docs: add citation, limitations section, update condition references

README.md

@@ -1,108 +1,108 @@
 ---
 language:
-- zh
+  - zh
 license: apache-2.0
 task_categories:
-- text-generation
+  - text-generation
 tags:
-- code
-- multilingual
-- legesher
-- tiny-aya-expedition
-- language-decoded
-- native-code
+  - code
+  - multilingual
+  - legesher
+  - tiny-aya-expedition
+  - language-decoded
+  - native-code
 pretty_name: Language Decoded — Community Code
 size_categories:
-- 1K<n<10K
+  - 1K<n<10K
 configs:
-- config_name: zh
-  data_files:
-  - split: train
-    path: data/zh/train-*.parquet
-  - split: validation
-    path: data/zh/validation-*.parquet
+  - config_name: zh
+    data_files:
+      - split: train
+        path: data/zh/train-*.parquet
+      - split: validation
+        path: data/zh/validation-*.parquet
 dataset_info:
-- config_name: zh
-  features:
-  - name: filename
-    dtype: string
-  - name: content
-    dtype: string
-  - name: extension
-    dtype: string
-  - name: source
-    dtype: string
-  - name: license
-    dtype: string
-  - name: quality_tier
-    dtype: string
-  - name: sha256
-    dtype: string
-  - name: byte_size
-    dtype: int64
-  - name: total_lines
-    dtype: int64
-  - name: cjk_ratio
-    dtype: float64
-  - name: has_cjk
-    dtype: bool
-  splits:
-  - name: train
-    num_bytes: 23921213
-    num_examples: 3137
-  - name: validation
-    num_bytes: 2506431
-    num_examples: 349
-  download_size: 10076444
-  dataset_size: 26427644
+  - config_name: zh
+    features:
+      - name: filename
+        dtype: string
+      - name: content
+        dtype: string
+      - name: extension
+        dtype: string
+      - name: source
+        dtype: string
+      - name: license
+        dtype: string
+      - name: quality_tier
+        dtype: string
+      - name: sha256
+        dtype: string
+      - name: byte_size
+        dtype: int64
+      - name: total_lines
+        dtype: int64
+      - name: cjk_ratio
+        dtype: float64
+      - name: has_cjk
+        dtype: bool
+    splits:
+      - name: train
+        num_bytes: 23921213
+        num_examples: 3137
+      - name: validation
+        num_bytes: 2506431
+        num_examples: 349
+    download_size: 10076444
+    dataset_size: 26427644
 ---
 
 # Language Decoded — Community Code
 
 Natively-authored multilingual code for the **Language Decoded** project (part of [Cohere's Tiny Aya Expedition](https://aya.for.ai)). This dataset contains code written by developers in non-English programming languages and code with significant CJK content — **not** mechanically transpiled from English.
 
-This data serves as a component of **Condition 3** ("Mixed Native Sources") in the Language Decoded experiment, which tests whether a richer mix of native-language code improves multilingual reasoning beyond keyword swapping alone.
+This data serves as a component of **Condition 3** ("Mixed Native Sources") and **Condition 4** ("Strictly Native Code") in the Language Decoded experiment, which tests whether native-language code improves multilingual reasoning beyond keyword swapping alone.
 
 ## Available Configs
 
-| Config | Language | Files | Description |
-| ------ | -------- | ----- | ----------- |
+| Config | Language | Files | Description                                   |
+| ------ | -------- | ----- | --------------------------------------------- |
 | `zh`   | Chinese  | 3,486 | Natively Chinese-authored code from 5 sources |
 
 ## Schema
 
-| Column         | Type   | Description                                              |
-| -------------- | ------ | -------------------------------------------------------- |
-| `filename`     | string | Unique file identifier                                   |
-| `content`      | string | Full file content                                        |
-| `extension`    | string | File extension (e.g., `.py`, `.java`, `.wy`, `.qi`)      |
-| `source`       | string | Origin dataset or project                                |
-| `license`      | string | SPDX license identifier or `UNKNOWN`                     |
-| `quality_tier` | string | Quality tier: A (highest), B, C, D                       |
-| `sha256`       | string | SHA-256 hash of file content for deduplication           |
-| `byte_size`    | int64  | File size in bytes                                       |
-| `total_lines`  | int64  | Number of lines in the file                              |
-| `cjk_ratio`    | float  | Ratio of CJK characters to total non-whitespace chars    |
-| `has_cjk`      | bool   | Whether the file contains any CJK characters             |
+| Column         | Type   | Description                                           |
+| -------------- | ------ | ----------------------------------------------------- |
+| `filename`     | string | Unique file identifier                                |
+| `content`      | string | Full file content                                     |
+| `extension`    | string | File extension (e.g., `.py`, `.java`, `.wy`, `.qi`)   |
+| `source`       | string | Origin dataset or project                             |
+| `license`      | string | SPDX license identifier or `UNKNOWN`                  |
+| `quality_tier` | string | Quality tier: A (highest), B, C, D                    |
+| `sha256`       | string | SHA-256 hash of file content for deduplication        |
+| `byte_size`    | int64  | File size in bytes                                    |
+| `total_lines`  | int64  | Number of lines in the file                           |
+| `cjk_ratio`    | float  | Ratio of CJK characters to total non-whitespace chars |
+| `has_cjk`      | bool   | Whether the file contains any CJK characters          |
 
