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MHC restriction is a pa of all except aEUR'
Autoimmune disorder Major histocompatibility complex : Major histocompatibility complex, also called the human leucocyte antigen (HLA) complex is a 4 megahase region on chromosome 6. This region is densely packed with genes. These genes encodes two major proteins or antigens i.e., MHC I & MHC II. These proteins play an...
4
Antiviral cytotoxic T cell
Antibacterial helper T cell/cytotoxic cells
Allograft rejection
Autoimmune disorder
Pathology
null
a7fe280b-34b8-4a85-9a19-dde598ba89a2
multi
During cardiac imaging the phase of minimum motion of hea is:
D i.e. Mid diastole- During cardiac imaging (such as MRI, CT, electron beam tomography), mid diastolic phase (or diastasis) of cardiac cycle is usually (but not always) associated with lowest (minimum) mean motion of hea.Q- Optimum phase (i.e. with minimum cardiac motion) for cardiac and coronary vessel imaging is mid-...
4
Late systole
Mid systole
Late diastole
Mid diastole
Physiology
null
6025c13b-9771-4204-a4b0-6b192e535d66
single
Mandibular nerve does not supply:?
A. i.e. Buccinator
1
Buccinator
Masseter
Tensor tympani
Temporalis
Anatomy
null
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single
A 68-year-old man is admitted to the coronary care unit with an acute myocardial infarction. His postinfarction course is marked by congestive hea failure and intermittent hypotension. On the fouh day in hospital, he develops severe midabdominal pain. On physical examination, blood pressure is 90/60 mm Hg and pulse is ...
In the absence of peritoneal signs, angiography is the diagnostic test of choice for acute mesenteric ischemia. Patients with peritoneal signs should undergo emergent laparotomy. Acute mesenteric ischemia may be difficult to diagnose. The condition should be suspected in patients with either systemic manifestations of ...
3
Barium enema
Upper gastrointestinal series
Angiography
Ultrasonography
Anaesthesia
Preoperative assessment and monitoring in anaesthesia
d5d03cd8-055b-49bf-9b2d-4b8dc3fd6b4d
multi
Drugs undergoing acetylation include all except:
Ans. B. MetoclopramideAcetylation by N-acetyl transferases (NAT)e.g, S - SulfonamidesH - HydralazineI - IsoniazidP - Procainamide, PASD - DapsoneC - Clonazepam, Caffeine
2
Dapsone
Metoclopramide
Procainamide
INH
Pharmacology
General Pharmacology
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multi
A group of expes discussing a topic in front of the audience without any specific order. This mode of communication is known as: September 2008
Ans. A: Panel discussion In panel discussion there is a chairman/moderator and 4-8 speakers. Each speaker prepares separately, the other speakers hear one another for the time at the session itself. Panel discussions, however, differ from team presentations. Their purpose is different. In a team presentation, the group...
1
Panel discussion
Group discussion
Team presentation
Symposium
Social & Preventive Medicine
null
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single
Starvation and diabetes mellitus can lead on to ketoacidosis which of the following features is in our of ketoacidosis due to diabetes mellitus.
A i.e. Increase in glucagons/ insulin ratio, increased C- AMP & increased blood sugar.In diabetes little glucose is oxidized as fuel, except by the brain. The rest of tissues burn a large amount of fat, paicularly the liver where the amount of acetyl COA formed from fatty acids exceeds the capacity of the tricarboxylic...
1
Increase in glucagon/insulin ratio, increased CAMP and increased blood glucose
Decreased insulin, increased free fatty acid which is equivalent to blood glucose
Decreased insulin, increased free fatty acid which is not equivalent to blood glucose
Elevated insulin and free fatty acid, equivalent to blood glucose
Biochemistry
null
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ARDS true?
ARDS is a clinical syndrome of severe dyspnoea of rapid onset, hypoxaemia and diffuse pulmonary infiltrates leading to respiratory failure.ARDS is characterised by Po2/Fio2(inspiratory O2 fraction)<200 mmHg.There will be no hypercapnia, so the patient will have type 1 respiratory failure. There will be a stiff-lung sy...
2
Type 2 respiratory failure
Lung compliance decreased
Increase in diffusion capacity
none
Medicine
null
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multi
Hypeension is seen with all except-
Ans. is d i.e., Levodopa Drug causing hypeension Cocaine MAO inhibitors Oral contraceptives Clonidine withdrawl Tricyclic antidepressants Cyclosporine Glucocoicoids Rofecoxib (NSAID) Erythropoietin Valdecoxib (NSAID) Sympathomimetics
4
Erythropoitin
Cyclosporine
NSAID
Levodopa
Pharmacology
null
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multi
Beta 2 agonist used in rescue therapy in acute respiratory conditions are all except?
Ans. is 'd' i.e., Ketotifen Formoterol, Salbutomol and bambuterol are p 2 agonists. o Ketotifen is a mast cell stabilizer.
4
Formoterol
Salbutamol
Bambuterol
Ketotifen
Pharmacology
null
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multi
The post mortem report in case of death in police custody should be recorded as
Ans. b (Video recording). (Ref. Parikh, FMT, 5th ed., 130)Installation of video camera in jail and recording of postmortem in case of death in police custody is according to human rights.
2
Tape recording
Video recording
Photographic recording
All
Forensic Medicine
Law & Medicine, Identification, Autopsy & Burn
596a9bae-2d55-449d-9c81-2f0e7154a1eb
multi
Reversible loss of polarity with abnormality in size and shape of cells is known as?
