context stringlengths 58 1.13k | citation_a dict | citation_b dict | case_id int64 475 12.5M | label stringclasses 2
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|---|---|---|---|---|
The record contains substantial evidence tying both defendants to the house and to the marijuana found inside the house. Although we have stated the test in various ways, an error admitting evidence is harmless if there is sufficient independent evidence that establishes the defendants' guilt. | {
"signal": "see",
"identifier": null,
"parenthetical": "error was harmless where \"government produced overwhelming evidence against Shannon independent of Eck's letter\"",
"sentence": "See United States v. Shannon, 137 F.3d 1112, 1119 (9th Cir.1998) (error was harmless where “government produced overwhelming ... | {
"signal": "see also",
"identifier": "68 F.3d 323, 328",
"parenthetical": "although prejudicial effect of officer's opinion substantially outweighed probative value and therefore was error to admit opinion under Rule 403, \"error was harmless ... because there was other reliable identification testimony identify... | 5,749,236 | a |
Typically, while denials of motions to dismiss are not deemed final for appellate purposes, the Panel agrees with those courts holding that denial of a request for dismissal regarding the application of the means test should be treated as final ap-pealable orders. | {
"signal": "see",
"identifier": "2007 WL 2668727, at *4",
"parenthetical": "\"[T]he split among the bankruptcy courts over application of the means test to this issue provides greater support for treating the denial of the Trustee's motion to dismiss for substantial abuse as final.\"",
"sentence": "See Randle ... | {
"signal": "see also",
"identifier": null,
"parenthetical": "an order is final if it disposes of all issues surrounding a discrete controversy within a larger proceeding",
"sentence": "See Randle v. Neary (In re Randle), 2007 WL 2668727 at *4 (N.D.Ill. Jul.20, 2007) (“[T]he split among the bankruptcy courts ov... | 3,619,234 | a |
Typically, while denials of motions to dismiss are not deemed final for appellate purposes, the Panel agrees with those courts holding that denial of a request for dismissal regarding the application of the means test should be treated as final ap-pealable orders. | {
"signal": "see",
"identifier": "373 B.R. 645, 646",
"parenthetical": "on appeal from bankruptcy court's order denying the UST's motion to dismiss under SS 707(b",
"sentence": "See Randle v. Neary (In re Randle), 2007 WL 2668727 at *4 (N.D.Ill. Jul.20, 2007) (“[T]he split among the bankruptcy courts over appli... | {
"signal": "see also",
"identifier": null,
"parenthetical": "an order is final if it disposes of all issues surrounding a discrete controversy within a larger proceeding",
"sentence": "See Randle v. Neary (In re Randle), 2007 WL 2668727 at *4 (N.D.Ill. Jul.20, 2007) (“[T]he split among the bankruptcy courts ov... | 3,619,234 | a |
P 28 Issues are capable of repetition when they could, or are likely to, reoccur in the future. | {
"signal": "see also",
"identifier": "140 P.3d 249, 262",
"parenthetical": "finding issue capable of repetition because other students \"could\" make similar claims in the future",
"sentence": "Ofengand, 183 P.3d at 692 (issue capable of repetition because it was “likely” to reoccur); see also Tesmer v. Colo. ... | {
"signal": "no signal",
"identifier": "183 P.3d 692, 692",
"parenthetical": "issue capable of repetition because it was \"likely\" to reoccur",
"sentence": "Ofengand, 183 P.3d at 692 (issue capable of repetition because it was “likely” to reoccur); see also Tesmer v. Colo. High Sch. Activities Ass’n, 140 P.3d ... | 12,409,430 | b |
Though the contents of the report were hearsay, neither the admission of this report nor the method in which it was used by the IJ affected the fundamental fairness of Kasa's removal proceeding. Though any hearsay document creates doubts as to its trustworthiness, the report confirms its reliability and trustworthiness... | {
"signal": "see",
"identifier": "325 F.3d 396, 408",
"parenthetical": "concluding that a letter that stated only conclusions of a supposed investigation was inadmissible in a removal proceeding in part because \"the complete dearth of information about the investigator or the investigation undermines the ... let... | {
"signal": "see also",
"identifier": "355 F.3d 32, 32",
"parenthetical": "emphasizing this factor in Ezeagwu-na in reaching a different conclusion",
"sentence": "See Ezeagwuna v. Ashcroft, 325 F.3d 396, 408 (3d Cir.2003) (concluding that a letter that stated only conclusions of a supposed investigation was ina... | 809,282 | a |
We find, however, that, taken together as a whole, Alston's actions after he drove by the patrol car were sufficiently suspicious to provide Hixson with the requisite reasonable and articulable suspicion to stop Alston from walking away from the scene. Hixson's brief detention of Alston was therefore reasonable to allo... | {
"signal": "see",
"identifier": "14 Va.App. 491, 491-92",
"parenthetical": "holding that a police officer's brief detention of a passenger who walked away from a lawfully stopped vehicle is warranted to promote the officer's \"significant interest in gaining control of and monitoring a potentially hazardous road... | {
"signal": "see also",
"identifier": "183 F.3d 682, 698",
"parenthetical": "finding that a police officer had reasonable suspicion to stop and briefly detain the defendant based, in part, on the defendant's \"quickly\" exiting and walking away from his vehicle in a parking lot when the officer, responding to a r... | 737,567 | a |
We find, however, that, taken together as a whole, Alston's actions after he drove by the patrol car were sufficiently suspicious to provide Hixson with the requisite reasonable and articulable suspicion to stop Alston from walking away from the scene. Hixson's brief detention of Alston was therefore reasonable to allo... | {
"signal": "see",
"identifier": "419 S.E.2d 259, 259",
"parenthetical": "holding that a police officer's brief detention of a passenger who walked away from a lawfully stopped vehicle is warranted to promote the officer's \"significant interest in gaining control of and monitoring a potentially hazardous roadsid... | {
"signal": "see also",
"identifier": "183 F.3d 682, 698",
"parenthetical": "finding that a police officer had reasonable suspicion to stop and briefly detain the defendant based, in part, on the defendant's \"quickly\" exiting and walking away from his vehicle in a parking lot when the officer, responding to a r... | 737,567 | a |
The district court did not clearly abuse its discretion in refusing to order a new trial based on any of the three reasons put forth by defendant. First, defendant knew of the alleged lawsuit settlement pri- or to trial, and Glenn was not the only witness who could have testified regarding that lawsuit; in fact, the se... | {
"signal": "no signal",
"identifier": "930 F.2d 482, 489",
"parenthetical": "\"Where facts alleged in support of [a motion for new trial] ... were known by the defendant at the time of trial, the defendant failed to satisfy the newly discovered evidence requirement of Rule 33.\"",
"sentence": "United States v.... | {
"signal": "cf.",
"identifier": "805 F.2d 641, 641",
"parenthetical": "noting that \"other courts ... have determined that the prosecution is under no duty to produce evidence that is available to a defendant\"",
"sentence": "United States v. Seago, 930 F.2d 482, 489 (6th Cir.1991) (“Where facts alleged in sup... | 10,514,149 | a |
The district court did not clearly abuse its discretion in refusing to order a new trial based on any of the three reasons put forth by defendant. First, defendant knew of the alleged lawsuit settlement pri- or to trial, and Glenn was not the only witness who could have testified regarding that lawsuit; in fact, the se... | {
"signal": "no signal",
"identifier": "712 F.2d 115, 122",
"parenthetical": "where defendants have ready access to exculpatory evidence they cannot complain that it was wrongly withheld by the government",
"sentence": "United States v. Seago, 930 F.2d 482, 489 (6th Cir.1991) (“Where facts alleged in support of... | {
"signal": "cf.",
"identifier": "805 F.2d 641, 641",
"parenthetical": "noting that \"other courts ... have determined that the prosecution is under no duty to produce evidence that is available to a defendant\"",
"sentence": "United States v. Seago, 930 F.2d 482, 489 (6th Cir.1991) (“Where facts alleged in sup... | 10,514,149 | a |
"The Federal Rules of Civil Procedure do not require a plaintiff to plead legal theories." Accordingly, when a plaintiff does plead legal theories, it can later alter those theories. | {
"signal": "see also",
"identifier": "772 F.3d 802, 808-09",
"parenthetical": "plaintiff should have been permitted to proceed on new summary judgment theory that re-characterized already-alleged facts and did not offer \"any unfair surprise\"",
"sentence": "Vidimos, 99 F.3d at 222; see also Whitaker v. Milwau... | {
"signal": "no signal",
"identifier": "799 F.3d 729, 743-44",
"parenthetical": "plaintiff did not inappropriately add new claim during summary judgment briefing when factual basis was alleged in complaint",
"sentence": "Id. (“[T]here is no burden on the plaintiff to justify altering its original theory.”); CMF... | 12,275,429 | b |
"The Federal Rules of Civil Procedure do not require a plaintiff to plead legal theories." Accordingly, when a plaintiff does plead legal theories, it can later alter those theories. | {
"signal": "see also",
"identifier": "772 F.3d 802, 808-09",
"parenthetical": "plaintiff should have been permitted to proceed on new summary judgment theory that re-characterized already-alleged facts and did not offer \"any unfair surprise\"",
"sentence": "Vidimos, 99 F.3d at 222; see also Whitaker v. Milwau... | {
"signal": "no signal",
"identifier": "636 F.3d 866, 872",
