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Eustachian tube opens in middle ear in- | 70. Ans: b. Anterior wall
(Refer: PL Dhingra, Diseases of Ear, Nose & Throat, 7th edition, pg no. 61)
Eustachian tube
Cylindrical channel connecting tympanic cavity & nasopharynx called Pharyngotympanic tube
Opens in the anterior wall of middle ear
Epithelium – Ciliated columnar epithelium
Length – 36 mm (Lateral 1/... | 2 | floor | anterior wall | Superior wall | Posterior wall | Unknown | null | 8598e316-344a-482a-be19-b09a144d3bdb | multi |
Erythema chronicum migrans is seen in ? | 'a' i.e. Lyme's disease | 1 | Lyme's disease | Glucagonoma | Gastrinoma | Phaeochromocytoma | Surgery | null | a8b6a200-daaa-426e-a047-0dc78d7f553a | single |
Sympathetic stimulation has following effect on insulin release | Sympathetic stimulation decreases the release of insulin Ref: guyton and hall textbook of medical physiology 12 edition page number:610,611,612 | 2 | Stimulation | Inhibition | Inhibition followed by stimulation | No effect | Physiology | Nervous system | da5fe51b-16fe-4dc8-83d2-d7357745b467 | single |
In a child admitted with H. Influenza meningitis, Cefotaxime was staed instead of ampicillin. Which of these is the likely reason for this? | Ans. (a) H. influenzae stains known to produce Beta lactamase Approximately 20-35% of nontypable strains of hemophilus produce 13-lactamase. In addition to 0-lactamase alteration of penicillin binding proteins is a second mechanism of ampicillin resistance has been detected in isolates of H. influenzae. | 1 | H. influenzae stains known to produce Beta lactamase | H. influenzae stains known to have altered penicillin binding protein | More easier to give | It is cheap | Microbiology | null | eb7adaf2-cb4a-4acc-a89b-bfd88dc6ca71 | single |
With respect to ticlopidine, clopidogrei: | (Ref: KDT 6/e p610) Ticlopidine and clopidogrel are ADP antagonists and are used as antiplatelet drugs. Antiplatelet action, chances of bleeding and formation of antibodies is similar with these two agents. Clopidogrel is better tolerated because it is less likely to cause severe neutropenia and thrombocy topenia as co... | 2 | Is more likely to cause formation of antiplatelet antibodies | 15 less likely to cause neutropenia | Is more likely to cause severe bleeding | Has a greater antiplatelet effect | Pharmacology | Other topics and Adverse effects | a91fdf88-872d-44c7-85fd-439514fedf16 | single |
Feature of Henoch-Scholein purpura includes -a) Occur only in elderly personb) Palpable purpurac) Thrombocytopeniad) Arthralgia | null | 1 | bd | d | ab | ac | Medicine | null | 0176fac7-0022-4e81-a369-33323f1f87f1 | single |
Floor of Petit triangle is formed by- | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Internal oblique The lumbar triangle (Petit's triangle) is a weak area in the posterior part of the abdominal wall. It is bounded anteriorly by the posterior margin of the external oblique muscle, posteriorly by the anterior border of the latissimus dorsi muscle, and inferiorly by the iliac crest. The... | 2 | Sacrospinalis | Internal oblique | Rectus abdominis | Fascia Transversalis | Anatomy | Lower Extremity | 745f3aa6-fc9f-4d66-920e-ca63604b734c | single |
Glucose transpoer in myocyte? | D i.e. GLUT 4 | 4 | GLUT 1 | GLUT 2 | GLUT 3 | GLUT 4 | Physiology | null | df44b2c3-bbcb-4daf-9bd1-db22a5548736 | single |
Time taken for conversion of CIN cervix to invasive carcinoma is - years : | 10 | 2 | 5 | 10 | 15 | 20 | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null | 27605f01-5a2c-4a2b-93cb-322c5d28f6c4 | single |
What is Nitroblue tetrazolium test used for? | . Phagocytosis | 1 | Phagocytosis | Complement | T cell | B cell | Pathology | null | 36b186a8-5011-45b4-890c-60f801eabfe3 | single |
Which of the coagulation factor is least affected in a patient with vitamin K deficiency? | Factor VIII Patient with vitamin K deficiency will have mostly involvement of dependent clotting factors. I.e. Factors II, VII, IX & X | 3 | Factor 10 | Factor 9 | Factor 8 | Factor2 | Pathology | Clotting system | 4a6c7a86-db8a-4441-befa-000701b36846 | single |
All are true about sphincter urethrae except | The urethral sphincter is two muscles used to control the exit of urine in the urinary bladder through the urethra. Two muscles either the female or male, external urethral sphincter and internal urethral sphincter. ref - BDC vol2 pg376,380 | 4 | Voluntary | Supplied by Pudendal nerve | Originates from the ischiopubic rami | Located at bladder neck | Anatomy | Abdomen and pelvis | 16e6f9f4-ec1c-4883-b2a5-53859e96d36a | multi |
The following is a characteristic symptom of chronic pelvic inflammatory disease : | Backache | 3 | Dysuria | Constipation | Backache | Fever | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null | 30940d25-a86b-4212-bde4-87dda79cdce9 | single |
Onion skin thickening of aeriolar wall is seen in | Hyperplastic aeriolosclerosis is more typical of severe hypeension. Vessel exhibit onion skin , concentric laminated thickening of aeriolar walls and luminal narrowing Robbins 9 th edition page no. 334 | 4 | Atherosclerosis | Median calcific sclerosis | Hyaline aeriosclerosis | Hyperplastic aeriosclerosis | Pathology | Cardiovascular system | 9d04431c-ef19-43c0-8dd0-46ae83ad5bfe | multi |
A young lady presented with bilateral nodular lesions on shins. She was also found to have bilateral hilar lymphadenopathy on chest X-ray. Mantoux test reveals indurations of 5 mms. Skin biopsy would reveal: | Ans. is 'a' Non caseating granulomas Skin lesions in this patient in Erythema nodosum.Erythema nodosum, bilateral hilar lymphadenopathy negative Mantoux test in strongly suggestive of sarcoidosis.Skin biopsy {or biopsy from hilar nodes, conjunctiva, lip, or spleen, intraabdominal nodes) would reveal non- caseating gran... | 1 | Non caeseating Granuloma | Vasculitis | Caseating Granuloma | Malignant cells | Unknown | null | d461a73e-b0aa-4619-985c-c8ac2518877e | single |
Catecholamines are synthesized from ? | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Tyrosine Catecholamines (epinephrine, norepinephrine and dopamine) are synthesized from tyrosin. Has been explained in previous seesions. | 2 | Tryptophan | Tyrosine | Methionine | Histidine | Biochemistry | null | 63561008-8012-4318-aaf3-d0290839f975 | single |
Not a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor: | Buspirone | 3 | Flouxetine | Fluvoxamine | Buspirone | Citalopram | Psychiatry | null | 234a096f-048f-4565-b73c-17df6510ddbf | single |
Lipotropic factor are all except | Arginine
Lipotropic factors are substances which prevent the accumulation of fat (TGs) in the liver.
