chunk_uid
stringlengths
40
40
chunk_type
stringclasses
2 values
chunk_index
int64
0
6.71k
total_chunks
int64
1
6.71k
section_title
stringlengths
1
157
embed_text
stringlengths
1
83.3k
spans
dict
paper_doi
stringlengths
0
63
paper_id_arxiv
stringlengths
9
16
title
stringlengths
7
245
authors
listlengths
1
768
categories
listlengths
1
7
year
int64
2k
2.02k
language
stringclasses
2 values
discipline
stringclasses
8 values
dense_vector
listlengths
1.02k
1.02k
3223098b17a83d8db5ef6032dbdbfb87cdcdf403
subsection
48
110
Quadratic action for the perturbations of Minkowski
Let us start by writing down the quadratic action (REF ) for Minkowski perturbations respecting the symmetries of the sphere. For such perturbations, we take all fields to be independent of the coordinates on the sphere and seth^0_{ab}=h^0_{(ab)}+\frac{1}{p+2}\eta _{ab}H^0,\qquad h_{ai}=0,\qquad h_{ij}=\frac{1}{n+1}\si...
{ "cite_spans": [] }
10.1140/epjc/s10052-018-6058-8
1802.06085
Kaluza-Klein reductions and AdS/Ricci-flat correspondence
[ "Marco M. Caldarelli", "Kostas Skenderis" ]
[ "hep-th" ]
2,018
en
Physics
[ 0.010992766357958317, 0.03188741207122803, -0.012892279773950577, -0.002088320441544056, 0.001261574449017644, -0.022839931771159172, 0.04989083483815193, -0.0005239872843958437, 0.037654612213373184, 0.019391819834709167, -0.0379902683198452, 0.014334078878164291, -0.008338024839758873, -...
d358fbdb4846e27d103e371b82937cdb232b55a7
subsection
49
110
Quadratic action for the perturbations of Minkowski
\\ & +\frac{p(p+1)}{4(p+2)^2}{\partial }_aH{\partial }^aH -\frac{n+1}{2r}h_{(ar)}{\partial }^aH +\frac{1}{4r^2}\frac{n(n+1)}{p+2}H^2 -\frac{n+1}{2}{\partial }^bh_{(ab)}{\partial }^a\pi \\ &\qquad +\frac{n+1}{2}\frac{p+1}{p+2}{\partial }_aH{\partial }^a\pi -\frac{n^2-1}{2r}h_{(ar)}{\partial }^a\pi +\frac{n+1}{2r}\frac{n...
{ "cite_spans": [] }
10.1140/epjc/s10052-018-6058-8
1802.06085
Kaluza-Klein reductions and AdS/Ricci-flat correspondence
[ "Marco M. Caldarelli", "Kostas Skenderis" ]
[ "hep-th" ]
2,018
en
Physics
[ 0.009488710202276707, 0.042317815124988556, 0.0044506932608783245, 0.022669170051813126, -0.004149403888732195, -0.02964077703654766, 0.0631563663482666, 0.021021611988544464, 0.009389551356434822, 0.024987954646348953, -0.048724982887506485, 0.005583388730883598, -0.03789382055401802, 0.0...
59532a4db3a1c815c5a3246619a92b89a80aadab
subsection
50
110
Quadratic action for the perturbations of Minkowski
The full action for the gauge invariant fields \hat{h}^{I_\mathsf {s}}_{ab}, \hat{B}^{I_\mathsf {v}}_{\mathsf {(v)}a}, \hat{\phi }^{I_\mathsf {t}}_{\mathsf {t}}, and \hat{\pi }^{I_\mathsf {s}} defined in (REF )-() can then be recovered by hatting the original fields h^{I_\mathsf {s}}_{ab}, B^{I_\mathsf {v}}_{\mathsf {(...
{ "cite_spans": [] }
10.1140/epjc/s10052-018-6058-8
1802.06085
Kaluza-Klein reductions and AdS/Ricci-flat correspondence
[ "Marco M. Caldarelli", "Kostas Skenderis" ]
[ "hep-th" ]
2,018
en
Physics
[ -0.001421240158379078, 0.012339035049080849, -0.02115263231098652, 0.022205684334039688, 0.004361013416200876, -0.0401991568505764, 0.0453575924038887, 0.0453575924038887, -0.010332129895687103, 0.011186781339347363, -0.04132851958274841, 0.022266730666160583, 0.0029836504254490137, 0.0094...
