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i've also had some meals that(2) make me want(2) to dry heave {BREATH} so {BREATH} it's about choosing the parts of the bible about compassion {BREATH} about tolerance about loving your(2) neighbor {BREATH} as opposed to the parts {SMACK} <sil> {UH} about <sil> homosexuality is a sin {UH} or intolerance or(2) violence {BREATH} which(2) are(2) very much in the bible as well <sil> so {NOISE} if we {NOISE} are(2) {NOISE} to(3) {NOISE} find any meaning in this book {BREATH} then {UH} we have(2) to(3) {UH} really {NOISE} engage it and wrestle with it {BREATH} and i thought i'd {UH} end <sil> with just(2) a couple more {NOISE} there's me reading(2) the bible {BREATH} that's how i hailed taxi cabs <sil> {NOISE} morning {NOISE} but {NOISE} it {BREATH} served well {NOISE} for(2) a(2) day so anyway {UH} thank you so much for letting me {NOISE} <sil> {COUGH} so <sil> and(2) it was about the year i spent reading(2) the(2) encyclopedia {BREATH} britannica {UH} from {NOISE} a(2) to(2) z {SMACK} in my quest to learn everything in the world {BREATH} or(2) {UH} more precisely from <sil> which(2) is a(2) type of east asian music {BREATH} all the way to(3) {NOISE} zwyiec {NOISE} which(2) {NOISE} is <sil> well i don't {UH} although listening(2) to kevin kelly you don't(2) have(2) to(2) remember anything you can just(2) {UH} google it so {BREATH} i wasted some time there {BREATH} i love those experiments {SMACK} but i think that(2) the most(2) profound and life changing {BREATH} experiment that i've {UH} done is my most(2) recent experiment {BREATH} <sil> i thought i'd tell you a little about {UH} what i like to write <sil> and {UH} i like to(3) {UH} immerse myself {SMACK} in my topics {UM} i just(2) like to {UH} dive {SMACK} right in and become {UH} sort of a human guinea pig {BREATH} and {UH} where(2) {UH} i {UH} spent a year {SMACK} trying to follow all of the {BREATH} rules of the bible <sil> the year of living biblically {SMACK} and {UH} i undertook this for(2) two reasons <sil> the <sil> first {SMACK} was that {UH} i grew up {BREATH} with no religion at all {BREATH} as i say in {UH} my book {BREATH} i'm(2) jewish <sil> in the same way {SMACK} the olive {NOISE} garden {NOISE} is italian <sil> {UH} so {COUGH} but i've become increasingly(2) interested in religion i do think it's the defining issue of our time or(2) one {UH} of {BREATH} the {NOISE} main ones {BREATH} and {UH} i have(2) a son i want to know(2) what(2) to teach him {BREATH} so i decided {SMACK} to(2) dive in head first and try <sil> to {BREATH} live(2) the bible {SMACK} the second reason {COUGH} i undertook this is because(2) i'm concerned about the rise {BREATH} of fundamentalism(2) religious fundamentalism {BREATH} and {UH} people who say <sil> what(2) if you really did take the bible literally {UH} i decided to take it to its logical {SMACK} conclusion {BREATH} and {UH} take {SMACK} everything in the bible literally <sil> {UM} without(2) picking and choosing {SMACK} the first thing i did {NOISE} was i got {UH} a(2) {UH} stack of <sil> bibles <sil> i had christian(3) bibles i {NOISE} had {BREATH} jewish bibles <sil> a friend of mine sent me something called a(2) {SMACK} hip hop bible {BREATH} where(2) the(2) twenty three rd psalm(2) is rendered as {BREATH} the lord is all that {BREATH} as opposed to(3) what(2) i knew it as the lord is my shepherd {SMACK} {NOISE} then {UH} i {NOISE} went down {COUGH} and {UH} i read {BREATH} several versions and(2) i wrote down <sil> every single law {BREATH} that i could find and this was(2) a very <sil> long list <sil> over seven <sil> hundred {BREATH} rules {BREATH} {NOISE} and {NOISE} they range from the famous ones that(2) i had heard of <sil> the ten commandments {BREATH} love your(2) neighbor {BREATH} be fruitful and(2) multiply <sil> so i wanted to follow those and actually(4) i take my projects very seriously because(2) {SMACK} i had twins during my year so i {UH} <sil> definitely <sil> take <sil> my {UH} projects(3) seriously {BREATH} but i also wanted(2) to follow <sil> the hundreds <sil> of arcane and obscure laws {UH} that are(2) in the bible {SMACK} {NOISE} there {UH} is <sil> the law(2) in leviticus you cannot(2) shave the corners of your(2) beard {BREATH} i didn't(4) know(2) where(2) my corners were(2) {SMACK} so i decided {BREATH} to let the whole {NOISE} thing grow {UH} and this is what(2) i looked like <sil> by the end {SMACK} as {UH} you can(2) imagine i spent a lot of time at <sil> airport security my wife {SMACK} wouldn't kiss me for(2) the last(2) two months {BREATH} so {UH} certainly the challenge was(2) {BREATH} there {UM} the bible says <sil> you cannot wear clothes made of mixed <sil> fibers {BREATH} so {UM} i thought <sil> sounds(2) strange but i'll try it {NOISE} you only know(2) i see my life as a series of experiments {BREATH} so {UH} i {NOISE} work for(2) esquire magazine and a couple of years(2) ago {BREATH} i wrote an(2) article called {NOISE} my <sil> outsourced life <sil> i <sil> got rid of all my poly cotton t shirts {BREATH} the {UH} bible {NOISE} says <sil> that {NOISE} if two men are in a fight {BREATH} and the wife <sil> of one of those men {BREATH} grabs <sil> the testicles {SMACK} of the other {NOISE} her hand shall be cut off {BREATH} so i wanted to follow that rule {NOISE} wife was standing nearby {COUGH} looking like {NOISE} she had a {NOISE} strong grip <sil> so {UH} <sil> {NOISE} there's {UH} another <sil> shot {NOISE} of <sil> my <sil> beard {BREATH} i will(2) say it was an(2) amazing year because(2) it really was life changing and incredibly challenging and there were(2) two types of laws <sil> were(2) particularly(2) challenging {BREATH} the {UH} first was avoiding the little sins that we all {NOISE} commit <sil> every(2) day {BREATH} know(2) i could spend a year not killing {BREATH} but spending a(2) year {BREATH} not gossiping <sil> not {UH} coveting {SMACK} not lying <sil> you know(2) i live(2) in new york {SMACK} and i work as(2) a journalist(2) {BREATH} so this was seventy {COUGH} five {BREATH} eighty percent of my {NOISE} but it was really interesting(3) because(2) {BREATH} i {NOISE} was able to(3) {BREATH} make some progress because(2) {BREATH} i couldn't believe how my <sil> behavior <sil> changed my thoughts {SMACK} this was(2) one(2) of the huge lessons of the year {BREATH} is that {BREATH} i almost pretended {SMACK} to be a better person {BREATH} and i became a little bit {NOISE} of a better person {BREATH} so <sil> {UH} i had always thought <sil> you know(2) you change your(2) mind and you change your behavior {BREATH} but it's often the other way round you change your(2) behavior and(2) you change your(2) mind <sil> so you know(2) if you want {BREATH} to become more compassionate {BREATH} you visit(2) sick people in the hospital {BREATH} and you will(2) become more compassionate {BREATH} where(2) i {BREATH} hired a team of people in bangalore <sil> india {BREATH} to live(2) my life for me {BREATH} so {UH} they answered my emails they answered my phone they argued with my wife {SMACK} for me {BREATH} and(2) <sil> they {UH} you donate money to(3) a cause {BREATH} and you become {NOISE} emotionally involved in that cause {BREATH} so it {UH} really was cognitive psychology {BREATH} <sil> {COUGH} that(2) if you smile <sil> you will(2) become happier which(2) {UH} as we know(2) {NOISE} is {SMACK} actually(3) true {BREATH} the second(2) type {UH} of <sil> rule that(2) was difficult to(3) obey <sil> was {NOISE} the(2) {BREATH} rules that(2) will get you into(2) a little trouble <sil> in twenty {NOISE} one(2) st(2) {NOISE} century {BREATH} america and {UH} <sil> the clearest example of this {BREATH} is <sil> stoning adulterers <sil> {NOISE} but {COUGH} it's {NOISE} a(2) {SMACK} big part of the bible so {COUGH} i {COUGH} <sil> had to address(2) {NOISE} <sil> i was able to stone one adulterer it happened {BREATH} i was in the park <sil> and i was dressed in my biblical(2) clothing {NOISE} sandals {BREATH} and {UH} a white(2) <sil> robe {SMACK} you know(2) because(2) again the outer see how dressing biblically affected(2) my mind {BREATH} up to me and(2) he said why(2) are(2) you dressed like that {BREATH} and i explained my project {BREATH} and he said <sil> well i am an(2) adulterer {UH} are you going to stone me <sil> and i said {BREATH} well that would be great {COUGH} <sil> and {UH} {NOISE} i {UH} took {NOISE} out a handful of {UH} stones from my pocket that i had been(2) carrying(3) around for(2) weeks <sil> hoping for(2) just this interaction(2) {COUGH} and {UH} you know(2) they were(2) pebbles {BREATH} out of my hand <sil> he was actually(4) an(2) elderly man mid seventies {SMACK} just so you know(2) {BREATH} but he's(2) still an(2) adulterer {BREATH} and still quite angry {SMACK} he grabbed them out of my hand and(2) threw them at my face <sil> and(2) i <sil> felt {UH} that i could <sil> eye for(2) an eye <sil> i could retaliate <sil> and throw one(2) back at {BREATH} him {BREATH} so that was my experience stoning {BREATH} and it did allow me to talk {NOISE} {UH} about {UM} in a more serious way <sil> these big issues {NOISE} how can the bible be so barbaric {NOISE} in some places and yet so {UM} incredibly wise in others {BREATH} it has all of these {NOISE} authors and {COUGH} editors {SMACK} over hundreds of years {NOISE} and it's sort of evolved(2) it's not {BREATH} a book {NOISE} that(2) was written {BREATH} and(2) {UM} came down from on high {UH} <sil> my son bedtime stories {BREATH} it <sil> was the best month of my life {SMACK} because(2) i {COUGH} just(2) sat back and i {UH} read(2) {NOISE} books and watched movies {BREATH} <sil> so {UH} i thought {NOISE} i would {UH} end by telling you just(2) a couple of the {BREATH} take away the bigger <sil> lessons that i learned from my year {BREATH} the {UM} first is {SMACK} thou shalt not take the bible literally {BREATH} this <sil> <sil> very very clear early on {BREATH} because(2) if you do {SMACK} then you end up acting like a(2) crazy person and(2) stoning adulterers {UH} or here <sil> well that's another i {UH} did spend some time shepherding {UM} it's {BREATH} a(2) {NOISE} very relaxing {UH} vocation i recommend it {BREATH} but this one(2) is {UH} and my wife thought this was very offensive so she sat <sil> in every seat <sil> in our apartment {BREATH} and i had to spend much of the year standing {SMACK} until i bought my {NOISE} own <sil> seat {BREATH} and {NOISE} carried(2) it around(2) <sil> {UH} so <sil> you know(2) i {UH} met with {UH} creationists i went to the creationists museum and these are the(2) ultimate literalists and {BREATH} it <sil> was(2) fascinating because(2) they were(2) not stupid people at all {BREATH} that(2) they distort <sil> all the data {BREATH} to(2) {NOISE} fit {BREATH} their model and {UH} they go through these amazing {SMACK} mental gymnastics {SMACK} to accomplish this {BREATH} and {UH} i will(2) say though <sil> was(2) a wonderful experience {BREATH} more recently {NOISE} i wrote an article for {NOISE} esquire called {BREATH} about {UH} radical {UH} honesty {SMACK} and this is a movement {BREATH} the museum <sil> is <sil> gorgeous {SMACK} they really did a fantastic job if {SMACK} you're ever in kentucky {BREATH} there's {NOISE} i think it's crazy {BREATH} they {NOISE} did a great job {UH} another lesson is that {UH} {UH} thou shalt give thanks <sil> and this one was {UH} a big {BREATH} lesson because(2) {BREATH} i was praying <sil> giving {NOISE} these {NOISE} prayers(2) of thanksgiving which(2) was odd for(2) an(2) agnostic {BREATH} but {UH} saying <sil> thanks {SMACK} all the time every(2) day and i {BREATH} started to {NOISE} change my perspective {BREATH} and i {NOISE} started to realize(2) {SMACK} the hundreds of <sil> little {UH} things that(2) go right {UH} every(2) day {BREATH} {NOISE} that(2) <sil> i didn't even notice(2) that(2) i took for granted(4) {BREATH} as opposed to focusing(2) on the three or(2) four {BREATH} that went wrong {BREATH} so this is actually(3) <sil> a key to happiness for(2) me {BREATH} is to(3) {UH} just(2) {NOISE} remember(2) when i came over here the car didn't(3) flip over {BREATH} and i didn't(3) trip coming up the stairs it's {NOISE} a remarkable thing {BREATH} this one(2) was {UH} unexpected because(2) i started the year as(3) an agnostic {BREATH} and by the(2) end of the year {UH} i became what(2) a {UH} friend of mine calls {NOISE} a(2) <sil> reverent <sil> agnostic <sil> which(2) i love {BREATH} a movement so if anyone wants to join {BREATH} the {UH} basic idea is whether(2) or(2) not there is a god {BREATH} there's something important {BREATH} and beautiful about the(2) idea <sil> of sacredness {BREATH} and that our rituals can(2) be sacred(2) {BREATH} the {UH} sabbath can be <sil> this was(2) one of the great things about my year {NOISE} doing the sabbath {BREATH} because(2) i am a(2) {UH} workaholic so having this one day where you cannot work {BREATH} it really <sil> that changed my life {BREATH} this is started by a(2) psychologist {BREATH} in virginia who says that {SMACK} you should {SMACK} never ever lie {BREATH} except maybe during poker and golf {UH} his only {UH} exceptions {BREATH} and(2) more than that {NOISE} journey i wanted(2) it to be about religion in america {BREATH} so i {UH} spent time with evangelical christians and hasidic(2) jews and(2) the(2) {UH} i'm very proud because(2) i think i'm(2) {BREATH} the only person in america to(3) {BREATH} out {UH} bible talk {NOISE} a jehovah's(3) witness <sil> <sil> thank {COUGH} you {COUGH} but it was <sil> because(3) i had some very preconceived notions about for(2) instance <sil> evangelical christianity and {UH} i found that it's {UH} such a wide {BREATH} <sil> and(2) varied movement that {BREATH} it is {NOISE} difficult {BREATH} to(2) make {UH} generalizations about it {UH} there's a group {BREATH} i met with(2) called the red letter christians <sil> and they focus(2) on(2) {BREATH} words in the {UM} bible {SMACK} which are the ones that(2) jesus spoke {SMACK} that's how they printed(3) <sil> them in the(2) old bibles {BREATH} and is {SMACK} that(2) jesus <sil> never talked about {BREATH} homosexuality {SMACK} they have(2) a pamphlet that(2) says {BREATH} here's(3) what(2) jesus said {COUGH} about homosexuality {SMACK} and you open it up and there's nothing in it {BREATH} so {UH} they say jesus did talk