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\section{Introduction} Since the foundation of Picard-Vessiot theory as a Galois theory for linear differential equations (cf.~\cite{ep:ta-tome3}), many analogues have evolved. For example, Picard-Vessiot theory for difference equations \cite{mvdp-mfs:gtde}, for iterative differential equations \cite{bhm-mvdp:ideac}, ...
{'timestamp': '2015-07-16T02:07:55', 'yymm': '1507', 'arxiv_id': '1507.04166', 'language': 'en', 'url': 'https://arxiv.org/abs/1507.04166'}
\section{PanJoin} \label{sec:pan} \subsection{Architecture} \label{sec:archtect} PanJoin supports a sliding window theta join over two data streams (Stream $S$ and Stream $R$ in the following). PanJoin processes incoming data at two levels of parallelism: the \textit{architecture level}, or node level, where mult...
{'timestamp': '2018-11-14T02:05:21', 'yymm': '1811', 'arxiv_id': '1811.05065', 'language': 'en', 'url': 'https://arxiv.org/abs/1811.05065'}
\section{Introduction} The characteristics of the top-quark, mainly the total decay width which is one of the fundamental property of top physics is measured with very good precision from the partial decay width $\Gamma(t \to Wb)$. In addition, its huge mass $m_t = 173.0\pm 0.4\hspace{0.8mm}GeV$ \cite{Data2018},...
{'timestamp': '2019-05-08T02:16:35', 'yymm': '1905', 'arxiv_id': '1905.02564', 'language': 'en', 'url': 'https://arxiv.org/abs/1905.02564'}
\section{Introduction} \label{sec:intro} Quantum Monte Carlo (QMC) methods can accurately calculate the electronic structure of real materials\cite{QMCreview,NigUmr-BOOK-99,Kolorenc11}. The two most commonly used QMC methods for zero temperature calculations are variational Monte Carlo (VMC), which can compute expecta...
{'timestamp': '2014-10-31T01:14:07', 'yymm': '1309', 'arxiv_id': '1309.6250', 'language': 'en', 'url': 'https://arxiv.org/abs/1309.6250'}
\section{Introduction}\label{introduction} \IEEEPARstart{I}{n} the era of big data, distributed machine learning (DML) is increasingly applied in various areas of our daily lives, especially with proliferation of training data. Typical applications of DML include machine-aided prescription \cite{fredrikson2014privacy},...
{'timestamp': '2019-09-10T02:20:44', 'yymm': '1908', 'arxiv_id': '1908.01059', 'language': 'en', 'url': 'https://arxiv.org/abs/1908.01059'}
\section{Cumulants at arbitrary density} \subsection{Law of the distance between two particles} We consider two tagged particles (TPs) in the SEP with density $\rho$. The initial distance between them is $L$ and we derive the equilibrium distribution of the distance (in particular we show that the distribution of the d...
{'timestamp': '2018-01-25T02:09:02', 'yymm': '1801', 'arxiv_id': '1801.08067', 'language': 'en', 'url': 'https://arxiv.org/abs/1801.08067'}
\section{Introduction} The relativistic heavy-ion collider experiments show that human beings may have produced quark-gluon plasma (QGP) in the laboratory \cite{torres2015flavor}. It is generally believed that some quark bound states can survive in QGP. In thermal Quantum chromodynamics (QCD), the thermal properties o...
{'timestamp': '2018-02-06T02:09:21', 'yymm': '1802', 'arxiv_id': '1802.01119', 'language': 'en', 'url': 'https://arxiv.org/abs/1802.01119'}
\section{Introduction} Let $\tau(n) = \sum_{d|n} 1$ be the divisor function, and \begin{align*} S(\alpha) = \sum_{n\le x} \tau(n)e(n\alpha), \qquad e(\alpha) = e^{2\pi i \alpha}. \end{align*} In 2001 Brudern \cite{Brudern} considered the $L^1$ norm of $S(\alpha)$ and claimed to prove \begin{equation} \sqrt{x} \ll ...
{'timestamp': '2017-04-21T02:02:04', 'yymm': '1704', 'arxiv_id': '1704.05953', 'language': 'en', 'url': 'https://arxiv.org/abs/1704.05953'}
\subsection{Sample Questions \label{sec:Sample-Questions}} \begin{itemize} \item \textbf{Q1} (\emph{Ordinal}): How would you describe your day today\textemdash{}has it been a typical day, a particularly good day, or a particularly bad day? \item \textbf{Q7} (\emph{Binary}): Now thinking about our country, overall, are...
{'timestamp': '2014-08-07T02:03:33', 'yymm': '1408', 'arxiv_id': '1408.1160', 'language': 'en', 'url': 'https://arxiv.org/abs/1408.1160'}
\section{Abstract} Quantum entanglement, one of the most counterintuitive effects in quantum mechanics \cite{Einstein35}, plays an essential role in quantum information and communication technology. Thus far, many efforts have been taken to create multipartite entanglement in photon polarization \cite{Walther2...
{'timestamp': '2011-11-29T02:01:07', 'yymm': '1111', 'arxiv_id': '1111.6170', 'language': 'en', 'url': 'https://arxiv.org/abs/1111.6170'}
\section{Introduction} Since its inception by Robin Forman \cite{F-98}, discrete Morse theory has been a powerful and versatile tool used not only in diverse fields of mathematics, but also in applications to other areas \cite{Real-15} as well as a computational tool \cite{C-G-N2016}. Its adaptability stems in p...
{'timestamp': '2016-12-30T02:02:29', 'yymm': '1612', 'arxiv_id': '1612.08840', 'language': 'en', 'url': 'https://arxiv.org/abs/1612.08840'}
\section{Introduction}{\label{sec1}} Flux variations across the electromagnetic spectrum is one of the defining characteristics of Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN). They occur on a wide range of timescales ranging from hours to days to months, making this particular property of AGN an efficient tool to understand the physi...
{'timestamp': '2012-10-17T02:10:01', 'yymm': '1210', 'arxiv_id': '1210.4387', 'language': 'en', 'url': 'https://arxiv.org/abs/1210.4387'}
\section{Introduction} \label{intro} \subsection{Phase retrieval problem} \indent In optics, most detectors can only record the intensity of the signal while losing the information about the phase. Recovering the signal from the amplitude only measurements is called phase retrieval problem(PR) which arises in a wild r...