70251b9ede5e6f05a62be0a5bf38655b90d4af0a
subsection
51
110
Quadratic action for the perturbations of Minkowski
After integration over the internal sphere {\mathcal {S}}^{n+1} we obtainS_0 & =\int d^{p+2}y\,r^{n+1}\left\lbrace \frac{1}{2}{\partial }_a\hat{h}^{I_\mathsf {s}}_{bc}{\partial }^b\hat{h}^{I_\mathsf {s}}{}^{ac}-\frac{1}{4}{\partial }_a\hat{h}^{I_\mathsf {s}}_{bc}{\partial }^a\hat{h}^{I_\mathsf {s}}{}^{bc} +\frac{\Lamb...
{ "cite_spans": [] }
10.1140/epjc/s10052-018-6058-8
1802.06085
Kaluza-Klein reductions and AdS/Ricci-flat correspondence
[ "Marco M. Caldarelli", "Kostas Skenderis" ]
[ "hep-th" ]
2,018
en
Physics
[ 0.009840771555900574, 0.05025659129023552, -0.009848400019109249, -0.0009187581017613411, 0.010649393312633038, -0.0353657491505146, 0.0012253286549821496, -0.02845432423055172, 0.04717467725276947, 0.020490163937211037, -0.016874253749847412, 0.02886626310646534, -0.009749229997396469, 0....
c93602e496cdb503055038f7ff0d953ba2033be0
subsection
52
110
Quadratic action for the perturbations of Minkowski
First, the variation \delta _{\hat{\phi }^{I_\mathsf {t}}_{\mathsf {t}}}S_0 of the action with respect to the field \hat{\phi }^{I_\mathsf {t}}_{\mathsf {t}} yields the equation \left.E^{(0)}_{ij}\right|_{\mathbb {T}^{I_\mathsf {t}}_{ij}}=0. The equation \left.E^{(0)}_{ai}\right|_{\mathbb {V}^{I_\mathsf {v}}_i}=0 is re...
{ "cite_spans": [] }
10.1140/epjc/s10052-018-6058-8
1802.06085
Kaluza-Klein reductions and AdS/Ricci-flat correspondence
[ "Marco M. Caldarelli", "Kostas Skenderis" ]
[ "hep-th" ]
2,018
en
Physics
[ -0.03850385546684265, 0.046131402254104614, -0.030357636511325836, 0.012448156252503395, -0.015758512541651726, -0.008985250256955624, 0.02340131439268589, 0.06565792113542557, 0.018443407490849495, 0.027626974508166313, -0.030418656766414642, 0.01230323314666748, -0.016917899250984192, 0....
3f41701b674aea26938d2625f2bcf057c374da78
subsection
53
110
Quadratic action for the perturbations of Minkowski
One can indeed check that the variation \delta _{\phi ^{I_\mathsf {v}}_{\mathsf {v}}}S_0 gives equation \left.E^{(0)}_{ij}\right|_{{(i}\mathbb {V}^{I_\mathsf {v}}_{j)}}=0, and that the variation with respect to \phi ^{I_\mathsf {s}}_{\mathsf {s}} and B^{I_\mathsf {s}}_{\mathsf {(s)}a}, give the other equations \left.E^...
{ "cite_spans": [] }
10.1140/epjc/s10052-018-6058-8
1802.06085
Kaluza-Klein reductions and AdS/Ricci-flat correspondence
[ "Marco M. Caldarelli", "Kostas Skenderis" ]
[ "hep-th" ]
2,018
en
Physics
[ -0.06762535125017166, 0.02242988720536232, -0.03552161902189255, -0.007934382185339928, -0.01181002240628004, -0.02461184374988079, 0.026229236274957657, 0.04992557317018509, 0.028121281415224075, 0.01925613544881344, -0.02238411270081997, 0.01936294324696064, 0.003477014135569334, 0.01847...
acfd86833331b41f7f851e0b2d91dbe24648a824
subsection
54
110
Quadratic action for AdS perturbations
We work now with the AdS background written in Poincaré coordinates \zeta ^m=\lbrace r,z^\alpha \rbrace , with metric (REF ) and dimension D=d+1. Using\nabla _m h_{np}={\partial }_m h_{np}+\frac{1}{r}\left(2\delta _{m}{}^rh_{np}+\delta _{n}{}^rh_{mp}+\delta _{p}{}^rh_{mn}-\eta _{mn}h_{rp}-\eta _{pm}h_{n r}\right)we can...