"parenthetical": "noting that, after reversal of dismissal on pleadings, district court would have supplemental jurisdiction over claims not articulated, but implicit, in complaint",
"sentence": "Id. (“[T]here is no burden on the plaintiff to justify a... | 12,275,429 | b |
What matters, however, is the probative value of such offers. This entails an analysis of the timing and circumstances under which they were made. | {
"signal": "see",
"identifier": "196 F.2d 276, 283",
"parenthetical": "finding that offer in compromise filed long after taxpayer learned of tax liability and without his having made any payment on the amount owed \"destroyed whatever probative value a prompt offer might have had.\"",
"sentence": "See United S... | {
"signal": "see also",
"identifier": "1991 WL 12346, *5",
"parenthetical": "excluding as not probative offer made six years after tax delinquencies arose and just prior to defendant taking bench as a judge",
"sentence": "See United States v. Stoehr, 196 F.2d 276, 283 (3d Cir.1952) (finding that offer in compro... | 1,579,705 | a |
What matters, however, is the probative value of such offers. This entails an analysis of the timing and circumstances under which they were made. | {
"signal": "see also",
"identifier": null,
"parenthetical": "excluding as not probative offer made six years after tax delinquencies arose and just prior to defendant taking bench as a judge",
"sentence": "See United States v. Stoehr, 196 F.2d 276, 283 (3d Cir.1952) (finding that offer in compromise filed long... | {
"signal": "see",
"identifier": "196 F.2d 276, 283",
"parenthetical": "finding that offer in compromise filed long after taxpayer learned of tax liability and without his having made any payment on the amount owed \"destroyed whatever probative value a prompt offer might have had.\"",
"sentence": "See United S... | 1,579,705 | b |
What matters, however, is the probative value of such offers. This entails an analysis of the timing and circumstances under which they were made. | {
"signal": "see also",
"identifier": "212 F.2d 61, 68",
"parenthetical": "excluding evidence of tax protests as not probative on question of good faith where government had already commenced its investigation and audit of taxpayer",
"sentence": "See United States v. Stoehr, 196 F.2d 276, 283 (3d Cir.1952) (fin... | {
"signal": "see",
"identifier": "196 F.2d 276, 283",
"parenthetical": "finding that offer in compromise filed long after taxpayer learned of tax liability and without his having made any payment on the amount owed \"destroyed whatever probative value a prompt offer might have had.\"",
"sentence": "See United S... | 1,579,705 | b |
What matters, however, is the probative value of such offers. This entails an analysis of the timing and circumstances under which they were made. | {
"signal": "see also",
"identifier": "227 F.2d 540, 543",
"parenthetical": "excluding evidence of offer in compromise made 2% years after government brought fraud to tax payer's attention",
"sentence": "See United States v. Stoehr, 196 F.2d 276, 283 (3d Cir.1952) (finding that offer in compromise filed long af... | {
"signal": "see",
"identifier": "196 F.2d 276, 283",
"parenthetical": "finding that offer in compromise filed long after taxpayer learned of tax liability and without his having made any payment on the amount owed \"destroyed whatever probative value a prompt offer might have had.\"",
"sentence": "See United S... | 1,579,705 | b |
(R. 214, Pl.'s Facts, Ex. 6.) Such references fail to demonstrate that the subsidiary is an alter ego or "mere instrumentality" of the parent. | {
"signal": "see also",
"identifier": "68 F.3d 1460, 1460",
"parenthetical": "noting that the district court properly rejected the plaintiffs' argument that the descriptions of the relationship between the parent and subsidiary as well as the presence of the parent's logo in subsidiary's promotional literature ju... | {
"signal": "see",
"identifier": "966 F.Supp. 1490, 1490",
"parenthetical": "\"the parent owns the subsidiary, it can do anything it wants with its subsidiary -- the subsidiary has no choice but to obey\"",
"sentence": "See Esmark, 887 F.2d at 757; Joiner, 966 F.Supp. at 1490 (“the parent owns the subsidiary, i... | 5,725,848 | b |
It would appear that the Supreme Court has also determined that fiduciary duties operate both independently from and in conjunction with ERISA's specifically delineated requirements. | {
"signal": "see also",
"identifier": null,
"parenthetical": "\"ERISA's rules concerning reporting, disclosure, and fiduciary responsibility apply to all employee benefit plans.\"",
"sentence": "See Varity Corp., - U.S. at -, 116 S.Ct. at 1074 (“If the fiduciary duty applied to nothing more than activities alre... | {
"signal": "see",
"identifier": "116 S.Ct. 1074, 1074",
"parenthetical": "\"If the fiduciary duty applied to nothing more than activities already controlled by other specific legal duties, it would serve no purpose.\"",
"sentence": "See Varity Corp., - U.S. at -, 116 S.Ct. at 1074 (“If the fiduciary duty appli... | 11,981,814 | b |
It would appear that the Supreme Court has also determined that fiduciary duties operate both independently from and in conjunction with ERISA's specifically delineated requirements. | {
"signal": "see",
"identifier": "116 S.Ct. 1074, 1074",
"parenthetical": "\"If the fiduciary duty applied to nothing more than activities already controlled by other specific legal duties, it would serve no purpose.\"",
"sentence": "See Varity Corp., - U.S. at -, 116 S.Ct. at 1074 (“If the fiduciary duty appli... | {
"signal": "see also",
"identifier": null,
"parenthetical": "\"ERISA's rules concerning reporting, disclosure, and fiduciary responsibility apply to all employee benefit plans.\"",
"sentence": "See Varity Corp., - U.S. at -, 116 S.Ct. at 1074 (“If the fiduciary duty applied to nothing more than activities alre... | 11,981,814 | a |
It would appear that the Supreme Court has also determined that fiduciary duties operate both independently from and in conjunction with ERISA's specifically delineated requirements. | {
"signal": "see",
"identifier": "116 S.Ct. 1074, 1074",
"parenthetical": "\"If the fiduciary duty applied to nothing more than activities already controlled by other specific legal duties, it would serve no purpose.\"",
"sentence": "See Varity Corp., - U.S. at -, 116 S.Ct. at 1074 (“If the fiduciary duty appli... | {
"signal": "see also",
"identifier": null,
"parenthetical": "\"ERISA's rules concerning reporting, disclosure, and fiduciary responsibility apply to all employee benefit plans.\"",
"sentence": "See Varity Corp., - U.S. at -, 116 S.Ct. at 1074 (“If the fiduciary duty applied to nothing more than activities alre... | 11,981,814 | a |
. There are other public contract cases allowing third-party beneficiary actions. | {
"signal": "no signal",
"identifier": "643 F.2d 1261, 1273",
"parenthetical": "tenants third-party beneficiaries of contract between landlord and Department of Housing and Urban Development [HUD] ",
"sentence": "Holbrook v. Pitt, 643 F.2d 1261, 1273 (7th Cir.1981) (tenants third-party beneficiaries of contract... | {
"signal": "but see",
"identifier": "664 F.2d 1210, 1218",
"parenthetical": "tenants not intended beneficiaries of agreement between HUD and housing authority",
"sentence": "Holbrook v. Pitt, 643 F.2d 1261, 1273 (7th Cir.1981) (tenants third-party beneficiaries of contract between landlord and Department of Ho... | 7,600,478 | a |
. There are other public contract cases allowing third-party beneficiary actions. | {
"signal": "but see",
"identifier": null,
"parenthetical": "no third-party beneficiary action based on contract between landlord and HUD",
"sentence": "Holbrook v. Pitt, 643 F.2d 1261, 1273 (7th Cir.1981) (tenants third-party beneficiaries of contract between landlord and Department of Housing and Urban Develo... | {
"signal": "no signal",
"identifier": "643 F.2d 1261, 1273",
"parenthetical": "tenants third-party beneficiaries of contract between landlord and Department of Housing and Urban Development [HUD] ",
"sentence": "Holbrook v. Pitt, 643 F.2d 1261, 1273 (7th Cir.1981) (tenants third-party beneficiaries of contract... | 7,600,478 | b |
. There are other public contract cases allowing third-party beneficiary actions. | {
"signal": "but see",
"identifier": null,
"parenthetical": "no third-party beneficiary action based on provision of contract with federal government prohibiting discrimination against handicapped",
"sentence": "Holbrook v. Pitt, 643 F.2d 1261, 1273 (7th Cir.1981) (tenants third-party beneficiaries of contract ... | {
"signal": "no signal",
"identifier": "643 F.2d 1261, 1273",
"parenthetical": "tenants third-party beneficiaries of contract between landlord and Department of Housing and Urban Development [HUD] ",
"sentence": "Holbrook v. Pitt, 643 F.2d 1261, 1273 (7th Cir.1981) (tenants third-party beneficiaries of contract... | 7,600,478 | b |
. There are other public contract cases allowing third-party beneficiary actions. | {
"signal": "but see",
"identifier": null,
"parenthetical": "unemployed persons only incidental beneficiaries of economic revitalization agreement between private companies and the federal government",
"sentence": "Holbrook v. Pitt, 643 F.2d 1261, 1273 (7th Cir.1981) (tenants third-party beneficiaries of contra... | {
"signal": "no signal",
"identifier": "643 F.2d 1261, 1273",
"parenthetical": "tenants third-party beneficiaries of contract between landlord and Department of Housing and Urban Development [HUD] ",
"sentence": "Holbrook v. Pitt, 643 F.2d 1261, 1273 (7th Cir.1981) (tenants third-party beneficiaries of contract... | 7,600,478 | b |
. There are other public contract cases allowing third-party beneficiary actions. | {
"signal": "no signal",
"identifier": "643 F.2d 1261, 1273",
"parenthetical": "tenants third-party beneficiaries of contract between landlord and Department of Housing and Urban Development [HUD] ",
"sentence": "Holbrook v. Pitt, 643 F.2d 1261, 1273 (7th Cir.1981) (tenants third-party beneficiaries of contract... | {
"signal": "but see",
"identifier": null,
