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An adolescent boy presents with endocrinopathy, fibrous dysplasia of bone and hyperpigmentation. The probable diagnosis is :
Ans-BRef: Robbins Pathologic Basis of Disease, 8th editionExplanation:McCune Albright syndromeIt is characterized by the triad ofPolyostotic fibrous dysplasiaCafe-au-lait skin pigmentationMultiple EndocrinopathiesThe endocrinopathies include:Sexual precocityHyperthyroidismPituitary adenomas secreting GH Primary adrenal...
2
Alagille syndrome
McCune Albright syndrome
MEN Type 1
MEN Type 2
Unknown
null
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single
Massage and application of liniments to painful areas in the body relieves pain due to
Many people have learned from practical experience that rubbing or shaking an injured area decreases the pain due to the injury. The relief may be due to the simultaneous activation of innocuous cutaneous mechanoreceptors whose afferents emit collaterals that terminate in the dorsal horn. The activity of these cutaneou...
4
Stimulation of endogenous analgesic system
Release of endorphins by first order neurons in brainstem
Release of glutamate and substance P in the spinal cord
Inhibition by large myelinated fibres
Physiology
Nervous system
f3e07129-506e-4da7-8ec8-4ee76e4f6f11
single
In which of the following, parallel and uniform spaced collagen present?
Corneal stroma: a thick, transparent middle layer, consisting of regularly arranged collagen fibers along with sparsely distributed interconnected keratocytes Inderbir Singh&;s human Histology Seventh edition Pg 391
2
Diapharagm
Cornea
Basement membrane
Tympanic membrane
Anatomy
General anatomy
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multi
Mycobacterium leprae can be cultured in: September 2006
Ans. C: Footpad of mice In 1960 the American Charles Shepard discovered that it is possible to culture the bacterium in the footpads of mice (average 20 degree C). In 1971 Waldeman Kirchheimer and Eleanor Storrs discovered that the nine-banded armadillo, Dasypus novemcinctus, could also become infected. This species wa...
3
Testes of guinea pig
LJ medium
Footpad of mice
Testes of albino rats
Microbiology
null
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single
Hepatitis A virus is best diagnosed by -
HAV best diagnosed by demonstration of IgM antibody in serum REF:<\p> ANATHANARAYANAN MICROBIOLOGY NINTH EDITION PAGE.542
1
IgM antibodies in serum
Isolation from stool
Culture from blood
Isolation from bile
Microbiology
Virology
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single
Optic tract lesions presents with
(C) Homonymous hemianopia SITES OF LESIONS CLINICAL FEATURES* Optic NerveComplete loss of vision* Optic tractHomonymous hemianopia* Optic radiationComplete homonymous hemianopia* Proximal part of optic NerveIpsilateral blindness with contralateral hemianopia* Occipital lobeHomonymous hemianopia (usually sparing the mac...
3
Bitemporal hemianopia
Binasal hemianopia
Homonymous hemianopia
Superior quadrantic
Ophthalmology
Miscellaneous
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single
Presence of which of the following correlates best with renal pathology
Answer is C (Broad Cast): Broad casts are characteristic of Chronic Renal .failure. Broad Casts : arise in the dilated tubules of enlarged nephrons, that have- undergone compensatory hyperophy in response to reduced renal mass i.e. chronic renal failure. Waxy casts : are degenerated cellular casts seen in urine of pati...
3
Hyaline cast
Coarse granular cast
Broad cast
Epithelial cast
Medicine
null
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single
In the bisecting technique, the film is placed
null
2
Parallel to the tooth
As close as possible
Parallel to the bisector
Perpendicular to the bisector
Radiology
null
254dcbf9-83a9-461c-ba96-4aa58fae910c
multi
FESS means:
Indications ofFESSi) Chronic bacterial sinusitis unresponsive to adequate medical treatment.ii) Recurrentacutebacteridsinusitis.iii) Polypoid rhinosinusitis (diftrse nasal polyposis)'w) Fungal sinusitis with fungal ball or nasal polypi'v) Antrochoanal polyp and Ethmoid polypvi) Mucocele of frontoethmoid or sphenoid sin...
4
Factual endoscopic sinus surgey
Functionl endonasal sinus surgery
Factual endonasal sinus surgery
Functionl endoscopic sinus surgery
ENT
null
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single
What is least useful as diagnostic procedure in case of acute haemetemesis
C i.e. Gastric content aspiration - Patient is already having frank haematemesis (upper GI bleed coming through mouth). So there is no diagnostic role of gastric aspiration. It may be of some value, when there is doubt of upper GI bleed. Endoscopy is the investigation of choice for upper GI bleedQ. Endoscopy is helpful...
3
Barium meal
Endoscopy
Gastric content aspiration
Angiography
Radiology
null
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single
A 40-year-old obese man presents with intense pain in his left first metatarsophalangeal (MTP) joint for the past few hours. He has no history of trauma, fever, chills, and no previous similar episode. He has no history of renal disease or diabetes though he has been told he is "prediabetic." He does not recall any rec...
This patient is experiencing his first episode of acute gout. The first MTP joint is the most commonly affected, and 80% of acute gout attacks will be monoarticular. Predisposing conditions include trauma, surgery, starvation, high intake of beer and hard liquor (not wine), or diets high in meat and seafood. Certain me...
3
Start allopurinol immediately and titrate for a uric acid level below 6. Add colchicine if this is not effective within the first 24 hours.
Begin prednisone until symptoms subside.
Begin indomethacin. As the patient improves, reduce the dose to minimize gastrointestinal side effects.
Prescribe a narcotic until pain is under control.
Medicine
Miscellaneous
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multi
Which of the following movements would suffer in case of paralysis of the quadriceps femoris muscle?
