots, Redep. - streaks (comparable Small trace of formula lipstick 1st cycle without only silicate)__________________________________________________________________________
Tables 1 and 2 demonstrate the excellent cleaning properties of the detergents of the invention.
In the following Tables 3-6, solid block detergents having formulas similar to that in Example 2, except for the noted amounts of silicate, were tested for corrosion properties. In the following tables, the aluminum coupons are first washed with a detergent carefully with a soft sponge. The coupons are then dried in toluene and placed in a desiccator for equilibration. The equilibrated coupons are placed in a glass bottle with solutions of detergent to be tested and are then placed in a water bath at 54.5° C. (130° F.) for 8 hours. After the treatment is finished, the coupons are rinsed with deionized water, soaked in nitric acid for 3 minutes and again rinsed with deionized water. The coupons are then weighed for milligram weight loss and inspected for final appearance. The following Tables 3-6 demonstrate the anticorrosive ability of the carbonate silicate detergents of the invention and show the surprising anticorrosive nature when compared to caustic based detergents.
TABLE 3__________________________________________________________________________METAL CORROSION - ALUMINUM NON-CLAD COUPONS A corrosion rate in excess of 250 MPY indicates the product is considered corrosive to that specific metal AVG C. RATE % SOLUTION WT. LOSS (mg) CORROSION RATE mils/yr mils/yr FINAL APPEARANC E__________________________________________________________________________Control (D.I. water) 1 2.1 13.6920 13.2573 Dull Gray 2 2 13.0400 Dull Gray 3 2 13.0400 Dull Gray 650 ppm Detergent, 17.5% GD Silicate 4 20.8 135.6160 135.3987 Brown/Gray 5 20.8 135.6160 Brown/Gray 6 20.7 134.9640 Brown/Gray 750 ppm Detergent, 17.5% GD Silicate 7 22.8 148.6560 55.8547 Brown/Gray 8 1.3 8.4760 Shiny Gray 9 1.6 10.4320 Shiny Gray 850 ppm Detergent, 17.5% GD Silicate 10 1 6.5200 5.433 Shiny Gray 11 0.6 3.9120 Shiny Gray 12 0.9 5.8680 Shiny Gray 1125 ppm Detergent, 17.5% GD Silicate 13 0.9 5.8680 5.4333 Shiny Gray 14 0.5 3.2600 Shiny Gray 15 1.1 7.1720 Shiny Gray__________________________________________________________________________
TABLE 4__________________________________________________________________________ AVG C. RATE % SOLUTION WT. LOSS (mg) CORROSION RATE mils/yr mils/yr FINAL APPEARANCE__________________________________________________________________________Control (D.I. water) 1 2.3 14.9960 15.8653 Dull Gray 2 2 13.0400 Dull Gray 3 3 19.5600 Dull Gray 2000 ppm Detergent, 5% GD Silicate 4 46.4 302.5280 305.1360 Gray/Brown 5 47.4 309.0480 Gray/Brown 6 46.6 303.8320 Gray/Brown 2000 ppm Detergent, 10% GD Silicate 7 0.6 3.9120 2.8253 Shiny Gray 8 0.4 2.6080 Shiny Gray 9 0.3 1.9560 Shiny Gray 600 ppm Detergent, 15% GD Silicate 10 19.8 129.0960 132.1387 Brown/Gray 11 20.4 133.0080 Brown/Gray 12 20.6 134.3120 Brown/Gray 600 ppm Detergent, 20% GD Silicate 13 1.3 8.4760 7.8240 Shiny Gray 14 1.2 7.8240 Shiny Gray 15 1.1 7.1720 Shiny Gray 600 ppm Detergent, 25% GD Silicate 16 0.4 2.6080 3.9120 Shiny Gray 17 0.7 4.5640 Shiny Gray 18 0.7 4.5640 Shiny Gray 600 ppm Detergent, 30% GD Silicate 19 0.4 2.6080 2.6080 Shiny Gray 20 0.5 3.2600 Shiny Gray 21 0.3 1.9560 Shiny Gray__________________________________________________________________________
TABLE 5__________________________________________________________________________ AVG C. RATE % SOLUTION WT. LOSS (mg) CORROSION RATE mils/yr mils/yr FINAL APPEARANCE__________________________________________________________________________Control (D.I. water) 1 3.2 20.8640 18.2560 Dull Gray 2 3.2 20.8640 Dull Gray 3 2 13.0400 Dull Gray 750 ppm Detergent, 7.5% GD Silicate 4 22.4 146.0480 150.3947 Brown/Gray 5 22.9 149.3080 Brown/Gray 6 23.9 155.8280 Brown/Gray 750 ppm Detergent, 12.5% GD Silicate 16 22.3 145.3960 149.0907 Brown/Gray 17 22.9 149.3080 Brown/Gray 18 23.4 152.5680 Brown/Gray 1125 ppm Detergent, 12.5% GD Silicate 19 1.3 8.4760 6.7373 Shiny Gray 20 0.7 4.5640 Shiny Gray 21 1.1 7.1720 Shiny Gray 750 ppm Detergent, 15% GD Silicate 22 23.0 149.9600 149.9600 Yellow/Brown 23 22.7 148.0040 Yellow/Brown 24 23.3 151.9160 Yellow/Brown 1125 ppm Detergent, 15% GD Silicate 25 0.6 3.9120 3.9120 Shiny Gray 26 0.6 3.9120 Shiny Gray 27 0.6 3.9120 Shiny Gray 750 ppm Detergent, 17.5% GD Silicate 28 1.1 7.1720 6.9547 Shiny Gray 29 1 6.5200 Shiny Gray 30 1.1 7.1720 Shiny Gray 1125 ppm Detergent, 17.5% GD Silicate 31 0.5 3.2600 3.0427 Shiny Gray 32 0.5 3.2600 Shiny Gray 33 0.4 2.6080 Shiny Gray__________________________________________________________________________
TABLE 6__________________________________________________________________________METAL CORROSION - ALUMINUM NON-CLAD COUPONS AVG C. RATE % SOLUTION WT. LOSS (mg) CORROSION RATE mils/yr mils/yr FINAL APPEARANCE__________________________________________________________________________Control (D.I. water) 1 2.6 16.9520 9.7800 Dull Gray 2 0 0.0000 Dull Gray 3 1.9 12.3880 Dull Gray 1200 ppm Detergent, 15% GD Silicate 10 0.5 3.2600 -1.3040 Shiny Gray 11 0.2 1.3040 Shiny Gray 12 -1.3 -8.4760 Shiny Gray 1200 ppm Detergent, 20% GD Silicate 13 0.1 0.6520 -0.4347 Shiny Gray 14 -0.1 -0.6520 Shiny Gray 15 -0.2 -1.3040 Shiny Gray 1200 ppm Caustic Detergent, With Silicate 22 42.4 276.4480 282.0987 Brown/Gray 23 44 286.8800 Brown/Gray 24 43.4 282.9680 Brown/Gray 2000 ppm Caustic Detergent, With Silicate 25 2.4 15.6480 14.7787 Gray 26 2.1 13.6920 Gray 27 2.3 14.9960 Gray__________________________________________________________________________
The solid block of the invention was made by preparing the premixes shown below with the extrusion procedures above. A simulated extrusion was performed on a laboratory scale by mixing the premixes in order and packing and then permitting the materials to solidify in a container. Alternatively, the premixes were mixed together and compressed into tablets.
KOH or mixed KOH/NaOH can be used to neutralize the liquid phosphonic acid 1-hydroxyl ethylidine-1,1-diphosphonic acid (Dequest 2010/Briquest ADPA). Interestingly, a K+ salt of Dequest 2010/Briquest ADPA is exemplified by the formula shown below. The lab simulation of the extrusion of this formula produced excellent results--firm after 5 minutes and solid after 10 minutes. Most significantly, the pressed tablets have not swelled or cracked after 7 days.
______________________________________PREMIX FORMULA % TOTAL WATER______________________________________Premix 1: Water 0.0 0.0 KOH, 45% 8.0 4.4 Dequest 2010 5.5 2.2 (1-hydroxyethylidene-1,1- phosphonic acid) Water from Neut. 1.2 Premix 2: Powder Premix 31.8 Premix 3: Nonionic 2.7 Premix 4: Na2 CO3 34.5 Silicate - Na2 O:SiO2 (1:2) 17.500 (18 wt % water of hydration) TOTAL 100.00______________________________________
______________________________________POWDER PREMIX Ingredients Wt %______________________________________Granular Sodium 94.2 Tripolyphosphate Nonionic 3.6 Stearic monoethanolamide 0.6 Silicone Surfactant 1.6______________________________________
Using the procedure of Example 3, the following premix preparations were combined to form a solid block detergent.
______________________________________PREMIX FORMULA %______________________________________Premix 1: Water 0.0 KOH, 45% 8.0 1-hydroxyethylidene-1,1- 5.5 phosphonic acid (Briquest ADPA 60AW) Premix 2: Powder Premix1 31.8 Premix3: nonionic surfactant 2.7 Premix 4: Dense Ash-Na2 CO3 34.4 Na2 O:SiO2 (1:2)- 17.5 18 wt % water of hydration- granular-Britesil H-20 TOTAL 100.0______________________________________ 1 See Example 3
The combined materials were extruded as described in Example 1 and rapidly solidified in about 5 minutes to form a solid block detergent that was dimensionally stable (did not swell) and provided excellent warewashing properties with aluminum metal protection.
Generally the carbonate/silicate compositions of the invention tested for aluminum corrosion have corrosion levels less than 10 mils per year which is a substantial improvement over typical caustic based detergents that can corrode aluminum at a rate of greater than 500 mils per year. Further, the metal protecting compositions of the invention maintain a shiny gray appearance when used at a level greater than about 12.5%, preferably greater than 15 wt % of the solid detergent material. The anticorrosion effect and the cleaning effect of the detergents appear to be most marked at concentrations of total detergent that is greater than about 600 ppm. The corrosion protecting detergents of the invention clearly provide excellent cleaning. The cleaning results from the carbonate silicate alkalinity source, the nonionic and silicone surfactants and the water conditioning agents. We have found that the solid block detergents of the invention are stable non-swelling blocks, dispensed uniformly without substantial excess or lack of effective detergent during dispensing from typical water spray-on dispensers.
The foregoing specification, examples and data provide a sound basis for understanding the specific embodiments of the invention disclosed in the invention. Since the invention can comprise a variety of embodiments, the invention resides in the claims hereinafter appended.
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|US8772221||Sep 5, 2012||Jul 8, 2014||Ecolab Usa Inc.||Solidification matrices using phosphonocarboxylic acid copolymers and phosphonopolyacrylic acid homopolymers|
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|US8889048 *||May 5, 2008||Nov 18, 2014||Ecolab Inc.||Pressed, self-solidifying, solid cleaning compositions and methods of making them|
|US8906839||Aug 11, 2010||Dec 9, 2014||Ecolab Usa Inc.||Alkaline detergent containing mixing organic and inorganic sequestrants resulting in improved soil removal|
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|US9138393||Jan 29, 2014||Sep 22, 2015||The Procter & Gamble Company||Cosmetic compositions containing substituted azole and methods for improving the appearance of aging skin|
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|US20030139310 *||Nov 18, 2002||Jul 24, 2003||Smith Kim R.||Peroxygen compositions and methods for carpet or upholstery cleaning or sanitizing|
|US20030162685 *||Aug 7, 2002||Aug 28, 2003||Man Victor Fuk-Pong||Solid cleaning composition including stabilized active oxygen component|
|US20040138084 *||Jan 14, 2003||Jul 15, 2004||Gohl David W.||Liquid detergent composition and methods for using|
|US20040157760 *||Dec 4, 2003||Aug 12, 2004||Man Victor Fuk-Pong||Solid alkaline foaming cleaning compositions with encapsulated bleaches|
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|US20050003979 *||Jul 2, 2003||Jan 6, 2005||Ecolab Inc.||Warewashing composition for use in automatic dishwashing machines, comprising a mixture of aluminum and zinc ions|
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|US20060040846 *||Aug 18, 2004||Feb 23, 2006||Hoyt Jerry D||Treated oxidizing agent, detergent composition containing a treated oxidizing agent, and methods for producing|
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|US20060174883 *||Feb 1, 2006||Aug 10, 2006||Acoba, Llc||Method and system of leak detection in application of positive airway pressure|
|US20060199750 *||Mar 3, 2006||Sep 7, 2006||Berger Patricia S||Automatic dishwashing composition with corrosion inhibitors|
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|US20070149431 *||Jan 30, 2007||Jun 28, 2007||Lentsch Steven E|
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|US20100311634 *||Jul 19, 2010||Dec 9, 2010||Besse Michael E||Solidification matrix including a salt of a straight chain saturated mono-, di-, and tri- carboxylic acid|
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|US20130327991 *||Mar 22, 2013||Dec 12, 2013||Harris Research, Inc.||Apparatus, system, and method for inhibiting corrosion in a waste tank|
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|WO2002077149A2||Jan 31, 2002||Oct 3, 2002||Ecolab Inc.||Methods and compositions for cleaning, rinsing, and antimicrobial treatment of medical equipment|
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|U.S. Classification||510/224, 510/233, 510/509, 134/25.2, 510/445, 510/511, 510/469, 510/451, 510/512, 510/510|
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|Cooperative Classification||C11D3/08, C11D7/12, C11D17/0047, C11D3/10, C11D17/0052, C11D3/364, C11D3/361, C11D7/36, C11D3/06, C11D17/0065|
|European Classification||C11D3/36D, C11D3/10, C11D17/00H8, C11D3/08, C11D17/00H2, C11D17/00H, C11D7/36, C11D7/12, C11D3/36B, C11D3/06|
|Jul 20, 1998||AS||Assignment|
Owner name: ECOLAB INC., MINNESOTA
Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:LENTSCH, STEVEN E.;MAN, VICTOR F.;OLSON, KEITH E.;REEL/FRAME:009334/0444
Effective date: 19980716
|May 28, 2004||FPAY||Fee payment|
Year of fee payment: 4
|May 15, 2008||FPAY||Fee payment|
Year of fee payment: 8
|May 25, 2012||FPAY||Fee payment|
Year of fee payment: 12
| 36materials_science
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https://www.fingerlakeschristian.org/sermons/what-god-remembers
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2023-12-08T02:40:53Z
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Do you worry that God will remember your sin forever? Does He keep a record of the times that you served Him? Learn what God remembers and what is cast away in Dr. Daniel Lewis's sermon.
What God Remembers
God never forgets who we are.
God is kind during times of trouble
Hebrews 6:10 - God will not forget your work and labor of love for Him
God keeps His promises
God has recorded things that glorify Him
God's greatness is overwhelming
Genesis 8:1 - God remembered Noah
Genesis 19:29 - Disobedient Lot; God remembered Abraham and saved Lot from Sodom and Gomorrah.
Numbers 32:17-33 - memorial and remembrance
Commit to be involved in local church
Everyone needs others
32 times the phrase "one another" is used in the Bible
Lay down your life for one another
Don't judge one another
Don't envy one another
Don't complain against one another
Don't lie to one another
God will remember your sin no more
Several Elders and Deacons
| 10christianity
| 1
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https://www.spiceupthecurry.com/aloo-bhujia-recipe-aloo-sev/
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2022-12-05T01:03:10Z
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Aloo Bhujia Recipe - This crispy aloo sev is perfect savory tea-time snack or Diwali namkeen snack. Make a big batch, store in container and enjoy it for weeks.
It is made from besan and potatoes with few spices. While making the dough for potato sev, you need to make sure that dough should not be too soft or sticky. Otherwise it will absorb too much oil and won’t taste good.
I love to eat aloo bhujia sev just because of it’s chatpata (tangy) taste. This comes from amchur and lemon juice. I have tried Balaji and Haldiram packets and the taste of this recipe is close to the packet ones.
Along with chatpata taste, it also has spicy taste. It comes from addition of red chili powder and green chilies. If you like less spicy then reduce the amount of chilies.
Step By Step Photo Instructions:
Prep: Boil the potatoes in the pressure cooker till soft. Once it is cool to touch, peel the skin and grate them. Make sure to grate them using fine grater, because we do not want any chunks of potato. FYI: 250 grams is the measurement for raw potatoes. 1 cup tightly packed measurement is for boiled, grated potato.
1) Take peppercorns, cloves and cinnamon stick into into a grinder jar.
2) Make fine powder out of it.
3) Now add chopped green chilies, mint leaves and lemon juice.
4) And grind it into smooth paste. If needed you can add just couple of teaspoon of water, not more. Keep this paste aside.
5) Now take besan in a bowl and add salt, hing, turmeric powder, amchur, black salt and red chili powder.
6) Mix well.
7) Add prepared paste and grated potatoes.
8) Start mixing using your fingers, it will be really sticky.
9) Knead into smooth, soft dough. NO NEED to add any extra water, moisture from potatoes is enough to make soft dough. Since this is sticky dough, at the end you may need to wash your hands, grease it and again knead to make smooth dough.
10) Now Heat the oil in pan on medium heat for frying. To make this potato sev, you will required sev machine or sev maker. In that we will be using the disc which has very tiny small holes. Grease the inside of the sev machine and plate using oil.
11) Divide the dough into two portions and fill the machine with one dough portion. Close the sev maker tightly.
12) Once the oil is hot enough for frying, hold the machine over the pan, and turn the handle into clockwise and thin sev will come out from the bottom and will drop into hot oil. As it falls, keep moving the machine, so all the sev does not dump at one place.
13) Do not overcrowd the pan. Once done, move the handle into reverse motion so sev will stop coming. Fry for some time, do flip them halfway through.
14) Once it becomes light brown in color and slightly crisp, remove it from the oil using slotted spatula.
15) And keep them on paper towel lined plate. Repeat the same from rest of the dough.
16) Once it cools down completely, break them using your hand. It is ready to serve or store.
You can store this aloo sev in airtight container or jar for 3-4 weeks or more.
Serving suggestion: Serve aloo bhujia as a morning or evening snack with a cup of tea or coffee.
Did you try this aloo bhujia recipe (Aloo sev)? I’d love to hear about it! Leave a review in the comment section below.
Aloo Bhujia (Aloo Sev)
- 8 Black peppercorns
- 8 Cloves
- ½ inch Cinnamon stick
- 1 Green chili
- 10 Mint leaves
- 2 teaspoons Lemon juice
For The Dough:
- 150 grams or 1 cup Besan (gram flour) tightly packed
- 250 grams or 1 cup Potatoes (boiled, peeled, grated and measured tightly packed)
- Salt to taste
- ⅛ teaspoon Hing (Asafoetida)
- ¼ teaspoon Turmeric powder
- ½ teaspoon Black salt (Kala namak)
- 1 teaspoon Amchur powder (dried mango powder)
- 1 teaspoon Red chili powder
- Boil the potatoes till soft. Once cooled down, peel the skin and grate.
- Make fine powder from peppercorns, cloves and cinnamon stick using the grinder.
- Then add green chilies, mint leaves, lemon juice and make smooth paste.
- Mix besan, salt and all the spice powders (hing, turmeric powder, black salt, amchur, red chili powder) in a bowl.
- Then add boiled, grated potatoes and above prepared paste.
- Start mixing and knead into smooth and soft dough without adding any water.
- Heat the oil in a pan on medium heat for frying.
- Meantime, grease the inside of the sev machine and disc. Please use the disc which has very tiny holes.
- Now divide the dough into two portions and fill the sev machine container with one part of the dough and close tightly.
- Once oil is hot, drop the sev directly into the hot oil and fry till crisp and slightly golden brown in color.
- Then remove it using slotted spatula and keep on paper towel lined plate.
- Repeat the same for rest of the dough.
- Once sev cools down completely, it is ready to serve.
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https://stemxcon.com/dating-with-hiv-app-azubi-rate-internet-dating/
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| 57sociology
| 1
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http://gordonmcgregor.blogspot.com/2011/03/sxswi.html
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2017-04-30T08:59:06Z
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Went for a wander around Austin at the SXSWi photowalk. Just a few hundred photographers swarming the streets. I managed to sneak away and find some shots without photographers in them.
I miss your regular updates and your special sense of humor as well as your insights. I hope all is going well for you.
You make shots like the first one here look so easy. Someday. Someday, I am going to learn to do that.I am so grateful that you haven't stopped posting altogether. I know this one has been up for a time; but, each time I have looked, then hurried on by. Everything happens too fast. Your photos remind me of that.
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| 51photo
| 1
|
https://tapmobile.one/en/mvne
|
2022-05-24T05:16:04Z
|
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TM One - cloud MVNE platform built on the basis of RSP technology (Remote SIM Provisioning). TM One provides connectivity to dozens of operators around the world and allows you to independently provide communication services.
Functions of TM One MVNE platform
Storage and downloading of Mobile SIM profiles and their mobile operators with the use of RSP technology (Remote SIM Provisioning)
Billing - Dynamic Tariff Management
Integration with Partners via API, RADIUS, DIAMETER
Partner personal account and setting up of international payment systems
Management of client part based on SIM, eSIM M2M devices and IoT
Management of tariffs and additional services through the iOS, and Android mobile application or through commands from the platform
Installation of loyalty programs (bonuses and points for traffic)
Statistics and analytics on traffic consumption and use of services
The modular construction system allows the customer to set up the required parameters and conditions for the provision of communication services.
| 12communication_engineering
| 1
|
http://akizukifantasycritic.blogspot.com/2015/04/no-stage-fatalities-for-mortal-kombat-x.html
|
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No Stage Fatalities For Mortal Kombat X?
So I started to hear that Mortal Kombat X will have no stage fatalities. If that's true then I started to think of the possible reasons. I guess Ed Boon may have wanted them but... remember the game itself will have plenty of features. I mean, you already have Living Towers, Endless Mode, Brutalities (which are combo enders to kill an opponent), Character Variations, it can be understood to why there won't be Stage Fatalities in Mortal Kombat X so I guess they couldn't be programmed anymore right? It had me thinking that while I think this game will be better than Killer Instinct Season Two, but I cannot deny that I'm quite disappointed that Stage Fatalities won't be included.
However, let us just think of Mortal Kombat Deadly Alliance (I personally HATE that game), it did not have the stage fatalities yet it did pretty well to spawn its much better sequel Mortal Kombat Deception. I thought of it that Mortal Kombat X's exclusion of stage fatalities is not a good reason to get hold of the game. I mean, we already have had loads of stage fatalities last Mortal Kombat (2011) so I guess there's a good reason why they aren't getting in right?
| 24game
| 1
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http://traciejoy.com/2020/12/05/casino-in-jasper-texas/
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Air Conditioning in Wirral
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Mild Steel Equal Angel / Price Steel Angle Iron / SS400 Perforated Angle Steel 25.0 Tons (Min. Order) Slotted Angel Iron / Hot Rolled Angel Steel / MS Angles Size. Hot Rol Black Steel Angle pipe Angle Iron Ss400 Price 50X6Mm500.00 - Hot Rol Black Steel Angle pipe Angle Iron Ss400 Price 50X6Mm520.00 / Ton. 25 Tons (Min. Order) 90*90*8mm Used for Construction Angle Steel / Angle Steel Iron 25 Tons (Min. Order) Mild black steel angel bar and galvanized
M Hot Rol Black Steel Angle pipe Angle Iron Ss400 Price 50X6Mmamp; K Metal Co. is a Metal Distributor that manufactures steel pipes and round tubes, including black pipes.
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| 11civil_engineering
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OFFICE OF NIH HISTORY
NATIONAL INSTITUTES OF HEALTH
The Office of NIH History at the National Institutes of Health exists to advance historical understanding of biomedical research within the NIH and the world. Through preserving records of significant NIH achievements, innovative exhibits, and educational programs, the Office of NIH History explores the past to enhance present understanding of the health sciences and the National Institutes of Health.
The NIH Stetten Museum is pleased to announce that the NMR (nuclear magnetic resonance) exhibit will be installed on December 2, 2013 in the lobby of Building 50.
March is Women’s History Month. The Office of NIH History and Stetten Museum created a page to honor women scientists at NIH and highlight their contributions to public health and safety.
Alice Evans began work at the Hygienic Laboratory (forerunner of the NIH) in 1918 under Dr. George McCoy. She joined a dedicated team of women and men working to improve the serum treatment for epidemic meningitis.
Date: September 2, 1963 (Memoirs)
Margaret Pittman was the first woman to hold the position of laboratory chief at NIH, heading the Laboratory of Bacterial Products, Division of Biologics and Standards, from 1957 to 1971.
Interview date: December 8, 1988
The Office of NIH History holds photograph collections cataloged and uncataloged. Many can be found in Search Our Collections. To request images for use in publications or presentations contact the Office of History.
Recent publications by former fellows, based partly on their work as Stetten Fellows
David Cantor, Stress, Shock, and Adaptation in the Twentieth Century. Rochester, NY: University of Rochester Press, 2014.
Johanna Crane, Scrambling for Africa: AIDS, Expertise, and the Rise of American Global Health Science. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 2013.
Eric Boyle, Quack Medicine: A History of Combating Health Fraud in Twentieth-Century America. Praeger, 2013.
Leo B. Slater, War and disease: Biomedical Research on Malaria in the Twentieth Century. Rutgers University Press, 2009.
A ERNST LEITZ MICROSCOPE, ONE OF SEVERAL MICROSCOPES LOCATED IN THE STETTEN MUSEUM COLLECTION
| 27history
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Treatment & Detox Guide
As people age, they may tend to mix alcohol with prescription drugs. Disaster can ensue. Research suggests alcoholism among the elderly may not be diagnosed or is simply overlooked. Todd Wagner, clinical director at Blue Mountain Counseling in Dayton, said alcoholism among seniors is a growing problem, often going unnoticed. Maybe providers aren’t asking seniors….
While Alcoholics Anonymous (AA) has existed for more than 70 years, and is the most commonly sought source of help for alcohol-related problems in the United States, there is little “hard scientific evidence” showing that AA and Narcotics Anonymous (NA) can improve substance-use outcomes. This study examined how helpful AA and NA may be for….
She spent 30 years “wheedling, cajoling, arguing, fighting, threatening and blackmailing” her alcoholic husband. But it was only after attending a local Al-Anon Family Group, for the family and friends of alcoholics, that Mary* realised no one could stop her husband drinking except her husband himself. Mary, a former nurse in her 60s, and her….
Indian American women who are struggling with alcohol dependence, depression or substance abuse face unique challenges, according to a team of recovery professionals who are targeting the community. “Living here in the U.S. is a very major stress,” Arun Jethanandani, M.D., told India-West by phone from the Brookhaven Retreat in eastern Tennessee. “Many women have….
A New scheme to ban people from city centre pubs and clubs if they assault hospital staff after a night out has been welcomed by Health Minister Edwina Hart. But Alcohol Concern in Wales said while the idea is “useful”, it believes some of the root causes of drink-fuelled violence, such as irresponsible supermarket and….
| 57sociology
| 1
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|
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Professor Sheila Rowan (Credit: Suzanne Heffron)
In the next lecture of the Science and Society Series, Professor Sheila Rowan, Director of the Institute for Gravitational Research at the University of Glasgow, will discuss the nature of gravitational waves, the astrophysical events that can produce them and the technology of gravitational wave observatories.
The lecture will also discuss the recent results in this new field leading to the award of the Nobel Prize in Physics in 2017 for the detection of gravitational waves: turning on the soundtrack to the Universe.
The last two years have seen our ability to study our Universe change forever. For the first time we have been able to not only see the stars in the heavens, but to feel the very vibrations of the fabric of space-time produced when stars collide. In February 2016 the scientists of the international LIGO and Virgo collaborations announced the first detection of gravitational waves – tiny gravitational fluctuations sensed using instruments here on the Earth, but produced around 1.3 billion years ago far out in the cosmos when two dead stars – in this case ‘black-holes’ spiralled in and merged. The existence of such gravitational waves was first predicted by Einstein as part of his
‘General Theory of Relativity’ in 1916.
In the decades between then and now, searches for such signals have been the focus of scientists around the globe, including key work here in the UK.
Professor Sheila Rowan is Director of the Institute for Gravitational Research, University of Glasgow, a position she has held since 2009. She received an MBE in 2011.
Sheila’s research is targeted at developing optical materials for use in gravitational wave detectors. Her work formed part of the “Advanced LIGO” detector upgrades, carried out between 2010 and 2015, that contributed to one of the most significant scientific breakthroughs of this century: the first detection of gravitational waves announced in February 2016.
This resulted in a share of the 2016 Special Breakthrough Prize in Fundamental Physics for her and the members of her team in Glasgow. Professor Rowan was appointed Chief Scientific Adviser for Scotland in June 2016.
The event takes place on 5.30pm – 7pm, Tuesday, 24 April at the Leggate Theatre, Victoria Gallery & Museum. Admission is free but places must be booked in advance by visiting the events website: https://www.liverpool.ac.uk/events/event/?eventid=87600
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Straight-talking or rude and bullying - @realDonaldTrump's speaking style divides opinion. In our podcast, linguistics expert, Dr Karl Simms pins down the features of the 45th President's idiosyncratic style https://t.co/bIv4g9AZ1b #TrumpUKVisit
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| 3astronomy
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Whitney Houston – All at once
“All at once” had a strange road to success. Even the greatest stars there may face moments when a song reaches success with a delay. It may depend on release plans, but also on other reasons, and maybe on the destiny too. The unforgettable Whitney released this song in 1985. She released it in different periods in the different nations, without a real official video. Finally, the song reached the best popularity in 1987 when Whitney performed at the Music Awards. And she sang the song even in Italy, in Sanremo, where the audience asked for the encore, never happened before nor after!
Whitney Houston on Wikipedia
| 8celebrity
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Click the button above to prayer walk
a school in your capital city.
It’s time to send in reinforcements to the literal battlegrounds of every community in America. Let’s support a student-led movement of prayer INSIDE schools as we prayer walk OUTSIDE every middle and high school in our capital cities together!
Local Mobilizers recruit participants and track their city's progress with provided resources and strategy.
A mobilizer is a caring adult who recruits participants and tracks how many schools are prayer walked in their capital city.
• Each capital city's schools are broken up into Groups by CYC. Each Group is responsible for prayer walking the campuses on their provided list.
• The mobilizer delegates 1 person to lead each Group to ensure each school is covered. Group Leaders are encouraged to recruit others to join them for their prayer walk!
Register to receive your plan: school list, group schedules, and prayer walk guide!
| 10christianity
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|
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Not sure which of the delicious flavours to choose from? Then why not try our variety box. This trio contains one of each flavour from our range, Peking Duck Flavour, Smoked Sea Salt & Kampot Pepper and finally Habanero Chilli & Lemongrass. Guaranteed to satisfy any curious tastebuds.
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| 22food
| 1
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https://www.irishexaminer.com/breakingnews/business/govt-urged-to-make-ssia-type-top-ups-to-pension-accounts-240092.html
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The Pensions Board has recommended that the State top up contributions to Personal Retirement Savings Accounts in a similar way to the SSIA scheme.
In a review of the pensions situation published today, the board recommends a range of measures designed to boost pensions coverage.
The review was commissioned amid growing concerns about the fact that 900,000 private-sector employees have no pensions.
Commentators believe Ireland is facing a ‘pensions time-bomb’ unless action is taken to address this situation.
The most noteworthy aspect of today’s review is a proposal that the Government make contributions to PRSAs matching the sums being placed in the accounts by workers themselves.
PRSAs were introduced a number of years ago in an effort to increase the number of people with pensions, but they have so far failed to attract much interest.
