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In processing metal coils, both ferrous and non-ferrous, slitting lines are used to reduce the width of an incoming coil by cutting it into a series of narrow coils. At the entry end of the line a coil is mounted on a mandrel and unwound. The unwound material is referred to as “strip”. The leading edge of the strip is passed through a slitting machine that slices the strip longitudinally into multiple widths (these portions are often referred to as “mults”) that are then rewound on a recoiling mandrel. The mults are then discharged and dealt with as individual narrow coils. The number of mults can vary from as little as two to as many as thirty or more.
Referring now to FIG. 1, a typical slitting machine A is shown which includes a pair of parallel arbors 10, 11 that are tooled with rotary knives 12. The knives are typically hardened steel discs, having a bore that corresponds to the arbor diameter. The knives are mounted by sliding them onto the arbor face and then spacers 13 are slid onto the arbor between adjacent knives. On a given arbor, the distance between adjacent knives establishes the width of the mult that will be produced in that zone. There is a longitudinal key (not shown) that engages the knives and also a slot in the arbor. The key serves as a way of transmitting the power (i.e., torque) from the arbor to the knives.
The upper and lower arbors 10, 11 are tooled with the same spacing between adjacent knives but the arrangement is such that the upper knives versus the lower knives are offset to each other by essentially the width of a knife. As seen in FIG. 1, all the knives 12 can be the same diameter and width. The spacers 13 between the knives can have additional “rubbers” or rubber sleeves 14 slid over the outer diameter of the spacers. The rubber sleeves 14 serve as strippers that keep the mults from wrapping themselves around the flanks of the knives. The rubber sleeves are essentially the same diameter as the outer diameter (OD) of the knives themselves. Scrap chute C is shown below the slitter knives where trim falls into the scrap chute.
In a parallel fashion, one of the arbors 10, 11 is adjustable relative to the other arbor such that the vertical gap between the knives can be adjusted. Typically to make a cut, the vertical gap between the upper and lower arbors has to be adjusted just right. If the gap is too wide, the strip S will not be cut. If the gap is too small, it may result in poor cut quality (i.e., bad edges). When the strip is “cut” the cut zone includes a zone of penetration and a zone of fracture through the thickness of the strip. The amount of penetration (i.e., knife gap) required to cause the fracture, depends on strip material properties.
When the strip is cut into mults, the leading edge of the strip can cause issues with threading the leading edge through the rest of the line downstream of the slitter.
For example, the individual mult leading edges want to curl up and down, each adjacent mult curls in the opposite direction of its neighbor, thus requiring special handling during the threading of the line.
To avoid this situation, it has become common practice for operators to vary the gap between the slitting arbors. When the leading edge of the strip presents itself to the slitting machine, the gap between the upper and lower knives is adjusted too wide to effect the cut. After the leading edge is through the slitter, one of the slitter arbors is adjusted to close the gap between the upper and lower knives to a point where the material is “cut”. This technique leaves the leading edge of the strip with a length that is uncut and essentially one whole width of material thus making it much easier to thread the line. Once the line is threaded and the leading edge is close to the recoiler, the leading edge “uncut” zone is sheared off. This entire operator practice is often referred to as “plunge” slitting.
Plunge slitting is an improvement in threading the line, but it is an imperfect solution. The purpose of the present disclosure is to further improve the threading of slitting lines. In the process of slitting, in addition to the mults, the slitter also trims the outside edges (two edges) of the parent coil. This edge trimming accomplishes two things: 1) it establishes an exact width for the outermost two mults (one on each edge of the coil); and 2) it trims away bad edges from each edge of the parent coil (examples of bad edges or edges which could have cracks or could have material handling damage from prior handling of the parent coil).
Each edge trim includes a relatively narrow ribbon of scrap material. The scrap is removed from the line just downstream of the slitter. The two ribbons of scrap can be chopped into discrete scrap pieces (such was discussed in U.S. Pat. No. 7,901,271 related to scrap choppers which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety) or the scrap could be wound onto scrap winders.
When operators use plunge slitting, the leading edge of the strip remains uncut and includes the “scrap” edges. This requires the operator to stop the line and enter the line to physically and manually cut the scrap away from the uncut zone thus allowing the scrap to be redirected to the scrap chopper chutes or to scrap winders. This practice reduces productivity and introduces an unsafe condition for the operator.
Typically a slitting line would not have notchers. Normal use of notchers are on “coil to coil” lines where the tail of an exiting coil is welded or stitched to the head of an incoming coil. The notches are cut in the weld or stitch zone so that the weld or stitch could be tracked as it goes through the process line (such as a continuous pickle line for example). Tracking the weld or stitch zone allows pinch rolls and like equipment to partially open to pass the weld or stitch zone and close back. Notchers are also used to cut test samples out of the strip such as on a coil to coil line.
However, existing slitting lines do not use notches to reduce the width of its leading end of the strip which enables the trimmed scrap edges to not foul as the scrap chutes near the exit of the slitter.
Plunge slitting without the use of notches would result in the leading edge of the strip crashing against the scrap chutes.
Thus, there is a need for a method of improving the threading of slitting lines including the addition of notches which overcomes the above mentioned deficiencies while providing better overall results. | 2023-09-26T01:26:19.665474 | https://example.com/article/9203 |
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abstract: 'Results of large-scale numerical simulations are reported on the Anderson localization in a two-dimensional square lattice tight-binding model with random flux. Localization lengths, fluctuations of the conductance, and the density of states are computed for quasi-one-dimensional geometry. Numerical results indicate that the model exhibits the same critical behavior as the one studied by Gade and Wegner. It is argued that all the states except a zero-energy state are localized and the density of states has a singularity in the center of the band. The energy scale below which the density of states increases is found to be extremely small ($\lesssim10^{-2}$).'
address: |
Yukawa Institute for Theoretical Physics, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan\
and Department of Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305
author:
- Akira Furusaki
title: Anderson localization due to random magnetic field in two dimensions
---
[2]{}
It is general wisdom that noninteracting electrons are localized in two-dimensional (2D) disordered systems[@Abrahams]. There are, however, some well-known exceptions to this rule. These include electrons having strong spin-orbit coupling[@HLN] and integer quantum Hall systems[@Huckestein]. Recent studies have shown that 2D Dirac fermions with random gauge field offer another exception to the rule[@Ludwig; @Mudry]. For a model of 2D nonrelativistic fermions subjected to random magnetic field with zero mean, the existence of delocalized states has been a subject of debate.
The random flux model, in which static magnetic field is randomly distributed with zero mean, got much attention recently in connection with the gauge field theory of high-$T_c$ superconductivity [@Nagaosa] and the composite-fermion theory of the half-filled Landau level [@HLR]. It has been controversial, however, whether this model has a delocalized state [@LeeFisher]. On the one hand, several numerical and analytical studies concluded that all the states are localized and belong to the unitary class of the scaling theory[@Sugiyama; @DKKLee; @Aronov; @YBKim; @Yakubo; @Batsch]. On the other hand, a different conclusion that there are delocalized states near the center of the band was reached by other people[@Avishai; @Kalmeyer; @Zhang; @Liu; @Sheng; @Miller; @KunYang; @Xie]. One source of the discrepancy in numerical works is the extremely large localization length near the band center, making it difficult to decide whether or not states are localized from numerical data of finite-size systems.
In this paper I present various numerical results obtained through the largest numerical simulations performed so far for the square lattice tight-binding model subjected to random flux with zero mean. The results indicate that a state at the band center ($E=0$) is not localized. This is reminiscent of the integer quantum Hall system. There is, however, a crucial difference: the density of states (DOS) is found to be divergent at $E=0$ in the random flux case. This behavior is similar to the 1D and 2D random hopping models [@Cohen; @Eilmes], and a crucial role is played by a special particle-hole symmetry relating a state of energy $E$ with a state of energy $-E$. The random flux model is argued to be in the same universality class as a model studied by Gade and Wegner [@Gade]. Although this was already anticipated in [@Ludwig; @Miller], this Letter reports for the first time that the random flux model shares a hallmark of the Gade-Wegner model, i.e., the divergence of the DOS at $E=0$.
The Hamiltonian of the tight-binding model is $$H=
-\sum_j\sum^M_{k=1}
\left(c^\dagger_{j+1,k}c_{j,k}
+e^{i\theta_{j,k}}c^\dagger_{j,k+1}c_{j,k}
+{\rm H.c.}\right),
\label{H}$$ where $c_{j,k}$ is annihilation operator of a fermion on site $(j,k)$. The random magnetic flux is introduced through the random Peierls phase $\theta_{j,k}$ in the hopping matrix element. The magnetic flux $\phi_{j,k}=\theta_{j,k}-\theta_{j-1,k}$ takes a random number in $-\pi p\le\phi_{j,k}\le\pi p$ with a uniform distribution. The parameter $p$ is set to be 1, except in Fig. \[fig:varg\]. Numerical calculations are done for samples that have quasi-1D geometry of width $M$ in the $y$ direction and of length $L$ in the $x$ direction ($M\ll L$). Periodic boundary condition is imposed in the $y$ direction ($c_{j,M+1}=c_{j,1}$), whereas open boundary conditions are assumed in the $x$ direction for most of the calculation. For even $M$ the lattice can be divided into A and B sublattices. For each eigenfunction $\psi_E$ with energy $E$, changing sign of $\psi_E$ on every site of, say, the A sublattice yields a new eigenfunction $\psi_{-E}$ with energy $-E$[@Miller; @Ohtsuki]. This symmetry relating the $\pm E$ states holds for each disorder configuration. For odd $M$, however, the particle-hole symmetry is absent under the periodic boundary condition.
The localization length is calculated from the exponential decay of the retarded Green’s function obtained by using the standard recursive algorithm [@MacKinnon]: $\langle\ln\|G^r_E(1,k;L,k')\|\rangle\sim-L/\lambda_M$, where $\|G\|$ and $\langle\ \rangle$ denote norm of $G$ and ensemble average, respectively. Figure \[fig:loclength\] shows the quasi-1D localization length $\lambda_M$ normalized by $M$ as functions of $M$ and $E$. The typical length of quasi-1D samples used in the calculation is $3\times10^5$, $4\times10^5$, and $8\times10^5$ for $M=32$, 64, and 128, respectively. Furthermore, ensemble average is taken, typically, over 70 ($20$) samples for $M\le64$ ($M=128$) to reduce the statistical error. The quality of the numerical data is therefore greatly improved from the earlier numerical results [@Sugiyama; @Yakubo; @Kalmeyer; @Liu; @Miller]. Clearly the states near the band edges ($|E|>3.0$) are localized \[Fig. \[fig:loclength\](a)\]. Figure \[fig:loclength\](b) shows $\lambda_M/M$ decreases as $M$ increases, suggesting that the states with $|E|\ge0.1$ are all localized in the 2D limit.
The localization lengths of the quasi-1D wires are expected to satisfy the one-parameter scaling $\lambda_M/M=f(\xi/M)$, where $\xi$ is the localization length in 2D. The scaling indeed holds as shown in Fig. \[fig:scaling\][@note]. The scaling curve quantitatively agrees with the earlier results of Refs. [@Sugiyama] and [@DKKLee]. The agreement with the latter work is somewhat surprising in that a network model is used in [@DKKLee] which is an effective model in the semiclassical limit. The 2D localization length $\xi$ grows exponentially and reaches $10^6$ lattice spacings at $E=-2.55$; see inset.
Figure \[fig:onsite\] shows $\lambda_M/M$ versus $M$ at $E=0$ [@note2]. There is a striking even-odd effect in the $E=0$ data, as noticed earlier in Refs. [@Sugiyama2; @Miller]. A new finding here is that $\lambda_M/M\bigr|_{E=0}$ stays almost constant for odd $M$ while it gradually increases for even $M$, suggesting that $\lambda_M/M\to{\rm const}(>0)$ as $M\to\infty$. This would mean that $\psi_{E=0}$ is a critical or multifractal wave function, as suggested by Miller and Wang[@Miller]. By contrast, at $|E|=0.1$, there is little even-odd oscillations \[Fig. \[fig:loclength\](b)\], and $\lambda_M/M$ is a decreasing function of $M$. The importance of the particle-hole symmetry can be also seen by examining the effects of on-site disorder, which breaks the symmetry. The on-site disorder is introduced by adding a term $\sum_{j,k}\epsilon_{j,k}c^\dagger_{j,k}c_{j,k}$ to $H$, where $\epsilon_{j,k}$ are taken to be randomly distributed in the interval $[-w/2,w/2]$. Figure \[fig:onsite\] clearly shows that in the presence of the on-site disorder $\lambda_M$’s of even and odd $M$’s merge together and decrease for $M>M_c$. The crossover width is $M_c \approx 64$ (300) for $w=0.4$ (0.05) and would diverge as $w\to0$. These results strongly suggest that the wave function is critical in the 2D limit only when $E=w=0$, and that small $|E|$ or $w$ is sufficient to change it to a localized one.
The states away from the band center belong to the unitary class. This can be verified by calculating fluctuations of two-terminal conductance as a function of $L$. For this purpose, perfect leads are attached to both ends of quasi-1D wires, and the transmission matrix $t$ is calculated from the Green’s function $G^r_E$. The dimensionless conductance $g$ is then obtained from the Landauer formula, $g={\rm Tr}(tt^\dagger)$. Figure \[fig:varg\] shows ${\rm var}\,g=\langle g^2\rangle-\langle g\rangle^2$ for $M=32$, averaged over $2\times10^4$ samples. For $|E|=0.1$, ${\rm var}\,g$ is calculated for $p=1$ and $0.2$ without the on-site disorder. Almost identical ${\rm var}\,g$ versus $L/\lambda_M$ curves are obtained for $|E|=1.0$ and 0.02 as well. A thin line in Fig. \[fig:varg\] shows ${\rm var}\,g$ of the unitary ensemble calculated in the limit $M\ll L$ by Mirlin [*et al.*]{}[@Mirlin] using the supersymmetric $\sigma$ model approach. Notice that, except for the peaks at $L<0.5\lambda_M$, the numerical results of $|E|=0.1$ are indistinguishable from the thin line (unitary ensemble). The discrepancy occurs only for $L\lesssim M$, where the samples are no longer quasi one-dimensional. The numerical curve of $p=0.2$ is closer to the analytic result because $M/\lambda_M|_{p=0.2}\ll M/\lambda_M|_{p=1}$. These results clearly show that for $|E|\ge0.1$ and $p\ge0.2$ the wave functions belong to the unitary class.
The variance of $g$ has a different $L/\lambda_M$-dependence at $E=0$ for even $M$; see inset of Fig. \[fig:varg\]. Without the onsite-disorder, for each $L/\lambda_M$, ${\rm var}\,g$ of $E=0$ is larger than ${\rm var}\,g$ of $E\ne0$ [@Ohtsuki2]. This clearly shows that, when $w=0$, the zero-energy state does not belong to the unitary class. The on-site disorder, however, drives $\psi_{E=0}$ back to the unitary class, as shown by the long-dashed line ($p=1$ & $w=0.2$) in the inset. These observations are consistent with Fig. \[fig:onsite\].
It seems quite natural to assume that the states belonging to the unitary class in the quasi-1D geometry remain to be in the same class as $M\to\infty$. This would mean that all the states away from the band center are localized. A state at $E=0$, if it exists, should not be localized in 2D. It follows both from the recent result [@note2] that the state at $E=0$ is delocalized for odd $M$ under open boundary conditions in the $y$ direction and from the numerical data in Fig. \[fig:onsite\]. The delocalization of the zero-energy state is inferred by requiring that the 2D limit ($M\to\infty$) should be independent of the boundary conditions [@note3] and of the parity of $M$. The delocalization at the band center is a consequence of the particle-hole symmetry as in the random hopping model [@Cohen] and will be ruined by the onsite-disorder.
As pointed out in [@Ludwig; @Miller], the random-flux model has the same symmetry property as the Gade-Wegner model, and it is natural to expect that the two models share the same critical behavior. In the Gade-Wegner model the localization length diverges towards the band center, where the DOS $\rho(E)$ is also divergent as $\rho(E)\sim\exp(-c\sqrt{\ln|1/E|})/|E|$ ($c$: constant)[@Gade]. The characteristic energy scale below which the singularity of the DOS manifests itself is then $E_c=\exp(-c^2)$, which can be extremely small depending on $c$. This may explain why no singularity was found in $\rho(E)$ before [@Sugiyama; @Miller; @Ohtsuki; @Verges]. To find the presumably weak singularity, I computed the DOS with high accuracy using the recursive method [@MacKinnon2]. In this calculation a small imaginary number was added to the energy ($E\to E+i\gamma$), instead of attaching perfect wires. This amounts to averaging $\rho(E)$ over the energy interval of order $\gamma$. Figure \[fig:dos\] shows the DOS of a system of $L=128000$ and $M=64$ with $\gamma=10^{-2}$. The overall shape of the DOS is similar to the one obtained by the retraced-path approximation [@Gavazzi]. Notice, however, the tiny peak centered at $E=0$. Its height grows with smaller $\gamma$ and larger $M$ (inset), which is a clear signature of the divergent DOS. To determine the precise form of the singularity requires further investigation. It is important to note here that $\gamma$ is kept large enough to smear out the microscopic structure in $\rho(E)$ near $E=0$. Because of the level repulsion and of the particle-hole symmetry, $\rho(E)$ vanishes at $E=0$ for even $M$ [@Slevin]. It is expected that, in the limit $M\to\infty$, the dip in the DOS at $E=0$ disappears and $\rho(E)$ diverges at $E=0^+$, in analogy with the 1D random-hopping model with even number of sites[@Cohen]. The moderate smearing due to $\gamma$ helps revealing the diverging behavior.
The discovery of the divergent DOS at $E=0$ establishes the connection between the lattice random flux model and the Gade-Wegner model. The critical behavior of the latter model is closely related to the model of Dirac fermions with random gauge field[@Ludwig; @Mudry], which has the same particle-hole symmetry. This supports the conclusion based on the symmetry argument that a state at the band center is the only delocalized state for any $p$ ($0<p\le1$) in the absence of the on-site disorder. In models without the particle-hole symmetry, all the states should be localized, in agreement with [@DKKLee; @Aronov; @YBKim; @Batsch].
I have greatly benefited from discussions with A. G. Abanov, P. W. Brouwer, R. Gade, D. K. K. Lee, P. A. Lee, C. Mudry, N. Nagaosa, C. Nayak, N. Taniguchi, and X.-G. Wen. I am grateful to the condensed-matter theory group at Stanford for hospitality, where this work was completed, and to D. K. K. Lee for helpful comments on the manuscript. This work was supported by a Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (No. 09740278) and by a grant for overseas research, both from the Ministry of Education, Science and Culture of Japan. The numerical computations were carried out at the YITP Computing Facility and at the Supercomputer Center of ISSP, University of Tokyo.
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| 2023-08-29T01:26:19.665474 | https://example.com/article/6751 |
Q:
Convergence in $L^p$ and convergence almost everywhere
Why $f_n$ converges to $f$ in $L^p$ space implies that exists subsequence of $f_n$ converging to $f$ almost everywhere?
A:
The typical proof of this uses $$L^p \text{ convergence } \,\, \implies \text{ convergence in measure } \,\, \implies \text{ subseq. converges pointwise a.e.}$$
For the latter, if $f_n \to f$ in measure, then for each $k \in \mathbb N$ we can find $n_k \in \mathbb N$ so that $$\mu \left( \left\{ \lvert f_{n} - f \rvert > \frac{1}{k} \right\} \right) \le \frac{1}{2^k}$$ for all $n \ge n_k$. In particular, putting $$F_k = \left\{ \lvert f_{n_k} - f \rvert > \frac{1}{k} \right\} \text{ and } E_\ell = \bigcup^\infty_{k = \ell+1} F_k$$ we have $$\mu(F_k) < \frac{1}{2^k} \,\,\, \text{ and so } \,\,\, \mu(E_\ell) < \sum^\infty_{k=\ell+1} \frac{1}{2^k} = \frac{1}{2^\ell}. $$ Hence, put $$N = \bigcap_{\ell = 1}^\infty E_\ell.$$ Then continuity from above tells us that $\mu(N) = 0$ and for $x \not \in N$, we have $f_{n_k}(x) \to f(x)$.
| 2023-12-08T01:26:19.665474 | https://example.com/article/9485 |
From ea1059b725463c877375d6d7a9e333f654ad2059 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: =?UTF-8?q?Jan-Simon=20M=C3=B6ller?= <dl9pf@gmx.de>
Date: Wed, 14 Nov 2012 11:37:57 +0100
Subject: [PATCH] Kbuild: LLVMLinux: Add no-integrated-as to
arch/x86/boot/Makefile for compilation with clang
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit
The clang integrated assembler (IA) doesn't support .code16, as a result we
turn it off and use gas instead.
Signed-off-by: Jan-Simon Möller <dl9pf@gmx.de>
Cc: PaX Team <pageexec@freemail.hu>
---
arch/x86/boot/Makefile | 9 +++++++++
1 file changed, 9 insertions(+)
diff --git a/arch/x86/boot/Makefile b/arch/x86/boot/Makefile
index 878df7e..a06a213 100644
--- a/arch/x86/boot/Makefile
+++ b/arch/x86/boot/Makefile
@@ -55,6 +55,15 @@ KBUILD_CFLAGS := $(USERINCLUDE) $(REALMODE_CFLAGS) -D_SETUP
KBUILD_AFLAGS := $(KBUILD_CFLAGS) -D__ASSEMBLY__
GCOV_PROFILE := n
+
+# For clang we need to rely on no-integrated-as for .code16 . We use gas.
+ifeq ($(COMPILER),clang)
+KBUILD_CFLAGS += -Wno-unused-value -Wno-unused-parameter -mno-sse \
+ $(call cc-option,-no-integrated-as,)
+KBUILD_AFLAGS := $(KBUILD_CFLAGS) -D__ASSEMBLY__
+endif
+
+
$(obj)/bzImage: asflags-y := $(SVGA_MODE)
quiet_cmd_image = BUILD $@
--
1.8.3.2
| 2024-01-11T01:26:19.665474 | https://example.com/article/5283 |
Channel 4 today said it will furlough 10 per cent of staff and implement pay cuts for executives as part of a plan to save £245m during the coronavirus crisis.
The broadcaster warned the TV ad market was expected to plummet 50 per cent in April and May as brands pull their campaigns during the economic downturn.
Read more: Channel 4 taps Grayson Perry as it launches new creative plan
As a result, the firm said it would today open discussions about furloughing roughly 10 per cent of its workforce.
All board members have taken a 20 per cent pay cut, while this year’s bonus scheme for executive directors has been suspended.
Channel 4 said it expected to reduce its content budget by £150m this year after social distancing measures made it impossible to film and produce TV shows and movies.
The firm said it had also made some “extremely difficult decisions” to delay or cancel some content across Channel 4, E4 and More 4 over the year.
Channel 4 said a further £95m in cost savings would be made across the organisation following a full review of planned projects and investments, including a reduction in marketing budgets.
The public service broadcaster, which is funded by advertising, said it had drawn down on its £75m debt facility to provide additional liquidity and working capital during the crisis.
“As a commercially funded business the Covid-19 outbreak has had a severe impact on our advertising revenues and so we are taking action now to manage our costs appropriately and ensure that we both protect our staff and our ongoing ability to serve our audience,” said chief executive Alex Mahon.
“We know that these are exceptionally challenging times for everyone in the UK, particularly many of the producers, talent and freelancers we work with across the television and creative industries and we are committed to safeguarding our long-term ability to invest in distinctive and challenging content and create jobs and opportunities in the sector across the UK.”
While viewing figures have surged during the pandemic as more people tune in for news and entertainment programming, broadcasters have struggled to convert this into revenue.
Channel 4 director of programming Ian Katz said the company had suffered a “double whammy of lost production and dramatically reduced revenues”.
In a note published earlier this week Enders Analysis warned Channel 4 had “very little headroom in a crisis”, adding it would only be able to fund its current activities for less than a year.
The analysts also urged the government to support the media firm by relaxing its public service broadcasting obligations.
“A lowering of the bar for proportions of original, nations/regions or other expensive types of content should only be a temporary measure given Channel 4’s important role within the sector,” they wrote. “However, if that is what it will take to ensure the broadcaster’s viability then it is necessary.”
Read more: TV sector faces ‘bleak future’ without government intervention
Channel 4 said it would continue to commission shows for 2020 and 2021, but said this would happen at a slower pace over the coming months.
The broadcaster added that it will ringfence £3m of development funding this year to support the independent production sector, half of which will be prioritised for small, regional and BAME-led producers.
Main image credit: Getty | 2023-12-03T01:26:19.665474 | https://example.com/article/1703 |
Mobile communications have become widespread in metropolitan areas around the world, and also outside metropolitan areas in many countries. In industrialized countries there is access to mobile communications along all major roads and motorways. The rapid growth of mobile communications and the competition among service providers has meant that communication networks often operate at capacity. There are a number of mobile communication systems that have achieved success in the marketplace, including analog cellular, digital cellular, time divisioned and code divisioned systems, as are well known in the art. It is quite typical in metropolitan regions that several competing network operators will be providing access to their respective subscribers. However, in response to communication services sometimes not being available because the subscriber's service provider is at capacity in the region where the subscriber is presently located, some manufacturers have begun designing and manufacturing multi-mode mobile communication devices. These multi-mode mobile communication devices are capable of interfacing with more than one mobile communication network, often using more than one air interface. An air interface describes the frequency, modulation, encoding, encryption, control protocols, traffic protocols, and so on. Therefore a multi-mode communication device will allow a user to switch to a different mobile communication service provider's network if the user's preferred system is unavailable due to capacity or other reasons.
However, while implementing multiple receiver paths in the mobile communication device has a only a relatively small effect on the cost to manufacture a mobile communication device, adding an additional transmit path capable of transmitting at the necessary power needed for mobile communication is much more expensive. Therefore it is desirable to have only a single transmitter in a multi-mode mobile communication device. This leads to problems when the mobile communication device is engaged with more than one communication system and the mobile communication device would ordinarily be required to transmit simultaneously to both systems at some time. Therefore a transmit event arbitration scheme is necessary to avoid having to implement multiple transmitters in a multi-mode mobile communication device. However, while it would be possible to perform such arbitration under software control, experience has shown that to do so, with complex protocols, can itself require complex and extensive coding. It would be more preferable to perform arbitration by relying on hardware more than software. | 2024-03-07T01:26:19.665474 | https://example.com/article/1443 |
On September 6, the official YouTube Twitter account tweeted out about a new prestigious award to honor channels that have surpassed the 100 million subscriber count. The Red Diamond Creator Award is named after one of the rarest colors of diamonds and is a handcrafted and polished single piece of red molten glass.
It also announced the first two channels to be honored with this award, T-Series and PewDiePie. T-Series, a music label out of India, and PewDiePie, a Swedish gaming YouTube personality, have been battling it out for the highest subscriber count recently.
The 100M subscriber record has been surpassed, and that means we have the new creator award! Introducing: The Red Diamond Creator Award, named after one of the rarest colors of diamond. 💎❤️ @TSeries and @Pewdiepie, check the mail! 😏 pic.twitter.com/ZONYFEiVkk — YouTube (@YouTube) September 6, 2019
The feud has worked out in favor of both channels though, sending their subscriber counts skyrocketing and culminating in the creation of a new award for YouTube creators. YouTube began the YouTube Creator Rewards program as a way to show its appreciation to its top creators and give them recognition.
Previously, the highest honor a YouTube Creator could earn was the Custom Play Button by reaching 50 million subscribers, which T-Series and PewDiePie are both owners of as well.
Other physical awards include the Diamond Play Button awarded to channels with 10 million subscribers, the Gold Play Button for channels that surpass 1 million, and the Silver Play Button for channels that reach 100,000 subscribers.
YouTube Originals released after September 24 will be free for everyone | 2023-10-29T01:26:19.665474 | https://example.com/article/6061 |
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</html> | 2024-04-23T01:26:19.665474 | https://example.com/article/8791 |
Monthly Archives: May 2013
This highly informative talk about the dangers of non-ionizing electromagnetic radiation is from Prof. Magda Havas of Trent University. She summarizes the research done this area, about how cancer and illness is caused by this type of radiation emitted from cell phones, cell towers, baby monitors, wi-fi and smart meters.
Electrohypersensitivity is a central sensitivity disorder (see graphic) like fibromyalgia and chronic fatigue syndrome. Pain signals are amplified in the central nervous system, and smaller and smaller amounts of the noxious stimulus are needed to created pain and discomfort. It’s like an amplifier, where the volume knob is turned up to 11. Fukushima radiation is potentiating this syndrome, as well as symptoms from all other toxic exposures that people are now increasingly receiving.
This is a reprint of Akio Matsumura’s open letter to the Secretary General of the United Nations. It can be found here at his website. Mr. Matsumura is:
– Former Special Advisor to the United Nations Development Program
– Founder and Secretary General of the Global Forum of Spiritual and Parliamentary Leaders for Human Survival
– Secretary General of the 1992 Parliamentary Earth Summit Conference in Rio de Janeiro
– Organizer, World Assembly on Reconciliation hosted by Prime Minister Rabin and Chairman Arafat, at Jericho
– First Secretary-General, International Green Cross
– Secretary-General, Global Forum Conference hosted by President Gorbachev at the Kremlin
Dear Secretary General Ban Ki-moon:
You no doubt observed the Fukushima disaster on March 11, 2011, with terror and worry: what would another nuclear disaster mean for state relations, especially in your home region of East Asia? Fortunately, it seemed, the effects were largely kept to Japan’s islands and were less than many experts anticipated. Within weeks the stories dissipated if not disappeared from the major media outlets, only to be resurrected with personal interest stories of a hero or an especially tragic case of a lost loved one.
But the crisis is not over. Today, Martin Fackler reported in the New York Times that radioactively polluted water is leaking out of the plants and that the site is in a new state of emergency. Mitsuhei Murata, Japan’s former ambassador to Switzerland, wrote a letter last year that brought international attention to the thousands of radioactive spent fuel rods at the site and the danger their vulnerability presents; he has testified to this several times before Japan’s parliament. International experts, independent and of the International Atomic Energy Agency, have commented that the Tokyo Electric Power Company’s plans for the removal of the rods from the site and their storage in a safer, if still temporary, location are optimistic if not unrealistic.
The news media has done an adequate if meager job of reporting the many issues the fuel rods present. The radioactive fuel must be continuously cooled in order to stay safe; the improvised electric system that maintains this cooling has failed several times, once for more than 24 hours, both on its own and because of hungry rats. The mechanism that stands between safety and a fire at the Fukushima Daiichi plant is, to say the least, precarious. (And, as has been clear to many since the beginning, TEPCO hope to shirk its responsibility: first, in its safety and maintenance of the site; second, in paying its costs to Japan.)
One can only speculate to the extent of the consequences of a spent fuel fire, but, unarguably, once a fire ignites (from lack of cooling water or from an earthquake-caused spill), even the best case scenario would be an unprecedented global disaster. Possible consequences are the evacuation of Tokyo’s 35 million people, permanent disuse of Japan’s land, and poisoned food crops in the United States. These are not fantastic projections, but reasonable, if not conservative, expectations.
Yet, unimaginably but all too familiarly, the situation is still relegated to the back pages of our papers, and thus to the back of our leaders’ minds. This reminds me of our international approach to solving climate change, which I have partaken in for decades, first in the United Nations and then as the Secretary General of the Parliamentary Earth Summit in Rio de Janeiro: we have a latent but very serious issue that we can likely fix but lack the resolve and political will to do so. As you well know, a successful climate change agreement has eluded us.
In comparison with climate change, however, the radioactive fuel rod issue at Fukushima is both easier to solve and more urgent. Any Japanese can tell you another serious earthquake will hit Japan well inside the next decade. That is to say, this situation must be resolved quickly.
Still, even if possible to solve, the issue needs constant attention and competent and well funded actors. So who might take charge? The International Atomic Energy Agency said last week that it will take TEPCO 40 years to secure the radioactive fuel rods in more appropriate storage containers. TEPCO is already refusing to pay Japan billions of Yen in cleanup costs, and does not have the technology or wherewithal to perform the task competently and expediently. Yet, so far the Japanese government has only looked to TEPCO.
The next obvious choice outside Japan is the United States, for their technological superiority, money, and leadership. Early after the accident, the U.S. Department of Defense offered assistance to Japan, but the Japanese denied their help. It remains to be seen whether that door has permanently closed. This would not be a benevolent action: the U.S. sits in harm’s way in the case of a fuel pool fire; residents of California, Oregon, and Washington have already received much radiation. U.S.-led action, except perhaps by Oregon Senator Ron Wyden, is unlikely: U.S. senators and representatives continues to demonstrate their impotence at home or abroad.
I have long been advocating for an international team of independent experts to investigate the situation. The United Nations is one appropriate body to assemble and deliver such a team. The IAEA, however, should not take on the responsibility.
The IAEA’s mission is to promote the peaceful use of nuclear energy. Concerns of proliferation are not applicable here, and the disaster itself has certainly called into question (again) what the peaceful use of nuclear energy means and whether it should be promoted. While the agency has recently urged safety improvements at Fukushima, the official line of thinking is still, incorrectly and impossibly, to use TEPCO to carry out the process.
We are not only waiting for a bigger disaster. One is already unfolding before us. The health consequences of the released radiation are large: despite what major news outlets are reporting, we will see a significant jump in thyroid and other cancers in Japan in four to five years. Congenital malformations will likely begin to appear. The premature reporting of some UN agencies and the press at large has been irresponsible: do we have no notion of what “precaution” means? These latent effects will cripple much of Japan’s young population within the decade.
Our myopia, in Japan and internationally, is tragic. One bright spot was the UN Special Rapporteur Anand Grover’s fact-finding mission in Japan last year; I hope you back his findings and circulate them widely.
We have already waited too long, as we did for climate change, to take international action on Fukushima. But now it is clear that we cannot allow Japan to take care of an issue that could affect all of us.
Secretary General Ban Ki-moon, I urge you to use your unique position as the head of the United Nations to galvanize political will and organize an independent assessment team of international scientists and engineers to solve the Fukushima radioactive spent fuel rod issue before we are forced to reckon with the fallout of another disaster. Japan and the world should not have to suffer more because we choose to wait.
I have a host of autoimmune diseases, including psoriatic arthritis. I am ordinarly hypersensitive to medications. About a month after Fukushima Daiichi blew up, everything went through the roof.
A pituitary adenoma suddenly developed. The pituitary gland, or hypophysis, is an endocrine gland that is at the base of the brain.
It is the size of a pea. It eventually blew up to the size of a softball.
It threatened my vision… but worse, it increased the hypersensitivity to extreme levels, which is the last thing you want in a radiation crisis. The inflammation, joint pain, and skin symptoms were overwhelming.
This tumor secretes prolactin and thyroid-stimulating hormone. Prolactin makes dopamine go away, and is highly pro-inflammatory. It also causes hypogonadism and bone loss. I was also getting hyperthyroid symptoms, like a goiter.
Things have gotten better. And it is not because the radiation went away, I think that is worse than ever.
So I just wanted to share some of the things I have tried, to alleviate the autoimmune and radiation symptoms.
Air filter – IQAir Health Pro Plus. Expensive but worth it. It has really made a big difference.
Reverse osmosis water filter – I stopped drinking from it in Nov. 2011… but still rinse dishes with it, and use it in washing.
Charlie’s soap & borax – My clothes were accumulating radionuclides… not sure if it was from the water, detergent, or both. Charlie’s soap contains washing soda. Borax removes fluoride… I have to avoid fluoride like the plague, because I was poisoned with uranium. Mix them together, you get uranium tetrafluoride, a highly corrosive substance. The last thing I need is my bones dissolving like acid. Plus it turns uranium into a neutron emitter like plutonium. Charlie’s and borax is working well.
Sunlight exposure – I have gotten 6 days of sunshine from laying out this year so far. Raises dopamine levels. I have psoriatic arthritis, so I need the UV-B light.
UV-B light device – I got this for my psoriasis. It works… not perfect. 72 people are documented to have died from psoriasis. I could have been one of them. That’s how bad it got.
Nelson’s calendula – Good for what it is. My skin symptoms need something with more kick, though. Not contaminated.
Zinc oxide baby powder – Helps with fungus a little.
Desert Essence tea tree castile body wash – I like it.
Tuck’s medicated pads – Contaminated, as far as I can tell.
Fish oil – Ultrapurified omega-3 fish oil, from fish caught off Peru. This was definitely positive. But it was too expensive, and I switched to Norwegian cod liver oil. I like the Vitamin A. Not contaminated, as far as I can tell.
Gingko biloba – I have only tried a little of this. Pre-Fuku stock. Should be very positive, but not determined yet.
Curcumin – Everything says this should be ideal. Did nothing for me. Not contaminated.
Peony root – See curcumin.
Walmart pomegranate – Contaminated.
Pomegranate seed oil – From Europe… I use it both topically and put it in drinks. Helps with both joint pain & skin symptoms. Not contaminated.
Spanish solera brandy – Aged for years in oak barrels. Oak contains ellagitannins like pomegranate does. I wish I could find uncontaminated oak bark. Nothing in the world soaks up radiation like it, plus it has the wonderful anti-inflammatory and anti-tumor properties.
Lutein & bilberry – For my eyes. Seems to works some, though my vision is getting worse. Not contaminated.
Cat’s claw – Una de Gato, from Amazon region. Just started this, undetermined yet. Not contaminated.
Sea buckthorn – Very interesting berry, should be useful for both radiation and autoimmune. I didn’t take enough to tell if it helps. Not contaminated.
Horny goat weed – Got this for bone resorption… the prolactin from the tumor is causing osteoporosis. From Europe (supposedly). Contaminated… Fuku or Chernobyl, I don’t know.
Tongkat Ali – Also for bone resorption. From Laos or somewhere near there. I just ordered it.
Jatoba – Antifungal from the Amazon. Haven’t tried it yet.
Turbina corymbosa – These seeds saved me from going blind. They contain ergot alkaloids… they are hallucinogenic, and are used by shamans in Mexico to induce trance states. However, the dose I took was never more than 5% of the hallucinogenic dose. Called “Seed of the Virgin.” Contains ergometrine, which causes muscle cramping, so this is unsuitable to use long-term. It shrank the tumor enough to where I could see… not more.
Hydergine – Co-dergocrine mesylates, ergoloid mesylates, dihydroergotoxine. Nonhallucinogenic, active principle of seeds above. Dopamine agonist used to shrink the pituitary tumor. Also has anti-aging properties, is a strong antioxidant, and is a nootropic. Worked better than I expected. I haven’t gotten metal mouth from food since I started taking it. Moved me from stage 2 radiation sickness to stage 1 (see Fukushima AIDS, part 2: Chronic radiation sickness).
Vitamin D-2 – Not D-3. I like this better. For my kidneys and bones. Less toxic than D-3, also D-2 is produced from UV radiation of ergot alkaloids (see above).
Cannabis – Thousands of studies indicate that cannabis and cannabinoids should be in the front line in the war against Fuku’s destruction of our health. THE US GOVERNMENT SAYS THAT IF YOU SMOKE MARIJUANA, YOU ARE A BAD PERSON, AND SHOULD BE LOCKED IN A CAGE WITH MURDERERS AND RAPISTS. THE US GOVERNMENT ALSO THINKS THAT PLUTONIUM IS GOOD FOR YOU.
The third graph refers to resuspension of cesium by month. This refers to cesium deposited on to leaves and trees entering the atmosphere by fire, wind, etc. As you can see, this happens at low levels in November and December.
And this entry for November 1, Breaking News: fission restarted at reactor 2. Xenon was detected (as also happened recently), which confirmed fission was occurring. Of course, Tepco denied it and said it had something to do with curium (which is no picnic either).
In November 2011, the IAEA stated that iodine-131 was detected over Europe (blamed on a Hungarian lab), and in February 2012 they announced it was detected again over northern Sweden (also blamed on Hungarian lab very far away).
So it all adds up to a criticality, the effects being isotopes circling the globe for several months. This time period, especially November thru January was subjectively bad for me, much worse than March-April 2011. | 2024-07-29T01:26:19.665474 | https://example.com/article/2658 |
The benefits of music in hospital waiting rooms.
This study investigated the impact of music on visitors in a hospital surgery/intensive care unit waiting room. The researchers controlled the presence/absence of music in the waiting area. Visitors' stress levels and perceptions of customer service were assessed through a questionnaire handed out by hospital volunteers. Results indicated that music reduced self-reported stress levels and that visitor stress levels were inversely related to perceptions of customer service. The implications of these findings for supervisors and other health care personnel are discussed. | 2024-05-07T01:26:19.665474 | https://example.com/article/6563 |
1. Field of the Invention
The present invention is directed to a multi-purpose toilet seat and lid. In particular, the present invention discloses a novel and improved device combining the functions of ventilation, body washing (including hot/cold water and soap distribution), fragrance addition, and body drying incorporated into a self-contained unit.
2. Description of the Prior Art
A number of bidet-type personal hygiene devices are known in the art. In a known embodiment, the bidet operates as a stand-alone device separate from a conventional toilet. Conventional bidet functions include issuing a washing spray subsequent to a conventional toilet function, followed by a desired heating, odorizing or sanitizing function.
A further classification of prior art is concerned with portable or add-on bidet devices, such as which are installed into a conventional toilet. The advantage of such devices is that they provide many features associated with a conventional, stand-alone, bidet and without the added space, plumbing and installation requirements.
U.S. Pat. No. 6,167,577, issued to Hammad, teaches a personal hygiene bidet device which clamps to the side of the toilet bowl and connects to existing hot and cold water lines. A mixing valve is provided to adjust the temperature of the output water. A bracket fastens the bidet to the rim of the toilet bowl. A spray wand having a nozzle on its operative end functions to deliver water and soap to the genital area of an individual. A liquid soap dispenser is further provided to dispense soap from the bidet spray nozzle. The spray wand is retractable to the side of the toilet bowl when not in use.
U.S. Pat. No. 4,181,985, issued to Rius, teaches a spray attachment for connection to a conduit supplying water to a toilet bowl having a seat spaced above the bowl which includes a first valve controlling flow to the bowl and to a second valve from which extends a flexible tube passing under the toilet seat and having an upturned nozzle at its outward end centrally of the bowl. In a modification, the nozzle is connected to the tube by a swivel joint to bring the nozzle into and out of operating position in the toilet bowl.
U.S. Pat. No. 5,911,516, issued to Chang, teaches a bidet attachment for a toilet bowl and which includes a base plate for mounting on the upper horizontal rim surface of a toilet bowl, and a top cover mounted on the base plate. The bidet housing confines an opening for access into the toilet bowl. A heating element inside the bidet housing extends around a major part of the opening. A flexible water tube is sheathed on the heating element, and confines a water passage therewith. A water supply valve supplies water to the water passage. Water from the water passage is supplied to a nozzle assembly that is movable between retracted and extended positions. The heating element can be actuated for warming up the bidet housing and for heating water that flows through the water passage from the water supply valve and that flows out of the nozzle assembly.
U.S. Pat. No. 5,504,948, issued to Chandler, teaches a bidet attachment built into a toilet seat, the seat including a chamber opening to the sides of the seat. The bidet attachment includes a spray nozzle connected to a water supply via lines and valves. The nozzle rotates from a storage position within the chamber of the seat to a use position over the toilet bowl. The supply lines and valves are housed within the seat with the threaded water inlet connectors and flow control knobs extending exteriorly of the toilet seat.
U.S. Pat. No. 6,192,527, issued to Paul, discloses a water jet personal hygiene fixture for installation on a toilet bowl, comprising hot and cold water control valves to produce warm water from existing pipes in a bathroom. A pivotally-mounted nozzle produces a water jet, control handles further actuate the nozzle in a vertical arc and to control water pressure and flow, and also provided is a water shut-off valve. A base plate allows installation of the fixture on the toilet bowl in a space between the toilet bowl rim and the toilet seat, the seat having a cut-out to accommodate vertical travel of the nozzle. A novel hand towel is formed from a planar sheet of absorbent material into a tubular shape with a closed end as an aid for dab drying the user and the toilet seat area after the use of the fixture. | 2024-07-20T01:26:19.665474 | https://example.com/article/6313 |
Wednesday, April 9, 2008
The campaign against the Western media became a focus point for Chinese discontent, coalescing peoples' frustrations, including concerns over the West's apparent failure to recognize Chinese as victims of Tibetan aggression. This coincided with Beijing's propaganda attack on the integrity of the spiritual leader of Tibet's ethnic minority, the Dalai Lama. Chinese bloggers take offense to suggestions that they are influenced by propaganda, and -- as Rebecca MacKinnon blogged -- suggestions that netizens are brainwashed are not warmly received.
Actually, the question as to what extent propaganda shaped netizens' opinions is beside the point. For all we know, the Wesern media may well exhibit bias concerning China. But how does one go about making this case? That's the question. And therein lies the fundamental problem with the netizens' campaign against the Western media: their disinclination to approach alleged evidence of bias with a critical mindset. If you view the anti-cnn group's evidence with a critical eye, this becomes apparent. For example, I have examined the controversial photo captions, photo cropping, and the Lhasa blogger's statement. I have considered the operational context and timeframe when all this evidence appeared. I have tried to imagine myself in the shoes of Western news media staff. Having looked at the evidence, I found the Chinese netizens' case for Western news media bias to be largely unsubstantiated.
Alarm bells ought to go off in our heads whenever strong claims are made against any person or organization where the claims are not competently attested by the evidence at hand. I wish I could say that this point was central to Chang Ping's (trans) courageous critique of the attack on the Western media, but it was not. Chang Ping, like ESWN blogger, both express disillusionment about where the nationalism now seems to be headed. Yet both blame Western media bias for stirring it up in the first place.
ESWN blogger is right to be concerned that this movement will turn "inwards" (a threat was made against a Chinese blogger). He evokes the specter of a second Cultural Revolution. But in essence, the "outwards" attacks that have targeted the Dalai Lama or Western journalists are not dissimilar. They share a common origin. It is a mindset, not an orientation, from which danger stems; it is your criteria for pulling the trigger, not the direction in which you aim the pistol. The netizens behaved like a herd of blind sheep, few bothering to question the strength of the evidence they were being fed. As I blogged previously:
What cannot be denied is that what appears to have begun as an earnest blogger campaign has morphed into something truly ugly. Chinese websites have spawned "harassment, including violent threats, against foreign reporters who took part in a recent trip to Lhasa" reported the WSJ Monday. Curiously -- and perhaps tellingly -- over the weekend the government of China made no move to censor those posting death threats against Western journalists, despite the requests of foreign press organizations.
Sheep are easily driven by wolves. The Party stands the most to gain should competing sources of information be discredited. The Party is reeping the harvest of the netizens' campaign. At least, that is, in so far as the anti-cnn campaign is "leading people," in Chang Ping's words, "to abandon their trust in objectivity and fairness and hence seek refuse in narrow nationalism" and "draw the conclusion that talk of universal values is deceptive trickery" and perhaps conclude that it is "standard international practice to tell lies."
Moreover, the question begs to be asked: Are there wolves in sheep's clothing?*
A new boundary for Chinese discourse?The most astute Chinese commentary I have read concerning the present controversy was penned by Shen Yuzhe (translated at ESNW). Yet, even this writer declines to point out the weakness of the evidence underling the anti-CNN group. It almost would appear as if to retain a credible voice in China, you have to accept the claims of the anti-cnn campaign at face value, and subscribe to the now widely-held belief in nefarious Western media bias.
Journalists are human, international news organizations have various biases. Fair-minded criticism -- now as always -- rests on the examination of evidence, not innuendo. People anywhere should expect no less of news media, and the world has the right to expect no less of any group of netizens.*____* To what extent the netizens' campaign may have been assisted by China's extensive state propaganda and Internet censorship apparatus we can only speculate at this time. For example, a recent article in FEER by David Bandurski (h/t Rconv.) suggests that Beijing's censorship apparatus has become decentralized and more proactive. He describes one program that includes hundreds of paid "volunteers."
22 comments:
Jotman, you wrote: "Journalists are human, international news organizations may have various biases. Fair-minded criticism -- now as always -- rests on the examination of evidence, not innuendo. People anywhere should expect no less of news media, and the world has the right to expect no less of any group of netizens.*"
This is definitely the right mindset when it comes to journalism. However this is definitely not what journalists on both sides of the Tibetan issue are doing. I stress BOTH because while it's obvious that Chinese media is using Dalai Lama as the scapegoat for all of Tibet's troubles, there are many key items which the Western media has taken propaganda from Dalai Lama's PR team and written them as facts. For example, from the onset of the tibet riot reports, the western media used the term Bloody Crackdown when there is no evidence what so ever to support such. Journalists and tourists at the site on Tibet, all of them have said that the did not witness any suppression by the police. To this day, I have yet to find any credible evidence of a brutal crackdown THIS TIME AROUND. There are many other examples too, such as the claim that Han population is overcrowding Tibet (not according to any type of census conducted), that the Chinese government has discriminatory policies towards Tibetans (the Chinese affirmative action policy actually favors minorities when it comes to education and employment), etc. All of these are either untrue or unproven, yet the Western media continue to use them as facts when discussing Tibet.
Ultimately, there is no doubt that the Western media bias has sparked Chinese nationalism. It's easy to blame this on the Chinese government but the fact is that many if not most of the overseas Chinese such as myself are even more outraged. Unlike the folks who created anti-cnn we have a much better understanding and expectation from the Western media.
I am a Chinese, although I am disagree with my government in many aspects, the recent western media really hurt my emotion and many others.
For example, CNN reported that in Tibet in words like "Chinese police squashed the peaceful protest and 15 people died", but my underground news was that 15 people killed my the mob. I said people not Han Chinese because those mob killed both Han people and Muslim people and some Tibetan they took as traitors. Some of them were burned to death on street in the day light. I am not sure if you are familiar with Tibet history. Those landlords of Tibet used to burn their serfs alive, and call it "heavenly lamp".
The other case about CNN was that after a broadcaster finished "Chinese government used heavy hand to the protesters", they showed an interview of a western tourist talking about how the mob beating a girl randomly on the street. This gave the watchers an illusion that that tourist was talking how police beating the protesters.
Don't let me start Foxnews.
I came to this country for unbiased news and freedom. Now I feel betrayed.
So what you are saying is that the western media should not say anything that might upset the Chinese? Even when the reporting is correct? That is just more weakness in the face of totalitarianism and it doesn't stop the things that the CCP teaches Chinese kids about the West or the types of stories that Xinhua and CCTV conjures up about the West.
The difference is that in the West we are accustomed to critical dialog, ie, we have thicker skin. Also, western countries are behaving like pre-20th century colonial powers or even ancient imperial powers.
Journalists are human, international news organizations have various biases. Fair-minded criticism -- now as always -- rests on the examination of evidence, not innuendo. People anywhere should expect no less of news media, and the world has the right to expect no less of any group of netizens.*
It is exactly the lacking of evidence to back what western media trying to sell to the public trigger the outrage of Chinese people.
A bloodly crack down? if there is no internet, people may be fooled, but not this time.. I have yet to see any evidence to support this claim, but it already become the standard "Fact" every time this issue comes out in TV.
The western media takes whatever the pro-Tibet camp PR provide as facts, and ignore the hard evidence suggesting otherwise, this is not just some inaccurate use of pictures, this is systematic failure of the media in the west, it simply turn its back from the truth, but yet it claim it's objective and fair.. where is the critical mindset when it comes to the pro-tibet camp's propaganda?
Beijing's propaganda?? this laughable, do you know it is the Chinese people living overseas got really angry? most of them do not even watch Chinese TV, they have access to all kind of sources, and they all come to the same conclusion that enough is enough, we have to do something about it this time.
For those of us who were born, bred, and raised in the West, the bias is even more apparent, actually, because our superior English language skills allow us to see nuances and subtle slants that many in China might not. For example, take this post from the AFP.
"Exiled Tibetan leaders say 150 people have died in the Chinese crackdown on the demonstrations. China insists it has acted with restraint and killed no one, while blaming Tibetan "rioters" for the deaths of 20 people."
Let's change it up a bit.
"Exiled Tibetan leaders say 150 people have died in the Chinese crackdown on the "demonstrations". China insists it has acted with restraint and killed no one, while blaming Tibetan rioters for the deaths of 20 people."
Can you spot the difference? Even minor differences such as where to place the " " has a major impact on the slant of the article; by placing the " " on rioters, rather than demonstration, the article implicitly casts doubt on the Chinese depiction of the protests as being violent, even though there isn't a single reputable newspaper or magazine in the world that would outright deny it. And it confers greater relative authenticity on the Tibetan exile claims that 100+ people were killed, even though they have yet to provide names, while the Chinese side has provided names and addresses for all of its claims.
Some people might claim that I'm nitpicking, but I don't believe I am. It's an example of the subtle but unmistakable slant of China/Tibet based news reporting.
Through deceptive methods such as this, many forms of purportedly unbiased Western media slant the news against China, and implicitly casting doubt upon that which they would never dare to directly do; namely, deny that the riots in Tibet were violent and destructive in nature.
This is only one example of something which I've seen in nearly every Western news article. Things like this, many Chinese people might not pick up on, because their grasp of the English language is not as strong as those of us who have been raised and educated in English-speaking countries. But we have, and that is why, almost universally, the overseas Chinese community is also very upset with the 'free press'.
There is something of the Cultural Revolution mindest about this Chinese mob protest against 'media bias' in the west. It's like they're channelling the Boxers and the Red Guards. Seemingly rational people who have been living with CCTV and the People's Daily all their lives suddenly discover media bias? And their unanimous diagnosis is that foreigners hate China. It's like they're all reading from the same script and unable to think in anything other than nationalistic stereotypes.
"So what you are saying is that the western media should not say anything that might upset the Chinese?"
No. Please take another look at what I wrote, that's not what I was trying to say. Otherwise, I agree with your comment.
I think much Western criticism of China needs to be taken in a more positive light by the Chinese. It testifies to peoples' conviction that China has the capacity to grow and become a better country. People want for China to be more than simply an economic giant or global factory. I happen to believe that criticism is one way of paying China a complement. Great nations merit great criticism.
There is a categorical difference between fair criticism and sheer venomous bias. The Chinese populace would readily welcome fair criticims on our country and government. But what the Western media have been engaged in in the past few weeks could only be described as ill-intentioned bashing based not on evidence but deeply ingrained bias and more seriously, misrepresentation of facts.
It boggles my mind therefore that there are people out there bending backwards be apologetic for them and firing back their ire at us saying that we are not able to "take criticisms".
The use of word is deceptive here. China had not been subjected to criticism in the past few weeks. It was untruth, bias and pure venomous bashing that we had been subject to.
Get this fact straight before you lash our your "criticisms" back us.
And stop the condescending implication that the Chinese netizens are swayed by government propoganda. It is an arrogant dismissal of our mental capacity to think critically and independently. It is denying our sense of social justice. It reeks of the stench of eurocentricity.
You still have complex of superiority, which many Westerners have. If a chinese supports its gov over some issues, he/she is brainwashed. How easy your logic is! And you and other Westerners fail to differenciate CCP with China. You thansfer your hatred and fear over communism from CCP to China. That's why western media attacks China so hysterically. You assume you are attacking CCP. But what you are doing is attacking China. that's why Chinese are so angry. you mention the word"sheep". I think it is a good word. But i think Americans are the perfect candidates for the word. Chinese are critical of their government and media. for anything CCP-controlled media said, people just take half and reserve half. BUt as i observe, common westerners are so gullible that they swallow all the spin of their media. Get rid of your superiority complex. then you would have a real understanding about China.
So being born in the US (or any other western country) you feel some loyalty to China? Just because of ethnicity? Don't be fooled, unless you support torching Japan, "embracing" Taiwan with a suffocating grip and getting back all of that alleged "lost territory" from China's neighbors, all you share is some DNA.
Your logic would equate with Caucasian or African Americans getting in a lather over political and etchnic tensions in Africa and Europe. When is the last time you've seen two white guys who know each others' "ethnicity" go at over some pre-WW1 territory incursion or goat killing? Or maybe some black Americans get into it over "tribal oppression".
You are American.
@Jotman:"People want for China to be more than simply an economic giant or global factory."
What people want for China and what China wants for itself are two very different things and that hidden truth is becoming more and more evident.
When? Whenever any person or any media outlet says anything negative about China, the faces get red, the tears start flowing and the retorts start coming about the problems of "other countries" and all of the abuse China has received from everyone else, as if China is the only country that has ever been wronged.
Chinese national wrote: And stop the condescending implication that the Chinese netizens are swayed by government propoganda. It is an arrogant dismissal of our mental capacity to think critically and independently. It is denying our sense of social justice. It reeks of the stench of eurocentricity.
Please have another read of the post, that's was not even my argument. I wrote:
"Actually, the question as to what extent propaganda shaped netizens' opinions is beside the point. For all we know, the Wesern media may well exhibit bias concerning China. But how does one go about making this case? That's the question."
You wrote: It was untruth, bias and pure venomous bashing that we had been subject to.
And I was saying by way of my post: I would like to see some solid evidence. Attacking the Western media without making a good case for claims of "pure venomous bashing" is is counterproductive. Subject your own best evidence to scrutiny.
Of course I make a distinction between the CCP and the Chinese people! That is only fair. Chinese people are not to blame for the misdeeds of their rulers.
And I, for one, am not afraid of any Chinese "communism." What communism? By the looks of things, China barely even seems to practice anything resembling socialism.
As I wrote in another post: "I think the recent rioting needs to be understood with the context of modern China's approach to development. One might call it state-sanctioned crony capitalism run amok. That is the big story: China's policy of "development at all costs" and the high the price Tibetans are paying for it."
@Anonymous: "BUt as i observe, common westerners are so gullible that they swallow all the spin of their media."as a matter of interest, how do you know what "common westerners" swallow? How wide-ranging is your survey of "common westerners" and their attitudes to mass media?One other thing I'm interested in: what determines the half of what the government says Chinese people choose to believe, and the half that they "reserve"? A common comment westerners in Beijing are making to Chinese friends, colleagues, spouses etc at the moment is: "But you don't believe anything the government says about anything else, why do believe what they say about Tibet?"
The way I've approached it is kind of like "Well, duh the media IS bias."
If you watch or read the news, magazines, or blogs with any regularity everyone accuses the media of bias. Hillary Clinton accused them of favoring Obama, Kanye West accused them of showing blacks as looters, and now Chinese netizens are accusing the media of distorting Tibet.
But my view was always to say that the bias is mostly due to carelessness and cultural misconception rather than any sort of conspiracy against China. As you said, the people working in media are simply people, who are prone to mistakes. But my take is, it is the responsibility of the viewer to gain additional perspectives and insight in order to form a more accurate assessment of the situation.
However, Tibet makes it difficult. It's the equivalent of a crime scene where the two main witnesses have a huge incentive to lie and where everyone else has managed only to see bits and pieces of the whole picture.
With that sort of incomplete view, everyone will be prone to speculation, and really we may just never know the truth. Even till now, I don't believe I've seen estimated numbers that were in the protest at all.
Jotman, I trust you are an honest man so I will spend some time to write this comment. If only you watched TV during mid march when they aired the Indian/Nepali police beating Tibetan, again and again, and anchors kept saying "let's see how things are going in Tibet", you will know how serious they have misled the public. And if only you asked 10 average western people if they knew those ppl beating were not Chinese and you found 10 didn't know, among them 8 still believed the Lhasa protest was peaceful but got cracked down, you would know what damage the media has done. I wish someone tape recorded those programs.
Also, I think if you check the news titles there are thousands "brutal crackdown", "police clashing protesters", "100 killed". Now you know all those were total BS.
I will tell you this, my girlfriend only likes pop stars and never cared for politics. On Mar 15 she came home sadly and asked me "why they are so mean to lie, I tried to tell my coworkers those were not Chinese police but they wouldn't believe". She is now saying if there is a protest in NYC, where we live, she will be there telling people the truth.
I've seen you around in all the blogs around the world, arguing the same nasty comment that the Chinese have been brainwashed by CCP. Maybe the case may be true a long long time ago (during Mao's era) when the country was closed and internet was not around then. But here we're right in 21th century. The Chinese at this moment, are heading towards greater participation in big organisation like UN and MNCs around the world. I wonder what 'brainwash' that you are refering to, when in all possibilities they are seeing the world more than you've ever being.
Maybe you, Nanheyangrouchuan is still sleeping in your job or you may some ulterior motive leading you to 'paste' your nasty comment in all blogs around the world.
You ought to be ashamed of yourself for creating nuisance not only to the Chinese but even to non-Chinese like us.
It's easy to lump and label everyone who offend the Chinese identity with the label 'Western'. Well, a lot of other 'non-Western' people like Indians, Koreans, Japanese, or in my cases, Thais, also disapprove of Chinese occupation, oppression, and obliteration of Tibetan and other minorities' culture. We are not as vocal as the 'Westerners' in our protest, but don't mistake that as approval, OK?
I think the current Nationalistic fury in China change my opinion of mainland China quite a bit. I thought the past few decades of economic growth will have made a more nuanced, responsible, and mature China. But this nationalistic fervor reminds me that this is still the same China that came up with crazy things like Great Leap Forward and Cultural Revolution.. and that actively undermine many Southeast Asian governments.
This raises the spector of expansionist hegemonistic China. From the perspectives of northern Thais where the China's world's largest army is but two hours away by land, maybe China should be contained after all..
The bone of contention for the Chinese netizens -- initially -- was the Western media -- so I keep referring to Western media. But the issue of the attack itself -- how it has been conducted, their methods, aims, and claims -- should be of concern to everyone everywhere. I completely agree it should not be framed as a West Vs. China matter.
Now we see Chinese netizens have launched an malicious attacked against Grace Wang. Again, though she is a student at an American University, this is not a US-China problem, neither is it an an "internal China matter."
If recent London riot had happened in China, BBC would have used such words as "government crackdown, police brutality, peaceful demonstrators, people seek justice and so on." However, when the riots happened in London and Britain, the media reports all used words of "riots, government restored order to society, police arrested terrorists and mobs, etc." Don't you brainwashed biased BBC readers get the picture? Are you going to lobby Nobel peace prizes for those "justice seekers" in London streets? Double standard, racism, bias and hypocricy at the best display! Do some west journalists still think they have any moral cradibility in China?! Don't you realize that majority of Chinese public laugh at your fake "human rights"? Chinese people have much better critical thinking skills. | 2024-03-28T01:26:19.665474 | https://example.com/article/5800 |
This came up when he was asked if he saw it as a competition between he and Marcus Mariota as to who would be the No. 1 overall pick.
“I’m not into no competition type of thing,” Winston told reporters. “I’m in it to win games and be the face of someone’s franchise. This is no competition between just me and Mariota, because one thing about me, I plan on winning the Super Bowl next year so it’s going to be me vs. Peyton Manning and Jameis vs. Tom Brady. I want to be viewed like that.
“After all this combine stuff, you’re not going to hear no more about Jameis Winston and Marcus Mariota. I want my name to stay relevant for the next 15 or 20 years of my career.”
Before taking any questions, Winston admitted he’s had some issues in the past and he’s putting them behind him.
“First off, before we start anything, I want to let you all know I know made mistakes and I know I have a past but right now it’s about me moving forward and earning the trust of all these 32 teams out there,” Winston said. “And by saying that, I’m a competitor and I know what I’m capable of doing so I will be throwing [Saturday] at the combine.”
A picture surfaced on the internet this week of Winston working out, which caused some people to question his conditioning and overall shape. Winston isn’t worried about what his critics think.
“A lot of people thought I was fat, but I’m here, I’m proving everybody wrong,” said Winston. “I look good and I know it.”
Winston won the 2014 National Championship with Florida State before losing to Oregon in the Rose Bowl this past January.
Dante Scarnecchia is close friends with Florida State offensive line coach Rick Trickett. (Jim Rogash/Getty Images)
The Patriots struck gold last year when they selected Florida State center Bryan Stork in the fourth round.
Stork started at center in 11 games and was a key piece to the offensive line, specifically their turnaround after a rough first few weeks of the season, as Stork made his starting debut Week 4 in Kansas City.
Retired offensive line coach Dante Scarnecchia, who has helped the Patriots out at the draft the past two years, including this year, has a long-time friendship with Florida State offensive line coach Rick Trickett, which played a role in the Patriots selecting Stork last year.
With the Patriots potentially in need for another interior lineman this year, the Patriots could be targeting another Seminole this year.
One of those could be guard Tre Jackson, who reportedly had a meeting with Scarnecchia and the Patriots this week in Indianapolis. at the NFL combine.
Jackson said Stork was part of the Florida State offensive linemen coming together leading into their National Championship in 2014.
“I believe Bryan Stork’s last year is the year that brought us all closer together,” said Jackson to reporters at the combine this week. “We all had some adversity that we were facing, and our chemistry wasn’t as tight at the start of fall camp. Things that we went through it brought us all closer together. That bonded us and molded us into a brotherhood.”
