launch/gov_report_qs · Datasets at Hugging Face

doc_id stringlengths 10 16	document_sections dict	question_summary_pairs dict
GAO_GAO-12-819	{ "title": [ "Background", "Fragmentation, Overlap, and Duplication", "Defining Federal Economic Development Programs", "GPRA Modernization Act of 2010", "Fragmented Programs Overlap, and Agencies’ Efforts to Collaborate Have Been Limited", "Many Programs Are Authorized to Provide Similar Type...	{ "question": [ "How cohesive are federal efforts to support entrepreneurs?", "To what extent do these programs overlap?", "How does this overlap affect entrepreneurs?", "To what extent does collaboration exist between programs?", "How could this be improved?", "Why is effective collaboration ...
CRS_RS21961	{ "title": [ "", "Background", "Occurrence", "Health Concerns", "EPA Assessment of Perchlorate for Regulation", "Perchlorate Risk Assessment", "NRC Perchlorate Study", "EPA's Response and Subsequent Actions", "DOD Perchlorate Actions", "Legislative Actions" ], "paragraphs":...	{ "question": [ "What is perchlorate?", "What is perchlorate's relationship to water supplies?", "What actions have been taken regarding perchlorate exposure?", "What regulatory issues have arisen?", "To what extent has the EPA examined perchlorate?", "How has the FDA supported this effort?", ...
CRS_R42460	{ "title": [ "", "Introduction", "Background: Creating the SPR", "International Energy Agency Obligation", "Net or Gross Imports", "SPR Drawdown Authorities", "Severe Energy Supply Interruption Emergencies", "Severe Domestic Energy Supply Interruption", "Test Sale", "SPR Sites"...	{ "question": [ "Why was the SPR authorized?", "What does EPCA authorize the President to do?", "How is a \"severe energy supply interruption\" defined?", "What was the original purpose of the SPR?", "Why were price triggers not codified?", "What conditions must the US meet as a member of the ...
CRS_R41275	{ "title": [ "", "Background on the Blockade", "Raid on the MV Marmara", "IHH and the Free Gaza Movement", "Views from Israel", "Views from Turkey", "International Reactions", "Investigations/Inquiries", "U.S. Position", "Policy", "Aid", "Implications for the Future", ...	{ "question": [ "What did Israel withdraw from in 2005?", "What did Hamas do after it won the 2006 Palestinian legislative elections?", "What did Israel do in response to this?", "What effect did this have of Gaza's infrastucture?", "What do Israel, the UN, and international non-governmental organ...
GAO_GAO-12-721	{ "title": [ "Background", "Five Year Workforce Plan", "Overseas Staffing Model", "Recent Hiring Initiatives", "Findings from 2009 GAO Report on Staffing Hardship Posts", "Even with Increased Hiring, State Faces Persistent Midlevel Experience Gaps Overseas", "State Increased Hiring under D...	{ "question": [ "What problem does the Department of State face in overseas Foreign Service Positions?", "How did the Department of State fix this problem in 2009 and 2010?", "What was the problem with these new hires?", "What did GAO find?", "What makes up the largest share of vacant positions?",...
CRS_RL34320	{ "title": [ "", "Overview", "U.S. Assistance Programs", "Unexploded Ordnance", "Political Situation", "Foreign Relations", "Economic Conditions", "U.S.-Laos Trade", "International Foreign Aid", "Human Rights and Humanitarian Issues", "Religious Freedom", "The Hmong Min...	{ "question": [ "How do the United States and the LPDR cooperate?", "What has the US government done in its relations with the communist state?", "What do areas of US assistance and bilateral cooperation include?", "What happened between the two countries in 2008?", "What policy has the US governm...
GAO_GAO-13-65	{ "title": [ "Background", "Leading Principles of Strategic Workforce Planning", "Interactive graphic Figure 1: Strategic Workforce Planning Process Incorporating Leading Principles", "OCHCO Manages Strategic Workforce Planning for DHS", "DHS’s Recent Efforts to Manage Strategic Workforce Planning...	{ "question": [ "What has the DHS done recently to enhance strategic workforce planning?", "What are these steps consistent with?", "What specifically are these steps consistent with?", "What is an example of this?", "What has been identified in the DHS related to workforce planning?", "What i...
GAO_GAO-16-416	{ "title": [ "Background", "MHS Overview", "MHS Coverage Eligibility for Reservists and Deployed DOD Civilians", "DOD Access to Care Standards", "Utilization of MHS Mental Health Care", "DOD Makes a Variety of Inpatient and Outpatient Mental Health Care Available Domestically and Overseas", ...	{ "question": [ "What does DOD data on domestic and overseas direct care show?", "What is the case with routine appointments?", "What factors did DOD and service officials attribute this to?", "What did they tell GAO?", "What else did the data show?", "What do federal internal control standard...
CRS_R41384	{ "title": [ "", "What is Systemic Risk?", "What Are Sources of Systemic Risk?", "Runs and Liquidity", "\"Too Big to Fail\" or Systemically Important Firms", "Leverage", "Payment, Settlement, and Clearing Systems", "Regulatory Gaps, Discretion, and Information Gathering", "Asset Bu...	{ "question": [ "What did the recent financial crisis contain?", "What lesson have some policymakers taken from this crisis?", "What questions still need to be asked about this regulator?", "How have some of the major financial market phenomena been identified?", "What did the Fed do at the time o...
GAO_GAO-15-816	{ "title": [ "Background", "AUC Development and Use", "Testing AUC for Imaging Services under Medicare Part B", "Legislative Requirements for the Imaging AUC Program", "CMS’s Initial Implementation Plan Focuses on the Process for Specifying Applicable AUC and Establishing Priority Clinical Areas f...	{ "question": [ "How is the implementation of appropriate use criteria being handled?", "What are AUC?", "How are AUC used by health care providers?", "How can health-care providers interface with AUC?", "How is CMS examining the AUC imaging process?", "How might the AUC expansion be dispersed...
CRS_R43366	{ "title": [ "", "Introduction", "Impacts of Naturalization", "Rights of Citizenship", "Outcomes for the United States", "Naturalization Requirements", "Continuous Residence", "Good Moral Character", "English Language Proficiency and Civics Knowledge", "The Naturalization Proce...	{ "question": [ "How can lawful permanent residents become U.S. citizens?", "How can LPRs become naturalized?", "How comprehensive is the naturalization process?", "To what extent are accommodations provided for individuals who may need them?", "How is naturalization viewed by many immigrants?", ...
CRS_R44893	{ "title": [ "", "Office on Violence Against Women (OVW)", "Office of Justice Programs (OJP)", "Research, Evaluation, and Statistics", "State and Local Law Enforcement Assistance", "Juvenile Justice Programs", "Community Oriented Policing Services (COPS)" ], "paragraphs": [ "E ach ...	{ "question": [ "How are justice-related grants processed through the Federal Government?", "How do DOJ grants promote the interest of justice in the United States?", "How are the grants apportioned?", "To what extent are the DOJ's grants well-funded?", "How was the apportioned amount distributed ...
CRS_RS22640	{ "title": [ "", "Introduction", "Comparison of U.S. and Chinese Merchandise Trade Data", "Delving into the Data: Examining HS Code", "Explaining the Differences: Literature Summary", "Technical Explanations", "Official Definitions of Exports and Imports", "Definition of Territory", ...	{ "question": [ "To what extent does the Sino-US trade deficit affect bilateral trade relations?", "Why is the trade deficit a point of contention?", "How does the Administration plan to approach the deficit?", "How has the deficit affected the legislative process?", "How does this report approach...
CRS_R43399	{ "title": [ "", "Introduction", "U.S.-EU Vehicle Trade", "How the United States and the EU Set Standards", "Safety Standards", "Evolution of U.S. Safety Standards", "The U.S. Approval Process", "EU Vehicle Safety Regulation", "United Nations Agreement", "EU Directives", "T...	{ "question": [ "How has this Administration attempted to expand trade?", "How does the Administration plan to do so?", "What affect do motor vehicles have on the trade process?", "How are regulatory processes changing to match this?", "How else might the regulatory process be challenged?", "H...
CRS_R43581	{ "title": [ "", "Background", "Overview of Ex-Im Bank Policies", "Financial Products", "Direct Loans", "Medium- and Long-Term Loan Guarantees", "Working Capital Financing", "Export Credit Insurance", "Specialized Finance Products", "Activity Level", "Focus Areas", "Aut...	{ "question": [ "Who operates the official export credit agency of the United States?", "How does the Export-Import Bank fulfill its obligations?", "How does the Export-Import Bank maintain its status as the official export credit agency?", "How certain is the Bank's continuing status as the official ...
CRS_R42433	{ "title": [ "", "Introduction", "What Is the Federal Health Center Program?", "Statutory Authority and General Requirements9", "Location Requirements", "Fee Schedule Requirements", "Medicaid Coordination and Reimbursement Requirements", "Governance Requirements", "Health Service R...	{ "question": [ "How is the federal health center program administered?", "How does the HRSA administer grants?", "As a result, how are federal health centers required to aid the community?", "To what extent are the federal health centers effective at providing a safety net?", "How does the progra...
GAO_GAO-17-35	{ "title": [ "Background", "The 2014 Ebola Outbreak in West Africa", "U.S. Role in Response to the Outbreak", "Funding the U.S. Government’s Response to the Outbreak", "USAID and State Have Obligated 58 Percent and Disbursed More than One-Third of $2.5 Billion in Ebola Funding", "USAID and Sta...	{ "question": [ "To what extent were USAID's reimbursements in accordance with the Act?", "How large were these reimbursements compared to the overall flow of reimbursements?", "Why might these reimbursements be cause for concern?", "To what extent were these reimbursements a failure of policy?", ...
GAO_GAO-17-182	{ "title": [ "Background", "Selected Federal Access Control Efforts have Similar Processes, but Three Key Factors Had an Impact on Stakeholders", "Access Control Efforts Follow Similar Processes, but Specific Characteristics of the Efforts Vary", "Access Control Efforts Have Different Impacts on Stake...	{ "question": [ "To what extent did the access control efforts have similar screening and credentialing processes?", "What types of infrastructure do these access control efforts focus on?", "What differences can be found between these access control efforts?", "What factors may pose challenges in the...
GAO_GAO-18-480	{ "title": [ "Background", "340B Program Eligibility", "Program Structure, Operation, and Key Requirements", "Contract Pharmacies", "HRSA’s Oversight of Covered Entities", "About One-Third of Covered Entities Had One or More Contract Pharmacies, and Pharmacy Characteristics Varied", "Selec...	{ "question": [ "What does the 340B Program do?", "What are covered entities?", "How do covered entities dispense drugs?", "What fees do these contracts include?", "To what extent do the reviewed covered entities provide some patients with discounts on 340B drugs?", "How large are the discount...
GAO_GAO-12-600T	{ "title": [ "Background", "MDA Experienced Mixed Progress in Development and Delivery Efforts", "Highly Concurrent Acquisition Strategies Often Lead to Performance, Cost, and Schedule Consequences", "Parts Quality Issues Have Also Had a Significant Effect on Performance, Cost, and Schedule", "Con...	{ "question": [ "What results came from the execution of MDA's FY2011 goals?", "What goals did the Aegis Ballistic Missile Defense program and the Terminal High Altitude Area Defense programs accomplish?", "To what extent did the assessed programs accomplish their goals?", "How did flight test failure...
GAO_GAO-13-760	{ "title": [ "Background", "Components of Direct and Indirect Costs", "Calculation of the Indirect Cost Rate", "Proposed Changes to OMB Circular No. A-21", "From 2002 to 2012, NIH Indirect Cost Reimbursements to Universities Increased Faster than for Direct Costs, with Most Going to a Small Number...	{ "question": [ "How have reimbursements from the NIH changed from FY2002 to FY2012?", "How does this compare to the FY2003 - FY2012 period?", "How did this increase occur?", "How uniformly were indirect cost reimbursement divided between universities?", "What trends are seen among universities wi...
CRS_R41484	{ "title": [ "", "Purpose and Scope", "Background", "Defining ROL", "Perceptions of Corruption in Afghanistan", "Afghanistan's Justice Sector Institutions", "Formal Justice Sector Institutions", "Supreme Court", "Office of the Attorney General", "Ministry of Justice", "Mini...	{ "question": [ "How important is developing effective Afghan justice sector institutions?", "What role does the rule of law play in the U.S. strategy for Afghanistan?", "To what extent has the U.S. implemented ROL?", "What programs are involved in ROL in Afghanistan?", "How are most U.S. efforts ...
CRS_R44857	{ "title": [ "", "Historical Background on the Use of Independent Investigations of Alleged Wrongdoing", "Special Prosecutors and Independent Counsels, as Authorized Under the Ethics in Government Act", "Appointment Process", "Role of the Attorney General", "Role of the Court", "Scope of A...	{ "question": [ "What authorities does the Constitution grant Congress?", "Where are criminal investigations and prosecutions generally assigned to?", "Why have there been calls for the executive branch to not process criminal investigations and prosecutions?", "What has Congress and the U.S. Departme...
GAO_GAO-14-246	{ "title": [ "Background", "NIH’s Organization", "Extramural and Intramural Research Supported by NIH", "NIH’s Research, Condition, and Disease Categorization System", "Individual Institutes and Centers Set Their Own Research Priorities Using a Variety of Approaches, Including Strategic Planning, ...	{ "question": [ "What the GAO find about the five ICs at the NIH that received the most amount of funding?", "Why do ICs need to set priorities for funding?", "What might the ICs need to consider as priorities in research projects?", "What did all ICs consider for setting priorities?", "What strat...
CRS_R44838	{ "title": [ "", "Introduction", "Title I: United States Weather Research and Forecasting Improvement", "Title II: Subseasonal and Seasonal Forecasting Innovation", "Title III: Weather Satellite and Data Innovation", "Title IV: Federal Weather Coordination", "Concluding Observations" ], ...	{ "question": [ "How does Congress direct NOAA's weather-related activities?", "What does this legislation aim to improve?", "What other topics does the legislation cover?", "What specifically does Title V of P.L. 115-25 cover?", "What else does the P.L. 115-25 include?", "What has resulted fr...