Other recommendations contained in the review include allowing people limited access to PRSA funds before the age of 45, as well as higher tax relief for pension contributions and incentives for people to reinvest their SSIA savings in private pensions.
Minister for Social and Family Affairs Seamus Brennan has promised to consider the proposals, but said the cost of the measures would have to be evaluated before any decision was made.
| 57sociology
| 1
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https://nkiri.com/stay-close-s01-complete-tv-series/
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2023-06-10T04:00:51Z
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Download Stay Close S01 (TV series)
The lives of a photojournalist, a soccer mom and a homicide detective are disturbed by a terrible event from the past.
Status : Complete
Download Size for S03 These videos are around 80 MB
Download links for Stay Close S01 ( TV Series )
Download K drama Korean drama movies free.
Video Codec Video is encoded in x265 and it may not play on some phones without VLC or MX video player. It might not play on some TVs
This Post Has 3 Comments
Please upload all the queens men
i like this movie get me crazy
Admin please upload REIGN series
| 15drama_and_film
| 1
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https://www.myhouseholdshop.com/product/110v-electric-usb-tray-coffee-tea-drink-warmer-cup-glass-heater-beverage-mug-pad-black/
|
2020-09-23T22:05:05Z
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110v electric usb tray coffee tea drink warmer cup glass heater beverage mug pad – black
stylish design, compact size, perfect for your office desk. beverage warmer not only keeps your coffee but also be a craft on your table. 2. assembled with aviation aluminum frame and high temperature resistant tempered glass for durable using. water & dust resistance.
| 14design
| 1
|
https://kitchenhandsdown.com/kitchen-extras/why-your-children-are-not-helping-in-the-kitchen/
|
2024-04-12T23:13:56Z
|
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| 0.970521
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|
Preparing and cooking food with your children is quite a special activity which allows bonding and offers other benefits such as skill development by the children; however, most parents also worry about it.
Some parents often consider the kitchen a children-free zone area when they are preparing food due to the many hazards contained in the kitchen setting.
On the other hand, other parents like having their children lend a hand and get their small hands messy. They believe the mess and management of kitchen risks is part and parcel of the process.
There’s no right or wrong answer to allowing the children to lend a hand in your kitchen. It is really up to every parent and the child’s level of maturity.
So why are your kids not helping more, and what to do about it your kitchen?
1. You Demand Perfection
You cannot expect your little one to do a kitchen chore perfectly like you. You most likely were not so detailed at their age, either.
So, if you send the message -verbally or non-verbally- that you want your children to accomplish tasks within set timelines and at a certain high standard, children may feel under pressure and lose interest in helping out in the kitchen.
Solution: When you train your little one the kitchen chore, make sure you divide it into small simple steps.
This will help your little one master each task easily. It is best if you take pictures of your kids doing it and have a look at the pictures later together.
Once your little one takes charge of a chore, you can try reducing your control over the chore and allow your child the freedom to do it “their way”.
If your child knows you will do it, probably better and faster than they can, why would she or he bother trying? The only time you should interfere is if you observe a safety concern, in which case you should step in to avert an accident.
Concentrate on the positives, so your little one can be motivated to engage in more challenging chores.
You can achieve better results from kids by pointing to the positive attributes instead of criticizing their shortfalls with kitchen tasks.
Consider your response if somebody criticizes how you do a chore in the office, in contrast to when they find the positive in what you have done.
If your daughter uses lots of time to cook food in the kitchen as she chats the entire time on the phone, consider that it is truly up to her to make the food delicious.
2. Because DIY is easy
Involving children in kitchen chores is involving and probably slower than just doing it yourself. You probably already have a personal routine and rhythm that you follow to ensure you have tasty meals in record time and with as little mess as possible.
So, when kids are still young enough but want to start lending a hand in the kitchen, we put them off.
By the time they are old enough to be helpful, it will take a lot of time to train them after a long time of resisting their offer to help. Also, you may still think that it is still easier to DIY.
Apart from that, by the time they are at an age where they can help adequately, they get absorbed in other more thrilling quests and are not as willing to help anymore. For this reason, getting them engaged in offering a helping hand may prove frustrating.
Solution: You need to change your attitude about why children are doing chores in the kitchen.
It is not all about saving you time, at least not at the start, but about other benefits such as bonding and helping them to acquire important life skills.
It is learning life skills and experience how great it will feel to contribute. Look forward to spending time with your kids and training and supervising them in the kitchen.
It is time well spent even though you may end up expending more time that you would if you Do it Yourself.
The younger the children are when they start to do house chores, the better. Little ones often like lending a hand. It becomes harder to persuade older children to taken on tasks as they may already have developed their own hobbies and other interests.
From an early age, you should knowingly involve your kids in what you are doing in the kitchen, although it will take a lot more time. Ensure it’s enjoyable for them.
After that, kids start seeing themselves as adding something valuable. That is a fundamental human need, and kids, just like adults, take joy in that feeling that they are adding value.
If you have older kids, do you still want to work with them in the kitchen? If you would like your kids to enjoy kitchen tasks, the answer to this question should be a resounding ‘Yes.’
Instead of designating tasks, you can try to work as a team. It is best to have every child take part in a task in the kitchen while working with their siblings under the supervision of a parent.
The only work you have to do is coordinating, gently and politely correcting any issues that arise, and keeping things on course and fun in the kitchen.
For example, your 11-year-old can make the toast while your 13-year-old prepares eggs for breakfast. Yes, that’s truly realistic; however, you should be there as the coordinator to make sure all goes well.
Coordination in this case includes checking to ensure that the food does not burn, that kitchen hazards such as wet spills are quickly eliminated, that hygiene standards are maintained and that the food is well presented for dinner.
There is no reason why kids cannot enjoy making food for the entire family and even cleaning the dishes and leaving the kitchen clean by the time they are teenagers.
This can be achieved by ensuring that every family member is involved in cooking once weekly; however, it will take your participation overtime to reach that point.
3. Because children do not have time
Today, children spend hours in class, and plenty of hours getting the homework done.
If they take part in activities such as music, sports or other activities, they are needed to spend a great amount of time doing their practices.
In addition to the various activities keeping children busy, there is also the competing screen time, whether it is watching something on a phone, tablet, computer or the television.
Control of screen time to healthy and acceptable levels is a major challenge in parenting today.
By the time children reach middle school, they usually don’t have time to play. When they are in high school, they usually don’t have time to sleep.
Solution: During your child’s school year, provide him or her with responsibilities that they can tackle one to two hours on each day of the weekend.
After that, as summertime starts, discuss responsibility and come up with a schedule that will need your child to participate more.
Use the opportunity when they are not in school to train them in life skills and make a real contribution to the kitchen and the entire house.
4. Because children don’t like chores / More fun things to do
It is a sensible attitude, as the majority of adults find it boring to do kitchen chores. After all, children have lots of other, more fascinating, demands on their time.
With more fun activities for children to engage in, it is no wonder that the kids truly cannot see why it matters if the kitchen floor is swept.
Solution: You should make it about mastery and enjoyment. Keep in mind that if you make the experience of contributing to the family seem like a task; your little one will stay away from chores completely.
Rather, think about this as an opportunity for your little one to enjoy becoming great at something.
Point out whenever your child is able to complete a certain task masterfully and point it out with gratitude.
Help the kids understand that it is a big deal, a positive attribute, to be able to start a chore, consistently work on it until it is complete, and do it well.
In due course, your kids will come to enjoy the achievement of work done properly and even pride themselves in being able to cook and clean well.
Ensure it is about gratitude and relationship. You should recognize that your little one does not see much essential value in kitchen work unless you are doing it with your child.
Rather than sending your child off to do some work alone, see the joint undertaking and completion of kitchen chores as a chance of bonding with your child.
Play your child’s favorite song and sing along as you engage in the tasks. Discover the fun of working together and motivate your child with it. Let them know the importance of having them as your help.
Keep in mind that anybody can resist less if they feel that they have the freedom to make decisions about which tasks to do.
In addition, it won’t hurt having a bit of motivation waiting after Saturday morning family cleaning chores, like a visit to the zoo or other fun activities.
5. Because children need your help but it is not forthcoming
Children do require a helping hand occasionally; it is important for them to feel that this assistance is available whenever they need it.
It helps restore confidence to them that you are there to nurture and protect them. What’s more, the kids work hard to keep it together at school the entire day.
So, when they get back home, they require lots of opportunities in the house to unwind and allow their baby-selves emerge.
If your kids miss these opportunities to unwind and feel like children, you can be certain the baby-selves will emerge by resisting to help when you ask the child to lend a hand in the kitchen.
Solution: Be ready to help your little ones when they ask for help and do so without scolding them, especially when they ask for help with tasks which you know they are capable of doing without your assistance. That may be a call for your attention.
When you are certain your kids are getting their need to feel “looked after” met when they ask for a helping hand with a chore in the kitchen which you know they can do, support them. Encourage them but allow them to deal with it.
6. Children may forget their duties
It is important to understand that even children have competing priorities for their young lives. Often, household chores may not rank as a priority in their list and so they may end up forgetting about the tasks.
It should be expected that lighter and more fun activities may take precedence over the less interesting tasks, especially after a long day in school.
Parents should not hesitate to remind their kids about their pending responsibilities. Expect the kids to whine a little but encourage them to do the tasks all the same. You can even offer to team up with them to complete the task.
Solution: Never quit, and do not become frustrated whenever your children forget their tasks. Kitchen tasks won’t be a top priority on your little one’s list, and that is okay.
Maintain your sense of humor. After that, when your little one whines about helping out around the home or requires reminding, gently emphasize and reiterate your expectations.
Employ some humor in the reminders as this may help your child to associate the tasks with something funny and perhaps increase the likelihood that they will remember the task in the future.
It is best to write a routine on paper that will include the duties that everybody has committed to and then be consistent and happy about your expectations.
Having a routine and being consistent with it is the only way of creating a habit. Your aim is to have chores, just like you would with any good habits, entrenched as a habit so your little one does it automatically.
After all, your kids do not have lots of motivation to put the plates in the dishwasher. Because of this, the only reason they might have to do it at the start of this routine is that you will be on their face, gently reminding them until the job gets done.
After some time, it will just be a habit; this is our routine after a meal, and usually, you don’t need to remind them.
Keep in mind that reminding your child about kitchen chores does not mean fault-finding. Your tone of voice will determine which group the reminders fall into.
You can experiment with becoming silly when you need to remind your little one about a chore until everybody laughs. The nervousness will vanish, and any power struggle will vanish.
Your dissatisfaction with the need to remind your children will vanish. And as soon as there is enjoyment and lightness about it, you may even discover that your little one doesn’t need pushing.
Like most of us, when kids know that doing a specific chore in the kitchen will get them a warm thank you, hug, or smile, they are more likely to get it done.
On the other hand, if you hold the view that your kids should do the chore without reminders and constantly feel irritated about them forgetting and you having to give them reminders, you can get bad-tempered, and the entire interaction is full of nervousness.
Yes, you’ll need to put in more effort to ensure your little one puts the dishes in the sink after a meal than it would require if you were to do it yourself.
However, the extra effort in reminding your child and offering any assistance will prove worth it in the long run. Over time, the chores will be a habit, such as brushing of teeth.
One day your child will make a meal, and you will realize you have an all-grown-up person who can look after himself and others, which helps make a genuine contribution.
7. Children are not motivated or rewarded
Children, just like adults, may require motivation from time to time. They may also feel that there are no benefits to engaging in the task or it is a waste of time.
When children begin to feel unappreciated or like their work is not valued, they may lose motivation to help and stop engaging in kitchen chores.
Also, it could be that getting them engaged requires immense persuasion and that even when you finally get them to engage, they do the chores reluctantly or hurriedly just to get it done without doing it well.
Such an approach can end up being very frustrating for the children and can cause a parent to lose their cool,
Solution: All human beings like to be rewarded for a job well done. Appreciating effort and rewarding it will give better results than scolding or not expressing your appreciation perhaps because you feel the standard of delivery of the chores is still subpar.
Instead, look for what your child has done well and heap praises on them. This reinforces that positive habit and encourages them to do well in other chores.
As you continually praise them for a job well done in various tasks, their delivery will get better with time.
Develop an objective reward system so that your child will know that certain positive actions always attract a certain reward.
Such a system is also helpful in a household with more than one child as they also can get to do a self-assessment and know which rewards follow which actions.
An objective reward system approach promotes a sense of certainty and fairness in a home setting since the children get to know that positive acts are always accompanied by certain rewards.
Remember the idea is not to praise them for the sake of praising them, but only to give praise when it is deserved. When you feel they have not done a good job, find a gentle way of correcting them.
However, unless you are predisposed to always seeing the glass half empty as opposed to half full, you will always find something praiseworthy in the work your children have done to help in the kitchen.
Praises and rewards might be the magic wand you need to see your kids taking a more active role in the kitchen, so swish away!
| 54psychology
| 1
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https://www.dlinnovations.com/us/news-events/
|
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Check out the latest news and events featuring Digital Light Innovations (DLi) the World Leader In DLP® Light Exploration.
Digital Light Innovations is proud to now offer SugarCUBE™ LED Light Sources to its customers through the online DLi Store. Click here to learn more about each type of SugarCUBE and purchase today! Overview These light sources are super bright fiber optic illuminators which deliver up to 20-55 lumens per watt. SugarCUBE starts with the brightest sources available […]>> Read More
The CEL5500-LED Light Engine + Fiber Block Assembly gives users the best of both the CEL5500-LED Light Engine and the CEL5500-Fiber Light Engine. With the addition of the Fiber Block Assembly, users have the option to easily switch between LED and Fiber configurations without the need to purchase multiple DLP® light engines. In this how-to video, we take […]>> Read More
The DLi Micro Dives series takes a closer look at the features and specifications of DLi’s products, including details about software, product setup, as well as optics & illumination. In this Micro Dive, we take a deeper look into the optics of the 3DLP9000 UV Light Engine, including the illumination block, main body and projection […]>> Read More
DLi’s CEL5500 Compact Embeddable Light Engine is a modular, production-ready projection platform designed to provide users with a multi-functional, ready-to-use DLP® solution. The flexible, scalable architecture of the CEL5500 allows for a variety of illumination configurations to meet research, development and volume production needs. Learn more about the features of the CEL5500 Light Engines in this DLi […]>> Read More
The DLi Micro Dives series takes a closer look at the features and specifications of DLi’s products, including details about software, product setup, as well as optics & illumination. In the second of this two-part video, DLi shows you how to set up pattern sequences and the GUI controls for your 3DLP9000 UV Light Engine. With […]>> Read More
“Overall DMDs are extremely robust and promise to provide a reliable alternative to microshutter arrays to be used in space as remotely programmable slit masks for MOS design” Multiobject spectrometers (MOSs) have benefitted from the use of digital micromirror devices (DMDs) as programmable slit masks in ground-based applications because of the high reliability and accuracy […]>> Read More
| 46optical_engineering
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https://www.export.gov/article?id=Turkmenistan-oil-and-gas-production
|
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Turkmenistan - Oil and Gas ProductionTurkmenistan - Oil and Gas
This is a best prospect industry sector for this country. Includes a market overview and trade data.Turkmenistan is rich in oil and especially gas resources. According to official figures, Turkmenistan’s resource base is approximately 71.64 billion tons of oil equivalent, including 53 billion tons located in onshore fields and 18.21 billion tons in the Caspian Sea. The Government of Turkmenistan announced at May’s Turkmenistan Gas Conference it s reserves were 50.4 trillion cubic meters (tcm). International estimates, however, vary. The 2016 British Petroleum (BP) Statistical Review of World Energy indicated that Turkmenistan, as of the end of 2015, had 100 million tons of proven oil reserves and 17.5 tcm of gas. According to the same report Turkmenistan, with a local annual consumption of 34.3 bcm of gas, produced 72.4 bcm of natural gas in 2015 and exported 27.7, 2.8, and 7.2 bcm to China, Russia and Iran respectively. As of 30 November 2016, the China National Petroleum Corporation (CNPC) reported that the accumulated volume of natural gas exported from Turkmenistan to China reached 152.9 bcm (over 121 bcm as of November 2015) inlcuding 100.5 bcm produced by TurkmenGas and 52.4 bcm produced in Bagtyyarlyk Contractual Area, thus importing 31.9 bcm in total from November 2015 to November 2016. The State Committee of Statistics of Turkmenistan reported a total production of 71.9bcm in 2015. In 2011, the British firm Gaffney, Cline, & Associates conducted an audit of the country’s Galkynysh (formerly South Yoloten) gas field and concluded that it holds between 13.1 tcm and 21.2 tcm of natural gas, making it the second-largest natural gas field in the world. According to Turkmenistan’s State Statistics Committee, Turkmenistan produced about 12.2 billion tons of oil, including gas condensate, in 2015. According to official figures, the Turkmenbashy Complex of Oil Refineries produced 270 thousand tons of liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) in 2014 with no official data released for 2015 and 2016.
Oil & Gas:
|2014||2015||2016 (Estimated)||2017 (Estimated)|
|Total Local Production||76.2||71.9||74||*|
Imports from the US
|Total Market Size||35.2||34.2||34||*|
* No statistics or estimates available.
Information in this table is based on 2016 Statistical Yearbook of Turkmenistan, BP Statistical Review of World Energy 2016 and publicly available statements of oil & gas sector officials.Modern geological exploration technologies; seismic imaging software; drilling equipment and pipes; field development equipment; well rehabilitation services; offshore production equipment and services. Exploration and development of oil and natural gas fields, especially Galkynysh (formerly South Yoloten), Osman, Minara, Tagtabazar-I, offshore blocks, and the Central Karakum group of fields. Construction of gas treatment and processing units at the abovementioned fields. Opportunities also exist for gas-to-liquid (GTL) technology providers as Turkmenistan is currently building two GTL plants.
Turkmenistan Energy Trade Development and Promotion
| 49petroleum_and_natural_gas_engineering
| 1
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https://www.musicxray.com/
|
2015-04-18T08:43:19Z
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A level playing field for musicians
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Kevin "Coach K" Lee and his label Quality Control Music are seeking upcoming rappers, producers and songwriters. Please submit your best original work for consideration.
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Seeking Classic Rock compositions for nationally run Autozone commercial campaign - $6.5K
PayoutWe are seeking full mixed and mastered compositions for placement for in a series of nationally run AutoZone commercials.
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| 18entertainment
| 1
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https://www.stephanbleek.de/en/2020/02/14/the-man-who-planted-trees/
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2024-04-21T18:35:58Z
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“It was immediately agreed that I should stay the night; the next village was more than a day’s journey from here.
“The shepherd, who did not smoke, fetched a small sack and poured a pile of acorns on the table. He set about examining them carefully, separating the good from the bad. I smoked my pipe. I offered to help him. But he said this was already his business.
“This man spread peace around him. The next morning, I asked him if I could rest with him for the rest of the day. He drove his flock out of the stable and led them to pasture. Before leaving, he soaked the sack with the carefully selected and counted acorns in a bucket of water. I noticed that instead of a stick, he took an iron bar as thick as his thumb and about a metre and a half long.”
“When he had arrived where he wanted to go, he began to drive his iron rod into the ground. So he made a hole and put an acorn in it, then he closed it again. He planted oak trees. I asked him if the land belonged to him. No, he replied. (…) I must have been very persistent in my questioning for him to reply. For three years he has planted trees in this solitude. He had already planted 100,000. Of the 100,000, 20,000 had been planted. Of these 20,000, he reckoned that he would lose half of them due to rodents or circumstances that could not be foreseen in the plans of Providence. So there remained 10,000 that sprang up where there had been nothing before.”
“So the 1910 oak trees were ten years old and higher than me and him. This spectacle was impressive, I was literally speechless, and because he didn’t talk either, we spent the whole day walking around the forest in silence. He measured in three sections eleven kilometers in length and three kilometers in the greatest width. When you remembered that all this came from the hands and heart of this man, without any technical means, it occurred to you that people in other areas could be as creative as God, not only in destruction.”
| 35literature
| 1
|
https://bullbikes.com/en/buscar?search_query=all
|
2019-12-10T10:04:13Z
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2019-51/segments/1575540527205.81/warc/CC-MAIN-20191210095118-20191210123118-00359.warc.gz
| 0.866902
| 122
|
CC-MAIN-2019-51
|
webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2019-51__0__6625452
|
en
|
Exercising over a long period of time leads to the depletion of muscle glycogen stores and the reduction of electrolyte levels. Then, the energy levels will be low, and consequently, the performance will be affected. ElectroFuel contains a mixture of carbohydrates, electrolytes and coconut water powder to combat these effects.
Developed with top Mavic athletes, the Crossmax SLR UST Mountain Bike Wheel sets a new standard in the Cross-country world: system performance for only 1440g! A new extra-light 19 mm rim reduces inertia to its minimum while the ITS-4 free-wheel
| 9chemistry
| 1
|
http://www.esrl.noaa.gov/gsd/media/hotitems/2005/05Jun29-2.html
|
2015-09-03T10:59:41Z
|
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| 0.887455
| 462
|
CC-MAIN-2015-35
|
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|
ESRL Global Systems Division
GPS-Met Project's Water Vapor Data Now Used by NWS Weather Models
Tuesday, June 28, 2005 marks a major milestone for the Ground-Based GPS Meteorology project, established at the NOAA Forecast Systems Laboratory in 1994. For the first time, GPS integrated precipitable water vapor data (GPS-IPW) are being used by a National Weather Service operational weather model running at the NOAA National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP). This model upgrade, the 13-km Rapid Update Cycle (RUC), helps produce much improved moisture information at finer horizontal resolutions. The RUC incorporates GPS-IPW data along with moisture data from the GOES satellites, weather balloons, and surface instruments. With each hourly cycle, the RUC model produces a more accurate picture of the atmospheric moisture pattern using the most recent GPS-IPW data.
The FSL GPS-Met project was established in response to the need for improved moisture observations to support weather forecasting, climate monitoring, and atmospheric research. As the source of clouds and precipitation, water vapor is one of the most important components of the Earth's atmosphere. Indeed, it plays a critical role in the global climate system. As the most plentiful greenhouse gas, water vapor absorbs and radiates energy from the sun, and affects the formation of clouds and aerosols and the chemistry of the lower atmosphere.
In collaboration with other NOAA laboratories and federal, state, and local agencies, FSL has demonstrated the usefulness of GPS-Met in observing water vapor, which is currently under-observed. Most upper-air moisture observations are made by weather balloons that are launched twice daily and are spaced ~250 miles apart. Satellites also provide some observations, but do not provide water vapor information under cloudy conditions. Other ground-based instruments are expensive, require frequent calibration, and may not work well under all weather conditions. Because GPS-Met provides IPW data every 30 minutes at over 300 sites in the United States in all weather conditions and at a very low cost, it is considered a valuable atmospheric observing system for the future. GPS-Met is also used in cross-checking the validity of other observing systems, important in assuring that the systems are operating as designed.
Name: Seth Gutman
| 17electronic_science
| 1
|
https://broadbandnow.com/Texas/Harwood
|
2022-05-20T17:56:11Z
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-21/segments/1652662533972.17/warc/CC-MAIN-20220520160139-20220520190139-00131.warc.gz
| 0.905024
| 604
|
CC-MAIN-2022-21
|
webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2022-21__0__238259698
|
en
|
Internet Providers in Harwood, TX
Residential Internet Statistics for Harwood, TX
|Internet Service Providers:||6|
|Plans Start From:||$29.95|
|Top Download Speed:||100 Mbps|
|Fastest Connection Type:||DSL|
Top Internet Providers in Harwood, Texas:
Showing 1 to 8 Providers
Looking for internet plans in your area?
Internet Access in Harwood, Texas
The average household in Harwood can get service from 4-5 companies This is a lot of choice contrasted with other cities. Robust competition often results in lower regional pricing.
Coverage from the two most common providers, Viasat Internet and HughesNet, as a rule, will overlap. As a result, the decision between Viasat and HughesNet is a common one.
The plans shown above are collected individually through our data science division. We've gathered 0 plans in Harwood since 2014.
GVTC Communications is currently the third largest wired broadband provider in Harwood as measured by coverage area, available for 83 percent of local addresses. Ranch Wireless is another company worth knowing about — while fixed wireless Internet isn't as well known as cable, it it offers similar speed and quality.
Satellite is the main kind of Internet present in Harwood worth considering. Enter a zip in the search bar above to search our database for more detailed results in your neighborhood.
Are you a journalist or researcher writing about this topic?
Contact us and we'll connect you with a broadband market expert on our team who can provide insights and data to support your work.
Summary Of Fastest Internet Providers In Harwood, Texas
|Provider||Speed||Type||Time To Download 1 GB||Availability|
|Viasat Internet||100 Mbps||Satellite||1m 21s||100.0%|
|HughesNet||25 Mbps||Satellite||5m 27s||100.0%|
|AT&T Internet||100 Mbps||IPBB and Fixed Wireless||1m 21s||21.0%|
|GVTC Communications||12 Mbps||DSL||11m 22s||83.7%|
86.8% of consumers in Harwood700 People Only have access to 1 or fewer wired internet providers available at their address.
This data is calculated from FCC datasets which providers are legally required to supply twice a year. We further validate this data for accuracy.
The “Connected” metric is a citywide average based on FCC data showing the density of broadband options at the census block level.
This statistic is drawn from the population in census blocks not served by at least one wired broadband provider.
25 Mbps download and 3 Mbps upload is the minimum speed for an Internet connection to be classified as “Broadband” by the FCC.
| 59statistics
| 1
|
https://gadgets360.com/moto-g50-5g-price-in-india-103969
|
2022-08-08T10:26:37Z
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570793.14/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808092125-20220808122125-00796.warc.gz
| 0.910845
| 353
|
CC-MAIN-2022-33
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webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2022-33__0__172971697
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en
|
Moto G50 5G mobile was launched on 25th August 2021. The phone comes with a 6.50-inch display offering a resolution of 720x1600 pixels at a pixel density of 269 pixels per inch (ppi) and an aspect ratio of 20:9.Moto G50 5G comes with 4GB, 6GB of RAM. The Moto G50 5G runs Android 11 and is powered by a 5000mAh battery.
As far as the cameras are concerned, the Moto G50 5G on the rear packs a triple camera setup featuring a 48-megapixel (f/1.7) primary camera; a 2-megapixel (f/2.4) camera, and a 2-megapixel (f/2.4) camera. It has a single front camera setup for selfies, featuring a 13-megapixel sensor with an f/2.0 aperture.
Moto G50 5G is based on Android 11 and packs 64GB, 128GB of inbuilt storage that can be expanded via microSD card (up to 1000GB). The Moto G50 5G is a dual-SIM (GSM) mobile that accepts Regular and Nano-SIM cards. The Moto G50 5G measures 167.00 x 76.40 x 9.26mm (height x width x thickness) and weighs 206.00 grams. It was launched in Meteorite Grey colour.
Connectivity options on the Moto G50 5G include Wi-Fi 802.11 a/b/g/n/ac, GPS, NFC, USB Type-C , and 5G. Sensors on the phone include accelerometer, ambient light sensor, gyroscope, proximity sensor, and fingerprint sensor.
| 12communication_engineering
| 1
|
http://vodly.to/watch-2130699-Never-Let-Me-Go
|
2014-10-02T08:24:04Z
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2014-41/segments/1412037663739.33/warc/CC-MAIN-20140930004103-00450-ip-10-234-18-248.ec2.internal.warc.gz
| 0.849939
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|
CC-MAIN-2014-41
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webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2014-41__0__156593723
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en
|
Never Let Me Go: As children, Ruth, Kathy and Tommy, spend their childhood at a seemingly idyllic English boarding school. As they grow into young adults, they find that they have to come to terms with the strength of the love they feel for each other, while preparing themselves for the haunting reality that awaits them.
Never Let Me Go (2010) Links
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| 15drama_and_film
| 1
|
https://www.teacherspayteachers.com/Product/Number-Puzzles-Spring-Number-Puzzles-2355302
|
2017-12-14T01:39:35Z
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-51/segments/1512948532873.43/warc/CC-MAIN-20171214000736-20171214020736-00087.warc.gz
| 0.833758
| 203
|
CC-MAIN-2017-51
|
webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2017-51__0__3382753
|
en
|
Add these number puzzles to your math center during the spring season or your spring unit.
My “Spring Number Puzzles” set includes 15 number puzzles. 14 number (1-5) puzzles and 1 number (1-10) puzzle.
Boy standing in the rain
Girl feeding the ducks
House in the spring
Pink flowering tree
Tree starting to grow green leaves
Duck with umbrella
Duck in puddle
"April Showers Bring May Flowers"
Duck in umbrella
Frog on mushroom
Baby ducks following mommy duck (1-10 puzzle)
Preparation needed: Print, laminate and cut.
Activity: Have students put together puzzles by putting the numbers in correct number order.
***Be sure to take a look at my other spring activities
12 Spring Color, Cut & Glue Puzzles
30 Umbrella Pattern Cards
30 Ducks in the Rain Pattern Cards
30 Spring Tree Pattern Cards
You may also be interested in my Easter activities
| 37mathematics
| 1
|
https://serenityspashop.com/Gifts-Serenity-Spa-Shop/mens-gifts
|
2018-08-19T03:48:29Z
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2018-34/segments/1534221214691.99/warc/CC-MAIN-20180819031801-20180819051801-00716.warc.gz
| 0.869556
| 454
|
CC-MAIN-2018-34
|
webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2018-34__0__51552464
|
en
|
Yes, We Have Gifts For Men!
We cannot forgot the special men in our lives, right? Serenity Spa Shop has made it super easy for you to find the perfect gift for your man.
Browse through our Men’s Gift category and you fill find products such as our super popular Men’s Bath Bomb Set. Or how about our Metallo Men’s Face Cream?
Check back often as we are constantly adding new and exciting goodies foe your perfect guy!
Super Popular Activated Charcoal Whipped Soap
Did you know that ACTIVATED CHARCOAL has&..
Welcome to High Country Beard and Hair oil spray which is made with natural, high quality oils that ..
Black Musk for your Special Guy!
Serenity Spa Shop loves Black Musk for Men! We think y..
Cool Mountain Air After Shave Salve’s special formula contains rich, healing butters and oils s..
Extra Creamy Coconut Whipped Soap
What could be better than Creamy Coconut Whipped Soap..
Erupt Natural Foot Scrub with Volcanic Ash
Serenity Spa Shop loves our totally nat..
Nothing gets you cleaner than Grandma’s Pure & Natural Lye Soap!
Has NO detergents, ..
Green Tea Body Fragrance for Men
All Natural Men’s Luxe Balm
Finally a lip balm made especially for men! Serenity Spa Sh..
Serenity Spa Shop LOVES this Men’s Bath Bomb Gift Set!
Come on you know you want to tre..
Men's Natural, Aluminum Free Black Amber & Lavender Deodorant
Serenity Spa Shop is ..
Men's Natural Face Care Set with Tamanu Oil
Men care about their skin too and this migh..
Men's North Woods After Shave Balm
Serenity Spa Shop is thrilled to offer the pure..
Metallo Men’s All Natural Anti-Aging Face Cream
Serenity Spa Shop welcomes Metallo’..