Also reportedly meeting with the Patriots this week from Florida State was tackle Bobby Hart, another offensive lineman who the Patriots could target given their Seminole connection.
Another possible player from Florida State the Patriots could target is tight end Nick O’Leary, as a possible complement to Rob Gronkowski. O’Leary, the grandson of golfer Jack Nicklaus, is known for his great hands as he hauled in 48 passes for 618 yards and six touchdowns this past year.
At only 6-foot-3, some have questioned his ability to make plays in the red zone — O’Leary had a message for his critics this week.
“You can watch my tape,” he told reporters at the combine. “I caught a lot of balls in the red zone.”
O’Leary was also asked about his connection with Stork, who has a reputation for being a quiet guy. He said he is good friends with the Patriots center and the two have communicated all week, and during the past season as well.
“Me and Bryan talk all the time. He’s actually down here right now,” O’Leary said. “We’ll probably get together when I get done with the Combine. He didn’t talk much at Florida State unless it was guys he was close with.”
Given the Patriots’ run with Rutgers selections given Bill Belichick‘s connection with Greg Schiano, the next Patriots run could go through Florida State because of Scarnecchia and Trickett.
With the Patriots potentially losing two running backs via free agency in Shane Vereen and Stevan Ridley, the team could be in the market for a running back in the draft.
One of those backs could be Nebraska running back Ameer Abdullah. He ran for over 1,000 yards in his final three seasons at Nebraska, including 1,611 yards on 264 carries in his senior year. He also can catch passes out of the backfield if needed, as he finished his career at Nebraska with 73 receptions.
If the Patriots were to select Abdullah (would seemingly have to be with one of their top picks as he is projected to go in Rounds 2 or 3), he would be replacing Vereen — someone who Abdullah thinks is very talented.
“Oh man, he’s nasty. He’s nasty,” he told reporters at the NFL combine. “I watch a lot of his film to help myself out on route running. He runs the best option route, I feel like, in the NFL right now. He does a good job of stemming the linebackers, snapping them off, using his head to get some separation. Outstanding hands. A guy who’s going to be in the league a long time if he continues to do that.”
As for a potential role in the NFL, Abdullah said he would do whatever is asked of him.
“I never like to put myself just in a role,” he said. “I like to be a guy who can play first down, second down, third down, but if a team drafts me and says, hey, this year, this is what we need you to do, yes sir, I’ll do that.”
The one issue Abdullah has is fumbling. The 5-foot-9, 195-pounder fumbled 24 times and lost 17 of them during his four years as a Cornhusker, something that would not go over well in New England with how much Bill Belichick values ball security.
He sees this as easily correctable.
“Very correctable as long as you’re practicing the same way you’re going to do it in the game,” said Abdullah. “It’s all about focusing on the three pressure points. Anyone who plays football knows what I’m talking about when I say that. Just practicing the same way every day, consistently holding the ball high and tight. It just becomes second nature, really. It’s just focusing.”
Even with his 1,000-yard seasons at Nebraska, Abdullah says his best years are still ahead of him.
“I haven’t maximized my full potential yet,” he said. “Everyone has their potential, height, I haven’t expressed it soon. There’s so much for me to learn. I haven’t competed on the professional level yet, so I’m in a developmental stage.”
Roy Helu will be a free agent for the first time of his career. (Joe Robbins/Getty Images)
When free agency begins in early March, there are a handful of players across the league who could appeal to New England. With the understanding that the status of these players could change because of the franchise or transition tag, here are a few possibilities for the Patriots to consider. We have to stress that all of these guys aren’t necessarily considered the elite of the free agent class — instead, they’re players we think would be a good fit in New England. We already featured C.J. Spiller,Hakeem Nicks, Torrey Smith, Rahim Moore, Charles Clay, Jerry Hughes, Pernell McPhee, Orlando Franklin and Dane Fletcher. Today we’ll feature Roy Helu.
The skinny: The running back has spent his first four seasons in the league with the Redskins, but a change of scenery might do Helu a world of good. After his rookie season where he ran for 640 yards on 151 carries, and also caught 49 passes for 379 yards, he hasn’t done much in his last three years partly because he’s shared duties with Alfred Morris. In 2012 he only played in three games because of Achilles and turf toe injuries. Although he was placed on season-ending injured reserve, he did bounce back in his last two seasons to not let the injuries affect his durability. He played in 16 and 14 games the last two seasons respectively — although he wasn’t as productive as in his rookie season.
Over the past two seasons Helu has totaled 490 yards rushing and five touchdowns. He’s also caught 73 passes for 728 yards and two touchdowns. Helu’s strength is catching passes out of the backfield, something not many running backs can do. Helu has also played on special teams throughout his career, adding to his potential value.
By the numbers: 11.4 – Average yards per catch for Helu in 2014, a very impressive number for a running back.
Why it would work: With Stevan Ridley and Shane Vereen set to become free agents, the Patriots could potentially be in need of a running back, especially a veteran as they have LeGarrette Blount, Jonas Gray, James White and Tyler Gaffney already on their roster, but besides Blount all will be entering either their first or second year in the league. Coach Bill Belichick always seems to find a veteran at each position at a low cost to bring in during training camp and see how things work out. With the three running backs currently on the roster all very young in age, bringing in a veteran as opposed to filling the need through the draft might be the better route to go. Also, with Helu’s experience on special teams and how much Belichick values that, it’s just another reason he could be appealing to the Patriots.
Why it might not work: Helu and Morris worked well in Washington complementing each other, with Morris getting the bulk of the carries and Helu being more of a third down back to catch passes out of the backfield. The Redskins could be inclined to bring him back, thus keeping him off the market. Also, Helu might want to go to a place where he will get more carries, and New England with the way they don’t usually feature one back, might not be a place Helu would want to play because he could get more carries elsewhere.
Quote: “I’m very excited, because it’s the first time I’ve gone into an offseason where I guess I get to see what else is out there and I’m not restricted to a rookie pay scale. There’s great possibilities out there that I’ll probably look into for the benefit of my family’s future. But, at the same time, I had a great experience these last four years. If I’m back, that’d be amazing. It’s two parties that would have to get together and have a common goal in mind.” — Helu on his impending free agent status.
Our take: Everything with the Patriots and their running back situation depends on Ridley and Vereen. If they bring either of them back, it would seem very unlikely the team would be in the market for a running back at all. If they don’t bring either of the two back, then they would be one of the teams most interested in a running back, particularly one who has a good amount of experience in the league. Helu wouldn’t be a player who costs a lot of money — he just finished his rookie contract where he made an average yearly salary of $627,563 — so this shouldn’t prohibit the Patriots from being in the running. He will seemingly be seeking more than what he made last year, but could be on a one or two year, low-money deal for a way to prove himself into earning a bigger one in the coming years. If the Patriots are indeed in need of a veteran running back, especially one who can catch passes out of the backfield, Helu might be their guy.
On Wednesday and Thursday, we covered the wide receivers and running backs, respectively. In this post we’ll knock down the top 10 tight ends. I’ll be back with the quarterbacks Saturday morning. As always, I’ll be ranking these players with an eye toward future fantasy appeal, and this year’s tight end class is a bit more appealing that the 2013 group from that perspective.
As with the receivers and backs, I’ve broken the tight ends into tiers. As we move through the draft process, these rankings may move a bit, though I really doubt that anybody makes a move for the top spot. I’m that impressed with Maxx Williams. I’ll be posting full scouting reports on most of these tight ends in the coming weeks. Check weei.com later Friday, when Jim Hackett and I will be talking combine and looking ahead to 2015 fantasy drafts.
Tier 1
Maxx Williams, Minnesota
Yes, I am giving him his own tier. Williams is such a potent weapon as a receiver that I think he merits the distinction. The ex-Minnesota star is a mismatch nightmare, as I said the other day when I speculated about Williams as a potential Patriot. And, as much as I want to emphasize Williams’ receiving upside, it should be noted that he’s a solid blocker both in-line and out in space. He would fit right in on a team like the Patriots or the Eagles. If Chip Kelly fails to move up for Marcus Mariota, Williams would be a nice consolation prize.
Funchess is working out as a receiver, and that most likely has something to do with his agent and the Jimmy Graham situation from last season. In my view, after breaking down his game film, Funchess is worth more as a joker tight end in the Aaron Hernandez mold than he is as a wide receiver. In the end, it may only be semantics. He’ll be a chess piece for some team, but he’s not game-ready. I expect a typical learning curve. Heuerman is an interesting player. He’s prototypically sized and I like his chances of early success because he’s been well-schooled by Urban Meyer. A good combine could raise his profile considerable. Walford is a traditional two-way tight end and he’s close to game-ready. His blocking chops should make him an every-down player eventually, and that lends itself to fantasy value. Koyack’s inclusion in Tier 2 may surprise some people, but I like his overall game. He’s a versatile receiver with good hands and he’s got plenty of potential as a blocker.
Both Bibbs and Pruitt are smallish hybrids, but they are names to know for fantasy owners because they are both more receiver than tight end. While I do not see a breakout rookie campaign from either player, I like what they ultimately could become if given some time. They have deep dynasty appeal if they find good NFL homes. For perspective, both Bibbs and Pruitt are bigger than Delanie Walker, who has posted some impressive numbers the last two years in Tennessee. Christian is smallish at 244 pounds, but he plays bigger than his size as a blocker and shows good feet as a receiver. While his numbers suffered a slight decline this season, it should be noted that he lost Teddy Bridgewater to the NFL, so factor that into his growth curve. He had a good week at the Senior Bowl, which may have caught the eye of a few NFL teams. This is another player who would make sense for the Patriots if he’s still on the board late. O’Leary is a name that you may recognize as he’s played in a lot of high-profile games. I like his tenacity both as a blocker and as a receiver, but he needs to run well at the combine. I’m not seeing enough speed on film. Then again, he’s got a well-rounded game and he played in a pro style offense at Florida State. He was used in a variety of ways and showed some plus ability in pass protection. He’s another player who could appeal to the Patriots at the right price. Boyle’s inclusion is all about potential. He had a good week at the Senior Bowl and he has the potential to be a devastating blocker at 268 pounds. His size and blocking prowess could make him a red zone weapon in time. Remember, blocking keeps you on the field, and he has the size to be a very imposing force near the stripe. This gives Boyle some long-term fantasy appeal.
I’ll be tweeting out important combine performances over the next two days. Follow me on Twitter if you want to stay connected.
“One yard,” he wrote. “I’d be lying if I said I haven’t been thinking about that one yard for the past 17 days. Everyone wants to know how I feel. Well … it’s complicated. Walking off that field in Arizona and seeing disappointed Seahawks fans in the stands was anguish. How could I not feel like I let them down? I tried to be positive, but I’m not perfect. I have been away from the game for almost three weeks, trying to escape football and clear my mind. But the funny thing is, I’ve never felt hungrier to get in the weight room and the film room, and keep pushing until we get to Super Bowl 50.
“How do I feel?” he added. “I don’t know if I can fit it into a soundbite. I definitely couldn’t fit it into a 30-second Instagram video. So, after the Players’ Tribune roundtable event on Saturday, I had the camera crew stick around so I could talk it out. Sorry if it’s not perfect. There was no script here. I just wanted to talk directly to the 12s. This is for you.”
Wilson began the video, titled “Call Me Crazy,” by expressing how much he hates losing and how when it hit him that the Seahawks had lost, it was tough.
“It’s a tough feeling of losing,” he said. “If anybody hates losing, I hate losing, and so being in that circumstance on the field in Arizona for Super Bowl XLIX and then making a play and us, me feeling I didn’t make the play and knowing that it’s over, all the hard work that you’ve put in all season long, and all the amazing plays, all the plays that you didn’t make, all the great games, all the comeback wins, all the things comes down to that one moment and it feels like it’s lost.”
Wilson talked about the importance of accountability and stressed how he asks himself how he can get better every day and learn something he’s never learned before, and better than he’s ever learned it. He said he could rehash the Super Bowl and that final drive, but stated that he made the video to talk about his mindset, not the game.
“It’s about right now, what can I do today, what can I do for my teammates?” he said. “How can I be a better teammate, how can I be a better leader, and if I can do that then the rest will handle itself.
“The mindset doesn’t change, the focus doesn’t change,” he continued. “The belief that I’m going to get there again and we’re going to do it better than it’s ever done, and that’s never going to change for me, no matter what the circumstances are, and that’s why I’ve been to two Super Bowls. That’s why I’ve been able to win a lot of football games because of the guys I have around me, because of the coaching staff because of the amazing fans, we’ve got that best fans in the National Football League, but also because I believe in my mindset.
“I believe my mindset is going to take me further than anyone else has ever gone, and I just believe that,” Wilson said. “I’m going to be the last guy to ever give up, I’m going to be the last guy to not take a risk, and I think that great things happen when you’re able to step out and make some crazy plays at times and just trust in your preparation and trust in all the things you’ve been able to do. And so through all the ups and downs and through all the questions and wondering what happened and all that, I’m prepared for the next moment and that’s all I know.
“In my mind, I believe I have a killer instinct. I believe that I’m just going to keep going and keep playing and keep fighting and keep doing everything that I can to be successful, and there’s a difference between just being successful and being significant, so my goal is to be significant. My goal is to make a difference, my goal is to do it better than anybody’s ever done it. Call me crazy, call me insane, I don’t know, but I believe I’ll get there again.”
Houston head coach Bill O’Brien had high praise for Ryan Mallett on Thursday. (Bob Levey/Getty Images)
Although Bill O’Brien is the head coach of the Houston Texans, he made a name for himself as an assistant coach with the Patriots, his first NFL gig, so he had a rooting interest in Super Bowl XLIX.
In the end he couldn’t have been happier for the Patriots, which include some of his best friends in the league.
“It was an unbelievable game,” O’Brien told reporters at the NFL combine Thursday. “It was fun to watch. A lot of those guys are my close friends. A lot of those coaches, Josh McDaniels, Nick Caserio, the director of player personnel there, those two guys are two of my best friends. Obviously my relationship with Bill [Belichick], I felt great for those guys. Tom Brady, what more can you say about a guy that has persevered throughout his career and played at such a high level, goes and wins another Super Bowl. You can’t say enough about him.
“At the same time, you’re watching that game and you’re wishing and you’re hoping that some day the Houston Texans are in that game. That’s the nature of the business. I felt great watching the Patriots win that game for those guys that were in it.’
O’Brien got his start in the NFL as an assistant with the Patriots in 2007. He then was the wide receivers coach in 2008 before being elevated to quarterback’s coach from 2009-10, and finally he was the offensive coordinator in 2011 before departing for the head coaching job at Penn State. O’Brien did make it back to the NFL taking the head coaching job with Houston.
It was during that time in New England where O’Brien coached quarterback Ryan Mallett who was traded to Houston during training camp, and started two games in Houston before suffering a season-ending knee injury. O’Brien was happy to get a chance to coach Mallett again.
Now with Mallett being a free agent, he wants him back in a Texans uniform.
“Whenever the date that we actually executed the trade with New England, that’s really when
we knew it was going to happen,” said O’Brien. “I’ve known Ryan since his rookie year. I coached him his rookie year. Really have a good connection with Ryan. George Godsey our quarterback coach was a real good connection, too. He enjoys playing in our system. We enjoy coaching him.
“Unfortunately, he only played two games due to injury. He played on good game and then one game where he was out there playing hurt. That’s not why we lost the game, but he tried to struggle through a chest injury there. He’s doing better. He’s rehabbing and we’d like to have him back in Houston.” | 2024-02-02T01:26:19.665474 | https://example.com/article/2465 |
INDIANAPOLIS -- Former NBA No. 1 draft pick Greg Oden is out of jail following his arrest on battery charges for allegedly punching his ex-girlfriend in the face.
Oden, 26, was released from custody Thursday evening. Online Marion County Jail records show Oden was released on a $10,000 bond.
Police arrested Oden on battery charges early Thursday, alleging that he punched his ex-girlfriend in the face during a fight at his mother's suburban Indianapolis home.
The free-agent center, who played for the Miami Heat last season, was taken into custody at the home in Lawrence on two preliminary counts of misdemeanor battery.
Prosecutors plan to request a 72-hour continuance to give them more time to decide what, if any, formal charges Oden will face, she said.
According to a Lawrence police report, officers were called to the home at around 3:30 a.m. and found a 24-year-old woman on a sofa with a swollen, bloody face. A friend of the woman told officers that Oden had "punched her in the face."
The report says the injured woman was uncooperative and told officers she had fallen, but was unable to say when and where that occurred.
Oden told officers he and the woman had dated for about two years but split up two months ago. According to the report, he said he was arguing with his ex-girlfriend when "things got out of control" and he struck her as he swung his arms to try to break free of two people who were trying to hold him back.
One of Oden's relatives, who said she was awoken by the argument, told police that "every time the two visit and go out, there is an argument to follow."
Oden's agent, Michael Conley Sr., directed all questions to Oden's attorney, James Bell. In a statement, Bell said: "It would be inappropriate to comment at such an early stage of this case. The court will schedule a hearing and we will allow that process to play out."
The 7-foot Oden was a star at Lawrence North High School in Indianapolis and then played a season at Ohio State before the Portland Trail Blazers made him the top pick in the 2007 NBA draft.
Knee injuries have derailed Oden's professional career, and he didn't play from December 2009 until last season, when he averaged 2.9 points in 23 games for the Heat. He is currently without a team.
Information from the Associated Press was used in this report. | 2023-12-24T01:26:19.665474 | https://example.com/article/7998 |
Stable meso-Fluorenyl Smaragdyrin Monoradical.
The facile synthesis and physical characterization of a meso-fluorenyl smaragdyrin monoradical 4, which is stable due to efficient spin delocalization and kinetic blocking, is reported. It has a small energy gap and can be oxidized and reduced into the respective cation and anion, showing different charge distribution and electronic absorption properties. | 2023-12-08T01:26:19.665474 | https://example.com/article/9128 |
The candidates weren’t kind to Jim Lehrer in the first presidential debate. The veteran moderator was talked over, interrupted, cut off and ignored.
Would they dare to do the same thing to a woman?
Voters and viewers are about to find out. Women, rarely seen in the moderator’s chair, will be refereeing the next two debates. Martha Raddatz of ABC News will moderate Thursday night’s vice-presidential face-off; CNN’s Candy Crowley will be the moderatoron Tuesday when President Obama and Mitt Romney square off a second time.
The past doesn’t offer many clues. Only one woman, Carole Simpson, then of ABC News, has moderated a presidential debate — and that was 20 years ago. Two others, PBS’s Judy Woodruff and Gwen Ifill, have moderated vice-presidential debates. But here’s a guess from some people who know something about men, women and conversation: Don’t expect a whole lot of restraint.
“I don’t think the candidates will be more deferential to a woman,” Simpson says. “In fact, they may be tougher.”
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Debate moderators through the years
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As the first presidential debate of the 2012 campaign approaches, here’s a look back at Jim Lehrer and other famous moderators.
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As the first presidential debate of the 2012 campaign approaches, here’s a look back at Jim Lehrer and other famous moderators.
Oct. 2, 2012 University of Denver student Sam Garry sits at the moderator's desk before a presidential debate dress rehearsal at the school. The first presidential debate will be held Wednesday, a little more than one month before Americans head to the polls.Justin Sullivan/Getty Images
Simpson says much has changed since she moderated the 1992 debate among George H.W. Bush, Bill Clinton and Ross Perot.
“There was a time . . . when men were afraid to say certain things to women for fear of being charged with sexual harassment or being rude. They were timid. But today, you can see evidence of a backlash to women’s success in many fields. . . . Men have no hesitation taking on a woman who disagrees with him. They don’t use sexual innuendo as much. They attack verbally. And unfortunately, it seems neither women or men care. What I see now is, ‘Game on.’ ”
Isn’t equality grand?
For the record, Romney campaign spokeswoman Andrea Saul says the candidate “has a great deal of respect for both Candy Crowley and Martha Raddatz as professional journalists.” Obama spokeswoman Stephanie Cutter had a similar take: “I’m pretty certain that gender won’t play a role in any of this.”
Deference (if any) to a female moderator may be less about respect than about votes. With millions of voters, particularly women, tuning in, appearing rude or abrupt to the moderator might be taken as evidence of hostility, a political statement in itself. The stakes may be even more elevated this year by the Democrats’ promotion of the notion that Republicans are waging a “war on women” designed to limit their reproductive rights and choices.
On the other hand, talking over a woman might be viewed as something else: typical male behavior.
Deborah Tannen, a Georgetown linguistics professor who studies conversational dynamics, says studies repeatedly show that men regularly interrupt or cut off women. People noticed Obama’s and Romney’s dismissive treatment of Lehrer in part, she says, because it was unusual; men at such high and visible levels rarely converse like that.
“You might conclude that if a [female] moderator was treated that way, people won’t notice as much,” she says, “because it’s business as usual.”
What’s more, Raddatz and Crowley may fare poorly in viewers’ eyes if they attempt, as Lehrer did, to move the debate along. “Many people feel more negative toward a woman cutting off a speaker than a guy,” Tannen says. “If a woman talks that way, she’s disliked. [People say,] ‘She’s so aggressive, she’s so intrusive.’ ”
This, of course, has not stopped the career ascent of a great number of female interlocutors, including (to name a dozen) Ifill, Woodruff, Barbara Walters, Christiane Amanpour, Cristina Saralegui, Connie Chung, Greta van Susteren, Katie Couric, Diane Sawyer, Diane Rehm, and Crowley and Raddatz. And, oh yeah, Oprah.
The identity of the debate moderator certainly matters to the candidates, says Dee Dee Myers, Clinton’s former press secretary and an adviser on his debate strategy. As part of their preparation, the candidates consider who will be asking the questions and what those questions might be, she said.
A surrogate, playing the role of the moderator in mock debates, tries to ape the questioner’s style, be it Lehrer’s no-nonsense approach or Tom Brokaw’s more folksy tone. “A different person with a different personality could produce a different result,” she said.
Before the 1992 debate, Clinton knew Simpson “a bit” and was comfortable with her, Myers says. Gender dynamics played a small role in the outcome, though not because of Simpson. When a female audience member asked Bush how the recession had affected him personally, he replied in general terms. Clinton, on the other hand, asked the woman if she knew people who’d lost their jobs; she said yes. He then replied: “In my state, when people lose their jobs, there’s a good chance I’ll know them by their names. When the factory closes, I know the people who ran it.”
It demonstrated, Myers says, “differing abilities to connect.”
Rehm, who has hosted a daily interview program on public radio for more than 30 years, says the moderator’s gender won’t matter in the debates.
“I think the questions matter,” she says. “I think who poses them and how they get posed matters. Whether it’s a male or female is the least important part of it.”
Had a woman been in the same situation as Lehrer last week, she says, “the same thing would have happened.”
Rehm says she believes she has been rudely treated by a guest because of her gender only twice in her career. Novelist Tom Clancy gave monosyllabic answers to her questions until a caller berated him on the air for being rude and arrogant to “our Diane.” A recorded interview with Tony Randall in the early 1980s was so demeaning that Rehm declined to put it on the air.
Like Rehm, van Susteren says, Raddatz and Crowley are tough, experienced journalists who won’t back down easily. She regrets, however, that Crowley will moderate a town-hall-style debate, a format in which the moderator directs questions from the audience rather than initiating them.
Simpson said she moderated such a debate in 1992, reducing her “to the lady holding the microphone.”
Van Susteren, a Fox News host, said via e-mail that the format “diminishes a bit [Crowley’s] opportunity to do the questioning. That feels a tad bit like they thought because she is a woman that she could not do the ‘heavy lifting’ of asking all the questions and perhaps she got the ‘girl’s debate’ where others ask questions to ‘help her.’ ”
Van Susteren says that hasn’t been a problem for her. In her years on TV and in 12 years before that as a prosecutor, she says she’s never felt patronized. “The trick? Do your homework.”
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Comments our editors find particularly useful or relevant are displayed in Top Comments, as are comments by users with these badges: . Replies to those posts appear here, as well as posts by staff writers. | 2024-06-15T01:26:19.665474 | https://example.com/article/8814 |
1. Field of the Invention
This invention relates to a lens barrel having a cam member.
2. Description of the Related Art
Heretofore, the zoom lens barrel of the kind called a short zoom lens has been composed of a mount, a fixed tube, a cam tube, a zoom operation ring, etc.
However, the conventional zoom lens barrel of the above-stated kind has necessitated the use of a guide tube which is provided with a guide groove for zoom-moving a lens carrying frame in conjunction with the cam tube. Further, the cam tube and the zoom operation ring have been arranged separately from each other. The conventional arrangement of these parts leaves much room for reduction in manufacturing cost.
Further, it has been necessary for the conventional lens barrel to have a mechanism for adjustment of a flange focal distance (a back focal distance). For example, it is generally practiced to measure the degree of error of the flange focal distance and to insert in between the mount and the fixed tube a washer having a thickness corresponding to the measured degree of error. In accordance with this method, however, it is difficult to continuously vary the degree of adjustment. Besides, the method necessitates the washer to be kept in stock in many different kinds. This has presented an inconvenience with respect to management of parts. | 2024-04-12T01:26:19.665474 | https://example.com/article/4364 |
Stuff
Two new voting intention polls today. The first by Survation for Good Morning Britain had topline figures of CON 48%(+1), LAB 30%(nc), LDEM 8%(+1), UKIP 4%(nc). Clearly there is no substantial change since their poll a week ago. Fieldwork was conducted on Friday and Saturday, after the leak of the Labour manifesto, and doesn’t show any sign of any impact.
The second was the weekly ICM poll for the Guardian. Topline figures there are CON 48%(-1), LAB 28%(+1), LDEM 10%(+1), UKIP 6%(nc). As many have noted, ICM are now are, along with TNS, one of only two pollsters still showing Labour support below thirty points (MORI last poll did the same, but that was several weeks ago when everyone showed Labour that low). It’s not that ICM haven’t shown Labour support rising a little. ICM have been showing Labour recovering slightly, it’s just they’ve been doing so at a slightly lower figures: at the start of the campaign ICM had Labour at 25-26% and they now have them at 27%-28%.
This seems to be a consistent methodological difference. The methodological differences between pollsters are complicated and various, and some of them work in opposite directions (ICM, for example, also reallocate don’t knows in a way that helps Labour) but the most obvious one at the moment is probably the approach to turnout. Traditionally British pollsters have accounted for people’s likelihood to vote by getting respondents to estimate their own likelihood to vote – put crudely, they ask people to say how likely they are to vote on a scale of 0 to 10, and then either weight them accordingly (someone who says they are 8/10 likely to vote is only counted as 8/10ths of someone who says 10/10), or apply a cut off, ignoring people who rate their chances below 5/10 or 9/10 or 10/10. Since 2015 several companies, including YouGov and Ipsos MORI, have also factored in whether people say they have voted in the past, weighting down past non-voters.
ICM and ComRes have adopted new approaches. Rather than basing their turnout model on people’s self-reported likelihood to vote, they base it on their demographics – estimating respondent’s likelihood to vote based on their age and social grade – the assumption being that younger people and working class people will remain less likely than older, more middle class people to vote. This tends to have the effect of making the results substantially more Conservative, less Labour, meaning that ICM and ComRes tend to produce some of the biggest Tory leads.
What are the chances that Tory turnout will be quite low on account of many Tory leaning voters believing it to be in the bag and thus giving Labour an unexpected boost (providing their turnout is high)?
I’m not quite sure I follow the ICM and Comres demographic weighting. We have been led to believe that working class Brexit voters are super motivated to vote Tory in the GE. How would down weighting such voters harm Labour VI?
RAF – I expect it’s more to do with age. The ABC1 vs C2DE divide has faded a bit (though if the matrix breaks it down to AB, C1, C2, DE then DE is still more Labour than other social grades). Young people however are still much more likely to vote Labour than older people.
More to the point, the effect is clear to read from the tables: before turnout weighting it would be CON 45%, LAB 31%. The turnout model then pushes it up to CON 49%, LAB 27%. Finally reallocating don’t knows drags it back to CON 48%, LAB 28%.
Thanks for the explanation of the 8/10th weighting of a vote. Wow, that seems pretty dodgy to me, the cut-off sounds more reasonable, but just a gut feeling. I know from filling in 0-10 type surveys (and seeing the results of others) that I’d put little trust in those values. A scale of 1-5 is just about all the human brain can handle! Translating as “No”, “Probably no”, “Maybe”, “Probably Yes” and “Yes”.
So if adjustments weren’t made the result would be a 4% Tory lead. Maybe the turnout models are wrong & the before weighting figures correct. Everyone is assuming Tory landslide when we could be in touching distance of hung parliament.
I’m interested in that YG regional analysis. As with the Ashcroft poll, the number of respondents in each region was large enough to apply weighting by “regional” demographics.
Was this done – or should we continue to follow Anthony’s advice (even if YG do something very different!) and ignore regional crossbreaks, because the selection of respondents in the various regions is arbitrary, as long as they add up correctly for the (somewhat imaginary) GB polity?
Anthony, regarding the likelihood to vote weighting or cut-off, is any analysis done after an election, to see whether weighting or cut-off tallies more closely to the actual result? And also where the cut-off should come?
Peter – I would think that the only place that turnout will be low is in seats won with a large majority in 2015. I am completely torn in my seat which is now a marginal – I had considered lending my MP my vote as I do not want her to lose her seat but am not sure if I can bring myself to vote for Marxists :)
Peter – I would think that the only place that turnout will be low is in seats won with a large majority in 2015. I am completely torn in my seat which is now a marginal – I had considered lending my MP my vote as I do not want her to lose her seat but am not sure if I can bring myself to vote for Marxists :)
If the current polls were reflected in the final result it would mean the two main parties between them capturing a significantly larger share of the vote than at recent elections.
In 2015, they received a total of 69%. The now polls suggest a joint share of almost 80%.
You have to go back to 1992 to find an election where the total Conservative and Labour share was close to that – the figure was 78%. The last time it was above 80% was 1979.
If the Tories beat 43.9%, it will be the highest percentage they have received since 1970 and if they beat 46.4%, it will be the highest percentage they have received in any General Election since 1959.
Couper means 14% of course which is a simple typo not misreading.
4% would not be touching distance of hung parliament but comfortably in that range.
I am hoping the lead can stay below 15% or a 4% swing to limit the damage.
London may well be smaller swing and Scotland bigger perhaps negating the statistical impact so the rest of E&W.
would be close to the UNS figure.
Labour vote loses in Scotland can only cost one seat, although the Tories may gain some from SNP, while any lower swing in London means more holds. With a tad of incumbency and a little tactical voting in marginals from LDs and Greens I am going for Labour holding 10-15 more than seats UNS projects across GB. Still Cons majority 75-100 and they may well get 5 or so more seats in Scotland
I was, and am, a remainer but I accept that that boat has sailed. For me, the best hope of a benign brexit is a stonking Conservative majority which relieves the pressure on Mrs May to pander to any particular wing of the party. For once, I see the lack of effective opposition as a good thing and I dare say many others will too. In 2022 it will probably be business as usual and manifestos may be important, but until then, there is really only one overriding issue.
I have the same question as the redoubtable OLDNAT at 10.27pm who writes:
“As with the Ashcroft poll, the number of respondents in each region was large enough to apply weighting by “regional” demographics.
Was this done – or should we continue to follow Anthony’s advice (even if YG do something very different!) and ignore regional crossbreaks, because the selection of respondents in the various regions is arbitrary, as long as they add up correctly for the (somewhat imaginary) GB polity?”
COUPER2802s assertion of a ‘Hung Parliament’ based on this raw data is preposterous.
There’s no point in speculating about what would happen if the raw data is right, and all the adjustments are wrong. Scientific analysis tells us that the raw data HAS to be adjusted,
He might as well say that perhaps next time an apple becomes detached from a tree it will fall up instead of down.
These pollsters don’t make it up as they go along. Polls are remarkably accurate. Even the ones famed in recent years for being wrong are not remotely as wrong as the margin of error required to turn this data into a ‘Hung Parliament’.
Furthermore these polls are broadly in line with where you would expect them to be, compared with the Local Election and Metropolitan Mayoral results.
If COUPER2802 seriously believes a Hung Parliament is a likely outcome, he should go to one of the spread betting firms, bet on it at the odds of 20 to 1 available, and get rich.
“The two main parties are expected to spend well over £1m between them during the 2017 general election by exploiting Facebook’s ability to target specific voter groups with tailored messaging.
The rise of Facebook, which now has some 32m accounts in the UK, has empowered campaigners to experiment with video, beyond the strict limits of the traditional televised party election broadcasts. The ability to splice together TV footage and post it to Facebook streams within hours of an event is bringing to Britain elements of the “attack ad” culture previously more prevalent in the US.
In contrast with billboards or TV broadcasts, such campaigning has hitherto been hard to track because of its semi-private nature. Who Targets Me is asking voters to sign up and become part of a nationwide project to map the phenomenon. So far over 4,000 volunteers have signed up across nearly 600 constituencies.”
…
Labour has said it will match the Conservatives on social media spending this year. Robert Blackie, a digital campaign expert who has previously advised the Liberal Democrats, has estimated spending rates on Facebook in this election could already be running at around £140,000 a week. At the last election, Labour only spent £160,000 on social media advertising compared with £1.2m by the Conservatives, according to the Electoral Commission.
…
“Labour is using an in-house system called Promote to target different adverts at different voter groups. It was trialled on Sadiq Khan’s mayoral campaign.
“It is open to local campaign teams so for example if they are vying for a seat served by Southern rail, they can target voters with our message about bringing the railways back into public ownership,” said a Labour source. He added Labour has so far tested 1,200 different iterations of Facebook adverts on voters.
The Liberal Democrats appear to have been more prolific than both of the main parties so far in producing adverts through Facebook with 44 different adverts already tracked by Who Targets Me.”
…
“However, there is yet to be any clear evidence of the kind of microtargetting of individual voters based on sophisticated psychometric profiling of Facebook users, of the kind claimed by companies like Cambridge Analytica, which advised the Leave.EU Brexit campaign.”
In the same way that John Buchan is a long time Tory supporter, though the P&J expose of his online activities may have made his support somewhat embarrassing.
My point, however, was just that the assumptions about Leave/Remain, Yes/No, the CFP etc aren’t as simplistic as many have assumed.
There are complex arguments and counter arguments around the various constitutional issues.
Will it be “a struggle” for Robertson in Moray? I imagine so.
However, SCon need to take a significant number of former SNP votes to unseat him, and it isn’t clear that sufficient in the coastal communities have greater trust in May’s government to protect their interests.
They are (rather vainly) hoping to push the whole issue into the far distant future. Saying that they would “consider” a federal UK, if their Convention came up with that concept, is meaningless verbiage.
It’s a classic example of why Labour is increasingly irrelevant in Scottish politics.
Dis NOP ask the Govanites for their views of the SCon, SLib, or SNP MPs?
I was in SLab at that time, because how else could you realistically hope to provide some limited protection against a Tory Government?
The SNP described SLab MPs as the “Feeble Fifty”, but in reality, they couldn’t do any more in a UK Parliament than the SNP’s 56 can do – or the Irish Nationalists could do in their day – even if the SLab MPs had tried harder than they did..
A protest vote for Sillars in the by election made sense, but so did voting SLab in 1992, in the hope that England would vote Labour.
There are useful pointers from 30 years ago, but I’m not sure that they are useful in describing the demise of 21st century SLab.
When asked how they will vote in their constituency
44% Tory, 42% Labour
WOW…
And the Labour on the ground campaign seems to be far better than the Tories. Are the Tories assuming they have won these seats and they have moved onto higher targets, or are they just slow to get going?
Interesting – but my question about YG’s regional analysis is even stronger in this scenario.
Have the responses been demographically weighted to those constituencies listed, or is it just the collation of the random responses from those who happen to have been selected by YG in those constituencies?
I don’t expect any answer from Anthony btw!
Whether he professionally agrees with these analyses or not, they are good commercial promotions by YG, and a sensible employee would keep his mouth firmly shut.
If only certain Tory candidates would do the same! ie in Wells (which is not to suggest that Anthony has any similarity to that odious individual standing there!) :-)
This forum seems to indicate that from door knocking the possibility of a high Tory turnout and low Labour turnout. There doesn’t seem to be a Corbyn factor in the polling turnout models!
Labour had a really good week, Lots of populist policies, no big gaffs, decent on the Sunday shows ( not that anyone other than us political geeks and party activists actually watch them). The Tory’s survived a major securitry attack on the NHS. That is a pretty major event on two very key policy areas and they seem to have been unscathed… amazing!
Labour’s costings will be pulled apart even if they make a little sense, then in a few days the Tory’s will release a left wing manifesto parrying some of labour’s policies.
Then with 1-2 weeks to go negative stories about Corbyne will start to reduce the Labour turnout even more. I don’t think these will be direct , it will certainly not come out of TM’s mouth. The press will start with the old stuff, then a few news stories then on election week there will be some massive new story. It might not even be true, but it will work.
Even now the Torys are favourite to take Hudersfield, Sedgefield!!, Stockton North. Stockton North is 105 on the Conservative target list! I also think there are still some decent odds in constituencies where there is no Labour incumbant.
OLD NAT.
Good morning to you Headmaster, emeritus. Just before I go to school, and I have not been ‘eased out’ yet, in year 39 of the work in the classroom (DG), i point out that your case of the Syrian minister has been repeated many times, so that leading ministers from different denominations have been denied entry into UK when they travelled for conferences and ordinations.
Off to work now | 2023-11-30T01:26:19.665474 | https://example.com/article/7045 |
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Sam June 26, 2012
Love this place - now yes: it's big cheap and true I have had better for less in Vegas including at the 'big name ' restaurants but this place has a couple of notable points! Great cheese selection - ask for recommendations for something different and you will not be disappointed! Next breakfast - amazing Bloody Mary' s made to your taste right in front of you ; great little jam donuts that taste like the freshly made ones I grew up with in Europe and an amazing selection of sweet and savory choices - crab benedict was amazing! Really great place
James S May 31, 2012
Food and service was good, but to pricey. Sat outside and watched sun set and the show at treasure Island.
JoseCFR August 17, 2011
Food was average and overpriced for service quality.. Not a bad place but nothing special.
Andy January 31, 2011
Ate here last week, food and service was amazing, a bit pricey but worth it.
Ohioan in Vegas July 27, 2010
Service was pretentious, total price unreasonable for quality of dinner. Food was good, but little wow factor overall. Hostesses were useless. There are better choices.
John June 03, 2010
Killer restaurant!!
Anonymous April 09, 2010
Fantastic cuisine and location to match!
TC March 21, 2010
Unreal bloody mary's!!!!!!!!!!
Anna March 01, 2010
Great steak!! Apps were excellent. Highly recommended.
Shelby February 28, 2010
Morels was great!
LilyThePink May 19, 2009
Patio is a great spot for watching Treasure Island show ( from a distance) Restaurant let down by condescending waiter otherwise quite pleasant
Shelano April 26, 2009
Worst service ever. $18 mac and cheese was terrible. Ate brunch there on our last day.
Jim October 25, 2008
Great experience for a late lunch. Try the fondue or the proscuitto flatbread. Both are great. Sit outside for a nice view of the strip. Service was friendly & attentive. Only downside was price. 2 apps. w/ 3 glasses of wine with tip was $100. A little high for lunch. Skip the liquor to keep cost down.
burywhite September 13, 2008
my date and i arrived at morel's a couple minutes prior to our reservation time. we were informed that we would be seated shortly if we'd wait in the lounge. 15 minutes passed and there was no acknowledgement from the hostesses (who were high school age) and there was no maitre'd in sight. i soon noticed that no one was being sat, and that the lounge was filling up quickly. we were offered no drinks, no appetizers, no menu to peruse, nor any apology. after 25 minutes i inquired if there was an ETA. i was given the standard "we're waiting for a table to open up right now" response. no apology, explanation, or anything follows. 40 minutes after our reservation time, we left. angrily and disappointed. if there was some kind of acknowledgement from the hostess/waitstaff/maitre'd, we would have stayed, but obviously, there was none.
luckily i was staying at the palazzo and stopped back by the restaurant around closing time after we ate elsewhere and asked for the manager. i informed him that i've eaten at several fine dining restaurants and have never experienced this type of disregard for a patron's experience and business. he apologized and gave me his card since i'm local and can return whenever, but the overall experience left such a bad taste in my mouth, and with plenty of other choices in the city, i'll not be returning.
Ruthann February 02, 2008
We were very disappointed in our dining experience at Morels on Jan 29, 2008. We arrived early in order to have a glass of wine and take in the ambiance of the restaurant. We were hurried to our table, in a back corner with no view of the restaurant. One of our guests ordered a Bellini and the waiter came back and informed us that the restaurant was out of peach schnapps!! Bellinis are made with champagne and white peach nectar. Anyway, another of our guests orderd Yagermiester and we were informed that they were out of that as well!! The menu was not explained to us and the waiter stood at out table waiting for us to order. We felt rushed and the restaurant was not crowded. The fish was just ok and my husband's steak was OVERDONE and almost inedible. We left without ordering coffee or dessert. This restaurant has serious server issues! We will not go back and discouraged others who were contemplating dining there. | 2023-08-19T01:26:19.665474 | https://example.com/article/2462 |
#ifndef __NULLTERM
#define __NULLTERM
#define __SIZED
#endif
#include "testharness.h"
extern int strcmp(const char*, const char*);
/* run this with COMPATMODE=1 if compiling directly, since neither GCC nor
* MSVCC fully support the C standard */
static char *usageplocal = "Usage";
static char usageescape = 'C';
char *usagep = "Usage non-local";
char *usagep1 = { "Usage in a brace" };
int g = { 6 } ;
char usages[] = ("Usage string");
char strange[] = { "several" };
char *null = (void*)0;
typedef struct s {
char *name;
int data;
} STR;
extern int afunc(int x);
int (*fptr)(int) = afunc;
STR a[] = {
{"first", 0},
{"second", 1},
{& usages[2], 2},
{ & usageescape, 3},
{ usages, 4},
};
typedef struct {
struct {
char * a1[10];
char * a2;
char strbuff[20] __NULLTERM;
} f1;
struct {
int * i1;
} f2[5] __SIZED;
} NESTED;
NESTED glob1;
int glob3;
int * glob2 = & glob3;
int afunc(int a) {
NESTED loc1;
char locbuff[30] __NULLTERM;
char indexbuff[10] __SIZED;
loc1.f1.a2 = glob1.f1.a2;
return * loc1.f2[3].i1 + (locbuff[0] - indexbuff[0]);
}
// now initialization for union
union {
struct {
int a;
int *b;
} u1;
int c;
} uarray[] = { 1, 0, 2, 0, 3, 0 };
// now some examples from the standard
int z[4][3] =
{ { 1 }, { 2 }, { 3 }, { 4 } };
struct str1 { int a[3]; int b;};
struct str1 w[] =
{ { 1 }, { 2 } };
short q[4][3][2] = {
{ 1 } ,
{ 2, 3 },
{ 4, 5, 6}
};
short q1[4][3][2] = {
1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
2, 3, 0, 0, 0, 0,
4, 5, 6, 0, 0, 0,
};
#ifdef _GNUCC
int a1[10] = {
1, 3, 5, 7, 9, [6] = 8, 6, 4, 2};
enum { member_one, member_two, member_three };
char *nm[] = {
[member_two] = "member_two",
[member_three] = "member_three",
};
#endif
#define ERROR(n) { printf("Incorrect init: %d\n", n); exit(1); }
// Test the initialization
int main() {
int i;
char localarrayinit = (("init with " "parens"));
struct str1 astr = w[0];
if(strcmp(a[0].name, "first")) {
ERROR(0);
}
if(sizeof(uarray) / sizeof(uarray[0]) != 3) {
ERROR(1);
}
if(uarray[2].u1.a != 3) {
ERROR(2);
}
if(z[2][0] != 3 ||
z[2][1] != 0) {
ERROR(4);
}
if(sizeof(w) / sizeof(w[0]) != 2 ||
w[1].a[0] != 2) {
ERROR(5);
}
{
short * ps = (short*)q, * ps1 = (short*)q1;
for(i=0;i<sizeof(q) / sizeof(short); i++, ps ++, ps1 ++) {
if(*ps != *ps1) {
ERROR(6);
}
}
}
#ifdef _GNUCC
if(a1[1] != 3 ||
a1[5] != 0 ||
a1[6] != 8 ||
a1[7] != 6) {
ERROR(7);
}
if(strcmp(nm[1], "member_two") ||
strcmp(nm[2], "member_three") ||
sizeof(nm) != 3 * sizeof(nm[0])) {
ERROR(8);
}
#endif
printf("Initialization test succeeded\n");
return 0;
}
| 2024-07-13T01:26:19.665474 | https://example.com/article/8326 |
---
abstract: 'We investigate Maxwell’s attempt to justify the mathematical assumptions behind his 1860 Proposition IV according to which the velocity components of colliding particles follow the normal distribution. Contrary to the commonly held view we find that his molecular collision model plays a crucial role in reaching this conclusion, and that his model assumptions also permit inference to equalization of mean kinetic energies (temperatures), which is what he intended to prove in his discredited and widely ignored Proposition VI. If we take a charitable reading of his own proof of Proposition VI then it was Maxwell, and not Boltzmann, who gave the first proof of a tendency towards equilibrium, a sort of H-theorem. We also call attention to a potential conflation of notions of probabilistic and value independence in relevant prior works of his contemporaries and of his own, and argue that this conflation might have impacted his adoption of the suspect independence assumption of Proposition IV.'
address: 'Institute of Philosophy, Hungarian Academy of Sciences RCH, 4 Tóth Kálmán Str., Budapest, Hungary'
author:
- Balázs Gyenis
title: 'Maxwell and the normal distribution: A colored story of probability, independence, and tendency toward equilibrium'
---
Maxwell ,kinetic theory ,statistical mechanics ,normal distribution ,independence ,H-theorem ,second law of thermodynamics ,condition A
Introduction
============
James Clerk Maxwell’s early work on the kinetic theory of gases was a major step-stone in the introduction of probabilistic methods into physics. Proposition IV of Maxwell’s [-@Maxwell1860a] [*Illustrations of the Dynamical Theory of Gases*]{}, his first derivation of the velocity distribution law, is frequently cited as “one of the most important passages in physics” [@Truesdell1975 34] and as such had been thoroughly investigated in the works of S. G. Brush [-@Brush1958; -@Brush1971; -@Brush1976; -@Brush1983], M. C. Dias [-@Dias1994], C. W. F. Everitt [-@Brush-Everitt-Garber1986b], E. Garber [-@Garber1970], C. C. Gillispie [-@Gillispie1963], P. M. Heimann [-@Heimann1970], T. M. Porter [-@Porter1981], C. Truesdell [-@Truesdell1975], J. Uffink [-@Uffink2007] and other historians of science. Proposition IV shows that, given certain assumptions, the three velocity components of molecules of a box of gas follow the normal distribution and the speed (the magnitude of velocity) follows what nowadays is called the Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution.
This paper provides a new conceptual and historical analysis of Maxwell’s derivation. We make four contributions to the literature. First, the paper sheds new light on the logical structure of Proposition IV and gives the first detailed analysis of how Maxwell attempted to physically justify the three main mathematical assumptions on which it rests. This allows us to show, second, that contrary to the common historical wisdom molecular collisions did play an essential role in establishing the conclusion of Proposition IV: one of its three mathematical assumptions requires a prior lemma showing that collisions among particles of the same mass bring about an equilibrium velocity distribution, and we argue that Maxwell indeed made an attempt to lend credence to such an approach to equilibrium on the basis of his Propositions I–III.
To substantiate this claim we take a look at Maxwell’s remarks preceding Proposition IV as well as at his attempt to arrive at a proof of tendency towards equilibrium in his discredited and widely ignored Proposition VI. We present a surprisingly simple proof of tendency towards equilibrium that rests on Propositions I–III, both in the relevant special case when all particles have the same mass and in the general case when masses differ. Although this proof of equalization of temperatures is interesting in its own right and is not known by experts, we argue that it is not novel since its general case is nothing but a charitable reconstruction of Maxwell’s Proposition VI. Since the charitable reading of Proposition VI provides a proof of tendency towards equilibrium in the general case, and since the special case of this proof is really simple, it is reasonable to assume that Maxwell’s brief remarks preceding Proposition IV are at least partially motivated by this special case. Additionally, if the charitable reading is tenable then Maxwell preceded Ludwig Boltzmann by at least 6 years in providing a mechanical argument for tendency towards equilibrium, and this priority of Maxwell should be more widely recognized.
Fourth, the paper contributes to the scholarly discussion of the crucial and arguably unjustified probabilistic independence assumption of Proposition IV. The conflation of different interpretations of probability have already been pointed out in the literature as a potential source of Maxwell’s mistake in accepting this independence assumption; besides furthering this analysis we also provide a novel interpretation according to which Maxwell, instead of conflating different interpretations of probability, might have conflated different notions of independence. We distinguish two notions – probabilistic independence and value (or parameter) independence –, argue that their difference was not clear in the relevant works of Clausius and Herschel, and point out that in fact Herschel mistakenly emphasized that it is the satisfaction of value independence that is crucial for the proof that Maxwell allegedly have adapted as his Proposition IV. Thus if Maxwell indeed adapted the proof from Herschel’s review article then he also likely to have accepted Herschel’s assessment of the assumption on which “the whole force of the proof turns.” This in turn could explain why Maxwell was content with the physical justification of the independence assumption since value independence of the velocity components would have appeared immediately clear. Although there seems to be no conclusive evidence deciding which of these two conflations were committed by Maxwell (maybe both), we point out that in his prior and contemporaneous work Maxwell means value independence when he is discussing “independence”.
[*Illustrations*]{} locus Content Section(s)
------------------------------- --------------------------------------- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Proposition I–III Analysis of particle collisions; \[sect\_propi-iii\], \[sect\_twonotionsofindependence\], \[sect\_justification\]
[*Condition M*]{} appears as a hidden
assumption of Proposition II.
[*‘If a great many equal*]{} Claim that collisions would lead \[sect\_propvi\], \[sect\_justification\]
[*spherical particles*]{} to a stable kinetic energy (tempe-
[*were in motion \[...\]’*]{} rature) and velocity distribution.
Proposition IV Derivation of velocity distribution. \[sect\_proposition\_iv\], \[sect\_historicaltreatment\], \[sect\_twonotionsofindependence\], \[sect\_justification\]
Proposition V Derivation of relative velocity (\[sect\_proposition\_iv\])
distribution.
Proposition VI Collisions lead to an equalization \[sect\_propvi\], \[sect\_justification\]
of temperatures of a mix of gases.
: Linear structure of the beginning of the [*Illustrations of the Dynamical Theory of Gases ([-@Maxwell1860a])*]{} with the sections where they are analyzed in this paper.
The paper is organized as follows. Section \[sect\_proposition\_iv\] starts with a reconstruction of Maxwell’s proof of Proposition IV and identifies the three mathematical assumptions (of existence, independence, and symmetry) that are required for the proof to work. We work backwards from here, first historically, then conceptually. We recall Maxwell’s own wording of his proof of Proposition IV and contrast it with a proof of Herschel that has been identified by historians as its likely source. Section \[sect\_historicaltreatment\] also briefly reviews the existing historical literature regarding Maxwell’s attempt to justify the mathematical assumptions of Proposition IV. Section \[sect\_propi-iii\] reviews the particle collision model of Maxwell’s Proposition I–III and identifies a crucial assumption (Condition M) that is needed for Proposition II to work. Section \[sect\_propvi\] shows how Proposition I–III and Condition M can be used to argue for the equalization of mean kinetic energies and contrasts the argument with Maxwell’s Proposition VI. Section \[sect\_twonotionsofindependence\] distinguishes between two independence notions and calls attention to the conflation of these two notions in the works of Herschel, Clausius, and Maxwell. Section \[sect\_justification\] puts the pieces back together by analyzing the extent to which the three aforementioned mathematical assumptions of Proposition IV – that of existence (Section \[subsect\_existence\]), independence (Section \[subsect\_independence\]), and symmetry (Section \[subsect\_rotationalsymmetry\]) – could be physically justified by Maxwell’s collision model.
Proposition IV – Maxwell’s derivation {#sect_proposition_iv}
=====================================
As we know from a 1859 letter to George Gabriel Stokes [@Maxwell1859b 277], Maxwell’s interest in the kinetic theory of gases was aroused by the papers of Rudolf Clausius. Clausius was mainly interested in explaining heat in terms of molecular motion, and in his 1857 article he used an elastic sphere model to establish a connection between the average kinetic energy and the pressure of the gas. This treatment met the criticism of a Dutch meteorologist, C. H. D. Buys–Ballot [-@Buys-Ballot1858]: if, as calculations suggest, the molecules of a gas move at speeds of several hundreds meters per second, odors released in one corner of a room should almost instantly be noticed in the other corner. To answer the objection, Clausius [-@Clausius1859] attempted to show that repeated collisions prevent molecules from traveling for great distances in straight lines. These considerations led him to introduce the notion of the mean free path (for further historical details see @Brush-Everitt-Garber1986b). Maxwell developed the approach further in his [*Illustrations of the Dynamical Theory of Gases*]{} [@Maxwell1860a].
The main goal of Herapath, Waterston, Krönig and Clausius was to establish the kinetic theory as a bridge between thermodynamics and atomic theory. However, the focus of the [*Illustrations*]{} is on problems of viscosity, diffusion and heat conduction: Maxwell attempted to treat these as special cases of a general process in which momentum or energy is transported by molecular motion. To investigate these transport properties he relied on results he derived about the velocity distribution of a gas in his Proposition IV.
Proposition IV aims to show that in a box of gas the number of particles whose velocity component in a particular direction lies between $v_x$ and $v_x+dv_x$ is proportional to $e^{-\frac{v_x^2}{a^2}}$ and that the number of particles whose speed lies between $v$ and $v+dv$ is proportional to $v^2 e^{-\frac{v^2}{a^2}}$, where $a$ is a parameter which gets determined later. In essence the proof relies on the fact that the only solution of the functional equation $$\label{functionalequation}
f^2(0) \cdot f(|\vec{v}|) = f(v_x) \cdot f(v_y) \cdot f(v_z)$$ is the Gaussian $$\label{gaussian}
f(v_x) = C \cdot e^{A \cdot v_x^2}.$$ Equation (\[functionalequation\]) arises from three assumptions: that
- a stationary velocity distribution exists;
- the components of velocity in an orthogonal coordinate system are independent;
- the velocity distribution only depends on the magnitude of the velocity.
If we denote the stationary velocity distribution of (A1) with $\mathbf{f}(\vec{v})$ and if by “independence” we mean probabilistic independence (treating the velocity components as random variables) then (A2) translates to $\mathbf{f}(\vec{v}) = \mathbf{f}_x(v_x) \mathbf{f}_y(v_y) \mathbf{f}_z(v_z)$ and (A3) translates to rotational symmetry of $\mathbf{f}$, namely that there exists a function $g$ for which $\mathbf{f}(\vec{v}) = g(|\vec{v}|)$. Noting that $\mathbf{f}_x, \mathbf{f}_y$, and $\mathbf{f}_z$ are distributions it is easy to show that $f \doteq \mathbf{f}_x = \mathbf{f}_y = \mathbf{f}_z$ and that $g(.) = f^2(0) \cdot f(.)$, leading to equation (\[functionalequation\]) . Let us quote Maxwell’s own proof (with a minor change of notation).
> Prop. IV. To find the average number of particles whose velocities lie between given limits, after a great number of collisions among a great number of equal particles.
>
> Let $N$ be the whole number of particles. Let $v_x$, $v_y$, $v_z$ be the components of the velocity of each particle in three rectangular directions, and let the number of particles for which $v_x$ lies between $v_x$ and $v_x+dv_x$, be $N f(v_x) dv_x$, where $f(v_x)$ is a function of $v_x$ to be determined.
>
> The number of particles for which $v_y$ lies between $v_y$ and $v_y+dv_y$ will be $N f(v_y) dv_y$; and the number for which $v_z$ lies between $v_z$ and $v_z + dv_z$ will be $N f(v_z) dv_z$, where $f$ always stands for the same function.
>
> Now the existence of the velocity $v_x$ does not in any way affect that of the velocities $v_y$ or $v_z$, since these are all at right angles to each other and independent, so that the number of particles whose velocity lies between $v_x$ and $v_x+dv_x$, and also between $v_y$ and $v_y+dv_y$, and also between $v_z$ and $v_z+dv_z$, is $$N f(v_x) f(v_y) f(v_z) dv_x dv_y dv_z.$$ If we suppose the $N$ particles to start from the origin at the same instant, then this will be the number in the element of volume $(dv_x dv_y dv_z)$ after unit of time, and the number referred to unit of volume will be $$N f(v_x) f(v_y) f(v_z).$$ But the directions of the coordinates are perfectly arbitrary, and therefore this number must depend on the distance from the origin alone, that is $$f(v_x) f(v_y) f(v_z) = \phi (v_x^2 + v_y^2 + v_z^2).$$ Solving this functional equation, we find $$f(v_x)=C e^{A v_x^2}, \quad \phi(v^2) = C^3 e^{A v^2}.$$ [@Maxwell1860a 289-290]
By applying the fact that the total number of particles is finite and fixing the constants, $f(v_x)$ turns out to be the normal distribution, $\frac{1}{a \sqrt{\pi}} e^{-\frac{v_x^2}{a^2}}$. Thus, Maxwell concludes, the number of particles whose velocity in a given direction lies between $v_x$ and $v_x+dv_x$ is $$\label{xesdxkozott}
dN_{v_x}^{v_x+dv_x} = N \frac{1}{a \sqrt{\pi}} e^{-\frac{v_x^2}{a^2}} dv_x$$ and the number whose speed lies between $v$ and $v+dv$ is $$\label{vesdvkozott}
dN_v^{v+dv} = N \frac{4}{a^3 \sqrt{\pi}} v^2 e^{-\frac{v^2}{a^2}} dv.$$
According to Proposition V we can obtain similar results for the distribution of relative velocities of pairs of randomly chosen particles: the components of relative velocities also follow the normal distribution. Proposition VI intends to show that collisions lead to the equalization of the mean kinetic energies of systems of particles of different masses. From these results, mean values of various functions of velocities used in determining the viscosity and diffusion coefficients could be expressed in terms of $a$, the standard deviation of the velocities. But it’s not just the derivation of mean values that had significance, for many physical properties of gases depend on the actual distribution of molecular velocity. Although the qualitative idea that even at constant temperature different molecules have different velocities was often assumed in verbal formulations – e.g. in Clausius’ [-@Clausius1857 113-116] explanation of evaporation – equations (\[xesdxkozott\]) and (\[vesdvkozott\]) are the first quantitative, experimentally verifiable results of the kinetic theory of heat.
Proposition IV – historical treatment {#sect_historicaltreatment}
=====================================
On the basis of indirect evidence, several authors [@Gillispie1963; @Brush-Everitt-Garber1986b] have suggested that Maxwell simply adapted the derivation of Proposition IV from a work in statistics, most probably relying on a July 1850 [*Edinburgh Review*]{} article by Sir William Herschel on Quetelet’s collection of essays on probability [@Herschel1850]. The review was also reprinted in Herschel’s [*Essays*]{} in 1857, and we know from an early 1858 letter [@Campbell-Garnett1882 301-302] that Maxwell read and “liked” these essays.
In this 57 pages long, typical Victorian-style review, Herschel first gives his own analysis of the subject and praises Quetelet’s work on the derivation of the law of least squares. But, to make the subject more palpable to non-mathematical readers, Herschel comes up with a new, “simple, general, and perfectly elementary proof of the principle in question," based on the following three assumptions:
> We set out from three postulates. 1st, that the probability of a compound event, or of the concurrence of two or more independent simple events, is the product of the probabilities of its constituents considered singly; 2nd, that there exists a relation or numerical law of connexion (at present unknown) between the amount of error committed in any numerical determination and the probability of committing it, such that the greater the error the less its probability, according to some regular LAW of progression, [*which must necessarily be general and apply alike to all cases, since the causes of error are supposed alike unknown in all;*]{} and it is on this ignorance, and not upon any peculiarity on cases, that the idea of probability in the abstract is founded; 3dly, that errors are equally probable if equal in numerical amount, whether in excess, or in defect of, or in any way beside the truth. This latter postulate necessitates our assuming the function of probability to be what is called in mathematical language [*an even function,*]{} or a function of the square of the error, so as to be alike for positive and negative values; and the postulate itself is nothing more than the expression of our state of [*complete*]{} ignorance of the causes of error, and their mode of action. [@Herschel1850 19-20]
In the course of the derivation Herschel adds that the independence assumption applies to deviations in a rectangular direction: “the observed oblique deviation is equivalent to the two rectangular ones, supposed concurrent, and which are essentially independent from one another" [@Herschel1850 20]. Together with this later addition Herschel’s three main assumptions – existence of a distribution of deviations, probabilistic independence of the deviations in a rectangular direction, and spherical symmetry of the distribution – are similar to those of Maxwell. Herschel’s derivation of the functional form, albeit in a verbalized form, proceeds in the same way as Maxwell’s, the main difference being that Herschel considers two rather than three dimensions and that he shows no interest in calculating the distribution of the magnitude of the errors.
Even if Maxwell adopted Herschel’s derivation it is natural to ask whether Maxwell tried to justify the mathematical assumptions of Proposition IV. According to Maxwell the conclusion of Proposition IV is intended to apply “after a great number of collisions among a great number of equal particles” takes place. Proposition IV of the [*Illustrations*]{} is preceded by three other propositions that describe the nature and effects of particle collisions. Yet we find that the historical literature pays very little to no attention to these prior findings of Maxwell; we typically find half-sentence-remarks about the role Propositions I–III played in the argumentation, with as many different half-sentence-remarks as there are historians making them.
The only pertaining remark @Porter1981 [98-99] – who explicitly deals with the history of statistics and probability theory that lies in the background of Proposition IV – makes is that Maxwell’s “kinetic gas model \[...\] was subject to a nearly infinite number of minute causes of deviation, and it displayed perfect statistical regularity,” and this somehow “led Maxwell to the insight that the distribution of molecular velocities probably conformed to \[the error\] curve.” It is rather unclear from this remark how Maxwell is supposed to have been led to his insight or even just what the insight of Maxwell was; understood strictly Porter’s description is misleading since Maxwell did not make a probabilistic statement about the conformity of the actual velocity distribution to the normal distribution.
@Truesdell1975 [34] mentions that Maxwell’s work “begins \[...\] with consideration of the impact of two spheres" but he doesn’t attribute any importance to this part of Maxwell’s paper.
Other historians generally assume that Maxwell’s analysis of molecular collisions has something to do with underpinning Proposition IV, but we find no clear consensus about the motivations. The longest treatment, referred to by many subsequent historical articles, comes from @Brush1958 [243-244] (repeated almost verbatim in @Brush1976 [185-186]) whose length still permits it to be quoted in full:
> \[Maxwell\] began by pointing out that, if two elastic spheres collide, all directions of rebound are equally likely. He apparently believed that this fact would ensure, not only that all directions of motion were equally probable in the gas, but also that the probability distribution for each component of the velocity was independent of the values of other components.
In other words Brush suggests that Maxwell’s analysis of particle collisions was aimed at justifying the probabilistic independence assumption (A2) and the rotational symmetry assumption (A3) but he provides no details about how Maxwell’s justification is supposed to have proceeded. It is also not clear what Brush means by “pointing out”; as we will see later in this respect @Heimann1970 [194] is slightly more accurate when he says in his half sentence remark that “Maxwell assumed that all motions \[of the particles\] were equally probable” (although, as we will see, Maxwell’s [*assumptions*]{} only [*implied*]{} that after rebound all [*directions*]{} of motion are equally probable).
According to @Brush-Everitt-Garber1986b [7] Maxwell claimed that “when a moving sphere collides with with another fixed sphere randomly placed in its path, the direction in which it rebounds is distributed with equal probability over each element of solid angle” (this is incorrect since Maxwell did not assume any of the particles to be fixed), and they further state – without providing any further details or evidence – that Maxwell used this claim to argue that “the distribution law has an explicit functional form”.
@Uffink2007 [944] mentions en passant that Maxwell realized that the “velocities \[of the particles\] will suffer incessant change due to mutual collisions” but he implies that Maxwell’s reference to collisions is, with Maxwell’s own remark made 20 years later about certain derivations in the works of others, “rather for the sake of enabling the reader to form a mental image of the material system than as a condition for the demonstration” (ibid. p. 948). Uffink also emphasizes that the assumptions of Maxwell’s Proposition IV, despite appearances and in contrast to Maxwell’s subsequent proof of 1867, “do not refer to collisions at all” (ibid. p. 948; see also his contrast with Maxwell’s 1867 proof on ibid. p. 950).
@Dias1994 is the only exception in giving an extensive treatment of Maxwell’s collision model but the focus of the paper is on exploring the connections between Maxwell’s Proposition II and later debates of the 1890s on the Stosszahlansatz; Dias does not address what role, if any, Maxwell’s collision model played in justifying the assumptions of Proposition IV.