CRS_R42503	{ "title": [ "", "Introduction", "\"Cost to the Government\"", "\"Fair Value Cost\"", "Debate in Mid-1980s", "Proposed Credit Reform Legislation in 1987", "GAO's 1989 Report", "CBO's 1989 Report", "Federal Credit Reform Act of 1990", "CBO's 2004 Report", "President's 2010 F...	{ "question": [ "How does the US use federal credit?", "What is a direct loan?", "What is a loan guarantee?", "What was the status of outstanding loans at the end of FY2011?", "How were federal credit programs measured before FY1992?", "What was decided about loan guarantees?", "What optio...
CRS_R42347	{ "title": [ "", "Introduction", "The Role of Quality Measurement", "Payment Incentives for Quality", "The Role of Medicare", "Overview of Payment Incentives", "Public Reporting of Performance Information", "The Theory Underlying Public Reporting", "Issues with Consumer Use of Perf...	{ "question": [ "What efforts aim to improve quality of care in health care?", "What are some quality measurements that these incentives rely on?", "Why is the ability to compare performance essential?", "How have efforts to enhance provider accountability been put forward?", "How do these impleme...
CRS_R44585	{ "title": [ "", "Background", "Early History of Jurisdictional Waters", "Differing Agency Definitions Following the Clean Water Act", "EPA's Initial Definitions", "The Corps' Initial Definition", "Callaway and its Aftermath", "The Corps' Expansion of Jurisdictional Waters Following Ca...	{ "question": [ "What have all branches of the government struggled with?", "What was eradicated with the 1972 Amendments to the Clean Water Act?", "What did this amendment change in the wording of the act?", "Where is the federal authority to regulate waters derived from?", "How has the interpret...
CRS_R42130	{ "title": [ "", "Introduction", "The Medical Device Review Process: Premarket Requirements", "Device Classification", "Medical Device Marketing Applications", "Premarket Approval (PMA)", "PMA Supplements", "Evaluations of the PMA and PMA Supplement Process", "Humanitarian Device E...	{ "question": [ "What concern exists regarding the access of medical devices by consumers?", "Why is medical device regulation complex?", "What can medical device regulation affect?", "What organization is in charge of medical device review in the United States?", "What comprises the FDA's program...
GAO_GAO-14-190	{ "title": [ "Background", "Program Is Continuing to Meet Cost, Schedule, and Performance Estimates", "Key Acquisition Cost, Schedule, and Performance Metrics Have Remained Relatively Stable", "Funding Set Aside to Alleviate Program Risk Is Almost Depleted", "Program Stabilized the KC-46 Design an...	{ "question": [ "What was the status of Boeing's management reserves as of 2013?", "To what extent is the operational test and evaluation on track?", "Why might the evaluation be delayed?", "How did the program demonstrate the design's stability?", "What must be done to finalize the program over t...
CRS_R42327	{ "title": [ "", "Federal Role at Pavillion", "EPA Investigation Authority", "Related Federal Public Health Study", "Primary Findings of the EPA Draft Report", "Background", "Detecting Contamination in Groundwater", "Contaminants in Shallow Groundwater—Surface Pits", "Contaminants ...	{ "question": [ "Why did the EPA issue a draft report about groundwater contamination near Pavillion, Wyoming?", "How will the draft report be finalized?", "What are likely sources of groundwater contamination in this case?", "What was the EPA's conclusion with regards to the gas production wells?", ...
CRS_R42495	{ "title": [ "", "Insider Trading", "Commodity Exchange Act", "Initial Public Offerings (IPOs)", "Public Financial Disclosure Reports", "Elimination of Mortgage Exemption for Personal Residences of Certain Officials", "Prompt Public Reporting of Financial Transactions", "Internet Posti...	{ "question": [ "What does the the acronym of the STOCK Act stand for?", "How does the Act stop insider trading among Members of Congress?", "What is the \"duty\" of trust and confidentiality?", "How does the STOCK Act affect the financial transactions of federal officials?", "How does the Act aff...
GAO_GAO-18-116	{ "title": [ "Background", "The Kissell Amendment", "The Buy American Act", "DHS Obligations for Textile Procurements", "DHS Updated Policies and Procedures to Incorporate the Kissell Amendment Restriction", "DHS Procurement Policies Contain the Kissell Amendment Restriction", "DHS Has Pro...	{ "question": [ "How has the DHS updated its policies regarding textile restrictions?", "To what extent do new DHS contracts reflect the Kissell Amendment restriction?", "How does DHS ensure compliance with the Kissell Amendment?", "What procedures does the DHS use?", "What is the practical effect...
CRS_R41970	{ "title": [ "", "Introduction", "The Budget Control Act and the Fiscal Cliff", "The Timing of Deficit Reductions", "Long-Term Budget Issues: Overview", "Federal Spending and Taxes: Patterns over Time", "Distribution of Spending By Fundamental Economic Form: Government Goods and Services V...	{ "question": [ "What portion of federal spending is for the direct provision of domestic government services?", "As such, how would cutting this type of spending affect the deficit?", "What is discretionary spending?", "What is the largest source of federal spending?", "What portion of federal sp...
GAO_GAO-13-56	{ "title": [ "Background", "DHS’s Mission", "History and Administrative Structure of CAP", "Field Organization and Resources of CAP", "CAP Has Performed Certain Homeland Security Missions for Federal, State, and Local Customers", "Air Force Auxiliary Missions Include Some Homeland Security Act...	{ "question": [ "How is the CAP's flight time used?", "To what extent are CAP mission areas considered to be homeland security?", "How has the CAP helped other federal agencies?", "How has the CAP helped the Air Force?", "What does CAP do outside of participation in homeland security activities?",...
GAO_GAO-13-602T	{ "title": [ "DHS Continually Reviews Potential Overstay Records, but Unmatched Arrival Records Remain", "DHS Reviewed a Backlog of 1.6 Million Potential Overstay Records", "DHS Has More than 1 Million Unmatched Arrival Records", "DHS Has Actions Completed and Under Way to Improve Data, but the Effect...	{ "question": [ "How has the DHS addressed the issues raised in GAO's report on overstays?", "How large is the backlog of overstay records?", "How does DHS process arrival and departure records?", "According to GAO, how do most \"overstays\" enter the United States?", "How have the DHS's changes a...
GAO_GAO-14-633	{ "title": [ "Background", "IRS Tools to Combat Identity Theft Refund Fraud", "During Tax Return Processing", "After Issuing Refunds (Post-Refund)", "Performance Management Information and Controls Help Agencies Assure Results and Best Use of Federal Resources", "In Filing Season 2013, IRS Est...	{ "question": [ "How does IDT refund fraud work?", "How can the model be changed to prevent IDT refund fraud?", "Why can't the IRS currently do such matching?", "What changes would allow the IRS to conduct such matching?", "What has Treasury proposed regarding W-2 deadlines?", "To what extent ...
CRS_R45488	{ "title": [ "", "Introduction", "IMO Emissions Standards and LNG", "U.S. Obligations Under the IMO", "Emission Control Areas", "Emissions Control Options for Ship Owners", "Low-Sulfur Fuel Oils", "Scrubbers", "LNG-Fueled Engines", "Jones Act Fleet Choosing LNG-Fueled Engines",...	{ "question": [ "How does the IMO plan to change maximum sulfur content in vessel fuels?", "What does Annex VI require regarding sulfur emissions?", "How might vessel operators meet the IMO 2020 standards?", "How do LNG engines compare to scrubbers?", "What does LNG bunkering require?", "How p...
CRS_R43929	{ "title": [ "", "Introduction", "Overview of the Determination of Title I-A Grants Under Current Law", "LEA Grant Determinations", "School Grant Determinations", "State Option: Overview and Possible Issues", "LEA Grant Determinations", "School Grant Determinations", "Analysis of t...	{ "question": [ "How are Title I-A grants to LEAs calculated?", "What requirements must LEAs meet?", "How is grant information used?", "How are the funds provided to LEAs?", "How would the state option alter Title I-A LEA grants?", "How could states reallocate Title I-A funds?", "What chil...
CRS_RL31657	{ "title": [ "", "Introduction", "Economic Factors Opposing Parity8", "Impact of Managed Behavioral Health Care", "State Mental Health Parity Laws19", "Mental Health Parity Act of 1996", "Enforcement of MHPA", "Enforcement Provisions", "Tax Code", "ERISA", "PHSA", "Exis...	{ "question": [ "What mental health parity legislation has the 110th Congress passed?", "To what extent have these bills found support?", "To what extent do health insurance groups support the legislation?", "How have past attempts at mental health parity legislation fared?", "How does private cov...
GAO_GAO-18-226	{ "title": [ "Background", "DOD Included Information on the Six Required Reporting Elements but Additional Information May Benefit the Commission’s Ongoing Review", "DOD Included Information on the Six Required Reporting Elements in Its Report", "Additional Information May Be Useful for the Commission...	{ "question": [ "What did the fifth required reporting element require from DOD?", "How did DOD respond to this requirement?", "Why did DOD not conduct additional analysis?", "What did GAO recommend regarding DOD's requirements for selective service?", "How did DOD respond to the recommendation?",...
CRS_RL34361	{ "title": [ "", "Introduction1", "Franked Calls Versus Campaign Calls", "Federal Disclaimer and Disclosure Requirements", "Federal Election Commission Requirements", "Federal Communications Commission Requirements", "Automated Political Calls: Uses and Industry", "The Automated Politi...	{ "question": [ "How are prerecorded messages used in political campaigns?", "How are these automated calls received by the general public?", "How do these negative factors measure up against the positive ones?", "Why are automated calls a versatile and agile tool?", "What data exists regarding au...
GAO_GAO-16-245	{ "title": [ "Background", "BSEE’s Ongoing Restructuring Has Made Limited Progress Enhancing Its Investigative Capabilities", "BSEE’s Investigative Policies and Procedures Have Not Changed Since the Deepwater Horizon Incident, and the Bureau Does Not Have the Capability to Analyze Incident Data", "The...	{ "question": [ "To what extent has the restructuring of BSEE enhanced the bureau's investigative capabilities?", "What progress has BSEE made towards updating its policies?", "How are Interior's policies lacking?", "Why must the policies be updated as soon as possible?", "How does BSEE's restruct...
GAO_GAO-12-809	{ "title": [ "Background", "Overview of DHS Roles and Responsibilities and the Information Sharing Environment", "Federal Statutes and Strategies Governing Information Sharing", "DHS Has Made Progress in Advancing Key Information- Sharing Initiatives, but Additional Steps Could Help Sustain Such Effor...	{ "question": [ "How has DHS made progress on its information sharing mission?", "How has DHS shown leadership?", "Why can't DHS share information as effectively as it should?", "Why is DHS's progress slowing?", "How does DHS plan to address the slowed progress?", "How is DHS tracking informat...
GAO_GAO-14-6	{ "title": [ "Background", "Assistance to GM", "Assistance to Ally Financial", "Financial Condition of GM and Ally Financial", "General Motors’s Financial Results Have Been Increasingly Positive Since Receiving Federal Assistance, but Questions Remain", "Treasury Is Working to Exit from Its Re...	{ "question": [ "Why is GM showing increasingly positive financial results?", "How is GM showing positive financial results?", "What challenges is GM still facing despite positive financial results?", "What effect did Treasury have on Ally Financial?", "How has Ally Financial stabilized or improve...
GAO_GAO-12-42	{ "title": [ "Background", "Risk Assessment and Risk Management", "The May 2009 IRIS Process", "EPA’s Progress in Completing Assessments under Its Revised Process Has Been Limited", "Improvements to the IRIS Process", "Initial Gains in Productivity under the Revised Process Have Not Been Susta...	{ "question": [ "What benefits has EPA's revisions to the IRIS process had?", "How has EPA's progress been limited?", "Why did EPA's progress initially increase?", "Why has EPA's recent progress been limited?", "Why is EPA unable to start new assessments?", "How did the National Academies sugg...
GAO_GAO-16-182	{ "title": [ "Background", "FDA’s Reliance on IT", "FDA IT Governance", "Our Prior Work Has Included Recommendations to Address FDA’s Challenges with IT Strategic Planning and Management", "Changes in FDA’s IT Management Structure and Strategy", "FDA Has Developed a New IT Strategic Plan, but ...	{ "question": [ "What plan has FDA developed?", "Why was the plan developed?", "What does the plan contain?", "What is the FDA plan lacking?", "How specifically is the plan lacking?", "What did FDA's CIO claim the plan was developed for?", "How can the plan meet this purpose?", "How ha...
CRS_R40159	{ "title": [ "", "Background", "Key Legislation in Prior Congresses", "Issues for Congress", "Government Leadership, Organization, and Capacity", "The Presidential Transition", "Executive Branch Organization", "Federal Leadership and Coordination", "Strategic Planning", "HHS Re...	{ "question": [ "Why did congressional interest in systems that deal with public health threats increase?", "How did Congress act on this increased interest?", "What matters was the 110th Congress focused on?", "How will the 111th Congress be involved in public health threats?", "What will the 111...
GAO_GAO-15-724	{ "title": [ "Background", "History of ASEAN", "ASEAN Country Economies", "Governance of ASEAN", "ASEAN Economic and Connectivity Initiatives", "U.S. Goals for Southeast Asia", "Chinese Goals for Southeast Asia", "China Has Surpassed the United States in Trade in Goods with ASEAN Count...	{ "question": [ "How do US and Chinese economic engagements compare?", "How did China's goods trade with ASEAN compare to US?", "How did US and China trade with ASEAN with regards to services in 2011?", "How did US foreign direct investment to ASEAN compare to China?", "How do FTAs of US and China...
GAO_GAO-17-322	{ "title": [ "Background", "DOD’s Acquisition Guidance and Framework for Managing MAIS Acquisitions", "Leading Practices for Managing an IT Acquisition Program", "Most Selected MAIS Programs Had Changes in Their Planned Cost or Schedule Estimates, and Half Met Their Technical Performance Targets", ...	{ "question": [ "What did GAO notice about the MAIS programs it reviewed?", "What cost changes did the MAIS programs experience?", "What schedule and target changes did the MAIS programs experience?", "Why did 4 programs partially meet their targets?", "How can a risk management process be effecti...
