Dataset Card for ConstructCIE

ConstructCIE is a dataset for extracting causal information from construction accident narratives. Each accident report is annotated with a hierarchy of causal factors.

Dataset Details

Dataset Description

The dataset contains 530 English construction accident narratives drawn from OSHA accident investigation summaries published between 2011 and 2023. Each narrative is annotated with a tree of causal information: extraction nodes carry supporting text spans and keywords, and classification nodes carry categorical labels (accident type, construction trade, severity).

• Language: English
• License: Apache 2.0

Dataset Sources

• Repository: https://github.com/lab-flair/ConstructCIE
• Paper: https://arxiv.org/abs/2608.06495

Uses

Direct Use

Benchmarking LLMs (zero-/few-shot) and supervised models on hierarchical causal information extraction from safety narratives: extracting causal factor spans, and classifying accident type, construction trade, and severity.

Out-of-Scope Use

Not intended for regulatory or compliance decisions, incident liability determination, or as an exhaustive record of construction accidents.

Dataset Structure

Each record is one JSON line with three top-level fields:

• id — unique record id
• accident_report — the narrative text with its hierarchical annotation tree
• accident_type — classification: caught-in/between, electrocution, fall, or struck-by

Nodes in the accident_report tree are either extraction nodes ({text, keywords, children}) or classification nodes ({value}). Factors and their subfactors (marked ↳) are:

Factor / Subfactor	Definition
working_circumstances	Physical and operational contexts present at the time of the accident that characterize the immediate work situation.
↳ construction_trade	The primary construction activity division being performed at the time of the accident.
managerial_factors	Deficiencies at the organizational or supervisory level that allowed unsafe conditions or behaviors to exist.
↳ failure_of_hazard_management	Failure to identify or include foreseeable hazards during pre-task planning or risk assessment.
↳ deficiency_in_safety_training	Failure to provide adequate task-specific training enabling workers to perform tasks safely and respond to foreseeable hazards.
working_condition_factors	Physical conditions of the work environment, such as natural conditions and workspace characteristics, that contributed to the occurrence of the accident.
↳ weather_condition	Weather-related conditions that influenced the work environment or contributed to the accident sequence.
↳ workspace_condition	Physical conditions related to the workspace, or structural elements, including spatial arrangement, support conditions, integrity, surface characteristics, or surrounding physical layout.
equipment_factors	Conditions related to personal or collective protective equipment or work equipment whose state contributed to the accident sequence.
↳ protective_equipment_condition	The state, functionality, availability, configuration, or appropriateness of personal or collective protective equipment.
↳ work_equipment_condition	The functional state, physical integrity, configuration, or availability of tools, machinery, or powered/non-powered work equipment.
behavioral_factors	Task-level human factors involving cognitive lapses or procedural deviations that directly contributed to the occurrence of the accident.
↳ inattentive_behavior	Behavior resulting from cognitive lapses such as reduced vigilance, distraction, or loss of situational awareness.
↳ noncompliant_behavior	Behavior involving the disregard of required safety rules, safe work practices, or protective measures.
consequences	The adverse outcomes of the incident, including the seriousness of injury and the part(s) of the body affected.
↳ severity	The degree and seriousness of injury: fatality, hospitalized injury, or non hospitalized injury.
↳ affected_body_part	The part(s) of the body that sustained harm due to the incident.
object_involved	The equipment, structure, material, or object that physically interacted with or contributed to the accident mechanism.

Dataset Creation

Curation Rationale

Construction accident reports contain rich causal information locked in free text. Unlike trigger-centered event extraction, accident causality is often implicit, long-span, and distributed across multiple sentences. Structuring it as a hierarchy of causal factors enables systematic safety analysis and provides a benchmark for hierarchical causal information extraction.

Source Data

Data Collection and Processing

OSHA accident investigation summaries published between 2011 and 2023 were screened in two stages: record-level screening removed duplicates and reports unrelated to construction activities, and content-level screening retained only narratives that explicitly describe both accident circumstances and causes, yielding 530 reports. All date information was removed using regular-expression matching to prevent models from learning false temporal patterns.

Who are the source data producers?

The Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA), which publishes accident investigation summaries of workplace incidents in the United States.

Personal and Sensitive Information

Narratives describe real workplace injuries and fatalities. Workers are referred to anonymously (e.g., "Employee #1") and no names or direct identifiers appear in the text.

Citation

@misc{nguyen2026constructciedatasetextractingcausal,
      title={ConstructCIE: A Dataset for Extracting Causal Information from Construction Accident Narratives}, 
      author={Hung Nguyen and Jaehoon Lee and Namgyun Kim and Kuan-Hao Huang},
      year={2026},
      eprint={2608.06495},
      archivePrefix={arXiv},
      primaryClass={cs.CL},
      url={https://arxiv.org/abs/2608.06495}, 
}