The scant attention paid to the justification question may stem from historians unanimously following Brush’s [-@Brush1958] reconstruction of Proposition IV as a proof resting on [*two*]{} assumptions, that of probabilistic independence (A2) and of rotational symmetry (A3), and they are at best only tacit about the need for a third assumption (A1) that a stationary velocity distribution exists (see i.e. @Brush1976 [185-186, 342-343], @Heimann1970 [194], @Porter1981 [98], @Uffink2007 [945]). They do so despite acknowledging the analogy with Herschel’s derivation pointed out by Gillispie, five years after Brush’s [-@Brush1958] reconstruction, in [-@Gillispie1963]. As we have seen Hershel explicitly emphasized a third assumption, that there must “exists a relation or numerical \[...\] regular LAW of progression, [*which must necessarily be general and apply alike to all cases*]{}” [@Herschel1850 19-20; emphasis in original], which adapted to the kinetic theory translates as the assumption of the existence of a stationary velocity distribution, our (A1). By only explicitly acknowledging two assumptions instead of three the natural guess might have been that what Maxwell tried to do with his collision model was to physically justify one or both of these two assumptions. Since without a detailed analysis of Maxwell’s collision model only superficial analogies are apparent between Maxwell’s prior results and assumptions (A2)–(A3) these prior results of Maxwell were supposedly aimed at justifying, and since Maxwell himself later abandoned the independence assumption (A2) describing it as being “precarious” [@Maxwell1867 437], it could have been tempting to glance over the opening part of Maxwell’s paper as being non-consequential to the argument presented in Proposition IV.
We are going to argue that the most plausible role the collision model played in Maxwell’s thinking is in justifying assumption (A1), although our analysis of Maxwell’s collision model also sheds light on the extent to which his prior results are capable to support assumptions (A2) and (A3) beyond the superficial analogies. To do this we start with a brief reconstruction of his Propositions I–III.
Propositions I–III and Condition M – particle collisions {#sect_propi-iii}
========================================================
In the beginning of the first chapter, “On the Motion and Collision of Perfectly Elastic Spheres,” Maxwell presents us with three Propositions concerning the interaction of particles. Proposition I and Proposition III are straightforward exercises in Newtonian mechanics that establish the motion of two particles – modeled by perfectly elastic spheres of non-zero radii $s$, $S$ and of mass $m$, $M$ – after they collide. It is assumed that the particles do not interact aside such pairwise collisions. In modern notation Maxwell calculates the encounter operator $(\vec{v}, \vec{V}, \rho) \mapsto (\vec{v}\V, \vec{V}')$ where $\vec{v}, \vec{V}$ are the velocities of the particles before the impact, $\vec{v}\V, \vec{V}'$ are the velocities after impact, and $\rho$ is a further parameter describing the impact in the following way. Let $\vec{r} = \vec{v} - \vec{v}_{CM}$ be the velocity of the first particle relative to the velocity of the center of mass $\vec{v}_{CM} = \frac{1}{m+M} (m \vec{v} + M \vec{V})$ before impact and let $C$ be a circle of radius $s+S$ that lies in the plane perpendicular to $\vec{r}$, $C$ being centered on the center of the second particle. For a collision to take place the line of motion of the first particle needs to intersect $C$; $\rho$ is the position of this intersection within $C$. (See Figure \[propiifigure\].)
![$\vec{r}, \vec{R}$: velocities relative to the center of mass. $C$: circle of radii $s+S$ centered on the second particle in the plane perpendicular to $\vec{r}$. $\rho$: point where the line of motion of the first particle intersects circle $C$.[]{data-label="propiifigure"}](figure1.png){height="4.5cm"}
Due to conservation of momentum the collision does not affect the velocity of the center of mass: $\vec{v}\V_{CM} = \vec{v}_{CM}$. Maxwell shows that a perfectly elastic collision alters the direction of the relative velocity but it keeps its magnitude intact: $$\label{eq_r_is_unchanging}
\vec{r}\V = r \cdot \vec{u}(\rho),$$ and therefore the velocity after impact can be expressed as $$\label{velocityafterimpact}
\vec{v}\V = \vec{v}_{CM} + r \cdot \vec{u}(\rho),$$ where $r = |\vec{r}|$ and $\vec{u}(\rho)$ is a direction of unit length depending on the position $\rho$ within the circle $C$. (Mutatis mutandis for the $\vec{R} = \vec{V} - \vec{v}_{CM}$ velocity of the second particle relative to the center of mass.)
Maxwell also claims to have proven that whenever a collision takes place all directions of rebound are equally likely in the center of mass frame. What his Proposition II actually shows is that if the assumption that
Condition M
: the impact parameter $\rho$ is distributed uniformly within the circle $C$
holds then
Condition A
: the $\vec{u}(\rho)$ directions of rebound relative to the center of mass are distributed uniformly on the surface of the unit sphere.
The name Condition A is due to S. H. Burbury [-@Burbury1894a] who invoked it in a debate on the pages of [*Nature*]{} with G. H. Bryan about Boltzmann’s H-theorem. Condition M is the terminology we introduce here to distinguish Condition A from the assumption Maxwell actually made during the proof of Proposition II. Since in Maxwell’s particle model Condition M and Condition A imply each other they tend to be identified (for such an exchange of conditions see i.e. @Dias1994 [347]). Maxwell himself neither emphasizes nor attempts to justify Condition M; he merely asserts that “within this circle \[$C$\] every position \[$\rho$\] is equally probable” [@Maxwell1860a 288], and in the coming years he keeps referring to the conclusion of Proposition II as if it were unconditional (see e.g. @Maxwell1863 [339]; for a further analysis of Condition A and the [*Nature*]{} debate see @Dias1994).
The conclusion drawn from Propositions I–III is that the $\vec{v}\V$ velocity of a particle after impact consists of two components: the first is the $\vec{v}_{CM}$ velocity of the center of mass, which is determined by the $\vec{v}$ and $\vec{V}$ incoming velocities, and the second is the $\vec{r}\V$ velocity relative to the center of mass, whose magnitude is determined by the incoming velocities, but whose direction is not determined by the incoming velocities, but may with equal probability be in any direction.
Proposition VI – tendency towards equilibrium {#sect_propvi}
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After being done with Propositions I–III, but before turning his attention to Proposition IV, Maxwell makes the following remark about the effect of many collisions:
> If a great many equal spherical particles were in motion in a perfectly elastic vessel, collisions would take place among the particles, and their velocities would be altered at every collision; so that after a certain time the [*vis viva*]{} will be divided among the particles according to some regular law, the average number of particles whose velocity lies between certain limits being ascertainable, though the velocity of each particle changes at every collision. [@Maxwell1860a 289]
Thus Maxwell claims that after sufficient number of collisions the kinetic energies become distributed along a non-changing distribution. This implies that some sort of process that brings about this distribution of kinetic energies takes place, apparently due to the collisions these particles go through.
On the surface of it Maxwell’s remark strikes as an expression of hope rather than an argument. Is there any evidence that Maxwell had good reasons to hold that Propositions I–III are capable of supporting a claim about tendency towards equilibrium? The answer is affirmative, and this becomes clear if we jump ahead to Proposition VI in which Maxwell argues that when two gases mix their temperatures equalizes. This argument is unknown in the historical and in the physics literature and since besides being relevant to the question of justification of an assumption of Proposition IV it is also interesting and historically significant on its own right, we now briefly reconstruct it.
The reconstructed argument for tendency towards equilibrium {#subsect_propvi_reconstructed}
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When two particles, modeled as perfectly elastic spheres of mass $m$ and $M$, collide the difference between their kinetic energies after the collision can be readily expressed as a function of the difference between their kinetic energies before the collision: $$\label{eq_differenceofkineticenergiesafterrebound}
\left( \frac{m v\V^2}{2} - \frac{M V\V^2}{2} \right) = C_0 \cdot \left( \frac{m v^2}{2} - \frac{M V^2}{2} \right) + C_1 \cdot \cos \alpha + C_2 \cdot \cos \gamma,$$ where $\alpha$ is the angle enclosed by the incoming velocities whose magnitude is $v$ and $V$ and $\gamma$ is the angle enclosed by the velocity of the center of mass $\vec{v}_{CM}$ with the relative rebound velocity $\vec{r}\V$ (see Figure \[propvifigure\]; for calculation of the coefficients see the Appendix). Propositions I–III together with Condition M entail that $\vec{r}\V$ may point to all directions with equal probability, which means there is an equal chance that the angle of rebound $\gamma$ falls between $\bar{\gamma}$ and $\bar{\gamma} + d\bar{\gamma}$ or between $180^o - \bar{\gamma}$ and $180^o - \bar{\gamma} - d\bar{\gamma}$.
![$\vec{v}, \vec{V}$: incoming velocities; $\vec{v}_{CM}$: velocity of center of mass; $\vec{r} = \vec{v} - \vec{v}_{CM}$: velocity of the first particle relative to the center of mass; $\vec{v}\V$: velocity of the first particle after rebound; $\alpha = \angle (\vec{v},\vec{V})$: angle between incoming velocities; $\gamma = \angle (\vec{r}\V,\vec{v}_{CM})$: angle of rebound.[]{data-label="propvifigure"}](figure2.png){height="4.5cm"}
Consider now collisions between many particles during a time interval $\Delta t$, and let us write $(k,l) \in I_{v,V}^{\alpha}$ whenever $k$ is a particle of mass $m$, $l$ is a particle of mass $M$, and $k$ and $l$ collide during $\Delta t$ with respective incoming speeds $v$, $V$ and angle of income $\alpha$. We assume that $\Delta t$ is long enough for $|I_{v,V}^{\alpha}|$ to be large but short enough to allow for at most one collision for each particle. Let us sum up equations (\[eq\_differenceofkineticenergiesafterrebound\]) for all collision pairs in $I_{v,V}^{\alpha}$ by assuming that Condition M holds for all these particle collisions independently. Since then all directions of rebound occur with equal frequency and since $C_2$ only depends on $m, M, v, V$, and $\alpha$ which are now all fixed, the $C_2 \cdot \cos \gamma$ terms approximately cancel and we get $$\sum_{(k,l) \in I_{v,V}^{\alpha}} \left( \frac{m v_k'^2}{2} - \frac{M V_l'^2}{2} \right) \approx C_0 \cdot |I_{v,V}^{\alpha}| \cdot \left( \frac{m v^2}{2} - \frac{M V^2}{2} \right) + C_1 \cdot |I_{v,V}^{\alpha}| \cdot \cos \alpha .$$
Let us further assume that all directions of incoming velocities for the colliding particles occur with approximately equal frequency – an assumption that Maxwell took for granted in his later derivations, i.e. in @Maxwell1867 – and that the number of collisions is independent of the enclosed angle of income (that $|I_{v,V}^{\alpha}|$ is the same for all $\alpha$, or at least that $|I_{v,V}^{\alpha}| = |I_{v,V}^{-\alpha}|$ for all $\alpha$ given a fixed $v$ and $V$) and sum up for all possible angles of income. Since $C_1$ only depends on $m, M, v$, and $V$ which are now all fixed, the $C_1 \cdot |I_{v,V}^{\alpha}| \cdot \cos \alpha$ terms approximately cancel and we get $$\sum_{\alpha} \sum_{(k,l) \in I_{v,V}^{\alpha}} \left( \frac{m v_k'^2}{2} - \frac{M V_l'^2}{2} \right) \approx C_0 \cdot \sum_{\alpha} |I_{v,V}^{\alpha}| \cdot \left( \frac{m v^2}{2} - \frac{M V^2}{2} \right) .$$ By further summing up for all possible magnitudes of incoming velocities $v, V$ on both sides of the equation we account for all collisions between particles of mass $m$ and $M$ during $\Delta t$ exactly once, so a division with the total number of such collisions and substituting for $C_0$ yields $$\label{eq_kineticenergydifferencedecreases}
\widehat{\frac{m v'^2}{2}} - \widehat{\frac{M V'^2}{2}} \approx \left(\frac{m - M}{m+M}\right)^2 \cdot \left( \widehat{\frac{m v^2}{2}} - \widehat{\frac{M V^2}{2}} \right),$$ meaning that the difference between the mean kinetic energies of the colliding particles decrease after the collisions!
Any change in the difference between the mean kinetic energies (between the temperatures) of [*all*]{} $m$-particles and of [*all*]{} $M$-particles during $\Delta t$ is due to collisions between particles of different mass (expressed by equation (\[eq\_kineticenergydifferencedecreases\])) since the total kinetic energy of particles which do not collide and the total kinetic energy of those particles that collide with another particle of the same mass does not change during $\Delta t$. If the particles that undergo collision during $\Delta t$ are randomly drawn from the set of all particles then the larger the initial temperature difference between $m$-particles and $M$-particles the larger the chance that the drawn $I_{v,V}^{\alpha}$ samples of colliding pairs also exhibit a mean kinetic energy difference of the same sign. If the sign is the same then since due to (\[eq\_kineticenergydifferencedecreases\]) the mean kinetic energy difference between the colliding pairs decreases during $\Delta t$ it follows that the temperature difference of all $m$-particles and $M$-particles also decreases. (If the sign is different then the temperature difference between the gases [*increases*]{}, underlining that the present argument for tendency towards equilibrium is statistical.) By repeating the argument for successive $\Delta t$ time intervals it follows that the difference between temperatures of $m$-particles and $M$-particles tends to vanish. When the temperature difference vanishes or becomes small the collisions continue to produce small temperature fluctuations (due to the mean kinetic energy differences that may still occur in the random sample of colliding particle pairs).
Note that the proof becomes extremely simple when we mix gases of different temperature whose particles have the same mass. In this case equation (\[eq\_differenceofkineticenergiesafterrebound\]) simplifies to $$\label{eq_differenceofkineticenergiesafterreboundsimplified}
\left( \frac{m v\V^2}{2} - \frac{m V\V^2}{2} \right) = C_2 \cdot \cos \gamma$$ and one only needs to invoke the first cancellation argument provided by Condition M to conclude that the temperature difference decreases as collisions take place. What we thus have is a simple, elegant, and elementary mechanical argument for a statistical tendency towards equilibrium that is based on the assumptions that
- particles can be modeled as perfectly elastic spheres,
- the number, size, speed etc. of these particles is such that the time evolution can be split into successive time intervals during which each particle has an approximately equal independent chance to participate in at most one, pairwise collision, and
- in this interval all directions of rebound occur with approximately the same relative frequency (that for any pair of incoming velocity and for the colliding particle pairs that have these incoming velocities the relative frequency of the impact parameter is roughly the same for all positions on the collision circle).
Although we know well from later developments that assumptions (ii) and (iii) are difficult to square with the strict dynamical evolution entailed by (i), its simplicity and its geometrically intuitive probabilistic assumptions could very well allow the argument to fit in an undergraduate course on classical mechanics.
Proposition VI in the light of the reconstruction {#subsect_propvi_real}
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How can it be that this simple argument for tendency towards thermal equilibrium is unknown by historians and physics educators alike? The conclusion that collisions bring about an equalization of temperatures is what Maxwell draws in his Proposition VI after he derives a formula he interprets as (\[eq\_kineticenergydifferencedecreases\]) by invoking his earlier results about collisions. Prima facie, however, Maxwell’s proof seems rather baffling. What he seems to have calculated in his Proposition VI is the difference of kinetic energies of particles of mass $m$ and $M$ after they collide in a specially arranged manner where (using the notation of the previous subsection)
- $\gamma = 90^o$,
- $\alpha = 90^o$,
- $v = \widehat{v}$, $V = \widehat{V}$.
By substituting assumptions (p1)-(p3) to equation (\[eq\_differenceofkineticenergiesafterrebound\]) one gets $$\label{eq_Maxwellreally}
\frac{m \widehat{v}'^2}{2} - \frac{M \widehat{V}'^2}{2} = \frac{(m - M)^2}{(m + M)^2} \left( \frac{m \widehat{v}^2}{2} - \frac{M \widehat{V}^2}{2} \right),$$ which is the equation that Maxwell’s own derivation would have really established. Maxwell curiously assumes that $\widehat{v}\V = \widehat{v\V}$ and he also interprets (\[eq\_Maxwellreally\]) as if he had just derived (\[eq\_kineticenergydifferencedecreases\]) and proceeds to draw the conclusion about the long term equalization of mean kinetic energies on the basis of it.
Thus the calculations of Proposition VI make Maxwell’s argument seem to be dependent on a particular arrangement of incoming velocities and rebound angle of a pair of particles, and it seems entirely unclear how he thought that an argument about a particular collision of a pair of particles could allow for a valid inference about averages over all collisions, or how the magnitude of velocity after impact that initially equals the mean velocity could be substituted for the mean of velocities after impact, or how the kinetic energy calculated from a mean velocity could be substituted for a mean kinetic energy. On this basis Maxwell’s proof, if mentioned at all, is dismissed in the historical literature as a “rather lame argument” and the few historians who do devote more than a footnote to it find it “amazing” that the otherwise brilliant Maxwell or “any of his contemporaries who bothered to examine the argument in detail would have accepted it” [@Brush1976 344].
In the light of the simple argument for equalization of kinetic energies we outlined in the previous subsection – an argument that rest purely on Maxwell’s Propositions I–III and invokes the same sort of calculations that Maxwell performs during his proof of Proposition VI – it seems plausible that Maxwell was being too terse instead of lame. It is clear from the geometry of collisions and from the argument we gave above that for equation (\[eq\_differenceofkineticenergiesafterrebound\]) averaging over all directions of rebound yields the same result as making assumption (p1), as a result of which the third term cancels. This then justifies focusing on collisions with perpendicular rebound angle as being sufficiently typical for the purposes of the proof. It is also geometrically clear that averaging over all directions of incoming velocities yield the same result as making assumption (p2), as a result of which the second term cancels. This then would justify focusing on collisions with perpendicular income angle as being sufficiently typical for the purposes of the proof.
Propositions I–III motivates assumption (p1) but assumption (p2) is in need of justification. Instead of invoking a further assumption that all directions of incoming velocities are equally likely (like we did above, and as Maxwell did in his later works), Maxwell sets the magnitude of the incoming velocities $v$, $V$ to equal their mean values given by Proposition IV (assumption (p3)), and he further assumes (p4) that the magnitude of the relative velocity $|\vec{v} -\vec{V}|$ equals its mean value given by Proposition V. Since Proposition V shows that the square of the mean relative velocity equals the sum of squares of the mean velocities, and therefore that the two incoming velocities must be perpendicular, (p3) and (p4) entail (p2). Assumptions (p3) and (p4) are also assumptions about typical velocities, but they are not appropriate for the purposes of the proof. Albeit the proof that proceeds directly along (p3) and (p4) is clearly suspect, (p3) and (p4) might have been intended as mere short-cut for a more detailed argument that rests on an averaging procedure over the incoming velocities, along the lines we sketched above.
Albeit this reconstruction still renders the proof of Proposition VI messy and misleading, it allows us to see the arrangement choices Maxwell makes during his derivation as geometrically intuitive shortcuts to an averaging procedure that rests on an application of the results of his Propositions I–III. If we make the charitable assumption that Maxwell simply didn’t properly clean up his proof, as opposed to making assumptions whose fallaciousness should have been obvious, then his reconstructed Proposition VI becomes a convincing demonstration of a tendency towards equilibrium that lives up to the standards of its own time. Although the proof does depend on unjustified probabilistic assumptions such as Condition M, in this regard it does not fare worse than Boltzmann’s later attempts (starting with @Boltzmann1868) to arrive at his celebrated H-theorem, and thus it should reclaim its historical precedence over Boltzmann’s demonstrations as being the first good “bad” mechanical proof of tendency towards equilibrium.
The only historical side-remark I’m aware of that also suggests a direct connection between Maxwell’s Propositions I–III and Boltzmann’s H-theorem is a side remark of @Dias1994 [347] who says that
> Maxwell (1860) invoked Proposition II to show how collisions randomized the directions of motion of the molecules, bringing about isotropy of pressure, as demanded by the equation of state for perfect gases. In this use, Proposition II becomes a kind of “proof” of how equilibrium of pressure (transmission of linear momentum) sets in, and thus is, metaphorically speaking, a sort of H-Theorem.
Although the connection between Proposition II and the randomization of direction of motions of molecules is clear, I find no evidence for Dias’ claim that Maxwell made any use of Proposition II to argue for the onset of the isotropy of pressure (Dias provides none). From Dias’ reference to linear momentum I suspect that his remark was based on a misinterpretation of what Proposition VI aimed to show.
Maxwell never seem to have revisited Proposition VI. Around 1863 he became dissatisfied with Clausius’ mean free path method and started to develop a theory valid for any kind of force laws acting between particles, which he came to treat as centers of force rather than colliding spheres with determinate radii. With his new approach serious problems emerge concerning Proposition I and III: as Maxwell’s [-@Maxwell1867] calculations show, the motion of particles subject to a never-vanishing repulsive force law in general depends on their incoming relative velocity, so the angle of rebound also depends on this incoming relative velocity. Although in his [*On the Dynamical Theory of Gases*]{} [-@Maxwell1867] he chooses a particular inverse $5$th-power force law for which the angle of reflection is independent of the incoming relative velocity, this choice is poorly motivated and gets abandoned later. His writings after 1867 indicate that he grew skeptical of the possibility of justifying the Second Law on a mechanical basis [@Uffink2007 951–952].
Value vs. probabilistic independence {#sect_twonotionsofindependence}
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Before analyzing the extent to which Proposition I–III, Condition M, and the argument for an approach to equilibrium can be used to justify the mathematical assumptions of Proposition IV it is worthwhile to take a look at how Maxwell, Herschel, and Clausius understood what these mathematical assumptions, in particular the independence assumption (A2), amounted to.
Let us start with Herschel’s understanding of the independence assumption of his own proof. We note first that there is a small but important difference between Herschel’s original [-@Herschel1850] review article and its [-@Herschel1857] reprint, which is the version that Maxwell have likely read. In a footnote added to the [-@Herschel1857] reprint Herschel attempts to clarify what he means by independence of the deviations of errors in different directions and emphasizes the importance of this independence assumption:
> That is, [*the increase or diminution \[of the deviation\] in one or \[sic!\] which may take place without increasing or diminishing the other.*]{} On this, the whole force of the proof turns. [@Herschel1857 400], [@Brush-Everitt-Garber1986b 11].
Although Maxwell’s likely adaptation of Herschel’s derivation became common wisdom in the historical literature, so far it has gone unnoticed by historians that in the quoted emphatic footnote Herschel actually mischaracterizes the crucial necessary independence assumption of the derivation. A mathematically correct derivation requires [*probabilistic independence*]{} of deviations in rectangular directions; according to Herschel, however, the whole force of the proof turns on the assumption that a deviation in one direction does not impose a restriction on the values a deviation in another direction may take, which is not the same as probabilistic independence of the deviations.
Let us briefly distinguish these notions of independence. Let $\xi$ and $\upsilon$ denote physical quantities (i.e. velocity components) that can take values in the set $X$ and $Y$ respectively. Suppose that we may not know what other quantities serve as inputs that determine the momentary values of $\xi$ and $\upsilon$, but let us assume that we might know about certain constraints that connect the values $\xi$ and $\upsilon$ can take in the following way. Let $d: X \rightarrow {\cal P}(Y)$ assign to each value $x \in X$ the set of values $d(x) \subseteq Y$ that variable $\upsilon$ may take if we condition upon $\xi$ taking the value $\xi = x$. If $d$ is single valued for all $x \in X$ then if $\xi$ takes a value $x$ then $\upsilon$ must take the only possible value in $d(x)$: we may thus say that [*$\xi$ value determines $\upsilon$*]{}. If $d(x)$ has more than one element for at least one $x \in X$ then [*$\upsilon$ is partially value independent from $\xi$*]{}: for some value variable $\xi$ may take there are several possibilities that $\upsilon$ may take that are not determined by the value of $\xi$. If $d(x) = Y$ for all $x\in X$ then [*$\upsilon$ is value independent from $\xi$*]{}: no matter what value variable $\xi$ takes that does not influence the possible values $\upsilon$ may take. Finally when $\xi$ and $\upsilon$ are random variables then [*$\upsilon$ is probabilistically independent from $\xi$*]{} if for all $x,y$: $Pr(\xi \leq x \wedge \upsilon \leq y) = Pr(\xi \leq x) \cdot Pr(\upsilon \leq y)$, or, alternatively, when $g_{\xi,\upsilon}(x,y) = g_{\xi}(x)g_{\upsilon}(y)$ for the respective density functions.
These independence notions are not equivalent with each other. Value independence does not imply probabilistic independence: indeed the domains of two value independent variables do not even need to be endowed with a probability measure. Probabilistic independence also does not imply value independence: a value $x$ of $\xi$ may prevent $\upsilon$ taking a value $y$ without ruining probabilistic independence of $\xi$ and $\upsilon$ if the probability of the occurrence of $x$ and $y$ is zero. Value independence is symmetric, and value independent variables are also partially value independent but the converse is not the case.
It is clear both from Herschel’s derivation and from Maxwell’s proof of Proposition IV that their “independence” assumption is meant to entail the factorization of the probability distribution function. If by “independence” one means probabilistic independence then factorization does follow and the proof is correct; factorization however does not follow from value independence, which Herschel mistakenly emphasized to be the crucial assumption of his derivation.
Now even if Maxwell adapted the derivation from Herschel’s article it is natural to assume that he had reasons to believe that the required mathematical assumptions can be motivated by physical considerations about gases. Without such physical considerations the application of the mere mathematical proposition to gases would remain unjustified. But Maxwell’s attempt at physically justifying independence of the velocity components would have clearly depended on his understanding of the sense of independence he had believed to guarantee the success of the proof. We are going to return to this point in Section \[subsect\_independence\].
Let us now turn to Clausius’ understanding of the meaning of independence. In his summary of Maxwell’s Propositions I–III Clausius ([-@Clausius1862 424]) claims that the velocity of center of mass $\vec{v}_{CM}$ quantifies the extent to which the velocity after impact is “dependent” upon the velocities before impact while the velocity relative to the center of mass $\vec{r}\V$ quantifies the extent to which the velocity after impact is “independent” from the velocities before impact. It is not clear what Clausius meant here by “independence” since what he writes is compatible with several different readings. Given Condition M $\vec{r}\V$ may point in any direction no matter what the incoming velocities $\vec{v}$ and $\vec{V}$ were, so it is value independent since setting values for $\vec{v}$ and $\vec{V}$ does not restrict the range of possible values for the direction of $\vec{r}\V$. In the same vein $\vec{v}\V$ is partially value independent from $\vec{v}$ and $\vec{V}$ since setting values for $\vec{v}$ and $\vec{V}$ does narrow the range of possible values of $\vec{v}\V$ but $\vec{v}\V$ may still take several values, not just one. Clausius could also have meant that the direction of $\vec{r}\V$ is probabilistically independent from $\vec{v}$ and $\vec{V}$: conditioning upon any value for $\vec{v}$ and $\vec{V}$ does not alter the [*probability*]{} that $\vec{r}\V$ points in a certain direction.
Upon a closer look what Clausius emphasizes in the text and in the accompanying footnote is that the incoming velocities do not determine the direction of the velocities relative to the center of mass after impact and in turn they do not fully determine the velocities after impact either, as these latter may take several (indeed, infinitely many) different possible values for any fixed values of the incoming velocities. These remarks of Clausius are suggestive that he intended to make a point about the partial value independence of the velocities before and after impact, but there is no evidence that Clausius even distinguished between value independence and probabilistic independence.
Finally let us make a brief remark about Maxwell’s own usage of the term “independent”. The term appears once more in the context of a generalization of Proposition IV and Proposition V (ibid. p. 315) but the appearance does not shed any more clarity on its intended interpretation than the proof of Proposition IV. In all other contexts in which the term “independent” appears in the [*Illustrations*]{} (see p. 288, 298, 300) it is clear that Maxwell understands it as referring to value independence. Taking a systematic look at Maxwell’s prior and contemporary work on color vision (see esp. [@Maxwell1855a 120-121]) I also find that Maxwell systematically uses the term independent in the sense of value independence.[^1]
Indeed I find that ambiguous usage of the term “independent” is pervasive in and before the 1860s. That different concepts are named by the same term would not in itself be a problem if users of the term were conscious of their non-interchangeability. Unfortunately it seems that this consciousness was missing in the works of those, such as Clausius and Herschel, that most likely have influenced Maxwell’s thinking, and there is no evidence that Maxwell was aware of such distinction in and before his 1860 work on the kinetic theory.
Proposition IV – physical justification of its assumptions {#sect_justification}
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(A1) The existence of a stationary velocity distribution {#subsect_existence}
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Let us now return to Maxwell’s Proposition IV. The paragraph preceding the statement of Proposition IV, which we have already quoted, claims that after large number of collisions the kinetic energy “will be divided among the particles according to some regular law, the average number of particles whose velocity lies between certain limits being ascertainable” [@Maxwell1860a 289], meaning that this number is not going to be further altered by subsequent collisions, that is, that the velocity distribution becomes stationary.
Indeed without the assumption of stationarity it would be hard to understand what enabled the presumption of the time-independent velocity distribution $f$ right in the beginning of the proof of Proposition IV. But if Maxwell succeeded to show that particle collisions lead to stationarity prior to Proposition IV then it would have been sufficient for him to assume, for the purposes of the proof of Proposition IV, the existence of the right kind of particle collisions. And this is what Maxwell actually says he does, to wit:
> Prop. IV. To find the average number of particles whose velocities lie between given limits, [*after a great number of collisions among a great number of equal particles.*]{} (Emphasis added.)
That his analysis of particle collisions was in part intended to establish the existence of a stationary velocity distribution is also clear from Maxwell’s later remarks about his 1860 proof:
> The only case in which I have determined the form of this \[velocity distribution\] function \[in the 1860 paper\] is that of one or more kinds of [*molecules*]{} which have [*by their continual encounters brought about a distribution of velocity*]{} such [*that*]{} the number of molecules whose velocity lies within given limits [*remains constant*]{}. [@Maxwell1867 437] (Emphasis added.)
In addition we have also seen that the idea that molecular collisions could lead to a stationary velocity distribution was more than baseless wishful thinking. We showed that Propositions I–III are indeed sufficient for a proof of tendency towards equilibrium, which is what Maxwell intended to do with his Proposition VI. In the special case when the masses are equal, which is the relevant case for Proposition IV, we have also seen that the proof of equalization of kinetic energies becomes so simple as to potentially warrant only verbal referencing. The availability of a proof of reaching equalization of temperatures lends credence for the availability of a proof of reaching a stationary velocity distributions.
Thus we can conclude that Maxwell’s argument consists of two steps: a ‘lemma’ showing that particle collisions lead to stationarity, and a ‘theorem’ that makes use of the lemma. It is then of course no surprise that reference to particle collisions only appears in the statement of the theorem and is absent from the proof following the statement, since all the work having to do with particle collisions was previously delegated to the lemma; the proof of the theorem itself only makes use of the assumption of stationarity that follows from the lemma and its assumption about collisions. Establishing the conclusion of course requires both establishing the lemma and establishing the theorem, and thus Maxwell’s 1860 argument does crucially depend on particle collisions, contrary to what historians of science (i.e. @Brush-Everitt-Garber1986b [8], @Uffink2007 [948]), who only focus on the proof that follows the statement of Proposition IV, claim.
The extent to which Maxwell succeeded in establishing the lemma is, of course, another question. Establishing that a certain tendency towards thermal equilibrium does follow from the model assumptions is clearly significant, but it is unclear to me how equalization of kinetic energies would strictly imply the onset of a stationary velocity distribution. If we conceptually divide the particles of the gas into two large groups – say, red and blue – then Maxwell’s results imply that after collisions continue for a long time the mean velocity of all red particles will equal the mean velocity of all blue particles. This puts a constraint on how the velocity distribution of all particles may change after collisions. Since the division of particles to red and blue is arbitrary we end up with many such similar constraints, and jointly all these constraints [*may*]{} be sufficient to force the velocity distribution to become stationary. So much is clear, but whether this is so requires an explicit argument rather than a hopeful gesture.
Although this attempt stays close to the line of reasoning Maxwell himself utilizes in the end of his proof of Proposition VI he does not elaborate on the details of such or similar musings. He apparently thought that the evidence provided by Propositions I–III on the nature of particle collisions and his scattered remarks preceding the statement of Proposition IV are sufficient to establish that collisions lead to a stationary velocity distribution straightforwardly. Some followers of Maxwell shared this view, although it progressively became more clear that a proof of it, if possible at all, may not be easily befitted to a margin. Yet as late as 1890 we find proofs to the effect that Propositions I–III and Condition A implies stationarity:
> \[Proposition\] 6. (a) Every distribution of velocities among the molecules which satisfies the condition that for given \[velocity of the center of mass of a pair of colliding particles\] $V$ all directions of \[the velocity of rebound relative to the center of mass\] $R$ are equally probable is \[...\] stationary. [@Burbury1890 299]
One of the main difficulties with these proofs is that they sneak in a probabilistic independence assumption in one form or another without appropriate justification.
(A2) Probabilistic independence of velocity components {#subsect_independence}
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![Various ways of understanding the term “independent” in the proof of Proposition IV.[]{data-label="flowchartfigure"}](figure3.png){height="12cm"}
The most crucial assumption of the proof of Proposition IV is the factorization of the velocity distribution to its marginals, which is a way to state the probabilistic independence of the velocity components. Let us re-quote, in its entirety, what Maxwell had to say about establishing this latter:
> \[...\] the existence of the velocity $v_x$ does not in any way affect that of the velocities $v_y$ or $v_z$, since these are all at right angles to each other and independent\[.\]
The obvious reading of this claim is that setting any value for the velocity component $v_x$ does not affect what values $v_y$ and $v_z$ could possibly take; in other words, that $v_x$ is value independent from $v_y$ and $v_z$. This obvious reading renders the claim obviously true and in no need of further justification. As we have seen before, Herschel emphasizes that value independence is the crucial assumption that is needed to justify the factorization of the distribution to its marginals. Given that Maxwell himself consistently used the term “independent” in the sense of value independence in his other works prior to 1860 it is then possible that he simply took what Herschel said for granted, and only bothered to point out that value independence of the velocity components in different directions clearly holds. Value independence of course does not imply probabilistic independence, and hence the assumption that would have been truly required for the mathematical proof remained unjustified.
According to another reading Maxwell was merely sloppy stating his assumption in the quoted claim, and what he really meant was that setting any value for the velocity component $v_x$ does not affect the [*probability*]{} of $v_y$ and $v_z$ taking their values. This reading seemingly finds support in what he says in his 1867 recollection that the 1860 proof was
> \[...\] founded on the assumption that the probability of a molecule having a velocity resolved parallel to $x$ lying between given limits is not in any way affected by the knowledge that the molecule has a given velocity resolved parallel to $y$. [@Maxwell1867 437]
Aside from the curious allusion to ‘knowledge’ this recollection correctly states that the proof of Proposition IV requires the assumption of probabilistic independence of $v_x$ and $v_y$. What the recollection does not make clear, however, is whether Maxwell also intended to rely on the assumption of probabilistic independence (as opposed to the assumption of value independence) [*back in 1860*]{}, and so this later reflection of Maxwell in itself can not be taken as evidence for an awareness of a distinction between probabilistic independence and value independence at the time when he produced his first proof. All we know is that in 1867 Maxwell found this reformulated independence requirement sufficiently “precarious” to warrant the construction of a different proof.
In the rest of this section we follow the latter reading, namely that Maxwell intended to have assumed a sort of probabilistic independence. It is still not entirely clear what could have been the intended carrier of the assumption of probabilistic independence according to Maxwell’s 1867 recollection (see Figure \[flowchartfigure\] for some possibilities). Although Maxwell seemingly talks about the velocity components of an individual particle, the velocity components of individual particles have a definite value at any given time, rendering any talk about a particle having a velocity component with some probability obscure (unless we either interpret probability as ignorance – the above mentioned appearance of the term ‘knowledge’ may indicate that – or unless with a great dose of anachronism we give up definiteness of velocity values along the lines of an objective interpretation of the collision probabilities). It is more in line with the frequentist allures of the 1860 proof to take the probabilistic independence assumption to be a statement about a collection of particles, namely that the distribution of velocities along the $y$ axis for all particles is the same as the distribution of velocities along the $y$ axis for the particles whose velocity component along the $x$ axis is set to some value.
Does the [*Illustrations*]{} provide a justification for the assumption of probabilistic independence of velocity components of a collection of particles, or does at least have the resources to do so? With our reconstruction of Propositions I–III at hand the obvious guess is to trace back the assumption of probabilistic independence to Condition M. Recall that Condition M states that whenever two particles collide the impact parameter $\rho$ is distributed uniformly within a circle $C$. The ‘whenever’ part of this assumption presumably states that $\rho$ is distributed uniformly regardless what are the incoming velocities of the pair of colliding particles or what is the configuration of other particles that are not participating in the collision. In a precise formulation this would presumably translate to conditional probabilistic independence of $\rho$ from the incoming velocities of the pair and from other physical quantities characterizing the remaining particles. If so then Condition M already furnishes a sort of probabilistic independence assumption regarding the velocities of a particle pair, and it is not inconceivable that some clever aggregation procedure would then lend credence to the assumption of probabilistic independence of velocity components of a collection of particles.
Maxwell himself does not hint at such argument in the [*Illustrations*]{}, but associating Condition M (and its consequence, Condition A) with a sense of probabilistic independence that is required for a derivation of the velocity distribution was so deep that even in 1894, during an ignited debate on the pages of [*Nature*]{} about the validity of Boltzmann’s H-theorem, Condition A and the Stosszahlansatz (the crucial independence assumption about factorization of the velocity probability distribution that appears in Maxwell’s 1867 proof) gets identified and interchanged without justification or warning (for a detailed account see @Dias1994). If the non-interchangeability of these assumptions did not occur to prominent physicists who had the advantage of many years of developments that followed Maxwell’s 1860 proof, it seems reasonable to assume that it might have not occurred to Maxwell either. Hence Maxwell might have thought that Condition M, whose geometrical meaning is at least apparent, and which (as @Gyenis2005 ventures) may be loosely motivated on the basis of Clausius’ mean free path approach, justifies the probabilistic independence of $v_x$ and $v_y$.
It would be interesting to see, but I do not know of a formally satisfying investigation of the relationship of Condition M and the assumption of probabilistic independence of velocity components of a collection of particles. Clearly, any such investigation would require that first someone says exactly what Condition M states.
(A3) Rotational symmetry of the velocity distribution {#subsect_rotationalsymmetry}
-----------------------------------------------------
Maxwell’s justification of the assumption of rotational symmetry of the velocity distribution is physically intuitive: nothing in the argument he gave for the factorization of the velocity distribution depends on the particular choice of the oblique coordinate system, and the physical behavior of the colliding particles should clearly not depend on how we choose to describe their behavior. Requiring that the factorization holds for other oblique coordinate systems entails that the distribution only depends from the distance from the origin. This result also follows when we only resort to non-dependence from choice of orthogonal coordinate systems, in which case it can be conveniently mathematically expressed as $$f(v_x) f(v_y) f(v_z) = \phi (v_x^2 + v_y^2 + v_z^2),$$ which is what Maxwell writes. (Note that the orthogonality assumption is not essential, only convenient. With any oblique coordinate system the functional equation (\[functionalequation\]) still has a unique solution, a generalized normal distribution.)
To sum up, among the three mathematical assumptions of Maxwell’s Proposition IV (A1) stationarity was intended to be justified on the basis of prior assumptions about particle collisions, (A2) probabilistic independence of velocity components was either misunderstood as value independence or was intended to be justified on the basis of prior assumptions about particle collisions, and (A3) rotational symmetry was supposed to follow from the non-dependence of the argument for the assumption of probabilistic independence of velocity components from the choice of coordinate system. Maxwell’s analysis and assumptions regarding particle collisions hence played a crucial motivational role for the mathematical assumptions of Proposition IV.
Finally note that if the number of particles is finite then the actual distribution of velocities at any time must be discrete and have a bounded support. However the only measurable solution of the functional equation (\[functionalequation\]), the Gaussian (\[gaussian\]), is a continuous function with infinite support. To reconcile this tension one would need to give up at least one of the assumptions: one could insist that stationarity, rotational symmetry, or probabilistic independence only holds approximately, or that Maxwell’s velocity distribution $f$ merely provides an approximate description. This is one of a number of issues relating to Proposition IV that we leave here undiscussed as they have been thoroughly addressed in the literature; for an overview see @Uffink2007 [945–946].
Conclusions
===========
The mathematical essence of the proof of Proposition IV is that a velocity distribution $\mathbf{f}(\vec{v})$ follows the Maxwell velocity distribution law if it satisfies the mathematical assumptions of probabilistic independence $\mathbf{f}(\vec{v}) = \mathbf{f}_x(v_x) \mathbf{f}_y(v_y) \mathbf{f}_z(v_z)$ and rotational symmetry $\mathbf{f}(\vec{v}) = f(|\vec{v}|)$. The mathematical essence of a proof may however mislead about what in it needs to be endowed with physical meaning and justification. We argued that emphasizing the importance of the implicit assumption of the existence of a stationary velocity distribution $\mathbf{f}(\vec{v})$ make the need for an argument for an approach to equilibrium clear and this in turn may shed light on the role Maxwell’s widely ignored molecular collision model played in his [*Illustrations of the Dynamical Theory of Gases*]{}. In particular we showed that for perfectly elastic particles Maxwell’s Proposition I–III – under the assumptions that their time evolution satisfies the constraint that it can be split into successive time intervals during which each particle has an approximately equal independent chance to participate in at most one, pairwise collision, and that in this interval the impact parameter is approximately equally distributed on the collision circle (Condition M) – yields a good “bad” mechanical proof of approach to equilibrium temperature, a precursor to Boltzmann’s H-theorem, which also lends partial credence to the availability of a proof of reaching a stationary velocity distribution. We argued that Condition M of Proposition II furnishes a sort of probabilistic independence assumption regarding velocities that could have motivated the assumption of probabilistic independence, but we also suggested another potential explanation for the apparent lack of effort on the part of Maxwell to justify probabilistic independence, namely that Maxwell might have conflated the notions of probabilistic independence and value independence. We argued that distinction of meaning of these two notions was not yet available in the 1850’s and we presented circumstantial evidence for these claims on the basis of relevant prior works of Clausius, Herschel, and Maxwell.
Section \[sect\_justification\] explored the ways how Propositions I–III, Condition M, and the approach to equilibrium furnished by a reconstructed version of Proposition VI could have played a role in Maxwell’s physical justification of the three mathematical assumptions of Proposition IV; we have seen that there are multiple interpretative possibilities. In closing let me choose the interpretation which seems to me most plausible. On a physical basis Maxwell knew that after a sufficient amount of time a box of gas settles into a thermal equilibrium, and he made the important realization that supplementing a standard Newtonian collision model with the seemingly innocuous Condition M allows the proof of such an approach to thermal equilibrium if the particles are modeled as perfectly elastic spheres. Maxwell implicitly assumed that the onset of this equilibrium also entails that the velocity distribution function becomes stationary. Thinking that the existence of a stationary velocity distribution can be proved on a physical basis he looked around for mathematical proofs that could be used to characterize properties of such stationary distributions, and he recalled Herschel’s characterization of the distribution of errors from reading his [*Essays*]{} as such. Unfortunately Herschel mischaracterized the crucial independence assumption of his own proof, and Maxwell implemented Herschel’s proof together with this mischaracterization to the context of the kinetic theory. In turn the physical justification of the so-mischaracterized independence assumption (and as a consequence also the assumption of rotational symmetry) seemed straightforward. Maxwell later realized that this independence assumption is “precarious” and since other considerations also led him to abandon Clausius’ mean free path approach that lies behind the collision model, he also abandoned the attempt to establish stationarity of the velocity distribution via Condition M. It took several decades until the scientific community came to a clear grasp of the distinctions between various interpretations of probability and various notions of independence, and thus Maxwell’s early mistake in his first paper on the kinetic theory was by no means an obvious one.
Acknowledgement {#acknowledgement .unnumbered}
===============
This paper is based on a substantive revision of the (unpublished) work @Gyenis2005. I thank John Norton, John Earman, Jos Uffink, Michael Strevens, Michael Reed, and Márton Gömöri for feedback. (I also thank Daniel Margócsy and audiences of the Philosophy of Science Reading Group of the Institute of Philosophy, HAS RCH and of the Theoretical Philosophy Forum, ELTE for feedback on briefly mentioned parts of this work that got removed at the request of a reviewer.)
This work was supported by the National Research, Development and Innovation Office, K 115593 grant.
Appendix {#appendix .unnumbered}
========
Let $\vec{v}$ and $\vec{V}$ be the incoming velocities and $\vec{v}\V$ and $\vec{V}\V$ be the rebound velocities of two spheres of masses $m$ and $M$ that undergo a perfectly elastic collision. Due to conservation of momentum the velocity of the center of mass is unchanged by the collision: $$\vec{v}_{CM} \doteq \frac{m \vec{v} + M \vec{V}}{m+M} = \frac{m \vec{v}\V + M \vec{V}\V}{m+M} \doteq \vec{v}\V_{CM}.$$
Let $\vec{r}$, $\vec{R}$ (and $\vec{r}\V$, $\vec{R}\V$) denote the incoming (and rebound) velocities relative to this center of mass, that is $$\begin{aligned}
\vec{r} & \doteq & \vec{v}-\vec{v}_{CM} = \vec{v} - \frac{m \vec{v} + M \vec{V}}{m+M} = \frac{M}{m+M} (\vec{v}-\vec{V}) \\
\vec{R} & \doteq & \vec{V}-\vec{v}_{CM} = \vec{V} - \frac{m \vec{v} + M \vec{V}}{m+M} = \frac{m}{m+M} (\vec{V}-\vec{v}) \\
\vec{r}\V & \doteq & \vec{v}\V-\vec{v}\V_{CM} = \vec{v}\V-\vec{v}_{CM} \label{eq_appendix_4} \\
\vec{R}\V & \doteq & \vec{V}\V-\vec{v}\V_{CM} = \vec{V}\V-\vec{v}_{CM}, \label{eq_appendix_5}\end{aligned}$$ and hence noting that $v \doteq \| \vec{v} \|$, $V \doteq \| \vec{V} \|$, $v' \doteq \| \vec{v}\V \|$ etc. we get $$\begin{aligned}
r^2 & = & \vec{r} \cdot \vec{r} = \left(\frac{M}{m+M}\right)^2 \left( \vec{v}\cdot \vec{v} + \vec{V}\cdot \vec{V} - 2 \vec{v} \cdot \vec{V} \right) \\
& = & \left( \frac{M}{m+M} \right)^2 \left( v^2 + V^2 - 2 v V \cos(\alpha) \right), \label{eq_appendix_7} \\
R^2 & = & \vec{R} \cdot \vec{R} = \left(\frac{m}{m+M}\right)^2 \left( \vec{v}\cdot \vec{v} + \vec{V}\cdot \vec{V} - 2 \vec{v} \cdot \vec{V} \right) \\
& = & \left(\frac{m}{m+M}\right)^2 \left( v^2 + V^2 - 2 v V \cos(\alpha) \right), \label{eq_appendix_9} \\
v_{CM}^2 & = & \vec{v}_{CM} \cdot \vec{v}_{CM} = \frac{m \vec{v} + M \vec{V}}{m+M} \cdot \frac{m \vec{v} + M \vec{V}}{m+M} = \\
& = & \left(\frac{1}{m+M}\right)^2 \left( m^2 \vec{v}\cdot \vec{v} + M^2 \vec{V}\cdot \vec{V} + 2 m M \vec{v} \cdot \vec{V} \right) \\
& = & \left(\frac{1}{m+M}\right)^2 \left( m^2 v^2 + M^2 V^2 + 2mMvV \cos(\alpha) \right) \label{eq_appendix_12}\end{aligned}$$ with $\alpha \doteq \angle (\vec{v}, \vec{V})$.
From (\[eq\_appendix\_4\]), (\[eq\_appendix\_5\]), and from $r' = r$, $R' = R$ (which we get from (\[eq\_r\_is\_unchanging\]) where we utilized that the collision is perfectly elastic) we get $$\begin{aligned}
v'^2 & = & (\vec{v}_{CM} + \vec{r}\V ) \cdot (\vec{v}_{CM} + \vec{r}\V) = v_{CM}^2 + r'^2 + 2 \vec{v}_{CM} \cdot \vec{r}\V \\
& = & v_{CM}^2 + r^2 + 2 v_{CM} r \cos(\gamma) \label{eq_appendix_14} \\
V'^2 & = & (\vec{v}_{CM} + \vec{R}\V ) \cdot (\vec{v}_{CM} + \vec{R}\V) = v_{CM}^2 + R'^2 + 2 \vec{v}_{CM} \cdot \vec{R}\V \\
& = & v_{CM}^2 + R^2 - 2 v_{CM} R \cos(\gamma) \label{eq_appendix_16}\end{aligned}$$ with $\gamma \doteq \angle (\vec{v}_{CM}, \vec{r}\V)$ and noting that $\angle (\vec{v}_{CM}, \vec{R}\V) = 180^o - \angle (\vec{v}_{CM}, \vec{r}\V) $.
Multiplying (\[eq\_appendix\_14\]) with $m/2$, (\[eq\_appendix\_16\]) with $M/2$, subtracting them from each other, and making judicious substitutions for $r^2$ (eq. (\[eq\_appendix\_7\])), $R^2$ (eq. (\[eq\_appendix\_9\])), and $v_{CM}^2$ (eq. (\[eq\_appendix\_12\])) yields $$\begin{aligned}
\frac{m v'^2}{2} - \frac{M V'^2}{2} & = & \frac{m}{2} \left( v_{CM}^2 + r^2 + 2 v_{CM} r \cos(\gamma) \right) \\
& & - \frac{M}{2} \left( v_{CM}^2 + R^2 - 2 v_{CM} R \cos(\gamma) \right) \\
& = & \frac{m}{2} \left(\frac{1}{m+M}\right)^2 \left( m^2 v^2 + M^2 V^2 + 2mMvV \cos(\alpha) \right) \\
& & + \frac{m}{2} \left( \frac{M}{m+M} \right)^2 \left( v^2 + V^2 - 2 v V \cos(\alpha) \right) + \frac{m}{2} 2 v_{CM} r \cos(\gamma) \\
& & - \frac{M}{2} \left(\frac{1}{m+M}\right)^2 \left( m^2 v^2 + M^2 V^2 + 2mMvV \cos(\alpha) \right) \\
& & - \frac{M}{2} \left(\frac{m}{m+M}\right)^2 \left( v^2 + V^2 - 2 v V \cos(\alpha) \right) + \frac{M}{2} 2 v_{CM} R \cos(\gamma) \\
& = & \frac{1}{2} \left(\frac{1}{m+M} \right)^2 ( m^3 v^2 + m M^2 V^2 + 2 m^2 M v V cos(\alpha) \\
& & ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ + m M^2 v^2 + m M^2 V^2 - 2 m M^2 v V \cos(\alpha) \\
& & ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ - m^2 M v^2 - M^3 V^2 - 2 m M^2 v V \cos(\alpha) \\
& & ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ - m^2 M v^2 - m^2 M V^2 + 2 m^2 M v V \cos(\alpha) ) \\
& & + (m r + M R) v_{CM} \cos(\gamma) \\
& = & + \frac{1}{2} \left(\frac{1}{m+M} \right)^2 ( m v^2 (m^2 + M^2 - 2 m M) \\
& & ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ - M V^2 (m^2 + M^2 - 2 m M) ) \\
& & + 2 \left(\frac{1}{m+M} \right)^2 (m-M) mMvV\cos(\alpha) \\
& & + (m r + M R) v_{CM} \cos(\gamma) \\
& = & C_0 \cdot \left(\frac{m v^2}{2} - \frac{M V^2}{2} \right) + C_1 \cdot \cos(\alpha) + C_2 \cdot \cos(\gamma)\end{aligned}$$ with $$\begin{aligned}
C_0 & \doteq & \left(\frac{m-M}{m+M}\right)^2, \\
C_1 & \doteq & 2 \frac{(m - M)}{{(m + M)^2}} m M v V, \\
C_2 & \doteq & (m r + M R) v_{CM},\end{aligned}$$ which proves equation (\[eq\_differenceofkineticenergiesafterrebound\]). Clearly, $0 \leq C_0 < 1$.
References {#references .unnumbered}
==========
[32]{} natexlab\#1[\#1]{}\[1\][`#1`]{} \[2\][\#2]{} \[1\][\#1]{} \[1\][[](http://dx.doi.org/#1)]{} \[1\][[](pmid:#1)]{} \[2\][\#2]{} (). . , [ ** ]{}, . (). . , [ ** ]{}, . (). . , [ ** ]{}, . (). volume of [**]{}. : . (). . Princeton Series in Physics. : . (). . : . , , & (). . In [@Brush-Everitt-Garber1986a]. , , & (Eds.) (). . : . (). . , [ ** ]{}, . (). . , [**]{}, . (). . , [ ** ]{}, . , & (). . : (). . , [ ** ]{}, . (). . , [ ** ]{}, . (). . , [ ** ]{}, . (). . , [ ** ]{}, . (). . , [ ** ]{}, . (). . , [**]{}, . (). . , [ ** ]{}, . (). . In (Ed.), [ ** ]{} (pp. ). : . (). . . (). . , [ ** ]{}, . (). . , [ ** ]{}, . (). . : . (). . In (Ed.), [**]{} (pp. ). : volume . ( ed.). (). . In [@Brush-Everitt-Garber1986a]. (). . , [ ** ]{}, . (). . In [@Brush-Everitt-Garber1986a]. (). . , [**]{}, . (). . , [**]{}, . (). . , [ ** ]{}, . (). . In (Ed.), [ ** ]{} Handbook of the Philosophy of Science. : .
[^1]: Judging by the number of his publications the topic Maxwell most vehemently pursued in the years prior to and contemporaneous with his early research on the kinetic theory was that of color vision. A previous draft of this paper argued that Maxwell’s own experimental work on color vision provided him familiarity with statistical reasoning; in particular Maxwell have encountered a use of distributions which is not rooted in error, ignorance, or uncertainty, and hence understanding probabilities as being rooted in the physical phenomena was not entirely new to him when he started working on the kinetic theory. On the basis of his drawn figures it seems likely that this is also true in particular for the normal distribution. The draft addressed the parallels Maxwell draws between color mixing in his three dimensional color space and addition of vectors in three dimensions in mechanics. Finally it also elaborated on the claim that in these prior works Maxwell understands the term independence as value independence. At the request of a referee these sections got relocated in a separate historical note.
| 2023-08-22T01:26:19.665474 | https://example.com/article/1456 |
02/19/2013 Note: The tool still works with patch 1.50. Just make sure to create a new package for the patch (as you always should when the effects resource changed).
01/22/2013 Note: Still works with patch 1.48 (effects resource was the same as in 1.42).
01/11/2013 Note: Still works with patch 1.47 (effects resource was the same as in 1.42). I also added a section that explains the use of the fog emitter to check effects in game. Please don't PM me to ask the names of effects. If you cannot find it even with the fog emitter, ask in the comments to this post, so that others can help or benefit from an answer.
Updated 11/01/2012: Updated to work with 1.42.
09/11/2012 Note: Still works with patch 1.38. Just make sure to create a new package for the patch (as you always should).
06/04/2012 Note: Still works with patch 1.34.
Updated 05/27/2012: v1.0.7 Update should allow tool to run even on early versions where no DeltaBuild0.package exists.
Updated 03/09/2012: You can still use the tool with 1.32. The patch added some effects that were obviously not yet meant to be released, but you can update your mods to be on the safe side.
Updated 03/05/2012: v1.0.6 Update to fix issues with patch 1.31 in s3piwrappers.EffectResource.dll. Switched to .NET 4 and new s3pi libraries. Added Russian translation by Alienka. Thank you very much!
Updated 11/24/2011: Replaced s3piwrappers.EffectResource.dll with one that fixes issues with missing leash effect (and possibly others). Many thanks to rocky44345 for reporting the issue.
Updated 11/05/2011: v1.0.5 Update for use with Mono. Also updated the s3pi libraries while I was at it.
Updated 10/19/2011: Replaced old s3piwrappers.EffectResource.dll with one that works with patch 1.26 (Pets). Thanks to ChaosMageX, who contributed to the changes in Atavera's wrapper that made this work. (I compiled the wrapper myself, so if things behave in an unexpected way, let me know.)
Update 08/07/2011: v1.0.4 added options to store and load the unchecked effects for easier updating to a new patch and filter options to filter for checked or unchecked
Update 07/25/2011: Removed code I used for creating localization of effect names, so that exporting the effects list now again simply returns a simple list of all effects (instead of "effect_name=effect_name").
Update 06/23/2011: Added Polish translation of GUI (Thank you, hotroxy777!). Also added ability to localize effect names. "Export List" will still contain the original effect names.
Update 06/22/2011: Added ability to export the list of effect names into a text file (so that you can always easily create the latest fog emitter effects list) and right-clicking on an effect name now copies it to the clipboard (for easy pasting into the fog emitter dialog).
Instructions:
Import/Export
Filter
Examples
How to find the right effect
Instructions for using the fog emitter to check effects
Note: You'll need Ambitions or patch 1.42 or later to use the Fog Emitter. Go into buy mode
Press Ctrl+Shift+C to open the console and enter "testingcheatsenabled on" without quotes to enter cheats mode
Bring the console up again and enter "buydebug" without quotes
Click the question mark category and select the last tab "Misc. Objects"
Select the turquoise ball labelled "Fog Emitter" and place it: To make sure effects are fully visible you could place it on a glass surface or put it on the ground and then move it up with Twallan's DebugEnabler (in live mode, click the area you placed the Fog Emitter, then select NRaas->Debug Enabler->Move...->Up)
Back or still in buy mode, press and hold Ctrl+Shift and then click on the Fog Emitter
Select "Set Visual Effect..."
In The Sims 3 Effect Modder window, right-click on the effect name you want to check to copy it into the clipboard
Paste the name into the "Set Visual Effect" dialog and confirm it
Go back into live mode and make sure the game isn't paused. It might take a moment, but a static or animated effect should appear. Note: You'll need Ambitions or patch 1.42 or later to use the Fog Emitter.
Localization
The effect names cannot be localized at this point. There are over 4,000 effects currently in the game! If someone seriously wants to translate them, let me know and I'll see about making them localizable.
10/17/2013: The tool still works with patch 1.63. I don't expect them to make any changes to the effect resource format after the last EP, so this is probably the final version of the tool (at least as far as patch updates go).07/02/2013: Fixed a bug that caused packages for games patched to 1.38 or older versions to be broken. If your patch level is 1.42 or later, you should be fine. Thanks bunnypig for reporting the issue!06/18/2013: Update to fix issues with patch 1.55 in s3piwrappers.EffectResource.dll. As always, make sure to create a new package for the patch.So maybe you don't actually mind the automatic memories for important moments, but the smileys ruin all your wedding photos. Or you'd like to use the Eye Candy reward but don't want your sim to sparkle for the rest of their sim life.This is a tool that makes it easy for you to switch off visual effects you don't want to see!Usage: Copy the package that the tool creates into your mod folder. Only usepackage at a time! (In particular, if you have the No Mosaic mod, remove that and uncheck "simcensorfx" in the tool instead to get rid off the mosaic, in addition to other effects you want to kill.)Note: Mods created with this tool override the _SWB resource (TGI: 0xEA5118B0-0x0051185B-0xAE1859FADE0A9056) from DeltaBuild0.package and will conflict with all others that do so (e.g. my No Mosaic mod).Game version: This should work with older and future patches, as long as the effects wrapper can read the resource in DeltaBuild0.package.This is especially important for new EPs that introduce new effects.Requirements: The tool requires .NET Framework 4.0 to run.a) Unzip the toolb) Start TS3_Effects_Mod_Maker.exe.c) (optional: If the tool cannot read the Installation directory of the Sim 3 base game from your registry it will prompt you for it.)d) It might take a few seconds for the GUI to appear since it has to read all effects first.e) Uncheck the effects you don't wantf) Click save and enter the path where you want to save your mod package (e.g. in your mod folder)g) Wait for a message to pop up that confirms your file was saved (this should only take a few seconds)h) Close the tool and test the package in gameYou can click "Export List" to export a complete list of all effect names into a text file."Store Unchecked" will save a text file with all currentlyeffect names."Load Unchecked" will allow you to load a text file. Every effect in the text file will be unchecked in the tool. (Previously unchecked effects will remain unchecked.)Tip: For easy updating after each patch, save a list of the effects you always disable. When the next patch rolls around you can simply start the tool and load the previously saved list and the tool will uncheck all those effects for you.Since there are thousands of effects, I also added filter functionality to the tool.How the filter works:Enter a filter word and click filter to narrow the list down to the effects that contain the filter word.If the result of the filter will display less than 200 effects, the tool will narrow the list down even as you type (i.e. without having to click the "Filter" button).If the result of the filter is more than 200 effects but you still want to see them all, you'll have to click the "Filter" button.(I swear it's not as complicated as it soundsYou can also click the "Checked" or "Unchecked" button in the filter toolbar to filter for all currently checked or unchecked effects respectively.Next to the filter buttons you can always see how many effects are currently visible and how many the current filter would display. (So if the "Filter" number and the "Displayed" number don't match, just click the "Filter" button to make the tool display all effects for the current filter.)You can at any time clear the filter to display all effects.Note: The Check/Uncheck All buttons only apply to the(i.e. filtered) effects, so you can conveniently filter for "memories" and then deactivate all six memory effects at once by clicking the "Uncheck All" button.Here are some examples of effects you might want to get rid off:simcensorfx: nudity mosaicep1eyecandy: sparkles from the eye candy rewardep4memorieshappyfx: sparkles for the memories (neutral and unhappy analogous)memorieshappy: smiley for the memories (neutral and unhappy analogous)ep7buffsparkly_main: vampire immortal lifetime reward sparksFairy wings: all 216 effects including the term "fairywings". Every wing form has a whole set of effects for both dark and bright colors.It's often easy to tell what an effect does just from the name, but sometimes it's not clear. What you can do is. (See discussion here and elsewhere in the forums or read the following instructions.)Tip: Right-click on an effect name to copy it to the clipboard. That makes it easy to paste it into the fog emitter dialog.For your information: If you'd like to provide different ready-made flavors of effects mods made with this tool, please do so. It was the reason for making it.Localization: The GUI of the tool is localizable. I've provided a German localization file. To use it, simply copy the content of "localization_de.txt" into "localization.txt" (or rename it). Other languages work analogously. You might need to expand the GUI if buttons or labels are suddenly missing (because they became too large).For translators: Simply copy the localization_en.txt and change the name to fit your language code. Then make the translations. To test, copy the content of your file to "localization.txt".Note:Effect names can now be localized. You must make sure the translations are unique.Thanks so much to Peter Jones for s3pi and Atavera and ChaosMageX for the extra s3pi wrappers! (As per the S3PI license, this tool is also GPL 3.0 and the source code is attached.) | 2023-08-11T01:26:19.665474 | https://example.com/article/1902 |
1) Field of the Invention
The invention relates to an improved waterbed structure, more specifically, a waterbed with a high degree of stability, adjustable softness and hardness, firm and sturdy, free of water leakage, and which can be easily and efficiently manufactured in terms of saving time and labor to reduce the production costs.
2) Description of the Prior Art
The elements of a conventional waterbed are mostly welded by high-frequency heat sealing. In most designs, inside the waterbed mattress, there are several connected or properly divided water bags filled with water. However, when the user lies down on the bed, or exercises on th e bed, pressure is applied to cause a sudden compress ion force producing a water rush to sway the bed mattress. Therefore, not only the stability is less, but also the excessive water pressure will damage the sealing edges of the high-frequency heat sealing of the waterbed causing water leakage. Furthermore, most of the convention al waterbeds cannot efficiently keep the frame of the waterbed mattress in a firm shape, not only resulting in the deforming of the water-filled bed mattress and loosening the cover materials, but also effecting the duration of usage of the sealed edges, resulting in failure of an aged water bed mattress. For example, as shown in FIG. 5, a conventional waterbed (1), has between the top packing wall (10) and the bottom packing wall (11), a plurality of x-shaped partitions (12) fastened longitudinally in parallel defining a plurality of respective water bag chambers (13). However, the quick water rush produced by the heavy compression force applied to the water bag chambers (13) and the lack of strong protective frame will cause the bed mattress to sway and deform. Additionally, because the x-shaped partitions (12) are welded respectively by high-frequency heat sealing to the top and bottom packing walls (10) and (11), the water pressure in the water bag chambers (13) will continually and heavily push the adjacent airbag side partitions (14), resulting in damage to the sealing-welded edge structure, causing the water to leak into the air bag cavity (15).