{'timestamp': '2016-12-30T02:06:34', 'yymm': '1612', 'arxiv_id': '1612.09066', 'language': 'en', 'url': 'https://arxiv.org/abs/1612.09066'}
\section{Introduction} \label{sect:intro} With the commercial deployment of the fifth-generation wireless communication systems (5G), emerging applications including augmented reality/virtual reality (AR/VR) and high density video streaming have triggered the explosive growth of wireless traffic \cite{1}. Although mass...
{'timestamp': '2022-08-23T02:13:26', 'yymm': '2208', 'arxiv_id': '2208.09785', 'language': 'en', 'url': 'https://arxiv.org/abs/2208.09785'}
\section{Introduction} How do conceptual knowledge and language work together to affect the way we partition the world into categories? Some researchers \cite{lupyan2007} claim that verbal labels facilitate category learning by helping learners pick out relevant category dimensions. However, others \cite{brojde2011} h...
{'timestamp': '2020-12-29T02:33:55', 'yymm': '2012', 'arxiv_id': '2012.14400', 'language': 'en', 'url': 'https://arxiv.org/abs/2012.14400'}
\section{Acknowledgement} \label{sec:acknowledgement} This work is partially supported by the Big Data Collaboration Research grant from SenseTime Group (CUHK Agreement No. TS1610626), the General Research Fund (GRF) of Hong Kong (No. 14236516). \section{Methodology} \label{sec:method} \begin{figure}[t] \centerin...
{'timestamp': '2018-07-30T02:07:40', 'yymm': '1807', 'arxiv_id': '1807.10510', 'language': 'en', 'url': 'https://arxiv.org/abs/1807.10510'}
\section{Introduction} \label{intro} Frame synchronization refers to the problem of locating a sync pattern periodically embedded into data and received over a channel (see, e.g., \cite{Ma2,LT,Sc,Ni}). In \cite{Ma2} Massey considered the situation of binary data transmitted across a white Gaussian noise channel. He s...
{'timestamp': '2007-08-21T22:00:51', 'yymm': '0708', 'arxiv_id': '0708.2911', 'language': 'en', 'url': 'https://arxiv.org/abs/0708.2911'}
\section*{Acknowledgements} This project was supported by the Department of Cardiology at the Hospital Universitario de Salamanca-IBSAL, the Data Science for Social Good Foundation, and the Gandhi Centre for Inclusive Innovation at Imperial College, London. \section{Conclusion} Deep learning has the potential for a...
{'timestamp': '2020-06-22T02:12:37', 'yymm': '2006', 'arxiv_id': '2006.06292', 'language': 'en', 'url': 'https://arxiv.org/abs/2006.06292'}
\section{Introduction} The LHC discovery of a scalar with mass of $125$ GeV~\cite{Aad:2012tfa,Chatrchyan:2012xdj} completed the Standard Model particle content. The fact that precision measurements of the properties of this particle~\cite{Aad:2015zhl,Khachatryan:2016vau} indicate that it behaves very much in a Standar...
{'timestamp': '2018-10-08T02:00:47', 'yymm': '1807', 'arxiv_id': '1807.10322', 'language': 'en', 'url': 'https://arxiv.org/abs/1807.10322'}
\section{Introduction and main results} \label{Abschnitt mit Hauptergebnissen} When a self-adjoint operator $ T $ is perturbed by a bounded self-adjoint operator $ S $, it is important to investigate the (spectral) properties of the difference \begin{equation*} f(T+S) - f(T), \end{equation*} where $ f $ is a...
{'timestamp': '2015-07-13T02:10:08', 'yymm': '1406', 'arxiv_id': '1406.6516', 'language': 'en', 'url': 'https://arxiv.org/abs/1406.6516'}
\section{Introduction} RNA is believed to be central for the understanding of evolution. It acts as genotypic legislative in form of viruses and viroids and as phenotypic executive in form of ribozymes, capable of catalytic activity, cleaving other RNA molecules. This dualism gives rise to the hypothesis that RNA may...
{'timestamp': '2007-08-23T19:43:53', 'yymm': '0708', 'arxiv_id': '0708.3134', 'language': 'en', 'url': 'https://arxiv.org/abs/0708.3134'}
\section{Introduction} \quad Consider the following two sequences of random subsets of the set $[n]:= \{1, \ldots, n \}$, generated by listing the cycles of a uniform random permutation $\pi_n$ of $[n]$ in two different orders: for a permutation $\pi_n$ with $K_n$ cycles, \begin{itemize} \item let $C_{1:n}, C_{2:n}...
{'timestamp': '2019-06-18T02:11:35', 'yymm': '1707', 'arxiv_id': '1707.07776', 'language': 'en', 'url': 'https://arxiv.org/abs/1707.07776'}
\section{Introduction} Einstein manifolds are related with many questions in geometry and physics, for instance: Riemannian functionals and their critical points, Yang-Mills theory, self-dual manifolds of dimension four, exact solutions for the Einstein equation field. Today we already have in our hands many examples...
{'timestamp': '2017-08-17T02:02:17', 'yymm': '1708', 'arxiv_id': '1708.04720', 'language': 'en', 'url': 'https://arxiv.org/abs/1708.04720'}
\section{Approach} \vspace{-0.1in} Our goal is to find a discriminative set of parts or patches that co-occur in many of the positively labeled images in the same configuration. We address this goal in two steps. First, we find a set of patches that are discriminative, i.e., they tend to occur mainly in positive imag...
{'timestamp': '2014-06-26T02:06:57', 'yymm': '1406', 'arxiv_id': '1406.6507', 'language': 'en', 'url': 'https://arxiv.org/abs/1406.6507'}
\section{Introduction} \object{HD 150136} is the brightest member of the \object{NGC 6193} cluster in the \object{Ara OB1} association and a known non-thermal radio-emitter \citep{ben2006}, i.e.\ an object where particles are accelerated to relativistic energies \citep[see][and references therein]{debrev}. This distin...
