id stringlengths 24 24 | title stringclasses 442
values | context stringlengths 151 3.71k | question stringlengths 1 25.7k | answers dict |
|---|---|---|---|---|
59fc2ce3a9fb160018f10dc1 | Communication | The first major model for communication was introduced by Claude Shannon and Warren Weaver for Bell Laboratories in 1949 The original model was designed to mirror the functioning of radio and telephone technologies. Their initial model consisted of three primary parts: sender, channel, and receiver. The sender was the ... | In 1945 the first communication model was introduced for what company? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
59fc2ce3a9fb160018f10dc2 | Communication | The first major model for communication was introduced by Claude Shannon and Warren Weaver for Bell Laboratories in 1949 The original model was designed to mirror the functioning of radio and telephone technologies. Their initial model consisted of three primary parts: sender, channel, and receiver. The sender was the ... | What had two primary parts of a sender and a receiver? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
59fc2ce3a9fb160018f10dc3 | Communication | The first major model for communication was introduced by Claude Shannon and Warren Weaver for Bell Laboratories in 1949 The original model was designed to mirror the functioning of radio and telephone technologies. Their initial model consisted of three primary parts: sender, channel, and receiver. The sender was the ... | The channel was where one could hear what? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
59fc2ce3a9fb160018f10dc4 | Communication | The first major model for communication was introduced by Claude Shannon and Warren Weaver for Bell Laboratories in 1949 The original model was designed to mirror the functioning of radio and telephone technologies. Their initial model consisted of three primary parts: sender, channel, and receiver. The sender was the ... | Shannon and Bell recognized that what interfered with listening to a telephone conversation? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
59fc2ce3a9fb160018f10dc5 | Communication | The first major model for communication was introduced by Claude Shannon and Warren Weaver for Bell Laboratories in 1949 The original model was designed to mirror the functioning of radio and telephone technologies. Their initial model consisted of three primary parts: sender, channel, and receiver. The sender was the ... | Warren Shannon and Claude Weaver worked for whom? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
57097302ed30961900e84174 | Communication | In a simple model, often referred to as the transmission model or standard view of communication, information or content (e.g. a message in natural language) is sent in some form (as spoken language) from an emisor/ sender/ encoder to a destination/ receiver/ decoder. This common conception of communication simply view... | A simple model is also referred to as what? | {
"text": [
"transmission model"
],
"answer_start": [
44
]
} |
57097302ed30961900e84175 | Communication | In a simple model, often referred to as the transmission model or standard view of communication, information or content (e.g. a message in natural language) is sent in some form (as spoken language) from an emisor/ sender/ encoder to a destination/ receiver/ decoder. This common conception of communication simply view... | What kind of message is sent in a simple model? | {
"text": [
"a message in natural language"
],
"answer_start": [
127
]
} |
57097302ed30961900e84176 | Communication | In a simple model, often referred to as the transmission model or standard view of communication, information or content (e.g. a message in natural language) is sent in some form (as spoken language) from an emisor/ sender/ encoder to a destination/ receiver/ decoder. This common conception of communication simply view... | In what form is the information or content sent in a simple model? | {
"text": [
"spoken language"
],
"answer_start": [
183
]
} |
57097302ed30961900e84177 | Communication | In a simple model, often referred to as the transmission model or standard view of communication, information or content (e.g. a message in natural language) is sent in some form (as spoken language) from an emisor/ sender/ encoder to a destination/ receiver/ decoder. This common conception of communication simply view... | How is information sent through a simple model? | {
"text": [
"from an emisor/ sender/ encoder"
],
"answer_start": [
200
]
} |
57097302ed30961900e84178 | Communication | In a simple model, often referred to as the transmission model or standard view of communication, information or content (e.g. a message in natural language) is sent in some form (as spoken language) from an emisor/ sender/ encoder to a destination/ receiver/ decoder. This common conception of communication simply view... | What are the strengths of the simple model? | {
"text": [
"simplicity, generality, and quantifiability"
],
"answer_start": [
417
]
} |
59fc36eaa9fb160018f10dcb | Communication | In a simple model, often referred to as the transmission model or standard view of communication, information or content (e.g. a message in natural language) is sent in some form (as spoken language) from an emisor/ sender/ encoder to a destination/ receiver/ decoder. This common conception of communication simply view... | What are the weaknesses of this model? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
59fc36eaa9fb160018f10dcc | Communication | In a simple model, often referred to as the transmission model or standard view of communication, information or content (e.g. a message in natural language) is sent in some form (as spoken language) from an emisor/ sender/ encoder to a destination/ receiver/ decoder. This common conception of communication simply view... | Claude Weaver did what based on those elements? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