"parenthetical": "unemployed persons only incidental beneficiaries of economic revitalization agreement between private companies and the federal government",
"sentence": "Holbrook v. Pitt, 643 F.2d 1261, 1273 (7th Cir.1981) (tenants third-party beneficiaries of contra... | 7,600,478 | a |
. There are other public contract cases allowing third-party beneficiary actions. | {
"signal": "no signal",
"identifier": "643 F.2d 1261, 1273",
"parenthetical": "tenants third-party beneficiaries of contract between landlord and Department of Housing and Urban Development [HUD] ",
"sentence": "Holbrook v. Pitt, 643 F.2d 1261, 1273 (7th Cir.1981) (tenants third-party beneficiaries of contract... | {
"signal": "but see",
"identifier": null,
"parenthetical": "unemployed persons only incidental beneficiaries of economic revitalization agreement between private companies and the federal government",
"sentence": "Holbrook v. Pitt, 643 F.2d 1261, 1273 (7th Cir.1981) (tenants third-party beneficiaries of contra... | 7,600,478 | a |
. There are other public contract cases allowing third-party beneficiary actions. | {
"signal": "but see",
"identifier": "664 F.2d 1210, 1218",
"parenthetical": "tenants not intended beneficiaries of agreement between HUD and housing authority",
"sentence": "Holbrook v. Pitt, 643 F.2d 1261, 1273 (7th Cir.1981) (tenants third-party beneficiaries of contract between landlord and Department of Ho... | {
"signal": "no signal",
"identifier": "601 F.2d 1242, 1250",
"parenthetical": "prisoner third-party beneficiary of contract between county and Bureau of Prisons",
"sentence": "Holbrook v. Pitt, 643 F.2d 1261, 1273 (7th Cir.1981) (tenants third-party beneficiaries of contract between landlord and Department of ... | 7,600,478 | b |
. There are other public contract cases allowing third-party beneficiary actions. | {
"signal": "but see",
"identifier": null,
"parenthetical": "no third-party beneficiary action based on contract between landlord and HUD",
"sentence": "Holbrook v. Pitt, 643 F.2d 1261, 1273 (7th Cir.1981) (tenants third-party beneficiaries of contract between landlord and Department of Housing and Urban Develo... | {
"signal": "no signal",
"identifier": "601 F.2d 1242, 1250",
"parenthetical": "prisoner third-party beneficiary of contract between county and Bureau of Prisons",
"sentence": "Holbrook v. Pitt, 643 F.2d 1261, 1273 (7th Cir.1981) (tenants third-party beneficiaries of contract between landlord and Department of ... | 7,600,478 | b |
. There are other public contract cases allowing third-party beneficiary actions. | {
"signal": "but see",
"identifier": null,
"parenthetical": "no third-party beneficiary action based on provision of contract with federal government prohibiting discrimination against handicapped",
"sentence": "Holbrook v. Pitt, 643 F.2d 1261, 1273 (7th Cir.1981) (tenants third-party beneficiaries of contract ... | {
"signal": "no signal",
"identifier": "601 F.2d 1242, 1250",
"parenthetical": "prisoner third-party beneficiary of contract between county and Bureau of Prisons",
"sentence": "Holbrook v. Pitt, 643 F.2d 1261, 1273 (7th Cir.1981) (tenants third-party beneficiaries of contract between landlord and Department of ... | 7,600,478 | b |
. There are other public contract cases allowing third-party beneficiary actions. | {
"signal": "no signal",
"identifier": "601 F.2d 1242, 1250",
"parenthetical": "prisoner third-party beneficiary of contract between county and Bureau of Prisons",
"sentence": "Holbrook v. Pitt, 643 F.2d 1261, 1273 (7th Cir.1981) (tenants third-party beneficiaries of contract between landlord and Department of ... | {
"signal": "but see",
"identifier": null,
"parenthetical": "unemployed persons only incidental beneficiaries of economic revitalization agreement between private companies and the federal government",
"sentence": "Holbrook v. Pitt, 643 F.2d 1261, 1273 (7th Cir.1981) (tenants third-party beneficiaries of contra... | 7,600,478 | a |
. There are other public contract cases allowing third-party beneficiary actions. | {
"signal": "no signal",
"identifier": "601 F.2d 1242, 1250",
"parenthetical": "prisoner third-party beneficiary of contract between county and Bureau of Prisons",
"sentence": "Holbrook v. Pitt, 643 F.2d 1261, 1273 (7th Cir.1981) (tenants third-party beneficiaries of contract between landlord and Department of ... | {
"signal": "but see",
"identifier": null,
"parenthetical": "unemployed persons only incidental beneficiaries of economic revitalization agreement between private companies and the federal government",
"sentence": "Holbrook v. Pitt, 643 F.2d 1261, 1273 (7th Cir.1981) (tenants third-party beneficiaries of contra... | 7,600,478 | a |
. There are other public contract cases allowing third-party beneficiary actions. | {
"signal": "but see",
"identifier": null,
"parenthetical": "unemployed persons only incidental beneficiaries of economic revitalization agreement between private companies and the federal government",
"sentence": "Holbrook v. Pitt, 643 F.2d 1261, 1273 (7th Cir.1981) (tenants third-party beneficiaries of contra... | {
"signal": "no signal",
"identifier": "601 F.2d 1242, 1250",
"parenthetical": "prisoner third-party beneficiary of contract between county and Bureau of Prisons",
"sentence": "Holbrook v. Pitt, 643 F.2d 1261, 1273 (7th Cir.1981) (tenants third-party beneficiaries of contract between landlord and Department of ... | 7,600,478 | b |
. There are other public contract cases allowing third-party beneficiary actions. | {
"signal": "but see",
"identifier": "664 F.2d 1210, 1218",
"parenthetical": "tenants not intended beneficiaries of agreement between HUD and housing authority",
"sentence": "Holbrook v. Pitt, 643 F.2d 1261, 1273 (7th Cir.1981) (tenants third-party beneficiaries of contract between landlord and Department of Ho... | {
"signal": "no signal",
"identifier": null,
"parenthetical": "prisoner third-party beneficiary of contract between county and Bureau of Prisons",
"sentence": "Holbrook v. Pitt, 643 F.2d 1261, 1273 (7th Cir.1981) (tenants third-party beneficiaries of contract between landlord and Department of Housing and Urban... | 7,600,478 | b |
. There are other public contract cases allowing third-party beneficiary actions. | {
"signal": "but see",
"identifier": null,
"parenthetical": "no third-party beneficiary action based on contract between landlord and HUD",
"sentence": "Holbrook v. Pitt, 643 F.2d 1261, 1273 (7th Cir.1981) (tenants third-party beneficiaries of contract between landlord and Department of Housing and Urban Develo... | {
"signal": "no signal",
"identifier": null,
"parenthetical": "prisoner third-party beneficiary of contract between county and Bureau of Prisons",
"sentence": "Holbrook v. Pitt, 643 F.2d 1261, 1273 (7th Cir.1981) (tenants third-party beneficiaries of contract between landlord and Department of Housing and Urban... | 7,600,478 | b |
. There are other public contract cases allowing third-party beneficiary actions. | {
"signal": "no signal",
"identifier": null,
"parenthetical": "prisoner third-party beneficiary of contract between county and Bureau of Prisons",
"sentence": "Holbrook v. Pitt, 643 F.2d 1261, 1273 (7th Cir.1981) (tenants third-party beneficiaries of contract between landlord and Department of Housing and Urban... | {
"signal": "but see",
"identifier": null,
"parenthetical": "no third-party beneficiary action based on provision of contract with federal government prohibiting discrimination against handicapped",
"sentence": "Holbrook v. Pitt, 643 F.2d 1261, 1273 (7th Cir.1981) (tenants third-party beneficiaries of contract ... | 7,600,478 | a |
. There are other public contract cases allowing third-party beneficiary actions. | {
"signal": "no signal",
"identifier": null,
"parenthetical": "prisoner third-party beneficiary of contract between county and Bureau of Prisons",
"sentence": "Holbrook v. Pitt, 643 F.2d 1261, 1273 (7th Cir.1981) (tenants third-party beneficiaries of contract between landlord and Department of Housing and Urban... | {
"signal": "but see",
"identifier": null,
"parenthetical": "unemployed persons only incidental beneficiaries of economic revitalization agreement between private companies and the federal government",
"sentence": "Holbrook v. Pitt, 643 F.2d 1261, 1273 (7th Cir.1981) (tenants third-party beneficiaries of contra... | 7,600,478 | a |
. There are other public contract cases allowing third-party beneficiary actions. | {
"signal": "but see",
"identifier": null,
"parenthetical": "unemployed persons only incidental beneficiaries of economic revitalization agreement between private companies and the federal government",
"sentence": "Holbrook v. Pitt, 643 F.2d 1261, 1273 (7th Cir.1981) (tenants third-party beneficiaries of contra... | {
"signal": "no signal",
"identifier": null,
"parenthetical": "prisoner third-party beneficiary of contract between county and Bureau of Prisons",
"sentence": "Holbrook v. Pitt, 643 F.2d 1261, 1273 (7th Cir.1981) (tenants third-party beneficiaries of contract between landlord and Department of Housing and Urban... | 7,600,478 | b |
. There are other public contract cases allowing third-party beneficiary actions. | {
"signal": "no signal",
"identifier": null,
"parenthetical": "prisoner third-party beneficiary of contract between county and Bureau of Prisons",
"sentence": "Holbrook v. Pitt, 643 F.2d 1261, 1273 (7th Cir.1981) (tenants third-party beneficiaries of contract between landlord and Department of Housing and Urban... | {
"signal": "but see",
"identifier": null,
"parenthetical": "unemployed persons only incidental beneficiaries of economic revitalization agreement between private companies and the federal government",
"sentence": "Holbrook v. Pitt, 643 F.2d 1261, 1273 (7th Cir.1981) (tenants third-party beneficiaries of contra... | 7,600,478 | a |
. There are other public contract cases allowing third-party beneficiary actions. | {
"signal": "but see",
"identifier": "664 F.2d 1210, 1218",
"parenthetical": "tenants not intended beneficiaries of agreement between HUD and housing authority",