Dysplasia is reversible Anaplasia is irreversible
3
Metaplasia
Anaplasia
Dysplasia
Hyperplasia
Pathology
null
23a18676-636e-4059-a12b-c8b65f9ee614
single
During autopsy for virology study which agent is used for storing tissue: NEET 14
Ans. 50% glycerine
4
Sodium chloride
Alcohol
Rectified spirit
50% glycerine
Forensic Medicine
null
78001841-a752-480d-b11c-941bc1a1fac3
single
The protective bacterium in the normal vagina is:
Vagina has inhabitant bacteria called as Doderleins bacteria which is a lactobaccilli, and converts the glycogen present in vaginal epithelium into lactic acid. Thus, pH of the vagina is acidic The pH of the vagina in an adult woman is 4 -5.5 with an average of 4.5. The pH of vagina varies with age — for further detail...
2
Peptostreptococcus
Lactobacillus
Gardenella vaginalis
E. coli
Gynaecology & Obstetrics
null
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single
Bence jones proteinuria is derived from?
Ans. (b) Light chain globulins(Ref: R 9th/pg 598-602)Excretion of light chains in the urine has been referred to as Bence Jones proteinuria.Light chains includes k and l (kappa and lambda)
2
Alpha globulins
Light chain globulins
Gamma globulins
Delta globulins
Pathology
Misc. (W.B.C)
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single
Which of the following drugs used to treat type II diabetes mellitus causes weight loss:
null
1
Metformin
Glimepiride
Repaglinide
Gliclazide
Pharmacology
null
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single
Pradhan mantra swasthya suraksha yojana was launched in:
Pradhan mantra swasthya suraksha yojana was approved in 2006 with the objective of correcting imbalances in availability of affordable teiary level healthcare in the country. Ref: National Health Programmes in India, J.Kishore, 10th edition pg: 84
2
2003
2006
2007
2008
Social & Preventive Medicine
null
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single
Which of the following measures sensitivity: September 2011
Ans. B: True positives Sensitivity denotes true positives
2
True negatives
True positives
False positives
False negatives
Social & Preventive Medicine
null
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multi
Caput succedaneum in a newborn is: Karnataka 07
Ans. Collection of sero-sanguineous fluid in the scalp
2
Collection of blood under the pericranium
Collection of sero-sanguineous fluid in the scalp
Edema of the scalp due to grip of the forceps
Varicose veins in the scalp
Forensic Medicine
null
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single
Zero order kinetics is seen in all except
Zero order kinetics is seen in high dose of salicylates,ethanol and phenytoin. Ref-KDT 6/e p31
4
High dose salicylates
Phenytoin
Ethanol
Methotrexate
Anatomy
General anatomy
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multi
In a normal healthy person the arterial oxygen is considered satisfactory if SPO2 is more than
Ans. c (90) (Ref H-17th/l590-91; pg. A-15)In a normal healthy person the arterial oxygen is considered satisfactory if SP02 is more than 90.Arterial O2 tensionPaO212.7 +- 0.7 kPa (95 +- 5 mm Hg)Arterial CO2 tensionPaCO25.3 +- 0.3 kPa (40 +- 2 mm Hg)Arterial O2 saturationSaO20.97 +- 0.02 (97 +- 2%)Arterial blood pHpH7.4...
3
80
85
90
Any of the above
Medicine
Respiratory
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multi
A 40-year-old man presents with 5 days of productive cough and fever. Pseudomonas aeruginosa is isolated from a pulmonary abscess. CBC shows an acute effect characterized by marked leukocytosis (50,000/mL) and the differential count reveals shift to left in granulocytes. Which of the following terms best describes thes...
Circulating levels of leukocytes and their precursors may occasionally reach very high levels (>50,000 WBC/mL). These extreme elevations are sometimes called leukemoid reactions because they are similar to the white cell counts observed in leukemia, from which they must be distinguished. The leukocytosis occurs initial...
1
Leukemoid reaction
Leukopenia
Myeloid metaplasia
Neutrophilia
Pathology
Basic Concepts and Vascular changes of Acute Inflammation
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single
A patient present with dysphagia of 4 weeks duration. Now he is able to swallow liquid food only. Which of the following is the one investigation to be done:
Answer is B (Upper GI endoscopy is to be done) The patient is presenting with new onset dysphagia for solids alone (able to swallow liquids). This suggests dysphagia due to mechanical obstruction (carcinoma, stricture, web) which is best diagnosed by endoscopy. Note: Barium swallow is the recommended initial investigat...
2
Barium studies are the best to be done
Upper GI endoscopy is to be done
CT scan is needed
Esophageal manometry
Medicine
null
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multi
Inhalation of fungal spores can cause primary lung infections. Of the following organisms, which one is most likely to be associated with this mode of transmission?
C. albicans and Candida tropicalis are opportunistic fungi, and as part of the normal flora are not transmitted by inhalation. C. immitis is a dimorphic fungus and inhalation of the spores transmits the infection. Sprothrix is also a dimorphic fungus but its portal of entry is cutaneous. Trychophyton is a dermatophyte ...
1
C. immitis
S. schenckii
C. albicans
T. tonsurans
Microbiology
Mycology
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Fleeting skin lesions are often present in patients with:
Fleeting skin lesions are often presents in patients with hepatitis B. Ref: Schiff's diseases of liver, Edition -11, Page - 3.
1
Viral hepatitis B
Acute cholangitis
Viral hepatitis A
Carcinoma head of pancreas
Medicine
null
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single
In which of the following locations, Carcinoid tumor is most common
carcinoid tumour commonly occurs in appendix(45%),ileum(25%),rectum(15%).other sites are(15%)other pas of GIT ,bronchus, and testis SRB,5th,877.
