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Retinoblastoma best evaluated by - | Ans. is 'c' i.e., CT SCAN + MRI Imaging in Retinoblastomao MRI - best for challenging retinoblastoma patient evaluation; also used to rule out optic nerve and intracranial invovlemento CT SCAN - detects calcification, can also be used for initial evaluation.o MRI + CT SCAN - best for trilateral, tetralateral, recurrent... | 3 | Ultrasonography | CT SCAN | CT SCAN + MRI | MRI | Radiology | Ultrasonography, CT, and MRI | af41e1b3-302d-46d6-8a5a-78daef2cf5c0 | single |
Loss of an anatomical structure or a physiological function is called: | Ans: b (Impairment) Ref: Park, 19th ed, p. 39,40Impairment- is defined as any loss or abnormality of psychological, physiological, or anatomical structure or function.e.g., loss of foot, defective vision, or mental retardation.Disability- is defined as any restriction or lack of ability to perform an activity in the ma... | 2 | Disability | Impairment | Handicap | Paralysis | Social & Preventive Medicine | Concept of Health and Disease | 6fd5a56d-28e1-4720-a5a2-b384c31f0644 | multi |
Transcription is inhibited by | Clindamycin -D antibiotics from StreptomycesMode of action is by inseion of phenoxa-zone ring between two G-C bp of DNA USed as anti-cancer drugRef: DM Vasudevan, 7th edition, page no: 593 table 45.2 | 1 | Actinomycin D | Amanitin | Chloramphenicol | Streptomycin | Biochemistry | Metabolism of nucleic acids | 6e06ea6e-b963-4f73-a1b2-4b1b716f847a | single |
A wave in ERG is due to activity of- | Ans. is 'b' i.e.. Rods and cones Electroretinogramo The changes induced by the stimulation of light in the resting potential of the eye are measured by electroretinography. It is extinguished or absent in complete failure of function of rods and cones, e.g. pigmentary retinal dystrophy, complete occlution of retinal ar... | 2 | Pigmented epithelium | Rods and cones | Ganglion cell | Bipolar cell | Ophthalmology | Techniques of Ocular Examination and Diagnostic Tests | a400d365-6ada-45c8-a8cb-695be84522a7 | single |
Which of the following mechanisms is not responsible for complications in DM | The things responsible for chronic complications of DM are 1)Formation of Advanced glucation end products 2) Activation of Protein Kinase C 3)Oxidative stress and disturbance in Polyol pathways . Possible complications include: Cardiovascular disease. ... Nerve damage (neuropathy). ... Kidney damage (nephropathy). ... ... | 4 | Non enzymatic glycosylation | Protein Kinase C activation | Disturbance in polyol pathway | Chronic inflammation | Pathology | Endocrinology | e6f2c9b3-955d-485d-9780-ed918cbb4239 | single |
Hemolysis is seen in all except: | Other than these, hemolysis is also seen in hemolytic jaundice. | 1 | Haemophilia. | Thalassemia. | Sickle cell anemia. | Methotrexate therapy. | Physiology | null | 25507155-30c8-4ded-bbcd-301eed6c8789 | multi |
A full course of immunization against, Tetanus with 3 doses of Tetanus toxoid, confers immunity for how many years - | <p> 5 years TT given as a primary course of immunisation of two doses at interval of 1-2 month.then a booster after 1 year. The opinion was expressed that no more than one additional. Booster dose given 5 year after the third dose is required in adult in developing countries. Reference:Park&;s textbook of preventive an... | 1 | 5 | 10 | 15 | 20 | Social & Preventive Medicine | Communicable diseases | b29a2276-4d5e-4d35-b1de-e9a1cf60736f | single |
Overgrowth of the bile duct in a localized region is | The term hamaoma refers to an excessive, focal overgrowth of cells and tissues native to the organ in which it occurs. Although the cellular elements are mature and identical to those found in the remainder of the organ, they do not reproduce the normal architecture of the surrounding tissue. Von Meyenburg complexes ar... | 1 | Hamaoma | Choristoma | Polyp | Malignant tumor | Pathology | G.I.T | 7806b970-b729-45ee-93d2-397d23f410e4 | single |
Which is the most common complication in Monoamniotic twins? | Ans. D. Intertwining. (Ref. Williams Obstetrics 22nd ed. ch. 39. Multifetal Gestation; Fig. 39-16).TypeUNIQUE COMPLICATIONSMONOAMNIONIC TWINSApproximately 1 percent of monozygotic twins are monoamnionic.A high fetal death rate is associated with this rare variety of monozygotic twinning.Intertwining of their umbilical ... | 4 | Discordance | Cord entanglement | Conjoined twins | Intertwining | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | Miscellaneous (Gynae) | d0fca57d-d316-4112-83db-49962ecccc4b | single |
All have chances of DVT except - | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Young <25 yrs. Risk factors for DVT -o Advanced Age# Major abdominal.''orthopedic surgery/major trauma# Prolonged immobilisation (>3 days)# HRT and OCP use# Pregnancy and puerperium# Malignancy# Obesity/Diabetes/CHF/Shock# Nephrotic syndrome# Varicose veins# Antiphospholipid antibody syndrome# Myelopr... | 2 | Hip fracture & resting | Young < 25yrs age | Decreased protein C & S | Factor V defect | Unknown | null | a44dd2df-8836-4fb1-9ec2-97e74c8e8f33 | multi |
A 5-year-old boy is brought in by his mother because of petechial bleeding and bruises on his torso and limbs. The child doesn't have any other signs or symptoms and doesn't appear to be ill. Mother reports gastrointestinal infection several weeks prior to petechiae and bruising. CBC shows thrombocytopenia (<20xl09/L).... | Answer: a) Complete resolution is expectedDiagnosis appears to be UP. It usually follows viral infections in children aged 2 to 5 years and is of autoimmune origin. It is self-limiting in most cases and resolves completely in 6 weeks to 6 months in 80% of children.IMMUNE THROMBOCYTOPENIC PURPURA (ITP)CHRONIC ITP* More ... | 1 | Complete resolution is expected | Survival rate is up to 70% depending on risk stratification | Lifelong disease dependent on factor VIII substitution | Lifelong disease dependent on factor IX substitution | Pathology | Blood | baf85b5b-580b-4b5a-89b7-e6352413dd60 | multi |
Non competitive inhibition is | Features of noncompetitive inhibition
Inhibitor have no structural resemblance to substrate.
