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Which of the following toxin acts by inhibiting protein synthesis? | Shiga toxin also known as verotoxin, was first identified in a major cause of dysentry called Shigella dysentriae. Shiga toxin contains an enzymatic domain and 5 binding domains which bind to globotriaosylceramide (Gb3), a glycosphingolipid on the surface of cells and the complex is internalized. The internalized shiga... | 4 | Cholera toxin | LT of enterotoxigenic E.coli | Peusis toxin | Shiga toxin | Microbiology | null | 46a7c121-014d-4cb4-a1a2-fa21ce769d66 | single |
The phenomenon of cancer cells switching to glycolysis even in the presence of adequate oxygen for oxidative phosphorylation is known as: | Even in the presence of ample oxygen, cancer cells shift their glucose metabolism away from the oxygen hungry, but efficient, mitochondria to glycolysis. This phenomenon, called the Warburg effect and also known as aerobic glycolysis, has been recognized for many years (indeed, Otto Warburg received the Nobel Prize for... | 2 | Tyndall effect | Warburg effect | Hawthorne effect | None of the above | Biochemistry | null | 4cdd7184-db93-47f4-9812-fbe08c253c7f | multi |
All of the following structures are present deep to Pterion except | Structures present deep to Pterion areMiddle meningeal vein and aeryStem of lateral sulcus of brain Reference: Chourasia; 6th edition; 12th page | 4 | Middle meningeal vein | Anterior division of middle meningeal aery | Syln Point | Temporal branch of Facial nerve | Anatomy | Head and neck | c01505e1-0d53-461a-a3c2-ab24d388ee13 | multi |
The appropriate size of LMA for an average adult patient weighing 50 kg is: | Ans. c. 4.0 | 3 | 2.5 | 3 | 4 | 5 | Anaesthesia | null | f673861f-998a-4808-963e-68f8f5b43324 | single |
Incidence of scar rupture in a pregnant lady with previous LSCS is : | 0.20% | 1 | 0.20% | 0.50% | 0.70% | 0.90% | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null | eb967938-a6ea-4906-b74e-d10e0b08b89e | single |
Capsicum seed can be confused with: NEET 14 | Ans. Dhatura | 2 | Strychnine | Dhatura | Ricinus | Opium | Forensic Medicine | null | d2fd8dcc-ada9-4d6a-8dcb-27ed85a307e6 | single |
"Groundglass hepatocytes" are seen in which of the following viral hepatitis? | Ans. b (Hepatitis B) (Ref Robbins 7th/899; TABLE 18-7)Robbins 7th/B99HBV HISTOLOGY# HBV infected hepatocytes may exhibit a cytoplasm packed with spheres and tubules of HBsAg, producing a finely granular eosinophilic cytoplasm (GROUNDGLASS HEPATOCYTES).Key Morphologic Features of Viral HepatitisAcute Hepatitis (Enlarged... | 2 | Hepatitis A | Hepatitis B | Hepatitis C | Hepatitis D | Pathology | Liver & Biliary Tract | 7ec255e8-b782-4207-b83b-73f5412c309f | single |
Tumour arising from Rathke's pouch is | Rathke's pouch develop at the roof of oral cavity from surface ectoderm to form most of pituitary . Posterior pituitary develops from diencephalon. Craniopharyngioma is a tumor that develop in the sella turcica. | 3 | Meningioma | Glioma | Craniopharyngioma | Ependymoma | Anatomy | FMGE 2017 | 7d86d506-ac4d-4d4d-8019-f3ca69582d42 | single |
All are presentation of retinoblastoma except: | C i.e. Cataract | 3 | Leucocoria | Squint | Cataract | Glaucoma | Ophthalmology | null | 7ee022cb-7a63-40d3-8c3d-32402187137a | multi |
During Hysterectomy, Ureter is liable for injury at? | Where it crosses uterine aery REF: Novak's Gynecology chapter 5, chapter 22 "About 75% of all iatrogenic injuries to the ureter result from gynecologic procedures, most commonly abdominal hysterectomy" "Significant aerial bleeding during hysterectomy usually arises from the uterine aeries or the ovarian vessels near th... | 3 | Where it crosses pelvic brim | Where it enters bladder wall. | Where it crosses uterine aery. | None | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null | 21d57ed2-7db5-41ad-9507-02c1b5f733ea | multi |
Intravenous resuscitation is required in a patient with 30% burns. Which of the following will be the best choice of fluid in the first 24 hours? | Most commonly used fluid for resuscitation in burns is ringer lactate. Some centres use human albumin solution or fresh-frozen plasma, and some centres use hypeonic saline. Intravenous resuscitation is indicated for children with a burn greater than 10% TBSA and adults with 15% TBSA. Parkland formula is the most widely... | 3 | Normal saline | Dextrose 5% | Ringer lactate | Whole blood | Surgery | null | 9efaf1cd-69c3-4d88-8809-de119893c58f | single |
Which of the following criteria can be used to determine if a pheochromocytoma lesion is benign or malignant | Ref Robbins 8/e p1159-1161;9/e p1135 Pheochromocytoma and their related counterpas in extra adrenal sites called paraganglioma, are notorious Because the only reliable indicator of metastasis potential is the presence of distant metastasis . Very malignant appearing tumors may not metastasize and benign appearing tumor... | 2 | Blood vessel invasion | Cannot be determined by microscopic examination | Hemorrhagic and necrosis | Nuclear pleomorphism | Anatomy | General anatomy | d9d51e30-8b31-4138-97ad-73fa46c9199d | single |
Non cicatrical alopecia is present in- | C. i.e. Psoriasis | 3 | Scleroderma | Lichen planus | Psoriasis | Parva virus | Skin | null | 5cafd85f-ca1e-43ca-84af-cc03d478e531 | single |
Time dependent Killing is exhibited by all the following drugs except: | * Time dependent killing(TDK) : Here, the killing activity depends upon the length of time, plasma concentration is above MIC. It is shown by:* Beta Lactams.* Vancomycin Concentration dependent killing(CDK) : Here, killing activity depends upon the ratio of plasma concentration to MIC.It is shown by:* Aminoglycosides.*... | 3 | Ceftriaxone | Vancomycin | Gentamicin | Meropenem | Pharmacology | Protein Synthesis Inhibitors | 857f0b90-de63-4fbb-8864-94dea9de31bd | multi |