{ "cite_spans": [] }
10.1140/epjc/s10052-018-6058-8
1802.06085
Kaluza-Klein reductions and AdS/Ricci-flat correspondence
[ "Marco M. Caldarelli", "Kostas Skenderis" ]
[ "hep-th" ]
2,018
en
Physics
[ -0.013205897994339466, 0.005138169974088669, -0.0005840996745973825, -0.017913026735186577, 0.009749935008585453, -0.012343814596533775, 0.0047109429724514484, 0.017272185534238815, 0.02017122693359852, 0.0436687245965004, -0.037962187081575394, -0.0008573153172619641, 0.0016459691105410457,...
fba5b44b3c97a4c67b195d5ae3231f064439b84a
subsection
55
110
Quadratic action for AdS perturbations
Also, we work in De Donder-Lorentz gauge{\partial }^ih_{(ij)}=0,\qquad {\partial }^ih_{ia}=0;the action for the gauge invariant combinations \hat{h}^{\mathbf {m}_\mathsf {s}}_{ab}, \hat{C}^{(k,{\mathbf {m}_\mathsf {v}})}_{\mathsf {(v)}a}, \hat{\varpi }^{\mathbf {m}_\mathsf {s}}, and \hat{\psi }^{(k,l,{\mathbf {m}_\math...
{ "cite_spans": [] }
10.1140/epjc/s10052-018-6058-8
1802.06085
Kaluza-Klein reductions and AdS/Ricci-flat correspondence
[ "Marco M. Caldarelli", "Kostas Skenderis" ]
[ "hep-th" ]
2,018
en
Physics
[ 0.010580037720501423, 0.02984074130654335, -0.041954006999731064, -0.012830298393964767, -0.0013711332576349378, -0.02530970796942711, 0.023662060499191284, 0.029230501502752304, 0.022517859935760498, 0.022243252024054527, -0.05672181770205498, 0.028803333640098572, -0.005064993165433407, ...
7158a56f23d195e8f2c6c14106c6898a23efb612
subsection
56
110
Quadratic action for AdS perturbations
\\ &\qquad \qquad \qquad \qquad \qquad +\left[\vphantom{\left(\frac{2}{p}\right)} -\frac{1}{4}\hat{F}^{(k,{\mathbf {m}_\mathsf {v}})}_{\mathsf {(v)}ab}\hat{F}^{(k,{\mathbf {m}_\mathsf {v}})ab}_{\mathsf {(v)}} -\frac{1}{2}{\mathbf {m}^2_\mathsf {v}}\hat{C}^{(k,{\mathbf {m}_\mathsf {v}})a}_{\mathsf {(v)}}\hat{C}^{(k,{\ma...
{ "cite_spans": [] }
10.1140/epjc/s10052-018-6058-8
1802.06085
Kaluza-Klein reductions and AdS/Ricci-flat correspondence
[ "Marco M. Caldarelli", "Kostas Skenderis" ]
[ "hep-th" ]
2,018
en
Physics
[ -0.027949433773756027, 0.016934428364038467, -0.041558001190423965, -0.023998066782951355, -0.017041221261024475, 0.011510834097862244, 0.07274175435304642, 0.03405192866921425, 0.01754467748105526, 0.02405909262597561, -0.055746305733919144, 0.013661963865160942, -0.029841206967830658, 0....
397ad6e28a10a65d1abee732ce935627bfd6cf38
subsection
57
110
Quadratic action for AdS perturbations
More precisely, \delta _{\hat{\psi }^{(k,l,{\mathbf {m}_\mathsf {t}})}_{\mathsf {t}}} S_\Lambda =0 is the equation \left.E_{ij}^{(\Lambda )}\right|_{\mathbb {T}^{(k,l,{\mathbf {m}_\mathsf {t}})}_{(ij)}}=0, and \delta _{\hat{C}^{(k,{\mathbf {m}_\mathsf {v}})}_{\mathsf {(v)}a}} S_\Lambda =0 is the equation \left.E_{ai}^{...
{ "cite_spans": [] }
10.1140/epjc/s10052-018-6058-8
1802.06085
Kaluza-Klein reductions and AdS/Ricci-flat correspondence
[ "Marco M. Caldarelli", "Kostas Skenderis" ]
[ "hep-th" ]
2,018
en
Physics
[ -0.014594847336411476, 0.013976873829960823, -0.02468840964138508, -0.02484099380671978, -0.012840108945965767, -0.018325574696063995, 0.008552443236112595, 0.03085288219153881, 0.0569145642220974, 0.020019277930259705, 0.00214955466799438, 0.04263251647353172, 0.02506987378001213, 0.01184...
8a4feb2b71123a75ff872b4a2b7803869be59844
subsection
58
110
Quadratic action for AdS perturbations
The equations \delta _{\hat{h}^{\mathbf {m}_\mathsf {s}}_{ab}} S_\Lambda =0 and \delta _{\hat{\varpi }^{\mathbf {m}_\mathsf {s}}} S_\Lambda =0 are equivalent to the equations \left.E_{ab}^{(\Lambda )}\right|_{\mathbb {S}^{\mathbf {m}_\mathsf {s}}}=0 and \left.E_{ij}^{(\Lambda )}\right|_{\delta _{ij}\mathbb {S}^{\mathbf...