Quadriceps femoris extends the leg (rectus femoris and the vastus muscles) and helps flex the hip (rectus femoris). It is innervated by the femoral nerve, which is made from the contributions of L2, 3, and 4 in the lumbar plexus. If a patient could not adduct at the hip, the adductor muscles might be damaged. These are...
3
Adduction at the hip
Extension at the hip
Extension at the knee
Flexion at the knee
Anatomy
null
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single
Eutectic lignocaine–prilocaine has the following unique property :
null
2
It causes motor blockade without sensory block
By surface application, it can anesthetize unbroken skin
It is not absorbed after surface application
It has strong vasoconstrictor action
Pharmacology
null
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single
Sudden painful loss of vision seen in –a) Angle closure glaucomab) Central retinal artery occlusionc) Acute uveitisd) Endophthalmitise) Retinal detachment
Causes of sudden painful loss of vision are :- Acute angle closure glaucoma, acute iridocyclitis (acute uveitis), chemical or mechanical injury to eye, endophthalmitis and optic neuritis.
2
abc
acd
bc
bde
Ophthalmology
null
be7c975f-d8fd-4c98-943f-0038bde070a6
single
All of the follwoing are of the size of adult at bih expect?
Development of the mastoid air cell system does not occur until afterbih, with about 90% of air cell formation being completed by the age of six with the remaining 10% taking place up to age of 18
4
Tympanic membrane
Ossicle
Tympanic cavity
Mastoid
ENT
null
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multi
Assessment and aiding for development of funds for the National Blindness Control Programme is done by
Funding for the NPCB- The allocation of funds for the NPCB increased with the sta of the World Bank-financed Project in 1995.
4
WHO
UNICEF
DANIDA
World Bank
Pathology
All India exam
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single
A young man with T.B presents with massive reccurere haemoptysis. For angiography treatment which vascular structure should be evaluated first
More significant hemoptysis can result from the proximity of the bronchial aery and vein to the air-way, with these vessels and the bronchus running together in what is often referred to as the bronchovascular bundle. Ref Harrison 19th edition pg 245-246
2
Pulmonary aery
Bronchial aery
Pulmonary vein
Superior vena cava
Anatomy
Respiratory system
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single
Birth weight of all 10 babies born in a nursing home on a day was 2.7 kg. Standard deviation is -
Ans. is 'a' i.e., 0.00 o This question is very simple.o Standard deviation is a measure of dispersion from central value.o In the question, there is only one central value (2.7 Kg) as all 10 babies have same weight. Thus, there is no dispersion.o Also, you can get the answerMean= 2.7+2.7+2.7+2.7+2.7+2.7+2.7+2.7+2.7+2.7...
1
0
1
0.27
2.7
Social & Preventive Medicine
Measures of Central Tendency and Distribution
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multi
Differential diagnosis of Hyperemesis gravidarum:
Ans. is a, b and c Nausea and vomiting of pregnancy commonly termed morning sickness' is a normal phenomenon in pregnancy, occurring in about 70% of all pregnancies. in most women, it is limited to the first trimester. but a few may continue to have symptoms throughout pregnancy. Hyperernesis gravidarum is the other en...
4
Gastritis
U.T.I
Reflux oesophagitis
All
Gynaecology & Obstetrics
null
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multi
A patient with carcinoma endometrium has >50% myometrial invasion and vaginal metastasis. Pelvic and retroperitoneal lymph nodesa are not involved. Peritoneal seedings are positive. The stage is:
Ans. b. Mb Stage of the patient with carcinoma endometrium having >50% myometrial invasion and vaginal metastasis with involvement of pelvic and retroperitoneal lymph nodes is Mb. Stage Feature I Cancer confined to corpus uteri IA No or less than half myometrial invasion. IB Invasion equal to or more than half of the m...
2
Ma
Tub
HIC1
II1C2
Gynaecology & Obstetrics
null
50ca064d-6a7a-42e1-b5e4-632504a8a77f
single
According to Child - pugh staging Child's B is
CTP scoring system ClassA: 5-6 points ClassB: 7-9 points ClassC: 10-15 points Ref: Sabiston 20th edition Pgno :1436
2
6-May
9-Jul
11-Oct
12-Sep
Anatomy
G.I.T
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single
Xylocaine heavy in subarachnoid space has concentration of
D i.e. 5%
4
1%
2%
3%
5%
Anaesthesia
null
0fb20e43-3a03-417c-8ece-49349e9b63d3
single
In a patient with a history of burning pain localized to the plantar aspect of the foot, the differential diagnosis must include -
Three most common caused of pain in the plantar aspect of the foot are plantar fasciitis, tarsal tunnel syndrome, and posterior tibial tendinopathy. Plantar fasciitis is the most common cause; however, burning pain is characteristic of neural pain. "If the patient describes the sensation as `burning "tingling ' or `nu...
3
Peripheral vascular disease
Tarsal coalation.
Tarsal tunnel syndrome
Planter fibromatosis
Orthopaedics
null
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single
Which of the following statements concerning skin melanocytes is true?
Melanocytes are present in the stratum basale of the epidermis. They synthesize melanin pigment and transfer it to keratinocytes to protect against damage caused by UV radiation. Melanocytes can give rise to a form of skin cancer called malignant melanoma. They derive from neural crest and migrate into the epidermis ea...
1
They synthesize a pigment that protects against damage caused by UV radiation.
They are located only in the dermis.
They produce keratohyalin granules.
They may give rise to basal cell carcinoma
Anatomy
Lymphoid tissue & Integumentary system
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multi
The most common cause of hirsutism:
Hirsutism M/C cause : PCOS Due to Hyperandrogenism Increase Androgen- increase Serum Testosterone & Andronstendione - decrease Sex hormone binding globulin- increase Free Androgen - Hirsutism Drugs for management of hirsutism OCP containing anti androgenic progesterones Spironolactone Cyproterone Acetate Other drugs- F...