Prozone phenomenon is due to- | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Excess antibody | 2 | Excess antigen | Excess antibody | Hyperimmune reaction | all | Microbiology | null | 554361c6-a037-426a-a530-136b0009f1c0 | multi |
Cart wheel appearance of Tympanic membrane is seen in which stage of Asom | null | 4 | Stage of Tubal occlusion | Stage of Resolution | Stage of suppuration | Stage of Pre-suppuration | ENT | null | 39534c0b-dc03-4b23-a7e3-f3f5a1695fa8 | single |
Rocky mountain spotted fever Cause and vector are:- | RICKETTSIAL DISEASE CAUSE VECTOR RESERVOIR EPIDEMIC TYPHUS R. prowazekii Louse Man ENDEMIC TYPHUS R. typhi Flea Rodents SCRUB TYPHUS R. tsutsugamushi Trombiculid mite Rodents INDIAN TICK TYPHUS R. conori Tick Rodents RMSF R. ricketisii Tick Rodents R.POX R. akari Mite Rodents Q FEVER Coxiella - Cattle TRENCH FEVER Baon... | 3 | R. Akari and mite | R. Conori and tick | R. Rickettsii and tick | R. Prowazekii and louse | Social & Preventive Medicine | VBDs, Arboviral & Viral Infections, Surface Infections | 31ddf634-052d-4e46-adff-ea8cc2ff6068 | single |
Fluid content of the blood is: | null | 1 | Plasma | Serum | Water | Tissue fluid | Physiology | null | 683d22b2-7075-4df3-afe4-47f5f3dc1bfa | single |
Emergency contraceptives are effective if administered within following period after unprotected intercourse: | Ans. is d, i.e. 120 hoursRef: Shaw 15th/ed, p237; Current Concepts in Contraception and Women Death, pl05, Leon Speroff8th/ed, p1042The standard recommendation is to start emergency contraceptive not later than 72 hours. The greatest protection is offered, if it is taken within 12 hours, as postponing the dose by 12 ho... | 4 | 24 hours | 48 hours | 72 hours | 120 hours | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | Contraceptives | 42d6d9d0-8c2d-4d9d-8883-f85610e59c3f | single |
All of the following are true regarding Temporal arteritis except | (B) Unilateral headache # Giant cell arteritis or Cranial arteritis or Temporal arteritis> Occurs almost exclusively in individuals > 50 years> The disease is characterized by the complex of fever, anemia, high ESR, and headaches in a patient over the age of 50 years.> A well recognized & dreaded complication of giant ... | 2 | Age > 50 years | Unilateral headache | Diagnosed by measuring high ESR | Complicated by ischemic optic neuropathy | Medicine | Miscellaneous | ea09d8bf-a5f0-4bbe-b32d-fbf0df74056a | multi |
Adequate Total per capita water for Urban domestic purposes? | Ans. is 'c' i.e., 150-200 litresThe basic physiological requirements for drinking water have been estimated at about 2 litres per head per day.A daily supply of 150-200 litres per capita is considered as an adequate supply to meet the needs for all urban domestic purposes. | 3 | 50-100 Liters | 100-150 Liters | 150-200 Liters | 200-250 Liters | Social & Preventive Medicine | null | 1d306e41-d04e-45fd-b435-41f6c07fdda1 | single |
An autoimmune disease is – a) Pemphigus vulgarisb) Psoriasisc) Lichen planusd) Acne vulgaris | Autoimmune skin disorders
Autoimmune bullous skin disorders
Pemphigus
Bullous pemphigoid
Dermatitis herpetiformis
Lichen planus
Lichen planus is believed to be an autoimmune disorder as it often occurs concurrently with other autoimmune disorders like primary biliary cirrhosis, diabetes, chronic active hepatitis.
... | 1 | abc | bc | acd | bcd | Dental | null | 47c1fa8d-0ab7-41db-9250-a26de1e35027 | single |
Aerial blood supply to Little's area is from all the following except | Aeries supplying Little's area are: a. Sphenopalatine aery. b. Superior labial aery. c. Anterior ethmoidal aery. d. Septal branches of greater palatine aery. | 4 | Sphenopalatine aery | Anterior ethmoidal aery | Superior labial aery | Posterior ethmoidal aery | Pathology | All India exam | d7efce9a-b450-4047-b4ec-6302066554f5 | multi |
Ligamentum teres is the remnant of | (A) Umbilical vein SOME FREQUENTLY ASKED REMNANTS* Ductus arteriosusLigamentum arteriosum* Ductus venosusLigamentum venosum* Left umbilical veinLigamentum teres of liver* Right umbilical veinDisappears* Vitello-intestinal ductMeckel's diverticulum* Wolffian ductGartner duct> After obliteration, the umbilical vein forms... | 1 | Umbilical vein | Portal vein | Ductus venosus | Umbilical artery | Anatomy | Misc. | a677f0a3-b6b2-42d3-908b-0c1d30c5e1ae | single |
Classification of aoic dissection depends upon | Aoic dissection occurs when blood splays apa the laminarplanes of the media to form a blood-filled channel within theaoic wall.The clinical manifestations of dissection depend primarily on the poion of the aoa affected; the most serious complicationsoccur with dissections involving the proximalaoa and arch.Thus, aoic d... | 2 | Cause of dissection | Level of aoa affected | Percentage of aoa affected | None | Pathology | Cardiovascular system | 8f914948-2833-44af-83b9-5356dc33fc16 | multi |
True about helicobacter pylori are all except - | null | 4 | Urea breath test is diagnostic | Grain negative, flagellate bacilli | Risk factor for development of adenocarcinoma of stomach | It provides life long immunity | Microbiology | null | 05c02e5d-2b0f-47c1-9b0f-ae85c38ee50c | multi |
All are indications for penile angiography except: | Priapism is of two types. A low-flow (ischemic), painful priapism and the other high-flow (non-ischemic), painless priapism.
Penile angiography is not indicated in the painful, low-flow priapism. It is indicated for the high-flow, non-ischemic priapism which is painless.