59fc36eaa9fb160018f10dcd | Communication | In a simple model, often referred to as the transmission model or standard view of communication, information or content (e.g. a message in natural language) is sent in some form (as spoken language) from an emisor/ sender/ encoder to a destination/ receiver/ decoder. This common conception of communication simply view... | A complex model is a message sent from an emisor/ sender/ encoder to a what? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
59fc36eaa9fb160018f10dce | Communication | In a simple model, often referred to as the transmission model or standard view of communication, information or content (e.g. a message in natural language) is sent in some form (as spoken language) from an emisor/ sender/ encoder to a destination/ receiver/ decoder. This common conception of communication simply view... | What type of message is sent in a complex model? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
59fc36eaa9fb160018f10dcf | Communication | In a simple model, often referred to as the transmission model or standard view of communication, information or content (e.g. a message in natural language) is sent in some form (as spoken language) from an emisor/ sender/ encoder to a destination/ receiver/ decoder. This common conception of communication simply view... | Who invented this model? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
570979ba200fba1400368043 | Communication | In a slightly more complex form a sender and a receiver are linked reciprocally. This second attitude of communication, referred to as the constitutive model or constructionist view, focuses on how an individual communicates as the determining factor of the way the message will be interpreted. Communication is viewed a... | How are the sender and receiver connected in a slightly more complex form of communication model? | {
"text": [
"reciprocally"
],
"answer_start": [
67
]
} |
570979ba200fba1400368044 | Communication | In a slightly more complex form a sender and a receiver are linked reciprocally. This second attitude of communication, referred to as the constitutive model or constructionist view, focuses on how an individual communicates as the determining factor of the way the message will be interpreted. Communication is viewed a... | What is the model of communication in which the sender and receiver are connected reciprocally called? | {
"text": [
"constitutive model or constructionist view"
],
"answer_start": [
139
]
} |
570979ba200fba1400368045 | Communication | In a slightly more complex form a sender and a receiver are linked reciprocally. This second attitude of communication, referred to as the constitutive model or constructionist view, focuses on how an individual communicates as the determining factor of the way the message will be interpreted. Communication is viewed a... | What is communication viewed as? | {
"text": [
"a conduit"
],
"answer_start": [
322
]
} |
570979ba200fba1400368046 | Communication | In a slightly more complex form a sender and a receiver are linked reciprocally. This second attitude of communication, referred to as the constitutive model or constructionist view, focuses on how an individual communicates as the determining factor of the way the message will be interpreted. Communication is viewed a... | What is something that may alter the intended meaning of a message? | {
"text": [
"different regional traditions"
],
"answer_start": [
625
]
} |
570979ba200fba1400368047 | Communication | In a slightly more complex form a sender and a receiver are linked reciprocally. This second attitude of communication, referred to as the constitutive model or constructionist view, focuses on how an individual communicates as the determining factor of the way the message will be interpreted. Communication is viewed a... | What is something that may cause the reception and decoding of the content of a message to be faulty? | {
"text": [
"communication noise"
],
"answer_start": [
755
]
} |
59fc3e7ba9fb160018f10ddf | Communication | In a slightly more complex form a sender and a receiver are linked reciprocally. This second attitude of communication, referred to as the constitutive model or constructionist view, focuses on how an individual communicates as the determining factor of the way the message will be interpreted. Communication is viewed a... | Code books are represented in what? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
59fc3e7ba9fb160018f10de0 | Communication | In a slightly more complex form a sender and a receiver are linked reciprocally. This second attitude of communication, referred to as the constitutive model or constructionist view, focuses on how an individual communicates as the determining factor of the way the message will be interpreted. Communication is viewed a... | The first attitude of communication is referred to as what? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
59fc3e7ba9fb160018f10de1 | Communication | In a slightly more complex form a sender and a receiver are linked reciprocally. This second attitude of communication, referred to as the constitutive model or constructionist view, focuses on how an individual communicates as the determining factor of the way the message will be interpreted. Communication is viewed a... | Occasionally instances of communication are called what? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
59fc3e7ba9fb160018f10de2 | Communication | In a slightly more complex form a sender and a receiver are linked reciprocally. This second attitude of communication, referred to as the constitutive model or constructionist view, focuses on how an individual communicates as the determining factor of the way the message will be interpreted. Communication is viewed a... | A sender or receiver's what never varies regardless of culture or gender? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
59fc3e7ba9fb160018f10de3 | Communication | In a slightly more complex form a sender and a receiver are linked reciprocally. This second attitude of communication, referred to as the constitutive model or constructionist view, focuses on how an individual communicates as the determining factor of the way the message will be interpreted. Communication is viewed a... | A person's age may change a sender or receiver's what? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