Primary lipotropic factors → choline, betaine, methionine, lecithin, inositol.
Other factors with some lipotropic action:- Vitamin-B12, folic acid, casein, glycine, essential fatty acids, selenium, vitamin E and serine... | 3 | Choline | Lecithin | Arginine | Methionine | Biochemistry | null | 20fdd1bb-4891-4964-8a1f-f44bbf8b17ea | multi |
Bony nasal septal perforation is seen in? | Ans. (b) SyphilisRef: Dhingra 5thed p.166 | 2 | Tuberculosis | Syphilis | Leprosy | Rhinosporidiosis | ENT | Disease of External Nose & Nasal Septum | 8144898c-8366-4c05-beee-36b43892a31c | single |
Which chromosomal anomaly associated with alzheimer's dementia? | Several genes play impoant pathogenic roles in at least some patients with Alzheimer's disease(AD). One is the APP gene on chromosome 21. Adults with trisomy 21 (Down syndrome) consistently develop the typical neuropathologic hallmarks of AD if they survive beyond age 40. Presenilin-1 (PS-1) is on chromosome 14 and enc... | 2 | Trisomy 18 | Trisomy 21 | Patau syndrome. | Turners syndrome | Psychiatry | null | b9093edf-d615-4ecf-bd39-af93a9544742 | single |
The usual voltage of alpha rhythm is | Alpha waves are neural oscillations in the frequency range of 8-12 Hz arising from the synchronous and coherent (in phase or constructive) electrical activity of thalamic pacemaker cells in humans. Ref: guyton and hall textbook of medical physiology 12 edition page number: 818,819,820 | 3 | 5 mv | 10 mv | 50 mv | 100 mv | Physiology | Nervous system | 7c6863be-5c1c-456e-a61e-43e020a49b05 | single |
Commonly injured in blunt abdominal injury is/are - | Answer is 'b' i.e. Prox.Jejunum Small bowel is frequently injured after a penetrating injury After blunt trauma small bowel injury can be seen in 5-20% of patients who required laprotomy. Mechanism of injury of small bowel by blunt trauma Small bowel is injured by 3 postulated mechanisms 1) crushing of the bowel betwee... | 2 | Mid ileum | Prox. jejunum | Mid jejunum | Distal ileum | Surgery | null | a4adc3c3-3480-46d8-9d4c-43ae417d6d81 | single |
For a population of 10000, sex ratio of more than 1000 means | In the given question
Total population is 10,000.
Also, Ideal sex ratio implies 5000 females for 5000 males
So, Sex ratio is more than 1000, it implies, Females are more than 1000 per 1000 males
Thus, females are > 5000 and males are < 5000 | 4 | Males are less than 500 | Females are less than 500 | Females are less than 5000 | Males are less than 5000 | Social & Preventive Medicine | null | 5036db49-08ef-4b15-ad89-bfeee88f0ed8 | single |
Which of the following is not true regarding Wolff-Parkinson-White (WPW) syndrome? | Wolff-Parkinson-White (WPW) syndrome Bundle of Kent is an aberrant anomalous path that connects SA node directly to the ventricles, bypassing the AV node. It is found in Wolff-Parkinson-White (WPW) syndrome There is no AV nodal delay. Hence, ventricular contraction stas very early, before its filling has occurs substan... | 3 | No AV nodal delay | Delta wave is seen on ECG | Prolonged PR interval | Bundle of Kent | Physiology | FMGE 2019 | 92a6214e-fac9-4af9-b808-bdd65b2a7356 | multi |
Which of the following chemotherapeutic agents is specific for the M phase of the cell cycle? | Vincristine (and vinblastine) are Vinca alkaloids that bind to tubulin, a component of cellular microtubules. This leads to disruption of the mitotic spindle apparatus and results in metaphase arrest since the chromosomes are unable to segregate. Since these drugs interfere with mitosis, they are considered cell-cycle ... | 4 | Cytarabine | Daunorubicin | Hydroxyurea | Vincristine | Pharmacology | null | 6782a57d-b371-4020-9736-b3927916c8b6 | single |
Mouth breathing is an example of | Non pressure habits are habits, which do not apply a direct force on the teeth or its supporting structure. Mouth breathing is an example of non pressure habit. | 2 | Compulsive habit | Non pressure habit | Meaningful habit | Useful habit | Dental | null | 9fcdcdd7-d864-415b-a30e-bf758e61036c | single |
In a patient on cisplatin therapy, which of the following diuretics would be preferred ? | null | 1 | Mannitol | Acetazolamide | Thiazide | Furosemide | Pharmacology | null | 47bf4cde-37a4-4f5f-991e-eeae38351698 | single |
Boys over 16 years who are too difficult to be handled in a certified school or have misbehaved there are sent to a : - | Borstals: Boys over 16 years who are too difficult to be handled in a certified school or have misbehaved there, are sent to a Borstal. Borstal, as an institution, falls between a certified school and an adult prison.