a lot {UH} about <sil> helping the(2) outcasts(2) helping {UH} poor {BREATH} people {COUGH} so {UM} this {NOISE} was(2) {BREATH} very {NOISE} inspiring {UH} to(2) {NOISE} me <sil> {NOISE} i {UH} recommend {UH} jim wallace and tony campolo {UH} they're <sil> very inspiring leaders {BREATH} even though i disagree {BREATH} with(2) much of what they say <sil> also <sil> thou shalt not i was shocked {NOISE} learning how much of my {BREATH} life {NOISE} is {NOISE} governed {SMACK} by irrational forces {SMACK} and <sil> the thing is <sil> if {SMACK} they're not harmful <sil> they're not to be {SMACK} completely dismissed {BREATH} because(2) <sil> i learned {SMACK} that {UH} i {BREATH} was thinking i was doing all these rituals these biblical(2) <sil> rituals {NOISE} separating my {NOISE} and(2) linen and {NOISE} i would ask these religious {UH} people {UM} why(2) {NOISE} would <sil> the bible possibly {SMACK} tell us to do this why would god care {BREATH} and they said {NOISE} we don't(2) know(2) but {NOISE} it's just rituals {BREATH} that(2) give {UH} us meaning {BREATH} and i {NOISE} would say {UM} but that's crazy {BREATH} and they would say {BREATH} well what(2) about you you {UH} blow out {BREATH} candles on(2) top of a birthday cake {UH} if a guy from mars {SMACK} came down and saw {COUGH} <sil> here's(3) one guy {BREATH} blowing {SMACK} out {NOISE} the {UM} fire on(2) top of a cake {BREATH} versus(2) another guy {BREATH} not wearing clothes of mixed fabrics {BREATH} would the martians say {BREATH} well that he(2) makes sense <sil> but that guy's(3) crazy {BREATH} so {UH} no i think that are(2) not harmful {BREATH} but {UM} rituals by themselves <sil> are not to be {UH} dismissed {BREATH} and finally <sil> i learned that thou shall pick and choose {BREATH} and this one(2) i learned because(2) <sil> i tried to follow everything in the bible {SMACK} and i failed miserably(2) <sil> because(2) you can't {BREATH} you have(2) to pick and choose and <sil> anyone who follows {UH} the bible {BREATH} is going to be picking and choosing {BREATH} the key {NOISE} is <sil> <sil> i do not recommend this at all {BREATH} to(2) give you a sense {UH} of {BREATH} the(2) experience {UH} the {UH} article was called {BREATH} i think you're fat <sil> to pick <sil> and choose the <sil> right parts {BREATH} there's the phrase called {UH} my argument is <sil> what's(2) wrong with cafeterias {BREATH} i've had some great meals at cafeterias <sil>
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AJJacobs
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we have indeed {NOISE} taken <sil> the best part of {NOISE} the meat <sil> so let's(2) look today <sil> at a set of photographs <sil> of a people who lost {UH} so that we could {NOISE} gain {COUGH} <sil> and(2) know(2) that when(4) you see these people's(3) faces <sil> that(2) these are(2) not just(2) images(2) of the lakota <sil> they stand for(2) all indigenous people {UH} on(2) this piece of paper <sil> is the history(2) the way i learned it <sil> from my lakota friends and family(2) {NOISE} <sil> i'm here today to(2) show my photographs <sil> of the lakota <sil> many of you may have(2) heard of the lakota <sil> or(2) <sil> at least the larger group of tribes <sil> called <sil> sixty six <sil> the beginning of the transcontinental(3) railroad <sil> a new(2) {NOISE} era <sil> we appropriated land for(2) trails and(2) trains to shortcut through the heart of the lakota nation <sil> the treaties were(2) out the window <sil> in response three tribes led by the lakota chief {SMACK} red cloud <sil> <sil> attacked and defeated the(2) u s army many times over <sil> i <sil> want to repeat(2) that part <sil> the lakota defeat {SMACK} the u s army <sil> {NOISE} sixty eight {COUGH} the second(2) fort laramie treaty <sil> clearly guarantees the sovereignty of the(2) great sioux nation <sil> and the lakotas ownership <sil> of the sacred black {NOISE} hills <sil> the lakota are one(2) of many tribes that were(2) moved off their land <sil> to prisoner(2) of war camps <sil> now called reservations <sil> the pine ridge reservation <sil> {NOISE} seventy {COUGH} one(2) <sil> the indian appropriation act <sil> makes all indians wards of the federal government <sil> in addition <sil> the military issued orders forbidding(2) western(2) indians from leaving reservations <sil> <sil> the move destroyed the reservations <sil> making it easier to(2) further subdivide {BREATH} and to sell {UH} with every passing generation <sil> most(2) of the surplus land <sil> i believe to be the most(2) important in this slide show <sil> this is the(2) year of the wounded(2) knee massacre <sil> to(2) this {NOISE} day <sil> this is the most medals of honor <sil> ever awarded(2) for(2) a single battle {UH} <sil> more medals of honor were(2) given(2) for(2) the indiscriminate slaughter <sil> of women and children <sil> than for(2) <sil> any battle <sil> in world war one(2) <sil> world war two <sil> korea(2) <sil> vietnam <sil> iraq <sil> or afghanistan <sil> <sil> the wounded(2) knee massacre {NOISE} is considered <sil> the(2) end of the(2) indian wars <sil> whenever(2) i visit the site of the mass grave at wounded(2) knee <sil> now if any of you have(2) ever heard of {NOISE} aim <sil> the(2) american(2) indian movement <sil> or {UH} of {UH} russell means <sil> or leonard peltier <sil> or of the stand off at oglala <sil> i see it not just(2) {NOISE} a(2) grave for(2) <sil> the lakota {UH} or for the sioux but <sil> as(3) a grave for(2) all indigenous peoples <sil> <sil> the holy man black elk said <sil> i did not know(2) then <sil> how much was ended(2) <sil> when(3) i look <sil> back {COUGH} now from(2) this high hill of my old age {SMACK} <sil> i can still see the butchered women and children <sil> lying {NOISE} heaped and scattered <sil> all along the crooked {SMACK} gulch <sil> when(3) i saw them with(2) eyes still young <sil> <sil> and(2) <sil> i can(2) see that(2) something else {NOISE} died {UH} there in the bloody mud <sil> and was buried in the blizzard <sil> a people's(3) {NOISE} dream {NOISE} died {UH} there <sil> and it was a beautiful dream <sil> with(2) <sil> <sil> this event <sil> a new(2) {NOISE} era in native american(2) history began(2) <sil> everything <sil> can be measured <sil> before(2) wounded(2) knee <sil> and after <sil> because(2) it was in this moment <sil> with the fingers {NOISE} on the triggers of the hotchkiss guns <sil> the court determined <sil> that when(4) the sioux were(2) resettled onto reservations {SMACK} and seven million {NOISE} acres of their land <sil> were(2) opened up to prospectors and homesteaders <sil> the terms of the second(2) fort laramie treaty <sil> had been(2) violated <sil> the court stated(2) <sil> that(2) the black {COUGH} hills were(2) <sil> illegally taken and(2) <sil> that(2) the(2) initial offering(2) price <sil> plus {NOISE} interest(5) {BREATH} should be paid to the sioux nation <sil> ten <sil> statistics about native population today <sil> more than a century <sil> after the massacre at wounded(2) knee <sil> reveal the legacy of colonization <sil> forced migration {BREATH} and treaty violations <sil> <sil> at least sixty percent of the homes on the reservation {BREATH} are infested(2) with(2) black {UH} mold <sil> more than ninety percent of the population {BREATH} lives(2) below the federal(2) poverty line <sil> the tuberculosis rate on pine ridge {BREATH} is approximately eight times higher than the(2) u s national average <sil> the infant mortality rate {SMACK} is the highest on this continent <sil> and is about three times higher than the(2) u s national average <sil> the last(2) chapter <sil> in {NOISE} any successful genocide <sil> is the one in which the(2) oppressor <sil> can remove their hands and say <sil> my god <sil> what are(2) these people doing to themselves(2) <sil> they're killing each other <sil> they're killing themselves(2) <sil> while we watch them(2) die {BREATH} <sil> this is how we came {NOISE} to own these united(2) states <sil> this is the legacy {SMACK} of manifest destiny <sil> prisoners are still born <sil> into prisoner of war camps <sil> long after the guards are(2) gone <sil> <sil> these are the bones left {NOISE} after the best meat <sil> has been(2) has {SMACK} been(3) taken <sil> <sil> a long time ago a series of events {SMACK} was set in motion <sil> by a(2) {UH} people who look like me <sil> by wasichu <sil> eager to(2) take the land {NOISE} and the water {UH} and(2) the gold in the hills <sil> <sil> {NOISE} those {SMACK} events led to(2) {NOISE} a {NOISE} domino effect that(2) has {NOISE} yet to(2) <sil> end <sil> as removed {NOISE} as(3) we the dominant society may feel <sil> what(2) is the(2) connection <sil> between these images of suffering {BREATH} and the history that i just read to you <sil> and how much of this history do you need to(2) {UH} own even <sil> is any of this your(2) responsibility today {COUGH} <sil> <sil> been(3) told that(2) there must be something we can do <sil> there must be some {BREATH} call to(2) {COUGH} action <sil> because(2) for(2) so long i've been(2) standing on the sidelines {SMACK} <sil> content(2) to(2) {NOISE} be a witness <sil> just {SMACK} taking photographs <sil> because(2) the solution seems so far in the {NOISE} past i needed nothing short <sil> of a time machine to(2) <sil> access them <sil> the suffering(2) of indigenous peoples <sil> is not <sil> a simple issue to fix <sil> it's not something everyone can get behind <sil> the way they get(2) behind helping haiti <sil> of {NOISE} ending {NOISE} aids <sil> or fighting a famine <sil> {NOISE} and invited(2) me again and again over five years <sil> but on(2) pine ridge <sil> i will always be what is called wasichu and(2) <sil> wasichu <sil> is a lakota word {BREATH} <sil> the fix {SMACK} as it's called <sil> may be much more difficult for the dominant society <sil> than(2) say a fifty dollar check <sil> or(2) church trip to paint some graffiti covered houses <sil> or a suburban family(2) {BREATH} donating a box of clothes(2) they don't even want(2) anymore <sil> so where(2) does(2) that leave us <sil> shrugging our shoulders in the dark {UH} <sil> the call to(2) {COUGH} action {UH} i offer today <sil> my ted wish <sil> is this <sil> honor the treaties <sil> give {NOISE} back {UH} the black {NOISE} hills <sil> it's not your(2) business(2) what(2) they do with them <sil> that(2) means {COUGH} non {NOISE} indian {COUGH} but another version of this word <sil> means the one who takes the best meat <sil> for(2) himself <sil> and that's what(2) i want to focus(2) on(2) <sil> the one(2) who takes the best part of <sil> the meat <sil> it means greedy <sil> <sil>
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AaronHuey
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{NOISE} and then as(2) the(2) ammonia re(2) evaporates and combines with the water <sil> back on the erstwhile hot side {BREATH} it creates a powerful cooling effect {BREATH} so it was a great idea {COUGH} that(2) <sil> didn't work at all {SMACK} it blew up {UM} because(2) using ammonia you get {SMACK} hugely high pressures if you {NOISE} heated them wrong {NOISE} it <sil> topped four hundred {NOISE} psi {BREATH} the ammonia was toxic it sprayed everywhere(2) <sil> but {UH} it {BREATH} was(2) kind of an(2) interesting thought <sil> {NOISE} so <sil> the great thing about two thousand and six is {BREATH} there's <sil> a lot of {UH} really great computational work you can(2) do {NOISE} so we {SMACK} <sil> got the whole {SMACK} thermodynamics department at stanford involved a(2) {BREATH} lot of computational fluid(2) dynamics we proved {BREATH} that most of the(2) ammonia refrigeration tables {SMACK} are {NOISE} wrong {BREATH} we {UH} found some non toxic refrigerants that worked at very low vapor pressures {BREATH} {NOISE} this {UH} is {BREATH} a work in process(2) {BREATH} based on(2) {UH} some comments that were(2) made at {SMACK} ted two years(2) ago <sil> about <sil> the(2) need for <sil> the {SMACK} <sil> put it into(2) a container {SMACK} and(2) <sil> it will refrigerate for(2) twenty four hours {SMACK} it looks like {COUGH} this {SMACK} this is the fifth prototype {COUGH} it's not quite done {SMACK} weighs about eight pounds
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AdamGrosser