{'timestamp': '2013-04-15T02:00:13', 'yymm': '1304', 'arxiv_id': '1304.3457', 'language': 'en', 'url': 'https://arxiv.org/abs/1304.3457'}
\section{Introduction} Rogue (freak) waves can be described as high amplitude waves with a height bigger than $2-2.2$ times the significant waveheight in a wavefield. Their studies have become extensive in recent years \cite{Akhmediev2009b, Akhmediev2009a, bayindir2016, Akhmediev2011}. The research has emerged with t...
{'timestamp': '2017-05-09T02:04:30', 'yymm': '1701', 'arxiv_id': '1701.01997', 'language': 'en', 'url': 'https://arxiv.org/abs/1701.01997'}
\section{Introduction} Despite the numerous empirical successes of deep learning, much of the underlying theory remains poorly understood. One promising direction forward to an interpretable account of deep learning is in the study of the relationship between deep neural networks and kernel machines. Several studies ...
{'timestamp': '2021-12-06T02:03:05', 'yymm': '2111', 'arxiv_id': '2111.00034', 'language': 'en', 'url': 'https://arxiv.org/abs/2111.00034'}
\section{Introduction} The ongoing research on the on-shell techniques has gone beyond its primal scattering amplitude domain, to the computation of form factor in recent years. The form factor, sometimes stated as a bridge linking on-shell amplitude and off-shell correlation function, is a quantity containing both on...
{'timestamp': '2016-01-26T02:15:57', 'yymm': '1601', 'arxiv_id': '1601.06612', 'language': 'en', 'url': 'https://arxiv.org/abs/1601.06612'}
\section{Introduction} \label{sec:intro} Collisions between similar-size planetary bodies (``giant impacts'') dominate the final stage of planet formation \citep{1985ScienceWetherill,2010ChEGAsphaug}. These events generally result in the formation of transient magma oceans on the resulting bodies \citep{1993TonksMelos...
{'timestamp': '2021-06-16T02:00:51', 'yymm': '2106', 'arxiv_id': '2106.07680', 'language': 'en', 'url': 'https://arxiv.org/abs/2106.07680'}
\section{Introduction} Recent findings on the superconductivity in LaFeAsO$_{1-x}$F$_x$\cite{kamihara} and related materials have triggered a great deal of interest in iron compounds because of the possible connection between the superconductivity and magnetism,\cite{mazin} which undergoes a phase transition from ant...
{'timestamp': '2010-02-10T02:40:18', 'yymm': '1002', 'arxiv_id': '1002.1832', 'language': 'en', 'url': 'https://arxiv.org/abs/1002.1832'}
\section{Introduction} Semileptonic tau decays represent a clean benchmark to study the hadronization properties of QCD due to the fact that half of the process is purely electroweak and, therefore, free of uncertainties at the required precision \cite{Braaten:1991qm, Braaten:1988hc, Braaten:1988ea, Braaten:1990ef, N...
{'timestamp': '2013-10-09T02:09:40', 'yymm': '1307', 'arxiv_id': '1307.7908', 'language': 'en', 'url': 'https://arxiv.org/abs/1307.7908'}
\section{Introduction and Statement of Results} Our point of departure is recent work of Bettin and Conrey \cite{bettinconreyreciprocity,bettinconreyperiodfunctions} on the period functions of Eisenstein series. Their initial motivation was the derivation of an exact formula for the second moments of the Riemann zeta ...
{'timestamp': '2017-01-23T02:07:48', 'yymm': '1601', 'arxiv_id': '1601.06839', 'language': 'en', 'url': 'https://arxiv.org/abs/1601.06839'}
\section{Introduction} The ability to measure the intrinsic spectrum of quasars (QSOs) plays an important role in astrophysics. Resolving individual emission line profiles can enable the detailed study of both the central supermassive black hole (SMBH) and the internal structure within the SMBH powered accretion disk ...
{'timestamp': '2016-12-20T02:08:43', 'yymm': '1605', 'arxiv_id': '1605.09388', 'language': 'en', 'url': 'https://arxiv.org/abs/1605.09388'}
\section{Introduction} \label{Introduction} Many biological and biomimetic structures use geometrically pronounced features to produce highly nonlinear behavior. These materials include seashells, hierarchical honeycombs, snail spiral, seahorse tail, fish scales, lobster exoskeleton, crab exoskeleton, butterfly wings, ...
{'timestamp': '2020-01-31T02:00:51', 'yymm': '2001', 'arxiv_id': '2001.11054', 'language': 'en', 'url': 'https://arxiv.org/abs/2001.11054'}
\section{Introduction} In the last few decades, the increasing amount of information to which users are exposed on a daily basis determined the rise of recommendation systems. These models are able to identify and exploit patterns of users interest, with the goal of providing personalized recommendations and improving ...
{'timestamp': '2022-09-28T02:04:21', 'yymm': '2209', 'arxiv_id': '2209.13011', 'language': 'en', 'url': 'https://arxiv.org/abs/2209.13011'}
\section{Introduction} \label{intro} The current understanding of the interstellar medium (ISM) is that it is a multi-phase environment, consisting of gas and dust, which is both magnetized and highly turbulent (Ferriere 2001; McKee \& Ostriker 2007). In particular, magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) turbulence is essential ...
{'timestamp': '2013-04-11T02:05:28', 'yymm': '1206', 'arxiv_id': '1206.4703', 'language': 'en', 'url': 'https://arxiv.org/abs/1206.4703'}
\section{Introduction (continuous case)} Consider an elliptic operator \be L=a(x)\frac{\d^2}{\d x^2}+ b(x)\frac{\d}{\d x} \de (with $a>0$) on $E:=(-M, N)$\, $(M, N\le \infty)$. Define a function $C(x)$: $$C(x)=\!\int_{o}^x \frac b a,\qqd x\in E,$$ where $o\in E$ is a reference point. Here and in what follows, the ...
{'timestamp': '2012-06-25T02:01:40', 'yymm': '1206', 'arxiv_id': '1206.5071', 'language': 'en', 'url': 'https://arxiv.org/abs/1206.5071'}
\section{Introduction} Turing machines can be classified according to their numbers of states and symbols. It is known (see \cite{WN09} for a survey) that there are universal Turing machines in the following sets (number of states $\times$ number of symbols): $$2 \times 18,\ 3 \times 9,\ 4 \times 6,\ 5 \times 5,\ 6 \t...