{ "cite_spans": [] }
10.1140/epjc/s10052-018-6058-8
1802.06085
Kaluza-Klein reductions and AdS/Ricci-flat correspondence
[ "Marco M. Caldarelli", "Kostas Skenderis" ]
[ "hep-th" ]
2,018
en
Physics
[ -0.022195737808942795, -0.006895171012729406, -0.020243123173713684, -0.02845020778477192, -0.014026790857315063, -0.005766315385699272, 0.04701530188322067, 0.05406302213668823, 0.06718215346336365, 0.011967392638325691, -0.036184392869472504, 0.008229966275393963, -0.0032130428589880466, ...
bb6b97815fdfbe0edf1315ace1c578399a996697
subsection
59
110
Quadratic action for AdS perturbations
The precise relation between them can be found by thinking of the action S_\Lambda as a functional of the original fields h^{\mathbf {m}_\mathsf {s}}_{ab}, C^{\mathbf {m}_\mathsf {s}}_{\mathsf {(s)}a}, C^{(k,{\mathbf {m}_\mathsf {v}})}_{\mathsf {(v)}a}, \psi ^{\mathbf {m}_\mathsf {s}}_{\mathsf {s}}, \psi ^{(k,{\mathbf ...
{ "cite_spans": [] }
10.1140/epjc/s10052-018-6058-8
1802.06085
Kaluza-Klein reductions and AdS/Ricci-flat correspondence
[ "Marco M. Caldarelli", "Kostas Skenderis" ]
[ "hep-th" ]
2,018
en
Physics
[ -0.017346153035759926, 0.0013711394276469946, -0.035394087433815, -0.009443508461117744, -0.005267159081995487, -0.03003920614719391, 0.02309769205749035, 0.018429335206747055, 0.057332318276166916, 0.025203030556440353, -0.04286956042051315, -0.021724646911025047, 0.012082808651030064, 0....
ae12de27eb15d69819e2d029479b05440bdacb6c
subsection
60
110
Quadratic action for AdS perturbations
The field equation for C^{(k,{\mathbf {m}_\mathsf {v}})}_{\mathsf {(v)}a} indeed reproduces (REF ).
{ "cite_spans": [] }
10.1140/epjc/s10052-018-6058-8
1802.06085
Kaluza-Klein reductions and AdS/Ricci-flat correspondence
[ "Marco M. Caldarelli", "Kostas Skenderis" ]
[ "hep-th" ]
2,018
en
Physics
[ -0.023046424612402916, 0.013576023280620575, -0.06059225648641586, -0.048718005418777466, -0.03345547243952751, -0.014140737242996693, 0.047527529299259186, 0.004613100551068783, 0.04807697981595993, 0.005223602056503296, 0.004029308911412954, 0.013011309318244457, 0.02606840804219246, 0.0...
b36d42989c28defe2dc10e733363cf3eb3c93ba9
subsection
61
110
Decoupling the Kaluza-Klein equations
In this section we look closely at the structure of the Kaluza-Klein equations, both for perturbations of Minkowski and for perturbations of AdS, and show that we can decouple them (almost) completely.
{ "cite_spans": [] }
10.1140/epjc/s10052-018-6058-8
1802.06085
Kaluza-Klein reductions and AdS/Ricci-flat correspondence
[ "Marco M. Caldarelli", "Kostas Skenderis" ]
[ "hep-th" ]
2,018
en
Physics
[ 0.03936563432216644, 0.04913075268268585, -0.01004739198833704, -0.0047185360454022884, -0.01681431382894516, -0.011428240686655045, 0.05828555300831795, -0.02564869448542595, 0.0052106063812971115, 0.045987606048583984, -0.020735619589686394, -0.012511557899415493, -0.007167444564402103, ...
fd33fd898939080216b9a9ae83cbdd769f107501
subsection
62
110
Perturbations of Minkowski spacetime reduced on
The field equations for the metric perturbation modes of Minkoswki are obtained in § REF . First, we notice that the scalar mode \hat{\phi }^{I_\mathsf {t}}_{\mathsf {t}}, associated with a tensor harmonic with eigenvalue \Lambda ^{I_\mathsf {t}} given by (), decouples from all the other fields. Its equation of motion,...