CRS_RL34647	{ "title": [ "", "Introduction", "The Cost Structure in a Payment Card Transaction", "The Components", "Merchant Restraints", "The Optimal Payment Card System", "The Problem with Cost Regulation", "Allowing Merchants to Pass Through the Interchange Fees", "The Durbin Interchange Fe...	{ "question": [ "What is an interchange fee?", "How do merchants and cardholders deal with interchange fees?", "How have interchange fees been changing?", "What issue do merchants have with interchange fees?", "Why do economists believe there are higher interchange fees?", "What must banks do ...
CRS_R45451	{ "title": [ "", "Introduction", "EPA's Greenhouse Gas Regulations", "Standards for Power Plants (Clean Power Plan and NSPS)", "Standards for the Oil and Gas Industry", "Standards for Motor Vehicles", "Air Quality Standards", "Background", "EPA's Review of the NAAQS", "2020 Rev...	{ "question": [ "To what extent is the Trump Administration committed to examining past EPA rules?", "What was the purpose of Executive Order 13783?", "What was the main focus of Executive Order 13783?", "How far-reaching is the Executive Order, and how is it being implemented?", "How does the Tru...
GAO_GAO-17-188	{ "title": [ "Background", "Financial Regulators", "Prudential Regulators for the Banking Industry", "Consumer Financial Protection Bureau", "Regulatory Analyses in Federal Rulemaking", "Interagency Coordination Requirements in Dodd- Frank Act Rulemakings", "Agencies Reported Conducting Re...	{ "question": [ "How was the implementation of regulations ensured throughout the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and the Dodd-Frank Act?", "How was the analysis process conducted?", "Were all of the rules analyzed equally?", "Why were some rules not analyzed?", "How did GAO review rules to check if...
CRS_R44286	{ "title": [ "", "Introduction", "Unutilized and Underutilized Building Data", "Disposal of Unneeded Building Space", "Limitations of Data Available on the Disposal Process", "Building Utilization", "Operating Costs", "Disposition", "Leased Space Data", "Limitations on the Data...	{ "question": [ "How large are the real-estate holdings of the federal executive branch?", "To what extent is management of these holdings a concern for Congress?", "Why is the management of these holdings potentially concerning?", "How does this report analyze the attempted oversight process?", "...
CRS_R42821	{ "title": [ "", "Executive Order 12866 and the IRCs", "Cost-Benefit Analysis Requirements Under Executive Order 12866", "OMB Circular A-4", "Executive Orders 13563 and 13579", "Cost-Benefit Analysis by the IRCs: Current Requirements and Practices", "Cross-Cutting Analytical Requirements",...	{ "question": [ "How does the government ensure that new regulations are properly implemented?", "How do these procedures ensure that the regulation is published and reviewed?", "How has the APA led to further review of regulations?", "How could Congress change the rulemaking process?", "How does ...
GAO_GAO-15-524	{ "title": [ "Background", "Electricity Generation and Consumption in the United States", "Federal and State Actions That Have Influenced Electricity Generation and Consumption", "Electricity Reliability", "Federal and State Regulation of Electricity", "The Electricity Generation Mix Has Shift...	{ "question": [ "How have energy sources changed over time?", "Have these changes been observed \"across the board\" (universally)?", "To what extent are the changes due to the energy production of a few regions?", "How has electricity consumption changed?", "Why has caused system operators to exp...
GAO_GAO-14-145T	{ "title": [ "Trends in DOD’s Portfolio of Major Acquisitions", "One Side of the Acquisition Process: Stated Policy", "Another Side of Acquisition: Incentives", "Several Factors Create Incentives to Deviate from Sound Acquisition Practices", "Conflicting Demands", "Where Do We Go from Here?" ...	{ "question": [ "Have the weapon system investments of the DOD had good outcomes for their price?", "How have the outcomes of the investments changed recently?", "What aspects of the investments have improved the recent outcomes?", "How can the DOD further improve its outcomes?", "How does the acq...
GAO_GAO-15-234	{ "title": [ "Background", "HUBZone Designations Can Change Relatively Frequently but SBA Communications May Not Reach All Affected Firms", "Designations for HUBZone Areas Regularly Change", "SBA’s Communications about HUBZone Program Changes May Not Have Reached All Affected Firms", "SBA’s Review...	{ "question": [ "How is the SBA's designation of HUBZones lacking in its communication with the community?", "How is the designation defined?", "How is the transition back from a HUBZone status handled?", "How is the notification process flawed?", "How has the SBA responded to GAO reports?", "...
CRS_RL34036	{ "title": [ "", "Overview", "Milk Income Loss Contract (MILC) Program", "Background", "2008 Farm Bill Provisions and Issues", "MILC Provisions in the 2008 Farm Bill", "CBO Cost Estimates", "Administration and Industry Positions", "MILC Payments and 2008 Farm Bill Implementation", ...	{ "question": [ "What do participating dairy farmers receive through participation in the MILC program?", "What flexibilities in payment percentage rates and target prices are there for participating farmers?", "How do opinions about this program vary between milk producers in the Northeast and Upper Midw...
CRS_R43506	{ "title": [ "", "Introduction", "Medicaid Financial Eligibility for Long-Term Services and Supports", "General Asset Rules", "Home Equity Limits", "Spousal Impoverishment Protections", "Asset Transfers", "Treatment of Certain Types of Assets", "Annuities", "Fees for Continuing...	{ "question": [ "What is Medicaid?", "How was Medicaid established?", "What are the prerequisites to qualify for Medicaid?", "What are some baseline rules for determining eligibility?", "What are states required to provide under federal Medicaid law?", "How can states' criteria differ from the...
CRS_R45725	{ "title": [ "", "Introduction", "Legislative Context", "Shipbuilding Costs Debated", "Statement of U.S. Maritime Policy", "What the Jones Act Requires", "Regulatory Background", "\"U.S.-Built\" Vessel Defined", "Passenger Vessel Itineraries", "Offshore Oil and Gas Vessels", ...	{ "question": [ "What does the Jones Act mandate?", "What entities benefit from this act?", "Why has this act come under fire?", "What are some recent examples of when this act has been discussed?", "Why has this act become the subject of attention?", "What precedent was there before the Jones...
CRS_RS22955	{ "title": [ "", "Recent COOL Developments", "Overview of COOL", "Authorizing Legislation", "USDA Regulations and Secretary's Statement to Implement COOL", "Costs and Benefits", "Key Provisions of COOL", "Defining and Labeling Origin for Meats", "Changes Made from Interim Rule to F...	{ "question": [ "How have retail stores been forced to respond since the final rule to implement country-of-origin labeling (COOL) took effect?", "How were the rules legalized?", "What dispute settlement case happened as a result of COOL for beef and pork?", "What did Canada and Mexico argue when they...
CRS_R42077	{ "title": [ "", "What Are the Unified Command Plan (UCP) and Combatant Commands (COCOMs)?", "Introduction", "Unified Command Plan (UCP)", "Combatant Command (COCOM)", "Functional Combatant Commands", "Geographic Combatant Commands", "Origins of the UCP", "Outline Command Plan 1946...	{ "question": [ "Cannot make a question.", "What are some potential issues for Congress regarding this plan?", "What is a possible concern regarding COCOMs?", "Why might separate COCOMs apart from the current nine be necessary?", "Why might Congress propose alternative organizational structures fo...
CRS_R44489	{ "title": [ "", "Introduction", "Background", "Congressional Consideration", "TPP's Strategic Context5", "Economic Significance15", "U.S.-TPP Trade and Investment28", "Relationship to Existing Trade Organizations and Agreements", "TPP and the WTO", "The TPP and Other Asia-Paci...	{ "question": [ "What is the TPP?", "How does the TPP differ from previous free trade agreements?", "Economically, how does this FTA affect the U.S?", "What does Congress need to do to allow the agreement to enter into force?", "What governing body would consider the legislation?", "What porti...
GAO_GAO-14-501	{ "title": [ "Background", "Federal Role", "Types of Land-use Agreements and Their Benefits", "Land-use Agreement Data and Monitoring", "VA Does Not Maintain Reliable Data on the Number of Land-use Agreements and Their Associated Revenues", "Additional Monitoring at Three VA Medical Centers Co...	{ "question": [ "How have land-use agreements specifically been a place of concern within the GAO's findings?", "What is particularly troubling about the VA's shared partners at the New York Center?", "How did the VA attempt to rectify this error?", "Why is there cause for continued concerned regardin...
GAO_GAO-14-231	{ "title": [ "Background", "NNSA Identified Various Cost Drivers for the Plutonium Disposition Program’s Construction Projects", "NNSA Has Not Analyzed Root Causes of the Cost Increases for the Plutonium Disposition Program’s Construction Projects", "NNSA Has Taken Steps to Hold Contractors Accountabl...	{ "question": [ "What has NNSA still not done regarding the program construct cost increases which may be essential to do going forward?", "How does the NNSA currently decide whether to conduct a root cause analysis of cost increases?", "Without a root cause analysis, what struggles will the NNSA continue...
CRS_R43509	{ "title": [ "", "Introduction", "Overview of CJS", "FY2014 and FY2015 Appropriations for CJS", "Survey of Selected Issues", "Department of Commerce", "Department of Justice", "Science Agencies", "Related Agencies", "Department of Commerce9", "FY2014 and FY2015 Appropriatio...	{ "question": [ "How have appropriations for CJS changed from 2005 to 2014?", "Why did CJS appropriations peak in 2010?", "What has been the state of CJS appropriations since 2010?", "What caused the decline in CJS appropriations from 2010 to 2014?", "How have the funding cuts affected NASA?", ...
CRS_R43300	{ "title": [ "", "Introduction", "Structure of this Report", "Other CRS Reports on CCS", "Background", "Overview", "Current Research and Development (R&D) Activities", "Future Outlook" ], "paragraphs": [ "", "Congressional interest in carbon capture and sequestration (or ca...	{ "question": [ "What are the drawbacks of current carbon capture processes?", "What is the drawback of coal-fired and gas-fired power plants in U.S. CO2 emissions?", "How are new projects affecting power plants?", "How do current R&D activities seek to improve carbon capture technology?", "What f...
CRS_R45736	{ "title": [ "", "Introduction", "Effects on Output and Investment", "Projections of Output Effects", "Output Growth in 2018", "Contribution of Consumption Growth", "Contribution of Investment Growth", "Effects on Revenues", "Effects on Effective Tax Rates", "Effective Corporat...	{ "question": [ "How did the GDP change in 2018?", "How do GDP growth rates reflect the effect of tax cuts?", "How were the growth patterns inconsistent with expectations?", "How might this outcome affect further growth?", "How did CBO's first baseline update estimate changes to taxes?", "How ...
CRS_RS21232	{ "title": [ "", "Introduction", "Current Grazing Fee Formula and Distribution of Receipts", "The Fee Formula", "Distribution of Receipts", "History of Fee Evaluation and Reform Attempts", "Current Issues", "Fee Level", "State and Private Grazing Fees", "Grazing Without Paying ...	{ "question": [ "What new change will affect BLM and FS in 2019?", "What are the attributes of this new fee?", "How has the BLM and FS grazing fee changed over time?", "How has the fee changed in recent decades?", "How are grazing fees used?", "How is the agency's portion of the fee used?", ...
GAO_GAO-13-27	{ "title": [ "Background", "FECA Eligibility", "Application Process for FECA Program Benefits for Volunteers", "From 2009 through 2011, DOL Provided about $36 Million in Health Care and Other Benefits for Volunteers", "The Peace Corps Uses Information on Volunteers’ Awareness of FECA, but Neither ...	{ "question": [ "How did the DOL support Peace Corps volunteers from 2009 through 2011?", "How was this money allocated to various types of benefits?", "What was the scale of the volunteer population during this period?", "What were the most common health conditions treated under DOL reimbursements?",...
GAO_GAO-12-112	{ "title": [ "Background", "In Addition to Its Selection Criteria, ARPA-E Also Considers Applicants’ Prior Sources of Private Funding; However, Most Award Winners We Reviewed Did Not Explain This Information", "ARPA-E Program Directors Use the Agency’s Four Selection Criteria and Other Considerations to S...	{ "question": [ "Why is ARPA-E working with other DOE offices?", "How can this collaboration help to address funding gaps?", "How do officials from other offices and agencies contribute to the ARPA-E application review process?", "What is a potential benefit to this type of cross-agency interaction?" ...
CRS_RL32314	{ "title": [ "", "Why a U.S.-Thailand FTA?", "Thailand's Economy and Trade Orientation", "U.S.-Thailand Commercial Relations", "Issues in the FTA Negotiations", "Trade in Goods", "Agricultural Trade", "Intellectual Property Rights", "Trade in Services", "Investment", "Statu...	{ "question": [ "What information was included in the letter from Robert Zoellick?", "Why did the letter state that an FTA would be beneficial?", "What other issues needed to be addressed, according to the letter?", "Why is Thailand considered a strong candidate for an FTA with the U.S.?", "How wo...
CRS_RL34249	{ "title": [ "", "Major Provisions", "Individual Tax Revision", "Revisions in the AMT", "Tax Benefits for Lower-Income Individuals", "Tax Increases on High-Income Individuals", "Individual Base Broadening", "Distributional Effects", "Extenders", "Corporate Tax Provisions", ...	{ "question": [ "How was the Tax Reduction and Tax Reform Act of 2007 introduced?", "Why is the AMT increasingly problematic?", "What were the main provisions of the Act?", "How did the plan address corporate taxes and businesses?", "How did the plan propose offsetting these expenses?", "What ...
CRS_RL34263	{ "title": [ "", "Sputnik and America's \"Sputnik Moment\"", "Why Was Sputnik So Influential?", "Why Is Sputnik Important to Today's Policies?", "What Are the Activities of Other Nations and the Commercial Sector in Space Exploration?", "What Is the Nation's Current Civilian Space Policy?", ...	{ "question": [ "What was Sputnik?", "Why did the \"space age\" begin?", "How did the Cold War impact U.S. policymakers' perception of the Sputnik launch?", "How did the U.S. government respond to the \"Sputnik moment\"?", "According to an Eisenhower presidential committee, what are the fundamenta...