57097c1c200fba1400368061 | Communication | Communication is observed within the plant organism, i.e. within plant cells and between plant cells, between plants of the same or related species, and between plants and non-plant organisms, especially in the root zone. Plant roots communicate with rhizome bacteria, fungi, and insects within the soil. These interacti... | What is a form of communication observed within plants? | {
"text": [
"between plant cells"
],
"answer_start": [
81
]
} |
57097c1c200fba1400368062 | Communication | Communication is observed within the plant organism, i.e. within plant cells and between plant cells, between plants of the same or related species, and between plants and non-plant organisms, especially in the root zone. Plant roots communicate with rhizome bacteria, fungi, and insects within the soil. These interacti... | What part of a plant communicates with rhizome bacteria, fungi, and insects within the soil? | {
"text": [
"roots"
],
"answer_start": [
228
]
} |
57097c1c200fba1400368063 | Communication | Communication is observed within the plant organism, i.e. within plant cells and between plant cells, between plants of the same or related species, and between plants and non-plant organisms, especially in the root zone. Plant roots communicate with rhizome bacteria, fungi, and insects within the soil. These interacti... | How are the plant roots able to communicate with rhizome bacteria, fungi, and insects within the soil? | {
"text": [
"the decentralized \"nervous system\" of plants"
],
"answer_start": [
427
]
} |
57097c1c200fba1400368064 | Communication | Communication is observed within the plant organism, i.e. within plant cells and between plant cells, between plants of the same or related species, and between plants and non-plant organisms, especially in the root zone. Plant roots communicate with rhizome bacteria, fungi, and insects within the soil. These interacti... | What is the meaning of the word neuron in Greek? | {
"text": [
"vegetable fiber"
],
"answer_start": [
528
]
} |
57097c1c200fba1400368065 | Communication | Communication is observed within the plant organism, i.e. within plant cells and between plant cells, between plants of the same or related species, and between plants and non-plant organisms, especially in the root zone. Plant roots communicate with rhizome bacteria, fungi, and insects within the soil. These interacti... | How do plants communicate to warn nearby plants of danger? | {
"text": [
"via volatiles"
],
"answer_start": [
677
]
} |
59fc2657a9fb160018f10dad | Communication | Communication is observed within the plant organism, i.e. within plant cells and between plant cells, between plants of the same or related species, and between plants and non-plant organisms, especially in the root zone. Plant roots communicate with rhizome bacteria, fungi, and insects within the soil. These interacti... | The plants leaves communicates with what in the soil? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
59fc2657a9fb160018f10dae | Communication | Communication is observed within the plant organism, i.e. within plant cells and between plant cells, between plants of the same or related species, and between plants and non-plant organisms, especially in the root zone. Plant roots communicate with rhizome bacteria, fungi, and insects within the soil. These interacti... | This centralized system makes plant interactions possible? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
59fc2657a9fb160018f10daf | Communication | Communication is observed within the plant organism, i.e. within plant cells and between plant cells, between plants of the same or related species, and between plants and non-plant organisms, especially in the root zone. Plant roots communicate with rhizome bacteria, fungi, and insects within the soil. These interacti... | The Hebrew word for 'neuron' is what? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
59fc2657a9fb160018f10db0 | Communication | Communication is observed within the plant organism, i.e. within plant cells and between plant cells, between plants of the same or related species, and between plants and non-plant organisms, especially in the root zone. Plant roots communicate with rhizome bacteria, fungi, and insects within the soil. These interacti... | During herbivory attack behavior what doesn't allow plants to communicate? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
59fc2657a9fb160018f10db1 | Communication | Communication is observed within the plant organism, i.e. within plant cells and between plant cells, between plants of the same or related species, and between plants and non-plant organisms, especially in the root zone. Plant roots communicate with rhizome bacteria, fungi, and insects within the soil. These interacti... | What can't plants overwrite when they are stressed? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
57097de3200fba1400368087 | Communication | Theories of coregulation describe communication as a creative and dynamic continuous process, rather than a discrete exchange of information. Canadian media scholar Harold Innis had the theory that people use different types of media to communicate and which one they choose to use will offer different possibilities for... | What describes communication as creative and dynamic rather than discrete? | {
"text": [
"Theories of coregulation"
],
"answer_start": [
0
]
} |
57097de3200fba1400368088 | Communication | Theories of coregulation describe communication as a creative and dynamic continuous process, rather than a discrete exchange of information. Canadian media scholar Harold Innis had the theory that people use different types of media to communicate and which one they choose to use will offer different possibilities for... | Who theorized that the types of media people use to communicate will offer different possibilities for the shape of society? | {
"text": [
"Harold Innis"
],
"answer_start": [
165
]
} |
