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<html>
<head>
<title>Book Errata - The Spin Model Checker</title>
</head>
<h3>Typos found in the first printing (August 2003)</h3>
<font face=helvetica,arial>
<ul>
<li>p. vi chapter 8 topic listings, Breath-First -> Breadth-First</li>
<li>p. 2 line 16 "always explicitly" -> "usually"</li>
<li>p. 3 figure 1.1 is mirror reversed</li>
<li>p. 4 the website crashdatabas.com no longer seems to exist</li>
<li>p. 20 See note (*) below, provided by Heikki Tauriainen (Feb 1, 2006).
<li>p. 22 6th line from the bottom: "if" -> "of"</li>
<li>p. 25 4th line from the bottom: "variable in" -> "variable cnt"</li>
<li>p. 26 10th line from bottom: "set to false" -> "set to true"</li>
<li>p. 27 an error slipped into Figure 2.6. The fragment
<pre>
M?data -> /* receive data */
do
:: W!data /* send data */
:: W!shutup; /* or shutdown */
break
od
</pre>
is an unfortunate last-minute rewrite of the originally intended version:
<pre>
do
:: M?data -> W!data
:: M?data -> W!shutup;
break
od
</pre>
The behavior is of course not equivalent.
In particular, the version in the book cannot create the error scenario
given on page 29, but the intended version can.</li>
<li>p. 33 8th line from bottom: "the specification" -> "the specification of"</li>
<li>p. 33 3rd line from bottom: "functions pointers" -> "function pointers</li>
<li>p. 41 "1 <= n <= 32" -> "1 <= n < 32".</li>
<li>p. 43 appel -> apple</li>
<li>p. 52 11th line from the top: "p. 39." -> "p. 38."</li>
<li>p. 69 bottom line: "exclusive read and exclusive write" -> "exclusive receive and exclusive send"</li>
<li>p. 75 and 548 Goldstein -> Goldstine</li>
<li>p. 81 and 271 pan.trail -> fair.pml.trail</li>
<li>p. 81 3rd line from the bottom: "trace fpr" -> "trace for"</li>
<li>p. 82 18th line from the bottom: "process than" -> "process that"</li>
<li>p. 92 4th line from bottom: "Even traces" -> "Event traces"</li>
<li>p. 96 middle of page identify -> identity</li>
<li>p. 96 l. -6, for -> by</li>
<li>p. 111 below figure 5.4: "f==free" -> "f=free"</li>
<li>p. 119 12th line from the bottom; "xDm" -> "Dm"</li>
<li>p. 121 figure 5.8, in captions on bottom two figures: "p" -> "q"</li>
<li>p. 137 14th line from bottom (first rule in list): first 3 chars in wrong font</li>
<li>p. 139 last line; italic P -> roman P</li>
<li>p. 142 3rd line from bottom: "reach" -> "reached"</li>
<li>p. 142 5th line from bottom: omit comma</li>
<li>p. 148 middle of the page: "can be express" -> "can be expressed"</li>
<li>p. 149 5th line from bottom: "eventually always" -> "always eventually"</li>
<li>p. 150 replace "it is impossible for p to hold only in even steps in a run, but never at odd steps"
with "it is possible for p to hold in even steps in a run, but it is not possible for p to hold in odd steps"</li>
<li>p. 150 Omega-Regular Properties, line 1: "that" -> "than"</li>
<li>p. 158 middle of page: redundant space after "("</li>
<li>p. 168 the list of properties given for < and > is not exhaustive</li>
<li>p. 174 11th line from bottom: "but" -> "by"</li>
<li>p. 177 Procedure Search() in Figure 8.6 is incorrect. A corrected version is:
<pre>
Search()
{
while (Empty_Queue(D) == false)
{ s = Del_Queue(D)
for each (s,1,s') member A.T
if In_Statespace(V, s') == false
{ Add_Statespace(V, s')
Add_Queue(D, s')
}
}
}
</pre>
</li>
<li>p. 178 2nd line from top: "at state" -> "at each state", "of each state" -> "of that state"</li>
<li>p. 179 lead -> led</li>
<li>p. 180 before first 'if' stmnt inside for loop add: if (toggle == true)</li>
<li>p. 185 Fig. 8.10, circle at s^{1}_{2} should be dotted</li>
<li>p. 187 line -11: "interative" -> "iterative"</li>
<li>p. 188 replace "(RxB)+(k+2)" with "Rx(B+k+2)"</li>
<li>p. 193 Fig. 9.2, the two circles labeled 0,1,0 should be dashed</li>
<li>p. 193 7th line from bottom: "g=g*2," -> "g=g*2."</li>
<li>p. 196 line -9: "control control" -> "control"</li>
<li>p. 204 last line, "to 133 seconds" -> "to 53 seconds"</li>
<li>p. 208 a goof: m changes from bits to bytes between 2nd and 3rd paragraph</li>
<li>p. 209 in first two formulas: (1-1/m) sup {kr}.</li>
<li>p. 211 3rd line from below: probabilitie -> probabilities</li>
<li>p. 212 line -2: "ration" -> "ratio"</li>
<li>p. 214 A formal -> Formal</li>
<li>p. 216 1st-2nd line: 'collissions' -> 'collisions'</li>
<li>p. 219 last paragraph: missing right parenthesis</li>
<li>p. 228 Celcius -> Celsius</li>
<li>p. 228 in the list at the bottom: there are just 6 entries with 'keep' as a target</li>
<li>p. 237 12th line from below: "postive" -> "zero".</li>
<li>p. 237 4th line from below: "unsound" -> "incomplete".</li>
<li>p. 238 knifes -> knives</li>
<li>p. 241 7th line from bottom: "world0" -> "world\n"</li>
<li>p. 243 Pressburger -> Presburger</li>
<li>p. 251 Selet -> Select</li>
<li>p. 262 10th line from bottom: "do to" -> "due to"</li>
<li>p. 272 an basic -> a basic</li>
<li>p. 272 "As a special feature [...], if the statement" omit "if"</li>
<li>p. 279 "#define q" -> "#define r"
<!--
<li>p. 280 (strong) -> (weak)</li>
-->
<li>p. 281 Automata View -> Automaton View</li>
<li>p. 283 The correct wording of the quote from Willem L. van der Poel, as corrected by its author:
<pre>"There are no wrong programs, it simply is another program."</pre>
(email from the author, Feb 1, 2006).
<li>p. 284 8th line from bottom: omit "blue"</li>
<li>p. 287 6th line from top: omit "blue"</li>
<li>p. 307 top of page: "ringtone" -> "ring tone" </li>
<li>p. 307 top of page: "dialtone" -> "dial tone"</li>
<li>p. 307 top of page: "notone" -> "no tone"</li>
<!-- <li>p. 332 3rd line from bottom: UTS without a trademark (see also next page, 1x)</li> -->
<li>p. 333 11th line from top: "and early version" -> "an early version"</li>
<li>p. 338 the line numbered [19] is actually from the FIX</li>
<li>p. 339 6th line from below: pid 1 -> pid 0</li>
<li>p. 393 2nd line from top: "innermostn" -> "innermost"</li>
<li>p. 341 10th line from top: "body ," -> "body,"</li>
<li>p. 346 identificatio -> identification</li>
<li>p. 346 middle of the page: "tranaction" -> "transaction"</li>
<li>p. 349 55 is not the integer square root of either 1024 or 3601.</li>
<li>p. 356 n=1<<30 does not fail on all systems</li>
<li>p. 359 Fig. 15.8: what looks like commas are really single quotes</li>
<li>p. 359 Fig. 15.8: the automaton fails to detect strings that start inside a comment;</li>
unfortunate given the example that also appears on this page...</li>
<li>p. 365 the grammar listing misses productions for inlines</li>
<li>p. 365 [active] PROCTYPE -> [active ['[' const ']']] PROCTYPE</li>
<li>p. 367 "PRINT" -> "PRINTF"</li>
<li>p. 369 in PREDEFINED: "373last" -> "374"</li>
<li>p. 369 in PREDEFINED: "373nr_pr" -> "376"</li>
<li>p. 369 5th line from bottom: "special case" -> "special cases"</li>
<li>p. 370 8th line from bottom: "p.272" -> "p. 272"</li>
<li>p. 370 2nd line from bottom: "(434)" -> "(p. 434)"</li>
<li>p. 370 2nd line from bottom: "(p, 483)" -> "(p. 483)"</li>
<li>p. 371 2nd line from top: "Two" -> "Three"</li>
<li>p. 371 9th line from top: "or both of the above two" -> "of the above" </li>
<li>p. 374 11th line from bottom: "from into" -> "to"</li>
<li>p. 376 5th line from bottom: "at 256" -> "at 255"</li>
<li>p. 377 5th line in DESCRIPTION: "process" -> "processes"</li>
<li>p. 381 4th line from bottom: "four process" -> "four processes"</li>
<li>p. 381 3rd line from bottom: "to three" -> "to four"</li>
<li>p. 390 9th line from bottom: "recepient" -> "recipient"</li>
<li>p. 393 10th line from bottom: "label L1" -> "label L2"
<li>p. 395 6th line from top: "multiple field" -> "multiple fields"</li>
<li>p. 397 4th line from top: "the the" -> "the"</li>
<li>p. 398 11th line from bottom: redundant space after "("</li>
<li>p. 402 7th line from top, "accidentily" -> "accidentally"</li>
<li>p. 404 mixed fonts in Table</li>
<li>p. 404 5th line from bottom: "the fact the" -> "the fact that the"</li>
<li>p. 407 in Notes, 2nd line: "tha" -> "that"</li>
<li>p. 408 "(x < 0)" -> "(x <= 0)"</li>
<li>p. 411 last line: "ltl len" -> "ltl, len"</li>
<li>p. 425 11th line from top: "followin" -> "following"</li>
<li>p. 440 11th line from top: "equivalents" -> "equivalent"</li>
<li>p. 441 middle of page: "LTL formula" -> "LTL formulae"</li>
<li>p. 446 10th line from top: "equivalents" -> "equivalent"</li>
<li>p. 450 last example in notes should be: atomic { P && qname?[ack,var] -> qname?ack,var }</li>
<li>p. 452 15th line from bottom: "will included" -> "will be included"</li>
<li>p. 455 5th line from top: "restrction" -> "restriction"</li>
<li>p. 456 middle of page: "type main" -> "type fact"</li>
<li>p. 456 12th line from bottom: "2,147,483,648" ->"2,147,483,647"</li>
<li>p. 456 10th line from bottom: 13! = 6,227,020,800 (and so even 13! > 2^31-1)</li>
<li>p. 464 9th line from bottom: "just and safe" -> "justified and safe" (2x)</li>
<li>p. 466 1st line in EFFECT: "to the" -> "of the" </li>
<li>p. 476 in EXAMPLES (2x): "b = a" -> "b = tmp"</li>
<li>p. 479 7th line from top: "can are" -> "are"</li>
<li>p. 496 6th line: "in in" -> "in"</li>
<li>p. 498 2nd line from bottom: "coord.trail" -> "example.trail"</li>
<li>p. 509 13th line from bottom: "known the" -> "known. The"</li>
<li>p. 512 middle of page: "an pointer" -> "a pointer"</li>
<li>p. 518 l -8, most -> must</li>
<li>p. 519 l -10, -rthis -> -r, this</li>
<li>p. 521 5th line from bottom: "substitions" -> "substitutions"</li>
<li>p. 528 under basic options -DBFS, "reducting" -> "reducing"</li>
<li>p. 532 under -DSDUMP, replace "-DCHECK" with: "-DVERBOSE or -DDEBUG"</li>
<li>p. 532 under -DSVDUMP, replace "a file named svdump" with "a file with extension .svd"</li>
<li>p. 541 11th line from bottom: "-a" in wrong font</li>
<li>p. 543 middle of page: "two for processes" -> "three for processes"</li>
<li>p. 547 Americans would put "Dijkstra" above "Dillon" in alphabetical order. Dutchmen, though, recognize the "ij" as a single letter, and place "Dijkstra" below "Doran" as shown. Dijkstra was, of course, a Dutchman...</li>
<li>p. 547 Entry for Emerson: "model logic" -> "modal logic"</li>
<li>p. 553 13th line from bottom: "to represents" -> "to represent"</li>
<li>p. 554 10th line from top: "product" -> "products"</li>
<li>p. 561 DEADLOCK DETECTION, 1st line: "is system" -> "is a system"</li>
<li>p. 561 10th line from bottom: replace "invalid endstate" with "valid endstate", and replace the subsentence after the comma with: "from which we can derive the definition of an invalid endstate, matching Spin's formalization of a system deadlock. In an invalid endstate at least one process has not reached its closing curly brace or a state marked with an endstate label."</li>
<li>p. 565 4th line from top: "andq, r" -> "q and r"</li>
<li>p. 566 define BDD (Binary Decision Diagram) and NP (Non-deterministic Polynomial)</li>
<li>p. 572 l 8, wil -> will</li>
<li>p. 575 10th line from bottom should be: spin -a -m ex2</li>
<li>p. 575 9th line from bottom should be: cc -DPC -DBITSTATE -DSAFETY -o pan pan.c</li>
<li>p. 577 C.9., 1st line: "an little" -> "a little"</li>
<li>p. 579 5th line from top: "these tool" -> "these tools"</li>
</ul>
</font>
<hr>
Statistics:
The list above contains
roughly 128 reported typos and goofs in the first printing of the book.
There are approximately 340K words in the book, giving 1 reported defect
per 2,650 words written. At and average of 10 words per sentence, this is
about 4 reported defects per 1,000 sentences in the book, which is roughly
on par with a reasonably good software development process of 1-10 residual
defects (<em>after</em> testing) per 1,000 lines of non-comment source code written.
As in software, the number of reported defects depends both on the number of
latent defects <em>and</em> on the number of users/readers
(i.e., unread books will have no reported typos...).
<hr>
Note (*) on the example used on p. 20, provided by Heikki Tauriainen.
<pre>
Date: Wed, 01 Feb 2006 21:10:54 +0200 (EET)
From: heikki.tauriainen [atsign] tkk [dot] fi
Subject: Spin book: Doran & Thomas's mutual exclusion algorithm
Dear Dr. Holzmann,
Keijo Heljanko and I are giving at Helsinki University of Technology
a basic course on parallel and distributed systems, using Spin for
examples on model checking. To demonstrate using the tool, we
considered Dekker's mutual exclusion algorithm found in your Spin
book (p. 20) and the variant of the algorithm by Doran and Thomas
mentioned on p. 22.
According to the Spin book, Doran and Thomas's algorithm can be
obtained from Dekker's algorithm by simply changing the outer do-loop
of the algorithm into an if-selection, and this change is claimed to
preserve the correctness of the algorithm. This doesn't, however,
seem to be the case, as the verification results using the Promela
models distributed in the package
<http://spinroot.com/spin/Doc/Book_extras/examples.tar.gz> were
somewhat unexpected (unless, of course, the models in the package are
deliberately faulty). I'm referring to the file CH2/mutex.pml in the
package.
The Promela model uses a preprocessor directive (DORAN) to choose
between the algorithm with the do-loop and the algorithm with the
if-selection. Verifying the model with the do-loop indeed gives the
expected result (no assertion violations). Firstly, however, Spin
doesn't directly accept the model of the variant of the algorithm:
$ spin -DDORAN -a mutex.pml
spin: line 30 "mutex.pml", Error: misplaced break statement saw '-2'' near 'break'
$
After the obvious change of making the 'break' keyword at line 30
apply only to the variant with the do-loop, that is, changing lines
29--35 to read
:: else ->
#ifdef DORAN
fi;
#else
break
od;
#endif
and then verifying the mutual exclusion algorithm gives, however,
the following (unexpected) result:
$ spin -DDORAN -a mutex.pml
$ gcc -o -DBFS -o pan pan.c
$ ./pan
pan: assertion violated (cnt==1) (at depth 9)
pan: wrote mutex.pml.trail
(Spin Version 4.2.6 -- 27 October 2005)
Warning: Search not completed
+ Using Breadth-First Search
+ Partial Order Reduction
Full statespace search for:
never claim - (none specified)
assertion violations +
cycle checks - (disabled by -DSAFETY)
invalid end states +
State-vector 20 byte, depth reached 9, errors: 1
56 states, stored
56 nominal states (stored-atomic)
32 states, matched
88 transitions (= stored+matched)
0 atomic steps
hash conflicts: 0 (resolved)
2.302 memory usage (Mbyte)
$ spin -DDORAN -p -t mutex.pml
Starting mutex with pid 0
Starting mutex with pid 1
1: proc 1 (mutex) line 11 "mutex.pml" (state 1) [i = _pid]
1: proc 1 (mutex) line 12 "mutex.pml" (state 2) [j = (1-_pid)]
2: proc 0 (mutex) line 11 "mutex.pml" (state 1) [i = _pid]
2: proc 0 (mutex) line 12 "mutex.pml" (state 2) [j = (1-_pid)]
3: proc 1 (mutex) line 14 "mutex.pml" (state 3) [flag[i] = 1]
4: proc 1 (mutex) line 29 "mutex.pml" (state 12) [else]
5: proc 1 (mutex) line 37 "mutex.pml" (state 15) [cnt = (cnt+1)]
6: proc 0 (mutex) line 14 "mutex.pml" (state 3) [flag[i] = 1]
7: proc 0 (mutex) line 21 "mutex.pml" (state 4) [(flag[j])]
8: proc 0 (mutex) line 27 "mutex.pml" (state 9) [else]
9: proc 0 (mutex) line 37 "mutex.pml" (state 15) [cnt = (cnt+1)]
spin: trail ends after 9 steps
#processes: 2
turn = 0
flag[0] = 1
flag[1] = 1
cnt = 2
9: proc 1 (mutex) line 38 "mutex.pml" (state 16)
9: proc 0 (mutex) line 38 "mutex.pml" (state 16)
2 processes created
$
Trying to find a reason for this unexpected result, I compared the
model with the algorithm in Doran and Thomas's original article [1].
It appears that the model in fact differs from that algorithm
(repeated below from [1], Fig. 1)
Process A Process B
1. A_needs := true; B_needs := true;
2. if B_needs then begin if A_needs then begin
3. if turn = 'B' then begin if turn = 'A' then begin
4. A_needs := false; B_needs := false;
5. wait until turn = 'A'; wait until turn = 'B';
6. A_needs := true; B_needs := true;
7. end; end;
8. wait until !B_needs; wait until !A_needs;
9. end; end;
10. CRITICAL SECTION CRITICAL SECTION
11. turn := 'B'; turn := 'A';
12. A_needs := false; B_needs := false;
13. NON-CRITICAL SECTION NON-CRITICAL SECTION
In particular, the Promela model has no corresponding construct for
line 8 of this algorithm, which appears to be critical to its
correctness: changing the outer if-selection to read
if
:: flag[j] ->
if
:: turn == j ->
flag[i] = false;
!(turn == j);
flag[i] = true
:: else
fi;
(!flag[j]); /* needed for correctness */
:: else ->
fi;
fixes the error. However, it is not sufficient to simply
replace the do-loop with an if-selection, although the wording
on page 22 of the Spin book can be interpreteted to suggest
otherwise (at least both I and Keijo were surprised, that's why
we decided to write this report).
(The example file suggests that the model is taken from the book
[2] instead of directly from Doran and Thomas's original article [1].
As a matter of fact, this book---at least its English translation---contains the same error. This is probably also the
reason why the model is faulty.)
Best regards,
Heikki Tauriainen
References:
[1] R. W. Doran and L. K. Thomas. Variants of the software solution to
mutual exclusion. Information Processing Letters 10(4--5):206--208,
1980.
[2] M. Raynal. Algorithms for mutual exclusion. North Oxford Academic
Publishers Ltd., 1986.
</pre>
<hr>
<a href="http://spinroot.com/spin/Doc/Book_extras/index.html">book home page</a>
<br>
<a href="http://spinroot.com/spin/">Spin home page</a>
<hr>
<font size=2>Last updated: 1 February 2006</font>
</html>
| 2024-07-11T01:27:17.760571 | https://example.com/article/5695 |
Joker , one of the most popular films of 2019 , will be returning to theaters for one week, according to an announcement from Warner Bros. Todd Phillips' Joker will head back to theaters from January 17-24 after the film received 11 nominations for the Academy Awards.
Nominees: Best Movie of 2019 11 IMAGES
According to Warner Bros.' Jeff Goldstein, the Joker is returning to theaters so that those who missed out on it will have a chance to see the film on the big screen in time for awards season. “With the continued interest in Joker as a result of its recognition during this exciting awards season, we wanted to give audiences the chance to see the film on the big screen, whether for the first time or again," said Goldstein.As reported by Superherohype , the Joker has earned a total of $1.06 billion since it's release, despite working with a $55 million budget.Phillips' Joker received multiple awards nominations, including a Golden Globe nomination for Best Picture and Best Original Score — Phillips also received a Best Director nomination along with Best Performance by an Actor for Joaquin Phoenix from the Golden Globes. Furthermore, the film received nominations from the Screenwriters Guild BAFTA , and eleven Oscar nominations The Joker was one of IGN's best-reviewed movies of 2019 and won the People's Choice Award for the Best Movie of 2019 . There has been some talk about a Joker sequel , but nothing has been confirmed yet.While you're waiting for the Joker to return to theaters, check out Margot Robbie's explanation of how the upcoming Bird's of Prey film differs from the Joker
Andrew Smith is a freelance contributor with IGN. Follow him on Twitter @_andrewsmith | 2024-07-14T01:27:17.760571 | https://example.com/article/9673 |
Tax credits should create jobs, not 'zones': Editorial
Argument over the fate of the state's enterprise zone program is so fierce it's easy to miss this truth: Tax credits for underemployed workers aren't going anywhere.
Or they are, just not in the way enterprise zone supporters claim. Gov. Jerry Brown has proposed eliminating the enterprise zones because he and others believe the program is little more than a shell game. Enterprise zones were created in the mid-1980s as a way to encourage business development and job growth in economically depressed areas of the state. For years, Brown and others say, enterprise zones have benefited some communities at the expense of others by moving jobs from city to city.
Under his proposal, enterprise zones would be dismantled but the program's tax incentives would remain -- rebranded, refocused and available to a larger pool of companies. Moving jobs from city to city shouldn't be the point of the program, Brown correctly points out, but the state still has an interest in putting paychecks in the hands of underemployed workers.
That's what should make it possible for supporters of reasonable government reform to endorse Brown's plan, outlined in Senate Bill 434. State legislators should get on board as they finalize the budget this week.
Currently, enterprise zones across the state offer businesses tax breaks for hiring and capital investments. In Los Angeles, Long Beach, Pasadena and San Bernardino, for example, businesses in enterprise zones have benefited from tax credits of $37,000 per qualified employee -- those who meet one of 11 criteria established by the state.
Under the governor's proposal, the $750 million enterprise zone program would be dismantled but those dollars would be rebranded in a new program providing hiring and capital-improvement tax breaks to companies statewide.Sounds an awful lot like the current program, no? The difference -- and it's important to the state's long-term economic outlook -- is that hiring credits under the new plan would not be retroactive. Enterprise zone supporters argue that extending the credits retroactively aids with employee retention, but Brown is right when he says tax incentives should support job growth. That's what his reforms would ensure.
And communities with high unemployment and poverty -- cities like San Bernardino, which the enterprise zones were truly meant to help -- will continue to be supported by the revamped program. Brown plans to make tax credits available to companies anywhere that hire workers (veterans, the long unemployed and those collecting public assistance, especially) living in such neighborhoods. The enterprise zone program has done some great things in the state's more depressed communities. But it's also had its share of problems, including lax oversight and questionable management of the state's precious tax dollars, as The Sacramento Bee recently detailed. (Tax breaks for strip clubs? Yes. That happened.)Supporters' criticisms of the governor's plan gloss over these very real concerns in favor of maintaining the status quo -- because that's worked out so well for California in the past, right?
Reforms proposed for enterprise zones are practical and fall in line with Brown's efforts to streamline state government. Overhauling the bureaucracy while protecting benefits for those who truly need assistance is a sound plan. Lawmakers should give it their full support. | 2023-09-03T01:27:17.760571 | https://example.com/article/2671 |
If you come across a symbol you’ve never seen before, or you want to look up the unicode for a certain symbol, it may be a small challenge to search for it if you’re not entirely sure of its name. Mausr lets you draw the symbol instead, then identifies it based on your drawing.
The open source web app allows you to draw with your mouse or trackpad to look up certain symbols. You don’t have to draw in a single stroke—it refreshes as you go. Once you submit your drawing, Mausr gives you several options of what the symbol could be. Its developer explains:
Have you ever wanted to easily find any unicode symbol like →, ×, ≠, ℝ, or »...Just sketch the symbol you are looking for and half a second later you have it ready for copy-paste along with some useful infromation.
Mausr stands for Marek’s Unicode Symbols Recognizer and I created it because I was frustrated by googling unicode symbols around. First it was only small C# program but then I realized that it can be actually usefull for everybody. So I extended the library with simple web interface and after few weeks the first version was published
It includes over 100 symbols in its database and you can check it out for yourself at the link below. | 2023-12-27T01:27:17.760571 | https://example.com/article/1193 |
All relevant data are within the paper and its Supporting Information files.
Introduction {#sec005}
============
Macrophagic myofasciitis (MMF) is a longstanding inflammatory lesion found at deltoid muscle biopsy assessing persistence of aluminum hydroxide adjuvant particles within macrophages following intramuscular vaccine injections (\#ORPHA592, [http://www.orpha.net](http://www.orpha.net/)) \[[@pone.0128353.ref001],[@pone.0128353.ref002]\]. Clinical manifestations associated with MMF typically include arthromyalgias and chronic fatigue, occurring several months or years after the last vaccine injection \[[@pone.0128353.ref003]--[@pone.0128353.ref005]\]. A majority of patients complain of cognitive dysfunction, combining impaired visual memory, dysexecutive syndrome and alteration of dichotic listening \[[@pone.0128353.ref006]\]. This MMF-associated cognitive dysfunction (MACD), is distinct from non-specific impairment observed in other arthromyalgic conditions and is not simply attributable to chronic pain, fatigue and depression. It resembles that observed upon chronic exposure to aluminum particles and in patients infected by hepatitis C virus or human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) \[[@pone.0128353.ref006]\]. At follow-up, it appears stable over time, both in structure and severity \[[@pone.0128353.ref007]\].
This cognitive dysfunction suggests underlying cortico-subcortical brain lesions, possibly of inflammatory or toxic origin. Experimental data evidenced that after parenteral injections of aluminum hydroxide, aluminum particles can translocate into the brain tissue where they remain trapped \[[@pone.0128353.ref008]--[@pone.0128353.ref011]\]. Inorganic particulate materials can be transported by monocyte-lineage cells to distant tissues, and, similarly to HIV, may use MCP1-dependent monocyte transmigration across the blood-brain barrier to enter the brain \[[@pone.0128353.ref011],[@pone.0128353.ref012]\]. Interestingly, patients with MMF display selective increase of circulating MCP1 levels, which could make them prone to progressively accumulate aluminum in brain and develop low-noise neurotoxicity \[[@pone.0128353.ref013]\]. However, to date, there is no pathological or radiological evidence for brain damages specifically associated with MMF \[[@pone.0128353.ref014]\]. In particular, except in the subset of patients who have co-occurring multiple sclerosis, standard MR brain imaging failed to explain cognitive dysfunctions in MMF, and, to our knowledge, no post-mortem brain examination of MMF patient has been reported so far.
Brain perfusion SPECT is routinely used to evaluate cognitive dysfunctions. Purpose of the present exploratory study was to investigate whether a substrate of brain perfusion may be identified, in correlation with neurospychological alteration in a large series of MMF patients with varying degrees of MACD.
Materials and Methods {#sec006}
=====================
Patients {#sec007}
--------
The study population included 76 consecutive patients with histopathological features of MMF at muscle biopsy and a cognitive complain, followed in the Garches-Necker-Mondor-Hendaye reference center for rare neuromuscular diseases. Mean age was 49 ± 10 y, sex ratio 21 men/55 women, and mean socio-cultural level (years of education after highschool) 4.9 ± 1.3 y. All but 4 patients were right handed. Patients presented with MACD of varying severity and underwent both brain perfusion SPECT and neuropsychological testing within 1.3 ± 5.5 mo from each other, as standard care and in accordance with current national regulations (verbal informed consent was obtained and reported in patient medical records). Collection and analysis of data was retrospective and performed after de-identification. This non-interventional study was approved by our IRB in its present form on December 18, 2013 (Comité de Protection des Personnes Ile-de-France VI), and written consent was waived.
Brain perfusion scans {#sec008}
---------------------
Patients underwent brain perfusion SPECT 30 min after intravenous injection of 740 MBq ^99m^Tc-ethylcysteinate dimer (ECD), at rest, in a dimly lit room. Images were acquired on a dual-headed Axis γ-camera (Philips, DaBest, The Netherlands) equipped with high-resolution collimators. They consisted of 120 projections of 14 s each and were reconstructed into transaxial image volumes using an ordered subset expectation maximization algorithm with 4 iterations, followed by Butterworth filtering (order 4, cutoff 0.35 cycles/pixel), and Chang attenuation correction.
Neuropsychological Testing {#sec009}
--------------------------
Patients underwent a comprehensive battery of neuropsychological tests exploring specific MACD domains ([Table 1](#pone.0128353.t001){ref-type="table"}). Assessment of executive functions included tests exploring, working memory (backward digit span, letter-number sequencing part of the Wechsler adult intelligence scale \[WAIS-III\], the Brown-Peterson paradigm, and Zazzo cancellation tests), flexibility (Trail Making Test B), inhibition (Stroop test) and planning (Rey-Osterrieth complex figure copy and image arrangement of the WAIS-III). Attention was explored by the Zazzo cancellation tests. Short-term visual memory was assessed the Benton Visual Retention Test and long-term visual memory by the Rey-Osterrieth delayed recall. Immediate verbal memory was assessed using the forward digit span, and episodic verbal memory Grober & Buschke long-term free (recovery capacity) and cued (storage capacity) recall. Finally, interhemispheric connection was tested by dichotic listening of words and sentences tasks, successively.
10.1371/journal.pone.0128353.t001
###### Patient performance to neuropsychological tests.
{#pone.0128353.t001g}
Characteristics Patient number Raw scores (mean ± SD) Normalized scores [\*](#t001fn001){ref-type="table-fn"} (mean ± SD)
--------------------------------------- ---------------------------------- ------------------------ --------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------
***Executive functions*** **WAIS-III matrix** 74 8.97 ± 2.47 -0.35 ± 0.83
**WAIS-III pictures** 64 8.94 ± 2.81 -0.35 ± 0.93
**WAIS-III letter-number sequencing** 62 8.24 ± 2.42 -0.57 ± 0.81
**Brown-Peterson 0** 35 95.59 ± 11.12 -2.28 ± 4.25
**Brown-Peterson 5** 35 83.31 ± 21.19 -0.94 ± 1.83
**Brown-Peterson 10** 35 72.06 ± 25.31 -0.94 ± 1.91
**Brown-Peterson 20** 35 67.83 ± 28.36 -0.85 ± 1.79
**Stroop color and word** 51 42.80 ± 9.61 -0.68 ± 0.98
**Stroop interferences** 50 47.22 ± 6.80 -0.21 ± 0.71
**RO copy** 76 33.78 ± 2.23 -0.77 ± 1.55
**RO delayed recall** 75 19.51 ± 5.71 -0.46 ± 1.02
***Verbal memory*** **Forward digit span** 76 5.93 ± 1.28 -0.09 ± 1.15
**Backward digit span** 76 4.30 ± 1.22 -0.31 ± 1.33
***Memory functions*** **Grober & Buschke-LTFR** 50 11.38 ± 3.53 -0.68 ± 1.90
**Grober & Buschke-LTCR** 49 15.20 ± 1.46 -1.52 ± 4.31
***Visual memory*** **Benton visual retention test** 62 18.54 ± 3.22 -0.75 ± 1.53
***Flexibility*** **Trail making test B** 73 104.84 ± 62.85 2.46 ± 3.99
***Callosal disconnection*** **DL left ear words** 73 53.16 ± 11.24 2.75 ± 10.99
**DL right ear words** 73 53.07 ± 8.63 0.44 ± 8.37
**DL left ear sentences** 72 15.65 ± 4.34 1.63 ± 4.38
**DL right ear sentences** 72 17.38 ± 3.04 2.19 ± 4.21
***Attention*** **Zazzo 1 sign** 58 54.01 ± 14.00 -0.71 ± 0.98
**Zazzo 2 signs** 58 52.12 ± 13.78 -0.82 ± 0.96
**Zazzo 3 signs** 58 38.71 ± 12.55 -1.16 ± 1.11
***Depression*** **Beck depression inventory II** 36 6.17 ± 9.26 \-
\* all values are expressed as Z-scores (-1.65 SD of the normal average), except for dichotic listening tasks (expressed as number of words or sentences compared to controls)
RO, Rey-Osterrieth; LTFR, Long-term free recall; LTCR, Long-term cued recall; DL, Dichotic listening;
Raw performance scores were converted into Z-scores by comparison with a control population in order to express pathological threshold at -1.65 standard deviations of the normal average, as previously described \[[@pone.0128353.ref006]\]. Therefore, a Z-score ≥ 0 indicated good performance (equal or better than normal), while a Z-score \< 0 indicated poor performance. For dichotic listening tasks, the normalized scores expressed the number of words or sentences heard in comparison with the control population. The list of test references is provided in [S1 list](#pone.0128353.s001){ref-type="supplementary-material"}. In order to assess the influence of depression on cognitive performance, a Pearson correlation was performed between each Z-score and the Beck Depression Inventory II.
Analysis of Statistical Parametric Maps (SPM) {#sec010}
---------------------------------------------
All SPECT image volumes were spatially normalized onto the Montreal Neurological Institute (MNI) template (McGill University, Montreal, Canada) using a 12-parameter affine transformation, followed by non-linear transformations. Dimensions of the resulting voxels were 2 x 2 x 2 mm3. Images were smoothed using a Gaussian filter (FWHM 10 mm) to blur individual variations in anatomy and to increase the signal-to-noise ratio. Spatial preprocessing and statistical analysis were performed using the SPM12 software implemented in Matlab version R2014a (Mathworks Inc., Sherborn, MA). Global normalization was performed using proportional scaling to control for individual variation. Analyses were restricted to white matter when callosal disconnection was investigated and to gray matter for all other parameters using mask from WFU PickAtlas v.3 software (ANSIR Laboratory, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC). Statistical parametric maps were obtained, for each neuropsychological test, by linear regressions comparing brain perfusion in patients with their respective normalized scores, with adjustment for age, sex, socio-cultural level and time delay between brain SPECT and neuropsychological testing, these nuisance variables being known to have influence on brain perfusion. The effect of the time elapsed since last vaccine injection, as well as the number of vaccine injections, on regional brain perfusion was also investigated, using the same design. Results of linear regressions were collected at a *P*-value \< 0.005 at the voxel level, for clusters k ≥ 100 voxels (corrected for cluster volume) in order to highlight correlation trends between regional brain perfusion and neuropsychological performance. Spearman correlation was used to study the relationship between extracted clusters of perfusion and neuropsychological scores. All significant results were listed with the individual k-value, which represents the number of significant voxels in the particular cluster (cluster size), brain regions, the side of the hemisphere, the Brodmann area (BA) involved and the peak T-value.
Results {#sec011}
=======
Clinical features {#sec012}
-----------------
Chronic myalgias and fatigue were found in 72 (94.7%) and 62 (81.6%) patients, respectively. The mean number of aluminum hydroxide-containing vaccines administered to patients within the past 10 years was 4.5 (range, 3--10 injections). The mean delay elapsed from the last aluminum-containing vaccine injection to muscle biopsy was 6.4 y (range, 1--14 y). Patient performances on neuropsychological tests are displayed in [Table 1](#pone.0128353.t001){ref-type="table"}. All tests but one (Brown-Peterson, 0-second condition) were found independent from the level of depression assessed by the Beck Depression Inventory II.
MMF-associated brain perfusion changes {#sec013}
--------------------------------------
Brain areas which showed positive or negative correlation trends with the performance on tests are displayed in [Table 2](#pone.0128353.t002){ref-type="table"}. The most significant finding was that dichotic listening impairment to the left ear (words and sentences) was positively correlated with perfusion in the periventricular areas and corpus callosum ([Fig 1](#pone.0128353.g001){ref-type="fig"}, white matter mask). SPM12 map of left-ear words correlation revealed a single large cluster of 2180 voxels with the highest peak T-value of all linear regressions (5.09), involving the white matter of both left and right hemispheres, and, to a lesser extent, SPM12 map of left-ear sentences revealed 2 clusters covering the same areas (sum, 1877 voxels).
{#pone.0128353.g001}
10.1371/journal.pone.0128353.t002
###### Linear regression analyses of cognitive scores and time since last vaccine injection, with adjustment for age, sex, socio-cultural level and delay between brain SPECT and neuropsychological testing.
{#pone.0128353.t002g}
Characteristics K Brain areas Side Labels P-value Peak T-value
------------------------------------------ -------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------ ---------------------------------------------------- ----------------------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------- -------------- ------
***Executive functions*** **WAIS-III matrix** \- \- \- \- \- \-
**WAIS-III pictures** \- \- \- \- \- \-
**WAIS-III letter-number sequencing** 181 Temporal lobe R BA21, BA22, BA42, BA20 0.002 4.76
197 Cerebellum R Cerebellum Anterior Lobe \<0.001 4.74
143 Parietal lobe L BA7 0.001 4.14
244 Parietal lobe, frontal lobe R BA2, BA3, BA40, BA1, BA4 0.001 4.09
180 Occipital lobe R BA18, BA19, BA17 0.001 3.90
122 Frontal lobe R BA9, BA8, BA46 \<0.001 3.52
274 Sub-lobar L Thalamic nucleus 0.001 3.50
159 Cerebellum R Cerebellum posterior lobe 0.002 3.35
**Brown-Peterson 0** 331 Cerebellum L Cerebellum posterior lobe 0.002 4.61
**Brown-Peterson 5** \- \- \- \- \- \-
**Brown-Peterson 10** 395[\*](#t002fn001){ref-type="table-fn"} Limbic lobe, sub-lobar, temporal lobe L Amygdalo-hippocampal, BA28, BA34, striatum, BA38 0.001 4.32
**Brown-Peterson 20** \- \- \- \- \- \-
**Stroop color and word** 247 Occipital lobe R BA18, BA19 0.001 4.66
203 Occipital lobe L BA18, BA19, BA17 \<0.001 4.52
174 Parietal lobe R BA40, BA7 \<0.001 4.12
164 Parietal lobe, frontal lobe R BA40, BA3, BA2, BA4 0.001 3.60
202 Parietal lobe L BA7, BA40 0.001 3.56
423[\*](#t002fn001){ref-type="table-fn"} Limbic lobe L Amygdalo-hippocampal, BA28, BA34, BA35, BA36, BA20 0.003 4.18
**Stroop interferences** \- \- \- \- \- \-
**RO copy** \- \- \- \- \- \-
**RO delayed recall** 168 Occipital lobe L BA18, BA19 0.001 4.31
***Verbal memory*** **Forward digit span** 223[\*](#t002fn001){ref-type="table-fn"} Occipital lobe, parietal lobe L BA18, BA19, BA31, BA7 0.001 3.92
134[\*](#t002fn001){ref-type="table-fn"} Occipital lobe, parietal lobe, limbic lobe R BA18, BA19, BA31, BA17 0.001 3.24
**Backward digit span** \- \- \- \- \- \-
***Memory functions*** **Grober & Buschke-LTFR** \- \- \- \- \- \-
**Grober & Buschke-LTCR** \- \- \- \- \- \-
***Visual memory*** **Benton visual retention test** \- \- \- \- \- \-
***Flexibility*** **Trail making test B** \- \- \- \- \- \-
***Callosal disconnection*** **DL left ear words** 2180 Sub-lobar, limbic lobe, frontal lobe L, R Periventricular areas, corpus callosum 0.003 5.09
**DL right ear words** 270[\*](#t002fn001){ref-type="table-fn"} Cerebellum L, R Cerebellum posterior lobe, cerebellum anterior lobe 0.001 3.50
**DL left ear sentences** 1354 Sub-lobar, limbic lobe, frontal lobe R Periventricular areas, corpus callosum 0.003 4.45
523 Sub-lobar, limbic lobe, frontal lobe L Periventricular areas, corpus callosum 0.001 4.18
519[\*](#t002fn001){ref-type="table-fn"} Cerebellum L Cerebellum posterior lobe 0.001 4.27
**DL right ear sentences** 175[\*](#t002fn001){ref-type="table-fn"} Limbic lobe, temporal lobe R Amygdalo-hippocampal, BA28, BA34, BA38 0.002 3.96
***Attention*** **Zazzo 1 sign** \- \- \- \- \- \-
**Zazzo 2 signs** \- \- \- \- \- \-
**Zazzo 3 signs** \- \- \- \- \- \-
***Depression*** **Beck Depression Inventory II** \- \- \- \- \- \-
***Time since last vaccine injection*** 112 Occipital lobe, temporal lobe R BA19, BA39 0.001 3.67
\* Indicates negative correlation (the lower the score, the higher the perfusion)
*P*-value \< 0.005 at the voxel level for clusters ≥ 100 contiguous voxels (corrected for cluster volume).