2
Drug induced
PCOS
Endometriosis
Adenomyosis
Gynaecology & Obstetrics
Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome
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single
Following is true about bayard's spots:-
Tardieu's or Bayard's ecchymoses/spots: Round, dark-red, well-defined, pin-head sized spots, found in those pas where capillaries are least Suppoed, e.g. conjunctiva, face, epiglottis, subpleural urface of lungs, hea, meninges and thymus. They tend to be better made out in fair skinned persons, readily visible in fresh...
3
Due to the rupture of aerioles
Pathognomic of asphyxia
Present in putrefaction
Well defined, dark red spots seen over conjunctiva, subpleural surface of lungs, hea etc.
Forensic Medicine
Asphyxial deaths
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multi
Rabies virus is inactivated by
The best method of diagnosis for Rabies is a demonstration of Rabies virus by immunofluorescence Materials from which it is collected Antemortem → Corneal smears Facial skin biopsy Postmortem → Brain Rabies does not cause lifelong immunity, infact rabies infection causes the death of all patients. Rabies virus has a Si...
4
Phenol
UV radiation
BPL
All
Microbiology
null
ac362130-627e-46fe-bce4-51f858467834
multi
In sympathetic ophthalmitis first sign is :
A i.e. Presence of KP's
1
Presence of KPs.
Retrolental flare
Presence of aquous flare
Constriction of pupil
Ophthalmology
null
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single
After I.V. drug administration, elimination of a drug depends on
if a drug is highly lipid soluble it is unionized-easily eliminated if vd is more, elimination is difficult if clearance is good, elimination is easy Pg.no 30 KD TRIPATHI SEVENTH EDITION
4
Lipid solubility
Volume of distribution
Clearance
All of the above
Pharmacology
General pharmacology
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multi
Diagnostic Criteria of JRA
It is defined as ahritis of one or more joints with onset below 16 yr age and persisting for atleast 6 weeks Ref Ghai pediatrics eighth edition pg no 625
1
Disease persisting 6 weeks or longer
Onset before age 16 years
Ahritis involving >5 joints
Polyaicular JRA ANA is +ve
Pediatrics
Musculoskeletal disorders
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single
Lymphangitis carcinomatosa is a typical feature of:
Ans.b and e
2
Carcinoma of the thyroid
Carcinoma of the bronchus
Hepatoma
b and e
Radiology
null
ef947105-cc7d-40a4-9844-26eab7f201b3
single
Which structure DOESN'T pass through the gap between superior and middle constrictor muscle of pharynx
- Structures passing b/w superior & middle constrictor Glossopharyngeal Nerve (Nerve of 3rd arch) Stylopharyngeus Muscle ( muscle of 3rd arch )
3
Glossopharyngeal nerve
Stylopharyngeus muscle
Internal laryngeal nerve
Both stylopharyngeus and Glossopharyngeal nerve
Anatomy
Pharynx, larynx and trachea and cranial nerves 3,4,6
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multi
Laminar necrosis and watershed infarcts are most suggestive of
Decreased brain perfusion may be generalized (global) or localized. Global ischemia results from generalized decreased blood flow, such as with shock, cardiac arrest, or hypoxic episodes (e.g., near drowning or carbon monoxide poisoning). Global hypoxia results in watershed (border zone) infarcts, which typically occur...
1
Shock
Hypeension
Fat emboli
Vascular thrombosis
Medicine
C.N.S
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single
Target cells are seen in?
Ans. D. All of the aboveTarget cells (Central area of hemoglobinization)a. Liver diseaseb. Post - splenectomyc. thalassemiad. Hemoglobin C disease
4
Liver disease
Post splenectomy
Thalassemia
All of the above
Medicine
G.I.T.
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multi
Common complement component for both the pathways is the following:
Classic and alternate pathways lead to the production of C3b, the central molecule of the complement cascade. The presence of C3b on the surface of a microbe marks it as foreign and targets it for destruction. C3b has two impoant functions: (1) It combines with other complement components to generate C5 convease, the e...
1
C3
C5
Clq
C8
Pathology
null
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multi
Paget's disease of breast following are true except ?
Answer is None "A skin specimen containing Paget cells secures the diagnosis and can be obtained by nipple scrape cytology or biopsy."
4
Treated by simple mastectomy
Represents underlying malignancy
Presents as eczema
None
Surgery
null
3a4ddb59-2b69-4d26-a499-29e3b0ff6d27
multi
If tyrosine level in blood is normal without external supplementation, deficiency of which of the following is ruled out ?
Ans. is 'b' i.e., PhenylalanineTyrosine is synthesized from phenylalanine.In phenylalanine deficiency or in disorders in which phenylalanine cannot be conveed into tyrosine (phenylketonuria), tyrosine becomes an essential amino acid and should be supplemented from outside.
2
Tryptophan
Phenylalanine
Histidine
Isoleucine
Biochemistry
null
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single
Chikungunya virus belongs to which family:
Chikungunya is caused by the chikungunya virus, which is classified in the family Togaviridae, genus Alphavirus. Ref:
3
Enterovirus
Herpes virus
Toga virus
None of the above
Social & Preventive Medicine
null
2c4d133f-4a54-4d86-bccd-7295189ae911
multi
In neonatal cholestasis, if the serum gamma glutamyl- transpeptidase (GGT) is more than 600 IU/L the most likely diagnosis is:
D. Biliary atresia(Ref: Nelson's 20/e p 1933)3 Enzymes reflect cholestasis: Alkaline phosphatase, 5'nucleotidase & Gamma glutamyl transpeptidase.About GGT in Cholestasis: (Normal value of GGT is 5-40IU/L)"GGT levels are commonly elevated to values more than 10 times normal in biliary atresia while in hepatic causes it ...