CRS_R43211	{ "title": [ "", "Introduction", "Background", "Geological and Ecological Characteristics of the Salton Sea", "Salton Sea and the Quantification Settlement Agreement", "Environmental Concerns in the Salton Sea", "Restoration Efforts in the Salton Sea", "Current Restoration in the Salto...	{ "question": [ "How was the Salton Sea created?", "How is the Salton Sea sustained?", "How does the Salton Sea serve its inhabitants?", "How has the Salton Sea been altered over time?", "How are efforts being created for restoration plans for the Salton Sea?", "How are the State of California...
CRS_RL32293	{ "title": [ "", "Introduction", "Methodological Differences Between the Standard CPI and the C-CPI-U", "The CPI-U and CPI-W", "The C-CPI-U", "Statistical Differences Between the CPI and C-CPI-U", "Policy Considerations" ], "paragraphs": [ "", "This report provides technical an...	{ "question": [ "What measure of inflation did the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics publish?", "What groups are included in the collective CPI?", "Why is the CPI more powerful than just being an economic indicator?", "Why is the CPI an important policy lever?", "How is the supplemental measure publ...
GAO_GAO-18-679	{ "title": [ "Background", "Most Programs Use Income to Determine Student Eligibility and Consider Various Factors When Setting Scholarship Award Amounts", "Eligibility Requirements", "Scholarship Uses and Amounts", "Effect of TCS Donations on Taxes Owed Depends on Factors Such as Tax Credit Perce...	{ "question": [ "How do most TCS programs determine the eligibility of students for scholarships?", "How do the income limits range amoung programs?", "What are the different requirements and methods for how students use their scholarships and for calculating scholarship amounts?", "What did the avera...
CRS_R43152	{ "title": [ "", "Introduction", "The Safe Drinking Water Act and the Federal Role in Regulation of Underground Injection", "Review of Relevant SDWA UIC Provisions5", "The Debate over Regulation of Hydraulic Fracturing Under the SDWA", "The LEAF Challenge to the Alabama UIC Program and EPA's I...	{ "question": [ "How is hydraulic fracturing used?", "How has horizontal drilling affected U.S. oil and natural gas reserves?", "Why have hydraulic fracturing and related oil and gas activities been controversial?", "How do environmental statutes affect regulations for hydraulic fracturing?", "Wha...
CRS_R44713	{ "title": [ "", "Introduction", "Background", "AU Goals and Objectives", "Structure", "Current Leadership and Issues", "Peace and Security", "Justice Issues", "African Court on Human and People's Rights: Developments, Prospective Changes, and Implications for the ICC in Africa", ...	{ "question": [ "How have U.S. relations with the African Union been over the past decade?", "What is the focus of the U.S. - AU cooperation?", "What are the other areas of U.S. - AU cooperation?", "What level is the U.S. aid in the AU Commission?", "Why did President George W. Bush recognize the ...
GAO_GAO-13-381	{ "title": [ "Background", "SFA Advisor Team Mission and Goals Are Broadly Defined; Advisor Teams Varied in the Extent to Which Their Approaches Identified Specific Objectives and Activities Linked to Goals", "DOD and ISAF Have Defined the Mission and Broad Goals for Advisor Teams for Various Types of ANS...	{ "question": [ "How are the teams in the DOD and the Internation Security Assistance Force varied?", "What are the qualities of the SFA and the theater commanders for success and strength?", "Why did the structure not work for some of the teams?", "How did the ANSF respond to the guidance?", "How...
CRS_R40476	{ "title": [ "", "Introduction", "Transfer, Disposal, and Leasing Authorities", "Local Redevelopment Authorities (LRAs)", "Transfers for Federal Utilization", "DOD Components or Other Agencies", "Public Domain Lands39", "Transfers for Non-Federal Utilization", "Homeless Assistance"...	{ "question": [ "Why do properties have to be screened?", "What is included in \"public benefit transfers\"?", "What situation would make it possible to dispose BRAC property?", "What processes are authorized by the law?", "How was the BRAC property transfer process been altered?", "Why did th...
GAO_GAO-15-775	{ "title": [ "Background", "V2I Deployment Efforts Are in the Early Stages and Extensive U.S. Deployment May Occur over the Next Few Decades", "DOT and Various Stakeholders Are Developing and Testing V2I Technologies through Small Test Deployments", "DOT and Stakeholders Are Collaborating and Developi...	{ "question": [ "What do V2I technologies do?", "What research is being done with V2I technologies?", "How will DOT support V2I technologies?", "How will V2I technologies be deployed?", "Why are the benefits and costs of V2I technologies unclear?", "What benefits could V2I technologies provide...
CRS_R42492	{ "title": [ "", "Introduction", "Manufacturing for Commercial Space", "Launch Vehicles", "Spacecraft", "Satellites", "Employment in the U.S. Space Industry", "Policy Issues", "Export Controls and Commercial Satellites39", "Spectrum Allocation, Regulation, and Demand for Satell...	{ "question": [ "What does the space industry refer to?", "What is the space industry?", "How was the space industry developed?", "What is space oriented manufacturing?", "What is the focus of this report?", "Why has the US competitive position in the space industry eroded?", "Why will the...
GAO_GAO-18-272	{ "title": [ "Background", "USDA Has Revised Some Existing Pathogen Standards but Has Not Revised Others in Decades and Has No Time Frames for Revision", "USDA Is Taking Additional Steps to Address Pathogen Reduction Challenges That We Identified in 2014, but These Challenges Are Ongoing", "Conclusion...	{ "question": [ "Why has the USDA developed standards?", "What is the problem with the standards?", "How are these standards problematic?", "Why would it be beneficial for the USDA to document its process for deciding products to consider for new standards?", "What steps is USDA taking?", "Wha...
GAO_GAO-12-833	{ "title": [ "Background", "Nearly All Program Managers Surveyed Reported Significant Challenges", "Most Major Programs Reported Their Planned Capabilities Changed after Initiation", "Most Major Programs Reported They Experienced Funding Instability", "Most Major Programs Reported They Experienced...	{ "question": [ "What did GAO find when surveying DHS program managers?", "What challenges did the managers face?", "What does DHS lack?", "What insights did GAO gain?", "What does DHS acquisition policy reflect?", "What does DHS acquisition policy require?", "What does DHS's culture empha...
GAO_GAO-13-258	{ "title": [ "Background", "KC-46 Program Cost, Schedule, and Performance Estimates Remain Unchanged but There Are Some Concerns as Development Progresses", "Quantities, Schedule, Cost, and Expected Performance Unchanged Since Program Start", "Development Contract Cost Estimates Exceed the Contract Ce...	{ "question": [ "What does the KC-46 program estimate?", "What has the program done as a result of a prior GAO recommendation?", "What concerns are there regarding program cost?", "What does GAO indicate about these concerns?", "How is the program addressing key challenges?", "What is addition...
CRS_RL33776	{ "title": [ "", "Introduction", "Climate Change", "Legislative Issues", "Should Greenhouse Gases Be Regulated as Air Pollutants?", "Should Legislation Focus on Individual Sectors, the Economy as a Whole, or Both?", "Is Cap-and-Trade the Best Approach?", "What Role for Carbon Taxes?", ...	{ "question": [ "What were the highest priorities for committees with jurisdiction over air issues?", "How were other clean air issues addressed?", "What climate-related oversight issues exist?", "What was the outcome of Massachusetts v. EPA?", "What was the outcome of New Jersey v. EPA?", "Wh...
GAO_GAO-14-676	{ "title": [ "Background", "VA’s Role in Supporting Veterans during Their Readjustment to Civilian Life", "Characteristics of Veterans Readjusting to Civilian Life", "The Readjustment Process for Veterans", "Veterans Experience Difficulty When Readjusting to Civilian Life but Extent Is Unknown", ...	{ "question": [ "How have veterans who served in the military after September 11, 2001 readjusted to civilian life?", "What do difficulties veterans face include?", "How does VA plan to help veterans?", "Why will it be difficult for VA to help veterans?", "What information is available to VA?", ...
CRS_RL33661	{ "title": [ "", "A Slowdown in the Supply of Labor", "Which Employers Are Most Likely to be Affected?", "Baby-Boom Dependent Industries", "Baby-Boom Dependent Occupations", "A Baby-Boom Induced Shortage of Labor?", "An \"Adequate\" Number of Workers", "The Supply of Labor Domestically...	{ "question": [ "What does the unemployment rate of 2007 suggest?", "How will baby-boomers affect retirement group in America?", "How will the baby-boomers affect the US economy?", "Why is an actual shortage of workers unlikely in the long run?", "What is a key assumption of the labor shortage sce...
CRS_R41870	{ "title": [ "", "Most Recent Developments", "FY2011 Continuing Resolution, Related Actions, and Prior Year Funding", "Status of FY2012 Appropriations", "Action on the FY2012 Legislative Branch Appropriations Bill", "Submission of FY2012 Budget Request on February 14, 2011", "Senate and Ho...	{ "question": [ "What did the legislative branch submit on February 15, 2011?", "How does this submission compare to funds provided for FY2011?", "What did the FY2011 act provide?", "What did the House Appropriations Committee Subcommittee hold in July 2011?", "What did the committee order in July...
CRS_R40227	{ "title": [ "", "Introduction", "Background", "GAO Bid Protests", "Number of Bid Protest Cases Filed With GAO", "Number of Government Procurements Protested", "Number of Bid Protests Sustained by GAO", "Changing Trends in GAO Protests: Comparing Rate of Protests to Rate of Obligations...	{ "question": [ "Why have bid protests on federal government contracts received congressional scrutiny?", "What have concerns over delays triggered and prompted?", "What did the House and Senate do to deal with concerns?", "What is the effectiveness rate?", "How has the effectiveness rate changed ...
GAO_GAO-15-771	{ "title": [ "Background", "Types of E-cigarettes", "U.S. E-cigarette Market", "E-Cigarette Use among U.S. Adults and Adolescents", "Proposed Rule to Subject Additional Products, Including E-cigarettes, to FDA’s Tobacco Regulation", "Taxation of E-cigarettes", "Effect of E-cigarette Use on...	{ "question": [ "What did GAO's analysis find about e-cigarettes?", "What explanations are there for GAO's finding?", "What does data from a study by Centers for Disease Control and Prevention suggest?", "What could happen if this data trend continues?", "How is the use of cigarettes in the United...
GAO_GAO-15-34	{ "title": [ "Background", "Key Environmental Laws Allow Deadline Suits and EPA Considers Several Factors in Responding to Those Suits", "Key Environmental Laws Allow Citizens to File Deadline Suits to Compel EPA Rulemaking", "EPA and DOJ Consider Several Factors in Deciding Whether to Settle Deadline...	{ "question": [ "What laws did GAO identify?", "What did these laws include?", "How do EPA and DOG decide whether to settle a deadline suit?", "What did the terms of settlements in EPA deadline lawsuits establish?", "What did the settlements not include?", "What does the Clean Air Act require ...
GAO_GAO-17-309	{ "title": [ "Background", "DOD Used Prototyping to Reduce Technical Risks, Validate Designs, and Investigate Integration Challenges on Major Weapon Acquisition Programs", "Major Acquisition Programs Selected Prototyping Approaches That Addressed Key Risks", "Major Acquisition Program Officials Stated...	{ "question": [ "Why does DOD use prototyping on its MDAP?", "What did GAO review with regards to prototyping?", "What information did prototyping provide?", "What initiatives has DOD developed?", "What problems do these initiatives face?", "What are enablers for DOD's efforts?", "How is D...
CRS_R41782	{ "title": [ "", "Procedures", "Deadlines and Contents", "Exception for Credit Card and Third Party Network Payments", "Penalties", "Civil Penalties for Information Returns Due Before 2011", "Civil Penalties for Information Returns Due in 2011 or Later", "Criminal Penalties in Cases of...	{ "question": [ "Why might taxpayers be more likely to report items of income on their tax returns?", "What is a problem with expanding reporting requirements?", "How was this problem highlighted recently?", "What was the result of the objections?", "What is required by IRC § 6041?", "What is ...
CRS_R43024	{ "title": [ "", "Recent Developments", "Introduction", "Cuba's Political and Economic Situation", "Brief Historical Background1", "Political Conditions", "Human Rights Conditions", "Economic Conditions and Reform Efforts", "Cuba's Foreign Relations", "North Korean Ship Inciden...	{ "question": [ "How has Cuba's political succession changed?", "What did Raúl Castro implement?", "What did a party congress in 2011 lay out?", "Why are these goals not expected to be achieved?", "How did Obama Administration continue dual-track approach in Cuba?", "What did the Administrati...
CRS_R41664	{ "title": [ "", "Overview of Health Reform Law", "Coverage Expansions and Market Reforms: Pre-2014", "Coverage Expansions and Market Reforms: Beginning in 2014", "Health Care Quality and Payment Incentives", "Estimated Costs and Impact of Health Reform", "Implementation and Oversight", ...	{ "question": [ "What was the response to ACA?", "How did the individual mandate play out in these challenges?", "How did Medicaid play out in these challenges?", "What did the Supreme Court find in National Federation of Independent Business v. Sebelius?", "How did the Court qualify this decision...
CRS_R44234	{ "title": [ "", "Introduction", "Criteria Used by Senators to Evaluate Nominees", "Professional Qualifications", "Judicial Philosophy or Ideology", "Views of Peers, Constituents, Interest Groups, and Others", "Diversity Considerations", "Senate Institutional Factors or Prerogatives", ...	{ "question": [ "How does the Constitution establish the procedure for appointing a Supreme Court Justice?", "What does the \"Appointments Clause\" state?", "Has this process changed since the writing of the Constitution?", "What does this report concern?", "Why is the appointment of a Supreme Cou...
CRS_R43343	{ "title": [ "", "Introduction", "Coal and Existing U.S. Coal Power Plants", "Coal and Greenhouse Gas Emissions", "Types of U.S. Coal-Fired Power Plants", "U.S. Coal Power Plants Are Aging", "Efficiency of Power Plants and Power Plant Systems", "Efficiency Improvements to Reduce GHG Em...	{ "question": [ "What is coal used for?", "Why is coal problematic?", "What efforts have been proposed to curb GHG emissions?", "What was the first of these requirements?", "What other requirements are expected?", "How will EPA likely target its next requirements?", "How does decreased eff...