57097de3200fba1400368089 | Communication | Theories of coregulation describe communication as a creative and dynamic continuous process, rather than a discrete exchange of information. Canadian media scholar Harold Innis had the theory that people use different types of media to communicate and which one they choose to use will offer different possibilities for... | What ancient civilization did Harold Innis use as an example of his theory? | {
"text": [
"Egypt"
],
"answer_start": [
424
]
} |
57097de3200fba140036808a | Communication | Theories of coregulation describe communication as a creative and dynamic continuous process, rather than a discrete exchange of information. Canadian media scholar Harold Innis had the theory that people use different types of media to communicate and which one they choose to use will offer different possibilities for... | What did Harold Innis call papyrus? | {
"text": [
"Space Binding"
],
"answer_start": [
566
]
} |
57097de3200fba140036808b | Communication | Theories of coregulation describe communication as a creative and dynamic continuous process, rather than a discrete exchange of information. Canadian media scholar Harold Innis had the theory that people use different types of media to communicate and which one they choose to use will offer different possibilities for... | What did Space Binding make possible for the ancient Egyptian civilizations? | {
"text": [
"transmission of written orders across space, empires"
],
"answer_start": [
603
]
} |
59fc4121a9fb160018f10de9 | Communication | Theories of coregulation describe communication as a creative and dynamic continuous process, rather than a discrete exchange of information. Canadian media scholar Harold Innis had the theory that people use different types of media to communicate and which one they choose to use will offer different possibilities for... | Wark and McKenzie had a theory that people use different types of what to communicate? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
59fc4121a9fb160018f10dea | Communication | Theories of coregulation describe communication as a creative and dynamic continuous process, rather than a discrete exchange of information. Canadian media scholar Harold Innis had the theory that people use different types of media to communicate and which one they choose to use will offer different possibilities for... | Ancient Rome was the famous example of the theory of whom? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
59fc4121a9fb160018f10deb | Communication | Theories of coregulation describe communication as a creative and dynamic continuous process, rather than a discrete exchange of information. Canadian media scholar Harold Innis had the theory that people use different types of media to communicate and which one they choose to use will offer different possibilities for... | Using the media to water, people can change and shape communication where? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
59fc4121a9fb160018f10dec | Communication | Theories of coregulation describe communication as a creative and dynamic continuous process, rather than a discrete exchange of information. Canadian media scholar Harold Innis had the theory that people use different types of media to communicate and which one they choose to use will offer different possibilities for... | Describing communication as a creative but not a dynamic continuous process is the definition of what? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
59fc4121a9fb160018f10ded | Communication | Theories of coregulation describe communication as a creative and dynamic continuous process, rather than a discrete exchange of information. Canadian media scholar Harold Innis had the theory that people use different types of media to communicate and which one they choose to use will offer different possibilities for... | Using the same media for communication will offer possibilities for what? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
57097f61ed30961900e8422c | Communication | Companies with limited resources may choose to engage in only a few of these activities, while larger organizations may employ a full spectrum of communications. Since it is difficult to develop such a broad range of skills, communications professionals often specialize in one or two of these areas but usually have at ... | Why do communications professionals typically specialize in only one or two areas of communication? | {
"text": [
"it is difficult to develop such a broad range of skills"
],
"answer_start": [
168
]
} |
57097f61ed30961900e8422d | Communication | Companies with limited resources may choose to engage in only a few of these activities, while larger organizations may employ a full spectrum of communications. Since it is difficult to develop such a broad range of skills, communications professionals often specialize in one or two of these areas but usually have at ... | What is one of the most important qualifications for a communications professional to have? | {
"text": [
"excellent writing ability"
],
"answer_start": [
450
]
} |
57097f61ed30961900e8422e | Communication | Companies with limited resources may choose to engage in only a few of these activities, while larger organizations may employ a full spectrum of communications. Since it is difficult to develop such a broad range of skills, communications professionals often specialize in one or two of these areas but usually have at ... | What kind of companies may engage in only a few types of communications? | {
"text": [
"Companies with limited resources"
],
"answer_start": [
0
]
} |
57097f61ed30961900e8422f | Communication | Companies with limited resources may choose to engage in only a few of these activities, while larger organizations may employ a full spectrum of communications. Since it is difficult to develop such a broad range of skills, communications professionals often specialize in one or two of these areas but usually have at ... | Good people skills is a qualification that is important to what profession? | {
"text": [
"communications"
],
"answer_start": [
405
]
} |