4
Neonatal hepatitis
Choledochal cyst
Sclerosing cholangitis
Biliary atresia
Pediatrics
Gastro Intestinal System
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single
Stauffer syndrome is associated with the following malignancy:
The presenting signs and symptoms of renal cell carcinoma include hematuria, abdominal pain, and a flank or abdominal mass. A spectrum of paraneoplastic syndromes has been associated with this malignancy, including erythrocytosis, hypercalcemia, nonmetastatic hepatic dysfunction (Stauffer syndrome), and acquired dysfib...
1
Renal cell carcinoma
Neuroblastoma
Prostate cancer
Small cell carcinoma of lung
Surgery
null
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multi
Central muscle relaxants act by -
Ans. is 'b' i.e., Inhibits spinal polysynaptic reflexes Centrally acting muscle relaxants selectively depress spinal and supraspinal polysynaptic reflexes involved in the regulation of muscle tone without significantly affecting monosynaptic mediated stretch reflex.
2
Decreased nerve conduction
Inhibits spinal polysynaptic reflexes
Block conduction across NM junction
CNS depression
Pharmacology
null
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single
Which of the following is not an enzyme of Urea biosynthesis?
Carbamoyl Phosphate Synthase I Is the Pacemaker Enzyme of the Urea Cycle. Other enzymes are; Argininosuccinate Synthase. Argininosuccinate Lyase. Arginase.Ref: Harpers Illustrated Biochemistry, 30th edition, page no: 295
1
Carbomoyl phosphate synthetase II
Ornithine transcarbamylase
Argininosuccinase
Arginase
Biochemistry
Metabolism of nucleic acids
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single
Normal respiratory compliance is ?
The lungs and thoracic cage are both elastic structures. Hence they display a constant relationship between distending pressure and change in volume. The change in volume per unit change in pressure is called "compliance". The total compliance of both lungs together in the normal adult human being is about 0.2 L/cm wat...
1
200 ml/cm water
50 ml/cm water
100 ml/cm water
150 ml/cm water
Physiology
All India exam
c76b06f3-d265-4d4a-a299-f25721d1c03a
single
In one carbon metabolism when Serine converted to Glycine, which carbon atom is added to THFA?
Ans. B. Beta carbon
2
Alpha carbon
Beta carbon
Delta carbon
Gamma carbon
Biochemistry
Nutrition & Digestion
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single
Pressure-Volume loop of cardiac cycle is shown below. What does point C represent?
At point C, Ventricular pressure becomes more than aortic pressure. Hence, aortic valve opens.
3
Mitral valve opens
Mitral valve closes
Aortic valve opens
Aortic valve closes
Physiology
null
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single
Which of the following will not cause a low lung diffusing capacity(DL)?
A decrease in the diffusion distance will lead to an increase in DL. A decrease in capillary blood volume, surface area, cardiac output, and blood hemoglobin concentration will decrease DL.
1
Decreased diffusion distance
Decreased capillary blood volume
Decreased surface area
Decreased cardiac output
Physiology
General physiology
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single
The alveoli are filled with exudate the air is displaced conveing the lung into a solid organ. This description suggests-
Ans. is 'd' i.e., Lobar pneumonia
4
Chronic bronchitis
Bronchial asthma
Bronchiectasis
Lobar pneumonia
Pathology
null
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single
Most common indication for pediatric liver transplant?
Ans: b (Biliary atresia) Ref: Nelson, 18th ed, p. 1712, Table 365-1; 17th ed, p. 1349, Table 349-1Most frequent indication of pediatric liver transplantation is extrahepatic biliary atresia after a failed portoenterostomy (Kasai) procedure.Causes of neonatal cholestasisIntrahepatic* Idiopathic-- Commonest cause* Infect...
2
Wilson disease
Biliary atresia
Neonatal hepatitis
Cystic fibrosis
Pediatrics
Gastro Intestinal System
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single
Deficiencies in the enzyme glucose-6-phosphatase are likely to lead to which of the following?
Glucose-6-phosphate is required in the liver in order for this organ to supply the rest of the body with glucose that has been produced by hepatic gluconeogenesis or released from stored hepatic glycogen. A deficiency in glucose-6- phosphatase leads to the most common of the glycogen storage diseases, von Gierke's dise...
2
Decreased glucagon production
Decreased Skeletal Muscle Glycogen Accumulation
Hyperglycemia
Increased hepatic glycogen accumulation
Biochemistry
null
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single
Cadmium can cause all cancer except-
Cadmium can cause lung cancer and possibly has also been related to prostate cancer. Cadmium has also been linked to cancer of breast, kidney, pancreas and urinary bladder. Lung cancer is caused by inhaled cadmium while other are due to ingestion.
4
Lung
Pancreas
Prostate
Skin
Social & Preventive Medicine
null
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multi
An 18 year old female patient reports for her routine orthodontic appointment. 1st premolars from all quadrants had been extracted at the beginning of treatment. Her current status reveals 3 mm of space between the canines and 2nd premolars in all quadrants. Class II elastics were initiated to close these spaces. The t...
In 1893, Henry A. Baker introduced intermaxillary rubber bands to correct protrusions. His method came to be known as “Baker anchorage.” Class II elastic acts to correct a Class II relationship by providing a retraction force to the upper anterior teeth and a simultaneous protraction force to the lower molars.
2
Intramaxillary anchorage
Baker’s anchorage
Moyer’s anchorage
Absolute anchorage
Dental
null
62c27755-d0fe-4eaa-8f42-9ad317b37965
multi
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) has been isolated from many body fluids. Which of the following is a major source of transmission?