A borstal sentence is usually for 3 years, and is regarded as a method of training and reformation. | 2 | Remand home | Borstal | Foster home | Any of the above | Social & Preventive Medicine | null | 717d3f25-b8c3-43b8-83e1-d85c7ecca78f | multi |
a child wins the first prize in school, he is given choclates that he likes, he tend to get high marks in future, this is what line of terapy | Behavioral therapy is learning given by BF Skinner , according to him all behaviors are learned phenomenon and thus can be unlearned Positive reinforcement a type of reinforcement when a behavior is rewarded there is more chance that the behavior is repeated Negative reinforcement is that when a behavior is done and an... | 2 | interpersonal therapy | behaviour therapy | dialectic therapy | dynamic therapy | Anatomy | Treatment in psychiatry | 481bbca9-c745-40ec-b338-dddf6032ddc7 | single |
The serum concentration of which of the following human IgG subclasses is maximum? | IgG is the major class of immunoglobulin present in the serum. The IgG molecule consists of two L chains and two H chains (H2L2). There are four subclasses of IgG: IgG1, IgG2, IgG3, and IgG4. Each subtype contains a distinct but related H chain and each differs somewhat regarding their biological activities. IgG1 repre... | 1 | IgG1 | IgG2 | IgG3 | IgG4 | Microbiology | Immunology | 388cc912-bc4b-490e-a359-dfcaf38aba2a | single |
Bucky diaphragm? | Potter Bucky grid is a type of moving grid. These devices reduce the amount of scattered radiation reaching the film while still allowing the patterns containing the primary beams to reach the film.
The image of radiolucent grid lines on the film can be deleted by moving the grid perpendicular to the direction of grid ... | 1 | Reduces scattered radiation | Reduces response time | Decreases long wavelength rays | Decreases kVp and mA requirement | Radiology | null | 2e343ab3-b9bc-4058-999b-57bc379e3489 | single |
Spinocerebellum is involved in: | Vestibulocerebellum (flocculonodular lobe) concerned with equilibrium (postural balance) and eye movements. Spinocerebellum is responsible for smoothening and coordination of movements. Cerebrocerebellum has role in planning and programming of movements. Initiation of skilled voluntary movements: Coical association are... | 2 | Maintainance of postural balance | Smoothening and coordination of movements | Planning and programming of movements | Initiation of skilled voluntary movements | Physiology | Nervous System | 55a05a9c-3e27-4f4e-8b6c-347a65387c15 | single |
Treatment of contaminated wound in Gas Gangrene isa) Debridement of woundb) Systemic penicillinc) Metronidazole Administrationd) Peroxide dressings | null | 2 | ac | ab | ad | bc | Surgery | null | 2bf4af66-b302-4995-9c6b-93cfcca777cc | single |
Total T3 T4 and TSH all decrease in | (B) Hypopituitarism | 2 | Primary hypothyroidism | Hypopituitarism | Nephrotic syndrome | Pregnancy | Biochemistry | Miscellaneous (Bio-Chemistry) | 2dca49d5-3dec-4856-923c-020cf232838d | multi |
Marked dermatome is | Dermatome supply of the marked area is S2 | 4 | L4 | L5 | S1 | S2 | Anatomy | Nerve supply of Lower Limb | 2f00464b-b29b-4ac2-9246-1b70377abb1a | single |
Which of the following is commonest source of Extradural haemorrhage: | Ans is 'a' ie Middle meningeal artery (Ref. Chandrasoma Taylor, 3/e, p 924)"Extradural Haemorrhage is an accumulation of blood between the skull and the dura. In 90% of cases, bleeding is from a branch of the middle meningeal artery". ChandrasomaAlso remember *Subdural Haemorrhage, commonest source is - communicating v... | 1 | Middle meningeal artery | Subdural venous sinus | Charcot's artery | Middle cerebral artery | Surgery | Traumatic Brain Injury | 703d9208-a8d5-43cd-af29-0dd0ce8c4510 | single |
"Dentitia Tarda". | null | 3 | Resorption of the deciduous dentition | Premature loss of the deciduous dentition | Retarded eruption of deciduous dentition | Early eruption of deciduous dentition | Dental | null | b9b9edd0-fd1c-4c4e-87f7-d5e3636a72df | single |
Characteristic of Bacillus cereus food poisoning is | Bacillus cereus is an impoant cause of food poisoning. Two patterns: diarrheal and emetic. Diarrheal: associated with cooked meat and vegetables. Diarrhea and abdominal pain 8-16 hours after the ingestion of contaminated food. Vomiting rarely. Bacilli are not found in the fecal specimen of these patients. Emetic: assoc... | 2 | Presence of fever | Presence of pain in abdomen | Absence of vomiting | Absence of diarrhoea | Microbiology | Bacteriology | 87656262-d27f-40f5-b734-bdce6b31882a | single |
Which of the following is typical hanging | Refer the byte "Hanging and strangulation". | 2 | Knot is just below the chin | Knot is at occiput | Body is fully suspended | Legs are touching the ground | Forensic Medicine | null | 4a058d74-5272-4dd2-9db9-428b29260fb4 | single |