4
Esophagus
Stomach
Small bowel
Appendix
Surgery
Head and neck
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S100 is a marker used in the diagnosis of all Except
Acidic protein, 100% Soluble in ammonium sulfate at neutral pH (derivation of name) S100 protein family is multigenic group of nonubiquitous cytoplasmic EF-hand Ca2+-binding proteins, sharing significant structural similarities at both genomic and protein levels; S100 protein family has 24 known human members each code...
4
Melanoma
Schwannoma
Histiocytoma
Basal cell cancer
Pathology
General pathology
e77a5910-d85b-445f-98bf-906ab456b458
multi
A Patient who is on antihypertensive drug develops a dry cough. Which of the following drug might be responsible for the condition:
The angiotensin-converting enzyme normally helps in conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II, which acts as a vasoconstrictor in case of hypovolemia. In addition to that, ACE also helps in the breakdown of bradykinin. When ACE inhibitors (captopril) are given, it inhibits ACE and in addition inhibits the breakdown...
2
Diuretics
ACE inhibitors
Calcium channel blockers
Beta blockers
Pharmacology
null
bdae4721-695e-4983-bc69-4012c1a87907
single
Mad Cow disease (Spongiform disease) occurs due to
Mad cow disease or bovine spongiform encephalopathy i.e. Caused by “prions” “PRIONS” are unconventional transmissible agents, proteinaceous in nature.” Diseases caused by prions are Kuru Creutzfeldt Jakob Disease. Gerstmann Straussler Scheinker Syndrome Fatal Familial Insomnia. Scrapie Of Sheep Transmissible Encephalop...
1
C J virus
Arena Virus
Kuru Virus
Parvo Virus
Microbiology
null
95952308-e34f-4e57-b1fc-b7227ca74170
single
Schwann cells are derived from:
null
1
Neural crest cells
Endoderm
Mesoderm
Ectoderm
Surgery
null
401f06f5-0cc0-49c8-ab84-8b432053a073
single
A patient on lithium therapy was found to be hypeensive also. Which of the following antihypeensive drugs is contraindicated in a patient on lithium therapy in order to prevent toxicity?
Diuretics (thiazide, furosemide) by causing Na+ loss promote proximal tubular reabsorption of Na+ as well as Li+ --plasma levels of lithium rise. ref : KD Tripati 8th ed.
4
Clonidine
Beta blockers
Calcium channel blockers
Diuretics
Pharmacology
Central Nervous system
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single
In marasmus, which of the following is not seen?
Edema is a feature of Kwashiorkor, not seen in marasmus. Kwashiorkor Marasmus Edema Present absent appetite poor Voracious appetite CNS involvement apathy Active child Hepatomegaly seen Not seen Skin and hair changes More common Less common
1
Edema
Voracious appetite
Hepatomegaly not seen
Child is active
Pediatrics
FMGE 2019
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single
A 23-year-old woman presents with a rubbery, freely movable 2-cm mass in the upper outer quadrant of the left breast. A biopsy of this lesion would most likely histologically reveal
The most common benign neoplasm of the breast is fibroadenoma, which typically occurs in the upper outer quadrant of the breast in women between the ages of 20 and 35. These lesions originate from the terminal duct lobular unit and histologically reveal a mixture of fibrous connective tissue and ducts. Clinically, fibr...
2
Large numbers of neutrophils
A mixture of fibrous tissue and ducts
Large numbers of plasma cells
Necrotic fat surrounded by lipid-laden macrophages
Pathology
miscellaneous
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multi
Most common pa of larynx involved in TB ?
Ans. is 'b' i.e., Posterior Essential otolaryngology 2"d/e p. 1139] Disease affects the posterior third of larynx more commonly than anterior pa. The pas affected in descending order of frequency are :- i) Interarytenoid fold, ii) Ventricular band, iii) Vocal cords, iv) Epiglottis.
2
Anterior
Posterior
Middle
Anywhere
ENT
null
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single
Pyogenic granuloma is associated with
Pyogenic granuloma is a misnomer as there is no granuloma. It is a benign vascular lesion that bleeds easily on trauma. It is associated with Inflammatory Bowel disease (Ulcerative colitis > Crohn's disease).
3
Gastric adenocarcinoma
Pseudomonas infection
Ulcerative colitis
Intestinal tuberculosis
Dental
null
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single
Epithelial rests of Malassez are found in
null
3
Pulp
Gingiva
Periodontal Ligament
Alveolar mucosa
Dental
null
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Muscle relaxant used in renal failure -
As Atracurium and Cis-atracurium are inactivated by Hoffman's elimination, they are the muscle relaxants of choice for both liver and renal failure.
2
Ketamine
Atracurium
Pancuronium
Fentanyl
Anaesthesia
Muscle relaxants
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single
Ramachandran is on the surgical ward with non-seminomatous tumor of testis and more than 4 retroperitoneal lymph nodes involved. You are the resident who is making a decision about fuher management. The treatment include all of the following, except:
Inguinal orchiectomy with high ligation of the cord at the internal ring is the initial management of testicular tumour. Multi Agent chemotherapy and followed by surgical resection is one modality of treatment. Ref: Bailey & Love, 25th Edition, Page 1269.
4
Retroperitoneal Lymph Node Dissection (RPLND)
Inguinal orchiectomy
Chemotherapy
Radiotherapy
Surgery
null
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A 34-year-old female has a history of intermittent episodes of severe abdominal pain. She has had multiple abdominal surgeries and exploratory procedures with no abnormal findings. Her urine appears dark during an attack and gets even darker if exposed to sunlight. The attacks seem to peak after she takes erythromycin,...
The patient has acute intermittent porphyria, which is a defect in one of the early steps leading to heme synthesis. The buildup of the intermediate that cannot continue along the pathway leads to the dark urine, and it turns darker when ultraviolet (UV) light interacts with the conjugated double bonds in the molecule....