Therefore, the inventor of the invention obtained U.S. Pat. No. 6,035,470. Although the previous invention improved many shortcomings of the conventional waterbeds, the volume of the waterbed mattresses was quite big and required a large heat sealing welding machine to smoothly operate the high-frequency heat sealing process, which consumed large manpower and labor time to accomplish manufacture. Therefore, for all the aforesaid conventional waterbed structures, not only do the welded sealing edges tend to be damaged by the imbalance between air pressure and water pressure due to the user""s pressure or sudden compression force on the water-filled bed, but also the processes of welding the edges by heat sealing and assembly are too complicated, thus failing to efficiently reduce the number of processing steps and to simplify the assembly production process.
The primary objective of the present invention is to provide an improved waterbed structure, with adjustable softness and hardness, capable of maintaining the bed mattress firm and stable, and which efficiently reduces the processes of welding by heat sealing and assembly manufacture to lower the production costs and enhance the quality control. The improved waterbed comprises a waterbed mattress constructed by an outer packing wall and partitions welded by heat sealing to the inside of the packing wall; a bed protecting cover, attached with airbag protecting sides, the airbag protecting sides encircling and forming a receiving shell for the waterbed mattress. By increasing or decreasing the pressure in the airbag protecting sides a user can adjust the softness and the hardness of the waterbed, and the buffering of the partitions will stabilize the waterbed mattress. The design of the independently divided waterbed mattress and the airbag protecting sides, simplifies the processes of assembly and welding to lower the production costs of manufacturing the whole waterbed unit.
Another objective of the invention herein is to provide an improved waterbed structure which can, even when improper compression force is applied to the waterbed mattress cause split seams resulting in water leakage, still efficiently offer control from the outside covering to prevent the water from leaking out.
To enable a further understanding of the said objectives, the technological methods and the efficiency of the invention herein, a best application example is followed by drawings and detailed description of the preferred embodiment. | 2023-12-26T01:26:19.665474 | https://example.com/article/1222 |
Asian Cruelty
After a lengthy hiatus, we are thrilled to announce the return of the stunning Goddess An Li back to Asian Cruelty. AC Fans can look forward to several new releases from An Li in the coming weeks.
This is the follow up video to An Li's top selling clip "A Journey Of Relentless Pain". Enjoy!
...Runtime:00:06:10
After a lengthy hiatus, we are thrilled to announce the return of the stunning Goddess An Li back to Asian Cruelty. AC Fans can look forward to several new releases from An Li in the coming weeks.
I am the black widow, clad in my exotic, skin tight black latex. My slave is my prey, wrapped ti ...Runtime:00:05:58
After a lengthy hiatus, we are thrilled to announce the return of the stunning Madam Luzia Lowe to back asian Cruelty. Based in Southern California, Luzia is truly one of the most intense, no nonsense Dominas to ever grace our site. AC Fans can look forward to several new releases from Madam Lowe in ...Runtime:00:05:49
Once I have chosen to possess a new pet, he will soon learn that extreme cruelty becomes me. It is as much a part of me as the air which I breath, as I am a true Dominant Sadist and I use cruelty to bond with my slave...control my slave...dehumanize my slave. It is my cruel nature that allows me to ...Runtime:00:05:47
I am feeling especially sadistic today, so I will impose that sadism on my helpless pet with a beating he will not soon forget. Why? No reason other than, simply put, it amuses me. Nothing will break a man quicker than a swift and relentless beating. Once you take him past his threshold, it is only ...Runtime:00:05:58
This is a special edition 28 minute compilation video, showcasing one of our most popular Asian Dominas. Goddess Kitsa Sakurai is magnificent as she punishes her slaves, utilizing a plethora of lethal torments, including paddles, bull whips, canes, boot domination, and more!
We scoured numerous Asi ...Runtime:00:28:01
After a lengthy hiatus, we are thrilled to announce the return of the stunning Madam Luzia Lowe to back asian Cruelty. Based in Southern California, Luzia is truly one of the most intense, no nonsense Dominas to ever grace our site. AC Fans can look forward to several new releases from Madam Lowe in ...Runtime:00:05:54
This follow up clip picks up the intense slave punishment action right where Goddess Luna Li left off in her Top Selling Clips "A Leather Clad Cruel Caning Part 1 and "A Leather Clad Cruel Caning Part 2". Enjoy!
Oh how I love tormenting my slaves with my rattan canes. The sound it makes as it ...Runtime:00:06:01
This follow up clip picks up the intense action right where Goddess Luna Li left off in her Top Selling Slave Punishment Clip " A Sadistic Masterpiece Of Pain". Enjoy!
Clad from head to toe in gleaming, body hugging black leather leggings, cincher, gloves and boots, I am a Leather Goddess Personifi ...Runtime:00:06:35
This follow up clip picks up the intense action right where Goddess Luna Li left off in her Top Selling Slave Punishment Clip " A Sadistic Masterpiece Of Pain". Enjoy!
The pain escalates as I continue my poor slave's torment with my vicious rattan canes. I actually shattered three of my most belove ...Runtime:00:06:10
This follow up clip picks up the intense action right where Goddess Luna Li left off in her Top Selling Clips "The Divine Privilege of Suffering, Parts 1 and 2", with her slave helpless, naked, bound and at the mercy of her sadistic whims. Enjoy!
In this video, I escalate my slave's agony with seve ...Runtime:00:06:09
This is the follow up clip to Lydia Supremacy's top selling Slave Punishment videos "Your Suffering Makes Me Wet" and "My Delicious and Delirious Gift Of Pain". Enjoy
The pain and suffering are brought to a feverish pitch, as I relentlessly thrash my captive with not one, but two of my most intense ...Runtime:00:05:48
This is a very Special Edition Release containing all of the footage from THREE of Mistress Siren's best selling Slave Punishment videos, including "Siren Song Of Pain" Part 1, Part 2, and Part 3. 18 minutes of intense, hard core BDSM action for the reduced price of only $12.99! This is sure t ...Runtime:00:17:50
I am in a rather sadistic mood today, more so than usual, if you can believe that. I grab the most severe paddles in my collection and ready my slave for punishment. I start by giving him strong, sharp blow to his posterior to wake him up. He now knows where this is going. I begin beating his backsi ...Runtime:00:06:20
This is the follow up video to Goddess Pepper's best selling clip "Perfectly Red".
Red is the color of my true love's ass HA HA! And it's getting redder and redder by the second. Thanks to the excruciating strikes of my (what else) bright red bamboo cane. It all so nicely compliments my form fittin ...Runtime:00:06:01
In this video I display both my playful nature and my sadistic lust for punishing my slaves for their improper behavior. Absolutely mesmerizing in my patent leather wardrobe, I tease and taunt my bound and helpless slave by removing my jacket to allow him a momentary glance at my exposed breasts. Bu ...Runtime:00:12:47
Today is definitely not this slave's lucky day. Quite the contrary. He will be the recipient of a much deserved punishment caning for his indiscretions. Did I mention that this particular minion dreads the wrath of my canes more than any other form of correctional discipline I choose to bestow upon ...Runtime:00:06:11
I am perfection in my skin tight red latex dress. Accompanied by my lethal cane, which also just so happens to be red. His ass cheeks will follow suit shortly.
With my pain pet helplessly secured and vulnerable to my sadistic whims, I use one of my most intimidating canes to break him down b ...Runtime:00:06:16
Look at him he's pathetic isn't he old and ugly naked and fucking helpless! His worthless junk in a stockade that leaves him utterly vulnerable to my every whim and tormentive thought! I will have fun with this feeble minded one! I will break him and then keep going just because I can, Who cares how ...Runtime:00:06:18 | 2023-11-23T01:26:19.665474 | https://example.com/article/2572 |
In honor of International Women’s Day 2018, the United Nation’s Economic and Social Council for Western Asia’s (ESCWA) Centre for Women, in partnership with the Asfari Institute for Civil Society and Citizenship at the American University in Beirut (AUB), have decided to pay tribute to women who initiated transformative change within their countries in the Arab region.
Through a series of short videos, prominent women from the Arab region were to briefly share their aspirations for women in 2018. The women selected for the campaign are pioneers in their fields: academia, judiciary, civil society, technology, and the private sector; many are also activists and women’s human rights defenders.
Nayla Al Khaja has been chosen as one of these personalities. She participated in the Lazem Campaign to share her vision for women in 2018 through a one-minute filmed intervention, where she could answer the question: “What can enable women in your country to elicit transformative change in the year 2018?” | 2024-06-01T01:26:19.665474 | https://example.com/article/1447 |
Lewis Joel Greene
Lewis Joel Greene (born August 10, 1934, New York City, U.S.) is an American Brazilian biochemist, scientist, university professor and editor of the Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research.
Greene received a BA in liberal arts from Amherst College in 1955 and a PhD in biochemistry and cell biology at Rockefeller University in 1962. After his doctorate, he went to work for 12 years as a tenured researcher in the Department of Biology at Brookhaven National Laboratory. Upon an invitation to become a visiting scientist as a Fulbright scholar for a year at the Department of Pharmacology of the Faculty of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto of the University of São Paulo (USP) in 1968, Greene and his family decided to return and stay in the country in 1974 and was hired as a professor at the same school, where he is a full professor of cell and molecular biology and head of the Center for Protein Chemistry of Hemocentro de Ribeirão Preto. Greene has trained more than 40 masters and doctoral students and postdoctoral researchers, and has written more than 100 papers in peer-reviewed journals.
Among several honors, he was inducted into the Brazilian Order of Scientific Merit in 2004. He was also a founder and president of the Brazilian Association of Scientific Editors.
Selected publications
External links
Short bio. Brazilian Order of Scientific Merit (in Portuguese)
Category:1934 births
Category:Living people
Category:American biochemists
Category:Brazilian biologists
Category:Brazilian people of American descent
Category:Commanders of the National Order of Scientific Merit (Brazil)
Category:Amherst College alumni
Category:American emigrants to Brazil
Category:Brookhaven National Laboratory staff | 2023-10-29T01:26:19.665474 | https://example.com/article/3883 |
3:59 AM?
324
How many minutes are there between 5:35 PM and 3:08 AM?
573
How many minutes are there between 2:55 AM and 2:35 PM?
700
How many minutes are there between 1:12 PM and 3:09 PM?
117
How many minutes are there between 1:42 AM and 7:06 AM?
324
How many minutes are there between 6:18 AM and 2:34 PM?
496
How many minutes are there between 9:18 PM and 8:27 AM?
669
How many minutes are there between 10:02 PM and 12:31 AM?
149
What is 136 minutes after 8:16 PM?
10:32 PM
How many minutes are there between 4:44 AM and 2:04 PM?
560
What is 376 minutes before 12:19 AM?
6:03 PM
How many minutes are there between 1:29 PM and 12:48 AM?
679
What is 688 minutes after 4:30 PM?
3:58 AM
How many minutes are there between 6:09 AM and 9:40 AM?
211
What is 399 minutes after 6:36 AM?
1:15 PM
How many minutes are there between 1:08 PM and 7:49 PM?
401
What is 277 minutes after 12:47 PM?
5:24 PM
What is 353 minutes before 6:55 AM?
1:02 AM
How many minutes are there between 8:11 PM and 7:16 AM?
665
What is 11 minutes before 12:35 AM?
12:24 AM
How many minutes are there between 10:44 PM and 3:49 AM?
305
What is 418 minutes before 3:19 PM?
8:21 AM
How many minutes are there between 7:50 PM and 7:10 AM?
680
How many minutes are there between 6:11 PM and 9:15 PM?
184
What is 439 minutes after 8:05 AM?
3:24 PM
How many minutes are there between 5:45 PM and 11:05 PM?
320
How many minutes are there between 8:56 AM and 4:20 PM?
444
How many minutes are there between 7:44 AM and 2:47 PM?
423
What is 386 minutes before 1:40 AM?
7:14 PM
What is 130 minutes before 9:36 AM?
7:26 AM
How many minutes are there between 4:50 AM and 11:46 AM?
416
How many minutes are there between 5:55 AM and 5:39 PM?
704
How many minutes are there between 5:18 PM and 2:54 AM?
576
How many minutes are there between 2:42 AM and 4:13 AM?
91
How many minutes are there between 4:50 PM and 2:10 AM?
560
How many minutes are there between 9:35 PM and 5:29 AM?
474
What is 231 minutes before 9:15 AM?
5:24 AM
How many minutes are there between 1:31 PM and 9:09 PM?
458
How many minutes are there between 9:16 PM and 1:13 AM?
237
How many minutes are there between 5:17 PM and 11:29 PM?
372
How many minutes are there between 10:58 AM and 12:28 PM?
90
How many minutes are there between 8:34 PM and 9:12 PM?
38
What is 491 minutes after 12:23 PM?
8:34 PM
How many minutes are there between 9:19 AM and 5:29 PM?
490
How many minutes are there between 11:33 AM and 5:05 PM?
332
What is 576 minutes before 11:35 AM?
1:59 AM
How many minutes are there between 5:48 PM and 10:12 PM?
264
How many minutes are there between 4:13 PM and 3:52 AM?
699
What is 253 minutes before 4:40 AM?
12:27 AM
What is 33 minutes before 9:20 PM?
8:47 PM
What is 103 minutes after 8:41 PM?
10:24 PM
How many minutes are there between 10:18 AM and 11:54 AM?
96
What is 104 minutes after 6:24 PM?
8:08 PM
How many minutes are there between 4:53 PM and 11:31 PM?
398
What is 158 minutes before 7:18 AM?
4:40 AM
How many minutes are there between 3:35 PM and 12:12 AM?
517
What is 249 minutes before 6:32 PM?
2:23 PM
What is 444 minutes after 11:34 PM?
6:58 AM
How many minutes are there between 6:48 PM and 6:32 AM?
704
What is 714 minutes before 9:47 AM?
9:53 PM
How many minutes are there between 11:29 PM and 7:11 AM?
462
How many minutes are there between 7:43 PM and 4:38 AM?
535
What is 207 minutes after 3:33 AM?
7:00 AM
How many minutes are there between 7:40 AM and 8:31 AM?
51
What is 454 minutes after 9:52 PM?
5:26 AM
What is 237 minutes after 10:58 AM?
2:55 PM
How many minutes are there between 1:13 PM and 4:08 PM?
175
What is 458 minutes after 6:01 PM?
1:39 AM
What is 688 minutes before 4:23 AM?
4:55 PM
What is 137 minutes after 2:07 AM?
4:24 AM
How many minutes are there between 12:15 AM and 10:27 AM?
612
What is 360 minutes before 6:07 AM?
12:07 AM
What is 627 minutes before 6:37 AM?
8:10 PM
What is 145 minutes after 8:08 PM?
10:33 PM
How many minutes are there between 4:39 AM and 12:22 PM?
463
How many minutes are there between 8:43 AM and 2:54 PM?
371
How many minutes are there between 7:46 PM and 3:22 AM?
456
How many minutes are there between 1:13 AM and 8:12 AM?
419
What is 481 minutes before 9:07 PM?
1:06 PM
How many minutes are there between 3:58 PM and 1:04 AM?
546
How many minutes are there between 6:36 AM and 11:39 AM?
303
What is 149 minutes before 8:16 AM?
5:47 AM
What is 681 minutes before 12:12 AM?
12:51 PM
How many minutes are there between 6:44 AM and 3:47 PM?
543
What is 514 minutes after 8:53 AM?
5:27 PM
What is 503 minutes before 11:17 AM?
2:54 AM
What is 126 minutes before 3:55 AM?
1:49 AM
What is 371 minutes before 6:44 PM?
12:33 PM
How many minutes are there between 5:16 AM and 10:58 AM?
342
What is 388 minutes after 3:48 AM?
10:16 AM
What is 371 minutes after 5:06 AM?
11:17 AM
How many minutes are there between 8:37 PM and 8:43 PM?
6
How many minutes are there between 8:17 PM and 7:26 AM?
669
What is 90 minutes before 6:52 PM?
5:22 PM
How many minutes are there between 4:25 AM and 9:48 AM?
323
What is 591 minutes after 3:56 PM?
1:47 AM
What is 111 minutes before 10:12 AM?
8:21 AM
How many minutes are there between 8:57 AM and 2:20 PM?
323
How many minutes are there between 11:16 PM and 5:15 AM?
359
What is 145 minutes before 3:33 PM?
1:08 PM
How many minutes are there between 12:39 PM and 11:03 PM?
624
How many minutes are there between 4:34 AM and 4:53 AM?
19
What is 488 minutes after 1:52 AM?
10:00 AM
What is 310 minutes after 3:40 AM?
8:50 AM
How many minutes are there between 8:28 PM and 8:37 PM?
9
What is 244 minutes before 9:27 AM?
5:23 AM
What is 679 minutes after 7:23 PM?
6:42 AM
What is 462 minutes before 10:42 AM?
3:00 AM
How many minutes are there between 4:38 PM and 6:39 PM?
121
What is 63 minutes after 6:15 PM?
7:18 PM
How many minutes are there between 2:08 AM and 4:29 AM?
141
How many minutes are there between 5:01 AM and 3:53 PM?
652
How many minutes are there between 11:49 PM and 4:53 AM?
304
What is 63 minutes before 11:00 AM?
9:57 AM
How many minutes are there between 7:54 AM and 12:06 PM?
252
What is 588 minutes before 11:48 AM?
2:00 AM
What is 345 minutes before 8:52 PM?
3:07 PM
How many minutes are there between 1:45 AM and 7:06 AM?
321
What is 559 minutes before 11:24 AM?
2:05 AM
What is 323 minutes after 5:42 PM?
11:05 PM
How many minutes are there between 7:39 AM and 2:23 PM?
404
What is 367 minutes before 8:29 PM?
2:22 PM
What is 404 minutes after 5:47 AM?
12:31 PM
How many minutes are there between 6:39 AM and 11:22 AM?
283
What is 309 minutes after 2:49 AM?
7:58 AM
What is 35 minutes before 2:28 AM?
1:53 AM
How many minutes are there between 9:59 PM and 10:08 PM?
9
What is 453 minutes before 11:59 AM?
4:26 AM
What is 91 minutes after 9:26 PM?
10:57 PM
What is 231 minutes before 10:39 PM?
6:48 PM
How many minutes are there between 11:23 AM and 12:05 PM?
42
What is 687 minutes before 2:13 AM?
2:46 PM
What is 611 minutes after 3:09 PM?
1:20 AM
What is 439 minutes after 12:10 PM?
7:29 PM
What is 514 minutes before 12:07 PM?
3:33 AM
How many minutes are there between 12:57 PM and 6:07 PM?
310
What is 458 minutes before 11:14 AM?
3:36 AM
How many minutes are there between 2:54 PM and 3:45 PM?
51
How many minutes are there between 3:05 AM and 6:36 AM?
211
What is 195 minutes before 2:59 AM?
11:44 PM
What is 423 minutes before 1:01 PM?
5:58 AM
How many minutes are there between 7:55 AM and 3:34 PM?
459
What is 76 minutes before 2:40 AM?
1:24 AM
What is 158 minutes before 8:26 PM?
5:48 PM
What is 292 minutes after 3:25 AM?
8:17 AM
What is 135 minutes after 8:50 AM?
11:05 AM
How many minutes are there between 11:31 PM and 10:59 AM?
688
What is 160 minutes before 9:15 PM?
6:35 PM
What is 419 minutes after 9:07 AM?
4:06 PM
What is 240 minutes before 8:04 PM?
4:04 PM
What is 584 minutes before 10:45 AM?
1:01 AM
What is 652 minutes before 9:09 AM?
10:17 PM
What is 707 minutes before 1:11 PM?
1:24 AM
How many minutes are there between 3:56 AM and 4:35 AM?
39
What is 331 minutes before 10:30 PM?
4:59 PM
What is 132 minutes before 3:55 PM?
1:43 PM
How many minutes are there between 2:31 PM and 1:34 AM?
663
How many minutes are there between 2:36 PM and 8:01 PM?
325
How many minutes are there between 2:22 | 2023-08-28T01:26:19.665474 | https://example.com/article/7347 |
[Metabolic fate of 14C-isepamicin sulfate (14C-HAPA-B) in rats. III. Placental transfer and excretion into milk].
Placental transfer and excretion into milk of 14C-isepamicin sulfate (14C-HAPA-B) following a single intramuscular or intravenous dose of 25 mg/kg were studied in pregnant or lactating rats. Concentrations of HAPA-B in placenta, ovary and uterus reached their maxima in 10 minutes after administration then declined rapidly. The maximum concentration in the fetal membrane was similar to 10-minute levels in these other tissues, but was attained in 4 hours or later after the drug administration and some drug still remained there even at 24 hours. A small amount of radioactivity was distributed into the fetus and the maximum level in the fetus was attained in 1 approximately 4 hours after administration, much later than in maternal tissues. The concentration in the fetal kidney was the highest in the fetus, but only 1 microgram/g or lower was found. A very small amount of radioactivity was also found in the fetal bone by radioautography. The drug was excreted into milk at 2 approximately 4 micrograms/ml during the first 6 hours and decreased a little in 24 hours after administration. There was no difference in results due to administration routes. | 2023-10-12T01:26:19.665474 | https://example.com/article/2646 |
Mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation is capable of supplying more than 95% of the total ATP requirement in respiring eucaryotic cells. It is driven by a respiratory chain composed of a number of multimeric membrane proteins that act in series to affect the transfer of electrons from reduced substrates to oxygen. Previous studies have emphasized the importance of the respiratory chain itself in regulating oxidative phosphorylation and have identified cytochrome c oxidase, its terminal member, as a key enzyme in the overall regulation of cellular energy production. At present, it is unclear how eucaryotic cells alter their cytochrome c oxidase activity levels in response to energy demand. However, the recent discovery of isoforms to the nuclearcoded subunits of cytochrome c oxidase in many eucaryotes, including humans, has led to the hypothesis that these polypeptides play a role in the modulation of cytochrome c oxidase activity. In this grant we will address this hypothesis. Initially, we will use the two subunit V isoforms, Va and Vb, of yeast cytochrome c oxidase as a model. Previous studies have shown that these isoforms affect some catalytic properties of holocytochrome c oxidase in vivo and that the expression of their genes, COX5a and COX5b, is differentially regulated by oxygen. Here, we propose to: 1) examine the structural-functional basis for the differential effects of Va and Vb on the electron transport activities of the holoenzyme; 2) determine if Va and Vb alter the proton pumping activity of the holoenzyme; 3) identify the domain(s) in Va and Vb that modulate holoenzyme activities; 4) determine if COX5a and COX5b are oxygen sensors that regulate the number of holocytochrome c oxidase molecules that are assembled in vivo; and 5) develop and use a heterologous complementation system to determine if human cytochrome c oxidase has subunit isoforms that function like yeast Va and Vb. These studies should enhance our understanding of cellular energetics and cytochrome c oxidase structure-function, and may provide an assay as well as a molecular basis for understanding the growing number of human diseases (i.e., tissue specific myopathies, cardiopathies, and hepatopathies) that are being linked to defects in cytochrome c oxidase. In addition, they should provide new opportunities to examine, and possibly modify, the mechanism of cytochrome c oxidase catalysis. | 2023-09-05T01:26:19.665474 | https://example.com/article/7861 |
This invention relates to substituted fluorinated aromatic-based polymers having at least one trifluoromethyl or hexafluoroisopropylidene group in the polymer backbone and methods for using and preparing fluorinated monomers, oligomers, and polymers for high performance polymer, electronic, aerospace, coatings, high temperature gas separation, and other applications.
Fluorinated polymer derivatives are of considerable interest due to their unique combinations of electrical and electrooptical properties, thermal stability, and structural versatility. The structures of the starting materials, synthetic methods, physical treatments, and chemical modifications can significantly impact the performance of fluorinated polymer derivatives for specific applications.
Fluorinated polymer derivatives have been synthesized using a number of chemical routes. However, previous fluorinated polymer derivatives have been limited, at least in part, because fluorinated polymers typically have low solubilities. Because of the trade-off between solubility and thermal stability, previous methods have produced materials with relatively poor solubility and/or poor thermal stability. Similarly, previous methods have required high temperatures to effect an efficient polymerization reaction.
While prior fluorinated polymers have exhibited some advantageous properties, they have not had combined properties such as increased solubility, high gas permeability, flexibility, low absorption of water, transparency and fire resistance, while retaining thermal stability. In addition, characterization of previous fluorinated high performance polymers has been limited by interference by other functional groups incorporated in the polymer (ketones, ethers, imides, sulfones, etc.).
What is needed are new fluorinated high performance polymers, oligomers, and copolymers, and block copolymers that combine high solubility, transparency, high gas permeability, low absorption of water, and fire resistance while retaining enhanced thermal stability, exceptional flexibility and transparency, and methods for synthesizing such compounds.
This invention provides new fluorinated high performance polymers and methods for preparing high yields of soluble fluorinated polymer derivatives having enhanced thermal stability and other properties, such as low dielectric constant and minimal moisture absorption, making such polymers useful for a wide range of electronic, aerospace, and other applications.
The fluorinated monomers used to prepare the fluorinated polymers of the invention include, but are not limited to Compounds Ia, Ib, Ic, Id, Ie, If, Ig, Ih and Ij as described below. The fluorinated polymers of the invention include, but are not limited to Compounds IIa, IIb, IIc, IId, IIe, IIf, IIg(1), IIg(2), IIh, IIi and IIj as described below and also include various oligomers, copolymers, and block copolymers made from dihalogenated aromatic-based monomers and/or oligomers.
Also provided herein are methods for synthesizing fluorinated oligomers, polymers, copolymers, and block copolymers. Monomers used to prepare the polymers of the invention may be prepared via any suitable method which provides reasonably high yields. The preferred polymers, copolymers, and block copolymers are prepared via nickel-catalyzed coupling polymerization. The resulting fluorinated polymer derivatives have benzene and fluorine linkages incorporated into the polymer backbone and are suprisingly quite soluble in a variety of solvents, while maintaining high thermal stability and other properties that make the resulting polymer and copolymer materials particularly suitable for a wide range of high performance polymer applications.
Additional objects and advantages of the present invention will be set forth in part in the description that follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned through the practice of the invention. The objects and advantages of the invention will be attained by means of the instrumentalities and combinations particularly pointed out in the appended claims. | 2024-05-22T01:26:19.665474 | https://example.com/article/7420 |
Q:
Is it possible to match regex using variable?
Here is my code
my $filename = 'text.log';
my $items = "donkey";
open(my $fh, '<:encoding(UTF-8)', $filename) or die "Cant open";
while (my $contents = <$fh>)
{
print "$contents";
if ( $items =~m/$contents/)
{ print "Found $contents";}
else { print "NOTHING\n";}
}
A:
Yes, but you'll need to remove the trailing newspace on each line ($contents =~ s/\n$//;):
#!/usr/bin/env perl
my $filename = 'text.log';
my $items = "donkey";
open(my $fh, '<:encoding(UTF-8)', $filename) or die "Cant open";
while (my $contents = <$fh>) {
print "$contents";
$contents =~ s/\n$//;
if ($items =~ m/$contents/) {
print "Found $contents\n";
} else {
print "NOTHING\n";
}
}
Test:
$ cat text.log
test
ok
donk
$ ./test.pl
test
NOTHING
ok
NOTHING
donk
Found donk
| 2024-02-06T01:26:19.665474 | https://example.com/article/3309 |
Harwood, Texas
Harwood, in Gonzales County, Texas, United States. According to the Handbook of Texas, the community had an estimated population of 112 in 2000.
Geography
Harwood is located at (29.6657863, −97.5052724). It is situated along U.S. Highway 90 in northern Gonzales County, approximately one mile north of Interstate 10. The nearest major city is San Antonio, located 60 miles to the west.
History
The community was founded in 1874 during the westward expansion of the Galveston, Harrisburg and San Antonio Railway. It was named after Thomas Moore Harwood, a lawyer from nearby Gonzales. At the time of its founding, a community known as Mule Creek was located one mile west of Harwood. A post office operated in Mule Creek from 1872 to 1874, when Harwood was granted a post office. By 1880, Harwood had an estimated population of 155. That figure had grown to 350 by the early 1890s. To prevent the opening of a saloon that was opposed by most local residents, Harwood was incorporated in 1913. The population was 200 at the 1920 census. After rising to 225 in 1930, Harwood slowly declined. Cotton production, which had been a major element of the local economy, decreased during the 1940s. The number of residents living in Harwood fell to 157 in 1950, 132 in 1960, and 112 in 1970. The town disincorporated during the 1970s. By 1990, Harwood had one large farm and ranch supply store, several businesses, and a community center with a collection of local memorabilia. Throughout the latter half of the twentieth century and into 2000, Harwood was home to approximately 112 residents.
Although it is unincorporated, Harwood has a post office, with the ZIP code of 78632.
Education
Public education in the community of Harwood is provided by the Gonzales Independent School District.
References
External links
Category:Unincorporated communities in Gonzales County, Texas
Category:Unincorporated communities in Texas
Category:Former cities in Texas | 2024-04-07T01:26:19.665474 | https://example.com/article/3921 |
Q:
How to deploy asp.NET web site and database
My solution explorer
Actually, i deployed one of hosting domain's but getting [Win32Exception (0x80004005): Access is denied] error.
Should i seperate database and web project ?
Here is the website
http://ogunadsay-001-site1.btempurl.com/
Support service just send me this:
You can call the .exe file through code,but we do not support it runs directly on the server,please debug it at your local and republish your site.
What does it mean?
EDIT:
I solve the problem with finding csc.exe file in smarterasp.net's file manager and changing it's permission to read/write.
A:
These instructions will apply specifically to the user's host: SmarterASP, although the instructions should be pretty universal.
First, from your Hosting Control Panel, select the site you want to deploy to and make sure VS Deploy is set to on:
I will note here the information that is provided under VS Web Deploy will go here (under Publish settings):
From the left control panel (SmarterASP), go to your Database Manager, select MSSQL Manager, and select +Add Database, (MSSQL 2012 or 2014 will be fine), name the database and create a password.
From visual studio, from the Publish menu (I'm assuming you at least made it this far), click the Settings Tab:
This is where you connect the Database Contexts from your project to a database. Click the "More settings" (The command buttons with elipses), and copy the connection information from your Database Manager (SmarterASP) into the fields.
Test your DB connections, and if you succeeded you're ready to go.
And to answer your question: the database is in fact separated from the project. Visual Studio runs a Local SQL server strictly for running locally, but when deploying the Database will be on an SQL Server.
Hope this helps.
| 2023-11-18T01:26:19.665474 | https://example.com/article/1004 |
Article content
OTTAWA — Former prime minister Stephen Harper has landed himself a job with an international law firm.
Dentons announced Monday that Harper has teamed up with the firm to provide clients with advice on market access, managing global geopolitical and economic risk, and maximize value in global markets.
We apologize, but this video has failed to load.
tap here to see other videos from our team. Try refreshing your browser, or International law firm Dentons hires former prime minister Stephen Harper Back to video
The law firm has on its roster former Liberal prime minister Jean Chretien, former ambassador to the U.S. Gary Doer, and James Moore, Harper’s former industry minister.
The company calls the relationship with Harper a “strategic affiliation,” noting that Harper remains chairman and CEO of his own consulting agency.
Harper will work out of the Dentons office in Calgary.
He officially resigned as an MP last monthafter stepping down as Conservative leader following the party’s 2015 election loss. | 2023-10-04T01:26:19.665474 | https://example.com/article/1562 |
Issues and Solutions for Collecting Biological Specimen in Longitudinal Studies: Experience from the Community Child Health Network Research Network.
The inclusion of biomarkers in studies of stress and health outcomes is of growing interest, including for community-based participatory research (CBPR) studies. Yet the perspectives of participants and communities have been infrequently consulted to inform the biomarker collection process. The objective of this paper is to describe the process and outcomes of using CBPR in framing biomarker collection in a study of allostatic load in a maternal and child health population. Through analysis of focus group data, we identify aspects of CBPR that facilitate increased community trust and endorsement related to collecting biological samples, and also provide a community perspective that is often overlooked in the literature. We found that a CBPR approach facilitated greater understanding among community members about the importance of biomarkers, while simultaneously informing the design of a biomarker data collection protocol that was responsive to the desired scope and data collection procedures that reflected community priorities. | 2023-10-05T01:26:19.665474 | https://example.com/article/5444 |
Axenic culture and characterization of Giardia ardeae from the great blue heron (Ardea herodias).
Trophozoites of Giardia ardeae were obtained from the great blue heron (Ardea herodias) and established in axenic culture using the TYI-S-33 medium. The generation time in culture for G. ardeae was 22-25 hr, which was 3-fold longer than for Giardia duodenalis (WB strain). A morphological comparison of trophozoites in the original intestinal isolate to those grown in culture revealed that they were identical for the following characteristics: a pyriform-shaped body, a ventral adhesive disc with a deep notch in the posterior border, teardrop-shaped nuclei, pleomorphism in median body structure ranging from a round-oval appearance (Giardia muris type) to that of a clawhammer (G. duodenalis type), and a single caudal flagellum on the right side (as viewed dorsally) with the left one being rudimentary. Analysis of the chromosomal migration patterns was performed by orthogonal-field-alternation gel electrophoresis and demonstrated that the pattern for G. ardeae was distinctly different from that for G. duodenalis (Portland 1-CCW strain). Bacterial symbionts were seen attached to trophozoites in the original isolate but could not be detected in cultured trophozoites using scanning electron microscopy, fluorescence light microscopy using the Hoechst 33258 dye for DNA localization, or by standard microbiological techniques using nonselective media for growing aerobic or anaerobic bacteria. This study demonstrated that avian-derived Giardia could be grown in axenic culture; based on morphological criteria and chromosomal migration patterns, that G. ardeae should be considered a distinct species; and that rationale for determining Giardia spp., based on median body structure alone, should no longer be considered adequate for classification at the species level. | 2024-02-27T01:26:19.665474 | https://example.com/article/4233 |
Under a DACA amnesty, American taxpayers would be left with a $26 billion bill. About one in five DACA illegal aliens, after an amnesty, would end up on food stamps, while at least one in seven would go on Medicaid. Since DACA’s inception under Obama, more than 2,100 illegal aliens have been kicked off the program after it was revealed that they were either criminals or gang members. JOHN BINDER
“America’s Got Talent” host Nick Cannon told a New York City radio station recently that Planned Parenthood – the nation’s largest abortion provider – has been committing “real genocide” against blacks.
“Think about all the stuff they did with Planned Parenthood and all of that type of stuff. That’s—that type of stuff is to take our community, and forget gentrification, it’s real genocide, and it’s been like that for years,” Cannon said in an interview on Nov. 17 with “The Breakfast Club” morning show, heard on Power 105.1 in New York City.
Black Abortion ‘Reported’ in 2013: 128,682 Babies Killed, 35% of Total: (CNSNews.com) – Although black Americans make up 13.3% of the U.S. population, they comprised 35% of the total abortions “reported” – 128,682 babies killed -- in 2013, according to the latest Abortion Surveillance report from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC).
An army of law enforcement officers led by Torrance police arrested 13 reputed South Los Angeles gang members Friday in a massive pre-dawn operation to break up an organized ring believed responsible for some 5,000 residential burglaries in five Southern California counties.
Of the 702 people shot to death by police this year, according to a database maintained by the Washington Post, 163 were black men, about 23 percent of the total. Whites made up roughly half the victims, while Hispanics, Native Americans, Asians, black women and people of mixed race made up the balance.
“America’s Got Talent” host Nick Cannon told a New York City radio station recently that Planned Parenthood – the nation’s largest abortion provider – has been committing “real genocide” against blacks.
“Think about all the stuff they did with Planned Parenthood and all of that type of stuff. That’s—that type of stuff is to take our community, and forget gentrification, it’s real genocide, and it’s been like that for years,” Cannon said in an interview on Nov. 17 with “The Breakfast Club” morning show, heard on Power 105.1 in New York City.
Black Abortion ‘Reported’ in 2013: 128,682 Babies Killed, 35% of Total: (CNSNews.com) – Although black Americans make up 13.3% of the U.S. population, they comprised 35% of the total abortions “reported” – 128,682 babies killed -- in 2013, according to the latest Abortion Surveillance report from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC).
An army of law enforcement officers led by Torrance police arrested 13 reputed South Los Angeles gang members Friday in a massive pre-dawn operation to break up an organized ring believed responsible for some 5,000 residential burglaries in five Southern California counties.
Of the 702 people shot to death by police this year, according to a database maintained by the Washington Post, 163 were black men, about 23 percent of the total. Whites made up roughly half the victims, while Hispanics, Native Americans, Asians, black women and people of mixed race made up the balance.
“America’s Got Talent” host Nick Cannon told a New York City radio station recently that Planned Parenthood – the nation’s largest abortion provider – has been committing “real genocide” against blacks.
“Think about all the stuff they did with Planned Parenthood and all of that type of stuff. That’s—that type of stuff is to take our community, and forget gentrification, it’s real genocide, and it’s been like that for years,” Cannon said in an interview on Nov. 17 with “The Breakfast Club” morning show, heard on Power 105.1 in New York City.
Black Abortion ‘Reported’ in 2013: 128,682 Babies Killed, 35% of Total: (CNSNews.com) – Although black Americans make up 13.3% of the U.S. population, they comprised 35% of the total abortions “reported” – 128,682 babies killed -- in 2013, according to the latest Abortion Surveillance report from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC).
An army of law enforcement officers led by
Torrance police arrested 13 reputed South Los Angeles gang members Friday in a
massive pre-dawn operation to break up an organized ring believed responsible
for some 5,000 residential burglaries in five Southern California counties.
Of the 702 people shot to death by police this year, according
to a database maintained by the Washington Post, 163 were
black men, about 23 percent of the total. Whites made up roughly half
the victims, while Hispanics, Native Americans, Asians, black women
and people of mixed race made up the balance.
“America’s Got Talent” host Nick Cannon told a New York City radio station recently that Planned Parenthood – the nation’s largest abortion provider – has been committing “real genocide” against blacks.
“Think about all the stuff they did with Planned Parenthood and all of that type of stuff. That’s—that type of stuff is to take our community, and forget gentrification, it’s real genocide, and it’s been like that for years,” Cannon said in an interview on Nov. 17 with “The Breakfast Club” morning show, heard on Power 105.1 in New York City.
A 15-year-old Mexican boy driving a minivan near the Texas-Mexico border was arrested Thursday for attempting to transport $1.1 million worth of marijuana into the United States, according to a U.S. Customs and Border Protection press release issued Monday. Border Patrol agents working near the Harlingen Station in the Rio Grande Valley on Thursday morning witnessed large bundles being loaded into a red minivan. The agents followed the van until the driver pulled over, jumped out of the car and ran away. Agents successfully chased down the driver. An inspection of the van yielded 1,380 pounds of marijuana, which have an estimated U.S. street value of more than $1 million, according to the release. This is a prime example of how transnational criminal organizations are exploiting the youth. These young lives are deliberately put in danger for the profit of smuggling drugs and immigrants, chief patrol agent Manuel Padilla Jr. said in a statement. We continue to work with the community by presenting to local schools warning our children of the outcomes of working for these organizations, not only by potentially facing prison time, but also death.
GRANJENO, Texas — Breitbart Texas encountered a total of 43 illegal immigrants in various groups in less than two hours as they were walking two miles north of the Rio Grande. The migrants, primarily from El Salvador, were looking for U.S. Border Patrol agents to pick them up.
While visiting a privately owned tract of land two miles from the Rio Grande in an area long touted by politicians as being part of a “secure” border region, this reporter encountered 43 illegal immigrants who were walking north from the river. The area visited by Breitbart Texas is used by the Gulf Cartel to move illegal immigrants from Central America and countries other than Mexico, while Mexican nationals, convicted criminals and previously deported aliens are moved through a separate area further west. In Starr County, Texas, the Gulf Cartel also moves the bulk of their drugs–taking advantage of the lacking physical border barriers and decreased presence of law enforcement.This reporter initially encountered a group of eight illegal immigrants including women and children, all from El Salvador.
Santos Aquino, an illegal immigrant from El Salvador, spoke with Breitbart Texas claiming they had fled from their home country out of fear of the raging gang violence there. During the short interview, Aquino said he hoped to get to New York to meet up with his wife and children and encouraged others to make the journey. The man said the U.S. was a blessed country and God would reward its kindness.
Moments after Aquino’s group left, Breitbart Texas encountered another group of 10 illegal immigrants from El Salvador. The children in the group were thirsty and asked if they could have some water.
The group continued walking north trying to find Border Patrol agents.
After the second group left, a convoy of U.S. Border patrol vehicles and private prison vans drove to the river. Shortly after, the convoy drove north again carrying an unknown number of illegal immigrants inside.
Breitbart Texas later encountered a group of five illegal immigrants made up of two women and three children. One of the women, who would not give her name, said they had left their home countries fearing the out-of-control violence there.
After that group left, more kept arriving and walking past as they sought Border Patrol agents to process and release them so they could reach their intended destinations. Breitbart Texas encountered various other groups who refused to be on camera and ran away when approached.
Ildefonso Ortiz is an award winning journalist with Breitbart Texas. He co-founded the Cartel Chronicles project and you can follow him on Twitter and on Facebook.
December 12, 2016
Nearing the Falls in America’s Drug Crisis
Never before in American history has our country faced a drug abuse, drug crime, and drug overdose crisis of the magnitude now confronting our society. Last week, the Centers for Disease Control (CDC), within the Department of Health and Human Services (HHS), announced that more than 50,000 Americans last year died from drug overdoses. That is a surge of death around us.
To be specific, we just saw an 11% jump, in one year, to 52,404 drug-related deaths. By comparison, 37,757 died in car crashes, an increase of 12%. Gun deaths, including homicides and suicides, totaled 36,252, a jump of 7%. Here is the kicker: law enforcement would confirm that many of car and gun deaths go right back to the drug crisis. What is becoming of us?
Reactions have been interesting, and somewhat revolting. Dismissive comments have ranged from indifference (“who cares?”) and blaming the enormous jump in drug-related deaths -- another during Obama’s tenure -- on the dead, most of whom are young -- to “must be criminals,” move along. The implication, of course, is that we need not care.
Finally, some take the perverse position that we should shrug and concede. If legalization brings this pain, brace for ramped-up overdoses, drugged driving, domestic abuse, and drug-related crime. Or they indulge the parallel delusion -- these are “voluntary” deaths, just suicides and addicts indulging to death in “recreation.” What addled brain takes this low road?
These reactions, top to bottom, are horrific -- a dangerous variant of mob behavior and cognitive dissonance. Taken from a distance, having seen the tragic rise over the past eight years, a larger tragedy is afoot. What is that? Dulling public reaction to these mounting young deaths. If there are 50,000 dead young people -- starting with high-potency marijuana, ending dead on opiates, heroin, cocaine, and other synthetics -- there must be tens of millions of Americans content to ignore the tragedy at their doorstep.
Historical comparisons are difficult, but also foreboding. No society long endures knowing escalation of preventable, intentional death of innocents -- right in its midst. To be clear: If we look the other way, we are also complicit in the crime. Edmund Burke said it, and worth memorizing: All it takes for evil to prevail is for good people to do nothing. What to do? Start caring, learning, understanding and speaking up -- against this accelerating tragedy.
There are those actually promoting this turn of events. They advance the escalation of drug-related deaths by billing smoked marijuana as “medicine” or “recreation” -- the line grows blurry. And the pernicious fiction that opiate, heroin, cocaine, and synthetic addictions are not being properly “managed.” And the grotesque fiction that addiction is harmless. Note: ask the family of any addict, or those hundred thousand parents who just lost a child last year, or the sister who lost her brother, teacher who lost another student. No, this is not a victimless crime.
How did we get here? How do we shake this growing seduction, societal indifference, heartlessness toward the young, disrespect for scientific facts and law -- where law embodies the society’s moral norms, public health, and public safety?
Can you not hear the distant sound of falls, hear the roar growing? In my youth, we spent time in the great outdoors, often in canoes, sometimes on rivers. The sound of waterfalls, which can come up fast, got quick respect. You got off the river. Reason was simple: If you ignore reality, comes a point of irreversibility, that fateful point of no return. Societies can also face such a point.
Today, as numbers go exponential in many drug categories, gangs and drug trafficking organizations (DTOs) penetrate formerly safe cities along with rural America. Homicides track spreading DTOs, explaining spikes in heroin deaths and homicides in places like Chicago and Baltimore. Yet, still we look away. We refuse to hear the falls.
Some states, even in the last election, sold the idea that profiting from our collective moral indifference, from knowing encouragement of early death for children, irretrievable heartbreak of parents, grandparents, siblings, friends, and teachers, is or should be acceptable. It should not be. They imagine that tax dollars will offset the human pain of state-sponsored drug abuse, addiction, and death. They are wrong.
Crime is not made right by plebiscite. Nor by believing bad things will happen, but not to you -- so they should be allowed. Or that legal crime is just an experiment, reversible, like addiction -- only neither easily are. Or that addictive potency can be ignored -- imagining drugs are beer. Or that drugged driving is not so bad -- until the car opposite crosses into your lane. In a flash -- you are at the falls. Like the child who did not want to die, misled by public officials.
Be alert. The intertwined tragedy -- rising death numbers and public indifference -- are growing, not shrinking. A president who demoted his top official battling addiction and drug crime to sub-cabinet rank told us a lot. A president -- and members of Congress, and even governors -- who laughs at marijuana and cocaine use, tell us a lot. They do not know the families, clinics, ERs, trapped children, trapped adults, law enforcement and civilian funerals. They do not know what they are saying or doing to America.
Time now to reverse this public and official indifference, and reverse these fictions. Major categories of drug abuse have doubled or worse within the past ten years. This trajectory is not sustainable, and does not bring self-respect, peace, health, public safety, lawful behavior -- or restore the identity Americans should want. A new Congress and the Trump team have a chance to get out of this right -- get out of this current, avoid the falls, reverse the crisis. No one has to be brilliant. They just have to -- we just have to -- care. It is about time, isn’t it? Can you hear the falls?
Robert Charles is a former Assistant Secretary of State for International Narcotics and Law Enforcement under George W. Bush, former Naval Intelligence Officer and litigator, who served in the Reagan and Bush 41 White Houses. He wrote the book Narcotics and Terrorism, and writes widely on national security and law.
It would also establish a “2-year mandatory minimum federal
prison sentence for illegally re-entering the U.S. after a previous
deportation, and a 5-year mandatory minimum for illegally re-entering for those
with felony convictions, multiple misdemeanor convictions, or two or more prior
deportations.”
Amnesty plan would cost
taxpayers $1.2 trillion
Hillary Clinton's plan to bring 11 million illegal aliens
"out of the shadows" would cost American households an immediate
tax increase of $1.2 trillion, or $15,000 per household, according to a study by
the National Academy of Sciences.
FROSTY WOOLDRIDGE:
MEXICO’S STAGGERING LOOTING IN OUR OPEN BORDERS….
Where did those vehicles go? Who stole them? Take a guess. Arizona is the
temporary home of 500,000 illegal aliens. They cost Arizona taxpayers over $1
billion annually in services for schools, medical care, welfare anchor babies,
loss of tax base and prisons. Illegals use those vehicles for smuggling more
people and drugs from around the world into our country. When the vehicles are
recovered, they are smashed-up wrecks in the desert. If not found, they have
new owners south of the border as thieves drive the cars through the desert and
into Mexico as easily as you drive your kids to soccer practice. THAT’S how
porous our borders are! | 2023-12-29T01:26:19.665474 | https://example.com/article/2020 |
By Boatswain’s Mate 1st Class Sam Ojeda, USS Carl Vinson (CVN 70) Deck Department
When I finally decided to face my demons and quit drinking a few months back, I didn’t realize how long and challenging the journey to full recovery would be. The urge to take a drink still rears its ugly head from time to time, I have a lot of bad dreams, and the list of people I have to make amends to for my lousy behavior when intoxicated seems to go on forever.
But more than anything else, I think the hardest part about being sober is always getting out of bed with such clear and vivid memories of whatever transsexual man I accidentally had intercourse with the previous evening.
Because really, it’s not something I’m proud of.
Back in my drinking days, I’d usually be so trashed in any given foreign port toward the end of the evening that when I finally realized the person I was anally penetrating from behind in some dark Pattaya Beach alley was a “he” rather than a “she,” I’d just blame it on the booze and chalk it off as an embarrassing lesson learned which I’d have almost zero ability to recollect the next morning.
Now that I’m sober, however, as soon as I open my eyes in the a.m. I can pretty much instantly recall every sordid detail of whatever sweaty and animalistic male-on-male sexual encounter I unwittingly stumbled into the night before.
Seriously: Sights, sounds, smells — whatever amount of baht or Philippine pesos changed hands the previous evening— those memories are all there, playing in back of my guilt-soaked brain like some sick and sadistic porno, as I just stand around completely sober and feeling more and more like a total idiot for somehow accidentally being duped into banging yet another transsexual.
I mean, it’s absolutely disgusting. No straight guy wants to deal with this stuff.
And not to make it seem like I’m feeling sorry for myself, but don’t you think it would have been really nice if maybe just one of the many books on recovery I’ve read lately could have mentioned that being completely sober while you’re getting naively tricked into pounding out a 19-year-old ladyboy in Phuket — and then stupidly giving him your email and Facebook info— could lead to such feelings of incompetence and shame?
And why didn’t anybody from my AA meetings (including my sponsor, Mike Lukyevitch) ever think to warn me that waking up and having to relive such gross and embarrassing encounters— like the night I mistakenly ended up in a Tijuana bathhouse wearing nothing but a Mexican luchador mask and blowing what I initially had assumed to be a legitimate female prostitute— is just something that all recovering alcoholics have to go through?
Come to think of it, why did all the people at my last meeting stare at me like I’d just run over their puppy when I told that story?
Sorry. I’m probably just spinning my wheels too much about all this. At the end of the day, I know the road to recovery is a long one, and that there will always be bumps and detours. What’s most important is that I never kid myself into thinking I have enough personal control over my disease to have just one or two drinks in hopes of self-medicating against the sick, vile memories of all the transsexuals I unintentionally sodomize on a regular basis.
Doing such a thing would mean that I’m simply in denial about my alcoholism.
And I refuse to be in denial about anything. | 2023-11-10T01:26:19.665474 | https://example.com/article/6163 |
Senate Dems discuss women’s health at panel
Sen. Andrea Stewart-Cousins and her fellow Democrats held a public forum on women’s health, inviting an all-female group of health experts to discuss legislation that has stalled in their chamber.
Tuesday morning’s forum is the latest in a series of similar sessions called by the minority conference to draw attention to Democratic legislation — also including measures concerning a minimum wage boost, hydrofracking and more — that has received no love from the Republican majority.
“I believe there is a concerted war against women,” said panel member Sen. Toby Stavisky in her opening comments, referring to the heavily politicized battle over reproductive rights nationwide. She is a sponsor of two bills that would expand insurance coverage and eliminate deductibles for certain cancer screenings.
The testimony began with a discussion of S.6342, sponsored by Sen. Shirley Huntley, that would require the dissemination of information about sexual assault counseling to female veterans.
Ardeane Greene-Cook, a former Army medic, offered testimony in favor of the bill and described a pattern of systematic sexual abuse and humiliation during her military service.
A drill sergeant, she said, told her, “You are here for the men’s pleasure,” soon after she enlisted.
Greene-Cook, who said she suffers from post-traumatic stress disorder as a result of her abuse, explained that it is difficult for military servicewomen to speak about their difficulties. “Once you’re in, you keep your mouth shut,” she said, citing fears of losing one’s benefits, education, and salary as the result of speaking out.
Further panel discussions focused on legislation introduced by Sens. Stewart-Cousins and Stavisky as well as Liz Krueger that would move provisions regarding abortion from the penal code to the health code.
Sabrina Shulman, testifying on behalf of NARAL Pro-Choice, said that the bill will help turn the reproductive rights discussion to engage a new generation of women who have grown up in a post-Roe v. Wade era. “For them, it has always been a health care issue, not a rights one,” Shulman said. “This isn’t a march-down-the-road-with-placards issue.”
The panel closed with a wide-ranging discussion of the impact of the federal Affordable Care Act and proposed changes to insurers’ coverage of women’s health issues.
Under the new federal law, which in New York has been expedited by Gov. Andrew Cuomo’s executive ordersetting up health exchanges, “Being a woman is no longer a pre-existing condition for health coverage,” said Jasmine Burnett of Raising Women’s Voices-NY.
But according to the legislators and experts at the forum, obstacles remain — and they pressed for the passage of current outstanding legislation.
Sen. Ruth Hassell-Thompson appealed to her Senate colleagues in her closing remarks.
“Those who aren’t sympathetic to women’s issues should certainly be sympathetic to children’s issues,” she said, saying that bills that would expand medical coverage and contraceptive availability central to family welfare. | 2023-12-22T01:26:19.665474 | https://example.com/article/9986 |
Wireless router cannot support more than one device
Hi all!
I have a TP-Link, TL-WA901ND router. It's kinda weird but...
When using the wireless router, I can connect more than one device (PC, laptop, smartphone) to the router. But only one device is able to use the internet! And only the first device that connects first, will be able to access the internet... The other devices will show "limited connection", and cannot use the internet.
Is there something wrong with my settings? Or is it the router?
This is the first time I face something like this... Please help me, thank you!!
if all else fails, reset ur router
i don't like TP link routers.
I had one but had lots of problems with wireless. always cannot connect wireless to it
reboot, reset also cannot work.
I changed to another brand a few months ago. | 2023-12-31T01:26:19.665474 | https://example.com/article/2345 |
List of longest films in India
This is a list of the longest films in India by running time.
List
Films released in multiple parts
References
Category:Lists of Indian films
Category:Top film lists
Category:Indian superlatives | 2024-02-22T01:26:19.665474 | https://example.com/article/6685 |
Q:
How to trim video in android?
I know the same question has been asked so many times, but I am not able to solve my issue.
Hi, I tried FFmpeg command for trimming video & it works quite good. I want to trim a video & it works, but the only problem I have is that it takes too much time to trim the file.A 24MB video file takes around 3 minutes to trim 2.30 minutes.Is there any way I can reduce this time.
I have tried following command for trimming video. i.e.
ffmpeg -y -i /sdcard/DCIM/Besharam.mp4 -ss 00:00:05 -to 00:02:35 -async 1 -strict -2 /sdcard/sai/cut.mp4
and
ffmpeg -y -i /sdcard/DCIM/Besharam.mp4 -ss 00:00:05 -to 00:02:35 -async 1 -strict -2 -s 640x360 -r 15 -vcodec mpeg4 -b 2097152 -ab 48000 -ac 2 -b 2097152 -ar 22050 /sdcard/sai/cut.mp4
A:
You can copy the codecs of your input file by providing the -c copy option. Furthermore seeking before specifying the input file is said to be faster but less accurate.
After implementing these 2 changes your command would look like:
ffmpeg -y -ss 00:00:05 -i /sdcard/DCIM/Besharam.mp4 -to 00:02:35 -async 1 -strict -2 -c copy /sdcard/sai/cut.mp4
| 2023-12-01T01:26:19.665474 | https://example.com/article/3166 |
Flat roof
Monday, 01 September 2014
Flat Roof Maintenance
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There are a variety of benefits to flat roofs but it is difficult to enjoy these benefits when flat roofs have been poorly maintained. When a flat roof has been efficiently maintained, it will be cost effective in the long run.
How to maintain your flat roof
A rolling stone might gather no moss but when the stone in question is one of several rolling off of your flat roof that might be of little consolation! Two common problems faced by owners of flat roofed properties are the build-up of moss or silt, or the free movement of improperly secured gravel chippings or pea shingle from the surface.
These issues are not something that you should encounter in the natural lifespan of your flat roof so should be taken as a sign warranting investigation. Flat roofs made with asphalt or tar paper may have a life expectancy of as little as 10 or 12 years, asphalt shingles can survive for around 35 years, whereas a well-made metal or slate pitched roof can last as long as 150 years. Whichever type of roof you have, it’s vital that you obtain adequate home insurance cover in case your shelter ever begins to leak.
Gravel flat roofs and pea shingle flat roofs
Gravel and pea shingle have two primary purposes on a flat roof; they provide a "loading coat" and they afford UV protection. As ballast, the gravel will help anchor the material underneath and lower the risk of it being blown off in high winds. As protection, the stones absorb some of the sun's rays, preventing the roof material from becoming brittle over time.
Both of these key functions can be impaired if the gravel has not been sufficiently fixed to the surface material. If it is not secure, then both functions can be negated completely, allowing under secured patches to catch the breeze and over-exposed areas to suffer from the sun.
Flat roof surface material
The shingle, when first laid, should be bonded properly to the surface material. This is usually achieved by being laid on mastic asphalt roofs while the mastic is still warm, or by being fixed down with a bitumen adhesive. Simply scattering stones across an unprepared or dry roof will not provide a surface that will withstand the test of time, and can be seen as a sign of poor quality workmanship.
It is important when getting a flat roof fitted, or re-fitted, that you make sure to use reputable tradesmen. Because flat roofs are more vulnerable to wind uplift than a pitched roof, if the gravel is not there to weigh it down then the nails fastening the material to the timber are the only things that stand between your roof and Mother Nature!
Managing moss or silt on a flat roof
If you find that moss or silt is building up on your flat roof, then it might be an indicator that the roof has not been built at the proper incline – yes, even flat roofs should have a slight incline to facilitate sufficient drainage. The incline should be somewhere between 1 in 40 and 1 in 80, to prevent rainwater pooling. Vegetation and moss can indicate that water is being held in sufficient quantity to allow growth and this can affect the timber sub-surface, ultimately leading to warping, ponding and internal leakage.
Flat roof insurance
Because flat felt roofing is seen as more vulnerable than standard pitched tiled roofs, you may find that obtaining house insurance is more difficult. Insurers can be reluctant or even unable to cover a property where more than 33% of the roof is flat because of the additional risk perceived. On top of this, many of the materials used to construct a flat roof deviate from the insurance industry’s preferred standard materials. Non-standard materials can also impact on your insurance.
However, at HomeProtect, we can provide you with an immediate online quote for flat roof home insurance, regardless of how much of your roof is flat, even if it is made from non-standard materials.
Flat Roof Removal
What is Acrypol?
A waterproof coating used in flat roof repairs. Acrypol is often used for patching repairs and can be applied in all weather conditions. It is an effective waterproofing solution for emergency flat roof repairs.
Monday, 01 September 2014
Ecologically speaking, green roofs are a very good idea. They replace the ecology that was removed in order to build your home, and provides a habitat for wildlife that otherwise would be gone for ever.
Tuesday, 24 November 2015
Monday, 01 September 2014
Ecologically speaking, green roofs are a very good idea. They replace the ecology that was removed in order to build your home, and provides a habitat for wildlife that otherwise would be gone for ever. | 2024-02-18T01:26:19.665474 | https://example.com/article/4698 |
To mark the launch of the new dishes signed by Michel Roth, on 1st February 2013, the Michelin- starred Chef offered Business customers a preview of his gourmet creations on board an Air France flight to Montreal on Monday.
During this flight, they were able to exclusively discover four dishes prepared by Michel Roth and two Servair chefs: Michel Quissac and Roger Passet. The three chefs replied to passengers’ questions and share their passion with a view to making this in-flight gourmet experience an exceptional interlude.
With menus featuring dishes signed by renowned Chefs, Air France intends to surprise its customers and promote its role of ambassador of fine cuisine and art of French hospitality. As from 1st February and for a period of 8 months, Air France’s Business class customers will be able to enjoy one of the six dishes signed by Michel Roth for Air France. This dish, one of the four main dishes on the menu, will be renewed twice a month for the pleasure of frequent travelers.
Originally from Lorraine, Michel Roth worked at the best restaurants in France, finally stopping at the Ritz, where he earned his second Michelin star as head chef of the restaurant “L’Espadon”. In 1991, he won the “Bocuse d’Or” award and the title of “Meilleur Ouvrier de France”.
Michel Roth’s cuisine, a mixture of authenticity, simplicity and humanity, has its roots in local French produce, where the authentic taste of French cuisine is respected. This rigor and creativity are shared and passed on to the Servair Chefs who make the dishes created by Michel Roth for Air France passengers.
As part of its Transform 2015 plan, Air France places customer satisfaction at the heart of its strategy and is developing initiatives geared to providing exceptional service. The Company is therefore inviting its customers to discover a unique gourmet experience in its Business class cabin and offers dishes signed by renowned French chefs on the menus on board long-haul flights departing from Paris. After Joël Robuchon and Guy Martin, Michel Roth is taking over as the next ambassador of fine French cuisine. | 2023-10-28T01:26:19.665474 | https://example.com/article/9625 |
Fuck you @ChickfilA you bowed down to the Degenerated Homo PC crowd ??
Im going back to work for @UPS.#MyLastTweet. https://t.co/h6dWUnsstg pic.twitter.com/AfMPiuWXsf — Chick-fil-A? (@LastChickFilA) November 18, 2019
“Cancel culture will stop when the extremists are gone, it’s not a slippery slope.”
Meanwhile, a chicken sandwich restaurant founded by Christian conservatives cancels the Salvation Army. https://t.co/F7ZeCo48ah — Allum Bokhari (@LibertarianBlue) November 18, 2019
friendship with the lord’s chicken ended https://t.co/IlaE6kSkkE — Homo Soypiens (@Homosoypiens) November 18, 2019
Capitalism, by its very nature, undermines social conservatism and established institutions. This is part of the reason the American Right is so dysfunctional – after the collapse of the USSR, there’s no reason why social conservatives and Wall Street should be in same coalition. https://t.co/VxeGSM09WP — James Kirkpatrick (@VDAREJamesK) November 18, 2019
If it's true that @ChickfilA merely refocusing charitable donations to “education, homelessness and hunger," then why is it cutting off @salvationarmy, a major charity helping the homeless and hungry? Stop lying, @ChickfilA. You're embarrassed by traditional Christians. — Rod Dreher (@roddreher) November 18, 2019
Chick fil A defied the LGBT rage mob for years and only grew in popularity because of it. Now all of a sudden they cave. This is the most pointless and counter productive surrender I’ve ever seen. — Matt Walsh (@MattWalshBlog) November 18, 2019
Shame, shame on you, @ChickfilA. You are the 3rd most successful fast food franchise in the US. You had no reason to capitulate. But you did. Yes, shame on the progressive bullies too — yet the greater shame is yours, Chick-fil-A, you cowards. https://t.co/eTfALNMUz4 — Rod Dreher (@roddreher) November 18, 2019
Chick-Fil-A has survived and thrived because they served everyone AND refused to cater to the cancel culture. Now they’ve caved at the behest of the censorious Left. This is a terrible move and just the latest indicator that the center cannot hold. https://t.co/dyb0Vbp5QS — Ben Shapiro (@benshapiro) November 18, 2019
Chick-fil-A caves to LGBTQBS/leftist pressure. It will no longer donate to Christian Charities. This includes the Paul Anderson youth home, The Fellowship of Christian athletes and the Salvation Army. . . . Go fuck yourself, Chick-Fil-A — Stonewall Jackson (@1776Stonewall) November 18, 2019
I preferred the Popeye’s sandwich anyway. — David French (@DavidAFrench) November 18, 2019
I’m defecting to Popeyes — EMPEROR WHITEPILL (@CptBlackPill) November 18, 2019
Conservatives are so weak that even Chick-fil-A doesn’t mind stepping on them. Muh conservative civil war – too little too late. https://t.co/zgMvRGUk0v — Ulfric (@Ulfric74) November 18, 2019
Chick-fil-A has managed to Unite the Right and its own customer base into sputtering rage with this move. There was no reason to cave to these people as the company has grown by leaps and bounds by defying them. This is why Chick-fil-A is always jam packed. This franchise is the last stand of implicit White evangelical Christian heterosexual identity.
Atlanta Journal Constitution:
“Atlanta-based Chick-Fil-A has stopped donating to The Salvation Army and the Fellowship of Christian Athletes, two organizations that have come under fire from LGBTQ activists. The company told the Thomson Reuters Foundation it has stopped donating to the organizations on Monday, according to CNBC. “We made multiyear commitments to both organizations, and we fulfilled those obligations in 2018,” a Chick-fil-A spokeswoman said. … “There’s no question we know that, as we go into new markets, we need to be clear about who we are,” Tassopoulos told Bisnow. “There are lots of articles and newscasts about Chick-fil-A, and we thought we needed to be clear about our message.”
Are you so weak that you are going to allow a bunch of militant faggots who want to destroy your company to bully you into pulling donations to the Salvation Army?
This is an insult to Chick-fil-A customers who have loyally stood by the company in support of its values when it was attacked by the mainstream media and whose patronage is responsible for its commercial success. Those customers should protest this decision which could be ruinous for the brand by taking their business elsewhere until it is reversed. Chick-fil-A management needs to be reminded in whose good graces they need to stand and it is not Big Fag. | 2024-05-05T01:26:19.665474 | https://example.com/article/1607 |
Federal judges block West Virginia redistricting
CHARLESTON, W.V. (Reuters) - A panel of three federal judges ruled on Tuesday that West Virginia’s congressional redistricting plan is unconstitutional and ordered the state’s legislature to submit a new plan.