BA, Brodmann areas; R, right; L, left; RO, Rey-Osterrieth; LTFR, Long-term free recall; LTCR, Long-term cued recall; DL, Dichotic listening
With regards to gray matter perfusion, most positive correlations were found between tests exploring executive functions and perfusion in the posterior associative regions ([Fig 2](#pone.0128353.g002){ref-type="fig"}), including cuneus/precuneus (BA7/BA17 and WAIS-III/Stroop tests) and occipital lingual areas (BA18/BA19 and WAIS-III/Stroop/Rey-Osterrieth recall tests). Few correlations were found between these tests and perfusion in the frontal or temporal lobes. Conversely, tests exploring executive functions were inversely correlated with perfusion in the limbic system, including left amygdalo-hippocampal/entorhinal complex (BA28/BA34 and Brown-Peterson 10/Stroop). Negative correlation was also found between tests exploring verbal memory (forward digit span) and the posterior associative areas (occipital, BA18/BA19; posterior cingulate, BA31).
{#pone.0128353.g002}
Perfusion in the cerebellum was positively correlated with tests exploring executive functions (WAIS-III/Brown-Peterson). To note, perfusion in the right hippocampus was inversely correlated with dichotic listening to the right ear. Finally, a positive correlation was noted between brain perfusion in the right posterior associative cortex (BA19, BA39) and the time elapsed since last vaccine injection. No significant correlation was observed between brain perfusion and the number of vaccine injections.
Discussion {#sec014}
==========
This exploratory study showed diffuse cortical and subcortical changes associated with cognitive impairment in patients with MMF. The pattern of significant clusters revealed by SPM12 analysis in this large population of patients with varying disease severities provides a neurobiological substrate for brain dysfunction in aluminum hydroxide-induced MMF patients. From a neuropsychological point of view, we observed a MACD profile similar to that of previously published data, combining dysexecutive syndrome, impaired memory, and alteration of dichotic listening \[[@pone.0128353.ref006],[@pone.0128353.ref007]\]. Performance on tests was independent from the depression level (except Brown Peterson 0) and therefore, the bad scores cannot be attributed to a depressive state. It has to be noted that all neuropsychological test were not available in all patients as some patients could not complete the full battery due to marked fatigability.
Linear regression analyses emphasized diffuse involvement of periventricular white matter and corpus callosum, proportional to the impairment to left ear dichotic listening tasks. White matter perfusion is generally difficult to assess on an individual level because most of the tracer takes up on the gray matter with a gray-to-white ratio \> 2 \[[@pone.0128353.ref015]\]. However, involvement of periventricular white matter was highly significant with SPM12 analysis in this large population. Although most patients performed well on dichotic listening (mean score for the whole population = +2.75 words compared with normal), a subset of 12 patients (16%) with callosal disconnection performed very poorly (mean score, -16 words compared with normal), which explains why this positive correlation was our most significant findings. These structures warrant the connection between right and left brain hemispheres through the corpus callosum \[[@pone.0128353.ref016]\]. Diffusion tensor imaging has confirmed that stronger anatomical connection between right and left temporal lobe auditory processing areas supports a better information transfer \[[@pone.0128353.ref017]\]. They are also involved in frontal subcortical loops responsible for dysexecutive syndrome \[[@pone.0128353.ref018]\], which is one of the predominant features of MACD. Our study demonstrates the specific involvement of these subcortical pathways, but also in their cortical afferences (posterior associative areas).
With regards to gray matter involvement, most of the positive correlations were found between tests exploring executive functions and posterior associative areas, including BA18/BA19 (secondary and tertiary visual cortex) and BA5/BA7/BA17 (cuneus/precuneus). These regions are frequently involved in neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer or Parkinson\'s dementias \[[@pone.0128353.ref019],[@pone.0128353.ref020]\]. However, the posterior cingulate gyrus would also be impaired, while it was spared in patients with MMF, as shown by the inverse correlation found between BA31 and forward digit span. As a fact, verbal memory performances are known to be preserved in MACD \[[@pone.0128353.ref006]\] and cognitive dysfunction is stable with time \[[@pone.0128353.ref007]\], which differs from neurodegenerative disorders. Finally, a direct relationship was found between the time from last vaccine injection and perfusion in the posterior associative areas, which supports the idea that MACD does not worsen with time.
Cerebellum is known to be involved in motor functions. It has also an important role in cognitive processing, particularly in executive functions \[[@pone.0128353.ref021]\]. This activity is due to the numerous connections between the cerebellum and cortical areas through the cortico-ponto-cerebellar pathways \[[@pone.0128353.ref022]\]. Afferent fibers mostly come from associative parietal and occipital areas, which are significantly impaired in our study. Limbic system, including amygdalo-hippocampal/entorhinal complexes and cingulate gyrus, also play an essential role in long-term memory storage, and are involved in the Papez circuit \[[@pone.0128353.ref023]\]. These structures are the first to be impaired in mild cognitive impairment conversion into Alzheimer\'s disease \[[@pone.0128353.ref024]\]. Interestingly, we found a significant inverse correlation between left amygdalo-hippocampal perfusion and executive functions (Brown-Peterson 10/Stroop), and between right amygdalo-hippocampal perfusion and dichotic listening (right ear sentences, [Table 2](#pone.0128353.t002){ref-type="table"}). It can be hypothesized that some patients may compensate hippocampal dysfunction by contralateral activation, while those who have callosal disconnection cannot. As a fact, patients with callosal disconnection had significant lower Z-scores on delayed free recall (-2.56 ± 2.46 vs. -0.27 ± 1.59, *P* = 0.002) and delayed cued recall (-6.42 ± 8.32 vs. -0.43 ± 1.92, *P* = 0.0002) tasks.
It is important to rely on pretest diagnostic indices before performing an invasive procedure such as deltoid muscle biopsy. Among arthromyalgic patients with both history of immunization by aluminum hydroxide-containing vaccines and deltoid muscle biopsy, a minority have MMF; they differ from non-MMF patients both by much more neurological dysfunction and much less fibromyalgic tender points \[[@pone.0128353.ref025]\]. Consistently, the present study shows that the cerebral perfusion pattern in patients with MMF differs from that reported in fibromyalgia \[[@pone.0128353.ref026]\]. Both conditions share hypoperfusions of temporal lobes, cingulate gyrus and cerebellum, but, in addition, patients with MMF typically show involvement of periventricular and posterior associative areas, which are either preserved or show hyperperfusion, respectively, in fibromyalgia. Therefore, brain perfusion imaging may help distinguishing patients with MMF from those with common fibromyalgia.
Conclusion {#sec015}
==========
Brain perfusion imaging showed a pattern of diffuse cortical and subcortical changes, in accordance with the MMF-associated cognitive disorder previously described. These results provide a neurobiological substrate for brain dysfunction in aluminum hydroxide-induced MMF patients and may warrant further studies using metabolic imaging and diffusion MRI to assess possible neuronal damage.
Supporting Information {#sec016}
======================
###### References list of neuropsychological tests.
(DOC)
######
Click here for additional data file.
[^1]: **Competing Interests:**The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
[^2]: Conceived and designed the experiments: MAS EI RKG ACBL FJA. Performed the experiments: MAS EI JA EE JC RKG NT FJA. Analyzed the data: AVDG MAS EI FJA. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: MAS EI JA EE JC RKG NT FJA. Wrote the paper: AVDG MAS EI JA EE JC RKG NT ACBL FJA. Manuscript drafting or revision for important intellectual content: AVDG MAS EI JA EE JC RKG NT ACBL FJA. Final approval: AVDG MAS EI JA EE JC RKG NT ACBL FJA. Agree to be accountable for all aspects of the work: AVDG MAS EI JA EE JC RKG NT ACBL FJA.
| 2023-09-20T01:27:17.760571 | https://example.com/article/6345 |
3 modern banner with multiple variations. Ideal for “sale” banners, clean and modern look. Colors are easy to change, everything is scalable. (vector masks are used) The noise pattern have clipping mask. | 2024-05-12T01:27:17.760571 | https://example.com/article/7067 |
Q:
How to upload RecordRTC blob file to Rails paperclip in AJAX
On the client side, the user uses RecordRTC to record a short video. When the user presses upload, I will get the video's blob data using recorder.getBlob(), and upload it to my server (using Rails and paperclip to handle file upload).
At first, I wanted to change the <input type='file'> field value to the blob data. It turns out that for security in browsers, I cannot change it using javascript.
Then, I tried to use AJAX:
$("#ajax-submit").on("click", function() {
var data = new FormData();
data.append("record[video]", recorder.getBlob(), (new Date()).getTime() + ".webm");
var oReq = new XMLHttpRequest();
oReq.open("POST", "/records/");
oReq.send(data);
oReq.onload = function(oEvent) {
if (oReq.status == 200) {
console.log("Uploaded");
} else {
console.log("Error " + oReq.status + " occurred uploading your file.");
}
};
});
However, it does not work. On log file, I will get the following, which cannot be handled:
Processing by RecordsController#create as */*
Parameters: {
"video"=>"data:video/webm;base64,GkXfo0AgQoaBAUL3gQFC8o..."
}
If I submit normally using form, I will have parameters look like this:
Processing by RecordsController#create as HTML
Parameters: {
"video"=>#<ActionDispatch::Http::UploadedFile:0x3b476e0 @original_filename="testing.mp4", @content_type="video/mp4", @headers="Content-Disposition: form-data; name=\"record[video]\"; filename=\"testing.mp4\"\r\nContent-Type: video/mp4\r\n", @tempfile=#<File:a_path>>
}
How could I solve the problem?
Many thanks.
A:
In the end, the cause of problem is that the blob file returned from recorder.getBlob() is not an actual blob. Refer to the answer from muaz-khan.
I added the following lines in RecordRTC to get the real blob and do the same AJAX submitted. Everything work now.
getBlob: function () {
return blobURL2;
},
+ getRealBlob: function() {
+ return blobURL;
+ },
| 2024-01-15T01:27:17.760571 | https://example.com/article/3674 |
Mike Huckabee showed up on Fox News Monday morning to weigh in on the weekend’s two domestic terror mass shootings that have now left 31 people dead in Texas and Ohio. The twice-former GOP presidential candidate insisted the problem central to mass shootings is “the lack of thought and prayers,” and too little religion – not too many guns, or the racist, white supremacist beliefs of President Donald Trump and the president’s supporters.
“The common denominator in all of this is not the particular weapon,” the NRA-defending Huckabee, who last year after another mass shooting suggested a pencil is just as much an assault weapon as an AR-15, told host Bill Hemmer.
“It’s the hate inside the heart. It’s the loss of morality. It’s that disconnecting from a God who values all people, and who would never let me do that to another person, because I would be basically doing it to God and to myself, to just destroy another human life. That’s just not how we’re hardwired from the Father above,” the former Arkansas Republican governor said, as Media Matters reports.
Separately, on his website Huckabee wrote that “the lack of thought and prayers is probably the single biggest factor in what is behind them,” referring to the weekend’s two domestic terror mass shootings.
“I will keep ignoring the scoffers and saying prayers and urging everyone to join together and do the same,” the twice-former GOP presidential candidate and ordained Baptist minister concluded. “It’s not a meaningless gesture. It’s the only thing that’s ever really going to help.”
Gov. Huckabee went on to tell Fox News that what “hurts” him “the most,” is not the loss of 31 lives, nor their families, nor the survivors and their families whose lives are forever changed, but “that we’ve got a lot of our country that are utterly disconnected from any sense of identity with their Creator, and with His love for them, and His love for the people that they hate.”
Huckabee also wholly ignored his own daughter’s complicity in defending and promoting President Trump and his racist, white nationalist, and white supremacist beliefs and agenda. Trump is at the very least in part responsible for the rise in hate crime violence and white supremacist violence, including mass shootings.
Former Trump press secretary Sarah Huckabee Sanders, who spent about three years working for the Trump campaign, transition team, and Trump White House, is weighing a run for her father’s former seat.
Watch Gov. Huckabee: | 2024-07-15T01:27:17.760571 | https://example.com/article/9917 |
Ask HN: Embed MP3 stream player? - yeti
I make a chat website, and I'd like to add music streaming to the user chatrooms.<p>ie - the chatroom host can enter in a URL of a streaming MP3 and then everyone in the chatroom hears that stream - the music files are not stored on our servers, but just browser client to another URL<p>Any suggestions?
======
bittersweet
Soundmanager2 [1] is widely used, and I've used it myself in a couple of
projects.
It may be a bit to full-featured for the small thing you are trying to
accomplish but you can customize it quite a bit.
You can just listen for mp3 links in the chatroom and queue it up in
soundmanager.
[1] <http://www.schillmania.com/projects/soundmanager2/>
~~~
what
Doesn't flash have a same origin policy that would prevent you from streaming
mp3s from random URLS. I thought you have to host both the player and mp3 at
the same domain? Or at least have a policy file on both domains that says you
can access it. I could be mistaken, but this is how I remember it from the
last time I checked.
~~~
schill
Flash can load MP3s from remote domains, but it cannot read certain metadata
(eg. ID3 tags, waveform/eq/spectrum data) unless granted permissions via a
crossdomain.xml policy file. For hosting, the SWF should be on the same domain
as the HTML document or JS-Flash communication will be restricted (or, use the
cross-domain version of the SWF.)
~~~
yeti
Thanks Schill, can it load MP3 streams as well as MP3 files? Assume so, but
just to check. Any suggestion on player?
| 2024-01-19T01:27:17.760571 | https://example.com/article/2379 |
William Sigei
William Cheruiyot Sigei (born 11 October 1969 in Cheboi'ngong' village, just outside Kapsimotwo village, Bomet, Kenya) is a former Kenyan long-distance runner who won the IAAF World Cross Country Championships in 1993 and 1994. In 1994 he a set a new world record over 10,000 metres in Oslo with 26:52.23 minutes.
Today he is ranked eighteenth of all times over 10,000 metres. The current world record is 26:17.53 minutes, and belongs to Kenenisa Bekele of Ethiopia.
References
Category:1969 births
Category:Living people
Category:People from Bomet County
Category:Kenyan male long-distance runners
Category:World Athletics Cross Country Championships winners
Category:World Athletics Championships athletes for Kenya
Category:World record setters in athletics (track and field)
Category:Kenyan male cross country runners | 2023-12-06T01:27:17.760571 | https://example.com/article/6081 |
I usually make a distinction between 'old style' Pentecostalism and charismaticism. This distinction, however, is for the sake of charity, as a 'half-way house' conclusion. There are a number of born-again Believers in Roman Catholicism - but that does not make Roman Catholicism valid, right or acceptable. The same goes for Anglicanism. There are born-again believers in all Protestant denominations, but that does not make the existence of denominations valid, right or acceptable.
The distinction between Pentecostalism and charismaticism should be seen in the same light. That is, not all Pentecostalists are charismatic in the later sense. Nevertheless, this does not make Pentecostalism valid, right or acceptable. Old-style Pentecostalists have much to commend them. Even so, their beginnings, teachers, beliefs and practices, demand close examination.
Charismaticism came directly out of Pentecostalism, not suddenly, but gradually. The modern charismatic movement evolved naturally out of old-style Pentecostalism, because Pentecostalism bore the seeds of today’s charismaticism, as a mother bears a child in her womb. Just as a woman cannot justifiably deny that she gave birth to her own child, so Pentecostalism cannot justifiably deny it is the foundation of charismaticism and all the horrors that go with it. A natural mother can certainly deny her own child, but in actual fact she is still the mother, no matter how strenuous the denial. The same goes for Pentecostalism and its relationship to charismaticism. Pentecostalists might think their own child is repulsive, or rogue - but the child is still from their own womb.
Speaking of foundational Pentecostalism, A Seibel says: "The well-known revivalist Charles Finney... described one special experience of his Christian life as 'Baptism of Power'. His friend and colleague... Asa Mahan, named this experience: 'Baptism of the Spirit'. The evangelist Reuben Torrey took up this concept and systematically dealt with it in his book, 'Baptism of the Spirit'. Torrey suggests that this is a special experience which the Believer can have after conversion, and that it equips him with special power from on high and gifts of the Spirit for Christian service.
The founders of the Pentecostal movement received Torrey's interpretation and added one further point: The sign of having received the baptism of the Spirit, they claimed, was speaking in tongues. Thus we have the emergence of a doctrine which has been accepted by millions of Christians throughout the world today."
In this we see how one man's personalised use of words led to another man's formation of a theory, and the final acceptance of them as doctrine equal to scripture! Yet, there is no such teaching in scripture. Until the 1960's Pentecostalists were fairly stable, although they held some peculiar and unbiblical beliefs. Then along came hyper-Pentecostalism (which is the norm today), charismaticism, and even more unbiblical beliefs. The Toronto Blessing was simply the natural next step, in which we can see the fruition of seeds of heresy, which have lain dormant in Pentecostalism from its inception.
Everything in modern charismaticism has its root in historic Pentecostalism. Nowhere in scripture do we find the idea of asking God for a second experience leading to a higher plane of spirituality. Yet this was a founding teaching of Pentecostalism, and is a major tenet of faith within charismaticism. Pentecostalist George Mallone says, "They (tongues) are the biggest Christian friendship and oneness busters of the century." Seibel adds, "This doctrine of the special baptism of the Spirit is practically the basis of the whole Pentecostal movement... The inconsistency of some believers over this point (second blessing) has often astonished me... One gets the impression that a mistake greatly multiplied cannot be a mistake any more." What is true here of Pentecostalism is also true of its 'wild child', charismaticism.
In 'Weighed and Found Wanting' by Bill Randles (a Pentecostal pastor), chapter three on the 'Progression of Pentecostal Error' tells us that the Pentecostalists have undertaken the greatest missionary thrusts ever. This thrust was due to the basic Pentecostal basis of hope that we are all awaiting the second coming of our Lord Jesus Christ. Now, all that has altered and the basis of hope has shifted - headlong into the dark pit of charismaticism. "We have shifted from a God-centred heavenly expectation to a man-centred 'We (the church) must conquer for Christ' before Jesus comes back." In fact this shift has been even greater, for the complete belief is that Christ CANNOT come back UNLESS we help Him to put the world right first! The shift means that the ‘church’ is now fighting in its own name and strength. It does this by ignoring plain scriptural teaching of coming mass apostasy and great end-time tribulation, and by replacing it with triumphalism and the subduing of Satan.
Randles says this shift in hope "began as a trickle in evangelical and Pentecostal circles... (and now) triumphalism... (is)... predominant." So today we have Dominion theory, the Reconstruction movement, Kingdom Now, and so on. All came from Pentecostalism.
Added to this twisting of scripture is the long-held and cherished Pentecostalist fantasy that we shall see a great end-time revival, which shall "shake the whole world" and bring whole nations to Jesus. The church won't be a 'whipped, sick, defeated little group huddled in the corner hiding from the antiChrist', but, rather, 'a mighty army, ruling the nations, displaying raw power, emptying hospitals, filling stadiums, (attracting) the awe of the whole world'. (Randles)
(Bill Randles believes that the wondrous healing exploits of Pentecostalists in the 1940's and 1950's were genuine examples of God working amongst His people, just as He brought genuine revival to many places at that time, through evangelicalism. He may, or may not, be right. I cannot tell, for I was not privy to observation - but perhaps I might be allowed a word of caution, that whilst the revivals might have been genuine, it is always possible that the healings, etc., were of Satan. Why? To bring about future expectations of signs and wonders where none really existed.
As Randles says, the healing ministries came into disrepute - and they still are. Of course, they may have been genuinely of God... but the possibility of Satanic intervention, to dazzle and deceive, is neither unknown nor impossible. We only have to look at the grandiose claims made today by gross charismatics to underline this sad fact. Like Randles, I believe wholeheartedly in divine healing, but charismaticism and its claimed healings are a farce. Even men who were once true and faithful can fall and act abusively toward scripture and Christian service. Billy Graham is one such figure, whose evangelism is almost destitute of Biblical truth).
Linked to this emphasis on healing and tongues, etc., is the overwhelming desire for unity at any cost. Even if it means denying scripture and Biblical commands. Restoration is also high on the list of priorities - such that Pentecostalists actually believe that they are responsible for restoring the 'baptism of the Holy Spirit' (as they see it) to the Church! This developed into restoration of apostles, prophets, etc. But, they were literally 'developed' way beyond scriptural bounds.
Without doubt early Pentecostalism wanted the best of Christian life, but the way it went about obtaining the best was false. As is the wont of falsity, the basic errors were built-upon and are now almost unrecognisable in their outrageousness. Heresy is now normal in charismaticism, as is the ignoring of scripture (for we are now in the post-Biblical extra-Biblical era, according to charismatic leaders).
We can see a direct line, a natural progression, from early Pentecostalism to present-day charismaticism. The answer? The answer is radical yet simple: to completely remove oneself from Pentecostalism and to get back to scripture-only! Early Pentecostalism looked forward to the eradication of denominations (and yet became one!), and rightly so. But unity at any cost is too high a price to pay. Meanwhile, Pentecostalism cannot deny that its child is wayward and ruinous of spiritual life and hope. | 2023-10-25T01:27:17.760571 | https://example.com/article/3520 |
This invention relates to a method for producing a novel transparent paper particularly suitable as tracing paper or copying paper mainly used in drafting and reproduction and, further, as duplicating original to be made in combination with known reproduction processes such as diazotype, silver halide photography, and electrophotography.
Transparent papers conventionally used for the above purposes include:
(a) tracing papers made from highly wet-beaten natural cellulosic pulp, or said tracing papers further treated with, for example, a polymeric substance; PA1 (b) transparent papers made from relatively opaque papers other than tracing papers by impregnating with a fat or an oil, plasticizer, liquid paraffin, or the like, or by further surface treatment of said impregnated papers; PA1 (c) those made from a plastic film used as base material by surface modification; and PA1 (d) those manufactured by hot pressing a web formed from a mixture of thermoplastic synthetic resin pulp and natural cellulosic pulp, thereby to transparencize the web.
Transparent papers of the type (a), although used most widely, are inferior in dimensional stability and liable to curl, owing to their high sensitivity to humidity. Further, they have other defects in water resistance, tearing strength, etc. Members of the group (b) are superior to those of the group (a) in water resistance, tearing strength, and dimensional stability. However, when the paper is stored for a long period of time or is exposed to heat in the reproduction unit, the transparencizing agent tends to migrate, resulting in feathering of the image. Most of the papers of this type have further defects in writing quality and recovery from crease. The transparent papers of the group (c), although excellent in transparency, dimensional stability, and mechanical strengths, are very expensive and raises problems in waste disposal. Although improved in dimensional stability, the papers of the group (d) have disadvantages in that owing to uneven distribution of the synthetic pulp and the natural pulp, there are obtained papers having not uniform transparency but opaque speckles scattered about throughout the paper. Moreover, a special hot press installation is necessary in their manufacture.
As known well, transparency may be imparted generally by filling the pores of cellulosic paper with a substance having a refractive index approximating that of cellulosic fiber. However, if a liquid or low-melting solid substance is used as the transparencizing agent, a defective paper similar to those of the above-noted group (b) is obtained, while if a high-melting polymeric substance is used, increased viscosity of the transparencizing solution makes it difficult for the solution to penetrate into the cellulosic paper, thus leading to non-uniform transparency of the converted paper.
Accordingly, it is considered best at present to use as the transparencizing agent a reactive resin or a monomer which has a relatively low molecular weight so that it may penetrate sufficiently into the cellulosic paper and thereafter may be converted into a polymer by use of a catalyst, heat, and other means.
There is a precedent for the use of such a transparencizing agent. However, the polymers used were such thermosetting resins as phenol-formaldehyde resins, urea-formaldehyde resins, melamine-formaldehyde resins, and alkyd resins which had low rate of hardening. Although the rate of hardening can be increased to some extent by elevating the temperature or adding a catalyst, severe hardening conditions are undesirable because of their adverse effect of accelerating deterioration of the paper itself. | 2024-03-23T01:27:17.760571 | https://example.com/article/3673 |
Effectiveness of local endoscopic resection of rectal carcinoid tumors.
In the treatment of rectal carcinoid tumors, confusion arises in the choice between radical surgery and local endoscopic resection, since the malignancy of individual tumors differs widely. We investigated the appropriateness of using endoscopic therapy for this disease. Twenty-two patients were diagnosed with rectal carcinoid tumors at the First Department of Internal Medicine, Yamaguchi University School of Medicine and its affiliated hospitals, from 1977 to 1994. The tumors were resected and examined regarding their size, depth of invasion, and histological atypia. The post-treatment course in patients whose tumors were completely resected without atypia was observed by colonoscopy and ultrasonography at yearly intervals. In 21 patients, tumor invasion did not extend beyond the submucosal layer, and there were no signs of atypia. The size of the tumor varied from 2.2 mm to 10.0 mm in diameter, with an average of 5.4 mm. After endoscopic resection of the tumors in 18 patients and surgical local resection in three patients, no local recurrences or liver metastases were experienced. The patients survived for a minimum of 29 months and a maximum of 237 months; the mean survival period was 72.8 months. In one patient, the tumor showed cellular atypia invading into the tunica muscularis, and measured 25 mm in diameter. The patient underwent surgery, but died ten months later due to liver metastasis. Endoscopic treatment of rectal carcinoid tumors was found to be appropriate when the tumor measured 10 mm or less in diameter, did not infiltrate beyond the submucosal layer, and had no histological atypia. | 2023-09-06T01:27:17.760571 | https://example.com/article/9410 |
While the American religious landscape is becoming increasingly diverse, data from PRRI’s new American Values Atlas reveals that there are still three major religious traditions that dominate in most states: Catholics (22 percent), white evangelical Protestants (18 percent), and the religiously unaffiliated (22 percent).
Here’s a breakdown:
Catholicism is the number one religious tradition in 17 states.
White evangelical Protestants take first place in 15 states, a majority of which are southern states. In Ohio and Virginia, however, white evangelical Protestants are tied with the religiously unaffiliated as the largest group.
And the religiously unaffiliated is the number one religious group in 13 states, most of which are either in the Pacific Northwest or the Northeast.
So, what about the remaining three states? Utah is ruled by the Mormons, while North Dakota and Iowa have white mainline Protestants edging out white evangelical Protestants to lead the pack.
[Click to enlarge.]
Here are a few other facts we learned from this new AVA data:
This trinity of religious traditions—that is, Catholic, white evangelical Protestant, and the unaffiliated—constitute the top three religious traditions in 11 states: Alaska, California, Florida, Illinois, Michigan, New Mexico, Ohio, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Texas, and Washington.
There are only five states where the unaffiliated is NOT one of the top three religious traditions: Alabama, Louisiana, Nebraska, North Dakota, and South Dakota.
Black Protestants only show up in the top three of eight states, none of which have them as the number one religious tradition.
Although white mainline Protestants are the dominant religious tradition in only two states (Iowa and North Dakota), they are the second largest religious tradition in five states: South Dakota (27 percent), Minnesota (24 percent), Nebraska (22 percent), Tennessee (17 percent), and Arkansas (14 percent), and they rank third in 24 states.
Utah has the largest percentage of one single religious tradition—56 percent—and is the only state that has a majority of one single tradition. Rhode Island comes in second with 44 percent of its population identifying as Catholic.
There are four states where the dominant religious tradition claims at least 4-in-10 residents: Rhode Island is 44 percent Catholic, Tennessee is 43 percent white evangelical Protestant, Utah is 56 percent Mormon, and West Virginia is 40 percent white evangelical Protestant.
For more on the AVA, see where your state stands on same-sex marriage and immigration reform, see our handy reference guides on immigration reform, views of immigrants, same-sex marriage, and availability and legality of abortion, and explore it yourself. | 2024-02-23T01:27:17.760571 | https://example.com/article/2425 |
Haemostatic and rheological factors in intermittent claudication: the influence of smoking and extent of arterial disease.
Patients with intermittent claudication have been reported to have disturbances in blood rheology and haemostasis. Whether these disturbances are a result of, or largely independent of, smoking history and arterial narrowing has not yet been established. The levels of whole blood and plasma viscosity, haematocrit, von Willebrand factor antigen, fibrin D-dimer antigen and urinary fibrinopeptide A antigen were compared in 617 claudicants and 722 controls from two epidemiological studies in Edinburgh. After adjustment for age and sex, all factors, except whole blood viscosity and haematocrit, were significantly higher in the claudicants compared to controls (P < or = 0.001). The risk of intermittent claudication was significantly raised for unit change in each factor, except for whole blood viscosity and haematocrit. Adjustment for lifetime smoking had little effect on the odds ratios. After further adjustment for the ankle brachial pressure index (as a measure of the extent of peripheral arterial disease), haematocrit, von Willebrand factor and urinary fibrinopeptide A showed a significant independent relationship with the risk of intermittent claudication. We conclude that the association between selected rheological and haemostatic factors and leg ischaemia is largely independent of both smoking history and the extent of arterial narrowing, and may be directly related to microvascular ischaemia. | 2024-03-01T01:27:17.760571 | https://example.com/article/4765 |
Thursday, 26 December 2013
Fecal transplants are 'successful'
Fecal transplants have begun to be used as a treatment over the past year. Now a long-term study confirms transplants of stool microbes from healthy donors can successfully clear recurrent Clostridium difficile infections.
With fecal transplants (or 'fecal bacteriotherapy'), as the Digital Journal has previously reported, aim to restore the balance between good bacteria and bad bacteria in the colon.
The procedure involves either single to multiple infusions (e.g. by enema) of bacterial fecal flora originating from a healthy donor, or, as a recent Canadian study showed, fecal transplant in pill form.
Now further evidence has emerged, in a PLoS One paper, about the success of the method. The paper, the Scientist notes, showed that patients given fecal microbiota transplants to treat recurrent Clostridium difficile infections cleared the bacteria in just days, and their intestinal microbiota were restored nearly to a pre-C. diff state within a year.
The new study was undertaken by University of Maryland School of Medicine’s Institute for Genome Sciences and Sinai Hospital in Baltimore, who used advanced genetic sequencing to screen a range of patient samples. | 2024-07-22T01:27:17.760571 | https://example.com/article/2790 |
class Addbandwidthusedtouser < ActiveRecord::Migration
def change
add_column :users, :bandwidth_used, :integer
end
end
| 2024-03-27T01:27:17.760571 | https://example.com/article/2557 |
The mission of the National Committee to Preserve Social Security and Medicare, a membership organization, is to protect, preserve, promote, and ensure the financial security, health, and the well being of current and future generations of maturing Americans.
The National Committee to Preserve Social Security and Medicare was founded in 1982 to serve as an advocate for the landmark federal programs of Social Security and Medicare and for all Americans who seek a healthy, productive and secure retirement. With millions of members and supporters across America, we are the nation’s second-largest grassroots citizens organization devoted to the retirement future for all citizens – from our “twenty-something” generation and baby-boomers to the nation’s thirty-four million seniors.
The National Committee to Preserve Social Security and Medicare (NCPSSM) was founded in 1982 by former Congressman James Roosevelt, son of President Franklin D. Roosevelt who signed the Social Security Act into law. Two additional leaders of prominence have also headed the organization; from 1989 – 2001, former Acting Commissioner of the Social Security Administration, Martha A. McSteen, and former Congresswoman Barbara B. Kennelly, who headed the organization from 2002 – 2011. Max Richtman, who served as Executive Vice President since 1989, was appointed as President and CEO in August 2011. | 2024-01-03T01:27:17.760571 | https://example.com/article/5666 |
Our philosophy on Humanities is a logical follow-on to last week’s topic of travel. When I travel, I experience the culture of the country, or even the city or state. However, the culture of the people that I am visiting has been influenced or formed by their history. Having an understanding of that history allows us to have a deeper appreciation for the people and places we visit. With this in mind, one of our biggest concerns as we planned the curriculum for the Academy was the Humanities. It’s not a concern for the kids who enjoy both STEM and the liberal arts. But it was a concern for those kids who are your really STEMmy kids, the ones who haven’t liked social studies or history so far.The reason to study history is beautifully explained by Peter Stearns in Why Study History for the American Historical Association so I won’t repeat it. Rather, I will focus on the approach to make history and social studies an enjoyable subject for all.Our approach is to first present the story to the kids, in essence, what’s the plot. This will give them the context for the next level of work. Next, we want them to learn to analyze what they read or observe, so that they can draw their own conclusions. Lastly, we use the information that we have learned and critical thinking skills to understand recurring themes throughout history, such as power, leadership, or immigration.Therefore, we set out to make the Humanities class something that they would enjoy, or at the very least, appreciate. Our goal is to make the story of the world, sometimes a beautiful story, sometimes a tragic story and sometimes a frightening story, come alive for the kidsBecause we live in the United States, we believe it’s important to understand the history and culture of the country that we live in. We also believe it’s important to understand the history of the world we live in. That’s why our 4th and 5th grade sequence focuses on learning the context and story of the United States and the world. To make the story of the world meaningful to the younger grades, we look at history through the eyes of math and science, and tie what we are learning in our other classes with history. This also gives us a very interesting perspective since different cultures and civilizations have experienced periods of scientific or technological advancement at different times.Once in the traditional middle-school grades, 6th to 8th grades, we move to a more analytical class. We present primary and secondary sources where students learn to think like historians, analyzing the context and bias and drawing conclusions from what they are analyzing. Instead of studying the history chronologically, they now examine themes and the relationships between different events or periods of time in history surrounding that theme.Finally, students learn about the United States government and international governmental organizations and laws so that they are able to understand current events.In order to bring it alive, we use a multitude of media. The obvious one is that we read, but we also watch videos, we create projects, we film a documentary, we engage in debate, we question historical reenactors, we role play, and finally, we travel. Surprisingly, the ways to learn about history in a creative and “hands-on” way are endless.
Categories
Ideaventions Academy admits students of any race, color, national and ethnic origin and all the rights, privileges, programs, and activities generally accorded to or made available to students at the school.
Ideaventions® is a registered servicemark of Ideaventions, LLC. All rights reserved. | 2023-09-23T01:27:17.760571 | https://example.com/article/5580 |
Jung Sung Ho hilariously parodied Kang Daniel and Woo Won Jae on the August 2 broadcast of “SNL Korea.”
In the “SNL Korea” segment called, “The Mimic,” Jung Sung Hoon’s family members all started hallucinating. Each of the family members were haunted by Jung Sung Hoon parodying various stars.
Jung Yi Rang was haunted by “Lee Sang Soon,” and Lee Se Young was haunted by “Kang Daniel.” Jung Sung Hoon was also haunted by “Woo Won Jae.”
The crowd went wild as the parody resembled the individuals so well. Check out the clip below!
Source (1) | 2023-11-17T01:27:17.760571 | https://example.com/article/5319 |
Q:
Extract text from PDF between two dividers with ITextSharp
I have a 1500+ pages pdf with some 'random' text and I have to extract some text from that...
I can identify that block like that:
bla bla bla bla bla
...
...
...
-------------------------- (separator blue image)
XXX: TEXT TEXT TEXT
TEXT TEXT TEXT TEXT
...
-------------------------- (separator blue image)
bla bla bla bla
...
...
-------------------------- (separator blue image)
XXX: TEXT2 TEXT2 TEXT2
TEXT2 TEXT2 TEXT TEXT2
...
-------------------------- (separator blue image)
I need extract all text beetween separators (all blocks)
The 'XXX' is present in the begining of all block, but I dont have any way to detect the end of the block. Is it possible to use the image separator in the parser? How?
Any other possible way?
Edit More information
No backgroud and the text is copy&pastable
Sample pdf : 1
Look for example page 320
Thanks
A:
The theory
In case of your sample PDF the dividers are created using vector graphics:
0.58 0.17 0 0.47 K
q 1 0 0 1 56.6929 772.726 cm
0 0 m
249.118 0 l
S
Q
q 1 0 0 1 56.6929 690.9113 cm
0 0 m
249.118 0 l
S
etc.
Parsing vector graphics is a fairly new addition to iText(Sharp), and in that respect the API is up for some changes. Currently (version 5.5.6) you can parse vector graphics using an implementation of the interface ExtRenderListener (Java) / IExtRenderListener (.Net).
You now have some approaches to your task:
(multi-pass) You can implement the above-mentioned interface in a way that merely collects the lines. From these lines you derive rectangles encompassing each section, and for each of these rectangles you can extract the text applying region text filtering.
(two-pass) Just like above you can implement the above-mentioned interface in a way that merely collects the lines and from these lines you derive rectangles encompassing each section. Then you parse the page using the LocationTextExtractionStrategy and request the text of each rectangle using an appropriate ITextChunkFilter using the GetResultantText(ITextChunkFilter) overload.
(one pass) You can implement the above-mentioned interface in a way that collects the lines, collects text pieces, derives rectangles from the lines and arranges the text pieces located in those rectangles.
A sample implementation
(As I'm more fluent in Java than in C#, I implemented this sample in Java for iText. It should be easy to port to C# and iTextSharp.)
This implementation attempts to extract text sections separated by dividers as in the sample PDF.
It is a one-pass solution which at the same time re-uses the existing LocationTextExtractionStrategy capabilities by deriving from that strategy.
In the same pass this strategy collects the text chunks (thanks to its parent class) and the divider lines (due to its implementation of the ExtRenderListener extra methods).
Having parsed a page, the strategy offers a list of Section instances via the method getSections(), each representing a section of the page delimited by a divider line above and/or below. The topmost and bottommost sections of each text column are open at the top or the bottom, implicitly delimited by the matching margin line.
Section implements the TextChunkFilter interface and, therefore, can be used to retrieve the text in the respective part of the page using the method getResultantText(TextChunkFilter) of the parent class.
This is merely a POC, it is designed to extract sections from documents using dividers exactly like the sample document does, i.e. horizontal lines drawn using moveTo-lineTo-stroke as wide as the section is, appearing in the content stream column-wise sorted. There may be still more implicit assumptions true for the sample PDF.
public class DividerAwareTextExtrationStrategy extends LocationTextExtractionStrategy implements ExtRenderListener
{
//
// constructor
//
/**
* The constructor accepts top and bottom margin lines in user space y coordinates
* and left and right margin lines in user space x coordinates.
* Text outside those margin lines is ignored.
*/
public DividerAwareTextExtrationStrategy(float topMargin, float bottomMargin, float leftMargin, float rightMargin)
{
this.topMargin = topMargin;
this.bottomMargin = bottomMargin;
this.leftMargin = leftMargin;
this.rightMargin = rightMargin;
}
//
// Divider derived section support
//
public List<Section> getSections()
{
List<Section> result = new ArrayList<Section>();
// TODO: Sort the array columnwise. In case of the OP's document, the lines already appear in the
// correct order, so there was no need for sorting in the POC.
LineSegment previous = null;
for (LineSegment line : lines)
{
if (previous == null)
{
result.add(new Section(null, line));
}
else if (Math.abs(previous.getStartPoint().get(Vector.I1) - line.getStartPoint().get(Vector.I1)) < 2) // 2 is a magic number...
{
result.add(new Section(previous, line));
}
else
{
result.add(new Section(previous, null));
result.add(new Section(null, line));
}
previous = line;
}
return result;
}
public class Section implements TextChunkFilter
{
LineSegment topLine;
LineSegment bottomLine;
final float left, right, top, bottom;
Section(LineSegment topLine, LineSegment bottomLine)
{
float left, right, top, bottom;
if (topLine != null)
{
this.topLine = topLine;
top = Math.max(topLine.getStartPoint().get(Vector.I2), topLine.getEndPoint().get(Vector.I2));
right = Math.max(topLine.getStartPoint().get(Vector.I1), topLine.getEndPoint().get(Vector.I1));
left = Math.min(topLine.getStartPoint().get(Vector.I1), topLine.getEndPoint().get(Vector.I1));
}
else
{
top = topMargin;
left = leftMargin;
right = rightMargin;
}
if (bottomLine != null)
{
this.bottomLine = bottomLine;
bottom = Math.min(bottomLine.getStartPoint().get(Vector.I2), bottomLine.getEndPoint().get(Vector.I2));
right = Math.max(bottomLine.getStartPoint().get(Vector.I1), bottomLine.getEndPoint().get(Vector.I1));
left = Math.min(bottomLine.getStartPoint().get(Vector.I1), bottomLine.getEndPoint().get(Vector.I1));
}
else
{
bottom = bottomMargin;
}
this.top = top;
this.bottom = bottom;
this.left = left;
this.right = right;
}
//
// TextChunkFilter
//
@Override
public boolean accept(TextChunk textChunk)
{
// TODO: This code only checks the text chunk starting point. One should take the
// whole chunk into consideration
Vector startlocation = textChunk.getStartLocation();
float x = startlocation.get(Vector.I1);
float y = startlocation.get(Vector.I2);
return (left <= x) && (x <= right) && (bottom <= y) && (y <= top);
}
}
//
// ExtRenderListener implementation
//
/**
* <p>
* This method stores targets of <code>moveTo</code> in {@link #moveToVector}
* and targets of <code>lineTo</code> in {@link #lineToVector}. Any unexpected
* contents or operations result in clearing of the member variables.
* </p>
* <p>
* So this method is implemented for files with divider lines exactly like in
* the OP's sample file.
* </p>
*
* @see ExtRenderListener#modifyPath(PathConstructionRenderInfo)
*/
@Override
public void modifyPath(PathConstructionRenderInfo renderInfo)
{
switch (renderInfo.getOperation())
{
case PathConstructionRenderInfo.MOVETO:
{
float x = renderInfo.getSegmentData().get(0);
float y = renderInfo.getSegmentData().get(1);
moveToVector = new Vector(x, y, 1);
lineToVector = null;
break;
}
case PathConstructionRenderInfo.LINETO:
{
float x = renderInfo.getSegmentData().get(0);
float y = renderInfo.getSegmentData().get(1);
if (moveToVector != null)
{
lineToVector = new Vector(x, y, 1);
}
break;
}
default:
moveToVector = null;
lineToVector = null;
}
}
/**
* This method adds the current path to {@link #lines} if it consists
* of a single line, the operation is no no-op, and the line is
* approximately horizontal.