59fc1bffa9fb160018f10d8f | Communication | Companies with limited resources may choose to engage in only a few of these activities, while larger organizations may employ a full spectrum of communications. Since it is difficult to develop such a broad range of skills, communications professionals often specialize in one or two of these areas but usually have at ... | It is not necessary to have critical and strategical thinking abilities to do what job? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
59fc1bffa9fb160018f10d90 | Communication | Companies with limited resources may choose to engage in only a few of these activities, while larger organizations may employ a full spectrum of communications. Since it is difficult to develop such a broad range of skills, communications professionals often specialize in one or two of these areas but usually have at ... | All companies or organizations employ a full spectrum of what? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
59fc1bffa9fb160018f10d91 | Communication | Companies with limited resources may choose to engage in only a few of these activities, while larger organizations may employ a full spectrum of communications. Since it is difficult to develop such a broad range of skills, communications professionals often specialize in one or two of these areas but usually have at ... | One of the least important qualifications to be a communications professional is what? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
59fc1bffa9fb160018f10d92 | Communication | Companies with limited resources may choose to engage in only a few of these activities, while larger organizations may employ a full spectrum of communications. Since it is difficult to develop such a broad range of skills, communications professionals often specialize in one or two of these areas but usually have at ... | Who is always able to master a broad range of skills? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
59fc1bffa9fb160018f10d93 | Communication | Companies with limited resources may choose to engage in only a few of these activities, while larger organizations may employ a full spectrum of communications. Since it is difficult to develop such a broad range of skills, communications professionals often specialize in one or two of these areas but usually have at ... | Besides excellent writing abilities and good 'people' skills, all company employees should have what other skill? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
57096282200fba1400367f1f | Grape | Grapes are a type of fruit that grow in clusters of 15 to 300, and can be crimson, black, dark blue, yellow, green, orange, and pink. "White" grapes are actually green in color, and are evolutionarily derived from the purple grape. Mutations in two regulatory genes of white grapes turn off production of anthocyanins, w... | What color are white grapes? | {
"text": [
"green"
],
"answer_start": [
162
]
} |
57096282200fba1400367f20 | Grape | Grapes are a type of fruit that grow in clusters of 15 to 300, and can be crimson, black, dark blue, yellow, green, orange, and pink. "White" grapes are actually green in color, and are evolutionarily derived from the purple grape. Mutations in two regulatory genes of white grapes turn off production of anthocyanins, w... | What gene makes grapes purple? | {
"text": [
"anthocyanins"
],
"answer_start": [
305
]
} |
57096282200fba1400367f21 | Grape | Grapes are a type of fruit that grow in clusters of 15 to 300, and can be crimson, black, dark blue, yellow, green, orange, and pink. "White" grapes are actually green in color, and are evolutionarily derived from the purple grape. Mutations in two regulatory genes of white grapes turn off production of anthocyanins, w... | What shape do grapes usually resemble? | {
"text": [
"prolate spheroid"
],
"answer_start": [
583
]
} |
57096282200fba1400367f22 | Grape | Grapes are a type of fruit that grow in clusters of 15 to 300, and can be crimson, black, dark blue, yellow, green, orange, and pink. "White" grapes are actually green in color, and are evolutionarily derived from the purple grape. Mutations in two regulatory genes of white grapes turn off production of anthocyanins, w... | What type of food are grapes? | {
"text": [
"fruit"
],
"answer_start": [
21
]
} |
57096282200fba1400367f23 | Grape | Grapes are a type of fruit that grow in clusters of 15 to 300, and can be crimson, black, dark blue, yellow, green, orange, and pink. "White" grapes are actually green in color, and are evolutionarily derived from the purple grape. Mutations in two regulatory genes of white grapes turn off production of anthocyanins, w... | How many grapes are generally in a cluster? | {
"text": [
"15 to 300"
],
"answer_start": [
52
]
} |
5709644d200fba1400367f3b | Grape | The cultivation of the domesticated grape began 6,000–8,000 years ago in the Near East. Yeast, one of the earliest domesticated microorganisms, occurs naturally on the skins of grapes, leading to the innovation of alcoholic drinks such as wine. The earliest archeological evidence for a dominant position of wine-making ... | How long ago were grapes first cultivated? | {
"text": [
"6,000–8,000 years ago"
],
"answer_start": [
48
]
} |
5709644d200fba1400367f3c | Grape | The cultivation of the domesticated grape began 6,000–8,000 years ago in the Near East. Yeast, one of the earliest domesticated microorganisms, occurs naturally on the skins of grapes, leading to the innovation of alcoholic drinks such as wine. The earliest archeological evidence for a dominant position of wine-making ... | What microorganisms are naturally found on a grapes skin? | {
"text": [
"Yeast"
],
"answer_start": [
88
]
} |
5709644d200fba1400367f3d | Grape | The cultivation of the domesticated grape began 6,000–8,000 years ago in the Near East. Yeast, one of the earliest domesticated microorganisms, occurs naturally on the skins of grapes, leading to the innovation of alcoholic drinks such as wine. The earliest archeological evidence for a dominant position of wine-making ... | Where is the oldest know winery located? | {
"text": [
"Armenia"
],
