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README.md
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---
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license: mit
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pipeline_tag: robotics
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tags:
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- autonomous-driving
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- imitation-learning
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- carla
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- transfuser
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pretty_name: LEAD Carla Leaderboard 2.0
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size_categories:
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- 1M<n<10M
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---
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# LEAD: Minimizing Learner–Expert Asymmetry in End-to-End Driving
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[**Project Page**](https://ln2697.github.io/lead) | [**Paper**](https://huggingface.co/papers/2512.20563) | [**Code**](https://github.com/autonomousvision/lead)
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Official CARLA dataset accompanies our paper LEAD: Minimizing Learner–Expert Asymmetry in End-to-End Driving.
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> We release the complete pipeline (covering scenario descriptions, expert driver, data preprocessing scripts, training code, and evaluation infrastructure) required to achieve **state-of-the-art closed-loop performance on the Bench2Drive** benchmark. Built around the CARLA simulator, the stack features a data-centric design with:
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>
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> - Extensive visualization suite and runtime type validation for easier debugging.
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> - Optimized storage format, packs 72 hours of driving in ~200GB.
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> - Native support for NAVSIM and Waymo Vision-based E2E, with LEAD extending these benchmarks through closed-loop simulation and synthetic data for additional supervision during training
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Find more information on [https://github.com/autonomousvision/lead](https://github.com/autonomousvision/lead).
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## Format
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Each route is stored as a sequence of synchronized frames. All sensor modalities are ego-centric and time-aligned.
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In addition to the nominal sensor suite, we provide a second, perturbated sensor stack corresponding to a counterfactual ego state used for recovery supervision.
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```html
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├── bboxes/ # Per-frame 3D bounding boxes for all actors
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├── depth/ # Compressed depth maps (should be used for auxiliary supervision only)
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├── depth_perturbated # Depth from a perturbated ego state
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├── hdmap/ # Ego-centric rasterized HD map
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├── hdmap_perturbated # HD map aligned to perturbated ego pose
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├── lidar/ # LiDAR point clouds
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├── metas/ # Per-frame metadata and ego state
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├── radar/ # Radar detections
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├── radar_perturbated # Radar detections from perturbated ego state
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├── rgb/ # Front-facing RGB images
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├── rgb_perturbated # RGB images from perturbated ego state
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├── semantics/ # Semantic segmentation maps
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├── semantics_perturbated # Semantics from perturbated ego state
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└── results.json # Route-level summary and evaluation metadata
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```
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## Citation
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If you find this work useful, please cite:
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```bibtex
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@article{Nguyen2025ARXIV,
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title={LEAD: Minimizing Learner-Expert Asymmetry in End-to-End Driving},
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author={Nguyen, Long and Fauth, Micha and Jaeger, Bernhard and Dauner, Daniel and Igl, Maximilian and Geiger, Andreas and Chitta, Kashyap},
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journal={arXiv preprint arXiv:2512.20563},
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year={2025}
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}
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```
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## License
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This project is released under the [MIT License](LICENSE)
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