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<sil> we came up with(2) {UH} a list {COUGH} of <sil> they wanted <sil> band integration(2) {SMACK} that is the machine {COUGH} acting upon the band members {BREATH} specifically not the(2) other way around(2) {BREATH} they wanted the machine action {COUGH} to(3) follow the song {NOISE} feeling so as the song {NOISE} picks up emotion {BREATH} so {NOISE} should {COUGH} the(2) {NOISE} machine get grander <sil> in its process {BREATH} they wanted us to make use of the space {SMACK} so we have(2) this ten thousand sq ft warehouse we were(2) using divided between two floors {BREATH} it included an exterior loading dock we used all of that including a(2) giant {BREATH} hole {NOISE} in the floor that we actually(4) descended the camera(2) and cameraman through {BREATH} they wanted it messy and we were(2) happy to oblige <sil> hi there {SMACK} i'm(2) going to be talking a little bit {NOISE} about {UH} music {SMACK} machines {NOISE} and {COUGH} life the(2) machine itself would start the music {BREATH} so {COUGH} the machine would get(2) started <sil> it would travel some distance {SMACK} reacting along the way <sil> hit play on an(2) ipod or(2) a {UH} tape deck or(2) something that would start {UH} playback {BREATH} and the machine would maintain synchronization throughout {BREATH} and speaking of synchronization {COUGH} they wanted(2) it {SMACK} to sync to the rhythm <sil> and to hit specific beats along the way they wanted it to(2) <sil> end {SMACK} precisely on(2) time <sil> okay so {NOISE} now {UM} the(2) start to finish {BREATH} timing has to be perfect {BREATH} and they wanted(2) the(2) music to <sil> drop out at a certain point in the video {NOISE} and <sil> actual live {NOISE} audio from the machine to play part of the song <sil> and(2) as if that wasn't(2) enough all of these incredibly complicating things right {BREATH} they {UM} wanted(2) it <sil> in one(2) shot <sil> okay <sil> {UH} so {NOISE} just some statistics about sort of what(2) we went through in the process {COUGH} the machine itself has <sil> eighty nine <sil> distinct interactions(2) {BREATH} or(2) more specifically <sil> what we learned from(2) the creation of a very large and(2) complicated machine <sil> for <sil> a(2) music {SMACK} video <sil> some of you may {NOISE} recognize {UH} this image(2) {SMACK} this is the(2) opening frame <sil> of the video that we created(2) <sil> it took us {UH} eighty five <sil> takes <sil> to(3) {UH} get it {NOISE} on film {NOISE} to(3) our satisfaction {COUGH} of those {NOISE} eighty five takes <sil> only three {COUGH} actually(3) successfully completed(2) their {NOISE} we destroyed two pianos(2) <sil> and ten televisions in the process <sil> we went to home depot {NOISE} well over a hundred(4) times and(2) we lost one high heeled shoe {COUGH} when(3) {COUGH} one of our {NOISE} engineers heather knight <sil> left her {NOISE} high heeled shoe after a nice dinner {NOISE} and returned back to the build {BREATH} and {UH} left it in a pile of stuff and {UH} another engineer thought well that would be a(2) really(2) good thing to use(2) and(2) {COUGH} ended up <sil> using it as a really(2) nice trigger and {NOISE} it's actually(3) in the machine {SMACK} <sil> so what(2) did we learn from all of <sil> this well {UM} having completed(2) this we {NOISE} have the(2) opportunity to(2) step back and reflect on some of the things {BREATH} and we learned {UH} that <sil> small stuff stinks <sil> little balls {NOISE} in wooden <sil> tracks {BREATH} are really susceptible to(3) {NOISE} humidity and temperature and a little bit of dust {BREATH} and they fall(2) out of the tracks the(2) exact angles makes it hard to <sil> <sil> get(2) right <sil> and {UH} yet <sil> a bowling ball will always follow the same path it doesn't matter what temperature it is <sil> doesn't matter <sil> what's in its way {NOISE} it will pretty much get where(2) it needs to go {BREATH} <sil> but as(3) much as(2) the small stuff stinks we needed somewhere(2) to start so that(2) we would have(2) somewhere to go {BREATH} and so you have(2) to start with it you have(2) to focus(2) on it {BREATH} small stuff stinks <sil> <sil> what(2) else {UH} planning is incredibly important {COUGH} <sil> you know(2) we spent a lot of time <sil> ideating and {COUGH} even building some of these things <sil> it's been(2) said that {UH} no battle plan survives contact with the enemy {UM} i think our enemy was physics <sil> and {UH} she's {COUGH} a(2) {NOISE} cruel(2) mistress {NOISE} {NOISE} often we had to pull things out {UH} as a result because(2) of timing or aesthetics or whatever(2) {BREATH} and so while planning is important so is flexibility {BREATH} these are(2) all things {NOISE} that ended up not making it {BREATH} into the final machine <sil> {NOISE} be showing the video {COUGH} at the(2) end {COUGH} but {BREATH} before we do {UH} i want to talk a little bit about {UM} what it is that they wanted(2) <sil> now {UM} when(3) we first started talking to ok go <sil> the {UH} name of the song is this too shall pass real car {COUGH} near the end of the video the big real car <sil> works every(2) time there's no problem about it the {NOISE} little one(2) had a tendency to try to run off the track and {BREATH} that's a problem {NOISE} but you don't want to have(2) to reset the whole machine because(2) the lego car at the(2) end {SMACK} doesn't(2) work right so you put that up front so that {NOISE} if it fails at least {SMACK} you know(2) <sil> you {NOISE} don't have to reset the whole <sil> thing <sil> can(2) be {COUGH} were(2) incredibly difficult moments in the building of this thing <sil> months were(2) spent in this {SMACK} tiny cold warehouse {BREATH} and {NOISE} the wonderful elation {SMACK} that we this too shall pass <sil> {NOISE} we {COUGH} <sil> the(2) {COUGH} <sil> they've done {NOISE} <sil> we were(2) really excited(2) {COUGH} because(2) they expressed interest in building a machine {SMACK} that they could dance with(2) {BREATH} and we were(2) very excited(2) about this {BREATH} because {COUGH} of {UH} course they have(2) a history <sil> of {UH} dancing with machines {SMACK} <sil> we sort of started talking about what(2) it is that(2) they wanted(3) and they explained that(2) they wanted {UH} kind of a <sil> rube goldberg machine <sil> now {UH} for(2) those of you who don't(2) know(2) {COUGH} a rube goldberg machine {SMACK} is {NOISE} a(2) so we were(2) excited(2) by this idea {COUGH} and we started talking about {COUGH} exactly {COUGH} what {NOISE} it {COUGH} would look like {BREATH} and we {SMACK} came up with(2) some {NOISE} parameters <sil>
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AdamSadowsky
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and(2) i thought to myself <sil> wouldn't it be great {COUGH} if i had my own <sil> dodo skeleton <sil> and(2) so <sil> i {NOISE} want to point out here at this point that(2) {BREATH} my life {UH} obsessed {BREATH} by {NOISE} objects and the stories that(2) they tell {BREATH} and(2) <sil> this was the very latest one(2) so i began looking around(2) for to <sil> see if anyone sold a <sil> some kind of model that i could get {BREATH} and i found lots of reference material {BREATH} lots of lovely pictures {BREATH} no dice {SMACK} no dodo skeleton for me {COUGH} but the(2) damage had been done i had saved a few hundred photos of dodo skeletons <sil> into(2) my creative projects folder <sil> it's a repository for(2) my brain {NOISE} everything that i could possibly be interested in <sil> any time i have an <sil> internet connection {BREATH} there's a sluice of {NOISE} stuff moving into there {COUGH} everything <sil> from(2) {BREATH} beautiful rings to(3) cockpit photos the key that(2) the marquis du lafayette sent to george washington to celebrate the storming of the {NOISE} {NOISE} russian nuclear launch key the one(2) on the top is the picture of the one(2) i found on {NOISE} ebay the one(2) on the bottom is the one i made for(2) myself {BREATH} because(2) i couldn't afford the one(2) on {NOISE} about four years(2) the new yorker published an(2) article(2) about a cache of dodo bones that was found {NOISE} in a {NOISE} pit {COUGH} on the(2) {NOISE} island {UH} of mauritius <sil> now the island of {NOISE} maybe <sil> yeah {NOISE} maybe i could make {NOISE} my own dodo <sil> skull <sil> <sil> i should point out at this time {NOISE} i'm(2) not a sculptor {BREATH} i'm <sil> a {NOISE} hard edged {SMACK} model maker you give me a drawing you give me a prop to replicate you give me a {SMACK} <sil> {UM} something like {COUGH} this my friend mike {UH} murnane sculpted this it's a(2) <sil> maquette for(2) star wars episode two {BREATH} this is not my thing {UH} i {COUGH} this is something other people do dragons soft(2) things <sil> however <sil> i felt like i had {NOISE} looked at enough photos {UH} of {NOISE} dodo skulls {BREATH} to(2) {COUGH} actually(3) be able to(3) {NOISE} understand the topology and perhaps replicate it {BREATH} i mean it couldn't be that difficult <sil> so {COUGH} i started(2) looking at {COUGH} the best photos i could find {BREATH} i grabbed all the reference <sil> and {NOISE} i found this lovely piece of reference this is {UH} someone selling this on {NOISE} ebay {BREATH} it was {UH} a woman's(2) clearly a woman a s hand hopefully a woman's(3) hand <sil> is a small island off the {NOISE} east coast of madagascar {NOISE} in the(2) indian ocean {BREATH} and {NOISE} it {NOISE} is the place {BREATH} where the dodo bird {BREATH} was(2) discovered <sil> as(2) size reference for(2) figuring out exactly how big the beak should be exactly how long {NOISE} et cetera et cetera {BREATH} and over a few hours {UH} i {COUGH} eventually(2) achieved what(2) was actually(4) a pretty {NOISE} reasonable(2) dodo skull and(2) i didn't(3) <sil> mean to continue <sil> i {COUGH} it's kind of like {COUGH} you know(2) you can(2) only clean a super messy room by picking up one thing at a time you can't {SMACK} think about the totality <sil> i wasn't(2) <sil> thinking about a dodo skeleton {BREATH} i just noticed that {COUGH} as i finished this skull the(2) {SMACK} armature wire(2) that(2) i had been(2) used to holding it up {COUGH} {NOISE} was(2) {BREATH} sticking out of the back just where(2) a spine would be and one(2) of the other things i'd been(2) interested in and obsessed with over the(2) years {SMACK} is spines and skeletons having collected a couple of hundred(3) {BREATH} <sil> i {COUGH} actually(3) understood the mechanics {COUGH} of {UH} vertebrae enough to kind of start to(2) <sil> imitate them(2) and so button by button {BREATH} vertebrae by vertebrae <sil> i built my way down <sil> and {UH} actually(4) by the end of the day i had a <sil> reasonable skull {BREATH} a {UH} moderately good {NOISE} vertebrae and half of a pelvis <sil> and(2) again {NOISE} i kept on going(2) {BREATH} looking for(2) more reference <sil> every bit of reference i could find drawings {SMACK} beautiful photos this guy i love this guy he put a dodo leg bones in {NOISE} a scanner with {UH} a ruler <sil> you can(2) see that i even made {COUGH} a(2) {COUGH} museum label for it that(2) includes a brief history(2) of the dodo and tap plastics made me although {NOISE} i didn't(3) photograph it {BREATH} a museum vitrine {NOISE} i don't have(2) the room for(2) this in my house {BREATH} but i had to finish {NOISE} what(2) i had started(2) <sil> and <sil> this <sil> actually(4) represented kind of a sea change to me {COUGH} again like i said my life has been about being fascinated {UH} by objects and the stories that(2) they tell and also {BREATH} making them for(2) myself {UH} obtaining them {UH} appreciating them {BREATH} and(2) {SMACK} extinguished <sil> all within about one(2) hundred and fifty years <sil> everyone was very excited(2) about this {BREATH} archeological find because(2) it meant {NOISE} that {BREATH} they might finally be able to assemble a single dodo skeleton see and(2) diving into them <sil> and {SMACK} in this folder creative projects {SMACK} there are <sil> tons of projects that(2) i'm(2) currently working on projects that i've already(2) worked on things that i might {COUGH} want to work on some day {BREATH} and things that(2) i may just(2) want to find and(2) buy and have(2) {UM} and <sil> and {NOISE} look at and touch {BREATH} {NOISE} but now there was potentially(2) this new category of things that i could sculpt <sil> that(2) was different that(2) {NOISE} i {NOISE} you know(2) i have(2) my own r two d two but that's {NOISE} honestly relative to(3) sculpting to me that's <sil> easy {BREATH} and so i went back and looked {BREATH} through my {NOISE} creative projects folder <sil> and <sil> i happened across {SMACK} the maltese falcon <sil> {COUGH} now this is funny <sil> for(2) me <sil> to(3) fall in love {UH} with an(2) object from a hammett novel because(2) if it's true that the world is divided into two types of people chandler people and(2) hammett people i am absolutely {BREATH} a chandler person but in this case {BREATH} it's not about <sil> it's not about the(2) author it's not about the book or the movie <sil> or the {NOISE} story {NOISE} it's about the object <sil> in and of itself <sil> and {NOISE} in {NOISE} this case {NOISE} this object <sil> is plays on {UH} a host of <sil> <sil> {NOISE} and it is very {NOISE} likely {NOISE} the object from(2) which(2) <sil> hammett drew his inspiration for the maltese falcon {BREATH} then there is the fictional bird {BREATH} the one(2) that hammett created(2) for(2) the book built {UH} out of words {BREATH} it is the(2) {NOISE} engine that(2) drives the plot {UH} of his book {NOISE} and {BREATH} also the movie in which(2) <sil> another object is created(2) a(2) prop that(2) has to <sil> represent the thing that(2) hammett created(2) out of words inspired by the kniphauser hawk {BREATH} and {NOISE} this {NOISE} represents the {NOISE} falcon in the movie and then {BREATH} there is this fourth {UM} level which(2) is while(2) museums all over the world have(2) dodo skeletons in their collection {BREATH} nobody(2) not {COUGH} even the(2) {NOISE} actual <sil> natural history(2) museum {UM} on the(2) island of mauritius has a skeleton that's made from the bones {UH} of a(2) single dodo {UH} <sil> a whole new {NOISE} object in the world {BREATH} the prop made for(2) the movie the {NOISE} representative of the thing {SMACK} becomes <sil> in its {NOISE} own right {BREATH} a whole {NOISE} other thing {NOISE} a(2) {NOISE} whole new {NOISE} object {BREATH} of desire <sil> <sil> and so i contacted <sil> an <sil> antiquarian bookseller <sil> who had the original christie's(3) catalogue and in it i {COUGH} found this magnificent(2) {COUGH} picture {BREATH} which included a size reference <sil> i was able to scan the picture {BREATH} blow it up to(3) exactly full size it was(2) made out of resin which(2) wasn't(2) a common material for(2) movie props about the time the movie was made {SMACK} it's funny to me that(2) it took a while {NOISE} to(3) authenticate it because {NOISE} i <sil> can(2) see it {NOISE} compared to(3) <sil> this thing and i can(2) tell you {SMACK} it's real <sil> it's the real thing it's made from the {UH} exact same <sil> mold that(2) this one is {BREATH} in {NOISE} this one because the(2) auction was actually(4) so controversial profiles in history(2) the(2) auction house that(2) sold this <sil> {NOISE} and <sil> other side elevation so now i had all the topology {BREATH} i needed(2) {BREATH} to replicate the maltese falcon what do they do how do you start something like that <sil> i {COUGH} really(2) don't(2) know(2) {UH} so what(2) i did was <sil> again {BREATH} like i did with the dodo skull i blew {NOISE} all my reference up to full size <sil> isn't exactly true {BREATH} the {COUGH} fact is is that(2) {UH} the british museum {NOISE} had a complete specimen {BREATH} of a dodo {NOISE} in their collection up until the(2) {NOISE} eighteenth century it was actually(2) mummified skin and all <sil> {NOISE} feather by feather <sil> detail(2) by detail(2) {BREATH} i {NOISE} worked out <sil> and <sil> achieved working in front of the television and super sculpey here's(3) me sitting next to my wife {BREATH} it's the(2) <sil> only picture i took of {COUGH} the {UH} entire process {BREATH} as i moved through i achieved <sil> so i went down to my shop <sil> and {NOISE} i {UM} molded(2) it <sil> and i cast it <sil> in {NOISE} resin(2) <sil> i ended up with this <sil> my