1
Heme
Creatine phosphate
Cysteine
Thymine
Biochemistry
Proteins and Amino Acids
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Most common type of hypospadias is: September 2011
Ans. A: Glandular Glandular hypospadias is common and does not usually require treatment Hypospadias: The external meatus opens on the underside of the penis or the perineum, and the inferior aspect of the prepuce is poorly developed (hooded prepuce) Meatal stenosis occurs Bifid scrotum 6 - 10 months of age is the best...
1
Glandular
Penile
Coronal
Perineal
Surgery
null
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single
In a subclan aery block at outer border of 1st rib, all of the following aeries help in maintaining the circulation to upper limb, EXCEPT?
A rich anastomosis exists around the scapula between branches of subclan aery (first pa) and the axillary aery (third pa). This anastomosis provides a collateral circulation through which blood can flow to the limb when the distal pa of subclan aery or the proximal pa of axillary aery is blocked. Scapular anastomoses o...
2
Subscapular aery
Superior thoracic aery
Thyrocervical trunk
Suprascapular aery
Anatomy
null
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multi
Lymphatics of suprarenal gland drain into lymph nodes -
Suprarenal glands drain into para-aortic nodes.
2
Internal iliac
Para-aortic
Superficial inguinal
Coeliac
Anatomy
null
819417b2-a1f3-4434-a377-9f1f50574b12
single
All of the following can be involved in an injury to the head of the fibula, EXCEPT:
The common peroneal nerve is extremely vulnerable to injury as it winds around the neck of the fibula. At this site, it is exposed to direct trauma or is involved in fractures of the upper pa of the fibula. While passing behind the head of the fibula, it winds laterally around the neck of the bone, pierces peroneus lon...
4
Anterior tibial nerve
Common peroneal nerve
Superficial peroneal nerve
Tibial nerve
Anatomy
null
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multi
Pain felt between great toe and 2nd toe is due to involvement of which nerve root -
First web space of foot is supplied by deep peroneal nerve (L5)
1
L5
S2
S1
S3
Anatomy
null
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single
Which of the following is non-competitive inhibitor of intestinal alkaline phosphatase?
Ans. d (L-Phenylalanine) (Ref. Biochemistry by Vasudevan, 4th ed., 57; 5th ed., 55-56)ALKALINE PHOSPHATASE# The pH optimum for the enzyme reaction is between 9 and 10.# It is activated by magnesium and manganese.# Zinc is a constituent ion of ALR# It is produced by osteoblasts of bone, and is associated with the calcif...
4
L-Alanine
L-Tyrosine
L-Tryptophan
L-Phenylalanine
Biochemistry
Enzymes
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Mondors disease is:
Ans: D (Thrombophlebitis of superficial veins of breast) Ref: Bailey dt Love's Short Practice of Surgery, 25th Edition,833-4Explanation:Mondor's diseaseThrombophlebitis of the superficial veins of the breast and anterior chest wallCan also involve armCauseIdiopathicClinical featuresThrombosed subcutaneous vessel , usua...
4
Migratory thrombophlebitis seen in pancreatic Ca
Thromboangitis obliterans
Thrombosis of deep veins of the leg
Thrombophlebitis of superficial veins of breast
Surgery
Miscellaneous (Breast)
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Treatment of Choice in Sleep Apnea Syndrome:
(A) Continuous positive pressure ventilation# Sleep apnea: Sleep apnea is a sleep disorder characterized by pauses in breathing during sleep. Each episode, called an apnea, lasts long enough so that one or more breaths are missed, and such episodes occur repeatedly throughout sleep.> The standard definition of any apne...
1
Continuous positive pressure ventilation.
Sedatives.
Antidepressants.
Antiepileptics
Psychiatry
Miscellaneous
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single
Rectal polyp most commonly presents as
.LOWER GI BLEED- * Bleeding in the GIT below the level of the ligament of Treitz. * Normal faecal blood loss is 1.2 ml/day. A loss more than 10 ml/day is significant.* Angiodysplasia. * Diveicular disease - commonest cause in Western countries. * Tumours of colon or small bowel. * Anorectal diseases--Haemorrhoids, fiss...
2
Obstruction
Bleeding
Infection
Changes into malignancy
Surgery
G.I.T
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Ulipristal acetate is a/an:
Ans. is d, i.e. Selective progesterone receptor modulatorRef: Harrison's Principles of Internal medicine 19th/ed, p2391Ulipristal acetate (trade name Ella One in the European Union, Ella in the US for contraception, and Esmya for uterine fibroid) is a selective progesterone receptor modulator (SPRM).PharmacodynamicsAs ...
4
GnRH agonist
Androgen antagonist
Selective estrogen receptor modulator
Selective progesterone receptor modulator
Gynaecology & Obstetrics
Physiology & Histology
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single
A patient presented with ahritis and purpura. Laboratory examination showed monoclonal and polyclonal cryoglobulins. Histopathology showed deposits of cryoglobulins around the vessels. The patient should be tested for which of the following ?
Hepatitis C This is caused by an RNA flavivirus. Acute symptomatic infection with hepatitis C is rare. Most individuals are unaware of when they became infected and are identified only when they develop chronic liver disease. Eighty per cent of individuals exposed to the virus become chronically infected and late spont...
2
HBV
HCV
EBV
Parvovious
Medicine
G.I.T
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single
All of the following structures passes through the Alcock canal, EXCEPT:
Alcock canal or pudendal canal stas from the lesser sciatic notch and runs forward on the medial surface of the ischial tuberosity up to the pubic arch where it is continuous with the deep perineal pouch. Contents of the pudendal canal are:Pudendal nervePudendal aery and veinWithin the canal pudendal nerve give rise to...