In terms of bih defect potential, the safest of the following drugs is | Alcohol sequelae include retardation of intrauterine growth, craniofacial abnormalities, and mental retardation. Isotretinoin, a drug for acne, is asoociated with congenital anomalies like Microtia, Micrognathia, cleft palate, thymic aplasia, CVS anomalies, NTDs Tetracyclines interfere with development of bone and can ... | 4 | Alcohol | Isotretinoin (Accutane) | Tetracyclines | Progesterones | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | Drugs in Pregnancy | 041a81a9-4c26-4e55-90f6-864f9a750504 | single |
A toddler has few drops of blood coining out of rectum. Probable diagnosis is:(AIIMS May 2013, May 2012) | Ans. a. Juvenile rectal polyp (Ref: Sabiston 19/e p1342; Schwartz 9/e p1043: Bailey 25/e p1228; Schackelford 7/e p2030; Harrison 19/e p537, 18/e p313, 352; 17/e p250)Most common cause of passage of few drops of blood per rectum in a toddler is Juvenile rectal polyp.Juvenile polypsJuvenile polyps are the MC type of colo... | 1 | Juvenile rectal polyp | Adenomatous Polyposis Coli | Rectal ulcer | Piles | Surgery | Rectum | 28a9d52d-7884-48c8-b2f2-1cd1df53f80e | single |
According to Gutman's classification periapical surgery includes all except: | GOT MAN’S CLASSIFICATION
1. Fistulative surgery
I & D
Cortical Trephination
Decompression Pracedure
2. ieri Apical Surgery
Periapical curellage
Root end Resection
Root end Preparation
Root end Filling
3. Corrective Surgery
Performation Repairs
Pathological Performance Repair
Iatrogenic Performance Repair
Root Re... | 4 | Periapical curettage | Root end resection. | Root end preparation. | Perforation repair. | Dental | null | 61fd768b-1c26-4caa-b645-a0d544e7a0a8 | multi |
A 12 year old girl complains of pain persisting in his leg for several weeks with a low grade fever. A radiograph reveals a mass in the diaphyseal region of the left femur with overlying cortical erosion and soft tissue extension. A biopsy of the lesion shows numerous small round cells, rich in PAS positive diastase se... | Ans. is 'c' i.e. Ewing's Sarcoma Small round cells rich in PAS positive diastase sensitive granules confirms the diagnosis of Ewing's sarcoma.The histopathological features of Ewing's sarcoma are:Small round cells having scant cytoplasmThese cells are rich in glycogen* this glycogen filled cytoplasm is detected by stai... | 3 | Osteogenic sarcoma. | Osteoblastoma. | Ewing's sarcoma. | Chondroblastoma | Orthopaedics | Bone Tumour | 5683f459-3d69-459d-9543-ab1961e8ac90 | multi |
Spores of bacteria are destroyed by | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Halogen Amongst the given options, only halogens have sporicidal propey | 3 | Alcohol | Lysol | Halogen | Ionizing radiation | Microbiology | null | bb6c011d-6212-4166-926e-049cdb0aa7e0 | single |
Congenital rubella syndrome (CRS) is associated with all of the following EXCEPT? | Cherry Red spot- not seen in congenital rubella syndrome. Congenital rubella syndrome (CRS) includes:-> Gregg's triad: Cataract Deafness (Sensorineural hearing loss) Congenital hea disease (Most common- PDA and less common-ASD) Rubella (German measles or 3-Day Measles) Mild , exanthematous disease Incubation period: 14... | 4 | Cataract | Sensory neural hearing loss | Congenital hea disease | Cherry Red spot | Pediatrics | Congenital Infections | 928a9131-1f08-465c-b60a-7ac5f2ece884 | multi |
All are true about breastfeeding Except | All mothers should be suppoed to initiate breastfeeding as soon as possible after bih, within the first hour after delivery.Provision of mother's breast milk to infants within one hour of bih is referred to as "early initiation of breastfeeding" and ensures that the infant receives the colostrum, or "first milk", which... | 4 | It is available at proper temperature | Breastmilk contains antibodies | Exclusive breastfeeding upto 6 months of age | To be staed after 4 hours of normal delivery | Microbiology | All India exam | 4d9e364e-5150-4a8c-b8db-0fde3b45640f | multi |
One of the health benefits of the use of combined oral contraceptives in pre–menopausal women is that these contraceptives reduce the risk of: | null | 3 | Deep vein thrombosis | Migraine | Ovarian cancer | Ischemic stroke | Pharmacology | null | 2a20ccdd-e840-4d9d-9cd2-cdf24655721b | single |
Delayed labour occurs in:a) Early use of epidural anesthesia with analgesiab) Early use of analgesiac) Unripened cervixd) Preeclampsiae) Use of sedative early in course of labour | Delayed/prolonged labour:
“Labour is said to be prolonged when the combined duration of the first and second stage is more than the arbitrary time limit of 18 hours or when the cervical dilatation rate is less than 1 cm/hr and descent of the presenting part is < 1 cm/hr for a period of 4 hours (WHO-1994).”