In a two-to-one decision, the panel said the plan, which left the state’s three congressional districts virtually unchanged, does not provide equal representation in each district.
The court said the Democratic-led legislature, in drawing up the plan, focused too much on maintaining the status quo instead of making each district as equal in population as possible.
It gave the legislature until January 17 to submit an interim plan or the panel said it would choose its own plan.
The Jefferson County, West Virginia Commission filed suit last year against the redistricting plan, citing population differences among the districts and an ongoing breakup of state’s Eastern Panhandle, which gained population according to the 2010 U.S. Census.
The three-judge panel gave the legislature two weeks to come up with an alternative.
“”We hope that the Legislature avoids the 20-year-old gerrymander if it chooses a new plan by January 17,” said Stephen Skinner, attorney for the commission.
The current configuration has been around since 1991, when West Virginia went to three districts from four districts.
Democratic Senate Majority Leader John Unger, who represents several Eastern Panhandle counties, said he expects the legislature to act quickly.
“Now the Legislature is charged with going back and doing it right. I’m cautiously optimistic that we will,” he said.
Democrats hold majorities in both chambers of the state legislature and the governor’s office. | 2024-07-02T01:26:19.665474 | https://example.com/article/9763 |
Andre Iguodala begins this interview in typical Iguodala fashion. He tells you, "No," there's a slew of curse words, and then he motions that you should begin. Iguodala, who turns 32 on Jan. 28, is something of an NBA curmudgeon. Though still an elite athlete, he's a crotchety wise man, hair sprinkled with gray, dispensing his knowledge via ornate critique. His rebukes usually end with a smile, thankfully.
Known by a few Warriors as "the smartest teammate I ever had," Iguodala can be inscrutable at times. He obsesses over process, but gives little to no indication as to whether the result brings happiness. "All my trophies still in bags," he said after a victory in Denver. "I don't care too much, yet. Maybe [it's] me. Maybe I'll never care. I just like playing ball."
While icing his knees after a long practice, Iguodala spoke with ESPN.com about his process, his past and his ambitions.
Ethan Sherwood Strauss: You've said before that you're like a crazy coach on the floor. I'm wondering, when did that start for you?
Andre Iguodala: I think it was in me. I just didn't know it as a kid. You wanted to do everything really well. Like I can remember when we did left-hand layups in practice. I wanted to be the first guy to make a left-hand layup in a game at a very young age and I was happy. Everyone was like, 'You made a left-hand layup.' That was what was important to me, to do everything well on the court. So it just kind of evolved into bigger roles as I've gotten older.
In college [at Arizona], we had certain principles. Don't drive baseline. We wanted to penetrate middle. I wanted to do all the things really well and effectively and it's kind of translated to the NBA, and as an older [player], playing with younger guys and the second group, we gotta do everything perfect. Like, crisp pass, come to a jump stop. Pivot out of a trap. Get to the fourth or fifth options. Can we do that? Can we challenge ourselves? It's just, I don't know, it's just a crazy part of me. You do something for so long, you just want to keep evolving.
Strauss: Do you like teaching? Do you find it more gratifying or more frustrating?
Iguodala: It's more frustrating to teach. That's why I like to show by example. This is how we should do it. This is how it's done. When we go over this in practice, translate it to the game and when it's translated to the game, I'm really cheering for guys. I'm really like a fan of the guys, like 'Oh, OK, you get it, you're getting better every day.' I'm seeing improvement. I'm not really teaching them; I'm seeing them take something they've learned and implement it into the game.
Strauss: You like seeing people grow. That's something that's gratifying to you.
Iguodala: Yeah, so, I'm on Ian [Clark], I'm on [James Michael] McAdoo, I'm on Festus [Ezeli] a little bit. And it's like, 'Every play, you find something wrong.' I'm like, 'If I find something wrong, I'ma' say it cuz I want you to be great. I want you to protect what you're doing. I know you can't be perfect, but I want you to maximize all your time while you're in the NBA.' Because tomorrow's not promised, right. For everybody.
Strauss: I know your aspirations are bigger than basketball, but when you're talking about this, you sound like a coach. You sound like you want to be that in future.
"It's more frustrating to teach. That's why I like to show by example. This is how we should do it. This is how it's done. When we go over this in practice, translate it to the game and when it's translated to the game, I'm really cheering for guys."
Iguodala: Nah, I don't think I can coach. I mean, [if] Luke [Walton] gets a head-coaching job, if I get bored, I might help him out. ... I see myself doing that for a year here, a year there, but just because I'm bored. There's other things I think I can do that I feel like is bigger than basketball, that I'm really excited about.
Strauss: I don't think people really know about the courtside scene at Oracle right now, how it's this scene for all these tech billionaires. I'm wondering, are you working the room a lot these days? Is that your scene?
Iguodala: Not in Oracle. I try to let the people I do business with off the court know that I'm serious about my business off the court. So I try not to mix the two. I don't want to be a basketball player that's a businessman. I want to be a businessman that's a business. I try to parlay if you can. I want them to know that I'm serious about what I'm doing and it's a priority to me.
Strauss: What attracts you to the tech business? Is it the technology or is it just the money?
Iguodala: Both, obviously. But I think more than anything, if you can find a market to disrupt, and the whole building process. It's not even about the money. The building process, setting out a plan, setting out a business plan, setting up the game plan, it' s just like playing basketball. We be practicing something every day, you're preparing for something 10, 15 years of your life, and then you finally, in reality it comes true. It's the same thing. Come up with a business plan. First, it's like investing: You find little companies you invest in, you're seeing them grow, you're helping them out, you're helping the company grow. Then when you find your own company, and you build that, that's a lot of fun. And I'm in the process of starting something with a close friend and we're going to be amazing when it starts to really grow and I'm really excited about it.
The tech titans and the tech guys who I most admire are the ones behind the scenes. Building companies, they're the ones that are making the most profit, because they're putting everyone in a position, they're placing CEOs. They're placing CFOs. They're really putting the infrastructure of the company together as they're investing in it. It's like being a GM, but you'll never hear their names. Those are the guys that I admire the most.
Even in his 12th season, Andre Iguodala remains one of the game's better athletes. Noah Graham/NBAE/Getty Images
Strauss: Do you aspire to become a billionaire?
Iguodala: If that's what comes of it.
Strauss: It's about the process for you?
Iguodala: The process is so much fun. The process is a lot of fun, even if it doesn't amount to a billion dollars or what you see, even if you lose money, it's just learning from it and then starting the next one. Learning from that and starting the next one. Because from ourselves, I know what it takes to put in the work and get somewhere like this place. Like it's only 400 guys in the world playing NBA basketball. That's one of the hardest things to do is to make it as a professional athlete. So I know the work ethic and I see it and I know the time that I have to put in to get there. It's the challenge that's a lot of fun.
Strauss: I know you're really on the ball with [the tech industry] and you're really knowledgeable about it (having invested in several companies), but do you feel like there's this barrier because people don't know that about you and might make assumptions about you as an athlete?
Iguodala: Oh yeah, that's always there, but that's another challenge. You just going to have to overcome, they just think you've got an amount of wealth that you think you can just play around with. You're not as well-versed as them, but you're more experienced than they are, actually. Because, what I've done to get to where I'm at can translate to success of other tech companies. I may not have done it in that world, but I've done it in my world and I will bring some of the things that I can to that world and then finding my deficiencies, hiring the best people to fill those deficiencies and I think that's how you grow and build.
Strauss: Would you rather be broadly understood by the public as who you are as a person or as a basketball player?
Iguodala: I'd rather be as a person, obviously. Because as a basketball player, if you read anything negative, it's 'basketball player Andre Iguodala.' If you read anything positive it's 'basketball player Andre Iguodala.' That takes away the person. Sometimes they forget that you're actually a human being. They forget that you can make a mistake. I curse, I might say something bad about someone, I pray like everybody else, most people, I need sleep like most people. I get tired, I get drained, I get emotionally up and down. They forget about that and they kind of put you on a pedestal and, I shouldn't say it but they're almost like waiting for your downfall and they're waiting to attack you. But I think it's getting better because with social media, you can kind of use it the right way, you can connect with people a little bit better and they start to understand who you really are.
"... what I've done to get to where I'm at can translate to success of other tech companies. I may not have done it in that world, but I've done it in my world and I will bring some of the things that I can to that world."
Strauss: I have a theory with you where people didn't initially know how smart you are and some of the things about you because you look athletic.
Iguodala: Exactly. Exactly. And they don't understand that, I try to use my brain on the court and off the court. So I know like, in order to play in this league 15 years, I gotta eat right, I gotta lift weights. So when I get on the court I look a certain way and they're like, 'This guy's cut up, he's just a physical specimen, he's just an athlete,' and then that's all they see and it's like, no, I actually put time into having my body look this way. And you gotta have, some guys it's just in them, they're just going to be physically gifted, but over a long sort of period of time, it may not always be like that. But we can talk on and on and on about that.
Strauss: Is there any sort of moment you remember where people made that kind of assumption and didn't know the real you?
Iguodala: Oh yeah, I mean it's just like high school. Like, in high school people always assume that, even in middle school actually, teachers didn't know that I was in the higher-track classes because they weren't my teachers. They just assume that I was good at basketball ... but there was like, two of me in that class. There were only two of us that looked like that.
Strauss: Looked like what?
Iguodala: That had this type of, this dark ... There was only two of us in that class and even my teammates didn't know. And I think my senior year I was athlete of the week and then I was in the paper a few times for student athlete of the week, and I had 3.8 GPA. I go to the barber shop and it was like, 'Yo, you got straight A's in school?' And I'm like, 'Yeah.' Everybody shocked. Black people, the white people, everybody just like, because that's all they identified me as, just a basketball player. They never saw me. That's what they associated me with.
Strauss: I'm guessing you were good at math.
Iguodala: Yeah, that was my favorite subject. Pre-calculus was a tough subject, but Ms. White, that was my favorite teacher, and she always wanted me to be a math teacher. She was like, 'You should become a math teacher because there aren't many African-American male athletes [who are teachers]. You can have the biggest presence among students, so I always had a special relationship with her.
Strauss: The interview setting postgame, it's really sort of awkward, right? It's like, there are a lot of reporters bothering a lot of players who don't want to answer questions. I feel like you like to shake up that dynamic and remind people of it. Why?
Iguodala: That's more or less just me having fun, and it's kind of like my dry sense of humor and that's how I move myself from the tension, you understand? I think the best way to go about dealing with media is just having fun with it. And for me having fun is just, I'm laughing with myself. Nobody else may understand it, but that's what I enjoy by myself. I'm laughing, but what's so funny it's just, I like to laugh with myself. It sounds weird, but that's what I like to do. | 2024-07-19T01:26:19.665474 | https://example.com/article/6959 |
[Early and late results of treatment of patients with incarcerated inguinal hernia].
Under analysis are results of the treatment of 101 patients with incarcerated inguinal hernias. Thirteen patients died (12,9%), twelve of them were older than 60. In 19 patients (12 of them died) there were necrotic alterations in the incarcerated intestine. Remote results were followed after 34 operations (8 patients had recurrences). After 8 operations with the Kukudzhanov plasty no recurrences were observed. The authors believe that the execution of modern methods of plasty with the involvement of the Cooper's ligament when indicated can considerably improve remote results. | 2023-08-13T01:26:19.665474 | https://example.com/article/9182 |
I stayed two weeks in the north of Portugal in the vicinity of the city of Porto. The coast there is amazing, with sandy beaches and rocky formations everywhere. I took some photographs here during sunset, mainly in the area between the village of Espinho and the Capela do Sinhor da Pedra.
The Kaapse Bossen are one of the most beautiful forests in The Netherlands. Famous for its autumn colors. This year I made a long walk through the forest, capturing as much of the colorful beauty as I could. | 2024-06-26T01:26:19.665474 | https://example.com/article/4887 |
Agudelo lifts Red Bulls to 1-1 draw with Whitecaps
New York coach Hans Backe called Saturday's game against the expansion Vancouver Whitecaps a "must-win."
Well, Backe's club didn't win. But the Red Bulls didn't lose either — for a league-high 15th time this year, tying a league record.
Reserve forward Juan Agudelo scored a goal off a fine feed from Rafa Marquez in the 68th minute, lifting the Red Bulls to a 1-1 tie with the league's worst team.
Agudelo entered in the 62nd minute as a substitute and scored his sixth goal of the season, but the Red Bulls, playing down a man after Jan Gunnar Solli was ejected right before halftime, could not get the go-ahead goal and fell to 6-6-15 overall.
It was the eighth straight match without a win for the Red Bulls, going 0-3-5 during that span.
The Red Bulls have 33 points, one ahead of Portland and two ahead of D.C. United for the last playoff spot.
"We're still in it and that's a good thing," Backe said. "It's unbelievable with all the tied games. I still think we're good enough to pick up wins. Time is running out (the Red Bulls have seven games remaining) and we need to get wins. It's frustrating, of course, and not normal. It's more frustrating that we're getting injuries and red cards and just can't get a rhythm going."
The Whitecaps (4-13-10) remained winless on the road this season, posting an 0-10-5 record.
The Whitecaps scored in the 23rd minute, when Camilo moved down the right side, then passed into the box to Davide Chiumiento, who whirled and did a 180-degree spin to fire a right-footed shot over Bouna Coundoul into the net. It was Chiumiento's second goal of the season, but he was upset with his team's performance after getting the lead.
"The second half, we didn't play with any energy or desire to win the game," Chiumiento said. "It's tough. We're not ready mentally to win on the road. We played a good first half and the second half we drew a blank. We didn't show enough courage to win the game."
Solli received a red card from referee Terry Vaughn in extra time in the first half. The ejection of Solli enabled Vancouver to play more conservatively and enabled it to keep the action away from the Red Bulls for most of the second half.
The Red Bulls drew even when Marquez lifted a 50-yard crossing pass right to the foot of Agudelo, who slid the ball past a stunned Vancouver goalkeeper Joe Cannon for the game-tying goal. It was the teenager's sixth goal of the season.
"I was very happy to see him make a difference," Backe said. "He played with passion and was physically strong. It's great to see him perform like that and he's a player we have to see if he can start in the future."
The Red Bulls had two golden chances to take the lead in the 78th minute, when Agudelo's header was stopped by Gannon and Dane Richards' rebound shot was fired hard into Gannon's midsection.
"I never had a team like this with so many ties," veteran defender Carlos Mendes said. "It's very difficult to keep getting ties. We need to fix it quick." | 2023-08-20T01:26:19.665474 | https://example.com/article/4898 |
Once again, it’s time to return to The Art of Bullshido. So far, we have covered Ashida Kim and George Dillman. This time with... | 2023-11-13T01:26:19.665474 | https://example.com/article/3478 |
AGL Energy has categorically rejected arguments from the Turnbull government that it is abusing its market power, saying if it wanted to benefit commercially from the closure of the Liddell power plant it would have shuttered the facility with no warning.
An AGL spokesman hit back at an accusation from the former deputy prime minister and Nationals leader Barnaby Joyce that it was “shorting” the market by hanging on to the ageing coal-fired power plant. “It is not possible to short a market by giving seven years’ notice of closure,” the spokesman said.
“If AGL’s intent was to benefit from the closure of Liddell, AGL would have provided no notice of closure.”
Pushback from the energy company that once again finds itself at the centre of a political storm about energy policy comes as the chief executive of the Australian Energy Market Operator, Audrey Zibelman, says the electricity market in New South Wales would benefit from more competition.
In an interview with Guardian Australia, the Aemo chief said a signal from the Hong-Kong owned Alinta Energy that it would like to buy the Liddell facility and extend its operating life beyond 2022 was positive, and a sign the energy market was working.
The Turnbull government has been attempting to ratchet up public pressure on AGL for months to extend the life of the NSW coal plant until an expansion of the Snowy Hydro scheme is completed – but AGL has its own plans for the site.
The company wants to shut down Liddell in 2022 and replace it with renewables, batteries, gas power, upgraded coal power and demand response.
In an effort to push past AGL’s hard-baked resistance, the government has over the past few days brokered a potential offer by Alinta, a company which has ready access to capital, and is looking to expand its market share.
In a further sign AGL does not plan to change course, its chief executive, Andy Vesey, told Fairfax Media interference in the market would raise issues of ‘‘sovereign risk’’ that could deter investment in new energy assets.
When approached by Alinta, Vesey told it AGL was “not in the process of selling, so there is no process’’, although has since said publicly it would take any offer to its board for consideration.
Zibelman said it was not the role of the energy market operator to determine which company should deliver the capacity required in the market, but to ensure sufficient capacity was available in the event the Liddell plant was retired. “We are agnostic. Our concern is making sure the kit is there.”
But echoing a similar observation from the head of Australia’s competition watchdog, Rod Sims, prompted by the potential Alinta bid for Liddell, Zibelman said the energy market in NSW would benefit from more competition.
“I think that any market benefits from more competition. I think about it from the perspective of what’s the value of competition – multiple players looking to drive value to consumers,” the Aemo chief said. “When you have more players doing that, then consumers benefit”.
She said Aemo had given advice to the Turnbull government last month that an environment needed to be created encouraging multiple competitors to bring forward options to supply the market in order to prevent a shortfall occurring if Liddell exited the system, and if AGL failed to deliver all the elements of its transition plan.
“The market is open now and the fact is anyone could come in. Aemo has identified a gap, we don’t need a government process of any type to allow anyone to come in and say, ‘I’d like to fill that gap,’ to put up their hand, and put their money at risk,” Zibelman said.
“When Aemo is talking about competition and the benefit of competition, it’s to say we need someone, various parties, to put their hand up and come in and be willing to essentially offer to meet the supply need in the market.
“One way that could be met of course is for someone to come in and say they are happy to purchase the Liddell plant and keep it open. That’s one way the gap could be met.
“That’s good, that’s the market working. I don’t think it precludes anyone at this point from doing other things, it’s just the process of the market responding to an identified gap.”
While the Turnbull government focuses on extending the life of Liddell, the Monash group of Coalition MPs has called for consideration of a new coal power plant.
The chief executive of Snowy Hydro, Paul Broad, has warned the government would “do their dough” if they bowed to this pressure, backing treasurer Scott Morrison’s view that the economics of a new coal power plant do not stack up. | 2024-01-25T01:26:19.665474 | https://example.com/article/5311 |
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QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the quarterly period ended June 30, 2019
¨
TRANSITION REPORT UNDER SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the transition period from ____________ to ___________
Commission file number: 000-54208
BioCorRx Inc.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
Nevada
90-0967447
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)
(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)
2390 East Orangewood Avenue, Suite 575
Anaheim, California 92806
(Address of principal executive offices) (zip code)
(714) 462-4880
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
Title of each class
Trading Symbol(s)
Name of each exchange on which registered
N/A
N/A
N/A
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes x No ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§ 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). Yes x No ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
Large accelerated filer
¨
Accelerated filer
¨
Non-accelerated filer
x
Smaller reporting company
x
Emerging growth company
¨
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ¨No x
As of August 13, 2019, there were 3,059,506 shares of registrant’s common stock outstanding.
This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. All statements contained in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q other than statements of historical fact, including statements regarding our future results of operations and financial position, our business strategy and plans, and our objectives for future operations, are forward-looking statements. The words “believe,” “may,” “will,” “estimate,” “continue,” “anticipate,” “intend,” “expect,” and similar expressions are intended to identify forward-looking statements. We have based these forward-looking statements largely on our current expectations and projections about future events and trends that we believe may affect our financial condition, results of operations, business strategy, short-term and long-term business operations and objectives, and financial needs. These forward-looking statements are subject to a number of risks, uncertainties and assumptions. Moreover, we operate in a very competitive and rapidly changing environment. New risks emerge from time to time. It is not possible for our management to predict all risks, nor can we assess the impact of all factors on our business or the extent to which any factor, or combination of factors, may cause actual results to differ materially from those contained in any forward-looking statements we may make. In light of these risks, uncertainties and assumptions, the future events and trends discussed in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q may not occur and actual results could differ materially and adversely from those anticipated or implied in the forward-looking statements. We undertake no obligation to revise or publicly release the results of any revision to these forward-looking statements, except as required by law. Given these risks and uncertainties, readers are cautioned not to place undue reliance on such forward-looking statements.
Unless expressly indicated or the context requires otherwise, the terms “BioCorRx,” “company,” “we,” “us,” and “our” in this document refer to BioCorRx, Inc., a Nevada corporation, and, where appropriate, its wholly owned subsidiaries.
BioCorRx Inc., through its subsidiaries, develops and provides innovative treatment programs for substance abuse and related disorders. The BioCorRx® Recovery Program is a non-addictive, medication-assisted treatment (MAT) program for substance abuse that includes peer recovery support. The UnCraveRx™ Weight Loss Management Program is a medically assisted weight management program that is combined with a virtual platform application. The full program is estimated to launch in October 2019. The Company is also engaged in the research and development of sustained release naltrexone products for the treatment of addiction and other possible disorders. Specifically, the company is developing an injectable (BICX101) and implantable naltrexone (BICX102) with the goal of future regulatory approval with the Food and Drug Administration.
On July 28, 2016, the Company formed BioCorRx Pharmaceuticals, Inc., a Nevada Corporation, for the purpose of developing certain business lines. In connection with the formation, the newly formed sub issued 24.2% ownership to officers of the Company with the Company retaining 75.8%. In 2018, BioCorRx Pharmaceuticals, Inc. began operating activities (Note 14).
Effective January 22, 2019, the Company amended its Articles of Incorporation to implement a reverse stock split in the ratio of 1 share for every 100 shares of common stock. As a result, 259,984,655 shares of the Company’s common stock were exchanged for 2,599,847 shares of the Company’s common stock. These condensed consolidated financial statements have been retroactively restated to reflect the reverse stock split (See Note 12).
NOTE 2 – SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
Interim Financial Statements
The following (a) condensed consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2018, which has been derived from audited financial statements, and (b) the unaudited condensed consolidated interim financial statements of the Company have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (“GAAP”) for interim financial information and the instructions to Form 10-Q and Rule 8-03 of Regulation S-X. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and footnotes required by GAAP for complete financial statements. In the opinion of management, all adjustments (consisting of normal recurring accruals) considered necessary for a fair presentation have been included. Operating results for the three and six months ended June 30, 2019 are not necessarily indicative of results that may be expected for the year ending December 31, 2019. These condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements and notes thereto for the year ended December 31, 2018 included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) on April 16, 2019.
Basis of presentation
The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of BioCorRx Inc. and its wholly owned subsidiary, Fresh Start Private, Inc. and its majority owned subsidiary, BioCorRx Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (hereafter referred to as the “Company” or “BioCorRx”). All significant intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.
Revenue Recognition
The Company recognizes revenue in accordance with Financial Accounting Standards Board “FASB” Accounting Standards Codification “ASC” 606. A five-step analysis a must be met as outlined in Topic 606: (i) identify the contract with the customer, (ii) identify the performance obligations in the contract, (iii) determine the transaction price, (iv) allocate the transaction price to the performance obligations, and (v) recognize revenue when (or as) performance obligations are satisfied. Provisions for discounts and rebates to customers, estimated returns and allowances, and other adjustments are provided for in the same period the related sales are recorded. There were no changes to the Company’s revenue recognition policy from the adoption of ASC 606.
The Company has elected the following practical expedients in applying ASC 606:
·
Unsatisfied Performance Obligations - all performance obligations relate to contracts with a duration of less than one year. The Company has elected to apply the optional exemption provided in ASC 606 and therefore, is not required to disclose the aggregate amount of the transaction price allocated to performance obligations that are unsatisfied or partially unsatisfied at the end of the reporting period.
·
Contract Costs - all incremental customer contract acquisition costs are expensed as they are incurred as the amortization period of the asset that the Company otherwise would have recognized is one year or less in duration.
·
Significant Financing Component - the Company does not adjust the promised amount of consideration for the effects of a significant financing component as the Company expects, at contract inception, that the period between when the entity transfers a promised good or service to a customer and when the customer pays for that good or service will be one year or less.
·
Sales Tax Exclusion from the Transaction Price - the Company excludes from the measurement of the transaction price all taxes assessed by a governmental authority that are both imposed on and concurrent with a specific revenue-producing transaction and collected by the Company from the customer.
·
Shipping and Handling Activities - the Company elected to account for shipping and handling activities as a fulfillment cost rather than as a separate performance obligation.
·
Modified Retrospective Method - the Company adopted ASC 606 on January 1, 2019 utilizing the modified retrospective method allowing the Company to not retrospectively adjust prior periods. The Company applied the modified retrospective method only to contracts that were not completed at January 1, 2019 and accounted for the aggregate effect of any contract modifications upon adoption.
The Company’s net sales are disaggregated by product category. The sales/access fees consist of product sales. The distribution rights income consists of the income recognized from the amortization of distribution agreements entered into for its products.
The following table presents the Company’s net sales by product category for the three months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018:
Three months Ended
June 30,
2019
June 30,
2018
Sales/access fees
$
7,500
$
39,500
Distribution rights income
58,476
59,174
Net sales
$
65,976
$
98,674
The following table presents the Company’s net sales by product category for the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018:
The Company licenses proprietary products and protocols to customers under licensing agreements that allow those customers to utilize the products and protocols in services they provide to their customers. The timing and amount of revenue recognized from license agreements depends upon a variety of factors, including the specific terms of each agreement. Such agreements are reviewed for multiple performance obligations. Performance obligations can include amounts related to initial non-refundable license fees for the use of the Company’s products and protocols and additional royalties on covered services.
The Company granted license and sub-license agreements for various regions or States in the United States allowing the licensee to market, distribute and sell solely in the defined license territory, as defined, the products provided by the Company. The agreements are granted for a defined period or perpetual and are effective as long as annual milestones are achieved.
Terms for payments for licensee agreements vary from full cash payment to defined terms. In cases where license or sub-license fees are uncollected or deferred; the Company nets those uncollected fees with the deferred revenue for balance sheet presentation.
The Company amortizes license fees over the shorter of the economic life of the related contract life or contract terms for each licensee.
The following table presents the changes in deferred revenue, reflected as current and long term liabilities on the Company’s consolidated balance sheet:
Balance as of December 31, 2018:
Short term
$
209,474
Long term
207,523
Total as of December 31, 2018
$
416,997
Cash payments received
-
Net sales recognized
(117,000
)
Balance as of June 30, 2019
299,997
Less short term
131,434
Long term
$
168,563
Use of Estimates
The preparation of the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Significant estimates include assumptions used in the fair value of stock-based compensation, the fair value of other equity and debt instruments, right-to-use assets, lease liabilities, fair value of intangible assets, useful lives of assets and allowance for doubtful accounts.
Accounts Receivable
Accounts receivable are recorded at original invoice amount less an allowance for uncollectible accounts that management believes will be adequate to absorb estimated losses on existing balances. Management estimates the allowance based on collectability of accounts receivable and prior bad debt experience. Accounts receivable balances are written off against the allowance upon management’s determination that such accounts are uncollectible. Recoveries of accounts receivable previously written off are recorded when received. Management believes that credit risks on accounts receivable will not be material to the financial position of the Company or results of operations. The allowance for doubtful accounts was $400 and $12,500 as of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively.
Fair value estimates discussed herein are based upon certain market assumptions and pertinent information available to management as of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018. The respective carrying value of certain financial instruments approximated their fair values. These financial instruments include cash, accounts payable and accrued expenses, and notes payable. The fair value of the Company’s convertible securities is based on management estimates and reasonably approximates their book value.
See Footnote 11 and 12 for stock based compensation and other equity instruments.
Segment Information
Accounting Standards Codification subtopic Segment Reporting 280-10 (“ASC 280-10”) establishes standards for reporting information regarding operating segments in annual financial statements and requires selected information for those segments to be presented in interim financial reports issued to stockholders. ASC 280-10 also establishes standards for related disclosures about products and services and geographic areas. Operating segments are identified as components of an enterprise about which separate discrete financial information is available for evaluation by the chief operating decision maker, or decision-making group, in making decisions how to allocate resources and assess performance. The information disclosed herein materially represents all of the financial information related to the Company’s principal operating segment.
Long-Lived Assets
The Company follows a “primary asset” approach to determine the cash flow estimation period for a group of assets and liabilities that represents the unit of accounting for a long-lived asset to be held and used. Long-lived assets to be held and used are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. The carrying amount of a long-lived asset is not recoverable if it exceeds the sum of the undiscounted cash flows expected to result from the use and eventual disposition of the asset. Long-lived assets to be disposed of are reported at the lower of carrying amount or fair value less cost to sell.
The Company evaluates the recoverability of long-lived assets based upon forecasted undiscounted cash flows. Should impairment in value be indicated, the carrying value of the assets will be adjusted, based on estimates of future discounted cash flows resulting from the use and ultimate disposition of the asset. No impairments was recognized for the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018.
Intangible Assets
Intangible assets with finite lives are amortized over their estimated useful lives. Intangible assets with indefinite lives are not amortized, but are tested for impairment annually. No impairment was recognized for the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018.
Property and Equipment
Property and equipment are stated at cost, less accumulated depreciation. Depreciation is calculated using the straight-line method over the asset’s estimated useful life of 5 to 15 years. Expenditures for maintenance and repairs are expensed as incurred. When retired or otherwise disposed, the related carrying value and accumulated depreciation are removed from the respective accounts and the net difference less any amount realized from disposition is reflected in earnings.
Leases
The Company determines if an arrangement is a lease at inception. Operating lease right-of-use assets (“ROU assets”) and short-term and long-term lease liabilities are included on the face of the condensed consolidated balance sheet.
ROU assets represent the right to use an underlying asset for the lease term and lease liabilities represent the Company’s obligation to make lease payments arising from the lease. Operating lease ROU assets and liabilities are recognized at commencement date based on the present value of lease payments over the lease term. As most of the Company’s leases do not provide an implicit rate, the Company uses an incremental borrowing rate based on the information available at commencement date in determining the present value of lease payments. The operating lease ROU asset also excludes lease incentives. The Company’s lease terms may include options to extend or terminate the lease when it is reasonably certain that the Company will exercise that option. Lease expense for lease payments is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term. The Company has lease agreements with lease and non-lease components, which are accounted for as a single lease component. For lease agreements with terms less than 12 months, the Company has elected the short-term lease measurement and recognition exemption, and it recognizes such lease payments on a straight-line basis over the lease term.
The Company accounts for net income (loss) per share in accordance with Accounting Standards Codification subtopic 260-10, Earnings Per Share (“ASC 260-10”), which requires presentation of basic and diluted earnings per share (“EPS”) on the face of the statement of operations for all entities with complex capital structures and requires a reconciliation of the numerator and denominator of the basic EPS computation to the numerator and denominator of the diluted EPS.
Basic net income (loss) per share is computed by dividing net income (loss) by the weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding during each period. It excludes the dilutive effects of any potentially issuable common shares.
Diluted net loss share is calculated by including any potentially dilutive share issuances in the denominator. As of June 30, 2019 and 2018, potentially dilutive shares issuances were comprised of convertible notes, warrants and stock options.
June 30,
2019
June 30,
2018
Shares underlying options outstanding
843,630
478,850
Shares underlying warrants outstanding
85,250
12,750
Shares underlying convertible notes outstanding
2,227,575
1,875,000
Convertible preferred stock outstanding
240,000
240,000
3,396,455
2,606,600
Advertising
The Company follows the policy of charging the costs of advertising to expense as incurred. The Company charged to operations $30,061 and $50,564 as advertising costs for the three and six months ended June 30, 2019 and $21,200 and $42,015 for the three and six months ended June 30, 2018, respectively.
Grant Income
On January 17, 2019, the Company received a Notice of Award from the United States Department of Health and Human Services for a grant from the National Institutes of Health (“NIH”) in support of BICX102 from the National Institute on Drug Abuse. The grant provides for (i) $2,842,430 in funding during the first year and (ii) $2,831,838 during the second year subject to the terms and conditions specified in the grant, including satisfactory progress of project and the availability of funds. Grant payments received prior to the Company’s performance of work required by the terms of the research grant are recorded as deferred income and recognized as grant income once work is performed and qualifying costs are incurred. As of June 30, 2019, $351,796 in grant funds received were recorded as grant income.
Research and development costs
The Company accounts for research and development costs in accordance with the Accounting Standards Codification subtopic 730-10, Research and Development (“ASC 730-10”). Under ASC 730-10, all research and development costs must be charged to expense as incurred. Accordingly, internal research and development costs are expensed as incurred. Third-party research and developments costs are expensed when the contracted work has been performed or as milestone results have been achieved. Company-sponsored research and development costs related to both present and future products are expensed in the period incurred. The Company incurred research and development expenses of $135,138 and $281,103 for the three and six months ended June 30, 2019, respectively, and $0 and $59,006 for the three and six months ended June 30, 2018, respectively.
Share-based compensation issued to employees is measured at the grant date, based on the fair value of the award, and is recognized as an expense over the requisite service period. The Company measures the fair value of the share-based compensation issued to non-employees using the stock price observed in the trading market (for stock transactions) or the fair value of the award (for non-stock transactions), which were considered to be more reliably determinable measures of fair value than the value of the services being rendered. The measurement date is the earlier of (1) the date at which commitment for performance by the counterparty to earn the equity instruments is reached, or (2) the date at which the counterparty’s performance is complete.
Application of New Accounting Standards
On January 1, 2019, upon adoption of ASC Topic 842, the Company recorded right to use assets of $25,465, lease liability of $26,229 and eliminated deferred rent of $764.
In adopting ASC Topic 842, Leases (Topic 842), the Company has elected the ‘package of practical expedients’, which permit it not to reassess under the new standard its prior conclusions about lease identification, lease classification and initial direct costs. The Company did not elect the use-of-hindsight or the practical expedient pertaining to land easements; the latter is not applicable to the Company. In addition, the Company elected not to apply ASC Topic 842 to arrangements with lease terms of 12 month or less. In determining the length of the lease term to its long term lease, the Company determined there was no embedded extension option. At lease commencement date, the Company estimated the lease liability and the right of use assets at present value using the Company’s estimated incremental borrowing rate of 8% and determined the initial present value, at inception, of $139,407.
On February 14, 2019, the Company renewed the lease for another 63 months and remeasured right to use assets and lease liability at $281,949 and $315,096 respectively.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
There are various updates recently issued, most of which represented technical corrections to the accounting literature or application to specific industries and are not expected to a have a material impact on the Company’s financial position, results of operations or cash flows.
NOTE 3 – GOING CONCERN AND MANAGEMENT’S LIQUIDITY PLANS
As of June 30, 2019, the Company had cash of $4,812,697 and working capital deficit of $1,689,269. During the six months ended June 30, 2019, the Company used net cash in operating activities of $1,224,449. The Company has not yet generated any significant revenues, and has incurred net losses since inception. These conditions raise substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern.
During the six months ended June 30, 2019, the Company raised $100,000 proceeds from the sale of common stock and $6,000,000 proceeds in connection with subscription and royalty agreement (See note 11). The Company believes that its current cash on hand will not be sufficient to fund its projected operating requirements for the next twelve months following the filing of this report.
The Company’s primary source of operating funds since inception has been from proceeds from private placements of convertible and other debt and the sale of common stock. The Company intends to raise additional capital through private placements of debt and equity securities, but there can be no assurance that these funds will be available on terms acceptable to the Company, or will be sufficient to enable the Company to fully complete its development activities or sustain operations. If the Company is unable to raise sufficient additional funds, it will have to develop and implement a plan to further extend payables, reduce overhead, or scale back its current business plan until sufficient additional capital is raised to support further operations. There can be no assurance that such a plan will be successful.
Accordingly, the accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”), which contemplate continuation of the Company as a going concern and the realization of assets and satisfaction of liabilities in the normal course of business. The carrying amounts of assets and liabilities presented in the financial statements do not necessarily purport to represent realizable or settlement values. The consolidated financial statements do not include any adjustment that might result from the outcome of this uncertainty.
The Company’s property and equipment consisted of the following at June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018:
June 30,
2019
December 31,
2018
Office equipment
$
34,234
$
34,234
Computer equipment
5,544
5,544
Manufacturing equipment
98,373
30,747
138,151
70,525
Less accumulated depreciation
(31,690
)
(26,156
)
$
106,461
$
44,369
Depreciation expense charged to operations amounted to $3,340 and $5,534, respectively, for the three and six months ended June 30, 2019; and $1,302 and $4,748, respectively, for the three and six months ended June 30, 2018.
NOTE 5 – LEASE
Operating leases
On March 9, 2016, the Company entered into a lease amendment and expansion agreement, whereby the Company agreed to lease office space in Anaheim, California, commencing July 1, 2016 and expiring on June 30, 2019. On January 1, 2019, upon adoption of ASC Topic 842, the Company recorded right to use assets of $25,465, lease liability of $26,229 and eliminated deferred rent of $764.
On February 14, 2019, the Company extended the term of its lease for an additional 63 months beginning July 1, 2019 (at expiry of the original lease). The extended term expires on September 30, 2024. The extended lease has escalating payments from $5,522 per month to $6,552 per month. On February 14, 2019, the Company reassessed the value of right to use assets of $281,949 and lease liability of $315,096.
During the six months ended June 30, 2019, the Company recorded $62,797 as lease expense to current period operations.
Lease expense for the six months ended June 30, 2019 was comprised of the following:
Operating lease expense
$
62,797
Short-term lease expense
-
Variable lease expense
-
$
62,797
Weighted-average remaining lease term and discount rate for operating leases are as follows:
Weighted-average remaining lease term
5.26
Weighted-average discount rate
8
%
NOTE 6 – INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY/ LICENSING RIGHTS
On August 20, 2018, the Company purchased all the worldwide rights of Naltrexone Implants formula(s) with exception of New Zealand and Australia from Trinity Compound Solutions, Inc for $10,000 and 20,000 shares of its common stock for an aggregate purchase price of $236,000.
On October 12, 2018 the Company’s majority owned subsidiary, BioCorRx Pharmaceuticals Inc. acquired six patent families for sustained delivery platforms for the local delivery of biologic and small molecule drugs for an aggregate purchase price of $15,200.
Accounts payable and accrued expenses consisted of the following as of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018:
June 30,
2019
December 31,
2018
Accounts payable
$
485,277
$
655,654
Interest payable on notes payable
1,050,994
898,234
Deferred rent
-
764
$
1,536,271
$
1,554,652
NOTE 8 – NOTES PAYABLE
On January 26, 2018, the Company issued two unsecured promissory notes in aggregate of $250,000 bearing interest at 8% per annum with both principal and initially interest due July 26, 2018. In connection with the note issuance, the Company issued an aggregate of 100,000 shares of the Company’s common stock to the note holders. The fair value of the common stock at the date of issuance of $25,500 was recorded as a debt discount and is amortized as interest expense over the term of the notes. On July 26, 2018, the Company issued 100,000 shares in connection with extending the notes till December 26, 2018, the fair value of the common stock of $12,000 was charged to current period interest. On January 26, 2019, the Company paid $10,000 interest on one note and issued 1,000 shares of its common stock valued at $7,500 to extend the note till September 26, 2019. The second note for $125,000 is extended until September 26, 2019.
On November 15, 2018 and December 12, 2018, the Company issued two promissory notes for $275,000 each (aggregate of $550,000) for net proceeds of $250,000 each, after an original interest discount (“OID”) of $25,000 each. The notes are due nine months from the date of issuance and bear a charge of 8% interest applied at issuance date and due upon maturity. In addition, the Company issued 2,500 shares of common stock and 5,000 warrants to acquire the Company’s common stock at $20.00 expiring three years from the date of issuance per each note. The fair value of the common stock, warrants and together with the OID in aggregate of $144,661 was recorded as a debt discount and is amortized over the term of the notes. The fair value of the warrants was determined using the Black-Scholes option method with the following assumptions: expected life 3 years, volatility: 176.31% to 177.01%, risk free rate: 2.78% to 2.91% and stock price: $7.20 to $7.30. On April 26, 2019, the Company paid in full one of the promissory notes, and the other note for $275,000 was outstanding as of June 30, 2019. On July 9, 2019, the Company paid the second promissory note in full. The two promissory notes have been repaid as of July 9, 2019.
During the three and six months ended June 30, 2019, the Company amortized $60,387 and $107,991, respectively, of the debt discount to current period interest expense.
On June 10, 2016, the Company issued to BICX Holding Company, LLC a $2,500,000 senior secured convertible promissory note due March 3, 2020 and bearing interest at 8% per annum due annually beginning June 10, 2018. On March 3, 2017 the convertible promissory note was subsequently amended and is convertible into 42.43% of the Company’s total authorized common stock and the Company received additional investment of $1,660,000 from the holder. The note will be convertible into a fixed number of shares of common stock equal to 42.43% (2,227,575 shares) of the total authorized common stock as of March 3, 2017 (closing). As of June 30, 2018, the convertible promissory note had a balance of $4,160,000.
During the three and six months ended June 30, 2019, the Company amortized $289,394 and $656,231, respectively, of the debt discount to current period interest expense.
The interest expense during the three and six months ended June 30, 2019 was $82,972 and 165,032, respectively.
NOTE 10 – NOTES PAYABLE-RELATED PARTY
As of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, the Company had advances from Kent Emry (Chairman of the Company). The balance outstanding as of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018 was $1,500.
As of June 30, 2019, and December 31, 2018, the Company had advances from Scott Carley (shareholder). The balance outstanding as of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018 was $21,480.
On January 22, 2013, the Company issued a unsecured promissory note payable to Kent Emry (Chairman of the Company) for $200,000 due January 1, 2018, with a stated interest rate of 12% per annum beginning three months from issuance, payable monthly. Principal payments were due starting February 1, 2015 at $6,650 per month. The lender has an option to convert the note to licensing rights for the State of Oregon. The Company currently is in default of the principal and interest. The note holder subsequently became an officer of the Company. The balance outstanding as of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018 was $163,610.
NOTE 11 – ROYALTY OBLIGATIONS, NET
In March 2019, the Company entered into two Subscription and Royalty Agreements (the “Subscription and Royalty Agreements”), one of which was with Louis and Carolyn Lucido CRT LLC, managed by Mr. Louis Lucido, a member of the Company’s Board of Directors (the “Board”). Pursuant to the Subscription and Royalty Agreements: (i) Each party would purchase shares of the Company’s common stock, par value $0.001 per share (the “Common Stock”), in the aggregate amount of $3,000,000 at a purchase price of $15.00 per share (the “Purchase Price”), for a total of 200,000 shares of Common Stock; and (ii) the Company shall pay each (a) a total of $37.50 from the gross revenue derived from each of its weight loss treatments sold in the United States starting on the first (1st) day that the first unit of the treatment is sold (the “Initial Sales Date”) and ending on the third (3rd) anniversary of the Initial Sales Date; and (b) a total of $25.00 from the gross revenue derived from each of its weight loss treatments sold in the United States starting on the day following the third (3rd) anniversary of the Initial Sales Date and ending on the fifteenth (15th) anniversary of the Initial Sales Date (the “Royalty”).
Under the Lucido agreement, the Company will use no less than 65% of the proceeds of the aggregate Purchase Price of the Lucido Subscription and Royalty Agreement exclusively to develop, launch and expand the Company’s weight loss program (the “Business”) including sales and marketing activities directly related to the Business, and shall be free to use up to 35% of the aggregate Purchase Price of the Lucido Subscription and Royalty Agreement for general working capital and administration, and for further product development. With the prior written consent of Mr. Lucido, the Company may use more than 35% of the aggregate Purchase Price for general working capital and administration, and for further product development. Under the second agreement, the Company will have complete discretion as to the exact amount of the aggregate purchase price to be allocated to the development and expansion of the Business.
The Company accounted for this transaction as debt in accordance with ASC 470-10-25 and derived a debt discount, which is amortized using the effective interest method over the expected life of the arrangement, which is 15 years. The Company has no obligation to repay the then outstanding balance if during the expected life of 15 years the treatment is discontinued. In order to record the discount of the liability, the Company fair valued the royalty and the difference between fair value of the royalty obligation and the gross projected future payments was $7,171,200 and was recorded as non-cash interest expense over the life of the liability and offset to additional paid in capital at inception.
During the three months and six months ended June 30, 2019, the Company amortized $115,334 and $115,334 as interest expenses, respectively.
NOTE 12 – STOCKHOLDERS’ DEFICIT
Effective January 22, 2019, the Company amended its Articles of Incorporation to implement a reverse stock split in the ratio of 1 share for every 100 shares of common stock. As a result, 259,984,655 shares of the Company’s common stock were exchanged for 2,599,847 shares of the Company’s common stock. These unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been retroactively restated to reflect the reverse stock split.
Convertible Preferred stock
The Company is authorized to issue 600,000 shares of preferred stock with no par value. As of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, the Company had 80,000 shares of Series A preferred stock and 160,000 shares of Series B preferred stock issued and outstanding.
Each share of Series A preferred stock is entitled to one thousand (1,000) votes and is convertible into one share of common stock. 30,000 shares of Series A Preferred Stock were owned by management.
Each share of Series B stock is entitled to two thousand (2,000) votes and is convertible into one share of common stock. 120,000 shares of Series B Preferred Stock were owned by management.
Common stock
On May 10, 2018, the Company filed a Certificate of Amendment to its Articles of Incorporation with the Secretary of State of the State of Nevada increasing the total number of shares which the Company is authorized to issue from five hundred twenty five million six hundred thousand (525,600,000) shares to seven hundred fifty million six hundred thousand (750,600,000) shares and increasing the number of authorized shares of common stock from five hundred and twenty five million (525,000,000) shares of common stock, $0.001 par value, to seven hundred and fifty million (750,000,000) shares of common stock.
As of June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, the Company had 2,471,863 shares and 2,440,863 shares of common stock issued and outstanding.
During the six months ended June 30, 2018, the Company issued an aggregate of 7,500 shares of its common stock for services rendered valued at $111,410 based on the underlying market value of the common stock at the date of issuance.
During the six months ended June 30, 2018, the Company issued 10,000 shares of its common stock in connection with a distribution agreement previously accrued during the year ended December 31, 2017.
During the six months ended June 30, 2018, the Company issued an aggregate of 1,000 shares of its common stock in connection with the issuance of promissory notes payable valued at $25,500 based on the underlying market value of the common stock at the date of issuance.
During the six months ended June 30, 2018, the Company issued 12,500 shares of its common stock in exchange for proceeds of $150,000 and received $1,150,000 common stock subscriptions for 57,500 shares of its common stock and 57,500 three year warrants with an exercise price of $1.00 per share.
As of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, the Company had 3,057,848 shares and 2,597,347 shares of common stock issued and outstanding.
During the six months ended June 30, 2019, the Company issued an aggregate of 33,588 shares of its common stock for services rendered valued at $147,650 based on the underlying market value of the common stock at the date of issuance.
During the six months ended June 30, 2019, the Company issued 3,842 shares of its common stock to pay for interest expense valued at $21,000 based on the underlying market value of the common stock at the date of issuance.
In February 2019, the Company issued 22,222 shares of its common stock valued at $100,000 in connection with the February 2019 common stock subscription.
In March 2019, the Company issued an aggregate of 400,000 shares of its common stock under these Subscription and Royalty Agreements and subsequently in April 2019 received the proceeds.
NOTE 13 – STOCK OPTIONS AND WARRANTS
Options
Stock options have been granted under the following plans:
[i] On November 13, 2014, our Board of Directors authorized and approved the adoption of the Plan effective November 13, 2014 (2014 Stock Option Plan) under which an aggregate of 20% (290,879 shares) of the issued and outstanding shares may be issued. The plan shall terminate ten years after the plan’s adoption by the board of directors. We granted an aggregate 146,500 stock options. As of June 30, 2019 an aggregate total of 1,500 options have expired and 144,379 can still be granted under the plan.
[ii] On June 15, 2016, our board of Directors authorized and approved the adoption of the Equity Incentive Plan effective June 15, 2016 (2016 Equity Incentive Plan) under which an aggregate of 656,250 shares may be issued. The plan shall terminate ten years after the plan’s adoption by the board of directors. We granted an aggregate of 330,350 stock options. As of June 30, 2019 an aggregate total of 325,900 options can still be granted under the plan.
[iii] On May 15, 2018, the Board of Directors approved and adopted the BioCorRx Inc. 2018 Equity Incentive Plan (2018 Stock Option Plan) under which an aggregate of 450,000 shares may be issued. The plan shall terminate ten years after the plan’s adoption by the board of directors. The company has granted an aggregate of 368,280 stock options. As of June 30, 2019 an aggregate total of 81,720 options can still be granted under the plan.
During the six months ended June 30, 2019, the Board of Directors approved the grant of 53,280 stock options to consultants valued at $233,111. The term of the options ranges from one to five years, and the vesting period of the options ranges from one to two years.
Option valuation models require the input of highly subjective assumptions. The fair value of stock-based payment awards was estimated using the Black-Scholes option model with a volatility figure derived from using the Company’s historical stock prices. The Company accounts for the expected life of options based on the contractual life of options for non-employees. For employees, the Company accounts for the expected life of options in accordance with the “simplified” method, which is used for “plain-vanilla” options, as defined in the accounting standards codification. The risk-free interest rate was determined from the implied yields of U.S. Treasury zero-coupon bonds with a remaining life consistent with the expected term of the options.
In applying the Black-Scholes option pricing model, the Company used the following assumptions:
Risk-free interest rate
2.36% - 2.58%
Expected term (years)
1.00 – 5.00
Expected volatility
99.85% - 143.11%
Expected dividends
0.00
The following table summarizes the stock option activity for the six months ended June 30, 2019:
Shares
Weighted-Average
Exercise Price
Weighted-Average
Remaining
Contractual Term
Aggregate
Intrinsic
Value
Outstanding at December 31, 2018
791,850
$
8.09
7.7
$
1,188,065
Grants
53,280
6.52
2.9
-
Exercised
-
Expired
(1,500
)
$
20.00
-
-
Outstanding at June 30, 2019
843,630
$
7.98
7.0
$
740,128
Exercisable at June 30, 2019
802,967
$
8.05
7.1
$
740,128
The aggregate intrinsic value in the preceding tables represents the total pretax intrinsic value, based on options with an exercise price less than the Company’s stock price of $4.25 as of June 30, 2019, which would have been received by the option holders had those option holders exercised their options as of that date.
The following table presents information related to stock options at June 30, 2019:
Options Outstanding
Weighted
Options Exercisable
Average
Exercisable
Exercise
Number of
Remaining Life
Number of
Price
Options
In Years
Options
$
0.01-2.50
330,350
7.0
330,350
2.51-5.00
35,000
1.1
35,000
5.01and up
478,280
7.4
437,617
843,630
7.0
802,967
The stock-based compensation expense related to option grants was $703,114 and $1,653,929 during the three and six months ended June 30, 2019 and $78,535 and $448,800 for the three and six months ended June 30, 2018, respectively.
As of June 30, 2019, stock-based compensation related to options of $163,874 remains unamortized and is expected to be amortized over the weighted average remaining period of 10.5 months.
The following table summarizes the changes in warrants outstanding and the related prices for the shares of the Company’s common stock:
Warrants Outstanding
Warrants Exercisable
Exercise Prices
Number Outstanding
Weighted
Average
Remaining
Contractual
Life
(Years)
Weighted
Average
Exercise
Price
Number
Exercisable
Weighted
Average
Remaining
Contractual
Life (Years)
$
20.00
10,000
2.42
$
20.00
10,000
2.42
25.00
12,750
0.02
25.00
12,750
0.02
100.00
62,500
1.89
100.00
62,500
1.89
$
-
85,250
1.67
$
79.40
85,250
1.67
The following table summarizes the warrant activity for the six months ended June 30, 2019:
Number of
Shares
Weighted
Average
Exercise
Price Per
Share
Outstanding at December 31, 2018
85,250
$
79.40
Issued
-
-
Exercised
-
-
Expired
-
-
Outstanding at June 30, 2019
85,250
$
79.40
NOTE 14 – RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS
The Company has an arrangement with Premier Aftercare Recovery Service, (“PARS”). PARS is a Company controlled by Neil Muller, a shareholder of the Company and prior officer of the Company, that provided consulting services to the Company. There is no formal agreement between the parties and the amount of remuneration was $14,583 per month. During the three and six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, the Company incurred $0 as consulting fees and expense reimbursements. As of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, there was an unpaid balance of $0 and $32,318, respectively.
The Company has an arrangement with Felix Financial Enterprises (“FFE”). FFE is a Company controlled by Lourdes Felix, an officer of the Company that provides consulting services to the Company. Until June 13, 2018, there was no formal agreement between the parties and the amount of remuneration is $14,583 per month. During the three and six months ended June 30, 2019, the Company incurred $43,750 and $87,500, respectively, as consulting fees. During the three and six months ended June 30, 2018, the Company incurred $40,798 and $80,798, respectively, as consulting fees. As of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, there was an unpaid balance of $0.
The Company has an arrangement with Soupface LLC (“Soupface”). Soupface is a Company controlled by Brady Granier, an officer of the Company that provides consulting services to the Company. Until June 13, 2018 there was no formal agreement between the parties and the amount of remuneration is $15,833 per month. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2019, the Company incurred $47,500 and $95,000, respectively, as consulting fees. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2018, the Company incurred $43,750 and $87,500, respectively, as consulting fees. As of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, there was an unpaid balance of $0.
The Company has an arrangement with Mr. Tom Welch, VP of Operations. Until June 13, 2018 there was no formal agreement between the parties and the amount of remuneration is $12,500 per month. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2019, the Company incurred $37,500 and $75,000, respectively, as consulting fees. As of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, there was an unpaid balance of $0.
On July 28, 2016, the Company formed BioCorRx Pharmaceuticals, Inc. for the purpose of developing certain business lines. In connection with the formation, the newly formed sub issued 24.2% ownership to current or former officers of the Company, with the Company retaining 75.8%. During the six months ended June 30, 2019, BioCorRx Pharmaceuticals, Inc. began limited operations and there was no operation prior to that.
In March 2019, in the Company entered into a Subscription and Royalty Agreement (the “Subscription and Royalty Agreement”), with Louis and Carolyn Lucido CRT LLC, managed by Mr. Louis Lucido, a member of the Board. (See Note 11). The Company received an aggregate gross proceeds of $3,000,000 and $0 royalty was due at June 30, 2019.
As of June 30, 2019, the Company’s related party payable was $196,642, which comprised of compensation payable and interest payable to directors. The Company also issued 12,086 shares of common stock to directors during the six months ended June 30, 2019.
NOTE 15 – CONCENTRATIONS
Financial instruments and related items, which potentially subject the Company to concentrations of credit risk, consist primarily of cash, cash equivalents and trade receivables. The Company places its cash and temporary cash investments with high credit quality institutions. At times, such investments may be in excess of the FDIC insurance limit.
The Company’s revenues earned from sale of products and services for the three months ended June 30, 2019 included 13% and 13% (aggregate of 26%) from two customers of the Company’s total revenues.
The Company’s revenues earned from sale of products and services for the six months ended June 30, 2019 included 19% and 18% (aggregate of 37%) from two customers of the Company’s total revenues.
The Company’s revenues earned from sale of products and services for the three months ended June 30, 2018 included 14%, 25%, 21% and 20% (aggregate of 80%) from four customers of the Company’s total revenues.
The Company’s revenues earned from sale of products and services for the six months ended June 30, 2018 included 20%, 28%, 17% and 16% (aggregate of 81%) from four customers of the Company’s total revenues.
At June 30, 2019, the accounts receivable is $NIL and three customers accounted for 44%, 17% and 32% (aggregate of 93%) of the Company’s total accounts receivable at December 31, 2018.
The Company relies on Trinity Rx as its sole supplier of its Naltrexone implant.
NOTE 16 – NON CONTROLLING INTEREST
On July 28, 2016, the Company formed BioCorRx Pharmaceuticals, Inc., a Nevada Corporation, for the purpose of developing certain business lines. In connection with the formation, the, the newly formed sub issued 24.2% ownership to current or former officers of the Company with the Company retaining 75.8%. From inception through December 31, 2017, there were no significant transactions. There were certain licensing rights with a carrying value of $250,000 and no significant liabilities in BioCorRx Pharmaceuticals, Inc. In 2018, BioCorRx Pharmaceuticals, Inc. began operations.
A reconciliation of the BioCorRx Pharmaceuticals, Inc. non-controlling loss attributable to the Company:
Net loss attributable to the non-controlling interest for the three months ended June 30, 2019:
Net loss
$
(5,900
)
Average Non-controlling interest percentage of profit/losses
24.2
%
Net loss attributable to the non-controlling interest
$
(1,427
)
Net loss attributable to the non-controlling interest for the six months ended June 30, 2019:
Net loss
$
(6,014
)
Average Non-controlling interest percentage of profit/losses
24.2
%
Net loss attributable to the non-controlling interest
$
(1,455
)
The following table summarizes the changes in non-controlling interest for the six months ended June 30, 2019:
Balance, December 31, 2018
(72,487
)
Net loss attributable to the non-controlling interest
(1,455
)
Balance, June 30, 2019
$
(73,942
)
Net loss attributable to the non-controlling interest for the three months ended June 30, 2018:
Net loss
$
(184
)
Average Non-controlling interest percentage of profit/losses
24.2
%
Net loss attributable to the non-controlling interest
$
(45
)
Net loss attributable to the non-controlling interest for the six months ended June 30, 2018:
Net loss
$
(184
)
Average Non-controlling interest percentage of profit/losses
24.2
%
Net loss attributable to the non-controlling interest
$
(45
)
The following table summarizes the changes in non-controlling interest for the six months ended June 30, 2018:
Balance, December 31, 2017
-
Net loss attributable to the non-controlling interest
(45
)
Balance, June 30, 2018
$
(45
)
NOTE 17 – COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES
Director Agreements
Effective March 1, 2019, the Board appointed Ms. Luisa Ingargiola. In connection with Ms. Ingargiola’s appointment to the Board, the Company entered into a Director Agreement with Ms. Ingargiola pursuant to which she will receive a quarterly cash stipend of $15,000 in compensation for services and shall be issued, upon the last day of each fiscal quarter, provided the director is a member of the Board as of such date, the number of shares of the Company’s common stock equivalent to $5,000.
Effective March 1, 2019, the Board appointed Mr. Louis Lucido. In connection with Mr. Lucido’s appointment to the Board, the Company entered into a Director Agreement with Mr. Lucido pursuant to which he will receive a quarterly cash stipend of $15,000 in compensation for services and shall be issued, upon the last day of each fiscal quarter, provided the director is a member of the Board as of such date, the number of shares of the Company’s common stock equivalent to $5,000.
Effective March 1, 2019, the Board authorized a formal Director Agreement with Mr. Brady Granier. Pursuant to Mr. Granier’s agreement, he will receive a quarterly cash stipend of $15,000 in compensation for services and shall be issued, upon the last day of each fiscal quarter, provided the director is a member of the Board as of such date, the number of shares of the Company’s common stock equivalent to $5,000.
Effective March 1, 2019, the Board authorized a formal Director Agreement with Ms. Lourdes Felix. Pursuant to Ms. Felix’s agreement, she will receive a quarterly cash stipend of $15,000 in compensation for services and shall be issued, upon the last day of each fiscal quarter, provided the director is a member of the Board as of such date, the number of shares of the Company’s common stock equivalent to $5,000.
Effective March 1, 2019, the Board authorized a formal Director Agreement with Mr. Kent Emry. Pursuant to Mr. Emry’s agreement, he will receive a quarterly cash stipend of $15,000 in compensation for services and shall be issued, upon the last day of each fiscal quarter, provided the director is a member of the Board as of such date, the number of shares of the Company’s common stock equivalent to $5,000.
The Company has an arrangement with Felix Financial Enterprises (“FFE”). FFE is a Company controlled by Lourdes Felix, an officer of the Company that provides consulting services to the Company. Until June 13, 2018, there was no formal agreement between the parties and the amount of remuneration is $14,583 per month.
The Company has an arrangement with Soupface LLC (“Soupface”). Soupface is a Company controlled by Brady Granier, an officer of the Company that provides consulting services to the Company. Until June 13, 2018, there was no formal agreement between the parties and the amount of remuneration is $15,833 per month.
The Company has an arrangement with Mr. Tom Welch, VP of Operations. Until June 13, 2018 there was no formal agreement between the parties and the amount of remuneration is $12,500 per month.
Lucido Subscription and Royalty Agreement
On March 28, 2019, the Company entered into a Subscription and Royalty Agreement (the “Lucido Subscription and Royalty Agreement”) with Louis and Carolyn Lucido CRT LLC, managed by Mr. Louis Lucido, a member of the Company’s Board of Directors (the “Board”).
Pursuant to the Lucido Subscription and Royalty Agreement: (i) Mr. Lucido purchased shares of the Company’s common stock, par value $0.001 per share (the “Common Stock”), in the aggregate amount of $3,000,000 at a purchase price of $15.00 per share (the “Purchase Price”), for a total of 200,000 shares of Common Stock; and (ii) the Company shall pay Lucido (a) a total of $37.50 from the gross revenue derived from each of its weight loss treatments sold in the United States starting on the first (1st) day that the first unit of the treatment is sold (the “Initial Sales Date”) and ending on the third (3rd) anniversary of the Initial Sales Date; and (b) a total of $25.00 from the gross revenue derived from each of its weight loss treatments sold in the United States starting on the day following the third (3rd) anniversary of the Initial Sales Date and ending on the fifteenth (15th) anniversary of the Initial Sales Date (the “Royalty”). The Company will use no less than 65% of the proceeds of the aggregate Purchase Price of the Lucido Subscription and Royalty Agreement exclusively to develop, launch and expand the Company’s weight loss program (the “Business”) including sales and marketing activities directly related to the Business, and shall be free to use up to 35% of the aggregate Purchase Price of the Lucido Subscription and Royalty Agreement for general working capital and administration, and for further product development. With the prior written consent of Mr. Lucido, the Company may use more than 35% of the aggregate Purchase Price for general working capital and administration, and for further product development.
The Company issued 200,000 common shares to Lucido on March 28, 2019 and recorded the fair value of the shares in equity. The Company recorded a liability for the Royalty when the obligation began upon the receipt of proceeds in April 2019.
On April 1, 2019, the Company entered into a Subscription and Royalty Agreement (the “Galligan Subscription and Royalty Agreement” and, together with the Lucido Subscription and Royalty Agreement, the “Agreements”) with the J and R Galligan Revocable Trust, managed by Mr. Joseph Galligan. Although the Galligan Subscription and Royalty Agreement was dated March 27, 2019, it did not become effective until it was fully executed on April 1, 2019. The terms and conditions of the Galligan Subscription and Royalty Agreement (including the amount of shares of Common Stock purchased, the Purchase Price, and the terms of the Royalty) are substantially the same as the Lucido Subscription and Royalty Agreement except that the Company will have complete discretion as to the exact amount of $3,000,000 of the Galligan Subscription and Royalty Agreement to be allocated to the development and expansion of the Business.
The Company issued 200,000 common shares to Galligan on March 28, 2019 and recorded the fair value of the shares in equity. The Company recorded a liability for the Royalty when the obligation began upon the receipt of proceeds in April 2019.
Royalty agreement
Alpine Creek Capital Partners LLC
On December 10, 2015, the Company entered into a royalty agreement with Alpine Creek Capital Partners LLC (“Alpine Creek”). The Company is in the business of selling a distinct implementation of the BioCorRx Recovery Program, a two-tiered comprehensive MAT program, which includes a counseling program, coupled with its proprietary Naltrexone Implant (the “Treatment”).
In accordance with the terms and provisions of the agreement, Alpine Creek will pay the Company an aggregate of $405,000 , payable as follows: (a) a deposit in the amount of $55,000, which Alpine Creek paid to the Company on November 20, 2015, (b) cancellation of that certain secured promissory note, dated October 19, 2015, issued by the Company to Alpine Creek in the aggregate principal amount of $55,000 and (c) within two (2) business days from the effective date, Alpine Creek will pay $295,000 to the Company.
In consideration for the payment, with the exception of treatments conducted in certain territories, the Company will pay Alpine Creek fifty percent (50%) of the Company’s gross profit for each Treatment sold in the United States that includes procurement of the Company’s implant product until the Company has paid Alpine Creek $1,215,000. In the event that the Company has not paid Alpine Creek $1,215,000 within 24 months of the Effective Date, then the Company shall continue to pay Alpine Creek fifty percent (50%) for each Treatment following the Effective Date until the Company has paid Alpine Creek an aggregate of $1,620,000, with the exception of treatments conducted in certain territories. Upon the Company’s satisfaction of these obligations, the Company shall pay Alpine Creek $100 for each treatment sold in the United States that includes procurement of the Company’s implant product, into perpetuity. As of June 30, 2019, the Company has paid $27,800 to Alpine Creek. $96,120 is owed to Alpine Creek as of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018.
On any other proprietary implant distribution, that excludes the “treatment”, for alcohol and opioid addiction and for which no other payment is due, the Company shall pay 2.5% of the Company’s gross profit for implant distribution not to exceed $100 per sale. As of June 30, 2019, there are no payments due.