{ "cite_spans": [] }
10.1140/epjc/s10052-018-6058-8
1802.06085
Kaluza-Klein reductions and AdS/Ricci-flat correspondence
[ "Marco M. Caldarelli", "Kostas Skenderis" ]
[ "hep-th" ]
2,018
en
Physics
[ -0.026479706168174744, 0.0005937902606092393, -0.04282539337873459, -0.025365574285387993, 0.0038345973007380962, 0.00808890163898468, 0.015468116849660873, -0.024892449378967285, 0.025258740410208702, 0.017230886965990067, -0.04728192090988159, 0.023320455104112625, 0.009409070946276188, ...
fa203f6548bc7a485c2c53404eec24c97313bf2b
subsection
63
110
Perturbations of Minkowski spacetime reduced on
()). We use this relation to eliminateThe n=1 case is special because we are reducing over a two-sphere, on which there are no tensor harmonics. Therefore, there is no field \hat{\phi }^{I_\mathsf {t}}_{\mathsf {t}}. Furthermore, the trace \hat{h}^{I_\mathsf {s}} is automatically vanishing by equation (REF ). Correspon...
{ "cite_spans": [] }
10.1140/epjc/s10052-018-6058-8
1802.06085
Kaluza-Klein reductions and AdS/Ricci-flat correspondence
[ "Marco M. Caldarelli", "Kostas Skenderis" ]
[ "hep-th" ]
2,018
en
Physics
[ -0.026328835636377335, 0.013500206172466278, -0.024253055453300476, -0.003735641948878765, -0.006173921283334494, -0.042309295386075974, 0.04175982251763344, 0.00918838195502758, 0.049513474106788635, 0.025764100253582, -0.06502077728509903, 0.023505162447690964, -0.005780896637588739, 0.0...
1fbd1281d67a1f0e4779e9e781597007002fceca
subsection
64
110
Perturbations of Minkowski spacetime reduced on
Finally, we introduce a new scalar field \hat{\varphi }^{I_\mathsf {s}} defined by\hat{\varphi }^{I_\mathsf {s}}=\frac{1}{r^2}\left(\hat{h}^{I_\mathsf {s}}_{(rr)}-\frac{n+p+1}{p+2}\hat{\pi }^{I_\mathsf {s}}\right).The third equation () and the rr component of the first one (REF ) become respectively,\Box \hat{\varphi }...
{ "cite_spans": [] }
10.1140/epjc/s10052-018-6058-8
1802.06085
Kaluza-Klein reductions and AdS/Ricci-flat correspondence
[ "Marco M. Caldarelli", "Kostas Skenderis" ]
[ "hep-th" ]
2,018
en
Physics
[ -0.036535151302814484, 0.012979594059288502, -0.014429401606321335, -0.012086817063391209, 0.0005584621103480458, 0.006009071134030819, 0.026584893465042114, 0.019518990069627762, 0.014681209810078144, -0.008988807909190655, -0.030201783403754234, 0.03815283253788948, -0.03342188149690628, ...
3bdc13561d822e9c953e34332681c03b19e902c7
subsection
65
110
Perturbations of Minkowski spacetime reduced on
(), give the field equations for the symmetric traceless mode \hat{h}^{I_\mathsf {s}}_{(ab)},&\Box \hat{h}^{I_\mathsf {s}}_{(ab)}+\frac{n+1}{r}{\partial }_r\hat{h}^{I_\mathsf {s}}_{(ab)} -\frac{2}{r}\left({\partial }_a\hat{h}^{I_\mathsf {s}}_{(br)}+{\partial }_b\hat{h}^{I_\mathsf {s}}_{(ar)}\right)-\frac{n-1}{r^2}\left...
{ "cite_spans": [] }
10.1140/epjc/s10052-018-6058-8
1802.06085
Kaluza-Klein reductions and AdS/Ricci-flat correspondence
[ "Marco M. Caldarelli", "Kostas Skenderis" ]
[ "hep-th" ]
2,018
en
Physics
[ -0.008246752433478832, 0.015898456797003746, -0.007373252417892218, -0.02245924063026905, -0.008666337467730045, -0.006495938636362553, 0.05099101737141609, 0.02821136824786663, 0.05056380480527878, 0.02244398184120655, -0.06341073662042618, 0.009192725643515587, -0.011473742313683033, -0....
aa5a6a5178b6b4299ff5a0eef84bd036b1b4a687
subsection
66
110
Perturbations of Minkowski spacetime reduced on
Together with the solutions to the decoupled equations for \hat{B}^{I_\mathsf {v}}_{\mathsf {(v)}a} and \hat{\phi }^{I_\mathsf {t}}_{\mathsf {t}}, this solves completely the problem. We explicitly solve these equations in § REF .