HIV has been isolated from blood, semen, vaginal secretions, saliva, tears, breast milk, CSF, amniotic fluid, and urine. It is an extremely fastidious virus that ordinarily is transmitted only after repeated admixture of body fluids. Blood and semen are by far the major transmission fluids.
3
Tears
Sweat
Semen
Urine
Surgery
Transplantation
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single
Which of the following reflects wavelength (nanometers) of Laser used for shaping cornea in refractive surgery:
A i.e. 193 - Corneal reshaping refractive procedures such as photorefractive keratectomy (PRK), laser assisted epithelial keratomileusis (LASEK), & laser assisted insitu keratomileusis (LASIK), used to correct refractive errors (myopia and hypermetropia), are ultraviolet-photoablation procedures using Excimer (also k/a...
1
193
451
532
1064
Ophthalmology
null
47258b4c-232e-4ff0-ae1b-313e0ea015c8
single
Biotin may be used for treatment of which of the following conditions?
Biotin is a cofactor for carboxylase, so it can be used in the treatment of multiple carboxylase deficiency. Maple syrup urine disease- Thiamine Methylmalonic acidemia- Vitamin B12, L- carnitine, Metronidazole Phenylketonuria- Tetrahydrobiopterin
4
Maple syrup urine disease
Methylmalonic acidemia
Phenylketonuria
Multiple carboxylase deficiency
Pediatrics
Disorders of Amino acid Metabolism
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single
The significance of difference between propoions can also be tested by-
* Chi-Square test offers a method of testing the significance of difference between the propoions. * Its advantage lies in the fact that it can also be used when more than two groups are to be compared. * By using this test, we can find out if the difference between two propoions or ratios has occurred by chance. The s...
2
.'t' test
Chi square test
ANOVA
Correlation and regression
Surgery
null
c4fb3d4c-62d8-437b-ac29-15b4dd5093df
single
Most of the viral infections present as
(Refer: AK Khurana Comprehensive Ophthalmology, 6th edition, pg no. 74 - 75)*Most of the viral infections tend to affect the epithelium, both of the conjunctiva and cornea. So, the typical viral lesion is a Keratoconjunctivitis*Causes of viral conjunctivitis are:- HSV adenovirus, Picornavirus (enterovirus-70, Coxsackie...
3
Conjunctivitis
Keratitis
Keratoconjunctivitis
None of the above
Ophthalmology
Miscellaneous
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multi
Most common tumor of eyelid is
Ans. a (Basal cell carcinoma). (Ref. Baily & Love, 25th/pg. 609)BASAL CELL CARCINOMA (BCC, rodent ulcer)# Basal cell carcinoma is the commonest form of skin cancer and typically affects individuals between the ages of 40 and 79 years; 50 percent are male.85 percent occur in the head and neck region.# Are thought to ori...
1
Basal cell carcinoma
Keratoacanthoma
Melanoma
Squamous cell carcinoma
Surgery
Neoplasia
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single
The following is a feature of Korsakoff’s psychosis
Ref. Oxford textbook of Psychiatry. Page. 28   Anterograde amnesia is also observed in patients with Korsakoff syndrome. Korsakoff syndrome is seen mainly in alcoholics who have a thiamine deficiency and often follows an acute presentation of Wernicke encephalopathy. Wernicke encephalopathy presents with ocular palsie...
1
Confabulation
Encephalopathy
Opthalmoplegia
Hallucination
Unknown
null
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multi
Area of the brain is usually not involved in WernickeKorsakoff syndrome: Karnataka 11
Ans. Hippocampus
3
Periventricular gray matter
Mammillary bodies
Hippocampus
Thalamus
Forensic Medicine
null
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multi
Rett's syndrome is characterized by -
Ans. is 'a' i.e., Regression of language and motor milestones Rett's syndromeo Age of onset is around 5 months.o Development may proceed normally until 1 yr of age, when regression of language and motor milestones become apparent.o This is the characteristic features, that they begin to loose their acquired skills, e.g...
1
Regression of language and motor milestones
Hyperactive child
Normal weight
Macrocephaly
Psychiatry
Mood Disorders
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single
Which of the following is treatment of Type I hypersensitivity
Sodium cromoglicate stabilises the mast cell membrane, inhibiting release of vasoactive mediators. It is effective as a prophylactic agent in asthma and allergic rhinitis, but has no role in acute attacks. It is poorly absorbed and therefore ineffective in the management of food allergies DAVIDSON&;S 22 ND EDITION
3
Histamine
IgA immunoglobulin
Sodium cromoglycate
Interleukin 5
Medicine
Immune system
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single
Most common presentation of nasopharyngeal carcinoma is: (JIPMER 2011 Repeat)
Ans: B (Cervical lymphadenopathy) Ref: Diseases of the Ear, Nose and Throat by PL Dhingra. 5th edn .2010 page 265Explanation:Nasopharyngeal CarcinomaMost commonly seen in the Chinese populationBimodal age distributionRisk factors are burning of incense sticks, preserved salted fish and decreased intake of vitamin CType...
2
Epistaxis
Cervical lymphadenopathy
Nasal obstruction
Hearing loss
ENT
Pharynx
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single
Which is true of ivermectin
Ref-KDT 6/e p813,814 Ivermectin is the drug of choice for onchocerciasis (river blindness) and strongyloidosis. It is also effective against other filarial worms It can also be used orally for the treatment of scabies and pediculosis. DEC is contraindicated in onchocerciasis
4
It is the most effective drug for strongyloidiasis
It is drug of choice for onchocerciasis
It can be used to treat scabies
All the above a
Anatomy
Other topics and Adverse effects
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multi
Which of the following is stored in freezer?