"sentence": "Holbrook v. Pitt, 643 F.2d 1261, 1273 (7th Cir.1981) (tenants third-party beneficiaries of contract between landlord and Department of Ho... | {
"signal": "no signal",
"identifier": null,
"parenthetical": "prisoner third-party beneficiary of contract between county and Bureau of Prisons",
"sentence": "Holbrook v. Pitt, 643 F.2d 1261, 1273 (7th Cir.1981) (tenants third-party beneficiaries of contract between landlord and Department of Housing and Urban... | 7,600,478 | b |
. There are other public contract cases allowing third-party beneficiary actions. | {
"signal": "no signal",
"identifier": null,
"parenthetical": "prisoner third-party beneficiary of contract between county and Bureau of Prisons",
"sentence": "Holbrook v. Pitt, 643 F.2d 1261, 1273 (7th Cir.1981) (tenants third-party beneficiaries of contract between landlord and Department of Housing and Urban... | {
"signal": "but see",
"identifier": null,
"parenthetical": "no third-party beneficiary action based on contract between landlord and HUD",
"sentence": "Holbrook v. Pitt, 643 F.2d 1261, 1273 (7th Cir.1981) (tenants third-party beneficiaries of contract between landlord and Department of Housing and Urban Develo... | 7,600,478 | a |
. There are other public contract cases allowing third-party beneficiary actions. | {
"signal": "but see",
"identifier": null,
"parenthetical": "no third-party beneficiary action based on provision of contract with federal government prohibiting discrimination against handicapped",
"sentence": "Holbrook v. Pitt, 643 F.2d 1261, 1273 (7th Cir.1981) (tenants third-party beneficiaries of contract ... | {
"signal": "no signal",
"identifier": null,
"parenthetical": "prisoner third-party beneficiary of contract between county and Bureau of Prisons",
"sentence": "Holbrook v. Pitt, 643 F.2d 1261, 1273 (7th Cir.1981) (tenants third-party beneficiaries of contract between landlord and Department of Housing and Urban... | 7,600,478 | b |
. There are other public contract cases allowing third-party beneficiary actions. | {
"signal": "but see",
"identifier": null,
"parenthetical": "unemployed persons only incidental beneficiaries of economic revitalization agreement between private companies and the federal government",
"sentence": "Holbrook v. Pitt, 643 F.2d 1261, 1273 (7th Cir.1981) (tenants third-party beneficiaries of contra... | {
"signal": "no signal",
"identifier": null,
"parenthetical": "prisoner third-party beneficiary of contract between county and Bureau of Prisons",
"sentence": "Holbrook v. Pitt, 643 F.2d 1261, 1273 (7th Cir.1981) (tenants third-party beneficiaries of contract between landlord and Department of Housing and Urban... | 7,600,478 | b |
. There are other public contract cases allowing third-party beneficiary actions. | {
"signal": "but see",
"identifier": null,
"parenthetical": "unemployed persons only incidental beneficiaries of economic revitalization agreement between private companies and the federal government",
"sentence": "Holbrook v. Pitt, 643 F.2d 1261, 1273 (7th Cir.1981) (tenants third-party beneficiaries of contra... | {
"signal": "no signal",
"identifier": null,
"parenthetical": "prisoner third-party beneficiary of contract between county and Bureau of Prisons",
"sentence": "Holbrook v. Pitt, 643 F.2d 1261, 1273 (7th Cir.1981) (tenants third-party beneficiaries of contract between landlord and Department of Housing and Urban... | 7,600,478 | b |
. There are other public contract cases allowing third-party beneficiary actions. | {
"signal": "but see",
"identifier": null,
"parenthetical": "unemployed persons only incidental beneficiaries of economic revitalization agreement between private companies and the federal government",
"sentence": "Holbrook v. Pitt, 643 F.2d 1261, 1273 (7th Cir.1981) (tenants third-party beneficiaries of contra... | {
"signal": "no signal",
"identifier": null,
"parenthetical": "prisoner third-party beneficiary of contract between county and Bureau of Prisons",
"sentence": "Holbrook v. Pitt, 643 F.2d 1261, 1273 (7th Cir.1981) (tenants third-party beneficiaries of contract between landlord and Department of Housing and Urban... | 7,600,478 | b |
. There are other public contract cases allowing third-party beneficiary actions. | {
"signal": "but see",
"identifier": "664 F.2d 1210, 1218",
"parenthetical": "tenants not intended beneficiaries of agreement between HUD and housing authority",
"sentence": "Holbrook v. Pitt, 643 F.2d 1261, 1273 (7th Cir.1981) (tenants third-party beneficiaries of contract between landlord and Department of Ho... | {
"signal": "no signal",
"identifier": null,
"parenthetical": "prisoner third-party beneficiary of contract between county and Bureau of Prisons",
"sentence": "Holbrook v. Pitt, 643 F.2d 1261, 1273 (7th Cir.1981) (tenants third-party beneficiaries of contract between landlord and Department of Housing and Urban... | 7,600,478 | b |
. There are other public contract cases allowing third-party beneficiary actions. | {
"signal": "no signal",
"identifier": null,
"parenthetical": "prisoner third-party beneficiary of contract between county and Bureau of Prisons",
"sentence": "Holbrook v. Pitt, 643 F.2d 1261, 1273 (7th Cir.1981) (tenants third-party beneficiaries of contract between landlord and Department of Housing and Urban... | {
"signal": "but see",
"identifier": null,
"parenthetical": "no third-party beneficiary action based on contract between landlord and HUD",
"sentence": "Holbrook v. Pitt, 643 F.2d 1261, 1273 (7th Cir.1981) (tenants third-party beneficiaries of contract between landlord and Department of Housing and Urban Develo... | 7,600,478 | a |
. There are other public contract cases allowing third-party beneficiary actions. | {
"signal": "but see",
"identifier": null,
"parenthetical": "no third-party beneficiary action based on provision of contract with federal government prohibiting discrimination against handicapped",
"sentence": "Holbrook v. Pitt, 643 F.2d 1261, 1273 (7th Cir.1981) (tenants third-party beneficiaries of contract ... | {
"signal": "no signal",
"identifier": null,
"parenthetical": "prisoner third-party beneficiary of contract between county and Bureau of Prisons",
"sentence": "Holbrook v. Pitt, 643 F.2d 1261, 1273 (7th Cir.1981) (tenants third-party beneficiaries of contract between landlord and Department of Housing and Urban... | 7,600,478 | b |
. There are other public contract cases allowing third-party beneficiary actions. | {
"signal": "no signal",
"identifier": null,
"parenthetical": "prisoner third-party beneficiary of contract between county and Bureau of Prisons",
"sentence": "Holbrook v. Pitt, 643 F.2d 1261, 1273 (7th Cir.1981) (tenants third-party beneficiaries of contract between landlord and Department of Housing and Urban... | {
"signal": "but see",
"identifier": null,
"parenthetical": "unemployed persons only incidental beneficiaries of economic revitalization agreement between private companies and the federal government",
"sentence": "Holbrook v. Pitt, 643 F.2d 1261, 1273 (7th Cir.1981) (tenants third-party beneficiaries of contra... | 7,600,478 | a |
. There are other public contract cases allowing third-party beneficiary actions. | {
"signal": "but see",
"identifier": null,
"parenthetical": "unemployed persons only incidental beneficiaries of economic revitalization agreement between private companies and the federal government",
"sentence": "Holbrook v. Pitt, 643 F.2d 1261, 1273 (7th Cir.1981) (tenants third-party beneficiaries of contra... | {
"signal": "no signal",
"identifier": null,
"parenthetical": "prisoner third-party beneficiary of contract between county and Bureau of Prisons",
"sentence": "Holbrook v. Pitt, 643 F.2d 1261, 1273 (7th Cir.1981) (tenants third-party beneficiaries of contract between landlord and Department of Housing and Urban... | 7,600,478 | b |
. There are other public contract cases allowing third-party beneficiary actions. | {
"signal": "no signal",
"identifier": null,
"parenthetical": "prisoner third-party beneficiary of contract between county and Bureau of Prisons",
"sentence": "Holbrook v. Pitt, 643 F.2d 1261, 1273 (7th Cir.1981) (tenants third-party beneficiaries of contract between landlord and Department of Housing and Urban... | {
"signal": "but see",
"identifier": null,
"parenthetical": "unemployed persons only incidental beneficiaries of economic revitalization agreement between private companies and the federal government",
"sentence": "Holbrook v. Pitt, 643 F.2d 1261, 1273 (7th Cir.1981) (tenants third-party beneficiaries of contra... | 7,600,478 | a |
. There are other public contract cases allowing third-party beneficiary actions. | {
"signal": "but see",
"identifier": "664 F.2d 1210, 1218",
"parenthetical": "tenants not intended beneficiaries of agreement between HUD and housing authority",
"sentence": "Holbrook v. Pitt, 643 F.2d 1261, 1273 (7th Cir.1981) (tenants third-party beneficiaries of contract between landlord and Department of Ho... | {
"signal": "no signal",
"identifier": null,
"parenthetical": "house purchaser third-party beneficiary of federal nondiscrimination agreement with real estate agent",
"sentence": "Holbrook v. Pitt, 643 F.2d 1261, 1273 (7th Cir.1981) (tenants third-party beneficiaries of contract between landlord and Department ... | 7,600,478 | b |
. There are other public contract cases allowing third-party beneficiary actions. | {
"signal": "no signal",
"identifier": null,
"parenthetical": "house purchaser third-party beneficiary of federal nondiscrimination agreement with real estate agent",
"sentence": "Holbrook v. Pitt, 643 F.2d 1261, 1273 (7th Cir.1981) (tenants third-party beneficiaries of contract between landlord and Department ... | {
"signal": "but see",
"identifier": null,
"parenthetical": "no third-party beneficiary action based on contract between landlord and HUD",
"sentence": "Holbrook v. Pitt, 643 F.2d 1261, 1273 (7th Cir.1981) (tenants third-party beneficiaries of contract between landlord and Department of Housing and Urban Develo... | 7,600,478 | a |
. There are other public contract cases allowing third-party beneficiary actions. | {