*
* @see ExtRenderListener#renderPath(PathPaintingRenderInfo)
*/
@Override
public Path renderPath(PathPaintingRenderInfo renderInfo)
{
if (moveToVector != null && lineToVector != null &&
renderInfo.getOperation() != PathPaintingRenderInfo.NO_OP)
{
Vector from = moveToVector.cross(renderInfo.getCtm());
Vector to = lineToVector.cross(renderInfo.getCtm());
Vector extent = to.subtract(from);
if (Math.abs(20 * extent.get(Vector.I2)) < Math.abs(extent.get(Vector.I1)))
{
LineSegment line;
if (extent.get(Vector.I1) >= 0)
line = new LineSegment(from, to);
else
line = new LineSegment(to, from);
lines.add(line);
}
}
moveToVector = null;
lineToVector = null;
return null;
}
/* (non-Javadoc)
* @see com.itextpdf.text.pdf.parser.ExtRenderListener#clipPath(int)
*/
@Override
public void clipPath(int rule)
{
}
//
// inner members
//
final float topMargin, bottomMargin, leftMargin, rightMargin;
Vector moveToVector = null;
Vector lineToVector = null;
final List<LineSegment> lines = new ArrayList<LineSegment>();
}
(DividerAwareTextExtrationStrategy.java)
It can be used like this
String extractAndStore(PdfReader reader, String format, int from, int to) throws IOException
{
StringBuilder builder = new StringBuilder();
for (int page = from; page <= to; page++)
{
PdfReaderContentParser parser = new PdfReaderContentParser(reader);
DividerAwareTextExtrationStrategy strategy = parser.processContent(page, new DividerAwareTextExtrationStrategy(810, 30, 20, 575));
List<Section> sections = strategy.getSections();
int i = 0;
for (Section section : sections)
{
String sectionText = strategy.getResultantText(section);
Files.write(Paths.get(String.format(format, page, i)), sectionText.getBytes("UTF8"));
builder.append("--\n")
.append(sectionText)
.append('\n');
i++;
}
builder.append("\n\n");
}
return builder.toString();
}
(DividerAwareTextExtraction.java method extractAndStore)
Applying this method to pages 319 and 320 of your sample PDF
PdfReader reader = new PdfReader("20150211600.PDF");
String content = extractAndStore(reader, new File(RESULT_FOLDER, "20150211600.%s.%s.txt").toString(), 319, 320);
(DividerAwareTextExtraction.java test test20150211600_320)
results in
--
do(s) bem (ns) exceder o seu crédito, depositará, no prazo de 3 (três)
dias, a diferença, sob pena de ser tornada sem efeito a arrematação
[...]
EDITAL DE INTIMAÇÃO DE ADVOGADOS
RELAÇÃO Nº 0041/2015
--
ADV: RODRIGO TADEU PIMENTA DE OLIVEIRA (OAB 16752/
SC)
Processo 0033473-16.2010.8.24.0023 (023.10.033473-6) - Ação Penal
Militar - Procedimento Ordinário - Militar - Autor: Ministério Público
do Estado de Santa Catarina - Réu: João Gabriel Adler - Publicada a
sentença neste ato, lida às partes e intimados os presentes. Registre-se.
A defesa manifesta o interesse em recorrer da sentença.
--
ADV: RODRIGO TADEU PIMENTA DE OLIVEIRA (OAB 16752/
SC), CARLOS ROBERTO PEREIRA (OAB 29179/SC), ROBSON
LUIZ CERON (OAB 22475/SC)
Processo 0025622-86.2011.8.24.0023 (023.11.025622-3) - Ação
[...]
1, NIVAEL MARTINS PADILHA, Mat. 928313-7, ANDERSON
VOGEL e ANTÔNIO VALDEMAR FORTES, no ato deprecado.
--
--
ADV: RODRIGO TADEU PIMENTA DE OLIVEIRA (OAB 16752/
SC)
Processo 0006958-36.2013.8.24.0023 (023.13.006958-5) - Ação Penal
Militar - Procedimento Ordinário - Crimes Militares - Autor: Ministério
Público do Estado de Santa Catarina - Réu: Pedro Conceição Bungarten
- Ficam intimadas as partes, da decisão de fls. 289/290, no prazo de
05 (cinco) dias.
--
ADV: RODRIGO TADEU PIMENTA DE OLIVEIRA (OAB 16752/
SC), ROBSON LUIZ CERON (OAB 22475/SC)
Processo 0006967-95.2013.8.24.0023 (023.13.006967-4) - Ação Penal
[...]
a presença dos réus no ato deprecado.
--
ADV: RODRIGO TADEU PIMENTA DE OLIVEIRA (OAB 16752/
SC)
Processo 0016809-02.2013.8.24.0023 - Ação Penal Militar -
[...]
prazo de 05 (cinco) dias.
--
ADV: RODRIGO TADEU PIMENTA DE OLIVEIRA (OAB 16752/
SC), ELIAS NOVAIS PEREIRA (OAB 30513/SC), ROBSON LUIZ
CERON (OAB 22475/SC)
Processo 0021741-33.2013.8.24.0023 - Ação Penal Militar -
[...]
a presença dos réus no ato deprecado.
--
ADV: RODRIGO TADEU PIMENTA DE OLIVEIRA (OAB 16752/
SC)
Processo 0024568-17.2013.8.24.0023 - Ação Penal Militar -
[...]
do CPPM
--
ADV: RODRIGO TADEU PIMENTA DE OLIVEIRA (OAB 16752/
SC)
Processo 0034522-87.2013.8.24.0023 - Ação Penal Militar -
[...]
diligências, consoante o art. 427 do CPPM
--
ADV: SANDRO MARCELO PEROTTI (OAB 8949/SC), NOEL
ANTÔNIO BARATIERI (OAB 16462/SC), RODRIGO TADEU
PIMENTA DE OLIVEIRA (OAB 16752/SC)
Processo 0041634-10.2013.8.24.0023 - Ação Penal Militar -
Procedimento Ordinário - Crimes Militares - Autor: M. P. E. - Réu: J. P.
D. - Defiro a juntada dos documentos de pp. 3214-3217. Oficie-se com
urgência à Comarca de Porto União (ref. Carta Precatória n. 0000463-
--
15.2015.8.24.0052), informando a habilitação dos procuradores. Intime-
se, inclusive os novos constituídos da designação do ato.
--
ADV: SANDRO MARCELO PEROTTI (OAB 8949/SC), NOEL
ANTÔNIO BARATIERI (OAB 16462/SC), RODRIGO TADEU
PIMENTA DE OLIVEIRA (OAB 16752/SC)
Processo 0041634-10.2013.8.24.0023 - Ação Penal Militar -
[...]
imprescindível a presença dos réus no ato deprecado.
--
ADV: RODRIGO TADEU PIMENTA DE OLIVEIRA (OAB 16752/
SC)
Processo 0043998-52.2013.8.24.0023 - Ação Penal Militar -
[...]
de parcelas para desconto remuneratório. Intimem-se.
--
ADV: RODRIGO TADEU PIMENTA DE OLIVEIRA (OAB 16752/
SC)
Processo 0049304-02.2013.8.24.0023 - Ação Penal Militar -
[...]
Rel. Ângela Maria Silveira).
--
ADV: ROBSON LUIZ CERON (OAB 22475/SC)
Processo 0000421-87.2014.8.24.0023 - Ação Penal Militar -
[...]
prazo de 05 (cinco) dias.
--
ADV: RODRIGO TADEU PIMENTA DE OLIVEIRA (OAB 16752/
SC)
Processo 0003198-45.2014.8.24.0023 - Ação Penal Militar -
[...]
de 05 (cinco) dias.
--
ADV: ISAEL MARCELINO COELHO (OAB 13878/SC), ROBSON
LUIZ CERON (OAB 22475/SC)
Processo 0010380-82.2014.8.24.0023 - Ação Penal Militar -
Procedimento Ordinário - Crimes Militares - Autor: Ministério Público
Estadual - Réu: Vilson Diocimar Antunes - HOMOLOGO o pedido
de desistência. Intime-se a defesa para o que preceitua o artigo 417,
§2º, do Código de Processo Penal Militar.
(shortened a bit for obvious reasons)
Divide at colored headers
In a comment the OP wrote:
One little thing more, how can I identify a font size /color change inside section? I need that in some cases where there is no divider (only a bigger Title) (example page 346,"Armazém" should end the section)
As an example I extended the DividerAwareTextExtrationStrategy above to add the ascender lines of text in a given color to the already found divider lines:
public class DividerAndColorAwareTextExtractionStrategy extends DividerAwareTextExtrationStrategy
{
//
// constructor
//
public DividerAndColorAwareTextExtractionStrategy(float topMargin, float bottomMargin, float leftMargin, float rightMargin, BaseColor headerColor)
{
super(topMargin, bottomMargin, leftMargin, rightMargin);
this.headerColor = headerColor;
}
//
// DividerAwareTextExtrationStrategy overrides
//
/**
* As the {@link DividerAwareTextExtrationStrategy#lines} are not
* properly sorted anymore (the additional lines come after all
* divider lines of the same column), we have to sort that {@link List}
* first.
*/
@Override
public List<Section> getSections()
{
Collections.sort(lines, new Comparator<LineSegment>()
{
@Override
public int compare(LineSegment o1, LineSegment o2)
{
Vector start1 = o1.getStartPoint();
Vector start2 = o2.getStartPoint();
float v1 = start1.get(Vector.I1), v2 = start2.get(Vector.I1);
if (Math.abs(v1 - v2) < 2)
{
v1 = start2.get(Vector.I2);
v2 = start1.get(Vector.I2);
}
return Float.compare(v1, v2);
}
});
return super.getSections();
}
/**
* The ascender lines of text rendered using a fill color approximately
* like the given header color are added to the divider lines.
*/
@Override
public void renderText(TextRenderInfo renderInfo)
{
if (approximates(renderInfo.getFillColor(), headerColor))
{
lines.add(renderInfo.getAscentLine());
}
super.renderText(renderInfo);
}
/**
* This method checks whether two colors are approximately equal. As the
* sample document only uses CMYK colors, only this comparison has been
* implemented yet.
*/
boolean approximates(BaseColor colorA, BaseColor colorB)
{
if (colorA == null || colorB == null)
return colorA == colorB;
if (colorA instanceof CMYKColor && colorB instanceof CMYKColor)
{
CMYKColor cmykA = (CMYKColor) colorA;
CMYKColor cmykB = (CMYKColor) colorB;
float c = Math.abs(cmykA.getCyan() - cmykB.getCyan());
float m = Math.abs(cmykA.getMagenta() - cmykB.getMagenta());
float y = Math.abs(cmykA.getYellow() - cmykB.getYellow());
float k = Math.abs(cmykA.getBlack() - cmykB.getBlack());
return c+m+y+k < 0.01;
}
// TODO: Implement comparison for other color types
return false;
}
final BaseColor headerColor;
}
(DividerAndColorAwareTextExtractionStrategy.java)
In renderText we recognize texts in the headerColor and add their respective top line to the lines list.
Beware: we add the ascender line of each chunk in the given color. We actually should join the ascender lines of all text chunks forming a single header line. As the blue header lines in the sample document consist of merely a single chunk, we don't need to in this sample code. A generic solution would have to be appropriately extended.
As the lines are not properly sorted anymore (the additional ascender lines come after all divider lines of the same column), we have to sort that list first.
Please be aware that the Comparator used here is not really proper: It ignores a certain difference in the x coordinate which makes it not really transitive. It only works if the individual lines of the same column have approximately the same starting x coordinate differing clearly from those of different columns.
In a test run (cf. DividerAndColorAwareTextExtraction.java method test20150211600_346) the found sections are also split at the blue headings "Armazém" and "Balneário Camboriú".
Please be aware of the restrictions I pointed out above. If e.g. you want to split at the grey headings in your sample document, you'll have to improve the methods above as those headings don't come in a single chunk.
| 2023-11-24T01:27:17.760571 | https://example.com/article/4199 |
With The Witcher 3 not to far off and looking pretty darn impressive, now would be a good time to catch up on the earlier games in the series. Steam has you covered by making both The Witcher and its sequel, The Witcher 2: Assassins of Kings, free this weekend.
If I were you, I'd head straight to the superior sequel to get a quick Witcher fix this weekend. Whilst both games benefited from generous post-release patches, The Witcher 2 is still the better of the two. If the adventures of Geralt are impressing you, then you can buy both games for 80 percent off until late on Sunday. The Witcher is £1.39/$1.99 and the sequel is £2.99/$3.99. | 2023-08-24T01:27:17.760571 | https://example.com/article/2747 |
Nyheter
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Get a taste of the upcoming campaign! The new website is packed with information and helpful resources on work-related musculoskeletal disorders and why we must manage them. More tools and resources will be added to the website, in several languages...Vis mer | 2023-09-08T01:27:17.760571 | https://example.com/article/7501 |
August 2017
Welch College (TN) will officially dedicate its new 65-acre campus in Gallatin, TN on September 29th.
Hurricane aftermath update from President Celelli regarding South Texas School of Christian Studies: The eye of the storm passed approximately 30 miles north of Corpus Christi with approximately 100 mph winds. The storm surge stayed below 6 feet. The campus sustained some damage to equipment but no destruction of buildings. They’ve cancelled classes until further notice – hoping to be up and running again by next week.
For an update on the hurricane impact on College of Biblical Studies – Houston, you can read the report on their website here. Do pray for our brothers and sisters who are on the front lines of this devastation and for those who are directly affected. | 2024-03-06T01:27:17.760571 | https://example.com/article/1046 |
Though everyone living in Surrey has unique preferences about how they want their outdoor space to look, keeping them clean is a must if you want to maintain their visual appeal. Though numerous companies offering garden waste clearance services are scattered all over Surrey, there are a few tips you can follow to maintain their flawless condition. Though following those might be a bit time-consuming, the garden will generate less waste and look tidier.
Need Garden Waste Clearance In Surrey? 4 Tips To Keep The Space Clean
Trim Hedges
One of the primary reasons why gardeners focus on trimming hedges is because they don’t cost much but can improve the beauty of the outdoor space drastically. Just some little touches will make the garden look tidier and neater. After the top part of the hedges has been trimmed, don’t forget to clear the waste that has been generated.
Sort Out Borders
Two prime benefits of sorting out borders on a regular basis are that it helps in keeping the areas surrounding the trees clean and facilitate the proper growth of the plants. Just do it on a regular basis and you will realise that sorting out border is neither complicated nor time-consuming.
Remove Fallen Fruits
If there are fruit trees in your garden, you will often notice fallen fruits on the ground. Though this is nothing you need to worry about, make sure you pick them up if don’t want the garden to look messy. Opt for Garden Waste Clearance in Surrey and get rid of them as soon as possible to prevent them from becoming mushy or get covered in flies with a day or two. They might even rot and form a layer of mush over the grass.
Clean Greenhouses
You can make your greenhouses look brand new for a longer period of time by just wiping them at frequent intervals. This will make the outdoor space look different and you don’t have to waste your money again to buy a new greenhouse within the next few years. Though cleaning the greenhouse is quite a boring task for many, it helps in making the space look bigger.
Though it is highly advisable to follow the tips stated above if you are willing to maintain the beauty of your garden, opt for garden waste clearance services also to get rid of the waste generated. | 2023-10-19T01:27:17.760571 | https://example.com/article/1130 |
Tag Archives: don draper happy
If you do a good enough job inventing yourself you will find your way into a world you want to live in. – The Chair
It occurred to me when swamped in a myriad of student scripts that it is the perception of many more than one person under the age of 25 that we are living in post apocalyptic times. Don’t keep telling them, this is not normal. They get it. Believe me.
They know
I’m not sure what to do with this since I don’t necessarily disagree. So I went to see a new documentary film called The Gospel According to Andre, which traces the life of former Vogue creative director and well-known fashion icon Andre Leon Talley.
Mr. Talley is a huge 6’6” gay African American man of a certain age who grew up in a time of segregation in Durham, North Carolina, has a masters degree from Brown University in French literature and for a number of years in the 1970s was the Paris bureau chief of Women’s Wear Daily. Not to mention he is friends with every major designer on the planet. He has also for decades had a reputation for being a character.
OK.. maybe an understatement
This is often the kind word used for flamboyant, larger-than-life gay men of any age. The unkind words – well, we all know what they are, so there is no reason to repeat them.
What does bear repeating is this: Gay men like Mr. Talley are not merely characters. They are studied human beings who, when faced with marginalization and oppression consciously choose and hone a character to be and use it in order to be the person they want to become.
They, or shall I say we – after all, I refer to myself here in the third person and as an inanimate object – may initially be seen as a bit of a joke to some but what’s presented is dead serious.
Like one’s choice of clothing (Note: Mr. Talley’s being luxuriously bold printed flowing caftans that I could never pull off as anything other than draperies, and even that’s doubtful), it becomes, in Mr. Talley’s words, one’s armor. It is what makes you feel empowered enough to navigate – the more unkind words are claw or climb – to the places you long to but fear you never will.
Hello have you met Iris #werk
Yes, we all make these choices daily. Whether we choose to acknowledge, admit or even know it or not is an entirely different story.
I have spent decades observing, meeting and writing about successful people in pop culture as a writer, journalist, social climber, friend and wanna be acquaintance, and one of the few traits every one of them had in common was a fierce understanding of their talent(s) and an evolving plan in how they were going to present themselves (and it) to the world.
They often don’t do it alone. Many times they begin, or even continue to thrive, by imitating other people they admire. Still, what they eventually evolve to becomes uniquely them – even if it’s more often than not an amalgam of quite of bit of what came before them, and then some.
We see you Little Edie
In Mr. Talley’s case it was a little bit iconic Vogue editor Diana Vreeland (his first mentor in fashion), his grandmother and other churchwomen he grew up with in the Jim Crow South, and a bunch of fellow fashion-obsessed contemporaries he met at Brown and RISD, among many others. This was then mixed with major dollops of himself to become the person you see in the film with the grand lifestyle and laundry list of achievements.
For the rest of us – well, what we’ve done has gotten us the experiences and lives we’ve all had up to this point. They might not all be the subject of a feature film (Note: Though each probably could be) but are a result of every choice we have made – both consciously and unconsciously.
And as any decent writer can tell you it’s always better to at least actively contribute to your own narrative, even if you can’t totally control it.
Yes, this makes all the difference. Rather than acted upon, you are acting out – or being out, proudly – using your smarts to get you to where you want to go in a world that to you might often seem post apocalyptic. It offers that many opportunities.
A dose of confidence helps too
But this is the way that it was – and probably always was – for many of us, and so many others who won’t or up until recently still refused to acknowledge it. Not to mention, it is the way it seems to be for too many now.
It is most certainly what many of my current students are feeling and writing about judging from the pile of scripts I’ve just gotten through. Of eight screenplays in one class, six were set in post apocalyptic worlds. That’s 75%. The seventh was about an inanimate object in a pushed fictional reality – so draw your own conclusions there – and the eighth was set in a foreign country its young protagonist had never been to nor successfully navigates until we get the feeling that, at the very end, perhaps she just…may?
I’m intrigued…
Though the veneer changes it would seem the circumstances of the world are likely just as crazy as they’ve ever been. So as a default human warrior you want to choose an arsenal to make you strong, to make you feel comfortable enough in your own skin to do your best AND to keep you safe in the inevitable tough times.
Choosing a persona is one way to do this and, no, it’s not about being phony even though technically the word is derived from the Latin term for a theatrical mask. That is according to my husband, who is always annoyingly right about things I am so sure of.
So…since he is so…grrr…correct about so many things and the secret to a happy marriage is admitting when you are wrong even when you still want to insist you are smarter despite all evidence to the contrary – why don’t we just compromise (yuck) and use the more modern word everybody and their mother has adopted for this instead– branding.
I like the sound of that!
Yes (ugh) choosing a version of who you are to get you through – with all of the accouterments that entails – both visually and intellectually – is nothing more than an old strategy for what it turns out is the not so new technique of…blech….modern day branding.
And be assured you couldn’t possible hate that word any more than I already do. In case you didn’t know.
But like broccoli and brussell sprouts with nothing more than lots of olive oil, salt and pepper and perhaps a hint of good balsamic, we can ALL grow to love it. (Note: Maybe). Because it WILL make it easier for the world to see YOU – or at least a side of you – that will best showcase an already impressive and/or outstanding aspect of yourself and get you where you want to go. (Note: Trust me, I learned this the hard way).
That is, if like Mr. Talley, you’re bold enough to show a true part of who you really are deep down inside. | 2023-09-25T01:27:17.760571 | https://example.com/article/1301 |
PSE AND LABATT USA ANNOUNCE PARTNERSHIP IN COBBLESTONE DISTRICT
BUFFALO, N.Y. (April 26, 2017) --- Pegula Sports and Entertainment today joined Labatt USA to announce development plans for 79 Perry, which was purchased by PSE earlier this year. The more than 70,000 square foot building, constructed in 1919 as a manufacturing plant, will be redeveloped into a mixed-use facility that includes retail, commercial and residential space. Labatt USA will serve as 79 Perry’s anchor tenant, partnering with PSE to create an innovative beer and brewing destination, dubbed the “John Labatt Project.” It will feature a ground floor restaurant and pilot brewery where beer drinkers can taste, experience and influence new beer development for Labatt.
“Upon completing the purchase of this historic property, our team thoroughly examined the needs of the Cobblestone district and its surrounding area,” said Russ Brandon, PSE’s managing partner and president. “We determined that there is a great need for another regional attraction that also features a permanent residential component. Thanks to our partners at Labatt USA, we are going to open a destination that appeals to community members from Western New York and beyond, creating a far-reaching impact.”
79 Perry’s main attraction, the “John Labatt Project,” will celebrate the rich heritage of Labatt Beer and the city of Buffalo while creating the next era for Labatt that connects to the vitality of the district. Visitors will be able to experience the brewing process in action and help Labatt explore new beer styles, while enjoying authentic ethnic foods from Buffalo’s storied past. The environment will highlight the industrial and innovative spirit of Buffalo, while giving a nod to the rebirth of the Cobblestone district.
Labatt USA will also relocate its Buffalo-based US corporate headquarters within the 79 Perry’s commercial space, furthering its strong connection to Buffalo that became magnified when the company moved to Buffalo from Norwalk, Connecticut in 2007. Labatt USA’s workforce has grown by 40% in the last three years and now includes 56 employees.
“Our partnership with PSE is a pivotal moment for Labatt in the US. We are taking our decades long commitment to the Buffalo Niagara region, and creating a destination where we can have a new conversation with our most loyal beer drinkers that will influence innovation for Labatt throughout the country,” said Glen Tibbits, general manager of Labatt USA. “This is a natural evolution for both partners, and an amazing opportunity for beer, sports and downtown Buffalo. Now, bring on the Cup!”
PSE will be pursuing additional design elements that highlight 79 Perry’s historical elements and will be making every effort to utilize Western New York’s local workforce through the design and construction process. Additional plans and the project timetable will be announced in the future.
About Labatt USA
Labatt USA, headquartered in Buffalo, New York, has imported Labatt Blue and Labatt Blue Light from Canada since 1951. Today, Labatt Blue is America’s top-selling Canadian beer. With a clean, refreshing taste, light color, slight hop aroma, good balance, fruity character and a slightly sweet taste, Labatt Blue has become the premier Canadian pilsener in the Great Lakes region and expansion markets across the United States.
First brewed in Canada in 1847, Labatt continues to carry on the tradition and heritage of the great outdoors. | 2024-01-06T01:27:17.760571 | https://example.com/article/8974 |
/*
* Copyright (c) 2014-2019 Meltytech, LLC
*
* This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
* it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
* the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
* (at your option) any later version.
*
* This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
* but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
* MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
* GNU General Public License for more details.
*
* You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
* along with this program. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
*/
import QtQuick 2.2
import QtQuick.Layouts 1.1
import QtQuick.Controls 1.1
RowLayout {
id: root
property int minimumValue: 0
property int maximumValue: 99
property int value: 0
property alias undoButtonVisible: undoButton.visible
property alias saveButtonVisible: saveButton.visible
signal setDefaultClicked()
signal saveDefaultClicked()
spacing: 0
TextField {
id: timeField
text: filter.timeFromFrames(clamp(value, minimumValue, maximumValue))
horizontalAlignment: TextInput.AlignRight
validator: RegExpValidator {regExp: /^\s*(\d*:){0,2}(\d*[.;:])?\d*\s*$/}
onEditingFinished: value = filter.framesFromTime(text)
Keys.onDownPressed: decrementAction.trigger()
Keys.onUpPressed: incrementAction.trigger()
onFocusChanged: if (focus) selectAll()
}
Button {
id: decrementButton
iconName: 'list-remove'
iconSource: 'qrc:///icons/oxygen/32x32/actions/list-remove.png'
tooltip: qsTr('Decrement')
implicitWidth: 20
implicitHeight: 20
MouseArea {
anchors.fill: parent
onPressed: decrementAction.trigger()
onPressAndHold: decrementTimer.start()
onReleased: decrementTimer.stop()
}
Timer {
id: decrementTimer
repeat: true
interval: 200
triggeredOnStart: true
onTriggered: decrementAction.trigger()
}
}
Button {
id: incrementButton
iconName: 'list-add'
iconSource: 'qrc:///icons/oxygen/32x32/actions/list-add.png'
tooltip: qsTr('Increment')
implicitWidth: 20
implicitHeight: 20
MouseArea {
anchors.fill: parent
onPressed: incrementAction.trigger()
onPressAndHold: incrementTimer.start()
onReleased: incrementTimer.stop()
}
Timer {
id: incrementTimer
repeat: true
interval: 200
triggeredOnStart: true
onTriggered: incrementAction.trigger()
}
}
UndoButton {
id: undoButton
onClicked: root.setDefaultClicked()
}
SaveDefaultButton {
id: saveButton
onClicked: root.saveDefaultClicked()
}
Action {
id: decrementAction
onTriggered: value = Math.max(value - 1, minimumValue)
}
Action {
id: incrementAction
onTriggered: value = Math.min(value + 1, maximumValue)
}
function clamp(x, min, max) {
return Math.max(min, Math.min(max, x))
}
}
| 2024-07-23T01:27:17.760571 | https://example.com/article/7340 |
load("@io_bazel_rules_go//go:def.bzl", "go_library")
go_library(
name = "go_default_library",
srcs = [
"auth.go",
"auth_external.go",
"auth_sha1.go",
"call.go",
"conn.go",
"conn_other.go",
"dbus.go",
"decoder.go",
"doc.go",
"encoder.go",
"export.go",
"homedir.go",
"homedir_dynamic.go",
"message.go",
"object.go",
"sig.go",
"transport_generic.go",
"transport_unix.go",
"variant.go",
"variant_lexer.go",
"variant_parser.go",
] + select({
"@io_bazel_rules_go//go/platform:darwin_amd64": [
"conn_darwin.go",
"transport_darwin.go",
],
"@io_bazel_rules_go//go/platform:linux_amd64": [
"transport_unixcred_linux.go",
],
"//conditions:default": [],
}),
cgo = True,
importpath = "github.com/godbus/dbus",
visibility = ["//visibility:public"],
)
filegroup(
name = "package-srcs",
srcs = glob(["**"]),
tags = ["automanaged"],
visibility = ["//visibility:private"],
)
filegroup(
name = "all-srcs",
srcs = [":package-srcs"],
tags = ["automanaged"],
visibility = ["//visibility:public"],
)
| 2024-03-21T01:27:17.760571 | https://example.com/article/9190 |
Introduction {#s1}
============
*Plasmodium falciparum* malaria remains a major disease burden in the developing world [@pone.0012408-WHO1], chemotherapy being the foremost available tool for its control. Efficacious malaria treatment is presently dependent on the efficacy of artemisinin combination therapy (ACT), the global replacement of the previous mainstays, chloroquine and sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine [@pone.0012408-WHO1], [@pone.0012408-Bhattarai1]. Unfortunately, recent data suggests that *P. falciparum* resistance to ACT might be presently developing, both to its long half-life components but also -- and worryingly -- against the artemisinin based components [@pone.0012408-Dondorp1], [@pone.0012408-Noedl1]. The latter phenomenon has been mainly defined as an *in vivo* significant decrease in parasite reduction rate, manifested clinically by markedly longer parasite clearance times [@pone.0012408-Stepniewska1]. The molecular basis of this phenomenon is unclear, starting from the fact that most of these observations are not associated with altered artemisinin IC~50s~ in vitro [@pone.0012408-Dondorp1]. It is conceivable that this phenomenon is related with other observations by us [@pone.0012408-Thapar1] and others [@pone.0012408-Nakazawa1], [@pone.0012408-Nakazawa2] showing that antimalarials can interfere with the cell cycle development of the parasite, potentially constituting a general first step towards high grade resistance to antimalarial drugs.
Drug resistance has been widely associated with the action of efflux pumps, able to transport drugs out of the relevant cellular compartment, and thereby displacing them from their molecular targets [@pone.0012408-Sauvage1]. This action is expected to be potentiated through an increase in the availability of transporter proteins through enhanced gene transcriptional activity. In *P. falciparum* two transporters have been robustly associated with antimalarial resistance: PfCRT (chloroquine resistance transporter), a drug metabolite superfamily transporter coded by the *pfcrt* gene (MAL7P1.27) [@pone.0012408-Martin1], [@pone.0012408-Sanchez1], and the Pgh (P-glycoprotein homologue, coded by *pfmdr1* (PFE1150w)) an ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter superfamily member [@pone.0012408-Rohrbach1]. Two other ABC transporters potentially associated with *P. falciparum* drug resistance can be added - the homologues of the multidrug resistance-associated protein (MRP) type [@pone.0012408-Klokouzas1], [@pone.0012408-Martin2], [@pone.0012408-Mu1] coded by the *pfmrp1* (PFA0590w) and *pfmrp2* (PFL1410c) genes. Polymorphisms in these drug transporters have been associated with altered *in vitro* and/or *in vivo* responses to ACT components [@pone.0012408-Johnson1], [@pone.0012408-Lakshmanan1], [@pone.0012408-Lopes1], [@pone.0012408-Reed1], [@pone.0012408-Sidhu1], [@pone.0012408-Sidhu2], indicating that their common action might constitute a basis for wide range multidrug resistance phenotypes able to manage the new combinational therapy challenges faced by the parasite. Besides single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), enhanced *locus* expression can drive decreased drug sensitivity, a phenomenon well documented for *pfmdr1*, where gene duplication events are strongly associated to mefloquine (MQ) resistance [@pone.0012408-Price1], [@pone.0012408-Sidhu3] and lumefantrine decreased sensitivity [@pone.0012408-Price2].
The synthetic arylaminoalcohol MQ constitutes one of the central partner drugs in artemisinin combination therapy, widely used in South East Asia and South America. In SE Asia, the *in vivo* delayed clearance has been observed not only in artesunate monotherapy explorative regimens, but also associated to the regular mefloquine-artesunate ACT [@pone.0012408-Dondorp1].
We hypothesize that the observed clearance delay is associated with this phenomena, contributing for a survival advantage in a fraction of the parasite infection, by allowing an extended time for the induction and expression of key drug transporters, leading to a pivotal decreased intracellular drug exposure in the first phase of the treatment course.
Using MQ as a relevant and convenient reference ACT antimalarial, we have focused on monitoring changes in the cell cycle progression rate of three *P. falciparum* clones with different MQ susceptibilities, while in parallel detecting variations in transcript abundance of the *pfmdr1*, *pfcrt*, *pfmrp1* and *pfmrp2* genes.
Results {#s2}
=======
Parasites genetic characterization {#s2a}
----------------------------------
We have studied in parallel three *P. falciparum* clones, one MQ sensitive (W2) and two (3D7 and FCB) with decreased sensitivity. The *pfmdr1*, *pfcrt*, *pfmrp1* and *pfmrp2* ORF were fully sequenced to determine the genetic variability between the clones. The three clones, show two different main *pfmdr1* polymorphisms: a single nucleotide polymorphism at amino acid position 86 (N86 in 3D7, 86Y in W2 and FCB) and gene copy number variation (W2 and 3D7 harbouring one copy [@pone.0012408-Wilson1], with FCB carrying two copies [@pone.0012408-Sidhu3]). Numerous single nucleotide polymorphism differences were seen in the three remaining genes (GenBank accession numbers: GU797309, GU797310, GU797311, GU797312, GU797315, GU797316).
*Plasmodium falciparum* cell cycle progression alterations driven by mefloquine {#s2b}
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
*In vitro* MQ 50% inhibitory concentration (IC~50~) of W2, 3D7 and FCB clones were in average from 6 independent assays 10±3.3nM, 50±16.9nM and 50±14.1nM respectively. As for IC~99~ the average results was 44±13.9nM, 146±36.1nM, 146±50.6nM for W2, 3D7 and FCB respectively. These concentrations were used for challenging the clones in the assay performed.
Exposure to MQ induced an unexpected and unambiguous delay in the cell cycle progression of the three tested parasites, as evaluated by Giemsa staining under light microscopy for the four counted stages ([Figure 1](#pone-0012408-g001){ref-type="fig"}). The degree of delay effect was clone dependent.
{#pone-0012408-g001}
At MQ IC~99~ a pronounced morphology arrest was seen in the three clones remaining essentially at the experimental initial ring stage with picnotic features. The quantification of end point RNA indicated the presence of viable cells, an observation supported for all tested parasites by their growth recovery 7--10 days after drug withdrawal ([Figure S1](#pone.0012408.s001){ref-type="supplementary-material"}).
Each gene has its own stage morphology expression profile, which once induced by drugs, it was previously shown that the expression is strictly correlated with the cell morphology [@pone.0012408-Ganesan1], [@pone.0012408-Gunasekera1]. The MQ induced cell morphology delay was also detectable through the analysis of the transcript accumulation patterns ([Figure 2](#pone-0012408-g002){ref-type="fig"}, green and red curves). Applying the described non-linear regression model to the cycle ([figure 3](#pone-0012408-g003){ref-type="fig"}), significant differences in the degree of cell morphology progression were seen with MQ IC~99~ exposure in the three clones (p\<0.05; [figure 4](#pone-0012408-g004){ref-type="fig"}: red lines). The calculated rate at IC~50~, compared to control was clone dependent. The effect was less pronounced in W2 parasites with approximately 15% delay (p = 0.23) *vs.* ∼40% for the MQ tolerant clones FCB and 3D7 (p\<0.01) ([Figure 4](#pone-0012408-g004){ref-type="fig"} and [Table 1](#pone-0012408-t001){ref-type="table"}). Similar cell cycle morphology delay events were also observed upon quinine exposure (IC~50~ and IC~90~) in exploratory 12 hour follow up assay ([Figure S2](#pone.0012408.s002){ref-type="supplementary-material"}).
{#pone-0012408-g002}
{#pone-0012408-g003}
{ref-type="fig"}, brown color). The wave frequency value (time needed to complete a cell cycle) for each fitted function (control, MQ IC~50~ and IC~99~) was used for the ratio calculation delay between treated and non treated parasite cultures ([Table 1](#pone-0012408-t001){ref-type="table"}). Statistical comparisons (t-tests) of treatment effects (control *vs.* MQ IC~50~ and IC~99~) were performed with the associated error of wave frequency value of different experiments per clone compared with control.](pone.0012408.g004){#pone-0012408-g004}
10.1371/journal.pone.0012408.t001
###### Cell cycle development and gene expression of parasites challenged with MQ IC~50~.
{#pone-0012408-t001-1}
Clones Cell cycle progression%[\*](#nt101){ref-type="table-fn"} (SE) *Pfcrt*%[†](#nt102){ref-type="table-fn"} (SE) *pfmdr1*%[†](#nt102){ref-type="table-fn"} (SE) *pfmrp2*%[†](#nt102){ref-type="table-fn"} (SE) *pfmrp1*%[†](#nt102){ref-type="table-fn"} (SE)
-------- --------------------------------------------------------------- ----------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------ ------------------------------------------------ ------------------------------------------------
W2 85.3 (12.9) 91.5 (5.6) 107.9 (9.5) 81.2 (9.8) 104.9 (11.8)
3D7 64.3 (8.1) 56.6 (16.6) 98.8 (6.4) 96.4 (14.9) 107.3 (22.9)
FCB 61.2 (10.4) 86.1 (6.3) 109.8 (11.2) 107.5 (26.8) 77.5 (24.5)
\- Cell cycle development percentage was calculated as the ratio of the time needed to complete a cycle obtained from the fitted wave function ([Figure 3](#pone-0012408-g003){ref-type="fig"}, equation I) of control and MQ IC~50~ experiments ([Figure 4](#pone-0012408-g004){ref-type="fig"}).
\- Gene expression percentage was calculated as the ratio of the time needed to complete a cycle obtained from the fitted damped wave function ([Figure 3](#pone-0012408-g003){ref-type="fig"}, equation II) of control and MQ IC~50~ experiments (data not shown).
Basal gene expression of transporter genes in W2, 3D7 and FCB {#s2c}
-------------------------------------------------------------
The *pfmdr1*, *pfcrt*, *pfmrp1* and *pfmrp2* cell cycle patterns of relative transcript abundance from control (i.e. non drug exposed) experiments for the reference 3D7 clone were similar to the available data at PlasmoDB [@pone.0012408-Aurrecoechea1] ([Figure 2](#pone-0012408-g002){ref-type="fig"}, black curves), using as endogenous control *seryl*-tRNA *synthetase* gene. In brief, *pfmdr1*, *pfcrt* and *pfmrp2* displayed the lowest levels of expression at approximately 24 hours (middle/late trophozoite stage) and highest amplitudes around 42--48 hours post invasion. *pfmrp1* revealed the previously described clearly different expression profile [@pone.0012408-Bozdech1], [@pone.0012408-Bozdech2], with a peak of expression during the development of trophozoites (12--24 hours post-invasion).
Comparing relative transcript abundance (R±SD) between the three clones at onset ([Figure 2](#pone-0012408-g002){ref-type="fig"}, time-point 0h), *pfmdr1* mRNAs showed higher levels in the FCB clone (18.15±2.84), as compared to W2 (14.18±0.99) and 3D7 (4.90±0.21) with a fold difference of 1.3 and 3.7 respectively. *Pfcrt* showed to be less expressed in the W2 (3.86±0.15) compared with 3D7 (7.40±1.90) and FCB (6.10±0.88) with a fold difference of 0.5 and 0.63 respectively. As for the *mrp* genes, *pfmrp2* gene showed higher expression for 3D7 (8.40±1.95) compared with W2 (5.06±0.13) and FCB (3.81±1.03) with a fold difference of 1.7 and 2.2 respectively while *pfmrp1* at time-point 0 the results was 3.5 fold difference between FCB (0.007±9^E-4^) and W2 (0.002±1^E-4^) and 1.75 fold comparing with 3D7 (0.004±6^E-4^).
Specific drug transporter genes induction by mefloquine {#s2d}
-------------------------------------------------------
The fact that the drug exposure led to a proliferative delay in the parasites stage created a new challenge on how to differentiate gene transcription levels affected by cell morphology from the direct action of the drug on the transcript accumulation of the studied genes. We solved this challenge through two approaches: **(1)** From the few possible comparative time-points (control *vs.* MQ exposure time-points that had statistically non distinguishable parasite morphology proportion differences (p\>0.05)), transcript abundance values were compared. The levels of significant gene expression modulation, within each clone upon MQ exposure, ranged from 0.6 to 5.8 fold: *pfmdr1* (0.6--1.5 fold), *pfcrt* (0.8--1.3 fold), *pfmrp2* (0.8--2.7 fold) and *pfmrp1* with the highest MQ driven induction (0.7--5.8) ([Table 2](#pone-0012408-t002){ref-type="table"}). **(2)** To complement this limited comparative point by point verification of drug direct action, which gave rise to few analyzable points, another analytical approach based on a non-linear regression analysis of gene expression over time was conducted for the MQ IC~50~ experiments. The calculated fold difference confirmed that the drug exposure was generally associated with mild changes in the expression of the genes ([figure 5](#pone-0012408-g005){ref-type="fig"}). Considering each gene at IC~50~ exposure: (a) The *pfmdr1* gene, was significantly more induced in the less MQ sensitivity clones 3D7 (1.35 fold, p = 0.029) and FCB (1.49 fold, p\<0.001), than in the more sensitive W2 (1.23 fold). Comparisons between the two less sensitive parasites showed that FCB can induce this gene significantly more than 3D7 (p = 0.003). (b) As for *pfmrp1*, our data show no statistical difference between the clones. (c) Concerning *pfcrt* gene, the W2 and 3D7 parasites appear to lack the capacity to significantly induce *pfcrt* upon MQ exposure (1.06 fold and 0.92 fold) compared to FCB (1.25 fold). (d) *Pfmrp2*, appears to significantly induce the less MQ sensitivity clones 3D7 (1.32 fold, p = 0.003) and FCB (1.46 fold, p = 0.023) compared with W2 (0.96 fold).