 ## Chinese (`zh`) Source Breakdown
 
-| Source               | Files | Extensions          | Description                                                    |
-| -------------------- | ----- | ------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------- |
-| `thestack`           | 1,948 | .py, .js, .java, … | Code from The Stack with CJK in comments, strings, identifiers |
-| `program_in_chinese` | 703   | .java, .js, .ts, … | [Program in Chinese](https://github.com/program-in-chinese) — code with Chinese identifiers |
-| `qi`                 | 239   | .qi                 | [Qi](https://github.com/nicevoice/qi) — Chinese-syntax programming language |
-| `mulan`              | 166   | .ul                 | [Mulan](https://github.com/MulanRevive/mulan-rework) — Chinese programming language |
-| `wenyan`             | 81    | .wy                 | [Wenyan](https://github.com/wenyan-lang/wenyan) — Classical Chinese programming language (20K+ GitHub stars) |
+| Source               | Files | Extensions         | Description                                                                                                  |
+| -------------------- | ----- | ------------------ | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
+| `thestack`           | 1,948 | .py, .js, .java, … | Code from The Stack with CJK in comments, strings, identifiers                                               |
+| `program_in_chinese` | 703   | .java, .js, .ts, … | [Program in Chinese](https://github.com/program-in-chinese) — code with Chinese identifiers                  |
+| `qi`                 | 239   | .qi                | [Qi](https://github.com/nicevoice/qi) — Chinese-syntax programming language                                  |
+| `mulan`              | 166   | .ul                | [Mulan](https://github.com/MulanRevive/mulan-rework) — Chinese programming language                          |
+| `wenyan`             | 81    | .wy                | [Wenyan](https://github.com/wenyan-lang/wenyan) — Classical Chinese programming language (20K+ GitHub stars) |
 
 ### Quality Tier Distribution
 
-| Tier | Count | Description                |
-| ---- | ----- | -------------------------- |
-| A    | 778   | High quality, rich CJK     |
-| B    | 1,158 | Good quality               |
-| C    | 789   | Moderate quality           |
-| D    | 412   | Lower quality, sparse CJK  |
+| Tier | Count | Description               |
+| ---- | ----- | ------------------------- |
+| A    | 778   | High quality, rich CJK    |
+| B    | 1,158 | Good quality              |
+| C    | 789   | Moderate quality          |
+| D    | 412   | Lower quality, sparse CJK |
 
 ### File Type Distribution
 
@@ -133,8 +133,28 @@ high_quality = train.filter(lambda x: x["quality_tier"] in ("A", "B"))
 
 ## Relationship to Other Datasets
 
-- **[legesher/language-decoded-data](https://huggingface.co/datasets/legesher/language-decoded-data)**: The main experiment dataset with transpiled code (conditions 1–2) and blended datasets (condition 3). Condition 3 combines native code from this repo with transpiled code.
-- This repo stores the **raw native code** with full metadata. The blended training datasets live in `language-decoded-data`.
+- **[legesher/language-decoded-data](https://huggingface.co/datasets/legesher/language-decoded-data)**: The main experiment dataset with transpiled code (conditions 1–2), blended datasets (condition 3), and strictly native code (condition 4). Conditions 3 and 4 use native code from this repo.
+- This repo stores the **raw native code** with full metadata. The blended and native training datasets live in `language-decoded-data`.
+
+## Limitations
+
+- **Chinese only**: Currently limited to Chinese-language code. Native code for Spanish and Urdu is not yet available.
+- **License uncertainty**: Some files (particularly from `thestack`) have `UNKNOWN` licenses. These were included because they appeared in The Stack's permissive-license subset, but individual file licenses could not always be verified.
+- **Quality variation**: Quality tiers are assigned heuristically based on CJK content ratio, file size, and structural indicators. Tier D files may contain minimal native-language content.
+- **Non-Python files included**: Unlike the transpiled datasets (conditions 1–2), this dataset includes code in multiple programming languages (Python, Java, JavaScript, Wenyan, Qi, Mulan, etc.), reflecting the reality of native-language programming ecosystems.
+- **CJK-heavy bias**: Files were selected partly based on CJK character presence, which may over-represent code with Chinese comments/strings rather than code with Chinese-language syntax.
+
+## Citation
+
+```bibtex
+@misc{language-decoded-2026,
+  title={Language Decoded: Investigating Language-Dependent vs. Structure-Dependent Reasoning Benefits of Code},
+  author={Madison Edgar and Saad Ahmed Bazaz and Tom Sherborne and Rashik Shahjahan and Khojasteh Mirza and Sarah Jawaid and Rafay Mustafa and Sohaib Ahmed Bazaz},
+  year={2026},
+  publisher={Hugging Face},
+  url={https://huggingface.co/datasets/legesher/language-decoded-community}
+}
+```
 
 ## License