Priapism
Priapism is defined as prolonged erec... | 1 | Painful priapism | Peyronie's disease | Erectile dysfunction | Arterio-venous malformation | Surgery | null | 86f41989-84fe-4af8-a337-ffb783d44834 | multi |
Most impoant enzyme in DNA replication for chain elongation | Ans. is 'c' i.e.,DNA polymerase III Impoant DNA PolymerasesIn ProkaryotesDNA polymerase I :- Helps in gap filling and synthesis between okazaki fragments of lagging strand, and replaces ribonucleotides of RNA primer by deoxyribonucleotides. It has (i) 3' 5' exonuclease activity, (ii) 5' 3' exonuclease activity and (iii... | 3 | Helicase | DNA polymerase I | DNA polymerase III | Topoisomerase III | Biochemistry | null | 1b987a0b-2fbc-407c-8ade-b8d813117243 | single |
Which of the following is the least common site of pain in a case of rheumatoid ahritis? NOT RELATED- OHO | . | 3 | Cervical | Knee | Low back | Ankle | Pharmacology | All India exam | 92635d7a-5567-4d5c-8a4b-d1825418e6bc | single |
Superficial perineal muscles include- | Muscles in superficial perineal space.
- Ischiocavernosus
- Bulbospongiosus
- Superficial transverse perinei | 3 | Iliococcygeus | Ischiococcygeus | Bulbospongiosus | Levator ani | Anatomy | null | 62eb1fa4-d1dd-438e-aeab-b95f9053c535 | single |
Which anaesthetic modality is to be avoided in sickle cell disease – | null | 3 | General anaesthesia | Brachial plexus block | I.V. Regional Anaesthesia | Spinal | Anaesthesia | null | 48f58d58-7c38-4402-a2f8-432e588223f1 | single |
Commonest cause of ureteric injury during surgical operation is | Surgical trauma during pelvic surgery is the most common cause of ureteric trauma This occurs most often during vaginal or abdominal hysterectomy when the ureter is mistakenly divided, ligated, crushed or excised. Pre-emptive ureteric catheterisation makes it easier to identify the ureters. ( ref : Bailey 27th ed , cha... | 2 | Abdomino-perineal resection | Hysterectomy | Prostectomy | Colectomy | Surgery | Urology | 0f9b3bd0-1cde-4f9f-ae25-453760fa3465 | single |
Misoprostol is an analogue of | Misoprostal: PGE-1 Given transvaginally and orally Dose of 25 micrograms every 4 hrs is found to be more effective than PGE -2 for cervical ripening and labor induction. Oral use of misoprostal is less effective than vaginal administration . Ref: Dutta Obs 9e pg 485. | 1 | PGE1 | PGE2 | PGF2alfa | PGI2 | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | Abnormal labor | f55764f6-a1de-404f-8fc2-296b52fdc15f | single |
The thickness of thin rubber dam is: | null | 3 | 0.002 inch | 0.004 inch | 0.006 inch | 0.2 inch | Dental | null | 28c2d5a3-6cdc-4666-af70-740e64b800a6 | single |
Which of the following is true about seminoma?a) It is radiosensitiveb) It arises only from cryptorchid testisc) AFP is increasedd) It is chemosensitive | Seminomas are both radiosensitive & chemosensitive tumors. | 3 | b | c | ad | ab | Surgery | null | b153349f-0c0c-4cae-863a-33177eb4abdb | multi |
Radical dissection of neck includes all except - | null | 3 | Cervical lymph nodes | Sternocleido mastoid | Phrenic nerves | Internal jugular vein | Surgery | null | 737a208e-0830-46e3-9056-2917b1108b2e | multi |
Not a feature of traumatic optic neuropathy: | Macular edema is not a characteristic feature of traumatic optic neurpathy. Traumatic Optic Neuropathy Loss of vision. Dilatation of pupil. Impaired Pupillary light reflex. Contrast sensitivity is decreased. Central or centrocecal scotoma (though less common, it can be seen in traumatic optic neuropathy) MRI is the inv... | 4 | RAPD | Dilatation of pupil | Centrocecal scotoma | Macular edema | Ophthalmology | Retina | 58e1a7dd-6fc3-4b0c-8195-c67ad3d198d3 | single |
Codex alimentarius is related to - | Food standards are done by CODE ALIMENTARIUS, PFA STANDARDS, THE AGMARK STANDARDS, BUREAU OF INDIA STANDARDS. REF. PARK'S TEXTBOOK OF PREVENTIVE AND SOCIAL MEDICAL 21ST EDITION. PAGE NO - 610) | 4 | Water purity | Milk purity | Air polution | Food stardardization | Social & Preventive Medicine | Nutrition and health | 023569d6-3a3d-41b5-8adb-8e560805adb3 | single |
Sinus not present at birth is - | Development and grwoth of paransal sinuses | 4 | Ethmoid | Maxillary | Sphenoid | Frontal | ENT | null | 52fbc1c4-deb2-48c4-a05f-29dfd62e1ca8 | single |
Tillaux fracture involves: | Tillaux fracture Lower tibial epiphysis injury (anterolateral pa) | 1 | Lower end tibia | Upper end tibia | Lower end femur | Upper end femur | Orthopaedics | Lower Limb Traumatology | 5c17bf5c-dddd-4581-b557-07251975b6fd | single |
EEG rhythm in full awake and ale state? | Ans. is 'b' i.e., BetaBeta wave is seen when the person is fully awake and ale and is thinking with maximum concentration.Therefore it is also called arousal or ale response. | 2 | Alpha | Beta | Theta | Delta | Physiology | null | 90252609-b0bf-4455-9576-b318fe579e69 | single |
Atractiloside act as ? | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Inhibitor of oxidative phosphorylationInhibitors of electron transpo chain?Inhibitors of respiratory chain may be divided into three groups : ?1. Inhibitors of electron transpo chain properThese inhibitors inhibit the flow of electrons through the respiratory chain. This occurs at following sites.Comp... | 2 | Uncoupler | Inhibitor of oxidative phosphorylation | Inhibitor of complex I of ETC | Inhibitor of complex III of ETC | Biochemistry | null | 538885ec-99dd-4e01-8c61-7416435ea194 | single |
Champagne glass pelvis is seen in | (Achandroplasia): (306- Maheshwari 4th edition)Champagne - glass' pelvic cavity found in ACHONDROPLASIA(275-Aids to radiological differential diagnosis chapman)ACHONDROPLASIA(Primary defect of enchondral bone formation, Autosomal dominant (but 80% are spontaneous mutations)SkullPelvis1. Large skull, small base, small s... | 2 | Cretinism | Achandro plasia | Osteomalacia | Rickets | Orthopaedics | Miscellaneous | e5554a36-2285-40cc-8020-554dda2f3b20 | single |