{#pone-0012408-g005}
10.1371/journal.pone.0012408.t002
###### Gene transcripts time points comparison in MQ exposed parasites with identical stage proportions.
{#pone-0012408-t002-2}
Clones Comparable time points[†](#nt104){ref-type="table-fn"} Comparable time points Chi-square *pfcrt* *pfmdr1* *pfmrp2* *pfmrp1*
--------- -------------------------------------------------------- ----------------------------------- --------- ------------------------------------------------- ----------- ---------- -------- --------------------------------------- --------------- ----------- ----- -------- --------------------------------------- --------------- ----------- ----- -------- --------------------------------------- --------------- ----------- ---- -------- ---------------------------------------
**W2** Control IC~50~ X^2^ **Fold diff** [\*](#nt103){ref-type="table-fn"} diff mean SD t-test P-value **Fold diff** diff mean SD t-test P-value **Fold diff** diff mean SD t-test P-value **Fold diff** diff mean SD t-test P-value
12 12 0.06 **1.2** −0.8 0.2 −6.1 0.00[\*](#nt103){ref-type="table-fn"} **1.2** −2.5 0.6 −5.2 0.01[\*](#nt103){ref-type="table-fn"} **1.5** −1.1 0.1 −17.2 0.00[\*](#nt103){ref-type="table-fn"} **0.7** 0 0 6 0.00[\*](#nt103){ref-type="table-fn"}
24 30 0.08 **1.3** −0.3 0.1 −4.7 0.01[\*](#nt103){ref-type="table-fn"} **1.5** −2 0.3 −8.1 0.00[\*](#nt103){ref-type="table-fn"} 1.3 −0.2 0.1 −2.4 0.08 1.2 0 0 −2.1 0.1
36 42 0.11 1.1 −0.3 1.5 −0.3 0.81 **0.7** 11.4 5.1 2.8 0.05[\*](#nt103){ref-type="table-fn"} 1.1 −0.4 0.4 −1.5 0.22 1 0 0 0 1
36 48 0.09 1 −0.1 1.5 0 0.97 **0.6** 14.4 5.4 3.3 0.03[\*](#nt103){ref-type="table-fn"} 1.2 −1 0.5 −2.4 0.07 0.6 0 0 1 0.38
Control IC~99~
0 6 0.95 **1.2** −0.8 0.2 −5.4 0.01[\*](#nt103){ref-type="table-fn"} **1.2** −3 0.9 −4.1 0.02[\*](#nt103){ref-type="table-fn"} **0.9** 0.7 0.2 5 0.01[\*](#nt103){ref-type="table-fn"} **3.2** 0 0 −17 0.00[\*](#nt103){ref-type="table-fn"}
6 18 0.5 0.9 0.5 0.4 1.5 0.2 1 0.4 1.6 0.3 0.79 1.2 −0.8 0.5 −1.9 0.13 **2.4** 0 0 −4.9 0.01[\*](#nt103){ref-type="table-fn"}
42 6 0.16 **0.8** 0.9 0.2 6.4 0.00[\*](#nt103){ref-type="table-fn"} **0.6** 9.8 1.1 11.4 0.00[\*](#nt103){ref-type="table-fn"} **0.8** 0.8 0.2 5.9 0.00[\*](#nt103){ref-type="table-fn"} **1.3** 0 0 −5.4 0.01[\*](#nt103){ref-type="table-fn"}
48 6 0.58 **1.2** −0.8 0.3 −3.8 0.02[\*](#nt103){ref-type="table-fn"} 1.1 −1.4 0.8 −2.1 0.1 1 0.1 0.2 0.7 0.52 **1.6** 0 0 −8.5 0.00[\*](#nt103){ref-type="table-fn"}
**3D7** Control IC~99~
42 6 0.43 0.5 0.7 2.1 0.4 0.72 0.6 −0.2 0.6 −0.4 0.71 0.9 3.2 3.1 1.2 0.28 0.4 0 0 −1.9 0.13
48 12 0.64 1.6 0.2 0.7 0.3 0.79 1 −0.5 0.6 −1 0.37 **2.7** −1.2 0.4 −3.8 0.02[\*](#nt103){ref-type="table-fn"} 5.2 0 0 −1.8 0.15
48 18 0.65 **1.1** 3.2 1.1 3.7 0.02[\*](#nt103){ref-type="table-fn"} 0.8 4 2.4 2 0.11 1.7 0.3 1.1 0.3 0.76 **5.8** 0 0 4.4 0.01[\*](#nt103){ref-type="table-fn"}
**FCB** Control IC~50~
6 12 0.09 0.9 1.7 1.5 1.4 0.24 0.9 2.1 1.4 1.9 0.14 1.3 −0.9 1 −1 0.37 1.2 0 0 −0.5 0.63
\*: Fold difference is represented in bold for the significant (t-test, p\<0.05) gene expression MQ induction.
: For each clone, the four morphological stages count in all time points from control experiments and MQ exposed were compared (Chi-square). Only the time points with same proportion of stages (no statistical difference, p\>0.05) are included in the table for MQ gene expression induction analysis with different ICs.
Discussion {#s3}
==========
Upon continuous MQ exposure we have documented a dose dependent delay of the parasite cell cycle, particularly among the two MQ less sensitive *P. falciparum* clones (3D7 and FCB). This observation prompts the discussion of its biological importance in terms of drug resistance response.
Mechanistically, the phenomenon of drug resistance is essentially associated with a decrease in the number of effective opportunities for the therapeutic drug to effectively engage to its target(s). Below a certain threshold of interaction rate, the pharmacodynamic effect of the drug will be reduced to a degree that makes it clinically ineffective (hence associated to a treatment failure). This can be achieved in the cell by decreasing drug concentration in the target cellular compartment through the action of transmembrane transporters. To this a reduced availability of the target can be added, particularly through a decrease in metabolic activity, potentially related with a slow down of the cell cycle.
In several clinically relevant biological systems -- notoriously in cancer cells - drug exposure leads to a noticeable slowing down in cell cycle progression, even to the point of stalling [@pone.0012408-Roninson1], [@pone.0012408-Varna1]. In parallel, drug driven cell cycle arrest in *P. falciparum* has been consistently described by us and others for several antimalarial drugs [@pone.0012408-Thapar1], [@pone.0012408-Nakazawa1] including MQ [@pone.0012408-Nakazawa2] and very recently chloroquine [@pone.0012408-Valderramos1]. *P. falciparum* dormant states are essentially refractory to antimalarial action [@pone.0012408-Thapar1] presumably due to its low metabolic activity status. Upon these observations, we speculate that the observed cell cycle delay behavior might functionally constitute a first stage towards this dormant state. The observed capacity of the different parasites clones to full recover growth, after 48 hours of intense MQ IC~99~ exposure, in different recrudescence time indirectly supports this suggestion.
The capacity to delay the intra-erythrocytic developmental cycle could therefore be an operational contributor for drug resistance, particularly when considering drugs with short half-lives, like artemisinins and quinine. Such a response could help the parasite to withstand the effects of the drug at its peak serum concentration, increasing the chances of survival as the drug concentration rapidly decreases in the circulatory system, due to elimination. The delay in the cycle might also be of importance for allowing time for a parallel action: the specific induction of drug transporters able to reduce the intra-cellular (or intra-compartment) concentrations of the drug. This action can in turn gain time for the process of metabolic shut off leading to a drug action refractory state based on the scarcity of drug targets.
Our results show a gene expression induction of generally less than 2 fold after MQ challenge, suggesting that these genes are actually inducible by this drug, though to a limited extent. Similar induction levels have been observed for *pfmdr1* (1.7 fold, when normalized for *hsp86*) in a northern blot based approach, after a 6h MQ treatment [@pone.0012408-Myrick1]. This data is also coherent with a trend of low *pfdhfr* gene transcriptional response previously reported upon exposure to the experimental antifolate WR99210 [@pone.0012408-Ganesan1], as well as to chloroquine [@pone.0012408-Gunasekera1]. It is to note that the observed relatively low induction of transcription seen in response to MQ does not exclude more significant responses upon exposure to other xenobiotics. Accordingly, treatment of the *P. falciparum* clone 3D7 with phenobarbital (a classical drug elimination inducer) for 48h was associated to an extensive increase in *pfmdr1* transcripts, and to a concordant reduction in drug susceptibility [@pone.0012408-Johnson2].
These observations raise the question on how important mild changes in gene expression can be in terms of the parasite response to the drug. When drug resistance is mainly based on direct modifications of the target, as in the case with antifolates, an increase in drug quantity of the latter will probably be irrelevant, since it is unlikely that the number of drug molecules will overcome the number of target proteins (considering a regular stoichiometric relationship of action). In the case of transporter proteins - assuming that they are not themselves targets for the drug - the situation is markedly different. One protein can transport a large number of molecules per time unit, and a simple 2 fold increase in this capacity may well have an impact on the effect of the drug. This is supported by *in vivo* and *in vitro* studies showing that a two fold gene copy number amplification of *pfmdr1* significantly affects the parasite response to MQ and other drugs [@pone.0012408-Price1], [@pone.0012408-Sidhu3], [@pone.0012408-Barnes1], [@pone.0012408-Cowman1]. Interestingly, the clones herein observed with the largest induction of transporter genes transcripts in response to MQ were also the less sensitive to the drug (3D7, FCB), suggesting a role of increased expression in the overall parasite drug response.
Our observations of significant parasite cycle delay upon drug exposure points this as a significant confounding factor in the analysis of parasite drug driven gene expression. Hence, we propose a simple non-linear regression model as a novel analytical tool to distinguish drug specific gene induction from the effect of the time changed gene expression variation associated to the cell cycle. This approach could be applied in future studies, as well as revisiting previous data that did not consider the phenomenon of drug driven cell cycle delay in *P. falciparum*.
In conclusion, MQ is able to induce expression of *pfmdr1*, *pfcrt*, *pfmrp1* and *pfmrp2* which, although mild, are potentially significant in aiding the parasite to evade antimalarial drug action. This occurs in the context of a prompt MQ driven cell cycle delay that potentially constitutes a further parallel mechanism for the parasite populations to avoid, or at least delay, antimalarial action.
Materials and Methods {#s4}
=====================
*P. falciparum* parasite clones {#s4a}
-------------------------------
*P. falciparum* 3D7 clone was obtained from Prof. D. Walliker (Department of Animal and population genetics, University of Edinburgh, UK), while parasite clones W2 (MRA-157) and FCB (MRA-309) were obtained from Malaria Research and Reference Reagent Resource Center (MR4, ATCC Massanas Virginia). The parasite lines were selected on the basis of their sensitivity to mefloquine hydrochloride (Sigma-Aldrich®, St.Louis, MO, USA) and their genetic background (sequences submitted to GenBank accession numbers: GU797309, GU797310, GU797311, GU797312, GU797313, GU797314, GU797315, GU797316).
Drug susceptibility determinations {#s4b}
----------------------------------
The inhibitory concentration of 50 and 99% for the three clones was assessed using an Histidine-Rich Protein 2 based Double-Site Sandwich Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay [@pone.0012408-Noedl2] followed by nonlinear regression analysis (<http://malaria.farch.net>).
*P. falciparum* in vitro culture {#s4c}
--------------------------------
The parasites were kept in culture using conventional methods [@pone.0012408-Trager1] in human O^+^ RBCs and Malaria Culture Medium, containing RPMI 1640 culture medium supplemented with 10% L-glutamine, 0.05% gentamicine (Gibco®/Invitrogen™, Carlsbad, CA, USA) and 10% human AB^+^ serum. Large scale culture of each clone was produced with 3% parasitaemia in 2.5% hematocrite and synchronized in early ring stage at least twice by applying the MACS® system (Miltenyi Biotec, Bergisch Gladbach, Germany). The batch was then divided for three experiments: one control culture (no drug added) and two cultures with MQ IC~50~ and IC~99~.concentration followed by spreading it in culture plates (2mL/well). At the time of reinvasion, early rings (time-point 0), two Giemsa-stained smears were made for examination of parasites stages, while three replicate wells of parasite culture were harvested for RNA extraction. This procedure was followed for the three experiments, in six hour time-point intervals up to 48 hours (total of 9 time-points analyses including time 0). The smears were fixed with methanol and stained with 5% Giemsa and visualization under light microscopy (1000× magnification). Their examination included counting 100 parasites, twice per slide (2 slides per time point), distinguishing four main morphological stages: early rings, late rings/early trophozoites, trophozoites and schizonts. A total count of 400 parasites per time-point, per experiment was performed. The experimental design was equally applied for the three clones analyzed (W2, 3D7 and FCB).
Molecular analysis {#s4d}
------------------
Parasite cultures collected for RNA extraction were centrifuged at 0.8 g-force for 2 min. 1.85 mL of supernatant were removed and 150 µL of PBS plus 300 µL of Lysis buffer (Applied Biosystems™, Fresno, CA, USA) were added. The mix was kept at −20°C until RNA extraction. RNA extraction was carried out using an ABIPRISM®6100 Nucleic Acid PrepStation® (Applied Biosystems™, Fresno, CA,USA) according to the recommendations of the manufacturer. Total RNA quality and quantity was measured using the AgilentRNA 6000 Pico total RNA assay in an Agilent2100 Bioanalyser™ (Santa Clara, CA, USA). Sample concentrations with RNA Integrity Number \>5 were normalized for each clone before cDNA synthesis (High-Capacity cDNA Reverse Transcription Kit (Applied Biosystems, Fresno, CA, USA)). Real-time analyses were performed in an ABIPRISM® 7900HT Sequence Detection System (Applied Biosystems™, Fresno, CA, USA) with gene specific MGB TaqMan® probes and primers. TaqMan® probes and primers for target gene *pfmdr1* were as previously published [@pone.0012408-Price1]. New designs were developed for *pfcrt*, *pfmrp1*, *pfmrp2* and for endogenous control gene [@pone.0012408-Bozdech2], [@pone.0012408-Gatton1] *seryl*-tRNA *synthetase* (PF07_0073) ([Table S1](#pone.0012408.s003){ref-type="supplementary-material"}). Amplification reactions were done in quadruplicate in 384 well plates with 10µl containing TaqMan® Gene Expression Mastermix (Applied Biosystems™, Fresno, CA, USA), 300nM of each forward and reverse primer, 100nM of TaqMan®probe and 2 µL of amount-normalized cDNA. The thermal cycle profile was 50°C for 2 min, 95°C for 10 min and forty cycles of 95°C for 15 s and 60°C for 1 min. The amplification efficiency (E) was estimated for each gene and used as a correction factor for relative gene expression quantification. All experimental threshold cycle values (Ct) were first transformed to adjust the RNA concentration adding to the Ct value the log~2~ RNA concentration of each clone. Relative gene expression was calculated as the ratio (R) between the transformed Ct values of target gene and internal control reference gene (PF07_0073), taking in account the amplification efficiency for each gene [@pone.0012408-Stahlberg1]. Calculations were conducted using the SAS 9.1 system for Windows™.
Determination of the drug exposure specific induction effect: time-point gene expression fold differences and the non-linear regression model approach {#s4e}
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
In order to distinguish the changes in cDNA abundance associated with the parasite cell cycle progression from the ones associated with drug exposure, two different approaches were performed:
### I. Direct comparisons {#s4e1}
Fold difference in transcript abundance was calculated in control *vs.* MQ exposed cultures only in time-points showing a statistically equal fractional composition of the four microscopically determined stages (Fisher test, df = 3, p\>0.05).
### II. Non linear regression analysis {#s4e2}
A wave function applied to the number of total parasites ring stage count throughout all time-points for each clone (**equation I** -- [figure 3](#pone-0012408-g003){ref-type="fig"}) was achieved (goodness of fit was R^2^\>0.9) (SigmaPlot™ 9.0). Specific parameters of this function were used to quantify the parasite delays in cell morphology (~cm~) imposed by MQ exposure. The wave frequency (b~cm~ ^−1^) from each fitted function (control, MQ IC~50~ and MQ IC~99~ exposed), corresponds to the time needed to complete a cycle and it was used to calculate the cell cycle delay based in the observation of the morphology development of the parasite between MQ exposed (IC~n~) and control (R~morphology~ = b~cm~ ^−1^ ~ICn~/b~cm~ ^−1^ ~control~). Statistical comparisons (t-tests) were performed with the associated error of the wave frequency parameter "b~cm~ ^−1^".
A similar approach, of applying a wave function, was performed in the gene transcripts data (~gt~). During the 48 hours exposure to MQ IC~50~, the associated delay in the cycle gene expression was calculated by comparing the wave frequency parameter "b~gt~ ^−1^" (R~gene\ transcripts~ = b~gt~ ^−1^ ~IC~/b~gt~ ^−1^ ~control~) obtained through a best fit of the gene expression data, this time in a damped wave function (**equation II** -- [figure 3](#pone-0012408-g003){ref-type="fig"}). Statistical comparisons (t-tests) were performed with the associated error of the wave frequency parameter "b~gt~ ^−1^".
The use of these equations allowed us to determine whether the expression profiles were solely stage-driven, or included a significant fraction associated with drug exposure:By its nature, this approach was only possible to apply to experimental outputs where sufficient data points were available for enabling fitting a sine function, being hence only applicable to gene transcripts data concerning IC~50~ and not to the IC~99~ drug level exposure.
Supporting Information {#s5}
======================
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Cell viability after MQ IC~99~ exposure. Parasite strains viability after challenged with continuous MQ IC~99~ (W2, 44nM; 3D7 and FCB, 146nM) for 48 hours analyzed by Histidine-Rich Protein 2 Double-Site Sandwich Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent. All strains had a growth recovery of 7--10 days after drug withdrawal. Error bars are SE of rate between day0 HRP2 and collected day.
(0.06 MB PDF)
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Click here for additional data file.
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Cell cycle morphology progressions upon quinine exposure (IC~50~ and IC~90~) after 12 hour follow up. Parasite stage percentage (Y axis) of W2, FCB and 3D7 strains after 12 hours (X axis) with continuous exposure of quinine IC~50~ and IC~90~. The counting of the parasites included 100 parasites, twice per slide (2 slides per different IC~s~ exposure), distinguishing four main morphological stages using light microscope: early rings, late rings/early trophozoites, trophozoites and schizonts.
(0.01 MB PDF)
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Click here for additional data file.
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TaqMan® probes and primers sequence.
(0.03 MB DOC)
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Click here for additional data file.
We greatly appreciate Prof. Ralph M Garruto for the valuable discussion and suggestions. We also thank Prof. Yngve Bergqvist and Doctor Daniel Blessborn from Högskolan, Dalarna for chromatographic measurement of mefloquine concentrations. MR4 for providing us with malaria parasites contributed by DE Kyle and TE Wellems. *P. falciparum* 3D7 malaria parasites were kindly supplied by the late Prof. D. Walliker.
**Competing Interests:**The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
**Funding:**This work was supported by project grants from the Swedish Development Cooperation Agency - Department for Research Cooperation (SWE 2005 - 0017, SWE 2005 - 4596, SWE-2007-174 and SWE-2005-4027). MIV and PEF are recipients of PhD grants from Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia (FCT)/Ministério da Ciência e Ensino Superior, Portugal - MCES (ref. SFRH/BD/28393/2006 and ref. SFRH/BD/28368/2006, respectively). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.
[^1]: Conceived and designed the experiments: MIV PEF UER AB JPG. Performed the experiments: MIV PEF BAS JPG. Analyzed the data: MIV PEF UER AT JPG. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: AB JPG. Wrote the paper: MIV PEF UER AB AT JPG.
| 2023-08-03T01:27:17.760571 | https://example.com/article/7449 |
Diversity is sorely lacking at many private Christian schools, some of which were originally founded to keep blacks out.
Nothing dismantles claims of “post-racial” colorblindness quite like white Christian schoolchildren casually debating how to say the n-word. A student from the First Academy in Orlando, Florida, was criticized recently on social media for an Instagram post asking whether it was more “respectful” to use the n-word with an “er” or an “a” at the end.
While the question was originally posted in June, it got renewed attention earlier this month when a New York DailyNews columnist posted it on Twitter. Leaders of the Black Lives Matter movement quickly spread it, decrying the post as another example of the racism bubbling up across America. The furor prompted the private Christian school to release a statement on “race relations.”
Sadly, the Instagram post is not that surprising, given the typical racial makeup of many Christian schools and their history of segregation.
While Catholic schools have existed throughout U.S. history, private Christian schools emerged en masse in the aftermath of the civil-rights movement.The Supreme Court declared public-school segregation unconstitutional in its unanimous Brown v. Board of Education decision in 1954. Many school systems, particularly across the South, resisted compliance while some families saw the handwriting on the wall and decided to act.
Fearful at the thought of their children mingling with black students, many white Christian families founded private “segregation academies” to skirt the law. Many were “Christian” institutions, and fundamentalist evangelicals founded several of the most prominent ones. Non-Catholic Christian schoolsdoubled their enrollments between 1961 and ’71.
Moral Majority founder Jerry Falwell, for example, started Lynchburg Christian Academy in 1967, when his town’s public schools integrated. Because Brown did not apply to private schools, institutions like Falwell’s could practice segregation while still receiving federal tax benefits. But all of this changed with the series of Supreme Court decisions in the late ’60s andearly ’70s that forced public schools to integrate and declared racially discriminatory private schools ineligible for tax-exempt status.
Despite pressure from the government, these private Christian schools refused to go quietly into the night. Some refused to cooperate with IRS inquiries, hiding their internal operations behind the banner of “religious freedom.” Others, such as Bob Jones University, proudly declared their racist policies. But most knew they needed to change their rhetoric in order to survive.
“During this period, private Christian schools had to construct a bigger rationale for their existence than wanting an all-white classroom,” says Seth Dowland, a religion professor and author of Family Values and the Rise of the Religious Right. “Leaders outside the South helped construct the rationale as combating secular humanism and their inculcating secularism and liberalism, even though the racial component was a huge part of the story as well.”
This ‘anti-liberalism’ line was enough to provide cover for these private Christian schools. Only a few actually incurred penalties from the IRS. And similar institutions flooded the American marketplace, positioning themselves as viable alternatives to public education for white families.
Between 1970 and 1980, enrollment in non-Catholic religious schools more than doubled, to 1.3 million from 561,000. And by the early 1980s, religious right leaders like Jerry Falwell and Tim LaHaye, bragged that evangelical Christians were opening new schools at a rate of three per day. While they figured out how to win the culture wars, these white Christian leaders figured they could retreat to private schools where they could teach children as they pleased.
These schools thrived throughout the following decades with predominately white student bodies and leadership. In a sweeping survey of Christian schools, journalist Paul Parsons estimated that minorities constituted less than 3 percent of the student population in most of these schools during the mid-1980s. In 1987, the Association for Christian Schools International’s executive board included 29 white people and exactly zero racial minorities.
That history has proven difficult to shake for today’s private Christian schools. The institutions are still overwhelmingly attended by children from wealthy white families. Forty-three percent of these private schools have student bodies that are at least 90 percent white. In many Southern Christian schools, not a single black person can be found. At others, only a handful of minority children attend.
These students are shaped by Christian schools curricula that purport to teach “traditional values.” Randall Balmer, a historian of religion at Dartmouth College and author of The Making of Evangelicalism, said many popular textbooks used in Christian schools teach American history in ways that privilege white culture. For example, the books often downplay the displacement of Native Americans or minimize slavery by noting its “positive effects,” such as introducing slaves to Christianity.
“Ideas matter, and they have consequences,” Balmer says. “If children are taught to heroicize European settlement in North America, it is inevitable that you’re going to have a particular view of people who are not a part of that wave of settlement.”
Dowland also surveyed major Christian school curriculum publishers and found “complaints about multiculturalism as a goal of public education.” As the University of New Hampshire historian Jason Sokol noted, “[Christian school] supporters wanted to create a world where racial tensions did not exist, so they built schools where racial differences had no place.”…Read the Rest Here…
Not only are Charter Schools educationally lagging the Public School Districts which they supposedly serve, new evidence is emerging that their sometimes strict, and in some cases severe discipline is resulting in up to 8 times the violent incident level than hat experienced in Public Schools.
Meanwhile, charter advocates continue to criticize the safety of traditional public schools.
A few weeks after The New York Times released a controversial video of a Success Academy Charter School teacher lashing out at a student, New York City’s deep-pocketed charter school advocates are looking to shift the public narrative on who is committing violence in city schools.
Over the last few weeks, Families for Excellent Schools, a charter school lobbying and advocacy group with close ties to Success Academy, has placed TV ads, held a press conference, and taken to social media, claiming New York City public schools are in a violent “state of emergency.” The charter school campaign appears to be a response to the public backlash that Success Academy has received for its controversial disciplinary approach.
Taking state data, which includes “violent” incidents not involving the police, Families for Excellent Schools asserts that between 2014 and 2015 schools suffered a 23 percent uptick in violence. The public action was meant toundermine New York Mayor Bill de Blasio, who recently claimed school violence has gone down, thanks to his administration’s softer disciplinary approach.
A Nation analysis of the charter school group’s data, however, suggests the move may backfire, since the numbers also show that charter schools themselves reported a far higher spike in incidents of school violence, 54 percent, more than double that of the public school average between the 2014 and 2015 school years.
Breaking the data down further, The Nation also found that while NYC public schools, perhaps responding to the district’s disciplinary reforms, actually dropped in nonviolent offenses like “criminal mischief” and “other disruptive incidents” at -6 percent and -23 percent, respectively, charter schools had a 65 percent surge in reported incidents of “criminal mischief” and a 33 percent surge in “other disruptive incidents.” Notably, charter schools also had far higher reported surges in drug and weapons possession incidents, at 53 percent and 27 percent respectively, whereas public schools only had 5 percent and 9 percent jumps for the same categories.
New York City charter school students represent a relatively small amount of the city’s overall population, and therefore make up only 4 percent of total violent incidents in New York City schools, but these drastic disparities raise questions about how charter schools’ controversial disciplinary cultures relate to the dramatic increase in reported school violence.
Brenda Shufelt, a recently retired librarian who served public school and Success Academy Charter School students at a colocated school library in Harlem, said that as charter schools rapidly expand, they may be taking in more high-needs kids, many of whom cannot conform to one-size-fits-all disciplinary approaches.
“In my experience, what would often happen is that charter school students would be so rigidly controlled that the kids would periodically blow up,” says Shufelt. “At PS 30, some of our kids would have meltdowns, usually because of problems at home, but I never saw kids melt down in the way they did in charter schools. They were just so despairing, feeling like they could not do this. I was told by two custodians, they had never had so much vomit to clean up from kindergarten and elementary classes.”
Examining the 10 charter schools with the highest reported incidents of violence in 2014 and 2015, The Nation also found that reported incidents escalated 485 percent last year over the previous year, more than four times faster than the growth of violent incidents for public schools of the same category.
Of the top six charter school sites with the most reported growth in incidents of violence from 2014 to 2015, four were KIPP charter schools, part of a nationally heralded charter chain that has 11 locations in New York. In recent years, KIPP has drawn headlines for its disciplinary regimen, which often includes precise control of students’ physical movements, intricate behavioral systems of reward and punishment, and enforced silence throughout school hallways. In 2013, a KIPP school in Manhattan made news, after a kindergartner and first grader had anxiety attacks, triggered by the school’s practice of repeatedly locking students in custom-designed time-out closets. KIPP refused to end the practice after the controversy and did not respond to Nation inquiries about the spike in reported incidents.*
Charter Schools were initially set up throughout the South as a methodology to try and defeat integration and Civil Rights. The function of todays’ hyper-segregated Charter Schools really isn’t any different.
Missouri law forbids black students in certain districts from attending, echoing charter schools’ racist history
The legacy of Jim Crow laws lives on, five decades after they officially ended.
Edmund Lee is a third-grader at Gateway Science Academy in St. Louis, Missouri, a charter school he has attended since he was in kindergarten. Yet his family recently learned that he will no longer be able to attend the charter school because he is black.
Lee’s family is moving to a new school district, where decades-old state laws do not allow black students to attend charter schools.
“When I read the guidelines I was in shock,” Lee’s mother LaShieka White told a local Fox affilliate. “I was crying.”
School officials say they are unable to override the state law. But the school’s principal and staff have come out in support of the young boy and his family.
“To not see his face in the halls next year would be extremely sad,” Lee’s third grade teacher told local media. “The family is saying they want to stay. I don’t understand why they can’t.”
“My son Edmund is an awesome young man. He currently has a 3.83 GPA, and has above average testing scores in language arts, math, and science. Edmund is very loving and the first to extend a helping hand if a fellow student needs help,” White writes in the petition.
“So imagine our shock when we found out Edmund would no longer be allowed to attend Gateway Science Academy because he is African-American,” she continues.
“The Department of Elementary and Secondary Education should not deny my son admission based on his race,” White adds. “We are going to show Edmund that his parents, community, and people across the country will fight for what is right.”
As of Thursday morning, more than 20,000 people had signed the petition. Some staff members at the charter school have signed it as well.
Critics say charter schools — which are strongly backed by large corporations and hedge funds — not only undermine public education and leave poor students with access to less resources and opportunities; they also reinforce racism and segregation.
The Civil Rights Project, a project at the University of California, Los Angeles, found in a 2010 report titled “Choice without Equity: Charter School Segregation and the Need for Civil Rights Standards” that, while “segregation for blacks among all public schools has been increasing for nearly two decades, black students in charter schools are far more likely than their traditional public school counterparts to be educated in intensely segregated settings.”
“At the national level, 70 percent of black charter school students attend intensely segregated minority charter schools (which enroll 90-100 percent of students from under-represented minority backgrounds), or twice as many as the share of intensely segregated black students in traditional public schools,” the report noted.
The Civil Rights Project points out, “Patterns in the West and in a few areas in the South, the two most racially diverse regions of the country, also suggest that charters serve as havens for white flight from public schools.”
About time someone figured this one out. Charter Schools should be answerable to the same rules and measuring stick as Public Schools. People my age have little belief that the purpose of the Charters is in any way to improve the education of black children.
Segregation Academies (Also called Charter Schools) were set up throughout the South to avoid integration by white parents. In the case of Prince Edward Schools in Virginia, the Public School System was shut down for 4 years, denying education to black students, while one of these Academies was set up.
After nearly a year of deliberation, the state Supreme Court ruled 6-3 late Friday afternoon that charter schools are unconstitutional, creating chaos for hundreds of families whose children have already started classes.
The ruling — believed to be one of the first of its kind in the country — overturns the law voters narrowly approved in 2012 allowing publicly funded, but privately operated, schools.
Eight new charter schools are opening in Washington this fall, in addition to one that opened in Seattle last year…
In the ruling, Chief Justice Barbara Madsen wrote that charter schools aren’t “common schools” because they’re governed by appointed rather than elected boards.
Therefore, “money that is dedicated to common schools is unconstitutionally diverted to charter schools,” Madsen wrote.
Justice Mary E. Fairhurst agreed with the majority that charter schools aren’t common schools, but argued in a partial dissenting opinion that the state “can constitutionally support charter schools through the general fund.”
She was joined by Justices Steven C. González and Sheryl Gordon McCloud.
The ruling is a victory for the coalition that filed the suit in July 2013, asking a judge to declare the law unconstitutional for “improperly diverting public-school funds to private organizations that are not subject to local voter control.”
The Washington Education Association was joined by the League of Women Voters of Washington, El Centro de la Raza, the Washington Association of School Administrators and several individual plaintiffs.
“The Supreme Court has affirmed what we’ve said all along — charter schools steal money from our existing classrooms, and voters have no say in how these charter schools spend taxpayer funding,” said Kim Mead, president of the Washington Education Association.
“To tell you the truth, I cried. It’s been a long hard fight,” said Melissa Westbrook, an education blogger who chaired the campaign opposing the charter-school law in 2012.
Joshua Halsey, executive director of the state charter-school commission, criticized the court’s timing.
“The court had this case in front of them since last October and waiting until students were attending public charter schools to issue their ruling is unconscionable,” Halsey said. “We are most concerned about the almost 1,000 students and families attending charter schools and making sure they understand what this ruling means regarding their public-school educational options.”
The state Attorney General’s Office said attorneys are reviewing the decision, but had no comment Friday.
David Postman, communications director for Gov. Jay Inslee, said the governor’s office is reviewing the court’s decision and will consult with the Attorney General’s Office.
“But until we have a thorough analysis, we can’t say what that means for schools operating today,” Postman said.
Under the 2012 law, up to 40 new charter schools could have opened in Washington over a five-year period.
In December 2013, King County Superior Court Judge Jean Rietschel struck down the part of the law that would have made charter schools eligible for state construction money, but essentially cleared the way for the state commission and the Spokane school district to authorize new schools. Spokane is the only school district with such authority.
All sides expected the case to reach the Supreme Court, which heard oral arguments last October.
Washington State Charter School Commission Chair Steve Sundquist said that commissioners anticipated a range of possible outcomes affecting funding, but didn’t draw up a plan to deal with a complete reversal.
“We were not expecting a ruling as deeply disappointing as this one,” Sundquist said.
He said the commission’s lawyer in the Attorney General’s Office will be meeting Saturday morning with other attorneys to discuss options.
The attorney for the plaintiffs, Paul Lawrence, doesn’t think there’s much more legal work to do on the issue. But he acknowledged that much has to be sorted out regarding the nine charter schools that are already up and running.
“The bottom line is that the initiative is unconstitutional so the charter schools that were authorized under the charter-school initiative can’t be publicly funded,” Lawrence said. “If there’s any avenue, it’s going to be through some act of the Legislature.”
My Mom actually taught at the sister school to this one. It was a one room school, without electricity. She later taught at the Cub Run School, another one room school located on the grounds of what is now the Udvar-Hazy Air Museum adjacent to Dulles Airport from 1949 to 1952.
Desegregation of schools didn’t happen overnight, and some counties actively resisted until the bitter end. There was the requisite violence by the usual suspects, as well as threats and intimidation. One of my cousins lost 4 years of High School because the county just shut all the schools down, instead of desegregating. He would get a GED through a program sponsored by the local churches for black kids caught up in this, because why go back to high school at the age of 18, to graduate at 22? The white folks didn’t suffer, they opened segregated Charter Schools.
The Prince Edward Foundation created a series of private schools to educate the county’s white children in 1959 after shutting down the Public School System in the County. These schools were supported by tuition grants from the state and tax credits from the county. Prince Edward Academy became the prototype for all-white private schools formed to protest school integration.No provision was made for educating the county’s black children. Some got schooling with relatives in nearby communities or at makeshift schools in church basements. Others were educated out of state by groups such as the Society of Friends. In 1963–64, the Prince Edward Free School picked up some of the slack. But some pupils missed part or all of their education for five years.
Not until 1964, when the U.S. Supreme Court outlawed Virginia’s tuition grants to private education, did Prince Edward County reopen its schools, on an integrated basis. This event marked the real end of Massive Resistance.
Among the segregated schools that Ed Peeples photographed in Prince Edward County were the all-black Mission Elementary School (above) and the all-white Green Bay Elementary School (below).
I was sitting in the dark den of the last living founder of the white private school I had attended, an academy established after public schools in my Virginia hometown were closed in 1959 to avoid desegregation. Having worked as a reporter for years, I was used to uncomfortable conversations. But this one felt different. This conversation was personal.
I wanted to interview Robert E. Taylor about desegregation in Prince Edward County and to find out how he felt about it in 2006, decades later. Weeks before his death, he told me he was still a “segregationist” and expressed no remorse for the school closings. Breathing with the help of an oxygen machine, he used tired stereotypes to describe black teenagers in my hometown as dating white teens, impregnating them, and leaving the teenage girls’ families with “pinto” babies that nobody would want.
Taylor was talking about me. I grew up in this damaged town, but left for the West Coast and married a multiracial man of American-Indian descent. We were thinking about having kids—mixed-race children that Taylor pitied and reviled. I had, on some level, defied him and other white county leaders including my own grandfather by embracing what they most feared. White leaders wanted to protect the integrity of the white race and they had believed that integrating the schools would lead to blacks and whites dating, marrying, and having mixed-race children.
White county leaders in Prince Edward took one of the most dramatic steps in the country to prevent that from happening. Facing a court order to desegregate the public schools, white officials instead voted not to fund them—an option Prince Edward officials had considered for years. A 1951 walkout by black students to protest the conditions at the county’s black high school had resulted in a lawsuit that was later folded into the landmark Supreme Court case, Brown v. Board of Education.White leaders worried that their little community, in the heart of Virginia, would be held up as an example to the rest of the nation and required to integrate its schools early. Bolstered by Senator Harry F. Byrd Sr., the powerful Virginia politician who suggested rejecting Brown and the town newspaper, The Farmville Herald, Prince Edward altered the way it funded its schools. By switching to a month-by-month budgeting process, county leaders would be able to cut off funding and shut down the schools quickly if required by the courts to desegregate. Meanwhile, white businessmen made quiet plans to establish a private school for their children.
When the public schools were locked and chained in the summer of 1959, white leaders sprang into action. By the time Labor Day rolled around, the county’s church basements and social clubs had been outfitted with desks that white volunteers made from scrap materials. These schools, funded with a combination of donations and public monies, were far from perfect—tiny classrooms were scattered around the region without cafeterias or playgrounds. Yet these schools showed the lengths white families were willing to go to avoid having their children attend classes with black students.Black families, meanwhile, debated what to do with their children. No one knew how long the schools would be closed; black leaders didn’t think it would be more than a year or two. Opening another private school would have contradicted what they were trying to accomplish. Some parents who had resources sent their older kids across the state line to a North Carolina college that had agreed to educate some of Prince Edward County’s high-school students. Others asked relatives to take in their children; some even allowed their kids to live with strangers so they could attend school. Some snuck their children over county lines to be educated in adjacent communities. But the vast majority of children stayed home and their only formal education would come in the form of church training centers. There, for a few hours a day, volunteers taught the kids basic skills. Many children simply played or, if they were old enough, went to work in the fields with their parents and pick tobacco. Some would never return to school.
State leaders did not come to the defense of the black children and their families. The Farmville Herald and other newspapers across the state supported the county’s decision. A lawsuit to reopen the schools slowly made its way through the courts, as black children—and some whites—went year after year without educations. It would take another Supreme Court decision to force county leaders to reopen the schools in 1964.
When I was growing up, I knew this story in only the most general of ways. I didn’t have black neighbors, black friends, or black teachers. I hadn’t a clue how the closures had affected the only black person I knew as a child—my family’s housekeeper, Elsie Lancaster. Elsie worked for my grandparents when my mother was a child then worked for my parents for decades, too. She had sent her own daughter Gwen to live with an aunt in Massachusetts when the schools closed. My grandparents never even asked about Gwen after Elsie had accompanied her to Cambridge.
I attended the white academy my grandparents had helped found. I was entering eighth grade when Prince Edward Academy first admitted black students in 1986 in order to have its nonprofit status restored by the federal government. After college, I worked as a journalist, moving to Oregon, California, and Massachusetts. I began to recognize the privileged circumstances in which I had been raised and took an interest in writing about marginalized communities—people of color, immigrants, and those living in poverty. After I met my husband, Jason, and we thought about having children, the story of my hometown took on more meaning. I knew that the history of my hometown would be our kids’ history, too.
A classroom, heated by wood stove in one of the segregated schools for black kids in Prince Edward County
When I delved into Farmville’s past, it became clear that I couldn’t just blame my hometown for the shameful school closures. My family was also at fault. During the course of my research, I discovered that my late grandfather, S.C. Patteson, had been a founding member of the Farmville chapter of the Defenders of State Sovereignty and Individual Liberties, which sought to prevent desegregation.
As I worked to describe what had happened in my hometown before I was born, affected students opened up and shared the stories of their childhoods, their wounds still raw. White members of the community—many of whom knew my grandfather—were more reticent to speak with me. By telling the story of my hometown, I was picking at a scab that was never allowed to heal. Even my high school history teacher shut down the conversation, suggesting the story had already been told.
And yet the history of the county is still relevant. Decades later, the impact of those years of missed education can still be felt through the county’s 16-percent illiteracy rate, four points higher than the state average, and 20 percent of the population lives below the poverty level. And the once-closed school district is now a failing system. Declining school enrollment has left it with a steadily falling budget and supervisors have declined to raise taxes to fix the problem. The private school—now renamed and open to students of all races—is still a symbol of segregation to some of those denied an education…(More)…
Pro-Segregation Rally. The Confederate Flag Was Used as Symbol of “Massive Resistance” against Integration of Public Schools During Civil Rights Movement
This one is strange – even for the conservative types deep in the Red Zone. Quite obviously it proves Darwin was wrong in that his theory was only half advanced. Not only is there evolution…There is de-evolution as in the case of these nutjobs.
Now Bobby Jindal has been listed in a number of periodicals as the latest, greatest nonwhite hope for the Republican Party. It has been a tradition in the Republican Party since Bush 1, that the VP slot was reserved for someone of no great intellectual wattage. Except in the Bush II Presidency where that was reversed. Bobbity is light years ahead of the Sno’ Ho, but the Swamp Heaux has his own set of problems – one being the historic meltdown when appointed by his party as their spokesman to give the counter-State of the Union Speech on behalf of the Reprobates. Now Bobbity has a second problem – convincing the rest of America that if by some stroke of ill wind he became President – the next move wouldn’t be converting your child’s school to a Religious Whakademia.
Nessie?
Now I’ve already discussed some of the oddities of these Charter Schools being set up in Louisiana , such as the disbelief in Boolean Math (If God had meant you to only count to 2, he would have given you only two fingers instead of two hands!), and Geometry and Trigonometry as the “Devil’s Workshop”….
But some of the cults have even reached for evidence that the fictitious Loch Ness Monster – is a “dinosaur” – disproving Evolution.
Since none of the stories about Nessy I’ve heard actually include her actually eating anyone – we have to assume that the tourism business in Scotland is about to take a leap, as the newly programmed children of Louisiana come to “swim with Nessy” in the Fjord during summer vacation. Of course Godzilla is also ample evidence of the existence of dinosaurs on earth. Jurassic Park…Indeed…
Loch Ness monster cited by US schools as evidence that evolution is myth
THOUSANDS of American school pupils are to be taught that the Loch Ness monster is real – in an attempt by religious teachers to disprove Charles Darwin’s theory of evolution.
Pupils attending privately-run Christian schools in the southern state of Louisiana will learn from textbooks next year, which claim Scotland’s most famous mythological beast is a living creature.
