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Answer the question based on the following context: Patient specific guides (PSG) have been reported to improve overall component alignment in total knee arthroplasty (TKA). With more surgeons likely to consider this method of TKA in the future, this study was performed to establish whether there is a learning curve wi... | Question: Total knee arthroplasty using patient-specific guides: Is there a learning curve? | This study suggests that there is a minimal learning curve with operative time associated with use of PSG in TKA. This study was unable to detect a significant learning curve with regards to restoration of mechanical knee alignment with the use of PSG in TKA. |
Answer the question based on the following context: To assess the rate of canine eruption in alveolar clefts repaired with cancellous autograft versus cancellous autograft mixed with allograft. This was a retrospective cohort study of patients in mixed dentition who underwent primary repair of uni- or bilateral alveola... | Question: Is Canine Eruption Velocity Affected by the Presence of Allograft Within a Repaired Alveolar Cleft? | The use of allograft bone to augment bone graft volume results in similar rates of canine eruption compared with autograft bone alone. |
Answer the question based on the following context: Anterior clinoid region meningiomas may infiltrate the bone over which they arise, therefore requiring an anterior clinoidectomy to achieve a Simpson grade 1 resection. A clinoidectomy, however, is not without risks. We performed a study of diagnostic accuracy investi... | Question: Can Preoperative Imaging Predict Tumor Involvement of the Anterior Clinoid in Clinoid Region Meningiomas? | Preoperative imaging of clinoid region meningiomas can accurately predict the presence or absence of tumor involvement of the clinoid in only approximately 75% of cases. In light of the fact that a quarter of patients with radiographically negative clinoids will have tumor present on pathological analysis, we recommend... |
Answer the question based on the following context: Parkinson's disease (PD) increases the risk of care-dependency (CDP). While motor functions worsen continuously, the assignment of patients to CDP occurs categorically. It is unknown how many patients are already sufficiently severely impaired to be categorised as CDP... | Question: Care-Dependency in Parkinson's Disease: More Frequent than Assumed? | ADL impairments are the most important predictor for CDP while dementia and depression are not considered despite the impairments that are additionally caused by them. |
Answer the question based on the following context: Almost half of all children in South Asia are stunted. Although agriculture has the potential to be a strong driver of undernutrition reduction and serves as the main source of livelihood for over half of South Asia's population, its potential to reduce undernutrition... | Question: Is There an Enabling Environment for Nutrition-Sensitive Agriculture in South Asia? | Although there are different ways in which South Asian agriculture can improve its impact on nutrition, sensitizing key influencers to the importance of nutrition for the health of a country's population appears as a critical issue. This should in turn serve as the premise for political commitment, intersectoral coordi... |
Answer the question based on the following context: Acute renal failure following cardiac surgery is not uncommon and carries a high level of morbidity and mortality. The aim of our study was to determine whether perioperative sodium bicarbonate infusion (POSBI) would decrease acute kidney injury in cardiac surgery pat... | Question: RENAL PROTECTION IN THE CARDIAC SURGERY PATIENT: PERI-OPERATIVE SODIUM BICARBONATE INFUSION (POSBI) OR NOT? | POSBI resulted in fewer patients developing AKIN stage 1 renal failure. Despite this, there appears to be little benefit in the prevention of acute kidney injury after 48 hours or mortality reduction in cardiac surgery patients. |
Answer the question based on the following context: There is no clear consensus on whether antenatal screening for hepatitis C (HCV) should be universal, or based on an assessment of risk factors.AIM: To report the HCV status and risk factors for HCV amongst women delivering at a tertiary metropolitan hospital in order... | Question: Antenatal screening for hepatitis C: Universal or risk factor based? | Most women testing positive for HCV antibodies have identifiable risk factors; however, a small number will not be detected if a risk factor based screening approach is adopted. The benefits of universal screening must be weighed against the potential cost savings of a risk factor based screening program. |
Answer the question based on the following context: Rosacea is an inflammatory skin disease with a chronic course. In the past, the association between rosacea and smoking was examined only in a few studies. The objective of this study is to investigate the prevalence and the influence of smoking in rosacea patients. T... | Question: Is the effect of smoking on rosacea still somewhat of a mystery? | While a significantly increased risk of developing rosacea among smokers was observed in this study, ETR seems to be the disease of active smokers. Further studies are required for better understanding of the association between rosacea and smoking. |
Answer the question based on the following context: Case management services have been implemented in suicide prevention programs. To investigate whether case management is an effective strategy for reducing the risks of repeated suicide attempts and completed suicides in a city with high suicide rates in northern Taiw... | Question: Is Case Management Effective for Long-Lasting Suicide Prevention? | Findings suggest that case management services might not reduce the risks of suicide repetition among suicide survivors during long-term follow-up. Future investigation is warranted to determine factors impacting the downward trend of suicide rates. |
Answer the question based on the following context: Computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are the main imaging modalities used for analysis of adrenal lesions. We compared the ability of CT and MRI to detect and characterize benign adrenal lesions. Unenhanced abdominal CT and MRI were performed ... | Question: Should we use CT or MRI for detection and characterization of benign adrenal lesions? | CT has higher sensitivity for detection of small adrenal tumours and adrenal hyperplasia than MRI. MRI is an important tool in characterization of adrenal masses that could not be characterized using unenhanced CT. |
Answer the question based on the following context: Pediatric burns research has increasingly been recognized as a sub-specialty of its own. The aim of this study was to assess and analyze the publication patterns of the pediatric burns literature over the last six decades. A search strategy for the Web of Science data... | Question: Pediatric burns research: A history or an evolution? | Pediatric burns research has evolved from an associated, dispersed entity into a consolidated sub-specialty that has been successfully integrated into mainstream burns journals. |
Answer the question based on the following context: The uneven distribution of allied health professionals (AHPs) in rural and remote Australia and other countries is well documented. In Australia, like elsewhere, service delivery to rural and remote communities is complicated because relatively small numbers of client... | Question: Should I stay or should I go? | This study allowed the identification of factors that contribute to AHPs' employment decisions about staying and working in a rural area. This information can improve job designs in rural areas to increase retention. |
Answer the question based on the following context: To study a new technique for cleaning microcatheters for reuse after NBCA embolization ("NBCA"), and to evaluate the clinical reusability of microcatheters that were cleaned with gelatin sponge particles after NBCA. Four cleaning solution flushes for microcatheters af... | Question: Can microcatheters be cleaned for reuse after NBCA embolization? | Applying the new cleaning technique utilizing gelatin sponge particles to microcatheters after NBCA ensures that they are clean enough to be reused. |