Metallo Men’s Organic Grooming Gift Set
Men like quality products just as much as w..
| 6beauty
| 1
|
http://newmoviereleasesdvd.loginby.com/tag/adopting/
|
2013-05-19T11:44:15Z
|
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| 0.95461
| 415
|
CC-MAIN-2013-20
|
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en
|
A representative of actress Jennifer Aniston has denied reports that she is adopting a baby. Rumours have been making rounds that Aniston is in the process of adopting a child from Mexico. “It is completely false. Jennifer is not adopting a baby from Mexico, nor does she have a nursery in her home and she [...] Continue reading Aniston not adopting baby
Tag Archive: adopting
Is Britney Spears adopting? She’s already got a hit dance track — “Hold It Against Me” — steaming up the iTunes charts and an eagerly awaited new album set for release in March, but celebrity informants tell Australia’s New Weekly that Spears is most excited about the possibility of adopting a child from overseas later [...] Continue reading Britney Spears Adopting?
Kim Kardashian’s a regular Angelina Jolie…. Kim’s a 30-year-old woman with access to the Internet, newspapers, and TV – but the socialite was apparently “shocked” that so many cute babies in South Africa are without parents to care for them. The sultry singleton is considering adopting an orphaned child from The Motherland after a recent [...] Continue reading Kim Kardashian Adopting South African Orphan?
She may have divorced her husband, but Eva Longoria won’t let that stop her from adopting children. The Desperate Housewives actress, who split from her basketball star husband Tony Parker after finding out that he had been texting one of her girlfriends, wants to adopt a child from Haiti as a single mother. Longoria, who [...] Continue reading Divorce won’t stop me adopting, says Eva Longoria
Is Madge adding another African orphan to the collection? Word on The Curb has it that Madonna is off to Malawi to pick out a third adopted tot to join her family. The 52-year-old has adopted two children — David and Mercy Grace — from the impoverished nation in recent years, and according to reports, [...] Continue reading Madonna Adopting Again?
| 8celebrity
| 1
|
https://briefly.co.za/76851-not-zodwa-wabantu-pens-letter-boyfriend-ntobeko.html
|
2021-02-25T14:19:16Z
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-10/segments/1614178351134.11/warc/CC-MAIN-20210225124124-20210225154124-00010.warc.gz
| 0.977946
| 611
|
CC-MAIN-2021-10
|
webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2021-10__0__216890548
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|
- Zodwa Wabantu can't seem to get enough of her ex-boyfriends as she has made contact with another one
- The exotic dancer penned an open letter to Ntobeko and asked him to make an appearance on the new season of her reality show
- Her latest stunt was met with major side-eye from Mzansi social media users
PAY ATTENTION: Click “See First” under the “Following” tab to see Briefly.co.za News on your News Feed!
Zodwa Wabantu has written an open letter to her ex-toyboy, Ntobeko. The entertainer dated Ntobeko before she moved on to Vusi Ngubane. She had even paid lobola for Ntobeko and was ready to marry him before things came crashing down.
She has now taken to social media to share a letter she wrote to him. The media personality is preparing to start filming a new season of her reality TV show and wants Ntobeko to be a part of it.
Dear Ntobeko, I'm a businesswoman, can we give people what they want. There are so many questions they want you to answer from Season 1. We are both in different relationships but iJob iJob. #NtobekoOnZodwaWabantuShow"
Social media users were not too impressed by her antics. Twitter user MaudeKunene said:
"I think she wants to create yet another publicity stunt and be paid for it."
"You will never dump Zodwa and get away with it... Woza la Ntobeko."
"Being sugar mommy, it's form of business? My aunt wants to know."
"What is it that people want?"
"It will end in tears."
READ ALSO: Songstress Shekhinah bares all in brave post about self image
Meanwhile, Briefly.co.za previously reported that Zodwa Wabantu is spitting fire and her anger is directed at ex-Ben 10 Vusi Ngubane. The exotic dancer is accusing her former lover of scamming her of her hard-earned money and using it to spoil his gorgeous new bae.
Social media was set ablaze on Tuesday morning after a video of a fuming Zodwa was shared online.
Zodwa alleges that Vusi scammed her and used her name to purchase an Audi recently. According to Zodwa, Audi had sponsored her for the Durban July but she ended up not taking the vehicle. She further claims that Vusi approached the dealership, using her name, and managed to get a car at a discounted rate.
Enjoyed reading our story? Download BRIEFLY's news app on Google Play now and stay up-to-date with major South African news!
| 8celebrity
| 1
|
http://dmh0.blogspot.com/2010/08/organ-installation-continues.html
|
2018-05-22T23:38:55Z
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2018-22/segments/1526794864999.62/warc/CC-MAIN-20180522225116-20180523005116-00419.warc.gz
| 0.959098
| 243
|
CC-MAIN-2018-22
|
webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2018-22__0__207413958
|
en
|
Here are some more pictures of the organ arriving and being installed.
John and I have been having interesting discussions about organ pipes: I can remember some of the basic physics, but not the equations. The sound is made by a standing wave within the pipe which depends on the length of the pipe between the mouth (the slit at the bottom) and the end. Some of the pipes are open-ended (the metal ones n our organ) and some have plugs at the end so are closed (the wooden ones). The closed pipes resonate at half the frequency (one octave lower) than an open pipe of the same length. Also, according to Wikipedia, an open pipe produces odd- and even-numbered harmonics whereas a closed or stopped pipe produces only odd-numbered harmonics.
The pipes are tuned by slightly altering their length. You can see the sleeves on the metal pipes in the picture below. Sliding these up and down change the length – and so the pitch – slightly. The stopped wooden pipes have a movable stopper which can lengthen or shorten the resonant chamber thus altering the pitch. We did discuss how the different tones are made – but this got beyond my physics.
| 52physics
| 1
|
http://www.dslreports.com/forum/r27892648-If-you-had-to-recommend-one-PC-game-what-would-it-be-~start=40
|
2015-03-06T11:35:04Z
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2015-11/segments/1424936468536.58/warc/CC-MAIN-20150226074108-00018-ip-10-28-5-156.ec2.internal.warc.gz
| 0.959409
| 423
|
CC-MAIN-2015-11
|
webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2015-11__0__124767858
|
en
|
Battleground Europe has been around for almost 12 years now and it's free-to-play. F2P allows building captures & limits certain equipment/vehicle usage but with unlimited time. There are no microtransactions, but if you decide you like the game then you can upgrade your subscription to a monthly fee. It is one persistent server and there can be hundreds and hundreds of players on at the same time from all over the world. Town battles can last hours and maps last months at a time.
Vehicles are modeled with realistic armor and penetration values and use no hitpoints.
There are also fighters, bombers and naval warfare. I know the graphics are outdated, but for those of you looking for a Player vs. Player combined Arms WWII sim, give it a try. Ive been playing it off and on for the past 10 years. Hopefully those who try it will formulate their own opinions on whether or not it's worth a download.
P.S.-Join a good active squad, it really makes the gaming experience that much better. Most squads use their own Teamspeak server or the Allied/Axis server provided by the company. S! and good luck
I can't decide between, Tribes(The original tribes), Starcraft Broodwars, or Battlefield 2(pre patch1.4 that killed bunny hopping opness)... The first to basically sum up my first exposure to online competitive gaming back on dat 56k.
Everquest for me. Nothing else comes close to the first release of EQ and the sheer size of the world it brought. This is the game that defined MMORPG from the onset (my opinion). Ive never been so involved in game where running across the continent was not only time consuming, but the actual event of running across was thrilling. Seeing my first Hill giant in the distance, getting on board boats to cross the oceans. The first time running around a city. This game and no other game since has had the same initial feeling. WoW came close but not the same. The game went downhill once Sony took over
| 24game
| 1
|
https://www.wmur.com/article/watch-rain-gusty-winds/36300447
|
2021-07-30T02:37:34Z
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-31/segments/1627046153899.14/warc/CC-MAIN-20210729234313-20210730024313-00558.warc.gz
| 0.961761
| 328
|
CC-MAIN-2021-31
|
webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2021-31__0__29221131
|
en
|
Watch: Rain, gusty winds
Low pressure departing from MA will allow rain to continue across the state, and gusty winds to build Friday. It's brighter and warmer for the first half of the weekend.
Periods of rain will continue across the central and northern half of the state on Friday, with the heaviest concentrated across the North Country. Hints of sunshine are expected further south during the afternoon.
Highs will climb into the middle 50s, with several towns across SE NH reaching the low 60s. Wind gusts will climb to 30-45 MPH during the afternoon, which will be concentrated south of the Lakes Region.
Periods of rain and terrain snow showers will continue through midnight, but dry air filtering in from the northwest will rapidly dry out moisture as we head into Saturday morning.
Any clouds early Saturday will give way to bright sunshine in the afternoon as high pressure builds in from the west. A persistent northwest wind will gust near 30 MPH, as highs climb into the upper 50s
Sunshine early Sunday will give way to clouds during the afternoon, with scattered showers, especially across the northern half of the state. Highs are much more Spring-like, with several cities and towns surging into the upper 60s.
An initial push of high pressure from the south early next week will be pushed south by a slow moving area of low pressure cutting across the Great Lakes.
This pattern is favorable for unsettled weather and ultimately repeated rain chances, mainly from mid-week through next weekend. This will continue to displace drought conditions across the state.
Have a great weekend!
| 19environmental_science
| 1
|
https://www.mixcloud.com/whitelie-berlin/
|
2019-01-20T23:35:03Z
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2019-04/segments/1547583743003.91/warc/CC-MAIN-20190120224955-20190121010955-00411.warc.gz
| 0.951876
| 87
|
CC-MAIN-2019-04
|
webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2019-04__0__187714987
|
en
|
Swedish born Berlin-based DJ. Frequent contributor at Le Mellotron and Rinse France. Curator of Dear Dancers Disco Club. White Lie has played in renowned clubs such as OHM, Griessmuhle, Sameheads and Prince Charles. Constantly demonstrating her diversity in taste and style, she’s recently played gigs in Paris, Copenhagen, Bucharest. Gothenburg, and Stockholm.
| 42music_and_dance
| 1
|
https://rawbeautystudio.com/store-front/mens-fragrance/burberry-mens-fragrance/burberry-touch-by-burberry-edt-spray-100ml/
|
2020-11-29T22:15:57Z
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2020-50/segments/1606141203418.47/warc/CC-MAIN-20201129214615-20201130004615-00501.warc.gz
| 0.866047
| 119
|
CC-MAIN-2020-50
|
webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2020-50__0__103522815
|
en
|
Burberry Touch By Burberry EDT Spray 100ml
or 4 payments of $21.18 with Afterpay
Burberry Touch is an incredible Burberry Men’s Eau de Toilette Spray.
Woody and musky this masculine scent has among its notes.
Violet Mandarin Pepper Virginia Cedarwood Oakmoss Vetiver
Raw Beauty Studio is Australian owned and operated, and we take great pride in providing quality products at exceptional prices, all backed up by the best brands and customer service.
Only logged in customers who have purchased this product may leave a review.
| 6beauty
| 1
|
http://www.framingthedialogue.com/archives/true-american-hero-bishop-john-m-darcy/
|
2020-05-29T19:31:42Z
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2020-24/segments/1590347406365.40/warc/CC-MAIN-20200529183529-20200529213529-00298.warc.gz
| 0.965478
| 837
|
CC-MAIN-2020-24
|
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|
en
|
“The ultimate determinant in the struggle now going on for the world will not be bombs and rockets but a test of wills and ideas-a trial of spiritual resolve: the values we hold, the beliefs we cherish and the ideals to which we are dedicated.”
Growing up Catholic nearly 50 years ago did not entail a great deal of “gray” areas when it came to right vs wrong debates. The Ten Commandments are pretty clear and Sister Mary Margaret let us know when we strayed. Punishment was swift and we survived and were better for it. As a parent, I especially like number Four (Honor your Father and your Mother), I am not sure my children get the whole “honor” thing (that should trigger a comment if they read my posts).
As I read about Notre Dame University inviting President Obama to deliver the commencement speech this year, I wondered how the Catholic Church could accept the contridictions between the President’s beliefs and actions and the Church’s Ten Commandments and Bible teachings. The University president, Reverend John Jenkins has defended the invitation.
Most of my True American Heroes are ordinary folks who stood up for their beliefs. This hero, Bishop John M. D’Arcy, stood up for his beliefs and spoke out against allowing the President to address the graduating class, but also is against the university bestowing an honorary doctorate. In his statement, Bishop D’Arcy said:
“I wish no disrespect to our president, I pray for him and wish him well. I have always revered the office of the presidency. But a bishop must teach the Catholic faith “in season and out of season,” and he teaches not only by his words – but by his actions. My decision is not an attack on anyone, but is in defense of the truth about human life.”
Bishop D’Arcy has announced that he will not attend the commencemet this year. This will be the first commencement that he has missed during his 25-year tenure as bishop of the region in which Notre Dame University is located. In addition to the Bishop, many others will not attend the ceremony including ten priests from the Order of the Holy Cross which founded the university.
Obama’s views, votes and actions on issues such as abortion, partial-birth abortions, and embryonic research put him at odds with basic Catholic precepts. Notre Dame’s own web-site claims:
“At the very heart of Notre Dame’s mission is its profound faith heritage and aspiration to be at the center of Catholic intellectual life-to be a bellwether institution in the pursuit of truth and knowledge, while remaining guided and elevated by the moral imperatives of the Catholic faith.”
One of the most elloquent pieces about the issue was written by a student from the University of Dallas, Michelle Bauman. Bauman wrote:
“An invitation to a dialogue of this sort would have been acceptable from a Catholic university. But in welcoming Obama as commencement speaker, Notre Dame is not engaging in such a dialogue. Rather, it is inviting the president to a monologue. He will speak and the crowds will listen; no one will be permitted to present the Catholic viewpoint. Thus, the purposes of a Catholic dialogue will not be achieved.”
You may read her full article here.
I will end with a quote from the current university president, Reverend John Jenkins. Reverend Jenkins invited President Obama to speak and has defended the decision. This quote can be found on Notre Dame’s web page under the “Faith & Service” tab. It seems to contradict Rev. Jenkins arguments in support of the invitation.
“We have a much more challenging mission than most universities. Most universities strive simply to be excellent educational institutions by the accepted standards of the profession. We do this at Notre Dame, and we have had great success. But we also foster and celebrate a distinctive mission to be a Catholic university, inspired and guided by a great spiritual tradition.”
| 53politics
| 1
|
http://intoyourlungs.booklikes.com/post/434633/post
|
2019-02-18T03:54:17Z
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Read this one due to it receiving the Printz Honour.
Things I Liked:
- The first-person perspective truly read like someone with Aspergers (well, I don't have Aspergers so I wouldn't actually *know*, but it felt true to life.) Brenna presents Aspergers as a different way of living, not a deficient one and presents the ups and downs that come with it. Taylor still lives a full life, and watching try to achieve independence is not that different from a typical teen's, though it still has its differences.
- Mileage May Vary on this, but I personally enjoyed how introspective the novel was, to a degree. Seeing Taylor write out her thoughts and then analyze them, then later apply them to other situations she faces also felt incredibly true-to-life to. I guess this is just expanding on my first point.
- Taylor and her mother's relationship was very well-drawn. Taylor's frustrations with her mother's hovering and sometimes forceful behaviour are, again, relatable to a lot of teens, Aspergers or not. But even when Taylor claims to hate her mother, the reader knows she's not a BAD person. Both Taylor and her mother are easy to sympathize with because they're just doing the best they can with navigating each other's differing perspectives.
Things I Didn't Like As Much:
- I know I said I liked the introspective nature of the novel, but sadly this also led to it having very little plot. The sequences that dealt with Taylor remembering her childhood were quite good, but then others like the bits with Adelaide felt too short.
- It feels like Brenna is really beating readers over the head with the messages of existentialism, trying to under someone else's perspective and owning one's life. However, this same complaint also just feels like it would fit Taylor's voice (she repeats herself a lot, but it makes sense to her Asperger's), so I'm kind of on the fence about this one.
Overall, it's a decent novel but not one I found myself falling in love with. I would recommend this to readers who enjoyed The Curious Incident of the Dog in the Night-Time
by Mark Haddon and Marcelo in the Real World
by Francisco X. Stork.
| 35literature
| 1
|
https://jobs.abc4.com/jobs/medical-surgical-registered-nurse-sackets-harbor-new-york/703117427-2/
|
2022-09-27T10:52:32Z
|
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If you are an experienced Acute Care RN looking to progress in your career then this is the perfect opportunity for you! A wonderful opportunity is now available for a Medical Surgical Registered Nurse with a thriving health system in beautiful New York. Both Days and Night shifts are available.
This 150+ bed nonprofit community hospital is ranked in the top 5% of acute care hospitals nationwide in terms of patient safety, has the Joint Commission Gold Seal of Approval, and has a 5 Star Rating by Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services.
Reporting to the Nurse Manager, the Acute Care RN will perform comprehensive patient care to up to 5 patients at a time in this dynamic unit. The Medical Surgical Registered Nurse is responsible for triaging patient needs and providing accurate documentation in this patient-centered environment. The ideal candidate is BSN-prepared, flexible, passionate, open to learning new skills, and ready to contribute to the team wherever needed.
This beautiful area is surrounded by the serene countryside this New York state region is known for. With community festivals, engaging museums, farmers markets, shopping, and arts and entertain venues, there is always something fun to do! The Acute Care RN will enjoy all four seasons with outdoor activities easily accessible, such as hiking, fishing, boating, and camping. This safe and affordable region is the perfect place to plant one's roots and enjoy a health work-life balance.
This stellar facility will move quickly to interview a Medical Surgical Registered Nurse offers competitive compensation with a full suite of benefits. Apply today!
| 39medical
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https://www.cirium.com/thoughtcloud/cabin-cargo-a-bright-spot/
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2024-02-27T11:22:20Z
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Cirium experts continue to explore the topics from The Cirium Airline Insights Review 2020.
In late September, Airbus announced that it had issued a new service bulletin for the A350, permitting airlines to transport cargo in the cabin. Removing seats to make way for piles of boxes in the cabin of Airbus’ flagship airliner – widely lauded for the pleasant passenger experience it offers – is a very unusual concept. But of course, 2020 has been nothing if not very unusual.
As a result of the COVID-19 pandemic and the requirement to transport more freight by air, some airlines have been able to maximise the cargo-carrying capabilities of their aircraft. In this Data Insight, we look at the small global fleet of aircraft which have had their seats removed, creating space for cargo to be transported in the cabin.
Cirium’s Passenger Experience research team has identified 155 aircraft that have had most if not all of their passenger seats removed in order to transport cargo in the cabin. This Data Insight does not account for any aircraft or flights operated where cargo has been placed into the passenger seats for carriage, or for any aircraft operating cargo-only flights where cargo has only been loaded into the hold.
What is Cabin Cargo? Cabin cargo is cargo placed in the passenger area of passenger plane. Cabin Cargo passenger planes are aircraft where the cabin has been modified to enable cargo.
Increased demand for personal protective equipment (PPE) manufactured in Asia required fast distribution across the world. This, however, coincided with the sudden reduction in passenger flights, which sharply cut the amount of cargo capacity available.
Cirium aviation data researcher, Bin He notes: “At the beginning of the pandemic, Chinese airlines distributed essential cargo across the country on board passenger aircraft. Boxes of PPE were loaded into the hold, but were also placed into the passenger seats too. But as the pandemic intensified and global demand for PPE rapidly increased, it became apparent that airlines needed a more radical solution.”
Thirty-eight aircraft belonging to 10 Chinese airlines have had all or most of their seats removed, making up 25% of Cirium’s ‘Cabin Cargo’ fleet. Just over half of those aircraft are Airbus A330s, 14 of them operated by China Eastern Airlines. Bin He explains: “China Eastern began by operating flights where boxes were carried in the seats, but by March they were removing the seats entirely, further maximising the cargo capacity of each aircraft.” The A330 has been a popular widebody for these operations, accounting for 31% of Cirium’s Cabin Cargo fleet.
Ten of the A330s belong to Lufthansa, whose group chief executive Carsten Spohr is credited with coining the term ‘preighter’ (a portmanteau of passenger and freighter). Lufthansa Technik obtained approval from the German regulator to convert the cabins to carry cargo, removing seats and IFE wiring and installing fire-suppression measures. Each A330-300 could then transport medical supplies from Asia to Lufthansa’s Frankfurt hub. Cirium’s flight-tracking data shows that between late-March and late-May these aircraft operated an average of 50 flights each, after which time they concluded flying these services, and have since had their seats reinstalled allowing them to return to passenger service.
Widebodies make up the majority of our Cabin Cargo fleet: 80% of the aircraft are Airbus and Boeing twin-aisle jets. In addition to 49 A330s, 45 Boeing 777s have been employed by 16 different airlines, including the operator of the world’s largest 777 fleet.
Emirates has modified 10 777-300ERs to operate as ‘Mini Freighters’ supplementing its 11-strong fleet of 777 Freighters. Each of the 360-seat three-class aircraft have had 305 economy seats removed, creating space in the cabin for up to 132 cubic metres or 17 tonnes of cargo, in addition to the 40-50t capacity in the hold. Emirates senior vice-president of worldwide cargo operations Henrik Ambak notes: “We have operated flights on the modified Boeing 777-300ER aircraft with around 60-70 tonnes of cargo payload per flight.” The first of these aircraft commenced cargo services from Dubai in mid-June.
By this time, demand for urgent distribution of PPE by air had softened, as supply chains settled and shippers turned to less time-sensitive and more cost-effective modes of transport such as land and sea. With far fewer passenger flights operating, the lack of aircraft hold capacity restricted the ability to ship traditional consumer goods. Airlines such as Emirates have filled some of the capacity gap by introducing ‘Mini Freighters’. Ambak adds: “While supplies of PPE such as masks and gloves tend to be more frequently transported, we have also loaded items such as garments and textiles, fresh cut flowers, fruits and vegetables, pharmaceuticals and manufacturing components.”
The timeline shows that the peak number of Cabin Cargo aircraft in service simultaneously was reached in June with only minor fluctuations to the total since then. This has occurred because some airlines reinstalled seats on aircraft, which then returned to passenger services, while other carriers commenced Cabin Cargo operations during the second half of the year. So far, 60 aircraft, equating to 39% of the Cabin Cargo fleet, have completed their cargo duties, with the majority returning to passenger service. Some others have not: 20 aircraft, representing 13% of the Cabin Cargo fleet, have gone into storage. The rate of aircraft being converted has slowed, but has not stopped entirely. During the second quarter, 116 aircraft had seats removed; since then, just 32 aircraft during the third and fourth quarters combined.
In May, Air Astana announced the creation of a dedicated cargo division, Air Astana Cargo, with the intention of removing seats from all three of its 767-300ER aircraft to operate cargo-only services. The first example entered service in late-May and, the airline states, “has been reasonably busy operating cargo charter flights”. Despite the initial plans, Air Astana has not proceeded to convert a second aircraft, however. “We cannot yet be confident there will be sufficient demand to fully employ two semi-freighters, and there have been welcome indications of market demand to operate this aircraft carrying passengers again to some leisure destinations.”
While the number of converted aircraft is constant for now, what comes next for Cabin Cargo aircraft? Has this been a short-lived trend, or is there still a viable future for aircraft to be operated like this? Particularly if cargo capacity is required while passenger traffic is slow to return to pre-pandemic levels?
Chris Seymour, head of market analysis at Ascend by Cirium, offers this perspective: “Early in the pandemic, there was an urgent need to move cargo quickly. Now that things have settled down, airlines are looking at how to move cargo cost-effectively. Loading cargo into cabins requires a lot of manpower, compared with loading it into aircraft bellies in containers and on pallets. The issue for airlines is whether they spend money on reconfiguring cabins, or to simply operate aircraft with cargo loaded in the belly and on the seats if required.”
For the time being, Emirates says it will “continue to use the modified aircraft for cargo operations across our network. Given that global cargo demand continues to evolve rapidly, it is hard to make any predictions for the medium or the long term.”
In the short term the industry is faced with what IATA chief executive, Alexandre de Juniac describes as “the biggest airlift in history” as COVID-19 vaccines begin to be distributed across the world. The complexities of transporting vaccines, particularly those requiring cold storage, point to them being placed in aircraft holds, so it seems unlikely that they will be carried in the cabin. Nevertheless, until carriers are able to reintroduce routes and frequencies of passenger services, thereby increasing global air-freight capacity, the Cabin Cargo fleet will perhaps still play a role in global distribution, for the time being at least.
See The Cirium Airline Insights Review 2020 overview here and download your complimentary edition.
| 0aerospace
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https://www.icr.org/bible/Genesis/9/13/
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2023-03-29T19:44:38Z
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Bible - modify search
New Defender's Study Bible Notes
9:13 my bow. The rainbow, requiring small water droplets in the air, could not form in the pre-diluvian world, where the high vapor canopy precluded rain (Genesis 2:5). After the Flood, the very fact that rainfall is now possible makes a worldwide rainstorm impossible, and the rainbow “in the cloud” thereby becomes a perpetual reminder of God’s grace, even in judgment.
| 4atmospheric_science
| 1
|
https://www.mromagazine.com/press-releases/ncku-professor-develops-technology-to-turn-silicon-waste-for-steel-production/
|
2021-08-06T02:41:11Z
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NCKU Professor Develops Technology to Turn Silicon Waste for Steel Production
By Business Wire News
By Business Wire News
Solar power is a clean alternative energy; however, the silicon sludge will be generated from the silicon crystal slicing process inevitably. Professor Wei-Sheng Chen from the Department of Resources Engineering in National Cheng Kung University (NCKU), Tainan, Taiwan, has developed a technique to recover reusable silicon and silicon carbide from waste sludge.
By transforming silicon sludge to usable raw material for steel industry, this newly introduced recycling technique not only answers the question of industrial waste disposal, but also leads to a resources circulation and cheaper raw materials for steel industrial, according to Chen.
The recycling-based technique is patented in Taiwan, and its technology transfer was completed at the end of last year, so the technique is now being applied in the iron and steel industry.
As conventional solid waste treatment is extremely costly and technically complex, it has been abandoned by the majority of waste disposal and treatment companies.
However, during the past three years, NCKU has made great breakthroughs in the separation and purification technologies.
Now, Silicon and silicon carbide can be effectively sorted out and the products can be used as raw materials by the ceramics, glass, refractory and iron and steel industries.
According to Chen, Taiwan’s solar power industry is flourishing, which results in the production of plenty of industrial waste; this in turn means that there is a great supply of silicon and silicon sludge through the utilization of the technique.
He adds that, though the previously mentioned industries may all use silicon and silicon carbide as raw materials, because the overall amount is limited, the best destination should be the iron and steel industry, which has a huge demand.
Chen also said that because silicon-based solar panels contain a variety of other materials, its purification and extraction technique requires a higher order.
Additionally, the semiconductor fab manufacturing process will also produce large amounts of silicon sludge, because it does not contaminate with grinding media, its recycling procedure is relatively simpler.
Chen said, once the silicon resource recycling model is fully established in Taiwan, not only would it help silicon resource conservation and environmental benefits, both solar and semiconductor fab manufacturing industries need no longer worry about the disposal of silicon sludge.
National Cheng Kung University
Sonia Chuang, +886-6-275-7575 ext. 50042
| 36materials_science
| 1
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6’10’’ Giant from Sauga Still Striving for the Heights of the N.B.A.
Ten years ago, I was playing King’s Court with a friend and his dad on a freshly paved concrete of my Oakville private high school. I had heard tales and rumours of a gigantic basketball player from Port Credit Secondary School, a five minute drive from where I lived.
His name was Jasonn Hannibal.
My friend’s dad — overestimating his own son’s ability in comparison to Jasonn’s — gave me his scouting report on the local giant. Though my memory’s hazy, he said something along the lines of: ‘Jasonn sucks. He can’t play. He’s just tall.’
Just as rich kids are assumed to have been born into success and wealth without ever having worked for it, many assume that Big Men ball just because they won the genetic lottery. Yes, size does matter, but it isn’t everything — height alone doesn’t get you onto an N.B.A. Summer League roster. Sitting on a bench of a recently refurbished Huron Park ball court, Jasonn charts the progress he’s made since his early days at Port Credit.
As he reflects, I realize that it’s his grit — a Hurricane Hazel type of toughness — rather than his height, which propelled him to reach the peak of his playing career; the chance to play on the Washington Wizards’ Summer League squad this past summer.
Jasonn got a small window of opportunity — a mere 6.5 minutes — to prove himself to an N.B.A. franchise, but few appreciate the unseen hours spent grinding to create an opportunity of this magnitude.
He first set foot on the University of Portland campus in 2007. He’d gone on a basketball scholarship, but had a rude awakening. Having played for Port Credit — a school known more for its music program than sports — he was ill-prepared for the pace of D1 ball.
Portland was a four year grind. “Man, I sat on the bench…and I’m getting my ass kicked in practice every single day,” he recollects of his college career.
This was his first ever “grit test”. He was tempted, especially in his first year, to come back home and commute to York or U of T instead, but he decided to be the smaller fish in a bigger pond. He remained committed to the Pilots. Developing grit in college had set the foundation for his future professional career. After graduating, he travelled to Serbia, Kosovo, Ottawa, Halifax, Mexico, and Iran — that’s 5 countries in 5 years — globetrotting to make a living playing ball.
He had endured the initial ass-kicking in Portland, but had adapted quickly. He lived out of a suitcase for five years before he interned for the Wizards, “essentially as a practice player” according to Jasonn. By being a player development intern for a year, he earned a spot on the Summer League roster.
During his internship, Jasonn practiced with N.B.A. stars, the likes of John Wall and Bradley Beal. Wall had dunked on him in practice and Jasonn had to fight the superstar for rebounds. In one-on-one games, “Markieff Morris was barbecuing me on defence,” says Jasonn. Though it was N.B.A. baptism by fire, he also picked their brains and listened to their basketball journeys, allowing him to put himself in their shoes.
He took this experience to the Vegas Summer League, but he didn’t get the P.T. he had hoped for. How he views his time on the bench, however, attests to the gritty mentality he has developed over the years.
Jasonn says, “I was on the bench almost jittering” with the expectation to play every game. He refused to be weathered by the monotony of working out and warming the bench. His friend and ex-teammate from Kosovo, Shamar Coombs, echoes a similar mentality — a professional has to be “mind focused and ready” to rise to any occasion, however limited the opportunity maybe.
Jasonn is searching for his next pro ball gig, but his self-confidence remains unshaken. Like every summer since 2013, he spent the past one training with Father Goetz legend, N.B.A. vet, and Sauga’s (quite literally) biggest export, Andrew Nicholson. Practicing with the Wizards for an entire season, fully immersed in the presence of N.B.A. players, has no doubt infused high self-expectations.
The giant from Port Credit has big dreams — he’s still striving to play for The Association. Coming home and playing at OVO Bounce, however, has reminded Jasonn that he still has to prove himself despite his hoops accolades. He remains humbler than a Kung Fu Kenny track and assertively says of his N.B.A. chances: “I believe I’m in the mix.”