{ "cite_spans": [] }
10.1140/epjc/s10052-018-6058-8
1802.06085
Kaluza-Klein reductions and AdS/Ricci-flat correspondence
[ "Marco M. Caldarelli", "Kostas Skenderis" ]
[ "hep-th" ]
2,018
en
Physics
[ 0.023657789453864098, 0.009966797195374966, -0.01736939512193203, -0.02967144548892975, -0.02004043571650982, -0.0030755125917494297, 0.05983131006360054, -0.0011142055736854672, 0.023169370368123055, 0.0030373549088835716, -0.03223564475774765, -0.0008180062286555767, 0.015285983681678772, ...
69f54149e37b3743867589b1c2ae1cdae4a7c76b
subsection
67
110
Perturbations of AdS spacetime reduced on
The field equations for the metric perturbation modes of AdS are obtained in § REF . Similarly to what we just saw for in the Ricci-flat case, the scalar field \hat{\psi }^{(k,l,{\mathbf {m}_\mathsf {t}})}_{\mathsf {t}} associated with a tensor harmonic decouples from the other fields, and must solve the equation\Box \...
{ "cite_spans": [] }
10.1140/epjc/s10052-018-6058-8
1802.06085
Kaluza-Klein reductions and AdS/Ricci-flat correspondence
[ "Marco M. Caldarelli", "Kostas Skenderis" ]
[ "hep-th" ]
2,018
en
Physics
[ -0.000796695239841938, -0.014684747904539108, -0.033229488879442215, -0.03911864385008812, -0.009535551071166992, 0.006095123942941427, 0.012159734033048153, -0.002502128481864929, 0.043665193021297455, 0.027264047414064407, -0.025021284818649292, 0.014104986563324928, 0.0075330850668251514,...
95ebe13a63b6b2be9cf860c3c46de19443897d56
subsection
68
110
Perturbations of AdS spacetime reduced on
When {\mathbf {m}^2_\mathsf {v}}=0, equation (REF ) still holds but for unhatted variable C^{(k,{\mathbf {m}_\mathsf {v}})}_{\mathsf {(v)}a}, and equation (REF ) does not hold anymore (but we have an additional gauge invariance).The remaining modes are \hat{h}^{\mathbf {m}_\mathsf {s}}_{ab} and \hat{\varpi }^{\mathbf {...
{ "cite_spans": [] }
10.1140/epjc/s10052-018-6058-8
1802.06085
Kaluza-Klein reductions and AdS/Ricci-flat correspondence
[ "Marco M. Caldarelli", "Kostas Skenderis" ]
[ "hep-th" ]
2,018
en
Physics
[ -0.010630159638822079, -0.02017669938504696, -0.04178805276751518, -0.010698840022087097, -0.00901999231427908, -0.011156708002090454, 0.033546432852745056, 0.06868014484643936, 0.024144886061549187, 0.024618016555905342, -0.04822872206568718, 0.0021672400180250406, 0.019611995667219162, 0...
4c2f7de10ec2aee4555251504307d5594d4823a8
subsection
69
110
Perturbations of AdS spacetime reduced on
\hat{h}^{\mathbf {m}_\mathsf {s}} in favor of \hat{\varpi }^{\mathbf {m}_\mathsf {s}},\hat{h}^{\mathbf {m}_\mathsf {s}}=-(d-p-3)\hat{\varpi }^{\mathbf {m}_\mathsf {s}}.Following the Minkowski steps, we decompose the metric perturbation \hat{h}^{\mathbf {m}_\mathsf {s}}_{ab} into its trace \hat{h}^{\mathbf {m}_\mathsf {...
{ "cite_spans": [] }
10.1140/epjc/s10052-018-6058-8
1802.06085
Kaluza-Klein reductions and AdS/Ricci-flat correspondence
[ "Marco M. Caldarelli", "Kostas Skenderis" ]
[ "hep-th" ]
2,018
en
Physics
[ 0.029622400179505348, -0.03735993430018425, -0.01930568553507328, -0.029530830681324005, -0.009278938174247742, -0.002123243873938918, 0.04590632766485214, 0.012438050471246243, 0.02933243289589882, 0.04019855707883835, -0.056986112147569656, 0.03549804165959358, 0.01127055287361145, -0.00...
7443ed3059da34d9c307774579fa9f78d5b3085b
subsection
70
110
Perturbations of AdS spacetime reduced on
The resulting equations can be completely decoupled by defining the new fields \hat{\varphi }^{\mathbf {m}_\mathsf {s}} and \hat{\chi }^{\mathbf {m}_\mathsf {s}} as (the transformation is invertible as long as d\ne 2),\hat{\varpi }^{\mathbf {m}_\mathsf {s}}=\hat{\varphi }^{\mathbf {m}_\mathsf {s}}-\frac{r^2}{\ell ^2}\h...