Answer the question based on the following context: We evaluate the level of anxiety and depression among patients with spinal cord injury (SCI) in relation with their religious coping and spiritual health. Brain and Spinal Cord Injury Repair Research Center, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Science... | Question: Does religious coping and spirituality have a moderating role on depression and anxiety in patients with spinal cord injury? | The findings indicated that depression and anxiety are two psychologically important side effects after SCI. The findings also indicated that religion and spiritual well-being have a moderating role on occurrence of depression and anxiety. |
Answer the question based on the following context: To describe our robot-assisted nephroureterectomy (RNU) technique for benign indications and RNU with en bloc excision of bladder cuff (BCE) and lymphadenectomy (LND) for malignant indications using the da Vinci Si and da Vinci Xi robotic platform, with its pros and c... | Question: Does transition from the da Vinci Si to Xi robotic platform impact single-docking technique for robot-assisted laparoscopic nephroureterectomy? | RNU alone or with LND-BCE is a challenging surgical procedure that addresses the upper and lower urinary tract simultaneously. Single docking and single robotic port placement for RNU-LND-BCE has evolved with the development of different generations of the robotic system. These procedures can be performed safely and ef... |
Answer the question based on the following context: With a focus on raising the quality of hernia care through creation of educational programs, SAGES formed the Hernia Task Force (HTF). This study used needs assessment survey to target opportunities for improving surgical training and thus patient outcomes and experie... | Question: Raising the quality of hernia care: Is there a need? | Major reported deficits in hernia care include: lack of standardization in training and care, "one size fits all" technical approach and inadequate patient follow-up/outcome measures. There is a need for a comprehensive, flexible and tailored educational program to equip surgeons and their teams to raise the quality of... |
Answer the question based on the following context: Sympatric speciation is today generally viewed as plausible, and some well-supported examples exist, but its relative contribution to biodiversity remains to be established. We here quantify geographic overlap of sister species of heliconiine butterflies, and use age-... | Question: Extensive range overlap between heliconiine sister species: evidence for sympatric speciation in butterflies? | Unlike birds and mammals, sister species of heliconiines are often sympatric and our inferences using the most recent comparative methods suggest that sympatric speciation is common. However, if sister species spread rapidly into sympatry (e.g. due to their similar climatic niches), then assumptions underlying our meth... |
Answer the question based on the following context: This is the first randomized controlled multicenter trial to evaluate the effect of two treatments of maternal attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) on response to parent-child training targeting children's external psychopathology. Mother-child dyads (n = 1... | Question: Does intensive multimodal treatment for maternal ADHD improve the efficacy of parent training for children with ADHD? | The response in children's externalizing psychopathology did not differ between maternal treatment groups. However, multimodal treatment was associated with more improvement in maternal ADHD. Child and maternal treatment gains were stable (CCT-ISRCTN73911400). |
Answer the question based on the following context: Studies show that stroke survivors typically have lower life satisfaction than persons who have not been diagnosed with stroke. To determine if significant differences in life satisfaction exist between stroke survivors with and without functional limitations and whet... | Question: Does type of disability and participation in rehabilitation affect satisfaction of stroke survivors? | Rehabilitation focused on addressing these functional limitations would increase life satisfaction for persons diagnosed with stroke. Future research on specific types of cognitive and daily living limitations would assist policy makers and referral sources in making appropriate referrals to rehabilitation. |
Answer the question based on the following context: To evaluate the diagnostic value of the 3rd hour plasma glucose level in the 100 g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). Records of all pregnant patients with abnormal 50 g glucose challenge test (GCT) between January 2005 and December 2013 were reviewed (n=1963). The 1... | Question: Is omitting the 3rd hour measurement in the 100 g oral glucose tolerance test feasible? | Omitting 3rd hour plasma glucose measurement in 100 g OGTT results in unacceptable rates of underdiagnosed patients. |
Answer the question based on the following context: Surgeons often have concerns about whether to place screws in narrow pedicles for correction of scoliosis. The aim of this study was to use pedicle channel grades based on preoperative CT to evaluate pedicle screw placement in posterior surgery for adolescent idiopath... | Question: Evaluation of pedicle screw placement by pedicle channel grade in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: should we challenge narrow pedicles? | The failure rate of screw placement was 31.5 % for a cortical channel with a pedicle inner diameter of<1 mm. Screw placement should be attempted in pedicles with an inner diameter of 1 mm or larger. |
Answer the question based on the following context: To evaluate patient satisfaction in outpatient pediatric surgical care and assess differences in scores by race/ethnicity and socioeconomic status (SES). Observational, cross-sectional analysis. Outpatient pediatric surgical specialty clinics at a tertiary academic ce... | Question: Does Race/Ethnicity or Socioeconomic Status Influence Patient Satisfaction in Pediatric Surgical Care? | This is the first study to evaluate the relationship between SES and race/ethnicity with patient satisfaction in outpatient pediatric surgical specialty care. In this analysis, no disparities were identified in the patient experience by individual- or community-level factors. Although the survey methodologies may be li... |
Answer the question based on the following context: To analyze the utility of intraoperative parathyroid hormone (IOPTH) monitoring for patients with primary hyperparathyroidism who had evidence of single-gland disease on preoperative imaging with modified 4-dimensional computed tomography that was done in conjunction ... | Question: Is Intraoperative Parathyroid Hormone Monitoring Warranted in Cases of 4D-CT/Ultrasound Localized Single Adenomas? | Although IOPTH monitoring correctly identifies a small percentage of patients with multigland disease, some patients will be subjected to unnecessary neck explorations that can result in difficult intraoperative decisions, such as whether to remove normal or equivocal-sized glands when they are encountered. |
Answer the question based on the following context: Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is an aggressive disease with genetic heterogeneity and discrete clinical subtypes. MCL is rarely CD10 positive. These cases raise the question whether a subset of MCL may be germinal centre (GC) derived, and have distinct clinicopathologica... | Question: CD10-positive mantle cell lymphoma: biologically distinct entity or an aberrant immunophenotype? | This study provides convincing evidence that CD10 expression is related to a distinct GC signature in MCL cases, but without clinical or biological implications. |
Answer the question based on the following context: The standard treatment for locally advanced cervical cancer (LACC) is concomitant chemoradiotherapy. In the majority of patients with LACC after properly executed concomitant chemoradiotherapy local control of the disease is achieved, and consequently distant relapse ... | Question: Adjuvant Chemotherapy in Locally Advanced Cervical Cancer After Treatment with Concomitant Chemoradiotherapy--Room for Improvement? | Consolidation or adjuvant chemotherapy that follows concomitant chemoradiotherapy has a potential role in further improving control of the disease, especially distant control of the disease. |