GAO_GAO-12-819

{ "title": [ "Background", "Fragmentation, Overlap, and Duplication", "Defining Federal Economic Development Programs", "GPRA Modernization Act of 2010", "Fragmented Programs Overlap, and Agencies’ Efforts to Collaborate Have Been Limited", "Many Programs Are Authorized to Provide Similar Type...

{ "question": [ "How cohesive are federal efforts to support entrepreneurs?", "To what extent do these programs overlap?", "How does this overlap affect entrepreneurs?", "To what extent does collaboration exist between programs?", "How could this be improved?", "Why is effective collaboration ...

CRS_RS21961

{ "title": [ "", "Background", "Occurrence", "Health Concerns", "EPA Assessment of Perchlorate for Regulation", "Perchlorate Risk Assessment", "NRC Perchlorate Study", "EPA's Response and Subsequent Actions", "DOD Perchlorate Actions", "Legislative Actions" ], "paragraphs":...

{ "question": [ "What is perchlorate?", "What is perchlorate's relationship to water supplies?", "What actions have been taken regarding perchlorate exposure?", "What regulatory issues have arisen?", "To what extent has the EPA examined perchlorate?", "How has the FDA supported this effort?", ...

CRS_R42460

{ "title": [ "", "Introduction", "Background: Creating the SPR", "International Energy Agency Obligation", "Net or Gross Imports", "SPR Drawdown Authorities", "Severe Energy Supply Interruption Emergencies", "Severe Domestic Energy Supply Interruption", "Test Sale", "SPR Sites"...

{ "question": [ "Why was the SPR authorized?", "What does EPCA authorize the President to do?", "How is a \"severe energy supply interruption\" defined?", "What was the original purpose of the SPR?", "Why were price triggers not codified?", "What conditions must the US meet as a member of the ...

CRS_R41275

{ "title": [ "", "Background on the Blockade", "Raid on the MV Marmara", "IHH and the Free Gaza Movement", "Views from Israel", "Views from Turkey", "International Reactions", "Investigations/Inquiries", "U.S. Position", "Policy", "Aid", "Implications for the Future", ...

{ "question": [ "What did Israel withdraw from in 2005?", "What did Hamas do after it won the 2006 Palestinian legislative elections?", "What did Israel do in response to this?", "What effect did this have of Gaza's infrastucture?", "What do Israel, the UN, and international non-governmental organ...

GAO_GAO-12-721

{ "title": [ "Background", "Five Year Workforce Plan", "Overseas Staffing Model", "Recent Hiring Initiatives", "Findings from 2009 GAO Report on Staffing Hardship Posts", "Even with Increased Hiring, State Faces Persistent Midlevel Experience Gaps Overseas", "State Increased Hiring under D...

{ "question": [ "What problem does the Department of State face in overseas Foreign Service Positions?", "How did the Department of State fix this problem in 2009 and 2010?", "What was the problem with these new hires?", "What did GAO find?", "What makes up the largest share of vacant positions?",...

CRS_RL34320

{ "title": [ "", "Overview", "U.S. Assistance Programs", "Unexploded Ordnance", "Political Situation", "Foreign Relations", "Economic Conditions", "U.S.-Laos Trade", "International Foreign Aid", "Human Rights and Humanitarian Issues", "Religious Freedom", "The Hmong Min...

{ "question": [ "How do the United States and the LPDR cooperate?", "What has the US government done in its relations with the communist state?", "What do areas of US assistance and bilateral cooperation include?", "What happened between the two countries in 2008?", "What policy has the US governm...

GAO_GAO-13-65

{ "title": [ "Background", "Leading Principles of Strategic Workforce Planning", "Interactive graphic Figure 1: Strategic Workforce Planning Process Incorporating Leading Principles", "OCHCO Manages Strategic Workforce Planning for DHS", "DHS’s Recent Efforts to Manage Strategic Workforce Planning...

{ "question": [ "What has the DHS done recently to enhance strategic workforce planning?", "What are these steps consistent with?", "What specifically are these steps consistent with?", "What is an example of this?", "What has been identified in the DHS related to workforce planning?", "What i...

GAO_GAO-16-416

{ "title": [ "Background", "MHS Overview", "MHS Coverage Eligibility for Reservists and Deployed DOD Civilians", "DOD Access to Care Standards", "Utilization of MHS Mental Health Care", "DOD Makes a Variety of Inpatient and Outpatient Mental Health Care Available Domestically and Overseas", ...

{ "question": [ "What does DOD data on domestic and overseas direct care show?", "What is the case with routine appointments?", "What factors did DOD and service officials attribute this to?", "What did they tell GAO?", "What else did the data show?", "What do federal internal control standard...

CRS_R41384

{ "title": [ "", "What is Systemic Risk?", "What Are Sources of Systemic Risk?", "Runs and Liquidity", "\"Too Big to Fail\" or Systemically Important Firms", "Leverage", "Payment, Settlement, and Clearing Systems", "Regulatory Gaps, Discretion, and Information Gathering", "Asset Bu...

{ "question": [ "What did the recent financial crisis contain?", "What lesson have some policymakers taken from this crisis?", "What questions still need to be asked about this regulator?", "How have some of the major financial market phenomena been identified?", "What did the Fed do at the time o...

GAO_GAO-15-816

{ "title": [ "Background", "AUC Development and Use", "Testing AUC for Imaging Services under Medicare Part B", "Legislative Requirements for the Imaging AUC Program", "CMS’s Initial Implementation Plan Focuses on the Process for Specifying Applicable AUC and Establishing Priority Clinical Areas f...

{ "question": [ "How is the implementation of appropriate use criteria being handled?", "What are AUC?", "How are AUC used by health care providers?", "How can health-care providers interface with AUC?", "How is CMS examining the AUC imaging process?", "How might the AUC expansion be dispersed...

CRS_R43366

{ "title": [ "", "Introduction", "Impacts of Naturalization", "Rights of Citizenship", "Outcomes for the United States", "Naturalization Requirements", "Continuous Residence", "Good Moral Character", "English Language Proficiency and Civics Knowledge", "The Naturalization Proce...

{ "question": [ "How can lawful permanent residents become U.S. citizens?", "How can LPRs become naturalized?", "How comprehensive is the naturalization process?", "To what extent are accommodations provided for individuals who may need them?", "How is naturalization viewed by many immigrants?", ...

CRS_R44893

{ "title": [ "", "Office on Violence Against Women (OVW)", "Office of Justice Programs (OJP)", "Research, Evaluation, and Statistics", "State and Local Law Enforcement Assistance", "Juvenile Justice Programs", "Community Oriented Policing Services (COPS)" ], "paragraphs": [ "E ach ...

{ "question": [ "How are justice-related grants processed through the Federal Government?", "How do DOJ grants promote the interest of justice in the United States?", "How are the grants apportioned?", "To what extent are the DOJ's grants well-funded?", "How was the apportioned amount distributed ...

CRS_RS22640

{ "title": [ "", "Introduction", "Comparison of U.S. and Chinese Merchandise Trade Data", "Delving into the Data: Examining HS Code", "Explaining the Differences: Literature Summary", "Technical Explanations", "Official Definitions of Exports and Imports", "Definition of Territory", ...

{ "question": [ "To what extent does the Sino-US trade deficit affect bilateral trade relations?", "Why is the trade deficit a point of contention?", "How does the Administration plan to approach the deficit?", "How has the deficit affected the legislative process?", "How does this report approach...

CRS_R43399

{ "title": [ "", "Introduction", "U.S.-EU Vehicle Trade", "How the United States and the EU Set Standards", "Safety Standards", "Evolution of U.S. Safety Standards", "The U.S. Approval Process", "EU Vehicle Safety Regulation", "United Nations Agreement", "EU Directives", "T...

{ "question": [ "How has this Administration attempted to expand trade?", "How does the Administration plan to do so?", "What affect do motor vehicles have on the trade process?", "How are regulatory processes changing to match this?", "How else might the regulatory process be challenged?", "H...

CRS_R43581

{ "title": [ "", "Background", "Overview of Ex-Im Bank Policies", "Financial Products", "Direct Loans", "Medium- and Long-Term Loan Guarantees", "Working Capital Financing", "Export Credit Insurance", "Specialized Finance Products", "Activity Level", "Focus Areas", "Aut...

{ "question": [ "Who operates the official export credit agency of the United States?", "How does the Export-Import Bank fulfill its obligations?", "How does the Export-Import Bank maintain its status as the official export credit agency?", "How certain is the Bank's continuing status as the official ...

CRS_R42433

{ "title": [ "", "Introduction", "What Is the Federal Health Center Program?", "Statutory Authority and General Requirements9", "Location Requirements", "Fee Schedule Requirements", "Medicaid Coordination and Reimbursement Requirements", "Governance Requirements", "Health Service R...

{ "question": [ "How is the federal health center program administered?", "How does the HRSA administer grants?", "As a result, how are federal health centers required to aid the community?", "To what extent are the federal health centers effective at providing a safety net?", "How does the progra...

GAO_GAO-17-35

{ "title": [ "Background", "The 2014 Ebola Outbreak in West Africa", "U.S. Role in Response to the Outbreak", "Funding the U.S. Government’s Response to the Outbreak", "USAID and State Have Obligated 58 Percent and Disbursed More than One-Third of $2.5 Billion in Ebola Funding", "USAID and Sta...

{ "question": [ "To what extent were USAID's reimbursements in accordance with the Act?", "How large were these reimbursements compared to the overall flow of reimbursements?", "Why might these reimbursements be cause for concern?", "To what extent were these reimbursements a failure of policy?", ...

GAO_GAO-17-182

{ "title": [ "Background", "Selected Federal Access Control Efforts have Similar Processes, but Three Key Factors Had an Impact on Stakeholders", "Access Control Efforts Follow Similar Processes, but Specific Characteristics of the Efforts Vary", "Access Control Efforts Have Different Impacts on Stake...

{ "question": [ "To what extent did the access control efforts have similar screening and credentialing processes?", "What types of infrastructure do these access control efforts focus on?", "What differences can be found between these access control efforts?", "What factors may pose challenges in the...

GAO_GAO-18-480

{ "title": [ "Background", "340B Program Eligibility", "Program Structure, Operation, and Key Requirements", "Contract Pharmacies", "HRSA’s Oversight of Covered Entities", "About One-Third of Covered Entities Had One or More Contract Pharmacies, and Pharmacy Characteristics Varied", "Selec...

{ "question": [ "What does the 340B Program do?", "What are covered entities?", "How do covered entities dispense drugs?", "What fees do these contracts include?", "To what extent do the reviewed covered entities provide some patients with discounts on 340B drugs?", "How large are the discount...

GAO_GAO-12-600T

{ "title": [ "Background", "MDA Experienced Mixed Progress in Development and Delivery Efforts", "Highly Concurrent Acquisition Strategies Often Lead to Performance, Cost, and Schedule Consequences", "Parts Quality Issues Have Also Had a Significant Effect on Performance, Cost, and Schedule", "Con...

{ "question": [ "What results came from the execution of MDA's FY2011 goals?", "What goals did the Aegis Ballistic Missile Defense program and the Terminal High Altitude Area Defense programs accomplish?", "To what extent did the assessed programs accomplish their goals?", "How did flight test failure...

GAO_GAO-13-760

{ "title": [ "Background", "Components of Direct and Indirect Costs", "Calculation of the Indirect Cost Rate", "Proposed Changes to OMB Circular No. A-21", "From 2002 to 2012, NIH Indirect Cost Reimbursements to Universities Increased Faster than for Direct Costs, with Most Going to a Small Number...

{ "question": [ "How have reimbursements from the NIH changed from FY2002 to FY2012?", "How does this compare to the FY2003 - FY2012 period?", "How did this increase occur?", "How uniformly were indirect cost reimbursement divided between universities?", "What trends are seen among universities wi...

CRS_R41484

{ "title": [ "", "Purpose and Scope", "Background", "Defining ROL", "Perceptions of Corruption in Afghanistan", "Afghanistan's Justice Sector Institutions", "Formal Justice Sector Institutions", "Supreme Court", "Office of the Attorney General", "Ministry of Justice", "Mini...

{ "question": [ "How important is developing effective Afghan justice sector institutions?", "What role does the rule of law play in the U.S. strategy for Afghanistan?", "To what extent has the U.S. implemented ROL?", "What programs are involved in ROL in Afghanistan?", "How are most U.S. efforts ...

CRS_R44857

{ "title": [ "", "Historical Background on the Use of Independent Investigations of Alleged Wrongdoing", "Special Prosecutors and Independent Counsels, as Authorized Under the Ethics in Government Act", "Appointment Process", "Role of the Attorney General", "Role of the Court", "Scope of A...

{ "question": [ "What authorities does the Constitution grant Congress?", "Where are criminal investigations and prosecutions generally assigned to?", "Why have there been calls for the executive branch to not process criminal investigations and prosecutions?", "What has Congress and the U.S. Departme...

GAO_GAO-14-246

{ "title": [ "Background", "NIH’s Organization", "Extramural and Intramural Research Supported by NIH", "NIH’s Research, Condition, and Disease Categorization System", "Individual Institutes and Centers Set Their Own Research Priorities Using a Variety of Approaches, Including Strategic Planning, ...

{ "question": [ "What the GAO find about the five ICs at the NIH that received the most amount of funding?", "Why do ICs need to set priorities for funding?", "What might the ICs need to consider as priorities in research projects?", "What did all ICs consider for setting priorities?", "What strat...

CRS_R44838

{ "title": [ "", "Introduction", "Title I: United States Weather Research and Forecasting Improvement", "Title II: Subseasonal and Seasonal Forecasting Innovation", "Title III: Weather Satellite and Data Innovation", "Title IV: Federal Weather Coordination", "Concluding Observations" ], ...

{ "question": [ "How does Congress direct NOAA's weather-related activities?", "What does this legislation aim to improve?", "What other topics does the legislation cover?", "What specifically does Title V of P.L. 115-25 cover?", "What else does the P.L. 115-25 include?", "What has resulted fr...