{'timestamp': '2014-09-26T02:12:56', 'yymm': '1409', 'arxiv_id': '1409.7322', 'language': 'en', 'url': 'https://arxiv.org/abs/1409.7322'}
\section{Introduction} Discrete approaches have proved useful in many areas of physics. Regge calculus \cite{Regge} is a discrete formulation of general relativity (GR) where spacetime is approximated by a triangulated manifold, and the fundamental variables used to describe the metric are the lengths of the edges of ...
{'timestamp': '2008-07-18T01:50:08', 'yymm': '0802', 'arxiv_id': '0802.0864', 'language': 'en', 'url': 'https://arxiv.org/abs/0802.0864'}
\section{Introduction} \label{sec:intro} Microwave resonators (for example, Chap.~7 of Ref.~\onlinecite{Poz90}) are one of the key components in a variety of circuits operated at GHz frequencies, and their new applications continue to emerge. A simple example is band-pass filters, which are based on the fact that...
{'timestamp': '2009-11-24T05:05:51', 'yymm': '0911', 'arxiv_id': '0911.4536', 'language': 'en', 'url': 'https://arxiv.org/abs/0911.4536'}
\section{Introduction} Artificial Intelligence has made tremendous progress in recent years due to the development of deep neural networks. Its deployment at the edge, however, is currently limited by the high power consumption of the associated algorithms \cite{xu2018scaling}. Low precision neural networks are curre...
{'timestamp': '2020-10-15T02:13:15', 'yymm': '2007', 'arxiv_id': '2007.14234', 'language': 'en', 'url': 'https://arxiv.org/abs/2007.14234'}
\section{The Dataset} \subsection{The game} The dataset contains practically all actions of all players of the MMOG \verb|Pardus| since the game went online in 2004 \cite{pardus}. \verb|Pardus| is an open-ended online game with a worldwide player base of currently more than 370,000 people. Players live in a virtual...
{'timestamp': '2011-07-05T02:01:22', 'yymm': '1107', 'arxiv_id': '1107.0392', 'language': 'en', 'url': 'https://arxiv.org/abs/1107.0392'}
\section{Introduction} Cold dark matter (CDM) simulations (both with and without the inclusion of baryonic physics) are a crucial tool and proving ground for understanding the physics of the universe on nonlinear scales. One of the most active aspects of research in this area concerns the form of the dark matter densi...
{'timestamp': '2007-10-04T20:36:39', 'yymm': '0710', 'arxiv_id': '0710.1069', 'language': 'en', 'url': 'https://arxiv.org/abs/0710.1069'}
\section{Introduction} \label{sec:introduction} It has been proposed that the low energy dynamics of D-branes can be captured by the Dirac-Born-Infeld (DBI) effective action. For unstable D-branes, there are a or more tachyon fields included in the DBI action \cite{Garousi:2000tr,Sen:2003bc,Sen:2004nf}. In type II sup...
{'timestamp': '2009-10-27T01:02:48', 'yymm': '0910', 'arxiv_id': '0910.5010', 'language': 'en', 'url': 'https://arxiv.org/abs/0910.5010'}
\section{Introduction} As quantum computing and deep learning have recently begun to draw attentions, notable research achievements have been pouring over past decades. In the field of deep learning, the problems which were considered as their inherent limitations like gradient vanishing, local minimum, learning ineffi...
{'timestamp': '2021-08-04T02:17:25', 'yymm': '2108', 'arxiv_id': '2108.01468', 'language': 'en', 'url': 'https://arxiv.org/abs/2108.01468'}
\section{\label{sec:Intro} Introduction} Phonons are the quasiparticles of lattice vibrations and therefore one of the fundamental excitations in a solid body. Of special interest are surface acoustic waves (SAWs), which are bound to the surface of a body. These waves find various applications in industry and research ...
{'timestamp': '2020-09-11T02:13:39', 'yymm': '2009', 'arxiv_id': '2009.04797', 'language': 'en', 'url': 'https://arxiv.org/abs/2009.04797'}
\section{Introduction} \label{sect.1} The spectrum of bottomonium is very rich with a large number of the levels below the $B \bar B$ threshold. Among them three well established $\Upsilon(n\,{}^3S_1)~(n=1,2,3)$ mesons \cite{ref.1} and the $1\,{}^3D_2$ state, discovered in \cite{ref.2}. There exist numerous studies...
{'timestamp': '2009-09-03T13:47:51', 'yymm': '0903', 'arxiv_id': '0903.3643', 'language': 'en', 'url': 'https://arxiv.org/abs/0903.3643'}
\section{Introduction} The spirit of most extra-dimensional models of particle physics is to translate observed or desirable properties of ordinary 4D particle interactions into particular shapes or features (like warping or brane positions) within an assumed extra-dimensional geometry. In principle these features a...
{'timestamp': '2011-08-15T02:00:51', 'yymm': '1108', 'arxiv_id': '1108.2553', 'language': 'en', 'url': 'https://arxiv.org/abs/1108.2553'}
\section{Introduction and main results} In this note we are interested in the existence versus non-existence of stable sub- and super-solutions of equations of the form \begin{equation} \label{eq1} -div( \omega_1(x) \nabla u ) = \omega_2(x) f(u) \qquad \mbox{in $ {\mathbb{R}}^N$,} \end{equation} where $f(u)$ is one o...
{'timestamp': '2011-08-17T02:00:55', 'yymm': '1108', 'arxiv_id': '1108.3118', 'language': 'en', 'url': 'https://arxiv.org/abs/1108.3118'}
\section{Introduction} Chlorine is a minor constituent of the Universe, with a solar abundance of only $\sim 3 \times10^{-7}$ relative to hydrogen \citep{Asplund2009}, that is orders of magnitude smaller than the elemental abundances of carbon, nitrogen, and oxygen. Nevertheless, chlorine has a strong chemical tendenc...
{'timestamp': '2019-08-13T02:23:10', 'yymm': '1908', 'arxiv_id': '1908.04188', 'language': 'en', 'url': 'https://arxiv.org/abs/1908.04188'}
\section{Introduction}\label{sec:intro} A fundamental problem in biology involves the origins of an innovation that allowed the development of organisms in our biosphere, beyond complex chemical reaction networks: the emergence of cells \citep{MajorTransitions,LuisiBook}. Cells define a clear scale of organization and...