Answer the question based on the following context: Fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) hyperintense vessels (FHVs) have been used to assess leptomeningeal collateral flow in acute ischemic stroke. However, prior FHVs studies showed inconsistent results, which may be ascribable to different magnetic resonance (... | Question: Can FLAIR hyperintense vessel (FHV) signs be influenced by varying MR parameters and flow velocities? | Flow velocities, FA of refocusing pulse, TE, and PROPELLER technique significantly affected the degree of FHVs. Optimized MR parameters should be used consistently in future studies, which may provide more reliable results. |
Answer the question based on the following context: Social deprivation impacts on healthcare outcomes but is not included in the majority of cardiac surgery risk prediction models. The objective was to investigate geographical variations in social deprivation of patients undergoing cardiac surgery and identify whether ... | Question: Is social deprivation an independent predictor of outcomes following cardiac surgery? | Significant regional variation exists in the social deprivation of patients undergoing cardiac surgery in England. Social deprivation is associated with an increased risk of in-hospital mortality and reduced midterm survival. These findings have implications for health service provision, risk prediction models and anal... |
Answer the question based on the following context: Understanding the meaning of one's lived experiences improves one's understanding of what it means to be human, in association with the social, cultural and historical context in which being a human occurs. The authors in this study describe the lived experiences of r... | Question: Life within chronic care: is this a service or sentence? | Findings of this study may be valuable in understanding and facilitating a positive change in service delivery within chronic care centres. |
Answer the question based on the following context: Anatomic measures of injury burden provide key information for studies of prehospital and in-hospital trauma care. The military version of the Abbreviated Injury Scale [AIS(M)] is used to score injuries in deployed military hospitals. Estimates of total trauma burden ... | Question: Interobserver Variability in Injury Severity Scoring After Combat Trauma: Different Perspectives, Different Values? | There are discrepancies in the recording of AIS(M) between surgeons directly involved in the care of trauma casualties and trauma nurse coordinators working by retrospective chart review. Increased accuracy might be achieved by actively collaborating in this process. |
Answer the question based on the following context: Cystic fibrosis (CF) patients are predisposed to infection and colonization with different microbes. Some cause deterioration of lung functions, while others are colonizers without clear pathogenic effects. Our aim was to understand the effects of Nocardia species in ... | Question: Nocardia Colonization: A Risk Factor for Lung Deterioration in Cystic Fibrosis Patients? | The prognosis of lung disease in CF patients colonized with Nocardia does not seem to differ based on the persistence of growth on cultures, different treatment plans or risk factors. Apparently, Nocardia does not cause a deterioration of lung functions with time. However, it may show a trend to faster decline in PFTs ... |
Answer the question based on the following context: Quality report cards have been shown to be effective in influencing patients' referrals and promoting quality improvement in some instances and not others. In this study, we investigate one of the mechanisms that may detract from their effectiveness: voluntary versus ... | Question: Does mandating nursing home participation in quality reporting make a difference? | Report cards are more effective if nursing homes' participation is mandated. Nonmandatory reporting systems, as those implemented by some states and professional associations, lead to missed opportunities for quality improvements. |
Answer the question based on the following context: Low cancer awareness may contribute to delayed diagnosis and poor cancer survival. We aimed to quantify socio-demographic differences in cancer symptom awareness and barriers to symptomatic presentation in the English population. Using a uniquely large data set (n=49 ... | Question: Cancer symptom awareness and barriers to symptomatic presentation in England--are we clear on cancer? | Large and robust socio-demographic differences in recognition of some cancer symptoms, and perception of some barriers to presentation, highlight the need for targeted campaigns to encourage early presentation and improve cancer outcomes. |
Answer the question based on the following context: Both Moyamoya disease (MMD) and intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis (ICAS) are more prevalent in Asians than in Westerners. We hypothesized that a substantial proportion of patients with adult-onset MMD were misclassified as having ICAS, which may in part explain th... | Question: Adult Moyamoya Disease: A Burden of Intracranial Stenosis in East Asians? | Careful consideration of MMD is needed when diagnosing ICAS because differential therapeutic strategies are required for these diseases and due to the limitations of the current diagnostic criteria for MMD. |
Answer the question based on the following context: Left ventricular non-compaction (LVNC) is a rare cardiac disorder characterized by prominent trabeculae and deep recesses of the ventricular myocardium. Patients with LVNC may develop severe congestive heart failure refractory to medical therapy. However, heart transp... | Question: First series of mechanical circulatory support in non-compaction cardiomyopathy: Is LVAD implantation a safe alternative? | LVAD implantation in LVNC can be performed with low intrahospital complication rates. However, we observed a high incidence of pump thrombosis during follow-up, possibly related to thromboembolic predisposition by the underlying LVNC. Therefore, careful management of anticoagulation appears to be critical in these pati... |
Answer the question based on the following context: To assess prenatal counseling practices of obstetrics providers related to postpartum pelvic floor dysfunction at centers with integrated urogynecology services. A cross-sectional survey was distributed to obstetrical providers through urogynecology colleagues. The su... | Question: Do Obstetrical Providers, Counsel Women About Postpartum Pelvic Floor Dysfunction? | Prenatal counseling of pelvic floor dysfunction risk is lacking at all levels of obstetrical training. Limitations of time and information are the obstacles most often cited by providers. |
Answer the question based on the following context: To measure the effects of real-time visualisation during urethrocystoscopy on pain in patients who underwent ambulatory urethrocystoscopy. An observational study was designed. From June 2012 to June 2013 patients who had ambulatory urethrocystoscopy participated in th... | Question: Does visualisation during urethrocystoscopy provide pain relief? | Visualisation during urethrocystoscopy procedures in general does not significantly decrease pain in patients. Nevertheless, men who undergo flexible urethrocystoscopy should be offered to watch their procedure in real-time on a video screen. To make urethrocystoscopy less painful for both genders, especially for women... |
Answer the question based on the following context: Arthralgia is a common toxicity among women taking aromatase inhibitors (AIs) and can lead to premature discontinuation of therapy. We evaluated the association between arthralgia, co-morbid fatigue and/or insomnia, and inflammatory biomarkers among women taking AIs. ... | Question: Arthralgia among women taking aromatase inhibitors: is there a shared inflammatory mechanism with co-morbid fatigue and insomnia? | Among women taking AIs, the coexistence of arthralgia, fatigue, and insomnia was associated with increased levels of inflammatory biomarkers (elevated CRP, eotaxin, MCP-1, and VDBP). These findings suggest a possible shared inflammatory mechanism underlying these common symptoms. |
Answer the question based on the following context: Fifty-eight patients undergoing 3 T phased-array coil magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) including diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI; maximal b-value 1000 s/mm(2)) before prostatectomy were included. Two radiologists independently evaluated the images, unaware of the hist... | Question: Does normalisation improve the diagnostic performance of apparent diffusion coefficient values for prostate cancer assessment? | In contrast to prior studies performing unblinded evaluations, ADC was observed to outperform nADC overall for two independent observers blinded to the histopathology findings. Therefore, although strategies to improve the utility of ADC measurements in prostate cancer assessment merit continued investigation, caution ... |