The “Frilled Shark” a true prehistoric creature found only in the deep ocean
Thousands of children are to receive publicly-funded vouchers enabling them to attend the schools – which follow a strict fundamentalist curriculum.
“Have you heard of the Loch Ness Monster in Scotland? ‘Nessie’ for short has been recorded on sonar from a small submarine, described by eyewitnesses, and photographed by others. Nessie appears to be a plesiosaur.” Read the rest of this entry » | 2023-09-14T01:27:17.760571 | https://example.com/article/8916 |
Q:
systemd run unit on success of another
I converted some cron jobs to systemd.timer units and want to send a mail on each job failure and success.
The excellent ArchLinux wiki page provides information about this and the setup runs smoothly on failure. Now I want to add an email notification whenever the unit ran successful, but according to systemd.unit there is no configuration named OnSuccess=.
How to handle this use case?
A:
You could use ExecStartPost=/bin/systemctl start some-other-service if the Type= is oneshot.
Read about the details in man systemd.service
To review a full list of directions, use man systemd.directives, which lists all the directions and where they are documented.
| 2024-04-18T01:27:17.760571 | https://example.com/article/9156 |
Kearby with Netherby
Kearby with Netherby is a civil parish in Harrogate district, North Yorkshire, England. The parish includes the hamlets of Barrowby, Netherby and Kearby Town End. The parish had a population of 204 in the 2011 census.
Kearby with Netherby was historically a township in the parish of Kirkby Overblow in the West Riding of Yorkshire. It became a separate civil parish in 1866. It was transferred to the new county of North Yorkshire in 1974.
Kearby was mentioned in the Domesday Book in 1086, as Cherebi. The name probably derives from Kærer, an Old Danish personal name.
References
Category:Civil parishes in North Yorkshire | 2023-10-24T01:27:17.760571 | https://example.com/article/5092 |
Those for and against marijuana initiatives are gearing up to get their proposals on the ballot and voters could end up with many options in 2016.
The group California Cannabis Hemp Initiative 2016 started to gather signatures this week to put their measure on the ballot to change marijuana laws in California.
"2016 is the year of change in California," Cannabis Hemp Initiative statewide coordinator Buddy Duzy said. "We're into rolling back the prohibition on hemp, which includes smoking marijuana, but it also includes eating cannabis hemp seed and growing hemp for industrial purposes including biofuels and things like that."
Their initiative is one of about a dozen different proposals trying to get on the ballot in 2016.
A coalition of groups that includes Napster founder Sean Parker is proposing an initiative that would legalize recreational use of marijuana and tax it at a rate of 15 percent on any retail sales.
Supporters of taxing marijuana sales point to Colorado, who saw in increase in tax revenue after it legalized marijuana sales.
"Colorado, they brag about how much money they make off of taxes. California is so much bigger. We would make a lot more money just off of the recreation cannabis tax," Duzy said.
Ohio voters went to the polls on Tuesday to decide if that state will allow both recreational and medicinal marijuana use.
Some however feel legalization is the wrong way to go in California.
"Marijuana use and addiction has doubled in the last 10 years and the marijuana of today is not the same marijuana we had back in the 70s," Scott Chipman with Citizens Against Legalizing Marijuana said.
Opponents are trying to figure out ways to defeat any pro-marijuana initiatives and they have their own ballot propositions.
"The California Safe and Drug Free Communities Act, we'll be collecting signatures in the next few weeks to put this on the ballot and this rolls back the backdoor legalization that we've had over the last 10 or 15 years in California," Chipman said. | 2024-03-22T01:27:17.760571 | https://example.com/article/1508 |
Q:
how do i add AzureAutomation Resource to my ARM template project
I create a new ARM template using VS2017 and would like to add Azure Automation resource as part of my template. When I right click and select add New Resource I do not see Azure Automation. How do I go about doing this
A:
Best way to do this - go to the documentation and copy\paste it.
Reference:
https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/templates/microsoft.automation/automationaccounts
| 2024-02-01T01:27:17.760571 | https://example.com/article/2755 |
// example data
const models = require('../../models')
export const Query = {
async userInfo(_: any, { uid }: any) {
const userInfo = await models.user.userInfo(uid)
return userInfo
},
async userUnreadCount(_: any, { uid }: any, { islogin, user }: any) {
if (islogin) {
const Count = await models.user.userUnreadCount(user.uid)
return Count
} else {
return {
messageCount: 0,
attentionCount: 0,
privateChatCount: 0
}
}
},
async userUnreadList(
_: any,
{ page, pageSize }: any,
{ islogin, user }: any
) {
if (islogin) {
const AttentionMsg = await models.user.unreadAttentionMsg({
page,
pageSize,
uid: user.uid
})
return AttentionMsg
} else {
return {
count: 0,
list: [],
page: 0,
pageSize: 0
}
}
},
async thumbUserList(_: any, { type, associate_id }: any, { islogin }: any) {
const thumbUserList = await models.user.getThumbUserList({
type,
associate_id
})
return thumbUserList || []
}
}
export const Mutation = {}
export const Schema = {}
| 2023-10-14T01:27:17.760571 | https://example.com/article/2691 |
Downtown residents demand change after Irma
It’s not the kind of request the City of Miami’s Public Works Department usually deals with: The news crew, standing in calf-deep waters, asked if city workers were getting ready to work on opening up a drain a few hundred feet west of S. Miami Avenue.
If so, a producer for the nationally televised morning news show asked, would it be possible to wait a few minutes?
The reporter was about to go live at that moment with a story about how the Main Street of Miami’s financial district had just hours before turned into a raging river -- something his viewers across the nation would find rather hard to believe if the drainage system were to ruin the obligatory wide-angle shot of the TV correspondent standing in floodwaters.
Such was the scene a few hours after Hurricane Irma dealt a close call to Miami and the rest of South Florida before the massive storm took a last-minute detour that steered the most destructive path away and toward the state’s left coast.
Even so, Irma delivered tropical-storm-force winds and rain here, and spewed a bevy of tornadoes across two counties. The storm was also remarkable for the images it produced of Brickell Avenue completely submerged under several feet of water.
Residents in condo towers who had chosen to ride out the hurricane in place posted unbelievable footage that seemed to indicate much of Brickell was now an extension of Biscayne Bay. It was the stuff of viral news clips: palm trees swaying in strong winds and violent whitecaps churning the turbulent brownish waters that reached halfway up traffic signs.
Yet just as dramatically as those floodwaters has rushed in, they left. The city’s pump system -- whose efficiency had been put into some doubt just a few weeks before, when an unexpectedly heavy downpour caused gridlock-generating floods in the same areas of the city core -- seems to have come through this time.
Those who have lived in Brickell for over a decade, an unfathomably long time for a neighborhood that seems to reinvent itself and turn over its entire population every few years, remarked that the floodwaters went out much more quickly than they had when Hurricane Wilma struck in 2005. Some restaurants and bars on S. Bayshore Drive opened the day after Irma passed, as if nothing had happened.
So little impact did the residents of Brickell get, for the most part, that a prominent real estate broker hosting a hurricane party complained bitterly on social media about what to him was an unnecessary curfew keeping people from getting to his high-rise on the evening Irma was passing through. Never mind the fact 40-mph gusts were still buffeting the streets.
Across the river from Brickell, downtown also came through relatively unscathed. Sure, poor storm drainage turned what used to be the Miami Herald site into a slice of the Everglades for a few days, complete with mosquitos swarming over brackish puddles and the occasional ibis pecking through for food. Yet most of Miami’s center never even lost power.
The biggest inconvenience, most high-rise dwellers found out, was having their elevators shut down for a day two so that engineers could come in and verify the storm hadn’t damaged any of the mechanical equipment that usually goes on such these buildings’ roofs.
Flagler Street was littered with the remnants of storefront awnings that hadn’t been properly secured, and the homeless who decided to leave the shelters as soon as the winds died down mostly wandered aimlessly about in streets devoid of the usual workday bustle.
But some businesses just picked up as if nothing had happened. Along 1st Avenue, a cafeteria did brisk business in cortaditos and empanadas the morning after the storm, while a local barbecue joint only stopped selling brisket and doling out beers earlier than usual in order to comply with the city’s curfew.
By the weekend after the storm, a number of downtowners felt secure enough to put in a big presence at an effort organized by progressive do-gooders that was fanning out across Liberty City, Little Havana, Opa-locka, Homestead, and a few other disadvantaged communities in South Dade and the western part of the state, where residents simply can’t afford to spend a week without power and without working.
Those volunteers manned grill stations, categorized donations, carried food and ice and water back and forth, and gave hope to those who felt abandoned in Irma’s wake. While the mass mobilization was organized by Liberty City-based organizations, props are deserved here to, among others, my local political club, the Downtown Dems, who showed up in big numbers.
Downtown might not have suffered major damage or inconvenience from the storm, but it’s likely there, at the county’s government center, where Irma’s biggest effects will be felt locally.
A few days after Irma, a cadre of activists -- many of the same residents who’d been out there in the immediate aftermath of the storm feeding people and handing out donations of water and ice -- showed up to demand the county take storm preparation more seriously.
Their work, alongside those of people advocating for transit, brought the county’s highly choreographed budget approval process to a screeching halt. A heretofore unheard-of rejection of the proposed draft budget by county commissioners temporarily stumped the lawyers on the dais. (After Mayor Carlos Gimenez made arrogant and incorrect comments, dismissing the activists and suggesting they were lying about being out in the streets helping people, commissioners pulled a face-saving move to keep the process rolling: pledging to vote for the budget preliminarily, while promising to nuke it later if major changes weren’t made.)
It’s the second time in three years that grassroots activists have left the mayor with egg on his face around his budget priorities. And it’s making a difference.
A final plan will be bought up after this column goes to print, but a revision done after the county hall showdown nearly doubled reserve funding assigned to deal with Hurricane Irma.
While it was impressive to see Brickell Avenue clear up less than a day after major flooding, that right there -- the power to pick up and bounce back and demand change from our leaders -- is the real strength of downtown (and Miami’s) resilience.
While the cameras might want to focus on slightly staged views of flooded streets, being able to work for the residents who never make it to the TV reports, and making sure they don’t take the brunt of a disaster, is what makes a difference.
Feedback:
This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it | 2024-02-16T01:27:17.760571 | https://example.com/article/4561 |
This year's third issue of Shogakukan's Big Comic Original magazine announced on Friday that Junji Ito will begin a manga adaptation of Osamu Dazai's classic novel No Longer Human ( Ningen Shikkaku ) in the 10th issue on May 2.
Dazai's original Ningen Shikkaku novel follows a young man's deepening alienation from the rest of the world, despite his attempts to maintain a cheery facade. The story was adapted into a four-episode segment of the Aoi Bungaku television anime in 2009, and an anime film version of this segment was green-lit soon after. The anime version features original character designs by Death Note artist Takeshi Obata.
Vertical published a three-volume manga adaptation (pictured right) by Usamaru Furuya (Lychee Light Club) in North America. The now-defunct digital manga platform JManga previously offered East Press' manga adaptation.
Ito's Uzumaki and Tomie manga have inspired inspired live-action adaptations, and his GYO manga inspired an OVA. Viz Media has published these three titles, as well as Ito's Fragments of Horror manga in English. ComicsOne has published his Flesh Colored Horror manga, Dark Horse Comics has published his Museum of Terror manga, and Kodansha Comics has published his Junji Ito's Cat Diary: Yon & Mu manga.
Big Comic Original also announced six more new manga titles that will launch this year: | 2024-04-22T01:27:17.760571 | https://example.com/article/6334 |
Q:
Редактирование строк таблицы на js, как обновлять массив с объектами для отправки на бэк измененных строк?
data() {
return {
changedOperationList: {}
}
},
methods: {
setChangesForRequest({name, value, item}) {
let changedOperation = {};
const businessOperationId = item.businessOperationId;
changedOperation = {businessOperationId};
changedOperation[name] = value;
this.changedOperationList.push(changedOperation);
},
}
У меня есть таблица, в которой при изменениях на селектах запускается метод setChangesForRequest, в который приходят name - имя колонки, value - новое значение селекта и item - строка в которой был изменен селект, из строки я беру айди и вставляю это все в объект Измененной операции (на скрине видно, как я меняю разные селекты и они возвращают объекты с разными ключами. Потом я эти объекты пушу в пустой массив (чтобы потом сделать запрос на бэк). Как мне, например, когда я у одной и той же строки меняю селекты они в один объект собирались, просто добавляли новый ключ и если этот ключ там есть обновить его новыми данными, их там может быть 3 штуки roleId, zoneId и technologyId. И вообще стоит ли так делать? В итоге у меня должен получится массив из отредактированных операций с полями, которые я изменял.
A:
setChangesForRequest({name, value, item}) {
const { businessOperationId : id } = item;
if( !this.changedOperationList[id] ) {
this.changedOperationList[id] = {businessOperationId: id};
}
this.changedOperationList[id][name] = value;
},
Нашел решение данной проблемы... В итоге если ключ id будет совпадать с объектом создаваемым при изменении значения селекта, то он не будет создавать его, но зато будет прокидывать новые поля в объекты, в зависимости от столбца, где мы меняли селект.
| 2023-09-09T01:27:17.760571 | https://example.com/article/4348 |
Q:
Algebraic theories and canonical algebras
I am reading Bodo Pareigis-Categories and functors (Pure and Applied Mathematics, Vol. 39).
Let $\mathcal{U}$ be an algebraic theory (in the sense of Lawvere theories).
A product-preserving functor $A:\mathcal{U}\longrightarrow Set$ is called an $\mathcal{U}$-algebra.
An $\mathcal{U}$-algebra $A$ is called canonical if $A(n)=A(1)\times\ldots\times A(1)$, where the right product is the set of $n$-tuples with elements of $A(1)$ and if $A(p_n^i)(x_1,\ldots,x_n)=x_i$ for all $n$ and $i$, where $p_n^i:n\longrightarrow 1$ is the $i$th projection from $n=1\times\ldots\times 1$ to $1$ in $\mathcal{U}$.
I can't understand the difference between the notion of an $\mathcal{U}$-algebra and the notion of a canonical $\mathcal{U}$-algebra. I mean, by definition, every algebra is a product-preserving functor, so each of them should be already canonical. Where am I wrong?
A:
If I read things correctly, "canonicity" is the requirement that $A(n)$ actually is the set of $n$-tuples of elements of $A(1)$, etc. This is not guaranteed to be the case, even though $A$ preserves products, because products are only defined up to isomorphism.
To elaborate: for any nonempty sets $X, Y$, there will be many (in fact, proper class many!) triples $(A, f, g)$ which satisfy the universal property of being a product of $X$ and $Y$; the special case where $A=X\times Y$ is the actual Cartesian product and $f, g$ are the actual projection maps is the "canonical" one, though, and this is what canonicity is demanding. (Although there are those who consider this sort of thing evil . . . http://ncatlab.org/nlab/show/principle+of+equivalence)
| 2024-05-14T01:27:17.760571 | https://example.com/article/4518 |
Initializing concordance in frail elderly patients via a medicines organizer.
Concordance, which involves prescribing with rather than for patients, should result in less drug wastage (non-use), but is proving hard to put into practice. One possible way of easing elderly people and prescribers toward concordance is to use a medicines organizer (MO). To document medication wastage, using a pharmacy-prepared reusable MO, and explore, using a qualitative approach, use of this information on communication of individuals' drug regimens. Sixty-two sheltered housing residents, aged > or =60 years, participated in an exploratory controlled, matched study. The intervention group received medication in the MO, and the control group continued with standard packaging. Community pharmacists recorded details of wasted drugs returned during the 3-month study and, for the intervention group, 6, 9, and 12 months after the study. Medicines management data were collected from participants. Qualitative interviews were conducted with a sample of general practitioners (GPs) and community pharmacists to explore views on the role of the MO. Intervention group wastage was reduced from 18.1% (prestudy) to 1% at 12 months. No data on wastage were collected for the control group after the prestudy assessment. Sixty-one percent more prescription changes, including significant decreases in the number of prescribed drugs and dosages, were reported for the intervention group. GPs and pharmacists reported improvements in communication concerning medication-related dialog. This small exploratory study has shown that a pharmacy-prepared reusable MO provided visual, objective insights into medication wastage. This resulted in improved communication of drug needs and reduced wastage-the foundation for concordance. | 2023-09-03T01:27:17.760571 | https://example.com/article/7900 |
lab notes from the life of a poly, kinky, geeky, feminist, part-time vegan, and curiously intuitive rationalist
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Thoughts on Being Smart
Note: This may be less focused than most of my writing. This is in some ways fairly unprocessed thought. I like writing about things I’m still in the middle of processing—I’m as fascinated by the processes by which people come to conclusions as the conclusions themselves. But it means this post may bounce around a little more than most of them do.
I don’t remember thinking of myself as particularly smart in high school. Looking back, I suspect this was because I was young enough that I interpreted being told I was smart as normal everyday-life background noise. One of those elements of the world that you never really take the time to look at up close, so some primitive part of your brain assumes they’re a normal part of the world for everyone.
Sometime in college, I made the realization that I think I’m smarter than almost everyone I meet. For a while, I tried to pretend to myself that I didn’t think that. It’s difficult to describe how uncomfortable a thing it is for me to think. Sometimes it makes me feel arrogant, sometimes it makes me feel incredibly irrational. “After all”, I say to myself, “there are so many people in the world who think they’re smarter than everyone else who I think are dead wrong—what basis do I have to assume my ability to assess my own intelligence is any better than theirs?” At some point, though, I remember coming to the realization that even if I wasn’t admitting to myself that I thought I was smarter than most other people, I was making decisions as though it were true. I was, most of the time, making decisions as though my opinions on things were more reliable and accurate than other people’s. It isn’t exactly that I thought I was right all the time, because there were and are plenty of areas where I don’t consider my knowledge to be significant enough to draw conclusions. It was that I trusted my assessment of whether or not I had enough of a grasp on a topic to be right about it more than I trusted almost anyone else’s.
If I had to pick a particular area in which I’m unusually talented, in terms of valuable habits to have when thinking about things, I’d say it was this: knowing what I’m talking about. Not in the sense of, “Having a huge amount of knowledge about what I’m talking about.” I mean it in the sense of literally knowing what it is that I am talking about. Knowing whether the ideas I’m considering are coherent. Being able to determine, strictly, how (or if) they can be meaningfully defined. It’s the application of this skill that lead to my writing the There is No Such Thing as a Universal Human Right rant, for example. I can’t answer the question, “Is X a human right?” because when someone asks me that question, I have no idea what they’re talking about, and I feel reasonably confident that they don’t, either. It’s the application of this skill that’s making me uncomfortable even using the word “smart” in this post, because I’m not entirely sure I’m operating on a coherent definition of intelligence. Maybe it’s just good thinking habits? Maybe it’s some combination of good thinking habits and raw processing power? Maybe it’s something else?
I remember it was a bit of a revelation for me when I first read the following in Carl Sagan’s Wikipedia entry: “Isaac Asimov described Sagan as one of only two people he ever met whose intellect surpassed his own. The other, he claimed, was the computer scientist and artificial intelligence expert Marvin Minsky.”
I remember reading that and thinking, “Huh, maybe it’s okay to trust my assessment of my own intelligence, even when it’s speaking so incredibly highly of me.”
I’m not really sure this post is going any particular direction, other than to flesh out something that I struggle with internally on a regular basis and open it up to further analysis. Shining a light on it, I suppose.
Lately I’ve been realizing that I think a lot of my problems relating to people have to do with the fact that I find most people fairly boring in fairly short order. Some of this has to do with a lack of common interests, but more and more, I’m convinced that a significant part of it is that I just don’t find most people can keep up with my thought processes. It is a tiny, tiny minority of the people I’ve met who can keep up with me when I’m playing with objects on the very edge of my brain’s coherent-idea-space. When I’m burrowing into the conceptual unknown and trying to make shapes out of the mist.
It puts some serious limits on my ability to find satisfying long-term relationships as well. My standards for intelligence and conscientiousness (in the sense of caring deeply about the people around them, both as a population and as individuals) are very high when considering serious relationship potential, and it’s rare that I meet people who are up to scratch on both. I just can’t manage spending that much time around people who can’t keep up with me, or people who can, but don’t feel compelled to use that processing power to make the world better in whatever way they can.
That’s assuming I have any idea what I’m talking about and the problems I’ve identified are even what’s really going on. But then, that’s why you write about things like this in the first place. To get feedback, and to look back at them later and decide for yourself whether or not what you were saying made any sense. | 2023-12-14T01:27:17.760571 | https://example.com/article/1738 |
Calcium antagonists: vinylogues and bivalent ligands related to nifedipine.
The synthesis and the pharmacological properties of some vinylogues and bivalent ligands related to nifedipine are described. | 2024-01-21T01:27:17.760571 | https://example.com/article/4035 |
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Silver Spring Towers
Silver Spring Towers brings you the utmost in service and style. With a fantastic downtown Silver Spring location, Silver Spring Towers lets you enjoy the fun of urban living combined with an amenity-rich apartment experience. Relax in the community room with free Wi-Fi or head out to the area’s winning shops and entertainment. Whatever you enjoy, there’s plenty to do here.
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Featuring a 24-hour concierge service, a fitness center, free utilities, and a large swimming pool and deck that make the fourth floor a favorite hideaway for residents, it’s easy to unwind at Silver Spring Towers.
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Designed to maximize your space, the floor plans at Silver Spring Towers bring modern living to life. Featuring studio, one-, and two-bedroom apartments for rent, the perfect home for you is right here. | 2023-11-29T01:27:17.760571 | https://example.com/article/2603 |
Hodgkin's disease presenting below the diaphragm. The experience of the Gruppo Italiano Studio Linfomi (GISL).
Infradiaphragmatic Hodgkin's disease is rare, making up 5-12% of cases in clinical stages I and II; consequently, several questions concerning prognosis and treatment strategy remain to be answered. The aim of this study was to analyze the clinical and prognostic characteristics and outcome of this condition. A series of 282 patients with CS I-II Hodgkin's disease (HD) was investigated. In 31 patients the disease was confined below the diaphragm (BDHD), and in the remaining above the diaphragm (ADHD). The presenting features and outcomes were compared in the two groups. The BDHD group was older (p < 0.0002), had a higher frequency of males (p < 0.08) and a different histological subtype group distribution (p < 0.0001). Stage II BDHD patients had a worse overall survival rate (OS) than stage II ADHD patients (68.8% vs 86.6% at 8 years, p < 0.01) if age is not considered; patients with more than 40 years of age, in fact, had the same survival rates as those with ADHD. BDHD patients with intra-abdominal disease alone had worse prognostic factors and OS (p = 0.12) than patients with inguinal-femoral nodes. Although BDHD patients present distinct features, they have the same OS and relapse-free survival rate as age-adjusted ADHD patients. According to our experience patients with stage I peripheral BDHD respond well to radiotherapy-based regimens. Those with stage II and or intra-abdominal disease are more challenging; chemotherapy or a combined therapy seem to be more suitable approaches for these patients. | 2024-05-07T01:27:17.760571 | https://example.com/article/9959 |
AN AMAZING PROPHECY
Report: Cardinal Muller Out At Vatican
The conservative Catholic Italian website Corrispondenza Romana is reporting (link) that German Cardinal Gerhard Mueller (photo below), the highest-ranking doctrinal authority in the Church as Prefect of the Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith, has not been reconfirmed at his post by Pope Francis, and so will end his term of office in two days, on July 2.
The website is describing it as a “firing” of Mueller.
It was known that Mueller went this morning to visit Pope Francis.
There has as yet been no official announcement of this news, so it remain unofficial.
Il cardinale Müller è uno dei cardinali che hanno cercato di interpretare l’Amoris laetitia, secondo un’ermeneutica di continuità con la Tradizione della Chiesa. Ciò è bastato per annoverarlo tra i critici del nuovo corso imposto da papa Bergoglio. (“Cardinal Mueller is one of the cardinals who sought to interpret Amoris Laetitia according to a hermeneutic of continuity with the Tradition of the Church. This was enough to enroll him among the critics of the new course imposed by Pope Bergoglio.”)
Mueller was appointed by Pope Benedict XVI, and is the editor of the Opera Omnia of the Emeritus Pope.
Note: The Moynihan Letters go to more than 21,000 people around the world. If you would like to subscribe, simply email me an email address, and I will add you to the list. Also, if you would like to subscribe to our print magazine, Inside the Vatican, please do so! We appreciate all new subscribers very much. You might even consider purchasing a gift subscription for a friend, a student, a grandchild, a parish priest. Thank you. To subscribe, click here.
What is the glory of God?
“The glory of God is man alive; but the life of man is the vision of God.” —St. Irenaeus of Lyons, in the territory of France, in his great work Against All Heresies, written c. 180 A.D. | 2023-09-22T01:27:17.760571 | https://example.com/article/3250 |
Q:
Find the indefinite integral: $\int { {\sqrt{x+1}} \over {\sqrt{x+2} - \sqrt{x-2}} }dx$
Find the indefinite integral:
$$\int { {\sqrt{x+1}} \over {\sqrt{x+2} - \sqrt{x-2}} }dx$$
I don't know how to start, multiplying by ${ {\sqrt{x+2} + \sqrt{x-2}} \over {\sqrt{x+2} + \sqrt{x-2}} }$ hasn't helped neither...
A:
Notice, $$\int\frac{\sqrt{x+1}}{\sqrt{x+2}-\sqrt{x-2}} \ dx$$
$$=\int\frac{\sqrt{x+1}(\sqrt{x+2}+\sqrt{x-2})}{(\sqrt{x+2}+\sqrt{x-2})(\sqrt{x+2}-\sqrt{x-2})} \ dx$$
$$=\int\frac{\sqrt{x^2+3x+2}+\sqrt{x^2-x-2}}{x+2-(x-2)} \ dx$$
$$=\int\frac{\sqrt{\left(x+\frac{3}{2}\right)^2-\frac{1}{4}}+\sqrt{\left(x-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2-\frac{9}{4}}}{4} \ dx$$
$$=\frac{1}{4}\int\sqrt{\left(x+\frac{3}{2}\right)^2-\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)^2} \ dx+\frac{1}{4}\int\sqrt{\left(x-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2-\left(\frac{3}{2}\right)^2} \ dx$$
Now, you can use standard formula $\int\sqrt{x^2-a^2}\ dx=\frac{1}{2}\left(x\sqrt{x^2-a^2}-a^2\ln\left|x+\sqrt{x^2-a^2}\right|\right)$
Proof:
let $$I=\int \sqrt{x^2-a^2}\ dx=\int \underbrace{\sqrt{x^2-a^2}}_{I}\cdot \underbrace{1}_{II}\ dx$$ using integration by parts $$I=x\sqrt{x^2-a^2}-\int \frac{2x}{2\sqrt{x^2-a^2}}x\ dx$$
$$I=x\sqrt{x^2-a^2}-\int \frac{(x^2-a^2)+a^2}{\sqrt{x^2-a^2}}\ dx$$
$$I=x\sqrt{x^2-a^2}-\int \sqrt{x^2-a^2}\ dx-a^2\int \frac{1}{\sqrt{x^2-a^2}}\ dx$$
$$I=x\sqrt{x^2-a^2}-I-a^2\int \frac{1}{\sqrt{x^2-a^2}}\ dx$$$$\implies I=\frac{1}{2}\left(x\sqrt{x^2-a^2}-a^2\int \frac{1}{\sqrt{x^2-a^2}}\ dx\right)\tag 1$$
Now, let $x=a\sec\theta\implies dx=a\sec\theta\tan \theta\ d\theta$ hence,
$$\color{red}{\int \frac{1}{\sqrt{x^2-a^2}}\ dx}=\int\frac{a\sec\theta\tan\theta\ d\theta}{\sqrt{a^2\sec^2\theta-a^2}}=\int\frac{a\sec\theta\tan\theta\ d\theta}{a\tan\theta}=\int \sec\theta\ d\theta$$$$=\ln\left|\sec\theta+\tan\theta\right|+c=\ln\left|\sec\theta+\sqrt{\sec^2\theta-1}\right|+c=\ln\left|\frac{x}{a}+\sqrt{\left(\frac{x}{a}\right)^2-1}\right|+c$$ $$=\ln\left|x+\sqrt{x^2-a^2}\right|+\ln|a|+c=\color{red}{\ln\left|x+\sqrt{x^2-a^2}\right|+c_1}$$
now, setting the value of integral: $\int\frac{1}{\sqrt{x^2-a^2}}\ dx$ in (1), we get $$I=\frac{1}{2}\left(x\sqrt{x^2-a^2}-a^2\ln\left|x+\sqrt{x^2-a^2}\right|\right)+C$$
hence, we get
$$\bbox[5pt, border:2.5pt solid #FF0000]{\color{blue}{\int\sqrt{x^2-a^2}\ dx=\frac{1}{2}\left(x\sqrt{x^2-a^2}-a^2\ln\left|x+\sqrt{x^2-a^2}\right|\right)+C}}$$
| 2023-10-18T01:27:17.760571 | https://example.com/article/5709 |
Plantation Shutters
Control light, and add style with our range of Plantation Shutters
We custom make and install an extensive range of plantation shutters in Melbourne. With numerous styles and colours to choose from, we offer a superior service unlike any other.
The plantation shutter has seen a resurgence in popularity within the last decade and a half. They are also very affordable, and can be easily worked in with any interior design for the home or office.
Due to their popularity with businesses, we also provide shutters that are specific to your brand and colours. This makes them a great way to extend your brand all the way to your windows. Our shutters hold up to strict energy compliance regulations, offering your interior essential insulation and protection from the extremes of the Australian climate.
Plantation Shutters are a great way to insulate your interior, keeping your energy bills to a minimum!
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Plantation Shutters come in a large range of colours, styles and materials, and are perfect for both traditional and contemporary interiors. They are great for highlighting certain parts of the room, allowing you to create your own interior centrepiece. They also look fantastic from the outside. They can also perfectly complement more bolder wall colours, offering you more variety with your home decoration.
What kinds of plantation shutters do we specialise in?
Perfect for your business
The style of plantation shutters is very popular with small businesses and companies, offering them a way to catch the eye of potential customers. We have fitted hundreds of companies with brilliant shutters that have given them a fresh image.
Our team will consult with you directly to determine what kind of shutter would best suit your needs. They also trap heat and keep out the harsh Australian summer sun, providing a valuable way to keep the interior temperature comfortable.
Give us a call for a Free Quote!
We offer a free, in-house measure and quote, ensuring your shutters are purposely built and suited for your needs and requirements. Contact us today on 1300 162 223 or use our online quote form, and see what we can do for you. | 2024-07-08T01:27:17.760571 | https://example.com/article/1809 |
The British Columbia government has announced nearly $116-million in royalty breaks for energy companies to construct roads or build pipelines in support of natural gas production in the province’s northeast.
In a move meant to stimulate liquefied natural gas exports to Asia, oil and gas companies will get a break on the royalties they would normally pay to the B.C. government for resource extraction. The benefit under the Infrastructure Royalty Credit Program can be as high as 50 per cent of the cost of constructing roads, pipelines and associated facilities. The majority of the 12 projects that will benefit from the $116-million break announced Monday will be built at the Montney play in an area north of Fort St. John, B.C.
The announcement comes the same day a report warned that B.C’s pledge to build the cleanest LNG industry in the world must be met with strict, and likely pricey, environmental measures. Without them, the report from environmental group Tides Canada warned, the province’s sector risks creating a carbon footprint nearly double that of the oil sands in 2010.
The main thrust of the B.C. royalty credit program is to encourage increased oil and gas exploration and production in underdeveloped areas, and extend the drilling season to allow for year-round activity.
The province expects the program to eventually benefit government coffers as well.
It estimates that the 2013 royalty credits will generate revenues of about $445-million five years from now.
“Our infrastructure royalty credit program is helping us build the capacity we need to make B.C. a world leader in natural gas supply and export,” said Rich Coleman, B.C.’s Minister of Natural Gas Development, in a news release.
The issue for B.C. is the lack of pipelines and roads needed to get the huge natural gas reserves out of the ground and to markets, said Geoff Morrison, the manager of B.C. operations for the Canadian Association of Petroleum Producers.
Mr. Morrison said the royalty credit announcement is significant for B.C. natural gas producers, who are competing with companies across North America, often in places where roads and pipelines are already built.
“Since the resource is ultimately owned by the British Columbia government, this is their way of sharing that cost initially to encourage the resource to be developed,” he said.
Factors such as the massive new natural gas supplies in the United States brought on by the shale-gas revolution and higher pipeline toll charges to get products to Central Canada have stranded natural gas supplies in storage facilities. The discounted Western Canadian prices have companies cutting production and pinning their hopes for the future of the industry on gaining access to Asian markets, such as Japan, China and South Korea, through the creation of LNG export facilities on the West Coast.
Other industry sources say the Clark government’s plan for an LNG export tax on top of the existing royalties scheme is another issue weighing on the industry. In recent months, officials from Japan – the world’s No. 1 natural gas importer – have said a major concern for trade between the two countries is uncertainty regarding the proposed B.C. tax.
While B.C.’s LNG industry remains in its early stages, the government is so sure of its vitality that it has already earmarked billions of dollars in projected LNG tax revenue for a new B.C. Prosperity Fund. Sandra Steilo – a spokeswoman for the B.C. Ministry of Natural Gas Development – said in an e-mail that the department is working on the creation of the fund, and is consulting on a framework that will deliver long-term benefits the province, provide industry with the certainty it needs, and give “a fair return for the owners of the resource, British Columbians.”
She said specifics on the fund will be released when the framework is finalized.
Ms. Steilo noted companies are required to fund the entire cost of an approved project, and complete it, before they are eligible to recover up to half their costs through the royalty credit program.
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Discover content from The Globe and Mail that you might otherwise not have come across. Here we’ll provide you with fresh suggestions where we will continue to make even better ones as we get to know you better. | 2023-11-20T01:27:17.760571 | https://example.com/article/1415 |
The insufficient nitrate response: patients' characterization and response to beta and calcium blockade.
Little information has been published regarding the nitrate-induced changes of left ventricular volumes at rest and during exercise in relation to the degree of the anti-ischaemic response. Therefore we assessed the electrocardiographically defined nitrate response to a single tablet of 80 mg isosorbide dinitrate s.r. and compared it to the changes in end-diastolic volumes at rest and during exercise, as determined by radionuclide ventriculography. Thirty-four of the 63 patients were classified as good nitrate responders, whereas 29 patients showed insufficient nitrate response with regard to the reduction of exercise-induced ST-segment depression. The baseline characteristics were quite comparable. At rest the ISDN-induced decrease of the end-diastolic count rate was significantly less (-17%) in patients with insufficient ST-segment response when compared to patients with good ST-segment response (-25%). During exercise, in patients with good ST-segment response, ISDN reduced the end-diastolic volume significantly (-19%), whereas in patients with insufficient ST-segment response the end-diastolic volume remained unchanged. In this special subset of patients with insufficient nitrate response we further evaluated the effects of additional beta or/and calcium blockade. The benefits from verapamil were equivalent to propranolol. However, a considerable part of the patients investigated needed the combination of verapamil and propranolol for an optimal anti-ischaemic drug treatment. Thus, our data support the concept that preload reduction plays a major role for the anti-ischaemic effects of ISDN in patients with exercise-dependent ischaemia. Since, a suboptimal therapeutic effect must be considered, objective control of the nitrate therapy (usually by exercise- and Holter-ECG) must be regarded as obligatory for each individual patient if optimal results are to be expected. | 2023-09-24T01:27:17.760571 | https://example.com/article/9725 |
Install the Build Head
The front of the build arm holds the build head in place over the resin tray. The build head is secured in place by a locking lever with kinematic coupling. Magnets in the assembly help align the build head correctly on the arm.
The back of the build arm is connected to the Z-axis, which moves the assembly vertically in the printing process.
The build arm consists of the following components:
1. LOCKING LEVER Locks the build head securely in place. Turn clockwise to lock, and counter clockwise to release.
2. BALL JOINT Allows the build head to be adjusted in all three dimensions. This allows the build head to be aligned parallel to the surface of the PDMS.
3. KINEMATIC COUPLING Functions as the interface between the build head and the build arm. It keeps the the two aligned together with a high degree of precision and accuracy. In addition, it contains magnets to keep the build head from falling off when the locking lever is released.
4. CALIBRATION BOLT Locks the ball joint in position; securing the build head position relative to the PDMS.
5. CALIBRATION HEX KEY This tool is used to loosen and tighten the calibration bolt. When not in use, it is stored in the build arm.
6. BUILD HEAD For detailed information about the build head, see below...
► ABOUT THE BUILD HEAD
Parts are printed onto the build plate, on the bottom of the build head. The build head is made of the following five elements:
1. KINEMATIC BEARINGS Interface with the coupling on the build arm.
2. BUILD HEAD HOUSING The structure of the build head, which was designed to be easily gripped in one hand.
3. MAGNETS These three magnets interface with the magnets in the build arm.
4. BUILD PLATE The aluminum plate upon which parts are printed.
► HOW TO INSTALL THE BUILD HEAD
STEP 1:
Turn the locking lever on the build arm counter-clockwise, into the open position.
STEP 2:
Insert the top of the build head into the locking mechanism on the build arm.
When oriented properly, you will feel the magnetic connections pull the build arm into the correct position.
STEP 3:
Secure the build arm in place by turning the locking lever clockwise, into the closed position.
NOTE
In order to be able to print with Ember, you must first calibrate the build head. For instruction on how to do this, see the section, Calibrate the build head. | 2024-06-26T01:27:17.760571 | https://example.com/article/7142 |
It took college coaches longer to find Ontario, Canada offensive tackle David Knevel than it probably would had he played his prep ball in the States, but the 6-foot-8, 290-pound lineman is now seeing his offer list swell and has begun the process of scheduling official visits. | 2024-01-24T01:27:17.760571 | https://example.com/article/1934 |
Cardiovascular effects of two different xanthines in healthy subjects. Studies at rest, during exercise and in combination with a beta-agonist, terbutaline.
The haemodynamic response to two xanthines, enprofylline and theophylline, was studied in 6 healthy male volunteers at rest, during exercise and in combination with the beta 2-agonist, terbutaline. At rest the haemodynamic effects of both xanthines were small and were qualitatively different from each other. While theophylline exerted a "pressor" response, enprofylline seemed to have arterial dilating ability. During exercise both xanthines as compared to placebo were associated with a higher heart rate and in general with increased systolic blood pressure. In combination with terbutaline enprofylline and theophylline both increased systolic blood pressure more than placebo, i.e. they augmented the positive inotropic effect of terbutaline. The systolic blood pressure was higher after theophylline than enprofylline despite their equipotent bronchodilator activity. This may reflect different inotropic effects of the xanthines as well as a difference in their influence on the response to adenosine. | 2024-03-16T01:27:17.760571 | https://example.com/article/5629 |
The US is the oldest democracy in the world. Well not quite! You will have to take that cliche with a pinch or two of salt for to swallow it you will have to disregard the genocide of Native Americans, the transatlantic slave trade, relentless warmongering around the globe, and the fact that most black Americans (voting rights act of 1965) and women (1920) could not vote until quite recently.
Be that as it may, the US institutions of liberal democracy, especially the legislative and the judiciary, are theoretically there to protect it against whims and wanton tyrannies that might threaten its executive branch.
The spectacle of Donald Trump's impeachment, however, makes one wonder.
'The Moscow Trials'
What today we recall as "the Moscow Trials" were a series of show trials in the former Soviet Union in the late 1930s staged against Trotskyists and other "enemies" Joseph Stalin had deemed dangerous to his reign. The defenders were charged with trying to subvert the Soviet Union and bring back capitalism.
On the surface nothing in Trump's impeachment trial at the US Senate resembles those dark years of the former Soviet Union. What we are witnessing in the US is democracy in action, isn't it?
The US president has been impeached by the House of Representatives, charged with abusing the power of his office to force a foreign country to investigate a political rival and obstruction of Congress. The impeachment was then sent to the US Senate for a trial and possible removal of the president from office. That is what the US constitution has wisely stipulated.
The senators were now to hear the case, evaluate the arguments, call in witnesses, and cast their votes. Democracy and the rule of law and thus justice would be served. After all Chief Justice John Roberts is presiding over the impeachment trial.
That would be the case if the two main factions of US politics, the Democrats and the Republicans, were actually interested in the rule of law and reason and serving justice rather than safeguarding their immediate and banal political interests.
A fair trial, an impartial jury and the calling of relevant witnesses Senate Majority Leader Mitch McConnell is not interested in. He had already declared openly that "I'm not an impartial juror." His sidekick, Senate Judiciary Chairman Lindsey Graham had also said openly: "I'm not trying to pretend to be a fair juror here" - promising he would do everything in his power to make the impeachment proceedings of the incurably corrupt Donald Trump "die quickly".
Stalin was probably not as remotely pleased with his henchmen back in the 1930s as Trump must be with his Republican comrades today. He will be acquitted and sent on his way to use this very show trial to his advantage in securing a second term.
Theatre of the absurd
Neither the Moscow Trials nor Trump's impeachment trial were after truth and justice. They were make-believe spectacles staged to suggest justice was being served when, in fact, it was being actively subverted.
The show will be used by Republicans to keep their grip on the White House and the Senate, to continue appointing conservative judges to the Supreme Court, to hold the reins of power in the three branches of government and to make the US the envy of xenophobic dictatorships around the globe.
But neither Russia, nor the US has any exclusive claim on such show trials.
Perhaps the prime example of all such show trials was in France during the Dreyfus Affair when, in one of the most notorious examples of European anti-Semitism, a Jewish artillery captain in the French army, Alfred Dreyfus (1859-1935), was falsely convicted of passing military secrets to the Germans. He was then publicly humiliated and subjected to the most hateful anti-Semitic venom.