Type A (augmented) adverse drug reactions are characterized by all EXCEPT: | Predictable (Type A or Augmented) reactions - quantitatively responses- includes side effects, toxic effects and consequences of drug withdrawal. They are more common, dose-dependent and mostly preventable and reversible. Ref ; KD Tripathi pharmacology 7 th edition (page no; 82) | 1 | Qualitatively abnormal responses to the drug | Predictable from the drug's known pharmacological or toxicological effects | Generally dose-dependent | Usually common | Pharmacology | General pharmacology | 88fabb45-2feb-447b-8ede-75d43494046a | multi |
A specimen from a lung biopsy reveals occasional plexiform lesions within pulmonary aerioles. This abnormality is most characteristic of | ) Pulmonary vascular sclerosis refers to the vascular changes associated with pulmonary hypeension. Elevation of the mean pulmonary aerial pressure is the result of endothelial dysfunction and vascular changes. The vascular changes vary with the size of the vessel. The main aeries have atheromas that are similar to sys... | 4 | Churg-Strauss syndrome | Adult respiratory distress syndrome | Wegener's granulomatosis | Pulmonary hypeension | Pathology | miscellaneous | a7e9ea72-b4ac-4121-b916-f7e54de42f75 | single |
Incised looking laceration is seen in all, except AFMC 11; NEET 13 | Ans. Chest | 4 | Iliac crest | Zygomatic bone | Shin | Chest | Forensic Medicine | null | 92670377-2898-492a-bd74-8c5f2190e230 | multi |
Large placenta is seen in | Ans. a Twins. (Ref. Dutta, Obstetrics, 4th/pg.221)D/d of Large placenta/hyperplacentosis:# Twin pregnancy# Hydrops fetalis# Diabetes in pregnancy# IUGRHUMAN PLACENTA# It is Discoid, Deciduate and Haemchorial.# It develops from--- foetal (4/5th)--chorionic frondosum and- maternal (l/5th)--decidua basalis.# Its developme... | 1 | Twins | Oligohydramnios | IUGR | Pre-eclamptic toxemia | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | Miscellaneous (Gynae) | 4c49f1f9-24e6-4c2d-93e4-31aa596557f2 | single |
Socially acquired behavior is known as: March 2005, September 2010 | Ans. A: Culture Culture is defined as "learned behaviour which has been socially acquired". It is the central concept around which cultural anthropology has grown. Socialization refers to the process of inheriting norms, customs and ideologies. It may provide the individual with the skills and habits necessary for paic... | 1 | Culture | Socialization | Internalization | Custom | Social & Preventive Medicine | null | d361ab60-b65c-4ff9-8e58-8a85362a2ebb | multi |
Glucose diffusion in RBC by ? | Ans. is 'a' i.e., GLUT 1 | 1 | GLUT I | GLUT 2 | GLUT 3 | GLUT 4 | Physiology | null | a2b33a49-6906-457c-9330-9926e1e5a569 | single |
A 58 year old woman has been diagnosed with locally advanced breast cancer and has been recommended for chemotherapy. She has five years history of myocardial infarction and congestive heart failure. Which antineoplastic drug should be best avoided? | Ans. is 'a' i.e. AnthracyclineRef: Katzung 8th/e 937-938, Harrison 16th/e p 475 (15th/e p 434)Anthracyclines are anticancer antibiotics and they include Doxorubicin (Adriamycin) and Daunorubicin.The major toxicity of anthracyclines is potentially irreversible cumulative dose related toxicity.They may causes arrhythmias... | 1 | Anthracycline | Alkylating agent | Platinum compound | Bisphosphonates | Pharmacology | Anti-Neoplastic Agents | 9815af73-704e-4c5c-a1a9-37e8ed16084c | multi |
A 9-year-old girl child developed a 10 mm area of induration on the left forearm 72 hours after intradermal injection of 0.1 ml of purified protein derivative (PPD). Which of the following is most likely to be seen on the X-ray of this patient? | Most Mycobacterium tuberculosis infections are asymptomatic and subclinical infections. In most healthy people primary tuberculosis is asymptomatic, although it may cause fever and pleural effusion. Generally, the only evidence of infection, if any remains, is a tiny, fibrocalcific pulmonary nodule at the site of the i... | 3 | Marked hilar adenopathy | Upper lobe calcifications | No abnormal findings | Reticulo-nodular densities | Pathology | Pulmonary Tuberculosis and Lung Abscess | dd42d061-4d03-4c68-8f0d-8f384209bb95 | single |
All are seen in hypersplenism except: | Ans. (d) Hypocellular bone marrowRef: Sabiston 19/e p 1553-1554Hypersplenism:* Spleen Enlargement+Decrease in Cell count in more than one cell line (Anemia, thrombocytopenia, leucopenia) is known as hyper splenism* Important feature on Bone marrow study is there will be Hyper plasia and immediate improvement of blood c... | 4 | Anemia | Thrombocytopenia | Splenomegaly | Hypocellular bone marrow | Surgery | Spleen | fa0aad7f-16a8-4459-a7e0-1e451da8c5e3 | multi |
False regarding invlovement in Crohn's disease | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Rectum | 2 | Anorectal area | Rectum | Small intestine with Rt. colon | Large intestine alone without involvement of small intestine | Surgery | null | a6fc3739-fdca-4018-aa63-9d66ed22db10 | multi |
Latanoprost (PGF2 alfa) is used in - | Ans. is 'd' i.e., Glaucoma PG F2 alpha (Latanoprost) is used in glaucoma. | 4 | Maintenance of ductus aeriosus | Pulmonary hypeension | Gastric mucosal protection | Glaucoma | Pharmacology | null | 2018386e-1a58-495e-927f-43c2de258008 | single |