Answer the question based on the following context: Ceramic-on-ceramic bearing couples are theoretically attractive in total hip arthroplasty (THA) because of low wear, but concerns regarding ceramic fracture and squeaking have arisen. Improved material properties of newer alumina matrix composite (AMC) materials, know... | Question: Do alumina matrix composite bearings decrease hip noises and bearing fractures at a minimum of 5 years after THA? | Improved material properties combined with the possible use of larger diameter heads make AMC ceramics a promising alternative bearing option with seemingly comparable clinical outcomes reported by others with conventional ceramic bearings. Despite these encouraging results, however, meticulous technical precautions su... |
Answer the question based on the following context: In its guidelines on the use of portable monitors to diagnose obstructive sleep apnoea, the American Academy of Sleep Medicine endorses home polygraphy with type III devices recording at a minimum airflow the respiratory effort and pulse oximetry, but advises against ... | Question: Type III home sleep testing versus pulse oximetry: is the respiratory disturbance index better than the oxygen desaturation index to predict the apnoea-hypopnoea index measured during laboratory polysomnography? | We conclude that the RDI and the ODI, measured at home on the same night, give similar predictions of the laboratory AHI, measured on a different night. The differences between the two methods are small compared with the reported night-to-night variation of the AHI. |
Answer the question based on the following context: The aim of this study was to investigate how early career psychiatrists in 2014 valued the leadership skill education in their training to become psychiatrists. All psychiatrists who gained Fellowship since 2009 after training in New Zealand or Australia were invited ... | Question: Are psychiatrists trained to be leaders in mental health? | Leadership skills training in the education of psychiatrists should contain both practical experience with leadership and management roles and formal teaching sessions on leadership and management skills development. Suggestions for improvement of the leadership and management skills education in the training of psychi... |
Answer the question based on the following context: The aim of this study was to assess diagnostic values of insulin tolerance test (ITT), glucagon stimulation test (GST), and insulin like growth factor-I (IGF-I) level, to find optimal GH cut-off values for GST, and to evaluate efficiencies of patient age, gender, body... | Question: Can a glucagon stimulation test characterized by lower GH cut-off value be used for the diagnosis of growth hormone deficiency in adults? | Patient age, IGF-I, BMI, and number of PHDs are efficient factors associated with the diagnosis of GHD. A 4 h GST with a diagnostic GH threshold of 1.07 µg/L seems to be a good diagnostic method for GHD. |
Answer the question based on the following context: Due to the high number of total hip arthroplasties (THA) revised due to instability, the use of large femoral heads to reduce instability is justifiable. It is critical to determine whether or not large femoral heads used in conjunction with thin polyethylene liners l... | Question: Is the use of thin, highly cross-linked polyethylene liners safe in total hip arthroplasty? | Our results suggest that according to a mean follow-up of 4 years, the use of thin liners in THA is promising. Longer follow-up is required to assess whether these outcomes are observed later. |
Answer the question based on the following context: This study investigates whether the type, nature or amount of polysubstance use can explain the increased risk of non-fatal overdose among people who inject drugs with severe psychological distress. Data came from three years (2011-2013) of the Illicit Drug Reporting ... | Question: Can differences in the type, nature or amount of polysubstance use explain the increased risk of non-fatal overdose among psychologically distressed people who inject drugs? | The types of polysubstance use profiles did not differ between people who inject drugs with and without severe psychological distress. However, the nature of use of one particular polysubstance profile placed the former group at a strongly increased risk of non-fatal overdose, while the nature of polysubstance use invo... |
Answer the question based on the following context: Although recent evidence suggests worse outcomes for patients admitted to the hospital on a weekend, the impact of weekend discharge is less understood. Utilizing the 2012 California Office of Statewide Health Planning and Development database, the impact of weekend d... | Question: Is weekend discharge associated with hospital readmission? | Among patients in California with AMI, CHF, and PNA, discharge on a weekend was not associated with an increased hospital readmission rate. |
Answer the question based on the following context: The therapeutic efficacy of red blood cell (RBC) transfusions in patients with autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA) is highly debated because of speculations on the increased risk of transfusion reactions; yet it is a suggested adjuvant therapy in anemic patients with l... | Question: Red Blood Cell Transfusion in Patients With Autoantibodies: Is It Effective and Safe Without Increasing Hemolysis Risk? | Transfusion of the least-incompatible RBCs in AIHA patients is effective and safe without any associated increase in hemolysis risk when compared with post-transfusion patients positive for alloantibodies or those lacking RBC-specific antibodies. |
Answer the question based on the following context: Despite its medical utility, continuous cardiac output (CO) monitoring remains a practical challenge on the battlefield and in the prehospital environment. Measuring a CO surrogate, perhaps heart-rate complexity (HRC), might be a viable solution when no direct monitor... | Question: Is heart-rate complexity a surrogate measure of cardiac output before, during, and after hemorrhage in a conscious sheep model of multiple hemorrhages and resuscitation? | HRC has potential utility as a noninvasive tool for assessing the response of CO to life-threatening injuries such as hemorrhagic shock. However, further investigation and other animal models or human studies are needed. |
Answer the question based on the following context: The effects of mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) have received significant attention since the beginning of the conflicts in Afghanistan and Iraq. Surprisingly, little is known about the temporal nature of neurocognitive impairment, mTBI, and posttraumatic stress (PT... | Question: The effects of combat-related mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI): Does blast mTBI history matter? | Decreases in neurocognitive performance and increased mTBI symptoms are evident in the first 1 day to 7 days following combat-related mTBI, and a history of blast-related mTBI may influence these effects. |
Answer the question based on the following context: The objective of this study is to assess the value for money of introducing pneumococcal conjugate vaccines as part of the immunization program in a lower-middle income country, the Philippines, which is not eligible for GAVI support and lower vaccine prices. It also ... | Question: Do Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccines Represent Good Value for Money in a Lower-Middle Income Country? | The inclusion of PCV in the national immunization program is recommended. PCV13 achieved better value for money compared to PCV10. However, the affordability and sustainability of PCV implementation over the long-term should be considered by decision makers. |
Answer the question based on the following context: Effective fetal growth requires adequate maternal nutrition coupled to active transport of nutrients across the placenta, which, in turn requires ATP. Epidemiological and experimental evidence has shown that impaired maternal nutrition in utero results in an adverse p... | Question: Is Placental Mitochondrial Function a Regulator that Matches Fetal and Placental Growth to Maternal Nutrient Intake in the Mouse? | These findings reinforce the pathophysiological links between maternal diet and conceptus mitochondria, potentially contributing to metabolic programming. The quiet embryo hypothesis proposes that pre-implantation embryo survival is best served by a relatively low level of metabolism. This may extend to post-implantati... |