Causes of Pr... | 2 | bcde | abce | acde | abde | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null | 384545c2-5891-4e76-8fe3-590c747f429a | single |
Outermost nuclei of the basal ganglia includes | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Putamen * Basal ganglia include following nuclei:- caudate nucleus, putamen, globus pallidus, subthalamic nucleus and substantia nigra.* Putamen is the outermost basal ganglia nucleus lying just lateral to globus pallidus | 1 | Putamen | Globus pallidus | Substantia Niagra | Subthalmic nucleus | Anatomy | Neuroanatomy | eaebad0a-f8b0-43c1-a14b-8743208da2dc | multi |
McMurray's test is useful clinical test to assess injury to? | Ans. C. Meniscus injury. (Ref. Orthopedics by Ebnezar 4th/Pg. 257).A positive McMurray fs test is diagnostic of a meniscal injury.McMurray test# The McMurray test, also known as the McMurray circumduction test is used to evaluate individuals for tears in the meniscus of the knee. It is a rotation test for demonstrating... | 3 | Medial collateral ligamnet | Lateral collateral ligament | Meniscus injury | Crucitae ligament injury | Orthopaedics | Injuries Around the Thigh & Knee | 1d4756f6-6d8c-4bd2-8542-00a3fe2522c8 | single |
Malonyl acetyl transferase has activity of how many enzymes? | Malonyl acetyl transferase (MAT) is a pa of multienzyme complex : Fatty acid synthase.It has two activities:?Acetyl transferase or acetyl transacylase (E1)Malonyl transferase or malonyl transacylase (E2) | 2 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | Biochemistry | null | 127cf3ae-d323-4859-a497-7eea017e4359 | single |
Wucheria bancrofti, true is - | The somatic cells or nuclei appear as granules in the cental axis of the embryo and extend from the head to the tail end The granules do not extend into the tail end which is a distinguishing feature of Microfilaria bancrofti (refer pgno:165 baveja 3 rd edition) | 2 | Unsheathed | Tail tip free from nuclei | Non-periodic | All | Microbiology | parasitology | fc6ef4cc-c679-4bad-b470-548c0205c0b5 | multi |
A 40-year-old man underwent kidney transplantation. Two month after transplantation, he developed fever and feature suggestive of bilateral diffuse interstitial pneumonia. Which of the following is most likely etiologic agent? | Ans. (b) Cytomegalovirus Remember CMV is the MC infection complicating organ transplantation. CMV is MC cause of intrauterine infection. Risk of post-transplant CMV infection is greatest 5-13 weeks after transplant Infections after Kindeny Transplan Period after transplanatation Infection site Early (< 1 month) ttiddle... | 2 | Herpes simplex virus | Cytomegalovirus | Epstein-barr virus | Varicella , zoster virus | Microbiology | null | e64902d7-8894-4f47-9342-d72736810e10 | single |
All of the following statements are true about warfarin except:- | WARFARIN It acts by inhibiting the activation of vitamin K dependent clotting factors. These factors include clotting factors II, VII, IX and X. Half life of warfarin is 36-48 hours. Bleeding is the most common adverse effect of all anticoagulants. If a patient develops bleeding due to overdose of warfarin, fresh froze... | 4 | It inhibits activation of vitamin K dependent clotting factors | It can cross placenta | Its half-life is approximately 36 hours | Its dose should be increased in liver disease | Pharmacology | Hematology | e59d038a-1785-4938-b9be-57d93df402cc | multi |
Clinical effect of vitamin D is reduced by ? | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Simultoneous ingestion of phytates The main clinical effect of vitamin D is to enhance intestinal absorption of calcium. With an average intake of 1000 mg of calcium its net intestinal absorption is only 150-250 mg/day. Calcium is absorbed mainly in the duodenum and jejunum (proximal intestine) by an ... | 1 | Simultaneous ingestion of phytates | Simultaneous ingestion of lactose | Acidic environment | None | Pharmacology | null | 8dd447c7-6a4e-4253-9fd5-79f55382b03a | multi |
A newborn is found to have stridor. What is the the commonest cause of stridor in a newborn? | Laryngomalacia is the most common cause of stridor in infants, and is also the most common congenital laryngeal abnormality, accounting for approximately 60% of cases. Stridor occurs as a result of prolapse of the supraglottic structures into the laryngeal inlet on inspiration. Also know: Stridor is generally of laryng... | 1 | Laryngomalacia | Foreign body | Meconium aspiration | Recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy due to bih | Pediatrics | null | da35797a-7923-4323-8728-f14e3a33d9fa | single |
Isthmus of thyroid gland is across tracheal rings: | The isthmus of the thyroid gland extends across the midline in front of the 2nd, 3rd, and 4th tracheal rings. | 1 | 2nd - 4th | 3rd - 5th | 5th and 6th | 4th only | Anatomy | null | 2fb811f8-3f1a-4204-b0be-6a6acedaedb6 | single |
Enzyme defective in Maple syrup urine disease is: | Enzyme deficiencies and conditionsTyrosinase is deficient in albinismPhenylalanine hydroxylase is deficient in phenylketonuriaMaple syrup urine disease is due to a defect in the enzyme branched chain alpha-keto acid dehydrogenaseHomogentisate oxidase is deficient in alkaptonuria | 3 | Tyrosinase | Phenylalanine hydroxylase | Branched chain alpha ketoacid dehydrogenase | Homogentisate oxidase | Biochemistry | null | b6a37377-a663-457e-bec1-9d857e6660a7 | single |
Which of the following is true about vasa previa except? | Ans. is b, i.e. Mortality rate of 20% with undiagnosed caseRef Williams Obs 23/e, p 583-584, High risk pregnancy" Fernando Anas 3/e p 348, progress in Obs. and Gynae- John Studd vol. 17/e p 209Vasa previa: It is a condition in which the fetal blood vessels unsupported by either umbical cord or placental tissue, overlie... | 2 | Incidence is 1 :1500 | Mortality rate of 20% with undiagnosed case | Associated with low lying placenta | Cesarean section is indicated | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | Antepartum Haemorrhage | a62afd03-c9d8-4035-9664-44028059d7ee | multi |