The standard sutureless cataract surgery is done with phacoemulsification and foldable IOL has an incision of – | In phacoemulsification, the nucleus is emulsified using high frequency sound waves and then sucked out of the eye through a small (3.2 mm) incision. | 3 | 1mm–1.5mm | 2mm–2.5min | 3mm–3.5mm | 3.5mm–4.5mm | Ophthalmology | null | be5797c0-922f-4b84-809b-a178e4a8f0aa | single |
Following sign is diagnostic of which condition? | Ans. C. Carcinoma stomacha. Ulcerating carcinoma of the stomach with mass is the most frequent type encountered in North America and Western Europe.b. These carcinomas have been described as irregular, saucer-shaped lesions with ulcerated centers.c. Such a configuration may produce the meniscus or Carman sign, which in... | 3 | Peptic ulcer disease | Strawberry gallbladder | Carcinoma stomach | Patent vitellointestinal duct | Radiology | G.I.T. | a102e59e-6ab6-4620-8193-42395f3928f3 | multi |
Glaukomflecken is – | Epithelial cell necrosis leads to focal opacification of the lens epithelium as glaucomflecken in acute angle-closure glaucoma. | 2 | Acute uvetis due to glaucoma | Lens opacity due to glaucoma | Retinal detachment due to glaucoma | Corneal opacity due to glaucoma | Ophthalmology | null | 466a6eec-9817-4c9d-9492-243d9895e9ad | single |
Elimination after 4 half lives in first order Kinetics is | Ans. is 'b' i.e., 93% Half life Elimination 1t%2 50% 2t'/2 75% 3 0/2 87.5% 41 93.75% 5 t'/ 96.875 | 2 | 84% | 93% | 80.50% | 4.75% | Pharmacology | null | 5b06347e-0194-4f80-9b78-9aa2c1ff7927 | single |
Hyperventilation in high altitude is due to | Hyperventilation in high altitude is due to respiratory alkalosis Ref: guyton and hall textbook of medical physiology 12 edition page number:375,376,377 | 1 | Respiratory alkalosis | Respiratory acidosis | Hypercapnea | Decreased concentration of bicarbonate | Physiology | Respiratory system | 6316b949-883e-429c-a197-f2dfffac989c | single |
The following regarding colostomy are true except : | • Bailey says “Double-barrelled colostomy was designed so that it could be closed by crushing the intervening ‘spur’ using an enterotome or a stapling device. It is rarely used now, but occasionally the colon is divided so that both ends can be brought to the surface separately, ensuring that the distal segment is comp... | 4 | A colostomy is an artificial opening made in large Bowel to divert the faeces to the exterior | Temporary colostomy is established to defunction an anastomosi | Permanent colostomy is formed after the resection of Rectum by the abdominoperinea technique | Double barreled colostomy is commonly done nowadays | Surgery | null | c1b5ea36-e9f5-4bda-8eff-8585fcee7ce2 | multi |
The first step in public health procedure is- | * The steps in public health procedure are as follows- 1) Survey. 2) Situation analysis. 3) Programme planning. 4) Programme operation. 5) Financing. 6) Programme appraisal. | 3 | Analysis of programme | Planning of programme | Situation analysis | Appraisal of programme | Surgery | null | addb8cf1-0889-4834-86f6-c36eca89aa34 | multi |
A young patient is diagnosed to have choriocarcinoma the treatment of choice is : | Chemotherapy | 2 | Hysterectomy | Chemotherapy | Chemotherapy followed by hysterectomy | Hysterectomy followed by chemotherapy | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null | 3c1e27b5-6f86-4203-a93b-51ec27e6b8c8 | single |
In a family, the father has widely spaced eyes, increased facial hair and deafness. One of the three children has deafness with similar facial features. The mother is normal. Which one of the following is least likely pattern of inheritance in this case- | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Autosomal dominant (most likely) o It is typical presentation of waardeburg syndrome type - 1. --> Widely spaced eyes, Hearing loss, Increased facial hair o It is an autosomal dominant disorder. o In autosomal disorder, if one parent is affected and the other is normal, 25% of children (1 out of 4) wi... | 1 | Autosomal dominant | Autosomal recessive | X-linked dominant | X-linked recessive | Pediatrics | null | 22f7e828-a48f-4e6a-a009-fe0e6a4057b7 | single |
Chvostek sign is? | 1. Chvostek sign - seen in hypocalcemia - Twitching of Circumoral Muscle on tapping of Facial Nerve 2. Inability to open eye on tapping of facial nerve - L.P.S 3rd nerve | 1 | Twitching of circumoral muscles on tapping of facial nerve | Involuntary blink on tapping on facial nerve | Inability to open eye on tapping of facial nerve | Inability to close eye on tapping of facial nerve | Medicine | Electrolyte Imbalance | 13b5a0d4-10b0-4ce2-82f0-ca86b13e79df | single |
Coho study is a type of - | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Analytic study Coho study o Coho study is a type of analytic observational study (like case control study). o Coho study proceeds forward from cause to effect, i.e., disease has not occured in subjects (In contrast to case-control study which proceeds backward from effect to cause). | 2 | Clinical trial | Analytic study | Descriptive study | Experimental study | Social & Preventive Medicine | null | 6da9b62e-a507-43f6-8cca-138b8a8dea1d | single |
Lambda - Panda sign is typically seen in- | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Sarcoidosis o Lambda sign and Panda sign on Gallium scan are typically described for sarcoidosis.o Active pulmonary and/or mediastinal sarcoidosis is gallium avid and a positive gallium scan can support the diagnosis of sarcoidosis. Typical patterns of uptake have been described as 'panda' and 'lambda... | 1 | Sarcoidosis | Tuberculosis | Histoplasmosis | Leishmaniasis | Medicine | Interstitial Lung Disease | afc1f5e9-e485-4037-9844-1420226cfd3f | multi |