{ "cite_spans": [] }
10.1140/epjc/s10052-018-6058-8
1802.06085
Kaluza-Klein reductions and AdS/Ricci-flat correspondence
[ "Marco M. Caldarelli", "Kostas Skenderis" ]
[ "hep-th" ]
2,018
en
Physics
[ -0.004140172153711319, -0.004266094416379929, -0.03370138257741928, -0.008532188832759857, -0.003880696138367057, -0.02274232916533947, 0.038585640490055084, 0.025871306657791138, 0.04230988770723343, 0.007410335820168257, -0.026039203628897667, 0.024268658831715584, 0.004006618168205023, ...
a758bfa0ab8e6fbe00869065129f0529ad5a59cd
subsection
71
110
Solving the Kaluza-Klein equations
In this section we solve the Kaluza-Klein equations for linearized metric perturbations for both Minkowski and AdS.
{ "cite_spans": [] }
10.1140/epjc/s10052-018-6058-8
1802.06085
Kaluza-Klein reductions and AdS/Ricci-flat correspondence
[ "Marco M. Caldarelli", "Kostas Skenderis" ]
[ "hep-th" ]
2,018
en
Physics
[ 0.02663932740688324, 0.023252196609973907, -0.008292367681860924, -0.039089322090148926, -0.02151285856962204, 0.01867499202489853, 0.026486754417419434, -0.04003527760505676, 0.012175362557172775, 0.025022048503160477, -0.013014516793191433, -0.020109182223677635, -0.0008572721853852272, ...
3f63e606f39aa692234f9ba499d6ac84390cd014
subsection
72
110
Solving for Minkowski perturbations
We first solve equation (REF ) for the linearized scalar perturbation \hat{\phi }^{I_\mathsf {t}}_{\mathsf {t}} associated with tensor harmonics of {\mathcal {S}}^{n+1},\Box \hat{\phi }^{I_\mathsf {t}}_{\mathsf {t}}+\frac{n+1}{r}{\partial }_r\hat{\phi }^{I_\mathsf {t}}_{\mathsf {t}}-\frac{l(l+n)}{r^2}\hat{\phi }^{I_\ma...
{ "cite_spans": [] }
10.1140/epjc/s10052-018-6058-8
1802.06085
Kaluza-Klein reductions and AdS/Ricci-flat correspondence
[ "Marco M. Caldarelli", "Kostas Skenderis" ]
[ "hep-th" ]
2,018
en
Physics
[ -0.009335302747786045, 0.00006989321991568431, -0.019753623753786087, -0.017907917499542236, 0.00007174035272328183, 0.0161689892411232, 0.029241463169455528, -0.021797627210617065, 0.03386335447430611, 0.03197188675403595, -0.029424509033560753, 0.0030736331827938557, 0.007310365792363882, ...
f2d23d801ddf323a1c396dff3a7ad0801b3a84fa
subsection
73
110
Solving for Minkowski perturbations
Then instead of presenting the solutions as in (REF ), we will use\hat{\phi }^{I_\mathsf {t}}_{\mathsf {t}}=r^{-\frac{n}{2}}\left( \phi _1 J_{l+\frac{n}{2}}(k_r r)+ (1 \rightarrow 2, J \rightarrow Y) \right)e^{i\mathbf {k}\cdot \mathbf {x}}.All solutions in this and the next subsection will be presented in this way.Nex...
{ "cite_spans": [] }
10.1140/epjc/s10052-018-6058-8
1802.06085
Kaluza-Klein reductions and AdS/Ricci-flat correspondence
[ "Marco M. Caldarelli", "Kostas Skenderis" ]
[ "hep-th" ]
2,018
en
Physics
[ -0.0057188584469258785, -0.012093916535377502, -0.02185298316180706, -0.009453856386244297, 0.0002546589821577072, -0.012055765837430954, 0.04880296066403389, 0.003469847608357668, 0.0037102000787854195, 0.022661786526441574, -0.04373648762702942, 0.013177409768104553, 0.022051367908716202, ...
ff6434ee5bbd92653ad8d4954663fc72d4c947f4
subsection
74
110
Solving for Minkowski perturbations
The equation for the remaining components is obtained by setting a=\mu in (REF ), and using () to eliminate the r-derivatives of \hat{B}^{I_\mathsf {v}}_{\mathsf {(v)}r},\Box \hat{B}^{I_\mathsf {v}}_{\mathsf {(v)}\mu }+\frac{n+3}{r}{\partial }_r\hat{B}^{I_\mathsf {v}}_{\mathsf {(v)}\mu }-\frac{1}{r^2}(l-1)(l+n+1)\hat{B...