CRS_R42503

{ "title": [ "", "Introduction", "\"Cost to the Government\"", "\"Fair Value Cost\"", "Debate in Mid-1980s", "Proposed Credit Reform Legislation in 1987", "GAO's 1989 Report", "CBO's 1989 Report", "Federal Credit Reform Act of 1990", "CBO's 2004 Report", "President's 2010 F...

{ "question": [ "How does the US use federal credit?", "What is a direct loan?", "What is a loan guarantee?", "What was the status of outstanding loans at the end of FY2011?", "How were federal credit programs measured before FY1992?", "What was decided about loan guarantees?", "What optio...

CRS_R42347

{ "title": [ "", "Introduction", "The Role of Quality Measurement", "Payment Incentives for Quality", "The Role of Medicare", "Overview of Payment Incentives", "Public Reporting of Performance Information", "The Theory Underlying Public Reporting", "Issues with Consumer Use of Perf...

{ "question": [ "What efforts aim to improve quality of care in health care?", "What are some quality measurements that these incentives rely on?", "Why is the ability to compare performance essential?", "How have efforts to enhance provider accountability been put forward?", "How do these impleme...

CRS_R44585

{ "title": [ "", "Background", "Early History of Jurisdictional Waters", "Differing Agency Definitions Following the Clean Water Act", "EPA's Initial Definitions", "The Corps' Initial Definition", "Callaway and its Aftermath", "The Corps' Expansion of Jurisdictional Waters Following Ca...

{ "question": [ "What have all branches of the government struggled with?", "What was eradicated with the 1972 Amendments to the Clean Water Act?", "What did this amendment change in the wording of the act?", "Where is the federal authority to regulate waters derived from?", "How has the interpret...

CRS_R42130

{ "title": [ "", "Introduction", "The Medical Device Review Process: Premarket Requirements", "Device Classification", "Medical Device Marketing Applications", "Premarket Approval (PMA)", "PMA Supplements", "Evaluations of the PMA and PMA Supplement Process", "Humanitarian Device E...

{ "question": [ "What concern exists regarding the access of medical devices by consumers?", "Why is medical device regulation complex?", "What can medical device regulation affect?", "What organization is in charge of medical device review in the United States?", "What comprises the FDA's program...

GAO_GAO-14-190

{ "title": [ "Background", "Program Is Continuing to Meet Cost, Schedule, and Performance Estimates", "Key Acquisition Cost, Schedule, and Performance Metrics Have Remained Relatively Stable", "Funding Set Aside to Alleviate Program Risk Is Almost Depleted", "Program Stabilized the KC-46 Design an...

{ "question": [ "What was the status of Boeing's management reserves as of 2013?", "To what extent is the operational test and evaluation on track?", "Why might the evaluation be delayed?", "How did the program demonstrate the design's stability?", "What must be done to finalize the program over t...

CRS_R42327

{ "title": [ "", "Federal Role at Pavillion", "EPA Investigation Authority", "Related Federal Public Health Study", "Primary Findings of the EPA Draft Report", "Background", "Detecting Contamination in Groundwater", "Contaminants in Shallow Groundwater—Surface Pits", "Contaminants ...

{ "question": [ "Why did the EPA issue a draft report about groundwater contamination near Pavillion, Wyoming?", "How will the draft report be finalized?", "What are likely sources of groundwater contamination in this case?", "What was the EPA's conclusion with regards to the gas production wells?", ...

CRS_R42495

{ "title": [ "", "Insider Trading", "Commodity Exchange Act", "Initial Public Offerings (IPOs)", "Public Financial Disclosure Reports", "Elimination of Mortgage Exemption for Personal Residences of Certain Officials", "Prompt Public Reporting of Financial Transactions", "Internet Posti...

{ "question": [ "What does the the acronym of the STOCK Act stand for?", "How does the Act stop insider trading among Members of Congress?", "What is the \"duty\" of trust and confidentiality?", "How does the STOCK Act affect the financial transactions of federal officials?", "How does the Act aff...

GAO_GAO-18-116

{ "title": [ "Background", "The Kissell Amendment", "The Buy American Act", "DHS Obligations for Textile Procurements", "DHS Updated Policies and Procedures to Incorporate the Kissell Amendment Restriction", "DHS Procurement Policies Contain the Kissell Amendment Restriction", "DHS Has Pro...

{ "question": [ "How has the DHS updated its policies regarding textile restrictions?", "To what extent do new DHS contracts reflect the Kissell Amendment restriction?", "How does DHS ensure compliance with the Kissell Amendment?", "What procedures does the DHS use?", "What is the practical effect...

CRS_R41970

{ "title": [ "", "Introduction", "The Budget Control Act and the Fiscal Cliff", "The Timing of Deficit Reductions", "Long-Term Budget Issues: Overview", "Federal Spending and Taxes: Patterns over Time", "Distribution of Spending By Fundamental Economic Form: Government Goods and Services V...

{ "question": [ "What portion of federal spending is for the direct provision of domestic government services?", "As such, how would cutting this type of spending affect the deficit?", "What is discretionary spending?", "What is the largest source of federal spending?", "What portion of federal sp...

GAO_GAO-13-56

{ "title": [ "Background", "DHS’s Mission", "History and Administrative Structure of CAP", "Field Organization and Resources of CAP", "CAP Has Performed Certain Homeland Security Missions for Federal, State, and Local Customers", "Air Force Auxiliary Missions Include Some Homeland Security Act...

{ "question": [ "How is the CAP's flight time used?", "To what extent are CAP mission areas considered to be homeland security?", "How has the CAP helped other federal agencies?", "How has the CAP helped the Air Force?", "What does CAP do outside of participation in homeland security activities?",...

GAO_GAO-13-602T

{ "title": [ "DHS Continually Reviews Potential Overstay Records, but Unmatched Arrival Records Remain", "DHS Reviewed a Backlog of 1.6 Million Potential Overstay Records", "DHS Has More than 1 Million Unmatched Arrival Records", "DHS Has Actions Completed and Under Way to Improve Data, but the Effect...

{ "question": [ "How has the DHS addressed the issues raised in GAO's report on overstays?", "How large is the backlog of overstay records?", "How does DHS process arrival and departure records?", "According to GAO, how do most \"overstays\" enter the United States?", "How have the DHS's changes a...

GAO_GAO-14-633

{ "title": [ "Background", "IRS Tools to Combat Identity Theft Refund Fraud", "During Tax Return Processing", "After Issuing Refunds (Post-Refund)", "Performance Management Information and Controls Help Agencies Assure Results and Best Use of Federal Resources", "In Filing Season 2013, IRS Est...

{ "question": [ "How does IDT refund fraud work?", "How can the model be changed to prevent IDT refund fraud?", "Why can't the IRS currently do such matching?", "What changes would allow the IRS to conduct such matching?", "What has Treasury proposed regarding W-2 deadlines?", "To what extent ...

CRS_R45488

{ "title": [ "", "Introduction", "IMO Emissions Standards and LNG", "U.S. Obligations Under the IMO", "Emission Control Areas", "Emissions Control Options for Ship Owners", "Low-Sulfur Fuel Oils", "Scrubbers", "LNG-Fueled Engines", "Jones Act Fleet Choosing LNG-Fueled Engines",...

{ "question": [ "How does the IMO plan to change maximum sulfur content in vessel fuels?", "What does Annex VI require regarding sulfur emissions?", "How might vessel operators meet the IMO 2020 standards?", "How do LNG engines compare to scrubbers?", "What does LNG bunkering require?", "How p...

CRS_R43929

{ "title": [ "", "Introduction", "Overview of the Determination of Title I-A Grants Under Current Law", "LEA Grant Determinations", "School Grant Determinations", "State Option: Overview and Possible Issues", "LEA Grant Determinations", "School Grant Determinations", "Analysis of t...

{ "question": [ "How are Title I-A grants to LEAs calculated?", "What requirements must LEAs meet?", "How is grant information used?", "How are the funds provided to LEAs?", "How would the state option alter Title I-A LEA grants?", "How could states reallocate Title I-A funds?", "What chil...

CRS_RL31657

{ "title": [ "", "Introduction", "Economic Factors Opposing Parity8", "Impact of Managed Behavioral Health Care", "State Mental Health Parity Laws19", "Mental Health Parity Act of 1996", "Enforcement of MHPA", "Enforcement Provisions", "Tax Code", "ERISA", "PHSA", "Exis...

{ "question": [ "What mental health parity legislation has the 110th Congress passed?", "To what extent have these bills found support?", "To what extent do health insurance groups support the legislation?", "How have past attempts at mental health parity legislation fared?", "How does private cov...

GAO_GAO-18-226

{ "title": [ "Background", "DOD Included Information on the Six Required Reporting Elements but Additional Information May Benefit the Commission’s Ongoing Review", "DOD Included Information on the Six Required Reporting Elements in Its Report", "Additional Information May Be Useful for the Commission...

{ "question": [ "What did the fifth required reporting element require from DOD?", "How did DOD respond to this requirement?", "Why did DOD not conduct additional analysis?", "What did GAO recommend regarding DOD's requirements for selective service?", "How did DOD respond to the recommendation?",...

CRS_RL34361

{ "title": [ "", "Introduction1", "Franked Calls Versus Campaign Calls", "Federal Disclaimer and Disclosure Requirements", "Federal Election Commission Requirements", "Federal Communications Commission Requirements", "Automated Political Calls: Uses and Industry", "The Automated Politi...

{ "question": [ "How are prerecorded messages used in political campaigns?", "How are these automated calls received by the general public?", "How do these negative factors measure up against the positive ones?", "Why are automated calls a versatile and agile tool?", "What data exists regarding au...

GAO_GAO-16-245

{ "title": [ "Background", "BSEE’s Ongoing Restructuring Has Made Limited Progress Enhancing Its Investigative Capabilities", "BSEE’s Investigative Policies and Procedures Have Not Changed Since the Deepwater Horizon Incident, and the Bureau Does Not Have the Capability to Analyze Incident Data", "The...

{ "question": [ "To what extent has the restructuring of BSEE enhanced the bureau's investigative capabilities?", "What progress has BSEE made towards updating its policies?", "How are Interior's policies lacking?", "Why must the policies be updated as soon as possible?", "How does BSEE's restruct...

GAO_GAO-12-809

{ "title": [ "Background", "Overview of DHS Roles and Responsibilities and the Information Sharing Environment", "Federal Statutes and Strategies Governing Information Sharing", "DHS Has Made Progress in Advancing Key Information- Sharing Initiatives, but Additional Steps Could Help Sustain Such Effor...

{ "question": [ "How has DHS made progress on its information sharing mission?", "How has DHS shown leadership?", "Why can't DHS share information as effectively as it should?", "Why is DHS's progress slowing?", "How does DHS plan to address the slowed progress?", "How is DHS tracking informat...

GAO_GAO-14-6

{ "title": [ "Background", "Assistance to GM", "Assistance to Ally Financial", "Financial Condition of GM and Ally Financial", "General Motors’s Financial Results Have Been Increasingly Positive Since Receiving Federal Assistance, but Questions Remain", "Treasury Is Working to Exit from Its Re...

{ "question": [ "Why is GM showing increasingly positive financial results?", "How is GM showing positive financial results?", "What challenges is GM still facing despite positive financial results?", "What effect did Treasury have on Ally Financial?", "How has Ally Financial stabilized or improve...

GAO_GAO-12-42

{ "title": [ "Background", "Risk Assessment and Risk Management", "The May 2009 IRIS Process", "EPA’s Progress in Completing Assessments under Its Revised Process Has Been Limited", "Improvements to the IRIS Process", "Initial Gains in Productivity under the Revised Process Have Not Been Susta...

{ "question": [ "What benefits has EPA's revisions to the IRIS process had?", "How has EPA's progress been limited?", "Why did EPA's progress initially increase?", "Why has EPA's recent progress been limited?", "Why is EPA unable to start new assessments?", "How did the National Academies sugg...

GAO_GAO-16-182

{ "title": [ "Background", "FDA’s Reliance on IT", "FDA IT Governance", "Our Prior Work Has Included Recommendations to Address FDA’s Challenges with IT Strategic Planning and Management", "Changes in FDA’s IT Management Structure and Strategy", "FDA Has Developed a New IT Strategic Plan, but ...

{ "question": [ "What plan has FDA developed?", "Why was the plan developed?", "What does the plan contain?", "What is the FDA plan lacking?", "How specifically is the plan lacking?", "What did FDA's CIO claim the plan was developed for?", "How can the plan meet this purpose?", "How ha...

CRS_R40159

{ "title": [ "", "Background", "Key Legislation in Prior Congresses", "Issues for Congress", "Government Leadership, Organization, and Capacity", "The Presidential Transition", "Executive Branch Organization", "Federal Leadership and Coordination", "Strategic Planning", "HHS Re...

{ "question": [ "Why did congressional interest in systems that deal with public health threats increase?", "How did Congress act on this increased interest?", "What matters was the 110th Congress focused on?", "How will the 111th Congress be involved in public health threats?", "What will the 111...

GAO_GAO-15-724

{ "title": [ "Background", "History of ASEAN", "ASEAN Country Economies", "Governance of ASEAN", "ASEAN Economic and Connectivity Initiatives", "U.S. Goals for Southeast Asia", "Chinese Goals for Southeast Asia", "China Has Surpassed the United States in Trade in Goods with ASEAN Count...

{ "question": [ "How do US and Chinese economic engagements compare?", "How did China's goods trade with ASEAN compare to US?", "How did US and China trade with ASEAN with regards to services in 2011?", "How did US foreign direct investment to ASEAN compare to China?", "How do FTAs of US and China...

GAO_GAO-17-322

{ "title": [ "Background", "DOD’s Acquisition Guidance and Framework for Managing MAIS Acquisitions", "Leading Practices for Managing an IT Acquisition Program", "Most Selected MAIS Programs Had Changes in Their Planned Cost or Schedule Estimates, and Half Met Their Technical Performance Targets", ...

{ "question": [ "What did GAO notice about the MAIS programs it reviewed?", "What cost changes did the MAIS programs experience?", "What schedule and target changes did the MAIS programs experience?", "Why did 4 programs partially meet their targets?", "How can a risk management process be effecti...