This post was made possible through PINDAB, which unites creative types with professional athletes to shed light on community issues.
| 58sports
| 1
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https://jonathanrosenbaum.net/2001/04/the-low-down/
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2024-02-21T11:55:08Z
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Writer-director Jamie Thraves makes his feature debut with this story of a prop-painting bohemian in north London (Aidan Gillen) who wants to move away from his crack-dealing neighbors and falls in love with the realtor he meets (Kate Ashfield). It doesn’t work all the time: I couldn’t always follow the action, the ending is too abrupt, and what appears to be the strong influence of John Cassavetes (the episode in which the hero’s macho pride is wounded by a lout in a pub, triggering the unraveling of various relationships, seems to come straight out of Too Late Blues) sometimes works against the kind of rough and intuitive movie Thraves is aiming for. But I was mesmerized by what seems like a new and exciting way of filming people: Thraves mixes objective and subjective impressions, and his eclectic style of framing sometimes cuts characters off at odd angles. His main actors (including Dean Lennox Kelly and Tobias Menzies) are both natural and unpredictable–even when they show some awareness of the camera’s presence. As with Cassavetes, you might say that the film is riddled with “errors,” but these mistakes are indistinguishable from the uncommon rewards, which made me grateful for them. Landmark’s Century Centre.
| 15drama_and_film
| 1
|
https://qumulo.com/blog/building-hardware-agnostic-enterprise-file-storage/
|
2023-11-28T20:38:32Z
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This article is a follow on to Qumulo’s Core Architecture is Built with Flexibility In Mind, part 1, where I explained how we designed a system that is hardware agnostic by abstracting away the hardware. But that doesn’t mean we don’t have an in-house hardware team. In part 2 below, I’ll explain how their role fits into our mission of hardware independence to support our customers’ need for hardware flexibility.
A glimpse into the hardware team of a software company
Unlike everything in the software stack, hardware is a black box – the front door interface is the only thing that a user can observe. In some ways, this is a good thing. In software, testing can often present a challenge due to our knowledge of the implementation. In our quest for micro tests, we can sometimes lose sight of the “big picture” functionality.
In other ways, hardware being a black box can be a bad thing. We can’t fix every bug that we identify. We sometimes have to rely on vendors to patch things while we work around the observed behavior in software.
We still apply the Qumulo test ethic to hardware, but it often ends up looking different. Across our two data center labs, we host multiple nodes of every SKU we’ve ever sold. This includes small variations within a single SKU, such as two versions of a NIC, or two different SSDs. We run automated testing continuously against all of this hardware. Failures arising from this testing become sustaining work for the hardware team:
- “What happened to X version of Y NIC such that it’s now hitting twice as many TCP retransmits as it was last week?”
- “Why is VGA output black on node Z?”
- ”What does this Linux kernel traceback in these syslogs mean?
These are the kinds of sustaining challenges software engineers like myself tackle in the hardware space.
Outside of this work, the hardware team spends most of their time reviewing new technology roadmaps, assessing maturity, and building new platforms with partners. This enables us to adopt the latest industry standard technologies to continuously deliver better value for customers. Since Qumulo’s software runs on a variety of hardware, we are free to pick and choose components without worrying about whether or not they will work. If the hardware exists, Linux already supports it.
Delivering NVMe performance in record time
Qumulo was the first to launch an all-flash product with NVMe drives. To facilitate this, we had to do a little bit of lab work to retrofit our qualification machines to power fault test drives connected via NVMe. That done, we followed up by running a few enterprise-class NVMe drives through our battery of tests. After a few days of this, we knew with confidence that NVMe would work fine. We then worked with multiple vendors to configure a server to meet the performance and price per terabyte that our customers had been asking for. After a few months of software work to optimize our backend for all-NVMe nodes, we had a whole new platform!
More recently, we became the first to offer a Hybrid NVMe system, making the performance of NVMe available on a budget. Qumulo’s flash-first file data platform has also been certified on the HPE ProLiant DL325 Gen 10 Plus server family to deliver an extremely cost effective, high-performance solution.
Our hardware-independent mission
Qumulo’s core architecture relies on hardware only as long as the hardware can provide a specific set of guarantees. These guarantees, along with our robust, software-based data protection, are what keep our customers’ data safe.
We lean on Linux to provide us fast and reliable access to any hardware we want. Aside from vendor integration and sustaining work, we spend our time on the hardware team discovering and bringing to market whatever we believe will delight our customers, and then handing it off to be certified and sold.
Qumulo is a software shop that builds with hardware flexibility in mind. Our file system runs on data center hardware and natively on public cloud infrastructure, scaling linearly with the data. In the next article, I’ll dig deeper into the technical side of what we expect from hardware to assure a quality, scalable experience for our customers.
- Qumulo’s Core Architecture Is Built with Flexibility In Mind, part 1
- Why Go All-Flash When You Can Go All-NVMe?
- All-NVMe Flash Storage for AI and ML File Workloads from HPE and Qumulo
- When a Hardware Company Identifies as Software Independent
| 60systems_science
| 1
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2023-02-03T04:39:12Z
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Last Updated on May 21, 2010 by Hanna Trafford
There is a lot you can do with hanging baskets to accent your home and your garden. There are a lot of hanging baskets readily available in the market, but there is also an advantage to making your own. No matter what you need your basket to do, making your own gives you an opportunity to create colour combinations that best suit your needs. A combination of trailing plants of the same variety with three or four colourful plants at the top will result in a rich and healthy looking hanging basket.
Here are simple. easy steps you can follow:
1. Choose the size of your hanging basket:
In this case – size does matter. The volume of the basket is directly related to the amount of water the basket can retain. If you select a basket that is too small, you will have to water it daily. Larger basket will also make columns or posts look more in scale with your house or landscape.
2. Insert a liner:
To fully cover basket, you will need to overlap two rectangular section of the liner. Remember to allow enough length of each piece to overlap the basket so that when you fill it with soil, you will still have piece that will spill over the edges. overlapping will also add the benefit of slowing water flow out of the bottom.
3. Build a base layer of potting soil:
Use good quality potting soil and press it firmly against the bottom and sides of your basket. You need to do this so that you have a firm background to cut against when you make slits for the first row of plants. Keep the soil level about 4-6 inches above the bottom of your basket to complete this step.
4. Add water reservoir:
Doing this will help aeration and watering – and all you will need is a piece of slotted drainpipe, about 8-10 inches long. Adjust the drainpipe, so taht you have it about 2-3 inches above the final soil level – that will prevent it from filling with soil. You will also want to make sure that the drainpipe doesn’t end up sitting on the bottom of your basket – that would result in water simply draining right out.
5. Start planting:
Frist – trim your liner and using a sharp object, make small incisions just above the current soil level. Carefully poke through the root-balls of the plants from the outside. Small plugs or cell pack-size annuals work the best here, since they minimize the since of openings in your liner. If you make larger hole, you will have a problem with soil spilling out and young plants washing out during watering.
6. Continue planting to the top:
Keep adding layers of potting soil, cutting slits and inserting rows of plants. Using staggered pattern work the best – do this until you readch top of the basket. You can top off your basket with some upright annuals or even some small grasses.
Trim the liner, and give your basket a good soaking
Get creative, mix colour and types of plants and enjoy the results! And please send in your comments, suggestions and experiences – your input is always welcomed and much appreciated!
| 1agronomy
| 1
|
https://www.essays.se/about/star+cluster+simulation+numerical+method/
|
2020-04-01T13:43:46Z
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2020-16/segments/1585370505731.37/warc/CC-MAIN-20200401130837-20200401160837-00163.warc.gz
| 0.834746
| 105
|
CC-MAIN-2020-16
|
webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2020-16__0__187341219
|
en
|
Essays about: "star cluster simulation numerical method"
Found 1 essay containing the words star cluster simulation numerical method.
University essay from Lunds universitet/Astronomi
Abstract : The evolution of globular star clusters tells the history of the formation of galaxies, how stellar streams might have formed and how the future of the Universe might look like. Although the general theoretical background of the evolution is well understood, it is difficult to conduct accurate and realistic computer simulations of objects containing thousands of interacting bodies. READ MORE
| 3astronomy
| 1
|
http://www.gpavet.narod.ru/Names7/vereschagin1.htm
|
2022-08-08T23:40:44Z
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570879.1/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808213349-20220809003349-00042.warc.gz
| 0.966763
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CC-MAIN-2022-33
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webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2022-33__0__149503465
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en
|
Vereshchagin Vasily Vasilyevich
(14(26).10.1842 - 31.03(13.04).1904)
An outstanding Russian battle painter.
Born in Cherepovets in the family of the local leader of the nobility. At the age of 9 he entered the Naval Cadet Corps, graduating as a midshipman. After a short period of service, Vereshchagin retired and in 1860 began studying at the St. Petersburg Academy of Arts, but after three years he left her, not satisfied with the teaching system. He spent about a year in the Caucasus, and then went to Paris, where he studied and worked under the guidance of Jean-Leon Gerome.
In 1866, Vereshchagin completed his studies and a year later he accepted an invitation from the Turkestan Governor-General to be an artist with him. Shortly after arriving in Samarkand, he received a baptism of fire, enduring with a handful of Russian soldiers a heavy siege of the city by rebel local residents. His role in this defense was awarded the Order of St. George, Grade 4, which he proudly wore, although he denied any awards at all.
In early 1869, with the assistance of the Governor-General, Vereshchagin organized a “Turkestan exhibition” in St. Petersburg, where he demonstrated works written in Tashkent, Samarkand, Bukhara, and Kazakh steppes.
The Turkestan Series of bright paintings was painted by Vereshchagin in Munich in 1871-1874. It consisted of a whole group of battle (almost documentary) paintings, such as “Let them enter”, “Enter”, “Surround”, “Persecute”, “Attack by surprise”. The artist's talent reflected the real value of the emperor's imperial ambitions in the Middle Eastern companies. The death of soldiers in foreign countries, the fight against the eastern armies and the constant uprisings of the local population. Life and wild mores of the local population.
Participation in military campaigns laid down the artist's own vision of the war, the attitude towards the death of ordinary soldiers. His paintings are filled with a special philosophy and critical attitude toward war. This style often led to the criticism of his paintings, and even the condemnation of the artist by the emperor and his entourage.
After the exhibition and demonstration of his “Turkestan” series of paintings, he was subjected to constant attacks, criticism and even displeasure of Tsar Alexander II.
But Vereshchagin highly valued his own opinion, freedom and dignity and did not seek the support of those in power, he generally avoided the “high society”, despite his fame in Europe and Russia. In 1874, Vereshchagin was offered the title of Professor of the Academy of Arts. But he publicly rejected it, citing the fact that he considers "all the ranks and differences in art are certainly harmful."
In 1874-1876 Vereshchagin lived in India, traveling also to Tibet.
Since the beginning of the Russian-Turkish war of 1877, he enlisted as a volunteer in the army, having received the position of adjutant with the possibility of free movement in the army. In the same year, Vereshchagin was seriously wounded aboard the Pike destroyer.
1878-1879 were devoted to work in Paris, as a result of which the “Balkan series” of paintings by Vereshchagin was released.
In 1882-1884, Vereshchagin again traveled around India, Syria, Palestine, and he spent the summer of 1894 traveling around the Russian north — the White Sea, Northern Dvina, Solovki.
In 1896, Vereshchagin created a series of paintings dedicated to the war of 1812.
Continuing his working trips, Vereshchagin spent the summer of 1899 in the Crimea, in 1901 visited the Philippine Islands, in 1902, the USA and Cuba, in 1903, Japan.
With the beginning of the Russian-Japanese war, Vereshchagin found himself in the active fleet.
He died on the battleship "Petropavlovsk", hit a mine on the outer roadstead of Port Arthur.
Return to the main page
| 27history
| 1
|
https://www.feinstein.senate.gov/public/index.cfm/press-releases?ID=0D52F3E7-F4D2-41E4-AC84-668189B3BDBE
|
2023-06-07T18:32:39Z
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-23/segments/1685224654012.67/warc/CC-MAIN-20230607175304-20230607205304-00329.warc.gz
| 0.927951
| 192
|
CC-MAIN-2023-23
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webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-23__0__12574511
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en
|
Washington—Senate Intelligence Committee Chairman Dianne Feinstein (D-Calif.) today released the following statement on the Constitution Project’s Task Force on Detainee Treatment, an independent, bipartisan panel charged with examining the capture, detention and treatment of suspected terrorists during the Clinton, Bush and Obama administrations:
"The Constitution Project’s Blue Ribbon Task Force has put forward a strong bipartisan report on detention and interrogation activities over the past decade. It is a notable contribution to what is known about this dark period of America's response to the terrorist attacks of 9/11, and I thank former Ambassador Jim Jones, former Representative Asa Hutchison, and the rest of the task force for their work."
The full report is available here.
In December, the Senate Intelligence Committee approved a 6,000 page review of the CIA’s detention and interrogation program. Senator Feinstein’s comments on the report are available here.
| 53politics
| 1
|
https://www.update.ph/2018/01/dpwh-new-evacuation-center-ormoc-city/23894
|
2023-12-01T19:14:56Z
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100304.52/warc/CC-MAIN-20231201183432-20231201213432-00123.warc.gz
| 0.960748
| 348
|
CC-MAIN-2023-50
|
webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-50__0__272827732
|
en
|
The Department of Public Works and Highways (DPWH) is set to begin construction of a P36-million Evacuation Center as a temporary shelter for families displaced by the calamity in Ormoc City, Leyte.
A groundbreaking ceremony led by DPWH Leyte Fourth District Engineer Lino Francisco C. Gonzalez and Assistant District Engineer Irwin L. Antonio with Ormoc City Mayor Richard I. Gomez marked the beginning of the project that will be built at Barangay Danhug, Ormoc City.
In his report to DPWH Secretary Mark A. Villar, Engr. Gonzalez said that the project involves the construction of a two-story accommodation building with a separate male and female toilet and bathroom building and an infirmary building.
Danhug Barangay Captain Jeovane Codog said he considers it an honor for the barangay to host the evacuation center.
The evacuation center will also be completed with other facilities to aid evacuees in the occurrence of calamities.
It is expected to benefit the people of Ormoc especially those living in areas of the city prone to flooding.
Ormoc has been prone to disasters. On November 5, 1991, the city was devastated by a flash flood that claimed more than 8,000 lives. On July 4, 2017, it was struck by a strong earthquake that forced the evacuation of residents from mountain barangays to the city proper.
At the height of Storm Urduja, residents from low-lying areas in the city were evacuated because of flooding.
Actual civil works for the construction of Ormoc City Evacuation Center is expected to begin before the end of January 2018.
| 55public_administration
| 1
|
https://www.maxpixel.net/Solitude-Emotions-Young-Woman-Sadness-Woman-Only-1958723
|
2022-01-22T17:36:14Z
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-05/segments/1642320303868.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20220122164421-20220122194421-00241.warc.gz
| 0.837436
| 186
|
CC-MAIN-2022-05
|
webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2022-05__0__169240033
|
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|
Emotions Solitude Woman Only Sadness Young Woman
It was archived in the category "Beauty/Fashion", largest dimension is 3048×1840 pixels, you can download it to JPG format. We were tagged: Woman, Solitude, Sadness, Emotions, Young Woman, Only.
You can also exhort them by inviting our photographers one cup of Coffee. If it is so great, please share with your friends.
A great picture you can use for free for many different purposes: publishing, commercial products, wallpaper, printing ... etc. License use Creative Commons Zero - CC0. A referral link to Max Pixel (not required).
Our AI system selective and propose some photos related. Hope it will help to you.
Link referral required
| 51photo
| 1
|
https://www.pentictonhearingaidcentre.ca/
|
2023-12-10T13:59:51Z
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679102469.83/warc/CC-MAIN-20231210123756-20231210153756-00053.warc.gz
| 0.941847
| 400
|
CC-MAIN-2023-50
|
webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-50__0__201793428
|
en
|
Canadian Hearing Excellence
Hearing Instruments In Penticton
People come first at our practice. When you choose us for your hearing care, you’ll experience something that’s becoming rare in the modern healthcare industry. You’ll receive compassionate care and personalized service to meet your exact wants and needs, and that’s standard in everything we do. Every person on our staff is committed to helping our patients hear their very best so they can restore their quality of life. We call it Canadian Hearing Excellence. And when you experience it, you’ll know you’re in the right place.
Learn About Hearing Loss
Hearing loss is more common than you think. It’s a condition that often accompanies old age, and affects much of the elderly community. But it doesn’t mean there aren’t options available to you. We carry a wide selection of hearing devices from top brands like Audibel, Phonak, Oticon, Unitron, Bernafon, Widex, Resound, Starkey and NuEar and can offer personalized assistance to find a hearing aid you like and works well for you.
What Causes Hearing Loss
Not surprisingly, repeated exposure to loud and excessive noise is the number one cause of hearing loss. That’s not to say there aren’t natural causes, but this one tends to be most prevalent. That said, the best course of action you can take to prevent hearing loss is to simply treat your ears well and be mindful of volume and limit loud noises.
Right now, we’re offering FREE hearing screening for anyone who wants to assess their needs and determine if they need to improve their quality of life. You can reach us by phone or contact us online to schedule an appointment with our friendly staff who are always happy to assist you. We’re available Monday through Friday with standard office hours but offer flexible scheduling and evening appointments. Get started today!
| 39medical
| 1
|
https://in.news.yahoo.com/ashok-leyland-announces-relief-measures-153000171.html
|
2021-06-13T00:18:33Z
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-25/segments/1623487586465.3/warc/CC-MAIN-20210612222407-20210613012407-00457.warc.gz
| 0.946029
| 261
|
CC-MAIN-2021-25
|
webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2021-25__0__42071512
|
en
|
Mumbai, May 18 (PTI) Commercial vehicles major Ashok Leyland on Tuesday announced various measures such as extending emergency support to vehicles transporting COVID essentials, including oxygen across the country through a 24/7 helpline, among others. The measures also include continuation of contactless deliveries of spare parts in line with shifting customer preferences to ensure smooth functioning of the logistics and transportation services with the help of the Leykart Digital App. As a part of the 'Service Mandi' initiative, Ashok Leyland formed a task force for seamless transportation of oxygen and medical supplies across the country.
This task force communicated via WhatsApp and proactively reached out to customers and oxygen manufacturers to provide any assistance possible through Service Mandi's network of over 20,000 touch points across the country, it said.
“We understand that our customers and drivers are doing what it takes to ensure that essential commodities and medical supplies reach the people while as many as possible stay at home.
'We are working with all stakeholders while maintaining COVID appropriate behaviour, and through these comprehensive measures, we surely will rise through this pandemic together,” said Sivanesan, President and Head of Quality, Service, and Parts, Ashok Leyland. PTI IAS ANU ANU
| 63transportation_engineering
| 1
|
https://cdcsercoevbd-flgateway.org/meet-our-team-edmund-norris-phd/
|
2022-10-03T08:43:53Z
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-40/segments/1664030337404.30/warc/CC-MAIN-20221003070342-20221003100342-00313.warc.gz
| 0.932456
| 356
|
CC-MAIN-2022-40
|
webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2022-40__0__163944780
|
en
|
Edmund Norris, PhD Postdoctoral Research Associate at the Emerging Pathogens Institute
Center Project 1: Understanding vector ecology, arbovirus infection rates and insecticide resistance to optimize mosquito control Sub-Project: “Power vector control tools with strategies to circumvent insecticide resistance”
Edmund Norris received his PhD in Entomology and Toxicology from Iowa State University in 2018 under the supervision of Joel Coats and Lyric Bartholomay. For his dissertation, he explored the ability of plant compounds to enhance a variety of synthetic insecticides against mosquitoes, but he also focused more broadly on natural product chemistry and the mechanisms by which natural plant compounds affect the physiology of medical and veterinary pest insects.
Edmund is a post-doctoral research associate at the Emerging Pathogens Institute under the direction of Jeffrey Bloomquist at University of Florida. Edmund is interested in the development of novel repellents and insecticidal formulations that may circumvent insecticide resistance, while primarily focusing on natural products as his inspiration. His research focuses on better understanding the mechanisms of novel insecticidal, repellent, and synergistic agents using a variety of electrophysiolgical, pharmacological, and biochemical techniques.
Professor Jeffrey Bloomquist and post-doctoral research associate Edmund Norris have been evaluating novel insecticides and repellents as part of the Southeastern Regional Center of Excellence research initiative. With the aid of the technology licensing agency at UF, they have submitted one full patent and two provisional patent applications that will hopefully provide new chemicals for control of mosquito-borne and tick-borne disease. These newly developed technologies are further detailed below in experiments on the yellow fever mosquito and Zika vector, Aedes aegypti. For more information on these novel insecticides please click here.
| 9chemistry
| 1
|
https://lepaton.com/2020/04/16/appletaart/
|
2023-03-22T19:19:31Z
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-14/segments/1679296944452.74/warc/CC-MAIN-20230322180852-20230322210852-00228.warc.gz
| 0.854948
| 1,022
|
CC-MAIN-2023-14
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webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-14__0__148000211
|
en
|
Inspired by the world-famous appeltaart at Amsterdam’s Winkel 43, this recipe is everything an appeltaart should be: a buttery, tender crust brimming with sizeable pieces of aromatic spiced apple. Baking the apple chunks before assembling ensures a hefty filling with height while preventing a soggy bottom.
Makes 1 (9-inch) pie
- 1½ cups (340 grams) unsalted butter, softened
- 1¾ cups (350 grams) plus 1 teaspoon (4 grams) granulated sugar, divided
- ¼ cup (55 grams) firmly packed light brown sugar
- 2 large eggs (100 grams), room temperature
- 1 large egg yolk (19 grams), room temperature
- 1 tablespoon (14 grams) vanilla bean paste
- 3¾ cups (469 grams) all-purpose flour
- 1½ teaspoons (7.5 grams) baking powder
- 1¼ teaspoons (3 grams) kosher salt, divided
- ½ teaspoon (2.5 grams) baking soda
- 6 large Honeycrisp apples (about 1,377 grams)
- 2 large Pink Lady apples (about 484 grams)
- ⅓ cup (43 grams) cornstarch
- 2 tablespoons (12 grams) ground cinnamon
- 2 tablespoons (6 grams) lemon zest
- 1 tablespoon (15 grams) fresh lemon juice
- 1 large egg white (30 grams), lightly beaten
- Whipped cream, to serve
- In the bowl of a stand mixer fitted with the paddle attachment, beat butter, 1¼ cups (250 grams) granulated sugar, and brown sugar at low speed just until combined. Increase mixer speed to medium, and beat until fluffy, about 3 minutes, stopping to scrape sides of bowl. Add eggs and egg yolk, one at a time, beating until well combined after each addition. Beat in vanilla bean paste.
- In a large bowl, whisk together flour, baking powder, 1 teaspoon (3 grams) salt, and baking soda. With mixer on low speed, gradually add flour mixture to butter mixture, beating just until combined. Shape about two-thirds of dough (about 763 grams) into a 7-inch disk; wrap in plastic wrap. Divide remaining dough in half; shape each into a 4-inch disk. Wrap each in plastic wrap. Refrigerate dough disks for at least 2 hours.
- Preheat oven to 350°F (180°C). Line 2 rimmed baking sheets with parchment paper.
- Core apples; cut into 1- to 1½-inch chunks.
- In a very large bowl, whisk together ½ cup (100 grams) granulated sugar, cornstarch, cinnamon, lemon zest, and remaining ¼ teaspoon salt; add apples and lemon juice, tossing to coat thoroughly. Divide apples evenly between prepared pans.
- Bake until apples appear slightly dried, golden, and tender, 25 to 30 minutes, stirring and rotating pans halfway through baking. Let apples cool on pans to room temperature, about 30 minutes. Transfer to a large bowl. Leave oven on.
- Let dough stand at room temperature until slightly softened, 15 to 20 minutes. On a heavily floured surface, roll large dough disk into a 13-inch circle (about ¼ inch thick).
- Spray a 9-inch light-colored springform pan with baking spray with flour; line bottom of pan with parchment paper.
- Using a 9-inch cake pan or plate as a guide, cut a circle in center of rolled dough; gently transfer to prepared pan, pressing into bottom. (It’s OK if dough tears while transferring; gently move to pan, and press together.) Cut remaining rolled dough into 4 pieces; gently transfer to prepared pan, overlapping if needed and pressing all the way up sides and sealing any seams with bottom. Trim dough flush with top edge of pan; fill with cooled apple mixture.
- On a heavily floured surface, roll remaining dough disks into 2 (9-inch) circles. Using a pizza cutter or pastry wheel, cut 1 circle into 3 (3-inch-wide) strips. Gently place strips parallel and spaced ¼ inch apart over apple mixture. Repeat with remaining dough circle, arranging strips over and perpendicular to first set of strips. Trim dough flush with edge of pan. Brush dough with egg white; sprinkle with remaining 1 teaspoon (4 grams) granulated sugar.
- Bake until top is golden brown and slightly puffed, about 1 hour, rotating pan halfway through baking and loosely covering with foil to prevent excess browning, if needed. Let cool in pan for 10 minutes. Carefully remove sides of pan; let cool completely on base of pan on a wire rack. Serve with whipped cream, if desired.
The post Appletaart appeared first on Bake from Scratch.
| 22food
| 1
|
https://clpc.ucsf.edu/reports-and-publications?page=5
|
2019-08-20T14:27:07Z
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2019-35/segments/1566027315544.11/warc/CC-MAIN-20190820133527-20190820155527-00391.warc.gz
| 0.931111
| 510
|
CC-MAIN-2019-35
|
webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2019-35__0__42743078
|
en
|
Abstract: This study examines health services appraisal (HSA) and unmet health-care needs for adults (age 50 and over) with physical disabilities in Medicaid managed care (MMC) versus Medicaid fee for service (FFS). Surveys from 309 individuals in MMC and 349 in FFS 2 years after MMC implementation included demographics, MMC processes, HSA, and unmet health-care needs.
Reports & Publications
As part of the University of California’s three-year evaluation of the Cal MediConnect (CMC) program, this research brief examines the efforts of CMC health plans to identify and transition members from long-term care institutions to home and community-based settings. Findings describe the progress many CMC plans have made in accelerating transitions out of institutional care, including successful strategies and challenges encountered in the process, as well as the barriers that still remain.
This report summarizes the key national trends to emerge from the latest (2013) participant and expenditure data for the three main Medicaid HCBS programs: (1) the mandatory home health services state plan benefit, (2) the optional personal care services state plan benefit, and (3) optional § 1915 (c) HCBS waivers. It also briefly discusses the provision of Medicaid HCBS through § 1115 demonstration waivers and highlights findings from a 2015 survey of Medicaid HCBS participant eligibility, enrollment, and provider reimbursement policies, including those related to the U.S.
Purpose: To understand the impact of experience and contacts with care coordinators on Medicaid Managed Care (MMC) enrollees with disabilities. Method: Primary data was collected from a random sample of 6000 out of the 100,000 people with disabilities enrolled in one state’s mandatory MMC program. Surveys were conducted through the mail, telephone, and Internet; 1041 surveys were completed. The sample used for analysis included 442 MMC enrollees who received care coordination.
This report is part of an evaluation of Cal MediConnect, California's demonstration project to integrate care for people covered under both Medicare and Medicaid. The evaluation is being conducted by the Community Living Policy Center at UCSF and the Health Research for Action Center at UC Berkeley, and is funded by The SCAN Foundation and NIDILRR. This report presents findings from a survey of Cal MediConnect beneficiaries and comparison samples conducted over the telephone in early 2016. With respect to long-term services and supports, LTSS-using beneficiaries in Cal MediConnect report
| 59statistics
| 1
|
http://www.amplepower.com/wire/enermatic/starting/index.html
|
2017-11-20T22:40:58Z
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-47/segments/1510934806258.88/warc/CC-MAIN-20171120223020-20171121003020-00589.warc.gz
| 0.897506
| 1,479
|
CC-MAIN-2017-47
|
webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2017-47__0__74496467
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Do not install the EnerMatic Controller unless you have hooked it up according to these instructions and have been able to access the EnerMatic using HyperTerminal or another terminal emulator program.
This Guide explains how to wire the EnerMatic Controller for a simple test of the User Interface. The Guide is applicable to both the EnerMatic Controller used as an engine start/stop unit, as well as an EnerMatic Controller embedded in a Bolt-In System minus the start/stop functions.
Note the difference in powering the unit depending on its application. Consult the full manual for additional information.
Before wiring the EnerMatic Controller into the electrical system, the unit should be powered up on the bench. It's easier to verify operation and sort out interface issue on the bench with minimal wiring.
For people experienced with computer software, configuring a serial port to run a terminal emulator program such as Windows1 HyperTerminal may be second nature. However someone who has not previously used a terminal emulator with Windows will experience some problems. People using Linux should be able to easily set up Minicom to work, and Apple users will probably have no problems with Zterm.
In the drawing above, three wires are shown. Only two wires are required, the B+ wire to the top left terminal, and TB3-8, reference ground. The third wire shown to Dgnd, the bottom left terminal can be installed to allow testing of the relays on the controller.
Serial Port Configuration
The EnerMatic Controller is programmed to interface to a VT100 terminal, or a PC running a terminal emulator program.
To configure either a real VT100 terminal, or a PC running a terminal emulator program, you must set up the serial port as follows:
Some Windows Hints
Ample Technology has used Linux since 1994, and we have not followed the various versions of Windows since then. Because each Windows version is different, there is no simple explanation for how to set up the serial port.
If your computer has a native serial port there are probably two of them, called COM1 and COM2. One of the ports may be used by an internal modem. If so, you will need to determine which is the free serial port.
Computers without native serial ports will need to use a USB to serial port dongle. The first one of these attached will probably take COM6 as its port.
Set up HyperTerminal so that it does not use hardware flow control, and does not have a dialing phone number. Choose a serial port that is not being used by an internal modem, and configure it as shown above.
Connect the VT100 or PC to X1 connector on the EnerMatic Controller as shown in the diagram. Apply power to the controller. If HyperTerminal is configured properly it will display the first screen of information from the EnerMatic. Follow the instructions until the top menu is displayed.
Passwords and Priviledges
Some of the menus and data is protected by priviledges. The priviledge levels are:
All but user priviledges are password protected. Initially, there is no password required of the system configurator or the technician, so a simple return key suffices to log onto those priviledges. Once logged on, the password can be changed.
Passwords can be 15 characters in length. DO NOT FORGET THE PASSWORD. If you chnage the password and then forget it, you will need the dealer or distributor to rescue you.
Priviledges are useful where normal users want to play with the menus and perhaps change setpoints or configurations. On small craft where the owners are the users, priviledges still have a place. They can prevent inadvertent changes to the operating parameters.
In general it is good practice to run with just user priviledges.
The factory, distributor, or dealer should have configured the system and entered appropriate setpoint for your system voltages. Factory reset is not advised, because factory defaults are for 12V systems and thus 24, 32, or 48 Volt systems will need to be re-configured. This requires a systems configuration priviledge level.
Not everyone shares the same enthusiasm for alarms as the engineers at Ample Technology. So, while there are a great number of conditions which can cause an alarm, they are mostly disabled as the factory default. Check out the alarm configuration and enable those which are desired.
Note that the detection of abnormal conditions can both set and clear an alarm, or you can chose to capture abnormal conditions until the user acknowledges the alarm condition.
Take the time to explore all the menus, forms, and configurations. Review the User Interface Manual to become proficient in operating the unit. Change setpoints to appropriate values for your system, for example battery capacity.
Keep track of questions as they arise and attempt to answer them with the User Interface Manual or the Installation and Wiring Instructions. Discuss unanswered questions with your Ample Power dealer.
Preservation of Setpoints
A means of saving setpoints is now provided during firmware upgrades. Before the upgrades, the setpoints can be captured to a file on the PC. After the upgrade, the file can be sent from the PC back to the EnerMatic to restore the previous settings.
This method first requires that the setpoints can be captured to the PC, but this is a standard feature of HyperTerminal and other terminal emulators. Capture is done over the terminal interface port on the EnerMatic.
Playing back the setpoints to the EnerMatic is done via the so-called network port. This serial port is programmed with the Remote Access Protocol, RAP. Though not necessary here, there is a manual available which explains the workings of RAP. That manual can be downloaded from the website. Data is captured in RAP strings which can then be played back through the RAP server listening on the network port.
