README.md

metadata

license: mit
task_categories:
  - translation
language:
  - en
tags:
  - assembly
  - deobfuscation
  - llvm-ir
  - aarch64
  - binary-analysis
  - reverse-engineering
  - code
  - obfuscation
  - tigress
  - exebench
pretty_name: Obfuscated ExeBench (AArch64)
size_categories:
  - 100K<n<1M
configs:
  - config_name: default
    data_files:
      - split: train
        path: data/train-*
      - split: test_flatten
        path: data/test_flatten-*
      - split: test_encode_arithmetic
        path: data/test_encode_arithmetic-*
      - split: test_combined
        path: data/test_combined-*
dataset_info:
  features:
    - name: fname
      dtype: string
    - name: func_def
      dtype: string
    - name: technique
      dtype: string
    - name: clean_asm
      dtype: string
    - name: obfuscated_asm
      dtype: string
    - name: clean_ir
      dtype: string
    - name: obfuscated_c
      dtype: string
    - name: tigress_seed
      dtype: int64
    - name: exebench_split
      dtype: string
    - name: c_deps
      dtype: string
    - name: func_c_signature
      dtype: string
    - name: cpp_wrapper
      dtype: string
    - name: dummy_funcs
      dtype: string
    - name: io_pairs
      dtype: string
  splits:
    - name: train
      num_bytes: 10559367144
      num_examples: 980000
    - name: test_flatten
      num_bytes: 130049242
      num_examples: 3909
    - name: test_encode_arithmetic
      num_bytes: 126010317
      num_examples: 3908
    - name: test_combined
      num_bytes: 131099302
      num_examples: 3909
  download_size: 1192158603
  dataset_size: 10946526005

Obfuscated ExeBench (AArch64)

A large-scale dataset of obfuscated AArch64 assembly functions paired with their clean LLVM IR, original C source code, and clean assembly. Designed for training neural models that can deobfuscate and lift obfuscated binary code.

Dataset Summary

Property	Value
Training samples	~980,000 (from ExeBench train_synth_compilable)
Test samples	11,726 (3,909 Flatten / 3,908 EncodeArithmetic / 3,909 Combined)
Test source	ExeBench test_synth (unseen functions)
Architecture	AArch64 (ARM64)
Obfuscator	Tigress 4.0.11
Compiler	aarch64-linux-gnu-gcc 15.2.0 (-S -O0 -std=c11 -w)
Techniques	Control-Flow Flattening, Arithmetic Encoding, Combined
Format	Parquet with Snappy compression

Splits

Split	Rows	Source	Techniques
train	~980,000	ExeBench train_synth_compilable	All three (balanced ⅓ each)
test_flatten	3,909	ExeBench test_synth	Flatten only
test_encode_arithmetic	3,908	ExeBench test_synth	EncodeArithmetic only
test_combined	3,909	ExeBench test_synth	Flatten+EncodeArithmetic

Columns

Column	Type	Description
fname	string	Function name
func_def	string	Original C source code of the function
technique	string	Obfuscation technique applied
clean_asm	string	Clean AArch64 assembly from ExeBench (angha_gcc_arm_O0)
obfuscated_asm	string	Obfuscated AArch64 assembly (after Tigress → GCC)
clean_ir	string	Clean LLVM IR from ExeBench (angha_clang_ir_O0)
obfuscated_c	string	Tigress-obfuscated C source (target function only, runtime stripped)
tigress_seed	int32	Random seed used for Tigress (for reproducibility)
exebench_split	string	Source ExeBench split name

Usage

from datasets import load_dataset

# Training data (all techniques)
train = load_dataset("leachl/obfuscated-exebench", split="train", streaming=True)

# Test sets (one per technique, from unseen test_synth functions)
test_flat = load_dataset("leachl/obfuscated-exebench", split="test_flatten")
test_ea   = load_dataset("leachl/obfuscated-exebench", split="test_encode_arithmetic")
test_comb = load_dataset("leachl/obfuscated-exebench", split="test_combined")

Obfuscation Techniques

Each function is independently obfuscated with one of three Tigress transformations:

Technique	Tigress Flag	Description
Flatten	--Transform=Flatten	Control-flow flattening — replaces structured control flow with a switch-in-a-loop dispatcher
EncodeArithmetic	--Transform=EncodeArithmetic	Replaces simple arithmetic/boolean expressions with equivalent but complex MBA expressions
Flatten+EncodeArithmetic	Both transforms	Combined: flattening + arithmetic encoding applied sequentially

Tigress Runtime

A representative Tigress runtime (~480 KB, ~7400 lines of C) is stored in tigress_runtime.c. The obfuscated_c column contains only the target function body (runtime stripped).

License

MIT — same as the underlying ExeBench dataset.