"signal": "no signal",
"identifier": null,
"parenthetical": "house purchaser third-party beneficiary of federal nondiscrimination agreement with real estate agent",
"sentence": "Holbrook v. Pitt, 643 F.2d 1261, 1273 (7th Cir.1981) (tenants third-party beneficiaries of contract between landlord and Department ... | {
"signal": "but see",
"identifier": null,
"parenthetical": "no third-party beneficiary action based on provision of contract with federal government prohibiting discrimination against handicapped",
"sentence": "Holbrook v. Pitt, 643 F.2d 1261, 1273 (7th Cir.1981) (tenants third-party beneficiaries of contract ... | 7,600,478 | a |
. There are other public contract cases allowing third-party beneficiary actions. | {
"signal": "but see",
"identifier": null,
"parenthetical": "unemployed persons only incidental beneficiaries of economic revitalization agreement between private companies and the federal government",
"sentence": "Holbrook v. Pitt, 643 F.2d 1261, 1273 (7th Cir.1981) (tenants third-party beneficiaries of contra... | {
"signal": "no signal",
"identifier": null,
"parenthetical": "house purchaser third-party beneficiary of federal nondiscrimination agreement with real estate agent",
"sentence": "Holbrook v. Pitt, 643 F.2d 1261, 1273 (7th Cir.1981) (tenants third-party beneficiaries of contract between landlord and Department ... | 7,600,478 | b |
. There are other public contract cases allowing third-party beneficiary actions. | {
"signal": "no signal",
"identifier": null,
"parenthetical": "house purchaser third-party beneficiary of federal nondiscrimination agreement with real estate agent",
"sentence": "Holbrook v. Pitt, 643 F.2d 1261, 1273 (7th Cir.1981) (tenants third-party beneficiaries of contract between landlord and Department ... | {
"signal": "but see",
"identifier": null,
"parenthetical": "unemployed persons only incidental beneficiaries of economic revitalization agreement between private companies and the federal government",
"sentence": "Holbrook v. Pitt, 643 F.2d 1261, 1273 (7th Cir.1981) (tenants third-party beneficiaries of contra... | 7,600,478 | a |
. There are other public contract cases allowing third-party beneficiary actions. | {
"signal": "no signal",
"identifier": null,
"parenthetical": "house purchaser third-party beneficiary of federal nondiscrimination agreement with real estate agent",
"sentence": "Holbrook v. Pitt, 643 F.2d 1261, 1273 (7th Cir.1981) (tenants third-party beneficiaries of contract between landlord and Department ... | {
"signal": "but see",
"identifier": null,
"parenthetical": "unemployed persons only incidental beneficiaries of economic revitalization agreement between private companies and the federal government",
"sentence": "Holbrook v. Pitt, 643 F.2d 1261, 1273 (7th Cir.1981) (tenants third-party beneficiaries of contra... | 7,600,478 | a |
. There are other public contract cases allowing third-party beneficiary actions. | {
"signal": "but see",
"identifier": "664 F.2d 1210, 1218",
"parenthetical": "tenants not intended beneficiaries of agreement between HUD and housing authority",
"sentence": "Holbrook v. Pitt, 643 F.2d 1261, 1273 (7th Cir.1981) (tenants third-party beneficiaries of contract between landlord and Department of Ho... | {
"signal": "no signal",
"identifier": null,
"parenthetical": "house purchaser third-party beneficiary of federal nondiscrimination agreement with real estate agent",
"sentence": "Holbrook v. Pitt, 643 F.2d 1261, 1273 (7th Cir.1981) (tenants third-party beneficiaries of contract between landlord and Department ... | 7,600,478 | b |
. There are other public contract cases allowing third-party beneficiary actions. | {
"signal": "no signal",
"identifier": null,
"parenthetical": "house purchaser third-party beneficiary of federal nondiscrimination agreement with real estate agent",
"sentence": "Holbrook v. Pitt, 643 F.2d 1261, 1273 (7th Cir.1981) (tenants third-party beneficiaries of contract between landlord and Department ... | {
"signal": "but see",
"identifier": null,
"parenthetical": "no third-party beneficiary action based on contract between landlord and HUD",
"sentence": "Holbrook v. Pitt, 643 F.2d 1261, 1273 (7th Cir.1981) (tenants third-party beneficiaries of contract between landlord and Department of Housing and Urban Develo... | 7,600,478 | a |
. There are other public contract cases allowing third-party beneficiary actions. | {
"signal": "no signal",
"identifier": null,
"parenthetical": "house purchaser third-party beneficiary of federal nondiscrimination agreement with real estate agent",
"sentence": "Holbrook v. Pitt, 643 F.2d 1261, 1273 (7th Cir.1981) (tenants third-party beneficiaries of contract between landlord and Department ... | {
"signal": "but see",
"identifier": null,
"parenthetical": "no third-party beneficiary action based on provision of contract with federal government prohibiting discrimination against handicapped",
"sentence": "Holbrook v. Pitt, 643 F.2d 1261, 1273 (7th Cir.1981) (tenants third-party beneficiaries of contract ... | 7,600,478 | a |
. There are other public contract cases allowing third-party beneficiary actions. | {
"signal": "no signal",
"identifier": null,
"parenthetical": "house purchaser third-party beneficiary of federal nondiscrimination agreement with real estate agent",
"sentence": "Holbrook v. Pitt, 643 F.2d 1261, 1273 (7th Cir.1981) (tenants third-party beneficiaries of contract between landlord and Department ... | {
"signal": "but see",
"identifier": null,
"parenthetical": "unemployed persons only incidental beneficiaries of economic revitalization agreement between private companies and the federal government",
"sentence": "Holbrook v. Pitt, 643 F.2d 1261, 1273 (7th Cir.1981) (tenants third-party beneficiaries of contra... | 7,600,478 | a |
. There are other public contract cases allowing third-party beneficiary actions. | {
"signal": "but see",
"identifier": null,
"parenthetical": "unemployed persons only incidental beneficiaries of economic revitalization agreement between private companies and the federal government",
"sentence": "Holbrook v. Pitt, 643 F.2d 1261, 1273 (7th Cir.1981) (tenants third-party beneficiaries of contra... | {
"signal": "no signal",
"identifier": null,
"parenthetical": "house purchaser third-party beneficiary of federal nondiscrimination agreement with real estate agent",
"sentence": "Holbrook v. Pitt, 643 F.2d 1261, 1273 (7th Cir.1981) (tenants third-party beneficiaries of contract between landlord and Department ... | 7,600,478 | b |
. There are other public contract cases allowing third-party beneficiary actions. | {
"signal": "but see",
"identifier": null,
"parenthetical": "unemployed persons only incidental beneficiaries of economic revitalization agreement between private companies and the federal government",
"sentence": "Holbrook v. Pitt, 643 F.2d 1261, 1273 (7th Cir.1981) (tenants third-party beneficiaries of contra... | {
"signal": "no signal",
"identifier": null,
"parenthetical": "house purchaser third-party beneficiary of federal nondiscrimination agreement with real estate agent",
"sentence": "Holbrook v. Pitt, 643 F.2d 1261, 1273 (7th Cir.1981) (tenants third-party beneficiaries of contract between landlord and Department ... | 7,600,478 | b |
. There are other public contract cases allowing third-party beneficiary actions. | {
"signal": "but see",
"identifier": "664 F.2d 1210, 1218",
"parenthetical": "tenants not intended beneficiaries of agreement between HUD and housing authority",
"sentence": "Holbrook v. Pitt, 643 F.2d 1261, 1273 (7th Cir.1981) (tenants third-party beneficiaries of contract between landlord and Department of Ho... | {
"signal": "no signal",
"identifier": null,
"parenthetical": "construction company third-party beneficiary of contract between water district and engineering company",
"sentence": "Holbrook v. Pitt, 643 F.2d 1261, 1273 (7th Cir.1981) (tenants third-party beneficiaries of contract between landlord and Departmen... | 7,600,478 | b |
. There are other public contract cases allowing third-party beneficiary actions. | {
"signal": "no signal",
"identifier": null,
"parenthetical": "construction company third-party beneficiary of contract between water district and engineering company",
"sentence": "Holbrook v. Pitt, 643 F.2d 1261, 1273 (7th Cir.1981) (tenants third-party beneficiaries of contract between landlord and Departmen... | {
"signal": "but see",
"identifier": null,
"parenthetical": "no third-party beneficiary action based on contract between landlord and HUD",
"sentence": "Holbrook v. Pitt, 643 F.2d 1261, 1273 (7th Cir.1981) (tenants third-party beneficiaries of contract between landlord and Department of Housing and Urban Develo... | 7,600,478 | a |
. There are other public contract cases allowing third-party beneficiary actions. | {
"signal": "no signal",
"identifier": null,
"parenthetical": "construction company third-party beneficiary of contract between water district and engineering company",
"sentence": "Holbrook v. Pitt, 643 F.2d 1261, 1273 (7th Cir.1981) (tenants third-party beneficiaries of contract between landlord and Departmen... | {
"signal": "but see",
"identifier": null,
"parenthetical": "no third-party beneficiary action based on provision of contract with federal government prohibiting discrimination against handicapped",
"sentence": "Holbrook v. Pitt, 643 F.2d 1261, 1273 (7th Cir.1981) (tenants third-party beneficiaries of contract ... | 7,600,478 | a |
. There are other public contract cases allowing third-party beneficiary actions. | {
"signal": "no signal",
"identifier": null,
"parenthetical": "construction company third-party beneficiary of contract between water district and engineering company",
"sentence": "Holbrook v. Pitt, 643 F.2d 1261, 1273 (7th Cir.1981) (tenants third-party beneficiaries of contract between landlord and Departmen... | {
"signal": "but see",
"identifier": null,
"parenthetical": "unemployed persons only incidental beneficiaries of economic revitalization agreement between private companies and the federal government",