Mostly Irreversible (Except a few reversible non-competitive inhibition).
Excess substrate do not abolish the inhibition.
Km remains the same.
Vmax remains the same.
Features of competitive inhibition
Inhibitor will be struc... | 3 | Reversible | Irreversible | Any of the above | None of the above | Biochemistry | null | ff891aa6-bfb4-4831-8311-3c6a6e0cc2d5 | multi |
The earliest manifestations of Chronic lead poisoning include: | C i.e. Punctate basophilia | 3 | Colic and Constipation | Encephalopathy | Punctate basophilia | Lower limb paralysis | Forensic Medicine | null | c735f345-e8f6-4cfd-9a51-f66c3954a9b2 | single |
Percentage of sucrose solution used for newborn analgesia is: | Analgesia in newborn
A. Analgesia for minimally-invasive
Sucrose analgesia is drug of choice | 3 | 5% | 10% | 24% | 50% | Unknown | null | f15d3fea-55ff-4db1-9961-cdd0f476500a | single |
Which of the following drugs are useful for long term treatment of congestive hea failure | Dobutamine (Ref: KDT 6/e p507) Dobutamine is indicated only for the acute treatment of decompensated CHF. Cardiac glycosides (digoxin) can be used for acute treatment as well as maintenance therapy of CHF. ACE inhibitors and spironolactone are indicated only for chronic CHF. | 3 | Digoxin | Ramipril | Dobutamine | Spironolactone | Anatomy | Other topics and Adverse effects | a1c23f84-0185-4d56-b16f-05785a4b1215 | single |
Which of the following drug possess similar cycloplegic action and is more potent mydriatic than atropine is: | It's duration of action is also long but less than the atropine. | 1 | Hyoscine. | Tropicamide. | Homatropine. | All of the above. | Pharmacology | null | eaa7b4f1-92a3-4441-b24e-ac195daf4185 | multi |
Which of the following vitamin deficiency is found in patients with gastric cancer ? | Gastric cancers can grow to an extent to cause damage to cells producing intrinsic factors and hence vitamin B12 deficiency. Vitamin B12 deficiency may also occur in post gastrectomy patients of gastric carcinoma, autoimmune pernicious anemia predisposing to gastric cancer and atrophic gastritis. | 2 | Vitamin C | Vitamin B 12 | Vitamin A | Vitamin D | Medicine | null | d08d3bf0-d69f-4931-ae89-ae21938c5429 | single |
A 25-year-old woman complains of persistent bleeding for 5 days after a dental extraction. She has noticed easy bruisability since childhood and was given a blood transfusion at age 17 because of prolonged bleeding after an apparently minor cut. She denies ecchymoses or bleeding into joints. Her father has noticed simi... | This woman's lifelong history of excessive bleeding suggests an inherited bleeding problem, as does the positive family history. The prolonged PTT indicates a deficiency of factors VIII, IX, XI, or XII, but the commonest of these deficiencies (classic hemophilia A and Christmas disease, or hemophilia B) are vanishingly... | 3 | Factor VIII concentrate | Fresh frozen plasma | Desmopressin (DDAVP) | Whole blood transfusion | Medicine | Oncology | 3b6e62a4-8100-433a-9f62-d95802c0729b | multi |
In Niacin deficiency, all of the following are seen except - | - niacin is essential for the metabolism of carbohydrate, fat and protein. It is also essential for the normal functioning of skin , intestinal and nervous system. - niacin deficiency results in pellagra. The disease is characterized by diarrhea, dermatitis and dementia. Reference: Park's textbook of preventive and soc... | 1 | Deafness | Diarrhea | Dementia | Dermatitis | Social & Preventive Medicine | Nutrition and health | 69502b1e-c39c-48db-b564-5dc182d64ffb | multi |
Duration of adolescent stage in boys is | null | 4 | 3 years | 3-5 years | 4 years | 5 years | Dental | null | 3849cc1d-be7b-4b85-870e-cc171bb963e6 | single |
In acute inflammation, contraction of endothelial cells results in the following: | Endothelial cell contraction leading to intercellular gaps in postcapillary venules is the most common cause of increased vascular permeability. Endothelial cell contraction occurs rapidly after binding of histamine, bradykinin, leukotrienes, and many other mediators to specific receptors, and is usually sho lived (15-... | 2 | Delayed transient increase in permeability | Early transient increase in permeability | Delayed permanent increase in permeability | Early permanent increase in permeability | Pathology | null | 63e567b3-f433-4eec-b04f-51a7b5f0cf76 | single |
Type I muscle fibers rich in myosin heavy chain are | Ans. d (Slow contracting, resistant to fatigue)Two Major Fiber Types: type I and type II fibers Type IType II Slow TwitchFast TwitchMyosin ATPaseLowHighEnergy utilizationLowHighMitochondriaManyFewColorRedWhiteMyoglobinYesNoContraction rateSlowFastDurationProlongedShortResistance to fatigueincreased /morelessEducational... | 4 | Fast contracting, susceptible to fatigue | Slow contracting, susceptible to fatigue | Fast contracting, resistant to fatigue | Slow contracting, resistant to fatigue | Physiology | General | f51d6bb6-73c6-4d09-84d5-e4c9fef7c0e8 | single |
What is the function of DNA ligase? | DNA ligase Seals the single strand nick between the nascent chain and Okazaki fragments on lagging strandRef: Harpers Illustrated Biochemistry, 30th edition, page no: 382 | 2 | Unwinding (denaturation) of dsDNA to provide as ssDNA template | Seals the single strand nick between the nascent chain and Okazaki fragments on lagging strand | Initiation of DNA synthesis and elongation | Initiates synthesis of RNA primers | Biochemistry | Metabolism of nucleic acids | ce8dcd65-5696-4a35-b255-c544b8124285 | single |