COWS is related to ? | Ans. is'b'i.e., Caloric testln bithermal caloric< test rCold water provokes nystagmus towards the opposite ear, while wann wotet grovolecs nystagmus towards sarne ear (COWS:- Cold - opposite, Warm - same). | 2 | Romberg test | Caloric test | Fistula test | Hallpike positional test | ENT | null | 5e7c95c9-3327-43cb-9d31-027c90bf3c4f | multi |
Pulmonary fibrosis is seen with : | Bleomycin is a marrow sparing drug but it causes pulmonary fibrosis and skin toxicity as adverse effects. Another anticancer drug causing pulmonary fibrosis is busulfan. | 1 | Bleomycin | Cisplatin | Methotrexate | Actinomycin D | Pharmacology | null | 46de4a8d-7024-4a47-8fa9-72ef146a3f1f | single |
Phocomelia is- | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Absent long bones 'Phacomelia' o Is a term applied to a marked reduction in the size of limbs The distal pa of the limbs are placed very near the trunk (absent long bones). o Seen in foetuses of mothers who recieved thalidomide during pregnancy. | 1 | Absence of long bones | Absence of brain | Reduplication of bones | Absence of hea | Pediatrics | null | 4ac2b77f-98ea-4f6e-90c4-4eb67af403b4 | single |
Cutaneous vasoconstriction is mediated by | Sympathetic noradrenergic division constricts the blood vessels of the skin(which limits bleeding from wounds). Ref: Ganong&;s review of medical physiology; 23rd edition; pg: 268. | 1 | Sympathetic adrenergic nerves | Sympathetic cholinergic nerves | Parasympathetic cholinergics | Somatic nerves | Physiology | Nervous system | bc773b1e-d4ae-4158-b46b-f6ff607365de | single |
Which is an indicator of severe Ulcerative colitis? | (A) Blood in lumen on sigmoidoscopy # Severe Ulcerative collitis: Bowel movements >6 per day, Severe Blood in stool, Severe Fever 37.5C mean.Tachycardia >90 mean pulse, Anemia <75%, Sedimentation rate >30 mm, Endoscopic appearance Spontaneous bleeding, ulcerations.> Sigmoidoscopy is used to assess disease activity and ... | 1 | Blood in lumen on sigmoidoscopy | Stool volume >1 It | Serum albumin <40 | Abdominal discomfort | Medicine | Miscellaneous | ae4182f7-b9b6-4546-9c59-fe432b9d8af7 | single |
Dilator pupillae is supplied by - | Dilator pupillae muscle is suppliedby the postganglionic fibers arising from the cervical sympathetic chain. ... Oculomotor nerve supplies the skeletal as well as the smooth muscles of the eyeball. It carries the pre-ganglionic fibers from the Edinger-Westphal to supply two smooth muscles in the eyeball Ref AK khurana ... | 2 | Post-ganglionic parasympathetic fibers from Edinger Westphal nucleus | Post-ganglionic sympathetic fibers from cervical sympathetic chain | IIIrd nerve | Sympathetic fibers from fronto-orbital branch of V nerve | Ophthalmology | Ocular motility and squint | 7d171def-9ed8-4944-8998-0b7d5325eebf | single |
Non-depolarizing blockade is potentiated by: | Neuromuscular-blocking drugs block neuromuscular transmission at the neuromuscular junction, causing paralysis of the affected skeletal muscles. This is accomplished either by acting presynaptically the inhibition of acetylcholine (ACh) synthesis or release or by acting postsynaptically at the acetylcholine receptors o... | 4 | Hyperkalemia | Hypomagnesemia | Chronic Phenytoin therapy | Quininidine | Pharmacology | Anesthesia | 60664f63-49fd-46ba-ba3e-de2cb0dec620 | single |
Refrigerated blood stored up to 48 hours before transfusion can destroy which of the following | Treponema pallidum is killed in 1 to 3 days at 0-4degrees centigrade, so transfusion syphilis can be prevented by storing blood in the refrigerator before transfusion Stored frozen at -70deg C in 10% glycerol, or in liquid nitrogen (-130 deg C), it remains ble for 10-15 years. Ref: Textbook of microbiology; Ananthanara... | 3 | HIV | Hepatitis B | Treponema pallidum | Plasmodium vivax | Microbiology | Bacteriology | db6cad35-660d-4deb-80fa-d16df9b9f3e4 | multi |
A 30-yebar old patient presented with features of acute meningoencephalitis in the casualty. His CSF on wet mount microscopy revealed motile unicellular microorganisms. The most likely organism is - | Naegleria fowleri, the only pathogenic species of naegleria Human infection comes from water containing the amoebae and usually follows swimming or diving in ponds. Patients are mostly previously healthy young adults or children. The amoebae invade the nasal mucosa, pass through the olfactory nerve branches in the crib... | 1 | Naegleria fowleri | Acanthamoeba castellani | Entamoeba hystolytica | Trypanosoma cruzi | Microbiology | parasitology | 5e76f6b5-6a5d-478e-9394-7556e3985b93 | single |
All of the following methods are used for the diagnosis of HIV infection in a 2 months old child, except: | HIV ELISA is required for detection of antibodies against the virus. The antibodies may be present in the infant because of maternal infection also because IgG antibodies can cross the placental barrier. So, this test is not reliable for diagnosis of HIV in a 2 month old child. HIV culture method is called as 'peripher... | 3 | HIV-1 PCR | Viral culture | HIV ELISA | p24 antigen assay | Pathology | Immunodeficiency Disorders | 44e81922-0b11-4350-ae6a-81f87440161c | multi |
Artery of hindgut is | null | 3 | Coeliac trunk | Superior mesenteric | Inferior mesenteric | None | Anatomy | null | e5d7dfbb-c2b1-4a3b-9826-5493a2704935 | multi |
Usual sign of opioid withdrawal: PGI 13 | Ans. Yawning | 4 | Stupor | Constipation | Constricted pupil | Yawning | Forensic Medicine | null | 4e48e4e6-7393-487a-afbe-221b6e7a013a | single |
Congenital toxoplasmosis, all are true, except | Congenital toxoplasmosis is a disease that occurs in fetuses infected with Toxoplasma gondii, a protozoan parasite, which is transmitted from mother to fetus.