{'timestamp': '2014-01-31T02:06:52', 'yymm': '1401', 'arxiv_id': '1401.7803', 'language': 'en', 'url': 'https://arxiv.org/abs/1401.7803'}
\section{Introduction} Let $S$ be a polynomial ring over a field $K$ and $I$ a squarefree monomial ideal of $S$. We denote by $G(I)$, the minimal set of monomial generators of $I$. The \textit{arithmetical rank} of $I$, denoted by $\ara I$, is defined by the minimal number $r$ of elements $a_1, \ldots, a_r \in...
{'timestamp': '2011-07-05T02:03:20', 'yymm': '1107', 'arxiv_id': '1107.0563', 'language': 'en', 'url': 'https://arxiv.org/abs/1107.0563'}
\section{Introduction}\label{sec:intro} \cite{baker2016} has created a novel method to measure Economic Policy Uncertainty, the EPU index, which has attracted significant attention and been followed by a strand of literature since its proposal. However, it entails a carefully designed framework and significant manual ...
{'timestamp': '2019-11-27T02:03:13', 'yymm': '1908', 'arxiv_id': '1908.04369', 'language': 'en', 'url': 'https://arxiv.org/abs/1908.04369'}
\section{Introduction}\label{section-Introduction} We consider the following nonlinear heat equation (NLH) \begin{equation} \label{NLH} \left\{ \begin{array}{l} u_t=\Delta u + |u|^{p-1}u,\\ u(.,0)=u_0\in L^\infty (\R^N,\R), \end{array} \right. \mbox{ } \end{equation} where $p>1$ and $u(x,t):\R^N\times [0,T)\to \...
{'timestamp': '2022-06-10T02:13:50', 'yymm': '2206', 'arxiv_id': '2206.04378', 'language': 'en', 'url': 'https://arxiv.org/abs/2206.04378'}
\section{INTRODUCTION} In recent years, great achievements have been made in 3D area \cite{pon2020object,wang2020pointtracknet,battrawy2019lidar,wei2019conditional,qi2017pointnet++,griffiths2020finding}. Beyond 2D perception \cite{deng2009imagenet,simonyan2014very,huang2017densely,ren2015faster,liu2016ssd,he2017mask,li...
{'timestamp': '2021-05-18T02:28:28', 'yymm': '2105', 'arxiv_id': '2105.07647', 'language': 'en', 'url': 'https://arxiv.org/abs/2105.07647'}
\section{Introduction} Knowledge Base Population (KBP) is the process of populating (or building from scratch) a Knowledge Base (KB) with new knowledge elements. A considerable number of Natural Language Processing (NLP) tasks, such as question answering, use knowledge bases. Thus, there is an unfading need for more c...
{'timestamp': '2020-05-06T02:05:36', 'yymm': '2005', 'arxiv_id': '2005.01879', 'language': 'en', 'url': 'https://arxiv.org/abs/2005.01879'}
\section{Introduction} \label{sec:intro} The empirical investigation of quiet Sun\footnote{In this work, we use the term ``quiet Sun'' to refer to the solar surface away from sunspots and active regions.} magnetism is a very important but extremely challenging problem. A large (probably dominant) fraction of the s...
{'timestamp': '2007-10-04T23:06:34', 'yymm': '0710', 'arxiv_id': '0710.1099', 'language': 'en', 'url': 'https://arxiv.org/abs/0710.1099'}
\section*{Abstract} {\bf We monitor the time evolution of the temperature of phononic collective modes in a one-dimensional quasicondensate submitted to losses. At long times the ratio between the temperature and the energy scale $mc^2$, where $m$ is the atomic mass and $c$ the sound velocity takes, within a p...
{'timestamp': '2020-04-02T02:12:28', 'yymm': '1912', 'arxiv_id': '1912.02029', 'language': 'en', 'url': 'https://arxiv.org/abs/1912.02029'}
\subsubsection*{Acknowledgements.} We warmly thank the organizers of \emph{Women in Numbers Europe 4} for putting together this team. We also wish to thank Chris Leonardi and Andrew Sutherland for helpful conversations around the contents of \cite{Eprint} and \cite{Sutherland} respectively. The first author was suppo...
{'timestamp': '2023-02-28T02:01:15', 'yymm': '2302', 'arxiv_id': '2302.12867', 'language': 'en', 'url': 'https://arxiv.org/abs/2302.12867'}
\section{Preliminaries}\label{prelim} Throughout this paper, we use the shorthand notation $[d] = \{1,\ldots,d\}$. We write \begin{eqnarray*} \begin{aligned} H(\mathcal{B}_t,\ket{\phi}) = - \sum_{i = 1}^{d}|\inp{\phi}{b_k^t}|^2 \log |\inp{\phi}{b_k^t}|^2, \end{aligned} \end{eqnarray*} for the Shannon entropy~\cit...
{'timestamp': '2007-03-21T10:58:55', 'yymm': '0606', 'arxiv_id': 'quant-ph/0606244', 'language': 'en', 'url': 'https://arxiv.org/abs/quant-ph/0606244'}
\section{Introduction} The recent increased interest in the analysis of hydrodynamic disc flows is motivated, on one hand, by the study of turbulent processes, and, on the other, by the investigation of regular structure formation in protoplanetary discs. Indeed, many astrophysical discs are thought to be neutral or ...
{'timestamp': '2009-09-15T19:31:36', 'yymm': '0909', 'arxiv_id': '0909.2844', 'language': 'en', 'url': 'https://arxiv.org/abs/0909.2844'}
\section{Introduction} Analytic approximations and perturbation methods are of common use in different branches of general relativity theory. The most common methods are the post-Newtonian approximations, able to deal with the gravitational field of any system in the non-relativistic limit, the post-Minkowskian approx...
{'timestamp': '2007-11-02T14:11:15', 'yymm': '0710', 'arxiv_id': '0710.5658', 'language': 'en', 'url': 'https://arxiv.org/abs/0710.5658'}
\section{{\label{sec:intro}} Introduction} Understanding of the steady state of non-equilibrium systems is the subject of intense research. The typical situation is a solid in contact with two heat baths at different temperature. At the difference of equilibrium systems where the Boltzmann-Gibbs formalism provides an...