"answer_start": [
407
]
} |
5709644d200fba1400367f3e | Grape | The cultivation of the domesticated grape began 6,000–8,000 years ago in the Near East. Yeast, one of the earliest domesticated microorganisms, occurs naturally on the skins of grapes, leading to the innovation of alcoholic drinks such as wine. The earliest archeological evidence for a dominant position of wine-making ... | What city is Syrah red wine believed to have been named after? | {
"text": [
"Shiraz"
],
"answer_start": [
627
]
} |
5709644d200fba1400367f3f | Grape | The cultivation of the domesticated grape began 6,000–8,000 years ago in the Near East. Yeast, one of the earliest domesticated microorganisms, occurs naturally on the skins of grapes, leading to the innovation of alcoholic drinks such as wine. The earliest archeological evidence for a dominant position of wine-making ... | How do we know that wine was made in ancient Egypt? | {
"text": [
"hieroglyphics"
],
"answer_start": [
733
]
} |
570970f4ed30961900e84146 | Grape | Comparing diets among Western countries, researchers have discovered that although the French tend to eat higher levels of animal fat, the incidence of heart disease remains low in France. This phenomenon has been termed the French paradox, and is thought to occur from protective benefits of regularly consuming red win... | What do people in France eat more of that in most western countries? | {
"text": [
"animal fat"
],
"answer_start": [
123
]
} |
570970f4ed30961900e84147 | Grape | Comparing diets among Western countries, researchers have discovered that although the French tend to eat higher levels of animal fat, the incidence of heart disease remains low in France. This phenomenon has been termed the French paradox, and is thought to occur from protective benefits of regularly consuming red win... | What kind of the wine is regularly consumed by the French? | {
"text": [
"red wine"
],
"answer_start": [
313
]
} |
570970f4ed30961900e84148 | Grape | Comparing diets among Western countries, researchers have discovered that although the French tend to eat higher levels of animal fat, the incidence of heart disease remains low in France. This phenomenon has been termed the French paradox, and is thought to occur from protective benefits of regularly consuming red win... | What is the phenomenon that shows that the French have less heart disease, even though they eat more animal fat? | {
"text": [
"the French paradox"
],
"answer_start": [
221
]
} |
570970f4ed30961900e84149 | Grape | Comparing diets among Western countries, researchers have discovered that although the French tend to eat higher levels of animal fat, the incidence of heart disease remains low in France. This phenomenon has been termed the French paradox, and is thought to occur from protective benefits of regularly consuming red win... | What is a potential health benefit from drinking alcohol? | {
"text": [
"vasodilation"
],
"answer_start": [
415
]
} |
5709720ded30961900e84162 | Grape | Grape juice is obtained from crushing and blending grapes into a liquid. The juice is often sold in stores or fermented and made into wine, brandy, or vinegar. Grape juice that has been pasteurized, removing any naturally occurring yeast, will not ferment if kept sterile, and thus contains no alcohol. In the wine indus... | What juice is made when grapes are crushed and blended? | {
"text": [
"Grape juice"
],
"answer_start": [
0
]
} |
5709720ded30961900e84163 | Grape | Grape juice is obtained from crushing and blending grapes into a liquid. The juice is often sold in stores or fermented and made into wine, brandy, or vinegar. Grape juice that has been pasteurized, removing any naturally occurring yeast, will not ferment if kept sterile, and thus contains no alcohol. In the wine indus... | What kind of grapes are made into vinegar? | {
"text": [
"fermented"
],
"answer_start": [
110
]
} |
5709720ded30961900e84164 | Grape | Grape juice is obtained from crushing and blending grapes into a liquid. The juice is often sold in stores or fermented and made into wine, brandy, or vinegar. Grape juice that has been pasteurized, removing any naturally occurring yeast, will not ferment if kept sterile, and thus contains no alcohol. In the wine indus... | What is the most common grape used to make juice in North America? | {
"text": [
"Concord grapes"
],
"answer_start": [
491
]
} |
5709720ded30961900e84165 | Grape | Grape juice is obtained from crushing and blending grapes into a liquid. The juice is often sold in stores or fermented and made into wine, brandy, or vinegar. Grape juice that has been pasteurized, removing any naturally occurring yeast, will not ferment if kept sterile, and thus contains no alcohol. In the wine indus... | What are Sultana grapes known as in California? | {
"text": [
"Thompson Seedless"
],
"answer_start": [
710
]
} |
5709720ded30961900e84166 | Grape | Grape juice is obtained from crushing and blending grapes into a liquid. The juice is often sold in stores or fermented and made into wine, brandy, or vinegar. Grape juice that has been pasteurized, removing any naturally occurring yeast, will not ferment if kept sterile, and thus contains no alcohol. In the wine indus... | What types of grapes are commonly used to make white grape juice? | {
"text": [
"Niagara grapes"
],
"answer_start": [
553
]
} |
57097981ed30961900e841b8 | Grape | Red wine may offer health benefits more so than white because potentially beneficial compounds are present in grape skin, and only red wine is fermented with skins. The amount of fermentation time a wine spends in contact with grape skins is an important determinant of its resveratrol content. Ordinary non-muscadine re... | What type of wine is fermented with grape skin? | {
"text": [
"red wine"
],
"answer_start": [
131
]
} |
57097981ed30961900e841b9 | Grape | Red wine may offer health benefits more so than white because potentially beneficial compounds are present in grape skin, and only red wine is fermented with skins. The amount of fermentation time a wine spends in contact with grape skins is an important determinant of its resveratrol content. Ordinary non-muscadine re... | What type of wine is fermented after the grapes skin has been removed? | {