Flight of idea is seen in | A i.e. Mania | 1 | Mania | Schizophrenia | Depression | Delirium | Psychiatry | null | 30fa4567-fd3d-4b9f-9658-cd28a9a37ac6 | single |
Use of filters result in: | Ans. Beam of greater intensity | 4 | Softer beam radiation | Wider beam coverage | Less penetrating beam | Beam of greater intensity | Radiology | null | e0c1ead0-6335-4de1-92e3-50f69aa1bd20 | single |
Management of extradural hemorrhage is - | null | 2 | Antibiotics | Immediate evacuvation | Evacuvation after 24 hrs. | Observation | Surgery | null | 5935aa1d-83a3-45e5-a06c-d1559cf378f5 | single |
Metabolic disorder leading to acute pancreatitis | (B) Hyperparathyroidism# Causes of Acute Pancreatitis> Common Causes Gallstones (including microlithiasis) Alcohol (acute and chronic alcoholism); Hypertriglyceridemia Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP), especially after biliary manometry Trauma (especially blunt abdominal trauma) Postoperative (abdo... | 2 | Hypoparathyroidism | Hyperparathyroidism | Hypothyroidism | Hyperthyroidism | Surgery | Miscellaneous | 48477a1a-07f4-4e41-868c-8586303acc71 | single |
A 60-year-old woman complains to a physician because several of her toe nails are discolored. Physical examination demonstrates crumbling, friable nails with distal-lateral separation from the nail bed. Hyperkeratotic debris is present under the affected pa of the nail. Which of the following is the most likely pathoge... | The patient has a fungal nail infection. These infections are seen most commonly in the elderly, and are usually caused by dermatophyte infection, typically Trichophyton rubrum, Trichophyton mentagrophytes, or Epidermophyton floccosum. Some of the more superficial lesions can be removed by simply scraping the fungus of... | 4 | Aspergillus | Candida | Mucor | Trichophyton | Microbiology | null | 81ae110d-1fcb-49b0-8730-c5708df57388 | single |
Black colour code is used in four code system of triage management in disaster for - | -triage consists of rapidly classifying the injured on the basis of severity of their injuries and the likelihood of their survival with prompt medical intervention. - black colour triage is for moribund and dead patients Reference: Park's textbook of preventive and social medicine, 23rd edition, pg no: 796 <\p> | 3 | Ambulatory pateints | Low priority pateints | Dead patients | High priority patients | Social & Preventive Medicine | Hospital waste and disaster management, Occupational health | a6c5e45a-2e37-4b5b-a8f8-fa09e4cc07af | single |
In which of the following conditions Berlin&;s edema is | Blunt trauma to eye may produce Berlin&;s edema or commotio retinae Q which is a cloudy swelling characterized by a grey appaerance, most frequently in the temporal region. It may also manifest as cherry red spot in the foveal region. Ref: AK khurana 7th ed. | 3 | Open angle glaucoma | After cataract surgery | After concussional trauma | Diabetic retinopathy | Ophthalmology | All India exam | 0a7b0ba2-de9b-4682-b696-dfbbbfb7c4a7 | single |
The patient presented with chest pain to the emergency room and dies within 12 hours of arrival. After 5 days, autopsy shows necrosis in the Myocardium. What is the type of necrosis? | Ans-ARef: Chapter I. Ceil injury; page: 15: Robbins and Cot ran Pathologic Basis of Disease: 8th edition).Explanation:Organs with end arterial blood supply will show usually the Coagulative type of necrosis; solid organs like a heart will always show Coagulative necrosis.Caseous necrosis is usually seen in tuberculosis... | 1 | Coagulative | Fibrinoid | Caseous | Liquefactive | Unknown | null | ff3199c9-ac0a-446c-8577-ca24eed6f66a | single |
Commonest cause of Cerebral Infarction is: | Aerial thrombosis | 1 | Aerial thrombosis | Aeritis | Venous thrombosis | Lymphangitis | Pathology | null | a48a478e-5cae-41ac-9fae-c59dd8992b9d | single |
Following is true about bronchial carcinoids - | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Carcinoid syndrome does not manifest Bronchial carcinoid o Most patients < 40 years o Not related to smoking o Most tumors are confined to main stem bronchi and commonly project into lumen. Some tumors penetrate the bronchial wall to fan out in the peri-bronchial tissue producing the collar-button les... | 3 | Highly radiosensitive | Metastasis common | Carcinoid syndrome does not manifest | Commonly arise from terminal bronchioles | Pathology | null | 6251b91a-df05-4109-9254-39c4095bf632 | multi |
One of the following about corynebacterium diphtheriae is wrong - | null | 1 | Gram negative | Ernest babes granules seen | Chinese letter pattern | Prevented by immunisation | Microbiology | null | 2b550fe0-8ae3-4345-ba60-165fb1d7a6d4 | single |
The most common virus causing acute coryza is? | The common cold is the most common illness in humans Rhinovirus ( most commonly), Influenza, Parainfluenza, Coronavirus, Respiratory syncytial virus etc all lead to the common cold. (Ref: Cummings, 6th edition, Pg no. 725 ) | 2 | Arena virus | Rhino virus | RSV | Influenza virus | ENT | Nose and paranasal sinuses | 96eba8b0-923f-485e-8dc7-499a5f2d38ac | single |
Which antiviral drug is used in both HIV an hepatitis B:- | Drugs used in treatment of both HIV and Hepatitis B: * Lamivudine * Emtricitabine * Tenofovir Acyclovir and Abacavir are protease inhibitors used in treatment of HIV. Enfuviritide is a Gp41 inhibitor, it inhibits the fusion of virus with host cell. | 3 | Acyclovir | Abacavir | Emtricitabine | Enfuviide | Pharmacology | Anti-Viral Drugs | 55c2a868-c47c-431e-8207-a91e2dd196c9 | multi |