Which of the following anti-Parkinson drugs has the potential to cause retroperitoneal fibrosis ? | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Bromocriptine Retroperitoneal fibrosis can be caused by ergot antiparkinsonism drugs (bromocriptine and pergolide). | 3 | Pramipexole | Entacapone | Bromocriptine | Ropinirole | Pharmacology | null | a38cd2ff-3c8d-4773-a9ab-70fb73ff1fb1 | single |
Which receptors are present in liver for uptake of LDL: | Apo E and Apo B100 "Apolipoproteins carry out several roles: (1) they can form pa of the structure of the lipoprotein, eg, apo B; (2) they are enzyme cofactors, eg, C-II for lipoprotein lipase, A-I for lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase, or enzyme inhibitors, eg, apo A-II and apo C-III for lipoprotein lipase, apo C-I... | 3 | Apo E | Apo A and Apo E | Apo E and Apo B100 | Apo B100 | Biochemistry | null | 33680b52-ee71-42b3-9abd-dd7bcc6e5f43 | single |
Pseudo gestational sac is seen in the USG of | Pseudo gestational sac : Irregular in outline Usually, uterus is centrally located No double decidual sign Sac remains empty Seen in ectopic pregnancy Ref: Dutta Obs 9e pg 601. | 2 | Missed aboion | Ectopic gestation | Complete aboion | Hematometra | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | General obstetrics | 910b1354-0a99-469f-a654-336d754ed8f9 | single |
True about the chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) | In COPD, airflow obstruction is demonstrated by spirometry in which the post-bronchodilator FEV1/FVC is less than 70%.
The severity of COPD may be defined in relation to the post-bronchodilator FEV1 which is <30% predicted in very severe type.
Measurement of lung volumes provides an assessment of hyperinflation.COPD ... | 4 | FEVI <30 of predicted value | FEV1/FVC<0.7 | total lung capacity increased | All | Medicine | null | 3ee7a15a-0141-4ec8-beef-018452278ae3 | multi |
Ectopia lentis in a child is seen in which of the following disease? | null | 2 | Sarcoidosis | Homocystinuria | Alkaptonuria | Wilson disease | Pediatrics | FMGE 2018 | 18d1fca1-b5af-4450-ad57-b35ec8100bfd | single |
Alcoholic presents with psychosis and memory loss. Probable diagnosis is: | Alcoholic patients with chronic thiamine deficiency may also have central nervous system (CNS) manifestations known as Wernicke's encephalopathy, consisting of horizontal nystagmus, ophthalmoplegia (due to weakness of one or more extraocular muscles), cerebellar ataxia, and mental impairment. When there is an additiona... | 2 | Wernicke's encephalopathy | Wernicke's Korsakoff psychosis | Acute psychosis | None of the above | Medicine | null | 8f7c275b-2ba9-4771-ab96-bddcf3e0734d | multi |
The glycolytic enzyme Enolase is inhibited by | null | 2 | Iodoacetate | Fluoride | Arsenate | Arsenic | Biochemistry | Metabolism of carbohydrate | e4b0f449-dbc2-4e5c-a08d-79793ae8763a | single |
All of the followings are signs of reversible cell injury; except: | Ans. (d) Dense Mitochondrial depositRef: Robbins and Cotran Pathologic Basic Disease 9th Ed; Page No-40Cell injuryReversible cell injuryIrreversible cell injury* Cellular swelling* Loss of microvilli* Formation of cytoplasmic blebs* ER swelling* Ribosomal detachment* Myelin figures* Clumping of nuclear chromatin* Flocc... | 4 | Loss of microvilli | Cell Swelling | Bleb formation | Dense Mitochondrial deposit | Pathology | Cellular Pathology | bdf0a32e-2bc4-4847-b219-edfe75659a2b | multi |
Power of reduced eye is ? | Ans. is b' i.e., 60 D Reduced eve (Reduced schematic eye) In schematic model, the optical system of eye behaves like a combination of lenses. The reduced schematic eye treats the eye as if it were a single refracting element consisting of an ideal spherical surface separating two media of refractive indices of 1.00 (ai... | 2 | 55 D | 60 D | 65 D | 70 D | Ophthalmology | null | 512c15ea-3b99-4b5c-8dc8-7854a67f3660 | single |
The length of the eye ball is | D. i.e. 24 mm Antero posterior diameter of eye is 17.5 mm at bih and reaches 24 mm in adultQ Eye Diameter Power Pressure Refractory index Veical 23 mm Lens +16DQ Goldmann 10.4 - 20. Air 1 Horizontal 23.5 Cornea +44 DQ applantation 4 mmHg Aqueous 1.336 mm Total +60 DQ Schiotz 10.5- 21.7 Humor Anteroposte- 24 New born ey... | 4 | 12 mm | 16 mm | 20 mm | 24 mm | Ophthalmology | null | 2acf7e1a-5870-4840-8925-0ae70de2da31 | multi |
Wilm' s tumor associated with A/E | The genitourinary anomalies most commonly associated with Wilms tumor are
hypoplasia,
fusion and ectopia of the kidney,
duplications of the collecting systems,
hypospadias, and
cryptorchidism
(Bilateral polycystic kidney disease is not associated with the Wilm's tumor)
Syndromes Associated with Wilms Tumor
Several s... | 4 | Hemihypertrophy | Aniridia | Hypertension | Bilateral polycystic kidney disease | Surgery | null | ba0e5700-7d01-4259-98e8-e1053b1eb8a9 | single |
All are caused by Herpes simplex virus except | CA cervix is caused by human papilloma virus. | 1 | CA cervix | Gingivostomatitis | Mollaret meningitis | Herpes labialis | Microbiology | null | dd2165a8-d5fd-4d6e-b84c-9b0580d24065 | multi |