It can cause miscarriage or stillbirth.
It can also cause serious and progressive visual, hearing, motor, cognitive, and other problems in a child.
Most infec... | 4 | Occurs in primarily infected mother during pregnancy | As gestational age increase, risk of transmission to fetus increases | Infant is usually asymptomatic, if infection is transmitted in 3rd trimester. | None of the above | Microbiology | null | 015a44de-cdf2-465f-9cd2-c26ab13b85c7 | multi |
The reagent used in Apt test is | Alkali denaturation test (Apt-Downey test / apt test)Used to detect differentiate Fetal or neonatal blood from maternal blood (Qualitative).PrincipleMethodFetal hemoglobin (alpha 2 gamma 2 subunits) is resistant to alkali (basic) denaturation, whereas adult hemoglobin (alpha2 beta 2 subunits) is susceptible to such den... | 3 | Sodium bicarbonate | KCL | Sodium hydroxide | Sodium chloride | Pathology | All India exam | e2d63e36-5dee-479e-aee8-967e5e9cd04e | single |
Hanging drop method is used for- | null | 1 | Trichomonas | Plasmodium | Toxoplasma | Cryptosporidium | Microbiology | null | 81637a16-b0bb-41cd-90cf-de56f301b6d2 | single |
Predict the effect of aldosterone hypersecretion on body fluid pH and electrolytes ? | Aldosterone increases the rate of sodium absorption and potassium secretion by the kidneys, but in high concentrations aldosterone also stimulates hydrogen ion secretion. Therefore elevated aldosterone levels such as occur in patients with Cushing's syndrome can elevate body fluid pH above normal (alkalosis). The major... | 2 | pH decreased, K+ decreased, Na+ increased | pH increased, K+ decreased, Na+ increased | pH decreased, K+ increased, Na+ decreased | pH increased, K+ increased, Na+ decreased | Physiology | null | 70b8ed66-1d24-4156-8285-19e19f9181b6 | single |
Isovolumetric relaxation preceeds: | Ventricular ejection | 1 | Ventricular ejection | Ventricular relaxation | Atrial contraction | Atrial relaxation | Physiology | null | 98e836b0-8e07-4ef2-9cad-9bd55ba72dcc | single |
Saw tooth appearance in abdominal barium enema X ray is seen in | Diveicula These are abnormal outpouchings or sacs of colon wall that occur due to interactions of high intraluminal pressures, disordered motility and low diet in fiber Formed on mesenteric side of antimesenteric taenia coli Results in protrusion of mucosa and submucosa through layers of muscle It is Pseudodiveiculum o... | 3 | Multiple polyposis | Ischemic colitis | Diveiculosis | Ulcerative colitis | Surgery | GIT | 759faf15-dbbf-40ab-ad95-63b62e01e51b | single |
Receptor responsible for malignant hyperthermia is? | ANSWER: (B) Ryanodine receptorREF: Morgan 3ra e p. 869This condition is known by a number of names, including malignant hyperthermia (MH), malignant hyperthermia syndrome (MHS), and malignant hyperpyrexia.Signs and symptoms:The typical symptoms of malignant hyperthermia are due to a hyper catabolic state, which present... | 2 | Nicotinic receptor | Ryanodine receptor | Muscarinic receptor | None | Anaesthesia | Depolarising Neuromuscular Blocking Agents | 5e09e199-853c-45bb-a3ba-77983861b628 | multi |
Hinge axis face bow records: | Kinematic facebow or Hinge axis facebow
A facebow with adjustable caliper ends used to locate the transverse horizontal axis of the mandible (GPT8)
It locates the true (exact) centre of condylar rotation or transverse horizontal axis.
It is preferred in full mouth reconstructions.
Hinge axis face-bow records—relations... | 3 | Relationship of the mandible to the maxilla | Relationship of the mandible to the cranium | Relationship of teeth to the axis of the relation of the jaw | All of the above | Dental | null | b37bde23-8f8c-4286-b344-fde21a0ee1a9 | multi |
During a routine checkup, a 50-year-old man is found to have blood in his urine. He is otherwise in excellent health. An abdominal CT scan reveals a 2-cm right renal mass. You inform the patient that staging of this tumor is key to selecting treatment and evaluating prognosis. Which of the following is the most importa... | The choice of surgical approach or treatment modalities is influenced more by the stage of a cancer than by its cytologic grade. The significant criteria used for staging vary with different organs. Commonly used criteria include (1) tumor size, (2) extent of local growth, (3) presence of lymph node metastases, and (4)... | 2 | Histologic grade of the tumor | Metastases to regional lymph nodes | Proliferative capacity of the tumor cells | Somatic mutations in the p53 tumor suppressor gene | Pathology | Neoplasia | b56c1677-06ff-4d74-be3c-8d0bf0aa99cc | single |
Part of colon with no mesentery- | Ans. C. Ascending colona. The large intestine develops as a fully mesenteric organ. However, after the rotation of the gut tube in utero, large portions of it come to lie adherent to the retroperitoneum, which means that some parts of the colon are fixed within the retroperitoneum, and other parts are suspended by a me... | 3 | Transverse colon | Sigmoid colon | Ascending colon | Rectum | Anatomy | Large Intestine, Rectum, and Anal canal | 1e01454d-7a6c-4a71-b512-ea1430893e33 | single |
Among patients with polymyositis, which one of the following auto-antibodies is associated with an increased risk of interstitial lung disease? | Myositis Specific Antibodies Anti Jo-1 and anti synthetase antibodies Polymyositis and dermatomyositis with Interstitial lung disease, ahritis, mechanic's hands Anti-Mi-2 Dermatomyositis with rash Anti MDAS Dermatomyositis with rapidly progressive lung disease Anti-10 Juvenile dermatomyositis Anti-Signal recognition pa... | 4 | Anti-CCP antibody | Anti ds DNA antibody | Anti cardiolipin antibody | Anti-Jo-1 antibody | Medicine | Systemic Lupus Erythematous | 3c2a012d-4eca-4eb9-b6cd-ac6318b6341f | single |