metaclopromide: | metaclopromide is aD2 receptor antagonist that increases cholinergic activity by inhibiting presynapyic D2 receptors in GIT . it increases LES tone that is also responsible for anti emetic action. it does not significantly increase colonic motility | 4 | inhibit cholinergic smooth.muscle stimulation in the gastrointestinal tract | decrease lower esophageal spinchter pressure | stimulate D2 receptor | enhance colonic activity | Pharmacology | Gastrointestinal tract | 786efe0b-4ef6-4853-b08d-0317cf308c3c | single |
The genetically engineered &;golden rice&; is rich in - | <p> Golden rice: Variety of rice produced through genetic engineering to boisynthesize beta carotene, a precursor of vitamin A. It is indented to produce a foified food to be grown and consumed in areas with a shoage of dietary vitamin A. Golden rice differs from its parenteral strain by the addition of three beta caro... | 3 | b-carotene and magnesium | Folic acid and iron | b-carotene and iron | Folic acid and magnesium | Social & Preventive Medicine | Nutrition and health | 2669c8c2-8014-4ad1-bf32-8fcb5d46dcb6 | multi |
An excess of which of the following hormones may be associated with increased sensitivity to epinephrine? | null | 4 | Testosterone | Parathyroid | Insulin | Thyroid | Pharmacology | null | 23b69462-8363-4e58-aa78-4dec3fbfc0df | single |
A patient with cancer received extreme degree of radiation toxicity. Fuher history revealed that the dose adjustment of a paicular drug was missed during the course of radiotherapy. Which of the following drugs required a dose adjustment in that patient during radiotherapy in order to prevent radiation toxicity - | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Dactinomycin o The patient was most probably taking a radiosensitiser i.e., drugs which increases the toxicity due to radiotherpy. o The dose of these drugs should be decreased during radiotherapy o Among the drugs given in the question Actinomycin D or Dactinomycin is a radiosensitizer o Hypoxic cell... | 2 | Vincristine | Dactinomycin | Cyclophosphamide | 6-Mercaptopurine | Pharmacology | null | 66ef0278-34fb-4c53-900b-4e089e4b08dd | single |
Which of the following drug is not given in acute mania: September 2009 | Ans. B: Lamotrigine Lamotrigine is not recommended for acute mania. It is especially useful in rapidly cycling bipolar depression. | 2 | Lithium | Lamotrigine | Valproate | Olanzapine | Pharmacology | null | d6448fcc-7a36-4a8c-87ca-fafce439f12d | single |
In Addison's disease drug to be given is - | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Hydrocoisone o In Addison's disease, there is chronic insufficiency of adrenal hormones. o Both glucocoicoids and mineralocoicoids are deficient, therefore treatment includes combination of glucocoicoids and mineralocoicoid to replace the adrenal insufficiency. o Hydrocoisone along with fludrocoisone ... | 1 | Hydrocoisone | Betamethasone | Prednisolone | DOCA | Pharmacology | null | 38950c23-1d75-4a8a-99f8-e7a5adf6d5e8 | single |
Which of the following technique is not based on the buccal flaps in the management of oro-antral fistula? | null | 2 | Rehrmann Flap | Ashley Flap | Moczain Flap | Burger Flap | Surgery | null | 97216218-a389-419d-9d45-99325256275a | single |
Which does not has a known animal reservoir | Ans. is. 'b' i. e., Bordettela peussis | 2 | Brucella melitensis | Bordettela peussis | Pasturella multocida | Francisella tularensis | Microbiology | null | 25147197-6764-41bb-8ade-f1bd9a656fb6 | single |
All of the following are the components of the white pulp of spleen, except | The spleen contains two main types of tissue - white pulp and red pulp. White pulp is lymphatic tissue (material which is pa of the immune system) mainly made up of white blood cells. Red pulp is made up of blood-filled cavities (venous sinuses) and splenic cords. <img src=" /> Ref - BDC 6e vol2 pg297 | 4 | Periaeriolar lymphoid sheath | B cells | Antigen presenting cells | Vascular sinus | Anatomy | Abdomen and pelvis | 0f813ac1-1f8a-4786-a51e-5b1b2e3c2475 | multi |
Congenital dislocations | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Scurvy | 1 | Scurvy | Rickets | Polio | Osteomalacia | Pediatrics | null | 46afe3c5-898d-4f5b-9ccf-a357852c3798 | single |
Pulmonary complications of rheumatoid ahritis include the following except | Pleural disease is the most common pulmonary manifestation of RA,may produce pleuritic chest pain,and dyspnea,as well as a pleural friction rub and exudative pleural effusion.Interstitial lung disease,like fibrosing alveolitis,can also occur in patients with RA.Pulmonary function testing shows a restrictive pattern wit... | 2 | Pulmonary nodules | Mesothelioma | Fibrosing alveolitis | pleural effusion | Medicine | Respiratory system | 6f7a66c0-93d8-474f-a645-f8916f0bfa58 | multi |
Mondor's disease is ? | Ans is 'a' i.e., Thrombophlebitis of Superficial veins of Breast Mondor's disease is thrombophlebitis of the superficial veins of anterior chest wall and breast although it has also been seen in the arm. frequently involved veins are lateral thoracic vein, thoracoepigastric vein and superficial epigastric veins. aetiol... | 1 | Thrombophlebitis of the Superficial veins of Breast | Carcinoma of the breast | Premalignant condition of the breast | Filariasis of the breast | Surgery | null | 93b37b3b-f724-4e63-87a6-4141b0854c5f | single |
The enzyme deficient is Lesch-Nyhan syndrome is: | D i.e. HGP | 4 | GT | Glutaminase | Transcarboxylase | HGP | Biochemistry | null | d4ac310c-2289-42ef-a179-33e3ada42818 | single |
Stage- II testicular teratoma is treated by- | • Most common testicular tumor in prepubertal adults: Teratoma
• Tumor is composed of two or more embryonic germ cell layers that may be both mature and immature.
• Tumor is very heterogeneous with both solid and cystic components.