Great auricular nerve originates from? | The great auricular nerve is a superficial branch of the cervical plexus composed of branches of spinal C2 and C3. It provides sensory innervation to the skin overlying the parotid gland, angle of mandible, external ear and posterior auricular region. The skin of the face is supplied by three divisions of the trigemina... | 1 | C2,C3 | C3,C4 | C4,C5 | C5,C6 | Anatomy | null | 0a261053-64d5-452f-a294-54ae003d94e8 | single |
Function of CAMP | CAMP is a secondary messager, used for intracellular signal transduction, such as transferring into cells the effect of hormones like glucagon etc.it is involved in activation of protein kinase Ref:Guyton and Hall textbook of medical physiology 12th edition,page number 540 ,541,542 | 2 | Ion exchange | Activation of protein kinase | Activation of Ryanodine receptors | Release of acetylcholine | Physiology | General physiology | dda9dc5f-93d2-44aa-a958-33f7d46e86cf | single |
Birth trauma is a risk factor for: | Birth trauma is an important aetiological factor for prolapse. | 1 | Prolapse uterus | Endometriosis | PID | Abortions | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null | a1e42807-b475-4583-bf43-010ba311d45d | single |
During an operation if a pair of scissors is left in abdomen it is known as:(2004) | Ans: cRef: Parikh, 6th ed, p. 1.43 | 3 | Petty's method | Res ipsa forcepalis | Res ipsa loquitor | Pharaoh's serpents | Forensic Medicine | Law & Medicine, Identification, Autopsy & Burn | 9a031386-ad7b-4a94-8302-1ade0d9a0c21 | single |
Paranasal sinuses presents at bih are | Paranasal sinuses develop as outpouchings from the mucous membrane of a lateral wall of the nose. The growth of sinuses continues during childhood and into early adult life. Radiologically maxillary sinuses can be identified at 4-5 months, ethmoids at 1 year, sphenoid at 4 years and frontals at 6 years. Reference: Dise... | 2 | Frontal and maxillary | Ethmoid and maxillary | Frontal and ethmoid | Sphenoid and ethmoid | ENT | Nose and paranasal sinuses | 38fac735-9e58-4d5e-8c6a-5fd9e22550c8 | single |
The incidence of carcinoma cervix in women with multiple sexual paners is 5 times the incidence seen in those with a single paner. Based on this, what is the attributable risk? | - If the incidence of carcinoma cervix in those with single paner is 'I' , then the incidence in those with multiple sexual paners will be 5 'I'. - Now attributable risk = (Incidence in exposed-Incidence in non-exposed/Incidence in exposed ) X 100 = (5I-I / 5I) X 100 = (4/5) X 100 = 80%. | 4 | 20% | 40% | 50% | 80% | Social & Preventive Medicine | Classification, Coho Study | 7af9613f-59e3-4ffd-815a-0cdbbf36a008 | single |
Secondary amyloidosis complicates which of the following: | Chronic osteomyelitis | 4 | Pneumonia | Chronic glomerulonephritis | Irritable bowel syndrome | Chronic osteomyelitis | Pathology | null | 3fce2d1e-23c7-4b14-b957-a75f89a25ce9 | single |
Thiopentone is used for induction anaesthesia, because it is – | All inducing agents have smooth and fast induction. Therefore they are used as inducing agents.
Rapid redistribution is responsible for very short duration of action (rapid recovery), not for induction. | 1 | Smooth induction | Rapidly redistributed | Rapid redistribution | easy to monitor | Anaesthesia | null | efdf46e2-6ae1-4055-9955-729d4253634a | single |
If TFR in a population is 4, then GRR would be (approx.) | - GRR or NRR= 1/2 TFR (approx.) - In given question, TFR is 4; hence GRR is half of 4 = 2 | 1 | 2 | 4 | 8 | 16 | Social & Preventive Medicine | Definition & Concepts | 9ce354ad-9625-4b51-8c82-29678ba78237 | single |
Pericardial space is present between ? | Pericardial space (pericardial cavity) lies between parietal serous pericardium and visceral serous pericardium. | 4 | Endocardium and pericardium | Epicardium and pericardium | Endocardium and epicardium | Parietal and visceral pericardium | Anatomy | null | 1a763a37-0c5b-4b03-a8a8-4b0add7aa507 | single |
Which of the following is primary prevention- | null | 3 | Screening test | Early diagnosis | Use of mosquito net | Restoration of lost function | Social & Preventive Medicine | null | cd4677e8-4118-42d4-aa01-aa42d84f341c | single |
Chacroid is caused by? | See APPENDIX-47 for list of “STDs” CHANCROID (SOFT SORE) This venereal infection is caused by the Gram-negative bacillus Haemophilus ducreyi.
One to 5 days postinfection, a soft sloughy ulcer appears on the penis or vulva.
The treatment of choice is erythromycin (500 mg 6-hourly for 14 days). | 2 | N. Gonnorrea | H. Ducrei | T. Pallidum | H. Influenza | Dental | null | 92cc1e0b-f7bf-4dd0-8c44-efd0924c2c0b | multi |
Metrifonate is effective against: | Schistosomiasis | 3 | Amoebiasis | Leishmaniosis | Schistosomiasis | Giardiasis | Pharmacology | null | f3e4f6c6-a5bd-4172-8156-913eb996a505 | single |
For which malignancy, intensity Modulated Radiotherapy is the most suitable | The prostate is a walnut-sized gland located between the bladder and the penis. The prostate is just in front of the rectum.
The urethra runs through the center of the prostate, from the bladder to the penis, letting urine flow out of the body.
The prostate secretes a fluid that nourishes and protects sperm.