CRS_RL34647

{ "title": [ "", "Introduction", "The Cost Structure in a Payment Card Transaction", "The Components", "Merchant Restraints", "The Optimal Payment Card System", "The Problem with Cost Regulation", "Allowing Merchants to Pass Through the Interchange Fees", "The Durbin Interchange Fe...

{ "question": [ "What is an interchange fee?", "How do merchants and cardholders deal with interchange fees?", "How have interchange fees been changing?", "What issue do merchants have with interchange fees?", "Why do economists believe there are higher interchange fees?", "What must banks do ...

CRS_R45451

{ "title": [ "", "Introduction", "EPA's Greenhouse Gas Regulations", "Standards for Power Plants (Clean Power Plan and NSPS)", "Standards for the Oil and Gas Industry", "Standards for Motor Vehicles", "Air Quality Standards", "Background", "EPA's Review of the NAAQS", "2020 Rev...

{ "question": [ "To what extent is the Trump Administration committed to examining past EPA rules?", "What was the purpose of Executive Order 13783?", "What was the main focus of Executive Order 13783?", "How far-reaching is the Executive Order, and how is it being implemented?", "How does the Tru...

GAO_GAO-17-188

{ "title": [ "Background", "Financial Regulators", "Prudential Regulators for the Banking Industry", "Consumer Financial Protection Bureau", "Regulatory Analyses in Federal Rulemaking", "Interagency Coordination Requirements in Dodd- Frank Act Rulemakings", "Agencies Reported Conducting Re...

{ "question": [ "How was the implementation of regulations ensured throughout the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and the Dodd-Frank Act?", "How was the analysis process conducted?", "Were all of the rules analyzed equally?", "Why were some rules not analyzed?", "How did GAO review rules to check if...

CRS_R44286

{ "title": [ "", "Introduction", "Unutilized and Underutilized Building Data", "Disposal of Unneeded Building Space", "Limitations of Data Available on the Disposal Process", "Building Utilization", "Operating Costs", "Disposition", "Leased Space Data", "Limitations on the Data...

{ "question": [ "How large are the real-estate holdings of the federal executive branch?", "To what extent is management of these holdings a concern for Congress?", "Why is the management of these holdings potentially concerning?", "How does this report analyze the attempted oversight process?", "...

CRS_R42821

{ "title": [ "", "Executive Order 12866 and the IRCs", "Cost-Benefit Analysis Requirements Under Executive Order 12866", "OMB Circular A-4", "Executive Orders 13563 and 13579", "Cost-Benefit Analysis by the IRCs: Current Requirements and Practices", "Cross-Cutting Analytical Requirements",...

{ "question": [ "How does the government ensure that new regulations are properly implemented?", "How do these procedures ensure that the regulation is published and reviewed?", "How has the APA led to further review of regulations?", "How could Congress change the rulemaking process?", "How does ...

GAO_GAO-15-524

{ "title": [ "Background", "Electricity Generation and Consumption in the United States", "Federal and State Actions That Have Influenced Electricity Generation and Consumption", "Electricity Reliability", "Federal and State Regulation of Electricity", "The Electricity Generation Mix Has Shift...

{ "question": [ "How have energy sources changed over time?", "Have these changes been observed \"across the board\" (universally)?", "To what extent are the changes due to the energy production of a few regions?", "How has electricity consumption changed?", "Why has caused system operators to exp...

GAO_GAO-14-145T

{ "title": [ "Trends in DOD’s Portfolio of Major Acquisitions", "One Side of the Acquisition Process: Stated Policy", "Another Side of Acquisition: Incentives", "Several Factors Create Incentives to Deviate from Sound Acquisition Practices", "Conflicting Demands", "Where Do We Go from Here?" ...

{ "question": [ "Have the weapon system investments of the DOD had good outcomes for their price?", "How have the outcomes of the investments changed recently?", "What aspects of the investments have improved the recent outcomes?", "How can the DOD further improve its outcomes?", "How does the acq...

GAO_GAO-15-234

{ "title": [ "Background", "HUBZone Designations Can Change Relatively Frequently but SBA Communications May Not Reach All Affected Firms", "Designations for HUBZone Areas Regularly Change", "SBA’s Communications about HUBZone Program Changes May Not Have Reached All Affected Firms", "SBA’s Review...

{ "question": [ "How is the SBA's designation of HUBZones lacking in its communication with the community?", "How is the designation defined?", "How is the transition back from a HUBZone status handled?", "How is the notification process flawed?", "How has the SBA responded to GAO reports?", "...

CRS_RL34036

{ "title": [ "", "Overview", "Milk Income Loss Contract (MILC) Program", "Background", "2008 Farm Bill Provisions and Issues", "MILC Provisions in the 2008 Farm Bill", "CBO Cost Estimates", "Administration and Industry Positions", "MILC Payments and 2008 Farm Bill Implementation", ...

{ "question": [ "What do participating dairy farmers receive through participation in the MILC program?", "What flexibilities in payment percentage rates and target prices are there for participating farmers?", "How do opinions about this program vary between milk producers in the Northeast and Upper Midw...

CRS_R43506

{ "title": [ "", "Introduction", "Medicaid Financial Eligibility for Long-Term Services and Supports", "General Asset Rules", "Home Equity Limits", "Spousal Impoverishment Protections", "Asset Transfers", "Treatment of Certain Types of Assets", "Annuities", "Fees for Continuing...

{ "question": [ "What is Medicaid?", "How was Medicaid established?", "What are the prerequisites to qualify for Medicaid?", "What are some baseline rules for determining eligibility?", "What are states required to provide under federal Medicaid law?", "How can states' criteria differ from the...

CRS_R45725

{ "title": [ "", "Introduction", "Legislative Context", "Shipbuilding Costs Debated", "Statement of U.S. Maritime Policy", "What the Jones Act Requires", "Regulatory Background", "\"U.S.-Built\" Vessel Defined", "Passenger Vessel Itineraries", "Offshore Oil and Gas Vessels", ...

{ "question": [ "What does the Jones Act mandate?", "What entities benefit from this act?", "Why has this act come under fire?", "What are some recent examples of when this act has been discussed?", "Why has this act become the subject of attention?", "What precedent was there before the Jones...

CRS_RS22955

{ "title": [ "", "Recent COOL Developments", "Overview of COOL", "Authorizing Legislation", "USDA Regulations and Secretary's Statement to Implement COOL", "Costs and Benefits", "Key Provisions of COOL", "Defining and Labeling Origin for Meats", "Changes Made from Interim Rule to F...

{ "question": [ "How have retail stores been forced to respond since the final rule to implement country-of-origin labeling (COOL) took effect?", "How were the rules legalized?", "What dispute settlement case happened as a result of COOL for beef and pork?", "What did Canada and Mexico argue when they...

CRS_R42077

{ "title": [ "", "What Are the Unified Command Plan (UCP) and Combatant Commands (COCOMs)?", "Introduction", "Unified Command Plan (UCP)", "Combatant Command (COCOM)", "Functional Combatant Commands", "Geographic Combatant Commands", "Origins of the UCP", "Outline Command Plan 1946...

{ "question": [ "Cannot make a question.", "What are some potential issues for Congress regarding this plan?", "What is a possible concern regarding COCOMs?", "Why might separate COCOMs apart from the current nine be necessary?", "Why might Congress propose alternative organizational structures fo...

CRS_R44489

{ "title": [ "", "Introduction", "Background", "Congressional Consideration", "TPP's Strategic Context5", "Economic Significance15", "U.S.-TPP Trade and Investment28", "Relationship to Existing Trade Organizations and Agreements", "TPP and the WTO", "The TPP and Other Asia-Paci...

{ "question": [ "What is the TPP?", "How does the TPP differ from previous free trade agreements?", "Economically, how does this FTA affect the U.S?", "What does Congress need to do to allow the agreement to enter into force?", "What governing body would consider the legislation?", "What porti...

GAO_GAO-14-501

{ "title": [ "Background", "Federal Role", "Types of Land-use Agreements and Their Benefits", "Land-use Agreement Data and Monitoring", "VA Does Not Maintain Reliable Data on the Number of Land-use Agreements and Their Associated Revenues", "Additional Monitoring at Three VA Medical Centers Co...

{ "question": [ "How have land-use agreements specifically been a place of concern within the GAO's findings?", "What is particularly troubling about the VA's shared partners at the New York Center?", "How did the VA attempt to rectify this error?", "Why is there cause for continued concerned regardin...

GAO_GAO-14-231

{ "title": [ "Background", "NNSA Identified Various Cost Drivers for the Plutonium Disposition Program’s Construction Projects", "NNSA Has Not Analyzed Root Causes of the Cost Increases for the Plutonium Disposition Program’s Construction Projects", "NNSA Has Taken Steps to Hold Contractors Accountabl...

{ "question": [ "What has NNSA still not done regarding the program construct cost increases which may be essential to do going forward?", "How does the NNSA currently decide whether to conduct a root cause analysis of cost increases?", "Without a root cause analysis, what struggles will the NNSA continue...

CRS_R43509

{ "title": [ "", "Introduction", "Overview of CJS", "FY2014 and FY2015 Appropriations for CJS", "Survey of Selected Issues", "Department of Commerce", "Department of Justice", "Science Agencies", "Related Agencies", "Department of Commerce9", "FY2014 and FY2015 Appropriatio...

{ "question": [ "How have appropriations for CJS changed from 2005 to 2014?", "Why did CJS appropriations peak in 2010?", "What has been the state of CJS appropriations since 2010?", "What caused the decline in CJS appropriations from 2010 to 2014?", "How have the funding cuts affected NASA?", ...

CRS_R43300

{ "title": [ "", "Introduction", "Structure of this Report", "Other CRS Reports on CCS", "Background", "Overview", "Current Research and Development (R&D) Activities", "Future Outlook" ], "paragraphs": [ "", "Congressional interest in carbon capture and sequestration (or ca...

{ "question": [ "What are the drawbacks of current carbon capture processes?", "What is the drawback of coal-fired and gas-fired power plants in U.S. CO2 emissions?", "How are new projects affecting power plants?", "How do current R&D activities seek to improve carbon capture technology?", "What f...

CRS_R45736

{ "title": [ "", "Introduction", "Effects on Output and Investment", "Projections of Output Effects", "Output Growth in 2018", "Contribution of Consumption Growth", "Contribution of Investment Growth", "Effects on Revenues", "Effects on Effective Tax Rates", "Effective Corporat...

{ "question": [ "How did the GDP change in 2018?", "How do GDP growth rates reflect the effect of tax cuts?", "How were the growth patterns inconsistent with expectations?", "How might this outcome affect further growth?", "How did CBO's first baseline update estimate changes to taxes?", "How ...

CRS_RS21232

{ "title": [ "", "Introduction", "Current Grazing Fee Formula and Distribution of Receipts", "The Fee Formula", "Distribution of Receipts", "History of Fee Evaluation and Reform Attempts", "Current Issues", "Fee Level", "State and Private Grazing Fees", "Grazing Without Paying ...

{ "question": [ "What new change will affect BLM and FS in 2019?", "What are the attributes of this new fee?", "How has the BLM and FS grazing fee changed over time?", "How has the fee changed in recent decades?", "How are grazing fees used?", "How is the agency's portion of the fee used?", ...

GAO_GAO-13-27

{ "title": [ "Background", "FECA Eligibility", "Application Process for FECA Program Benefits for Volunteers", "From 2009 through 2011, DOL Provided about $36 Million in Health Care and Other Benefits for Volunteers", "The Peace Corps Uses Information on Volunteers’ Awareness of FECA, but Neither ...

{ "question": [ "How did the DOL support Peace Corps volunteers from 2009 through 2011?", "How was this money allocated to various types of benefits?", "What was the scale of the volunteer population during this period?", "What were the most common health conditions treated under DOL reimbursements?",...

GAO_GAO-12-112

{ "title": [ "Background", "In Addition to Its Selection Criteria, ARPA-E Also Considers Applicants’ Prior Sources of Private Funding; However, Most Award Winners We Reviewed Did Not Explain This Information", "ARPA-E Program Directors Use the Agency’s Four Selection Criteria and Other Considerations to S...

{ "question": [ "Why is ARPA-E working with other DOE offices?", "How can this collaboration help to address funding gaps?", "How do officials from other offices and agencies contribute to the ARPA-E application review process?", "What is a potential benefit to this type of cross-agency interaction?" ...

CRS_RL32314

{ "title": [ "", "Why a U.S.-Thailand FTA?", "Thailand's Economy and Trade Orientation", "U.S.-Thailand Commercial Relations", "Issues in the FTA Negotiations", "Trade in Goods", "Agricultural Trade", "Intellectual Property Rights", "Trade in Services", "Investment", "Statu...

{ "question": [ "What information was included in the letter from Robert Zoellick?", "Why did the letter state that an FTA would be beneficial?", "What other issues needed to be addressed, according to the letter?", "Why is Thailand considered a strong candidate for an FTA with the U.S.?", "How wo...

CRS_RL34249

{ "title": [ "", "Major Provisions", "Individual Tax Revision", "Revisions in the AMT", "Tax Benefits for Lower-Income Individuals", "Tax Increases on High-Income Individuals", "Individual Base Broadening", "Distributional Effects", "Extenders", "Corporate Tax Provisions", ...

{ "question": [ "How was the Tax Reduction and Tax Reform Act of 2007 introduced?", "Why is the AMT increasingly problematic?", "What were the main provisions of the Act?", "How did the plan address corporate taxes and businesses?", "How did the plan propose offsetting these expenses?", "What ...

CRS_RL34263

{ "title": [ "", "Sputnik and America's \"Sputnik Moment\"", "Why Was Sputnik So Influential?", "Why Is Sputnik Important to Today's Policies?", "What Are the Activities of Other Nations and the Commercial Sector in Space Exploration?", "What Is the Nation's Current Civilian Space Policy?", ...

{ "question": [ "What was Sputnik?", "Why did the \"space age\" begin?", "How did the Cold War impact U.S. policymakers' perception of the Sputnik launch?", "How did the U.S. government respond to the \"Sputnik moment\"?", "According to an Eisenhower presidential committee, what are the fundamenta...