4
Internal pudendal vein
Internal pudendal nerve
Internal pudendal aery
Obturator internus muscle
Anatomy
null
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multi
Marfans Syndrome affecting eyes, skeletal system, and the cardiovascular system is caued by the mutation in the gene
Marfan Syndrome Is Caused by Mutations in the Gene for Fibrillin-1. It is inherited as an autosomal dominant trait. It affects the eyes (eg, causing dislocation of the lens, known as ectopia lentis), the skeletal system (most patients are tall and exhibit long digits and hyperextensibility of the joints), and the cardi...
1
Fibrillin 1
Fibrillin 2
Fibulin
Elastin
Biochemistry
miscellaneous
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single
RNA primer is synthesized by -
Ans. is 'c' i.e., DNA primase ProteinFunctionDNA polymerasesDeoxynucleotide polymerizationHelicasesProcessive unwinding of DNATopoisomerasesRelieve torsional strain that results from helicase-induced unwindingDNA primaseInitiates synthesis of RNA primersSingle-strand binding proteinsPrevent premature reannealling of ds...
3
Topoisomerase
Helicase
DNA primase
DNA ligase
Biochemistry
Transcription
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single
Biochemical analytes measured in the triple test are all the following Except
Second-Trimester ScreeningPregnancies with fetal Down syndrome are characterized by lower maternal serum AFP levels--approximately 0.7 MoM, higher hCG levels--approximately 2.0 MoM, and lower unconjugated estriol levels--approximately 0.8 MoM. This triple test can detect 61 to 70 percent of Down syndrome.Levels of all ...
4
hCG
AFP
Unconjugated estriol
Inhibin A
Gynaecology & Obstetrics
Diagnosis in obstetrics
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multi
A preterm baby is born with synchronised upper chest movement, minimal nasal flare, expiratory grunting heard by the stethoscope, but has no chest or xiphoid retractions. The Silverman score is:
The Silverman Anderson retraction score of respiratory distress syndrome (RDS): Upper chest Lower chest Xiphoid retraction Nares dilatation Expiratory grunt Grade 0 Synchronised No retraction None None None Grade 1 Lag on inspiration Just visible Just visible Minimal By stethoscope Grade 2 See-saw Marked Marked Marked ...
2
1
2
3
4
Pediatrics
null
f40a69ac-3908-4578-9738-88b2db21a8e7
single
Bacteriostatic antitubercular drug among the following is :
null
4
Isoniazid
Rifampicin
Streptomycin
Ethambutol
Pharmacology
null
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single
Yoke muscle pair is
Right lateral rectus and left medial rectus. Yolk muscles are pair of muscles one from eye which contracts simultaneously during version movement.
3
Rt LR and Rt MR
Rt so and Lt Io
Rt LR and Lt MR
All the above
Ophthalmology
null
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multi
Causes of restrictive cardiomyopathy are -
Restrictive cardiomyopathy is characterised by a primary decrease in ventricular compliance , resulting in impaired ventricular filling during diastole. Restrictive cardiomyopathy can be idiopathic or associated with systemic disease that also happen to affect the myocardium for example radiation fibrosis, amyloidosis,...
4
Amyloid
Sarcoidosis
Storage disease
All of the above
Pathology
Cardiovascular system
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multi
3-year-old child comes in ER with Hv'o vomiting, loose watery motion for 3 days, on examination, the child was drowsy, sunken eye. Hypothermia and skin pinch take time to revert back, diagnosis
on  A child with severe dehydration will have at least two of the following four signs: sensorium is abnormally sleepy or lethargic, sunken eyes, drinking poorly or not at all, and a very slow skin pinch. A child with some signs of dehydraon will have two of the following: restlessness or irritability, sunken eyes, dri...
4
No dehydration
Mild dehydration
Some dehydration
Severe dehydration
Pediatrics
null
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single
A 50 years old lady presented with lump in the left breast, which has developed suddenly in weeks. Perimenstrual symptoms are present. No associated family history. On examination, the lump is well circumscribed, fluctuant, 1.5 cm oval in shape. Most likely diagnosis:
Fibroadenoma - it occurs in 2nd to 3rd decade of life Galactocele - it occurs in 3rd to 4th decade of life. Breast cancer - there is no associated family history and lump has developed suddenly hence breast cancer is ruled out. Breast cyst - it occurs in 5th to 6th decade of life. Examination revealed fluctuant lesion ...
1
Breast cyst
Galactocele
Fibroadenoma
Breast cancer
Surgery
Breast
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HIV can -
it can cross blood brain barrier and cause cns infection REF:ANANTHANARAYANAN TEXT BOOK OF MICROBIOLOGY 9EDITION PGNO.576
1
Cross blood brain barrier
RNA virus
Inhibited by 0.3% H2O2
Thermostable
Microbiology
Virology
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single
Heamorrhagic external otitis media is caused by
Otitis externa haemorrhagica It is characterized by for mation of haemorrhagic bullae on the tympanic membrane and deep meatus. It is probably viral in origin and may be seen in influenza epidemics. The condition causes severe pain in the ear and blood-stained discharge when the bullae rupture. Treatment: with analgesi...
1
Influenza
Proteus
Streptococcus
Staphylococcus
ENT
Ear
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single
A 7 year old male patient presents to the clinic for routine dental examination and has history of frequent snacking and sugary beverages. Intraoral examination shows multiple pit and fissure caries and subsurface enamel porosity manifesting as milky white opacity. Tactile probing should not be used in this case becaus...
Traditionally, dentists have relied upon a visual-tactile radiographic  procedure  for  the detection  of  dental caries. This procedure involves the visual identification of demineralized  areas  (typically  white  spots)  or  suspicious pits or fissures and the use of the dental explorer to determine the  presence of...