{'timestamp': '2008-08-05T16:34:53', 'yymm': '0808', 'arxiv_id': '0808.0662', 'language': 'en', 'url': 'https://arxiv.org/abs/0808.0662'}
\section{Introduction} The uncertainty principle in harmonic analysis is a class of theorems which state that a nontrivial function and its Fourier transform can not both be too sharply localized. For background on different appropriate notions of localization and an overview on the recent renewed interest in mathema...
{'timestamp': '2006-06-16T17:52:14', 'yymm': '0606', 'arxiv_id': 'math/0606395', 'language': 'en', 'url': 'https://arxiv.org/abs/math/0606395'}
\section{Introduction} At present, much attention is focused on galaxy clusters due to the potential application of the thermal Sunyaev-Zeldovich (SZ) effect as a cosmological tool. Together with observations of X-ray emission, a measurement of the Hubble constant can be made if a complete sample of galaxy clusters...
{'timestamp': '1998-01-30T00:15:11', 'yymm': '9711', 'arxiv_id': 'astro-ph/9711218', 'language': 'en', 'url': 'https://arxiv.org/abs/astro-ph/9711218'}
\section{Introduction} A celebrated theorem by Dirac \cite{Dirac52} asserts the existence of a Hamilton cycle whenever the minimum degree of a graph $G$, denoted $\delta(G)$, is at least $\frac{n}{2}$. Moreover, this is best possible as can be seen from the complete bipartite graph $K_{\floor{\frac{n-1}{2}},\ceil{\fra...
{'timestamp': '2020-03-10T01:13:02', 'yymm': '1905', 'arxiv_id': '1905.09729', 'language': 'en', 'url': 'https://arxiv.org/abs/1905.09729'}
\section{Introduction} Nowadays the classical theory of black holes in four-dimensional asymptotically flat spacetime is thought of as elegant and well understood. General relativity provides a unique family of exact solutions for stationary black holes which, in the most general case, involves only three physical p...
{'timestamp': '2009-02-16T19:25:24', 'yymm': '0808', 'arxiv_id': '0808.0280', 'language': 'en', 'url': 'https://arxiv.org/abs/0808.0280'}
\section{Model Description} Let $\Omega=[-1,1]^N$ for some positive dimension $N$ and consider a set $\{S_j\}_{j=1}^M$ of mutually exclusive and exhaustive subsets of $\Omega$. A typical example will be the generalized quadrants, i.e. $$S_j = \left\{x \in \Omega \left| sgn (x_i) = \alpha_i \mbox{, } 1 \leq i \leq N \...
{'timestamp': '2006-06-27T09:54:59', 'yymm': '0606', 'arxiv_id': 'math/0606667', 'language': 'en', 'url': 'https://arxiv.org/abs/math/0606667'}
\section{Introduction} \label{sec:introduction} Over the past decade, several studies focused on characterising and selecting quasars, using both optical and near infrared (NIR) data from the $u$-band to the WISE W2 band. The astrometric surveys within the {\it Gaia} mission significantly contributed to the determina...
{'timestamp': '2019-10-11T02:12:52', 'yymm': '1910', 'arxiv_id': '1910.04502', 'language': 'en', 'url': 'https://arxiv.org/abs/1910.04502'}
\section{Introduction} Logic and declarative programming is often and successfully used as parts of desktop and server applications. We value the declarative techniques because it is easier to write programs that relate closely to the specification (or even write compilable specifications) and show their correctness. ...
{'timestamp': '2019-09-04T02:01:34', 'yymm': '1909', 'arxiv_id': '1909.00043', 'language': 'en', 'url': 'https://arxiv.org/abs/1909.00043'}
\section{Introduction and formulation of the problem}\label{intro} We study slightly compressible fluid flows in rotating porous media. The fluid has density $\rho$, velocity $v$, and pressure $p$. The porous media is rotated with a constant angular velocity $\tilde\Omega \vec k$, with the unit vector $\vec k$ being t...
{'timestamp': '2019-04-19T02:14:18', 'yymm': '1904', 'arxiv_id': '1904.08636', 'language': 'en', 'url': 'https://arxiv.org/abs/1904.08636'}
\subsection{\kern-0.6em}} \newcommand{\SideTitle}[1]{\medbreak{}\pdfbookmark[2]{\textbullet\quad#1}{\thesubsection{}}\noindent{\textbullet}\:\:\textsc{#1}\par\smallskip} \setlist[enumerate]{leftmargin=20pt, topsep=0pt} \setenumerate[1]{label=\upshape{(\arabic*)} \usepackage{needspace} \newcommand{\keep}[1]{\Needspac...
{'timestamp': '2019-10-11T02:12:08', 'yymm': '1910', 'arxiv_id': '1910.04481', 'language': 'en', 'url': 'https://arxiv.org/abs/1910.04481'}
\section{Introduction} The electrical conductivity is one of the fundamental properties of solids and, therefore, of ongoing interest for both theory and experiment. In recent years, advances in experimental techniques revealed the need of reconsidering theoretical descriptions of the conductivity including interband ...
{'timestamp': '2020-08-27T02:00:18', 'yymm': '2008', 'arxiv_id': '2008.11218', 'language': 'en', 'url': 'https://arxiv.org/abs/2008.11218'}
\section{Introduction} Understanding the spatial distribution of poverty is an important step before poverty can be eradicated worldwide. In recent decades, we have seen dramatic declines of poverty in many areas including India, China, and many areas of East Asia, Latin America and Africa. There is much to cele...
{'timestamp': '2017-11-20T02:02:24', 'yymm': '1711', 'arxiv_id': '1711.06323', 'language': 'en', 'url': 'https://arxiv.org/abs/1711.06323'}
\section{The surgery theorem applied to grid diagrams} \label {sec:Surgery} Our main goal here is to present the statement of Theorem~\ref{thm:Surgery} below, which expresses the Heegaard Floer homology $\HFm$ of an integral surgery on a link in terms of a grid diagram for the link (or, more precisely, in terms of hol...
{'timestamp': '2011-05-19T02:03:28', 'yymm': '0910', 'arxiv_id': '0910.0078', 'language': 'en', 'url': 'https://arxiv.org/abs/0910.0078'}
\section{Introduction} One of the most remarkable effects predicted by quantum field theory is the Lamb shift, the shift of the energy levels of an atom which is caused by the coupling to the quantum vacuum. It is known that this level shift can be modified by external influences like a cavity \cite{Meschede92}, for e...