On May 24, 2019, the Company entered into a Master Services Agreement (the “MSA”) with Charles River Laboratories, Inc. (“Charles River”). Pursuant to the MSA, Charles River will be conducting studies with regard to BICX102. Studies will be conducted pursuant to Statements of Work entered into by the Company and Charles River.
On May 30, 2019, the Company and Charles River entered into two separate Statements of Work pursuant to which Charles River is conducting a total of six studies. The total consideration the Company will pay Charles River for these six studies is $2,760,000.
Agreements
As of June 30, 2019 the Company has entered into five consulting and scientific advisory board agreements. In compensation for services: (i) two advisory board members shall be issued common stock equivalent to $5,000 the last day of such quarter when meetings are held (ii) one consultant shall receive common stock equivalent to $6,250 on the last day of each month and (iii) one consultant shall receive a renumeration amount of $10,000-$12,000 per month with an earn out potential of 1% of the Company’s majority owned subsidiary, BioCorRx Pharmaceuticals based on certain factors (iv) one consultant shall be eligible to earn a bonus of 5% of annual sales for UnCraveRx Weight Loss Program if annual sales of $1-5M are achieved during the term of the agreement.
On July 15, 2019, the Company and its landlord agreed that the Company would move to a larger space within the building that currently houses its principal executive offices. The Company extended the term of its lease for an additional 63 months beginning approximately September 1, 2019 (upon the landlord’s completion of the work on the new space). The extended term expires on November 30, 2024. The extended lease has escalating payments from $9,505 per month to $11,018 per month
In 2019, the Company entered into a contract manufacturing agreement for an estimated total fees of $578,500.
NOTE 18 – SUBSEQUENT EVENTS
On July 15, 2019, the Company and its landlord agreed that the Company would move to a larger space within the building that currently houses its principal executive offices. The Company extended the term of its lease for an additional 63 months beginning approximately September 1, 2019 (upon the landlord’s completion of the work on the new space). The extended term expires on November 30, 2024. The extended lease has escalating payments from $9,505 per month to $11,018 per month.
In July 2019, the Company issued an aggregate of 1,658 shares of its common stock for consulting services.
This Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations includes a number of forward-looking statements that reflect Management’s current views with respect to future events and financial performance. You can identify these statements by forward-looking words such as “may” “will,” “expect,” “anticipate,” “believe,” “estimate” and “continue,” or similar words. Those statements include statements regarding the intent, belief or current expectations of the Company and members of its management team as well as the assumptions on which such statements are based. Prospective investors are cautioned that any such forward-looking statements are not guarantees of future performance and involve risk and uncertainties, and that actual results may differ materially from those contemplated by such forward-looking statements.
Readers are urged to carefully review and consider the various disclosures made by the Company in this report and in its other reports filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Important factors currently known to the Company could cause actual results to differ materially from those in forward-looking statements. The Company undertakes no obligation to update or revise forward-looking statements to reflect changed assumptions, the occurrence of unanticipated events or changes in the future operating results over time. The Company believes that its assumptions are based upon reasonable data derived from and known about its business and operations. No assurances are made that actual results of operations or the results of the Company’s future activities will not differ materially from its assumptions. Factors that could cause differences include, but are not limited to, expected market demand for the Company’s services, fluctuations in pricing for materials, and competition.
Unless otherwise indicated or the context requires otherwise, the words “we,” “us,” “our”, the “Company” or “our Company” refer to BioCorRx Inc., a Nevada corporation, and its subsidiaries.
Business Overview
BioCorRx Inc., through its subsidiaries, develops and provides innovative treatment programs for substance abuse and related disorders. The BioCorRx® Recovery Program is a non-addictive, medication-assisted treatment (MAT) program for substance abuse that includes peer recovery support. The UnCraveRx™ Weight Loss Management Program is a medically assisted weight management program that is combined with a virtual platform application. The full program is estimated to launch in October 2019. The Company is also engaged in the research and development of sustained release naltrexone products for the treatment of addiction and other possible disorders. Specifically, the company is developing its product candidate (BICX101) a sustained release, injectable naltrexone for the treatment of opioid abuse and alcoholism. The company is also developing an implantable naltrexone treatment (BICX102) a long-acting naltrexone implant that can last several months for the treatment of opioid dependence and alcohol use disorders with the goal of future regulatory approval with the Food and Drug Administration.
The BioCorRx® Recovery Program is a comprehensive addiction program which includes peer support and CBT modules (typically completed in 16 sessions on average but not limited to), coupled with a naltrexone implant. The implant is specifically compounded with a prescription from a medical doctor for each individual and is designed to release naltrexone into the body over multiple months. The naltrexone implant means a single administration, long acting naltrexone pellet(s) that consists of a naltrexone formulation in a biodegradable form that is suitable for subcutaneous implantation in a particular patient.
BioCorRx is not a licensed health care provider and does not provide health care services to patients. BioCorRx does not operate substance abuse clinics. BioCorRx makes the BioCorRx Recovery Program available to health care providers to utilize when the health care provider determines it is medically appropriate and indicated for his or her patients. Any physician or licensed alcohol addiction treatment provider is solely responsible for treatment options prescribed or recommended to his or her patients. At all times, such providers retain complete and exclusive authority, responsibility, supervision and control over their medical practice, their patients, the treatment that their patients receive and any decision to prescribe the implant to any of the provider’s patients.
BioCorRx does not condition its license to health care providers accessing the implant on their making available the Counseling Program to the providers’ patients although BioCorRx certainly encourages that providers do so.
BioCorRx has issued several license and distribution agreements to several unrelated third parties involving the establishment of alcoholism and opioid addiction rehabilitation and treatment centers and creating certain addiction rehabilitation programs. The Company has expanded its operations through distribution opportunities of its BioCorRx Recovery Program. There are 18 licensed providers throughout the United States that offer the BioCorRx Recovery Program. The company’s current focus will continue on wider distribution across the United States, branding of the BioCorRx Recovery Program and acquisition of healthcare related products and services. The Company is committed to continuing to provide excellent rehabilitation products and services to healthcare providers nationwide as it expands the distribution of the BioCorRx Recovery Program to a network of independent licensed clinics and licensed healthcare professionals.
The Company’s subsidiary, BioCorRx Pharmaceuticals, is focused on acquiring and the development of products for the treatment of addiction and other possible disorders. Specifically, the company is developing injectable and implantable naltrexone with the goal of future regulatory approval with the Food and Drug Administration. The Company’s pipeline includes BICX101 for the treatment of opioid addiction and alcoholism as well as BICX102 for the same indications.
In August 2017, the Company announced that it had decided to seek U.S. Food and Drug Administration (the “FDA”) approval on BICX102 in advance of BICX101. Product candidate BICX102 is a long-acting naltrexone implant that can last several months being developed for opioid dependence and alcohol use disorders. The pre-IND meeting date for BICX102 took place on January 24, 2018. On February 12, 2018, the Company announced that the FDA deemed the 505(b)(2) pathway as an acceptable route for approval for BICX102; the Company plans to apply for dual indications, both opioid use disorder and alcohol use disorder, within the same application. A grant application was submitted to the National Institutes of Health on May 14, 2018 for funding the development and study plans for BICX102. On January 17, 2019, the Company received a Notice of Award from the United States Department of Health and Human Services for a grant from the National Institutes of Health (“NIH”) in support of BICX102 from the National Institute on Drug Abuse. The grant provides for (i) $2,842,430 in funding during the first year and (ii) $2,831,838 during the second year subject to the terms and conditions specified in the grant, including satisfactory progress of project and the availability of funds.
The UnCraveRx™ Weight Loss Management Program is a medically assisted weight management program that helps to reduce food cravings combined with on-demand virtual lifestyle support, fitness and nutrition. The UnCraveRx™ virtual app is available online www.myuncraverx.com or through Android or iOS app stores. The estimated launch of the full program is October 2019.
Recent Developments
On January 16, 2018, majority shareholders holding 59% of the voting equity voted to grant discretionary authority to the Board of Directors of the Company (the “Board”), at any time or times for a period of 12 months after the date of the written consent, to adopt an amendment to the Company’s articles of incorporation to effect a reverse split of its issued and outstanding common stock in a range of not less than 1-for-5 and not more than 1-for-500 (the “Reverse Stock Split”). The Reverse Stock Split was filed with the Secretary of State of the State of Nevada and subsequently approved by the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority (FINRA) on January 18, 2019 and took effect on January 22, 2019. All share and per share information in this Quarterly Report have been retroactively adjusted to give effect to the Reverse Stock Split, including the financial statements and notes thereto.
On February 18, 2019, the Board appointed Ms. Luisa Ingargiola and Mr. Louis Lucido to the Board, effective March 1, 2019.
In connection with Ms. Ingargiola’s and Mr. Lucido’s appointments to the Board, the Company entered into a Director Agreement with each of Ms. Ingargiola and Mr. Lucido pursuant to which each director will receive a quarterly cash stipend of $15,000 in compensation for their services and shall be issued, upon the last day of each fiscal quarter, provided the director is a member of the Board as of such date, the number of shares of the Company’s common stock equivalent to $5,000 as determined based on the average closing price on the three trading days immediately preceding the last day of such quarter.
On March 1, 2019, the Company entered into a director agreement (the “Director Agreement”) with each of the following members of the Board: Lourdes Felix, Kent Emry, and Brady Granier. Pursuant to the Director Agreement each of the Directors will receive a quarterly cash stipend of $15,000 in compensation for his services and shall be issued, upon the last day of each fiscal quarter, provided he is a member of the Board as of such date, the number of shares of the Company’s common stock equivalent to $5,000 as determined based on the average closing price on the three trading days immediately preceding the last day of such quarter.
In March 2019, the Company entered into two Subscription and Royalty Agreements (the “Subscription and Royalty Agreements”), one of which was with Louis and Carolyn Lucido CRT LLC, managed by Mr. Lucido. Pursuant to the Subscription and Royalty Agreements: (i) Each party would purchase shares of the Company’s common stock, par value $0.001 per share (the “Common Stock”), in the aggregate amount of $3,000,000 at a purchase price of $15.00 per share (the “Purchase Price”), for a total of 200,000 shares of Common Stock; and (ii) the Company shall pay each (a) a total of $37.50 from the gross revenue derived from each of its weight loss treatments sold in the United States starting on the first (1st) day that the first unit of the treatment is sold (the “Initial Sales Date”) and ending on the third (3rd) anniversary of the Initial Sales Date; and (b) a total of $25.00 from the gross revenue derived from each of its weight loss treatments sold in the United States starting on the day following the third (3rd) anniversary of the Initial Sales Date and ending on the fifteenth (15th) anniversary of the Initial Sales Date (the “Royalty”).
Under the Lucido agreement, the Company will use no less than 65% of the proceeds of the aggregate Purchase Price of the Lucido Subscription and Royalty Agreement exclusively to develop, launch and expand the Company’s weight loss program (the “Business”) including sales and marketing activities directly related to the Business, and shall be free to use up to 35% of the aggregate Purchase Price of the Lucido Subscription and Royalty Agreement for general working capital and administration, and for further product development. With the prior written consent of Mr. Lucido, the Company may use more than 35% of the aggregate Purchase Price for general working capital and administration, and for further product development. Under the second agreement, the Company will have complete discretion as to the exact amount of the aggregate purchase price to be allocated to the development and expansion of the Business.
In March 2019, the Company issued an aggregate of 400,000 shares of its common stock under these Subscription and Royalty Agreements and subsequently in April 2019 received the proceeds.
Results of Operations
The following table summarizes changes in selected operating indicators of the Company, illustrating the relationship of various income and expense items to net sales for the respective periods presented (components may not add or subtract to totals due to rounding):
Three Months ended June 30, 2019 Compared with Three Months ended June 30, 2018
Three months ended June 30,
2019
2018
Net Revenues
$
65,976
$
98,674
Total Operating Expenses
(1,665,880
)
(840,129
)
Net Interest Expense
(583,308
)
(480,132
)
Grant income
127,737
-
Other miscellaneous income
14,517
-
Net loss
$
(2,040,958
)
$
(1,221,587
)
Revenues
Total net revenues for the three months ended June 30, 2019 were $65,976 compared with $98,674 for the three months ended June 30, 2018, reflecting a decrease of 33.1%. Sales/access fees for three months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018 were $7,500 and $39,500, respectively, reflecting a decrease of $32,000. The primary reason for the decrease in 2019 is directly related to the reduced number of patients treated at licensed clinics and BioCorRx Recovery Program distribution. The lack of payer reimbursement for treatment has significantly affected and limited licensed clinics from providing treatment to individuals seeking treatment. Distribution rights income for three months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018 were $58,476 and $59,174, respectively, the decrease was immaterial.
Total operating expenses for the three months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018 were $1,665,880 and $840,129, respectively, reflecting an increase of $825,751. The primary reason for the increase in 2019 is an increase in stock based compensation related to both directors and service providers as compared to 2018. The Company incurred $810,514 in stock based compensation expense for the three months ended June 30, 2019 compared to $428,390 for the three months ended June 30, 2018. In addition, comparing the three months ended June 30, 2019 to June 30, 2018, research and development expense increased from $0 to $135,138 due to the development costs associated with the upcoming full launch of the Company’s UnCraveRx™ weight loss program, consulting and investor relations fees increased from $210,381 to $305,826 due to an increase in the compensation for the Company’s directors, and accounting and legal fees increased from $28,038 to $165,633 due to more legal services used in 2019 in connection with the Company’s S-1 filings.
Interest Expense
Interest expense for the three months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018 were $583,308 and $480,132, respectively. The increase is primarily due to the interest expense incurred on a past due bill and the amortization of discount on royalty obligation during the three months ended June 30, 2019.
Grant Income
During the three months ended June 30, 2019, the Company received grant income of $127,737 as compared to $0 for the comparable period last year. The funds are available to reimburse the Company for certain incurred direct costs and 17% indirect costs. Indirect costs are costs that are not directly related to the project itself but are required to conduct the research and are critical to the success of the project and organization as a whole.
Net Loss
For the three months ended June 30, 2019, the Company experienced a net loss of $2,040,958 compared with a net loss of $1,221,587 for the three months ended June 30, 2018. The increase in net loss is primarily due to the higher operating costs and stock based compensation incurred in 2019.
Six Months ended June 30, 2019 Compared with Six Months ended June 30, 2018
Six months ended June 30,
2019
2018
Net Revenues
$
131,250
$
246,398
Total Operating Expenses
(3,211,524
)
(1,526,808
)
Net Interest Expense
(1,097,476
)
(942,923
)
Grant income
351,796
-
Other miscellaneous income
14,517
-
Net loss
$
(3,811,437
)
$
(2,223,333
)
Revenues
Total net revenues for the six months ended June 30, 2019 were $131,250 compared with $246,398 for the three months ended June 30, 2018, reflecting a decrease of 46.7%. Sales/access fees for six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018 were $14,250 and $103,700, respectively, reflecting a decrease of $89,450. The primary reason for the decrease in 2019 is directly related to the reduced number of patients treated at licensed clinics and BioCorRx Recovery Program distribution. The lack of payer reimbursement for treatment has significantly affected and limited licensed clinics from providing treatment to individuals seeking treatment. Distribution rights income for six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018 were $117,000 and $142,698, respectively, reflecting a decrease of $25,698. The primary reason for the decrease in 2019 was due to the deferred revenues from certain licenses were fully amortized in prior years.
Total Operating Expenses
Total operating expenses for the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018 were $3,211,524 and $1,526,808, respectively, reflecting an increase of $1,684,716. The primary reason for the increase in 2019 is an increase in stock based compensation related to both directors and service providers as compared to 2018. The Company incurred $1,801,579 in stock based compensation expense in 2019 compared to $605,210 in 2018. In addition, comparing the six months ended June 30, 2019 to June 30, 2018, research and development expense increased from $59,006 to $281,103 due to the launch and expand of the Company’s weight loss program, consulting and investor relations fees increased from $424,472 to $563,920 due to the compensation for the Company’s directors, and accounting and legal fees increased from $ $94,617 to $183,966 due to more legal services used in 2019 in connection with the Company’s S-1 filings.
Interest expense for the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018 were $1,097,476 and $942,923, respectively, the increase is due to debt discount amortization and interest incurred on outstanding loans of $970,027 and $942,923 for the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively, and the interest expense incurred on past due bill and the amortization of discount on royalty obligation during the six months ended June 30, 2019.
Grant Income
During the six months ended June 30, 2019, the Company received grant income of $351,796 as compared to $0 for the comparable period last year. The funds are available to reimburse the Company for certain incurred direct costs and 17% indirect costs.
Net Loss
For the six months ended June 30, 2019, the Company experienced a net loss of $3,811,437 compared with a net loss of $2,223,333 for the six months ended June 30, 2018. The increase in net loss is primarily due to the higher operating costs and stock based compensation incurred in 2019.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
As of June 30, 2019, the Company had cash of approximately $4,813,000. The following table provides a summary of the Company’s net cash flows from operating, investing, and financing activities.
Six months ended June 30,
2019
2018
Net cash used in operating activities
$
(1,224,449
)
$
(954,769
)
Net cash used in investing activities
(67,626
)
(29,563
)
Net cash provided by financing activities
5,825,000
1,550,000
Net increase in cash
4,532,925
565,668
Cash, beginning of period
279,772
11,342
Cash, end of period
$
4,812,697
$
577,010
On January 17, 2019, the Company received a Notice of Award from the United States Department of Health and Human Services for a grant from the National Institutes of Health (“NIH”) in support of BICX102 from the National Institute on Drug Abuse. The grant provides for (i) $2,842,430 in funding during the first year and (ii) $2,831,838 during the second year subject to the terms and conditions specified in the grant, including satisfactory progress of project and the availability of funds.
In March 2019, the Company entered into two Subscription and Royalty Agreements (the “Subscription and Royalty Agreements”), one of which was with Louis and Carolyn Lucido CRT LLC, managed by Mr. Lucido. Pursuant to the Subscription and Royalty Agreements: (i) Each party would purchase shares of the Company’s common stock, par value $0.001 per share (the “Common Stock”), in the aggregate amount of $3,000,000 at a purchase price of $15.00 per share (the “Purchase Price”), for a total of 200,000 shares of Common Stock; and (ii) the Company shall pay each (a) a total of $37.50 from the gross revenue derived from each of its weight loss treatments sold in the United States starting on the first (1st) day that the first unit of the treatment is sold (the “Initial Sales Date”) and ending on the third (3rd) anniversary of the Initial Sales Date; and (b) a total of $25.00 from the gross revenue derived from each of its weight loss treatments sold in the United States starting on the day following the third (3rd) anniversary of the Initial Sales Date and ending on the fifteenth (15th) anniversary of the Initial Sales Date (the “Royalty”).
Under the Lucido agreement, the Company will use no less than 65% of the proceeds of the aggregate Purchase Price of the Lucido Subscription and Royalty Agreement exclusively to develop, launch and expand the Company’s weight loss program (the “Business”) including sales and marketing activities directly related to the Business, and shall be free to use up to 35% of the aggregate Purchase Price of the Lucido Subscription and Royalty Agreement for general working capital and administration, and for further product development. With the prior written consent of Mr. Lucido, the Company may use more than 35% of the aggregate Purchase Price for general working capital and administration, and for further product development. Under the second agreement, the Company will have complete discretion as to the exact amount of the aggregate purchase price to be allocated to the development and expansion of the Business.
In March 2019, the Company issued an aggregate of 400,000 shares of its common stock under these Subscription and Royalty Agreements and subsequently in April 2019 received the proceeds.
The Company has historically sought and continue to seek financing from private sources to move its business plan forward. In order to satisfy the financial commitments, the Company had relied upon private party financing that has inherent risks in terms of availability and adequacy of funding.
For the next twelve months, the Company anticipates that it will need to supplement its revenues with additional capital investment or debt to ensure that the Company will have adequate cash to provide the minimum operating cash requirements to continue as a going concern. There can be no guarantee or assurance that the Company can raise adequate capital from outside sources. If the Company is unable to raise funds when required or on acceptable terms, it has to significantly scale back, or discontinue its operations.
Net Cash Flow from Operating Activities
Net cash used in operating activities was $1,224,449 for the six months ended June 30, 2019 compared to $954,769 used in operating activities the six months ended June 30, 2018. The increase was primarily due to the increased operating costs and expenses incurred in 2019 along with a net decrease in operating liabilities of $135,381.
Net Cash Flow from Investing Activities
Net cash used in investing activities for the six months ended June 30, 2019 of $67,626 was comprised of purchasing equipment, as compared to $29,563 for the same period of last year. The increase was primarily due to the purchase of machinery for research and development activities.
Net Cash Flow from Financing Activities
Net cash provided by financing activities increased by $4,275,000, from $1,550,000 provided by financing activities for the six months ended June 30, 2018 to $5,825,000 cash provided by financing activities for the six months ended June 30, 2019. The increase is primarily due to the $6,000,000 proceeds received in connection with two Subscription and Royalty agreements entered into with Louis and Carolyn Lucido CRT LLC, and J and R Galligan Revocable Trust.
Under the Lucido agreement, the Company will use no less than 65% of the proceeds of the aggregate Purchase Price of the Lucido Subscription and Royalty Agreement exclusively to develop, launch and expand the Company’s weight loss program (the “Business”) including sales and marketing activities directly related to the Business, and shall be free to use up to 35% of the aggregate Purchase Price of the Lucido Subscription and Royalty Agreement for general working capital and administration, and for further product development. With the prior written consent of Mr. Lucido, the Company may use more than 35% of the aggregate Purchase Price for general working capital and administration, and for further product development. Under the second agreement, the Company will have complete discretion as to the exact amount of the aggregate purchase price to be allocated to the development and expansion of the Business.
The Company’s financial statements are prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles applicable to a going concern. This contemplates the realization of assets and the liquidation of liabilities in the normal course of business. As of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, the Company has a working capital deficit of $1,689,269 and $5,807,836, and an accumulated deficit of $58,986,432 and $55,176,450. These conditions raise substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern.
During the six months ended June 30, 2019, the Company raised $100,000 proceeds from the sale of common stock and $6,000,000 proceeds in connection with subscription and royalty agreement (See Note 11). The Company believes that its current cash on hand will not be sufficient to fund its projected operating requirements for the next twelve months since the date of the issuance of the financial statements.
The Company will be dependent upon the raising of additional capital through placement of its common stock in order to implement the Company’s business plan or by using outside financing. There can be no assurance that the Company will be successful in these situations in order to continue as a going concern. The Company is funding its operations by additional borrowings and some shareholder advances.
Off Balance Sheet Arrangements
The Company does not have any off balance sheet arrangements that have or are reasonably likely to have a current or future effect on its financial condition, changes in financial condition, sales or expenses, results of operations, liquidity or capital expenditures, or capital resources that are material to an investment in its securities.
Critical Accounting Policies
Use of Estimates and Assumptions
The preparation of the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Significant estimates include assumptions used in the fair value of stock-based compensation, the fair value of other equity and debt instruments, right-of-use assets, lease liabilities, and allowance for doubtful accounts.
Revenue Recognition
The Company recognizes revenue when: (1) persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists; (2) delivery has occurred; (3) the selling price is fixed or determinable; and (4) collectability is reasonably assured. Determination of criteria (3) and (4) are based on management’s judgments regarding the fixed nature of the selling prices of the products delivered and the collectability of those amounts. Provisions for discounts and rebates to customers, estimated returns and allowances, and other adjustments are provided for in the same period the related revenue is recorded. The Company defers any revenue for which the services has not been performed or is subject to refund until such time that the Company and the customer jointly determine that the services has been performed or no refund will be required.
The Company licenses proprietary products and protocols to customers under licensing agreements that allow those customers to utilize the products and protocols in services they provide to their customers. The timing and amount of revenue recognized from license agreements depends upon a variety of factors, including the specific terms of each agreement. Such agreements are reviewed for multiple performance obligations. Performance obligations can include amounts related to initial non-refundable license fees for the use of the Company’s products and protocols and additional royalties on covered services.
Revenue is only recognized after all of the following criteria are met: (1) written agreements have been executed; (2) delivery of technology or intellectual property rights has occurred; (3) fees are fixed or determinable; and (4) collectability of fees is reasonably assured.
Under these license agreements, the Company receives an initial non-refundable license fee and in some cases, additional running royalties. Generally, the Company defers recognition of non-refundable upfront fees if it has continuing performance obligations without which the technology, right, product or service conveyed in conjunction with the non-refundable fee has no utility to the licensee that is separate and independent of its performance under the other elements of the arrangement. License fees collected from Licensees but not yet recognized as income are recorded as deferred revenue and amortized as income earned over the expected economic life of the related contract.
We, from time to time, collect initial license fees when license agreements are signed and become effective. License fees collected from Licensees but not yet recognized as income are recorded as deferred revenue and amortized as income earned over the economic life of the related contract.
Stock-Based Compensation
Share-based compensation issued to employees is measured at the grant date, based on the fair value of the award, and is recognized as an expense over the requisite service period. The Company measures the fair value of the share-based compensation issued to non-employees using the stock price observed in the arms-length private placement transaction nearest the measurement date (for stock transactions) or the fair value of the award (for non-stock transactions), which were considered to be more reliably determinable measures of fair value than the value of the services being rendered. The measurement date is the earlier of (1) the date at which commitment for performance by the counterparty to earn the equity instruments is reached, or (2) the date at which the counterparty’s performance is complete.
Grant Income
On January 17, 2019, the Company received a Notice of Award from the United States Department of Health and Human Services for a grant from the National Institutes of Health (“NIH”) in support of BICX102 from the National Institute on Drug Abuse. The grant provides for (i) $2,842,430 in funding during the first year and (ii) $2,831,838 during the second year subject to the terms and conditions specified in the grant, including satisfactory progress of project and the availability of funds. Grant payments received prior to the Company’s performance of work required by the terms of the research grant are recorded as deferred income and recognized as grant income once work is performed and qualifying costs are incurred. As of June 30, 2019 $351,796 in grant funds received were recorded as grant income.
Leases
The Company determines if an arrangement is a lease at inception. Operating lease right-of-use assets ( ROU assets ) and short-term and long-term lease liabilities are included on the face of the condensed consolidated balance sheet.
ROU assets represent the right to use an underlying asset for the lease term and lease liabilities represent the Company s obligation to make lease payments arising from the lease. Operating lease ROU assets and liabilities are recognized at commencement date based on the present value of lease payments over the lease term. As most of the Company s leases do not provide an implicit rate, the Company uses an incremental borrowing rate based on the information available at commencement date in determining the present value of lease payments. The operating lease ROU asset also excludes lease incentives. The Company s lease terms may include options to extend or terminate the lease when it is reasonably certain that the Company will exercise that option. Lease expense for lease payments is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term. The Company has lease agreements with lease and non-lease components, which are accounted for as a single lease component. For lease agreements with terms less than 12 months, the Company has elected the short-term lease measurement and recognition exemption, and it recognizes such lease payments on a straight-line basis over the lease term.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
See the Company’s discussion under Note 2-Signifciant Accounting Policies in its financial statements.
As required under Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), the Company carried out an evaluation under the supervision and with the participation of its management, including its Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of its disclosure controls and procedures as of June 30, 2019. Based upon that evaluation, the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures as of June 30, 2019 were effective.
There have been no changes in the Company’s internal controls over financial reporting (as defined in Rule 13a-15(f) and 15d-(f) of the Exchange Act) that occurred during last fiscal quarter to which this report relates that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, its internal control over financial reporting.
There were, however, changes to our internal control over financial reporting during 2016 and 2017 that have not previously been reported. In August 2016, we hired an accounting administrator to perform basic bookkeeping functions which allows for segregation of duties between different personnel. In addition, in August 2017, we hired a part-time outsourced controller to review the financial statements prepared by other Company personnel. On July 1, 2019, we hired an accounting manager to oversee our day-to-day accounting operations.
Management’s report on internal control over financial reporting
Our management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting, as defined in Rule 13a-15(f) under the Exchange Act. Internal control over financial reporting is a process designed by, or under the supervision of, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, and effected by our Board, management and other personnel, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with GAAP, including those policies and procedures that: (i) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect our transactions and the disposition of our assets, (ii) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of consolidated financial statements in accordance with GAAP and that receipts and expenditures are being made only in accordance with authorizations of our management and Board, and (iii) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of our assets that could have a material effect on the consolidated financial statements. Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements.
Management conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting based on the framework in Internal Control—Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission. Based on this evaluation, as a result of the full integration during 2018 and 2019 of our accounting administrator, our part-time outsourced controller and accounting manager, management concluded that our internal control over financial reporting was effective as of June 30, 2019.
From time to time, the Company may be engaged in various lawsuits and legal proceedings in the ordinary course of its business. Except as described below, the Company is currently not aware of any legal proceedings the ultimate outcome of which, in its judgment based on information currently available, would have a material adverse effect on its business, financial condition or results of operations. The Company is currently not a party to any material legal proceedings or claims not previously disclosed on Form 8-K.
There were no unregistered sales of the Company’s equity securities during the quarter ended June 30, 2019 that were not previously reported in a Current Report on Form 8-K except as follows:
During the three months ended March 31, 2019, the Company issued an aggregate of 8,706 shares of its common stock for services rendered valued at $40,250 based on the underlying market value of the common stock at the date of issuance.
During the three months ended March 31, 2019, the Company issued 1,000 shares of its common stock to pay for interest expense valued at $7,500 based on the underlying market value of the common stock at the date of issuance.
During the three months ended June 30, 2019, the Company issued an aggregate of 33,588 shares of its common stock for services rendered valued at $147,650 based on the underlying market value of the common stock at the date of issuance.
During the three months ended June 30, 2019, the Company issued 3,842 shares of its common stock to pay for interest expense valued at $21,000 based on the underlying market value of the common stock at the date of issuance. | 2023-08-27T01:26:19.665474 | https://example.com/article/2584 |
Q:
When should I use ndb.KeyProperty vs. ancestors?
In AppEngine's NDB datastore, it seems there are 2 ways to relate objects with one another. There's ndb.KeyProperty and parents/ancestors keys. I'm a bit confused as to when I should be using one or the other?
Right now I've been using KeyProperty exclusively, since it's the most familiar one, but I want to know when one is a better fit than the other.
A:
Ancestors are hierarchical - they can be used when you have hierarchical relationships between things (for instance, in a forum system you might have Forums which have Topics which in turn have Posts).
KeyProperty is not inherently hierarchical - it just provides a link. It should be used for non-hierarchical linkages between items. Reusing the forum example from the previous paragraph, one might use a KeyProperty to link a Post to the User who created it - because Users aren't in the forum-topic-post hierarchy. They're related to all 3 (for instance, a User might create a post, create a topic, and/or moderate a forum).
In the end, however, the main tradeoff between ancestors and keys is in consistency vs. throughput: ancestor-based queries give you strong consistency relative to recent updates, but impose a limit of 1 modification per second for any given entity group and a maximum size limit for the group due to lack of distribution.
| 2023-10-05T01:26:19.665474 | https://example.com/article/8455 |
Fresh off NPD's latest Mobile Phone Track report claiming that Android has leapfrogged the iPhone in US sales, Apple is commenting on the numbers -- and as you might expect, they're not exactly taking a congratulatory tone with Google. Speaking to AllThingsD's John Paczkowski, Cupertino had this to say:
"This is a very limited report on 150,000 US consumers responding to an online survey and does not account for the more than 85 million iPhone and iPod touch customers worldwide. IDC figures show that iPhone has 16.1 percent of the smartphone market and growing, far outselling Android on a worldwide basis. We had a record quarter with iPhone sales growing by 131 percent and with our new iPhone OS 4.0 software coming this summer, we see no signs of the competition catching up anytime soon."
The factual accuracy of Apple's words here can't really be disputed, but as Paczkowski notes, the context can: lumping the iPod touch into this equation isn't really fair, since NPD's report is about smartphones, not mobile operating systems (which would've let devices like non-phone Android MIDs into the picture). Besides, this is about the US market in the first quarter of 2010, not global sales, nor is it about Apple's development pipeline. In other words, Apple's not disputing NPD's report here -- rather, they're simply trying to change the subject, as any properly-trained PR department would. There's no question Android still has an uphill battle to dominate market (and mind) share the world over, but the odds that it outsold the iPhone in the US in Q1 remain very real. | 2023-08-11T01:26:19.665474 | https://example.com/article/6574 |
Despite his wealth, Batman, AKA Bruce Wayne, just doesn’t seem like the Golfing-Type. I’m sure he doesn’t have the time between running a multi-million dollar company, nabbing super-villians, and yelling | 2024-05-07T01:26:19.665474 | https://example.com/article/4636 |
buttonCancel:
description: Cancel button on dialog.
message: Annuler
buttonClose:
description: Button to close window.
message: Fermer
buttonConfirmInstallation:
description: Button to confirm installation of a script.
message: Confirmer l'installation
buttonDisable:
description: Button to disable a script.
message: Désactiver
buttonEdit:
description: Button to edit a script.
message: Éditer
buttonEditClickHint:
description: Tooltip for the Edit button in popup.
message: ''
buttonEmptyRecycleBin:
description: Button to empty the recycle bin.
message: Vider la corbeille
buttonEnable:
description: Button to enable a script.
message: Activer
buttonExportData:
description: Button to open the data export dialog.
message: Exporter en zip
buttonFilter:
description: Button to show filters menu.
message: Filtres
buttonHome:
description: Button to open homepage.
message: Accueil
buttonImportData:
description: Button to choose a file for data import.
message: Importer depuis un zip
buttonInstallFromURL:
description: Button to ask for URL of a user script.
message: Installer depuis une URL
buttonInstallOptions:
description: Button to show options of installation confirm page.
message: Options
buttonNew:
description: Button to create a new script.
message: Nouveau
buttonOK:
description: OK button on dialog.
message: OK
buttonRecycleBin:
description: Button to list scripts in recycle bin.
message: Corbeille
buttonRemove:
description: Button to remove a script.
message: Supprimer
buttonReplace:
description: Button to replace the current match.
message: Remplacer
buttonReplaceAll:
description: Button to replace all matches.
message: Tous
buttonReset:
description: Button to reset to default values.
message: Réinitialiser
buttonRestore:
description: Button to restore a removed script.
message: Remettre le script
buttonSave:
description: Button to save modifications of a script.
message: Sauvegarder
buttonSaveBlacklist:
description: Button to save global blacklist.
message: Sauvegarder
buttonSaveClose:
description: Button to save modifications of a script and then close the editing page.
message: Sauvegarder et fermer
buttonSaveCustomCSS:
description: Label for button to save custom CSS.
message: Sauvegarder
buttonShowEditorState:
description: Button to show the list of currently used CodeMirror options.
message: Afficher la configuration de l’éditeur
buttonSupport:
description: Button to open support page.
message: Page de support
buttonUndo:
description: Button to undo removement of a script.
message: Annuler
touched: false
buttonUpdate:
description: Check a script for updates.
message: Vérifier les mises à jour
buttonUpdateAll:
description: Check all scripts for updates.
message: Vérifier toutes les mises à jour
buttonVacuum:
description: Button to vacuum extension data.
message: Nettoyer la base de données
buttonVacuumed:
description: Message shown when data is vacuumed.
message: Données nettoyées
buttonVacuuming:
description: Message shown when data vacuum is in progress.
message: Nettoyage des données…
confirmNotSaved:
description: Confirm message shown when there are unsaved script modifications.
message: |-
Les modifications n’ont pas étés sauvegardées !
Cliquez sur OK pour les rejeter ou annuler pour rester
descBlacklist:
description: HTML Description for the global blacklist.
message: Les scripts se seront pas injectés dans les URL filtrées par cette liste.
descCustomCSS:
description: Description of custom CSS section.
message: >-
CSS personnalisée pour la page d’options et pour la page d’installation de
script. Si vous n'êtes pas certain·e de ce que vous faites, veuillez ne pas
l’éditer.
descEditorOptions:
description: Description of editor options JSON section.
message: >-
Custom options for CodeMirror and addons in JSON object like
<code>{"indentUnit":2, "smartIndent":true}</code> however note that some of
them may not work in Violentmonkey. See <a
href="https://codemirror.net/doc/manual.html#config" target="_blank"
rel="noopener noreferrer">full list</a>.
editHelpDocumention:
description: Label in the editor help tab for the documentation link.
message: 'Documentation on userscript metadata block and <code>GM</code> API:'
editHelpKeyboard:
description: Label in the editor help tab for the keyboard shortcuts.
message: "Raccourcis clavier\_:"
editHowToHint:
description: The text of the how-to link in the editor header.
message: "Vous utilisez un autre éditeur de texte\_?"
editLabelMeta:
description: Metadata section in settings tab of script editor.
message: Metadonnées personnalisées
editLabelSettings:
description: Settings section in settings tab of script editor.
message: Paramètres du script
editNavCode:
description: Label of code tab in script editor.
message: Code
editNavSettings:
description: Label of settings tab in script editor.
message: Configuration
editNavValues:
description: Label of values tab in script editor.
message: Valeurs
editValueAll:
description: Button to show/edit the entire script value storage.
message: ''
editValueAllHint:
description: Tooltip for the 'all' button.
message: ''
editValueCancel:
description: Button to cancel modification of a script value.
message: Annuler
editValueSave:
description: Button to save modification of a script value.
message: Sauvegarder
extDescription:
description: 'Description for this extension, will be displayed in web store'
message: Un gestionnaire de scipts utilisateurs qui supporte beaucoup de navigateurs
extName:
description: Name of this extension.
message: Violentmonkey
failureReasonBlacklisted:
description: 'Shown for blacklisted URLs (in the extension icon tooltip, in the popup)'
message: Sur la liste noire des paramètres de Violentmonkey
failureReasonNoninjectable:
description: >-
Shown for URLs that cannot be processed (same places as
failureBlacklistedUrl)
message: "Violentmonkey ne peut pas lancer de scripts utilisateurs\nsur cette page (exemples courants\_: page du navigateur\nou d’une extension)"
filterAlphabeticalOrder:
description: Label for option to sort scripts in alphabetical order.
message: ordre alphabétique
filterExecutionOrder:
description: Label for option to sort scripts in execution order.
message: ordre d’exécution
filterLastUpdateOrder:
description: Label for option to sort scripts by last update time.
message: dernière mise à jour
filterScopeAll:
description: Option in dashboard's search scope filter.
message: Tous
filterScopeCode:
description: Option in dashboard's search scope filter.
message: Code
filterScopeName:
description: Option in dashboard's search scope filter.
message: Nom
genericOff:
description: 'To indicate something is turned off or disabled, similar to "no".'
message: 'off'
genericOn:
description: 'To indicate something is turned on or enabled, similar to "yes".'
message: 'on'
genericUseGlobal:
description: To indicate some per-script option will use its analog in global settings.
message: utiliser le paramètre global
headerRecycleBin:
description: Text shown in the header when scripts in recycle bin are listed.
message: Corbeille
hintInputURL:
description: Hint for a prompt box to input URL of a user script.
message: "URL source\_:"
hintRecycleBin:
description: Hint for recycle bin.
message: Les scripts supprimés sont listés ici et conservés pendant 7 jours.
hintUseDownloadURL:
description: Shown as a place holder for @updateURL when it is not assigned
message: Utiliser @downloadURL
hintVacuum:
description: Hint for vacuuming data.
message: >-
Éliminer la redondance et essayer de recharger les ressources manquantes
dans le cache.
installFrom:
description: Label for button to install script from a userscript site.
message: Installer depuis $1
installOptionClose:
description: Option to close confirm window after installation.
message: Fermer après l’installation
installOptionTrack:
description: Option to track the loading local file before window is closed.
message: Vérifier le fichier local avant de fermer la fenêtre
installOptionTrackTooltip:
description: >-
Tooltip in Firefox 68+ for the option to track the loading local file before
window is closed.
message: >-
L’onglet du fichier source devrait être maintenu ouvert sur Firefox 68 et
plus.
labelAbout:
description: Label shown on top of the about page.
message: À propos de Violentmonkey
labelAdvanced:
description: Label for button to show advanced settings.
message: Avancé
labelAllowUpdate:
description: Option to allow checking updates for a script.
message: Autoriser les mises à jour
labelAuthor:
description: Label of author shown in the details of a script.
message: "Auteur\_: "
labelAutoReloadCurrentTab:
description: Option to reload current tab after a script is switched on or off from menu.
message: >-
Recharger l’onglet courant après avoir activé/désactivé un script dans le
menu
labelAutoUpdate:
description: Option to allow automatically checking scripts for updates
message: >-
Vérifier les mises à jour de scripts tous les $1 jour(s), renseigner 0 pour
désactiver
labelBadge:
description: Label for option to show number on badge.
message: "Montrer sur le badge\_: "
labelBadgeNone:
description: Option to display nothing on badge.
message: Rien
labelBadgeTotal:
description: Option to display total number of running scripts on badge.
message: Le nombre de scripts en cours d’exécution
labelBadgeUnique:
description: Option to display number of unique running scripts on badge.
message: Le nombre de scripts uniques en cours d’exécution
labelBlacklist:
description: Label for global blacklist settings in security section.
message: Liste noire
labelContributors:
description: Label for link to contributors.
message: Contributors
labelCurrentLang:
description: Label of current language.
message: "Langue actuelle\_: "
labelCustomCSS:
description: Label for custom CSS section.
message: Style personnalisé
labelDataExport:
description: Section title of data export.
message: Export de données
labelDataImport:
description: Section title of data import.
message: Import de données
labelDonate:
description: Label of link to donate page.
message: Dons
labelDownloadURL:
description: Label of script @downloadURL in custom meta data.
message: "URL de téléchargement\_:"
labelEditValue:
description: Label shown in the panel to edit a script value.
message: Éditer la valeur du script
labelEditValueAll:
description: Label shown in the panel to edit the entire script value storage.
message: ''
labelEditor:
description: Label for Editor settings
message: Éditeur
labelExclude:
description: Label of @exclude rules.
message: Règles @exclude
labelExcludeMatch:
description: Label of @exclude-match rules.
message: Règles @exclude-match
labelExportScriptData:
description: Option to export script data along with scripts.
message: Exporter les données du script
labelExposeStatus:
description: Option in advanced settings.
message: "Exposer la version installée sur les sites de scripts utilisateurs\_: $1"
labelFeedback:
description: Label of link to feedback page.
message: Retour d’expérience
labelFilterSort:
description: Label for sort filter.
message: Trier par $1
labelGeneral:
description: Label for general settings.
message: Général
labelHelpTranslate:
description: Label for link to localization guide in about tab
message: Aider à traduire
labelHomepage:
description: Label for home page in about tab.
message: Page d’accueil
labelHomepageURL:
description: Label of script @homepageURL in custom meta data.
message: "URL de la page d’accueil\_:"
labelImportSettings:
description: Label for option to import settings from zip file.
message: Importer les paramètres
labelInclude:
description: Label of @include rules.
message: Règles @include
labelInjectionMode:
description: Label for default option to inject scripts.
message: "Mode d’injection par défaut\_:"
labelInstall:
description: Shown in the title of the confirm page while trying to install a script.
message: Installation du script
labelKeepOriginal:
description: Option to keep the original match or ignore rules.
message: Garder l’original
labelLastUpdatedAt:
description: Label shown on last updated time.
message: Dernière mise à jour le $1
labelLineNumber:
description: Label for line number jumper.
message: "Ligne n°.\_: "
labelMatch:
description: Label of @match rules.
message: Règles @match
labelName:
description: Label of script name.
message: "Nom\_:"
labelNoName:
description: Text as the name of a script when no @name is assigned.
message: Pas de nom
labelNoSearchScripts:
description: Message shown when no script is found in search results.
message: Pas de script trouvé
labelNotifyThisUpdated:
description: >-
A per-script option in editor to enable notification when this script is
updated. The text follows "Allow update" checkbox option so it's like a
continuation of the phrase.
message: ", puis envoyer une notification\_:"
labelNotifyUpdates:
description: Option to show notification when script is updated.
message: Notification de mise à jour de script
labelNotifyUpdatesGlobal:
description: Option to prioritize global notification option over script's setting.
message: >-
ignorer le paramètre de notification par script (onglet "Configuration" dans
l'éditeur)
labelPopupSort:
description: Label in the VM settings tab for script list sort order in popup
message: Trier les scripts dans la popup par $1
labelPrivacyPolicy:
description: Label of link to privacy policy
message: ''
labelRelated:
description: Label of related links.
message: "Liens utiles\_: "
labelRemovedAt:
description: Label for the time when the script is removed.
message: Supprimé le $1
labelReplace:
description: Label for replace input in search box.
message: "Remplacer par\_: "
labelRunAt:
description: Label of script @run-at properties in custom meta data.
message: "Lancer à\_:"
labelRunAtDefault:
description: Shown when custom @run-at is not assigned.
message: (Défaut)
labelScriptTemplate:
description: Label for custom script template.
message: Modèle de script personnalisé
labelSearch:
description: Label for search input in search box.
message: "Rechercher\_: "
labelSearchScript:
description: Placeholder for script search box.
message: Chercher des scripts…
labelSettings:
description: Label shown on the top of settings page
message: Configuration
labelSync:
description: Label for sync options.
message: Synchronisation
labelSyncAnonymous:
description: Label for using anonymous account.
message: Utiliser un compte anonyme
labelSyncAuthorize:
description: Label for button to authorize a service.
message: Autoriser
labelSyncAuthorizing:
description: Label for button when authorization is in progress.
message: Autorisation
labelSyncDisabled:
description: Label for option to disable sync service.
message: Aucun
labelSyncPassword:
description: Label for input to hold password.
message: "Mot de passe\_: "
labelSyncReauthorize:
description: Option to reauthorize sync service when expired.
message: Réautoriser automatiquement à l’expiration
touched: false
labelSyncRevoke:
description: Label for button to revoke authorization for a service.
message: Révoquer
labelSyncScriptStatus:
description: Label for option to sync script status.
message: Synchroniser le statut du script
labelSyncServerUrl:
description: Label for input to hold server URL.
message: "URL du serveur\_: "
labelSyncService:
description: Label for sync service select.
message: Synchroniser sur
labelSyncUsername:
description: Label for input to hold username.
message: "Nom d’utilisateur\_: "
labelTranslator:
description: Label of translator.
message: 'Traducteur·ice·s: '
touched: false
labelUpdateURL:
description: Label of script @updateURL in custom meta data.
message: "URL de mise à jour\_:"
lastSync:
description: Label for last sync timestamp.
message: Dernière synchronisation le $1
learnBlacklist:
description: Refers to a link to introduce blacklist patterns.
message: En apprendre plus sur les motifs de la liste noire.
learnInjectionMode:
description: Refers to a link to introduce injection modes.
message: En savoir plus sur les modes d’injection
menuCommands:
description: Menu item to list script commands.
message: Commandes de script
touched: false
menuDashboard:
description: Label for menu item to open dashboard.
message: Ouvrir le tableau de bord
menuFindScripts:
description: Menu item to find scripts for a site.
message: Chercher des scripts pour ce site
menuInjectionFailed:
description: Injection error.
message: ''
menuInjectionFailedFix:
description: 'Injection error fix, shown in case the default mode is "page".'
message: ''
menuMatchedFrameScripts:
description: Label for menu listing matching scripts in sub-frames.
message: Scripts uniquement pour les sub-frames
menuMatchedScripts:
description: Label for menu listing matched scripts.
message: Scripts associés
menuNewScript:
description: Menu item to create a new script.
message: Créer un nouveau script
menuScriptDisabled:
description: 'Menu item showing the status of Violentmonkey, when disabled.'
message: Scripts désactivés
menuScriptEnabled:
description: 'Menu item showing the status of Violentmonkey, when enabled.'
message: Scripts activés
msgCheckingForUpdate:
description: Message shown when a script is being checked for updates by version numbers.
message: Vérification des mises à jour…
msgErrorFetchingResource:
description: >-
Message shown when Violentmonkey fails fetching a resource/require/icon of
the script.
message: "Erreur lors de la récupération de la ressource\_!"
msgErrorFetchingScript:
description: Message shown when Violentmonkey fails fetching a new version of the script.
message: "Erreur de récupération du script\_!"
msgErrorFetchingUpdateInfo:
description: Message shown when Violentmonkey fails fetching version data of the script.
message: Échec de récupération des informations de mise à jour.
msgErrorLoadingData:
description: >-
Message shown on confirm page when the script to be installed cannot be
loaded.
message: Erreur de chargement des données du script.
msgErrorLoadingDependency:
description: Message shown when not all requirements are loaded successfully.
message: Erreur du chargement des dépendances.
msgImported:
description: >-
Message shown after import. There is an argument referring to the count of
scripts imported.
message: $1 élément·s importé·s.
msgIncognitoChanges:
description: >-
Message shown in popup and installation tab when opened in an incognito
window.
message: >-
Les changements effectués en navigation privée s'appliquent aussi à votre
profil principal.
msgInstalled:
description: Message shown when a script is installed.
message: Script installé.
msgInvalidScript:
description: Message shown when script is invalid.
message: "Script invalide\_!"
msgLoadedData:
description: >-
Message shown in the confirm page when a javascript file to be installed is
loaded.
message: Données du script chargées.
msgLoading:
description: Message shown in the options page before script list is loaded.
message: Chargement…
touched: false
msgLoadingData:
description: Message shown on confirm page when the script to be installed is loading.
message: Chargement des données du script…
msgLoadingDependency:
description: Message shown on confirm page when the requirements are being downloaded.
message: Chargement des dépendances… ($1/$2)
msgNamespaceConflict:
description: >-
Message shown when namespace of the new script conflicts with an existent
one.
message: "Conflit d’espace de nom du script\_! Veuillez modifier @name et @namespace"
msgNewVersion:
description: >-
Message shown when a new version of script is found by @updateURL, but no
@downloadURL is provided.
message: Nouvelle version trouvée.
msgNoUpdate:
description: Message shown when there is no new version of a script.
message: Pas de mise à jour trouvée.
msgSavedBlacklist:
description: Message shown when blacklist are saved.
message: Liste noire mise à jour.
msgSavedCustomCSS:
description: Message shown when custom CSS is saved.
message: Style personnalisé mis à jour.
msgSavedEditorOptions:
description: Message shown when editor options are saved.
message: Les options de l’éditeur de texte sont mises à jour.
msgSavedScriptTemplate:
description: Message shown when custom script template is saved.
message: Le modèle de script personnalisé a été mis à jour.
msgScriptUpdated:
description: Notification message for script updates.
message: "Script [$1] mis à jour\_!"
msgSyncError:
description: Message shown when sync failed.
message: "Erreur de synchronisation\_!"
msgSyncInit:
description: Message shown when sync service is initializing.
message: Initialisation…
msgSyncInitError:
description: Message shown when sync fails in initialization.
message: "Erreur d’initialisation\_!"
msgSyncReady:
description: Message shown when sync will start soon.
message: La synchronisation va bientôt démarrer…
msgSyncing:
description: Message shown when sync is in progress.
message: Synchronisation en cours…
msgUpdated:
description: Message shown when a script is updated/reinstalled.
message: Script mis à jour.
msgUpdating:
description: Message shown when a new version of script is being fetched.
message: Mise à jour…
noValues:
description: Label shown when there is no value for current script.
message: Aucune valeur n’est enregistrée
optionEditorWindow:
description: Label for the option in settings
message: ''
optionEditorWindowHint:
description: >-
Tooltip for optionEditorWindow in case the browser doesn't support
onBoundsChanged
message: ''
optionEditorWindowSimple:
description: Label for the editor window type
message: ''
optionPopupEnabledFirst:
description: Option to show enabled scripts first in popup.
message: Scripts activés en premier
optionPopupHideDisabled:
description: Option to hide disabled scripts in popup.
message: Cacher les scripts désactivés
optionShowEnabledFirst:
description: Option to show enabled scripts first in alphabetical order.
message: Montrer les scripts activés en premier
searchCaseSensitive:
description: Option to perform a case-sensitive search
message: Sensible à la casse
searchUseRegex:
description: Option to perform a regular expression search
message: Utiliser une expression régulière
sideMenuAbout:
description: 'Side menu: About'
message: À propos
sideMenuInstalled:
description: 'Side menu: Installed scripts'
message: Scripts installés
sideMenuSettings:
description: 'Side menu: Settings'
message: Configuration
titleScriptUpdated:
description: Notification title for script updates.
message: Mise à jour
titleSearchHint:
description: Hover title for search icon in dashboard.
message: "* La touche <Enter> ajoute le texte à l'historique d'autocomplétion\n* La syntaxe pour les expressions régulières est supportée\_: /re/ et /re/flags"
valueLabelKey:
description: Label for key of a script value.
message: Clé (chaine de caractères)
valueLabelValue:
description: Label for value of a script value.
message: Valeur (sérialisée comme JSON)
valueLabelValueAll:
description: Label for input of entire script value storage.
message: ''
visitWebsite:
description: Label for link to open Violentmonkey website.
message: Aller sur le site web
| 2024-01-23T01:26:19.665474 | https://example.com/article/8341 |
// This file is part of OpenCV project.
// It is subject to the license terms in the LICENSE file found in the top-level directory
// of this distribution and at http://opencv.org/license.html.
// Copyright (C) 2016, Intel Corporation, all rights reserved.
// Third party copyrights are property of their respective owners.
/*
Implementation of Batch Normalization layer.
*/
#include "../precomp.hpp"
#include "layers_common.hpp"
#include "../op_cuda.hpp"
#include "../op_halide.hpp"
#include <opencv2/dnn/shape_utils.hpp>
#ifdef HAVE_CUDA
#include "../cuda4dnn/primitives/max_unpooling.hpp"
using namespace cv::dnn::cuda4dnn;
#endif
namespace cv
{
namespace dnn
{
class MaxUnpoolLayerImpl CV_FINAL : public MaxUnpoolLayer
{
public:
MaxUnpoolLayerImpl(const LayerParams& params)
{
setParamsFrom(params);
poolKernel = Size(params.get<int>("pool_k_w"), params.get<int>("pool_k_h"));
poolPad = Size(params.get<int>("pool_pad_w"), params.get<int>("pool_pad_h"));
poolStride = Size(params.get<int>("pool_stride_w"), params.get<int>("pool_stride_h"));
}
virtual bool supportBackend(int backendId) CV_OVERRIDE
{
return backendId == DNN_BACKEND_OPENCV ||
backendId == DNN_BACKEND_CUDA ||
(backendId == DNN_BACKEND_HALIDE && haveHalide() && !poolPad.width && !poolPad.height);
}
bool getMemoryShapes(const std::vector<MatShape> &inputs,
const int requiredOutputs,
std::vector<MatShape> &outputs,
std::vector<MatShape> &internals) const CV_OVERRIDE
{
CV_Assert(inputs.size() == 2 || inputs.size() == 3);
CV_Assert(total(inputs[0]) == total(inputs[1]));
MatShape outShape;
if (inputs.size() == 2)
{
outShape = inputs[0];
outShape[2] = (outShape[2] - 1) * poolStride.height + poolKernel.height - 2 * poolPad.height;
outShape[3] = (outShape[3] - 1) * poolStride.width + poolKernel.width - 2 * poolPad.width;
}
else
outShape = inputs[2];
outputs.clear();
outputs.push_back(outShape);
return false;
}
void forward(InputArrayOfArrays inputs_arr, OutputArrayOfArrays outputs_arr, OutputArrayOfArrays internals_arr) CV_OVERRIDE
{
CV_TRACE_FUNCTION();
CV_TRACE_ARG_VALUE(name, "name", name.c_str());
if (inputs_arr.depth() == CV_16S)
{
forward_fallback(inputs_arr, outputs_arr, internals_arr);
return;
}
std::vector<Mat> inputs, outputs;
inputs_arr.getMatVector(inputs);
outputs_arr.getMatVector(outputs);
CV_Assert(inputs.size() == 2 || inputs.size() == 3);
Mat& input = inputs[0];
Mat& indices = inputs[1];
CV_Assert(input.total() == indices.total());
CV_Assert(input.size[0] == 1);
CV_Assert(input.isContinuous());
for(int i_n = 0; i_n < outputs.size(); i_n++)
{
Mat& outBlob = outputs[i_n];
outBlob.setTo(0);
CV_Assert(input.size[1] == outBlob.size[1]);
int outPlaneTotal = outBlob.size[2]*outBlob.size[3];
for (int i_c = 0; i_c < input.size[1]; i_c++)
{
Mat outPlane = getPlane(outBlob, 0, i_c);
int wh_area = input.size[2]*input.size[3];
const float* inptr = input.ptr<float>(0, i_c);
const float* idxptr = indices.ptr<float>(0, i_c);
float* outptr = outPlane.ptr<float>();
for(int i_wh = 0; i_wh < wh_area; i_wh++)
{
int index = idxptr[i_wh];
if (!(0 <= index && index < outPlaneTotal))
{
std::cerr
<< "i_n=" << i_n << std::endl
<< "i_c=" << i_c << std::endl
<< "i_wh=" << i_wh << std::endl
<< "index=" << index << std::endl
<< "maxval=" << inptr[i_wh] << std::endl
<< "outPlaneTotal=" << outPlaneTotal << std::endl
<< "input.size=" << input.size << std::endl
<< "indices.size=" << indices.size << std::endl
<< "outBlob=" << outBlob.size << std::endl
;
CV_Assert(0 <= index && index < outPlaneTotal);
}
outptr[index] = inptr[i_wh];
}
}
}
}
#ifdef HAVE_CUDA
Ptr<BackendNode> initCUDA(
void *context_,
const std::vector<Ptr<BackendWrapper>>& inputs,
const std::vector<Ptr<BackendWrapper>>& outputs
) override
{
auto context = reinterpret_cast<csl::CSLContext*>(context_);
cuda4dnn::MaxUnpoolingConfiguration config;
auto& window_size = config.window_size;
window_size.resize(2);
window_size[0] = poolKernel.height;
window_size[1] = poolKernel.width;
auto& strides = config.strides;
strides.resize(2);
strides[0] = poolStride.height;
strides[1] = poolStride.width;
auto& pads_begin = config.pads_begin;
pads_begin.resize(2);
pads_begin[0] = poolPad.height;
pads_begin[1] = poolPad.width;
return make_cuda_node<cuda4dnn::MaxUnpoolingOp>(preferableTarget, std::move(context->stream), config);
}
#endif
virtual Ptr<BackendNode> initHalide(const std::vector<Ptr<BackendWrapper> > &input) CV_OVERRIDE
{
#ifdef HAVE_HALIDE
// Meaningless operation if false because if kernel > stride
// it is not deterministic and if kernel < stride we just
// skip a part of input data (you'd better change your model).
if (poolKernel.width != poolStride.width ||
poolKernel.height != poolStride.height)
CV_Error(cv::Error::StsNotImplemented,
"Halide backend for maximum unpooling "
"is not support cases when kernel != stride");
Halide::Var x("x"), y("y"), c("c"), n("n");
Halide::Func top = (name.empty() ? Halide::Func() : Halide::Func(name));
Halide::Buffer<float> inputBuffer = halideBuffer(input[0]);
Halide::Buffer<float> indices = halideBuffer(input[1]);
Halide::Expr pooledX = x / poolKernel.width;
Halide::Expr pooledY = y / poolKernel.height;
const int outW = inputBuffer.width() * poolKernel.width;
top(x, y, c, n) = select(y * outW + x == indices(pooledX, pooledY, c, n),
inputBuffer(pooledX, pooledY, c, n), 0.0f);
return Ptr<BackendNode>(new HalideBackendNode(top));
#endif // HAVE_HALIDE
return Ptr<BackendNode>();
}
};
Ptr<MaxUnpoolLayer> MaxUnpoolLayer::create(const LayerParams& params)
{
return Ptr<MaxUnpoolLayer>(new MaxUnpoolLayerImpl(params));
}
}
}
| 2024-01-08T01:26:19.665474 | https://example.com/article/3063 |
/*
* Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
* contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with this
* work for additional information regarding copyright ownership. The ASF
* licenses this file to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
* "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
* You may obtain a copy of the License at
*
* http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
*
* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
* distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT
* WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the
* License for the specific language governing permissions and limitations under
* the License.
*/
package org.apache.knox.gateway.topology.discovery.cm.monitor;
import org.apache.knox.gateway.topology.discovery.ServiceDiscoveryConfig;
import java.util.Set;
/**
* Interface for managing the persistence of discovery configurations.
*/
public interface DiscoveryConfigurationStore {
/**
* Store the specified configuration.
*
* @param config A ServiceDiscoveryConfig
*/
void store(ServiceDiscoveryConfig config);
/**
* Get all the stored discovery configurations.
*
* @return A Set of ServiceDiscoveryConfig objects
*/
Set<ServiceDiscoveryConfig> getAll();
/**
* Remove the discovery configuration identified by the specified discovery address and cluster name.
*
* @param address The discovery address
* @param cluster The cluster name
*/
void remove(String address, String cluster);
}
| 2023-12-02T01:26:19.665474 | https://example.com/article/3709 |
Why You Need the Right pH
Gardening is supposed to be fun, right? It’s a chance to get out and play in the dirt, with the added benefit of producing tasty food and beautiful flowers for the dining room table. Many gardeners would rather leave it at that, but in fact, there is a lot of science involved in successful gardening. In order for your garden plants, whether vegetable or ornamental, to truly thrive, you need to understand, and be able to apply some basic chemistry concepts.
“Basic” Chemistry
One of the major reasons that plants thrive—or don’t—has to do with the pH of the soil in which they are grown. PH, which stands for the “power of hydrogen,” refers to the concentration of hydrogen ions. This matters because the amount of hydrogen ions that are freely present in your soil affects a plant’s ability to tap into the nutrients available. In other words, if your soil’s pH is not ideal for your plant, it doesn’t matter how much food you give it; your plant can’t absorb the nutrients from that food without the help of those hydrogen ions.
To further complicate matters, every plant, over dozens, hundreds, and even thousands of years, grew to match its native soil, which has a specific pH value. This is why it’s hard to grow blueberries in the desert, no matter how much you water them; the soil in the desert is naturally too “basic” to support the blueberry roots’ feeding habits.
Fortunately for the standard backyard gardener, most plants will thrive with a pH between 5.5 and 7.0. What does that mean? Well, the scale goes from 0 (more acidic than lemon juice or stomach acid) to 14 (more basic, or alkaline, than ammonia or agricultural lime). “Acid” is a pretty simple concept for the gardener to understand; we’ve all tasted what lemon juice is like. “Alkaline” is the opposite, but not in the sense of sour vs. sweet. It’s more about the availability of salts and carbonate rocks (such as limestone) in the soil. The dividing line is not quite in the center; soil is deemed acidic if its pH is 6.5 or less, and alkaline if it’s greater than 7.3.
Testing, 1, 2, 3
If you’re building a garden from scratch, it’s a good idea to find out what soil profile you’re starting with. Soils vary dramatically, across the U.S. and around the world. Generally speaking, regions with heavy rainfall and dense forests have moderately acidic soils, while prairie areas with light rainfall tend to have soils near neutral. The more dry zones and deserts tend to have alkaline soils.
The best way to find out about the pH value of your own soil is to have it tested, because you can’t use these generalities to assume what your soil will be like. There are many factors which can change your particular soil’s pH from that of the land around you. For example, fill dirt might have been brought in—from who knows where—when your house was built. Living in an area affected by acid rain will change the pH of your soil. Or the person from whom you bought your house might have been a master gardener and created different micro-habitats around your home for different types of plants.
Testing is easy and straightforward, and many states’ agricultural extension centers offer the service. Methods include testing kits based on a barium sulphate powder that changes color when mixed with soil and water, litmus paper that changes color when dipped in a sample of soil mixed with distilled water, or an electronic pH meter which is inserted into damp soil and measures the hydrogen ion concentration.
Amending what Nature has Provided
Once you know your pH, you can set about changing it as needed. If you’re growing the usual garden vegetables, a pH within the range of 6.0 and 7.0 should be fine. If you aspire to being a master gardener and want to micromanage your soil, or you intend to grow a large amount of a single crop, Encap’s pH app can help. Simply enter your fruit, vegetable, herb or flower name, and we’ll tell you the right pH for your soil.
Changing or “amending” the soil is not complicated. To increase the pH of acidic soil, add lime; to decrease pH, use sulfur. Encap provides both lime and sulfur amendments which can be applied in combination with fertilizer. These products go to work quickly, and have lasting results. Plus, they have the added benefit of including Encap’s Advanced Soil Technology, which improves the soil environment.
Once your soil has the right pH, you’re ready to start your garden with confidence. Your healthy, happy plants will be the envy of the neighborhood, just because you spent a little time with some “basic” chemistry.
For more information on soil pH, contact us today!
Subscribe to stress-free lawn & garden care.
Get the latest lawn & garden tips, product info and news sent straight to your inbox. | 2024-03-21T01:26:19.665474 | https://example.com/article/9822 |
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“Ready Player One” feels like a celebration of pop culture as whole. It has some really cool visuals and most of the references to movies and games are fun, but it also lacks a good core. The story and characters should have carried this movie through all the flashy scenes and references. In execution, the opposite ends up happening.