"sentence": "Holbrook v. Pitt, 643 F.2d 1261, 1273 (7th Cir.1981) (tenants third-party beneficiaries of contra... | 7,600,478 | a |
. There are other public contract cases allowing third-party beneficiary actions. | {
"signal": "no signal",
"identifier": null,
"parenthetical": "construction company third-party beneficiary of contract between water district and engineering company",
"sentence": "Holbrook v. Pitt, 643 F.2d 1261, 1273 (7th Cir.1981) (tenants third-party beneficiaries of contract between landlord and Departmen... | {
"signal": "but see",
"identifier": null,
"parenthetical": "unemployed persons only incidental beneficiaries of economic revitalization agreement between private companies and the federal government",
"sentence": "Holbrook v. Pitt, 643 F.2d 1261, 1273 (7th Cir.1981) (tenants third-party beneficiaries of contra... | 7,600,478 | a |
. There are other public contract cases allowing third-party beneficiary actions. | {
"signal": "but see",
"identifier": null,
"parenthetical": "unemployed persons only incidental beneficiaries of economic revitalization agreement between private companies and the federal government",
"sentence": "Holbrook v. Pitt, 643 F.2d 1261, 1273 (7th Cir.1981) (tenants third-party beneficiaries of contra... | {
"signal": "no signal",
"identifier": null,
"parenthetical": "construction company third-party beneficiary of contract between water district and engineering company",
"sentence": "Holbrook v. Pitt, 643 F.2d 1261, 1273 (7th Cir.1981) (tenants third-party beneficiaries of contract between landlord and Departmen... | 7,600,478 | b |
. There are other public contract cases allowing third-party beneficiary actions. | {
"signal": "but see",
"identifier": "664 F.2d 1210, 1218",
"parenthetical": "tenants not intended beneficiaries of agreement between HUD and housing authority",
"sentence": "Holbrook v. Pitt, 643 F.2d 1261, 1273 (7th Cir.1981) (tenants third-party beneficiaries of contract between landlord and Department of Ho... | {
"signal": "no signal",
"identifier": null,
"parenthetical": "construction company third-party beneficiary of contract between water district and engineering company",
"sentence": "Holbrook v. Pitt, 643 F.2d 1261, 1273 (7th Cir.1981) (tenants third-party beneficiaries of contract between landlord and Departmen... | 7,600,478 | b |
. There are other public contract cases allowing third-party beneficiary actions. | {
"signal": "but see",
"identifier": null,
"parenthetical": "no third-party beneficiary action based on contract between landlord and HUD",
"sentence": "Holbrook v. Pitt, 643 F.2d 1261, 1273 (7th Cir.1981) (tenants third-party beneficiaries of contract between landlord and Department of Housing and Urban Develo... | {
"signal": "no signal",
"identifier": null,
"parenthetical": "construction company third-party beneficiary of contract between water district and engineering company",
"sentence": "Holbrook v. Pitt, 643 F.2d 1261, 1273 (7th Cir.1981) (tenants third-party beneficiaries of contract between landlord and Departmen... | 7,600,478 | b |
. There are other public contract cases allowing third-party beneficiary actions. | {
"signal": "no signal",
"identifier": null,
"parenthetical": "construction company third-party beneficiary of contract between water district and engineering company",
"sentence": "Holbrook v. Pitt, 643 F.2d 1261, 1273 (7th Cir.1981) (tenants third-party beneficiaries of contract between landlord and Departmen... | {
"signal": "but see",
"identifier": null,
"parenthetical": "no third-party beneficiary action based on provision of contract with federal government prohibiting discrimination against handicapped",
"sentence": "Holbrook v. Pitt, 643 F.2d 1261, 1273 (7th Cir.1981) (tenants third-party beneficiaries of contract ... | 7,600,478 | a |
. There are other public contract cases allowing third-party beneficiary actions. | {
"signal": "no signal",
"identifier": null,
"parenthetical": "construction company third-party beneficiary of contract between water district and engineering company",
"sentence": "Holbrook v. Pitt, 643 F.2d 1261, 1273 (7th Cir.1981) (tenants third-party beneficiaries of contract between landlord and Departmen... | {
"signal": "but see",
"identifier": null,
"parenthetical": "unemployed persons only incidental beneficiaries of economic revitalization agreement between private companies and the federal government",
"sentence": "Holbrook v. Pitt, 643 F.2d 1261, 1273 (7th Cir.1981) (tenants third-party beneficiaries of contra... | 7,600,478 | a |
. There are other public contract cases allowing third-party beneficiary actions. | {
"signal": "no signal",
"identifier": null,
"parenthetical": "construction company third-party beneficiary of contract between water district and engineering company",
"sentence": "Holbrook v. Pitt, 643 F.2d 1261, 1273 (7th Cir.1981) (tenants third-party beneficiaries of contract between landlord and Departmen... | {
"signal": "but see",
"identifier": null,
"parenthetical": "unemployed persons only incidental beneficiaries of economic revitalization agreement between private companies and the federal government",
"sentence": "Holbrook v. Pitt, 643 F.2d 1261, 1273 (7th Cir.1981) (tenants third-party beneficiaries of contra... | 7,600,478 | a |
. There are other public contract cases allowing third-party beneficiary actions. | {
"signal": "but see",
"identifier": null,
"parenthetical": "unemployed persons only incidental beneficiaries of economic revitalization agreement between private companies and the federal government",
"sentence": "Holbrook v. Pitt, 643 F.2d 1261, 1273 (7th Cir.1981) (tenants third-party beneficiaries of contra... | {
"signal": "no signal",
"identifier": null,
"parenthetical": "construction company third-party beneficiary of contract between water district and engineering company",
"sentence": "Holbrook v. Pitt, 643 F.2d 1261, 1273 (7th Cir.1981) (tenants third-party beneficiaries of contract between landlord and Departmen... | 7,600,478 | b |
Put another way, they perceived his legal advocacy as a manifestation of his political beliefs. The fact that this testimony came amidst a discussion of Javed's political affiliations bolsters that conclusion. | {
"signal": "see also",
"identifier": "494 F.3d 281, 294",
"parenthetical": "cautioning against \"an impoverished view\" of what constitutes persecution on account of a political opinion",
"sentence": "See Mayorga-Vidal v. Holder, 675 F.3d 9, 18 (1st Cir. 2012) (“Political persecution may be grounded on an impu... | {
"signal": "see",
"identifier": "675 F.3d 9, 18",
"parenthetical": "\"Political persecution may be grounded on an imputed political opinion, whether or not the opinion is correctly or incorrectly attributed to the alien.\"",
"sentence": "See Mayorga-Vidal v. Holder, 675 F.3d 9, 18 (1st Cir. 2012) (“Political p... | 3,566,439 | b |
Although section 456.072(6) contains no severability provision, we must determine whether the constitutionally invalid section, which purports to grant the Board the discretion to develop reapplication rules, is severable from the rest of the statute. | {
"signal": "see also",
"identifier": "742 So.2d 1276, 1280",
"parenthetical": "\"Severability is a judicial doctrine recognizing the obligation of the judiciary to uphold the constitutionality of legislative enactments where it is possible to strike only the unconstitutional portions.\"",
"sentence": "See Dade... | {
"signal": "see",
"identifier": "141 So.2d 819, 821",
"parenthetical": "\"When a portion of a statute or ordinance is declared invalid the remaining portions thereof which are severable ordinarily should be recognized as valid, and it is the duty of the court to preserve their validity whether or not a severabil... | 8,236,746 | b |
Wright's waiver does not meet this standard because the record suggests that at the time he entered into the plea agreement, Wright was not aware that he might be ordered to pay a large restitution payment that possibly exceeds the losses to Amy proximately caused by his conduct. Wright's plea agreement referred to the... | {
"signal": "see",
"identifier": "217 F.3d 262, 271-72",
"parenthetical": "vacating a SS 3663 restitution award for lack of evidence of causation",
"sentence": "See United States v. Norris, 217 F.3d 262, 271-72 (5th Cir.2000) (vacating a § 3663 restitution award for lack of evidence of causation); see also Unit... | {
"signal": "see also",
"identifier": "71 F.3d 1143, 1146",
"parenthetical": "vacating a SS 3663 restitution order, despite an appeal waiver, because the order was not limited to losses caused by the defendant and thus exceeded the statutory maximum",
"sentence": "See United States v. Norris, 217 F.3d 262, 271-... | 4,202,562 | a |
There can be little good faith disagreement that the so-called "notice"-- stating only "[t]his is just for notice purposes as this has been discontinued and there are no allegations" (UF No. 11)-- inadequately complies with the policy's requirements of notice of Wrongful Act(s) Granted, the Summons with Notice alleged ... | {
"signal": "see",
"identifier": "838 F.Supp. 1125, 1130",
"parenthetical": "holding notice insufficient because it merely recited the language of the policy's notice provision and provided no information regarding \"the types of practices alleged to constitute 'wrongful acts,' the agents, officers, or directors ... | {
"signal": "see also",
"identifier": "2 F.3d 110, 113",
"parenthetical": "holding that insured informing insurer that it had received a cease and desist order was insufficient notice because it did not detail the \"particular subsidiary involved, the particular agents, officers, or directors involved, the time p... | 4,125,615 | a |
P 17 Rasul's threatening behavior and refusal to cooperate with multiple attorneys can be nothing less than part of a " 'plo/ to delay trial." | {
"signal": "cf.",
"identifier": "53 F.3d 325, 325",
"parenthetical": "defendant's threats to sue counsel were factors in forfeiture decision",
"sentence": "Cf. McLeod, 53 F.3d at 325 (defendant’s threats to sue counsel were factors in forfeiture decision)."