{'timestamp': '1996-03-04T21:29:53', 'yymm': '9503', 'arxiv_id': 'gr-qc/9503058', 'language': 'en', 'url': 'https://arxiv.org/abs/gr-qc/9503058'}
\section{Introduction} One of the most prominent concerns of wireless communication systems is to ensure the security of the users against eavesdropping attacks. In last years, wireless physical layer security has gained a lot of attention from the research community. Compared to the traditional cryptographic technique...
{'timestamp': '2016-03-24T01:09:15', 'yymm': '1603', 'arxiv_id': '1603.06877', 'language': 'en', 'url': 'https://arxiv.org/abs/1603.06877'}
\section{Introduction} \label{PSPINTRO} Parker Solar Probe \cite[{\emph{PSP}};][]{2016SSRv..204....7F,doi:10.1063/PT.3.5120} is flying closer to the Sun than any previous spacecraft (S/C). Launched on 12 Aug. 2018, on 6 Dec. 2022 {\emph{PSP}} had completed 14 of its 24 scheduled perihelion encounters (Encs.)\footnote{...
{'timestamp': '2023-01-10T02:02:19', 'yymm': '2301', 'arxiv_id': '2301.02727', 'language': 'en', 'url': 'https://arxiv.org/abs/2301.02727'}
\section{Introduction} Helicoidal surfaces in $3$-dimensional space forms arise as a natural generalization of rotational surfaces in such spaces. These surfaces are invariant by a subgroup of the group of isometries of the ambient space, called helicoidal group, whose elements can be seen as a composition of a transl...
{'timestamp': '2016-01-20T02:09:06', 'yymm': '1601', 'arxiv_id': '1601.04930', 'language': 'en', 'url': 'https://arxiv.org/abs/1601.04930'}
\section{Introduction} Let $M=\mathbb{H}^3/ \Gamma$, $\Gamma \subset \mathrm{PSL}_2(\mathbb{C})$ be an orientable hyperbolic $3$--manifold, and let $f\co F \rightarrow M$ be a proper immersion of a connected, orientable surface of genus at least $2$ such that $f_{*}\co\pi_1(F) \rightarrow \Gamma$ is injective. $F$ (or...
{'timestamp': '2009-04-23T13:07:39', 'yymm': '0601', 'arxiv_id': 'math/0601561', 'language': 'en', 'url': 'https://arxiv.org/abs/math/0601561'}
\section{Introduction} \label{s:introduction} The recent development of disentangled representation learning benefits various medical image analysis tasks including segmentation~\cite{liu2020variational,ouyang2021representation,duan2022cranial}, quality assessment~\cite{hays2022evaluating,shao2022evaluating}, domain ad...
{'timestamp': '2022-05-11T02:21:41', 'yymm': '2205', 'arxiv_id': '2205.04982', 'language': 'en', 'url': 'https://arxiv.org/abs/2205.04982'}
\section{\label{sec:Introduction}Introduction} Metal-semiconductor (M-S) contacts play a pivotal role in almost any semiconductor-based technology. They are an integral part of a broad range of devices with application as diverse as photovoltaics (PV) \cite{Saga2010}, transistors and diodes \citep{Sze,Kroemer2001}, an...
{'timestamp': '2016-03-02T02:09:57', 'yymm': '1601', 'arxiv_id': '1601.04651', 'language': 'en', 'url': 'https://arxiv.org/abs/1601.04651'}
\section{Introduction} \subsection{Statement of Results for Bernoulli Convolutions} The main result of this is paper is to give a sufficient condition for a self similar measure to be absolutely continuous. For simplicity we will first state this result in the case of Bernoulli convolutions. First we need to define...
{'timestamp': '2021-03-24T01:29:54', 'yymm': '2103', 'arxiv_id': '2103.12684', 'language': 'en', 'url': 'https://arxiv.org/abs/2103.12684'}
\section{Introduction} HERA is a prodigious source of quasi--real photons from reactions where the electron is scattered at very small angles. This permits the study of photoproduction reactions at photon--proton centre of mass (c.m.) energies an order of magnitude larger than in previous fixed target experiments. The...
{'timestamp': '1996-03-17T07:32:41', 'yymm': '9503', 'arxiv_id': 'hep-ex/9503014', 'language': 'en', 'url': 'https://arxiv.org/abs/hep-ex/9503014'}
\section{Introduction} \label{sec:Intro} The description of spontaneous light emission by atomic electrons is a staple of textbooks in quantum physics \cite{Cohen2,Messiah2,LeBellac} and quantum optics \cite{FoxMulder}. Oftentimes, several approximations are made in the treatment. The first one is the dipole approxima...
{'timestamp': '2015-02-24T02:18:04', 'yymm': '1502', 'arxiv_id': '1502.06404', 'language': 'en', 'url': 'https://arxiv.org/abs/1502.06404'}
\section{Introduction} This paper addresses the question of the ontology of the vector potential. This question has been in debate among physicists ever since Maxwell introduced the vector potential to account for the Faraday effect. The magnetic field is the curl of the vector potential. The latter may be shif...
{'timestamp': '2014-11-11T02:02:02', 'yymm': '1401', 'arxiv_id': '1401.8146', 'language': 'en', 'url': 'https://arxiv.org/abs/1401.8146'}
\section{Introduction} \label{Intro} Photometric space missions such as the French-led CoRoT (Convection, Rotation and planetary Transits; \citealt{2008Mich,2009Baglin}) satellite, NASA's {\it{Kepler}} space telescope \citep{2010Borucki,2010Koch}, NASA's {\it{TESS}} (Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite; \citealt{2015...
{'timestamp': '2022-05-11T02:21:28', 'yymm': '2205', 'arxiv_id': '2205.04972', 'language': 'en', 'url': 'https://arxiv.org/abs/2205.04972'}
\section{Introduction} {\it Shift Radix Systems} and their relation to beta-numeration seem to have appeared first in Hollander's PhD thesis~\cite{Hollander:96} from 1996. Already in 1994 Vivaldi~\cite{Vivaldi:94} studied similar mappings in order to investigate rotations with round-off errors. In 2005 Akiyama {\it e...