CRS_R43211

{ "title": [ "", "Introduction", "Background", "Geological and Ecological Characteristics of the Salton Sea", "Salton Sea and the Quantification Settlement Agreement", "Environmental Concerns in the Salton Sea", "Restoration Efforts in the Salton Sea", "Current Restoration in the Salto...

{ "question": [ "How was the Salton Sea created?", "How is the Salton Sea sustained?", "How does the Salton Sea serve its inhabitants?", "How has the Salton Sea been altered over time?", "How are efforts being created for restoration plans for the Salton Sea?", "How are the State of California...

CRS_RL32293

{ "title": [ "", "Introduction", "Methodological Differences Between the Standard CPI and the C-CPI-U", "The CPI-U and CPI-W", "The C-CPI-U", "Statistical Differences Between the CPI and C-CPI-U", "Policy Considerations" ], "paragraphs": [ "", "This report provides technical an...

{ "question": [ "What measure of inflation did the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics publish?", "What groups are included in the collective CPI?", "Why is the CPI more powerful than just being an economic indicator?", "Why is the CPI an important policy lever?", "How is the supplemental measure publ...

GAO_GAO-18-679

{ "title": [ "Background", "Most Programs Use Income to Determine Student Eligibility and Consider Various Factors When Setting Scholarship Award Amounts", "Eligibility Requirements", "Scholarship Uses and Amounts", "Effect of TCS Donations on Taxes Owed Depends on Factors Such as Tax Credit Perce...

{ "question": [ "How do most TCS programs determine the eligibility of students for scholarships?", "How do the income limits range amoung programs?", "What are the different requirements and methods for how students use their scholarships and for calculating scholarship amounts?", "What did the avera...

CRS_R43152

{ "title": [ "", "Introduction", "The Safe Drinking Water Act and the Federal Role in Regulation of Underground Injection", "Review of Relevant SDWA UIC Provisions5", "The Debate over Regulation of Hydraulic Fracturing Under the SDWA", "The LEAF Challenge to the Alabama UIC Program and EPA's I...

{ "question": [ "How is hydraulic fracturing used?", "How has horizontal drilling affected U.S. oil and natural gas reserves?", "Why have hydraulic fracturing and related oil and gas activities been controversial?", "How do environmental statutes affect regulations for hydraulic fracturing?", "Wha...

CRS_R44713

{ "title": [ "", "Introduction", "Background", "AU Goals and Objectives", "Structure", "Current Leadership and Issues", "Peace and Security", "Justice Issues", "African Court on Human and People's Rights: Developments, Prospective Changes, and Implications for the ICC in Africa", ...

{ "question": [ "How have U.S. relations with the African Union been over the past decade?", "What is the focus of the U.S. - AU cooperation?", "What are the other areas of U.S. - AU cooperation?", "What level is the U.S. aid in the AU Commission?", "Why did President George W. Bush recognize the ...

GAO_GAO-13-381

{ "title": [ "Background", "SFA Advisor Team Mission and Goals Are Broadly Defined; Advisor Teams Varied in the Extent to Which Their Approaches Identified Specific Objectives and Activities Linked to Goals", "DOD and ISAF Have Defined the Mission and Broad Goals for Advisor Teams for Various Types of ANS...

{ "question": [ "How are the teams in the DOD and the Internation Security Assistance Force varied?", "What are the qualities of the SFA and the theater commanders for success and strength?", "Why did the structure not work for some of the teams?", "How did the ANSF respond to the guidance?", "How...

CRS_R40476

{ "title": [ "", "Introduction", "Transfer, Disposal, and Leasing Authorities", "Local Redevelopment Authorities (LRAs)", "Transfers for Federal Utilization", "DOD Components or Other Agencies", "Public Domain Lands39", "Transfers for Non-Federal Utilization", "Homeless Assistance"...

{ "question": [ "Why do properties have to be screened?", "What is included in \"public benefit transfers\"?", "What situation would make it possible to dispose BRAC property?", "What processes are authorized by the law?", "How was the BRAC property transfer process been altered?", "Why did th...

GAO_GAO-15-775

{ "title": [ "Background", "V2I Deployment Efforts Are in the Early Stages and Extensive U.S. Deployment May Occur over the Next Few Decades", "DOT and Various Stakeholders Are Developing and Testing V2I Technologies through Small Test Deployments", "DOT and Stakeholders Are Collaborating and Developi...

{ "question": [ "What do V2I technologies do?", "What research is being done with V2I technologies?", "How will DOT support V2I technologies?", "How will V2I technologies be deployed?", "Why are the benefits and costs of V2I technologies unclear?", "What benefits could V2I technologies provide...

CRS_R42492

{ "title": [ "", "Introduction", "Manufacturing for Commercial Space", "Launch Vehicles", "Spacecraft", "Satellites", "Employment in the U.S. Space Industry", "Policy Issues", "Export Controls and Commercial Satellites39", "Spectrum Allocation, Regulation, and Demand for Satell...

{ "question": [ "What does the space industry refer to?", "What is the space industry?", "How was the space industry developed?", "What is space oriented manufacturing?", "What is the focus of this report?", "Why has the US competitive position in the space industry eroded?", "Why will the...

GAO_GAO-18-272

{ "title": [ "Background", "USDA Has Revised Some Existing Pathogen Standards but Has Not Revised Others in Decades and Has No Time Frames for Revision", "USDA Is Taking Additional Steps to Address Pathogen Reduction Challenges That We Identified in 2014, but These Challenges Are Ongoing", "Conclusion...

{ "question": [ "Why has the USDA developed standards?", "What is the problem with the standards?", "How are these standards problematic?", "Why would it be beneficial for the USDA to document its process for deciding products to consider for new standards?", "What steps is USDA taking?", "Wha...

GAO_GAO-12-833

{ "title": [ "Background", "Nearly All Program Managers Surveyed Reported Significant Challenges", "Most Major Programs Reported Their Planned Capabilities Changed after Initiation", "Most Major Programs Reported They Experienced Funding Instability", "Most Major Programs Reported They Experienced...

{ "question": [ "What did GAO find when surveying DHS program managers?", "What challenges did the managers face?", "What does DHS lack?", "What insights did GAO gain?", "What does DHS acquisition policy reflect?", "What does DHS acquisition policy require?", "What does DHS's culture empha...

GAO_GAO-13-258

{ "title": [ "Background", "KC-46 Program Cost, Schedule, and Performance Estimates Remain Unchanged but There Are Some Concerns as Development Progresses", "Quantities, Schedule, Cost, and Expected Performance Unchanged Since Program Start", "Development Contract Cost Estimates Exceed the Contract Ce...

{ "question": [ "What does the KC-46 program estimate?", "What has the program done as a result of a prior GAO recommendation?", "What concerns are there regarding program cost?", "What does GAO indicate about these concerns?", "How is the program addressing key challenges?", "What is addition...

CRS_RL33776

{ "title": [ "", "Introduction", "Climate Change", "Legislative Issues", "Should Greenhouse Gases Be Regulated as Air Pollutants?", "Should Legislation Focus on Individual Sectors, the Economy as a Whole, or Both?", "Is Cap-and-Trade the Best Approach?", "What Role for Carbon Taxes?", ...

{ "question": [ "What were the highest priorities for committees with jurisdiction over air issues?", "How were other clean air issues addressed?", "What climate-related oversight issues exist?", "What was the outcome of Massachusetts v. EPA?", "What was the outcome of New Jersey v. EPA?", "Wh...

GAO_GAO-14-676

{ "title": [ "Background", "VA’s Role in Supporting Veterans during Their Readjustment to Civilian Life", "Characteristics of Veterans Readjusting to Civilian Life", "The Readjustment Process for Veterans", "Veterans Experience Difficulty When Readjusting to Civilian Life but Extent Is Unknown", ...

{ "question": [ "How have veterans who served in the military after September 11, 2001 readjusted to civilian life?", "What do difficulties veterans face include?", "How does VA plan to help veterans?", "Why will it be difficult for VA to help veterans?", "What information is available to VA?", ...

CRS_RL33661

{ "title": [ "", "A Slowdown in the Supply of Labor", "Which Employers Are Most Likely to be Affected?", "Baby-Boom Dependent Industries", "Baby-Boom Dependent Occupations", "A Baby-Boom Induced Shortage of Labor?", "An \"Adequate\" Number of Workers", "The Supply of Labor Domestically...

{ "question": [ "What does the unemployment rate of 2007 suggest?", "How will baby-boomers affect retirement group in America?", "How will the baby-boomers affect the US economy?", "Why is an actual shortage of workers unlikely in the long run?", "What is a key assumption of the labor shortage sce...

CRS_R41870

{ "title": [ "", "Most Recent Developments", "FY2011 Continuing Resolution, Related Actions, and Prior Year Funding", "Status of FY2012 Appropriations", "Action on the FY2012 Legislative Branch Appropriations Bill", "Submission of FY2012 Budget Request on February 14, 2011", "Senate and Ho...

{ "question": [ "What did the legislative branch submit on February 15, 2011?", "How does this submission compare to funds provided for FY2011?", "What did the FY2011 act provide?", "What did the House Appropriations Committee Subcommittee hold in July 2011?", "What did the committee order in July...

CRS_R40227

{ "title": [ "", "Introduction", "Background", "GAO Bid Protests", "Number of Bid Protest Cases Filed With GAO", "Number of Government Procurements Protested", "Number of Bid Protests Sustained by GAO", "Changing Trends in GAO Protests: Comparing Rate of Protests to Rate of Obligations...

{ "question": [ "Why have bid protests on federal government contracts received congressional scrutiny?", "What have concerns over delays triggered and prompted?", "What did the House and Senate do to deal with concerns?", "What is the effectiveness rate?", "How has the effectiveness rate changed ...

GAO_GAO-15-771

{ "title": [ "Background", "Types of E-cigarettes", "U.S. E-cigarette Market", "E-Cigarette Use among U.S. Adults and Adolescents", "Proposed Rule to Subject Additional Products, Including E-cigarettes, to FDA’s Tobacco Regulation", "Taxation of E-cigarettes", "Effect of E-cigarette Use on...

{ "question": [ "What did GAO's analysis find about e-cigarettes?", "What explanations are there for GAO's finding?", "What does data from a study by Centers for Disease Control and Prevention suggest?", "What could happen if this data trend continues?", "How is the use of cigarettes in the United...

GAO_GAO-15-34

{ "title": [ "Background", "Key Environmental Laws Allow Deadline Suits and EPA Considers Several Factors in Responding to Those Suits", "Key Environmental Laws Allow Citizens to File Deadline Suits to Compel EPA Rulemaking", "EPA and DOJ Consider Several Factors in Deciding Whether to Settle Deadline...

{ "question": [ "What laws did GAO identify?", "What did these laws include?", "How do EPA and DOG decide whether to settle a deadline suit?", "What did the terms of settlements in EPA deadline lawsuits establish?", "What did the settlements not include?", "What does the Clean Air Act require ...

GAO_GAO-17-309

{ "title": [ "Background", "DOD Used Prototyping to Reduce Technical Risks, Validate Designs, and Investigate Integration Challenges on Major Weapon Acquisition Programs", "Major Acquisition Programs Selected Prototyping Approaches That Addressed Key Risks", "Major Acquisition Program Officials Stated...

{ "question": [ "Why does DOD use prototyping on its MDAP?", "What did GAO review with regards to prototyping?", "What information did prototyping provide?", "What initiatives has DOD developed?", "What problems do these initiatives face?", "What are enablers for DOD's efforts?", "How is D...

CRS_R41782

{ "title": [ "", "Procedures", "Deadlines and Contents", "Exception for Credit Card and Third Party Network Payments", "Penalties", "Civil Penalties for Information Returns Due Before 2011", "Civil Penalties for Information Returns Due in 2011 or Later", "Criminal Penalties in Cases of...

{ "question": [ "Why might taxpayers be more likely to report items of income on their tax returns?", "What is a problem with expanding reporting requirements?", "How was this problem highlighted recently?", "What was the result of the objections?", "What is required by IRC § 6041?", "What is ...

CRS_R43024

{ "title": [ "", "Recent Developments", "Introduction", "Cuba's Political and Economic Situation", "Brief Historical Background1", "Political Conditions", "Human Rights Conditions", "Economic Conditions and Reform Efforts", "Cuba's Foreign Relations", "North Korean Ship Inciden...

{ "question": [ "How has Cuba's political succession changed?", "What did Raúl Castro implement?", "What did a party congress in 2011 lay out?", "Why are these goals not expected to be achieved?", "How did Obama Administration continue dual-track approach in Cuba?", "What did the Administrati...

CRS_R41664

{ "title": [ "", "Overview of Health Reform Law", "Coverage Expansions and Market Reforms: Pre-2014", "Coverage Expansions and Market Reforms: Beginning in 2014", "Health Care Quality and Payment Incentives", "Estimated Costs and Impact of Health Reform", "Implementation and Oversight", ...

{ "question": [ "What was the response to ACA?", "How did the individual mandate play out in these challenges?", "How did Medicaid play out in these challenges?", "What did the Supreme Court find in National Federation of Independent Business v. Sebelius?", "How did the Court qualify this decision...

CRS_R44234

{ "title": [ "", "Introduction", "Criteria Used by Senators to Evaluate Nominees", "Professional Qualifications", "Judicial Philosophy or Ideology", "Views of Peers, Constituents, Interest Groups, and Others", "Diversity Considerations", "Senate Institutional Factors or Prerogatives", ...

{ "question": [ "How does the Constitution establish the procedure for appointing a Supreme Court Justice?", "What does the \"Appointments Clause\" state?", "Has this process changed since the writing of the Constitution?", "What does this report concern?", "Why is the appointment of a Supreme Cou...

CRS_R43343

{ "title": [ "", "Introduction", "Coal and Existing U.S. Coal Power Plants", "Coal and Greenhouse Gas Emissions", "Types of U.S. Coal-Fired Power Plants", "U.S. Coal Power Plants Are Aging", "Efficiency of Power Plants and Power Plant Systems", "Efficiency Improvements to Reduce GHG Em...

{ "question": [ "What is coal used for?", "Why is coal problematic?", "What efforts have been proposed to curb GHG emissions?", "What was the first of these requirements?", "What other requirements are expected?", "How will EPA likely target its next requirements?", "How does decreased eff...