Ans: d (Measles) Ref: Park, 19th ed, p. 95The two vaccines which must be stored in the freezer compartment are:* Polio* Measles.Vaccines which must be stored in the cold part but never allowed to freeze are:* DPT* TT* DT* BCG* Diluents.Nothing is kept in the door!All vaccines with the letter T are kept in the cold part...
4
DT
IT
DPT
Measles
Social & Preventive Medicine
Miscellaneous
76c4ccfc-f326-4098-9286-dfaa885137b0
single
Most common joint to undergo recurrent dislocation is ?
Shoulder joint is the commonest joint to undergo dislocation.it occurs commonly in adults and rare in children. Anterior dislocation is common than posterior dislocation. Shoulder instability is term used when head of humerus is not stable within the glenoid. The instability may be uni or bidirectional. The instability...
1
Shoulder joint
Patella
Knee joint
Hip joint
Orthopaedics
Shoulder and arm injuries
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single
Rigor mois can be simulated by
A i.e. Cadaveric spasm
1
Cadaveric spasm
Algor mois
Adipocere
Livor mois
Forensic Medicine
null
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single
Exomphalos is a disease involving
null
3
Umbilicus
Cervix
Abdominal wall
Urinary bladder
Surgery
null
85b6c4f5-63b4-45f2-831b-babe5bbd5b87
multi
Among the following, which of the following is/are the greatest contributors to global warming as a consequence of human activities and life style ?
Carbon dioxide is not commonly regarded as an air pollutant it is a natural constituent of air. It does not take pa in any significant chemical reactions with other substances in the air However, it could increase global temperature enough to affect climate markedly
1
Carbon dioxide
Chlorofluorocarbons
Methane
Ozone
Social & Preventive Medicine
Environment and health
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single
Dose of centchroman is -
Ans. is 'a' i.e., 30 mg Cetchroman (Saheli)o Ormeloxifene, research product of Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, India.o It is a potent non - steroidal compound with potent anti - estrogenic and weak estrogenic properties. It is taken orally (30 mg) twice a wreek for first three months then once a wreek.o It wo...
1
30 mg
60 mg
120 mg
240 mg
Pharmacology
Vitamin
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single
The major clinical use of nimodipine is in ?
Ans. is 'c' i.e., Subarachnoid haemorrhage Nimodipine selectively relaxes cerebral vasculature, approved for prevention and treatment of neurological deficit due to cerebral vasospasm following subarachnoid haemorrhage or ruptured congenital intracranial aneurism.
3
Hypeension
Angina pectoris
Subarachnoid haemorrhage
Raynaud's phenomenon
Pharmacology
null
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single
A child presented with Intermittent episodes of left sided flank pain. Ultrasonography reveals large hydronephrosis with dilated renal pelvis and coical thinning with a normal ureter. Kidney differential function was observed to be 19% which of the following is the best management
Pyeloplasty is performed to treat an uretero-pelvic junction obstruction if residual renal function is adequate There are different types of pyeloplasty depending on the surgical technique and patterns of incision used. These include the Y-V, Inveed &;U&;, and Dismembered types of pyeloplasty. The dismembered type of p...
2
Nephrectomy
Pyeloplasty
External drainage
Endopylostomy
Pediatrics
Urinary tract
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single
Wavelength of carbon dioxide laser is?
Ans- A 10600 nm Ref- CO2 Lasers Definition: infrared lasers based on a gas mixture in which light is amplified by carbon dioxide molecules The CO2 laser (carbon dioxide laser) is a molecular gas laser based on a gas mixture as the gain medium, which contains carbon dioxide (CO2), helium (He), nitrogen (N2), and possibl...
1
10600 nm
1082nm
2940 nm
1064 nm
Unknown
null
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single
What is the disease in which these hand abnormalities are seen?
d. Marfan syndromeA - ArachnodactylyB - Steinberg sign (thumb tip extends from palm of hand, in a closed fist)C - Walker-Murdoch sign (thumb & 5th finger overlap each other, when opposite wrist is gripped)
4
Down syndrome
Osteogenesis imperfecta
Turner syndrome
Marfan syndrome
Pediatrics
Genetics And Genetic Disorders
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single
Regarding the sling procedure for Urodynamic Stress Incontinence (USI):
Ans. is c, i.e. Intrinsic sphincter deficiency is an indicationLets see each option:TVT acts by increasing urethral coaptation, kinking the urethra with the rise in abdominal pressure and not by elevating bladder neck hence option a is incorrect.TVT is made from polypropylene (marlex) or polytetrafluoroethylene (Gorete...
3
Tension-free vaginal tape (TVT) elevates the bladder neck to a retropubic position
TVT is an autologous sling material
Intrinsic sphincter deficiency is an indication
Success rate of TVT is low than other retropubic procedures
Gynaecology & Obstetrics
Urinary Fistulas
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A gravida 3 female with H/o 2 previous 2nd trimester aboion presents at 22 weeks of gestation with funneling of cervix. Most appropriate management would be:
<p> Cervical incompetency is the one of the cause for recurrent 2nd trimester miscarriage(20%) Management of cervical incompetence is by two types of operations named after Shirodkar and McDonald Reference:DC Dutta&;s textbook of obstetrics,8th edition,page no:199 <\p>
4
Administer dinoprostone and bed rest
Administer misoprostol and bed rest
Apply fothergill stretch
Apply McDonald stitch
Gynaecology & Obstetrics
General obstetrics
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Most common site for the osteoporotic veebral Fracture is :
*Most common symptom of osteoporosis is back pain secondary to veebral compression fracture. *Dorso - lumbar spine is the most frequent site. <img alt="" src=" /> * Other common sites of fracture are lower end radius and fracture neck femur. *Osteoporotic fracture are : (1)Fracture veebrae (2)Colle's Fracture (3) Fract...