Capturing the information first requires that file capture is turned on in the terminal interface. Then the capture option in the Configure menu is chosen. Because capture saves information before and after the RAP strings, the file must be edited to remove the unwanted lines at the beginning and end of the desired strings. Editing instructions are in the captured file.
Sending the RAP strings back via the network port involves setting the terminal emulator to send the file in ASCII mode. The terminal emulator must be set up to send in ASCII mode with an inter-character time of 5 milliseconds or more, and a line delay of 50 milliseconds or more.
Saving and restoring setpoints can be useful for temporary testing where a save is done prior to changing setpoints to test values, and then if the test values are not wanted, restoring from the captured file puts things back to normal.
Firmware Updates This guide has been updated to reflect the changes made in the firmware release 1.0.4.on May 20, 2005. Owners with prior firmware versions may upgrade to this version.
Ample Power products are manufactured by Ample Technology,
2442 NW Market St., #43, Seattle, WA 98107 - USA
| 17electronic_science
| 1
|
https://www.fasbeam.com/forum/_cars/want-to-know-solution-for-bottoming-out-the-suspension-of-grand-i10
|
2019-11-15T21:38:53Z
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2019-47/segments/1573496668712.57/warc/CC-MAIN-20191115195132-20191115223132-00538.warc.gz
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CC-MAIN-2019-47
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webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2019-47__0__86197665
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One of our family member's grand i10 is suffering from a problem of easy bottoming out on moderately rough road where other cars feel fine tackling them. The suspension has not been modified at any point and is in stock factory setting. Still with occupance of just 4 people in the car the i10 bottoms out very easily and the ride quality is affected to a lot degree.
I have a Tiago and have a experience of driving Swift and WagonR lot more than other cars. When compared these cars with the Grand i10 , the suspension of the Grand i10 feels too soft for my liking ( is it the problem with Grand i10? ) The other three cars with full occupancy of 5 people dont have the same problem.
Every time when servicing the i10 we have addressed the problem but have always got the responses like "Hyundai's suspension cannot be tuned", "Sir this is the best setting ", " No car has better setup than i10" . We even wrote a mail stating the problem to the Hyundai's designated authority and they said that " No other owners have got the same problem but will rectify it in the next generation of the Grand i10". At the service center asked the other i10 owners and they also said that they are facing the same issue when 5 people are sitting in the car. We even changed the Hyundai's serive centres but the problem is still there.
Just need a solution to this problem as the car is just 1 year old and no one likes to have a issue with a new car. Even lot of long distance trip are in the pipeline for vacation and going by the road conditions need and urgent solution ( even after market parts ) will do.
| 38mechanical_engineering
| 1
|
https://www.vtc-belgium.com/city-oostend
|
2019-08-24T07:27:10Z
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2019-35/segments/1566027319915.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20190824063359-20190824085359-00336.warc.gz
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Ostend :Ostend is a popular seaside resort of the Belgians and the English, it is nicknamed "The Queen of the beaches".
A charming tourist town, where you will enjoy walking along its beaches and venturing on its tram that runs along the picturesque coast.
On the shopping side, the shops are open on Sundays. What about a lunch break in one of the many restaurants where you can enjoy delicious seafood. VTC Belgium will provide you with a taxi service, inexpensive but luxurious.
Ostend has a great vibe for fishing and plays an important role in the arrival of sea products. A transport of passenger ships and cargo ships completes this essential economic activity.
An agricultural and horticultural activity has developed on the outskirts of the city and the surrounding municipalities.
Fancy artistic discoveries? Ostend is the city of famous painters such as James Ensor, whose house was rehabilitated as a museum, more contemporary is, Roa (street art) and Luc Tuymans. Many exhibitions are presented throughout the year and art galleries are ready to welcome you in town.
You will like to visit the historical highlights of Ostend: Fort Napoleon, the Mercator (former naval officer's school ship), the Sea Museum and the Museum of the Atlantic Wall.
Since the city is a tourist attraction, places to stay are not lacking. When visiting Ostend, our company VTC Belgium will be at your service as soon as you arrive at the airport or your descent off the train. Remember to book your luxury car hire online, as soon as you get settled in, the holidays will begin!
| 25geography
| 1
|
https://careers.pageuppeople.com/434/cimic/en/job/997745/senior-project-engineer
|
2022-06-26T15:13:06Z
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-27/segments/1656103269583.13/warc/CC-MAIN-20220626131545-20220626161545-00584.warc.gz
| 0.899311
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CC-MAIN-2022-27
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webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2022-27__0__170336661
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en
|
Senior Project Engineer
- Job ID
- Job Type
- Permanent Full-time
- Aus - Melbourne
- Engineering - Other
About CPBJH JV
CPBJH JV brings together two of Australia's leading construction partners, CPB Contractors and John Holland, with unparalleled expertise in large-scale and complex project management, civil construction, traffic management and tunnelling.
The West Gate Tunnel is a partnership between the Victorian Government and Transurban. The Joint Venture has been chosen as the preferred contractor for construction, which began in early 2018 following planning assessment.
About the Project
The West Gate Tunnel Project is a city-shaping project that will deliver a vital alternative to the West Gate Bridge, provide quicker and safer journeys, and remove thousands of trucks off residential streets. The project will include:
- Widening the West Gate Freeway from eight lanes to 12 between the M80 Ring Road and Williamstown Road;
- Building a 2.8km eastbound tunnel and a 4km westbound tunnel under Yarraville;
- Constructing a bridge over the Maribyrnong River providing an alternative to the West Gate Bridge;
- Constructing an elevated road along Footscray Road to the Port of Melbourne; and
- Major new cycling and pedestrian paths.
About the Role
As the Senior Project Engineer, you will be responsible for coordinating on-site engineering functions to achieve time and budget objectives and provide efficient support for construction activities. You will also use your experience to be accountable the execution of ITS gantry structures, and on road electrical infrastructure throughout the East and West zones of our project for:
- Leading the delivery of discrete packages of work, while coordinating with the wider team
- Mid and short-term planning and productivity monitoring of works and scheduling of resources
- Delivering cost forecasting and reporting
- Procuring Materials and Subcontractors
- Supporting and fulfilling all required Safety, Environmental, and other Regulatory obligations
- Leading, managing, and supporting other Engineers
You will be an experienced Structures Senior Project Engineer and will bring with you:
- Relevant tertiary qualifications and / or relevant experience e.g. Engineering – Civil/Structural/Mechanical
- Demonstrated ability to handle complex tasks and meet deadlines.
- Proven experience in successfully delivering large work packages
- Ability to effectively manage budgets, systems, and stakeholders to achieve an exceptional outcome.
CPBJH JV is committed to equal employment opportunity (EEO) and actively seeks to remove barriers people may face in gaining a successful position on the West Gate Tunnel Project. We value diversity in our team and people who share our values of authenticity, respect and excellence are encouraged to apply.
| 63transportation_engineering
| 1
|
https://www.intel.com/content/www/us/en/docs/trace-analyzer-collector/user-guide-reference/2021-10/how-the-collection-works.html
|
2023-10-03T01:58:45Z
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-40/segments/1695233511023.76/warc/CC-MAIN-20231002232712-20231003022712-00439.warc.gz
| 0.902632
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CC-MAIN-2023-40
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webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-40__0__30310575
|
en
|
How the Collection Works
Understanding how Intel® Trace Collector finds the various supported errors is important because it helps to understand what the different configuration options mean, what the collector can do and what it cannot, and how to interpret the results.
Just as for performance analysis, Intel Trace Collector intercepts all MPI calls using the MPI profiling interface. It has different wrappers for each MPI call. In these wrappers it can execute additional checks not normally done by the MPI implementation itself.
For global checks Intel Trace Collector uses two different methods for transmitting the additional information: in collective operations it executes another collective operation before or after the original operation, using the same communicator. For point-to-point communication it sends one additional message over a shadow communicator for each message sent by the application.
In addition to exchanging this extra data through MPI itself, Intel Trace Collector also creates one background thread per process. These threads are connected to each other through TCP sockets and thus can communicate with each other even while MPI is being used by the main application thread.
For distributed memory checking and locking memory that the application should not access, Intel Trace Collector interacts with Valgrind* through Valgrind's client request mechanism. Valgrind tracks definedness of memory (that is, whether it was initialized or not) within a process; Intel Trace Collector extends that mechanism to the whole application by transmitting this additional information between processes using the same methods which also transmit the additional data type information and restoring the correct Valgrind state at the recipient.
Without Valgrind the LOCAL:MEMORY:ILLEGAL_MODIFICATION check is limited to reporting write accesses which modified buffers; typically this is detected long after the fact. With Valgrind, memory which the application hands over to MPI is set to "inaccessible" in Valgrind by Intel Trace Collector and accessibility is restored when ownership is transferred back. In between any access by the application is flagged by Valgrind right at the point where it occurs. Suppressions are used to avoid reports for the required accesses to the locked memory by the Intel MPI Library itself.
| 12communication_engineering
| 1
|
https://www.pubcard.net/paper/dfdde9fdc2e54ebea1774e3312d06475
|
2023-05-30T16:51:28Z
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-23/segments/1685224646076.50/warc/CC-MAIN-20230530163210-20230530193210-00302.warc.gz
| 0.720549
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CC-MAIN-2023-23
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webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-23__0__245790059
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en
|
(Peer-Reviewed) Ostensibly perpetual optical data storage in glass with ultra-high stability and tailored photoluminescence
Zhuo Wang 王卓 ¹, Bo Zhang 张博 ¹, Dezhi Tan 谭德志 ², Jianrong Qiu 邱建荣 ¹ ³
¹ State Key Laboratory of Modern Optical Instrumentation, and College of Optical Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
中国 浙江 浙江大学光电科学与工程学院 现代光学仪器国家重点实验室
² Zhejiang Lab, Hangzhou 311100, China
中国 杭州 之江实验室
³ CAS Center for Excellence in Ultra-intense Laser Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China
中国 上海 中国科学院 超强激光科学卓越创新中心
Opto-Electronic Advances, 2022-08-31
Long-term optical data storage (ODS) technology is essential to break the bottleneck of high energy consumption for information storage in the current era of big data. Here, ODS with an ultralong lifetime of 2107 years is attained with single ultrafast laser pulse induced reduction of Eu3+ ions and tailoring of optical properties inside the Eu-doped aluminosilicate glasses.
We demonstrate that the induced local modifications in the glass can stand against the temperature of up to 970 K and strong ultraviolet light irradiation with the power density of 100 kW/cm2. Furthermore, the active ions of Eu2+ exhibit strong and broadband emission with the full width at half maximum reaching 190 nm, and the photoluminescence (PL) is flexibly tunable in the whole visible region by regulating the alkaline earth metal ions in the glasses. The developed technology and materials will be of great significance in photonic applications such as long-term ODS.
Periodic transparent nanowires in ITO film fabricated via femtosecond laser direct writing
Qilin Jiang, Long Chen, Jukun Liu, Yuchan Zhang, Shian Zhang, Donghai Feng, Tianqing Jia, Peng Zhou, Qian Wang, Zhenrong Sun, Hongxing Xu
Chiral detection of biomolecules based on reinforcement learning
Yuxiang Chen, Fengyu Zhang, Zhibo Dang, Xiao He, Chunxiong Luo, Zhengchang Liu, Pu Peng, Yuchen Dai, Yijing Huang, Yu Li, Zheyu Fang
| 9chemistry
| 1
|
http://www.miriamdonkers.nl/plate/fe5945893a190909.html
|
2021-08-01T07:29:23Z
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-31/segments/1627046154163.9/warc/CC-MAIN-20210801061513-20210801091513-00697.warc.gz
| 0.883922
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CC-MAIN-2021-31
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webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2021-31__0__3765651
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Austenite-ferritic stainless steel (08Kh18G8N2T) with low content of Ni (2%) is created by research of structure, phase composition, corrosion resistance, and mechanical properties of alloys of 316 / 316L Stainless Steel Plate - ASTM A240 & ASME 316 / 316L stainless steel plates are part of the austenitic family of stainless steel and is the most widely used varieties of stainless plate. 316 grades contain a higher level of Nickel than 304 giving it an improved corrosion resistance over 304 grades. 316/316L plate is a good option for marine applications due to a good atmospheric corrosion resistance. 316L is a low carbon modification
Molybdenum Content of Stainless Steel 316L. Also, 316 stainless steel contains between 2 3% molybdenum to give it its chloride-fighting properties. Molybdenum is a key ingredient in 316 stainless steel because it prevents small carbide particles that weaken the Chromic Oxide layer on the surface of the steel from forming at grain boundaries 316L stainless steel Desktop Metal316L is a molybdenum-bearing, fully-austenitic stainless steel. Its known for its excellent corrosion resistancefor example, it's resistance to pitting corrosionand mechanical properties at both high and low temperatures. 316L is a common material used in a wide variety of applications, including. Chemical and petrochemical processing AISI 316L Stainless Steel vs. AISI 317L Stainless Steel May 30, 2020 · Both AISI 316L stainless steel and AISI 317L stainless steel are iron alloys. They have a very high 96% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 34 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (2, in this case) are not shown.
May 30, 2020 · Both AISI 316L stainless steel and AISI 317L stainless steel are iron alloys. They have a very high 96% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 34 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (2, in this case) are not shown. ASTM A240 316|316L Stainless Steel Plate SpecificationASTM A240 316/316l Stainless Steel Plate. In ASTM A240, type 316 and 316L is a chromium nickel austenitic steel, Element molybdenum addition can enhances corrosion resistance of stainless steel, which is the main factor that 316/316l is more corrosion resistant than 304/304l. COMPARATIVE STUDY OF MECHANICAL PROPERTIES COMPARATIVE STUDY OF MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF 316L STAINLESS STEEL BETWEEN TRADITIONAL PRODUCTION METHODS AND SELECTIVE LASER MELTING Alton Dale Lackey, M.S.T Western Carolina University (April 2016) Additive manufacturing, also known as 3D printing, is a technology which has recently seen
COMPARATIVE STUDY OF MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF 316L STAINLESS STEEL BETWEEN TRADITIONAL PRODUCTION METHODS AND SELECTIVE LASER MELTING Alton Dale Lackey, M.S.T Western Carolina University (April 2016) Additive manufacturing, also known as 3D printing, is a technology which has recently seen Grade 316 Stainless Steel:Properties, Fabrication and May 18, 2005 · 316 Stainless Steel. S tainless stee l 316 contains an addition of molybdenum that gives it improved corrosion resistance. This is particularly apparent for pitting and crevice corrosion in chloride environments. 316L Stainless Steel. 316L, the low carbon version of S tainless stee l 316, is immune to grain boundary carbide precipitation (sensitisation).This makes it suited to use in heavy Mechanical Properties - 316 316L 1.4401 1.4404 Stainless 316 1.4401 316L 1.4404 Mechanical Properties Room Temperature Tensile Properties Minimum mechanical properties for annealed Alloys 316, 316L and 317L austenitic stainless steel as required by ASTM specifications ASTM A213 and ASME specification SA-213 are shown below.
Mechanical Properties of 304L and 316L Austenitic Stainless Steels after Thermal Aging for 1500 Hours Cast Stainless Steel Aging (LW-16OR040215) September 2016 U.S. Depart of Energy Office of Nuclear Energy M3LW-16OR0402153 PNNL-25854 DISCLAIMER This information was prepared as an account of work sponsored by an agency of the U.S. Government. Microstructure and mechanical properties of the austenitic Aug 04, 2017 · For understanding the microstructure evolution of austenitic stainless steel during the thermal cycles of GMA-AM and their relation with mechanical properties, the microstructures, microhardness and tensile properties of the GMA-AM austenitic stainless steel 316L are investigated. Predictive models for physical and mechanical properties Mar 07, 2016 · Selective Laser Melting (SLM) processing parameters are known to greatly influence 316L stainless steel final properties. A simple energy density calculation is insufficient for explaining mechanical and physical properties as well as microstructural characteristics, which are known to significantly influence these parts performance.
| 36materials_science
| 1
|
https://templates.irmapost.me/3-fold-brochure-template-psd/
|
2023-03-22T02:30:55Z
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-14/segments/1679296943749.68/warc/CC-MAIN-20230322020215-20230322050215-00767.warc.gz
| 0.91125
| 960
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CC-MAIN-2023-14
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webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-14__0__197388723
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en
|
3 Fold Brochure Template Psd. Fluctuate your Brochure scheme from the template. upon the off inadvertent that you compulsion your matter to stand apart from the remainder of your industry, your Brochure printing and configuration should stand apart a similar way. study what components pretense and don’t measure in your rivals’ Brochures and in those enjoyable 3 Fold Brochure Template Psd discovered on the web. At that point, create your own plot format in view of those triumphant components, or have an proficient architect back you out.
Perhaps the most ideal approaches to complete this is by using land poster template taking into account making showcasing for their property postings. house flyer template are pre-planned showcasing flyers, which specialists admittance in an altering program afterward Microsoft Publisher or Adobe Photoshop, embed their property’s photographs and portrayal, at that lessening spare and print for use in log on houses and for oscillate promoting endeavors. Here are the best five focal points to utilizing estate classified ad and 3 Fold Brochure Template Psd:
Boundless Use – An operating summit creating operator is all the time hoping to benefits their “simply recorded” or “simply sold” postings. What better door to make promoting material at that reduction to have your own classified ad 3 Fold Brochure Template Psd?
When you list a property, straightforwardly load stirring the 3 Fold Brochure Template Psd, fall in the photographs and portrayal content, and you’re set. At that point, after you sell the property, basically load occurring the “simply recorded” template, change it to “simply sold,” and fine-tune the cost to the pact cost. Presently you have a bright promoting advertisement that you can disseminate to your homestead zone to choose up validity and hotshot your most recent deal.
A key attribute of a summit creating operator is commonality. The entirety of the summit operator’s showcasing material has a steady plan subject, a specific “look” that separates them from swing specialists in the region. Operators that utilization plain flyers don’t create that mark brand describe that the notable specialists have. Reliably utilizing a particular top notch want ad 3 Fold Brochure Template Psd that is one of a nice can encourage prospects in your general vicinity assistant that look considering you and permit you to build a sealed and conspicuous brand picture.
Lower marketing Cost – Many operators contribute a lot of cash every month for promoting administrations and projects just to wind stirring not utilizing them since they are straightforwardly excessively convoluted or tedious. exchange operators wind occurring contracting planners or advertising colleagues to incite them past sorting out and actualize their promoting efforts, which is likewise expensive. Utilizing classified ad template, specialists pay a one mature forthright suit for the template frequently not exactly the cost of one hour or work by an architect and can utilize that 3 Fold Brochure Template Psd for the remainder of their house vocation without bringing more or less any longer plot expenses.
Agonizing on top of drain lines, tape arrangements, and archive sizes isn’t an operator’s strength. The beneficial thing more or less smoothly made house template is that the printing determinations are incorporated bearing in mind the template and are, in this manner, effectively dealt with. Basically update the 3 Fold Brochure Template Psd once other photographs and content each times you use it, and send it off to your print shop or your own printer.
By utilizing the equivalent template each era you print, you can acquire any print errors dealt once the first occasion following you utilize that 3 Fold Brochure Template Psd, at that lessening clearly spare it and re-use it over and again. This encourages you save occurring steady print settings which takes into account easy and to-do pardon printing.
Operators that reliably acquire other posting are fast next every that they do. Commonly these summit makers have a activity that they delegate advertising and authoritative work to, which permits them to attain more things speedier. on the off unintended that you don’t have your own intervention to preserve you, you can even now coordinate these summit makers in swiftness by making your own productive advertising framework utilizing pre-made billboard template. subsequent to you acquire other posting, undertake the photographs and burden them into your 3 Fold Brochure Template Psd, and get them printed.
Reuben good is the maker of Turnkey Flyers, an online asset that assists realtors past their advertising by giving downloadable poster 3 Fold Brochure Template Psd, reachable video instructional exercises, and critical deals and promoting articles.
| 14design
| 1
|
http://www.google.com/patents/US7247870?dq=4,923,986
|
2015-04-21T03:55:08Z
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2015-18/segments/1429246640001.64/warc/CC-MAIN-20150417045720-00035-ip-10-235-10-82.ec2.internal.warc.gz
| 0.829586
| 13,529
|
CC-MAIN-2015-18
|
webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2015-18__0__50415914
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en
|
|Publication number||US7247870 B2|
|Application number||US 11/512,822|
|Publication date||Jul 24, 2007|
|Filing date||Aug 30, 2006|
|Priority date||Feb 25, 2005|
|Also published as||EP1853882A2, EP1853882A4, EP1853882B1, US7109503, US7365351, US20060192151, US20070018122, US20070029512, WO2006093781A2, WO2006093781A3|
|Publication number||11512822, 512822, US 7247870 B2, US 7247870B2, US-B2-7247870, US7247870 B2, US7247870B2|
|Inventors||Alexander I. Ershov, William N. Partlo|
|Original Assignee||Cymer, Inc.|
|Export Citation||BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan|
|Patent Citations (86), Non-Patent Citations (57), Referenced by (11), Classifications (16), Legal Events (4) |
|External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, Espacenet|
Systems for protecting internal components of an EUV light source from plasma-generated debris
US 7247870 B2
Systems and methods are disclosed for protecting an EUV light source plasma production chamber optical element surface from debris generated by plasma formation. In one aspect of an embodiment of the present invention, a shield is disclosed which comprises at least one hollow tube positioned between the optical element and a plasma formation site. The tube is oriented to capture debris while allowing light to pass through the tube's lumen via reflection at relatively small angles of grazing incidence. In another aspect of an embodiment of the present invention, a shield is disclosed which is heated to a temperature sufficient to remove one or more species of debris material that has deposited on the shield. In yet another aspect of an embodiment of the present invention, a system is disclosed which a shield is moved from a light source plasma chamber to a cleaning chamber where the shield is cleaned.
1. A system for protecting an EUV light source plasma production chamber optical element surface from debris generated by plasma formation, the system comprising:
a shield interposable between a plasma formation site and the optical element to deposit debris thereon; and
a heater to heat the shield to a temperature sufficient to remove at least a portion the deposited debris, the heater comprising a conductor in contact with the shield and a current source for passing a current through the conductor.
2. The system of claim 1
wherein the shield is made of a material selected from the group of materials consisting of CaF2, fused silica and MgF2.
3. The system of claim 1
wherein the conductor is a band made of Mo.
4. The system of claim 1
wherein the plasma comprises Sn, an etchant is introduced into the plasma chamber and the heater heats the shield to a temperature greater than 200 degrees C. to initiate a chemical reaction between deposited Sn and the etchant.
5. The system of claim 1
wherein the conductor is a band formed with extensions allowing the band to hold and mechanically support the shield.
6. The system of claim 1
wherein the plasma comprises Li and the heater heats the shield to a temperature greater than 400 degrees C. to vaporize deposited Li.
7. A system for protecting an EUV light source plasma production chamber optical element surface from debris generated by plasma formation, the system comprising:
A shield positioned relative to a plasma formation site to deposit debris thereon;
a heater to heat material on the shield to a temperature sufficient to initiate a substantial chemical reaction between deposited debris and the etchant to remove at least a portion the deposited debris.
8. The system of claim 7
wherein the etchant is introduced into the system as a gas.
9. The system of claim 7
wherein the etchant is selected from the group of etchants consisting of HBr, Br2, Cl2, HCl and H2.
10. The system of claim 9
wherein the deposited debris comprises Tin.
11. The system of claim 10
wherein the heater heats material on the shield to a temperature greater than 200 degrees C.
12. The system of claim 7
wherein the heater is selected from the group of heaters consisting of a radiative heater, a radio-frequency heater and a microwave heater.
13. The system of claim 7
wherein at least a portion the deposited debris is removed by evaporation.
14. The system of claim 7
wherein at least a portion the deposited debris is removed by wicking.
15. The system of claim 7
wherein a plasma is generated at the plasma formation site by irradiating a target material with a laser beam.
16. The system of claim 7
wherein the optical element surface is selected from the group of surfaces consisting of a laser input window surface, an imager window surface and an EUV light detector surface.
17. A method for protecting an EUV light source plasma production chamber optical element surface from debris generated by plasma formation, the method comprising the steps of:
Positioning a shield relative to a plasma formation site to deposit debris thereon;
Exposing the shield an etchant;
heating material on the shield to a temperature sufficient to initiate a substantial chemical reaction between deposited debris and the etchant to remove at least a portion the deposited debris.
18. The method of claim 17
wherein the etchant is selected from the group of etchants consisting of HBr, Br2, Cl2, HCl and H2.
19. The method of claim 18
wherein the deposited debris comprises Tin.
20. The system of claim 19
wherein the heater heats material on the shield to a temperature greater than 200 degrees C.
This application is a divisional of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/067,099 filed Feb. 25, 2005 now U.S. Pat. No. 7,109,503. The present application is related to U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/979,945, entitled LPP EUV LIGHT SOURCE, filed on Nov. 1, 2004, and Ser. No. 10/900,839, entitled EUV LIGHT SOURCE, filed on Jul. 27, 2004, and Ser. No. 10/803,526, entitled HIGH REPETITION RATE LPP EUV LIGHT SOURCE, filed on Mar. 17, 2004, and Ser. No. 10/798,740, entitled COLLECTOR FOR EUV LIGHT, filed on Mar. 10, 2004, the disclosures of each of which is incorporated by reference.
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to extreme ultraviolet (“EUV”) light generators providing EUV light from a plasma created from a source material and collected and directed to a focus for utilization outside of the EUV light source generation chamber, e.g., for semiconductor integrated circuit manufacturing photolithography process performing machines, e.g., at wavelengths of around 20 nm and below.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Extreme ultraviolet (“EUV”) light, e.g., electromagnetic radiation having wavelengths of around 20 nm or less (also sometimes referred to a soft x-rays), and including light at a wavelength of about 13.5 nm, can be used in photolithography processes to produce extremely small features in substrates, e.g., silicon wafers.
Methods to produce EUV light include, but are not necessarily limited to, converting a material into a plasma state that has an element, e.g. xenon, lithium or tin, with an emission line in the EUV range. In one such method, often termed electric discharge produced plasma (“DPP”), the plasma may be produced by an electrical discharge between a pair of electrodes. In another method, the required plasma can be produced by irradiating a target material, such as a droplet, stream or cluster of material having the required line-emitting element, with a laser beam. This later process is referred to as laser produced plasma (“LPP”).
For each of these processes, the plasma is typically produced in a sealed vessel, e.g., vacuum chamber, and monitored using various types of metrology equipment. In addition to generating EUV radiation, these plasma processes also typically generate undesirable by-products in the plasma chamber which can include heat, high energy ions and scattered debris from the plasma formation, e.g., atoms and/or clumps of source material that is not fully ionized in the plasma formation process.
These plasma formation by-products can potentially damage or reduce the operational efficiency of the various plasma chamber optical elements including, but not limited to, the surfaces of metrology detectors, windows used to image the plasma formation process, and in the case of LPP, the laser input window. The heat, high energy ions and/or source material debris may be damaging to the optical elements in a number of ways, including heating them, coating them with materials which reduce light transmission, penetrating into them and, e.g., damaging structural integrity and/or optical properties, e.g., the ability of a mirror to reflect light at such short wavelengths, corroding or eroding them and/or diffusing into them. In addition, some optical elements, e.g., the laser input window, form a part of the vacuum chamber and are thus placed under a stress when a vacuum is present in the plasma chamber. For these elements, deposits and heat can combine to fracture, (i.e., crack) the element resulting in a loss of vacuum and requiring a costly repair.
Accessing contaminated or damaged optical elements in the plasma chamber for the purpose of cleaning or replacing the elements can be expensive, labor intensive and time-consuming. In particular, these systems typically require a rather complicated and time consuming purging and vacuum pump-down of the plasma chamber prior to a re-start after the plasma chamber has been opened. This lengthy process can adversely affect production schedules and decrease the overall efficiency of light sources for which it is typically desirable to operate with little or no downtime.
With the above in mind, Applicants disclose shielding systems and methods useful for increasing the service life of various plasma chamber optical elements and for increasing the time between maintenance operations that require opening of the plasma chamber.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
Systems and methods are disclosed for protecting an EUV light source plasma production chamber optical element surface from debris generated by plasma formation. In one aspect of an embodiment of the present invention, a light transmitting shield is disclosed which is movable into a cleaning chamber from an initial position where the shield is interposed between a plasma formation site and the optical element. In the initial position, the shield prevents debris directed toward the optical element surface from reaching the surface.
In another aspect of an embodiment of the present invention, a shield for a plasma chamber optical element is disclosed which may be heated to a temperature sufficient to remove one or more species of debris material that has deposited on the shield.
In still another aspect of an embodiment of the present invention, a shield system for a plasma chamber optical element is disclosed which comprises at least one hollow tube positioned in between the optical element and a plasma formation site. The tube is oriented to capture debris while allowing light to pass through the lumen, (i.e., bore) of the tube via reflection at relatively small angles of grazing incidence.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 shows a schematic view of an overall broad conception for a laser-produced plasma EUV light source according to an aspect of the present invention;
FIG. 2 shows in schematic, cross-sectional form a possible embodiment of a system for protecting an optical element surface from plasma-source debris according to an aspect of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2A shows in schematic, cross-sectional form an aspect of an embodiment of a slider mechanism for moving a shield into a cleaning chamber according to an aspect of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 shows a schematic, side view of an aspect of another possible embodiment of a shield system for protecting a plasma chamber optical element from plasma source material debris;
FIG. 3A shows a schematic, side view of a plurality of hollow tubes illustrating the path of an exemplary light ray through a hollow tube and the path of an exemplary debris particle being captured by a hollow tube;
FIG. 3B shows a schematic, side view of an aspect of another possible embodiment of a shield system for protecting a plasma chamber optical element from plasma source material debris having one bent hollow tube;
FIG. 3C shows a schematic, side view of an aspect of another possible embodiment of a shield system for protecting a plasma chamber optical element from plasma source material debris having one straight hollow tube; and
FIG. 4 shows a schematic, side view of an aspect of another possible embodiment of a shield system for protecting a plasma chamber optical element from plasma source material debris having a heater for heating a light transmitting shield.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
Turning now to FIG. 1 there is shown a schematic view of an exemplary production EUV light source, e.g., a laser produced plasma EUV light source 20 according to an aspect of the present invention. Although aspects of the present invention are illustrated with reference to a laser produced plasma (LPP), it is to be appreciated that the present invention is equally applicable to other types of light sources which produce a plasma including an electric discharge produced plasma (“DPP”), a representative construction of which is disclosed in co-owned U.S. Pat. No. 6,815,700 which is hereby incorporated by reference.
Continuing with FIG. 1, an LPP light source 20 may contain a pulsed laser system 22, e.g., a gas discharge excimer or molecular fluorine laser operating at high power and high pulse repetition rate and may be a MOPA configured laser system, e.g., as shown in U.S. Pat. Nos. 6,625,191, 6,549,551, and 6,567,450. The light source 20 may also include a target delivery system 24, e.g., delivering targets in the form of liquid droplets, a liquid stream, solid particles or clusters, solid particles contained within liquid droplets or solid particles contained within a liquid stream. The targets may be delivered by the target delivery system 24, e.g., into the interior of a chamber 26 to a plasma formation site 28, otherwise known as an ignition site or the sight of the “fire ball”.