Teratoma is divided into three subsets
1. Mature: well-differentiated ectodermal, mesode... | 1 | Orchidectomy + RPLND | Orchidectomy + Chemotherapy | Orchidectomy | Radiotherapy | Surgery | null | 9bc0a24e-c3fe-43f6-bf9d-1df73d65299e | single |
Niemann-Pick disease is characterized by: | Ans. A. Increased concentration of sphingomyelin in liverNiemann -pick disease is due to the absence of sphingomyelinase enzyme which leads to the accumulation of sphingolipids or sphingomyelin in liver. | 1 | Increased concentration of sphingomyelin in liver | Increased concentration of cerebrosides in liver and spleen. | Increased concentration of plasminogen | Increased accumulation of glycerol in liver | Biochemistry | Lipids | a66f6340-3cb5-492d-b1ed-ae795bc348f3 | single |
A pregnant mother at 32 weeks gestation presents in preterm labour. Therapy with antenatal steroids to induce lung maturity in the fetus may be given in all of the following conditions except : | Ans. Is d i.e. Chorioamnionitis "Coicosteroids can be given even in presence of maternal hypeension or diabetes mellitus, but should preferably be avoided if PROM is associated with definitive evidence of chorioamnionitis" "Steroid treatment is contraindicated in presence of ove infection." ... Fernando Arias 3/e, p 22... | 4 | Prolonged rupture of membranes for more than 24 hours | Pregnancy induced hypeension | Diabetes mellitus | Chorioamnionitis | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null | 96d384af-72f0-4348-982f-e9c77903a4a4 | multi |
Which of the following statements is NOT TRUE about NSAIDs ? | null | 3 | Acetyl salicylic acid is an irreversible inhibitor of COX enzyme. | Acetylsalicylic acid reduces in vivo synthesis of prostaglandins. | Its clearance is independent of plasma concentration | Antiplatelet effect of low dose aspirin is related to pre-systemic COX inhibition | Pharmacology | null | d34a058c-349f-48ba-a62b-5e7ac1dce3d3 | multi |
Tracking of BP implies: | Ans. (d) BP of hypertensive remain hypertensiveRef : K. Park 23rd ed. / 374Park 3rd / P 374 States:If BP of a person is tracked from early childhood to adult life then those individuals whose blood pressure was initially high in the distribution, would probably continue in the same "track". | 4 | BP increase with age | BP decreases with age | BP of normotensive becomes hypertensive | BP of hypertensive remains hypertensive | Social & Preventive Medicine | Non-Communicable Diseases | 87d3bcf9-4c6b-46e0-94bd-fbe4484d2743 | single |
35 year ahas presented with 2 episodes of hematemesis. On examination his pulse rate is 100/min with BP of 90/60 mm Hg. Per abdomen examination shows spleen palpable 3 cm below costal margin. Which is true about this patient? | Hematemesis + splenomegaly- Poal hypeension Elevated CRP + Low C3 (Only with inflammatory condition) Most common site of bleeding in 1st pa of duodenum - Peptic ulcer disease Urgent reflective intubation - bleeding esophageal varices The increased pressure of poal vein pressure should be lowered with octreotide - poal ... | 4 | Elevated CRP and Low C3 | Most common site of bleeding is First pa of duodenum | Urgent Elective intubation of patient | The increased pressure of poal vein pressure should be lowered with octreotide | Medicine | Bleeding from the GUT and diseases of esophagus | fbc5ca20-4355-4187-a24a-405a9d3992d8 | multi |
Supine hypotension is characteristic of : | 3rd trimester | 3 | 1st trimester | 2nd trimester | 3rd trimester | Twin pregnancy | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null | 6d0f5223-e90b-41f7-a877-bd290e07030c | single |
Hydrostatic test is done in ? | Ans. is 'd' i.e., Infanticide Hydrostatic test (lung float test or docimasia), is used in determining whether lungs have undergone respiration. It has been employed in cases of suspected infanticide to help determine whether or not an infant was stillborn.In the test, lungs that float in water are thought to have been ... | 4 | Dry drowning | Wet drowning | Near drowning | Infanticide | Forensic Medicine | null | 69f60982-081e-49d6-ba58-2c062f0e5408 | single |
A 3-year-old child comes with hydrocele of the hernia sac. Management will include: | Ans. a. Herniotomy (Ref: Sabiston 191120-1126; Schwartz 9/1318-1331, Bailey 26/111, 1382; Schackelford 7/568-579)Management of hydrocele of the hernia sac (congenital hydrocele) in a 3 years old child is herniotomy."A patent processus vaginalis may allow only peritoneal fluid to track down around the testis to form a h... | 1 | Herniotomy | Herniorrhaphy | Observation only | Operate after 5 years of age | Surgery | Inguinal Hernias | 734c0c77-967d-4e7a-b587-b8beb04cc55e | single |
Insulin increases the following pathways in liver EXCEPT: | Hormonal regulation
Insulin generally favours all pathways which decrease blood glucose level by dephosphorylating the regulatory enzymes of these pathways
In other words enzymes active under the influence of insulin is active in the dephosphorylated state.
Glucagon generally favor all pathways which increase blood gl... | 4 | Fatty acid synthesis | Glycogen synthesis | Protein synthesis | Glucose synthesis | Biochemistry | null | 660a560e-cf9e-42f8-b54b-84bff7b9188f | multi |
Figure of 8 in chest X-ray ? | Ans. is 'a' Supracardiac TAPVC Teralogy of fallot--* boot shaped hea Transposition of great vessel-* egg on side TPVC (supracardioe) --> snownan or figure of 8 configuration | 1 | Supracardiac TAPVC | Tetralogy of fallot | TGA | None of above | Pediatrics | null | 08333107-0e8f-4170-aa42-361ddbc7174d | multi |
In dacryocystorhinostomy operation the communication of the sac is established with: | Ans. Middle meatus | 1 | Middle meatus | Superior meatus | Inferior meatus | All of the above | Ophthalmology | null | 15dd97cd-038f-4dd7-8c6c-3937dd3bbb6c | multi |
Scrub typhus is transmitted by: March 2011, March 2013 (d, e, g) | Ans. B: Mite Vector for Scrub typhus is trombiculid mite Scrub typhus/Bush typhus It is a form of typhus caused by Orientia tsutsugamushi first isolated and identified in 1930 in Japan Scrub typhus is transmitted by some species of trombiculid mites ("chiggers", paicularly Leptotrombidium deliense), which are found in ... | 2 | Flea | Mite | Tick | Louse | Social & Preventive Medicine | null | ec2f2a58-a335-4a9d-a574-5c20903de980 | single |
Muscles forming floor of pelvis are all except- | Ans. is 'd' i.e., Iliacus * The pelvic floor is formed by the levator ani muscle which consists of three parts.1. Pubococcygeus2. Iliococcygeus3. Ischiococcygeus | 4 | Pubococcygeus | Iliococcygeus | Ischiococcygeus | Iliacus | Anatomy | Abdomen & Pelvis | 2196eb77-c59a-4287-9d87-6e7074512ec7 | multi |
At which level does methionine enter the TCA cycle? | Reference: Lehninger illustrated biochemistry 5th edition | 2 | Acetyl co A | Succinyl co A | Oxaloacetate | Pyruvate | Biochemistry | Metabolism of protein and amino acid | 2417cd3a-696b-4734-9051-ab7bee377eb7 | single |
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