Answer the question based on the following context: Behavioral addictions and bipolar disorders have a certain probability of co-occurrence. While the presence of a manic episode has been defined as an exclusion criterion for gambling disorder, no such exclusion has been formulated for Internet addiction. A clinical sa... | Question: Bipolar spectrum disorders in a clinical sample of patients with Internet addiction: hidden comorbidity or differential diagnosis? | Similar to gambling disorder, it might prove necessary to subsume bipolar disorders as an exclusion criterion for the future criteria of Internet addiction. |
Answer the question based on the following context: Provocative discography, an invasive diagnostic procedure involving disc puncture with pressurization, is a test for presumptive discogenic pain in the lumbar spine. The clinical validity of this test is unproven. Data from multiple animal studies confirm that disc pu... | Question: Does provocative discography cause clinically important injury to the lumbar intervertebral disc? | The disc puncture and pressurized injection performed during provocative discography can increase the risk of clinical disc problems in exposed patients. |
Answer the question based on the following context: The ideal target of bone mineral density (BMD) measurements of the spine is the trabecula-rich vertebral body. Yet, spine BMD measurements routinely obtained with dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry also include the posterior elements of the vertebra, which are mainly co... | Question: The distribution of bone mass in the lumbar vertebrae: are we measuring the right target? | The posterior elements are the primary contributor to vertebral BMC and BMD measurements. Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry spine BMD measurements are likely to be more representative of the posterior elements than the targeted vertebral body. The findings elucidate the extent of the limitation of dual-energy X-ray abso... |
Answer the question based on the following context: The combination of left atrial appendage (LAA) occlusion with pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) potentially represents a comprehensive treatment for atrial fibrillation (AF), controlling symptoms while at the same time reducing the risk of stroke and the need for chronic... | Question: Does left atrial appendage closure improve the success of pulmonary vein isolation? | The combination of LAA closure device implantation with PVI was safe but was not observed to influence the success of PVI in patients with symptomatic refractory AF. Early AF after ablation, however, is increased by LAA closure. |
Answer the question based on the following context: To evaluate the validity and reliability of German Diagnosis Related Group administrative data to measure indicators of patient safety in comparison to clinical records. A cross-sectional study was conducted using chart review (CR) as gold standard and screening of as... | Question: Are administrative data valid when measuring patient safety in hospitals? | Indicators based on German administrative data deviate widely from indicators based on clinical data. Therefore, hospitals should be cautious to use indicators based on administrative data for quality assurance. However, some might be useful for case findings and quality improvement. The precision of the evaluated indi... |
Answer the question based on the following context: This study aimed to examine neuropsychological processing in children and adolescents with Anorexia Nervosa (AN). The relationship of clinical and demographic variables to neuropsychological functioning within the AN group was also explored. The performance of 41 chil... | Question: Do Children and Adolescents with Anorexia Nervosa Display an Inefficient Cognitive Processing Style? | Inefficient cognitive processing in the AN group was independent of clinical and demographic variables, suggesting it might represent an underlying trait for AN. The implications of these findings are discussed. |
Answer the question based on the following context: This study compares radioembolization ((90)Y) versus doxorubicin drug eluting beads (DEBDOX) in the treatment of unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma with portal vein thrombosis. Using our prospectively maintained, multi-center, non-controlled intra-arterial therapy ... | Question: Is radioembolization ((90)Y) better than doxorubicin drug eluting beads (DEBDOX) for hepatocellular carcinoma with portal vein thrombosis? | DEBDOX is safe for patients with HCC and PVT and may have lower toxicity than (90)Y. It may also provide better disease control and survival benefit. Further studies are warranted to validate our observations and to determine if current clinical practice should be altered. |
Answer the question based on the following context: To report a single centre outcome of management of Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH), a clonal disease with involvement of various body systems. Retrospective analysis of 80 pediatric LCH patients at Children Cancer Hospital-Egypt between July 2007 and December 2011... | Question: Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis (LCH) in Egyptian Children: Does Reactivation Affect the Outcome? | In a single Egyptian pediatric LCH experience, the response to treatment is satisfactory and survival remains the rule except in high risk organs disease that still needs a new molecule for salvage. However in multiple reactivations, patients do well with repetition of the 1st line of treatment with or without methotre... |
Answer the question based on the following context: The hyperdense artery sign (HAS) on CT brain scan is an assumed radiological marker of acute intra-arterial thrombotic occlusion. However, the relationship between HAS between time of stroke onset has not been adequately investigated, leading to uncertainty regarding ... | Question: Is there association between hyperdense middle cerebral artery sign on CT scan and time from stroke onset within the first 24-hours? | No evidence of a correlation between time of stroke onset and presence of a HAS within the first 24-h post acute ischaemic stroke was identified. The HAS was associated with a higher NIHSS score at presentation. |
Answer the question based on the following context: This paper aims to demonstrate if Escherichia coli pyogenic liver abscess (ECPLA) results in adverse outcomes compared to Klebsiella pneumoniae PLA (KPPLA). A retrospective review of all patients admitted at a tertiary hospital in Singapore from 2003 to 2011 was perfo... | Question: Pyogenic Liver Abscess: Does Escherichia Coli Cause more Adverse Outcomes than Klebsiella Pneumoniae? | In the setting of multimodal care, outcomes of ECPLA are comparable to KPPLA. |
Answer the question based on the following context: Despite the documented prevalence and clinical ramifications of physician distress, few rigorous studies have tested interventions to address the problem. To test the hypothesis that an intervention involving a facilitated physician small-group curriculum would result... | Question: Physician burnout: can we make a difference together? | An intervention for physicians based on a facilitated small-group curriculum improved meaning and engagement in work and reduced depersonalization, with sustained results 12 months after the study. |
Answer the question based on the following context: Sixty-two percent of patients would like their doctor to recommend a specific web site to find health information, but only 3% of patients receive such recommendations. We investigated whether providing patients with an Internet web-site link recommended by their phys... | Question: Does a Directive to an Internet Site Enhance the Doctor-Patient Interaction? | Whether the patient was given a handout or had visited the ASSH or other Internet web sites, the knowledge and satisfaction scores for all patients were similar. Since the physician was the common denominator in both groups, the results indicate that the patient-physician relationship may be more valuable than the Inte... |
Answer the question based on the following context: The aim of this study was to characterise the deaths of children from asthma in New South Wales (NSW) over the last 10 years and ascertain whether there were modifiable factors that could have prevented the deaths. The hospital medical records, coronial reports, immun... | Question: Asthma deaths in children in New South Wales 2004-2013: Could we have done more? | Improved communication and oversight between health-care providers, education and community protection agencies could reduce mortality from asthma in children. |