Laser pulses may be delivered from the pulsed laser system 22 along a laser optical axis 55 through a laser input window 57 in the chamber 26 to the irradiation site, suitably focused, to create an ignition or fire ball that forms a plasma, having certain characteristics, including wavelength of the EUV light produced, type and amount of debris released from the plasma during or after ignition, according to the material of the target.
The light source may also include a collector 30. e.g., a reflector, e.g., in the form of a truncated ellipse, with an aperture to allow the laser light to pass through and reach the ignition site 28. The collector 30 may be, e.g., an elliptical mirror that has a first focus at the ignition site 28 and a second focus at a so-called intermediate point 40 (also called the intermediate focus 40) where the EUV light is output from the light source and input to, e.g., an integrated circuit lithography tool (not shown). The system 20 may also include a target position detection system 42.
The pulsed system 22 may include, e.g., a master oscillator-power amplifier (“MOPA”) configured dual chambered gas discharge laser system having, e.g., an oscillator laser system 44 and an amplifier laser system 48, with, e.g., a magnetic reactor-switched pulse compression and timing circuit 50 for the oscillator laser system 44 and a magnetic reactor-switched pulse compression and timing circuit 52 for the amplifier laser system 48, along with a pulse power timing monitoring system 54 for the oscillator laser system 44 and a pulse power timing monitoring system 56 for the amplifier laser system 48. The system 20 may also include an EUV light source controller system 60, which may also include, e.g., a target position detection feedback system 62 and a firing control system 65, along with, e.g., a laser beam positioning system 66.
The target position detection system may include a plurality of droplet imagers 70, 72 and 74 that provide input relative to the position of a target droplet, e.g., relative to the ignition site and provide these inputs to the target position detection feedback system, which can, e.g., compute a target position and trajectory, from which a target error can be computed, if not on a droplet by droplet basis then on average, which is then provided as an input to the system controller 60, which can, e.g., provide a laser position, direction and timing correction signal, e.g., to the laser beam positioning system 66 that the laser beam positioning system can use, e.g., to control the laser timing circuit and/or to control the laser position and direction changer 68, e.g., to change the focus point of the laser beam to a different ignition point 28.
The imager 74 may, e.g., be aimed along an imaging line 75, e.g., aligned with a desired trajectory path of a target droplet 94 from the target delivery mechanism 92 to the desired ignition site 28 and the imagers 72 and 76 may, e.g., be aimed along respective intersecting imaging lines 76 and 78 that intersect, e.g., along the desired trajectory path at some point along the trajectory path before the desired ignition site 28.
The target delivery control system 90, in response to a signal from the system controller 60 may, e.g., modify the release point of the target droplets 94 as released by the target delivery mechanism 92 to correct for errors in the target droplets arriving at the desired ignition site 28. An EUV light source detector 100 positioned at or near the intermediate focus 40 may also provide feedback to the system controller 60 that can be, e.g., indicative of the errors in such things as the timing and focus of the laser pulses to properly intercept the target droplets in the right place and time for effective and efficient EUV light production.
As shown schematically in FIG. 1 and described in more detail below, an aspect of an embodiment of the present invention includes shielding systems 102 a-e for protecting respective plasma chamber optical element surfaces 104 a-e from debris generated at the plasma formation site 28. In particular, as shown, shield system 102 a protects surface 104 a of laser input window 57, shield systems 102 b, 102 c and 102 d protect respective surfaces 104 b, 104 c and 104 d of respective imaging windows of imagers 70, 72 74 and shield system 102 e protects surface 104 e of EUV light source detector 100.
FIG. 2 shows a system, illustrated schematically and designated generally system 102, for protecting a surface 104 a of an optical element, e.g., laser input window 57, from debris resulting from plasma formation according to an aspect of an embodiment of the present invention. Although the system 102 is shown for protecting a laser input window 57 in FIG. 2, it is to be appreciated that the system 102 shown can be used to protect other optical components including, but not limited to, imaging windows and light detector input surfaces. As shown in FIG. 2, the system 102 may include a cleaning chamber 106 that may be positioned adjacent to the plasma chamber 26.
Discrete shields 108 a,b made of a transparent material, e.g. a material that is transparent to the laser beam 109 (or to light being sampled by an external metrology device, e.g., EUV light or visible light) may be mounted on a mechanism 110 that is configured to sequentially move each shield 108 from the plasma chamber 26 to the cleaning chamber 106 and then back into the plasma chamber 26, and so forth. More specifically, the mechanism can locate each shield 108 in a first position (corresponding to the position shown for shield 108 a) where the shield 108 is interposed between the plasma formation site 28 and the laser input window 57 to prevent debris 112 that is directed toward the laser input window 57 from reaching the window 57. The mechanism 110 can be activated to then move the shield 108 from the first position described above to a second position (corresponding to the position shown for shield 108 b) in which the shield 108 may be disposed within the cleaning chamber 106 to clean deposited debris from the shield 108. Although two shields 108 are shown in FIG. 2, it is to be appreciated that more than two shields 108 and as few as one shield 108 may be used. In addition, a contiguous annularly shaped, strip of transparent material spanning 360 degrees may be used in which only a portion of the strip is interposed between the plasma formation site 28 and the laser input window 57 at any one time. For this case, the interposed portion of the continuous strip constitutes a “shield” for purposes of the present disclosure, and accordingly, the strip constitutes a plurality of shields.
As shown in FIG. 2, the mechanism 110 may include a wheel 114 defining a wheel axis 116. The shield(s) 108 may be attached to the wheel 114, as shown. When activated, a rotation assembly in the mechanism 110 rotates the shield(s) 108 (see arrow 118) about the wheel axis 116 to move the shield 108 from the plasma chamber 26 to the cleaning chamber 106, and after cleaning, back into the plasma chamber 26. This rotation may be performed in increments or may be continuous. With this structural arrangement, one or more shields 108 on the wheel 114 may be cleaned in the cleaning chamber 106, and simultaneously, another shield 108 on the wheel 114 may be used to prevent plasma source debris 112 from reaching the laser input window 57 in the plasma chamber 26.
In the cleaning chamber 106, an etchant source 120 may be provided to establish a concentration of an etchant such as HBr for cleaning debris from the shield 108. Alternatively, suitable etchants can include, but are not necessarily limited to etchants such as Br2, Cl2, HCl, H2 and HCF3. For example, an HBr concentration of a few Torr can be used in the cleaning chamber to clean the shields 108. In some cases, a relatively small HBr concentration, e.g., 10 milliTorr may also be maintained in the plasma chamber 46 to etch structures therein. With this arrangement, only a reasonably tight seal between chamber 26 and 106 near the mechanism 110 may be required. In some implementations, an apparatus (not shown) may be included in the cleaning chamber to mechanically clean the shield 108. Alternatively, or in addition to either mechanical cleaning, etching or both, a heat source (not shown) can be used to remove deposited material from the shield 108 (see further discussion below regarding removal of deposit debris by heating). In still another variation, plasma etching or plasma assisted etching may be used in the cleaning chamber 106, e.g., an rf plasma using Argon at a pressure of about 1 mTorr.
FIG. 2A shows another aspect of an embodiment in accordance with the present invention in which the system includes a mechanism 110′ which comprises a slider assembly 122 to move the shield 108 along a linear path (in the direction of arrow 124) from the plasma chamber 26 to the cleaning chamber 106. Although not shown, it is to be appreciated that multiple slider assemblies (each operable on a different shield) may be used allowing the use of one shield 108 in the plasma chamber 26 while one or more shields 108 are simultaneously cleaned in the cleaning chamber 106.
The ability to protect the laser input window 57 from heat and debris as described above may also facilitate the positioning of the window 57 at a location that is closer to the plasma formation site 28 (than a corresponding unprotected window). This, in turn, may be beneficial when the laser input window 57 also functions as a lens. In this case, movement of the lens closer to the plasma formation site may allow the use of a laser source having a reduced laser divergence and pointing stability requirements.
FIG. 3 shows a system according to another aspect of an embodiment of the present invention, illustrated schematically and designated generally system 102′, for protecting a surface 104 d of an optical element, e.g., EUV light detector 100, from debris resulting from plasma formation. As shown, the system 102′ may include a plurality of hollow tubes 126, e.g., so-called capillary tubes, with each tube having a tube wall that surrounds a tube lumen, (i.e., bore). Tubes 126 may be made of a material, e.g., glass, metal or ceramic, e.g., borosilicate material, which reflects EUV light at grazing angles of incidence, e.g., grazing incidence reflection at small (<10 degrees) angles of grazing incidence where the EUV reflectivity of smooth surfaces is relatively high for most materials. As shown, the tubes 126 may be grouped together and housed within a stainless steel housing tube 128 having a similar shape as the tubes 126. In an exemplary embodiment, about 50 bent glass capillary tubes 126 (1 mm outer diameter, 0.78 mm inner diameter, 150 mm long) may be mounted inside of a bent stainless steel tube 128. As shown in FIG. 3A, the tubes 126 may be shaped having a midsection 130 that may be laterally offset from a tube axis 132 defined by the tube ends 134, 136. In particular, the midsection 130 may be offset by a distance 138 that is larger than inner diameter of the tube 126.
FIG. 3A shows that the tubes 126 may be interposed between the plasma formation site 28 and the surface 104 e. FIG. 3A also shows an exemplary path 140 of an EUV light ray and the exemplary path 142 of a debris particle. As shown, the EUV light ray passes through the lumen, (i.e., bore) of a tube 126 after a series of small angle grazing incidence reflections from the inner wall surface of the tube 126 and reaches the surface 104 e. On the other hand, as shown, the debris particle may strike the inner wall of the hollow tube and stick to the inner wall. Moreover, in some cases, the accumulation of debris on the inner wall may result in a smooth enough surface to adequately reflect EUV light at grazing angles of incidence. Use of the tubes 126 may have an advantage over the use of flat mirrors to direct light to a detector in that they will automatically direct the light towards the end of the tube and no complicated alignment is required, like in the case of redirecting mirrors.
FIG. 3 also shows that the system 102′ may include a sub-system 144 for releasing a gas for flow through each tube 126. In each tube 126, the gas may collide with and deflect debris particles into the inner tube wall. The gas then exits each tube 126 enters the plasma chamber. Exemplary gases for this purpose may include gases such as argon and helium which are relatively transparent to EUV light. As shown, the gas may be introduced into the stainless steel tube 128 and the detector 100. Detector 100 may include one or more thin EUV filter foils 146, a multi-layer mirror 148 and a photodiode detector 150, as shown.
The system 102′ may also include a partially transmitting, (e.g., approximately 50% transmitting) plate 152 having small straight channels (several μm diameter, so-called collimated holes) located between the tubes 126 and the detector 100 to block remaining debris particles from hitting the detector 100. For example, the channel plate can be formed of a glass capillary array having a length of about 1-5 mm and capillary diameters between about 5 μm and 100 μm). Also, the channel plate 152 can also be mounted in the stainless steel tube 128 at an angle, θ, e.g. 5-10 degrees, to avoid a straight passage through the channels and ensure grazing-incidence reflection.
FIG. 3B shows another aspect of an embodiment of the present invention having a single bent, hollow tube 126′, for protecting a surface of an optical element, e.g. EUV light detector 100, from debris resulting from plasma formation. FIG. 3C shows yet another aspect of an embodiment of the present invention having a single straight, hollow tube 126″, for protecting a surface of an optical element, e.g. EUV light detector 100, from debris resulting from plasma formation. Long straight tubes 126″ may be used to confine the detector viewing angle. The single tubes 126′ and 126″ can be combined with a gas flow from a gas sub system 144 to increase the probability of collisions with debris particles and may include a partially transmitting plate 152. It is to be appreciated that a plurality of straight tubes 126″ could be bundle together in a manner similar to the bundled bent tubes 126 shown in FIG. 3.
FIG. 4 shows a system according to another aspect of an embodiment of the present invention, designated generally system 102″, for protecting a surface of an optical element, e.g., a laser input window, imager window or EUV light detector, from debris resulting from plasma formation. As shown, the system 102″ may include a shield 108′ made of a light transmissive material, e.g., a material that is substantially transparent to an LPP laser beam (or to light being sampled by an external metrology device, e.g., EUV light or visible light), e.g., CaF2, fused silica or MgF2.
In use, the shield 108′ is positioned inside the plasma chamber 26 (see FIG. 1) and located between the plasma formation site 28 and an optical element to thereby allow debris to temporarily deposit on the surface of the shield 108′. The system 102″ may further include a heater 154 to heat the shield 108′ to a temperature sufficient to remove at least a portion the deposited debris, e.g., to remove portions or all of one or more species.
For example, the heater may heat the shield 108′ to a temperature sufficient vaporize at least a portion of a deposited material. For a plasma source material which comprises Li, the heater 154 may be designed to heat the shield 108′ to a temperature in the range of about 400 to 550 degrees C. to vaporize Li from the shield surface.
In some cases, the heater may heat the shield 108′ to a temperature sufficient to initiate a chemical reaction between a deposited material and an etchant gas that is introduced into the plasma chamber. For a plasma source material which comprises Sn, the heater 154 may be designed to heat the shield 108′ to a temperature in the range of about 200 to 325 degrees C. to initiate a reaction between Sn deposits and gaseous etchants, e.g., HBr, to create a reaction product that is then removed from the shield surface, e.g., by evaporation or wicking, e.g. using copper wire.
As shown in FIG. 4, the heater may comprise a band 156, made of a conductive material, e.g., Mo, that is positioned in contact with the shield 108′ and a current source for passing a current through the conductive band 156. The band 156 may also be formed with extensions 158 allowing the band 156 to hold and mechanically support the shield 108′. Other means of heating the shield 108′ include, but are not limited to radiative heaters, microwave heaters, rf heaters and combinations thereof.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the aspects of embodiments of the present invention disclosed above are intended to be preferred embodiments only and not to limit the disclosure of the present invention(s) in any way and particularly not to a specific preferred embodiment alone. Many changes and modification can be made to the disclosed aspects of embodiments of the disclosed invention(s) that will be understood and appreciated by those skilled in the art. The appended claims are intended in scope and meaning to cover not only the disclosed aspects of embodiments of the present invention(s) but also such equivalents and other modifications and changes that would be apparent to those skilled in the art.
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|US7109503||Feb 25, 2005||Sep 19, 2006||Cymer, Inc.||Systems for protecting internal components of an EUV light source from plasma-generated debris|
|US20030068012||Oct 9, 2002||Apr 10, 2003||Xtreme Technologies Gmbh;||Arrangement for generating extreme ultraviolet (EUV) radiation based on a gas discharge|
|US20030219056||Mar 8, 2003||Nov 27, 2003||Yager Thomas A.||High power deep ultraviolet laser with long life optics|
|US20050199829||Jul 27, 2004||Sep 15, 2005||Partlo William N.||EUV light source|
|US20060091109||Nov 1, 2004||May 4, 2006||Partlo William N||EUV collector debris management|
|US20060131515||Mar 10, 2004||Jun 22, 2006||Partlo William N||Collector for EUV light source|
|USRE34806||May 4, 1992||Dec 13, 1994||Celestech, Inc.||Vacuum chamber having plasma generator and electromagnets used to accelerate plasma beam toward target; efficiency; vapor deposition, semiconductors, solar cells, spacecraft propulsion|
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|Citing Patent||Filing date||Publication date||Applicant||Title|
|US7598509 *||Feb 21, 2006||Oct 6, 2009||Cymer, Inc.||Laser produced plasma EUV light source|
|US7732794 *||Feb 19, 2008||Jun 8, 2010||Komatsu Ltd.||Extreme ultra violet light source apparatus|
|US8158959||Feb 12, 2010||Apr 17, 2012||Gigaphoton Inc.||Extreme ultraviolet light source apparatus|
|US8256441||Apr 24, 2008||Sep 4, 2012||Gigaphoton Inc.||Method for cleaning optical element of EUV light source device and optical element cleaning device|
|US8304752 *||Dec 15, 2009||Nov 6, 2012||Cymer, Inc.||EUV light producing system and method utilizing an alignment laser|
|US8536550 *||Jun 4, 2009||Sep 17, 2013||Gigaphoton Inc.||Method and apparatus for cleaning collector mirror in EUV light generator|
|US8586954||Mar 13, 2012||Nov 19, 2013||Gigaphoton Inc.||Extreme ultraviolet light source apparatus|
|US8593617||Mar 3, 2009||Nov 26, 2013||Asml Netherlands B.V.||Lithographic apparatus, plasma source, and reflecting method|
|US8901524||Sep 11, 2013||Dec 2, 2014||Gigaphoton Inc.||Extreme ultraviolet light source apparatus|
|US20090301517 *||Jun 4, 2009||Dec 10, 2009||Komatsu Ltd.||Method and apparatus for cleaning collector mirror in euv light generator|
|US20100327192 *||Dec 15, 2009||Dec 30, 2010||Cymer Inc.||Alignment Laser|
| || |
|U.S. Classification||250/504.00R, 250/503.1|
|Cooperative Classification||H05G2/001, G03F7/70166, G03F7/70033, B82Y10/00, G03F7/70916, G21K2201/06, G03F7/70925|
|European Classification||B82Y10/00, G03F7/70B6, G03F7/70D16D, G03F7/70P8B, G03F7/70P8D, H05G2/00P|
|Apr 23, 2014||AS||Assignment|
Owner name: ASML NETHERLANDS B.V., NETHERLANDS
Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:CYMER, LLC;REEL/FRAME:032745/0216
Effective date: 20140106
|Mar 12, 2014||AS||Assignment|
Owner name: CYMER, LLC, CALIFORNIA
Free format text: MERGER;ASSIGNOR:CYMER, INC.;REEL/FRAME:032415/0735
Effective date: 20130530
|Jan 24, 2011||FPAY||Fee payment|
Year of fee payment: 4
|Oct 10, 2006||AS||Assignment|
Owner name: CYMER, INC., CALIFORNIA
Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:ERSHOV, ALEXANDER I.;PARTLO, WILLIAM N.;REEL/FRAME:018370/0435;SIGNING DATES FROM 20060827 TO 20060928
| 30instrument_science
| 1
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https://www.crewes.org/Documents/GraduateTheses/abstract.php?docid=CGT201714
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2023-12-02T08:29:18Z
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Predicting heavy oil and bitumen viscosity from well logs and calculated seismic properties
Eric A. Rops
Viscosity is the most important parameter influencing heavy oil production and development. While heavy oil viscosities can be measured in the lab from core and wellhead samples, it would be very useful to have a method to reliably estimate heavy oil viscosity directly from well logs.
Multi-attribute analysis enables a target attribute (viscosity) to be predicted from other known attributes (the well logs). The viscosity measurements were generously provided by Donor Company, which allowed viscosity prediction equations to be trained.
Once the best method of training the prediction was determined, viscosity was successfully predicted from resistivity, gamma-ray, NMR porosity, spontaneous potential, and the sonic logs. The predictions modelled vertical viscosity variations throughout the reservoir interval, while matching the true measurements with a 0.76 correlation.
Another set of viscosity predictions were generated using log-derived seismic properties. The top viscosity-predicting seismic properties were found to be P-wave velocity and acoustic impedance. They predicted viscosity with an average validation error less than one standard deviation, however the predictions were less detailed with a correlation of only 0.35.
Also explored in this thesis was the effect of including depth as a viscosity predictor, predicting viscosity from acoustic logs scaled to seismic frequencies, and bitumen-water contact detection from acoustic logs.
| 49petroleum_and_natural_gas_engineering
| 1
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http://www.audible.com/pd/History/The-General-Armstrong-Privateer-Audiobook/B00RY6YUMM
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2016-09-28T06:12:06Z
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Privateers during wartime were not commissioned by the government for battle, yet there were notable private battles by sea faring entrepreneurs. Co-written by President Theodore Roosevelt this short biographical tale follows the exploits of Mr. Reid and his men in 1814 as they battled the British. Bravery abounds in this against-all-odds bit of history. Narrated by Glenn Hascall.
Public Domain (P)2015 Glenn Hascall
Report Inappropriate Content
| 35literature
| 1
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http://blogs.ft.com/energy-source/2011/06/22/
|
2014-12-19T12:22:23Z
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The technological advances in the oil and gas patch just keep coming. While everyone has been scrambling to catch up with the shale gas revolution, the industry has been working on another potentially significant breakthrough in gas. This one is in producing gas that has long been stranded offshore in areas too far or too small to warrant a pipeline to shore.
Royal Dutch Shell recently announced it would be the first producer to invest in a multibillion dollar project to capture this gas. The project will be a floating liquified natural gas terminal – known as a FLNG terminal in the industry – that makes it economic to get at such gas fields. No pipelines need to be built. Shell just produces the gas until it runs out and then moves along to the next field.
| 49petroleum_and_natural_gas_engineering
| 1
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https://affairsofnaija.com/weather-what-will-the-weather-be-like-this-week-current-woman-le-mag/
|
2023-12-11T13:02:37Z
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To start the week of September 25, 2023 off right, Meteo France forecasts very mild weather, despite a “small cloudy degradation arrived during the night via Brittany” and which will circulate “on the North-West up to Hauts-de-France during the day”. Everywhere else, the sun will be king. “The wind is weakening compared to the day before and is weak everywhere,” details the bulletin. While the weekend was marked by cool mornings and a nice drop in temperaturesthe latter are on the rise again for the coming week, even if you will have to cover up well in the morning. “Morning temperatures are quite cool inland, between 3 and 8 degrees while it is 13 to 15 degrees in Brittany, the Channel coast and the Atlantic coast. Maximum temperatures are still rising everywhere, with 20 to 24 degrees in the northern third of France and Franche-Comté. In the rest of the country it is 24 to 28 degrees, locally up to 29 to 30 degrees in the south of Toulouse. can we still read on the website of Meteo France.
A return of summer?
Throughout the week, temperatures will continue to stabilize around 25°C, even rising to 29°C in Perpignan. The sun will be present over a good part of the country until Wednesday before giving way to some disruptions from Thursday. Indeed, in the afternoon of that day, there will be risk of scattered rain throughout the northern part of France. Disruptions which will continue over time since at the end of the week, the sun will not really be there, except in the far south of France, where the inhabitants of Marseille, Nice, or even Perpignan will be able to continue to put their summer outfits, while the inhabitants of Cherbourg, Lille, and even Caen, will instead have to take out K-ways and umbrellas, despite temperatures above seasonal norms. Be careful, however, of a possible gale between Wednesday and Thursday in the Channel. However, with this weather sounding more summer than autumn, it’s hard to believe that we are fast approaching the month of October!
| 4atmospheric_science
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https://globaldemocracymanifesto.wordpress.com/home-eng/
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2021-05-07T19:26:34Z
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We are living in an era of profound technological and economic transformations to which a similar evolution of the public institutions responsible for its regulation has not corresponded. The economy has been globalized, but political institutions and democracy have not.
We are an independent and pluralistic organization whose objective is to promote global democracy by promoting the existence of democratic institutions at the continental, international and global levels, either through the reform of existing organizations or through the creation of new ones.
To do this, we promote a peaceful and participatory process that involves all the inhabitants of the planet, converted into true citizens of the world.
To know more about Global Democracy, click here.
The Manifesto in numbers
| 50philosophy
| 1
|
http://buckdogpolitics.blogspot.com/2009/09/dear-employment-insurance-recipient.html
|
2017-03-30T06:41:07Z
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Dear Employment Insurance Recipient - Here is what Liberals REALLY Think About Your Plight!
While the New Democratic Party of Canada is working hard to try and improve Employment insurance provisions for you from the Harper government, I would like you to take a moment and read what LIBERALS actually think about your plight.
In a Liberal blog called 'Far and Wide' you will read the following Liberal Party interpretation of your unfortunate circumstances:
"Not only do we further expose the NDP, but the Liberals take away this EI issue, should we go to an election. It's a classic squeeze play, and the final end product will be an even more embarrassing statement, should the NDP vote confidence AGAIN on the next occasion. Rather than using this paltry EI nonsense as validation, people are left scrambling with new rationalizations. Meanwhile, the Liberals project strength and resolve, no sense whatsoever that we fear an election- an interesting posture, given the recent trends."
In short, the Liberal Party of Canada does not give a hoot about the situation of Canadians who have lost their jobs and livelihood during this recession. All they care about, is trying to play political games for their own political benefit.
... Saving the Liberals from themselves .....
| 31journalism_and_media_communication
| 1
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https://www.bonfireyoga.com.au/about-us/our-team/tanya-konigsberger/
|
2024-03-03T05:23:24Z
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Tanya Königsberger a happy healthy yogini living life to the full. Tanya is at her best when she is leading a yoga class or toning bodies in Pilates, and teachers a variety of disciplines and principles. Her favourite class to teach is yin yoga as it takes her students on a journey.
Tanya’s passion lies with helping woman live vibrant lives full of fun, love and movement. She shares her love of moving the body with her 2 sporty boys and enjoys watching her kids playing rugby.
| 28hobby
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|
2019-10-20T20:12:04Z
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Sorry but no, the explination the other tech is giving me is that the ground is storing the energy for the next season! That cant be in the picture I have of how a geothermal loop works! My thought on it is that its a constant temperature in the ground and that due to the length of loop and contact with the earth that the btu transfer is due to the constant temperature. And that is where the energy savings is, kinda like operating an air to air heatpump in 55-60 degree outdoor temperatures. His theory is that the system is running in the winter and storing the energy from the loop for the summer months, and vice versa in the summer. His explination is that the earth around the loops is now like a storage vault, and that from season to season they are reusing the energy they are putting into the vault if you will! I dont see any similarity between what his discription is and what my understanding is.. This tech also tells everyone around us that a vertical loop is the only way a geo-thermal loop can work. I have seen several horizontial loops put in and work effeciently, not to mention open loops and pond loops as well. I run into the arguement that here in Kentucky that the geography will not allow a horizontal loop to work properly. I have no idea of where to look to find info to back the horizontial design!
| 38mechanical_engineering
| 1
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|
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AceShowbiz - Despite never-ending Marvel-DC debates between fans, the two comic book movie kingpins are getting along just fine. On Wednesday, June 7, Kevin Feige from Marvel Studios and Geoff Johns from DC Entertainment came together at an Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences event to honor legendary filmmaker Richard Donner, who directed 1978's "Superman: The Movie".
During the event, Feige revealed that MCU always watched "Superman: The Movie" before making most of their projects. " 'Superman: The Movie' is still to this day the archetype of the perfect superhero film origin story and we watch it before we make almost any one of our films," said Feige. "That's been the case for the past seventeen years since I left the fold to go work for Marvel," he continued. DC Films co-chair Geoff Johns added that "Superman" was "the greatest superhero film still, ever."
Donner, 87, has retired from filmmaking. Besides directing "Superman: The Movie", the director is also well known for helming the "Lethal Weapon" movie series, "The Goonies" and "The Omen".
"Superman: The Movie" featured Christopher Reeve as Superman/Clark Kent, Margot Kidder as Lois Lane, Gene Hackman as Lex Luthor and Marlon Brando as Jor-El. The film followed Superman's origins, including his infancy as Kal-El in Krypton and his youth in rural town Smallville. The movie was made with a budget of $55 million and nabbed a box office success with $300.2 million.
| 41movie
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http://www.berkeleyprize.org/competition/essay/2007/winning-essays/clarke-essay
|
2023-09-24T17:36:33Z
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|The Nineth Annual Berkeley Undergraduate Prize for Architectual Design Excellence 2007|
Re-presenting Public Housing: creating community in the East-End
Here is the house. It is green and white. It has a red door. It is very pretty. Here is the family. Mother, Father, Dick, and Jane live in the green and white house. They are very happy. -Toni Morrison “The Bluest Eyes”
This benign tableau aptly describes the painful struggle over realizing the so-called American dream of home-ownership. Morrison’s ironic use of language helps us to understand the cultural value attached to a home, and the discrimination that could come with not fulfilling this normative expectation. Harvard’s Joint Center for Housing Studies revealed that in 2004, over 15 million households faced severely burdened financial situations, defined by those diverting half of their income towards housing. The problem with “Home” transcends a game of arithmetic; it buries itself in the very foundations of our communities, our shared culture, and our identity. Allow me to take you through one such community and offer an image of its future.
In Lexington, Kentucky on a sunny day, we cross Elm Tree Lane just past the abandoned Lyric Theater, a former stage for jazz greats like Duke Ellington and Count Basie. We continue slowly down Third Street, the main thoroughfare for the East End neighborhood, past neon signs of liquor stores and the shifting glances of hooded drug dealers, past a group of noble women on their porch and into the “projects.” For 80 years, Bluegrass-Aspendale played the gracious role of Home to thousands of needy and grateful Lexington residents. It opened in 1938 as the first public housing project in America, part of 51 other projects by the Public Works Administration, designed to provide respectable housing and labor relief to the working class. No modernist tower block, it drew from the utopianism of Ebenezer Howard’s garden city, from the optimism of Dutch and English housing movements and from the social agenda of New Deal legislation. Situated on a former racetrack in a traditionally African-American part of town, it anchored the community, one replete with stores, schools, community centers and entertainment. Residents of Bluegrass-Aspendale benefited from the “village experiment;” they opened a communal library, worked together to build a softball field on the central green, started tutoring sessions and maintained victory gardens. After the 1949 Housing Act institutionalized housing policy and renewal, Bluegrass-Aspendale fell victim to a series of unfortunate additions and policy shifts. Discrimination and social unrest during the 1960s took public housing out of the public discourse and created the “second ghetto,” the effects of which linger today.
As we pause on the road and peer over the fence, a group of yellow machines work to tear apart the masonry and wood, and the years of memories. Over 900 residents, mostly single mothers and the elderly, have been asked to disperse to apartment blocks on the edges of town, far removed from community connections. Only yesterday I sat in the kitchen of Ruth Ashley, a former resident of the project now living in her daughter’s suburban home. She told me, “my memories were there, all of me…I miss waving at my friends…” A victim of renewal in the federal government’s extensive effort to vanquish “depressed” public housing through its HOPE VI program, the site will reemerge with neo-colonial town-homes and suburban-style tract housing, priced well above lower income ranges, and lacking significant community input. In rethinking American urbanism, new typologies of collaborative development not only add legitimacy, but social sustainability. Social architecture, beyond the aims of affordable housing or economic development refers specifically to an inclusive process that adds transparency to urban change. Today, the East End needs the power of design to develop a new typology of public housing, one that uses local knowledge and democratic processes. Cooperative housing, realized under the auspices of a great design (both physical and social), will imbue a sustainable method of living in a localized community.
We leave the spectacle of Bluegrass-Aspendale, travel south, past abandoned storefronts, through a cluster of “straight-backed” houses, and enter the design charette for a community art garden. Roughly 20 children, surprisingly focused and excited, sit over a large conference table at a community ventures center. Crayons race to complete a rendering of the ½ acre space, dedicated to a black jockey who grew up nearby. NELI, or Northeast Lexington Initiative, organized the charette with the hope of bringing an unexpected voice into the debate over contested urban land. This effort has emerged from a grassroots movement to rethink the East End neighborhood, to respect its past and push for a better future. As the former housing project clears 65 acres for redevelopment, a neighborhood has the rare opportunity to bring this land into the purview of its community visioning process.