} | {
"signal": "see also",
"identifier": "897 A.2d 766, 766",
"parenthetical": "noting defendant's conduct fell just short of violence and was intended to force his attorney to withdraw",
"sentence": "Carruthers, 35 S.W.3d at 550; see also Bultron, 897 A.2d at 766 (noting defendant’s conduct fell just short of vio... | 5,543,625 | b |
In the court's view, it does not seem reasonable to impute to plaintiff an interpreta tion of the CWA that clearly was in flux at the time the land in question was purchased. | {
"signal": "see",
"identifier": "49 Fed.Cl. 269, 269",
"parenthetical": "reaching the same conclusion as to an individual who had purchased property in 1971, stating that \"[w]hile the Penn Central analysis anticipates reasonably foreseeable developments, it does not require a property owner to be clairvoyant\""... | {
"signal": "see also",
"identifier": "657 F.2d 1191, 1191",
"parenthetical": "suggesting that the events described above had \"radically transformed\" the regulatory regime, working an \"unforeseen change in the law\"",
"sentence": "See Walcek, 49 Fed.Cl. at 269 (reaching the same conclusion as to an individua... | 8,454,754 | a |
Mistakenly admitted evidence of pri- or crimes or convictions can, in some instances, "imping[e] upon the fundamental fairness of the trial itself." This court, however, as well as other circuits, has found that the improper admission of evidence of prior acts does not rise to the level of constitutional error if the t... | {
"signal": "see",
"identifier": "761 F.2d 1124, 1127",
"parenthetical": "\"This Court has held that such instructions to disregard often cure error.\"",
"sentence": "See Scrivner v. Tansy, 68 F.3d 1234, 1239-40 (10th Cir.1995); Warden v. Wyrick, 770 F.2d 112, 116 (8th Cir.1985); McAffee v. Procunier, 761 F.2d ... | {
"signal": "cf.",
"identifier": "604 F.2d 1327, 1329",
"parenthetical": "finding guilty verdict fundamentally unfair where the court improperly admitted evidence of prior conviction with no corrective instruction",
"sentence": "See Scrivner v. Tansy, 68 F.3d 1234, 1239-40 (10th Cir.1995); Warden v. Wyrick, 770... | 11,889,436 | a |
Generally, a Miranda/Doyle constitutional argument is defeated by the failure to establish that Miranda warnings have been given, meaning the Doyle protections do not apply. | {
"signal": "see also",
"identifier": "455 U.S. 605, 605",
"parenthetical": "distinguishing Doyle because record did not establish defendant \"received any Miranda warnings during the period in which he remained silent\"",
"sentence": "See, e.g., Hernandez, 284 Kan. at 88-92 (concluding Doyle violation not. est... | {
"signal": "see",
"identifier": "284 Kan. 88, 88-92",
"parenthetical": "concluding Doyle violation not. established when prosecutor's question was unclear regarding whether referring to pre- or post-Miranda silence",
"sentence": "See, e.g., Hernandez, 284 Kan. at 88-92 (concluding Doyle violation not. establis... | 4,365,522 | b |
Generally, a Miranda/Doyle constitutional argument is defeated by the failure to establish that Miranda warnings have been given, meaning the Doyle protections do not apply. | {
"signal": "see also",
"identifier": "196 Ga. App. 64, 65",
"parenthetical": "relying on Fletcher to hold defendant has burden to establish right to remain silent was asserted post-Miranda",
"sentence": "See, e.g., Hernandez, 284 Kan. at 88-92 (concluding Doyle violation not. established when prosecutor’s ques... | {
"signal": "see",
"identifier": "284 Kan. 88, 88-92",
"parenthetical": "concluding Doyle violation not. established when prosecutor's question was unclear regarding whether referring to pre- or post-Miranda silence",
"sentence": "See, e.g., Hernandez, 284 Kan. at 88-92 (concluding Doyle violation not. establis... | 4,365,522 | b |
Generally, a Miranda/Doyle constitutional argument is defeated by the failure to establish that Miranda warnings have been given, meaning the Doyle protections do not apply. | {
"signal": "see also",
"identifier": null,
"parenthetical": "relying on Fletcher to hold defendant has burden to establish right to remain silent was asserted post-Miranda",
"sentence": "See, e.g., Hernandez, 284 Kan. at 88-92 (concluding Doyle violation not. established when prosecutor’s question was unclear ... | {
"signal": "see",
"identifier": "284 Kan. 88, 88-92",
"parenthetical": "concluding Doyle violation not. established when prosecutor's question was unclear regarding whether referring to pre- or post-Miranda silence",
"sentence": "See, e.g., Hernandez, 284 Kan. at 88-92 (concluding Doyle violation not. establis... | 4,365,522 | b |
Generally, a Miranda/Doyle constitutional argument is defeated by the failure to establish that Miranda warnings have been given, meaning the Doyle protections do not apply. | {
"signal": "see also",
"identifier": "455 U.S. 605, 605",
"parenthetical": "distinguishing Doyle because record did not establish defendant \"received any Miranda warnings during the period in which he remained silent\"",
"sentence": "See, e.g., Hernandez, 284 Kan. at 88-92 (concluding Doyle violation not. est... | {
"signal": "see",
"identifier": "278 Kan. 157, 157",
"parenthetical": "noting record did not establish whether person was in custody or had received Miranda warnings before refusing to talk to investigators",
"sentence": "See, e.g., Hernandez, 284 Kan. at 88-92 (concluding Doyle violation not. established when... | 4,365,522 | b |
Generally, a Miranda/Doyle constitutional argument is defeated by the failure to establish that Miranda warnings have been given, meaning the Doyle protections do not apply. | {
"signal": "see",
"identifier": "278 Kan. 157, 157",
"parenthetical": "noting record did not establish whether person was in custody or had received Miranda warnings before refusing to talk to investigators",
"sentence": "See, e.g., Hernandez, 284 Kan. at 88-92 (concluding Doyle violation not. established when... | {
"signal": "see also",
"identifier": "196 Ga. App. 64, 65",
"parenthetical": "relying on Fletcher to hold defendant has burden to establish right to remain silent was asserted post-Miranda",
"sentence": "See, e.g., Hernandez, 284 Kan. at 88-92 (concluding Doyle violation not. established when prosecutor’s ques... | 4,365,522 | a |
Generally, a Miranda/Doyle constitutional argument is defeated by the failure to establish that Miranda warnings have been given, meaning the Doyle protections do not apply. | {
"signal": "see also",
"identifier": null,
"parenthetical": "relying on Fletcher to hold defendant has burden to establish right to remain silent was asserted post-Miranda",
"sentence": "See, e.g., Hernandez, 284 Kan. at 88-92 (concluding Doyle violation not. established when prosecutor’s question was unclear ... | {
"signal": "see",
"identifier": "278 Kan. 157, 157",
"parenthetical": "noting record did not establish whether person was in custody or had received Miranda warnings before refusing to talk to investigators",
"sentence": "See, e.g., Hernandez, 284 Kan. at 88-92 (concluding Doyle violation not. established when... | 4,365,522 | b |
Generally, a Miranda/Doyle constitutional argument is defeated by the failure to establish that Miranda warnings have been given, meaning the Doyle protections do not apply. | {
"signal": "see",
"identifier": "30 Kan. App. 2d 1247, 1250-51",
"parenthetical": "rejecting allegation of a Doyle violation because defendant failed to refer to any portion of the record indicating he had received Miranda warnings",
"sentence": "See, e.g., Hernandez, 284 Kan. at 88-92 (concluding Doyle violat... | {
"signal": "see also",
"identifier": "455 U.S. 605, 605",
"parenthetical": "distinguishing Doyle because record did not establish defendant \"received any Miranda warnings during the period in which he remained silent\"",
"sentence": "See, e.g., Hernandez, 284 Kan. at 88-92 (concluding Doyle violation not. est... | 4,365,522 | a |
Generally, a Miranda/Doyle constitutional argument is defeated by the failure to establish that Miranda warnings have been given, meaning the Doyle protections do not apply. | {
"signal": "see also",
"identifier": "196 Ga. App. 64, 65",
"parenthetical": "relying on Fletcher to hold defendant has burden to establish right to remain silent was asserted post-Miranda",
"sentence": "See, e.g., Hernandez, 284 Kan. at 88-92 (concluding Doyle violation not. established when prosecutor’s ques... | {
"signal": "see",
"identifier": "30 Kan. App. 2d 1247, 1250-51",
"parenthetical": "rejecting allegation of a Doyle violation because defendant failed to refer to any portion of the record indicating he had received Miranda warnings",
"sentence": "See, e.g., Hernandez, 284 Kan. at 88-92 (concluding Doyle violat... | 4,365,522 | b |
Generally, a Miranda/Doyle constitutional argument is defeated by the failure to establish that Miranda warnings have been given, meaning the Doyle protections do not apply. | {
"signal": "see",
"identifier": "30 Kan. App. 2d 1247, 1250-51",
"parenthetical": "rejecting allegation of a Doyle violation because defendant failed to refer to any portion of the record indicating he had received Miranda warnings",
"sentence": "See, e.g., Hernandez, 284 Kan. at 88-92 (concluding Doyle violat... | {
"signal": "see also",
"identifier": null,
"parenthetical": "relying on Fletcher to hold defendant has burden to establish right to remain silent was asserted post-Miranda",
"sentence": "See, e.g., Hernandez, 284 Kan. at 88-92 (concluding Doyle violation not. established when prosecutor’s question was unclear ... | 4,365,522 | a |