maltese falcon {BREATH} and <sil> it's {SMACK} beautiful and i can {NOISE} state {NOISE} with authority at this point in time when(3) i'd finished it {BREATH} of {UH} all of the {NOISE} replicas out there and there is a few this is by far the most(2) <sil> accurate <sil> representation of the original maltese falcon than {NOISE} anyone has sculpted {BREATH} now {COUGH} the(2) original one i should tell you is sculpted by a(2) guy named fred sexton this is where(2) it gets weird {UH} <sil> but in a fit {NOISE} of space saving zeal they actually(4) cut off the head and(2) they cut off the feet and they burned the rest <sil> in a bonfire {COUGH} if <sil> you {COUGH} go look at their website today they'll actually(4) list these specimens saying {BREATH} the rest was {SMACK} lost {SMACK} in {NOISE} a(2) fire <sil> the los angeles county museum of art {NOISE} had {NOISE} a(2) plaster {UH} original of the maltese falcon one(2) of the(2) original six plasters i think made for(2) the movie {BREATH} stolen out of the(2) museum a lot of people thought it was a publicity(2) stunt for the movie {BREATH} john's(3) grill {BREATH} which actually(4) is seen briefly in the maltese falcon is still a {UH} viable san francisco {NOISE} eatery {BREATH} counted(4) amongst its regular customers elisha cook {COUGH} who played wilmer cook {SMACK} in the movie {BREATH} and {COUGH} he {NOISE} gave them(2) {BREATH} one of {NOISE} his original plasters of the maltese falcon and they had it in their {NOISE} cabinet {BREATH} for(2) {UH} about fifteen years {BREATH} until <sil> it {NOISE} got stolen in january of two thousand and seven it would seem that the(2) object of desire only comes into its own by disappearing repeatedly {BREATH} so here i had this falcon and it was lovely <sil> it <sil> looked really great {BREATH} it <sil> the {NOISE} light {COUGH} worked on it really well {NOISE} it was better than anything that i could <sil> achieve or obtain {COUGH} out in the world but there was a problem {BREATH} and the {NOISE} problem was was that the(2) entirety of the(2) object i wanted(2) the weight {BREATH} behind the(2) object {BREATH} this thing was made of {SMACK} resin(2) and it was too light <sil> {NOISE} there's this group online {NOISE} that i <sil> frequent(2) it's a <sil> group of {SMACK} prop crazies just like me called the replica props forum and it's people who trade {BREATH} make <sil> and travel in information(2) about movie props {BREATH} and it turned out that(2) one of the guys there {BREATH} a friend of mine that {NOISE} i {NOISE} never actually(2) met but befriended through some prop deals {BREATH} was the manager of a local foundry he took my master falcon pattern {BREATH} he actually(3) {NOISE} did <sil> lost wax casting in bronze for(2) me {SMACK} and this is the bronze i got back {BREATH} and this is after some acid etching the one(2) that i ended up with {BREATH} and this thing <sil> it's deeply deeply satisfying <sil> to me {SMACK} here i'm going {COUGH} to {BREATH} i going to put it out there {BREATH} later on tonight {SMACK} and you can(2) {UM} a {UH} i {COUGH} want(2) {NOISE} you to(2) {COUGH} pick it <sil> not quite the whole truth <sil> anyway <sil> the frontispiece <sil> of this article was this photo {BREATH} and i'm(2) one(2) of the people that(2) thinks that(2) tina brown <sil> was great {COUGH} for(2) bringing photos to the new yorker because(2) this photo <sil> yeah <sil> i {NOISE} there you {COUGH} can(2) {COUGH} see it's weighing in {COUGH} at {UH} twenty seven and(2) a half pounds {BREATH} that's half {BREATH} the weight of my dog {COUGH} huxley <sil> but there's a problem {COUGH} now {UH} <sil> here's(3) {NOISE} the {UM} most(2) {NOISE} recent progression {UH} of {UH} falcons on the far left is a piece of crap a {BREATH} replica i bought on {NOISE} ebay there's my {NOISE} somewhat(2) {UM} ruined(2) sculpey falcon because(2) {NOISE} i had to get it back out of the mold there's my first casting {BREATH} there's my master and there's {NOISE} my bronze <sil> that(2) happens when(2) you mold and cast things which is that(2) every(2) time you throw it into silicone and cast it in resin you {NOISE} lose a little bit of volume {NOISE} you lose a little bit of size {BREATH} and when(3) i held {COUGH} my bronze one {UH} up against my sculpey one(2) it was shorter by three quarters of an inch <sil> why(2) didn't i {COUGH} remember this why didn't(4) i start and make it bigger <sil> so {UH} what do i do i figure i have(2) two options <sil> one and blown this up big enough <sil> to(3) {NOISE} make a three d lithography {BREATH} master of this which(2) i will polish {BREATH} then i will send to(3) the(2) mold maker and then i will have(2) it done in bronze {NOISE} there are several people who own originals <sil> and i have(2) been(2) attempting to contact them(2) and reach them(2) {BREATH} hoping that they will let me spend few minutes in the presence of one(2) of the real birds maybe to take a picture or even to pull {NOISE} out {COUGH} the hand held {UH} laser scanner that i happen to {UH} own that(2) fits inside a cereal box <sil> and(2) could maybe without even touching their bird i swear {COUGH} get a {COUGH} perfect(2) three d scan and i'm(2) even willing to(2) sign pages saying that(2) i'll never let anyone else have(2) it except for(2) me in my office i promise i'll give them(2) one if they want it {BREATH} and completely rocked my world <sil> i {UM} became obsessed with the(2) object {NOISE} not just(2) the <sil> beautiful photograph itself and(2) the color the shallow depth of field the detail(2) that's visible {BREATH} the wire you can(2) see on the beak there that(2) the conservator used to put this skeleton together {BREATH} there's an(2) entire story here <sil> <sil> then maybe then {NOISE} i'll achieve the(2) end of this <sil> exercise but <sil> really(2) if we're all going to be honest with ourselves i have(2) to admit that(2) achieving the end of the(2) exercise was never the point of the(2) exercise to begin with {SMACK} was(2) it
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AdamSavage
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but diagnosing a brain disorder <sil> without actually(2) {NOISE} looking {NOISE} at <sil> the brain is analogous to {SMACK} treating {UH} a patient with a heart {UH} problem based on their physical symptoms without(2) {BREATH} even <sil> doing an {NOISE} ecg {NOISE} or(2) a chest x ray {SMACK} to(2) {NOISE} look at the heart {SMACK} <sil> it seemed <sil> so intuitive {SMACK} to me {BREATH} to(3) <sil> diagnose and(2) treat <sil> a brain disorder {UH} accurately <sil> it would be necessary <sil> to(2) {NOISE} look at <sil> the brain directly(2) {BREATH} <sil> {NOISE} looking at behavior alone <sil> can miss {SMACK} a vital <sil> piece of {SMACK} the puzzle {SMACK} and provide <sil> an <sil> incomplete or even a misleading picture {UH} of {SMACK} the child's(2) problems <sil> {NOISE} yet despite {UH} all {NOISE} the(2) advances(2) in medical(2) technology {BREATH} the diagnosis <sil> of brain disorders {NOISE} in <sil> one {NOISE} in six children <sil> still <sil> remained <sil> so {NOISE} limited(2) {SMACK} and(2) then i {NOISE} came across <sil> a team at {NOISE} harvard university <sil> that had taken one(2) such <sil> advanced medical(2) technology and finally {BREATH} applied it {SMACK} instead of <sil> in brain {NOISE} research {SMACK} towards(2) {SMACK} diagnosing brain disorders in children {SMACK} <sil> their groundbreaking technology {BREATH} records(3) the(2) {NOISE} eeg {NOISE} or the(2) <sil> electrical activity(2) {NOISE} of {SMACK} the brain <sil> in <sil> real time {SMACK} <sil> {NOISE} when(3) i {NOISE} was(2) ten years(2) old {BREATH} a(2) {UM} cousin of mine {COUGH} took me {NOISE} on a(2) {COUGH} tour {UH} of his medical(2) school <sil> allowing us to <sil> watch the brain <sil> as it performs various functions {BREATH} and then detect {NOISE} even the slightest abnormality <sil> in <sil> any of {SMACK} these functions vision <sil> attention {NOISE} language(2) {NOISE} a program called {NOISE} brain <sil> electrical {NOISE} activity(2) mapping {BREATH} then {NOISE} triangulates the source <sil> of {SMACK} that <sil> abnormality in the brain {BREATH} {COUGH} and another program called <sil> statistical probability mapping {BREATH} then {BREATH} performs mathematical calculations to determine(2) whether(2) <sil> any of these <sil> abnormalities are <sil> clinically(2) significant(2) {BREATH} allowing us to provide a much more <sil> accurate {BREATH} neurological diagnosis {SMACK} of the child's(3) symptoms {BREATH} and so i became the head of <sil> neurophysiology {BREATH} for(2) the clinical(2) {UM} arm {NOISE} of <sil> this team {SMACK} <sil> <sil> like to(2) tell you about one such child {SMACK} whose story was(2) also covered {UH} by {NOISE} abc {NOISE} news(2) <sil> seven year old justin(2) senigar <sil> and(2) as(2) a special {UH} treat {SMACK} he took me to the pathology lab {BREATH} and took <sil> a {NOISE} real human brain {BREATH} out of <sil> the jar <sil> and placed it in my hands {SMACK} <sil> came <sil> to(3) our clinic with this diagnosis {SMACK} of very severe autism {BREATH} like many autistic children {COUGH} his mind <sil> was <sil> locked <sil> inside his <sil> body {BREATH} there were(2) moments when(2) he would actually(4) space out {SMACK} for(2) seconds(2) at a time {BREATH} and the doctors told his parents {BREATH} he was(2) never going(2) to(2) be able to communicate {UH} or <sil> interact(2) socially {BREATH} and he would probably never have(2) too much language {SMACK} <sil> {NOISE} when(3) we used this groundbreaking {NOISE} eeg {NOISE} technology <sil> to(3) actually(4) {NOISE} look {SMACK} at justin(2)'s(2) <sil> brain <sil> the results were(2) startling <sil> <sil> it turned out that(2) justin(2) was almost certainly <sil> not <sil> autistic {BREATH} he was(2) suffering <sil> from {NOISE} brain seizures {SMACK} <sil> that(2) were(2) impossible to see with the naked eye {SMACK} but that were(2) actually(2) {SMACK} causing(2) symptoms {SMACK} that mimicked {SMACK} those of {NOISE} autism {SMACK} <sil> after justin(2) was given(2) anti(2) seizure medication <sil> the change in him {UH} was <sil> amazing {BREATH} within a period of sixty days {SMACK} his vocabulary went from two to three words {SMACK} to(3) three hundred(3) <sil> words {SMACK} <sil> <sil> and(2) his(2) communication and social interaction(2) were(2) improved so dramatically(2) {BREATH} that he was enrolled {BREATH} in {NOISE} a regular(2) school {BREATH} and even became {BREATH} a karate superchamp {BREATH} <sil> research shows {NOISE} that fifty percent <sil> of children {UH} almost fifty percent of children diagnosed with autism <sil> are actually(2) suffering <sil> from hidden {SMACK} brain seizures {SMACK} <sil> these {UM} are(2) the faces(2) <sil> of the children that <sil> i have(2) tested(2) {SMACK} with stories <sil> just <sil> like justin(2) <sil> all {NOISE} these children {BREATH} <sil> <sil> and there it was(3) <sil> the(2) <sil> seat of human consciousness <sil> the <sil> powerhouse of the(2) human body <sil> sitting <sil> in my hands {BREATH} came to(3) our clinic <sil> with a diagnosis of <sil> autism <sil> attention deficit disorder {BREATH} mental retardation {COUGH} language(2) problems {BREATH} instead scans <sil> revealed <sil> very {NOISE} specific(2) problems hidden within their brains <sil> that couldn't(2) <sil> possibly have(2) been(3) detected(2) <sil> by their {UH} behavioral(2) <sil> assessments {BREATH} so these eeg {NOISE} scans {SMACK} enabled(2) us to provide these children with a much more {NOISE} accurate <sil> neurological diagnosis {BREATH} and much more targeted {SMACK} treatment {SMACK} <sil> for(2) too {NOISE} long now <sil> children with developmental(2) disorders {SMACK} have(2) suffered from misdiagnosis {SMACK} while {NOISE} their {COUGH} real problems have(2) gone <sil> undetected <sil> and left to {UH} <sil> and(2) for(2) too long these children <sil> and(2) their <sil> parents have(3) suffered <sil> undue frustration <sil> and(2) desperation <sil> <sil> but we are now {UH} in a(2) new(2) {NOISE} era(2) {UH} of neuroscience {BREATH} one in which(2) we can(2) finally {NOISE} look <sil> directly(2) <sil> at {SMACK} brain function <sil> in real time <sil> with {SMACK} no risks and no side effects <sil> non invasively {BREATH} and find the <sil> true source <sil> of so many disabilities(2) <sil> in children <sil> <sil> so if i {NOISE} could inspire {NOISE} even <sil> a fraction of you in the(2) audience(2) today {SMACK} to share {NOISE} this pioneering <sil> diagnostic approach {SMACK} with even <sil> one <sil> parent whose child is suffering(2) {BREATH} from(2) a developmental(2) disorder then <sil> perhaps {NOISE} one more puzzle in one more brain will be solved <sil> one more mind {SMACK} will be unlocked {SMACK} and one more child who has been(3) misdiagnosed or even <sil> undiagnosed by the system <sil> and(2) that {NOISE} day i knew(2) <sil> that when(3) i {UH} grew up {BREATH} i was(2) going(2) to become {BREATH} a brain doctor(2) {NOISE} scientist something or the other <sil> will(2) finally realize his or her {UH} true potential {BREATH} while {NOISE} there's still {NOISE} time {BREATH} for(2) his or her brain to recover {BREATH} and <sil> all {COUGH} this <sil> by simply watching <sil> the child's(3) <sil> brainwaves {SMACK} thank you {SMACK} <sil> years later when(3) i <sil> finally <sil> grew up {BREATH} my dream came true {SMACK} and it was while(2) i was doing my ph d on the neurological causes(2) <sil> <sil> of dyslexia in children that i encountered(2) <sil> a(2) {NOISE} startling fact that i'd like to share with you all {NOISE} today <sil> <sil> it is <sil> estimated(2) <sil> that {UM} one {NOISE} in six children that's one {NOISE} in <sil> six children {SMACK} suffer {UH} from some {SMACK} developmental(2) disorder <sil> <sil> {NOISE} this is a disorder {BREATH} that {NOISE} retards <sil> mental development {NOISE} in the child and causes <sil> permanent {SMACK} mental {NOISE} impairments {BREATH} which(2) means that {NOISE} each and every(2) one of you here today knows at least one(2) child {COUGH} that(2) is suffering(2) {BREATH} from a developmental(2) <sil> disorder {UH} <sil> <sil> but here's(3) what really perplexed me <sil> despite {UH} the fact that(2) {UH} each <sil> and {NOISE} every one {COUGH} these disorders <sil> originates <sil> in the brain {BREATH} <sil> most(2) of {SMACK} these disorders {BREATH} are diagnosed <sil> solely {UH} on the basis(2) {SMACK} of <sil> observable behavior <sil> <sil>