During eja... | 2 | Lung | Prostate | Leukemias | Stomach | Radiology | null | c687fdeb-4569-46ff-9a63-a650ed9b0d37 | single |
Eruption of Maxillary 2nd molar occur at | null | 4 | 8-9 year | 10-11 year | 19-20 year | 12-13 year | Dental | null | 8d038a47-dfb3-4310-9cfb-ed3ede91fa1f | single |
Most common cause of secondary postpaum hemorrhage:- | Most common cause of secondary postpaum hemorrhage is retained tissues Secondary postpaum hemorrhage is bleeding 24 hours to 12 weeks after delivery. Causes of PPH(10 and 20) : Uterine atonicity Injury to any pa of genital tract Coagulopathy (von Willebrand's disease) Retained tissues - MCC of 20PPH | 4 | Trauma | Atonic uterus | Bleeding disorders | Retained products of conception | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | Post Paum Haemorrhage (This better stop now !) | d89cd238-c46d-45ac-800b-7e09897b371d | single |
A 53 year old male presents with an enlarged supraclavicular lymph node, and examination reveals enlargement of the Waldeyer ring of oropharyngeal lymphoid tissue. There is no hepatosplenornegaly. Lymph node biopsy reveals replacements by a monomorphous population of large lymphoid cells with enlarged nuclei and promin... | Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma occurs in older individuals and frequently presents as localized disease with extranodal involvement, paicularly of the Waldeyer ring. The staining pattern indicates a B-cell proliferation (CD19, CD1O). T-cell (CD3) and monocytic (CD15) markers are absent, TdT can be expressed in B- lineag... | 2 | Chronic lymphadenitis | Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma | Hodgkin disease | Lymphoblastic lymphoma | Medicine | null | 7247b17d-945d-433a-acf2-03a6a7d6bcc0 | multi |
Clonorches sinenensis is- | Ans. is 'd' i.e., FlukeTrematodes (fluke)o These are flat, leaf like helminths.o They can be classified depending on their site of localization in human tissues.Blood flukesVesical venous plexus: Schistosoma hematobium.Rectal venous plexus & portal venous system : S mansoni (inferior mesentric vein), S japonicum (super... | 4 | Tapeworm | Roundworm | Threadworm | Fluke | Microbiology | Parasitology | 9ecf8d5a-c156-4631-9983-520753508ca9 | single |
Use of FAST? | Ans. is 'a' i.e., To detect fluid in pericardial and peritoneal sacs o FASTFocused Assessment of Sonographic examination of Trauma patient is a rapid diagnostic examination to assess patients with potential thoraco abdominal injuries.It sequentially survavs for pressence of blood in pericardial sac and dependent abdomi... | 1 | To detect fluid in pericardial and peritoneal sacs | Pyoperitoneum | Intestinal obstruction | Pancreatitis | Surgery | Initial Assessment | 69937838-45c4-4df6-a9b4-8cccba64d352 | single |
The 'Japanese Detergent Suicide Technique' involves mixing of common household chemical to produce: | A ie. H2S - Japanese Detergent Suicide technique involves mixing of house hold chemicals like bath sulfur with toilet bowl cleaner to produce a deadly poisonous hydrogen sulfide gas cloudQ. It is used in enclosed spaces like car or closets to achieve near instant death. American version substitutes a common insecticide... | 1 | H2S and other poisonous gases | Deadly foam | Deadly Acidic Compond | Deadly fluid cyanide compound | Forensic Medicine | null | 2b7fd17a-a23b-4f44-8fff-6c5592612246 | single |
Substance with same atomic number but different mass number – | Isotopes → Atoms of the same elements with same atomic number but different atomic mass (mass number). | 1 | Isotope | Isobar | Atom | Mineral | Radiology | null | 428fe8cb-334f-49bb-8324-7e7f8e5a358b | single |
NSAIDs are used in all except - | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Peptic ulcer o Peptic ulcer is a contraindication. | 2 | As analgesic | In peptic ulcer | R.A. | O.A. | Pharmacology | null | 0e1e1452-e560-4bb0-95a1-6bf50c806d91 | multi |
On USG finding of cystic hygroma in fetus is suggestive of | C i.e. Turner's Syndrome | 3 | Down's syndrome | Marphan's syndrome | Turner's syndrome | Klinfelter's syndrome | Radiology | null | dcf71d51-f812-4c7f-b037-8ebeb710b70d | single |
A 22-year-old man has a sudden loss of vision in the right eye. On physical examination, there is a subluxation of the right crystalline lens. On auscultation of the chest, a midsystolic click is audible. An echocardiogram shows a floppy mitral valve and dilated aortic arch. The patient's brother and his cousin are sim... | Marfan syndrome is an autosomal dominant condition that is most often caused by qualitative defects in fibrillin from missense mutations in the fibrillin (FBN1) gene. An abnormal collagen gene can cause osteogenesis imperfecta and Ehlers-Danlos syndrome. Genetic mutations in the dystrophin gene are involved in Duchenne... | 3 | Collagen | Dystrophin | Fibrillin-1 | NF1 protein | Pathology | Genetics | df40b8bf-a3c0-4cbe-9ac4-28de844f579c | multi |
Hypokalemia is seen with - | Furosemide also can lead to gout caused by hyperuricemia. Hyperglycemia is also a common side effect. The tendency, as for all loop diuretics, to cause low serum potassium concentration (hypokalemia) has given rise to combination products, either with potassium or with the potassium-sparing diuretic amiloride (Co-amilo... | 1 | Frusemide | Coisol | Metabolic acidosis | Amiloride | Medicine | Fluid and electrolytes | 3fec6dd9-5e3c-4109-8c09-27d915aaf98f | single |