"text": [
"white wine"
],
"answer_start": [
494
]
} |
57097981ed30961900e841ba | Grape | Red wine may offer health benefits more so than white because potentially beneficial compounds are present in grape skin, and only red wine is fermented with skins. The amount of fermentation time a wine spends in contact with grape skins is an important determinant of its resveratrol content. Ordinary non-muscadine re... | What substance is absorbed by wine when grapes are fermented with their skins? | {
"text": [
"resveratrol"
],
"answer_start": [
466
]
} |
57097981ed30961900e841bb | Grape | Red wine may offer health benefits more so than white because potentially beneficial compounds are present in grape skin, and only red wine is fermented with skins. The amount of fermentation time a wine spends in contact with grape skins is an important determinant of its resveratrol content. Ordinary non-muscadine re... | What type of wine is believed to have more health benefits? | {
"text": [
"Red wine"
],
"answer_start": [
0
]
} |
57097b59ed30961900e841e8 | Grape | Commercially cultivated grapes can usually be classified as either table or wine grapes, based on their intended method of consumption: eaten raw (table grapes) or used to make wine (wine grapes). While almost all of them belong to the same species, Vitis vinifera, table and wine grapes have significant differences, br... | What are grapes that are eaten raw classified as? | {
"text": [
"table grapes"
],
"answer_start": [
147
]
} |
57097b59ed30961900e841e9 | Grape | Commercially cultivated grapes can usually be classified as either table or wine grapes, based on their intended method of consumption: eaten raw (table grapes) or used to make wine (wine grapes). While almost all of them belong to the same species, Vitis vinifera, table and wine grapes have significant differences, br... | What are grapes that are used to make wine classified as? | {
"text": [
"wine grapes"
],
"answer_start": [
183
]
} |
57097b59ed30961900e841ea | Grape | Commercially cultivated grapes can usually be classified as either table or wine grapes, based on their intended method of consumption: eaten raw (table grapes) or used to make wine (wine grapes). While almost all of them belong to the same species, Vitis vinifera, table and wine grapes have significant differences, br... | What specie are table grapes and wine grapes? | {
"text": [
"Vitis vinifera"
],
"answer_start": [
250
]
} |
57097b59ed30961900e841eb | Grape | Commercially cultivated grapes can usually be classified as either table or wine grapes, based on their intended method of consumption: eaten raw (table grapes) or used to make wine (wine grapes). While almost all of them belong to the same species, Vitis vinifera, table and wine grapes have significant differences, br... | What Classification of grapes are typically large and seedless? | {
"text": [
"Table grape"
],
"answer_start": [
360
]
} |
57097b59ed30961900e841ec | Grape | Commercially cultivated grapes can usually be classified as either table or wine grapes, based on their intended method of consumption: eaten raw (table grapes) or used to make wine (wine grapes). While almost all of them belong to the same species, Vitis vinifera, table and wine grapes have significant differences, br... | What percentage of a wine grape is sugar when it is harvested? | {
"text": [
"approximately 24%"
],
"answer_start": [
717
]
} |
57097d78200fba140036807d | Grape | In the Bible, grapes are first mentioned when Noah grows them on his farm (Genesis 9:20–21). Instructions concerning wine are given in the book of Proverbs and in the book of Isaiah, such as in Proverbs 20:1 and Isaiah 5:20–25. Deuteronomy 18:3–5,14:22–27,16:13–15 tell of the use of wine during Jewish feasts. Grapes we... | When are grapes first mentioned in the Bible? | {
"text": [
"Genesis 9:20–21"
],
"answer_start": [
75
]
} |
57097d78200fba140036807e | Grape | In the Bible, grapes are first mentioned when Noah grows them on his farm (Genesis 9:20–21). Instructions concerning wine are given in the book of Proverbs and in the book of Isaiah, such as in Proverbs 20:1 and Isaiah 5:20–25. Deuteronomy 18:3–5,14:22–27,16:13–15 tell of the use of wine during Jewish feasts. Grapes we... | Who was the Greek and Roman god of agriculture? | {
"text": [
"Dionysus"
],
"answer_start": [
401
]
} |
57097d78200fba140036807f | Grape | In the Bible, grapes are first mentioned when Noah grows them on his farm (Genesis 9:20–21). Instructions concerning wine are given in the book of Proverbs and in the book of Isaiah, such as in Proverbs 20:1 and Isaiah 5:20–25. Deuteronomy 18:3–5,14:22–27,16:13–15 tell of the use of wine during Jewish feasts. Grapes we... | Whose blood do grapes usually represent in Christian art? | {
"text": [
"Christ"
],
"answer_start": [
751
]
} |
57097d78200fba1400368080 | Grape | In the Bible, grapes are first mentioned when Noah grows them on his farm (Genesis 9:20–21). Instructions concerning wine are given in the book of Proverbs and in the book of Isaiah, such as in Proverbs 20:1 and Isaiah 5:20–25. Deuteronomy 18:3–5,14:22–27,16:13–15 tell of the use of wine during Jewish feasts. Grapes we... | Which book of the Bible talks about the use of wine during Jewish feasts? | {
"text": [
"Deuteronomy"
],
"answer_start": [
228
]
} |
57097d78200fba1400368081 | Grape | In the Bible, grapes are first mentioned when Noah grows them on his farm (Genesis 9:20–21). Instructions concerning wine are given in the book of Proverbs and in the book of Isaiah, such as in Proverbs 20:1 and Isaiah 5:20–25. Deuteronomy 18:3–5,14:22–27,16:13–15 tell of the use of wine during Jewish feasts. Grapes we... | Who in the Bible first grew grapes on their farm? | {
"text": [
"Noah"
],
"answer_start": [
46
]
} |
570983a2200fba14003680f3 | Grape | There are several sources of the seedlessness trait, and essentially all commercial cultivators get it from one of three sources: Thompson Seedless, Russian Seedless, and Black Monukka, all being cultivars of Vitis vinifera. There are currently more than a dozen varieties of seedless grapes. Several, such as Einset See... | How many seedless grape sources are there for commercial cultivators? | {