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AditiShankardass
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for(2) better {NOISE} or(2) worse we kids aren't hampered as(3) much when(3) it comes to thinking about reasons why not to do things {BREATH} kids can be <sil> full of inspiring aspirations and(2) hopeful thinking <sil> {NOISE} like {NOISE} my wish that no one(2) went hungry {BREATH} or that(2) everything were(2) free <sil> kind of utopia {SMACK} how many of you still dream like <sil> that and believe in the possibilities <sil> <sil> on the {UM} other hand {BREATH} we <sil> kids still dream about perfection {BREATH} and that's a good thing <sil> because(2) in order to(2) make {NOISE} anything a reality {BREATH} you have(2) to dream about it first {NOISE} <sil> in many ways {NOISE} our {NOISE} audacity to(3) imagine helps push the boundaries of possibility {BREATH} for(2) instance the museum of glass in tacoma washington my {NOISE} home state yoohoo washington {NOISE} now i want to(2) start with a question(2) when(4) was(2) the last(2) time you were(2) called childish {SMACK} for(2) {SMACK} kids like me being called childish {BREATH} can be a frequent(2) <sil> occurrence <sil> our inherent wisdom doesn't <sil> have(2) to be insiders knowledge(2) {BREATH} kids already do a lot of learning from adults(2) <sil> teachers and(2) students and i like this analogy {BREATH} it shouldn't just be a {NOISE} teacher at the head of the classroom telling students do this do that {BREATH} the {NOISE} students {BREATH} should teach their teachers {BREATH} <sil> <sil> learning between grown ups and kids should be reciprocal {BREATH} the reality unfortunately is a little {NOISE} different(2) <sil> and it has a lot to do with(2) trust {SMACK} or a lack of it <sil> don't(2) trust someone you place restrictions on them right {BREATH} if i doubt my older sister's(3) ability to pay back <sil> the ten percent interest(5) {NOISE} i established on her last loan {COUGH} i'm going to(3) withhold her ability {BREATH} to(2) get more money <sil> from(2) me until she {COUGH} pays it {COUGH} back {COUGH} {NOISE} true story by the way <sil> <sil> <sil> to(3) have(2) a prevalently restrictive {NOISE} attitude towards(2) {SMACK} kids from every {BREATH} don't do that don't do this in the school handbook {BREATH} to(2) restrictions on school internet use {SMACK} <sil> as(2) history points out regimes become <sil> oppressive when(3) they're fearful about keeping control {BREATH} and although adults(2) may not be quite at the level of totalitarian regimes kids {NOISE} have(2) no or very little say in making the rules {BREATH} when really the attitude should be reciprocal meaning {BREATH} that <sil> the(2) adult(2) population should learn <sil> and take into(2) account the wishes <sil> of the younger population {SMACK} <sil> now what's(2) {NOISE} even worse than(2) restriction {NOISE} is that adults often(2) {NOISE} underestimate(2) {SMACK} kids abilities {BREATH} we love challenges {BREATH} but when(3) expectations are low {UH} trust me we will sink to them <sil> to write from(2) the(2) <sil> age of four <sil> and when(3) i was(2) six my mom bought me my {UH} own laptop <sil> equipped with(2) {SMACK} microsoft word thank {SMACK} you bill gates and thank {NOISE} you ma {NOISE} i wrote over <sil> three hundred short stories on that little laptop {BREATH} and {NOISE} i {NOISE} wanted(2) to(2) {NOISE} get published {NOISE} <sil> many publishers were(2) not quite {NOISE} so encouraging(2) {BREATH} one large children's(3) publisher ironically saying that(2) they didn't(2) work with(2) {NOISE} children {SMACK} <sil> we are called childish <sil> which(2) really bothers me {NOISE} after all take a look at these events {SMACK} imperialism and colonization {BREATH} <sil> and(2) from there on {NOISE} it's gone to speaking at hundreds of schools keynoting to thousands(2) of educators {BREATH} and finally today {BREATH} speaking to you {BREATH} i {NOISE} appreciate your(2) attention today <sil> because(2) to(2) show that(2) you truly care {BREATH} you listen <sil> but {BREATH} <sil> {NOISE} just(2) like {NOISE} you <sil> really(2) {BREATH} the goal is not to turn kids into your(2) kind of adult(2) <sil> but rather better adults(2) {SMACK} than(2) you have been(2) which(2) may be a little challenging considering your(2) guys credentials(2) {BREATH} no matter your(2) position of place {NOISE} in life {SMACK} it is imperative {SMACK} to create opportunities for(2) children {BREATH} so that we can grow up {SMACK} to blow you away {SMACK} <sil> because(2) we {NOISE} are the leaders <sil> of tomorrow <sil> which(2) means we're going to be taking care of you when(3) <sil> you're old and(2) {NOISE} senile <sil> no just kidding <sil> world <sil> wars <sil> george w bush {NOISE} ask yourself(2) who {NOISE}'s(3) responsible <sil> {NOISE} really we are {NOISE} going(2) to(2) be the next generation the ones {SMACK} who will bring this world forward {BREATH} and in case you don't think that(2) this really(2) has meaning for(2) you <sil> {UH} now {COUGH} the world <sil> needs opportunities {BREATH} for <sil> new(2) leaders {SMACK} and new(2) ideas <sil> kids need opportunities <sil> to lead(2) {SMACK} and succeed <sil> {COUGH} what(2) have kids {NOISE} <sil> {NOISE} frank touched millions with(2) her powerful account of the holocaust {BREATH} ruby bridges(2) helped {NOISE} end segregation in the(2) united(2) states {BREATH} and <sil> most(2) recently charlie simpson <sil> to raise one hundred(3) and twenty thousand(2) pounds for haiti {BREATH} on his <sil> little <sil> bike <sil> so as(2) you can see evidenced by such examples <sil> age has {NOISE} absolutely nothing to do with(2) it <sil> the traits the word childish addresses(2) are seen so often(2) in adults(2) {BREATH} that we should abolish this <sil> age discriminatory word when(3) it comes to criticizing behavior {BREATH} associated(2) <sil> with irresponsibility {NOISE} say that(2) certain types of irrational <sil> thinking <sil> <sil> exactly what the world needs {BREATH} maybe you've {NOISE} had grand plans before <sil> but stopped yourself(2) <sil> thinking {SMACK} that's impossible or(2) that costs too much or(2) that won't benefit me <sil>
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AdoraSvitak
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i stand in these legs {COUGH} my {COUGH} hamstring and my <sil> glutes are contracted as(3) {COUGH} i {NOISE} would be had i had <sil> feet and were(2) standing on the ball of my {UM} feet <sil> it's a company in <sil> san diego called <sil> flex foot <sil> and i was(2) a(2) {NOISE} guinea pig <sil> and {UH} as i hope to continue to be in {COUGH} every(2) new(2) {NOISE} form of {UH} prosthetic <sil> limbs that come out <sil> {UH} but {NOISE} actually(4) these like i said are still the(2) actual(2) prototype i need to get some new ones because(2) <sil> the last(2) so these are(2) the sprint legs and i can(2) <sil> put my other <sil> <sil> {NOISE} your(2) mobility <sil> or {COUGH} you know(2) <sil> even fashion i {COUGH} mean i love the <sil> fact that i can(2) go in anywhere and {COUGH} pick out what i want and <sil> the shoes i want the {COUGH} skirts i want {COUGH} <sil> i'm {NOISE} hoping to try to {COUGH} bring <sil> these {NOISE} over here and make <sil> them {COUGH} accessible to {UH} a lot of people {BREATH} <sil> they're also {COUGH} silicon <sil> this is like a really <sil> basic <sil> basic <sil> prosthetic limb under(2) here {COUGH} it's like a barbie <sil> i mean {NOISE} it's just(2) {NOISE} stuck in this position <sil> so i {NOISE} have(2) <sil> to wear a two inch heel <sil> and {UH} i mean it's really {NOISE} it {UH} <sil> you can see it but {UH} like it really is there's veins <sil> on the feet <sil> and then my {COUGH} heel's(2) <sil> like <sil> pink <sil> you know(2) and {COUGH} my achilles <sil> tendon <sil> that(2) moves a little bit <sil> and {COUGH} it's {NOISE} really an amazing sort you know(2) <sil> that(2) <sil> they <sil> do these {COUGH} track <sil> meets with all disabled runners and i {COUGH} figured <sil> oh {COUGH} i don't know(2) about <sil> this {COUGH} but {NOISE} before i judge it <sil> let {UH} me go see what(2) it's all about {UH} so i {UM} booked myself a flight to <sil> boston in ninety <sil> five {COUGH} a(2) year and(2) two weeks ago <sil> and {COUGH} this is just a silicon {COUGH} piece of skin <sil> i {COUGH} mean {UH} what(2) {NOISE} happened was(2) two years(2) ago this man in <sil> belgium was(2) <sil> saying <sil> you know(2) {NOISE} god if i can(2) go to(2) madame tussauds wax <sil> museum and see <sil> {NOISE} we {COUGH} ha {COUGH} luckily {NOISE} the hotel was terrific they got <sil> these legs are(2) {UH} great i'm(2) doing {COUGH} i'm {NOISE} actually(4) going(2) back in a couple of weeks <sil> to(2) {COUGH} get some {COUGH} improvements i want to get legs like <sil> these made for(2) <sil> <sil> for(2) me <sil> panting and heaving {NOISE} and {UM} i <sil> had these legs that were(2) made of like a wood and <sil> plastic <sil> compound <sil> <sil> {NOISE} this {COUGH} and(2) know(2) what(2) i was expecting but {COUGH} you know(2) when(3) i {NOISE} saw {COUGH} a {UM} man {COUGH} who was(2) missing an {SMACK} entire leg <sil> go up to the high {NOISE} jump hop <sil> on one(2) leg to(2) the high jump and clear it at <sil> six feet <sil> two inches(2) {COUGH} dan o'brien jumped five eleven in ninety six in atlanta {COUGH} <sil> i {NOISE} mean if it just(2) gives you a(2) <sil> comparison of {COUGH} these are(2) {COUGH} you know(2) truly accomplished {COUGH} athletes <sil> without qualifying that word {COUGH} athlete {COUGH} and so i decided to(2) give this {NOISE} a(2) shot <sil> and {UH} don't have(2) <sil> any {NOISE} skill or(2) <sil> finesse <sil> going down that track {NOISE} you were(2) {UH} all over the(2) place {COUGH} we all <sil> saw {COUGH} how hard you were(2) working {NOISE} and {COUGH} so i decided to(2) <sil> call the <sil> track <sil> coach {NOISE} at georgetown and(2) {COUGH} i {NOISE} thank god i didn't(3) know(2) <sil> just(2) how {COUGH} huge this man is in the track and field world he's(3) coached <sil> thought we'd just(2) {COUGH} talk a little bit <sil> and(2) {COUGH} you know(2) the man's(3) office is {COUGH} lined from floor to {COUGH} ceiling with(2) <sil> all {NOISE} ran one(2) {COUGH} race and <sil> i {NOISE} i wanted her to <sil> tell {UH} all of you {COUGH} what makes her a distinctive athlete well we should <sil> meet <sil> first before we decide anything you know he(2)'s(3) <sil> thinking <sil> what(2) am i <sil> getting(2) {NOISE} myself into(2) <sil> so i met <sil> these <sil> posters {COUGH} and {UH} magazine covers of <sil> people he(2) {SMACK}'s(2) coached {COUGH} and we sat and(2) we got <sil> talking and it <sil> turned out to be a great partnership because(2) {COUGH} he'd never coached a disabled athlete so therefore he(2) had no <sil> <sil> {COUGH} on this trip <sil> so {UM} he <sil> started giving me {COUGH} four days a week of his lunch <sil> break {COUGH} his(2) {UM} free time that i would {UH} come up to the track and {NOISE} train with him(2) {COUGH} so {COUGH} that's how i met {COUGH} frank {COUGH} that was fall of {COUGH} ninety five and then {COUGH} by the winter rolling around(2) he said {COUGH} you know(2) you're(2) {COUGH} good {NOISE} enough <sil> you can(2) run <sil> on our women's(2) track <sil> team here {COUGH} and {COUGH} i said {COUGH} no {COUGH} come {COUGH} those of you who have(2) {COUGH} seen the <sil> picture in the <sil> little {UM} bio it might have <sil> given it away <sil> i'm(2) {COUGH} a double amputee <sil> why(2) don't(2) you tell them <sil> like <sil> on your(2) way to the olympics {COUGH} but {COUGH} a {UM} couple of memorable events happened at <sil> georgetown why(2) don't(2) you just(2) tell well {COUGH} you know(2) <sil> i'd {NOISE} won everything <sil> as(3) far as(3) the disabled meets everything i competed in <sil> i was <sil> born without(2) <sil> fibulas {COUGH} in both legs <sil> i was amputated at age one(2) {COUGH} and i've been {COUGH} running like hell {NOISE} better than you <sil> and {UH} i {COUGH} went {NOISE} out {COUGH} there {COUGH} and <sil> made it to the <sil> big {NOISE} east which {COUGH} was(2) {UH} sort {NOISE} of the championship <sil> race <sil> {NOISE} and(2) {COUGH} really really hot and it's the first {NOISE} i had <sil> just gotten these <sil> new(2) <sil> sprinting legs that(2) you see in {COUGH} that <sil> bio and {UM} {NOISE} i {COUGH} didn't(2) realize at that <sil> time that {COUGH} you know(2) the(2) amount of sweating that i would be doing in the {COUGH} sock it actually(4) {COUGH} acted(2) like a lubricant <sil> and i'd be <sil> kind <sil> of pistoning in the socket {COUGH} and {UM} at about eighty five meters of my one(2) hundred meters sprint <sil> in all my glory {COUGH} i <sil> came out of my leg {UM} like {NOISE} i almost came {UM} out of it <sil> in front of like <sil> five thousand <sil> people {COUGH} i {UH} i mean just(2) mortified {NOISE} and {COUGH} because(2) i was signed up for(2) the two hundred {NOISE} <sil> a(2) {COUGH} there's no way i'm(2) going {NOISE} two hundred meters {COUGH} and he just sat <sil> there <sil> and {UH} you <sil> know(2) my pleas {NOISE} fell on {UH} deaf ears <sil> thank god {COUGH} because(2) he {COUGH} was(2) like you {COUGH} know(2) {COUGH} the man's(2) from <sil> brooklyn {NOISE} he <sil>'s(3) a big {COUGH} <sil> <sil> i {COUGH} <sil> the(2) {UH} two years you've been running {SMACK} am no {UH} a year cheryl <sil> a(2) year {NOISE} and <sil> why don't(2) you tell them what happened <sil> right before(2) you {COUGH} go run your(2) race {NOISE} am {COUGH} okay {NOISE} well <sil> <sil> atlanta {UM} the paralympics {NOISE} just <sil> for(2) {UH} a <sil> little bit of clarification <sil> are the(2) olympics <sil> for(2) people with <sil> physical {UH} <sil> here {NOISE} we are like {COUGH} a week after the(2) olympics {BREATH} and <sil> down at atlanta {COUGH} and {NOISE} i'm(2) just(2) blown away by the <sil> fact <sil> that(2) <sil> you know(2) a(2) <sil> year ago i got out on(2) a