Great housing can unmask the spectacle of urban entropy, particularly those places tortured by discrimination, conflict, and uncertainty. Communities, true communities filled with healthy strife, rough edges and evolving boundaries, exist at the helm of great housing. The cooperative housing movement has garnered recent attention as a financial typology capable of producing affordable housing and self-sufficiency. Residents buy a stake into a cooperative property and in turn lease back a unit from the group. As the property appreciates in value, residents build equity and take responsibility towards its overall maintenance. “Cooperatives do more than provide a place to live. Studies show that cooperative residents report fewer problems with crime and drugs, live in their homes longer, take better care of their homes, have lower operating costs, report a higher quality of life and are more involved in their communities.” (Gray, Cooper, Clare, 2) With the help of Public Architecture and a faith in radical optimism, the former site of Lexington’s first housing experiment can rise again as a site of social responsibility.
The provision of housing fails most often when it relies upon pure arithmetic to determine affordability or appropriateness. This proposal makes a claim that an affordable, medium-density, mixed-used, sustainable housing cooperative best suits the community’s needs. Bachelard, in the tone of his airy French phenomenology, defines the poetic nature of home as “that which shelters daydreaming.” (Bachelard, 8) This development must work to enable every individual to do just that. The architecture, because of careful design and policies of trust, is itself part of the cooperative model, free to adjust its boundaries as new needs emerge.
The realities of overcoming the financial and social burden tied to this complex project present a serious challenge. By creating a foundation, composed of potential stakeholders, residents, activists, officials, and designers the gap between dream and reality can close. The group will navigate the complex world of financing, while preserving the progressive social vision. By working with the Downtown Development Authority, they will establish a land trust to stunt the rising values of urban land. They will work with the Lexington Housing Authority to lease a portion of the land under an agreement of co-support and management. Our municipal government can provide tax relief, zoning easements, and social services. A loan from the Kentucky Housing Corporation or the Federal Housing Authority and private investment can fund significant parts of the project. Just as citizens “cooperate” together to build better lives, the disparate entities of power can work harmoniously to build bridges that might have remained uncrossed.
Let’s imagine the dream as reality and drive again down Race Street. The new milieu gives many of the same impressions as 70 years prior. Children have many friends close by and spend their time playing outside. Families congregate in their communal garden, gossip, and grow produce. Simple, smart design lowers the average energy bills. Shared facilities provide inviting spaces for birthdays and holidays. They rely upon each other for common sustenance, for a cup of flour, for time to talk. Public transportation and job support remain accessible. They utilize common childcare facilities so that job opportunities and schooling become possible. They have problems and conflicts, but because of the nature of the organization and the community, because the housing always evolves, those conflicts are managed.
Sustainability refers not only to an increasingly imperative ecological condition of unstable energy supplies and environmental damage, but also to the social longevity of place. The East End has long been a site of racial tension and social friction; success depends upon how well housing can connect and adapt to changing perceptions. The sustainability of our cities, in all senses, has received new international attention since the Intergovernmental Panel of Climate Change in Paris urged for dramatic revisions of global thinking. Cooperative housing can de-compartmentalize the various faces of sustainability and provide new methods of remediation.
In term of physical properties, the building can learn from successful precedents of green thinking. Drawing from the local university’s research and practice in digital fabrication, the building can hire local fabricators to save considerable amounts of wasted material and support a local economy. It can learn from a green-housing village in Berea, KY, which uses photovoltaic panels, grey water recycling and passive solar heating to reduce energy usage and improve environmental quality, important to an urban site. Just as the original Bluegrass-Aspendale encouraged the maintenance of victory gardens, this project too can rethink urban land as a tenable area of gardens, flowers, vegetables, and food, all while connected to the newly emerging “green-pathways” through downtown Lexington. Its density and location will encourage walking or public transportation, and decrease our reliance on fossil fuels. The cooperative statement will serve as a radical example of how green thinking can actually improve lives, and hopefully spark interest in continuing the trend.
If dwellings can improve the quality of life, beyond economic accessibility, then it must work seamlessly with the holistic image of the neighborhood. Zoning constraints and social norms have limited many developments to “single-family home” typologies. However, recent successes in mixed use bode well for similar ideas in the East End, an urban site where jobs have dried up and businesses lack the shared-resources to succeed. The residents' council would have the resources with which to support, train and facilitate small business ownership. Attached business space would encourage revitalization and local knowledge. Residents could develop entrepreneurial skills while retaining a simultaneous focus on their families and careers.
Roughly 70% of the residents evicted from Bluegrass-Aspendale at its destruction were single-mothers. Current housing subsidies relocate these individuals to remote suburban locations with high financial burdens and limited social connectivity. Cooperative housing allows these individuals to generate appreciable equity, draw upon neighbors for help or simple conversation, and utilize common resources. Common rooms and shared facilities will alleviate the strain of living alone. If deemed important to the community, an on-site daycare facility would ease the difficult task of finding stable work and raising a child. The supervising leadership of the cooperative council alleviates social worries about problem residents.
Great architecture transcends any image; either the freewheeling “hero” architect or the neo-colonial developer. The East End needs great architecture because they need creative perspectives, one that asks questions and makes reasoned judgments. Too often a site of architectural blasé, affordable, process driven cooperative housing will facilitate dialogue between cities and cultures. Residents will build their place over time, have control over their own domesticity, and take back their community. Empowerment happens when process never ends, when the decisions about how we live are within the realm of our control. Great architecture should be the norm and not the exception.
Public Architecture, based in California, identifies and solves practical problems of human interaction in the built environment and acts as a catalyst for public discourse through education, advocacy and design. Their experience in the public realm and their talents as designers would serve well to energize a neighborhood by realizing a tricky piece of social architecture.
The firm’s role would range from organizing the process of design to coordinating the interests of those in power. Traditional practice places the architect as beholden to the client, a scenario that does not fit this project. Instead, Public Architecture will take the responsibility of creative leader, rethinking typologies of urban housing through a transparent and public process. They will encourage community participation, reach out to existing organizations, and communicate with financial or governmental agents. The rough boundary between community idealism and pragmatic construction needs the attention of a courageous leader. My role will draw upon existing research into the history of the former housing project and the neighborhood as a whole. I will negotiate the particularities of Lexington so that certain assumptions of place can either be avoided or emphasized.
Public Architecture’s existing body of work will greatly inform the process of cooperative housing. They recently developed a speculative project called an accessory dwelling unit (ADU), popularly called a granny flat, located in the backyard of existing homes and occupied by older parents or other individuals. They understood a complex social situation (the rise of the baby-boom generation) and translated it into an architectural proposal. The East End has its own particular social composition, one that few designers have been able to grapple; Public Architecture can alleviate this disparity.
If the cooperative housing project will utilize green technologies, mixed-use and urban connectivity, a traditional residential firm would strain to incorporate them all. Public architecture has extended experience in working with them all. Their well-publicized “Scrap House” used waste material to erect a sustainable, model home on the front plaza of the California capitol. Not only did they imagine an ecologically responsible structure, they knew how to literally and figuratively put it into the public conscious and affect state environmental policy. They have developed a community center, a day Labor station and sidewalk plazas and do so with attention to selling their ideas to a skeptical public. The housing project in Lexington is meant to not only to address a local social need, but also to inject vigorous dialogue into the housing movement of the United States.
Many locals firms have the mindset and ideological framework to support this type of sustainable architecture, but few have the resources to complete the project. Public Architecture created the 1% solution that calls for firms to commit that percentage of their time to pro bono design work. With Public Architecture at the helm, local firms will collaborate as executing architects. Construction documents, code research and site presence can be easily accomplished by our local industry.
Public Architecture, both the firm and the dream, can take the benign tableau of Morrison’s words and turn it into a sustainable future. Cooperative housing does not refer to a housing type, but a way of applying process to our built future.
Bachelard, Gaston. The Poetics of Space. Boston: Beacon Press, 1958
Gray, Jim, Jay Marcus and Jolie Marie Carey. “Cooperative Housing.” Journal of Housing and Community Development. Nov/Dec 2005.
Joint Center for Housing Studies at Harvard University. “The State of the Nation’s Housing.” 2006
Kivisto, Peters. “A Historical Review of Changes in Public Housing Policies and Their Impact On Minorities.” in Race, Ethnicity, and Minority Housing. eds: Momeni, Jamshid A. New York: Greenwood Press, 1986.
Public Architecture. http://www.publicarchitecture.com February 2007
Additional Help and InformationAre you in need of assistance? Please email firstname.lastname@example.org.
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Wednesday, April 17, 2013
Black and White Full Moon Abstract Painting Art
Last week I attempted to paint the painting in the video I shared with the black and white moon setting. He used spray paint and various other methods that I have never tried. So, I used acrylics and tried my own version. After I painted the white moon and black mountains, my son said turn it upside down it still looks like mountains. Then he said paint a black moon and black stars on the upside down side. So, I did and you can see the results. This is very unique and different and I love it. I hope you do too. It is available to buy in my Etsy store. You can click the store widget at the top of this blog, to go to my store.
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- "On the planet Tython, in the center of the galaxy, an order of warrior monks strives to maintain peace and to balance the mysterious power known as the Force. But a stranger is coming—one who will destroy both peace and balance, and open the galaxy to exploration and conquest. This is where it all begins!"
- ―Publisher's summary of Dawn of the Jedi: Force Storm 1
Star Wars: Dawn of the Jedi is a comic book series from Dark Horse Comics, written by John Ostrander and pencilled by Jan Duursema, the creative team behind Dark Horse's critically-acclaimed Star Wars: Legacy series. Dawn of the Jedi is set almost 26,000 years before Star Wars: Episode IV A New Hope, and the series focuses on the Je'daii Order, a group of Force-sensitives on the planet Tython who are the predecessors to the Jedi Order. Aside from the beginning of the first issue, Dawn of the Jedi is primarily set in the year 25,793 BBY, in a time before the polarization of the light and dark sides of the Force, and the series is the first to be set "Before the Republic"—a new publishing era that includes all material set before the founding of the Galactic Republic.
A preview Issue 0 was released on February 1, 2012, and it was followed by the series' first issue on February 15. Not a monthly series, Dawn of the Jedi released fifteen issues as part of three five-issue story arcs, Force Storm, The Prisoner of Bogan, and Force War. The series focuses on three young Je'daii Journeyers—Shae Koda, Tasha Ryo, and Sek'nos Rath—as well as Xesh, a Force Hound of the Rakatan Infinite Empire who recently arrived on Tython, and the mad Je'daii Daegen Lok's plans to take over the Je'daii Order. Force War focuses on the Infinite Empire's arrival and attempted conquest of the Tython system. Dawn of the Jedi ended after the third arc, as Marvel Comics acquired the Star Wars comic publishing license from Dark Horse in 2015.
In the year 36,453 BBY, the Talid monks of the Order of Dai Bendu on the planet Ando Prime feel the call of the Tho Yor, a massive pyramidal starship that has been buried in the Andobi Mountains for centuries. The Dai Bendu monks board the Tho Yor as seven other Tho Yor across the galaxy call out to the natives of the planets upon which they rest; the Tho Yor then travel the galaxy and visit other planets, gathering Wookiees, Humans, Twi'leks, Selkath, Cathar, and a number of other Force-sensitive species, before all eight travel to the planet Tython in the Deep Core. There, the eight Tho Yor gather around the ninth and largest Tho Yor, which floats above a pinnacle of stone, and the starships scatter themselves across Tython as the planet is engulfed in a ferocious Force Storm.
The pilgrims come to realize that they have been brought to Tython to study the Force, and they form the Je'daii Order—an order of warriors and scholars whose name is a Dai Bendu word meaning "mystic center." Tython is a planet that reacts violently to imbalance in the Force, so the Je'daii develop a philosophy of balance between the light and dark sides of the Force, which they name after the twin moons of Tython: bright Ashla and dark Bogan. However, the Je'daii eventually come to realize that Tython is unsafe for those who are not sensitive to the Force, and so all those who cannot touch the Force migrate out across the Tython system, settling the ten other planets in the star system. However, resentment of the Je'daii grows over the millennia, and in 25,805 BBY the Twi'lek Despot Queen Hadiya of the planet Shikaakwa begins the Despot War in an attempt to conquer the Tython system. Hadiya is defeated at Tython, but the scars of the Despot War remain fresh for some even twelve years later in 25,793 BBY.
Across the galaxy, the Infinite Empire of the Rakata species conquers the planet Tatooine, which was discovered by the Force Hound Xesh in the service of his master, Predor Tul'kar. Tul'kar's superior, Predor Skal'nas, requests Xesh's services in locating a Force-strong planet in the Deep Core that his own Force Hound, Trill, is unable to locate. As Xesh leads Tul'kar's warship Devourer to the Tython system, three young Je'daii Journeyers—Shae Koda, Sek'nos Rath, and Tasha Ryo—receive a vision of Xesh, a vision that is also shared by the mad Je'daii Daegen Lok, who has been exiled on Bogan for the last seven years ever since he went insane and fell out of balance. The three Journeyers leave their studies and follow the call of their vision into the wilds of Tython, where the stricken Devourer crashes with Xesh as the only survivor.
The hostile Force Hound briefly battles the three Je'daii, a fight that sees Shae Koda gain possession of Xesh's Forcesaber before he flees into the nearby Rift—an enormous ravine that was saturated with the dark side of the Force and home to strange creatures as well as intense seismic activity. Xesh's presence on Tython, with his strength in the dark side, and the death of so many Force-sensitives among the slaves and crew aboard the Devourer triggers an immense Force Storm that begins to sweep across Tython. Koda, Ryo, and Rath pursue Xesh into the Rift, where the wounded Force Hound is fighting through Force-induced hallucinations and nightmarish beasts. Temple Master Quan-Jang of Anil Kesh, one of the nine Je'daii Temples across Tython, investigates the crash site with Je'daii Rangers Hawk Ryo and Rori Fenn, and they pursue the Journeyers into the Rift as Ketu, the Temple Master of Akar Kesh, gathers the other Temple Masters so that the Je'daii Council can counter the Force Storm.
The three Journeyers rescue Xesh from a saarl, an enormous worm creature, but Xesh abandons them to the creature after retrieving his Forcesaber and retreats to watch them fight the saarl. However, Shae Koda's demonstration of the light side of the Force and her determination to protect her friends intrigues the Force Hound, who returns to join Koda in her fight as Rangers Fenn and Ryo arrive to aid them. Xesh succeeds in killing the saarl, but the Force Storm continues to grow in power with the Force Hound at its center. With the aid of the other Temple Masters, Quan-Jang shifts the Force back into balance and ends the storm, though his apparent death in doing so leads an enraged Koda to activate Xesh's Forcesaber—a feat only the Force Hound had been capable of—and to try and kill Xesh in revenge before she comes to her senses. Xesh, Quan-Jang, and the others are healed of their injuries at Mahara Kesh, the Temple of Healing, but despite the Journeyers' protests, the Je'daii Council exiles Xesh to Bogan so that he can find balance.
The Prisoner of BoganEdit
Several weeks later, Xesh is assaulted by Daegen Lok on Bogan as a way of testing Xesh's abilities, and Lok then disables Xesh's manacles and tracker before telling of him the vision that had driven him insane many years earlier: an army of dark warriors carrying blades of fire. When Xesh identifies that weapon as a Forcesaber, Lok convinces him to build more Forcesabers so that he can prove his vision to the Je'daii, and the two use a Pho-V fighter that Lok has hidden to escape Bogan after Xesh restores the ship's power with his Force lightning. Temple Master Tem Madog of Vur Tepe, the Je'daii Forge, tests the Forcesaber, but gives it to Hawk Ryo when the Ranger proves himself capable of wielding the blade. When Xesh's absence from his compound on Bogan is detected, a team of Je'daii—Temple Master Jake Fenn, Rangers Bel Zana, Ryo, and Rori Fenn, and Shae Koda and Sek'nos Rath—are sent to the moon to locate him.
Xesh and Lok arrive at the crystal planet of Krev Coeur in their failing starship, which forces them to parachute to the surface and begin their search for the proper crystals. On Bogan, the Je'daii search for Xesh, and they discover evidence of Lok's starfighter and carvings he drew of his vision. Hawk Ryo admits to the fact that he shared the vision with Lok when the two friends were exploring the Chasm, and the Je'daii realize that Lok is seeking to construct Forcesabers, so half of the Je'daii pursue the two fugitives to Krev Coeur while the others head to the factory world of Nox. At the same time, the Force Hound Trill arrives in the system, having followed Xesh. Ranger Bel Zana attempts to capture Xesh and Lok when she locates them, but Lok manipulates her mind to incapitate her by preying on her fear of fire. Master Fenn and Sek'nos Rath arrive to aid Zana, but their fight goes sideways when Lok, sensing Fenn's fealings for Zana, casts her off of the nearby cliff, and Rath seemingly falls to his death saving her as Xesh and Lok escape.
On Nox, Xesh completes the two Forcesabers and Lok attempts to recruit Hadiya's former generals in his effort to conquer the Je'daii. Shae Koda helps track down Xesh, but he captures her after rescuing her from a dianoga that interrupted their fight. Xesh and Lok then escape with their new prisoner and head to the planet Shikaakwa to try and gather an army there. Rath is saved from death by Trill, who claims to be a ship thief, and Trill helps him head to Shikaakwa to meet up with the other Je'daii. Meanwhile, Tasha Ryo attempts to identify the remains of a Rakata who died in the Devourer crash, but her efforts in the Je'daii Library in Kaleth yield no results until Master Ters Sendon shows her the Kwa Holocron—an ancient holocron left on Tython by the Kwa species that activates in Ryo's presence. The holocron's gatekeeper, A'nang, identifies the mysterious skull as that of a Rakata, and with the help of Master Rajivari, the Je'daii convince A'nang to tell them more about the Rakata. The Kwa explains that long ago, his species traveled the galaxy with their Infinity Gates and taught species about the Force, but the Rakata used the Kwa's knowledge to forge an Infinite Empire based on the dark side.
On Shikaakwa, Lok, Xesh, and a captive Shae Koda meet with Baron Volnos Ryo, Hawk's brother and Tasha's father, who helped Lok infiltrate the Despot Army and kill Hadiya during the Despot War after Hadiya killed Ryo's father. Lok's attempts to enlist Ryo's aid turn sour quickly, and the arrival of the Je'daii turn the encounter into an all-out battle. Sek'nos Rath attacks Xesh and attempts to free Koda, but he fails, and Trill is pleased to see that the memory blocks Predor Skal'nas placed in Xesh's mind are working—the Force Hound does not recognize his former brood mate when the two see each other during the fighting. Hawk Ryo and Lok begin their own fighting, but with the arrival of Xesh, Lok gains the upper hand just as Shae Koda frees herself from her restraints and rushes to Ryo's aid. Koda's pleas for Xesh to choose his own path and not be a slave to Lok reach the Force Hound, who turns on the power-hungry Lok and helps the Je'daii capture him. With the news that the Rakata are likely coming to the Tython system, the Je'daii begin to manufacture Forcesabers despite the weapon's reliance on the dark side, and the Je'daii prepare for war as Xesh is trained as a Je'daii and Lok is imprisoned on Bogan once more. Unbeknownst to the Je'daii, Trill sends a message to her master, who prepares the forces of the Infinite Empire for war.
A year after the Infinite Empire invaded the Tython system, the Rakata have devastated Fury Station and taken Obri and Mawr, and though they were repelled at Tython, the Infinite Empire captured Ska Gora and established their command post, Rakatan Base Prime, there. The Je'daii have joined forces with the Settled Worlds in defense of their star system, and Master Rajivari has been appointed General of the allied forces. With Xesh's aid, the Je'daii have constructed Forcesabers, and though the weapons force them to forsake the Balance, it is only because of the Forcesabers that they have survived thus far. Daegen Lok is also recalled from Bogan and made to serve as the Je'daii's general.
Sub-Predor Ceh'let launches an assault on the planet Shikaakwa, with her Flesh Raider soldiers seeking to assault Ryo Fortress through the surrounding swamps; however, the Je'daii have foreseen their attack and ambush the invaders. Xesh quickly dispatches a horde of Flesh Raiders, and when he is confronted by a another Force Hound, Shae Koda flies to his rescue. Xesh and Daegen Lok then flee from the destructive firepower of Rakatan Annihilators, and Lok orders Hawk Ryo's fighter squadrons to airstrike the Annihilators despite his and Xesh's proximity to the targets. Rajivari then orders the bulk of his forces to engage the enemy; as the Je'daii overrun her forces, Ceh'let is permitted to withdraw her forces back to Ska Gora. In the battle that follows, the Je'daii leave no survivors, and Rath is disgusted by Lok's victory speech and the Order's willingness to forsake the balance. On Ska Gora, Ceh'let openly challenges Skal'nas's authority before the other commanders. Skal'nas then explains to Ceh'let in private his true goal—the acquisition of the Infinity Gate on Tython—before killing her.
Xesh is a Human male Force Hound of the Infinite Empire who is in the service of Predor Tul'kar. Xesh and Trill were broodmates, though Tul'kar set the two against each other years ago and Xesh was forced to sever their friendship to save Trill's life—an action that Trill saw as a betrayal. Xesh leads Tul'kar to Tython, though when the Devourer crashes on Tython, the Force Hound kills his master and uses the ship's escape pod to survive. Believing the three Je'daii to be enemies, Xesh engages them in battle before he flees into the Rift. Xesh is rescued from a saarl in the Rift by the Je'daii and leaves them to die, but he is fascinated by Shae Koda's demonstration of the light side of the Force and joins her in battle to save her friends. Xesh is then struck down by Master Quan-Jang with the Force, bringing the Force Storm to an end, and he is healed at Mahara Kesh where the Je'daii decide to exile him to Bogan.
Several weeks later, Xesh encounters the mad Je'daii Daegen Lok, who recruits Xesh in his quest to construct Forcesabers and take control of the Je'daii. Xesh uses Force lightning to restore power to Lok's downed fighter and the two escape Bogan, traveling to the crystalline planet Krev Coeur in order to acquire crystals for the Forcesabers. When the Je'daii catch up to them, Xesh is forced to fight Sek'nos Rath, and Rath seemingly falls to his death as Xesh and Lok escape to the planet Nox and construct Forcesabers. As Lok and Xesh's alliance continues, Xesh grows more and more uneasy with the mad Je'daii's desire to control him, and the Force Hound's growing feelings for Shae Koda leads him to save her from death and capture her after the two fight on Nox. Xesh's anger comes to a head on Shikaakwa, where Koda convinces him to become more than Lok's slave and he turns on his ally to join the Je'daii. However, Xesh is unaware that he is actually a spy for Skal'nas.
Shae Koda is a Human female Je'daii Journeyer of Dathomiri descent whose mother and father were killed by Queen Hadiya in the last battle of the Despot War. Brave, restless, and reckless, Koda has an incessant curiosity and finds her calling studying alchemy under Master Quan-Jang. While working with the rancor-dragon Butch that she created, Koda receives a vision of Xesh, and she meets up with Sek'nos Rath and Tasha Ryo. Koda is friends with Rath, though she resents Tasha Ryo as she sees her as a spoiled brat. During the fight with Xesh, Koda proves to be the only one capable of igniting Xesh's Forcesaber with her anger, but it is Koda's manifestation of the light side that convinces Xesh to aid them against the saarl. Koda and her friends are dismayed when Xesh is exiled to Bogan, and when she joins the team of Je'daii pursuing Xesh and Lok, Koda harbors intense anger towards Xesh: she saw his escape from Bogan as a betrayal of the trust Koda and the others had placed in Xesh as his friends. Xesh's feelings for Koda leads him to save her from death and take her prisoner, and Koda is able to convince the Force Hound to choose his own path and stop serving Lok on Shikaakwa.
Sek'nos Rath is a male Sith Je'daii Journeyer who is the son of Je'daii diplomats, though he was raised by his maternal grandmother, Temple Master Miarta Sek, and his paternal grandfather Thok Rath. A bold and adventurous Je'daii, Rath is fond of weapons and is a ladies' man, and he desires to achieve the greatness of the Je'daii of myth. Rath receives his vision of Xesh while experimenting with Force lightning, and he joins Shae Koda and Tasha Ryo in battling and then pursuing Xesh when they encounter the Force Hound. After the events in the Rift come to a close, Rath, Koda, and Ryo all protest Xesh's exile to Bogan, and like the others he is unhappy with being seemingly ignored by the Je'daii Council in the weeks afterwards. He jumps at the opportunity to leave Tython and hunt down Xesh when he and Lok escape Bogan, and Rath willingly sacrifices himself to save Ranger Bel Zana from death. Rath is rescued by Trill, however, and the mysterious "ship thief" aids Rath in returning to the other Je'daii and capturing Xesh.
Tasha Ryo is the Twi'lek daughter of the crime baron Volnos Ryo and the Je'daii Temple Master Kora Ryo, and Tasha was raised at Kaleth under her mother's tutelage, leading some Je'daii such as Shae Koda to view her as pampered and spoiled. Empathic and calm, Ryo forgoes a sword in combat and uses only the Force. Tasha is deeply divided by the obligations she feels towards her parents, as she is a Je'daii but her father constantly urges her to come to Shikaakwa and serve him. Tasha receives her vision when she saves her father from the assassin Jaris Kan, and she attempts to communicate with Xesh amid their battle on the edge of the Rift. As the three Je'daii descend into the Rift, Ryo is tormented by visions of her inner turmoil, but her anguish brings Koda to realize that the Rift is affecting them. After the battle in the Rift ends, Ryo helps Xesh unlock some memories of his past, and she is horrified by the pain and loneliness that the Force Hound has experienced. While Rath and Koda are chosen to chase after Xesh, Ryo works with Master Ters Sendon to investigate the source of the crashed ship, and she is able to unlock the Kwa Holocron, which teaches the Je'daii about the Rakata.
A Twi'lek Je'daii Ranger, Hawk Ryo is the brother of Volnos Ryo and Tasha Ryo's uncle; he was Daegen Lok's best friend in the years before Lok's exile, and the two ventured into the Chasm together and shared the vision of the dark army. Ryo denied his vision and left Bogan, continuing to serve as a Ranger, and in 25,793 BBY he was on Furies Gate when he senses a dark presence—the Devourer—enter the system. Ryo, Quan-Jang, and Rori Fenn follow the Journeyers into the Rift, joining Shae Koda and Xesh in battling the saarl, and Fenn and Ryo take Xesh to Bogan. Ryo later proves to be the only one capable of igniting Xesh's Forcesaber, and heads one of the teams that pursues Xesha and Lok when they escape Bogan. Ryo encounters Lok on Nox, but when Lok escapes, Ryo and the others pursue him to Shikaakwa—and atop his brother's fortress, Ryo battles Lok and acknowledges his vision. but he refuses to join Lok in his quest to bring the Je'daii into the dark side. Ryo loses his leg in the fight and receives a prosthetic, and he tells Master Ketu the truth of his vision: he foresaw Xesh leading the Je'daii against the dark army.
Daegen Lok is a Je'daii Master who played a pivotal role in ending the Despot War, as he went undercover as a disgraced Ranger and became one of Hadiya's generals and her lover before he ultimately killed her. However, when Lok was promoted to the rank of Master in 25,800 BBY, he and his best friend Hawk Ryo decided to explore the Chasm of Anil Kesh and ignored the warnings that the Chasm drove all those who entered it mad. Lok experienced a vision of an army of dark warriors wielding blades of fire, and the vision—which he shared with Ryo—drove him mad, driving him to the dark side and resulting in his exile to Bogan. Lok refused to renounce his vision and remains on Bogan for the next seven years, viewing Ryo's denial of their vision as a betrayal and seeking to fulfill what he sees as his destiny to be leader of the Je'daii. Lok recruits Xesh's help in building Forcesabers and gathering an army, and the two journey across the Tython ssystem to do so while pursued by Je'daii, but Lok's continued treatment of the powerful warrior as his slave and his casual manipulation of the minds of others ultimately leads Xesh to betray Lok on Shikaakwa. Defeated, Lok is imprisoned on Bogan once more, though the insane Je'daii remains adamant that the Je'daii will need him to defeat the dark army that is coming.
Trill is a Force Hound of the Rakata and a former brood mate of Xesh. The two were friends as children, banding together to protect one another from other slaves, and Trill and Xesh swore a blood bond to always protect one another. However, when the two became Force Hounds, Xesh defeated Trill in battle, and he refused to kill his former brood mate—instead, he proposed that she be given to Tul'kar's rival and superior, Skal'nas. Believing this to be a betrayal on Xesh's part, Trill grew to hate her former brood mate, and she maintains a fierce rivalry with Xesh. Trill is sent to the Tython system by Skal'nas to locate the Devourer, and she uses her bond with Xesh to follow him to the system. Trill rescues the Je'daii Journeyer Sek'nos Rath from death on Krev Coeur, and proceeds to pose as a simple ship thief while aiding the Je'daii in pursuing Xesh. Trill's true purpose in the Tython system is to confirm that Xesh does not remember Trill thanks to Skal'nas's manipulations, and she sends word to her Predor that the Tython system is ready for the taking in the days after Daegen Lok's capture.
- "In 2006, a creative team already well-entrenched in "Star Wars" lore set their sights on the far future of the Skywalker line, chronicling the adventures of rebellious Jedi Cade Skywalker in "Star Wars: Legacy." Now, writer John Ostrander and artist Jan Duursema will take a step back, all the way to the very earliest days of the Jedi Order."
- ―Comic Book Resources
Randy Stradley, Vice President of Publishing at Dark Horse Comics, began lobbying for a comic story regarding the origins of the Jedi as early as 2003. In that year, a painting was commissioned of two characters—male and female Humans—by artist Rodolfo Migliari. At Celebration V in August 2010, John Ostrander and Jan Duursema, longtime collaborators and the author-artist pair behind Legacy, announced that they were working on a new comic that was different from anything they had written for Star Wars before. Their current series at the time was Star Wars: Legacy—War, a six-issue miniseries that ran from December 2010 to May 2011 and was a follow-up to their popular Star Wars: Legacy series.
Dawn of the Jedi was first announced to the public at the 2011 New York Comic Con on October 13. Ostrander stated that the series is intended to be epic in scope, while personal in storytelling, and he and Duursema are working closely with Expanded Universe continuity while also attempting to make Dawn of the Jedi accessible to casual Star Wars fans. At Comic Con, it was announced that like Legacy, Dawn of the Jedi would feature a large cast of species-diverse characters, but would primarily focus on the Tython system instead of the larger galaxy. A preview issue 0, serving as an official guide for readers much like Star Wars: Legacy 0, was announced with a release date of February 1 at Comic Con, and the first issue's release date was set for February 15. Rodolfo Migliari's original painting for the series was used as the cover for Issue #0.
Dawn of the Jedi comprises three five-issue miniseries. It was not published monthly, in the same vein as Star Wars: Dark Times and Star Wars: Invasion. This is because Ostrander and Duursema worked on the entirety of each arc together instead of one at a time. John Ostrander and Jan Duursema wrote the story for the series, while Ostrander penned the script and Duursema pencilled the artwork. Dan Parsons was the inker, Michael Heisler was the letterer, and Wes Dzioba handled coloring duties. Duursema was the cover artist for the five issues of Force Storm, but David Michael Beck took over as the cover artist starting with the first issue of Prisoner of Bogan. Gonzalo Flores was responsible for the variant cover for issue 1 that was used as the cover for the first trade paperback.
- "This is the great lost culture of the Jedi, a "Star Wars" Atlantis. While many of the tenets have been set down, the beings who study the Force on Tython are not yet the Jedi. At this point, they are the Je'daii, a Dai Bendu term meaning mystic (je) center (daii). This will later be shortened to Jedi. The Je'daii have been brought to Tython, a planet where the Force is very strong, from around the galaxy and they have spent ten millennia studying the Force, attempting to understand it and their place in relationship to it."