An 19-year-old man is admitted to the emergency room following a motorcycle accident. He is ale and fully oriented, but witnesses to the accident repo an interval of unresponsiveness following the injury. Skull films show a fracture of the left temporal bone. Following x-ray, the patient suddenly loses consciousness an... | Epidural hematomas are typically caused by a tear of the middle meningeal aery or vein or a dural venous sinus. Ninety percent of epidural hematomas are associated with linear skull fractures, usually in the temporal region. The lesion appears as a hyperdense biconvex mass between the skull and brain on CT scan. The ty... | 2 | Ruptured berry aneurysm | Epidural hematoma | Acute subdural hematoma | Intra Abdominal hemorrhage | Surgery | null | ae354388-0f82-416f-8db2-764ed2181010 | single |
All these structures are found in the lateral nasal wall except: | (b) Vomer(Ref. Cummings, 6th ed., 659)Vomer is an independent separate bone which forms the postero-inferior part of the septum proper, i.e. the medial wall of nose.Rest all are found on the lateral wall | 2 | Superior turbinate | Vomer | Agger nasi | Hasner's valve | ENT | Congenital Lesions and Stridor | 8ff4a9ef-abc7-4c30-8812-6d051af146c8 | multi |
If thiopentone is injected accidently into an artery the first symptom is – | First symptom of inadverent intra-arterial injection is pain and first sign is blanching. | 4 | Analgesia | Paralysis | Skin ulceration | Pain | Anaesthesia | null | df32abb3-a09e-46a5-acad-1135d15e1985 | single |
True about pugilistic attitude? | Puglistic attitude : It is due to coagulation of the proteins of the muscles and dehydration which cause contraction. The flexor muscles being bulkier than extensor, contracts more due to which joints of all limbs are flexed. It occurs whether the person was alive or dead at the time of burning. So it is non specific ,... | 3 | Indicate only antimoem burn | Indicate only postmoem burn | Cannot differentiate between antemoem & postmoem burn | Indicate defense by victim during antemoem death | Forensic Medicine | Thermal injuries | 3172055b-d115-4db9-a0ac-a3d7a99c55d2 | multi |
Which of the following drug when taken in excess can be removed by dialysis? | Forced alkaline diuresis or hemodialysis is indicated in severe salicylate poisoning to remove unabsorbed drug. Other treatment modalities in salicylate poisoning are external cooling and intravenous fluids with sodium, potassium, bicarbonate and glucose. Gastric lavage is done to remove the unabsorbed drug. Blood tran... | 2 | Digoxin | Salicylates | Benzodiazepines | Organophosphates | Pharmacology | null | 5d69e905-80fe-4c62-be1f-73f23c84639b | single |
All of the following are true about cluster sampling except- | . | 1 | Samples are similar to those in simple Random sampling | Is a Rapid and simple method | The sample size may very according to study design | It is a type of probability sample | Social & Preventive Medicine | Biostatistics | 299b8c5b-46aa-48dd-bd70-81db6ec700b5 | multi |
Dofetilide is which class of anti arrhythmia drug | Refer kDT 7/e 529 Dofetilide is a class III antiarrhythmic agent Dofetilide is used for the maintenance of sinus rhythm in individuals prone to the occurrence of atrial fibrillation and flutterarrhythmias, and for chemical cardioversionto sinus rhythm from atrial fibrillation and flutter | 3 | Class 1 | Class 11 | Class 111 | Class 1V | Pharmacology | Cardiovascular system | ca38421f-18eb-4d4b-ab5b-cf7f8e41db46 | single |
Bone pearl's or wax drippings is pathogonomic of: | Ans. (D). Electrocution(Ref: Review of Forensic Medicine & toxicology; Gautum Biswas; 2nd edition; Pg - 275) | 4 | Burns | Scalds | Lightening | Electrocution | Forensic Medicine | Death and Investigations | b6643772-f438-480a-a68e-881bcb05598a | single |
Metal fume fever can be seen in poisoning by all EXCEPT: March 2003 | Ans. B i.e. Arsenic | 2 | Lead | Arsenic | Iron | Zinc | Forensic Medicine | null | 23ee69f9-a9ea-47f8-a697-7984fd9f0ec0 | multi |
Fructose is transpoed by: | GLUT 5is membrane channel for the facilitated diffusion of glucose It is seen in testis,gastrointestinal tract | 3 | GLUT 1 | GLUT 2 | GLUT 5 | GLUT 4 | Anatomy | General anatomy | 02cc032f-e632-4e71-aa24-614419c508b4 | single |
A child with alopecia, hyperpigmentation, hypogonadism and rash of genital area and mouth is likely to suffer from: | Ans. (b) Zinc deficiencyRef. Harrison's 19th ed. / 96e-9* Zinc is an essential trace nutrient required for the proper function of more than 100 enzymes and plays a crucial role in nucleic acid metabolism.* Acrodermatitis enteropathica is an autosomal recessive disorder postulated to occur as a result of mutations in th... | 2 | Iron deficiency | Zinc deficiency | Calcium deficiency | Copper deficiency | Biochemistry | Micronutrient Metabolism | 45d47097-ba83-4b1e-89ef-584737a309b5 | single |
True about carcinoma esophagus is- | null | 2 | Most common site is lower end | Both adeno and suqamous cell carcinoma occur | Commonest histology is adenocarcinoma | More common in females | Surgery | null | 4f6d36b2-db6f-4f40-8a15-baef636099b2 | multi |
Use of tamoxifen in carcinoma of breast patients does not lead to the following side effects : | null | 4 | Thromboembolic events | Endometrial carcinoma | Cataract | Cancer in opposite breast | Pharmacology | null | c1ab2b07-4411-422d-95ad-839d5a17eb72 | single |