Director Steven Spielberg does a good job of showing the contrast between the dystopian real-world and the flashy, bright virtual world called the OASIS. The OASIS is basically an immersive virtual world where you can play games, go to school and even go to work. Most of the movie’s scenes take place in the OASIS and it looks great, for the most part. A lot of the video game characters that are shown look fine, but original player avatars look weird. They don’t look like actual game characters and they don’t look like real people so they end up feeling out of place in the OASIS.
The main crux of the movie is “Anorak’s Quest” which is a game inside the OASIS that was left behind by James Halliday, the creator of OASIS. Whoever completes the quest will have ownership of the entire virtual world. The challenges involved in completing the quests are the highlight of the movie. They contain the most impressive scenes full of special effects and nods to movies like “Back to the Future” and “Akira.”
The main character Wade Watts is average. He’s not a bad character and he’s not a good character. He’s there, he’s an underdog, he exists. The supporting characters that help him through the quest are more interesting, especially Art3mis. Wade’s backstory as an orphan living in the slums is generic but it does make you want to root for guy. The downside is that he doesn’t really go through an arc as a character.
Seeing all the different video game characters interact with each other is fun and surreal. Cameos from these characters don’t add a lot to plot, but each one is good for a cheap pop of laughter and moments of “oh look it’s blank from blank, that’s pretty cool.”
“Ready Player One” is more flash than substance, but the flash is interesting and fun enough to make the movie watchable. I’d say that anyone who watches this would have to understand most of the references in order to get the most of out of their viewing. It’s entertaining on a basic level, but not much past that. | 2023-09-20T01:26:19.665474 | https://example.com/article/1870 |
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Mercedes Benz Offers Compelling Incentives to Customers
by: YOUNG MONEY Staff
Luxury automaker Mercedes-Benz is offering people classified as "VIP customers" with discounts of as much as $5,000 per vehicle, and is offering to let its clients forego more monthly payments than the amount offered by rival carmaker BMW.
Mercedes Incentives
An October 2 memo sent to dealers of the Mercedes vehicles revealed that the company has started a 2012 program that includes potential customers' special lease agreements and cash offers, according to Bloomberg. The carmaker also wrote an email to dealers on October 5 announcing a promotion that permits certain owners of the vehicles to skip up to five payments.
For the first nine months of the year, Mercedes has sold 5,221 more vehicles in the United States than rival BMW, the media outlet reports. The carmaker is suffering from headwinds in various foreign markets, with September sales in China dropping for the first time in eight months and Germany starting to suffer from the lackluster demand experienced by many other nations in Europe. These ailing economies are putting downward pressure on both BMW and Daimler, which owns Mercedes.
"It isn’t just about being No. 1,"Greg Goodwin, chief executive officer of Vancouver, Washington-based Kuni Automotive, which operates 14 dealerships, including those that sell BMW vehicles, told the news source. "What BMW and Mercedes also are dealing with is global competition and the ebbs and flows of global demand."
German Deals
Mercedes recently began offering incentives on vehicles sold in Germany, such as a 3,000-euro trade in incentive for its vehicles, according to Bloomberg News. Data provided by trade publication Autohaus PulsSchlag revealed that in the discount levels offered for new vehicles in Germany rose to an average of 12.2 percent in September, which was the highest level since 2010.
Seeing as how car sales in the European nation have fallen 11 percent in September, these incentives are not having the desired effect, the media outlet reports. Since Germany contributes more to regional auto sales than any other nation, this drop may result in European sales of these vehicles dropping to their lowest level since 1993.
"There’s no point buying a new car at the moment," Frankfurt nurse Jiri Macan, who had recently bought a used VW Golf, told the news source. "A used car keeps its value much better." | 2024-01-02T01:26:19.665474 | https://example.com/article/2030 |
Endotracheal Intubation for Traumatic Cardiac Arrest by an Australian Air Medical Service.
Traumatic cardiac arrest (TCA) has been associated with poor outcome, but there are survivors with good neurological outcome. Treatment of hypoxia plays a key part in resuscitation algorithms, but little evidence exists on the ideal method of airway management in TCA. LifeFlight Retrieval Medicine is an aeromedical retrieval service based in Queensland, Australia. Data regarding all intubations performed over a 28-month period were accessed from an electronic airway registry. 13/22 TCA patients were male, age range 2-81 years. 7/22 (31.8%) survived to hospital admission. During the same period 271 patients were intubated due to trauma, but were not in cardiac arrest (N-TCA). There was no difference in the likelihood of difficult laryngoscopy in the TCA group (16/22 (72.7%) compared to N-TCA (215/271 (79.3%); p = 0.46). The first attempt success rate was similar in TCA group (19/22 (86.4%)) and N-TCA (241/271 (88.9%) p = 0.71.). TCA patients were more likely to be intubated while lying on the ground than the N-TCA group (11/22 (50%) versus 17/271 (6.3%) p = <0.001). Resuscitation for predominantly blunt TCA is not futile. The endotracheal intubation first attempt success rate for TCA is comparable to that of N-TCA trauma patients. | 2024-05-27T01:26:19.665474 | https://example.com/article/9604 |
/*
* Copyright 2018 The Android Open Source Project
*
* Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
* you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
* You may obtain a copy of the License at
*
* http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
*
* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
* distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
* See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
* limitations under the License.
*/
package androidx.media2.test.client.tests;
import static androidx.media2.session.LibraryResult.RESULT_ERROR_BAD_VALUE;
import static androidx.media2.session.LibraryResult.RESULT_SUCCESS;
import static androidx.media2.test.common.CommonConstants.MOCK_MEDIA2_LIBRARY_SERVICE;
import static androidx.media2.test.common.MediaBrowserConstants.CUSTOM_ACTION_ASSERT_PARAMS;
import static androidx.media2.test.common.MediaBrowserConstants.LONG_LIST_COUNT;
import static androidx.media2.test.common.MediaBrowserConstants.NOTIFY_CHILDREN_CHANGED_EXTRAS;
import static androidx.media2.test.common.MediaBrowserConstants.NOTIFY_CHILDREN_CHANGED_ITEM_COUNT;
import static androidx.media2.test.common.MediaBrowserConstants.ROOT_EXTRAS;
import static androidx.media2.test.common.MediaBrowserConstants.ROOT_ID;
import static androidx.media2.test.common.MediaBrowserConstants.SUBSCRIBE_ID_NOTIFY_CHILDREN_CHANGED_TO_ALL;
import static androidx.media2.test.common.MediaBrowserConstants.SUBSCRIBE_ID_NOTIFY_CHILDREN_CHANGED_TO_ALL_WITH_NON_SUBSCRIBED_ID;
import static androidx.media2.test.common.MediaBrowserConstants.SUBSCRIBE_ID_NOTIFY_CHILDREN_CHANGED_TO_ONE;
import static androidx.media2.test.common.MediaBrowserConstants.SUBSCRIBE_ID_NOTIFY_CHILDREN_CHANGED_TO_ONE_WITH_NON_SUBSCRIBED_ID;
import static junit.framework.Assert.assertEquals;
import static junit.framework.Assert.assertFalse;
import static junit.framework.Assert.assertNotNull;
import static junit.framework.Assert.assertNull;
import static junit.framework.Assert.assertTrue;
import static junit.framework.Assert.fail;
import static org.junit.Assert.assertNotEquals;
import android.os.Build;
import android.os.Bundle;
import androidx.annotation.NonNull;
import androidx.annotation.Nullable;
import androidx.media2.common.MediaItem;
import androidx.media2.common.MediaMetadata;
import androidx.media2.session.LibraryResult;
import androidx.media2.session.MediaBrowser;
import androidx.media2.session.MediaBrowser.BrowserCallback;
import androidx.media2.session.MediaController;
import androidx.media2.session.MediaLibraryService.LibraryParams;
import androidx.media2.session.SessionCommand;
import androidx.media2.session.SessionResult;
import androidx.media2.session.SessionToken;
import androidx.media2.test.client.MediaTestUtils;
import androidx.media2.test.common.MediaBrowserConstants;
import androidx.media2.test.common.TestUtils;
import androidx.test.ext.junit.runners.AndroidJUnit4;
import androidx.test.filters.LargeTest;
import androidx.test.filters.SdkSuppress;
import androidx.versionedparcelable.ParcelUtils;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.concurrent.CountDownLatch;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeoutException;
import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicReference;
/**
* Tests {@link MediaBrowser.BrowserCallback}.
* <p>
* This test inherits {@link MediaControllerCallbackTest} to ensure that inherited APIs from
* {@link MediaController} works cleanly.
*/
// TODO: (internal cleanup) Move tests that aren't related with callbacks.
@SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = Build.VERSION_CODES.JELLY_BEAN)
@RunWith(AndroidJUnit4.class)
@LargeTest
public class MediaBrowserCallbackTest extends MediaControllerCallbackTest {
private static final String TAG = "MediaBrowserCallbackTest";
@Override
MediaController onCreateController(@NonNull final SessionToken token,
@Nullable final Bundle connectionHints, @Nullable final TestBrowserCallback callback)
throws InterruptedException {
assertNotNull("Test bug", token);
final AtomicReference<MediaController> controller = new AtomicReference<>();
sHandler.postAndSync(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
// Create controller on the test handler, for changing MediaBrowserCompat's Handler
// Looper. Otherwise, MediaBrowserCompat will post all the commands to the handler
// and commands wouldn't be run if tests codes waits on the test handler.
MediaBrowser.Builder builder = new MediaBrowser.Builder(mContext)
.setSessionToken(token)
.setControllerCallback(sHandlerExecutor, callback);
if (connectionHints != null) {
builder.setConnectionHints(connectionHints);
}
controller.set(builder.build());
}
});
return controller.get();
}
final MediaBrowser createBrowser() throws InterruptedException {
return createBrowser(null, null);
}
final MediaBrowser createBrowser(@Nullable Bundle connectionHints,
@Nullable BrowserCallback callback) throws InterruptedException {
final SessionToken token = new SessionToken(mContext, MOCK_MEDIA2_LIBRARY_SERVICE);
return (MediaBrowser) createController(token, true, connectionHints, callback);
}
@Test
public void testGetLibraryRoot() throws Exception {
prepareLooper();
final LibraryParams params = new LibraryParams.Builder()
.setOffline(true).setRecent(true).setExtras(new Bundle()).build();
MediaBrowser browser = createBrowser();
setExpectedLibraryParam(browser, params);
LibraryResult result = browser.getLibraryRoot(params)
.get(TIMEOUT_MS, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS);
assertEquals(RESULT_SUCCESS, result.getResultCode());
MediaMetadata metadata = result.getMediaItem().getMetadata();
assertEquals(ROOT_ID, metadata.getString(MediaMetadata.METADATA_KEY_MEDIA_ID));
assertTrue(TestUtils.equals(ROOT_EXTRAS, result.getLibraryParams().getExtras()));
}
@Test
public void testGetItem() throws Exception {
prepareLooper();
final String mediaId = MediaBrowserConstants.MEDIA_ID_GET_ITEM;
LibraryResult result = createBrowser().getItem(mediaId)
.get(TIMEOUT_MS, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS);
assertEquals(RESULT_SUCCESS, result.getResultCode());
MediaTestUtils.assertMediaItemHasId(result.getMediaItem(), mediaId);
}
@Test
public void testGetItem_unknownId() throws Exception {
prepareLooper();
final String mediaId = "random_media_id";
LibraryResult result = createBrowser().getItem(mediaId)
.get(TIMEOUT_MS, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS);
assertEquals(RESULT_ERROR_BAD_VALUE, result.getResultCode());
assertNull(result.getMediaItem());
}
@Test
public void testGetItem_nullResult() throws Exception {
prepareLooper();
final String mediaId = MediaBrowserConstants.MEDIA_ID_GET_NULL_ITEM;
// Exception will be thrown in the service side, and the process will be crashed.
// In that case one of following will happen
// Case 1) Process is crashed. Pending ListenableFuture will get error
// Case 2) Due to the frequent crashes with other tests, process may not crash immediately
// because the Android shows dialog 'xxx keeps stopping' and defer sending
// SIG_KILL until the user's explicit action.
try {
LibraryResult result = createBrowser().getItem(mediaId)
.get(TIMEOUT_MS, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS);
// Case 1.
assertNotEquals(RESULT_SUCCESS, result.getResultCode());
} catch (TimeoutException e) {
// Case 2.
}
}
@Test
public void testGetItem_invalidResult() throws Exception {
prepareLooper();
final String mediaId = MediaBrowserConstants.MEDIA_ID_GET_INVALID_ITEM;
// Exception will be thrown in the service side, and the process will be crashed.
// In that case one of following will happen
// Case 1) Process is crashed. Pending ListenableFuture will get error
// Case 2) Due to the frequent crashes with other tests, process may not crash immediately
// because the Android shows dialog 'xxx keeps stopping' and defer sending
// SIG_KILL until the user's explicit action.
try {
LibraryResult result = createBrowser().getItem(mediaId)
.get(TIMEOUT_MS, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS);
// Case 1.
assertNotEquals(RESULT_SUCCESS, result.getResultCode());
} catch (TimeoutException e) {
// Case 2.
}
}
@Test
public void testGetChildren() throws Exception {
prepareLooper();
final String parentId = MediaBrowserConstants.PARENT_ID;
final int page = 4;
final int pageSize = 10;
final LibraryParams params = MediaTestUtils.createLibraryParams();
MediaBrowser browser = createBrowser();
setExpectedLibraryParam(browser, params);
LibraryResult result = browser.getChildren(parentId, page, pageSize, params)
.get(TIMEOUT_MS, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS);
assertEquals(RESULT_SUCCESS, result.getResultCode());
assertNull(result.getLibraryParams());
MediaTestUtils.assertPaginatedListHasIds(
result.getMediaItems(), MediaBrowserConstants.GET_CHILDREN_RESULT,
page, pageSize);
}
@Test
@LargeTest
public void testGetChildren_withLongList() throws Exception {
prepareLooper();
final String parentId = MediaBrowserConstants.PARENT_ID_LONG_LIST;
final int page = 0;
final int pageSize = Integer.MAX_VALUE;
final LibraryParams params = MediaTestUtils.createLibraryParams();
MediaBrowser browser = createBrowser();
setExpectedLibraryParam(browser, params);
LibraryResult result = browser.getChildren(parentId, page, pageSize, params)
.get(10, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
assertEquals(RESULT_SUCCESS, result.getResultCode());
assertNull(result.getLibraryParams());
List<MediaItem> list = result.getMediaItems();
assertEquals(LONG_LIST_COUNT, list.size());
for (int i = 0; i < result.getMediaItems().size(); i++) {
assertEquals(TestUtils.getMediaIdInDummyList(i), list.get(i).getMediaId());
}
}
@Test
public void testGetChildren_emptyResult() throws Exception {
prepareLooper();
final String parentId = MediaBrowserConstants.PARENT_ID_NO_CHILDREN;
MediaBrowser browser = createBrowser();
LibraryResult result = browser.getChildren(parentId, 1, 1, null)
.get(TIMEOUT_MS, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS);
assertEquals(RESULT_SUCCESS, result.getResultCode());
assertEquals(0, result.getMediaItems().size());
}
@Test
public void testGetChildren_nullResult() throws Exception {
prepareLooper();
final String parentId = MediaBrowserConstants.PARENT_ID_ERROR;
MediaBrowser browser = createBrowser();
LibraryResult result = browser.getChildren(parentId, 1, 1, null)
.get(TIMEOUT_MS, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS);
assertNotEquals(RESULT_SUCCESS, result.getResultCode());
assertNull(result.getMediaItems());
}
@Test
public void testSearchCallbacks() throws Exception {
prepareLooper();
final String query = MediaBrowserConstants.SEARCH_QUERY;
final int page = 4;
final int pageSize = 10;
final LibraryParams testParams = MediaTestUtils.createLibraryParams();
final CountDownLatch latchForSearch = new CountDownLatch(1);
final BrowserCallback callback = new BrowserCallback() {
@Override
public void onSearchResultChanged(MediaBrowser browser,
String queryOut, int itemCount, LibraryParams params) {
assertEquals(query, queryOut);
MediaTestUtils.assertLibraryParamsEquals(testParams, params);
assertEquals(MediaBrowserConstants.SEARCH_RESULT_COUNT, itemCount);
latchForSearch.countDown();
}
};
// Request the search.
MediaBrowser browser = createBrowser(null, callback);
setExpectedLibraryParam(browser, testParams);
LibraryResult result = browser.search(query, testParams)
.get(TIMEOUT_MS, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS);
assertEquals(RESULT_SUCCESS, result.getResultCode());
// Get the search result.
result = browser.getSearchResult(query, page, pageSize, testParams)
.get(TIMEOUT_MS, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS);
assertEquals(RESULT_SUCCESS, result.getResultCode());
MediaTestUtils.assertPaginatedListHasIds(result.getMediaItems(),
MediaBrowserConstants.SEARCH_RESULT, page, pageSize);
}
@Test
@LargeTest
public void testSearchCallbacks_withLongList() throws Exception {
prepareLooper();
final String query = MediaBrowserConstants.SEARCH_QUERY_LONG_LIST;
final int page = 0;
final int pageSize = Integer.MAX_VALUE;
final LibraryParams testParams = MediaTestUtils.createLibraryParams();
final CountDownLatch latch = new CountDownLatch(1);
final BrowserCallback callback = new BrowserCallback() {
@Override
public void onSearchResultChanged(
MediaBrowser browser, String queryOut, int itemCount, LibraryParams params) {
assertEquals(query, queryOut);
MediaTestUtils.assertLibraryParamsEquals(testParams, params);
assertEquals(MediaBrowserConstants.LONG_LIST_COUNT, itemCount);
latch.countDown();
}
};
MediaBrowser browser = createBrowser(null, callback);
setExpectedLibraryParam(browser, testParams);
LibraryResult result = browser.search(query, testParams)
.get(TIMEOUT_MS, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS);
assertEquals(RESULT_SUCCESS, result.getResultCode());
result = browser.getSearchResult(query, page, pageSize, testParams)
.get(10, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
assertEquals(RESULT_SUCCESS, result.getResultCode());
List<MediaItem> list = result.getMediaItems();
for (int i = 0; i < list.size(); i++) {
assertEquals(TestUtils.getMediaIdInDummyList(i), list.get(i).getMediaId());
}
}
@Test
@LargeTest
public void testOnSearchResultChanged_searchTakesTime() throws Exception {
prepareLooper();
final String query = MediaBrowserConstants.SEARCH_QUERY_TAKES_TIME;
final LibraryParams testParams = MediaTestUtils.createLibraryParams();
final CountDownLatch latch = new CountDownLatch(1);
final BrowserCallback callback = new BrowserCallback() {
@Override
public void onSearchResultChanged(
MediaBrowser browser, String queryOut, int itemCount, LibraryParams params) {
assertEquals(query, queryOut);
MediaTestUtils.assertLibraryParamsEquals(testParams, params);
assertEquals(MediaBrowserConstants.SEARCH_RESULT_COUNT, itemCount);
latch.countDown();
}
};
MediaBrowser browser = createBrowser(null, callback);
setExpectedLibraryParam(browser, testParams);
LibraryResult result = browser.search(query, testParams)
.get(MediaBrowserConstants.SEARCH_TIME_IN_MS + TIMEOUT_MS,
TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS);
assertEquals(RESULT_SUCCESS, result.getResultCode());
}
@Test
public void testOnSearchResultChanged_emptyResult() throws Exception {
prepareLooper();
final String query = MediaBrowserConstants.SEARCH_QUERY_EMPTY_RESULT;
final LibraryParams testParams = MediaTestUtils.createLibraryParams();
final CountDownLatch latch = new CountDownLatch(1);
final BrowserCallback callback = new BrowserCallback() {
@Override
public void onSearchResultChanged(
MediaBrowser browser, String queryOut, int itemCount, LibraryParams params) {
assertEquals(query, queryOut);
MediaTestUtils.assertLibraryParamsEquals(testParams, params);
assertEquals(0, itemCount);
latch.countDown();
}
};
MediaBrowser browser = createBrowser(null, callback);
setExpectedLibraryParam(browser, testParams);
LibraryResult result = browser.search(query, testParams)
.get(TIMEOUT_MS, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS);
assertEquals(RESULT_SUCCESS, result.getResultCode());
}
@Test
public void testOnChildrenChanged_calledWhenSubscribed() throws Exception {
// This test uses MediaLibrarySession.notifyChildrenChanged().
prepareLooper();
final String expectedParentId = SUBSCRIBE_ID_NOTIFY_CHILDREN_CHANGED_TO_ALL;
final CountDownLatch latch = new CountDownLatch(1);
final BrowserCallback controllerCallbackProxy = new BrowserCallback() {
@Override
public void onChildrenChanged(MediaBrowser browser, String parentId,
int itemCount, LibraryParams params) {
assertEquals(expectedParentId, parentId);
assertEquals(NOTIFY_CHILDREN_CHANGED_ITEM_COUNT, itemCount);
MediaTestUtils.assertLibraryParamsEquals(params, NOTIFY_CHILDREN_CHANGED_EXTRAS);
latch.countDown();
}
};
LibraryResult result = createBrowser(null, controllerCallbackProxy)
.subscribe(expectedParentId, null)
.get(TIMEOUT_MS, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS);
assertEquals(RESULT_SUCCESS, result.getResultCode());
// The MediaLibrarySession in MockMediaLibraryService is supposed to call
// notifyChildrenChanged() in its callback onSubscribe().
assertTrue(latch.await(TIMEOUT_MS, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS));
}
@Test
public void testOnChildrenChanged_calledWhenSubscribed2() throws Exception {
// This test uses MediaLibrarySession.notifyChildrenChanged(ControllerInfo).
prepareLooper();
final String expectedParentId = SUBSCRIBE_ID_NOTIFY_CHILDREN_CHANGED_TO_ONE;
final CountDownLatch latch = new CountDownLatch(1);
final BrowserCallback controllerCallbackProxy = new BrowserCallback() {
@Override
public void onChildrenChanged(MediaBrowser browser, String parentId,
int itemCount, LibraryParams params) {
assertEquals(expectedParentId, parentId);
assertEquals(NOTIFY_CHILDREN_CHANGED_ITEM_COUNT, itemCount);
MediaTestUtils.assertLibraryParamsEquals(params, NOTIFY_CHILDREN_CHANGED_EXTRAS);
latch.countDown();
}
};
LibraryResult result = createBrowser(null, controllerCallbackProxy)
.subscribe(expectedParentId, null)
.get(TIMEOUT_MS, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS);
assertEquals(RESULT_SUCCESS, result.getResultCode());
// The MediaLibrarySession in MockMediaLibraryService is supposed to call
// notifyChildrenChanged(ControllerInfo) in its callback onSubscribe().
assertTrue(latch.await(TIMEOUT_MS, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS));
}
@Test
public void testOnChildrenChanged_notCalledWhenNotSubscribed() throws Exception {
// This test uses MediaLibrarySession.notifyChildrenChanged().
prepareLooper();
final String subscribedMediaId =
SUBSCRIBE_ID_NOTIFY_CHILDREN_CHANGED_TO_ALL_WITH_NON_SUBSCRIBED_ID;
final CountDownLatch latch = new CountDownLatch(1);
final BrowserCallback controllerCallbackProxy = new BrowserCallback() {
@Override
public void onChildrenChanged(MediaBrowser browser, String parentId,
int itemCount, LibraryParams params) {
// Unexpected call.
fail();
latch.countDown();
}
};
LibraryResult result = createBrowser(null, controllerCallbackProxy)
.subscribe(subscribedMediaId, null)
.get(TIMEOUT_MS, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS);
assertEquals(RESULT_SUCCESS, result.getResultCode());
// The MediaLibrarySession in MockMediaLibraryService is supposed to call
// notifyChildrenChanged() in its callback onSubscribe(), but with a different media ID.
// Therefore, onChildrenChanged() should not be called.
assertFalse(latch.await(TIMEOUT_MS, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS));
}
@Test
public void testOnChildrenChanged_notCalledWhenNotSubscribed2() throws Exception {
// This test uses MediaLibrarySession.notifyChildrenChanged(ControllerInfo).
prepareLooper();
final String subscribedMediaId =
SUBSCRIBE_ID_NOTIFY_CHILDREN_CHANGED_TO_ONE_WITH_NON_SUBSCRIBED_ID;
final CountDownLatch latch = new CountDownLatch(1);
final BrowserCallback controllerCallbackProxy = new BrowserCallback() {
@Override
public void onChildrenChanged(MediaBrowser browser, String parentId,
int itemCount, LibraryParams params) {
// Unexpected call.
fail();
latch.countDown();
}
};
LibraryResult result = createBrowser(null, controllerCallbackProxy)
.subscribe(subscribedMediaId, null)
.get(TIMEOUT_MS, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS);
assertEquals(RESULT_SUCCESS, result.getResultCode());
// The MediaLibrarySession in MockMediaLibraryService is supposed to call
// notifyChildrenChanged(ControllerInfo) in its callback onSubscribe(),
// but with a different media ID.
// Therefore, onChildrenChanged() should not be called.
assertFalse(latch.await(TIMEOUT_MS, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS));
}
private void setExpectedLibraryParam(MediaBrowser browser, LibraryParams params)
throws Exception {
SessionCommand command = new SessionCommand(CUSTOM_ACTION_ASSERT_PARAMS, null);
Bundle args = new Bundle();
ParcelUtils.putVersionedParcelable(args, CUSTOM_ACTION_ASSERT_PARAMS, params);
SessionResult result = browser.sendCustomCommand(command, args)
.get(TIMEOUT_MS, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS);
assertEquals(SessionResult.RESULT_SUCCESS, result.getResultCode());
}
}
| 2024-05-29T01:26:19.665474 | https://example.com/article/7253 |
Kids Baselayer By Type
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Features Include:
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Read More | 2023-12-28T01:26:19.665474 | https://example.com/article/9708 |
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Our guests Isabel Hilton and James Rodgers try to explain Sri Lanka’s latest political stalemate, as well as discussing the next Brexit scandal and Ukraine’s attempt to distance itself from the Russian Orthodox Church. Plus… | 2024-01-19T01:26:19.665474 | https://example.com/article/5023 |
Coach's Notebook: Dec. 31
Coach Jim Harbaugh addressed the media on Monday following his team's 27-13 Week 17 win vs. Arizona which helped the 49ers earn the No. 2 seed in the NFC playoffs.
What’s on the itinerary for this week for the players and the coaches?“Players, I’d like them to rest their minds, rest their bodies. They’ll have today, tomorrow and Wednesday. I just ask them and suggest, almost insist, that they just stay close here to Santa Clara and rest the mind, rest the body. Make the body feel better. A lot of guys are in here doing that today, getting treatment and lifting. They’ll come back on Thursday and Friday. Get work in. Coaches will be working today, tomorrow, Wednesday, Thursday, Friday, Saturday, Sunday and next Monday.”
Same schedule as last year, similar scenario?“Yeah, pretty similar. Similar.”
Do you guys compile three different plans of attack basically these next few days?“Yeah, yeah. Two of the teams we’ve played. One team we could possibly play that we haven’t played.”
Are you preparing more for the Redskins because you haven’t faced Redskins QB Robert Griffin III and RB Alfred Morris and you have faced the other two teams, the Seahawks and the Packers this season?“Yeah, I think we need to prepare equally. But, they’re the ones we haven’t seen yet. We have to run more computer data on them that we already have on some of the other teams. So, not making any predictions on who we’re going to see, or that kind of thing. But, we’ll get prepared for all the teams across the board. But, yeah we’re going to have to run more data and log some more time on Washington. I think it just makes sense.”
They have I think one of the four quarterbacks in the NFC playoffs haven’t played in a playoff game before. Only Packers QB Aaron Rodgers and Falcons QB Matt Ryan have. How does the dynamic of the quarterback position change in the playoffs, especially for a young one who hasn’t played in the playoffs before?“I can’t quantify that for you.”
The bigger stage, shouldn’t affect them at all. Is that what you’re saying?“I think that’s more of an individual thing. And most of these guys that are playing this position are accustomed and feel right at home on the big stage. All the ones you’re referring to there I think are that type of guy.”
By him playing in New Orleans and New England and Seattle, do you feel he’s battle tested and ready to go here in the playoffs?“Yes. One of the things that stood out about Colin from the very start was the poise beyond his years. That he was able to handle many and all those situations like a guy who looks like he’s been playing that position for a long time. And you could say the same for the other quarterbacks as well.”
Have you factored into the possibility that some of your coaches might not be able to work all seven days? That they might get an interview with all the head coaching vacancies out there right now?“Yeah, that’s a possibility.”
Have you received requests yet to talk to any of your assistants?“I don’t think we say whether we do or don’t. So, won’t say one way or the other. But, definitely we’ve got some guys who would be great choices. I’ve always thought that.”
Specifically the three coordinators, what makes you say that? That those guys are ready for that?“Well, if I just said they just are, that probably wouldn’t suffice? ‘The I’m just telling you’ argument. No, their body of work really speaks for itself I believe in all three of those cases, and their body of work here and elsewhere. I’m talking about three talented coaches, professionals, teachers.”
But when you talk about body of work for your offensive coordinator, I could be wrong, but my impression is he only designs the running plays. So, there would be some gaps in his body of work. Is that so?“I don’t think so, no. I’m not going to argue with you though.”
I’m not arguing. I’m asking a question. I’d like clarification. Some of your players have said that he only designs really the running plays. So, if that’s the case, it seems to be that there may be some gaps. I’m not arguing, asking.“OK, well. I answered. I said I don’t think there are any gaps.”
Do all three coordinators want to become head coaches, do you know?“Yeah, they do. I’ve always tried to hire coaches that had that ambition. I like guys like that. That have those ambitions, those hopes, those dreams.”
What is the team’s plan for RB Brandon Jacobs? I think the original suspension was three games. That’s over. Will he be rejoining the team for the playoffs?“No, he will not.”
So, what officially does the team do? Just outright release him?“Yes.”
When will that happen?“I believe later today.”
Your kicking game, what’s your evaluation of K David Akers’ status as of today?“He’s still our kicker and we’ll evaluate what we think is the best plan for moving forward in our next game.”
Will you bring some kickers in this week?“Yeah, we’ll probably bring a few in and have some tryouts and some competition.”
Is that a decision you want to make quickly just to get that guy in and accustomed to your holder and your snapper?“Well, we want to make the right decision. David’s certainly in it. He’s done a lot of great things for us. He’s made a lot of great kicks, a lot of big kicks. And he knows it, we know it, those kicks in the games, you’ve got to make those kicks. There will always be a level of competition around at any position to find who gives you the best chance to win the next game. Knowing the competitor that Dave is, I don’t think he’ll have a problem with that.”
You’ve been very supportive of Akers throughout the year. Have you been surprised that he just hasn’t been able to kind of snap out of it?“Kickers go through at times slumps. You’ve seen that and they’ll go through it and maybe come out of it quickly. Sometimes it lingers a little bit. But, have I been surprised that he hasn’t made those kicks? Yeah, we understand that’s the job of the kicker, put it through the uprights. But, understand the difficult nature of the job as well.”
Will he be involved in the competition? Are you allowed to have him out there to compete against these guys that you bring in?“No.”
So, what can he do to keep that job right now?“Well, if we had two on the roster at the same time, then they can kick in practice. And that’s an option. That’s a possibility. I think there are three options. We go forward with David. We bring in a new kicker. Or, we have two and let them compete for the job. We’ll make that decision as we go.”
Just for clarification, if you allow your coordinators to interview for a head coaching position what’s the last day they do that in the BYE week?“I don’t know that.”
Is there a date you’d like them to be done by so then the focus is here?“Yeah, I’d like them here on Thursday and Friday for the practices.”
Will your players be off Saturday and Sunday as well?“Yes.”
Come back Monday?“Correct.”
What’s your relationship with director of player personnel Tom Gamble? How does what he does interface with what the coaching staff does?“All year long we interface with the scouting department, with Tom, with [general manager] Trent [Baalke]. Offseason evaluations for the draft and free agents. During the season, evaluations on someone that might improve our football team at a position, or somebody that might be able to run down and cover a punt better than somebody that we have. Or, fill the need on kickoff coverage. So, you’re always looking and seeing what’s available.”
What are your thoughts, how much of an impact that week for the BYE makes, specifically on how it relates to Justin Smith?“My thoughts are that you watch the strength and how that comes back and if he can play, do his job, defend himself and be effective. He’s made progress each week. Significant progress, so hopeful would be my thought.”
Will that ultimately be his call if he feels like he’s ready?“Yeah, nobody knows their body like the player himself, but also the doctors.”
How did DT Ricky Jean Francois do in this last game?“He did a good job. Ricky did a good job. He’s done a nice job filling in. He’s always been a solid player for us. [DT] Ray [McDonald] had a good game as well. [CB Tarell Brown] T. Brown, I like to talk about guys that suck it up. He was ill on Sunday - fever, the sickness, the flu, the whole works and played through it, had a couple of pass breakups and an interception. Stepped up for us, that was impressive.”
Last year at this time there were only a handful of guys on the roster that had playoff experience. Now you have almost every starter has playoff experience on your team. How do you expect that to translate into this playoff run? It seemed yesterday talking to some of the guys, they were really eager to make amends for how last season ended.“I think we talked about this last year. ‘What’s the effect of nobody being in the playoffs? How does that affect you?’ I don’t know for sure. I don’t know the exact percentage or that anybody does. Now we go into the playoffs where a great majority of the team has been to the playoffs. Again, I don’t have the ‘how much.’ I guess you’re looking for a quantity or a percentage, that I don’t know.”
Do you get the same sense from the guys that from that experience last season, is carrying over into their motivation for this playoff run?“Yeah, I think there is a possibility of that. I think there is an experience that’s good. Our guys have played in a lot of big games, just this season against a lot of good teams, a lot of important games, a lot of laying it on the line, every single week. And they acquitted themselves very well. No other team I’d rather be going into the playoffs with than our team, our group of guys and coaches. So, excited as heck to get it started. I hope the fellas, hope the players feel the exact same way. And I hope they rest, I hope they rest their minds, rest their bodies these next couple of days. I think that will be real important. The celebration will be after the Super Bowl, not New Year’s Eve, that’s when we need to celebrate. So I hope guys are smart, I hope they’re tame tonight. I hope that happens, tried to ask that, encourage it, almost insist it, but you can’t make people do things. But if you players are listening, be tame, be tame, let’s rest. I think we need it. I think just watching our team the last couple of games, we need the rest and it’d be good for us. Hopefully we take advantage of it.”
Do get a sense from guys like LB Patrick Willis when you say stuff like that, do you hear him kind of echoing what you say in the meetings?“We have great leadership on our team. Talked to our team yesterday about that after the game, just to congratulate the players, the leaders of our team that do do that. That have the message and live the message too, not just say it and do something different. But all those kind of guys, Patrick Willis, Justin Smith, [QB] Alex Smith, [RB] Frank Gore, [T] Joe Staley, [S] Dashon Goldson, [S] Donte Whitner. I could really go on and on here for quite a while. Those guys have driven this. To be back-to-back division champs, worthy champions of arguably the best division in football again this year, I think is quite an accomplishment. And congratulate those players that have led the way and continually done the right things. Now it’s a new focus, a three-game focus to get our ultimate goal.”
Where is WR A.J. Jenkins in his development? Do you think he could contribute in the playoffs?“Yes. Do I think he can? Yes. Will we need him to? Yes. We need him to step up and we definitely think he’s capable of doing that.”
The way you’ve used your running backs this year, is Frank a lot fresher this time of year than he was at the end of December a year ago? Do you see that in him?“I hate the word fresh, I think strong. How about strong, can we go with strong? I think he is stronger than he was at this time last year. I know his legs were tired the Seattle week. I think he felt a lot better this week. I think our whole team could use some rest, mind and body.”
You mentioned Jenkins stepping up, but obviously WR Michael Crabtree has really dominated the targets and been Kaepernick’s main guy. Do you need someone else to kind of step up alongside him to take some pressure off Crabtree?“I think we have that. I think we have guys - [WR] Randy Moss, [TE] Delanie Walker, [TE] Vernon Davis, Frank Gore, just to name a few. Now, A.J. Jenkins, capable? Yes. Step up? Yes. I definitely think he can do that. [RB] LaMichael [James], same situation, and he’s been doing a nice job in that regard.” | 2023-08-19T01:26:19.665474 | https://example.com/article/4781 |
Magnesium, zinc, copper, manganese, and selenium levels in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis. Can magnesium play a key role in osteoporosis?
There has been a resurgence of interest in studies concerning the role of elements in the development and maintenance of the skeleton. The aim of the study was to assess the plasma and red blood concentrations of some elements in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis. Seventy-seven postmenopausal women with osteoporosis aged 61 years (median interquartile range, 7.5; range, 46 to 74) and 61 age- and BMI-matched healthy postmenopausal women aged 60 years (median interquartile range, 8.0; range, 44 to 76) were included in the study. Element concentrations in plasma and red blood cells including magnesium (Mg), zinc, copper, manganese, and selenium were measured by atomic absorption spectrophotometry in both postmenopausal women with osteoporosis and healthy postmenopausal women. Only statistically significant difference between the osteoporotic (51.51 [15.40] microg/mL) and healthy subjects (54.54 [15.42] microg/mL) was observed in red blood cell (RBC) magnesium concentration (Z=-2.07, P=0.039). However, no significant difference was found between patient and control groups, both in plasma and in red blood concentrations, for zinc, copper, manganese, and selenium. Mg levels in red blood cells are significantly lower in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis. It is concluded that Mg transport mechanism(s) into the cell could be affected in patients with osteoporosis. | 2024-04-28T01:26:19.665474 | https://example.com/article/8129 |
Table variable for large tables (vs temporary tables)
The main reason why Microsoft introduced table variable in SQL Server 2000 is to reduce stored procedure recompilations (a recompilation occurs when the stored procedure execution plan is recreated). Table variables also have a well defined scope (the current procedure or function) and they induce less logging and locking (because their transaction last for a single SQL statement). These are great advantages when dealing with short simplier OLTP-style queries and processes.
However, there are huge drawbacks of using table variables when you process a lot of rows. For a large table, using a table variable is very often a bad practice…
Statistics
First, they do not have any statistics (statistics are used by the query optimizer to produce the most efficient query plan based on data distribution). The following example demonstrates that the query optimizer has no clue about how many rows a table variable has when building the query plan:
The optimizer do not recompile queries that use table variables. In our example, although SQL Server performs a clustered index scan, it assumes the index has only one row because the engine does not have access to the table variable/clustered index statistics. Of course, such an assumption can make a huge impact on performance when a suboptimal query plan is used on a large table. A workaround is to use the OPTION (RECOMPILE) hint.
Indexes
You can’t add indexes to a table variable. Creating specific indexes obviously helps to improve query performance. The workaround is to specify constraints when declaring the table. Specifying a PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED will create a clustered index and specifying a UNIQUE column will create a nonclustered index. However, you won’t always have the necessary flexibility of the indexes. For example, it won’t be possible to create non unique clustered indexes or nonclustered index with included columns.
Parallel plans
When executing INSERTs, UPDATEs or DELETEs on a table variable, the SQL Server storage engine never generate a parallel execution plan. This is a huge handicap and affects heavily the query performance when playing with large datasets.
But knowing these limits, a table variable could also be a good candidate for huge table. For some processing, only a clustered index is required, and the nature of processing make index seek attractive and more efficient than other access method.
The real problem is to be able to see if these limitations are going to be a problem in the type of processing you are doing with your huge table. So it is right to point out that in some case this could be troublesome with huge table, but the size of the table is not really the problem.
I guess we can’t expect bad practices or best practices to provide optimal results 100% of the time. I agree that sometimes table variable may perform slightly better than temporary tables for large tables, especially in transactions since there is less logging involved. I think it is fair to say that, in general and particulary for complex queries, the fact that the storage engine never generate a parallel plan added to the reduced flexibily of table variables make the use of temporary tables a better choice for large tables. | 2024-01-29T01:26:19.665474 | https://example.com/article/6481 |
Management of severe preeclampsia detected in early labor by prostaglandin A1 or dihydralazine infusions.
The presence of severe pregnancy-induced hypertension at the onset of labor requires therapy with a potent hypotensive agent. Prostaglandin A1 is a powerful vasodepressor that augments renal blood flow and glomerular filtration and possesses antiplatelet aggregator and oxytocic properties. A continuous intravenous infusion of prostaglandin A1 (40 to 50 micrograms/min) or dihydralazine (35 to 50 micrograms/min) was administered to 20 women with severe preeclampsia (10 in each group). The induced hypotensive response was similar with both drugs but the maximum reduction in blood pressure was achieved sooner with dihydralazine (4 hours) compared with prostaglandin A1 (7.5 hours). The more gradual hypotensive response is probably less dangerous on placental perfusion than a sudden change. Moreover, the oxytocic property of prostaglandin A1 shortened the time to delivery, which constitutes another potential advantage. | 2024-07-03T01:26:19.665474 | https://example.com/article/3920 |
Calcium phosphate nanoparticle-mediated transfection in 2D and 3D mono- and co-culture cell models.
The transfer of nucleic acids into living cells, i.e. transfection, is a major technique in current molecular biology and medicine. As nucleic acids alone are not able to penetrate the cell membrane, an efficient carrier is needed. Calcium phosphate nanoparticles can serve as carrier due to their biocompatibility, biodegradability and high affinity to nucleic acids like DNA or RNA. Their application was extended here from two-dimensional (2D) to three-dimensional (3D) cell culture models, including co-cultures. Compared to 2D monolayer cell cultures, a 3D culture system represents a more realistic spatial, biochemical and cellular environment. The uptake of fluorescent calcium phosphate nanoparticles (diameter 40-70 nm; cationic) was studied in 2D and 3D cell culture models by confocal laser scanning microscopy. The transfection of eGFP by calcium phosphate nanoparticles was compared in 2D and 3D cell culture, including co-cultures of green fluorescing HeLa-eGFP cells and MG-63 cells in 2D and in 3D models with the red fluorescent protein mCherry. This permitted a cell-specific assessment of the local transfection efficiency. In general, the penetration of nanoparticles into the spheroids was significantly higher than that of a model oligonucleotide carried by Lipofectamine. The transfection efficiency was comparable in 3D cell cultures with 2D cell cultures, but it occurred preferentially at the surface of the spheroids, following the uptake pathway of the nanoparticles. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Three-dimensional cell culture models can serve as a bridge between the in-vitro cell cultures and the in-vivo situation, especially when mass transfer effects have to be considered. This is the case for nanoparticles where the incubation effect in a two-dimensional cell culture strongly differs from a three-dimensional cell culture or a living tissue. We have compared the uptake of nanoparticles and a subsequent transfection of fluorescent proteins in two-dimensional and three-dimensional cell culture models. An elegant model to investigate the transfection in co-cultures was developed using HeLa-eGFP cells (green fluorescent) together with MG-63 cells (non-fluorescent) that were transfected with the red-fluorescing protein mCherry. Thereby, the transfection of both cell types in the co-culture was easily distinguished. | 2024-07-21T01:26:19.665474 | https://example.com/article/5674 |
Pages
Friday, December 4, 2009
"Korea has not yet begun to develop its mobile technology":Google's Expansion Plans
The Joongang Daily carried a brief report today about Google's expansion plans in Korea. It noted the changes that Google is making to its home page. I discussed this in an earlier post that referred to Google's plans to "Koreanize" its home page.
What really caught my eye about this latest article is the quote at the beginning, "Korea has not yet begun to develop its mobile technology." As readers of this blog will note, I agree with the basic sentiment expressed by this quote. As Cho Won-gyu, the head of Google Korea's research and development suggests, with the introduction of more smart phones next year, Korean consumers will begin to learn about many broadband internet applications from which they have been shielded to date. Take for example video. Although Youtube is now the most widely used video service in South Korea, it is not yet widely used on mobile phones. Now that the iPhone is already here and numerous Android phone models are coming next year, that is about to change. Given Google's strong array of web-based information services and their availability in Korean language versions, it is not too difficult to predict what will happen in Korea's mobile market next year. Google will gain market share for all of its internet services, as Korea's customers become acquainted with them via the new Android phones that will probably come to dominate the mobile market here. | 2023-10-11T01:26:19.665474 | https://example.com/article/3809 |
Cell Type
Key Phrases
Method
Organism
People can rapidly form arbitrary associations between stimuli and the responses they make in the presence of those stimuli. Such stimulus-response (S-R) bindings, when retrieved, affect the way that people respond to the same, or related, stimuli. Only recently, however, has the flexibility and ubiquity of these S-R bindings been appreciated, particularly… (More)
In 4 experiments, the authors found evidence for negatively signed masked semantic priming effects (with category names as primes and exemplars as targets) using a new technique of presenting the masked primes. By rapidly interchanging prime and mask during the stimulus onset asynchrony, they increased the total prime exposure to a level comparable with… (More)
Stress and cortisol are generally considered to impair declarative memory retrieval, although opposite results have also been reported. Dose-dependent effects and differences between genomic and non-genomic cortisol effects are possible reasons for these discrepancies. The aim of the current experiment was to assess the non-genomic effects of escalating… (More)
AIM
To gain mechanistic insights into the role played by epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) in the regulation of vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGFs) in colorectal cancer (CRC).
METHODS
The impact of high-level expression of the growth factor receptors EGFR and VEGF receptor (VEGFR)3 and the VEGFR3 ligands VEGF-C and VEGF-D on disease… (More)
The emotional Stroop effect refers to the phenomenon that participants are faster in responding to the ink colour of neutral than of negative word stimuli, possibly reflecting fast and automatic allocation of attention towards negative stimuli. However, this interpretation was challenged by McKenna and Sharma (2004) who found that the emotional Stroop… (More)
In this paper, we yield evidence for the dependence of affective priming on the congruency of the previous trial. Affective priming refers to the finding that valence categorizations of targets are facilitated when the preceding prime is of the same valence. In two experiments, affective priming was diminished after incongruent trials (i.e., prime and… (More)
It is an accepted, albeit puzzling finding that negative priming (NP) hinges on the presence of distractors in probe displays. In three experiments without probe distractors, the authors yielded evidence that response-biasing processes based on the contingency between prime and probe displays may have caused this finding. It is argued that it is of help in… (More)
We investigated electrophysiological correlates of the access to semantic representations. Participants had to make word/nonword decisions to target words. A first word (i.e. the prime) preceded the target. The prime was either semantically related or unrelated to the target. Using a special masking technique we were able to present the prime rather long… (More)
There is abundant evidence from behavioral and neurophysiological experiments for the distinction of natural versus artifactual categories and a gender-specific difference: women's performances in cognitive tasks increase when natural categories are used, whereas men's performances increase with artifactual categories. Here, we used the semantic priming… (More)
We used a qualitative dissociation procedure to assess semantic priming from spatially attended and unattended masked words. Participants categorized target words that were preceded by parafoveal prime words belonging to either the same (20%) or the opposite (80%) category as the target. Using this paradigm, only non-strategic use of the prime would result… (More) | 2023-08-20T01:26:19.665474 | https://example.com/article/2294 |
Q:
$rows doesnt work anymore
I tried to upgrade my working mysql script to mysqli but I'm having some problems with my $rows variable.. $rows doesn't return anything anymore.. echo $rows; returns blanc.
here's my code:\
<?php
$host = "***";
$user = "***";
$pwd = "***";
$db_name = "name";
$link = mysqli_connect($host, $user, $pwd, $db_name)or die("cannot connect");
$sql = mysqli_query($link, "SELECT * FROM foto ORDER BY id DESC LIMIT 25") or die(mysqli_error($link));
//var_dump($sql);
while ($rows = mysqli_fetch_assoc($sql))
{
echo "<img class='littleshow'"."id='foto".$rows[$id]."'src='".$rows[$foto]."' onclick='Bigscreen(this)'></img>";
}
?>
thanks for helping :)
A:
Variables $id and $foto are not defined anywhere, change it to this and you will see there is output echoed, assuming there are rows returned by the query. ($rows[$id] = $rows['id'])
while ($rows = mysqli_fetch_assoc($sql))
{
echo "<img class='littleshow'"."id='foto".$rows['id']."'src='".$rows['foto']."' onclick='Bigscreen(this)'></img>";
}
| 2023-08-08T01:26:19.665474 | https://example.com/article/8987 |
Jan Reynolds’ photographs and stories whisk you around the world in 80 seconds, but they always bring home a message of sustainability and cultural appreciation.
Her adventures include the first circumnavigation of Mount Everest, a solo crossing of the Himalaya, and a camel crossing of the Sahara desert. Her photographs and articles have been highlighted in National Geographic, The New York Times and Outside magazine. She is also the author of Celebrate! Connections Among Cultures,Cycle of Rice, Cycle of Life: A Story of Sustainable Farming, and the Vanishing Cultures series.
Her books are geared towards children, but older audiences will also appreciate the beautiful photos and information on indigenous cultures. In all of her books, she stresses the similarities between cultures rather than differences.
“If children spend time dividing us into categories of us and them, that division means there are differences that create a gap. When you see us as the same family, the tendency is to treat everyone better. We’re one human family,” said Reynolds.
In the teaching materials that accompany her “Vanishing Cultures” series, Reynolds asks, “What do we lose if we lose a vanishing culture?” When asked to answer that question, Reynolds said, “It’s like losing some of the fingers and toes of the human family. We lose wonderful traditions and languages, and ways of cooking food, and points of view. We lose a part of human history, part of who we are.”
Reynolds’ new series of work will focus on how climate change is impacting indigenous peoples’ lives and traditions. One example is the Maasai in the semi-arid regions of Kenya and Tanzania. Reynolds explained that though traditionally nomadic, the Maasai are facing environmental changes that cause them to become more sedentary—a lifestyle that could actually further devastate the desert environment.
When Reynolds writes for or speaks to children, she encourages them to care for their own environment. “I try to show the connection humans have to the natural world. I show that we can’t function without our natural world. I keep it light and easy, but I try to draw those connections,” she said. Indigenous people live more closely with that connection, she explained.
She introduces children to sustainable agriculture through Cycle of Rife, Cycle of Life. “Sustainability is a big word for little kids,” said Reynolds. So instead of speaking abstractly about sustainability, she demonstrates the concept by describing rice farming in Bali. “The key element is the ducks,” she said. Bali farmers free their duck flocks into their rice fields. The ducks eat the pests and fertilize the soil. “It helps [children] understand that everything grows in cycles,” Reynolds said.
Reynolds endeavors to live with indigenous people rather than merely photograph them. “I’m there long enough so that I’m part of the program,” she said. She doesn’t bring her camera out at the beginning. “We become friends and buddies first,” she explained.
She also tries not to be too much of an influence herself. “I try to be a fly on the wall. I don’t bring them things like an electronic watch. I don’t bring any trash. I research what would be OK gifts,” said Reynolds.
Reynolds brings her books alive through speaking engagements at schools, businesses, conventions, and festivals across the country. She excitedly tells stories and plays music as her beautiful and powerful photographs stream past. There are photos from her high-altitude hot-air balloon trip, photos of the almost-vanished Tuareg camel drivers in their indigo-dyed veils, photos of the yak she drove through a Himalayan mountain pass, and more.
However, her books and presentations aren’t just photo galleries or curiosities. They carry a larger message. In her introduction to Celebrate!, Reynolds says, “Experiencing these connections among celebrations showed me it doesn’t matter which language we sing in or what color our skin is underneath our costumes or clothing. We are much more alike than we are different.”
And in a presentation as part of last month’s Brattleboro Literary and Arts Festival in Vermont, Reynolds displayed a series of images of smiling and peaceful-looking mountain people. Afterward, she told children in the audience that they had just been viewing a tribe in Afghanistan. “It’s good not to dislike a whole region because of what you hear on the news,” she told them.
Bio: Jan Reynolds is a writer, photographer and adventurer who lives in Stowe, VT when she’s not traveling. Her “Vanishing Cultures” photo-essay series was recognized by Notable Social Studies Trade Books for Young People and selected for the Kids’ Pick of the List by the American Bookseller’s Association. She holds the world record for women’s high-altitude skiing. | 2023-08-17T01:26:19.665474 | https://example.com/article/7243 |
// Copyright (C) 2013-2020 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
//
// This file is part of the GNU ISO C++ Library. This library is free
// software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the
// terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the
// Free Software Foundation; either version 3, or (at your option)
// any later version.
// This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
// GNU General Public License for more details.
// You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along
// with this library; see the file COPYING3. If not see
// <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
#include <vector>
#include <algorithm>
#include <testsuite_performance.h>
int main()
{
using namespace __gnu_test;
time_counter time;
resource_counter resource;
const int max_size = 10000000;
std::vector<int> v(max_size);
for (int i = 0; i < max_size; ++i)
v[i] = -i;
start_counters(time, resource);
std::sort(v.begin(), v.end());
stop_counters(time, resource);
report_performance(__FILE__, "reverse", time, resource);
clear_counters(time, resource);
for (int i = 0; i < max_size; ++i)
v[i] = i;
start_counters(time, resource);
std::sort(v.begin(), v.end());
stop_counters(time, resource);
report_performance(__FILE__, "forwards", time, resource);
clear_counters(time, resource);
// a simple psuedo-random series which does not rely on rand() and friends
v[0] = 0;
for (int i = 1; i < max_size; ++i)
v[i] = (v[i-1] + 110211473) * 745988807;
start_counters(time, resource);
std::sort(v.begin(), v.end());
stop_counters(time, resource);
report_performance(__FILE__, "random", time, resource);
return 0;
}
| 2024-06-07T01:26:19.665474 | https://example.com/article/7019 |
Q:
Using CSS or other instead of js to display decimal as superscript
I have a lot of:
<span class="price">17.998,80</span>
Customer wants me to replace with:
<span class="price">17.998<sup>80</sup></span>
...fine, lets javascript... BUT WAIT!
Could the equivalent result not be obtained via some fancy CSS/CSS trick?
(large $ figures, no decimal, superscript cents - , is my decimal delimiter)
Kind Regards,
Steen
NOTE: This works fine:
$('span.price').html($('span.price').html().replace(',','<sup>')+'</sup>');
BUT preference is to ALL CSS/CSS3 solution
A:
The best way is to find all your price and add the HTML <sup> ... </sup> because if someone do not load javascript there is no HTML markup.
And there is no CSS trick to to that.
The only thing that CSS do is to apply a style to the <sup> element.
| 2024-04-30T01:26:19.665474 | https://example.com/article/2129 |
Website Detail Page
This presentation describes the problems associated with Newton's theory of gravity and then briefly outlines the key features of Einstein's theory of general relativity. The remainder of the notes focus on black holes: their definition, properties, and most importantly how they are observed in nature. Finally it describes why black holes are so important to theoretical physicists, and in what sense they are posing riddles whose resolution will point the way to a viable theory of quantum gravity.
Disclaimer: ComPADRE offers citation styles as a guide only. We cannot offer interpretations about citations as this is an automated procedure. Please refer to the style manuals in the Citation Source Information area for clarifications. | 2024-04-24T01:26:19.665474 | https://example.com/article/8797 |
using Renci.SshNet.Abstractions;
namespace Renci.SshNet.Messages.Transport
{
/// <summary>
/// Represents SSH_MSG_KEXINIT message.
/// </summary>
[Message("SSH_MSG_KEXINIT", 20)]
public class KeyExchangeInitMessage : Message, IKeyExchangedAllowed
{
/// <summary>
/// Initializes a new instance of the <see cref="KeyExchangeInitMessage"/> class.
/// </summary>
public KeyExchangeInitMessage()
{
var cookie = new byte[16];
CryptoAbstraction.GenerateRandom(cookie);
Cookie = cookie;
}
#region Message Properties
/// <summary>
/// Gets session cookie.
/// </summary>
public byte[] Cookie { get; private set; }
/// <summary>
/// Gets or sets supported key exchange algorithms.
/// </summary>
/// <value>
/// Supported key exchange algorithms.
/// </value>
public string[] KeyExchangeAlgorithms { get; set; }
/// <summary>
/// Gets or sets supported server host key algorithms.
/// </summary>
/// <value>
/// Supported server host key algorithms.
/// </value>
public string[] ServerHostKeyAlgorithms { get; set; }
/// <summary>
/// Gets or sets supported encryption algorithms client to server.
/// </summary>
/// <value>
/// Supported encryption algorithms client to server.
/// </value>
public string[] EncryptionAlgorithmsClientToServer { get; set; }
/// <summary>
/// Gets or sets supported encryption algorithms server to client.
/// </summary>
/// <value>
/// Supported encryption algorithms server to client.
/// </value>
public string[] EncryptionAlgorithmsServerToClient { get; set; }
/// <summary>
/// Gets or sets supported hash algorithms client to server.
/// </summary>
/// <value>
/// Supported hash algorithms client to server.
/// </value>
public string[] MacAlgorithmsClientToServer { get; set; }
/// <summary>
/// Gets or sets supported hash algorithms server to client.
/// </summary>
/// <value>
/// Supported hash algorithms server to client.
/// </value>
public string[] MacAlgorithmsServerToClient { get; set; }
/// <summary>
/// Gets or sets supported compression algorithms client to server.
/// </summary>
/// <value>
/// Supported compression algorithms client to server.
/// </value>
public string[] CompressionAlgorithmsClientToServer { get; set; }
/// <summary>
/// Gets or sets supported compression algorithms server to client.
/// </summary>
/// <value>
/// Supported compression algorithms server to client.
/// </value>
public string[] CompressionAlgorithmsServerToClient { get; set; }
/// <summary>
/// Gets or sets supported languages client to server.
/// </summary>
/// <value>
/// Supported languages client to server.
/// </value>
public string[] LanguagesClientToServer { get; set; }
/// <summary>
/// Gets or sets supported languages server to client.
/// </summary>
/// <value>
/// The languages server to client.
/// </value>
public string[] LanguagesServerToClient { get; set; }
/// <summary>
/// Gets or sets a value indicating whether first key exchange packet follows.
/// </summary>
/// <value>
/// <c>true</c> if first key exchange packet follows; otherwise, <c>false</c>.
/// </value>
public bool FirstKexPacketFollows { get; set; }
/// <summary>
/// Gets or sets the reserved value.
/// </summary>
/// <value>
/// The reserved value.
/// </value>
public uint Reserved { get; set; }
#endregion
/// <summary>
/// Gets the size of the message in bytes.
/// </summary>
/// <value>
/// <c>-1</c> to indicate that the size of the message cannot be determined,
/// or is too costly to calculate.
/// </value>
protected override int BufferCapacity
{
get { return -1; }
}
/// <summary>
/// Called when type specific data need to be loaded.
/// </summary>
protected override void LoadData()
{
Cookie = ReadBytes(16);
KeyExchangeAlgorithms = ReadNamesList();
ServerHostKeyAlgorithms = ReadNamesList();
EncryptionAlgorithmsClientToServer = ReadNamesList();
EncryptionAlgorithmsServerToClient = ReadNamesList();
MacAlgorithmsClientToServer = ReadNamesList();
MacAlgorithmsServerToClient = ReadNamesList();
CompressionAlgorithmsClientToServer = ReadNamesList();
CompressionAlgorithmsServerToClient = ReadNamesList();
LanguagesClientToServer = ReadNamesList();
LanguagesServerToClient = ReadNamesList();
FirstKexPacketFollows = ReadBoolean();
Reserved = ReadUInt32();
}
/// <summary>
/// Called when type specific data need to be saved.
/// </summary>
protected override void SaveData()
{
Write(Cookie);
Write(KeyExchangeAlgorithms);
Write(ServerHostKeyAlgorithms);
Write(EncryptionAlgorithmsClientToServer);
Write(EncryptionAlgorithmsServerToClient);
Write(MacAlgorithmsClientToServer);
Write(MacAlgorithmsServerToClient);
Write(CompressionAlgorithmsClientToServer);
Write(CompressionAlgorithmsServerToClient);
Write(LanguagesClientToServer);
Write(LanguagesServerToClient);
Write(FirstKexPacketFollows);
Write(Reserved);
}
internal override void Process(Session session)
{
session.OnKeyExchangeInitReceived(this);
}
}
}
| 2023-08-11T01:26:19.665474 | https://example.com/article/8107 |
Who doesn’t like self-referential paradoxes? There is something about them that appeals to all and sundry. And, there is also a certain air of mystery associated with them, but when people talk about such paradoxes in a non-technical fashion indiscriminately, especially when dealing with Gödel’s incompleteness theorem, then quite often it gets annoying!
Lawvere in ‘Diagonal Arguments and Cartesian Closed Categories‘ sought, among several things, to demystify the incompleteness theorem. To pique your interest, in a self-commentary on the above paper, he actually has quite a few harsh words, in a manner of speaking.
“The original aim of this article was to demystify the incompleteness theorem of Gödel and the truth-definition theory of Tarski by showing that both are consequences of some very simple algebra in the cartesian-closed setting. It was always hard for many to comprehend how Cantor’s mathematical theorem could be re-christened as a“paradox” by Russell and how Gödel’s theorem could be so often declared to be the most significant result of the 20th century. There was always the suspicion among scientists that such extra-mathematical publicity movements concealed an agenda for re-establishing belief as a substitute for science.”