One gm of Hb liberates _______ mg of billurubin . | Approximately 35mg of bilirubin is formed from 1g of Hb. About 6g of Hb is broken down per day. A total of 300mg of bilirubin is formed everyday; of which 80% is from destruction of old RBCs, 10% from ineffective erythropoiesis and the rest 10% from degradation of myoglobin and other heme containing proteins. Reference... | 2 | 40 | 34 | 15 | 55 | Pediatrics | New born infants | b14abbfd-bb86-4729-ad6e-a16fa82d779b | single |
A 60-year-old man with no significant past medical history is scheduled for elective cholecystectomy. He has been taking aspirin daily. Preoperative recommendations should include which of the following? | Discontinuation of aspirin at least 1 week before surgery. Aspirin inactivates platelet cyclo-oxygenase and thus inhibits platelet aggregation. The effect of aspirin is irreversible and lasts for the entire life span of the platelets. Therefore, aspirin should be discontinued for at least 1 week before surgery. | 4 | Determination of prothrombin time (PT) | Estimation of platelet count | Discontinuation of aspirin 2 days before surgery | Discontinuation of aspirin at least 1 week before surgery | Surgery | Miscellaneous | f43dd649-4003-4a55-8023-18cad890d2cc | single |
Missing cases are detected by? | ANSWER: (C) Sentinel surveillanceREF: Park 20th edition page 38The word surveillance is the French word for "watching over"Sentinel surveillance is useful for answering specific epidemiologic questions because sentinel sites may not represent the general population or the general incidence of disease, they may have lim... | 3 | Active surveillance | Passive surveillance | Sentinel surveillance | Monitoring | Social & Preventive Medicine | Concept of Control | bc3c3aa6-96ee-477a-bea1-724ee0b906b1 | single |
Malignant transformation is commonly seen in: | Ans. (b) Gastric ulcer* Malignant transformation is very rarely seen in gastric ulcer (<1%) - Not so common.* Giant gastric ulcer (>2cm) is associated with cancer in 6-15% cases* Of the above choices we can opt for choice B' only - but it is not so common. | 2 | Stomal ulcer | Gastric ulcer | Chronic duodenal ulcer | Postbulbar ulcer | Surgery | Stomach & Duodenum | 7d193ac0-bb73-471b-bbb6-396fed67713f | single |
Eye lens dislocation seen in –a) Marfan\'s syndromeb) Homocystinuriac) Down\'s syndromed) Klinefelter syndrome | Marfan syndrome and homocystinuria can cause dislocation of lens. | 3 | ac | a | ab | bc | Ophthalmology | null | 6093968d-c9c6-4bb8-aad8-75bc7b681412 | single |
'First order 'symptoms of schizophrenias' schizopremia include all except: | There are 11 first rank symptoms first three are related to thoughts - thought inseion , withdrawal & broadcasting next three are related to hallucinations -1St person ,2ND person & 3RD person next three are made phenomena remember MADE VOLITION, MADE IMPULSE, MADE AFFECT (mood) Last two are Somatic passivity & Delusio... | 1 | Depersonilization | Running commentary of ones thoughts | Primary delusion | Somatic passivity | Surgery | null | a4d8b2ba-9d27-4da2-a762-83c272b10478 | multi |
Micro nodular cirrhosis is commonly seen in all except, | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Chronic hepatitis B Cirrhosis of the liver is a pathological entity which clinically represents the end stage of chronic liver disease.It is characterized by three features.Bridging fibrous septa Q in the form of delicate bands or broad scars linking portal tracts with one another and portal tracts wi... | 1 | Chronic hepatitis B | Alcoholic liver disease | Hemochromatosis | Chronic extra hepatic biliary obstruction | Medicine | Cirrhosis and Alcoholic Liver Disease | 3f396395-5c60-48c7-8404-c738c49cf46d | multi |
Most common cause of hypercalcemic crisis is : | A hypercalcaemiccrisisis an emergency situation with a severehypercalcaemia, generally above approximately 14 mg/dL (or 3.5 mmol/l)The most common cause is hypercalcemia of malignancy, although granulomatous diseases, previously undetected primary hyperparathyroidism, medication-induced hypercalcemia, and a few rarer c... | 3 | Parathyroid adenoma | Parathyroid hyperplasia | Malignancy | Paget's disease | Surgery | Parathyroid and adrenal glands | fe6c28d2-8fef-4a90-a8d2-2b97370f156f | single |
Scarring loss of hair is seen in | Conditions causing scarring alopecia Causes of non-cicatricial alopecia (non-scarring) Traumatic causes of scarring alopecia may be due to: Injury Surgery Radiation Traction (tight curls) Central centrifugal cicatricial alopecia Infections causing scarring alopecia include: Bacterial infection: boils and abscesses (Sta... | 1 | Discoid lupus erythematosus | Atopic dermatitis | Alopecia areata | Systemic lupus erythematosus | Dental | Autoimmune skin disorders | 58c3d6b9-d756-4140-ae3b-4731168ef147 | single |
60 year old asymptomatic female shows following change in tunica media of blood vessels. Diagnosis? | Ans. (a) Medial calcificationMedial artery calcification (MAC) is also known as Monckeberg's arteriosclerosis, is a nonobstructive condition leading to reduced arterial compliance that is commonly considered as a nonsignificant finding.With the H&E stain, calcium appear deep blue-purple. | 1 | Medial calcification | Medial fibrosis | Amyloidosis | None | Pathology | Cellular Pathology | ad129b65-5e44-44d4-9495-8809bd9efa03 | multi |
The results of the pulmonary functions tests shown below, the best diagnosis is -ParametersActualPredictedFE VI (L)1[?]23[?]5-4[?]3FVC(L)4[?]14[?]6-5[?]4FEVL'FVC (%)2972-80PEF (L/min)80440-540DLCO120%100% | Ans. is 'a' i.e. Asthma o .All expiratory parameters are reduced in the data given with timed vital capacity of 29%.o FEV1/FVC is reduced in obstructive airway disease with lowering of peak expiratory flow rates. Due to air trapping in asthma the DLco may be normal or increased. | 1 | Asthma | Asbestosis | ARDS | Silicosis | Medicine | Asthma | 9285a130-99e1-4c2b-8e97-984eb4427877 | single |
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