4
Insertion of the explorer into the suspected lesion inevitably disrupts the surface layer covering very early lesions, thereby eliminating the possibility for remineralization of the decalcified area
Probing of lesions and suspected lesions results in the transport of cariogenic bacteria from one area to another
Frank lesions requiring restoration are generally apparent visually without the need for probing.
It may induce spontaneous bleeding
Dental
null
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multi
Most dangerous paicles causing pneumoconiosis are of size
In pneumoconiosis, the most dangerous paicles range from 1-5 micron in diameter, because they may reach the terminal small airway and settle in there lining notes The solubility and cytotoxicity of paicles ,modify the nature of pulmonary response
1
A. 1-5 micron
B. <1 micron
C. 5-15 micron
D. 10-20 micron
Anatomy
Respiratory system
418561b6-f3f8-426e-8516-cb4104e280fb
single
Calculate the deficit for a 60 kg person,with Hb - 5 g/dl add 1000 mg for iron stores.
Iron deficit = Bodyweight(kg) x 2.3 x (15 - Hb) + 1000       = 60 x 2.3 x (15 - 5) + 1000       = 2380 (close to 2500)
2
1500
2500
3500
4000
Medicine
null
af2763f0-33d6-4d62-b91a-a1808160df66
single
Which of the following is not a cause of glomerular proteinuria?
Multiple myeloma is characterized by tubular proteinuria. The Bence Jones proteins induce tubular damage Increased beta-2-microglobulin levels in urine is an prognostic indicator of Multiple myeloma Diabetes Mellitus and amyloidosis lead to damage to basement membrane of the kidney leading to glomerular proteinuria in ...
3
Diabetes Mellitus
Amyloidosis
Multiple myeloma
Nil Lesion
Medicine
Nephrology
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single
Which of the following does not cause Insulin release-
Ans. is 'a' i.e., Rosiglitazone o Oral hypoglycemic drugs may be divided into two groups. 1. Group 1 These drugs reduce plasma glucose by stimulating insulin production, therefore called insulin secretogogues. Hypoglycemia is a well known side effect. Examples are: i) Sulfonylureas: first generation (chlorpropamide, to...
1
Rosiglitazone
Nateglinide
Glimipiride
Tobutamide
Pharmacology
null
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single
Which of the following endocrine tumors is most commonly seen in MEN I ?
In MEN 1 : * Gastrinoma (>50%) * Insulinoma (10-30%) * Glucagonoma (<3%) * Somatotrophinoma (25%) Reference : page 2336 Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine 19th edition
2
Insulinoma
Gastrinoma
Glucagonoma
Somatotrophinoma
Medicine
Endocrinology
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single
The following is the least useful investigation in multiple myeloma :
Answer is C (Bone scan) Bone scans are least useful for diagnosis of Multiple Myeloma. Cytokines secreted by myeloma cells suppress osteoblastic activity therefore typically no increased uptake is observed. In multiple myeloma the osteohlastic response to bone destruction is negligible. The bone scan therefore is often...
3
ESR
X-Ray
Bone scan
Bone marrow biopsy
Medicine
null
a6a80e21-ef83-4e66-8e5b-2c6f53af99ef
single
Most common organism causing ventilator associated pneumonia -
null
3
Legionella
Pneumococcus
Pseudomonas
Coagulase negative staphylococcus
Microbiology
null
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single
A 2-week-old baby is irritable and feeding poorly. On physical examination, the infant is irritable, diaphoretic, tachypneic and tachycardic. There is circumoral cyanosis, which is not alleted by nasal oxygen. A systolic thrill and holosystolic murmur are heard along the left sternal border. An echocardiogram reveals a...
Truncus aeriosus refers to a common trunk for the origin of the aoa, pulmonary aeries and coronary aeries. It results from absent or incomplete paitioning of the truncus aeriosus by the spiral septum during development. Most infants with persistent truncus aeriosus have torrential pulmonary blood flow, which leads to h...
4
Atrial septal defect
Coarctation of aoa, preductal
Patent ductus aeriosus
Truncus aeriosus
Pathology
Cardiac disorders
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multi
prophylaxis for Pneumocystis carinii is indicated in HIV positive patents When CD4 count is-
Low CD4 count correlated with risk of PCP (p < 0.0001); 79% had CD4 counts less than 100/microl and 95% had CD4 counts less than 200/microl. Bacterial pneumonia has been linked to several HIV-related factors, including CD4 counts, having an uncontrolled viral load, and not being on antiretroviral therapy. HIV-positive ...
2
<300 cells/mm3
< 200 cells / mm3
< 100 cells/mm3
< 50 cells / mm3
Medicine
Infection
a7d937b5-0a4b-4c68-8e93-e4b0d74ab5f5
single
index finger infection spreads to -
Ans. is 'a' i.e., Thenar space o Thenar space communicates w'ith the index finger while the mid palmar space communicates with the middle, ring and little fingers.o Thus infection of index finger leads to thenar space infection while the infection of middle, ring or little finger leads to mid palmar space infection.Fea...
1
Thenar space
Mid palmar space
Hypothenar space
Flexion space
Orthopaedics
Management In Orthopedics
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single
Acute appendicitis is best diagnosed by -
null
2
History
Physical examination
X-ray abdomen
Ba meal
Medicine
null
b28caa9b-0ae8-4ea2-addf-76fc73e080ab
single
All are clinical features of chalcosis except
Dalen - fuch's nodules are formed due to proliferation of the pigment epithelium ----- sympathetic ophthalmitis.
4
Kayser - Fleischer ring
Sun - flower cataract
Deposition of golden plaques at the posterior pole
Dalen- fuch's nodules.