Generally, a Miranda/Doyle constitutional argument is defeated by the failure to establish that Miranda warnings have been given, meaning the Doyle protections do not apply. | {
"signal": "see",
"identifier": null,
"parenthetical": "rejecting allegation of a Doyle violation because defendant failed to refer to any portion of the record indicating he had received Miranda warnings",
"sentence": "See, e.g., Hernandez, 284 Kan. at 88-92 (concluding Doyle violation not. established when p... | {
"signal": "see also",
"identifier": "455 U.S. 605, 605",
"parenthetical": "distinguishing Doyle because record did not establish defendant \"received any Miranda warnings during the period in which he remained silent\"",
"sentence": "See, e.g., Hernandez, 284 Kan. at 88-92 (concluding Doyle violation not. est... | 4,365,522 | a |
Generally, a Miranda/Doyle constitutional argument is defeated by the failure to establish that Miranda warnings have been given, meaning the Doyle protections do not apply. | {
"signal": "see also",
"identifier": "196 Ga. App. 64, 65",
"parenthetical": "relying on Fletcher to hold defendant has burden to establish right to remain silent was asserted post-Miranda",
"sentence": "See, e.g., Hernandez, 284 Kan. at 88-92 (concluding Doyle violation not. established when prosecutor’s ques... | {
"signal": "see",
"identifier": null,
"parenthetical": "rejecting allegation of a Doyle violation because defendant failed to refer to any portion of the record indicating he had received Miranda warnings",
"sentence": "See, e.g., Hernandez, 284 Kan. at 88-92 (concluding Doyle violation not. established when p... | 4,365,522 | b |
Generally, a Miranda/Doyle constitutional argument is defeated by the failure to establish that Miranda warnings have been given, meaning the Doyle protections do not apply. | {
"signal": "see also",
"identifier": null,
"parenthetical": "relying on Fletcher to hold defendant has burden to establish right to remain silent was asserted post-Miranda",
"sentence": "See, e.g., Hernandez, 284 Kan. at 88-92 (concluding Doyle violation not. established when prosecutor’s question was unclear ... | {
"signal": "see",
"identifier": null,
"parenthetical": "rejecting allegation of a Doyle violation because defendant failed to refer to any portion of the record indicating he had received Miranda warnings",
"sentence": "See, e.g., Hernandez, 284 Kan. at 88-92 (concluding Doyle violation not. established when p... | 4,365,522 | b |
Generally, a Miranda/Doyle constitutional argument is defeated by the failure to establish that Miranda warnings have been given, meaning the Doyle protections do not apply. | {
"signal": "see also",
"identifier": "455 U.S. 605, 605",
"parenthetical": "distinguishing Doyle because record did not establish defendant \"received any Miranda warnings during the period in which he remained silent\"",
"sentence": "See, e.g., Hernandez, 284 Kan. at 88-92 (concluding Doyle violation not. est... | {
"signal": "see",
"identifier": null,
"parenthetical": "rejecting allegation of a Doyle violation because defendant failed to refer to any portion of the record indicating he had received Miranda warnings",
"sentence": "See, e.g., Hernandez, 284 Kan. at 88-92 (concluding Doyle violation not. established when p... | 4,365,522 | b |
Generally, a Miranda/Doyle constitutional argument is defeated by the failure to establish that Miranda warnings have been given, meaning the Doyle protections do not apply. | {
"signal": "see also",
"identifier": "196 Ga. App. 64, 65",
"parenthetical": "relying on Fletcher to hold defendant has burden to establish right to remain silent was asserted post-Miranda",
"sentence": "See, e.g., Hernandez, 284 Kan. at 88-92 (concluding Doyle violation not. established when prosecutor’s ques... | {
"signal": "see",
"identifier": null,
"parenthetical": "rejecting allegation of a Doyle violation because defendant failed to refer to any portion of the record indicating he had received Miranda warnings",
"sentence": "See, e.g., Hernandez, 284 Kan. at 88-92 (concluding Doyle violation not. established when p... | 4,365,522 | b |
Generally, a Miranda/Doyle constitutional argument is defeated by the failure to establish that Miranda warnings have been given, meaning the Doyle protections do not apply. | {
"signal": "see",
"identifier": null,
"parenthetical": "rejecting allegation of a Doyle violation because defendant failed to refer to any portion of the record indicating he had received Miranda warnings",
"sentence": "See, e.g., Hernandez, 284 Kan. at 88-92 (concluding Doyle violation not. established when p... | {
"signal": "see also",
"identifier": null,
"parenthetical": "relying on Fletcher to hold defendant has burden to establish right to remain silent was asserted post-Miranda",
"sentence": "See, e.g., Hernandez, 284 Kan. at 88-92 (concluding Doyle violation not. established when prosecutor’s question was unclear ... | 4,365,522 | a |
But, the subject matter' -- military pay and benefits -- at issue in Larionoff and Beckering is an exception to the general rule that service agreements are subject to traditional principles of contract law. | {
"signal": "see also",
"identifier": "366 U.S. 401, 401",
"parenthetical": "\"common-law rules governing private contracts have no place in the area of military pay\"",
"sentence": "Santiago, 425 F.3d at 554 n. 4 (noting that exceptions to the general rule have been carved out for the areas of military pay or ... | {
"signal": "no signal",
"identifier": null,
"parenthetical": "noting that exceptions to the general rule have been carved out for the areas of military pay or benefits due to the \"unique nature and characteristics of military service\"",
"sentence": "Santiago, 425 F.3d at 554 n. 4 (noting that exceptions to t... | 8,453,221 | b |
But, the subject matter' -- military pay and benefits -- at issue in Larionoff and Beckering is an exception to the general rule that service agreements are subject to traditional principles of contract law. | {
"signal": "no signal",
"identifier": null,
"parenthetical": "noting that exceptions to the general rule have been carved out for the areas of military pay or benefits due to the \"unique nature and characteristics of military service\"",
"sentence": "Santiago, 425 F.3d at 554 n. 4 (noting that exceptions to t... | {
"signal": "see also",
"identifier": null,
"parenthetical": "\"common-law rules governing private contracts have no place in the area of military pay\"",
"sentence": "Santiago, 425 F.3d at 554 n. 4 (noting that exceptions to the general rule have been carved out for the areas of military pay or benefits due to... | 8,453,221 | a |
Soto provided the sole and critical eyewitness evidence to support Whitmore's firearm conviction. We are hard-pressed to understand the government's claim that the proposed cross-examination would have "had only marginal evidentiary value," Appellee's Br. at 50, and we cannot ignore the potential impact of such a highl... | {
"signal": "no signal",
"identifier": "412 F.2d 64, 64",
"parenthetical": "\"Since virtually the whole of plaintiffs case was based on \"White's testimony,\" court's decision to \"prohibitf ] proper impeachment of plaintiffs key witness\" \"can only be regarded as material and significant\" and \"required\" \"a ... | {
"signal": "see also",
"identifier": "80 F.3d 518, 518",
"parenthetical": "noting in Brady context \"undisclosed impeachment evidence can be immaterial because of its cumulative nature only if the witness was already impeached at trial by the same kind of evidence\"",
"sentence": "Walker, 412 F.2d at 64 (“Sinc... | 9,285,361 | a |
The fact that the force used in the present case emanated from a taser, rather than from a more traditional device, is not dispositive. The use of any "unnecessary, gratuitous, and disproportionate force," whether arising from a gun, a baton, a taser, or other weapon, precludes an officer from receiving qualified immun... | {
"signal": "see also",
"identifier": "523 F.3d 442, 449",
"parenthetical": "concluding that use of a taser to \"punish or intimidate\" a pretrial detainee is not objectively reasonable and is contrary to clearly established law",
"sentence": "See Park, 250 F.3d at 852-53 (concluding that an officer’s use of “p... | {
"signal": "see",
"identifier": "250 F.3d 852, 852-53",
"parenthetical": "concluding that an officer's use of \"pepper spray\" to subdue an unarmed subject was irresponsible and excessive when the subject was not a threat to the officer or the public, and that the officer was not entitled to qualified immunity",... | 3,558,664 | b |
The evidence does not explain a notice provision in the contract, but rather seeks to change it. As such, the evidence is barred under Arizona's parol evidence rule. | {
"signal": "see also",
"identifier": null,
"parenthetical": "extrinsic evidence rejected because it is inconsistent with written contract and therefore imper-missibly contradicts or varies terms of contract",
"sentence": "See also Vecsel Partners, 29 F.3d 637, 1994 WL 315631 * 1 (extrinsic evidence rejected be... | {
"signal": "see",
"identifier": "1994 WL 462117, * 7",
"parenthetical": "extrinsic evidence is rejected because it varied or contradicted, rather than explained or elaborated on, the terms of agreement",
"sentence": "See Apollo Group, 58 F.3d at 482 (extrinsic evidence rejected because it contradicts parties’ ... | 11,216,497 | b |
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