Answer the question based on the following context: More than one-fifth of the United Kingdom population has poor vitamin D status (serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] concentration<25 nmol/L), particularly individuals with low sun exposure or poor dietary intake. We identified the fortification vehicle and concentrati... | Question: Does fortification of staple foods improve vitamin D intakes and status of groups at risk of deficiency? | To our knowledge, this study provides new evidence that vitamin D fortification of wheat flour could be a viable option for safely improving vitamin D intakes and the status of United Kingdom population groups at risk of deficiency without increasing risk of exceeding current reference thresholds. |
Answer the question based on the following context: To evaluate the medium-term effect of epidural analgesia (EA) on the possible onset of postpartum urinary incontinence (PUI). We performed a single-centre, retrospective case-control study. At 8-week postpartum, we recruited a cohort of women who had term singleton pr... | Question: Does epidural analgesia play a role in postpartum urinary incontinence? | EA did not affect the onset of PUI in medium-term, regardless the mode of delivery. |
Answer the question based on the following context: Vaginal twin deliveries have a higher rate of intrapartum interventions. We aimed to determine whether these characteristics are associated with an increased rate of obstetric anal sphincter injuries compared with singleton. Retrospective study of all twin pregnancies... | Question: Is the risk of obstetric anal sphincter injuries increased in vaginal twin deliveries? | Despite a higher rate of intrapartum interventions, the rate of sphincter injuries is lower in twins versus singleton deliveries, mainly due to a lower gestational age at delivery. |
Answer the question based on the following context: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of diurnal variation on biochemical results of first trimester aneuploidy screening test. A total of 2725 singleton pregnant female, who had normal fetal nuchal translucency (NT) thickness, were included in the s... | Question: Does diurnal variation affect the first trimester fetal aneuploidy screening test biochemical parameters of fetuses with normal nuchal translucency? | Receiving the venous blood sample for first trimester aneuploidy screening test in the afternoon causes low PAPP-A MoM levels. |
Answer the question based on the following context: Whether the isolated VSD (i-VSD) is associated with aneuploidy to the same degree as a more severe heart anomaly is unclear. Our objective was to determine the likelihood of aneuploidy in pregnancies at a tertiary referral center when an i-VSD is detected before 24 we... | Question: Is an isolated ventricular septal defect detected before 24 weeks on ultrasound associated with fetal aneuploidy? | The presence of an i-VSD present before 24 weeks does increase the risk of fetal aneuploidy. Whether a normal serum screen or first trimester screen for aneuploidy negates the association of an i-VSD with aneuploidy still remains undetermined. |
Answer the question based on the following context: A temporary defunctioning loop ileostomy is frequently created during low colorectal or coloanal anastomosis to prevent peritoneal sepsis associated with anastomotic leakage. We investigated whether routine support bridge placement prevents stoma retraction after the ... | Question: Is the Use of a Support Bridge Beneficial for Preventing Stomal Retraction After Loop Ileostomy? | Routine use of support bridges during loop ileostomy is unnecessary and inconvenient to patients. If a support bridge must be used, it can be removed early. |
Answer the question based on the following context: To investigate the feasibility of using incontinence-associated dermatitis (IAD) tools in routine clinical practice by asking nursing home staff (RNs and non-RN caregivers) and tissue viability specialty (TVS) nurses to evaluate 3 instruments and a 4-point severity sc... | Question: Is it Feasible to Use Incontinence-Associated Dermatitis Assessment Tools in Routine Clinical Practice in the Long-term Care Setting? | Existing IAD instruments are too time-consuming and linguistically complex for use in routine clinical practice in nursing homes. We found that staff generally found the SSS easy to judge IAD severity based on pictures used in the study. This finding suggests that the SSS could be improved by adding reference photograp... |
Answer the question based on the following context: To assess the cardiovascular health, markers of cardiovascular aging and telomere length in survivors of the siege of Leningrad, who were either born during the siege or lived in the besieged city in their early childhood. Survivors of the Leningrad siege (n = 305, 64... | Question: Seventy years after the siege of Leningrad: does early life famine still affect cardiovascular risk and aging? | Early-life famine, especially started in the intrauterine period and late childhood, may contribute to accelerated aging with telomere shortening in both sexes, but has no direct effect on the prevalence of cardiovascular diseases and risk factors after seven decades since exposure. |
Answer the question based on the following context: To describe individual and aggregate outcomes for patients undergoing alcohol septal ablation (ASA) for hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy (HOCM). Retrospective case series reviewing all patients undergoing ASA at a United Kingdom tertiary referral center from 20... | Question: Alcohol Septal Ablation for Hypertrophic Obstructive Cardiomyopathy: Safe and Apparently Efficacious But Does Reporting of Aggregate Outcomes Hide Less-Favorable Results, Experienced by a Substantial Proportion of Patients? | ASA is safe, with few major complications. Aggregate outcomes are good, but can hide individual failure. There is a need to refine case selection, procedure planning, and performance to secure more uniform favorable outcomes. |
Answer the question based on the following context: Registry data for percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) are being used in New York and Massachusetts and by the American College of Cardiology to risk-adjust provider mortality rates. These registries contain very few numerical laboratory data for risk adjustment. ... | Question: Can Adding Laboratory Values Improve Risk-Adjustment Mortality Models Using Clinical Percutaneous Cardiac Intervention Registry Data? | Adding laboratory data did not significantly improve the risk-adjustment mortality models' performance and did not dramatically change the quality assessment of hospitals. The pros and cons of adding key laboratory variables to PCI registries require further evaluation. |
Answer the question based on the following context: To determine the success rate of the manovacuometry test in children between 4 and 12 years of age. Cross-sectional study involving children and adolescents from 4 to 12 years of age, enrolled in three basic education schools. All subjects had the anthropometric and r... | Question: Respiratory muscle strength test: is it realistic in young children? | The manovacuometry test showed a high success rate in both preschool and school population assessed. Furthermore, the rate of success appears to be related to aging. |
Answer the question based on the following context: In this retrospective study, a total of 482 eligible patients were divided into 2 groups: AVS present and AVS absent. All major cardiovascular risk factors and coronary lesion characteristics were included. Age was the only independent predictor of AVS. AVS was not in... | Question: Does aortic valve sclerosis predicts the severity and complexity of coronary artery disease? | AVS is probably a benign marker of age-related degenerative changes in the heart independent of the severity and complexity of CAD. |
Answer the question based on the following context: If physical impairments that are associated with poorer outcomes can be identified in people with chondrolabral hip pathology, then rehabilitation programmes that target such modifiable impairments could potentially be established to improve quality of life. The aim o... | Question: Is quality of life following hip arthroscopy in patients with chondrolabral pathology associated with impairments in hip strength or range of motion? | Hip flexion ROM and adduction strength were associated with better quality-of-life PRO scores in patients with chondrolabral pathology 12- to 24-month post-hip arthroscopy. These impairments could be targeted by clinicians designing rehabilitation programmes to this patient group. |