Ophthalmology
null
d0165435-9190-451d-999f-8e8e0596b44b
multi
Bidextrous grip is seen at what age?
Ans. A. 4 monthsFINE MOTOR MILESTONES: AgeMilestone4 monthsBidextrous reach6 monthsUnidextrous reach9 monthsImmature pincer grasp12monthsMature pincer grasp15monthsImitates scribbling, tower of 2 blocks18monthsScribbles, tower of 3 blocks2 yearsTower of 6 blocks, veical & circular stroke3 yearsTower of 9 blocks, copies...
1
4 months
5 months
6 months
7 months
Pediatrics
null
e78e2365-89f3-427d-a951-82876bf39f99
single
A victim of Tsunami has difficulty in overcoming the experience. She still recollects the happening in dreams and thoughts. The most likely diagnosis is
PTSD is characterised by recurrent and intrusive recollections of the stressful event, either in flashbacks (images, thoughts, or perceptions) and/or in dreams. There is an associated sense of re-experiencing of the stressful event. There is marked avoidance of the events or situations that arouse recollections of the ...
1
Post traumatic stress disorder
Conversion disorder
Panic disorder
Phobia
Psychiatry
Anxiety disorders stress disorders and grief
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single
A tumor has the following characteristic retrobulbar location within the muscle cone, well defined capsule, presents with slowly progressive proptosis, easily resectable, occurs most commonly in the 2nd to 4th decade. Most likely diagnosis is -
Ref: Clinical ophthalmology 5th/e p.670 *Cavernous hemangioma is the most common benign, intraconal tumor in adults. *Hemangiopericytoma is also retrobulbar intraconal lesion found in adults but is a rare tumor. Moreover owing to its tendency to invade the adjacent tissues, its margins are less distinct than cavernous ...
2
Capillary hemangioma
Cavernous hemangioma
Lymhangioma
Hemangiopericytome
Ophthalmology
Diseases of orbit, Lids and lacrimal apparatus
82f52bd9-9d86-4880-bd37-5e126fc39c3f
single
For Status epilepticus, treatment of choice is: September 2012
Ans. D i.e. Lorazepam
4
Ethosuximide
Sodium valproate
Lamotrigine
Lorazepam
Medicine
null
eca703b2-c8ec-4ddf-9185-3408795e9219
single
All are subjective tests for audiometry except:
(b) Impedance audiometry(Ref. Scott Brown, 6th ed., Vol 2; 2/12/1)Impedance audiometry is an objective test. It does not require the cooperation of patient.Other objective audiometry tests are; OAEs, Electrocochleography and BERA
2
Tone decay
Impedance audiometry
Speech audiometry
Pure tone audiometry
ENT
Hearing Loss
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multi
The mesial surface of the crown is almost parallel to long axis and the root of a:
null
4
Maxillary 1st premolar
Mandibular 2nd Premolar
Maxillary canine
Mandibular canine
Dental
null
564f1c25-6740-4039-b44e-67676960268f
multi
Tonic neck relfex is lost in lesion of -
Ans. is 'c' i.e., Medulla
3
Cerebral coex
Midbrain
Medulla
Spinal cord
Physiology
null
2e4474c3-a6a1-4ac7-b7f1-29d595a093b1
single
More than 90% patients of CREST syndrome with the limited cutaneous form of this disorder make which of the following autoantibodies?
All forms of scleroderma are thought to have a strong autoimmune component, and glucocoicoids and azathioprine are used to suppress the inflammatory complications of scleroderma. (Other drugs that can be used in therapy include penicillamine, which inhibits collagen cross-linking, NSAIDS for pain, and ACE inhibitors to...
1
Anti-centromere
Anti-DNA topoisomerase l
Anti-double-stranded DNA
Anti-Golgi
Pathology
null
b54af3d2-b60d-4f99-9ea6-bffc15fe5cc0
single
Name of mumps vaccine is
Widely used live attenuated mumps vaccine include the jeryl Lynn, RIT 4385, Leningrad-3, L-Zagreb and Urable strains. The current mumps strain (jeryl Lynn) has the lowest associated incidence of post-vaccine aseptic meningitis.
1
Jeryl Lynn
Edmonshon Zagreb
Schwatz
Moraten
Social & Preventive Medicine
Epidemiology
d3ce95e3-cc52-483b-9ef1-7004bd2bc26e
single
Sacro-Iliac joint involvement is common in which condition?
(A) Ankylosing spondylitis # ANKYLOSING SPONDYLITIS (AS, from Greek ankylos, crooked; spondylos, vertebrae; -itis, inflammation), previously known as Bekhterev's disease, Bekhterev syndrome, and Marie-Strumpell disease, is a chronic inflammatory disease of the axial skeleton with variable involvement of peripheral join...
1
Ankylosing spondylitis
Rheumatoid arthritis
Reiter's syndrome
Osteoarthritis
Orthopaedics
Miscellaneous
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single
Infertility issues with leiomyoma can be addressed by
GnRH agonist treatment is approved for treating infertility associated with fibroid uterus.
3
Combined oral contraceptive pills
DMPA
GnRH agonist
Ulipristal
Gynaecology & Obstetrics
null
df6a272b-7829-430a-8a33-e4699311c2f7
single
An adult male sustained accidental burns and died 1 hour later. Which of the following enzymes will be increased in the burn area?
Answer: a) ATPase (KS NARAYAN REDDY 33rd ED P-327)In antemortem burns, skin adjacent to the burnt area will show increase in the following enzymes after certain time intervalEnzymeAge of wounds (hour)ATPases1Esterases1Aminopeptidases2Acid phosphatase4Alkaline phosphatase8
1
ATPase
Aminopeptidase
Acid phosphatase
Alkaline phosphatase
Forensic Medicine
Injuries
55c0de7e-7d82-443c-94a9-f92be029d521
single
Recommended daily dietary requirment of folate (folic acid) in children ?