1
Dorsolumbar spine
Cervical spine
Lumbosacral spine
Dorsal spine
Anatomy
null
e4bf9b47-23c4-4c96-8a09-d9f5e5c71e8a
single
Which of the following component of the eye has highest refractive index?
The refractive index of the lens coex is 1.386 while that of the lens core is 1.406. Refractive index of each component of the eye as an optical system Refracting medium Refractive index Air 1.000 Cornea 1.373 Aqueous humour 1.336 Lens(coex-core) 1.386 - 1.406 Vitreous humour 1.336 Ref: Parsons' Diseases of the Eye By ...
3
Anterior surface of the lens
Posterior surface of the lens
Centre of the lens
Cornea
Ophthalmology
null
887f7edd-d259-44b7-9fe6-50f4ccfb4193
single
The immediate treatment of unstable tibial plateau fracture is:
(Internal fixation with plate & screw) (720-ApIey's 8th)* Unstable fracture of Tibial plateau - In younger patient, and more so those with a central depression of more than 5 mm, open reduction with elevation of the plateau and internal fixation with a buttress plate is preferred.* Stable fracture - depression is sligh...
1
Internal fixation with plate & screw
Internal fixation with nail
External fixator
Complete bed rest
Orthopaedics
Injuries Around the Thigh & Knee
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single
Content of superficial perineal pouch ?
Bulbospongiosus
3
Sphincter urethrae
Deep transverse perinei
Bulbospongiosus
Aery of penis
Anatomy
null
40c0b4fa-a873-4951-895e-cbf43ba71661
single
The Basal Electrical Rhythm occurs in all pas of GIT, EXCEPT:
Except in the esophagus and the proximal poion of the stomach, the smooth muscle of GIT has spontaneous rhythmic fluctuations in membrane potential between about -65 and -45 mV. Basic electrical rhythm (BER) is initiated by the interstitial cells of Cajal, stellate mesenchymal pacemaker cells with smooth muscle-like fe...
1
Esophagus
Stomach
Duodenum
Colon
Physiology
GIT
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multi
All are present in mild dehydration, except ?
Ans. is 'c' i.e., Dry tongue
3
Thirst
Restlessness
Dry tongue
Normal BP
Social & Preventive Medicine
null
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multi
Ketamine is contraindicated in all except-
In contrast to other anesthetics, ketamine increases aerial blood pressure, hea rate and cardiac output. This is because it is sympathomimetic. Accompanying there changes true is increase in pulmonary aery pressure and myocardial work. Thus should be avoided in - Coronary aery disease Uncontrolled hypeension Congestive...
4
Congestive hea failure
Uncontrolled hypeension
Aerial aneurysm
Shock.
Anaesthesia
Intravenous Anesthetic Agents
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multi
In rabies, human diploid cell culture vaccine for post-exposure vaccination is given on the following days -
Post exposure prophylaxis(HDCV) requires 5 or 6 doses on 0,3,7,10,14,30&Optionally90. REF:<\p> ANATHANARAYANAN MICROBIOLOGY NINTH EDITION PAGE.531
3
0, 7, 28 then booster dose in 90 days
0, 7, 28 then booster dose in 2 days
0, 3, 7, 14, 30 then booster dose in 90 days
0, 3, 7 and booster dose in 90 days
Microbiology
Virology
151ff40d-ba40-4739-a2a3-e1f9b4c7e86b
single
Malignant gastric ulcers are characterized by A/E ?
Ans. is 'a' i.e., Ulcer extends beyond the gastric wallo In malignant ulcers mucosal rugae stop far of the ulcers whereas in benign ulcers mucosal rugae projects outwards from the margins of the ulcer
1
Malignant gastric ulcers are characterized by A/E ?
Mucosal rugae stop far of ulcers
Eccentric crater
Margins are raised
Pathology
null
019c1f6f-1d1f-4daa-a332-d9fcc3457084
single
Wilson disease all are true except -
Ans. is 'd' i.e., Raised ceruloplasmin level Wilson diseaseo Autosomal recessive.o Degenerative changes in brain, liver and KF ring in cornea (Descement membrane),o Defect in Copper metabolism (copper toxicosis).o Best screeing test is to measure serum ceruloplasmin,o Decrease ceruloplasmin in WDo Failure of copper to ...
4
AR
KF ring
Raised copper level
Raised ceruloplasmin level
Pediatrics
Inborn Errors of Metabolism
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multi
‘Dipstick Test’ for rapid diagnosis of Plasmodium falciparum is based on
‘Dipstick Test’ is used for the rapid diagnosis of Plasmodium falciparum (Pf) – Is a ‘rapid whole blood immuno-chromatographic test’ – Uses 2 antibodies specific for ‘Pf Histidine Rich Protein II Antigen’ – Is a ‘antigen capture assay’ – Colloidal gold is used in the test card – Gives results in 3 – 5 minutes – Specifi...
4
Arginine-rich protein
Serine-rich protein
Tyrosine-rich protein
Histidine-rich protein
Social & Preventive Medicine
null
da65f910-e789-45b3-b72f-609980443b69
single
20 years old female with complaints of nausea, vomiting, dizziness and pain in the legs. Her physical examination and all lab investigations and radiological investigations are normal. What would be the most probable diagnosis?
Here the patient presents with multiple, medically unexplained symptoms (MUS). This is an example of Somatisation Disorder. In somatoform pain disorder the major symptom will be unexplained chronic pain, which is usually isolated. Patients have a long history of complaints of severe pain out of propoion to any biomedic...