Sternal edema is seen in - | null | 2 | Measles | Mumps | Diphtheria | Varicella | Medicine | null | e72bd6ed-4a3b-4efc-9723-249191d75a80 | single |
Which of the following nerve fibers are first to get blocked by local anaesthetic | Sequence of block is
Beta > A delta = C > A gamma > A beta >A alpha | 3 | A alpha | A beta | A delta | A gamma | Anaesthesia | null | 5e3358a6-bb92-44a6-9f3a-f5a824e64e00 | single |
Ketamine belongs to which of the following group of drugs ? | Ketamine is a phencyclidine derivative presented as a racemic mixture of R-and S-ketamine. | 1 | Phencyclidine | Phenols | Barbiturate | Benzodiazepine | Anaesthesia | null | 0f87aded-05af-4728-acc4-707018dabee3 | single |
Anti-D Rh is given for: September 2005 | Ans. D: Rh positive father,Rh negative mother Rho(D) Immune Globulin is given by intramuscular injection that is used to prevent the immunological condition known as Rhesus disease (or hemolytic disease of newborn) paicularly when father is Rh positive and mother is Rh negative. It is a solution of IgG anti-D (anti-RhD... | 4 | Rh positive father,Rh positive mother | Rh negative father,Rh positive mother | Rh negative father,Rh negative mother | Rh positive father,Rh negative mother | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null | 20bcb0e4-8217-4ec0-aaaa-4ccd27aca529 | single |
About Ectopia vesicae, following is true except ? | Answer is 'b' i.e. Ventral curvature of penis Ectopia vesicae is associated with epispadias in which dorsal or upwards curvatuve of penis is noted. Ventral curvature is noted in hypospadias. | 2 | CA bladder may occur | Ventral curvature of penis | Incontinence of urine | Visible uretero - vesical efflux | Surgery | null | bd44a852-56fb-4a20-b5f8-3ef956d6dc14 | multi |
On USG finding of cystic hygroma in fetus is suggestive of : | Turner's syndrome (XO) may have - Cystic hygroma, Widely spaced nipples, Webbed neck, Infertility, Normal I.Q. | 3 | Down's syndrome | Marfan's syndrome | Turner's syndrome | Klinfelter's syndrome | Radiology | null | c2f0d312-7bfb-4ff6-bb64-fe4ff7dba0fa | single |
Oesophageal atresia may occur as a pa of VACTERAL group of anomalies. What does `TE' stand for? | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Tracheo-oesophageal fistulaVACTERL association is a disorder that affects many body systems. VACTERL stands for :V:Veebral defectsA:Anal atresiaC:Cardiac defectsTE:Tracheo-Esophageal fistulaR:Renal anomalies,L:Limb abnormalities.People diagnosed withVACTERL association typically have at least three of... | 3 | Tetralogy of Fallot | Thoracic empyema | Tracheo-oesophageal fistula | Talipes equinovarus | Pediatrics | null | 157316a2-cd60-4eb0-94bc-c62da236f92f | multi |
The time between primary and secondary case is called: | Serial interval - gap in time between onset of the primary case and the secondary case. A period of communicability - time during which an infectious agent may be transferred directly or indirectly from an infected person to another person, from an infected animal to man or from an infected person to an animal includin... | 2 | A period of communicability | Serial interval | Incubation period | Generation time | Social & Preventive Medicine | null | bd99710c-5f78-4222-a191-45872a9cbcf3 | multi |
Best treatment of old fracture is | Nonunion fracture shaft femur requires open reduction and rigid internal fixation with either intramedullary nail or DC plating and bone grafting. | 2 | Manipulation and POP cast application. | Open reduction and internal fixation and bone grafting. | K Wire fixation | External fixation | Unknown | null | a14b3941-8e39-4751-a11d-bd6902347986 | single |
Duodenal adenocarcinoma -a) Most common small bowel carcinomab) Periampullary carcinomac) Jaundice & anemia - most common symptomd) Local resection - curative | • Duodenum is MC site of small intestinal adenocarcinoma
• 15% in the proximal; 40% in the middle and 45% in the distal duodenum (MC)
• Resectability and prognosis are better than other upper GI cancers.
Clinical Features
• Most often presents as obstruction, with nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain as the most freque... | 1 | ac | bc | ad | b | Surgery | null | 8c4b0e05-a555-43c8-ac31-89b4af725a46 | multi |
Which is a noveneral form of trephonemal infection – a) Yawsb) Pintac) Syphillisd) GV | null | 1 | ab | a | ad | bc | Dental | null | 6b7fa008-79f3-42e2-b2aa-299f527fbef4 | single |
A 10-year old boy presents to the pediatric emergency unit with seizures. Blood pressure in the upper extremity measured as 200/140 mm Hg. Femoral pulses were not palpable. The most likely diagnosis amongst the following is: | Isolated upper extremity hypeension (200/140 mm Hg), with absent/diminished femoral pulses, is characteristic of coarctation of the aoaSeizures may be due to severe hypeension or due to intracranial haemorrhage(from berry aneurysms which are more common in patients with coarctation)The classic sign of coarctation of th... | 4 | Takayasu's aooaeritis | Renal parenchymal disease | Grand mal seizures | Coarctation of aoa | Medicine | All India exam | cee3c1f1-c97b-4f39-a23d-da191d9923d3 | single |
Over closure of jaws is accentuated muscle activity: | Hyperactive mentalis activity and abnormal buccinator activity is seen in class-II division-1 cases.