"text": [
"three"
],
"answer_start": [
115
]
} |
570983a2200fba14003680f4 | Grape | There are several sources of the seedlessness trait, and essentially all commercial cultivators get it from one of three sources: Thompson Seedless, Russian Seedless, and Black Monukka, all being cultivars of Vitis vinifera. There are currently more than a dozen varieties of seedless grapes. Several, such as Einset See... | How many varieties of seedless grapes are there? | {
"text": [
"more than a dozen"
],
"answer_start": [
245
]
} |
570983a2200fba14003680f5 | Grape | There are several sources of the seedlessness trait, and essentially all commercial cultivators get it from one of three sources: Thompson Seedless, Russian Seedless, and Black Monukka, all being cultivars of Vitis vinifera. There are currently more than a dozen varieties of seedless grapes. Several, such as Einset See... | What species of grape are grown by Thompson Seedless? | {
"text": [
"Vitis vinifera"
],
"answer_start": [
209
]
} |
570983a2200fba14003680f6 | Grape | There are several sources of the seedlessness trait, and essentially all commercial cultivators get it from one of three sources: Thompson Seedless, Russian Seedless, and Black Monukka, all being cultivars of Vitis vinifera. There are currently more than a dozen varieties of seedless grapes. Several, such as Einset See... | What type of climate are Benjamin Gunnels's Prime seedless grapes specifically cultivated for? | {
"text": [
"cold"
],
"answer_start": [
468
]
} |
570983a2200fba14003680f7 | Grape | There are several sources of the seedlessness trait, and essentially all commercial cultivators get it from one of three sources: Thompson Seedless, Russian Seedless, and Black Monukka, all being cultivars of Vitis vinifera. There are currently more than a dozen varieties of seedless grapes. Several, such as Einset See... | What species of grape are grown by Black Monukka? | {
"text": [
"Vitis vinifera"
],
"answer_start": [
209
]
} |
570985f3200fba1400368139 | Grape | Anthocyanins tend to be the main polyphenolics in purple grapes whereas flavan-3-ols (i.e. catechins) are the more abundant phenolic in white varieties. Total phenolic content, a laboratory index of antioxidant strength, is higher in purple varieties due almost entirely to anthocyanin density in purple grape skin compa... | What are the most abundant polyphenolics in purple grapes? | {
"text": [
"Anthocyanins"
],
"answer_start": [
0
]
} |
570985f3200fba140036813a | Grape | Anthocyanins tend to be the main polyphenolics in purple grapes whereas flavan-3-ols (i.e. catechins) are the more abundant phenolic in white varieties. Total phenolic content, a laboratory index of antioxidant strength, is higher in purple varieties due almost entirely to anthocyanin density in purple grape skin compa... | What is the main phenolic in white grapes? | {
"text": [
"flavan-3-ols"
],
"answer_start": [
72
]
} |
570985f3200fba140036813b | Grape | Anthocyanins tend to be the main polyphenolics in purple grapes whereas flavan-3-ols (i.e. catechins) are the more abundant phenolic in white varieties. Total phenolic content, a laboratory index of antioxidant strength, is higher in purple varieties due almost entirely to anthocyanin density in purple grape skin compa... | What is the laboratory index of antioxidant strength in grapes known as? | {
"text": [
"Total phenolic content"
],
"answer_start": [
153
]
} |
570985f3200fba140036813c | Grape | Anthocyanins tend to be the main polyphenolics in purple grapes whereas flavan-3-ols (i.e. catechins) are the more abundant phenolic in white varieties. Total phenolic content, a laboratory index of antioxidant strength, is higher in purple varieties due almost entirely to anthocyanin density in purple grape skin compa... | What content of a grapes skin can be affected by soil composition, climate, and cultivation practices? | {
"text": [
"Phenolic content"
],
"answer_start": [
488
]
} |
570985f3200fba140036813d | Grape | Anthocyanins tend to be the main polyphenolics in purple grapes whereas flavan-3-ols (i.e. catechins) are the more abundant phenolic in white varieties. Total phenolic content, a laboratory index of antioxidant strength, is higher in purple varieties due almost entirely to anthocyanin density in purple grape skin compa... | Why causes antioxidant strength to be higher in purple grapes? | {
"text": [
"anthocyanins"
],
"answer_start": [
338
]
} |
57098884ed30961900e842b8 | Grape | The Catholic Church uses wine in the celebration of the Eucharist because it is part of the tradition passed down through the ages starting with Jesus Christ at the Last Supper, where Catholics believe the consecrated bread and wine literally become the body and blood of Jesus Christ, a dogma known as transubstantiatio... | What church uses wine to celebrate the Eucharist? | {
"text": [
"The Catholic Church"
],
"answer_start": [
0
]
} |
57098884ed30961900e842b9 | Grape | The Catholic Church uses wine in the celebration of the Eucharist because it is part of the tradition passed down through the ages starting with Jesus Christ at the Last Supper, where Catholics believe the consecrated bread and wine literally become the body and blood of Jesus Christ, a dogma known as transubstantiatio... | When was Jesus Christ known to have used wine in celebration? | {
"text": [
"the Last Supper"
],
"answer_start": [
161
]
} |
57098884ed30961900e842ba | Grape | The Catholic Church uses wine in the celebration of the Eucharist because it is part of the tradition passed down through the ages starting with Jesus Christ at the Last Supper, where Catholics believe the consecrated bread and wine literally become the body and blood of Jesus Christ, a dogma known as transubstantiatio... | Where in the Code of Canon Law does it say that wine must be natural and not corrupt? | {
"text": [
"Canon 924"
],
"answer_start": [
516
]
} |
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