Answer the question based on the following context: Activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) system in depressed patients has been related to visceral adiposity. In contrast, low HPA system activity is associated with increased body fat in the general population. Our study intended to clarify whether HPA ... | Question: Hypercortisolemic Depressed Women: Lean but Viscerally Obese? | In depressed inpatients, especially women, there is evidence that activation of the HPA system is related to relatively low body weight and low body fat content. |
Answer the question based on the following context: To assess the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and survival outcomes in Korean patients with upper-tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC). A single-institutional retrospective analysis was conducted using clinical and pathological data of 445 UTUC patients who ha... | Question: Can body mass index predict survival outcomes in patients treated with radical nephroureterectomy for upper-tract urothelial carcinoma? | Our study results are inconclusive, in that, the multivariate analysis did not identify the influence of BMI on survival, although higher BMI appears clinically associated with favorable survival outcomes in Korean patients with UTUC. |
Answer the question based on the following context: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is thought to be a progressive arrhythmia, starting with short paroxysmal episodes, until eventually, it becomes permanent. Evidence for this is limited to studies with short follow-up or with minimal cardiac rhythm monitoring. We utilised the... | Question: The natural history of atrial fibrillation in patients with permanent pacemakers: is atrial fibrillation a progressive disease? | Although many patients with AF will have persistent episodes, long-term continuous pacemaker follow-up demonstrates that the majority will have a paroxysmal, as opposed to persistent, form of the arrhythmia. |
Answer the question based on the following context: Patent foramen ovale (PFO) is a common disembryogenic defect with well-attested prevalence but dubious etiopathogenetic linkage with cryptogenic stroke and different clinical conditions. Transcranial color-coded Doppler (TCCD) assures high accuracy in diagnosing right... | Question: Is the search for right-to-left shunt still worthwhile? | In addition to recently defined criteria, genetically determined inheritable traits and epidemiologic characteristics (male gender) should be taken into account when assessing PFO and related cerebrovascular risk profile. A newly defined threshold in TCCD MB count is suggested to discriminate shunts related to stroke a... |
Answer the question based on the following context: To date, there are no prospective randomized studies that compare the outcome of endoscopic repair of primary versus recurrent inguinal hernias. It is therefore now attempted to answer that key question on the basis of registry data. In total, 20,624 patients were enr... | Question: Endoscopic repair of primary versus recurrent male unilateral inguinal hernias: Are there differences in the outcome? | Comparison of perioperative and 1-year outcome for endoscopic repair of primary versus recurrent male unilateral inguinal hernia showed significant differences to the disadvantage of the recurrent operation. Therefore, endoscopic repair of recurrent inguinal hernias calls for particular competence on the part of the he... |
Answer the question based on the following context: There is an extended belief that the laparoscopic approach to left colectomy (LC) is technically more demanding and associated with more postoperative complications than to right colectomy (RC). However, there is no consensus in the literature about whether the short-... | Question: Are there differences between right and left colectomies when performed by laparoscopy? | In this large cohort of patients undergoing laparoscopic colectomy, LC carried a higher risk than RC of postoperative complications. These findings provide new data on the differences between the two surgeries. Our findings strengthen the notion that right and left colectomies have a different intraoperative and postop... |
Answer the question based on the following context: High-quality three-dimensional (3D) vision systems are now available for laparoscopic surgery and may improve surgical performance relative to two-dimensional (2D) laparoscopy. It is unclear whether 3D laparoscopy is superior to 3D robotic systems. The effect of surge... | Question: Is a robotic system really better than the three-dimensional laparoscopic system in terms of suturing performance? | Novices benefited particularly from the robot. The intermediate group completed the task equally well and equally quickly with 3D laparoscopy and the robot. The experts completed the task equally well regardless of instrument, but their times were much faster with 3D laparoscopy. Thus, well-trained laparoscopic surgeon... |
Answer the question based on the following context: General practitioners (GPs) could play a central role in preventing travel-related health issues. The aim of this study was to assess, in travellers departing to developing countries from a French airport, the proportion of individuals having sought GP counseling befo... | Question: Are French general practitioners consulted before travel to developing countries? | GPs were the main but not the only source of information and counseling before traveling to a developing country. This study helps identify the characteristics of individuals likely to travel without having consulted a GP before departure. |
Answer the question based on the following context: To compare the outcomes of locking plate fixation versus casting for displaced distal radius fracture with unstable fracture pattern in active Chinese elderly people. Historical cohort study. Orthopaedic ward and clinic at Tseung Kwan O Hospital, Hong Kong. Between 1 ... | Question: Is locking plate fixation a better option than casting for distal radius fracture in elderly people? | Locking plate fixation resulted in better functional outcome for displaced distal radius fracture with unstable fracture pattern in active Chinese elderly people aged 61 to 80 years. Further prospective study with long-term follow-up is recommended. |
Answer the question based on the following context: The reported prevalence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) varies among different groups of cardiac surgical patients. Moreover, the prognostic value of preoperative COPD in outcome prediction is controversial. The present study assessed the morbidity in ... | Question: Do preoperative pulmonary function indices predict morbidity after coronary artery bypass surgery? | Among post-CABG complications, patients with different levels of COPD based on STS definition, more frequently developed respiratory failure. This finding may imply the prognostic value of preoperative pulmonary function test for determining COPD severity and postoperative morbidities. |
Answer the question based on the following context: Previous UK studies have reported disparities in HIV treatment outcomes for women. We investigated whether these differences persist in the modern antiretroviral treatment (ART) era. A single-centre cohort analysis was carried out. We included in the study all previou... | Question: Does gender or mode of HIV acquisition affect virological response to modern antiretroviral therapy (ART)? | Although response rates were good in all groups, poorer virological outcomes for women and MSW have persisted into the modern ART era. Factors that might influence the differences include socioeconomic status and mental health disorders. Further interventions to ensure excellent response rates in women and MSW are requ... |
Answer the question based on the following context: To assess the computed tomography (CT) portion of a positron emission tomography (PET)/CT, at lower dose without breath holding, as compared to diagnostic chest CT (dCTC), performed at regular dose with breath holding, and question the necessity of both for patient ca... | Question: Is dedicated chest CT needed in addition to PET/CT for evaluation of pediatric oncology patients? | In the evaluation of metastatic thoracic disease in pediatric oncology patients, the non-breath holding CT portion of PET/CT has sensitivity and specificity that approaches dCTC. |