Over closure of jaws is associated with accentuated temporatis muscle activity. | 3 | Buccinator | Lateral pterygoid | Temporalis | medial pterygoid | Dental | null | 84d0a511-645e-4220-9a42-43924cfe504b | single |
Artifical radioisotopsa) Radiumb) Uraniumc) Plutoniumd) Iridiume) Cobalt | Important artificial radionuclides :- Tritium - 1, Carbon - 14, Cobalt - 60, Strontium 89, Strontium - 90, Iodine 131, Cesium 134, Cesium 137, Plutonium - 239, Iridium, Tc - 99. | 3 | ab | bc | de | bd | Radiology | null | 3c63dae1-94ee-43ba-a69c-8eadf2d7b7f9 | single |
According to Poiseuille's law, reducing the radius of an airway to one-third will increase its resistance how many fold? | Poiseuille's law states that during laminar flow, airway resistance is inversely propoional to the 4th power of the radius, other things being equal. Therefore, a reduction in the radius by a factor of 3 increases the resistance by 34, that is, 81. | 4 | 3-Jan | 3 | 9 | 81 | Physiology | Respiratory System Pa 1 | 6ba0c2d6-02f5-4965-ac8c-662be166105c | single |
Which is used for sterilization of cystoscope | Ans. (a) Glutaraldehyde | 1 | Glutaraldehyde | Formaldehyde | Isopropyl alcohol | Ethylene oxide | Microbiology | General | d59d18b7-0816-41a5-81e3-b8977d8b6679 | single |
A neonate is said be low birth weight (LBW) if his weight is less than ----- gms: | Ans. C. 2500 gramsA neonate weighing < 2500 grams at birth irrespective of gestational age is classified as low birth weight (LBW). A neonate weighing less than 1500 grams is classified as very low birth weight (VLBW). A neonate weighing less than 1000 grams at birth irrespective of the gestational age is classified as... | 3 | 2000 | 2200 | 2500 | 2800 | Pediatrics | New Born Infants | ca964c7e-89c9-4846-9fc7-b2db1ca4ba20 | single |
Which is most lipogenic carbohydrate: | All carbohydrates (if in excess), gets conveed to fat in body (endogenous fat). Sucrose is made up of glucose and fructose. So, when sucrose is taken instead of glucose, it increases lipogenesis because: Fructose is most rapidly metabolised sugar It bypasses PFK-1 step (Rate Limiting Enzyme of glycolysis). So fructose ... | 3 | Glucose | Galactose | Fructose | Starch | Biochemistry | Fat and Carbohydrate interconversion | 5e547bdd-fc62-4c53-be6d-ed3c66691bbd | single |
The nucleotide triplet CTC in the sixth position of the l3-chain in DNA forms the complementary nucleotide on (mRNA) that codes for glutamic acid. A point mutation on the l3-chain resulting in the nucleotide triplet CAC forms a com¬plementary nucleotide on mRNA that codes for valine. In sickle cell anemia, you would ex... | Note that by changing the CTC triplet to a CAC, the messenger RNA (mRNA) changes from GAG, which normally codes for glutamic acid in the sixth position of the -chain of hemoglobin, to GUG, which now codes for valine. This point mutation of a single base pair is responsible for sickle cell anemia. | 4 | GAG | CTC | GTG | GUG | Unknown | null | 7c89bab5-d6f3-48ee-99c0-f736d454a2e5 | single |
Which of the following condition masks low serum haptoglobin in hemolysis? | Haptoglobin is a glycoprotein synthesized in the liver that binds free hemoglobin. Its scavenging function counteracts the potentially harmful oxidative and nitric oxide-scavenging effects associated with "free" hemoglobin. Low haptoglobin is considered an indicator of hemolysis. But it is increased in biliary obstruct... | 1 | Bile duct obstruction | Liver disease | Malnutrition | Pregnancy | Pathology | null | 935d46c0-448d-4005-8891-f953a4b43af0 | single |
EBV causes: March 2013 | Ans. D i.e. All of the above Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)/ Human herpesvirus 4 (HHV-4) It is a virus of the herpes family, and is one of the most common viruses in humans. It is best known as the cause of infectious mononucleosis (glandular fever). It is also associated with paicular forms of cancer, such as Hodgkin's lymp... | 4 | Infectious mononucleosis | Nasopharyngeal carcinoma | Glandular fever | All of the above | Microbiology | null | 9777f2c1-948c-4e57-99ba-a248361aca3b | multi |
Which of the following snake produces paralysis with convulsions - | Types of venom -- may be * Neurotoxic -- cobra, krait * Hemotoxic -- vipers * Myotoxic -- sea snake NEUROTOXIC in krait,eventhough it is neurotoxic,there is no swelling or burning pain at the site of bite and convulsions are milder REF;THE SYNOPSIS OF FORENSIC MEDICINE:KS NARAYANA REDDY;28th EDITION | 3 | Vipers | Sea Snakes | Cobra | Krait | Forensic Medicine | Poisoning | 1c782070-7770-4f92-bd24-c75648a6648f | single |
Dehiscence in the external auditory canal cause infection in the parotid gland via: | (a) Fissure of Santorini(Ref. Cummings, 6th ed., 1981)The notch of Rivinus is the upper attachment of pars flaccida.Petro-tympanic fissure is present on the anterior wall of middle ear, on which attaches the anterior malleolar ligament.Retropharyngeal fissure does not exist. | 1 | Fissure of Santorini | Notch of Rivinus | Petro-tympanic fissure | Retro pharyngeal fissure | ENT | Ear | faadc75e-08fe-4018-92aa-46db40c79f9c | single |
Amino acids not coded by triplet codon: | B i.e. Hydroxyproline | 2 | Lysine | Hydroxyproline | Selenocysteine | Pyrrolysine | Biochemistry | null | a8b81973-aa4e-4c6d-bbb1-03565b0215bb | single |
Which index of obesity does not include height? | Ref: Park 25th edition Pgno : 418 | 4 | BMI | Ponderal's index | Broca's index | Corpulence index | Social & Preventive Medicine | Non communicable diseases | 584f3c02-7f5d-41a8-bd10-32ba7ef5214b | single |
Lalita, a female patient presents with pigmentation of the lips and oral mucosa and intestinal polyps. Her sister also gives the same history. Most probable diagnosis is: | The polyps of Peutz-Jeghers syndrome are generally considered to be hamaomas Hamaomatous polyps (usually <100) throughout the GIT, most common in jejunum Associated with Hypermelanotic macule in the perioral region, buccal mucosa. Mucocutaneous pigmentation usually occurs during infancy and most commonly noted in perio... | 4 | Carcinoid tumor | Melanoma | Villous adenoma | Peutz-Jegher's syndrome | Surgery | Large intestine | 61d9c55c-2527-4bf5-ba6e-083cb2b9a24b | single |
Not true about virulence of endodontic microflora is | null | 2 | Endotoxin | Exotoxin | Bacterial enzymes | Microbial interferences | Dental | null | 5958b43e-8cff-40ea-a3ea-7236e3d60fcf | multi |
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