In Iran, both under the Pahlavi regime and now under the Islamic republic, show trials have been the staple of political persecution, with the most famous case being that of Mohammad Mosaddeq after the CIA coup of 1953. In China during the so-called "Great Leap Forward" (1958-1962) Mao Zedong also had his real and imagined political enemies rounded up and given show trials, with some sentenced to death.
More recently in Egypt, the trial of Hosni Mubarak and later Mohammad Morsi were integral to the counterrevolutionary mobilisation to prop up Abdel Fattah el-Sisi's military junta. In Saudi Arabia, even more recently the so-called trial of the murderers of Jamal Khashoggi was meant to put an end to speculation about the top leadership's culpability in the murder of a dissident.
All of these show trials, from Stalin's and Mao's to Trump's, are reminiscent of the so-called Theatre of the Absurd, a genre of theatrical plays that emerged in Europe in the 1950s.
In the Theatre of the Absurd, playwrights deliberately use disjointed and meaningless dialogues and stage wayward apparition of plots to make a mockery of meaning and reason, very much on the model that Sarah Huckabee Sanders, the former White House Press Secretary, or better even Kellyanne Conway, senior counsellor to President Trump, use to defend their boss.
Indeed the absurd is on full show in Trump's trial: everyone knows that he abused his office to pressure a foreign country and yet in broad daylight, Alan Dershowitz, a Harvard professor of law on the president's defence team, stands up and says the US constitution does not say what the US constitution says, while McConnell puts together a whole political machinery to exonerate Trump and help pave the way for his re-election.
Trump's presidency and his impeachment are a theatre of the absurd on a global stage, except with real and calamitous consequences. There is no exiting this theatre.
We are all trapped in it and forced to watch a mockery of justice in which the organs of "the oldest democracy in the world" begin to devour themselves and the very idea of democracy is reduced to nullity.
The views expressed in this article are the author's own and do not necessarily reflect Al Jazeera's editorial stance. | 2024-01-17T01:27:17.760571 | https://example.com/article/8318 |
Stewart knocked out early in racing return
More than 3,000 people came to watch Tony Stewart race Tuesday night at the Bartholomew County 4-H Fairgrounds.
Midway through the main feature, some of those fans were headed for the exits.
Stewart, making his first appearance in his hometown since 2001, was knocked out on the 13th of 25 laps in the Midwest TQ Racing League event on Tony Stewart Night at the Bartholomew County Fair. He was running fifth at the time.
“These are motorcycle engines, so they have two coils that run two independent cylinders, and I think one of the coils went out, so basically I was running on two cylinders instead of four,” Stewart said.
Christopher Bell, an 18-year-old from Norman, Okla., who is living in Columbus, won the feature. C.J. Leary of Greenfield finished second, and Brett Hankins of Connersville was third.
Stewart started on the inside of Row 3 and was in seventh place the first two laps. He moved up to sixth on Lap 3, then fifth on Lap 10 and stayed there until a caution on Lap 12.
On the restart, Stewart passed Nick Speidel to move into fourth, but then another caution came before the lap was completed, sending Stewart back to fifth. Then, before the next restart, Stewart sensed something was wrong with the coils.
“I knew it coming down the backstretch when we were getting ready to take the green,” Stewart said. “I knew something wasn’t right. I didn’t know if it was loaded up with fuel, and maybe when we got going down the frontstretch maybe it would be all right.”
Even with the car in top condition, Stewart doesn’t think he could have climbed much higher.
“We definitely had enough to get to fourth there,” Stewart said. “We got to fourth there on that one restart, and that was probably about as far as we were going to make it. The top three were all really strong, so I’m not sure we could have done anything with those guys.”
Bell has been living with Pete Willoughby since March and racing for Columbus-based Keith Kunz Motorsports. Bell is running a full USAC Midget Car schedule and partial non-winged Sprint Car schedule. It was only his second TQ race.
“Right now, I’m just trying to race as much as I can in as many different cars as I can, and then later on in my career, if I’m still doing the same thing, I’ll probably go to college,” Bell said. “But as of now, I’m just going to try and race.”
“He was pretty good,” Stewart said. “I don’t think anybody was going to get to him tonight.”
Stewart was driving the No. 50 car of his friend, Ronnie Combs.
“I’m very appreciative of him because as a racecar driver, you never want to get out of your own racecar,” Stewart said.
“He put a fresh motor in three weeks ago just to make sure we had a fresh bullet in for tonight and had new tires on it for tonight. He did absolutely everything he could to give us the best opportunity.”
Stewart was the fourth-fastest qualifier at 17.634 seconds. He finished third in a Duel for Fuel featuring the top four qualifiers, then cruised to an easy win in Heat 4.
“It was nice,” Stewart said. “To most people, it’s just the county fairgrounds track, but I ran around here about every Saturday night for about six years in a row when I was a kid, so this place is a big deal to me. So to me, it was neat to be able to come back and race here tonight.
“I got to see so many people in TQ racing tonight that I hadn’t seen in 17 to 20 years,” he said. “The fun thing is, a bunch of them have sons that are now racing, so that’s kind of what TQ racing is built off of. It’s generation after generation racing.”
Fair board treasurer Shane Meyer said Tuesday’s event generated $18,739, $8,100 of which went to the fair.
“These guys definitely have it going on down here,” Meyer said. “There was enough stuff from me that I saw tonight to know that the TQ Series is alive and well and healthy. There’s good progress in the drivers, and I was proud to be able to come back and do it again tonight.” | 2024-01-26T01:27:17.760571 | https://example.com/article/5573 |
The search company’s machine learning systems work best on material from a few rich parts of the world, like the US. They stumble more frequently on data from less affluent countries—particularly emerging economies like India that Google is counting on to maintain its growth.
“We have a very sparse training data set from parts of the world that are not the United States and Western Europe,” says Anurag Batra, a product manager at Google. When Batra travels to his native Delhi, he says Google’s AI systems become less smart. Now, he leads a project trying to change that. “We can understand pasta very well, but if you ask about pesarattu dosa, or anything from Korea or Vietnam, we’re not very good,” Batra says.
To fix the problem, Batra is tapping the brains and phones of some of Google’s billions of users. His team built an app called Crowdsource that asks people to perform quick tasks like checking the accuracy of Google’s image-recognition and translation algorithms. Starting this week, the Crowdsource app also asks users to take and upload photos of nearby objects.
Google wants your help teaching its image recognition algorithms.
Google
Batra says that could help improve Google’s image search, camera apps, or its Lens application that offers augmented-reality features and information on monuments and other objects.
Google, like other tech companies active in machine learning, pays contractors to label images collected online. But internet images are heavily skewed towards the Western and affluent. “Things like what does a sewing machine look like in your world or what does a pair of slippers look like in your world can really help us,” Batra says. Google will also ask users if they will allow their images to be released in an open-source collection intended to aid AI research, and allow people to review and delete their contributions later.
Google has a Bangalore-based team that promotes the Crowdsource app in India and other parts of Asia at colleges and to community groups. This year it will expand elsewhere, with Latin America probably next in line. Batra says the program could be important to Google’s ambitions in augmented reality. The company’s software can handily recognize the Taj Mahal, but not all of the other historic monuments nearby, he says.
Using the Crowdsource app shows the breadth of Google’s interest in understanding the world and people’s lives in it. WIRED was invited to verify labels applied to photos in over 80 categories, ranging from toddlers to brides to funerals. The app also wanted help transcribing handwriting scrawled on touchscreens, and recognizing whether sentences from online reviews raving about cauliflower or ranting about builders expressed positive, negative, or neutral emotions.
Some tasks presented by the app demonstrate why Google needs more training data. Images of nuns and the Virgin Mary were tagged as brides, for example, and a photo from a moon landing as a snowscape.
On Reddit, one Crowdsource contributor documented the app displaying a drawing of a woman’s genitals and asking “Does this picture contain ‘kiss’?” Batra says Google tries to screen out offensive content before showing images in the app, and notes that users can report any that slip through.
Amazon also crowdsources images to train its AI systems—but will pay you a few cents for each photo.
Amazon
Data gathered via Crowdsource could prove valuable if it can help Google’s systems work equally well in Mumbai as Mountain View. With Western markets saturating, Google needs newer ones like India to sustain its growth. Any time an algorithm misunderstands something, it could be leaving rupees on the table.
Google isn’t offering to share that potential bounty with people contributing data to Crowdsource. The app rewards contributors with a system of points, badges, and certificates. Collect enough and you’ll be invited to join online chats with other top contributors via Google’s Hangouts service.
Batra says there’s still plenty of enthusiasm for the project, which originated with users in India and elsewhere asking how they could help Google better understand their language. “People love it when a product built in the west understands their language and world really well,” he says. Grassroots groups of Crowdsource contributors have sprung up in India and some nearby countries. A Facebook group for one in Sri Lanka has more than 3,000 members.
Amazon has its own program soliciting people outside the company to help the work of its artificial intelligence PhDs, but pays real money. An app called A9 Data Collection asks people to take and upload photos, mostly of household objects, and is integrated with Amazon’s Mechanical Turk crowdsourcing service. Earlier this week WIRED earned 35 cents by snapping five photos of a stovetop espresso maker.
Crowdsource is not the first time Google has solicited unpaid help gathering more data. The company prods users of Google Maps to share reviews, photos, and map updates. It uses CAPTCHA that aim to prevent bots logging into online services to gather data on street signs from Street View images.
Jeff Bigham, a professor at Carnegie Mellon who researches crowdsourcing, says asking people to work for free is OK as long as the deal offered is transparent. Yet while Google is being open about its motivations, it will be difficult for users to know what difference their contributions make. Uploading a few dozen images of objects around your home or neighborhood won’t make your smartphone instantly smarter. “The feedback loop is not particularly tight,” Bigham says.
Nor is it clear exactly how Google might deploy advantages gained from your data—and if you open source your contributions they could be used by anyone. Batra says it’s likely that improvements made possible by Crowdsource users will eventually be made available to Google’s cloud computing team. That division provides image recognition and other machine learning services to all kinds of organizations. They include the Pentagon, which is testing Google’s machine learning technology for what the company calls “non-offensive” analysis of drone footage. | 2024-07-22T01:27:17.760571 | https://example.com/article/9147 |
I don’t mean to divert attention away from Aaron Rodgers’s one-legged brilliance or the Browns achieving the impossible by not losing, but with the excitement surrounding the return of football, it’s been easy to forget that the NBA is officially dead and the Golden State Warriors are holding the knife. Things were already bad for the NBA in June, when the Warriors won their third championship in four years without breaking a sweat. But then DeMarcus Cousins signed with Golden State in July and America lost its collective shit. Memes were made. Angry tweets were sent by people with almost two dozen followers. Barbershop conversations temporarily revolved around something other than LeBron vs. Jordan. It was a truly scary time in this country.
When the dust settled, the basketball landscape was forever changed. After years of passionately following the best athletes on the planet, millions of Americans came to the conclusion that enough was enough: They could no longer sit idly by and watch as, for what must be the first time in league history, one franchise came to rule all the others. And so, these scorned NBA fans let their voices be heard as they pronounced that this season they will turn their attention to far less talented players who suit up for teams with whom these fans have no connection. That’s right, folks: NBA diehards are so fed up with the lack of parity in the pro game that they’re flocking in droves to college basketball, which hasn’t produced a first-time national champion in more than a decade and which should have a preseason AP poll featuring Duke, Kentucky, and Kansas as its top three teams.
With that in mind, I’d like to welcome these former NBA fans to their new college basketball home with a tradition that dates back to the dawn of time: trying to come up with talking points for an amateur sport that is five months deep into its offseason. See, we’re still about eight weeks away from the first college games tipping off, which means it’s not quite time to roll out the typical preview coverage that pretends like Luke Maye is the best player in the country and that Kansas might not win the Big 12. Yet with practices set to start in a few weeks, the sport’s time to officially make the shift from “offseason” to “preseason” is fast approaching. So as we wait in this no-man’s-land on the college basketball calendar, let’s look back on the past five months and make sense of the offseason happenings. Here are my power rankings of everything that’s transpired in college basketball since Villanova beat the brakes off Michigan in April to win its second national title in three years.
10. Condoleezza Rice saved college basketball and, therefore, the world.
If you’re looking for an explanation as to how Rice became one of the preeminent figures in college sports, I’m sorry to inform you that you’ve come to the wrong place. What I can tell you, though, is that the former U.S. secretary of state served as the head of the “Commission on College Basketball,” and in April the commission put out a list of recommendations designed to clean up what it felt were the biggest problems facing the sport. (I’m not saying the commission was a farce; I’m just saying “Ted Valentine and Jamie Luckie are still officiating games” wasn’t the top priority.) In August, many of the recommendations became NCAA rules. Among them:
Recruits can now take up to 15 official visits, 10 more than they could previously.
Players who declare for the NBA draft and aren’t picked can return to college, but only if they were invited to the combine before the draft.
High school and college players can sign with agents, but those agents can only pay for certain expenses near the player’s house/school, and the agents must be let go if the player enrolls in college or decides to come back to school. Oh, and the only players who are eligible to sign with agents are the high schoolers who have been deemed “elite” by USA Basketball and the college players who have been approved by something called the “NBA Undergraduate Advisory Committee.” Meanwhile, the only agents who can make deals in these instances are those who go through an NCAA program and receive certification.
Scholarship players who were enrolled at a college for two or more years before leaving to pursue a professional career can return to the same school within 10 years to finish their degree while having their tuition, books, and fees covered.
Parties in dorms with hookers, like the ones that led to Louisville having to vacate its 2013 national championship, are now permitted as a method of recruiting.
I’m joking about that last bullet point. (I think.) Just making sure you’re still paying attention.
School presidents and athletic department members are contractually required to cooperate fully in NCAA investigations, which is another way of saying that the NCAA essentially gave itself subpoena power.
The NCAA can now use information obtained from probes done by outside agencies as part of its own investigations. In other words, the NCAA can outsource all of its investigating to actual law enforcement officials instead of making Janice from accounting and Tom from IT jump into the Mystery Machine to track down head coaches and ask what they knew. I’m pretty sure every NCAA investigation over the past 50 years has been carried out via that latter approach.
Mind you, most of these changes seem unenforceable, unnecessarily complicated, flat-out bad, or some combination of the three. But the important thing is they are, in fact, changes. And given that we’re in the midst of the juiciest, most far-reaching scandal that college basketball has ever seen, being able to tout that changes have been made is all that really matters.
Speaking of which …
9. Very little has happened with the FBI saga that started with a bombshell last September.
When news broke almost a year ago that the FBI was busting down doors and throwing cuffs on corrupt college basketball coaches, I thought I was going to pass out from the blood rushing to my pants. It was the absolute perfect story: It was a widespread scandal centered on all the scummy stuff that happens in college basketball; the FBI was involved; nobody had any clue what the feds knew or didn’t know; and best of all, my favorite teams weren’t implicated. All signs pointed to the sport heading toward its version of baseball’s steroid era, with Hall of Famers ratting each other out and analysts lamenting how this country would never be the same again.
Instead, only two things have happened that anyone will remember in 20 years: Louisville fired Rick Pitino, and ESPN’s Mark Schlabach went for Sean Miller’s jugular and missed very, very badly. I initially believed that the FBI was handling this case with the kind of surgical precision that one might associate with America’s most powerful law enforcement agency. I’ve since learned that the key witnesses are imbeciles, nobody in the media ever has the smoking gun they think they have, and the lead undercover agent on the case may have literally gambled in Vegas with the investigative funds.
To be fair, this story is technically far from over. There’s no telling what the FBI has been up to behind the scenes, and there are plenty of things that need to be sorted out in court. Headlines—like Maryland being subpoenaed and Skechers (!!!) trying to take down Adidas—continue to pop up every so often. But I’d be lying if I said I have my bucket of popcorn out, anxiously awaiting the next development. GIVE ME THE BLOOD THAT I WAS PROMISED, DAMMIT!
8. Andrew Jones is on the road to recovery and is planning to play for Texas this season.
Jones was diagnosed with leukemia just 10 games into his sophomore season, one in which he was averaging 15.3 points, 3.0 rebounds, and 2.4 assists per contest before having his minutes limited because of his health. Once he discovered that he was battling something much more serious than the flu, he stepped away from basketball altogether to undergo treatment. Incredibly, just six years after being diagnosed with cancer, Jones is now back, as he proved by dunking in a (semi) competitive environment this July. He might even be part of the Longhorns’ rotation by opening night.
No, wait. I got that wrong. I meant to say that Jones was dunking six MONTHS after receiving his diagnosis.
I seriously have no idea how he’s doing this. As someone who becomes bedridden if I sneeze more than twice in a day, these kinds of stories blow my mind. I can’t imagine being diagnosed with anything before my 21st birthday, let alone cancer. And I certainly can’t imagine playing Big 12 basketball less than a year later.
The wildest thing about this is that you know Jones is going to come back and torch the competition. He already looked NBA-bound before receiving the diagnosis. Assuming he can get back to full strength, it stands to reason that he’ll now have a newfound sense of purpose and determination to pair with his uncommon skill set. That’s a recipe for domination.
7. A Canadian team kicked everyone’s ass this summer.
By everyone, I mean Cincinnati, Ole Miss, South Dakota State (twice), and Maryland Eastern Shore. That’s the list of schools that the Carleton Ravens defeated in August, with each victory coming by 18 or more points. I’m not saying this is the equivalent of rolling through a gantlet of February road games in the ACC. But let’s be honest: If Patrick Ewing was forced to play a nonconference schedule like this, odds are he’d resign as Georgetown’s head coach immediately.
This isn’t a flash-in-the-pan thing for Carleton, either. Over the past handful of years, the Ravens have also beaten Alabama, Providence, Vanderbilt, and a Wisconsin squad that went on to make the 2014 Final Four. It’s gotten to the point that losing to Carleton isn’t even remotely embarrassing; in fact, it’s almost a rite of passage. If you coach a college basketball team and it’s summertime in the States, you take that team north of the border, eat a ton of poutine, get your ass kicked by Carleton, and come home with explosive diarrhea and a two-hour tape full of teachable moments. That’s how it is.
Unless you’re Duke, in which case a trip to Canada means hitting Carleton with the “new phone, who dis?” treatment, running like hell, and finding comfort in crushing a bunch of nerds in Montreal.
6. Eric Musselman has turned Reno into Ellis Island.
Nevada should be a top-10 and maybe even top-five team in the AP poll to open this season, and head coach Eric Musselman’s strategy of welcoming every player on earth to campus and figuring out the rest later is a major reason. I’m only slightly exaggerating, by the way. When Caleb and Cody Martin announced their commitments to Nevada in May 2016, that put the Wolf Pack at 16 scholarship players, or three over the then-NCAA limit of 13. The problem sorted itself out when three players decided (or, ahem, had the decision made for them) to transfer or decommit. Two years later, Musselman found himself in a familiar position, as the Martin twins decided in May to return to Reno for their final seasons of eligibility, once again putting Nevada’s scholarship count over the NCAA allotment (this time of 15). And once again, the problem has resolved itself, as Nevada is back down to 13 scholarship players after Josh Hall transferred to Missouri State and graduate transfer Ehab Amin decommitted. (Weird coincidence that might not be a coincidence: After decommitting from Nevada, Amin ended up at Oregon, the same program that took in Kenny Wooten after Wooten was the odd man out in Reno when the Martin twins originally committed to Nevada in 2016.)
But it’s not just the binging and purging of scholarship players that makes Nevada’s roster unique. There’s also these facts:
Three of Nevada’s 13 scholarship players are true freshmen. Nine of the remaining 10 transferred into the program.
Six of Nevada’s 13 scholarships are being used by fifth-year seniors, two are being used by fourth-year juniors, and one is being used by a fourth-year senior.
Of the 10 non-freshman scholarship players on Nevada’s roster, nine have averaged 13.0 or more points per game over an entire season of Division I basketball.
2018 McDonald’s All American and incoming freshman Jordan Brown is Nevada’s first five-star recruit in program history.
Basically, everything you need to know about the 2018-19 Nevada men’s basketball team can be summed up with this: The 10-man rotation will feature a McDonald’s All American and nine guys who have at least four years of experience playing college basketball. NINE. Eight of those nine have averaged 13-plus points per game in a season, with the lone exception being Lindsey Drew … WHO IS HEADING INTO HIS FOURTH SEASON AS NEVADA’S STARTING POINT GUARD. I’ve never seen anything like this. It’s making me dizzy just thinking about how the hell everything you just read is possible. I need to go lie down.
5. It’s anyone’s guess as to who should be the National Player of the Year favorite.
A handful of publications have rolled out rankings of who they expect to be the best players in college basketball this season, and every single one of them is hilariously wrong. But here’s the weird thing: I can’t figure out why they’re wrong. If I had to make my own list, I’d probably laugh just as hard at my finished product as the ones that are out there. All I know for sure is that it doesn’t feel right to say that Luke Maye is the best player in America this season. The same can be said for Carsen Edwards. And that’s also how I feel about Mike Daum, Caleb Martin, Eric Paschall, Markus Howard, Grant Williams, Tyus Battle, whoever you think Gonzaga’s best player is, and every other guy returning to college basketball.
The picture grows even more unclear when accounting for the freshmen. It’s a safe bet to assume that at least one Duke freshman will challenge for All-American honors, but good luck trying to identify the favorite. Sorting through potential Kentucky and Kansas candidates presents a similar issue. Meanwhile, North Carolina’s Nassir Little has the talent to make a national POY push, but he’s teammates with Maye, and you and I both know that it will take the dummies who vote on this stuff until at least February to realize that Little is the Tar Heels’ best player. (Although, if last season with Jalen Brunson taught us anything, not being the best player on his own team might be the best thing for Maye’s POY candidacy.) Romeo Langford isn’t a terrible pick because he should score a ton of points for Indiana, but the Hoosiers might not be good enough for it to matter.
If you asked me right now to name a player who will be a first-team All-American at season’s end, I’d stare at you for a few seconds, come up with a shitty joke like “Sister Jean,” and hope that you laugh hard enough to forget that I failed to give a real answer. And if you pressed me, I suppose I’d say Virginia’s De’Andre Hunter. But given that Hunter is still teammates with Kyle Guy and America thinks that Guy is Virginia’s best player simply because he was the Cavaliers’ leading scorer a year ago, I wouldn’t exactly feel great about it. In other words: It’s going to be a wild season.
4. The RPI is dead and something called NET has risen from its ashes.
I won’t bore you with the details of this change because, hoo boy, the details are mind-numbing. So here’s the gist: Twenty years after the general public realized that the RPI’s ranking model was indistinguishable from drawing names out of a hat, the NCAA finally decided to do away with it. Moving forward, the chief metric for the NCAA tournament selection committee will be a thing called NET (Get it? Like a basketball net!) that’s admittedly better than the RPI, mostly because we now have the technology to track advanced stats that we previously couldn’t, such as margin of victory and road record. In fact, the NET system is so advanced that starting this season the entire NCAA tournament selection process will be automated: NET will spit out its top 68 teams, and nos. 1 through 4 will get the no. 1 seeds, nos. 5 through 8 will get the no. 2 seeds, and so on.
Wait, what? That’s not true? We’re still going to let a bunch of athletic directors who have no basketball background and watch maybe three games per week select the field and seed the teams? Huh. So you’re telling me that the NCAA is putting a massive emphasis on advanced metrics … and then ultimately leaving it up to humans to determine how they want to apply those metrics? I, for one, can’t find a single flaw in this system. Well done, everyone.
3. Duke’s recruiting class—and specifically Zion Williamson—is taking over the world.
I’m going to keep this section brief because I already wrote more than 2,000 words about Duke’s incoming freshman class and I need to pace myself if I’m going to make it through this season without passing out. But let’s just say that for a galaxy-brain content creator like me, the quartet of Zion, R.J. Barrett, Cam Reddish, and Tre Jones is manna from heaven. For God’s sake, do you realize how much I’ve already squeezed out of this Duke team from just three August games in Canada? It’s absurd. I don’t mean to gas myself up too much, but I’ve become so prolific when it comes to Duke content that Coach K farting during a press conference would be enough material for me to feed my family for an entire year.
Anyway, what makes me so giddy about this version of Duke is that the Blue Devils have the top three recruits in the country to go with another five-star recruit. All of these freshmen make Duke one of the two or three most talented teams in America, but it remains to be seen whether they can figure out how to play together. Also, Coach K has no idea what to do with former McDonald’s All American Marques Bolden; Duke doesn’t have a reliable big man; Alex O’Connell still exists; and we’re no closer to figuring out if Zion is fat. AHHHHHHHH, JUST START THE SEASON ALREADY.
2. Penny Hardaway vs. John Calipari vs. Coach K vs. Jeff Capel is about to melt my face off.
If you need further proof that college basketball is the greatest damn thing on earth, look no further: These four coaches have laid the foundation for the greatest recruiting war of all time smack dab in the middle of an FBI investigation into corrupt recruiting. The more I think about the timing of it all, the more I’m inclined to chef’s-kiss until my fingers bleed. Seriously, think about this for a second. Since news of the FBI investigation broke last September, the following has happened:
I’m not sure which of those four requires the most audacity. It’s staggering. And hey, would you look at that? The battle for the no. 1 overall recruit in the 2019 class, James Wiseman, is effectively a two-horse race between Memphis and Kentucky. I have no idea what we did to deserve this, but I suggest each and every one of you thank your lucky stars, because seeing “[Coach A] is beating [Coach B] at his own game” headlines a million times over the next five years is going to be glorious.
1. Rick Pitino officially retired.
After being fired from Louisville last October, Pitino wrote a book called Pitino: My Story. It was widely released last week, and in it he (a) shits all over Papa John; (b) takes full responsibility for his scandals at Louisville while also skirting responsibility for them in the same breath; and (c) all but claims that his removal from Louisville was a false-flag operation orchestrated by Kentucky fans (no, seriously). And while on a press tour for the book, Pitino repeatedly stated that he was done coaching forever. Some, such as Mike Rutherford, have written that Pitino will probably pop up on a sideline again soon. But I disagree. Pitino has never given anybody reason to distrust him before, so I have no choice but to take him at his word here.
Why would he want to get back into coaching anyway? The man has been victimized in unprecedented fashion by a system that conspired to bring him down simply because he was too successful and trusted the people around him too much. After all, what’s the point in coaching college basketball if you can’t even have an affair with a woman in an Italian restaurant, pay for her to have an abortion, and look the other way while your assistants hire hookers to lure in recruits and dole out large sums of money to convince players to come to your school? This was a witch hunt from Day 1, and it’s good to see that Pitino is smart enough to know how to handle it: Deny everything, paint yourself as the victim while simultaneously taking full responsibility, spend a ton of money to sue the University of Louisville, use the word “shocked” as often as possible, do a billion televised interviews that nobody asked for, write a tell-all book that doesn’t really tell anything, and then ride off into the sunset with your head held high. If the general public can’t support you after you’ve given them THE TRUTH, well, that’s on them.
So with that, I’d like to pour one out for one of the greatest college coaches who ever lived. Say what you want about Pitino, but the man knew how to build a winner. There will never be another coach like him, and it’s a shame that everything ended the way it did. Most importantly, it’s a shame that, with the remnants of Pitino’s career on their last leg, it appears as though all of the double entendre jokes made at Pitino’s expense are going to come to an end far too abruptly. | 2024-01-16T01:27:17.760571 | https://example.com/article/8798 |
P3 Animal Away Ir Repellant
Keep the dog out of the living room or raccoons away from your garbage. The state of the art Animal Away utilizes powerful high-pitched frequencies to deter animals from invading your space. Inaudible to humans, animals find this high-pitched frequency uncomfortable and move to a more peaceful neighborhood. Other devices emit a constant sound, but Animal Away saves batteries by utilizing an infrared motion detector that activates the 23,000 Hz signal only when the unit detects motion within a 45-foot range. Use it indoor or outdoors. Wireless operation, powered by one 9-volt battery, allows the Animal Away to be optimally positioned to limit animal access. Easily mounts on walls, fences, or even wooden stakes and its green housing blends in with most lawns. Now you decide what areas are off limits. | 2024-04-05T01:27:17.760571 | https://example.com/article/8041 |
We Must Stand United explores the contributions of history makers such as James Colston, Roscoe Brown, and countless generations of students who have made Bronx Community College (BCC) a center of black activism. It demonstrates BCC's crucial [...] | 2024-05-22T01:27:17.760571 | https://example.com/article/9578 |
'use strict';
var PingppResource = require('../PingppResource');
module.exports = PingppResource.extend({
path: 'royalty_transactions',
includeBasic: [
'list', 'retrieve'
],
});
| 2024-05-25T01:27:17.760571 | https://example.com/article/3642 |
Original Sensible Auto Ghost OG Autoflowering Feminised Seeds Info
Our Auto OG Kush just got even better with the addition of Colorado Ghost OG. In this new and improved version of our OG Kush Auto we used the Colorado Ghost cut, improving the taste, flavor and effect. The only aspect that remains the same is the simplicity to grow. Even a novice grower will be able to produce top quality THC crystal packed nugs in less than 75 days from seed to harvest which are both stimulating and relaxing. The taste and aroma remains seductive and earthy but with a more heavier citrus and piney background delivering a powerful body stone with a happy euphoric effect leading to a dreamy relaxation with the power to eleviate stress, anxiety and sleep issues. These strong effects can also assist with pain and depression and is a great cannabis to boost your appetite and make you feel positive, especially following illness or just to make you feel better about the world. If you want the best OG Kush weed in the shortest possible time, these new Colorado Ghost autoflowering cannabis seeds from Original Sensible will deliver. | 2024-03-10T01:27:17.760571 | https://example.com/article/9396 |
Australia's box jellyfish has toxins more potent than the venom in cobras. A person who is stung can die within minutes.
They are the most dangerous marine creatures alive, responsible for more deaths than the combined victims of stonefish, sharks and crocodiles. They are sea wasps, or more commonly, the Box Jellyfish, which is found in the region of northern Australia and the Indo-Pacific.
The Box Jellyfish has a slightly more defined body than other species, being a dome, or bell-shape that has four sides, hence the "box" part of its name. The sides may measure as long as 8", and the main body can weigh 4-5 pounds.
At each corner of the "box", are clusters of 15 tentacles that can measure more than six feet. Up to 5,000 nematocysts, or stinging cells, line the tentacles. The box jellyfish literally lets its food swim into it, and because it's hair like extensions can tear so easily, struggling prey must be killed immediately.
The venom that is injected through its stings is both cardio and neuro toxic. If there is no anti venom available, the chances of survival are very slim, even with resuscitation. However, even though the tentacles are sticky and cling to the victim's body after they have come in contact, it is possible to render the stinging cells inactive, by pouring household vinegar on them. This may cut off further injection of the poison and increase the chance of survival. | 2024-07-22T01:27:17.760571 | https://example.com/article/9464 |
Q:
Iterate over dataset after all data has been fetched
On my page have a method that is fetching data from a server using a rxjs service and saving them to a Set.
When I'm trying to iterate over them in the view and apply a Pipe I noticed that the pipe code is called before the full dataset is loaded. I managed to make the iteration wait with an
<ion-list *ngIf="mySet.size > 1">
but the size is unknown. How can I wait for the full dataset to load before applying the pipe and iterating?
A:
You should create boolean that will be true only once the data is loaded.
isDataLoaded
and then in your template do:
<ion-list *ngIf="isDataLoaded">
| 2023-08-15T01:27:17.760571 | https://example.com/article/5073 |
Isosorbide dinitrate ointment vs botulinum toxin A (Dysport) as the primary treatment for chronic anal fissure: a randomized multicentre study.
Nitric oxide donors, such as isosorbide dinitrate ointment (ISDN), are considered as first-choice agents in the treatment of chronic anal fissure. Injection with botulinum toxin A in the internal anal sphincter is often used as a second-line therapy, although it may give better results and fewer side effects than nitric oxide donors. The aim of this randomized clinical trial was to investigate whether botulinum toxin A (Dysport) is more effective than ISDN in the primary treatment of chronic anal fissure. From April 2005 until October 2009, 60 patients (32 men) with a median age of 42 (25-82) years were randomized to receive either ISDN 10 mg/ml (1%) (n = 33) or injection with 60 units of Dysport (n = 27). The primary end-point was the percentage of complete fissure healing after 8 weeks. After a median of 9 weeks complete fissure healing was noted in 18 of 27 patients in the Dysport group and in 11 of 33 patients in the ISDN group (P = 0.010). Absolute improvement of pain scores after 9 weeks was similar in both groups (P = 0.733). Patients treated with Dysport had fewer side effects than patients treated with ISDN (P = 0.028). Of the patients with a healed fissure, 28% of the Dysport group and 50% of the ISDN group had a recurrence within 1 year (P = 0.286; hazard ratio 2.08; 95% CI = 0.54-7.97). Dysport is more effective than ISDN ointment and has fewer side effects in the primary treatment of chronic anal fissure. The recurrence rate within 1 year in both treatment groups is high. | 2023-09-13T01:27:17.760571 | https://example.com/article/7659 |
Q:
How to create NSDate timer with selector and time interval
Hi I want to create an NSDate object with the following functionality as the NSTimer line below.
[NSTimer scheduledTimerWithTimeInterval:(slider.value * 60) target:self selector:@selector(nextFunction) userInfo:nil repeats:NO];
So what is it that appeals to me about the above like is that I can put in the time I want for it to countdown. Also once the timer has reached 0 the nextFunction method is called. But I need to use NSDate for a future operation that cannot be completed with NSTimer. In summary, I want to create an NSDate that will countdown from whatever current value my slider holds then upon completion of countdown to call the nextFunction method. Thanks
A:
You could create the NSDate from the sliders value:
NSDate *date = [[NSDate alloc] initWithTimeintervalSinceNow:(slider.value * 60)];
Then use its timeInterval to create the timer:
[NSTimer scheduledTimerWithTimeInterval:[date timeIntervalSinceNow] target:self selector:@selector(nextFunction) userInfo:nil repeats:NO];
I guess that should do it.
| 2023-09-05T01:27:17.760571 | https://example.com/article/6013 |
Can
understand the main contents of complex texts on concrete and abstract topics;
also understands specialized discussions in his/her own primary area of
specialization. Can communicate so spontaneously and fluently that a normal
conversation with native speakers is easily possible without a great deal of
effort on either side. Can express him/herself on a wide range of topics in a
clear and detailed manner, explain his/her position on a current issue and
indicate the benefits and drawbacks of various options.
Level B2:
> Lessons
> Grammar
After Completing this level, a student can:
> Understand a wide range of texts, both shorter and longer simple texts
> Express him/herself simply and coherently when talking about familiar topics and areas of personal interest.
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👅Fan Submission
#I usually cover gaming on this Tumblr, but can a fan of Madoka Magica The Killer Bee herself sports a beautiful behind in this picture, standing at Similar to the last image, Capcom has Cammy going bottomless, leaving. | 2023-08-13T01:27:17.760571 | https://example.com/article/8286 |
// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
/*
* fsgsbase.c, an fsgsbase test
* Copyright (c) 2014-2016 Andy Lutomirski
*/
#define _GNU_SOURCE
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdbool.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <sys/syscall.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <err.h>
#include <sys/user.h>
#include <asm/prctl.h>
#include <sys/prctl.h>
#include <signal.h>
#include <limits.h>
#include <sys/ucontext.h>
#include <sched.h>
#include <linux/futex.h>
#include <pthread.h>
#include <asm/ldt.h>
#include <sys/mman.h>
#include <stddef.h>
#include <sys/ptrace.h>
#include <sys/wait.h>
#include <setjmp.h>
#ifndef __x86_64__
# error This test is 64-bit only
#endif
static volatile sig_atomic_t want_segv;
static volatile unsigned long segv_addr;
static unsigned short *shared_scratch;
static int nerrs;
static void sethandler(int sig, void (*handler)(int, siginfo_t *, void *),
int flags)
{
struct sigaction sa;
memset(&sa, 0, sizeof(sa));
sa.sa_sigaction = handler;
sa.sa_flags = SA_SIGINFO | flags;
sigemptyset(&sa.sa_mask);
if (sigaction(sig, &sa, 0))
err(1, "sigaction");
}
static void clearhandler(int sig)
{
struct sigaction sa;
memset(&sa, 0, sizeof(sa));
sa.sa_handler = SIG_DFL;
sigemptyset(&sa.sa_mask);
if (sigaction(sig, &sa, 0))
err(1, "sigaction");
}
static void sigsegv(int sig, siginfo_t *si, void *ctx_void)
{
ucontext_t *ctx = (ucontext_t*)ctx_void;
if (!want_segv) {
clearhandler(SIGSEGV);
return; /* Crash cleanly. */
}
want_segv = false;
segv_addr = (unsigned long)si->si_addr;
ctx->uc_mcontext.gregs[REG_RIP] += 4; /* Skip the faulting mov */
}
static jmp_buf jmpbuf;
static void sigill(int sig, siginfo_t *si, void *ctx_void)
{
siglongjmp(jmpbuf, 1);
}
static bool have_fsgsbase;
static inline unsigned long rdgsbase(void)
{
unsigned long gsbase;
asm volatile("rdgsbase %0" : "=r" (gsbase) :: "memory");
return gsbase;
}
static inline unsigned long rdfsbase(void)
{
unsigned long fsbase;
asm volatile("rdfsbase %0" : "=r" (fsbase) :: "memory");
return fsbase;
}
static inline void wrgsbase(unsigned long gsbase)
{
asm volatile("wrgsbase %0" :: "r" (gsbase) : "memory");
}
static inline void wrfsbase(unsigned long fsbase)
{
asm volatile("wrfsbase %0" :: "r" (fsbase) : "memory");
}
enum which_base { FS, GS };
static unsigned long read_base(enum which_base which)
{
unsigned long offset;
/*
* Unless we have FSGSBASE, there's no direct way to do this from
* user mode. We can get at it indirectly using signals, though.
*/
want_segv = true;
offset = 0;
if (which == FS) {
/* Use a constant-length instruction here. */
asm volatile ("mov %%fs:(%%rcx), %%rax" : : "c" (offset) : "rax");
} else {
asm volatile ("mov %%gs:(%%rcx), %%rax" : : "c" (offset) : "rax");
}
if (!want_segv)
return segv_addr + offset;
/*
* If that didn't segfault, try the other end of the address space.
* Unless we get really unlucky and run into the vsyscall page, this
* is guaranteed to segfault.
*/
offset = (ULONG_MAX >> 1) + 1;
if (which == FS) {
asm volatile ("mov %%fs:(%%rcx), %%rax"
: : "c" (offset) : "rax");
} else {
asm volatile ("mov %%gs:(%%rcx), %%rax"
: : "c" (offset) : "rax");
}
if (!want_segv)
return segv_addr + offset;
abort();
}
static void check_gs_value(unsigned long value)
{
unsigned long base;
unsigned short sel;
printf("[RUN]\tARCH_SET_GS to 0x%lx\n", value);
if (syscall(SYS_arch_prctl, ARCH_SET_GS, value) != 0)
err(1, "ARCH_SET_GS");
asm volatile ("mov %%gs, %0" : "=rm" (sel));
base = read_base(GS);
if (base == value) {
printf("[OK]\tGSBASE was set as expected (selector 0x%hx)\n",
sel);
} else {
nerrs++;
printf("[FAIL]\tGSBASE was not as expected: got 0x%lx (selector 0x%hx)\n",
base, sel);
}
if (syscall(SYS_arch_prctl, ARCH_GET_GS, &base) != 0)
err(1, "ARCH_GET_GS");
if (base == value) {
printf("[OK]\tARCH_GET_GS worked as expected (selector 0x%hx)\n",
sel);
} else {
nerrs++;
printf("[FAIL]\tARCH_GET_GS was not as expected: got 0x%lx (selector 0x%hx)\n",
base, sel);
}
}
static void mov_0_gs(unsigned long initial_base, bool schedule)
{
unsigned long base, arch_base;
printf("[RUN]\tARCH_SET_GS to 0x%lx then mov 0 to %%gs%s\n", initial_base, schedule ? " and schedule " : "");
if (syscall(SYS_arch_prctl, ARCH_SET_GS, initial_base) != 0)
err(1, "ARCH_SET_GS");
if (schedule)
usleep(10);
asm volatile ("mov %0, %%gs" : : "rm" (0));
base = read_base(GS);
if (syscall(SYS_arch_prctl, ARCH_GET_GS, &arch_base) != 0)
err(1, "ARCH_GET_GS");
if (base == arch_base) {
printf("[OK]\tGSBASE is 0x%lx\n", base);
} else {
nerrs++;
printf("[FAIL]\tGSBASE changed to 0x%lx but kernel reports 0x%lx\n", base, arch_base);
}
}
static volatile unsigned long remote_base;
static volatile bool remote_hard_zero;
static volatile unsigned int ftx;
/*
* ARCH_SET_FS/GS(0) may or may not program a selector of zero. HARD_ZERO
* means to force the selector to zero to improve test coverage.
*/
#define HARD_ZERO 0xa1fa5f343cb85fa4
static void do_remote_base()
{
unsigned long to_set = remote_base;
bool hard_zero = false;
if (to_set == HARD_ZERO) {
to_set = 0;
hard_zero = true;
}
if (syscall(SYS_arch_prctl, ARCH_SET_GS, to_set) != 0)
err(1, "ARCH_SET_GS");
if (hard_zero)
asm volatile ("mov %0, %%gs" : : "rm" ((unsigned short)0));
unsigned short sel;
asm volatile ("mov %%gs, %0" : "=rm" (sel));
printf("\tother thread: ARCH_SET_GS(0x%lx)%s -- sel is 0x%hx\n",
to_set, hard_zero ? " and clear gs" : "", sel);
}
static __thread int set_thread_area_entry_number = -1;
static unsigned short load_gs(void)
{
/*
* Sets GS != 0 and GSBASE != 0 but arranges for the kernel to think
* that GSBASE == 0 (i.e. thread.gsbase == 0).