Ans. is 'a' i.e., 80-120 mg Recommended daily allowances of folic acid are:- Healthy adults - 200 micro gm.(mcg) Pregnancy - 500 mcg Lactation - 300 mcg Children - 80-120 mcg
1
80-120 mg
200 mg
400 mg
600 mg
Social & Preventive Medicine
null
71486f22-c9b4-4b95-aafb-bdc9ac5e5ac6
single
Alcohol dependence is seen which of the following phase
Ans. is 'a' i.e. Oral PhasePsychiatric disorders resulting from fixation of regression to this phase* Oral phase (Birth 1 Vx year)* Alcohol dependence or drug dependence* Severe mood disorder* Dependent personality traits and disorders* Schizophrenia* Ana! phase* Obsessive compulsive traits* Obsessive compulsive disord...
1
Oral
Phallic
Anal
Latency
Psychiatry
Substance Abuse
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multi
CAMP acts through:
A i.e., Activation of protein kinase
1
Activation of protein kinase
Activation of adenylate cyclase
Ca2+ release.
All
Physiology
null
85ee024c-012e-4424-90f1-e37da3395ab2
multi
A four-fold increase in the titre obtained in Weil- Felix reaction is diagnostic of -
In weil-felix test, host antibodies to various rickettsial species cause agglutination of Proteus bacteria because they cross-react with bacterial cell surface antigens. Reference: Harrison20th edition pg 1011
1
Rickettsial infection
Fungal infection
Spirochetal infection
Viral infection
Medicine
Infection
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single
The diameter of Tricuspid orifice is
ValveDiameter of OrificePulmonary2.5cmAoic2.5cmMitral3cmTricuspid4cmRef: BD Chaurasia; Volume 1; 6th edition; Table 18.1
4
2cm
2.5cm
3cm
4cm
Anatomy
Thorax
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single
Most common cause of hirsutism in a teenage girl:
As explained earlier PCOD is the most common cause of hirsutism. PCOD most common affects teenage girls (15–25 years). Therefore, In teenage girls most common cause of hirsutism is PCOD.
1
Ovarian disease
Pheochromocytoma
Obesity
Adrenogenital syndrome
Gynaecology & Obstetrics
null
656853e5-84ee-4e79-bdb7-9eab31cda926
single
CSF is stored at:Kerala 11
Ans. 4degC
1
4degC
-20degC
Room temperature
-70degC
Forensic Medicine
null
71c1c672-d240-46ee-a51f-1012f7a35ec1
single
Gastrosplenic ligament is derived from?
ANSWER: (C) Dorsal mesogastriumREF: Langman's Medical Embryology 9th edition 293The gastrosplenic ligament (ligamentum gastrosplenicum or gastrolienal ligament) is part of the greater omentum. Embryonically the gastrosplenic ligament is derived from the dorsal mesogastrium. The gastrosplenic ligament is made of periton...
3
Splenic artery
Splenic vein
Dorsal mesogastrium
Ventral mesogastrium
Anatomy
Abdomen & Pelvis
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single
A 59-year-old male is found to have a 3.5-cm mass in the right upper lobe of his lung. A biopsy of this mass is diagnosed as a moderately differentiated squamous cell carcinoma. Workup reveals that no bone metastases are present, but laboratory examination reveals that the man's serum calcium levels are 11.5 mg/dL. Thi...
Symptoms not caused by either local or metastatic effects of tumors are called paraneoplastic syndromes. Bronchogenic carcinomas are associated with the development of many different types of paraneoplastic syndromes. These syndromes are usually associated with the secretion of ceain substances by the tumor cells. For ...
3
Parathyroid hormone
Calcitonin
Parathyroid hormone-related peptide
Calcitonin-related peptide
Pathology
miscellaneous
88524b08-bbae-42ef-9cc8-35ea7d85a948
single
Crossing over, true is;
Crossing over is the exchange of genetic material between non sister chromatids of homologous chromosomes occuring during pachytene stage of prophase I of meiosis.Recombination of genes in the same chromosome is brought about by crossing over. Ref: PRINCIPLES OF GENETICS, By Eldon John Gardner, Michael J. Simmons, D. P...
2
Occurs during diplotene stage
Between non sister chromatids of homologous chromosomes
Between sister chromatids of homologous chromosomes
Between non homologous chromosomes sister chromatids
Biochemistry
null
a2593ea3-4ab0-4355-b501-29349059e474
multi
Bloom Richardson grading -
Ans. is 'a' i.e., Carcinoma breasto Bloom Richardson Grading and its variants are used to grade breast cancers.
1
Carcinoma breast
Carcinoma lung
Carcinoma prostate
Cercinoma ovary
Pathology
Breast
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single
Which among the following is FALSE about congenital toxoplasmosis?
Negative IgM with positive IgG indicates past infection. The presence of IgM antibody (which does not cross placenta) in the infant's circulation will diagnose congenital toxoplasmosis. The double sandwich IgA-ELISA is more sensitive than the IgM-ELISA for detecting congenital infection in the fetus and newborn. The me...
3
IgA is better than IgM in detection
Diagnosed by detection of IgM in cord blood
IgG is diagnostic
Not recalled
Microbiology
null
a1c3aa81-681e-4a77-b2e4-0ac271869746
multi
Superior suprarenal aery originates from:
Inferior phrenic aery
3
Abdominal aoa
Renal aery
Inferior phrenic aery
Splenic aery
Anatomy
null
2f982a95-4801-4c7b-b40b-3e6e6bdfa0b6
single