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pretty_name: Copiale Lines
task_categories:
- image-to-text
language:
- de
size_categories:
- 1K<n<10K
viewer: true
---
# Copiale Lines
Copiale Lines is a line-level image-to-text dataset for historical cipher decipherment. It contains cropped line images from the Copiale manuscript paired with plaintext ground truth.
This dataset is used in the paper *Learning to Decipher from Pixels: A Case Study of Copiale* (HistoCrypt 2026).
## Dataset Structure
The dataset is split into:
- train: 1,269 samples
- valid: 175 samples
- test: 370 samples
Each split contains:
- `images/*.png`: cropped line images
- `metadata.csv`: filename and plaintext transcription
The corresponding source split files are `train.gt`, `valid.gt`, and `test.gt`, where each line is:
```text
image_id<TAB>groundtruth
```
## Example
```text
1-2.png,gesetz buchs
```
corresponds to the image:
```text
train/images/1-2.png
```
## Intended Use
This dataset is intended for research on handwritten cipher recognition, image-to-text modeling, and transcription-free decipherment.
## Citation
```bibtex
@inproceedings{kang2026learning,
title = {Learning to Decipher from Pixels: A Case Study of Copiale},
author = {Kang, Lei and De Gregorio, Giuseppe and Heil, Raphaela and Fornés, Alicia and Megyesi, Beáta},
booktitle = {International Conference on Historical Cryptology (HistoCrypt)},
year = {2026}
}
```
## Acknowledgements
This dataset is derived in part from materials related to *Decipherment of Historical Manuscripts*, a historical manuscript studied within the project ["The Copiale Cipher"](https://www.su.se/english/research/research-catalogue/research-projects/d/decipherment-of-historical-manuscripts/the-copiale-cipher) at Stockholm University. We acknowledge and thank the original project for making these resources available.
We also gratefully acknowledge financial support from **Riksbankens Jubileumsfond** under grant **M24-0028**, *"Echoes of History: Analysis and Decipherment of Historical Writings (DESCRYPT)"*, which supported the development of this dataset. |