*/
/* Step 1: tell the kernel that we have GSBASE == 0. */
if (syscall(SYS_arch_prctl, ARCH_SET_GS, 0) != 0)
err(1, "ARCH_SET_GS");
/* Step 2: change GSBASE without telling the kernel. */
struct user_desc desc = {
.entry_number = 0,
.base_addr = 0xBAADF00D,
.limit = 0xfffff,
.seg_32bit = 1,
.contents = 0, /* Data, grow-up */
.read_exec_only = 0,
.limit_in_pages = 1,
.seg_not_present = 0,
.useable = 0
};
if (syscall(SYS_modify_ldt, 1, &desc, sizeof(desc)) == 0) {
printf("\tusing LDT slot 0\n");
asm volatile ("mov %0, %%gs" : : "rm" ((unsigned short)0x7));
return 0x7;
} else {
/* No modify_ldt for us (configured out, perhaps) */
struct user_desc *low_desc = mmap(
NULL, sizeof(desc),
PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE,
MAP_PRIVATE | MAP_ANONYMOUS | MAP_32BIT, -1, 0);
memcpy(low_desc, &desc, sizeof(desc));
low_desc->entry_number = set_thread_area_entry_number;
/* 32-bit set_thread_area */
long ret;
asm volatile ("int $0x80"
: "=a" (ret), "+m" (*low_desc)
: "a" (243), "b" (low_desc)
: "r8", "r9", "r10", "r11");
memcpy(&desc, low_desc, sizeof(desc));
munmap(low_desc, sizeof(desc));
if (ret != 0) {
printf("[NOTE]\tcould not create a segment -- test won't do anything\n");
return 0;
}
printf("\tusing GDT slot %d\n", desc.entry_number);
set_thread_area_entry_number = desc.entry_number;
unsigned short gs = (unsigned short)((desc.entry_number << 3) | 0x3);
asm volatile ("mov %0, %%gs" : : "rm" (gs));
return gs;
}
}
void test_wrbase(unsigned short index, unsigned long base)
{
unsigned short newindex;
unsigned long newbase;
printf("[RUN]\tGS = 0x%hx, GSBASE = 0x%lx\n", index, base);
asm volatile ("mov %0, %%gs" : : "rm" (index));
wrgsbase(base);
remote_base = 0;
ftx = 1;
syscall(SYS_futex, &ftx, FUTEX_WAKE, 0, NULL, NULL, 0);
while (ftx != 0)
syscall(SYS_futex, &ftx, FUTEX_WAIT, 1, NULL, NULL, 0);
asm volatile ("mov %%gs, %0" : "=rm" (newindex));
newbase = rdgsbase();
if (newindex == index && newbase == base) {
printf("[OK]\tIndex and base were preserved\n");
} else {
printf("[FAIL]\tAfter switch, GS = 0x%hx and GSBASE = 0x%lx\n",
newindex, newbase);
nerrs++;
}
}
static void *threadproc(void *ctx)
{
while (1) {
while (ftx == 0)
syscall(SYS_futex, &ftx, FUTEX_WAIT, 0, NULL, NULL, 0);
if (ftx == 3)
return NULL;
if (ftx == 1) {
do_remote_base();
} else if (ftx == 2) {
/*
* On AMD chips, this causes GSBASE != 0, GS == 0, and
* thread.gsbase == 0.
*/
load_gs();
asm volatile ("mov %0, %%gs" : : "rm" ((unsigned short)0));
} else {
errx(1, "helper thread got bad command");
}
ftx = 0;
syscall(SYS_futex, &ftx, FUTEX_WAKE, 0, NULL, NULL, 0);
}
}
static void set_gs_and_switch_to(unsigned long local,
unsigned short force_sel,
unsigned long remote)
{
unsigned long base;
unsigned short sel_pre_sched, sel_post_sched;
bool hard_zero = false;
if (local == HARD_ZERO) {
hard_zero = true;
local = 0;
}
printf("[RUN]\tARCH_SET_GS(0x%lx)%s, then schedule to 0x%lx\n",
local, hard_zero ? " and clear gs" : "", remote);
if (force_sel)
printf("\tBefore schedule, set selector to 0x%hx\n", force_sel);
if (syscall(SYS_arch_prctl, ARCH_SET_GS, local) != 0)
err(1, "ARCH_SET_GS");
if (hard_zero)
asm volatile ("mov %0, %%gs" : : "rm" ((unsigned short)0));
if (read_base(GS) != local) {
nerrs++;
printf("[FAIL]\tGSBASE wasn't set as expected\n");
}
if (force_sel) {
asm volatile ("mov %0, %%gs" : : "rm" (force_sel));
sel_pre_sched = force_sel;
local = read_base(GS);
/*
* Signal delivery seems to mess up weird selectors. Put it
* back.
*/
asm volatile ("mov %0, %%gs" : : "rm" (force_sel));
} else {
asm volatile ("mov %%gs, %0" : "=rm" (sel_pre_sched));
}
remote_base = remote;
ftx = 1;
syscall(SYS_futex, &ftx, FUTEX_WAKE, 0, NULL, NULL, 0);
while (ftx != 0)
syscall(SYS_futex, &ftx, FUTEX_WAIT, 1, NULL, NULL, 0);
asm volatile ("mov %%gs, %0" : "=rm" (sel_post_sched));
base = read_base(GS);
if (base == local && sel_pre_sched == sel_post_sched) {
printf("[OK]\tGS/BASE remained 0x%hx/0x%lx\n",
sel_pre_sched, local);
} else {
nerrs++;
printf("[FAIL]\tGS/BASE changed from 0x%hx/0x%lx to 0x%hx/0x%lx\n",
sel_pre_sched, local, sel_post_sched, base);
}
}
static void test_unexpected_base(void)
{
unsigned long base;
printf("[RUN]\tARCH_SET_GS(0), clear gs, then manipulate GSBASE in a different thread\n");
if (syscall(SYS_arch_prctl, ARCH_SET_GS, 0) != 0)
err(1, "ARCH_SET_GS");
asm volatile ("mov %0, %%gs" : : "rm" ((unsigned short)0));
ftx = 2;
syscall(SYS_futex, &ftx, FUTEX_WAKE, 0, NULL, NULL, 0);
while (ftx != 0)
syscall(SYS_futex, &ftx, FUTEX_WAIT, 1, NULL, NULL, 0);
base = read_base(GS);
if (base == 0) {
printf("[OK]\tGSBASE remained 0\n");
} else {
nerrs++;
printf("[FAIL]\tGSBASE changed to 0x%lx\n", base);
}
}
#define USER_REGS_OFFSET(r) offsetof(struct user_regs_struct, r)
static void test_ptrace_write_gsbase(void)
{
int status;
pid_t child = fork();
if (child < 0)
err(1, "fork");
if (child == 0) {
printf("[RUN]\tPTRACE_POKE(), write GSBASE from ptracer\n");
*shared_scratch = load_gs();
if (ptrace(PTRACE_TRACEME, 0, NULL, NULL) != 0)
err(1, "PTRACE_TRACEME");
raise(SIGTRAP);
_exit(0);
}
wait(&status);
if (WSTOPSIG(status) == SIGTRAP) {
unsigned long gs, base;
unsigned long gs_offset = USER_REGS_OFFSET(gs);
unsigned long base_offset = USER_REGS_OFFSET(gs_base);
gs = ptrace(PTRACE_PEEKUSER, child, gs_offset, NULL);
if (gs != *shared_scratch) {
nerrs++;
printf("[FAIL]\tGS is not prepared with nonzero\n");
goto END;
}
if (ptrace(PTRACE_POKEUSER, child, base_offset, 0xFF) != 0)
err(1, "PTRACE_POKEUSER");
gs = ptrace(PTRACE_PEEKUSER, child, gs_offset, NULL);
base = ptrace(PTRACE_PEEKUSER, child, base_offset, NULL);
/*
* In a non-FSGSBASE system, the nonzero selector will load
* GSBASE (again). But what is tested here is whether the
* selector value is changed or not by the GSBASE write in
* a ptracer.
*/
if (gs != *shared_scratch) {
nerrs++;
printf("[FAIL]\tGS changed to %lx\n", gs);
/*
* On older kernels, poking a nonzero value into the
* base would zero the selector. On newer kernels,
* this behavior has changed -- poking the base
* changes only the base and, if FSGSBASE is not
* available, this may have no effect once the tracee
* is resumed.
*/
if (gs == 0)
printf("\tNote: this is expected behavior on older kernels.\n");
} else if (have_fsgsbase && (base != 0xFF)) {
nerrs++;
printf("[FAIL]\tGSBASE changed to %lx\n", base);
} else {
printf("[OK]\tGS remained 0x%hx", *shared_scratch);
if (have_fsgsbase)
printf(" and GSBASE changed to 0xFF");
printf("\n");
}
}
END:
ptrace(PTRACE_CONT, child, NULL, NULL);
}
int main()
{
pthread_t thread;
shared_scratch = mmap(NULL, 4096, PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE,
MAP_ANONYMOUS | MAP_SHARED, -1, 0);
/* Probe FSGSBASE */
sethandler(SIGILL, sigill, 0);
if (sigsetjmp(jmpbuf, 1) == 0) {
rdfsbase();
have_fsgsbase = true;
printf("\tFSGSBASE instructions are enabled\n");
} else {
printf("\tFSGSBASE instructions are disabled\n");
}
clearhandler(SIGILL);
sethandler(SIGSEGV, sigsegv, 0);
check_gs_value(0);
check_gs_value(1);
check_gs_value(0x200000000);
check_gs_value(0);
check_gs_value(0x200000000);
check_gs_value(1);
for (int sched = 0; sched < 2; sched++) {
mov_0_gs(0, !!sched);
mov_0_gs(1, !!sched);
mov_0_gs(0x200000000, !!sched);
}
/* Set up for multithreading. */
cpu_set_t cpuset;
CPU_ZERO(&cpuset);
CPU_SET(0, &cpuset);
if (sched_setaffinity(0, sizeof(cpuset), &cpuset) != 0)
err(1, "sched_setaffinity to CPU 0"); /* should never fail */
if (pthread_create(&thread, 0, threadproc, 0) != 0)
err(1, "pthread_create");
static unsigned long bases_with_hard_zero[] = {
0, HARD_ZERO, 1, 0x200000000,
};
for (int local = 0; local < 4; local++) {
for (int remote = 0; remote < 4; remote++) {
for (unsigned short s = 0; s < 5; s++) {
unsigned short sel = s;
if (s == 4)
asm ("mov %%ss, %0" : "=rm" (sel));
set_gs_and_switch_to(
bases_with_hard_zero[local],
sel,
bases_with_hard_zero[remote]);
}
}
}
test_unexpected_base();
if (have_fsgsbase) {
unsigned short ss;
asm volatile ("mov %%ss, %0" : "=rm" (ss));
test_wrbase(0, 0);
test_wrbase(0, 1);
test_wrbase(0, 0x200000000);
test_wrbase(0, 0xffffffffffffffff);
test_wrbase(ss, 0);
test_wrbase(ss, 1);
test_wrbase(ss, 0x200000000);
test_wrbase(ss, 0xffffffffffffffff);
}
ftx = 3; /* Kill the thread. */
syscall(SYS_futex, &ftx, FUTEX_WAKE, 0, NULL, NULL, 0);
if (pthread_join(thread, NULL) != 0)
err(1, "pthread_join");
test_ptrace_write_gsbase();
return nerrs == 0 ? 0 : 1;
}
| 2023-10-07T01:27:17.760571 | https://example.com/article/8547 |
Kerbear's Blog
I had suffered from stomach pain for several years before being diagnosed. Doctors treated me for gallbladder disease, ulcers (though none were found) and I underwent a procedure where they look inside your stomach and small intestines called and endoscope, sounds worse than it is. | 2024-06-06T01:27:17.760571 | https://example.com/article/2519 |
The present invention relates to storage systems and methods for paint roller sleeves and, in particular, to such systems and methods that allow a paint roller sleeve to be stored in the same container in which the paint is stored.
Painters often use paint roller assemblies to apply paint to a surface. A paint roller assembly typically comprises a roller sleeve supported by a roller handle assembly. The roller handle assembly comprises a handle member and a roller cage. The roller cage is supported by the handle member for rotation about a roller axis. The roller sleeve is detachably attached to the roller cage. During use, the user grasps the handle member to roll the roller sleeve about the roller axis first in paint (usually in a tray) and then onto the surface to be coated.
Conventionally, paint roller sleeves are considered disposable. However, the paint roller sleeves are often cleaned and reused several times before eventually being discarded. If the entire paint roller assembly is cleaned so that the roller sleeve may be reused, as much paint as possible is first removed from the roller sleeve. The roller sleeve and roller handle assembly are then rinsed in the appropriate solvent.
The steps of removing paint from the roller sleeve and rinsing the roller sleeve with a solvent can be messy and time consuming. The need thus exists for systems and methods that facilitate the re-use of roller sleeves.
The present invention is a storage system for paint roller sleeves defining a core cavity. The storage system comprises a bucket member, a lid member, and a roller projection. The bucket member defines a bucket chamber and an upper edge, and paint is arranged within the bucket chamber. The lid member defines an edge wall adapted to engage the upper edge of the bucket member. The roller projection extends into the bucket chamber to support the paint roller sleeve within the bucket chamber. The roller projection defines at least one roller surface sized and dimensioned to engage the core cavity of the paint roller sleeve. The lid member seals the bucket chamber and thereby inhibits drying of the paint stored within the bucket chamber, including any paint on the roller sleeve suspended therein by the roller projection. | 2024-01-06T01:27:17.760571 | https://example.com/article/3477 |
Can't Help Falling In Love - Elvis Presley
Wise men say, only fools rush in
But I can't help falling in love with you
Shall I stay? Would it be a sin?
If I can't help falling in love with you
Like a river flows, surely to the sea
Darling so it goes, some things are meant to be
Take my hand, take my whole life too
For I can't help falling in love with you
Like a river flows, surely to the sea
Darling so it goes, some things are meant to be
Take my hand, take my whole life too
For I can't help falling in love with you
For I can't help falling in love with you
| 2023-09-20T01:27:17.760571 | https://example.com/article/2536 |
/*
Copyright The Kubernetes Authors.
Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
You may obtain a copy of the License at
http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
limitations under the License.
*/
// Code generated by client-gen. DO NOT EDIT.
package fake
import (
"context"
v1beta1 "k8s.io/api/extensions/v1beta1"
v1 "k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/apis/meta/v1"
labels "k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/labels"
schema "k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/runtime/schema"
types "k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/types"
watch "k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/watch"
testing "k8s.io/client-go/testing"
)
// FakeNetworkPolicies implements NetworkPolicyInterface
type FakeNetworkPolicies struct {
Fake *FakeExtensionsV1beta1
ns string
}
var networkpoliciesResource = schema.GroupVersionResource{Group: "extensions", Version: "v1beta1", Resource: "networkpolicies"}
var networkpoliciesKind = schema.GroupVersionKind{Group: "extensions", Version: "v1beta1", Kind: "NetworkPolicy"}
// Get takes name of the networkPolicy, and returns the corresponding networkPolicy object, and an error if there is any.
func (c *FakeNetworkPolicies) Get(ctx context.Context, name string, options v1.GetOptions) (result *v1beta1.NetworkPolicy, err error) {
obj, err := c.Fake.
Invokes(testing.NewGetAction(networkpoliciesResource, c.ns, name), &v1beta1.NetworkPolicy{})
if obj == nil {
return nil, err
}
return obj.(*v1beta1.NetworkPolicy), err
}
// List takes label and field selectors, and returns the list of NetworkPolicies that match those selectors.
func (c *FakeNetworkPolicies) List(ctx context.Context, opts v1.ListOptions) (result *v1beta1.NetworkPolicyList, err error) {
obj, err := c.Fake.
Invokes(testing.NewListAction(networkpoliciesResource, networkpoliciesKind, c.ns, opts), &v1beta1.NetworkPolicyList{})
if obj == nil {
return nil, err
}
label, _, _ := testing.ExtractFromListOptions(opts)
if label == nil {
label = labels.Everything()
}
list := &v1beta1.NetworkPolicyList{ListMeta: obj.(*v1beta1.NetworkPolicyList).ListMeta}
for _, item := range obj.(*v1beta1.NetworkPolicyList).Items {
if label.Matches(labels.Set(item.Labels)) {
list.Items = append(list.Items, item)
}
}
return list, err
}
// Watch returns a watch.Interface that watches the requested networkPolicies.
func (c *FakeNetworkPolicies) Watch(ctx context.Context, opts v1.ListOptions) (watch.Interface, error) {
return c.Fake.
InvokesWatch(testing.NewWatchAction(networkpoliciesResource, c.ns, opts))
}
// Create takes the representation of a networkPolicy and creates it. Returns the server's representation of the networkPolicy, and an error, if there is any.
func (c *FakeNetworkPolicies) Create(ctx context.Context, networkPolicy *v1beta1.NetworkPolicy, opts v1.CreateOptions) (result *v1beta1.NetworkPolicy, err error) {
obj, err := c.Fake.
Invokes(testing.NewCreateAction(networkpoliciesResource, c.ns, networkPolicy), &v1beta1.NetworkPolicy{})
if obj == nil {
return nil, err
}
return obj.(*v1beta1.NetworkPolicy), err
}
// Update takes the representation of a networkPolicy and updates it. Returns the server's representation of the networkPolicy, and an error, if there is any.
func (c *FakeNetworkPolicies) Update(ctx context.Context, networkPolicy *v1beta1.NetworkPolicy, opts v1.UpdateOptions) (result *v1beta1.NetworkPolicy, err error) {
obj, err := c.Fake.
Invokes(testing.NewUpdateAction(networkpoliciesResource, c.ns, networkPolicy), &v1beta1.NetworkPolicy{})
if obj == nil {
return nil, err
}
return obj.(*v1beta1.NetworkPolicy), err
}
// Delete takes name of the networkPolicy and deletes it. Returns an error if one occurs.
func (c *FakeNetworkPolicies) Delete(ctx context.Context, name string, opts v1.DeleteOptions) error {
_, err := c.Fake.
Invokes(testing.NewDeleteAction(networkpoliciesResource, c.ns, name), &v1beta1.NetworkPolicy{})
return err
}
// DeleteCollection deletes a collection of objects.
func (c *FakeNetworkPolicies) DeleteCollection(ctx context.Context, opts v1.DeleteOptions, listOpts v1.ListOptions) error {
action := testing.NewDeleteCollectionAction(networkpoliciesResource, c.ns, listOpts)
_, err := c.Fake.Invokes(action, &v1beta1.NetworkPolicyList{})
return err
}
// Patch applies the patch and returns the patched networkPolicy.
func (c *FakeNetworkPolicies) Patch(ctx context.Context, name string, pt types.PatchType, data []byte, opts v1.PatchOptions, subresources ...string) (result *v1beta1.NetworkPolicy, err error) {
obj, err := c.Fake.
Invokes(testing.NewPatchSubresourceAction(networkpoliciesResource, c.ns, name, pt, data, subresources...), &v1beta1.NetworkPolicy{})
if obj == nil {
return nil, err
}
return obj.(*v1beta1.NetworkPolicy), err
}
| 2024-07-05T01:27:17.760571 | https://example.com/article/1832 |
165 Ill. App.3d 809 (1987)
520 N.E.2d 823
JOSEPHINE ZERVOS, Plaintiff-Appellant and Cross-Appellee,
v.
SOLO CUP COMPANY, Defendant-Appellee and Cross-Appellant.
No. 86-3307.
Illinois Appellate Court First District (1st Division).
Opinion filed December 31, 1987.
*810 Ronald S. Fishman, of Chicago, for appellant.
Fox & Grove, Chartered, of Chicago (Shayle P. Fox and William Henry Barrett, of counsel), for appellee.
Affirmed in part, and reversed in part and remanded.
JUSTICE BUCKLEY delivered the opinion of the court:
This action was brought by Josephine Zervos, the plaintiff, against Solo Cup Company, the defendant, seeking a declaration that she was entitled to benefits under defendant's group hospital and major medical plan (plan). This plan was administered by defendant under ERISA (29 U.S.C. § 1001 et seq. (1975)).
Plaintiff alleged that while working for defendant, and covered under the plan, she was diagnosed as suffering from a physical condition known as morbid obesity. Her physician recommended surgery to treat her condition. Subsequently, her doctor performed a gastric bypass operation. As a result of this surgical procedure, she sustained substantial hospital and doctor bills. She submitted these bills to the *811 plan's administrators, who refused to pay the claim because they determined that the procedure was elective surgery and therefore not covered.
After her claim was refused a second time, plaintiff instituted this action. The trial judge found for plaintiff and entered a judgment of $12,473.16. The court, however, refused plaintiff's request for attorney fees. On plaintiff's post-trial motion for fees, the court again refused plaintiff's request. Plaintiff appeals the denial of attorney fees, and defendant cross-appeals the judgment in favor of plaintiff.
This appeal presents the following two issues: (1) whether the trial court erred in refusing plaintiff's request for attorney fees; (2) whether the trial court erred when it reversed the decision of the plan's trustees and ordered defendant to pay plaintiff's medical bills. For the following reasons, the judgment of the trial court is reversed and remanded in part, and affirmed in part.
I
As a threshold matter, we address defendant's argument that since plaintiff did not plead ERISA, she cannot seek fees under its terms. In addition, defendant contends that under section 2-1203(a) of the Code of Civil Procedure (Ill. Rev. Stat. 1983, ch. 110, par. 2-1203(a)), a post-trial motion is an inappropriate vehicle to amend the complaint and request attorney fees.
1 Defendant's arguments depend on an overly technical reading of plaintiff's complaint. On the face of the complaint it is apparent that plaintiff is suing for benefits denied her under defendant's health plan. The plan, which is incorporated into the complaint as an exhibit, states very clearly in the first few pages that it is created pursuant to ERISA. Thus, plaintiff's claim arises under ERISA.
2 Plaintiff's post-trial motion did not seek to amend her complaint. Instead, the motion was directed against the trial court's judgment which denied her attorney fees. Under section 2-1203(a), a party may petition the court for a "modification of the judgment or to vacate the judgment or other relief." Clearly, plaintiff's motion seeks a modification of the judgment and accordingly, the motion was proper.
3 Even though plaintiff did not pray for attorney fees under ERISA, "the prayer for relief does not limit the relief obtainable." (Ill. Rev. Stat. 1983, ch. 110, par. 2-604.) The trial court could have allowed an amendment of the prayer for relief to include a claim for fees under ERISA. The prejudice to defendant in allowing this amendment would be minimal, since defendant was well aware that *812 ERISA governed the action having raised ERISA in its answer. Moreover, the amendment is not radically different than the original complaint because plaintiff was originally requesting fees, though under a different statute. Thus, the trial court could have granted plaintiff's post-trial motion and awarded fees under ERISA.
We now turn to the merits of plaintiff's appeal. She raises the issue of whether the trial court erred in denying her request for fees. The trial court ruled that plaintiff could not recover her fees because there was not a preponderance of evidence showing the plan trustees acted in bad faith. The trial court did not consider any other factors in arriving at this conclusion.
4 Section 1132(g) of ERISA provides for recovery of attorney fees as follows:
"In any action under this [title] * * * by a participant, beneficiary or fiduciary, the court in its discretion may allow reasonable attorney fees and costs of action to either party." (29 U.S.C. § 1132 (g) (Supp. IV 1980).)
In construing this provision the Federal appellate courts have established several guidelines for determining whether to award attorney fees to a prevailing party. These guidelines are as follows:
"(1) the degree of the opposing parties' culpability or bad faith; (2) the ability of the opposing parties to satisfy an award of fees; (3) whether an award of fees against the opposing parties would deter others from acting under similar circumstances; (4) whether the parties requesting fees sought to benefit all participants and beneficiaries of an ERISA plan or to resolve a significant legal question regarding ERISA; and (5) the relative merits of the parties' position." (Hummel v. S.E. Rykoff & Co. (9th Cir.1980), 634 F.2d 446, 453.)
(Accord Iron Workers Local No. 272 v. Bowen (5th Cir.1980), 624 F.2d 1255, 1266.) Not one of these guidelines is necessarily decisive. (Carpenters Southern California Administrative Corp. v. Russell (9th CIr. 1984), 726 F.2d 1410, 1416.) A showing of bad faith is not required to justify an award of attorney fees. (Smith v. CMTA-IAM Pension Trust (9th Cir.1984), 746 F.2d 587, 590; Baeten v. Van Ess (E.D. Wis. 1979), 474 F. Supp. 1324, 1332.) As a general rule, a prevailing party in an ERISA action should be awarded her fees unless special circumstances would render such an award unjust. Hollenbeck v. Falstaff Brewing Corp. (E.D. Mo. 1984), 605 F. Supp. 421, 437.
5 In the instant case, the trial court denied plaintiff's request for fees only because there was no showing of bad faith. It did not consider any of the other relevant guidelines in reaching its conclusion. *813 Following the trial court's rationale, very few, if any, plaintiffs would be entitled to recover their fees. To deny plaintiff's request for fees on such a narrow basis thwarts the remedial purpose of ERISA.
This case is analogous to Smith v. CMTA-IAM Pension Trust (9th Cir.1984), 746 F.2d 587, 590. In Smith, the plaintiff brought an ERISA action to recover benefits from his union which he claimed had been wrongfully withheld. He prevailed on his claim, but the trial court refused to award attorney fees because there was no evidence of bad faith. In reversing the trial court, Smith reasoned as follows:
"As there was no bad faith on either side, this factor should not have been considered decisive. The relative ability of the parties to satisfy an award of fees is, however, relevant, Generally, when an employee participant brings suit under ERISA, whether it is against the trustees or the employer, the resources available to the pensioner are limited. [Citation.] As the Supreme Court said in Hall v. Cole, 412 U.S. 1, 13, 93 S.Ct. 1943, 1950, 36 L.Ed.2d 702 (1973), a case involving attorney's fees under the Labor-Management Reporting and Disclosure Act, 29 U.S.C. § 401 et seq.: `Not to award counsel fees in cases such as this would be tantamount to repealing its basic purpose. It is difficult for individual members of labor unions to stand up and fight those who are in charge. The latter have the treasury of the union at their command and the paid union counsel at their beck and call while the member is on his own * * *. An individual union member could not carry such a heavy financial burden. Without counsel fees the grant of federal jurisdiction is but a gesture for few union members could avail themselves of it.' [Citation.] Based on this factor alone, absent special circumstances, a prevailing ERISA employee plaintiff should ordinarily receive attorney's fees from the defendant." 746 F.2d at 590.
We are persuaded by the reasoning in Smith that the relative ability of the parties to pay their attorney fees is a very important guideline which should be considered by the trial court. The trial court abused its discretion in not considering this guideline or any other relevant guideline besides bad faith. We reverse and remand this case for a hearing on the question of attorney fees.
II
6 At this juncture, we turn to defendant's cross-appeal in which defendant argues that the trial court incorrectly substituted its judgment for that of the plan trustees. The court must affirm the decision *814 of the plan trustees unless it finds that the trustees acted in an arbitrary and capricious manner in denying the claim for benefits. Wardle v. Central States, Southeast & Southwest Areas Pension Fund (7th Cir.1980), 627 F.2d 820, 824, cert. denied (1981), 449 U.S. 1112, 66 L.Ed.2d 841, 101 S.Ct. 922.
7 An ERISA plan trustee has a fiduciary obligation to process claims in good faith and in a fair and diligent manner. (Massachusetts Mutual Life Insurance Co. v. Russell (1985), 473 U.S. 134, 142-43, 87 L.Ed.2d 96, 104, 105 S.Ct. 3085, 3091.) Although a trustee may employ others to render advice concerning a claim (29 U.S.C. § 1102(c)(2) (1975)), he must thoroughly investigate a claim to discharge his fiduciary duties. See McLaughlin v. Connecticut General Life Insurance Co. (N.D. Cal. 1983), 565 F. Supp. 434, 454; see also 29 U.S.C. § 1104 (1975).
The record before us indicates that Leo Carter testified that he was one of three plan trustees. Carter also testified that he and the other trustees lacked any medical training. He further testified that he had never considered a claim for gastric bypass surgery prior to plaintiff's claim.
In deciding to refuse plaintiff's claim, Carter and the other trustees did not consult any doctor or medical treatise. Instead, he consulted two articles from the American Journal of Nursing which discussed gastric bypass surgery. Neither one of these articles, however, stated whether the operation was considered elective or cosmetic. In addition, Carter received advice from Dick Wickert, a professional claims administrator. Wickert recommended denying plaintiff's claim because it was for elective or cosmetic surgery. Without inquiring as to the basis for Wickert's recommendation, the trustees accepted it and denied plaintiff's claim. They reached this conclusion despite the evaluation of plaintiff's surgeon which indicated that if surgery was not performed, other serious complications were not only likely, but probable.
8 Carter's testimony demonstrates that the plan trustees failed to make a diligent investigation of plaintiff's claim. They arrived at their decision and ignored the surgeon's evaluation without any competent medical evidence. We agree with the trial court's finding that the trustees "abandoned their fiduciary duty of asserting their independent judgment in determining the eligibility of the claims, delegating that ultimate responsibility instead to those whom they employed merely for advice." The trustees failed to meet their obligations under ERISA and reached a decision without a rational basis. We therefore conclude that the trustee's decision was arbitrary and capricious.
*815 For the foregoing reasons the judgment of the circuit court of Cook County is reversed and remanded in part, and affirmed in part.
Reversed and remanded in part; affirmed in part.
CAMPBELL and MANNING, JJ., concur.
| 2024-06-10T01:27:17.760571 | https://example.com/article/6706 |
TATCHA Pearlescense Facial
A time-tested geisha beauty ritual and ingredients that harness the healing and therapeutic qualities of the sea, our new TATCHA facial restores and revitalizes your skin with crushed pearls and extracts of green tea, Okinawa red algae and rice bran. Rich in vitamins, minerals, and proteins, pearls soften and smooth the skin, restoring its natural luminosity.
This intensive treatment is enhanced with centuries-old Japanese acupressure techniques using the TATCHA gold leaf massager to improve circulation and promote lymphatic drainage for a natural facelift effect — awakening skin, tightening pores and reducing redness. Ideal for all skin types.
Hot Herbal Poultice
Traditional herbs such as turmeric, camphor, and lemongrass wrapped in a warm muslin poultice are used to alleviate pain and inflammation from the body. The medicinal heat warms the muscles, releases tension, and induces deep, full body relaxation.
Neuromuscular Massage
This localized massage is an intense form of bodywork that consists of focused, concentrated massage. It is an ideal treatment for promoting relief of repetitive motion injuries, trigger points, and headaches.
Thai Massage
A perfect blend of stretching, acupressure, and rhythmic compression is used to bring balance, vitality, and rejuvenation to the body. Loose fitting comfortable clothing required. Limited availability.
Reflexology
This ancient technique is based on the concept that your feet are the map to your entire body. By massaging acupressure points to stimulate physical healing via constantly flowing energy channels, balance and the natural flow of the body’s energy is restored.
Pregnancy Massage
This therapeutic massage soothes the mother-to-be by focusing on the many stressors that the body encounters during pregnancy. Designed to offer relief, comfort, and relaxation through cushioning and movement.
Hot Stone Massage
The healing power of touch combines with the energy of the earth in this relaxing, muscle-melting massage. Smooth warm stones glide across your body in long, flowing strokes while the heat helps to relax and soothe the muscles.
Cranio-Sacral
The traditional bodywork of Thailand is one of the world's oldest healing practices. It originated in India during the Buddha's lifetime more than 2,500 years ago - blending stretching, acupressure and rhythmic compression to bring balance, vitality and rejuvenation to the body. Loose-fitting comfortable clothing required.
Facials
Half Moon Bay Pumpkin Facial
This signature treatment utilizes a nourishing pumpkin enzyme masque from a 100% natural plantbased line high in beta carotene and vitamins A and C. Enjoy the ultimate skin care experience that leaves skin smooth, plump and hydrated.
Deep Cleansing Organic Renewal
This purifying facial will clear skin of cellular buildup that causes clogged pores. We select the perfect combination of serum and masque from an organic skin care line that will render the skin perfectly clean and hydrated.
Calming Hydration Facial
A facial created to calm and sooth sensitivity caused by the environment and stress. A wonderful flow of natural plant-based products gently exfoliate the skin, preparing it for a treatment of replenishing ingredients to restore balance. This facial does not include steam or extractions.
Luminous Anti-Aging Facial
This highly effective treatment minimizes the most visible signs of aging. The facial begins with a unique resurfacing massage followed by a luxurious masque that leaves your skin toned and your complexion radiant. This facial does not include steam or extractions.
Luminous Body Facial
A luxurious, full body dry-brush exfoliation is followed by an application of a warm, vitamin-rich body masque. While cocooned enjoy a soothing, deep cleansing facial followed by a relaxing scalp massage leaving you in a state of pure bliss. A hydrating body oil is the perfect finish leaving your skin silky smooth.
Transformational Facial
By combining pharmaceutical, botanical, and organic ingredients with the highest active concentrations of glycolic acid and the lowest pH, this transformative treatment makes immediate visible changes in the health and beauty of the skin.
Resurfacing Treatment
This glycolic peel will exfoliate dead, damaged skin to minimize lines, reduce breakouts, and brighten skin. The peel will stimulate collagen to produce new, healthy skin for a smooth, youthful, and clear appearance. Available as a facial add-on or an individual 25-minute peel.
Facial Enhancements
Enhancements are available with any 60 or 90-minute facial and will be incorporated into the original time of the service.
Indulgent Foot Massage - While your esthetician performs your facial, enjoy a 25-minute foot massage from a therapist working simultaneously on your feet to bring you all the pampering you deserve. $75
Luxurious Lip - Gentle stimulation is used around the lips to increase the penetration of active ingredients designed to fight the effects of age and free radicals, leaving a smoother lip area. $25
Gorgeous Eye - More than just an eye pad, this treatment includes exfoliation and massage designed to increase the circulation around the eyes which helps decrease puffiness and reduce darkening. $25
Gentlemen’s Manicure or Pedicure
This gentleman’s version of our signature treatment includes nail maintenance, callus softening, and an organic exfoliating scrub to smooth skin. Enjoy a soothing massage with an aromatic almond crème and an optional buff and shine.
Extended Wear Manicure or Pedicure
The best way to keep your nails perfectly polished for up to two weeks, this advanced polish is designed to dry before you leave the salon and last well beyond your standard manicure. This service includes standard nail care.
Ritz Kids Manicure and Pedicure
Feel like royalty with a fizzing strawberry or chocolate MEBath! soak, followed by a sugary chocolate scrub, and finished with a yummy chocolate lotion massage. Nail cleaning and filing included. Ages 12 and under. A parent or guardian must be present at all times.
Pain Relief Pedicure
After a long day on your feet, treat yourself to this muscle soothing pedicure. Envelop your legs and feet in a detoxifying mud mask, slip into warm paraffin and melt tension away with a stimulating herbal balm massage. This service includes standard nail care.
Tea Tree Pedicure
A blend of uplifting aromatherapy and effective nail repair, this treatment is suited for athletes and those with brittle or yellowing nails. Tea Tree oil provides natural antiseptic, anti-bacterial and anti-fungal properties for the skin and nails. This service will refresh your toes and your senses alike and includes standard nail care.
Ritz Teen Manicure or Pedicure
Your nails will look so good; all your classmates will be envious. Enjoy an invigorating vanilla sugar scrub followed by a soothing vanilla lotion massage that will leave your skin smooth to the touch. Regular nail maintenance included. Ages 13 to 17. A parent or guardian must be present at all times.
This intensive treatment is enhanced with centuries-old Japanese acupressure techniques using the TATCHA gold leaf massager to improve circulation and promote lymphatic drainage for a natural facelift effect — awakening skin, tightening pores and reducing redness. Ideal for all skin types.
60 minutes: $185; weekday / $200; weekendBay Area Resident SpecialSpa Guests with a valid California driver’s license, living in the Bay Area, can enjoy a 15% discount Monday through Thursday on any a la carte services in the Spa or Salon. To redeem, please inform your reservations agent at the time of booking. | 2024-04-27T01:27:17.760571 | https://example.com/article/2008 |
Photo by Caroline McNally
Local Property Tax, Again
By Lois Kapila
Councillors made the same points at their special meeting on Tuesday evening to set the local property tax for the coming year that they made at similar meetings for the last three years.
They also voted through the same course of action: to cut the local property tax by 15 percent for the next 12 months.
Dublin City Council Chief Executive Owen Keegan had recommended that they trim it by just 10 percent – which would have meant an extra €4 million for the council to spend. “I’m suggesting a modest reduction,” he said.
For homeowners, that would have meant paying between 9 cents and 48 cents a week more than they would with a full 15 percent cut.
Keegan drew up a list of items the council could spend that money on, including, among other measures, extra street cleaning and road-maintenance staff, recruitment of apprentices, more graffiti removal, and the abolition of library fines.
But most councillors, from Fine Gael all the way across to People Before Profit, rejected Keegan’s proposal.
Sinn Féin’s Noeleen Reilly said that her party, which is the biggest on the council, had been elected on a pledge to minimise the local property tax. So it couldn’t go back on that.
Fianna Fáil’s Tom Brabazon said it is an “anti-Dublin tax” because of the high value of properties in the city. Some of the money raised in Dublin is also redistributed to other parts of the country.
Green Party councillors, meanwhile, put forward a motion to decrease the property tax by only 7.5 percent, and use the extra money to also provide a “one-stop shop to address dereliction and underuse of lands and buildings in the city”.
Labour councillors put forward a plan that went further, with just a 5 percent reduction. Included in their motion as a use for the extra money was €2.5 million for the council to directly build social housing through the O Cualainn co-housing model.
The full 15 percent reduction won out, though. “I think this is one of the most bizarre debates I’ve witnessed in the council chamber,” said Labour Councillor Jane Horgan-Jones.
Homes in Kildonan?
By Laoise Neylon
Councillors in the north-west of the city agreed plans for 200 homes for a large J-shaped parcel of land off Kildonan Road in Finglas West.
Under the plans, the homes would be a mixture of one- and two-storey houses, duplex units and apartments. There would also be two parks, an outdoor gym, a playground, a sports area and a community centre.
If this plan moves forward, the Abigail Centre, a homeless hostel on the site, will have to go. Councillors could have chosen an option that would have left the hostel in place, but that would have meant space for 100 fewer homes.
“It’s an ideal place for housing, as it is near good transport links,” said Sinn Féin Councillor Anthony Connaghan, who lives near the site, after the meeting.
Connaghan hopes the development will mirror the mix of other large council sites: with 50 percent private homes, 30 percent social housing and 20 percent affordable housing.
The draft plan that the councillors in the north-west area have approved, which is called a site framework study, will now have to go before the full council for approval. | 2024-03-25T01:27:17.760571 | https://example.com/article/6224 |
Then there's the trampoline that a southwest Missouri woman says flew out of a neighbor's back yard and crash-landed on her car.Kara Rogers, of Bolivar, says the bill to fix her trunk is about $650, and she and the neighbor are at odds over paying it.
Rogers told KYTV trampoline owners should spend a little money for kits that anchor the big fabric disks to the ground. And Springfield insurance agent Bob Berke says that some companies impose surcharges or won't even write homeowner policies for people with trampolines.
Berke recommended that Rogers file a claim with her insurance company. He says it shouldn't affect her rates. | 2024-01-16T01:27:17.760571 | https://example.com/article/5366 |
The overall objective of this project is the study of multivariate statistical methods for the analysis of data which take the form of ratios or proportions. Multivariate statistical methods (size-shape methods) for analyzing ratios which follow a lognormal distribution have been developed. Exact statistical tests were developed and applied in two biological studies concerning the distribution of schistosome eggs in man at autopsy and morphological measurements of birds. Publications on these studies appeared during this year. Work on the theoretical meaning of size-shape concepts for statistical distributions continued, with an extensive study of the transformations connecting the commonly occurring size and shape variables (Ratnaparkhi, Mosimann, and Ratcliffe). The relationships among the various definitions of size and shape variables in the literature were studied (Mosimann and Malley) and a summary of the relationships prepared. | 2024-06-18T01:27:17.760571 | https://example.com/article/1938 |
Musa Hajdari
Musa Hajdari (born October 11, 1987) is a Kosovar middle-distance track athlete who specializes in the 800 meters. He represented Kosovo at the 2015 World Championships in Athletics. He holds multiple Kosovan records.
Running career
On June 1, 2013, Hajdari made his first major international debut at the Yilmaz Sazak Memorial track meet in Istanbul, where he won the men's mile in 4:17.73. On May 1, 2015, Hajdari placed second overall behind Dušan Babić in the men's 1500 meters at the International Meeting in Bar, Montenegro.
Competition record
References
Category:1987 births
Category:Living people
Category:Kosovan male middle-distance runners
Category:World Athletics Championships athletes for Kosovo
Category:Athletes (track and field) at the 2016 Summer Olympics
Category:Olympic athletes of Kosovo
Category:Competitors at the 2018 Mediterranean Games | 2024-04-18T01:27:17.760571 | https://example.com/article/1286 |
Enterocolitis associated with Hirschsprung's disease: a clinical histopathological correlative study.