4
Generalized anxiety disorder
Conversion disorder
Somatoform pain disorder
Somatisation disorder
Psychiatry
null
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multi
In a child with hyperophied adenoids, the voice abnormality that is seen is
HYPONASALITY (RHINOLALIA CLAUSA) It is lack of nasal resonance for words which are resonated in the nasal cavity, e.g. m, n, ng. It is due to blockage of the nose or nasopharynx. Ref:- Dhingra; pg num:-315
4
Hot potato voice
Staccato voice
Rhinolalia apea
Rhinolalia clausa
ENT
Larynx
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single
In acute anterior uveitis, the pupil is
Pupillary signs in acute iritis: 1. Narrow pupil: It occurs in an acute attack of iridocyclitis due to irritation of sphincter pupillae by toxins. Iris edema and engorged radial vessels of iris also contribute to making the pupils narrow. 2. Irregular pupil shape: It results from segmental posterior synechiae formation...
3
Oval
Circular
Small, Irregular
Large, Irregular
Ophthalmology
Uveal tract
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multi
These instruments are used for the surgery of
CHALAZION CLAMP is used to fix the chalazion and achieve haemostasis during the incision and curettage operation CHALAZION SCOOP it is used to scoop out contents of the chalazion during incision and curettage.
2
Ptosis
Chalazion
Ectropion
Entropion
Ophthalmology
Lacrimal Apparatus and Eyelid Disorders
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single
A mother brought her child which has got a vascular plaque like lesion over the lateral aspect of forehead mainly involving ophthalmic and maxillary division of trigeminal nerve. Mother says that the lesion remains unchanged since bih. Also mother gives a history that the child is on valproate for seizure disorder. The...
C i.e. Sturge -Weber Syndrome Vascular plaque (capillary malformation) over lateral aspect of forehead mainly involving ophthalmic (VI) and maxillary (V2) division of trigeminal nerve and sezuresQ suggest diagnosis of Sturge-Weber syndrome (encephalo-trigeminal angiomatosis).
3
Tuberous sclerosis
Infantile hemangioma
Sturage weber syndrome
Incontinentia pigment
Skin
null
0a65a75c-a6c3-4a13-bfc2-3d45f6d22ee8
single
Ductopenia seen in
Ans. (b) Alagille syndromeRef: Internet Sources* Alagille syndrome is an autosomal dominant genetic disorder affecting liver and heart commonly.* Bile duct paucity is the common manifestation which results in Cirrhosis and Liver failure
2
Primary biliary cholangitis
Alagille syndrome
Caroli's disease
EHPVO
Surgery
Gall Bladder & Bile Ducts
64d15b30-c6d4-4a43-bd62-da14fc920dbf
single
X–ray detect congenital anorectal malformation at –
An X-ray film of the abdomen is obtained 12-24 hours after birth, with baby being kept in an inverted position.
2
Immediately after birth
24–48 hours
48–72 hours
After 72 hours
Pediatrics
null
18e07000-4fb4-444a-b3a7-b2c88079f2ff
single
Which of the following anti hypertensives act by decreasing heart rate only?
Ans: a (Propranolol) Ref: Katzung, 10th ed, p. 160Beta blockers decrease heart rate, force of contraction and cardiac output, this leads to decrease in blood pressure.Drugs used in hypertension are:1) Diuretics - Low-dose thiazide diuretics are often used as first-line agents, alone or in combination with other antihyp...
1
Propranolol
Methyl dopa
Prazosin
Nitrate
Pharmacology
C.V.S
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single
True about hepatitis A virus -
Hepatitis A leads to cirrhosis of the liver REF:ANANTHANARAYANAN TEXTBOOK OF MICROBIOLOGY 9EDITION PGNO.541
1
Causes cirrhosis
Helps HDV replication
Common cause of hepatitis in children
Causes chronic hepatitis
Microbiology
Virology
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multi
Which statement regarding glaucoma is true?
Glaucoma is the leading cause of irreversible blindness in the world. When sufficient axinal loss occurs, peripheral vision declines. Loss of central vision occurs much later in the disease process. Retinopathy due to glaucoma is irreversible. Treatment is focused on lowering intraocular pressure. Reduction in intracec...
4
If recognized early, the optic neuropathy of glaucoma is reversible
Topical B-adrenergic antagonists have few if any side effect due to their systemic absorption
The initial symptom oh optic neuropathy due to glaucoma is loss of central vision
None of the above
Surgery
null
e4185978-a701-4f82-97a3-1edc61595580
multi
All of the following are features of mumps, except:
d. Incubation period is less than 2 weeks(Ref: Nelsons' 20/e p 1552-1553, Ghai 8/e p 217-218)Mumps virus is a single stranded RNA virus in the family Paramyxoviridae and the genus Rubulavirus.
4
Caused by paramyxovirus
Aseptic meningitis is a complication in children
Orchitis is a complication in adults
Incubation period is less than 2 weeks
Pediatrics
General Considerations - Infectious Diseases
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multi
Biological clock of brain is located in
Ans. is 'c' i.e., Suprachiasmatic nucleus
3
Preoptic nucleus
Lateral nucleus
Suprachiasmatic nucleus
Supraoptic nucleus
Physiology
null
37033126-c04e-452c-a27b-db940e5284c1
single
All of the following form the boundary of MacEwen's triangle except -
Mastoid antrum is marked externally on the surface by suprameatal (Mac Ewen’s) triangle.
3
Temporal line
Posterosuperior segment of bony external auditory canal
Promontory
Tangent drawn to the external auditory meatus
ENT
null
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multi
In Coronary aery disease the cholesterol level (mg/dl) recommended is:
In Coronary Aery Disease (CAD) the cholesterol level (mg/dl) recommended is below 200. Desirable High risk of Hea disease Total cholesterol <200 > 240 HDL > 60 <40 LDL <100 >200 TG <150
1
Below 200
< 220
< 250
< 280
Biochemistry
Lipoproteins
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single