- ―John Ostrander
Star Wars: Dawn of the Jedi's authors, John Ostrander and Jan Duursema, intend the series to be rooted in pre-existing Star Wars continuity, while also being accessible to newer readers. The series is set in an era that was largely unexplored—Dawn of the Jedi necessitated the creation of an entirely new publishing era, "Before the Republic"—and builds off what little information existed before hand: namely, the fact that the Jedi Order was established on the planet Tython in the Deep Core, the conflicts known as the Force Wars began in the year 25,793 BBY and the early Jedi left Tython after the Force Wars and migrated to Ossus. Dawn of the Jedi also expands on the Rakata, a species that ruled the galaxy before the Republic and was introduced in the 2003 Star Wars: Knights of the Old Republic video game. Dawn of the Jedi has encountered relatively few contradictions in continuity, but there are elements in the Star Wars: The Old Republic video game, which was released shortly before Dawn of the Jedi, that contradict the series.
The Old Republic gives a loose summary of the Force Wars, claiming that they were a conflict between the followers of Rajivari, one of the four members of the first Jedi Council, and the rest of the Jedi Order. Dawn of the Jedi initially did not reference any of the characters or elements introduced in The Old Republic, but The Prisoner of Bogan saw the appearance of both Rajivari and Ters Sendon, another member of the Jedi Council in the game. However, another contradiction that has not been addressed is the issue of the Mother Machine, which is a Rakatan computer that claims to be responsible for the creation of a number of Force-sensitive species in its efforts to restore the Force-sensitivity of the Rakata species during the Rakatan Civil War. Among those species it claims responsibility for are the Twi'leks and the Zabrak, but Dawn of the Jedi depicts a relatively advanced Twi'lek society on Ryloth as well as numerous Zabrak in 36,453 BBY, thousands of years before the collapse of the Infinite Empire.
When developing the ships, characters, and environments for the series, Jan Duursema was forced to virtually work from scratch, as very little of Before the Republic had been depicted previously. Duursema purposely differentiated the Je'daii from the Jedi in their appearance, exchanging lightsabers for the swords they were known to use at the time and replacing the traditional robes with more individualized armor and clothing. Unlike her work on Star Wars: Legacy, Duursema was unable to build on existing designs for ships and technology, and instead she worked from a "retrofitting" mindset, developing ships and technology that would eventually give rise to the technology of the modern Star Wars era. Duursema and Ostrander also created the worlds of the Tython system from scratch, choosing to focus only on the Tython system instead of using pre-existing locations from across the galaxy.
Dawn of the Jedi has also received a tie-in novel entitled Dawn of the Jedi: Into the Void, which was written by Tim Lebbon and begins just days before the events of Force Storm 2. The novel greatly expanded on the organization and rituals of the Je'daii Order, as well the surface of Tython, and the Force Storm caused by the Devourer's crash appears in the final chapters. A short story entitled Eruption appeared in Star Wars Insider 141, which features Hawk Ryo and acts as a prelude to both Into the Void and the main series.
- "Expanded Universe fans are going to LOVE this series, and will find this introduction issue to be their highlight of comic book reading for the month—no doubts. General Star Wars fans will also find it enjoyable; and other comic fans may find it worth a glance. This may be clearly aimed at Star Wars nerds, but it may just be one of the best comic book series set in the galaxy far, far away ever to have been published."
- ―Geeks of Doom
Dawn of the Jedi 0 and Force Storm 1 sold particularly well in stores, and both issues were sold out across the country by the end of February. This prompted Dark Horse Comics to order a second printing of both issues, followed by a third printing with special variant covers by Jan Duursema. However, some critics believe that the series caters more to serious Star Wars fans and is not particularly well-suited for the average fan of the films. The Force Storm arc sold better than The Prisoner of Bogan, ranging between 18,000-20,000 copies sold worldwide on each issue's release date compared to The Prisoner of Bogan's ranging between 13,000-17,000. Force Storm 4 was the best-selling issue of the series in terms of initial release numbers, with 19,756 copies of the issue sold worldwide on May 16, 2012. Force War was one of Dark Horse's highest-selling comics during the months of its release, though The Prisoner of Bogan was beaten out by other Star Wars comics.
Dawn of the Jedi has received generally positive reviews, and while some have criticized the writing, many praise Duursema's artwork. The series was highlighted in the fan magazine Star Wars Insider's Blaster department, which showcases upcoming Star Wars products, in issues 132 and 138, and the first two arcs of the series were collected in two trade paperbacks: Volume 1—Force Storm and Volume 2—Prisoner of Bogan, which were released on December 12, 2012 and July 24, 2013 respectively.
|Color code key:|
|Story arcs||Collected (TPB) issue||Released issue||Future issue|
- Star Wars: Dawn of the Jedi Volume 1—Force Storm
- Star Wars: Dawn of the Jedi Volume 2—Prisoner of Bogan
- Star Wars: Dawn of the Jedi Volume 3—Force War
- "Blaster"—Star Wars Insider 132
- "Blaster"—Star Wars Insider 138
- "Dark Matters"—Star Wars Insider 140
- "Blaster"—Star Wars Insider 141
- "Blaster"—Star Wars Insider 143
- "Blaster"—Star Wars Insider 146
- "Blaster"—Star Wars Insider 149
Notes and referencesEdit
- NYCC EXCLUSIVE: Ostrander and Duursema Unveil "Star Wars: Dawn of the Jedi". Comic Book Resources. Retrieved on October 14, 2011.
| 34library
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https://beauti.tips/causes-of-bloating-all-the-time/
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2023-09-22T08:25:00Z
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8 Causes of Bloating All the Time, Having a bloated stomach can be pretty unpleasant, and it brings about low self-esteem among many people, especially women. The good thing is that this condition can be treated once you discover its cause. For this article, we look at some of the:
Causes of Bloating and How to Fix Them.
You are eating whenever you can is a major cause of bloating. For instance, if you skip breakfast and then take a heavy lunch, you’ll likely feel bloated. This is because it will come as a shock to your digestive system, in addition to raising the blood sugar levels and insulin levels.
It is advisable to have regular-timed meals so that your body can function correctly and for the digestive system to work better as well.
2.Intestinal yeast overgrowth
This is a common condition primarily caused by excessive use of antibiotics, which results in changes in the digestive flora that allows yeasts to defeat good bacteria. With too much yeast in the body, you’ll feel bloated and gassy. In such a situation, some individuals will crave sugar and carbs, brain fog, fatigue, binge eating disorder, vaginal yeast infections, or fungal skin infections.
To treat this condition, you have to rebalance your intestinal flora and cleanse the yeasts with:
- Supplements against yeast
- No-sugar diet
- Restoring your intestinal flora with probiotics
3. Gluten sensitivity or celiac disease
These conditions are primarily attributed to the regular intake of grain products. Many individuals with gluten sensitivity struggle with the problem of bloating and constipation. Some tests can be done to determine if you are gluten intolerant. Individuals with low vitamin B12 and who are not vegan can also suffer from gluten intolerance.
If you suspect and test positive for gluten intolerance, you need to take plenty of gluten-free foods, like, millet.
4. Insulin resistance
Because of glucose (sugar) in the blood, Insulin (hormone) is secreted from the pancreas. After consuming a meal, the insulin levels increase. In a healthy person, when Insulin is produced, it activates the body’s cells to use the sugar and fats from the bloodstream. Insulin resistance appears as a result of damaged cells that do not react to the insulin signal. This triggers the body to produce more and more Insulin, and in this way, toxic levels of glucose are created in the blood, known as high blood sugar levels.
Common symptoms of insulin resistance are a strong desire for carbohydrates and sweets, increased appetite, rapid weight gain (in 2-3 years), and feeling tired and bloated after meals.
If you have experienced any of these symptoms, especially if you have a family history of diabetes, you may suffer from insulin resistance. Insulin resistance can be confirmed with the help of blood tests. The positive side is that with diet changes and exercise, this condition can be controlled. Do not consume too much sugar and carbohydrate foods; eat more vegetables, fibres, proteins and healthy fats; exercising regularly is highly recommended.
5. Poor food combining
Bloating and indigestion can be caused by an inappropriate combination of different foods, slowing the digestive process.
Besides avoiding combining carbohydrates and proteins, you should also consume your fruits alone. For instance, never eat a fruit salad or melon immediately after eating fish.
6. Intolerance of Particular Foods
Unlike an allergy, food intolerance is a postponed reaction to a food. It causes stress and inflammation, which irritates the intestinal tract, leading to bloating. Intolerance can be caused by foods like eggs, wheat, dairy, corn, and sometimes nuts.
Some tests should be done to determine whether you are intolerant to certain foods. This condition predominantly affects individuals with a history of asthma, eczema, and allergies.
7. Lack of digestive enzymes
When your body is not producing adequate digestive enzymes, bloating, indigestion, pain, and erratic bowel movements can occur. Lack of sufficient enzymes can be caused by:
- Overgrowth of bacteria
- Food intolerance
- Chronic stress
- Low stomach
As a temporary measure, you can include digestive enzymes in your meals. You should also avoid dairy products if you have lactose intolerance. However, you must find out the root cause of the problem and solve it accordingly to allow the body to generate sufficient enzymes on its own.
8. Small intestinal bacterial overgrowth or parasites
In addition to digestive tract imbalance, many people have parasites and pathogenic bacteria in their digestive tract. The digestive tract imbalance is generally accompanied by fatigue, diarrhoea, and weight loss.
With an appropriate digestive stool analysis, you can determine your intestines and take up suitable treatment.
In conclusion, bloating can be caused by several factors, but it is easily treatable. With the suggestions in this article, you’ll go a long way into improving your digestive health.
| 7biology
| 1
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https://www.panamaspecialisten.com/single-looking-for-a-sioux-falls-relationship.html
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2020-02-28T19:27:42Z
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Single looking for a Sioux Falls relationship I Am Searching Dick
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| 56relationship
| 1
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https://academic.copernicus.ltd/article?article_id=1158206
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2022-08-13T00:27:19Z
|
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Analytical solution and numerical study on water hammer in a pipeline closed with an elastically attached valve
Review articleOpen access
2018/03/17 Full-length article DOI: 10.1016/j.jsv.2017.12.011
Journal: Journal of Sound and Vibration
Highlights•Transient flow in a pipe closed with a viscoelastically attached valve is examined.•Analytical solution to the wave equation for assumed boundary conditions was found.•Numerical study on water hammer runs for various valve attachment parameters is done.•Influence of stiffness and damping of the spring on water hammer runs is determined.•The design was found possible to be effective for mitigation of water hammer hazards.
Request full text
| 29hydraulic_engineering
| 1
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https://kbifrm.psmfc.org/file/application-of-the-stream-salmonid-simulator-s3-to-klamath-river-fall-chinook-salmon-oncorhynchus-tshawytscha-california-parameterization-and-calibration/
|
2022-07-05T13:23:11Z
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In this report, we describe application of the Stream Salmonid Simulator (S3) to Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) in the Klamath River between Keno Dam in southern Oregon and the ocean in northern California. S3 is a deterministic life-stage-structured population model that tracks daily growth, movement, and survival of juvenile salmon. It can track different source populations or species, such as major tributary populations that enter a river like the Klamath River. A key theme of the model is that river flow affects habitat availability and capacity, which in turn drives density-dependent population dynamics. To explicitly link population dynamics to habitat quality and quantity, the river environment is constructed as a one-dimensional series of linked habitat units, each of which has an associated daily time series of discharge, water temperature, and useable habitat area or carrying capacity. In turn, the physical characteristics of each habitat unit and the number of fish occupying each unit affect survival and growth within each habitat unit and movement of fish among habitat units.
The physical template of the Klamath River was formed by classifying the river into 2,635 mesohabitat units composed of runs, riffles, and pools. This template enabled modeling of the unimpounded Klamath River between the Keno Dam (the uppermost of four dams) and Iron Gate Dam (the lowermost dam) to address dam-removal scenarios. However, in this report, our focus was on parameterizing and calibrating the model under existing conditions, which included 1,706 discrete habitat units over the 312-kilometer (km) section of river between Iron Gate Dam and the ocean.Keyword Tags:
| 7biology
| 1
|
https://3sixtyislam.com/2024/02/19/why-hajj-fare-will-remain-high-ex-nahcon-boss-hassan/
|
2024-04-16T20:27:12Z
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The immediate past chairman of the National Hajj Commission (NAHCON), Alhaji Zikrullah Kunle Hassan, has said that Hajj fare will remain high and unaffordable as long as the value of the naira continues to depreciate.
Speaking to reporters on Sunday in Lagos during a reception hosted in his honor by the Companion, an organization of Muslim men in business and professions, the former chairman of NAHCON confirmed this.
Speaking at the event, which was attended by a number of dignitaries including Prof. Daud Noibi, Dr. Muiz Banire, Alhaji Kunle Sanni, Dr. Kalil Olukoya, and former governor of Osun State, Ogbeni Rauf Aregbesola; President of Muslim Ummah of South-West Nigeria (MUSWEN); and others, the former NAHCON head expressed his concern primarily about taming the high cost of Hajj, but he also noted that the current state of affairs would persist as long as there is a rise in the dollar to naira exchange rate.
On the challenges he faced as Chairman of the Hajj Commission, while in office, Alhaji Hassan, said Hajj was not a tea party “because it’s a movement of logistics and human beings.”
He said his concern and even that of the new management too remained the rising cost of Hajj but expressed confidence in the current management led by Alhaji Jalal Ahmad Arabi in “doing their very best to ensure that within the constraints, they are able to handle the situation successfully.”
“Hajj itself is not a tea party because it’s a movement of logistics and human beings. More importantly, the concern of myself and even I am sure the new management too is the rising cost of Hajj. And as long as we have problems with the Forex, the challenge of Hajj being affordable would remain.
“But still I trust the current management led by Alhaji Jalal Ahmad Arabi, I think they are doing their very best to ensure that within the constraints, they are able to handle the situation successfully,” he said.
Hassan, however, called on Nigerians to be patient over the current hardship, saying that they should remain resolute as a people.
The former NAHCON boss, while making the call, said the current economic situation was just like the COVID-19 problem “that we thought the world was going to collapse and yet we overcame it,” adding: “I don’t think there is anything that the human will not be able to overcome.
“I think we should just be resolute as a people, it’s just like COVID, it was just so much of a problem that we thought the world was going to collapse and yet we overcame it. I don’t think there is anything that the human will not be able to overcome.
“I want us to be very resolute and ask the government to do more and ask the people also to pray more, and I am sure that eventually we would overcome it,” he said.
Chairman of the occasion and President of Muslim Ummah of South-West Nigeria (MUSWEN), Alhaji Oladejo, recalled how former President Muhammadu Buhari summoned the MUSWEN leadership to the Villa to inform them about zoning the NAHCON Chairman’s slot to South-West, leading to Alhaji Hassan being nominated for the seat.
Oladejo said the former NAHCON boss served creditably well and did not disappoint the MUSWEN leadership that nominated him.
“He came to the job during the COVID-19 era and that is enough handicap. He surmounted the challenges and successfully organised two Hajj exercises,” he said.
Others who spoke at the reception included Ogbeni Aregbesola, who was also a former Minister of Interior; an elder statesman and foremost Islamic Studies’ Prof. Noibi, among others, hailed Hassan for leaving NAHCON a better place than he met it.
The Chairman of the Companion, Engr. Kamil Olalekan, said the Ummah was proud of the many achievements of the former NAHCON Chairman, saying Hassan performed creditably well and deserved commendation.
“NAHCON under his leadership will be remembered for partnering with NITDA to incorporate the use of ICT and digitalisation to bring efficiency to Hajj management. He took Hajj management to an enviable level,” he said.
| 53politics
| 1
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http://mypaper.sg/business/wilmar-gain-dips-difficult-q1-20140509
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2016-10-28T20:30:59Z
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Wilmar gain dips in 'difficult' Q1
NET profit for Wilmar International fell 48.7 per cent to US$161.8 million (S$202 million), in what the group described as a "difficult" first quarter. This translated into 2.5 US cents per share, down from 4.9 cents a year ago.
Revenue for the three months ended March 31 was 0.7 per cent higher at US$10.3 billion.
The largest palm oil processor in the world had been hit by lower palm refining margins and negative crush margins in China.
The lower refining margins will continue to be alleviated by improved plantation earnings, as well as continually strong contributions from high-margin palm and lauric products, it said.
In China, such conditions will not be sustainable in the long term, and eventual consolidation will benefit the group, it added.
"In the meantime, we are encouraged by continual growth in our consumer-product sales volume, especially in rice and flour, and in emerging markets like Vietnam and Indonesia," said Wilmar.
THE BUSINESS TIMES
| 43news
| 1
|
https://microscopes.unitronusa.com/unitron-microscopes/digital-inspection.html
|
2024-02-29T05:16:34Z
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-10/segments/1707947474784.33/warc/CC-MAIN-20240229035411-20240229065411-00845.warc.gz
| 0.853767
| 297
|
CC-MAIN-2024-10
|
webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-10__0__35987750
|
en
|
- LX Microscopes By UNITRON
- UNITRON Microscopes
- Ash Technologies
- Support & Manuals
- News & Events
UNITRON offers a variety of digital solutions for inspection, documentation, quality analysis or any application benefiting from optical and digital zoom magnification, an HD display and mouse control for excellence in ergonomics, and on-board software so no PC is required. Of course traditional stereo microscopes with camera (trinocular) ports have the benefit of binocular vision (e.g. true 3D observation through the eyepieces) while accepting the attachment of a digital camera. When configured with our Excelis HD and Excelis HDS digital cameras, trinocular stereo microscopes can also deliver the same benefits as pure digital solutions.
The ZoomHD is our latest offering for digital inspection. It delivers crisp, live HD images to either an integrated monitor or a user-supplied HD monitor, it boasts a wide 7:1 optical zoom range, and it has an integrated LED ring light. For simple observation and inspection, all you need to do is choose the stand.
Digital microscope solutions from Ash Technologies provide advanced inspection and quality control features. With an outstanding user interface for ease of operation, these digital solutions are ideal in production and quality environments where workflow and throughput are desired. Learn more by visiting https://microscopes.unitronusa.com/ash-technologies-products.html
| 17electronic_science
| 1
|
https://yarlosai.lk/news/2807/view
|
2021-08-05T11:52:51Z
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-31/segments/1627046155529.97/warc/CC-MAIN-20210805095314-20210805125314-00091.warc.gz
| 0.908627
| 395
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CC-MAIN-2021-31
|
webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2021-31__0__167534609
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en
|
Showers in north & east likely to enhance over next few days
The Department of Meteorology says the northeast monsoon conditions are gradually getting established over the island.
The showery condition over Northern and Eastern parts of the island is expected to enhance over the next few days.
Showers or thundershowers will occur at times in Northern, Eastern, North-Central and Uva provinces and in Matale and Hambantota districts.
Fairly heavy falls above 75mm can be expected at some places.
Showers or thundershowers will occur at several places elsewhere after 2.00 p.m. Heavy falls about 100 mm can be expected at some places in Sabaragamuwa province and in Kalutara, Galle and Matara districts.
Misty conditions can be expected at Western, Sabaragamuwa, Central and Uva provinces and in Galle, Matara districts during the morning.
Showers or thundershowers will occur at times in the sea area extending from Chilaw to Hambantota via Mannar, Kankesanturai, Trincomalee and Pottuvil.
Heavy showers can be expected at some places in the above sea areas.
Showers or thundershowers are expected in a few places in the other sea areas around the island in the evening or night.
Winds will be north-easterly in direction over the sea areas around the island and speed will be (20-30) kmph.
Wind speed can increase up to (45-50) kmph at times over the deep sea areas extending from Colombo to Trincomalee via Puttalam Mannar and Kankesanturai.
The sea areas extending from Colombo to Trincomalee via Puttalam, Mannar and Kankesanturai will be fairly rough at times. Other sea area around the island will be slight
| 4atmospheric_science
| 1
|
https://systems.jhu.edu/people/openings/
|
2021-10-26T21:44:45Z
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-43/segments/1634323587926.9/warc/CC-MAIN-20211026200738-20211026230738-00558.warc.gz
| 0.897822
| 364
|
CC-MAIN-2021-43
|
webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2021-43__0__172765201
|
en
|
PhD Positions: System Engineering
Calling all students interested in pursuing doctoral work in systems engineering!
The Department of Civil and Systems Engineering (CaSE) has recently launched a PhD Program in Systems Engineering. The Center for Systems Science and Engineering (CSSE), housed in CaSE, has already had major impact with the COVID tracking dashboard used around the world. We are seeking highly motivated applicants (either Master’s or exceptional undergraduate students) interested in pursuing doctoral research on grand societal challenges using systems thinking and methods.
Our faculty’s cutting-edge research addresses a range of domains including healthcare, public health, transportation, space, and energy. We are also closely tied to other major centers at Johns Hopkins including the Malone Center for Engineering in Healthcare, the Institute for Assured Autonomy, the Applied Physics Laboratory, and the Bloomberg School of Public Health. Our multidisciplinary program allows the students to explore topics from different fields including applied math, computer science, operations research, operations management, environmental sciences, and data sciences.
Prospective students should review our website, consult the academic requirements and the application process. Contact either Professors Lauren Gardner ([email protected]), Kimia Ghobadi ([email protected]), Gregory Falco ([email protected]), or Tak Igusa ([email protected]) for more information.
The Whiting School of Engineering at Johns Hopkins University seeks applicants for a full-time teaching position (Lecturer) in the area of systems engineering to be part of the teaching faculty in the department of Civil and Systems Engineering (CaSE). This position will serve a key role in the department’s new program in Systems Engineering and the growing Center for Systems Science and Engineering (CSSE). More experienced candidates may be considered for a Senior Lecturer position. (Read More)
| 11civil_engineering
| 1
|
https://www.airbnb.com.hk/analiontas-cyprus/stays
|
2020-08-13T14:20:47Z
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2020-34/segments/1596439739046.14/warc/CC-MAIN-20200813132415-20200813162415-00244.warc.gz
| 0.721122
| 320
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CC-MAIN-2020-34
|
webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2020-34__0__18528970
|
en
|
Looking for a beach-only holiday? This is not the property for you. Just a stay in the mountains? Look elsewhere. Exploring the city? Nope. If you're looking for a bit of everything or here on business, you've found not just a place but an experience. Why confine yourself to one thing when you can stay in a central place that boasts great design and excellent, personalised service? After exploring by day, return to where you'll feel at home. Daily, gourmet breakfast and supper is also available.
Our guesthouse is built in the traditional style, with all modern comforts, on the other side of the courtyard to our traditional village house, with its own private entrance from an adjacent road. It is cosy, bright and quiet with a window facing the southern Machairas mountains and also a small balcony and windows facing north. The courtyard which is sheltered by an olive tree and a loquat tree, as well as a vine, is also available to guests.
Are you a writer ? Are you stressed from work ? Do you want to escape from the city ? Gourri is your answer, 40 mins driving distance from Nicosia. You will experience peaceful mornings and beautiful nights. It’s a traditional guest house in the heart of Gourri. It’s near the church of Saint George and local restaurants. Gourri Mountains is the highlight, this is the view you will enjoy when you wake up in the morning from your room, from kitchen’s window when you cook and our balcony.
| 64travel
| 1
|
https://wildworkoutsandwellness.com/testimonials/page/2/
|
2022-05-22T17:44:56Z
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-21/segments/1652662545875.39/warc/CC-MAIN-20220522160113-20220522190113-00018.warc.gz
| 0.970158
| 157
|
CC-MAIN-2022-21
|
webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2022-21__0__219519014
|
en
|
I joined Wild with a goal of getting fit. What I didn’t expect were incredible changes to my physical and mental health and confidence in my fitness abilities. With the coaching and support at Wild, I ran my first half marathon and then my first marathon. And now the coaches are helping me adapt to exercising through my first pregnancy. Joining Wild is one of the best investments I’ve made for myself.
Wild has exceeded our expectations as a fitness facility. The coaching staff encourages you to be your best. Modifying when dealing with injuries, making everyone feel welcome, no matter what age you are, or your abilities, being a beginner or seasoned athlete. There are a wide variety of specialty classes to go along with bootcamps and one on one classes.
| 58sports
| 1
|
http://glexpressions.blogspot.com/2008/11/its-beginning-to-look-lot-like.html
|
2018-10-16T09:31:30Z
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2018-43/segments/1539583510749.37/warc/CC-MAIN-20181016093012-20181016114512-00368.warc.gz
| 0.942626
| 450
|
CC-MAIN-2018-43
|
webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2018-43__0__172458389
|
en
|
I had an open house in Modesto last night and I was able to show off my newest Christmas decoration with a UL expression. Check out the picture:
I sprayed frost on a glass block, applied a beautiful UL Christmas expression, and then put lights inside before wrapping it up with a pretty ribbon and glittered leaves. It looks great! It also make a great night light, so I've been thinking this would be a great idea for a child or baby. I could put the child's name over their initial or some other fun embellishment, puts some lights in it and viola! A beautiful, personalized nightlight! You can check this item out at my multi-vendor open houses the next two weekends.
The first on is tonight (Friday, Nov. 14 from 5:00 to 8:00 PM) and tomorrow (Sat. November 15 from 10:00 to 2:00 PM). The address is 1138 Kay Circle in Turlock. You can use your GPS or Google Maps to find it. I'd love to see you there and the other vendors will be Home Interiors, Avon, Tupperware, and Scentsy.
The next mulit-vendor open house is on Sat. November 22 from 10:00 - 3:00 PM. The location is 2581 Jubilee Drive in Turlock (again use your GPS or Google Maps) and the other vendors, so far, are: Gold Canyon Candle, At Home America, Isogenix, Mary Kay, Cookie Lee, My Little Lovie, and Pampered Chef. This open house is having a drawing for a gift basket valued at over $100.00 with items from each vendor. It should be fun.
Of course, you can now order directly through my website if that option works best for you. The shipping costs are slightly more, but it is delivered right to your door. You can also email me at anytime with an order and I'll get that taken care of for you.
Thanks to you all for being such great customers! I have absolutely loved getting to know so many great people through this silly little whim of mine called Uppercase Living!
Sunday Sum Up
5 years ago
| 28hobby
| 1
|
https://www.ima-usa.com/products/original-u-s-browning-1918a2-bar-spare-parts-browning-automatic-rifle
|
2024-02-28T18:59:20Z
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-10/segments/1707947474744.31/warc/CC-MAIN-20240228175828-20240228205828-00809.warc.gz
| 0.943964
| 638
|
CC-MAIN-2024-10
|
webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-10__0__143900365
|
en
|
Original U.S. Browning 1918A2 BAR Spare Parts - Browning Automatic Rifle
Original Item: Only One Set Available. Just purchased from a private collection, this is an Original G.I. Browning Automatic Rifle M1918A2 spare parts. Parts include:
Original 1940s production bakelite butt stock. Rare!
Original walnut fore stock.
Original walnut carry handle.
Three sections of an original de-milled flame cut receiver- rear, barrel bushing (trunion) and lower rear.
Various internal components, spring, screws, pins, etc... (see photos)
A nice little support set for owners of functional, semi-auto or display M1918A2 Browning Automatic Rifles.
History of the BAR- The Browning Automatic Rifle (BAR) was a family of United States automatic rifles and light machine guns used by the United States and numerous other countries during the 20th century. The primary variant of the BAR series was the M1918, chambered for the .30-06 Springfield rifle cartridge and designed by John Browning in 1917 for the U.S. Expeditionary Corps in Europe as a replacement for the French-made Chauchat and M1909 Benet-Mercie machine guns.
Final development of the M1918A2 was authorized on 30 June 1938, The FN-designed pistol grip and rate-reducer mechanism with two rates of automatic fire was shelved in favor of a rate-reducer mechanism designed by Springfield Armory, and housed in the buttstock. The Springfield Armory rate reducer also provided two selectable rates of fully automatic fire only, activated by engaging the selector toggle. Additionally, a skid-footed bipod was fitted to the muzzle end of the barrel, magazine guides were added to the front of the trigger guard, the handguard was shortened, a heat shield was added to help the cooling process, a small separate stock rest (monopod) was included for attachment to the butt, and the weapon's role was changed to that of a squad light machine gun. The BAR's rear sight scales were also modified to accommodate the newly standardized M2 Ball ammunition with its lighter, flat-base bullet. The M1918A2 walnut buttstock is approximately one inch longer than the M1918 BAR buttstock. The M1918A2 barrel was also fitted with a new flash suppressor, and fully adjustable iron sights. Late in the war, a barrel-mounted carrying handle was added.
- This product is not available for international shipping.
- This item is completely legal within the USA. International Military Antiques, Inc observes all Federal, State and Local laws. Everything for sale on ima-usa.com is completely legal to own, trade, transport and sell within the United States of America. Every display machinegun and machine gun parts set and gun sold by IMA, Inc is engineered to be inoperable according to guidelines provided by the US Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives (BATF).
- Not eligible for payment with Paypal or Amazon
| 66weapons_science
| 1
|
https://bpazes.com/d/fashion-art-2294
|
2023-05-29T21:30:11Z
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-23/segments/1685224644913.39/warc/CC-MAIN-20230529205037-20230529235037-00060.warc.gz
| 0.929638
| 136
|
CC-MAIN-2023-23
|
webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-23__0__75738144
|
en
|
We are located at Maitidevi to Dillibazar way, Opposit to Global Ime Bank. We serve the best quality menswear clothing with many Nepalis brands. We have cotton paints. We have 18 degree brand both in cotton and jeans. we serve the best quality of poison jeans, eagle outfitter. We have also blazer, t-shirt, wallet, belts.
maitidevi to dillibazar way, opposite to global IME bank
Closed[Show Full Schedule]
| 61textile_science
| 1
|
https://funposse.com/how-cork-transforms-industries-more-than-just-stoppers/
|
2024-02-24T03:25:12Z
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-10/segments/1707947474482.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20240224012912-20240224042912-00587.warc.gz
| 0.940428
| 395
|
CC-MAIN-2024-10
|
webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-10__0__36929736
|
en
|
Cork is not just any ordinary material; it’s a part of history. This fascinating material has found its way into various industries and households for centuries. Derived from the bark of the cork oak tree, mainly found in the Mediterranean regions, the journey of cork from being simple tree bark to an indispensable material is nothing short of incredible.
One may easily associate cork with wine stoppers, but its applications go beyond. With a growing demand for sustainable materials, cork has emerged as an eco-friendly choice in multiple sectors. Here are some areas where cork shines:
One of the many reasons why industries are gravitating towards cork is its ecological benefits. Since harvesting cork doesn’t involve cutting down the tree but merely stripping the bark, it ensures that the cork oak forests remain preserved. Furthermore:
Surprisingly, cork has even touched the cosmos! Due to its lightweight, insulative, and non-conductive properties, it has been used as a thermal shield in spacecraft. So the next time you look at the stars, remember a part of Earth’s wonder might be out there!
There’s so much one can do with this versatile material. For DIY enthusiasts, corkboards, coasters, and wall tiles are just the tip of the iceberg. Many crafters and artists use cork as a canvas, carving intricate designs and creating beautiful art pieces. Plus, with online platforms, getting your hands on quality cork products has never been easier.
Cork is no longer the unsung hero of the material world. Its multi-industry applications and environmental benefits are putting it in the spotlight. Whether you’re choosing cork flooring for your home or purchasing a cork handbag, know that you’re making a choice that’s both stylish and sustainable.
Main photo: Luca Volpe/unsplash.com
| 36materials_science
| 1
|
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