Enterocolitis associated with Hirschsprung's disease (HEC) remains a major source of morbidity and even mortality, both before and after definitive surgical treatment. This study was undertaken to investigate whether histopathologic mucosal changes, in the absence of clinical manifestations of HEC, could predict the subsequent development of this complication. The clinical data and histopathology of 25 patients who eventually developed clinical HEC were compared with a control group of 25 age- and sex-matched patients with Hirschsprung's disease (HD) but with no clinical HEC either preoperatively or postoperatively. The histopathologic findings of tissue obtained by rectal biopsy or during laparotomy were graded from 0 to V according to severity and compared with the eventual clinical course. This study showed that (1) histopathologic findings of HEC appear to predict the clinical development, but not the severity, of future episodes of clinical HEC; (2) a histological grade of > or = II (> or = 2 crypt abscesses per high power field) should raise suspicion for subsequent occurrence of HEC, whereas a grade of > or = III (multiple crypt abscesses) places a child at high risk for development of clinical HEC; and (3) contrary to what is generally thought, histopathologic changes of HEC occur in both ganglionic and aganglionic segments. Based on these findings, it is recommended that histopathologic documentation of HEC and its grade should be an integral part of the tissue diagnosis of HD. | 2023-12-20T01:27:17.760571 | https://example.com/article/3765 |
1 of 5 View Caption
Trent Nelson | The Salt Lake Tribune FLDS member Shannon Darger, second from left, looks on as UEP Trust agent Ted Barlow and lo Trent Nelson | The Salt Lake Tribune An FLDS woman runs away and another scurries her children off the roof as Mohave County Con Trent Nelson | The Salt Lake Tribune FLDS members Shannon Darger and Liz (last name unknown) walk away from their Colorado City, Trent Nelson | The Salt Lake Tribune A group of FLDS children, themselves facing eviction, watch and take photos of a woman bein Trent Nelson | The Salt Lake Tribune An FLDS woman confronts UEP agent Ted Barlow and Mohave County Constable Mike Hoggard as th | 2024-07-25T01:27:17.760571 | https://example.com/article/3059 |
Representation, referentiality, and processing in agrammatic comprehension: two case studies.
A number of investigators have argued that agrammatic comprehension, the pattern of sentence comprehension often associated with Broca's aphasia, can be characterized in terms of a representational disruption in one or another module of the normal grammar. In this study, these proposals are reviewed and their adequacy is examined in light of two case studies of agrammatic comprehension. In particular, we present data from sentences that have composed the core of the agrammatic comprehension pattern, as well as data from three different classes of sentences including comprehension of the matrix clause of center-embedded relative constructions, pronoun and anaphor dependencies, and Wh-questions. Our conclusion is that none of the existing representational models provides a fully adequate account of the data, and we propose some alternative approaches that distinguish between referential and nonreferential elements and potential processing differences between the two. | 2024-03-20T01:27:17.760571 | https://example.com/article/9549 |
From a performance point of view, having separate physical disks would be best. That way, each machine can access its disk without interfering with the other machines, thus avoiding a bottleneck. Using a single physical disk for all machines would likely be cheaper, though.
From a reliability point of view, you would also benefit from using several physical disks. That way, if one disk dies, you don't lose all the virtual machines. Of course, for optimum reliability, you'd probably want a RAID setup: something like RAID 5 or RAID 6.
I agree with capi that for maximum performance of the discs then having one per VM is a good solution but for security of the drives / redundancy then a raid5 or 6 array of them all is the way forward.
When it comes to an ESX server kind of environment then it's recommended a raid10 for max performance for things like sql servers where there's a lot of read/writes to the discs. All other servers are recommend to be on a raid5 array.
I agree with capi that for maximum performance of the discs then having one per VM is a good solution but for security of the drives / redundancy then a raid5 or 6 array of them all is the way forward.
When it comes to an ESX server kind of environment then it's recommended a raid10 for max performance for things like sql servers where there's a lot of read/writes to the discs. All other servers are recommend to be on a raid5 array.
Sorry to jump in - I'm hoping to set up ESXi so I can implement a virtual domain for my educational and testing purposes. Ideally, I'd like to be able to install 2 x W2K3 and 2 x XP Pro clients. I'm also thinking of installing a flavour of Linux, such as BT4.
I'm not familiar with Dell 2900 but I do know that I'll have to check carefully that any hardware that I use will be compatible with ESXi.
I've done some googling and see that Dell 2900 comes with Dual or Quad core Xeon (up to 3.5GHz) and up to 48GB RAM. What would be suitable specs for my requirements? I stress that it's for a test lab, rather than a production network so I'd like to keep the cost as low as possible. I'm aware of the comments earlier in the thread about having multiple smaller hard drives rather than one jumbo hard drive.
Yes Dell 2900 is supported . Basically the CPU model you have to see from compatibility point of view. As far as number of cores are concerened then 4 core will give better performance that 2 core. Use the following link so know more about compatibility of CPU/system/IO/SAN.Other Models are also compatable from Dell/HP/IBM
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Sign up to the WindowsNetworking.com Monthly Newsletter, written by Enterprise Security MVP Deb Shinder, containing news, the hottest tips, Networking links of the month and much more. Subscribe today and don't miss a thing!View a sample newsletter. | 2024-05-01T01:27:17.760571 | https://example.com/article/9766 |
Update: ABI February
Continuing our reporting on the Architecture Billings Index, the ABI score slighly increased from 50.0 in January to 50.6 this past month. Although only a small jump, regional average for the Midwest and South remained over 50 (55.3 and 50.1 respectively), and the West and Northeast reported scores of 49.1 and 46.4. ”Overall demand for design services seems to be treading water over the last two months,” said AIA Chief Economist, Kermit Baker, PhD, Hon. AIA. “We’ve been preaching patience and cautious optimism for a full recovery because there continues to be a wide range of business conditions for architecture firms that are also influenced by firm size, practice specialties and regional location. We still expect the road to recovery to move at a slow, but steady pace.” | 2024-06-15T01:27:17.760571 | https://example.com/article/8587 |
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Delivered Feb. 2012
Overview
In the early days of railroading, the job of cleaning up a wreck was usually done by men and horses. The first steam wrecking crane, a relatively small affair with a 20-ton lifting capacity, appeared in 1883. Its maker, Industrial Works of Bay City Michigan, introduced a fully revolving model a decade later. As the product became popular, Industrial Works, now renamed Industrial Brownhoist, and its chief competitor, Bucyrus-Erie of South Milwaukee, introduced larger and larger models to cope with increasing locomotive and car weights. By the World War I era, 120 tons was a common size, and by the Second World War, crane sizes topped out at around 250 tons of lifting capacity.
While a wreck train on the way to a wreck had priority over other traffic, cranes were subject to rather low speed restrictions, typically around 35 mph with the boom trailing and 25 mph if the boom was facing forward. The larger hook closer to the cab was actually the main lifting hook, used for locomotives. The hook at the end of the boom was a lower-capacity auxiliary hook, used when more reach was needed. Slings, chains, and spreader bars were used to attach the hook to the car or locomotive being lifted; the hooks were never attached directly. While some cranes were capable of limited self-propulsion, that was only for positioning at a site, not for travel to and from wrecks or jobs.
Because of their importance and the urgent nature of their work, cranes were usually well maintained and lasted for many decades. Our model represents a typical 250-ton diesel-powered Industrial Brownhoist crane constructed in the post-WW II era; while some of these were built new as diesels, others were upgraded from steam-powered models.
Today wrecking cranes are relatively rare and seldom seen, as mo st wreck cleanup is done by outside contractors with trucked-in bulldozers and other heavy equipment. Most large railroads, however, still maintain a 250-ton crane or two like our model, just in case.
MTH Premier O Scale freight cars are the perfect complement to any manufacturer's scale proportioned O Gauge locomotives. Whether you prefer to purchase cars separately or assemble a unit train, MTH Premier Rolling Stock has the cars for you in a variety of car types and paint schemes.
Virtually every sturdy car is offered in two car numbers which makes it even easier than ever to combine them into a mult-car consist. Many of MTH's Premier Rolling Stock offerings can also operate on the tightest O Gauge curves giving them even more added versatitlity to your layout.
Features
Intricately Detailed Durable ABS Body
Metal Wheels and Axles
Colorful, Attractive Paint Schemes
Operating Die-Cast Metal Couplers
Moveable Hook & Boom
Fast-Angle Wheel Sets
Needle-Point Axles
1:48 Scale Dimensions
Separate Metal Handrails
Die-Cast 6-Wheel Trucks
Unit Measures:18 1/2" x 2 5/8" x 4 1/8"
Operates On O-31 Curves
Find It Locally
Dealers
The following dealers meet your selection criteria. Click the Show button next to a dealer to get more detailed contact information for the dealer (and to see what items are in stock, if you requested any). | 2023-08-08T01:27:17.760571 | https://example.com/article/7097 |
Why you should culitivate awareness of your infinite self
Connect with your infinite self
In chapter 4 of Change your thoughts, change your life, Wayne Dyer suggests that Verse 4 of the Tao Te Ching is telling us the best way to tap into the source of limitless creative energy is to recognize and connect to your own infinite self.
When you let go of who you think you are in this physical world and cultivate an awareness of your infinite self, you elevate yourself to living an inspired life where all the resources you need will be made known and available to you.
Your infinite self is part of the omnipresent Tao
Becoming aware of your infinite self removes doubt and fear because you realize that everything you need is already available to you.
Remember that you, like the infinite tao from which you originated, are part of an eternal reality. ~ Wayne Dyer
Think about your infinite self or the spiritual aspect of the creative energy that is you. Observe your life from that vantage point. See that nothing can harm you or those you care about. What happens to all the worries, frustrations, and struggles you think are making your life difficult right now?
IF you live from an infinite perspective, you’ll relinquish the idea that your only IDENTITY is the physical body in which you progress from birth to death. In your totality, you’re an infinite being disguised as a person existing in the world of ‘sharp edges’. ~ Wayne Dyer
What do you think verse 4 is trying to tell you about your infinite self?
Need a copy of the book? Get one for as little as $6.95 plus s&h by visiting this link *http://goo.gl/L7ZnO2
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WHO IS SAMANTHA STUDEBAKER-CARL?
Samantha is a Blogger, Personal Development Coach, founder of the Mindset Mastery Collective community and co-host of the Saturday Morning Mastermind. She's passionate about helping you overcome your limiting beliefs and live the life you've always dreamed of.
Well, since I’m having issues connecting, I’ll watch and type a bit here, based on what I got out of the verse, and what the panel said. I liked what Katherine said, how we step out of ourself, like Katherine as her self as she knows herself in this body, and step back and see things from the infinite self. Like Wayne said, worry is transitory… is what we worry about gonna be important in an hour, a week, a year, a million years??? Helps to get perspective.
I like the “Do the Tao Now” section. I realized I’ve started practicing this with my mom, who was here to visit this week. Rather than respond in the way I have in the past, very reactive, I now step back and listen more, and hold the reactions in and transform them in me, look at within why am I reacting, rather than spurting it out .And then when I do respond, it’s from a more love space.
And congrats to future grandmother Samantha! <3
Karen Lohof
Thanks, Samantha! The image of strangling my computer or something was helpful with comic relief.
All I did was copy Colin’s slides to a new Google drive I created for myself so I could
review that often, and also write from them (each paragraph) as there was so much meat. There was so much I could relate to and I enjoyed the way he relayed it so much.
I would be happy to repost my comment but I don’t believe I wrote it somewhere else
first. I wish I had because I really felt good about it.
Mornin’, mornin’. I posted (or I’m in a parallel Universe somewhere) a couple of nights ago and then I read Colin’s piece and spent considerable time making a personal slide show of it as I thought it absolute genius. I’m sorry my post did not show up.
I believe that when we focus so much of our energy on every single negative aspect of our lives we don’t allow ourselves to be at a standstill to see, feel and be in the present moment of what is good in our lives. We have take the time to listen to the words we say, the thoughts we think. Having faith in yourself, in your abilities, finding your purpose and aligning to your beliefs (spirit) will lift you beyond what man can do for you! From my personal experience I believe it’s very important that when you’re learning something new it has to be aligned with your belief. For me, it’s the Gospel. If it isn’t then it has to be tossed to the side because it will bring anxiety, worry, fear and stress. As it states in this verse “Stay with that which is the father of all things, the creative Source of all. It will work with and for you, as you have it in your thoughts, then in your feeings, and finally in your actions.”
Know who you are! as our external factors and environment cannot define it. Only you can!
I agree with you Julia, after having read this chapter first once the other night and then again tonight before. I learn that in my worry and trying to keep things in control, that I learn that I can’t control it all and then by wanting it all to be just the way I want it, I’m not making room for those times when I should be silent and at a standstill that I will hear (God, Infinite intelligence or The Tao telling me that I need not worry cause and listen to the spirit of my (God, infinite intelligence or Universe) that it will all be ok.
Donna Allen
Being infinite with what brings to balance of what we cannot see yet feel and know it’s there. Seems to me he is referring to the spirit of us all.
In the time we are from birth in the space of the present moment we are, more of a spirit soul than human doing things. In the undesrstanding that this is the preparing of a type of dust to settle.
We should look forward each day to find solitude and rest in our spirit. In this bottomless feeling. We are not listening to it. It is hidden but always reminds us that it’s wanting us to be still and rest a spell if you will. “Slow Down ” connect with the inner spirit you cannot see. Listen to the wind of the soul. It’s our compass and direction!
I think you’re right Donna! Slowing down and listening is a huge part of it!
How can we ever expect the ‘dust to settle’ in our chaotic lives if we never make the effort slow ourselves down? No wonder there is so much turmoil in the world.
Recently I’ve been reading “Women who run with the wolves” by Clarissa Pinkola Estes and I found a passage that kind of sums up what we’re talking about related to the infinite self.
I’m going to quote this direct from the book but remember this message is true for men and women alike.
“When we loose touch with the instinctive psyche, we live in a semi-destroyed state and images and powers that are natural to the feminine are not allowed full development. When a woman is cut away from her basic source, she is sanitized, and her instincts and natural life cycles are lost, subsumed by the culture, or by the intellect or the ego- one’s own or those belonging to others”
The infinite self, basic source, and instinctive psyche are all the same thing. What ever you call it, when we are out of touch with this eternal creative energy, we are limiting ourselves in more ways than one.
In one of my meditations this week I was given a message. It said ‘The work is done in the space between’
I was asking “How may i serve?” with the thought of ‘What actions should I take in the physical world?” and I was reminded that this physical world is just a manifestation or reflection of our inner world. – IT COMES AFTER, not before. It is the result not the cause.
This is mind bending! It’s telling us the work can’t be done in the physical realm, it MUST be done in the infinite space of the TAO. The Space between…
Wayne writes about remembering that we are ‘Infinite beings disguised as a person living in the world of sharp edges”
He suggests that we rearrange our thoughts about who we are and remember we are infinite spiritual beings capable of tapping into the limitless creative source of energy that surrounds us and permeates the whole universe.
When we think that this physical world is the only place that ‘work’ can be done, we limit ourselves to this tiny little speck of our existence.
If we instead remember that we are infinite beings connected to the limitless creative energy of the Tao, endless possibilities open up to us…
One of my favorite teachers that shares this same lesson in simple to understand terms is Neville Goddard. He talks about doing the work via ‘Feel it real’ sessions in our wonderful creative imagination. By ‘Feeling it real’ as he says, we connect with our own infinite creative self and literally manifest the right circumstances and the resources we need in order for the things we desire to happen naturally in our lives.
In this article he talks about the things you will do (in the physical world) will happen naturally instead of you planning ahead to do them.
“All that befalls you, all that is done by you – happens.” “Many people get the first part, “all that befalls you” – that is what is beyond your body and your mind. But most people totally miss the second part, “all that is done by you – happens”.
When you are connected to your infinite creative self “You no longer make decisions as the old you would, so you can’t help but start doing what the new you would do.”
In Eckhart Tolle’s book The Power of Now, he says when you are connected and simply allowing, you will just suddenly ‘find yourself doing’ – it will happen naturally, effortlessly.
Donna Allen
Samantha, “Women who run with the wolves” I like the title of that without reading the book! Which of the Wolf Spirit will we allow to make things happen?
The one with all the noise? Or the one with silence and let it be, natural? Good stuff (Smile)
I Love that slide share poem Samantha! This verse speaks of the infinite Mystery! It is and has always been and although it cannot be contained it flows through us in each breath. It is God, the force that animates us and it comforts us through every hardship and experience that we face. It is that infinite Father/Mother always looking out for us and there to give a hand when we fall. When we can learn to respond to life with our infinite self instead of our infant self we find a lot more Peace!
Mindset Mastery Collective was founded in January 2013. Our goal is to help shift humanity from a negative powerless mindset to a positive empowering one, awaken people to their full potential mentally, spiritually, relationally, & emotionally and provide a community for you to connect with people who are like minded to exchange ideas, discover insights, learn, and grow together. | 2023-10-03T01:27:17.760571 | https://example.com/article/3802 |
_examples() {
args=("${COMP_WORDS[@]:1:$COMP_CWORD}")
local IFS=$'\n'
COMPREPLY=($(GO_FLAGS_COMPLETION=1 ${COMP_WORDS[0]} "${args[@]}"))
return 1
}
complete -F _examples examples
| 2023-09-02T01:27:17.760571 | https://example.com/article/4096 |
Pinned topicExtracting class diagrams from classes using RPE
2012-09-18T11:27:33Z
|Tags:
Answered question
This question has been answered.
Unanswered question
This question has not been answered yet.
In Rhapsody you can have a class diagram inside a class.Is it possible to extract the class diagrams from the classes from RPE ?
The data source does not seem to include class diagrams inside classes ?
Re: Extracting class diagrams from classes using RPE
2012-09-18T12:16:35Z
This is the accepted answer.
This is the accepted answer.
In addition to the last query,under what circumstances would you use a custom schema.I tried using the schema generated for my model assuming that it would have the structure of my model ( i.e include class diagrams under class) but apparently it doesn't work either. | 2024-06-02T01:27:17.760571 | https://example.com/article/8016 |
what's fun is having a girlfriend from detroit so you can rub the sweep in her face. i got an email from the blues advertising the 3 game attack packs...they have one offered that was a game against the wings, then the blackhawks, and then the wings again. I'm still a huge baseball fan, but in the past year or so I've enjoyed going to see the blues more than an MLB of NFL game.
no, I don't make nearly enough cash to have season tickets. My girlfriend is in the Air Force and one of the colonels that worked across the hallway from her knew an equipment manager. This colonel managed to score free tickets all of the time and would hand out any extras...she managed to have a pretty good supply of free tickets since they tended to spring up with short notice and a lot of the guys had familys and couldn't go last minute. She's working in another building now though, so I doubt I'll get to see as many freebies this year. I'll probably pay to see a few games though, we'll see.
What the heck is up with this team?... While I do realize that it is only slightly over 10 games into the 82 game season, but still, what's up with them?With the exception of one or two games (ant the two games in Sweden), they have looked "lost" and lack the drive of late last season.
Anyway, hope they figure it out soon, this is frustrating.
I am heading to hotlanta for their game down there on Sunday afternoon.
I also have two extras for Nov. 10th if anyone is interested. Two in the cheap seats (300's row P?) and my two regular seats in 318ish 2nd row. The cheapos are cheap and my seats are medium. PM for details.
gottagothrow wrote:What the heck is up with this team?... While I do realize that it is only slightly over 10 games into the 82 game season, but still, what's up with them?With the exception of one or two games (ant the two games in Sweden), they have looked "lost" and lack the drive of late last season.
Anyway, hope they figure it out soon, this is frustrating.
I am heading to hotlanta for their game down there on Sunday afternoon.
I also have two extras for Nov. 10th if anyone is interested. Two in the cheap seats (300's row P?) and my two regular seats in 318ish 2nd row. The cheapos are cheap and my seats are medium. PM for details. | 2024-06-06T01:27:17.760571 | https://example.com/article/7790 |
Lars Teutenberg
Lars Teutenberg (born 2 September 1970 in Mettmann) is a former German professional bicycle rider. He is the older brother of Sven and Ina-Yoko Teutenberg, who are also professional bicycle riders. After retiring from the professional peloton, Teutenberg continued to compete in individual time trials. He has since worked as a technical director for and . He was also involved in supervising Matthias Brändle's attempt on the hour record in October 2014.
In October 2016 announced that he had been appointed as the team's performance director.
Major results
1992
1st Tour de Wallonie
1996
IHPVA recumbent hour record:
1998
1st Overall Thüringen Rundfahrt der U23
1999
IHPVA recumbent hour record:
2001
9th Overall Tour of Japan
1st Stage 4
10th Nationale Sluitingsprijs
2002
IHPVA recumbent hour record:
2003
1st Cinturó de l'Empordà
1st Rund um Düren
2007
2nd National Time Trial Championships
2012
3rd National Time Trial Championships
2014
3rd National Time Trial Championships
2015
8th White Spot / Delta Road Race
References
Category:1970 births
Category:Living people
Category:German male cyclists
Category:People from Mettmann | 2023-11-03T01:27:17.760571 | https://example.com/article/9428 |
GPA is one of the most important markers of success in school – but in the real world, that number has less of an effect on life achievement or wealth.
Eric Barker, author of “Barking Up The Wrong Tree,” says that becoming a millionaire or billionaire doesn’t require an outstanding GPA or being class valedictorian.
In fact, he says the average college GPA of American millionaires is 2.9.
In the video above, Barker explains what impacts success more than GPA.
The following is a transcript of the video.
What we see is that the average GPA, college GPA of American millionaires is actually 2.9.
So Karen Arnold did research at Boston College looking at the success levels of valedictorians. And, In general, high school valedictorians do well but they don’t actually reach the highest level of success metrics. They don’t become the billionaires. The people who run the world in general.
And that’s because what the research found was that school teaches you to comply with rules. So valedictorians often go on to be the people who support the system, they become a part of the system, they don’t change the system or overthrow the system.
And so what we see is that the average GPA, college GPA of American millionaires is actually 2.9. And while valedictorians generally score high in the personality trait of conscientiousness. What you see among the millionaires with their 2.9 GPAs is they’re known for grit.
Maybe they don’t comply with rules that well but they stick with goals over the long term. And that how they do really well. And sometimes they don’t play by the rules, sometimes they do things differently. Because in school rules are very clear in life rules are not so clear.
Lees ook op Business Insider Medisch directeur Mariëlle Bartholomeus van ‘coronaziekenhuis’ Bernhoven verkozen tot topvrouw van het jaar
So a certain amount of not playing by the rules is advantageous once you get out of a closed system like education. | 2024-07-26T01:27:17.760571 | https://example.com/article/7213 |
The 2014 NFL Draft begins on Thursday with the first round starting at 5:00 p.m. Rounds 2-3 will take place on Friday and the final four rounds will be held on Saturday. Several former Oregon football players will be waiting to hear their name called throughout the weekend.
In the video above, former Ducks wide receiver Josh Huff discusses how he has been preparing for the draft and talks about a possible reunion with Chip Kelly. Huff also says he is hearing he could be drafted anywhere between the second and fourth round. | 2023-10-09T01:27:17.760571 | https://example.com/article/7657 |
Friday, February 6, 2015
So on Thursday, the President spoke at a National Prayer breakfast. In the speech he said these words:
Humanity has been grappling with these questions throughout human
history. And lest we get on our high
horse and think this is unique to some other place, remember that during the
Crusades and the Inquisition, people committed terrible deeds in the name of
Christ. In our home country, slavery and
Jim Crow all too often was justified in the name of Christ. Michelle and I returned from India -- an
incredible, beautiful country, full of magnificent diversity -- but a place
where, in past years, religious faiths of all types have, on occasion, been
targeted by other peoples of faith, simply due to their heritage and their
beliefs -- acts of intolerance that would have shocked Gandhiji, the person who
helped to liberate that nation.
This, of course, sent the right wing crazy, but also several on the
left. They scream that the President was
making a moral equivalency between ISIS and Christianity. They said it was an attack on all
Christians. They said he was ignorant of
the Crusades and mentioned that they were efforts to fight Muslims
terrorists. It was quite
remarkable. But what they are missing is
the simple fact that the President was right.
The simple fact is that the actions of ISIS are a perversion of Islam
that is not unlike perversions of other faith traditions that led to atrocities
throughout history and up to very recently.
To paint all of Islam with the brush dipped in the blood shed by ISIS is
silly and as silly as holding today’s Christian’s responsible for the
Crusades. But let’s be clear. Even if you could make the argument that the
Crusades were about fighting to take back land in the Middle East considered
Holy to the European Christians who went to fight the Arabs there, one cannot
explain how the killing of Jews along the way was justifiable and not a
Christian mob who saw themselves doing God’s work. The President is simply pointing out in this speech
that we must be cautious of how we see groups like ISIS and how we generalize
them to all of Islam, or even argue that Islam somehow supports this kind of
brutality.
But the noise machine and others will have none of it. They will tell you what the President thought
and how he hates Christianity and how he is making an excuse for ISIS. But that is not the truth. But truth and the noise machine are not
friends. In fact they conveniently
ignore that he brought up civil rights in the equation so that they can so
easily dismiss the clear evil that was part of the Crusades or the Inquisition
as being over 600 years ago. But what
they won’t address is that it was Christian teaching that led many to not
question slavery or even Jim Crowe in our nation’s history. A history that is troubled and rarely fully
addressed. Funny story, at the same time
there were preachers in pulpits saying things like enslaving savage Africans
will break their will and they will find salvation, there were many in the pulpit
using the same text to condemn the institution of slavery. And that is what the President was alluding
to in his speech. That religion can be
the lever to move people and that is can be manipulated to do evil and justify
it as sacred.
Ta-Nehesi Coates, writing today in The Atlantic says:
Now,
Christianity did not "cause" slavery, any more than Christianity
"caused" the civil-rights movement. The interest in power is almost
always accompanied by the need to sanctify that power. That is what the Muslims
terrorists in ISIS are seeking to do today, and that is what Christian
enslavers and Christian terrorists did for the lion's share of American history.
Mr. Coates points out correctly that the analogy is not only solid, but
important to any discussion about religions role in defeating the evil that is
ISIS. Going back to the imagery of the
Crusades and frankly the Middle Ages in Christian Europe, it was often
Christian leaders who called for mass killings and their followers who would
carry it out. Jews were slaughtered in
many places simply for being Jews, this time of year, near Purim and Pesach
that almost always coincides with Lent and Easter, priests would rile up crowds
to descend on the Jews in a town to punish them simply for a different
faith. It used made up stories of Jews
murdering Christian children, known as the blood libel, to make Matzah or
Hamantaschen and the murderers truly felt they were making the world better
through purging of the infidels in their midst.
Sound familiar?
But we need not look back 600 years.
Near where I grew up in Massena, NY in 1928, a young girl went missing a
few days before Yom Kippur and the city officials were convinced the Jews had
ritually sacrificed her. When it was
later discovered that she got lost and fell asleep in the woods (easy to do in
the region even today when you get outside of town) people still believed
this. But this blood libel is alive and
well today in many places including among the Christians of Poland according to
a 2008 study.
Christian actions and words have led to horrors in the past that can’t
simply be ignored while holding all of Islam responsible for the actions of the
lunatic death cult called ISIS.
The President was simply pointing out these Middle East thugs are not a
novel invention in human history and we must be careful of how much we draw
from their invoking the name of God in their actions. We can so easily generalize their actions to
all Muslims or think that this is the definition of Islam and that somehow that
is waiting for us from all Muslim. So
instead of being outraged that the President addressed the issue in a strong
way, perhaps you should use this to open up dialogue to address the real
issues. That religion can be used to
commit horrors beyond imagine in the name of God, and that this must be
stopped. The best way is to promote
freedom and take religion out of the hands of civil authority and to focus on
not trying to demonize an entire faith, but understand the struggle that faith
is going through as the radical members have created such a powerful
profile. Want to screw with an Islamic
radical, invite a Muslim to your seder or your child’s baptism. Each and every faith evolves as it matures and
goes through its own form of enlightenment.
We are living in the time of that struggle in Islam. But what we must
understand that while the words are different and the prayers have another language
this is not new and that is what the President was saying. It may be hard to hear, but it will help in
the long run to combat the radicals. But
that will only happen if we recognize them for what they are, and that they are
not unique in the grand scheme of things. | 2024-05-12T01:27:17.760571 | https://example.com/article/9434 |
package executor
import (
"github.com/chrislusf/gleam/flow"
"github.com/chrislusf/gleam/sql/expression"
)
type Executor interface {
Exec() *flow.Dataset
Schema() expression.Schema
}
| 2024-01-25T01:27:17.760571 | https://example.com/article/1219 |
/**********************************************************************
* Copyright (c) 2013, 2014 Pieter Wuille *
* Distributed under the MIT software license, see the accompanying *
* file COPYING or http://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php.*
**********************************************************************/
#ifndef SECP256K1_UTIL_H
#define SECP256K1_UTIL_H
#if defined HAVE_CONFIG_H
#include "libsecp256k1-config.h"
#endif
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdint.h>
#include <stdio.h>
typedef struct {
void (*fn)(const char *text, void* data);
const void* data;
} secp256k1_callback;
static SECP256K1_INLINE void secp256k1_callback_call(const secp256k1_callback * const cb, const char * const text) {
cb->fn(text, (void*)cb->data);
}
#ifdef DETERMINISTIC
#define TEST_FAILURE(msg) do { \
fprintf(stderr, "%s\n", msg); \
abort(); \
} while(0);
#else
#define TEST_FAILURE(msg) do { \
fprintf(stderr, "%s:%d: %s\n", __FILE__, __LINE__, msg); \
abort(); \
} while(0)
#endif
#ifdef HAVE_BUILTIN_EXPECT
#define EXPECT(x,c) __builtin_expect((x),(c))
#else
#define EXPECT(x,c) (x)
#endif
#ifdef DETERMINISTIC
#define CHECK(cond) do { \
if (EXPECT(!(cond), 0)) { \
TEST_FAILURE("test condition failed"); \
} \
} while(0)
#else
#define CHECK(cond) do { \
if (EXPECT(!(cond), 0)) { \
TEST_FAILURE("test condition failed: " #cond); \
} \
} while(0)
#endif
/* Like assert(), but when VERIFY is defined, and side-effect safe. */
#if defined(COVERAGE)
#define VERIFY_CHECK(check)
#define VERIFY_SETUP(stmt)
#elif defined(VERIFY)
#define VERIFY_CHECK CHECK
#define VERIFY_SETUP(stmt) do { stmt; } while(0)
#else
#define VERIFY_CHECK(cond) do { (void)(cond); } while(0)
#define VERIFY_SETUP(stmt)
#endif
static SECP256K1_INLINE void *checked_malloc(const secp256k1_callback* cb, size_t size) {
void *ret = malloc(size);
if (ret == NULL) {
secp256k1_callback_call(cb, "Out of memory");
}
return ret;
}
/* Macro for restrict, when available and not in a VERIFY build. */
#if defined(SECP256K1_BUILD) && defined(VERIFY)
# define SECP256K1_RESTRICT
#else
# if (!defined(__STDC_VERSION__) || (__STDC_VERSION__ < 199901L) )
# if SECP256K1_GNUC_PREREQ(3,0)
# define SECP256K1_RESTRICT __restrict__
# elif (defined(_MSC_VER) && _MSC_VER >= 1400)
# define SECP256K1_RESTRICT __restrict
# else
# define SECP256K1_RESTRICT
# endif
# else
# define SECP256K1_RESTRICT restrict
# endif
#endif
#if defined(_WIN32)
# define I64FORMAT "I64d"
# define I64uFORMAT "I64u"
#else
# define I64FORMAT "lld"
# define I64uFORMAT "llu"
#endif
#if defined(HAVE___INT128)
# if defined(__GNUC__)
# define SECP256K1_GNUC_EXT __extension__
# else
# define SECP256K1_GNUC_EXT
# endif
SECP256K1_GNUC_EXT typedef unsigned __int128 uint128_t;
#endif
#endif /* SECP256K1_UTIL_H */
| 2024-04-14T01:27:17.760571 | https://example.com/article/2477 |
Q:
How to display a color fullscreen for X minutes?
I am trying to make a very simple app. The idea is to have the user input two times (e.g. 5min & 7min) in the main screen and then press a button to start the following fullscreen sequence:
Green screen from 0-5min
Yellow screen from 5-6.5min
Red screen from 7min+ until i tap the screen
I am new at doing apps (although I am not new to programming). What functions would you recommend me to go into for handling:
displaying colors fullscreen
handling timing (e.g. display this color for 5min, then this other color...)
avoiding that the screen turns itself off while the app is displaying colors
Thanks!
A:
You can do 2 things.
You can implement Keep screen on using WakeLock feature. you can find more about here. this is not good idea as it may use more battery and user may remove your app for that reason.
You can save value in onPause() method in bundle and you can use them again in onResume(). as these methods will gets called directly after screen goes on by user.
For reference - How do I keep the screen on in my App?
Hope it will helps...
| 2024-05-03T01:27:17.760571 | https://example.com/article/5948 |
Histologic changes after elective surgery for duodenal ulcer.
Histologic changes in gastric mucosal biopsies were assessed in men who 2 to 19 years previously had undergone surgery for duodenal ulcer. Six groups, each of 40 patients, were studied. Surgery had been performed in four groups, viz. Pólya gastrojejunostomy, truncal vagotomy with antrectomy, truncal vagotomy with drainage (gastrojejunostomy or pyloroplasty) or proximal gastric vagotomy. One control group was medically treated for duodenal ulcer and another had no signs of gastroduodenal disorder. The incidence of atrophic gastritis was significantly higher after the Pólya operation than after the other three procedures. However, truncal vagotomy with antrectomy and truncal vagotomy and drainage were associated with high incidence of intramucosal cysts. Intramucosal cysts were not seen after proximal gastric vagotomy. Gastric stump carcinoma appeared in three patients after Pólya gastrectomy, with origin in the gastroenterostomy area. The findings indicate vulnerability of that area. All the operations evoked pathologic changes, except for proximal gastric vagotomy, after which the incidence of atrophic gastritis was similar to that found in the control groups. | 2024-02-19T01:27:17.760571 | https://example.com/article/3967 |
The post also garnered more than 210,000 reactions and was shared nearly 150,000 times.
"We will give him a family, and he will be our brother," Alex says in the video.
Alex also says he would share his toys with Daqneesh, invite him to birthday parties and hopes he will "teach us another language." He even says he will show Daqneesh how to ride a bike.
"The humanity that a young child can display who hasn't learned to be cynical, or suspicious, or fearful of other people because of how they look or where they're from or how they pray," Obama says in the video. "We can all learn from Alex." | 2023-08-11T01:27:17.760571 | https://example.com/article/2574 |
<vector xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:width="96dp"
android:height="96dp"
android:viewportWidth="25.4"
android:viewportHeight="25.4">
<path
android:pathData="m23.265,2.135c-2.179,-2.179 -11.053,-1.635 -16.852,4.164 -5.799,5.799 -6.344,14.633 -4.164,16.852 2.179,2.179 11.053,1.635 16.852,-4.164 5.799,-5.799 6.344,-14.633 4.164,-16.852z"
android:fillColor="#e8e8e8"/>
<path
android:pathData="m22.876,5.638c-0.584,1.284 -1.206,2.491 -1.946,3.697 -1.401,2.296 -3.075,4.515 -4.826,6.577 -1.635,1.946 -3.581,4.009 -5.916,5.137 -1.206,0.584 -2.452,0.662 -3.697,0.934 -1.129,0.272 -2.53,0.934 -2.685,1.985 3.425,1.051 10.43,-0.117 15.295,-4.982 4.67,-4.67 5.916,-11.286 5.098,-14.867 -0.545,0.35 -0.973,0.817 -1.323,1.518"
android:fillColor="#c5d4d8"/>
<path
android:pathData="m15.442,1.396c-0.584,0.117 -1.168,0.272 -1.751,0.467 -2.374,1.129 -4.826,2.88 -6.772,4.787 -5.721,5.76 -6.149,14.439 -5.059,15.49 1.557,1.557 9.302,-0.701 14.789,-6.889 4.515,-5.059 6.616,-10.625 6.85,-12.843 -0.117,-0.078 -0.195,-0.195 -0.234,-0.272 -1.206,-1.168 -4.281,-1.557 -7.823,-0.739m0.311,12.96c-4.982,4.982 -11.286,6.422 -12.687,5.02 -1.129,-1.129 0.078,-7.628 5.059,-12.61 4.982,-5.02 11.403,-6.266 12.61,-5.02 1.401,1.401 0,7.628 -4.982,12.61"
android:fillColor="#4b53a2"/>
<path
android:pathData="m6.802,10.736c-1.79,2.88 -2.257,5.643 -1.557,6.344 0.701,0.701 3.464,0.195 6.344,-1.557 -2.452,1.245 -4.787,1.401 -5.488,0.739 -0.701,-0.739 -0.545,-3.075 0.701,-5.526"
android:fillColor="#cb2c41"/>
<path
android:pathData="m11.9,5.638c2.452,-1.245 4.787,-1.401 5.488,-0.739 0.701,0.662 0.506,3.036 -0.739,5.488C18.439,7.506 18.906,4.743 18.205,4.042 17.544,3.381 14.78,3.848 11.9,5.638"
android:fillColor="#cb2c41"/>
<path
android:pathData="m23.459,2.408c0,0 0,0 0,0 -0.234,2.257 -2.335,7.784 -6.85,12.843C11.122,21.439 3.416,23.735 1.859,22.139 0.809,21.089 1.198,12.41 6.958,6.65 8.904,4.704 11.356,2.992 13.73,1.863 11.2,2.68 8.592,4.12 6.413,6.3 0.614,12.098 0.069,20.972 2.249,23.151 2.949,23.852 4.389,24.28 6.141,24.319 9.488,23.346 14.508,21.128 18.789,15.095 21.241,11.748 23.148,7.973 24.432,5.794 24.354,4.315 24.004,3.147 23.459,2.408"
android:fillColor="#cb2c41"/>
</vector>
| 2024-03-23T01:27:17.760571 | https://example.com/article/7026 |
/* ========================================================================= *
* *
* OpenMesh *
* Copyright (c) 2001-2015, RWTH-Aachen University *
* Department of Computer Graphics and Multimedia *
* All rights reserved. *
* www.openmesh.org *
* *
*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*
* This file is part of OpenMesh. *
*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*
* *
* Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without *
* modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions *
* are met: *
* *
* 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice, *
* this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. *
* *
* 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright *
* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the *
* documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. *
* *
* 3. Neither the name of the copyright holder nor the names of its *
* contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from *
* this software without specific prior written permission. *
* *
* THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS *
* "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED *
* TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A *
* PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT HOLDER *
* OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, *
* EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, *
* PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR *
* PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF *
* LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING *
* NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS *
* SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. *
* *
* ========================================================================= */
/*===========================================================================*\
* *
* $Revision$ *
* $Date$ *
* *
\*===========================================================================*/
//=============================================================================
//
// Implements a simple singleton template
//
//=============================================================================
#ifndef __SINGLETON_HH__
#define __SINGLETON_HH__
//=== INCLUDES ================================================================
// OpenMesh
#include <OpenMesh/Core/System/config.h>
// STL
#include <stdexcept>
//== NAMESPACES ===============================================================
namespace OpenMesh {
//=== IMPLEMENTATION ==========================================================
/** A simple singleton template.
Encapsulates an arbitrary class and enforces its uniqueness.
*/
template <typename T>
class SingletonT
{
public:
/** Singleton access function.
Use this function to obtain a reference to the instance of the
encapsulated class. Note that this instance is unique and created
on the first call to Instance().
*/
static T& Instance()
{
if (!pInstance__)
{
// check if singleton alive
if (destroyed__)
{
OnDeadReference();
}
// first time request -> initialize
else
{
Create();
}
}
return *pInstance__;
}
private:
// Disable constructors/assignment to enforce uniqueness
SingletonT();
SingletonT(const SingletonT&);
SingletonT& operator=(const SingletonT&);
// Create a new singleton and store its pointer
static void Create()
{
static T theInstance;
pInstance__ = &theInstance;
}
// Will be called if instance is accessed after its lifetime has expired
static void OnDeadReference()
{
throw std::runtime_error("[Singelton error] - Dead reference detected!\n");
}
virtual ~SingletonT()
{
pInstance__ = 0;
destroyed__ = true;
}
static T* pInstance__;
static bool destroyed__;
};
//=============================================================================
} // namespace OpenMesh
//=============================================================================
#if defined(OM_INCLUDE_TEMPLATES) && !defined(OPENMESH_SINGLETON_C)
# define OPENMESH_SINGLETON_TEMPLATES
# include "SingletonT.cc"
#endif
//=============================================================================
#endif // __SINGLETON_HH__
//=============================================================================
| 2024-02-08T01:27:17.760571 | https://example.com/article/2911 |
Product description
Dear Reader, You've probably heard that my wife has left me. Rachel's pregnant, and she says she can't handle the stress in our household anymore. My thirteen-year-old daughter, Jolene, is jealous of her. Maybe it's my fault. As a widower I spoiled her-- Jolene was reading over my shoulder just now and says "that's" not true. She claims Rachel ruined everything. But "that's" not true. The real question is: How can I get my wife back? I don't even know where she is. She's not with Teri Polgar or any of her other friends from the salon. The other question is...when will Jolene grow up and stop acting like such a brat? Of course, I'm not the only one in town with problems. Linc Wyse's father-in-law is trying to destroy his business. And you know Charlotte Rhodes? Seems she's becoming forgetful, and the family's worried about her and Ben. Lots of other stuff going on--but Rachel is better at keeping up with it than I am. If you have any idea where my wife is, give me a call. Please. Bruce Peyton | 2024-01-08T01:27:17.760571 | https://example.com/article/1203 |
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