gravel track and {COUGH} couldn't(2) run fifty meters {COUGH} and so here i am never lost {NOISE} i {NOISE} set new(2) <sil> records(2) at {NOISE} the u s nationals the olympic trials that may <sil> and(2) {COUGH} was(2) just {COUGH} you know(2) {UM} sure {NOISE} that i was <sil> coming home with <sil> the gold <sil> i was also the {COUGH} only <sil> planar <sil> foot <sil> so we {COUGH} can't get off on the springboard i {NOISE} said <sil> well i just(2) <sil> did it no one(2) told me that <sil> so {COUGH} it's <sil> funny i'm(2) three inches(2) {SMACK} within the world record(2) <sil> and {NOISE} kept on(2) from that <sil> point you know(2) so {UH} i'm(2) {UM} signed up in the long jump <sil> signed up <sil> no i made it <sil> for(2) the long jump and {COUGH} the(2) {UM} one(2) hundred meter <sil> and {COUGH} i'm sure of it you know(2) {NOISE} i made the front page of my hometown paper that i delivered <sil> for(2) six <sil> years you know(2) it was(2) like {NOISE} this {COUGH} is {NOISE} my <sil> time for(2) <sil> {UM} i was the first person in the world on(2) these legs i was the(2) guinea pig <sil> and {UH} what(2) kind of <sil> you know(2) who'm i running against here {UM} oh aimee we'll have(2) <sil> to(2) get(2) back to you on(2) that one(2) {COUGH} i wanted to find out <sil> times <sil> don't worry you're(2) <sil> you know(2) <sil> you're {COUGH} doing {UH} great <sil> this is <sil> twenty minutes before my {NOISE} <sil> <sil> students {COUGH} out of the nation {COUGH} every(2) year {COUGH} to {COUGH} get involved in international affairs and <sil> so {UH} i {COUGH} won a full ride <sil> to {COUGH} georgetown {NOISE} <sil> <sil> looking <sil> the next {COUGH} lane {COUGH} lane two {NOISE} is <sil> twelve <sil> point eight <sil> lane three is <sil> twelve <sil> point <sil> five {NOISE} {NOISE} which(2) <sil> one(2) of these is not {UM} like <sil> the(2) other {NOISE} <sil> five golds {COUGH} when i skied {COUGH} and everything i {COUGH} came in <sil> first <sil> and georgetown you know(2) that was great <sil> i was {COUGH} losing <sil> but <sil> it was the best training <sil> because(2) this was(2) atlanta(3) <sil> {UH} oh {NOISE} my god my whole family(3) {NOISE} you know(2) <sil> got in a van and drove {NOISE} down here from pennsylvania and {COUGH} you know(2) i was(2) the(2) only {SMACK} female {UH} u s sprinter <sil> so {UH} you know(2) they call us out <sil> and(2) you have one(2) {COUGH} minute(3) {COUGH} and {UH} when(3) {COUGH} i was(2) putting my {UH} blocks in my last <sil> card to play here is at least {NOISE} you know(2) if i'm(2) not going to beat these <sil> girls {NOISE} i'm(2) {NOISE} going {NOISE} to {NOISE} and {COUGH} i've {COUGH} been there for(2) {COUGH} four years(2) <sil> love it {COUGH} the rocky iv {NOISE} sensation of me versus(2) <sil> germany and <sil> you know(2) {NOISE} everyone else {NOISE} estonia and <sil> poland was in <sil> this {SMACK} heat <sil> and {COUGH} you know(2) the gun went off {COUGH} and {UM} you know(2) <sil> finishing <sil> last(2) {COUGH} and {COUGH} you know(2) {UH} fighting {NOISE} back tears(2) of <sil> frustration and {NOISE} aimee got <sil> there she decided <sil> that {UM} she's(3) kind of <sil> curious about track and <sil> field {COUGH} so she decided to call someone and start asking about it so why(2) don't(2) you tell i became a {UH} collegiate {NOISE} athlete {COUGH} you know(2) i became(2) an {COUGH} olympic athlete <sil> and {UM} it made me really think about how <sil> you know(2) the(2) achievement was {NOISE} getting there i mean the fact that(2) i set my {NOISE} sight <sil> just(2) a year and three months before that {UM} know(2) {UH} and their patience {SMACK} you {BREATH} know(2) <sil> to deal {NOISE} with <sil> me {COUGH} and {NOISE} that was <sil> like <sil> this collective glory that(2) <sil> there was {COUGH} you know(2) fifty people {COUGH} behind me <sil> that <sil> had {COUGH} joined in this incredible experience of going(2) to atlanta {COUGH} so i mean it's(2) <sil> i <sil> apply this sort of philosophy now to everything i {NOISE} do {UH} about <sil> like <sil> this you know(2) {COUGH} sitting back and realizing(2) the <sil> progression like {COUGH} how {BREATH} far you've {SMACK} come at <sil> this <sil> day {COUGH} to {NOISE} this goal it's <sil> important to focus on(2) a goal <sil> i think but {COUGH} you know(2) {UM} also recognize the <sil> progression on the way there and(2) how <sil> you've grown as(2) a person <sil> you know(2) {COUGH} that's <sil> the <sil> achievement {COUGH} i think {COUGH} that's the <sil> these are my {COUGH} cosmetic legs {COUGH} actually(3) {COUGH} and {COUGH} they're {COUGH} absolutely {COUGH} beautiful <sil> to(2) come up and(2) see them there {NOISE} are(2) {COUGH} hair follicles on {UH} them and <sil> i can(2) paint my toenails and {NOISE} <sil> {NOISE} ewing who {UH} played {COUGH} for(2) georgetown in the(2) eighties <sil> comes back <sil> every(2) summer {COUGH} and {UH} i had {UM} incessant <sil> fun {COUGH} making fun of {UH} him(2) in the training room <sil> because(2) he'd come in with <sil> {COUGH} he(2) as(2) {UH} i did anyway <sil> okay {NOISE} now {NOISE} these are my sprinting legs <sil> made of carbon graphite {NOISE} <sil> <sil> i {COUGH} said {NOISE} <sil> {NOISE} got {NOISE} <sil> {NOISE} different <sil> height am <sil> in these {COUGH} cheryl in {UH} these {COUGH} am {COUGH} i don't {NOISE} know(2) i {NOISE} don't {UH} think {BREATH} <sil> really {COUGH} stand {COUGH} on these legs {COUGH} she has to be moving <sil> <sil> {UM} silicon {NOISE} sock <sil> and <sil> so {UH} i {UH} run on these {UM} and {UH} and {COUGH} i'd {COUGH} never competed on {UM} a disabled <sil> level you know(2) {NOISE} i'd always competed against other {NOISE} able bodied athletes that's all i'd ever known in {NOISE} fact <sil> i'd never even met {COUGH} another amputee until i was(2) {COUGH} seventeen <sil> and {UM} i {COUGH} heard and {SMACK} other things that(2) <sil> i <sil> don't aren't(2) familiar with(2) {BREATH} and then one(2) eight year old said <sil> hey {UM} why wouldn't you want {UH} to {NOISE} <sil> <sil> and(2) {NOISE} the whole room including me was like <sil> yeah {BREATH} <sil> i went from(2) being a woman {BREATH} that these kids would have been trained {SMACK} to see {BREATH} as disabled {BREATH} <sil> to(3) {NOISE} somebody <sil> that(2) had potential that their bodies didn't have(2) yet {SMACK} somebody(2) that might even be super abled <sil> speaking to a group of about three hundred kids {BREATH} ages(2) six to(2) {NOISE} eight {NOISE} at a children's(3) museum {SMACK} and {NOISE} i brought with me {NOISE} a bag full of legs similar to the kinds of things you see up here and had them laid out on a table {BREATH} some of you <sil> actually(3) saw me <sil> at ted eleven years(2) ago {BREATH} and {UH} a lot of talk about how {NOISE} life changing this conference is <sil> for(2) both speakers and {SMACK} attendees and(2) i am no exception <sil> ted {NOISE} literally {BREATH} was the launch pad <sil> to the next {NOISE} decade of my life's(2) exploration(2) <sil> at the time {NOISE} the legs i presented(4) were(2) groundbreaking in prosthetics {BREATH} i had woven carbon fiber sprinting legs modeled after the hind leg of a cheetah {UH} which(2) you may have seen <sil> on stage yesterday <sil> <sil> and {UM} also these {BREATH} very life like <sil> intrinsically(2) painted(4) {SMACK} silicone legs <sil> so <sil> at the time it was my opportunity {SMACK} to put {COUGH} a call out to(2) {NOISE} innovators <sil> outside {SMACK} the traditional {NOISE} medical prosthetic community <sil> to come bring their talent to the science {SMACK} and to the {UH} art {BREATH} <sil> of building legs <sil> so {SMACK} that we can stop compartmentalizing <sil> form <sil> function {BREATH} and aesthetic {BREATH} and assigning them(2) different values {SMACK} <sil> {NOISE} well <sil> lucky for(2) me {BREATH} a lot of people answered that call {BREATH} and(2) <sil> the journey started(2) funny enough with(2) {BREATH} a ted conference attendee {SMACK} chee pearlman who <sil> hopefully is in the(2) audience somewhere(2) today {SMACK} she was the editor then of a(2) magazine called {UH} id <sil> and(2) she gave me {BREATH} a cover story <sil> on(2) the design of the cheetah legs around the world {NOISE} people <sil> would come up to me after the conference(2) after my talk {SMACK} men and women {BREATH} and <sil> the conversation would go something like this you're {NOISE} very attractive <sil> you don't(2) look disabled <sil> i thought well that's amazing because(2) <sil> i don't(2) feel <sil> <sil> and <sil> it {NOISE} really opened my eyes {NOISE} to(3) <sil> this conversation that could be explored about beauty <sil> what(2) does(2) a beautiful woman have(2) {BREATH} to look like <sil> sexy body and <sil> interestingly {BREATH} from an(2) identity(2) standpoint what does it mean <sil> to have(2) a disability <sil> the kids <sil> and {NOISE} from my {NOISE} experience {NOISE} you know(2) {NOISE} kids are naturally curious {BREATH} about what(2) they don't(2) know(2) or don't understand or(2) what(2) is <sil> foreign to them(2) {BREATH} i mean people <sil> pamela anderson has more prosthetic in her body than i do <sil> nobody(2) calls her disabled {COUGH} so this {NOISE} magazine through the hands of graphic designer peter saville went to(3) <sil> fashion designer alexander mcqueen <sil> and photographer nick knight <sil> who were(2) also {UH} interested {SMACK} in exploring that <sil> conversation {SMACK} so three months after ted i found myself <sil> on a plane <sil> to(2) london {BREATH} doing my first {COUGH} fashion shoot {SMACK} which(2) <sil> resulted in this {NOISE} cover {SMACK} fashion <sil> able {BREATH} three months after that <sil> i did my first runway show for(2) alexander mcqueen {BREATH} on a pair of {SMACK} hand carved {BREATH} wooden legs made from solid ash <sil> nobody(2) knew(2) <sil> everyone thought they were(2) wooden boots <sil> actually(4) i {NOISE} have(2) them on stage with(2) me <sil> <sil> <sil> into something that invites them to look <sil> and look a little longer and(2) maybe even understand {BREATH} <sil> i learned {SMACK} this {SMACK} firsthand(2) with <sil> my next adventure(2) {BREATH} the(2) artist {BREATH} matthew barney {NOISE} in his <sil> film {UM} opus called the {SMACK} the(2) cremaster cycle <sil> {NOISE} only learn to be frightened {SMACK} of those differences {SMACK} when an(2) adult(2) {NOISE} influences them(2) to behave that <sil> way {SMACK} and maybe censors that natural curiosity or(2) {BREATH} you know(2) reins in the question asking {UH} in the hopes of them(2) being polite {UH} little kids <sil> this is {NOISE} where(2) it really hit home {NOISE} for(2) {NOISE} me {SMACK} that <sil> my legs could be wearable sculpture {BREATH} and <sil> even at this point {BREATH} i started to move away {NOISE} from the need to replicate human ness <sil> as(3) the only <sil> aesthetic ideal <sil> so we {NOISE} made what(2) people <sil> lovingly referred(2) to(3) as glass legs even though they're {BREATH} actually(3) {COUGH} optically clear polyurethane <sil> a(2) k a(2) bowling ball {UH} material {BREATH} heavy {BREATH} then we made these legs {COUGH} that {NOISE} are(2) {UM} with a potato root system growing in them and beetroots out the top and(2) a {UM} very {NOISE} lovely brass toe {BREATH} that's a good close(2) up of that one(2) <sil> {COUGH} then another character was a half <sil> woman half cheetah a(2) {UH} little homage to my <sil> life as an athlete {SMACK} <sil> that(2) whipped(2) around(2) <sil> like a gecko {COUGH} and(2) <sil> then {UM} another {NOISE} pair of legs we collaborated(2) on were(2) these <sil> look like {COUGH} jellyfish {SMACK} legs {BREATH} also {UH} polyurethane {SMACK} and the(2) only {NOISE} purpose that(2) these <sil> legs can(2) serve outside the context of the film is {BREATH} to(3) {NOISE} <sil> so whimsy {BREATH} <sil> legs that various people have(2) made for(2) me {SMACK} and with them(2) i have(2) different negotiations(2) {BREATH} of the terrain under(2) my feet <sil> and i can(2) change my height {BREATH} i have(2) a variable of five different heights {BREATH} and(2) she looked at me and she said but {BREATH} <sil> so {NOISE} i just(2) pictured a {NOISE} first grade teacher out in the lobby with these {SMACK} unruly kids saying now whatever(2) {NOISE} you <sil> do {BREATH} don't stare at her legs {BREATH} but {NOISE} <sil> as(3) {NOISE} you want {COUGH} it <sil> and that's when i knew(2) <sil> that's when(3) i knew(2) that the conversation with(2) society {BREATH} has {COUGH} changed profoundly <sil> in this <sil> last(2) decade {SMACK} <sil> it is no longer a conversation {BREATH} about <sil> overcoming deficiency <sil> <sil> {SMACK} it's a conversation about {UH} limb <sil> doesn't represent(2) the need to <sil> replace(2) <sil> loss <sil> anymore it can(2) stand as(3) a symbol that the wearer <sil> has the power to(2) create whatever it is that(2) they want to create <sil> in that space <sil> {UH} so {NOISE} people that society once considered to be <sil> <sil> can now become the {UH} architects of their <sil> own {NOISE} identities <sil> and {SMACK} indeed {NOISE} continue to change those identities by {NOISE} designing their bodies {BREATH} from a place <sil> of empowerment <sil> <sil> and(2) what(2) is exciting to me {NOISE} so much <sil> right now <sil> is that {COUGH} by combining {BREATH} cutting edge technology <sil> robotics <sil> bionics {BREATH} with the(2) {NOISE} age old poetry <sil> {NOISE} that(2) {NOISE} if we want to discover the full potential(2) {BREATH} in our humanity <sil> {NOISE} we {NOISE} need to celebrate {BREATH} those <sil> heartbreaking strengths and those glorious disabilities that we all {BREATH} have(2) i think of shakespeare's(2) shylock <sil> that's <sil> the point {BREATH} that's why i was there {UM} i wanted to invite them(2) to(2) look and explore <sil> so {NOISE} i made a {COUGH} deal {SMACK} with(2) the(2) adults(2) {SMACK} that the kids could come in {BREATH} without any adults(2) for(2) two minutes <sil> on their own {BREATH} the doors open <sil> if you prick us do we not bleed {BREATH} <sil> {NOISE} and if you tickle us <sil> do we not laugh <sil> it is our humanity <sil> {NOISE} and(2) <sil> all the potential(2) within it {BREATH} <sil> that(2) makes us {UH} beautiful <sil> thank you <sil> the {NOISE} kids descend {BREATH} on this table {UH} of legs <sil> and they are poking and prodding and they're {BREATH} wiggling toes and they're {BREATH} trying to put their full weight on the sprinting leg to(2) see what(2) happens with that {SMACK} and i said kids really(2) quickly <sil> i {SMACK} woke up this morning <sil> i decided i wanted to be able to jump over a house <sil> dream up {UH} right now {BREATH} what kind of legs would you build me <sil> {NOISE} and immediately <sil> a voice {NOISE}