In the aforesaid paper, Lawvere of course uses the language of category theory – the setting is that of cartesian closed categories – and therefore the technical presentation can easily get out of reach of most people’s heads – including myself. Thankfully, Noson S. Yanofsky has written a nice paper, ‘A Universal Approach to Self-Referential Paradoxes, Incompleteness and Fixed Points’, that is a lot more accessible and fun to read as well.Yanofsky employs only the notions of sets and functions, thereby avoiding the language of category theory, to bring out and make accessible as much as possible the content of Lawvere’s paper. Cantor’s theorem, Russell’s Paradox, the non-definability of satisfiability, Tarski’s non-definability of truth and Gödel’s (first) incompleteness theorem are all shown to be paradoxical phenomena that merely result from the existence of a cartesian closed category satisfying certain conditions. The idea is to use a single formalism to describe all these diverse phenomena. | 2024-07-21T01:26:19.665474 | https://example.com/article/8021 |
from Foundation import *
from PyObjCTools.TestSupport import *
try:
unicode
except NameError:
unicode = str
class TestNSURL (TestCase):
def testMethods(self):
self.assertArgIsBOOL(NSURL.initFileURLWithPath_isDirectory_, 1)
self.assertArgIsBOOL(NSURL.fileURLWithPath_isDirectory_, 1)
self.assertResultIsBOOL(NSURL.isFileURL)
self.assertArgIsBOOL(NSURL.resourceDataUsingCache_, 0)
self.assertArgIsBOOL(NSURL.loadResourceDataNotifyingClient_usingCache_, 1)
self.assertResultIsBOOL(NSURL.setResourceData_)
self.assertResultIsBOOL(NSURL.setProperty_forKey_)
self.assertArgIsBOOL(NSURL.URLHandleUsingCache_, 0)
def testConstants(self):
self.assertIsInstance(NSURLFileScheme, unicode)
@min_os_level('10.6')
def testConstants10_6(self):
self.assertEqual(NSURLBookmarkCreationPreferFileIDResolution, ( 1 << 8 ))
self.assertEqual(NSURLBookmarkCreationMinimalBookmark, ( 1 << 9 ))
self.assertEqual(NSURLBookmarkCreationSuitableForBookmarkFile, ( 1 << 10 ))
self.assertEqual(NSURLBookmarkResolutionWithoutUI, ( 1 << 8 ))
self.assertEqual(NSURLBookmarkResolutionWithoutMounting, ( 1 << 9 ))
self.assertIsInstance(NSURLNameKey, unicode)
self.assertIsInstance(NSURLLocalizedNameKey, unicode)
self.assertIsInstance(NSURLIsRegularFileKey, unicode)
self.assertIsInstance(NSURLIsDirectoryKey, unicode)
self.assertIsInstance(NSURLIsSymbolicLinkKey, unicode)
self.assertIsInstance(NSURLIsVolumeKey, unicode)
self.assertIsInstance(NSURLIsPackageKey, unicode)
self.assertIsInstance(NSURLIsSystemImmutableKey, unicode)
self.assertIsInstance(NSURLIsUserImmutableKey, unicode)
self.assertIsInstance(NSURLIsHiddenKey, unicode)
self.assertIsInstance(NSURLHasHiddenExtensionKey, unicode)
self.assertIsInstance(NSURLCreationDateKey, unicode)
self.assertIsInstance(NSURLContentAccessDateKey, unicode)
self.assertIsInstance(NSURLContentModificationDateKey, unicode)
self.assertIsInstance(NSURLAttributeModificationDateKey, unicode)
self.assertIsInstance(NSURLLinkCountKey, unicode)
self.assertIsInstance(NSURLParentDirectoryURLKey, unicode)
self.assertIsInstance(NSURLVolumeURLKey, unicode)
self.assertIsInstance(NSURLTypeIdentifierKey, unicode)
self.assertIsInstance(NSURLLocalizedTypeDescriptionKey, unicode)
self.assertIsInstance(NSURLLabelNumberKey, unicode)
self.assertIsInstance(NSURLLabelColorKey, unicode)
self.assertIsInstance(NSURLLocalizedLabelKey, unicode)
self.assertIsInstance(NSURLEffectiveIconKey, unicode)
self.assertIsInstance(NSURLCustomIconKey, unicode)
self.assertIsInstance(NSURLFileSizeKey, unicode)
self.assertIsInstance(NSURLFileAllocatedSizeKey, unicode)
self.assertIsInstance(NSURLIsAliasFileKey, unicode)
self.assertIsInstance(NSURLVolumeLocalizedFormatDescriptionKey, unicode)
self.assertIsInstance(NSURLVolumeTotalCapacityKey, unicode)
self.assertIsInstance(NSURLVolumeAvailableCapacityKey, unicode)
self.assertIsInstance(NSURLVolumeResourceCountKey, unicode)
@min_os_level('10.6')
def testConstants10_6_2(self):
self.assertIsInstance(NSURLVolumeSupportsPersistentIDsKey, unicode)
self.assertIsInstance(NSURLVolumeSupportsSymbolicLinksKey, unicode)
self.assertIsInstance(NSURLVolumeSupportsHardLinksKey, unicode)
self.assertIsInstance(NSURLVolumeSupportsJournalingKey, unicode)
self.assertIsInstance(NSURLVolumeIsJournalingKey, unicode)
self.assertIsInstance(NSURLVolumeSupportsSparseFilesKey, unicode)
self.assertIsInstance(NSURLVolumeSupportsZeroRunsKey, unicode)
self.assertIsInstance(NSURLVolumeSupportsCaseSensitiveNamesKey, unicode)
self.assertIsInstance(NSURLVolumeSupportsCasePreservedNamesKey, unicode)
@min_os_level('10.7')
def testConstants10_7(self):
self.assertIsInstance(NSURLKeysOfUnsetValuesKey, unicode)
self.assertIsInstance(NSURLFileResourceIdentifierKey, unicode)
self.assertIsInstance(NSURLVolumeIdentifierKey, unicode)
self.assertIsInstance(NSURLPreferredIOBlockSizeKey, unicode)
self.assertIsInstance(NSURLIsReadableKey, unicode)
self.assertIsInstance(NSURLIsWritableKey, unicode)
self.assertIsInstance(NSURLIsExecutableKey, unicode)
self.assertIsInstance(NSURLIsMountTriggerKey, unicode)
self.assertIsInstance(NSURLFileSecurityKey, unicode)
self.assertIsInstance(NSURLFileResourceTypeKey, unicode)
self.assertIsInstance(NSURLFileResourceTypeNamedPipe, unicode)
self.assertIsInstance(NSURLFileResourceTypeCharacterSpecial, unicode)
self.assertIsInstance(NSURLFileResourceTypeDirectory, unicode)
self.assertIsInstance(NSURLFileResourceTypeBlockSpecial, unicode)
self.assertIsInstance(NSURLFileResourceTypeRegular, unicode)
self.assertIsInstance(NSURLFileResourceTypeSymbolicLink, unicode)
self.assertIsInstance(NSURLFileResourceTypeSocket, unicode)
self.assertIsInstance(NSURLFileResourceTypeUnknown, unicode)
self.assertIsInstance(NSURLTotalFileSizeKey, unicode)
self.assertIsInstance(NSURLTotalFileAllocatedSizeKey, unicode)
self.assertIsInstance(NSURLVolumeSupportsRootDirectoryDatesKey, unicode)
self.assertIsInstance(NSURLVolumeSupportsVolumeSizesKey, unicode)
self.assertIsInstance(NSURLVolumeSupportsRenamingKey, unicode)
self.assertIsInstance(NSURLVolumeSupportsAdvisoryFileLockingKey, unicode)
self.assertIsInstance(NSURLVolumeSupportsExtendedSecurityKey, unicode)
self.assertIsInstance(NSURLVolumeIsBrowsableKey, unicode)
self.assertIsInstance(NSURLVolumeMaximumFileSizeKey, unicode)
self.assertIsInstance(NSURLVolumeIsEjectableKey, unicode)
self.assertIsInstance(NSURLVolumeIsRemovableKey, unicode)
self.assertIsInstance(NSURLVolumeIsInternalKey, unicode)
self.assertIsInstance(NSURLVolumeIsAutomountedKey, unicode)
self.assertIsInstance(NSURLVolumeIsLocalKey, unicode)
self.assertIsInstance(NSURLVolumeIsReadOnlyKey, unicode)
self.assertIsInstance(NSURLVolumeCreationDateKey, unicode)
self.assertIsInstance(NSURLVolumeURLForRemountingKey, unicode)
self.assertIsInstance(NSURLVolumeUUIDStringKey, unicode)
self.assertIsInstance(NSURLVolumeNameKey, unicode)
self.assertIsInstance(NSURLVolumeLocalizedNameKey, unicode)
self.assertIsInstance(NSURLIsUbiquitousItemKey, unicode)
self.assertIsInstance(NSURLUbiquitousItemHasUnresolvedConflictsKey, unicode)
self.assertIsInstance(NSURLUbiquitousItemIsDownloadedKey, unicode)
self.assertIsInstance(NSURLUbiquitousItemIsDownloadingKey, unicode)
self.assertIsInstance(NSURLUbiquitousItemIsUploadedKey, unicode)
self.assertIsInstance(NSURLUbiquitousItemIsUploadingKey, unicode)
self.assertIsInstance(NSURLUbiquitousItemPercentDownloadedKey, unicode)
self.assertIsInstance(NSURLUbiquitousItemPercentUploadedKey, unicode)
@min_os_level('10.8')
def testConstants10_8(self):
self.assertIsInstance(NSURLIsExcludedFromBackupKey, unicode)
self.assertIsInstance(NSURLPathKey, unicode)
@min_os_level('10.6')
def testMethods10_6(self):
self.assertArgIsBOOL(NSURL.URLByAppendingPathComponent_isDirectory_, 1)
self.assertResultIsBOOL(NSURL.getResourceValue_forKey_error_)
self.assertArgIsOut(NSURL.getResourceValue_forKey_error_, 0)
self.assertArgIsOut(NSURL.getResourceValue_forKey_error_, 2)
self.assertArgIsOut(NSURL.resourceValuesForKeys_error_, 1)
self.assertResultIsBOOL(NSURL.setResourceValue_forKey_error_)
self.assertArgIsOut(NSURL.setResourceValue_forKey_error_, 2)
self.assertResultIsBOOL(NSURL.setResourceValues_error_)
self.assertArgIsOut(NSURL.setResourceValues_error_, 1)
self.assertResultIsBOOL(NSURL.checkResourceIsReachableAndReturnError_)
self.assertArgIsOut(NSURL.checkResourceIsReachableAndReturnError_, 0)
self.assertResultIsBOOL(NSURL.isFileReferenceURL)
self.assertArgIsOut(NSURL.bookmarkDataWithOptions_includingResourceValuesForKeys_relativeToURL_error_, 3)
self.assertArgHasType(NSURL.initByResolvingBookmarkData_options_relativeToURL_bookmarkDataIsStale_error_, 3, b'o^' + objc._C_NSBOOL)
self.assertArgIsOut(NSURL.initByResolvingBookmarkData_options_relativeToURL_bookmarkDataIsStale_error_, 4)
self.assertArgHasType(NSURL.URLByResolvingBookmarkData_options_relativeToURL_bookmarkDataIsStale_error_, 3, b'o^' + objc._C_NSBOOL)
self.assertArgIsOut(NSURL.URLByResolvingBookmarkData_options_relativeToURL_bookmarkDataIsStale_error_, 4)
self.assertResultIsBOOL(NSURL.writeBookmarkData_toURL_options_error_)
self.assertArgIsOut(NSURL.writeBookmarkData_toURL_options_error_, 3)
self.assertArgIsOut(NSURL.bookmarkDataWithContentsOfURL_error_, 1)
if __name__ == "__main__":
main()
| 2024-02-16T01:26:19.665474 | https://example.com/article/4134 |
Abandon all hope, ye introverts who enter here… – Dante, kind of
Circle 1: Networking
In this circle the introvert souls writhe and groan as they are forced to shake hands, drink coffee out of urns, and listen to people talk about being disruptors.
They howl in wretchedness and engage in small talk while dressed in smart casual attire.
Circle 2: Garrulous People
Here the introvert souls are trapped in an everlasting fire with a taxi driver, dentist, or massage therapist who talks non-stop.
Unable to escape the scorching verbal flames, the introvert souls are ceaselessly required to answer questions about where they live or what they do or what they think about random bland topics.
Circle 3: Organised Activities
Circle 3 is where the introvert souls are tortured in a seething underworld of group activities.
Their strength is pushed to the very limits of endurance as they engage en masse in games, ice breakers, trust exercises, and other ordeals of group damnation.
Circle 4: Group Projects
Here the tormented introvert souls are condemned to complete tasks with other people, despite being willing to do all the work themselves in exchange for being allowed to work alone.
Fallen angels, heretics, and bossy loudmouths dominate every discussion while contributing no actual work. The sullen ones gurgle beneath the waters. And also contribute no actual work.
Circle 5: People Who Can’t Or Won’t Read Cues
In circle 5 the introvert souls are trapped in a nightmare world where people refuse to acknowledge the universal signals of Please leave me alone.
These wicked torturers ignore obvious earbuds, open books, dark sunglasses, closed body language, avoided eye contact. Instead, they firmly tap shoulders, smile and wave jovially in faces, and obliviously talk and talk and talk at the squirming and twisting introvert souls. The introvert souls are hurled about in this violent storm with no hope of rest.
Circle 6: Crowded Shopping Centres
In this foul swamp introvert souls must wander from level to level of the abyss, jostled endlessly by people with no sense of personal space.
Here is found a bottomless pit of sales and seasonal clearances, where things lacking appeal at full price are hurled at the avaricious and the prodigal, who screech and grasp and surrender all dignity in exchange for discounted items they do not need and have no room for. Also called limbo.
Circle 7: Having To Answer The Phone
In this nether world the miserable introvert souls are encased in flaming tombs, also known as automatically-answered telephone headsets.
Without hope of peace, the accursed introverts wander amid the thieves, liars, cheats, sorcerers, false prophets, and those who post too many selfies, forever blown about by vile winds and unavoidable telephone calls.
Circle 8: Unnecessary Space Invaders
The introvert souls in circle 8 are condemned for all eternity to be in uncrowded places yet have noisy, vexatious persons disregard the many available seats and sit very close by.
In this pit of perdition the noisy ones talk loudly, ignorantly, and incessantly. Their ignored children thrash about and scream in hellish agony, for absolutely no reason at all.
Circle 9: Satan’s Personal Pad
Here is the lowest and most terrifying level, the grim depths of hell, dominated by the salivating, ever-devouring mouths of Satan.
Also known as Ikea. | 2024-07-05T01:26:19.665474 | https://example.com/article/5160 |
Age Gap May Prevail on Marijuana Legalization
During the summer, when some polls indicated Meg Whitman and Carly Fiorina were within striking distance of Jerry Brown and Barbara Boxer, respectively, Golden State politics watchers thought perhaps liberal proponents of Proposition 19, the ballot initiative that would legalize marijuana, would flock to the polls and put Brown and Boxer over the top on election night.Yet, with Brown and Boxer locked in dogfights with their Republican opponents, it seems as if Prop. 19 will be plagued by the same sort of enthusiasm gap Democrats are experiencing nationally and is thus in danger of not passing. According to all recent polls, from CNN to Survey USA to Field to the Los Angeles Times, likely voters seem poised to defeat Prop.19. There's a clear age gap in these polls, as expected, with younger voters overwhelmingly favoring the initiative and older voters staunchly opposing it. In midterm elections, though, the electorate tends to be older, and this is reflected in the poll numbers.
Many luminaries such as Snoop Dogg and George Soros as well as prominent organizations such as the SEIU and the Latino Police Officers Organization have endorsed the initiative.
Many other groups, prominent politicians like Gov. Arnold Schwarzenegger, and even the San Francisco Chronicle, in a city whose sports fans wear "Let Timmy Smoke" t-shirts (a reference to the cult-like Giants pitcher who was pulled over for marijuana possession during the off-season), oppose it. The San Francisco Chronicle noted, among other things, that the initiative was poorly designed and may create more problems, particularly by allowing citizens to drive after smoking marijuana and by including a nondiscrimination clause that would prevent employers from firing employees for marijuana use until they could prove a direct connection to job impairment.
Proponents of Prop. 19 cite many factors that the rest of the nation should pay attention to. For one, California has a massive budget deficit and legalizing and taxing marijuana could add revenue, more so in cash-strapped municipalities. Gang violence is increasing as a result of the drug trade and the prohibition on marijuana, and proponents of Prop. 19 feel legalizing marijuana would end the drug war they view as being a waste of time and resources.
Then there's the prison factor. Though minorities, particularly African Americans and Latinos, do not smoke marijuana more than whites do, minorities disproportionately bear the burden of going to jail and getting arrested because of laws against possession. This crowds an already overburdened prison system and deprives those who are arrested for possession a shot at a better future.
Those against Prop. 19 cite a litany of reasons as well, but older voters seem primarily stuck on the belief that legalizing marijuana would just increase California's drug problem and that the drug would gain the ubiquity and abuse level of alcohol. They also fear potential spillover effects and believe the drug is a gateway to more serious drugs.
The powerful Prison Guard Union is playing Switzerland and sitting this one out, perhaps symbolizing the sound and compelling arguments on both sides of the debate.
And of course, even if grassroots supporters mobilize to get the initiative passed, the Obama Administration has said that it would vigorously enforce federal laws against marijuana. As more polls show the initiative is likely to fail, this is a bridge the White House, perhaps to its relief, will probably not have to cross. | 2024-06-13T01:26:19.665474 | https://example.com/article/6728 |
Sanders Calls for $1 Trillion Investment in Vermont and Nation's Infrastructure
WASHINGTON, March 7 – Sen. Bernie Sanders (I-Vt.) joined Senate Democratic leaders Wednesday to announce a $1 trillion proposal to rebuild our nation’s crumbling infrastructure and create 15 million middle-class jobs.
The announcement of the Democratic proposal follows the unveiling of President Donald Trump’s infrastructure plan, which would encourage states to sell our nation’s highways, bridges and other vital infrastructure to Wall Street, wealthy campaign contributors and foreign governments.
“Unfortunately, the Trump plan,” Sanders said, “is a sham. It is a fraud.”
“The fact of the matter is that the American people understand, whether they are Republican, Democrat, progressive or conservative, that in the wealthiest nation in the history of the world – where we used to lead the world in our infrastructure – we are now falling further and further behind many other countries. Now is the time to rebuild America. Now is the time to create 10 to 15 million decent-paying jobs. Now is the time to restore pride in rural America that has desperate needs, in urban America that has desperate needs.”
In his remarks, Sanders highlighted Vermont’s infrastructure needs.
“In my home state of Vermont, we need $700 million a year through 2018 just to get our roads to a state of good repair,” he said. “Thirty percent of our bridges are obsolete or structurally deficient. Our small community drinking water systems need $510 million over the next 20 years. And our wastewater and storm water facilities need an additional $156 million in needed repairs and upgrades.”
To download Sanders’ remarks, click here. | 2023-09-24T01:26:19.665474 | https://example.com/article/7624 |
Miami Heat Beat Bulls 88-65 for 3-1 Lead
LeBron James scored 27 points as the Miami Heat nearly matched a club record for points conceded in a playoff game, dominating the listless Chicago Bulls.
CHICAGO: LeBron James had 27 points, eight assists and seven rebounds as the Miami Heat routed Chicago 88-65 to seize a commanding 3-1 series lead in their second round Eastern Conference series.
Miami, who dominated the Bulls 115-78 in game two, started with an 11-2 run in Monday's contest and never looked back.
"We just try to wear a team down throughout the series and get better each game," said James who was the leading vote getter in balloting for the NBA All Defensive Team on Monday. "We've done a great job of closing out quarters and going into the next quarter with momentum."
Chicago shot a dismal 25.7 percent from the field and also scored a postseason franchise low in points in front of a crowd of 21,990 at the United Center arena. The Bulls scored just nine points in the third quarter, another franchise low. Miami can now close out the best-of-seven series in game five Wednesday at home.
"We have to come out with the same intensity that we came out with tonight, both offensively and defensively," James said.
Chris Bosh also scored in double figures, finishing with 14 points and four blocks for the Heat who had 19 fastbreak points compared to just seven for the Bulls. "We wanted to work as hard as we could on defence tonight," Bosh said. "We are looking forward to having a chance to close these guys out Wednesday."
Carlos Boozer had 14 points and 12 rebounds for the Bulls, whose previous playoff franchise low in points (69) came against the Detroit Pistons in game one of a 2007 NBA quarter-finals. Their previous low in field-goal percentage (31.1 percent) also came against the Pistons in game seven of the 1990 NBA semi-finals.
Boozer shot just three-of-14 and Nate Robinson was zero-for-12 and didn't score. "We are disappointed with the way we played," said Joakim Noah. "But there is still basketball left and we are not giving up."
Once again, the Bulls had to play without injured star Derrick Rose, Luol Deng and Kirk Hinrich. Rose hasn't played all season and Deng underwent a spinal tap two weeks ago to rule out meningitis and has been slow to recover.
With all of the injuries and the heavy minutes, Chicago appears to be losing steam. "We have to bounce back," said Bulls' coach Tom Thibodeau, who was slapped with a $35,000 fine after he criticized the officials after game three of the series.
James had 15 points and Bosh scored 12 in the first half for Miami who led 44-33 at halftime. They held Chicago to just 27 percent shooting in the first 24 minutes. The Bulls' day just kept getting worse, especially in the third when they made just two of their 13 shots in the quarter.
Miami was rolling on offence, going on a 10-1 surge in the middle part of the third. Dwyane Wade had a pair of buckets during the swing, including one from the left side that gave Miami a 56-40 lead. Norris Cole swished a three pointer at the buzzer to make it 61-42 for Miami who led by as many as 26 points in the fourth. | 2024-01-14T01:26:19.665474 | https://example.com/article/2127 |
Gemifloxacin versus amoxicillin/clavulanate in the treatment of acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis. The 070 Clinical Study group.
Six hundred patients were evaluated in this randomized, double-blind, double-dummy, multicenter, parallel-group study comparing the efficacy and safety of gemifloxacin (320 mg once-daily for 5 days) and amoxicillin/clavulanate (500/125 mg three-times daily for 7 days) for the treatment of acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis (AECB). Of note, more than 90% of study participants had stage 2 disease at study entry. The two drugs were found to be equally effective, with clinical success rates of 93.6% for gemifloxacin and 93.2% on amoxicillin/clavulanate (95% CI -3.9 to 4.6). Bacteriological success rates favored gemifloxacin (90.9% compared with 79.5% for amoxicillin/clavulanate; 95% CI -3.3 to 26.0); however, this difference was not statistically significant. Gemifloxacin and amoxicillin/clavulanate were both well tolerated. In summary, gemifloxacin was found to be well tolerated and effective for the treatment of AECB, suggesting it is well suited for empirical treatment of this common respiratory condition in the current clinical environment. | 2024-04-11T01:26:19.665474 | https://example.com/article/6160 |
Aging is the consequence of the loss of functionality and the loss of resistance or adaptability to stress. Free radicals have been shown to play important roles in the basic aging process. Over-expression of superoxide dismutase and catalase has been shown to increase the mean and maximum life span (about 30%) of Drosophila. Dietary restriction, which protects against oxidative damage, also retards the aging process in rodents. Free radicals have also been implicated in life-shortening and age-associated disorders such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease and atherosclerosis. To study the molecular mechanisms that mediate the effect of free radicals, we have developed a free radical-resistant cell line (PC12-MR) by mimicking the chronic exposure to free radicals in the process of aging. Since PC 12-MR cells are resistant to superoxide, the expression of some genes must be altered to protect cells from free radical damage. The possible candidate genes may include anti-oxidant enzymes (e.g., superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase) and cell death inhibitors (e.g., Bcl-2 and Bcl-XL). Our preliminary studies have also found that the level of cGMP in PC 12-MR cells is elevated. It is possible that cGMP may play a protective role against oxidative stress. Since mammalian cells may have developed multiple systems to protect against environmental and endogenous oxidative stress during evolution, it is possible that the expression of other novel genes is also altered in PC 12-MR cells to render them resistant to free radicals. To examine these possibilities, we propose: l) to examine whether the expression of genes known to be involved in scavenging free radicals and in inhibiting apoptosis are altered in PC 12-MR cells, and whether these identified genes contribute to the protection of PC 12-MR cells from free radical insult; 2) to examine whether membrane-bound guanylate cyclase/cGMP exerts a protective effect against free radicals; and 3) to identify other novel genes that render PC12-MR cells resistant to free radical insult employing the differential display technique. The information generated from this study will help identify genes that can prevent cell death caused by free radicals. My long-term goal is to understand the molecular mechanisms of aging and particularly the mechanisms that protect cells from free radical insult, so that therapeutic intervention may be developed to delay aging process and be applied as well to age- associated diseases such as Alzheimer disease, Parkinson's disease and atherosclerosis. | 2024-03-23T01:26:19.665474 | https://example.com/article/5711 |
updated 02:30 pm EDT, Wed May 31, 2006
Vvidget Server 10.4.11
VVI has released Vvidget Server 10.4.11, updating the point-and-click graphing solution for Mac OS X. VVI's latest release brings native compatibility to Apple's Intel-based Macs, and adds caching indirection where graphs are referenced with an indirection. The update includes several automation attributes, improves the reference manual as well as example projects, and incorporates several bug fixes to the template builder used to lay out automation static attributes. The release of Vvidget Server 10.4.11 also signals the arrival of a Frequently Asked Quetsions (FAQ) for Vvidget users. Vvidget is priced at $200 (system requirements were unavailable). | 2023-10-30T01:26:19.665474 | https://example.com/article/9619 |
One of the characters in the classic 1939 film “Stagecoach” is a banker named Gatewood who lectures his captive audience on the evils of big government, especially bank regulation — “As if we bankers don’t know how to run our own banks!” he exclaims. As the film progresses, we learn that Gatewood is in fact skipping town with a satchel full of embezzled cash.
As far as we know, Jamie Dimon, the chairman and C.E.O. of JPMorgan Chase, isn’t planning anything similar. He has, however, been fond of giving Gatewood-like speeches about how he and his colleagues know what they’re doing, and don’t need the government looking over their shoulders. So there’s a large heap of poetic justice — and a major policy lesson — in JPMorgan’s shock announcement that it somehow managed to lose $2 billion in a failed bit of financial wheeling-dealing.
Just to be clear, businessmen are human — although the lords of finance have a tendency to forget that — and they make money-losing mistakes all the time. That in itself is no reason for the government to get involved. But banks are special, because the risks they take are borne, in large part, by taxpayers and the economy as a whole. And what JPMorgan has just demonstrated is that even supposedly smart bankers must be sharply limited in the kinds of risk they’re allowed to take on.
Why, exactly, are banks special? Because history tells us that banking is and always has been subject to occasional destructive “panics,” which can wreak havoc with the economy as a whole. Current right-wing mythology has it that bad banking is always the result of government intervention, whether from the Federal Reserve or meddling liberals in Congress. In fact, however, Gilded Age America — a land with minimal government and no Fed — was subject to panics roughly once every six years. And some of these panics inflicted major economic losses. | 2024-03-20T01:26:19.665474 | https://example.com/article/3242 |
Breaking News
Dogs Before Dudes
Thursday, May 24th
Would you ever date someone if they hated your dog? In this episode we also talk about how to handle a hoarder and whether or not the people around you might be psychopaths.
00:29:00
Transcript - Not for consumer use. Robot overlords only. Will not be accurate.
Today to that meant remotest showcased via FaceBook and Twitter and find out more help when exhibit nine the link dot com. George listening got off to a bad remote. Like Apollo FaceBook page too by the way we haven't gone there why don't you should dancing. Burglar. Decline now and they just relentless declines of this stuff. Leave. Mean he had the running of the bulls. Kind of a grainy food footage but if you go to my Matt Harris page. The actual footage clear of me being her smoke. In and in the meantime what about. Have to CNET yet what are they going to deals and edited at the dolls. I am with the 86% of people who would dump somebody who didn't like my dog. Didn't like it didn't like my dog like hey you know what if you are dating. A dog mom or a dog bed I. They are dog mile more dog pet. You better understand that just like if they had kids need to suck up to that dog well I would have trouble to I don't ask but I that I dogged the way to my arc. I yeah I wouldn't be but I I don't know legged. I had trouble with the equalizing kids in equal to a dog are. You just over saying it even would be like. And you. Any significant if you can understand why I'm coming from then you're probably not the guy for me back and I'm a 100% okay with that but. It's you know. Did I'm crazy dog lady yeah yeah I got exactly are you back in my crazy dog lady world you need to suck up to madame. I suck and I just not having dragged I have to like title with a dog unrelated to pet him. I need to panic you need to pet him. Not an underdog beat right when you might door. My dog armories gonna come over he's gonna get all of next your legs and he expects she the leaned down and scratch one to bring down and that's it. That might want to reach out to sit there one year laughter gain of that but you need to acknowledge him because he's being nice to you. Okay knowledge. That's at one time I walk in and I'm back in the years and still it. They're not again not again I don't have to never touch him again. And when the don't know next time you come business angle but the dog starts jumping on you are you let the I'm not your car and get down my dog dealt obvious they had yeah I have bad habits he jumps on people I know he should mention of isn't okay of the person like pushes them off. If you step aside. Push him off no not pushing your voice. I'll. Announce that push him hard push her off canals not to let your dog hit and you re Max. Dog so you wouldn't want to Betty I know you had not data woman who did not like you don't have a dog now but not like you're on line is if she hated him. I would like there's a level right right in as long as she's tolerant. That I have been and that's fine that'd what did you doesn't like the fact that he lets say your dog did jump. OK not to like that part of it that's fun. You know that you know you dog is a bad habit yeah well I'm OK with you saying it can't. Yeah. I guess that sometimes this comes back it up though they don't keep jumping right up my job. Unleaded is back up you don't got to keep him or push him and that. And all the value what he did there that is community. Where you will you stick out your knee and that keeps the dog from to open up again and angrily at a distance before they via. Well I went out with a guy once who came over to the house. And he made several comments about. People with indoor dogs over the last on the game and I have obvious recommend that that's just rude. For anybody I mean you can mention it. At some point you know I could tell it really bothered him that our dogs lived indoors so you think you would just grow the resentment. Was that a religious reason this guy did it. Carrying heat he grew up with outdoor dogs a doctored and I didn't believe that dogs should be indoors. He thought it was dumb for a dog to be indoors because it's an animal should be outside. And he questions. And this is the part that I. Found very offensive he also questioned the cleanliness. A mini home. Adding inside it's time you go your question the cats and lend us your guess that's what you did a guy with tax no I would not. Not date. And they you know double standard why there's no difference that same. Same. Not so different now. Yes which you are doing it still question the click it or not talk about being a Frey were talking about Clinton won't get. Asked me if I would data that we can attest and I need to learn while I I'm not dating a guy with cats is because it would not be feared him or me. I'm afraid of cats but I don't feel comfortable in a home with a cat signal would they're giving me a spot. How fat I don't remember the rule on my brain guy they're plotting the demise I can never be comfortable. In your home there's a cat. Tying me how about the guy has a dog is an outdoor dog. Some do what bothered by the fact that some dogs live outside and I know there are some dog sitter. That are outdoor dogs like my neighbors had a dog that was primarily an outdoor dog it was a well taken care I'm OK with. I'm OK with that is right as you are not being role and it's tied up two lottery yeah OK yeah I'm reporting Uga. Out here but it goats in the backyard. You didn't go foods. A little miniature goats now because that guy would who ran a petting zoo tragedy be onetime items is it now. It. Holds up it. Very sweet. Yet that he had a cow named Oreo very sweet. I I want no part of you or your petting zoo and all I can imagine with him showing up at my house smelling like betting it can handle internally or Sears those lists that we do in the somebody is Leone say try to. Don't have your list so long and you've got along well knows. I didn't Danny you know now that's the amount of time. What we are to. Honor all. And then day old style I would hate him. Yeah. Your number not my sounds Greta it just me about it for no reason do we get our zoo part that's a weak reasons enamored by either losses hands. Does it have more. Yeah today you have had a he has daily and penalties and empowerment and about that's Arlington. There are a lot of things that are hard to do it like we're keeping up with the Iraq this email you have 42000 email. Keeping your phone shocks Paul's merging into traffic in the lane next ends in the that's why 1079 delaying wants to make win. Money. M the seventy. She donated for the national keyword in the text in a way it's easy money hasty. And Bob and Jerry Kelly buyers came. And Charlotte's best mix what I was seven and I don't blame you still have 31441. On my. All cylinders them weird ways. People became millionaires. And one this is guy Eric knock him while. He made a mean where the open mouth cat. Asking for it cheeseburger. Says ITN has cheeseburger I don't remember it. Do you do yeah 110 million dollars off well and millions all blood ten million. Yes yeah well. I missed block and a lot of web sites. Wanted to use it and you had you may pay ten years it off in that amazing. Betty stock. I am Dianne still I don't know I can buy it and at what we hear you say your cat this area cats do really well. What within isn't such well grumpy cat did we know we're a year there I don't know I had a tiger's birdie on in years past ten million years. The registering the URLs. The domain names and whatnot. Back in the day you can make a lot of money out and baguette that gap back in the day it was and I just lost it again I think it was. I know on giving example. At pizza dot com. Two point six million but that's not even in the game and just tell you minute ago and I forgot. Look at a most expensive and I think it was like. Hotels or something whatever. Sell chicken wholesale to become a millionaire. These Brothers and 09 series selling chicken and a parking lot a buck 49 a pound. Half the national average. The buyer had to get that operatives forty pounds in two days they sold 80000 pounds and they were millionaire and he. Well if they're selling chicken at a parking lot I heard this a similar story about the guy. Who popularized baby care it's. Because until he came up with a way to market the baby carrier. It was basically. Sum them that they just dump on soup company's damn machine don't care company yeah. Like just to get rid of it because it couldn't be sold rights as regular care somebody's gonna buy him so. You'd make pennies. Just basically get rid of 100 so he found away premium like Maine it sorts out he found a way. To market it as aid baby care at ace and that care rate. An argument that super rich. Trace. And I had that I'd hear it important break. The domain names insurance dot com. Bounce 36 million. 2010 vacation rentals dot com 35 mil. Private jet dot com thirty male Internet dot com eighteen male short dark on sixteen melt I think gosh bank. Office chairs. So on a bell nick was fourteen at a time at 500 dollars. It wants an office chair company called is it chair dot com. Why 05 the site annual revenue fourteen million dollars. And 08 that number triple. Was he making surges telling I'm tired I'm guessing you can make them just site where you can go and see every kind of business out of office share available on the market. Fourteen. You. If this guy for money when you were fourteen. I don't think I did and it don't they had money you're getting the money flowing Long Island indicating. I don't I'd I'd and papers. Out and I don't remember when I am now now I just that they know wanted to give me one point this argument poker chips. Imagined that this thing they went this little space for David did you poker chips. It's if you did somebody get like a blue Iran or light or whatever. And that deal they allegedly at the end of the week and in the minority attach amendments. That part never happen I just never had a big bag of poker chips and I guy I just keep collecting camps and she never went anywhere it's. This guy one. Gotten become a millionaire I gaming the lottery which can't do now because there's so many. Possible combinations but. Starting in a fifty stepped in Mandell. Played global lotteries Romania Australia or whatever stepping up every available ticket. Darren tying guaranteeing a win. 19921. Of the many he went was 27 million dollar prize he over all through the course of his time when seven point one million dollars. Resetting. Of the pet rock remember that what are we doing wrong here it also wants everybody millions of those this guy invented it boggles. Like I sunglasses bird bird dogs. If he's playing frisbee and his dog didn't catch the prison besides abacus I got in his eyes and he made dad came up goggles and they go more than three million dollars annually. Wow. And dogs don't even look at the sat. The bad hangs. I feel like I am even if you came up live like a really good idea. The chances of it blowing up like that still have to be astronomical gas well because this is that. Kind of think any keeps she downed you know I'm mad kinda thinking you have to have. But it does seem like there's something out there are missing and now old because I like getting down with the website you got to know how to build a website you got to know how to I'd arms and stuff out and finally I don't I'm I don't know man I'm not a big men in no way it began and yeah yeah I did enhance our problem is I do I got Diana while not gonna give the idea. I but it of the eighties and continued from there where do you go. Well I got a call I had I have slighted China and need a scientist with the kids at all as it is don't call that but I haven't had. I haven't had one come up with a fix the adhesive thing yet. But an idea like one of these you'll need a scientist now. I'm on his cell chip business shares I just call guy. Isn't. Hello loses airmen. I'd sell a business and I. And be a millionaire now you have the clerk and tell me when it's done right behind us except that seems really simple method does just figured out. You're listening to Hossa there with mess and Ramona write your mom it is. Not quite a quarter window and her up collector. No matter how good the word out to my friends and I'd love. How my friends love my mom and I've already put the word out please. No books of books no brochures. A brush artists Hugo's brochures. She keeps brochure you loves paper of in yes. Yes there and parked it on you. No brochures. Please no angels. No bells. No soap with no lotions and no T she doesn't use the lotions and soaps. My mom is 77. And she will be an oil slick well into her mid one hundreds. Just on the lotions and oils that she has right now there's no way she can. IE you'll never be as she she will grow go to the great shiny what what she needs no more lotion as it got so gives giver something that. Will disappear basically something that she can eat what they know me know Teague got the exact. Too much T and you're under it. Can you get rid of which are not looking shall now. I don't wanna argue that Denise I try to be respectful but it's good that time's ticking now a lot of times I'll. Like when someone comes over I'll say. Task force anti. Engadget and I'm lucky. Community so then as we have this T Mon do you mind if I get so so this entire box of gamma meal I add. Ten boxes right many make up some sort of ailment they ask that goes back adds it's a buys well. On the net that should help us out like you gave several days and policy got a race not as. I say if you don't anybody team get. If you know anybody that's had parents die. And that parents lived in that house for a long time you'll hear stories of just hell what it's like to clean out there at a garage is that doing so hired you you've got to hope. That your parents moved. Am not a few times at least you know like in their seventies or late sixties or something because they'll never have a lot of stuff. Yeah move move in their early to mid sixty's yeah yeah. And because the you know I hear all kinds of tales of people and hopefully the kind of people that aren't gonna move. Older stuff I'd I'm I'm uncle to move all this. Like is that tools and everything Andy's you know ninety targeted. Use these tools but he did stumble would die flowers so it would have been like a barn closest anyway. You know you've I'm sure we've all known people had to clean out their parents. House ganging never yeah well my mom was 64 when she moved down to Charlotte as a big nose cleaning out her storage bin that she hadn't. Physically even being in other then to add more staff. Was horrifying was a big one. It was full stop somebody nearly deputy has summoned her try not right I tried not to you could throw under all elect how he's technically. She did know was in any of those boxes Tom Kite Camelot it was where school supplies she was retired. Fair ball I'm leaning to the makings for a Spanish one bulletin board didn't. The cheeky text box yes yes he saw as a textbook no no no no they didn't put your but we gave in to. A nice. Or any language teacher Ramona new. Out who's with the dog out in the country. Unless there's this little. And an innate goodwill and attention right right well that's one of the things they say to help you. Help the person in your life get rid of stuff has offered to donate or sell the item and then maybe they'll be like dollar and helps them buddies so log Everett this clutter. And maybe look at some money that's my my best defense is saying it's going to somebody else who really need. Yeah but. Even then sometimes she's calling in and it's a rivets you know younger person to someone as your room later here. Whenever something and they say the purses as lazy doesn't Wendy clutter you can say am I gonna sell the story. Annulled they might go over that new. Actually do seller so whenever I set an example lets on innings for the most part you can't. The stuff that lady be able don't wanna pick up mostly little lullaby you have. Am I beating case but maybe you just take it away bring him back and box where at least say no one sold it it does but it. I broke I did throw it away with it. It's when he fell focus on one thing at time have you argument simulate witty and other stuff. I don't want thing that drives you crazy stick to that dialogue. And less sentimental stuff. Magazine I think and now the idea that. Yeah that doesn't work. As you what I thought I would do is I would focus on the women's world weekly magazines which by the way every single magazine is the same is. Colorful caller with somebody losing belly fat. And I ranked eight measure around there in two ways to do something seasonal every single one is the same. Mom want to save each one because there's one article in every magazine she wants you can't so I think you know what. At the article. I went out of water scrapbook. Our women's world weekly scrapbook that she could go through magazines that I article that you while think this and I butter trouble is for help. Articles. This about a week ago today. And and that was the thing go through that that one article. Written about black co hashed Keith. You know it does not work. These. Tips are for amateurs instead young wizard it never really one day like OK I use that pick at that don't. It was right. How did you get her respect her perspective and share yours. Ask them questions we knew not ridicule them here Rio why do you feel like you need to keep. We're doing which are goal for this. One was allowed to play these people have never watch orders buried alive won the last two guys you all. Bull. Our little quote collectors. Have a reason for every hundred finance and easy. Jar it had pickle could check it could hold it may not happy giving you a list of reasons now. That's more. Plastic bag that I could recycle. Eight years but the tell them what bothers you about it and say I hate it right the good reason why the enemy we finally get all the stuff now you get angry enemies saying they just makes. Is he such anxiety to see these women obliquely is just about you all and yet. I can't you know well I will do something to relieve your stress to do something to relieve. There's an assessment. You don't have you received a Baghdad is against Baghdad tells them to get up right compromise. Here you tried that should. I get it relates also say the box strict we take all the things that you think there clutter preliminary box opener at a site. And if they don't look at it and X number of times or whatever then. You go out and the storage unit didn't work. Just more stuff collected at and it was time to get rid of it she wanted to look in a and Reebok. And find a reason for an everything in day. Linehan and the in this in the and a country on this they do keep it maybe do that she said and there's a space on here is a drawer if whatever in his drawer. You can put this and this size bookshelf right medicine at this is bringing through the possibilities. You just given up. Yeah yeah I mean I thought that war I why fight it. It's off there with Matt Ramallah you guys ever think you know I have known a psychopath or a seems sick suspected something was a psychopath. Yeah do right really Anderson yeah and looked. And. And isn't it Mary do one you knew him I'll cash a right but I'm not call on the community was probably. I. No I did or not. I know I think had I known Avian arsonist. But I don't know they've gone as far as. I guess it went potentials like the past behavior for a decapitated but yeah we're talked about like a pass because the occupations with the most boring some study. Aren't. I number once CEO. Yeah I cycled past have something called a resilience to chaos. And that doesn't just mean they keep a cool head under stress they also sometimes create Havoc for everyone else. Because. It makes them look good when everybody else around him is struggling. I'm catching just kind of people they don't SEC you know could be any. Position where there's people jockeying for job or promotion under whatever but I can. Let me Soledad we're totally we had. Program director at one point you lose like that that I think that this study or whatever it is is probably. Based on. Psychopathic tendencies in and they bounce it over to what kind of job that person might do I can't imagine. Actually taken a poll of CEOs and said the oldest forms as a result of that right it. Psychopath is a very broad term also a it's a person suffering looking around chronic mental disorder. With abnormal social behavior. Are OK technically we're all cycle management yeah. Normal medium level and TV and radio came in at number three behind later when we have to begin a person's suffering from chronic mental disorder. With abnormal social behavior attacked and they say the reason why they're so many psychopath as the media. Is that second has. Oftentimes are narcissistic. Yeah but not this is then can be useful in a jogger requires a lot of public focus you might want us. A pat says a CDO. Solidarity unity right needs someone who is going to be cutthroat and it's not your throat cutting. Is it when it comes to Baghdad media people you have to become the face of pressure are you see some. Well dressed anchor who is calmly talking you through horrible tragedy like 9/11 or a school shooting. Yes but I think. Mean it's yeah it's like being. Whenever job EMT here matters whatever you're you reach your jobs are you are cool under those things because you. You've either bend their local road or you have the personality sport right right. Yeah yeah you're reporter bide. A real it person. A media person what Ralph and you didn't like you couldn't handle that kind of stuff. And the day I knew that I no longer had no longer could be. Report. That just an anchor but a reporter. Was a day I went out to cover a shooting in Columbus, Ohio where mom had shot her children and a neighbor kid. And I as I was interviewing. One of the crying neighbors. I knew that that was not the job I could do I thought it was a time it. Your friend at the gas station. Okay that too. It was a friend you're happy to go to. Yeah and I really against Asian guy who I chatted with thin. Yeah you know he's killing kids don't think he was accused of murdering his gated Villa that was the end so case of CEOs. Media people who else salespeople. Attack. Together we're a think gravesite psychopath sociopath yes sociopath. And a different. I think so here's the the economic desperate like it. Psychopaths. Feel bad about what they do sociopath does doesn't care what other. Well that's pretty low so I ask you why now open to attack. Us. That's one of the reasons why surgeons tend to make this list because you know some surgeries go well. You win some you lose them when his surgeon knows that some somebody dies oftentimes if. Yeah but I think you also have to ask who narcissism and if you're kind of playing god and kind of surge and you are right Betty and also definitely had to have that stress immunity. Yes somebody's life is resting in your hands are out now. Out of all the doctors I heard surgeons and at least. Likely to be nice I was told by a surge yet I might SA. And I mean a guy like that two million relative like they know they'll have as much empathy is a regular doctor might rise because they can't because we're constantly doing surgeries like for death. We're so super Smart. Yet that the socially or whatever yet on the other side I definitely surgeons always other surges under the bus so a lot of say it and a link on the good doctor anime favorite news. Now. Journalists. Same thing man that's the last thing news media people who are front and gang comes police officers. In time I write. Once again I grew on them to stress most of them yeah the only empower people power you're talking about here. I clergy made the because like. And they are. They are the conduit from god to somebody. So a I could be easily had an arsonist would fall into that they're they're performing onstage. They believe that they today. And not say on in this like all CEOs and arson but they believe that they are more in touch. And with god and said I'm people some not all. A very few. Give a bad name to the profession. Wind gay used religion to exploit people right. Right so whether it's for money or fame game may email or are smokers like children whatever it is. And and what it's like anything less than CO whatever obviously it's smaller percentage of them that our. Like a pass right at any of these mean all of them all CEO's or on the of people and they would Auckland and I can help you explain mice yes. Are on the lotions or pain and gas I've heard. I heard like in about you most of the standard like that Jeff did. Not lose Lindsey. Yeah aunt Ellen yeah pretty and I heard every kitchen workers got some violent social behavior. Yeah I've always heard about you know it's it I believe it's true but it's like to get every movie ever why not every movie but a lot of movies are watched like you speak. Today. So language that Leslie's those closest friends at. The Manhattan out of it out and I got the mother seven ratatouille was a very terrible. The must get the zone. And finally number ten on the list of professionals like a pass civil servants. It's government officials. Where they can never be fired. Pack and they're usually meet once again good and at races and you may have to deal is nowhere else again. So you know they hear it they can just push it about a lie and deny you whenever they've cut major power. Yeah that it's easy you know if the odds of getting fired are slim GAAP and you can make your uncles. Don't feel like given realizes this and come back at three weeks where I wanted to Jason asked them you know my mom was when forever. And Health Department right yeah that's the authors are just partners I would test. He's just a general. Thanks for listening to our fair with Matt remote check out the articles. Videos and news you heard today at 1079 no link dot com. | 2023-09-05T01:26:19.665474 | https://example.com/article/3047 |
Q:
get JSON data from RPC object php5.5
I have a RPC server class that accepts JSON data from an unspecified given 3rd party using cURL.
I can see the data hit my class, I can store a var_dump into a for what appears to be the server request, but the output looks like receiving webserver info with references to the inbound object.
But I do not see my JSON data 'foo:bar'
<?php
class jsonRPCServer {
public static function handle($object) {
if (
$_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'] != 'POST' ||
empty($_SERVER['CONTENT_TYPE']) ||
$_SERVER['CONTENT_TYPE'] != 'application/json'
) {
return false;
}
$request = json_decode(file_get_contents('php://input'),true);
$args=func_get_args();
ob_start();
var_dump($_SERVER);
$result2 = ob_get_clean();
$file = 'stripedump.txt';
$current = file_get_contents($file);
$current .= $result2;
file_put_contents($file, $current);
try {
if ($result = @call_user_func_array(array($object,$request['method']),$request['params'])) {
$response = array (
'id' => $request['id'],
'result' => $result,
'error' => NULL
);
} else {
$response = array (
'id' => $request['id'],
'result' => NULL,
'error' => 'unknown method or incorrect parameters'
);
}
} catch (Exception $e) {
$response = array (
'id' => $request['id'],
'result' => NULL,
'error' => $e->getMessage()
);
}
if (!empty($request['id'])) { // notifications don't want response
header('content-type: text/javascript');
echo json_encode($response);
}
return true;
}
}
?>
<?php
require_once 'example.php';
require_once 'jsonRPCServer.php';
$myExample = new example();
jsonRPCServer::handle($myExample)
or print 'no request';
echo '<b>Attempt to perform basic operations</b><br />'."\n";
try {
echo 'Your name is <i>'.$myExample->giveMeSomeData('name').'</i><br />'."\n";
$myExample->changeYourState('I am using this funnction from the local environement');
echo 'Your status request has been accepted<br />'."\n";
} catch (Exception $e) {
echo nl2br($e->getMessage()).'<br />'."\n";
}
var_dump($myExample);
echo '<br /><b>Attempt to store strategic data</b><br />'."\n";
try {
$myExample->writeSomething('bite me');
echo 'Strategic data succefully stored';
} catch (Exception $e) {
echo nl2br($e->getMessage());
}
?>
output from remote cURL client:
gentoo-mini htdocs # curl -X POST -H "Content-Type: application/json" -d "{foo:bar}" http://nyctelecomm.com/hooker/
<b>Attempt to perform basic operations</b><br />
Your name is <i>Bubba</i><br />
Your status request has been accepted<br />
object(example)#1 (1) {
["someData":"example":private]=>
array(2) {
["name"]=>
string(5) "Bubba"
["attr"]=>
string(17) "Some me Attribute"
}
}
<br /><b>Attempt to store strategic data</b><br />
Strategic data succefully stored
stored var_dump($_SERVER) data:
array(29) {
["HTTP_HOST"]=>
string(15) "nyccomm.com"
["HTTP_USER_AGENT"]=>
string(11) "curl/7.42.1"
["HTTP_ACCEPT"]=>
string(3) "*/*"
["CONTENT_TYPE"]=>
string(16) "application/json"
["CONTENT_LENGTH"]=>
string(1) "9"
["PATH"]=>
string(29) "/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin"
["LD_LIBRARY_PATH"]=>
string(29) "/usr/local/lib:/usr/local/lib"
["SERVER_SIGNATURE"]=>
string(0) ""
["SERVER_SOFTWARE"]=>
string(34) "Apache/2.4.12 (FreeBSD) PHP/5.6.10"
["SERVER_NAME"]=>
string(15) "nyccomm.com"
["SERVER_ADDR"]=>
string(13) "108.61.175.20"
["SERVER_PORT"]=>
string(2) "80"
["REMOTE_ADDR"]=>
string(12) "67.82.49.236"
["DOCUMENT_ROOT"]=>
string(21) "/home/www"
["REQUEST_SCHEME"]=>
string(4) "http"
["CONTEXT_PREFIX"]=>
string(0) ""
["CONTEXT_DOCUMENT_ROOT"]=>
string(21) "/home/www"
["SERVER_ADMIN"]=>
string(19) "admin@ex-mailer.com"
["SCRIPT_FILENAME"]=>
string(38) "/home/www/hooker/index.php"
["REMOTE_PORT"]=>
string(5) "52841"
["GATEWAY_INTERFACE"]=>
string(7) "CGI/1.1"
["SERVER_PROTOCOL"]=>
string(8) "HTTP/1.1"
["REQUEST_METHOD"]=>
string(4) "POST"
["QUERY_STRING"]=>
string(0) ""
["REQUEST_URI"]=>
string(8) "/hooker/"
["SCRIPT_NAME"]=>
string(17) "/hooker/index.php"
["PHP_SELF"]=>
string(17) "/hooker/index.php"
["REQUEST_TIME_FLOAT"]=>
float(1436429001.683)
["REQUEST_TIME"]=>
int(1436429001)
}
string(4) "name"
tcpdump:
00:29:06.659025 IP 192.168.0.55.52841 > 108.61.175.20.vultr.com.http: Flags [P.], seq 1:148, ack 1, win 115, options [nop,nop,TS val 2017270703 ecr 2483478707], length 147
E....A@.@.f....7l=...i.P...g.I.]...s.......
x=......POST /hooker/ HTTP/1.1
Host: nyccomm.com
User-Agent: curl/7.42.1
Accept: */*
Content-Type: application/json
Content-Length: 9
{foo:bar}
00:29:06.746198 IP 108.61.175.20.vultr.com.http > 192.168.0.55.52841: Flags [P.], seq 1:561, ack 148, win 1033, options [nop,nop,TS val 2483478793 ecr 2017270703], length 560
E..dm.@.5...l=.....7.P.i.I.]....... :......
... x=..HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Date: Thu, 09 Jul 2015 08:03:21 GMT
Server: Apache/2.4.12 (FreeBSD) PHP/5.6.10
X-Powered-By: PHP/5.6.10
Content-Length: 373
Content-Type: text/html; charset=UTF-8
<b>Attempt to perform basic operations</b><br />
Your name is <i>Bubba</i><br />
Your status request has been accepted<br />
object(example)#1 (1) {
["someData":"example":private]=>
array(2) {
["name"]=>
string(5) "Bubba"
["attr"]=>
string(17) "Some me Attribute"
}
}
<br /><b>Attempt to store strategic data</b><br />
Strategic data succefully stored
00:29:06.746271 IP 192.168.0.55.52841 > 108.61.175.20.vultr.com.http: Flags [.], ack 561, win 123, options [nop,nop,TS val 2017270790 ecr 2483478793], length 0
E..4.B@.@.gP...7l=...i.P.....I.....{.W.....
How do I access the JSON data from my inbound RPC object? (specifically 'foo:bar')
A:
This works when used all by its self
<?php
$request = file_get_contents('php://input');
$args=func_get_args();
ob_start();
var_dump($request);
$result2 = ob_get_clean();
$file = 'stripedump.txt';
$current = file_get_contents($file);
$current .= $result2;
file_put_contents($file, $current);
?>
| 2023-10-18T01:26:19.665474 | https://example.com/article/6534 |
Q:
C# nested if/else in a for loop
I have a nested if/else statement in a for loop to determine whether or a a value is valid with an array value. It returns all values just fine, however if the IF is correct, it still does the else an additional three times. I thought once it was equal one time, it would stop, but I suppose I am missing something here.
string sectionChoice;
int ticketQuantity;
double ticketPrice, totalCost;
string[] section = { "orchestra", "mezzanine", "balcony", "general" };
double[] price = { 125.25, 62.00, 35.75, 55.50 };
bool isValidSection = false;
sectionChoice = GetSection();
ticketQuantity = GetQuantity();
for (int x = 0; x < section.Length; ++x)
{
if (sectionChoice == section[x])
{
isValidSection = true;
ticketPrice = price[x];
totalCost = CalcTicketCost(ticketPrice, ticketQuantity);
Console.Write("\n\nTotal cost for the tickets are: {0:c2}", totalCost);
}
else
Console.Write("\n\nInvalid entry, {0} does not exist", sectionChoice);
}
When it is valid, it returns something like this:
Your price is 32.50. Invalid entry, x does not exist Invalid entry, x does not exist Invalid entry, x does not exist
A:
What you're really trying to do is determine if section contains a particular value, and do something if it does. Just check that directly:
if (section.Contains(sectionChoice))
You also shouldn't be using parallel arrays. Rather than having two arrays, sections an prices, in which the object at the index of each both "combine" to equal a value, it appears that what you're actually modeling is a means to lookup the price of a particular section. This is best modeled with a Dictionary that can easily look up the value for a particular key. Here your key is the section, and the value is its price.
Dictionary<string, decimal> ticketsPrices = new Dictionary<string, decimal>()
{
{"orchestra", 125.25m},
//...
};
bool isValidSection = false;
string sectionChoice = GetSection();
int ticketQuantity = GetQuantity();
if (ticketsPrices.ContainsKey(sectionChoice))
{
isValidSection = true;
decimal ticketPrice = ticketsPrices[sectionChoice];
decimal totalCost = CalcTicketCost(ticketPrice, ticketQuantity);
Console.Write("\n\nTotal cost for the tickets are: {0:c2}", totalCost);
}
else
Console.Write("\n\nInvalid entry, {0} does not exsist", sectionChoice);
A:
The keyword you are looking for is break;
break will stop the execution of the loop it is inside. If you are inside nested loops it will only work on the innermost.
The opposite of this is continue. Continue stops that iteration and moves onto the next.
Here is an MSDN article explaining it more in depth
for (int x = 0; x < section.Length; ++x)
{
if (sectionChoice == section[x])
{
isValidSection = true;
ticketPrice = price[x];
totalCost = CalcTicketCost(ticketPrice, ticketQuantity);
Console.Write("\n\nTotal cost for the tickets are: {0:c2}", totalCost);
break;
}
else
Console.Write("\n\nInvalid entry, {0} does not exsist", sectionChoice);
}
| 2024-01-28T01:26:19.665474 | https://example.com/article/1319 |
Edit This Favorite
EFT Certification Consultation with Tina Craig
One-on-one
consultation is an opportunity for you to receive individual attention
and specific feedback on your skills. It is also an opportunity for us
to be sure you meet the proficiency levels of this program. We conduct
this phase with a friendly, supportive atmosphere to eliminate the
pressure of an all-or-nothing, pass-or-fail requirement. You will have
the opportunity to redo exercises that need improvement and we will make
every effort to be sure you understand what is expected at each step.
Most
participants complete certification with an increased sense of
confidence, knowing that their skills are solid and that they can
provide their clients with the most powerful EFT tools available.
In
order to evaluate your skills with the tools you have learned, we have
designed exercises for you to complete on video with clients. Those
exercises are almost identical to the practice rounds you have completed
in the workshops, so there aren’t any big surprises. We want to see a
more refined level of skill as a result of the coaching calls and
additional practice, but the tools are the same.
Exercises at Certified Practitioner Level:
Tell the Story Technique
– Three exercises, three different clients. We expect to see a Preframe
about the EFT process, baseline testing on the presenting issue before
getting started, use Tell the Story Technique on a related event until
the intensity is clear, then re-test the presenting issue for progress.
We look for accuracy with the points, effectiveness of language, the
quality of your questions, and containment of the client’s focus. More
specific instructions will be provided for each exercise as you go
through the process.
Exercises at Certified Advanced Practitioner Level:
We expect the same level of proficiency that you developed with Tell the Story at the previous level, and add the following:
Movie Technique
– Demonstrate that you can clear an event effectively without details.
We continue to test presenting issues, then add more testing methods
including Tell the Story Technique to be sure the event is actually
clear.Tearless Trauma Technique – Demonstrate that you use language
with purpose to stay on the outskirts of a traumatic event. We follow
this with the Movie Technique on the details of the event, and then
thorough testing.
Constricted Breathing and Chasing the Pain
– Demonstrate that you can take the edge off of an event using
Constricted Breathing Technique and then work through the details of an
event with Chasing the Pain, working only with a detailed description of
physical discomfort. Again, we test completely.
With all of the above, more specific instructions will be provided once you have registered.
Charges and Logistics:
Consultation
is conducted by Tina Craig, the Director of our Program, and the fee is
$100 per hour. Including the length of the video and the time it takes
to prepare feedback, each exercise requires on average between 1.5 and
2.5 hours of consultation time. You can pay as you go, but we do require
that each new exercise is submitted within 60 days of the previous one.
Feedback
for each exercise is delivered by email attachment so that we can
maintain accurate records. If you would like to receive feedback or ask
questions by phone or Skype, that service is always available, but
please understand that we have to charge for the additional time.
Questions submitted by email about feedback are generally answered free
of charge. | 2024-03-02T01:26:19.665474 | https://example.com/article/2518 |
I was on the verge of breakthrough with my time travel experiments when my future self appeared to me, urging me to reconsider. The shock was so great that the idea, which had seemed so monumental just moments before I appeared to myself in the past, that is the present, from the future, that is the other present – the idea was driven completely from my mind. I slapped my palms against my skull, in an attempt to force the revelation back up the pipe before it trickled away completely.
“Don’t bother,” I told myself, sipping a mysterious daiquiri–a future daiquiri?– “Time travel is impossible anyway.” I had apparently taken advantage of the intervening years to cultivate a weedy little strip of a goatee, what I had heard referred to as a “soul patch.” This made it difficult to take myself seriously.
“Pardon me,” I ventured, stroking the smooth spot on my chin in a gesture of past-superiority, “but I had actually just arrived at a fairly decent working model. You see, the trick is leaving time, that is t, as a variable, but also as a constant. You just don’t solve for time, and it ceases to be a hindrance. Of course, you don’t need me to tell you this. It’s–”
“Nope,” I replied, a little too smugly for my own tastes. “It’s just not albedo.”
“Pardon?”
“It’s not albedo. Doable. Sorry. A well-documented effect of the neural chronic displacement: the subject will sometimes speak unwittingly in anagrams.”
“Oh, alright then. I thought it was some stupid future slang.”
“Redoubt.” I did a little waggling thing with my eyebrows, which I noticed were considerably bushier than my own, though I’ve never bothered with plucking or weeding. They were also arctic blonde, unlike my current ones, and actually resembled a llama pelt to a startling degree, both in consistency and in odor.
I experienced an upheaval in the region of my spleen. I would like to describe it as a sharp pain, since that is the sensation normally associated with spleen issues, but it was really lingering and nothing like pain. It was more of a harrowing of the invisible organs.
When I saw me clutching at the area below my lower left rib cage, where the spleen is known to reside, I nodded with irritating gravitas. “I suppose you could have predicted this would happen?” I shouted at myself. I nodded again, like a real bastard–incidentally, I am a real bastard, wedlock-free child of a feckless roustabout and a really quite penitent Sister of the Church–but I have never acted like one. I was beginning to like myself less and less. “So what, is this one of the unpleasant, possibly moribund side effects of time travel?” I asked.
I shook my farcical head, which, I now noticed through bleared vision, was, though identical to my present physiognomy–minus the stupid ursine patches of shag, like some caveman display of testosterone–swollen to about 113% of its usual size. It was tethered to my shoulders like an unshorn zeppelin. “I told you,” I explained sanctimoniously, “time travel is impossible. This is probably an adverse reaction to the cytotoxins in my futuristic daiquiri.”
“But I haven’t been drinking the daiquiri,” I pointed out.
“Yes I have.” It was difficult to argue with this.
“Okay,” I tried again, switching tactics. My left side, which felt as though it had been pierced with a lance or a poleaxe, was leaking some sort of lime-green mucus, apparently directly through the pores. This didn’t seem promising; it was really a disgustingly unnatural shade of green. “So I have been drinking the daiquiri. But I haven’t been drinking it. Personally. So why am I being effected, and not myself, when I’m the one who’s actually been drinking it?”
I’ll admit that I could probably have worded this better; still, it was somewhat discouraging to see how long it took me to work it out, susurrating the entire time, my lips wriggling wordlessly like fat maggots. After several excruciating minutes, my stupid gibbous face settled into an easy grin. “Well, it’s all pretty right forward sat, isn’t it? Impels, I mean. Not a problem. See, I’m in the past, aren’t I?” I shrugged noncommittally. “Well, it follows that anything I do in the past will affect my past self, right? And since I’m from the future, nothing bad can possibly happen to me in the past, right? Or else I wouldn’t survive to make it to the future. So I’m immune, obviously.”
I pretended to pick lint off my argyle sweater. It was a feeble feint, since the foul-smelling green stain, which was actually starting to turn orange as it dried, had rendered any such minute cultivations superfluous. It was amazing, what a hamfist I was when it came to temporal matters. I think looking down at my sweater upset my equilibrium, because when I looked up again, I was on the ground. From this vantage, I could now appreciate the pretentious future cleats that I was wearing. They buckled directly to my pants, except the buckles weren’t real buckles, just Velcro made to look like buckles. I watched as I pulled a future-spanner from my future-vest, which wasn’t argyle at all but was decorated with dizzying swirls of mauve and taupe, and two little spigots above the nipples. As I observed myself from the floor, I began to attack the radiator with my future-spanner, which looked suspiciously like a normal spanner wrapped in aluminum foil. | 2023-08-26T01:26:19.665474 | https://example.com/article/7214 |
Osteoporosis Knowledge and Health Beliefs Among Men in Midlife Years.
To examine the role of socioeconomic variables on middle-aged adult men's knowledge and health beliefs about osteoporosis. An anonymous survey used validated scales to assess osteoporosis knowledge and health beliefs in a sample of 262 men aged 36-55 years. Descriptive and group-differences statistics (MANOVA and ANOVA) were used. Total osteoporosis knowledge was low (mean, 11.1 of 22) and mean scores on perceived susceptibility and seriousness health belief domains were also low: 13.2 and 17.2, respectively out of 30. Multivariate ANOVA revealed that perceived seriousness, barriers to calcium intake, and health motivation varied significantly with level of formal education attained (P < .05). There was no significant difference with income. Results of this convenience sample of predominantly white men found that level of osteoporosis knowledge and perceived susceptibility were low. Given the increased prevalence of osteoporosis-related fracture in men, methods to increase knowledge and awareness are needed. | 2023-12-23T01:26:19.665474 | https://example.com/article/2882 |
The husband of White House counselor Kellyanne Conway Kellyanne Elizabeth ConwaySpecial counsel investigating DeVos for potential Hatch Act violation: report George and Kellyanne Conway honor Ginsburg Trump carries on with rally, unaware of Ginsburg's death MORE shared a link to Federal Election Commission (FEC) rules after it was revealed that President Trump Donald John TrumpOmar fires back at Trump over rally remarks: 'This is my country' Pelosi: Trump hurrying to fill SCOTUS seat so he can repeal ObamaCare Trump mocks Biden appearance, mask use ahead of first debate MORE reimbursed his personal attorney for paying adult-film star Stormy Daniels hush money.
George Conway tweeted the link, which points to rules on personal loans.
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"If any person, including a relative or friend of the candidate, gives or loans the candidate money 'for the purpose of influencing any election for federal office,' the funds are not considered personal funds of the candidate even if they are given to the candidate directly," the FEC rules read.
"Instead, the gift or loan is considered a contribution from the donor to the campaign, subject to the per-election limit and reportable by the campaign. This is true even if the candidate uses the funds for personal living expenses while campaigning."
His tweet comes after former New York City Mayor Rudy Giuliani (R), a recent addition to Trump's legal team, said Wednesday that Trump reimbursed his personal attorney Michael Cohen the $130,000 paid to Daniels ahead of the 2016 presidential election to stay quiet about their alleged affair.
Giuliani’s comment contradicted prior claims from Trump that he had no knowledge of the payment and did not know the source of the money.
Trump responded in a series of tweets Thursday morning, defending the payment and asserting it was a personal loan and not at all related to the campaign.
Conway, unlike his wife, who formerly ran Trump's campaign and who remains a top media booster of the president, is a frequent critic of Trump on Twitter.
Conway has publicly maintained his support for Trump and his policies in public interviews and postings. | 2024-01-15T01:26:19.665474 | https://example.com/article/7332 |
Gift certificates to various stores or restaurants are a popular gift idea for birthdays or the holidays. They allow the sender to give a gift from a store at which the sender knows the recipient enjoys shopping, while relieving the sender of the burden of selecting a specific item of the right size or according to the tastes of the recipient. A gift certificate to a restaurant enables the recipient to enjoy a meal at the selected restaurant with whomever the recipient chooses. Gift certificates may be purchased in incremental amounts as determined by the vendor, or in any amount desired by the purchaser.
In the prior art, gift certificates were essentially a paper-based, printed IOU issued by the store, and coming in a variety of different shapes and sizes, according to the preferences of the vendor. Typically, the gift certificate was presented to the recipient in a matching envelope from the vendor, along with a greeting card appropriate for the occasion as selected by the sender.
Recently, the gift certificates issued by many retailers, merchants, service providers, etc. have evolved into a form similar to debit cards, having a magnetic stripe, bar code, or other read/write capability. The new generation of gift certificates are more uniformly sized and shaped similarly to credit/debit cards and are “refillable,” so as to be reusable by the recipient as an access card for a pre-paid, declining balance-type account. Moreover, the capability to automatically update the value of the card enables the vendor to avoid having to issue a new or replacement certificate, or to cash out any remainder if the recipient does not use the whole amount at once. | 2024-06-03T01:26:19.665474 | https://example.com/article/9390 |
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| 2024-05-07T01:26:19.665474 | https://example.com/article/5568 |
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