{'timestamp': '2013-12-03T02:12:45', 'yymm': '1312', 'arxiv_id': '1312.0386', 'language': 'en', 'url': 'https://arxiv.org/abs/1312.0386'}
\section{Introduction} A central problem in geometry in computer vision is \emph{Structure from Motion} (SfM), which is the problem of reconstructing a 3-D scene from sparse feature points tracked in the images of a moving camera. This problem is known also in the robotics community as \emph{Simultaneous Localization a...
{'timestamp': '2016-08-10T02:05:01', 'yymm': '1608', 'arxiv_id': '1608.02680', 'language': 'en', 'url': 'https://arxiv.org/abs/1608.02680'}
\section{Introduction} The creation of interpersonal ties has been a fundamental question in the structural analysis of social networks. While strong ties emerge between individuals with similar social circles, forming a basis of trust and hence community structure, weak ties link two members who share few common conta...
{'timestamp': '2016-05-13T02:03:42', 'yymm': '1605', 'arxiv_id': '1605.03644', 'language': 'en', 'url': 'https://arxiv.org/abs/1605.03644'}
\section{Introduction} Inertial particles moving in a turbulent flow do not simply trace the paths of fluid elements since particle inertia allows the particles to detach from the local fluid. This causes small-scale spatial clustering even in incompressible turbulence~\citep{Max87,Dun05,Bec07,Vas08,Bra14}. Moreover, {...
{'timestamp': '2016-07-08T02:04:57', 'yymm': '1607', 'arxiv_id': '1607.01888', 'language': 'en', 'url': 'https://arxiv.org/abs/1607.01888'}
\section{Introduction} For $d \in \mathbb{N}$, let $S$ be a finite set of points in $\mathbb{R}^d$. The set $S$ is in \emph{general position} if, for every $k=1,\dots,d-1$, no $k+2$ points of $S$ lie in an affine $k$-dimensional subspace. A set $H$ of $k$ points from $S$ is a \emph{$k$-hole} in $S$ if $H$ is in convex...
{'timestamp': '2020-03-03T02:31:23', 'yymm': '2003', 'arxiv_id': '2003.00909', 'language': 'en', 'url': 'https://arxiv.org/abs/2003.00909'}
\section{Introduction} In this paper we study scaling limits of skew plane partitions with periodic weights under several boundary conditions. Recall that a \textit{partition} is a weakly decreasing sequence of non-negative integers where all but finitely many terms are zero. Given a partition $\lambda=(\lambda_1,\la...
{'timestamp': '2013-09-20T02:01:54', 'yymm': '1309', 'arxiv_id': '1309.4825', 'language': 'en', 'url': 'https://arxiv.org/abs/1309.4825'}
\section{Introduction} \label{section:Introduction} After molecular hydrogen (H$_2$) and carbon monoxide (CO), the water molecule (H$_2$O) can be one of the most abundant molecules in the interstellar medium (ISM) in galaxies. It provides some important diagnostic tools for various physical and chemical processes in...
{'timestamp': '2016-09-20T02:12:52', 'yymm': '1607', 'arxiv_id': '1607.06220', 'language': 'en', 'url': 'https://arxiv.org/abs/1607.06220'}
\section*{Part~I. A review of kinematics via Cayley--Klein geometries} \section{Possible kinematics} As noted by Inonu and Wigner in their work \cite{IW53} on contractions of groups and their representations, classical mechanics is a limiting case of relativistic mechanics, for both the Galilei group as well as its ...
{'timestamp': '2007-07-19T12:49:32', 'yymm': '0707', 'arxiv_id': '0707.2869', 'language': 'en', 'url': 'https://arxiv.org/abs/0707.2869'}
\section{INTRODUCTION} The Epoch of Reionization (EoR), a major global phase transition in which the neutral hydrogen in the Universe transitioned from almost neutral to largely ionized, remains one of the cosmological eras least constrained by observations. Although no direct measurements of this transition currently...
{'timestamp': '2017-03-29T02:01:15', 'yymm': '1607', 'arxiv_id': '1607.06282', 'language': 'en', 'url': 'https://arxiv.org/abs/1607.06282'}
\section{\mbox{\sl B\hspace{-0.4em} {\small\sl A}\hspace{-0.37em} \sl B\hspace{-0.4em} {\small\sl A\hspace{-0.02em}R}}\ Detector and Dataset} \label{sec:detector} The analysis is based on data collected with the \mbox{\sl B\hspace{-0.4em} {\small\sl A}\hspace{-0.37em} \sl B\hspace{-0.4em} {\small\sl A\hspace{-0.02e...
{'timestamp': '2007-07-18T10:35:08', 'yymm': '0707', 'arxiv_id': '0707.2670', 'language': 'en', 'url': 'https://arxiv.org/abs/0707.2670'}
\section{Introduction} \label{intro} {\em Ab-initio} techniques based on density-functional theory (DFT) have played a key role for several years in the study of matter under extreme conditions~\cite{stixrude98}. With recent progress in the direct {\em ab initio} calculation of thermodynamic free energies~\cite{sugino...
{'timestamp': '1999-08-27T11:39:15', 'yymm': '9908', 'arxiv_id': 'cond-mat/9908400', 'language': 'en', 'url': 'https://arxiv.org/abs/cond-mat/9908400'}
\section{Introduction} In the case of complicated space-time topology, a promising approach to quantization of general field theories involves cutting the space-time manifold into simple pieces, where the problem is more easily solved, and then gluing back the individual elements to obtain the final answer. This method...
{'timestamp': '2012-12-27T02:06:04', 'yymm': '1212', 'arxiv_id': '1212.6256', 'language': 'en', 'url': 'https://arxiv.org/abs/1212.6256'}
\section{Introduction} When a compact particle bunch or laser pulse enters a plasma column, this drive beam disturbs the free plasma electrons which can then set up an oscillatory motion that leads to strong electric fields (``wakefields”) in the direction of the bunch propagation and also transverse to it. By injec...
{'timestamp': '2022-06-14T02:29:22', 'yymm': '2206', 'arxiv_id': '2206.06040', 'language': 'en', 'url': 'https://arxiv.org/abs/2206.06040'}