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AimeeMullins
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i looked in the {UH} rearview mirror {SMACK} and <sil> all of a sudden it just(2) hit me {UH} there was no motorcade back there {BREATH} {NOISE} you've heard of phantom(2) limb pain <sil> this was a rented(2) ford taurus {SMACK} <sil> she {SMACK} took our order and then went to the couple in the booth next to us and she {BREATH} lowered her a series {UH} of <sil> the very next day but what it turned out to be {COUGH} was that my staff was extremely <sil> upset because <sil> one(2) <sil> of {UH} the <sil> wire(2) services <sil> the story began {BREATH} former vice president al gore announced in nigeria yesterday <sil> my wife tipper and(2) i have(2) opened a(2) low cost(2) family(2) {NOISE} <sil> {NOISE} shoney <sil>'s(2) {COUGH} and we are(2) running it ourselves {COUGH} tipper was saying one(2) more burger with fries <sil> talk about {NOISE} on(2) what many of you have(2) said {UH} you would like me to(3) elaborate on(2) what can(2) you do <sil> about {UM} the climate(2) {COUGH} crisis <sil> i {UH} want to start {COUGH} with(2) <sil> show some new images(2) {SMACK} and <sil> i'm going to recapitulate <sil> just(2) {UH} four {UH} or five {BREATH} now {NOISE} the slide show <sil> i update the slide show <sil> every(2) time i give it i add new <sil> images because(2) i learn more about it every time {COUGH} i give it <sil> it's {BREATH} like {NOISE} beachcombing you know(2) {BREATH} every(2) time the tide comes in and(2) out you find some more shells <sil> and(2) i say that sincerely {SMACK} partly because {COUGH} <sil> just {SMACK} in the last(2) two days we got the new(2) {UH} temperature records(2) in <sil> january {BREATH} this is just for(2) the(2) {SMACK} united states of america {BREATH} historical average for(2) january {NOISE} is thirty one(2) degrees {SMACK} last month was thirty nine <sil> {NOISE} point five degrees <sil> now {UH} i know(2) that you wanted(2) some more bad news about the(2) environment but these are the recapitulation {BREATH} slides and then i'm(2) going to go into new(2) {NOISE} material about {UH} what {NOISE} you can(2) do {BREATH} but i wanted to elaborate on a couple of these <sil> {NOISE} first of {SMACK} all {NOISE} this {UH} is <sil> where we're projected to go with(2) the u s contribution to global warming {SMACK} under(2) business as(3) usual <sil> need {NOISE} that {UH} a(2) cost(2) {NOISE} it's a(2) profit(2) {BREATH} the sign {BREATH} is wrong <sil> it's not negative {NOISE} it's positive {BREATH} these are investments that pay for themselves {BREATH} but they are also very effective {BREATH} in deflecting our path <sil> <sil> cars {COUGH} and trucks i talked about that in the slideshow {BREATH} but i want(2) you to put it in perspective {BREATH} it's an {NOISE} easy visible <sil> <sil> <sil> target(2) of {UH} concern <sil> and it should be {BREATH} but <sil> there {NOISE} is more global warming pollution that comes from(2) buildings {BREATH} than from cars and(2) trucks <sil> cars(2) and(2) trucks are very significant(2) {BREATH} and we have(2) the lowest standards in the world {BREATH} and so we should address(2) that but it's {SMACK} part of the puzzle <sil> other transportation {NOISE} efficiency {NOISE} is {COUGH} as important as cars and(2) trucks <sil> shows it {BREATH} carbon capture {NOISE} and sequestration that's what(2) ccs <sil> stands for {SMACK} is <sil> likely to become {BREATH} the killer app <sil> that(2) {UH} will(2) enable(2) us to <sil> to use <sil> fossil fuels {BREATH} in a(2) way that {COUGH} is <sil> safe <sil> not {BREATH} quite {NOISE} there yet <sil> ok {COUGH} now <sil> what(2) {NOISE} can you do <sil> <sil> {NOISE} reduce emissions in {NOISE} your home <sil> most of these <sil> expenditures(2) are also profitable {UH} <sil> a hybrid(2) <sil> use(2) light rail <sil> figure out some of the(2) other <sil> options that are(2) much <sil> better {UH} it's important <sil> be a green consumer <sil> you have(2) choices(2) <sil> with everything you buy <sil> between {SMACK} things that have(2) a(2) harsh {SMACK} effect <sil> or a much less harsh {NOISE} effect {BREATH} on(2) the {NOISE} global <sil> {NOISE} climate(2) {NOISE} crisis <sil> consider this <sil> make a decision to live(2) a(2) carbon neutral <sil> life {BREATH} those of you who are good at branding <sil> i'd love to(2) get your(2) advice(2) and help <sil> i flew on air force two {NOISE} for(2) <sil> eight years {COUGH} on(2) how to say this <sil> in a way that <sil> connects <sil> with the most(2) people {BREATH} it is {NOISE} easier than you think <sil> it really(2) is <sil> a lot of us in here have(2) made that decision <sil> and {COUGH} it is really(2) pretty easy {NOISE} reduce(3) {NOISE} your(2) <sil> carbon <sil> and(2) then <sil> purchase {NOISE} or acquire <sil> offsets <sil> for the remainder that you have(2) not completely reduced {BREATH} and <sil> what {UH} it {NOISE} means <sil> is elaborated {SMACK} at {COUGH} climatecrisis {UH} net <sil> there is a(2) <sil> carbon calculator <sil> now i have(2) to take off my shoes or(2) boots to get on(2) an(2) airplane <sil> on(2) this <sil> arcane science of carbon calculation {BREATH} to construct(2) a(2) consumer friendly {BREATH} carbon <sil> calculator <sil> you can {NOISE} very precisely {BREATH} calculate what your {NOISE} co two <sil> emissions are {BREATH} and then <sil> you {UH} will be given options to reduce(2) <sil> {NOISE} and {SMACK} by the time the movie comes out in may {NOISE} this will be updated(2) to two point zero {NOISE} and we will have(2) {COUGH} click through <sil> purchases {NOISE} of {NOISE} offsets <sil> <sil> next(2) consider making your(2) business carbon neutral {SMACK} again some of us have(2) done that {UH} and it's not as(2) hard as you think <sil> <sil> <sil> {UH} community(2) {NOISE} invest {COUGH} sustainably <sil> majora mentioned this <sil> listen {NOISE} if you <sil> have(2) invested money <sil> with managers <sil> who you compensate on(2) the basis of their {COUGH} annual performance {BREATH} don't ever again complain about <sil> quarterly(2) report <sil> ceo {COUGH} it <sil> talk about it {UH} <sil> the(2) movie comes out the movie is a(2) {SMACK} movie version {UH} of the slideshow {UH} i gave two nights ago except it's a lot more {NOISE} and(2) <sil> it comes out in may <sil> <sil> many of you here have(2) the opportunity {SMACK} to(3) ensure(2) that a lot of people see it <sil> {NOISE} consider {NOISE} sending <sil> somebody(2) {NOISE} to <sil> nashville {NOISE} pick well <sil> <sil> and(2) i am personally(2) going to train people to give <sil> this slideshow <sil> re(2) purposed with(2) <sil> some of the personal <sil> stories obviously replaced with a generic approach and {BREATH} it's not just(2) the slides it's what they mean and it's how they link together {BREATH} and so <sil> i'm going to be conducting a course this summer <sil> for(2) a group of people that(2) are nominated by <sil> different <sil> folks to come {BREATH} and then give it <sil> en(2) masse in communities {BREATH} all across the country and we're {NOISE} what(2) that's been(2) like for(2) me {COUGH} <sil> {UH} use(2) {UH} copyrights {SMACK} so that(2) <sil> young people can remix it {SMACK} <sil> we need republicans as(3) well {NOISE} this {NOISE} used to be a bipartisan(2) issue {BREATH} and i {NOISE} know(2) that(2) in this group {BREATH} it really is <sil> become politically active {BREATH} make our democracy work the way it's supposed to work <sil> it's {COUGH} a true story <sil> every bit of this is true {UH} <sil> support the idea {COUGH} of {UH} capping <sil> carbon dioxide {UH} emissions <sil> global warming pollution {SMACK} and trading {NOISE} <sil> as(2) long as the united states is out of the world system <sil> it's not a closed system {BREATH} once it becomes a closed system <sil> it's a closed system <sil> soon after tipper and i left the(2) <sil> <sil> you will have(2) legal liability <sil> if you do not {SMACK} <sil> urge {NOISE} your(2) ceo <sil> to(2) get the maximum {SMACK} income {BREATH} from reducing(2) and trading the carbon emissions that can(2) be avoided <sil> the market(2) will(2) work to solve this {SMACK} problem <sil> {SMACK} if we {COUGH} can accomplish this and in {NOISE} our(2) modern country the role of logic and reason {BREATH} no longer {BREATH} includes {NOISE} mediating between wealth and(2) power the way it once <sil> let's(3) rebrand global warming <sil> as many of you have suggested {BREATH} i like <sil> climate(2) crisis instead of climate collapse {UH} <sil> <sil> but again {NOISE} those of you who are(2) good at branding {BREATH} i need your(2) help on(2) this {NOISE} that's really {NOISE} true <sil> <sil> you very {NOISE} <sil> heard a couple of days ago <sil> <sil> {UM} about <sil> the value {UM} of <sil> have to(2) somehow {NOISE} understand <sil> {UH} that(2) history {BREATH} has presented(3) {UH} us <sil> with(2) {UH} a(2) choice <sil> {NOISE} figuring out how to save her life <sil> while(2) she was distracted(2) <sil> by the(2) amazing experience that(2) she was going(2) through <sil> we now have(2) a(2) culture of distraction <sil> but we have(2) {NOISE} a(2) planetary emergency <sil> and(2) {NOISE} we have(2) to find a way <sil> to create {SMACK} in the generation of those {BREATH} alive today <sil> a(2) sense {NOISE} of generational <sil> mission <sil> i wish i could find the words to convey this <sil> this was another hero generation <sil> that(2) brought democracy <sil> to(3) the planet <sil> another <sil> that ended slavery(2) {SMACK} <sil> we can do this on our house and dug the geothermal wells and(2) did {UM} all of that {BREATH} have the capacity <sil> at moments of great challenge <sil> to set aside the causes of distraction <sil> and rise to the challenge <sil> that history {SMACK} is presenting to(3) us <sil> other stuff {UH} sometimes i hear people <sil> by saying {COUGH} oh {BREATH} this is so terrible <sil> <sil> what(2) {NOISE} a burden we have(2) {SMACK} <sil> i would like to ask you to re(2) frame that <sil> {UH} but {NOISE} as important as(3) it is to change the light bulbs it is more important to change the laws {BREATH} and when we {NOISE} <sil> had the(2) opportunity <sil> to rise to(3) a challenge {SMACK} <sil> that(2) is worthy {NOISE} of {NOISE} our(3) <sil> best efforts <sil> challenge that can pull from(2) us <sil> more than we knew(2) we could do <sil> i <sil> think we ought to(3) approach this challenge {BREATH} with a(2) sense of profound {BREATH} joy <sil> and gratitude <sil> that(2) {NOISE} we {NOISE} are the generation <sil> about which <sil> a thousand years(2) from now <sil> <sil> {NOISE} and poets and singers <sil> will celebrate <sil> by saying {BREATH} they were(2) the ones so many people {UM} at ted {UH} there is {UH} deep {SMACK} pain {NOISE} that <sil> basically a design issue {UH} at the(2) end of the day a design issue on a voting form <sil> one(2) bad design issue meant that <sil> your voice wasn't(2) being heard like that {UH} in the last(3) eight years(2) in a position where(2) you could {BREATH} make these things come true <sil> you {UH} have <sil> no idea when(3) you look at {UH} what the leading candidates in your(2) own party <sil> are(2) doing now i mean {UH} are you excited(2) {NOISE} by <sil> their <sil> plans on <sil> global {NOISE} the answer to(2) {NOISE} the {NOISE} question {NOISE} is {NOISE} hard for(2) me because(3) <sil> on(2) the one(2) hand i think that we should feel <sil> really great about the fact {UH} that(2) the(2) {UH} and forward leaning position <sil> on(2) the climate crisis {SMACK} all three have(2) offered {SMACK} leadership {BREATH} and(2) all three are(2) very different from the(2) approach taken by the current(3) administration <sil> <sil> {NOISE} in {NOISE} order <sil> and i think that {NOISE} all three have(2) also been <sil> responsible in putting(2) forward {UH} plans and {BREATH} proposals {SMACK} to be <sil> optimistic about this we have(2) to become <sil> incredibly active {UH} as {BREATH} citizens {SMACK} in our democracy <sil> in {NOISE} the(2) <sil> campaign dialogue that as(3) illustrated(2) by the questions that was put together by the league of conservation voters by the way the(2) analysis of all the questions <sil> and by the way the debates have all been(2) sponsored {BREATH} by something {SMACK} that {NOISE} goes by the(2) orwellian label <sil> clean coal <sil> every single debate has been(2) sponsored by clean coal {BREATH} now {BREATH} even lower {NOISE} emissions {SMACK} <sil> the richness and fullness of {NOISE} the dialogue in our democracy has not laid the basis {BREATH} for the kind of bold <sil> that(2) is really(2) needed {BREATH} so they're saying the right things <sil> and they may {SMACK} whichever of them is elected {BREATH} may do the right <sil> thing {BREATH} but let me tell you {UH} only one out of one hundred senators <sil> was willing <sil> to vote to confirm <sil> {NOISE} to ratify {UH} that treaty <sil> whatever(2) {NOISE} the candidates(2) say <sil> has to be laid alongside {BREATH} what the people say {UH} <sil> this {SMACK} challenge {SMACK} is part {NOISE} of the fabric of our whole civilization {NOISE} co two is the(2) exhaling breath {BREATH} of our civilization literally(2) <sil> and(2) {NOISE} now we mechanized that process {BREATH} changing that pattern {BREATH} requires(2) <sil> a(2) scope <sil> a scale a speed {BREATH} of change that {NOISE} is beyond what we have(2) done {BREATH} in the past <sil> so that's why i began by saying <sil> be optimistic in what you do {BREATH} but be an <sil> active <sil> citizen {BREATH} demand {BREATH} change the light bulbs but change the laws {UM} <sil> change the {NOISE} global <sil> treaties {BREATH} we have(2) to speak up we have(2) to solve this {NOISE} democracy {BREATH} {NOISE} this {UH} we {NOISE} have(2) {UH} sclerosis <sil> in our democracy <sil> and we have(2) to change that use(2) the(2) internet go on(2) the internet <sil> {COUGH} connect with(2) people {BREATH} become very active as citizens {UH} have(2) a moratorium {NOISE} we shouldn't have(2) <sil> any new we have(2) to quickly build these renewable sources {BREATH} now {UM} nobody is talking {BREATH} on(2) {NOISE} that scale {SMACK} but i do believe {SMACK} that between now <sil> and november {BREATH} it is possible {BREATH} this alliance for(2) climate protection <sil> <sil> launch a nationwide campaign grassroots mobilization(2) television ads internet ads radio {BREATH} newspaper {UH} with partnerships with everybody from the girl <sil> scouts to the {BREATH} hunters and fishermen we need help <sil> your own <sil> personal role going(2) forward {NOISE} al {SMACK} is there something more than {SMACK} that(2) you would like {SMACK} to be doing <sil> i {NOISE} have(2) {SMACK} prayed <sil> that {UM} would be able to find <sil> the answer it does depend on(2) all of us <sil> but again <sil> not just(2) with the light {BREATH} bulbs <sil> most of us here <sil> are americans <sil> we have(2) a democracy <sil> we {SMACK} can {NOISE} change things <sil> but we have(2) to(2) {UH} actively <sil> change <sil> i have(2) {BREATH} given {UM} <sil> what's(2) needed {COUGH} really(2) {SMACK} is <sil> a higher level of {NOISE} consciousness <sil> and(2) that's hard to {UH} that's hard to create <sil> but it is coming {COUGH} <sil> if you want to go far <sil> go together <sil> we have(2) to go far {NOISE} thank you so much for(2) coming to ted {NOISE} the slide show that(2) {UH} i gave here {SMACK} two years(2) ago {UH} about two thousand times {BREATH} i'm <sil> giving {UH} a short {NOISE} slide show this morning <sil> that {UH} i'm giving for the {NOISE} very first time many years(2) ago when i was a young congressman i spent <sil> an(2) awful(2) lot of time dealing with(2) {UH} the challenge of nuclear <sil> arms control <sil> the nuclear arms race {SMACK} and the military historians taught me during that {BREATH} quest <sil> that <sil> military conflicts are typically {SMACK} <sil> put into three categories <sil> local battles <sil> regional or theater wars <sil> and(2) the rare but all important {SMACK} global <sil> world war <sil> a different {UH} organizational model <sil> environmental(2) challenges fall(2) into the same three categories {BREATH} and most of what(2) we think about are local environmental problems air pollution water pollution {BREATH} hazardous waste dumps <sil> but there are <sil> also regional <sil> environmental problems like acid rain from the midwest to the northeast and(2) from(2) {BREATH} western {UH} europe to the arctic(2) and {BREATH} <sil> not because venus is slightly closer to the sun it's three times hotter than mercury which(2) is right next to the {NOISE} you've seen this slide before but there's a change <sil> the(2) only two countries that(2) didn't ratify and(2) <sil> now <sil> there's only one {UM} <sil>
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AlGore
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{NOISE} these are(2) real <sil> objects now <sil> i'm(2) going to show you how it is {SMACK} done {COUGH} i've looped the film here so you can(2) get a very {BREATH} interesting experience {BREATH} i want you to(2) see <sil> how this illusion is constructed(2) {UM} and it's going to rotate {BREATH} so you see that(2) <sil> it's {NOISE} inside out {NOISE} now watch as(2) it {COUGH} rotates back {BREATH} how {NOISE} quickly your perception {SMACK} snaps <sil> {UH} talk my <sil> a new lecture just for(2) {SMACK} ted {BREATH} and i'm(2) going show you some <sil> illusions that we've created(2) for(2) ted {SMACK} and i'm(2) going to try to relate(2) this to happiness <sil> ok <sil> now <sil> watch it {COUGH} as {NOISE} it <sil> rotates back again {BREATH} and this is a very bright audience(2) <sil> all right <sil> see if {NOISE} you can(2) stop it from happening <sil> even though you know(2) one hundred(4) percent {BREATH} it's true that(2) <sil> <sil> you {NOISE} we're going to do it again {SMACK} no {NOISE} doubt about see if {NOISE} you can(2) stop it from happening <sil> it's {COUGH} difficult <sil> and(2) we can(2) violate {SMACK} your(2) {NOISE} <sil> in a whole variety of ways about <sil> representation about shape {BREATH} about color(2) {BREATH} and(2) so forth <sil> and it's very {COUGH} primal {UH} and(2) {BREATH} it's an {SMACK} interesting(3) question(2) to {NOISE} ponder {BREATH} why {NOISE} these things {SMACK} {NOISE} we {SMACK} find these things joyful why(2) would <sil> we find them(2) {SMACK} joyful {BREATH} so <sil> here's(3) something that lionel did a while(2) ago i like <sil> these sort of little {SMACK} things like <sil> this {SMACK} i was thinking about with happiness {BREATH} is what <sil> gives happiness {BREATH} or {UM} happiness which i equate with {SMACK} joy {BREATH} in my particular <sil> area {BREATH} and i think there's something very fundamental(2) {BREATH} and i was thinking about this {BREATH} ok we can(2) violate your(2) <sil> expectations about shape <sil> we can(2) violate {SMACK} your(2) {NOISE} expectations on {UH} representation {BREATH} what an {COUGH} image(2) {NOISE} represents what(2) do you see here <sil> see dolphins <sil> ok those people who {UM} raised their hands(2) <sil> afterwards the rest of the {NOISE} audience(2) go talk to them {COUGH} all right {COUGH} actually(3) {SMACK} this is the best example of priming {SMACK} by experience that i know(2) {SMACK} if {NOISE} you are {NOISE} a(2) child {BREATH} under(2) the {COUGH} age of {SMACK} ten {SMACK} who haven't(2) been(2) ruined(2) yet {SMACK} look at this <sil> image(2) {SMACK} and see dolphins {BREATH} now {NOISE} some of you adults(2) here are(2) saying <sil> <sil> dolphins what {UH} dolphins {COUGH} but {COUGH} in {COUGH} fact {COUGH} if {NOISE} you {UH} <sil> <sil> figure ground in other words the dark areas {SMACK} here <sil> i forgot(2) to ask for(2) {SMACK} a(2) pointer {BREATH} but {COUGH} if you reverse it you'll see a whole series {SMACK} of little dolphins {SMACK} by the way <sil> it's {NOISE} <sil> something like {COUGH} this {COUGH} can be <sil> {NOISE} because(2) this is after all talk about design {NOISE} {NOISE} this is done by saatchi and saatchi {SMACK} and they actually(4) got away with this {SMACK} ad <sil> in australia {SMACK} so if you look at this {SMACK} ad <sil> for beer <sil> all those people {UH} are in sort of <sil> provocative positions <sil> but they got it {UH} past {BREATH} and actually(4) won(2) the clio awards {BREATH} so {UH} it is funny {BREATH} to {NOISE} do these things <sil> this is the joke i did {COUGH} <sil> {UM} when(3) {SMACK} the {UM} the florida(3) ballot was going(2) around you know(2) count the dots for(2) {SMACK} gore count the dots for(2) bush {BREATH} count them again {SMACK} <sil> and(2) it's in terms of <sil> both illusions {COUGH} and {BREATH} movies that we go see and jokes and magic shows {BREATH} is that {BREATH} <sil> you can(2) violate <sil> your(2) <sil> expectations about experience {BREATH} here is this is something {UH} we're <sil> building for(2) you know(2) amusement parks and that kind of stuff <sil> now let's(2) take {NOISE} a(2) static image(2) <sil> can you see this {BREATH} do you see the middle section <sil> moving down <sil> and the {UH} outer sections moving up it's completely static <sil> a static image {NOISE} how many people see <sil> it's completely static {BREATH} <sil> right <sil> now {UH} when {SMACK} it's interesting(3) that when(3) we look at an(2) image {BREATH} we see {SMACK} you know(2) {UH} color <sil> depth <sil> texture <sil> and you can(2) look at this whole scene and <sil> analyze it you can(2) see the woman is in closer {BREATH} than the wall and(2) so forth but the whole thing is <sil> actually(3) {SMACK} flat {BREATH} and it was such a good trompe {UH} l'oeil {BREATH} that(2) people got {UH} irritated when(3) they {NOISE} tried to talk to the woman <sil> and she wouldn't respond(2) now {COUGH} you can make <sil> design mistakes <sil> like this building in new york {COUGH} so that {COUGH} when you <sil> see it from(2) this side {BREATH} it looks like the balconies {SMACK} tilt <sil> up {UH} and when(4) you walk(2) around to the {UH} other side {NOISE} it {SMACK} looks like the balconies {SMACK} <sil> go down <sil> so there <sil> are {BREATH} cases where(2) you have(2) {UH} mistakes in design that incorporate illusions {COUGH} or you {COUGH} take this particular(2) <sil> un retouched {COUGH} <sil> now {COUGH} interestingly enough i get a lot of emails from(2) people {BREATH} who say {SMACK} is there <sil> any perceptual difference {BREATH} between {BREATH} males and females <sil> and <sil> i really say no i mean women can(2) navigate through the world just as well as(2) males {SMACK} can {BREATH} and why(2) <sil> {NOISE} however this {NOISE} is one(2) {NOISE} illusion that(2) <sil> women can(2) {NOISE} consistently do better than males {BREATH} in matching which(2) head <sil> because(2) they {NOISE} rely on fashion cues they can(2) match the {NOISE} now <sil> getting to(3) a part i want to show {BREATH} design {BREATH} in illusions {COUGH} i believe that the first example of {NOISE} illusions {BREATH} being {SMACK} used {BREATH} purposely <sil> was by da vinci {BREATH} in this <sil> anamorphic {BREATH} image(2) of <sil> so that when(4) you saw from one(2) little angle <sil> was(2) like <sil> this {BREATH} and this little technique got popular in the sixteenth century <sil> and(2) {BREATH} the seventeenth century {BREATH} to disguise hidden meanings where(2) you could {BREATH} flip the {NOISE} image(2) like this {BREATH} but these are(2) <sil> early {BREATH} incorporations of illusions {BREATH} brought to(3) {NOISE} sort of hot {UH} point with hans(2) holbein's(3) {SMACK} ambassadors {UH} and hans(2) holbein <sil> worked for(3) henry {NOISE} <sil> <sil> this was {SMACK} hung on {UM} a wall where you could walk(2) down from the stair and you can(2) see this hidden skull <sil> {NOISE} right now i'm(2) going to show you {BREATH} some {SMACK} designers {BREATH} who with illusions to give that {COUGH} element {BREATH} of surprise {BREATH} one of my favorites is scott kim {SMACK} i worked with scott to create some <sil> illusions for ted <sil> i hope you will enjoy(2) <sil> we have(2) one here <sil> ted <sil> and happiness <sil> so we {UH} scott created this wonderful <sil> well there's {SMACK} analog and(2) digital(2) <sil> figure goes to ground {SMACK} <sil> and for(2) the musicians <sil> and of course since {BREATH} happiness we {NOISE} want <sil> joy <sil> to the world <sil> now another <sil> great <sil> designer he's(3) very well known in japan <sil> and(2) he just(2) builds some fantastic {BREATH} things {NOISE} this is simply amazing <sil> this is a pile of junk {BREATH} <sil> so <sil> what {UH} i'm(2) going to try and do in my lecture is a go a little bit {SMACK} further {BREATH} and see <sil> that(2) when(3) you {COUGH} view it from one particular(2) <sil> angle <sil> you see its reflection in the mirror <sil> as a {SMACK} perfect(2) piano <sil> to(3) violinist {SMACK} {NOISE} this is really wild {BREATH} {NOISE} this assemblage(2) of forks knives and spoons and(2) various cutlery {BREATH} welded together <sil> {UM} can(2) <sil> violate {SMACK} your(2) {NOISE} expectations {SMACK} in a pleasing way i mean sometimes <sil> expectations that(2) are(2) violated are not <sil> pleasant <sil> but i'm(2) going to try to do it {SMACK} in a pleasant {NOISE} way {BREATH} in a very <sil> primal way {BREATH} so i can(2) make {SMACK} the <sil> audience(2) here happy {SMACK} <sil> a shadow of a motorcycle <sil> you learn something in the sort of thing that i do {SMACK} which(2) is there are(2) people out there with a lot of {UH} time on their hands <sil> ken knowlton {SMACK} does(2) wonderful <sil> composite {SMACK} images(2) like <sil> creating jacques cousteau out of seashells {BREATH} un retouched seashells but just by rearranging them <sil> he(2) did <sil> einstein out of dice {SMACK} <sil> {NOISE} because {NOISE} after {SMACK} all {UH} einstein said {SMACK} god does(2) not play <sil> dice with the universe out of {UM} un retouched keyboards {SMACK} <sil> will shortz crossword puzzle <sil> <sil> john cederquist(2) does(2) these wonderful {UM} trompe {NOISE} i'm(2) going to skip ahead since i'm sort of running {COUGH} i want to show you {SMACK} quickly {SMACK} what i've {UM} created(2) <sil> <sil> some new type of illusions {BREATH} i've {COUGH} done something with(2) {UM} taking the pixar {UH} type <sil> illusions {BREATH} so you see these {SMACK} kids the same size here {BREATH} <sil> running {UM} down {COUGH} the hall {BREATH} the two table tops of the same size {BREATH} they're looking {SMACK} out <sil> two directions at <sil> once {BREATH} you have(2) a larger piece fitting in with a {NOISE} smaller {BREATH} <sil> and <sil> that's something for you to think about {BREATH} all right {BREATH} so you see larger pieces(2) {SMACK} fitting in within smaller pieces(2) here <sil> {NOISE} you can {NOISE} see the two kids are(2) looking out simultaneously out of two different directions(2) at once <sil> now can you believe these two table tops are(2) the same <sil> size <sil> and shape <sil> they are so if you measured them <sil> they would be {SMACK} <sil> as(2) i say <sil> those two figures are identical in size {COUGH} and(2) shape <sil> {NOISE} interesting(3) by {SMACK} doing so {UH} i'm(2) going to show you {BREATH} some <sil> ways that we can(2) violate {COUGH} your(2) <sil> expectations <sil> first of {COUGH} all i want to show you <sil> the particular(2) illusion here {BREATH} <sil> this in this sort of rendered fashion {SMACK} how much stronger(2) {BREATH} these {BREATH} illusions are {BREATH} any case {BREATH} i hope this has brought you a little joy and happiness {BREATH} and if you're interested in seeing more cool effects {BREATH} see me outside <sil> i'd {SMACK} be happy to show you <sil> i want you first of all when(3) it pops up on the screen {BREATH} to notice that(2) the two holes are(2) perpendicular to(3) each other <sil>
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AlSeckel
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