Answer the question based on the following context: The purpose of this study was to determine the number and characteristics of US State Registrars of Vital Statistics (Vital Registrars) and State Systems Development Initiative (SSDI) Coordinators that link birth certificate and hospital discharge data as well as usin... | Question: Are Birth Certificate and Hospital Discharge Linkages Performed in 52 Jurisdictions in the United States? | Results of our analysis provide a national perspective on data linkage practices in the US. Our findings can be used to promote further data linkages, facilitate sharing of data and linkage methodologies, and identify uses of the resulting linked data. |
Answer the question based on the following context: The aim of this retrospective study was to determine if some features of baseline (18)F-FDG PET images, including volume and heterogeneity, reflect clinical, histological or immunohistochemical characteristics in patients with stage II or III breast cancer (BC). Inclu... | Question: Do clinical, histological or immunohistochemical primary tumour characteristics translate into different (18)F-FDG PET/CT volumetric and heterogeneity features in stage II/III breast cancer? | SUV parameters, MATV and textural features showed limited correlations with clinical and histopathological features. The three main BC subgroups differed in terms of SUVs and TLG but not in terms of MATV and heterogeneity. None of the PET-derived metrics offered high discriminative power. |
Answer the question based on the following context: With the advent of biologic drugs in the management of moderate to severe psoriasis, there may have been a shift in therapeutic approach from rotational strategies to a unidirectional progression from topical treatments to the highest rung of the therapeutic ladder. W... | Question: Does the treatment ladder for systemic therapy in moderate to severe psoriasis only go up? | The proportion of patients receiving biologic therapy increased with longer follow-up. |
Answer the question based on the following context: This paper examines peer recruitment dynamics through respondent driven sampling (RDS) with a sample of injection drug users in Hartford, CT to understand the strategies participants use to recruit peers into a study and the extent to which these strategies may introd... | Question: A qualitative analysis of peer recruitment pressures in respondent driven sampling: Are risks above the ethical limit? | Findings indicate that peer recruitment practices in RDS generally pose minimal risk, but that peer recruitment may occasionally exceed the ethical limit, and that enhanced safeguards for studies using peer recruitment methods are recommended. Suggestions for possible enhancements are described. |
Answer the question based on the following context: To increase, in our sample, the proportion of family physicians who provided their patients with written physical activity prescriptions after the delivery of a 3-hour educational workshop with the provision of practical tools to facilitate behaviour change. A pre-pos... | Question: Can a 3-hour educational workshop and the provision of practical tools encourage family physicians to prescribe physical activity as medicine? | Educational workshops combined with practical tools appear to be a promising method to encourage the use of written physical activity prescriptions among family physicians in this setting, over the short term. |
Answer the question based on the following context: We report the radiographic and clinical response rate of stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) compared with conventional fractionated external beam radiation therapy (CF-EBRT) for renal cell carcinoma (RCC) bone lesions treated at our institution. Forty-six cons... | Question: Local control rates of metastatic renal cell carcinoma (RCC) to the bone using stereotactic body radiation therapy: Is RCC truly radioresistant? | SBRT is both safe and effective for treating RCC bone metastases, with rapid improvement in symptoms after treatment and more durable clinical and radiographic response rate. Future prospective trials are needed to further define efficacy and toxicity of treatment, especially in the setting of targeted agents. |
Answer the question based on the following context: This study aims to answer the question to which extent even very heavy nicotine-dependent smokers can benefit from a 3-week inpatient smoking cessation program. A particular focus lies on analyzing the positive effects, which go above and beyond normally anticipated h... | Question: Inpatient smoking cessation therapy: truth or dare? | Successful quitters fail to report of an unbearable strong desire to smoke. Such unfounded fear should be communicated. Weight gain remains an undesired side effect. Hence, it is crucial to diagnose individuals more prone to weight gain and offer coping strategies thus reducing the risk of developing obesity. Neverthel... |
Answer the question based on the following context: The fetal weight estimation depends largely on the accuracy of abdominal circumference. The quality criteria are standardized to minimize variability and include visualization of the stomach. The objective of this study is to investigate the presence or absence of the... | Question: Is the stomach a main landmark on the abdominal circumference? | According to the previous studies, the stomach seems to be a reference to search. Our study shows variability depending on the different operators. If a hierarchy of quality criteria is to be considered, the stomach does not seem to be the first criterion to search. |
Answer the question based on the following context: To investigate the effect of sexual intercourse on spontaneous passage of distal ureteral stones. The patients were randomly divided into 3 groups with random number table envelope method. Patients in group 1 were asked to have sexual intercourse at least 3-4 times a ... | Question: Can Sexual Intercourse Be an Alternative Therapy for Distal Ureteral Stones? | Our results have indicated that patients who have distal ureteral stones ≤6 mm and a sexual partner may be advised to have sexual intercourse 3-4 times a week to increase the probability of spontaneous passage of the stones. |
Answer the question based on the following context: To determine the effect of sickle cell disease (SCD) on hospital resource use among patients admitted for priapism. Using the Nationwide Inpatient Sample, a weighted sample of 12,547 patients was selected with a primary diagnosis of priapism from 2002 to 2011. Baselin... | Question: Sickle Cell Disease in Priapism: Disparity in Care? | SCD patients represent a demographically distinct subgroup of priapism patients with different patterns of resource use manifested by longer hospital stays and more blood transfusions. Moreover, despite evidence that immediate treatment of priapism results in improved erectile function outcomes, SCD patients had less s... |
Answer the question based on the following context: To identify serial changes in the incidence of leukocyturia after photoselective laser-vaporization of the prostate (PVP), to determine whether postoperative leukocyturia could be associated with surgical outcomes, and to identify predictors of persistent leukocyturia... | Question: Does Postoperative Leukocyturia Influence Treatment Outcomes After Photoselective Vaporization of the Prostate (PVP)? | Leukocyturia is observed in all patients immediately after PVP, but its incidence decreases with time. It may have adverse effects on treatment outcomes. Also, older age, higher serum PSA, larger prostate size, and greater amount of energy utilized may be risk factors of persistent leukocyturia. |
Answer the question based on the following context: To investigate the relationship between bladder wall thickness (BWT) and uroflowmetric parameters and the International Prostate Symptoms Score (IPSS) in patients with lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS). A total of 236 male patients who had LUTS-related benign prosta... | Question: Can Bladder Wall Thickness Measurement Be Used for Detecting Bladder Outlet Obstruction? | BWT increased when number of BOO parameters increased. We believe that measurement of BWT is an easy, quick, and repeatable test to predict BOO severity. |
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