{ "cite_spans": [] }
10.1140/epjc/s10052-018-6058-8
1802.06085
Kaluza-Klein reductions and AdS/Ricci-flat correspondence
[ "Marco M. Caldarelli", "Kostas Skenderis" ]
[ "hep-th" ]
2,018
en
Physics
[ -0.03426644951105118, -0.0012758378870785236, -0.016721295192837715, -0.03167281672358513, 0.0017821680521592498, -0.003074216190725565, 0.0519946813583374, -0.002933091949671507, 0.029689451679587364, 0.009810029529035091, -0.05178108811378479, 0.006014936603605747, 0.0038713763933628798, ...
017b3d838515448998279dd8a3b2572c3e862f01
subsection
75
110
Solving for Minkowski perturbations
We use this freedom to simplify the solution of the divergence equation (). Then, given a solution \hat{B}^{I_\mathsf {v}}_{\mathsf {(v)}r} determined by b_1 and b_2, as given by (REF ), the general solution to the full equation for \hat{B}^{I_\mathsf {v}}_{\mathsf {(v)}\mu } is given by\hat{B}^{I_\mathsf {v}}_{\mathsf...
{ "cite_spans": [] }
10.1140/epjc/s10052-018-6058-8
1802.06085
Kaluza-Klein reductions and AdS/Ricci-flat correspondence
[ "Marco M. Caldarelli", "Kostas Skenderis" ]
[ "hep-th" ]
2,018
en
Physics
[ -0.024961207062005997, -0.005179908126592636, -0.06063315272331238, 0.0005912266205996275, 0.021635079756379128, -0.011908448301255703, 0.02258104272186756, 0.013785116374492645, 0.03640430420637131, 0.01618816703557968, -0.04937314614653587, 0.013251105323433876, 0.023252371698617935, 0.0...
5d3fec4e21ea4180351e0da50cef021861adae5e
subsection
76
110
Solving for Minkowski perturbations
We have partially decoupled the equations they satisfy by introducing the scalar field \hat{\varphi }^{I_\mathsf {s}} in equation (REF ), resulting in equations (REF ) and (), that we report here once more for convenience,\Box \hat{\varphi }^{I_\mathsf {s}}+\frac{n+1}{r}{\partial }_r\hat{\varphi }^{I_\mathsf {s}}-\frac...
{ "cite_spans": [] }
10.1140/epjc/s10052-018-6058-8
1802.06085
Kaluza-Klein reductions and AdS/Ricci-flat correspondence
[ "Marco M. Caldarelli", "Kostas Skenderis" ]
[ "hep-th" ]
2,018
en
Physics
[ -0.009302688762545586, 0.009379003196954727, -0.05384723097085953, -0.008409813977777958, -0.005536587908864021, -0.009493473917245865, 0.06440909951925278, 0.022436344996094704, 0.025656800717115402, 0.018300121650099754, -0.034432921558618546, 0.011988945305347443, -0.026908351108431816, ...
0d5cf640f16bab264433f6ef657af5e8e91b1a74
subsection
77
110
Solving for Minkowski perturbations
In (REF ) we fixed \alpha so that no multiple of the homogeneous solution appears in the particular solution. sourced by \hat{\varphi }^{I_\mathsf {s}},\hat{\pi }^{I_\mathsf {s}}=r^{-\frac{n}{2}}\left( \pi _1 J_{l+\frac{n}{2}}(k_r r) +\frac{r}{k_r} \varphi _1 J_{l+\frac{n}{2}+1}(k_r r)+ (1 \rightarrow 2, J \rightarrow ...
{ "cite_spans": [] }
10.1140/epjc/s10052-018-6058-8
1802.06085
Kaluza-Klein reductions and AdS/Ricci-flat correspondence
[ "Marco M. Caldarelli", "Kostas Skenderis" ]
[ "hep-th" ]
2,018
en
Physics
[ -0.024763070046901703, -0.00023768465325701982, -0.020735064521431923, 0.01568480208516121, -0.008925690315663815, 0.025678524747490883, 0.07647104561328888, 0.04443010315299034, 0.03875428065657616, 0.01602046936750412, -0.032864850014448166, 0.02772304229438305, -0.0001555558992549777, 0...
e61885693fdaefd73ed0cbbb7ac51356701d9eb9
subsection
78
110
Solving for Minkowski perturbations
Then the r\mu component reads,\Box \hat{h}^{I_\mathsf {s}}_{(r\mu )}+\frac{n-1}{r}{\partial }_r\hat{h}^{I_\mathsf {s}}_{(r\mu )}-\frac{(l+1)(l+n-1) }{r^2} \hat{h}^{I_\mathsf {s}}_{(r\mu )} = 2 r \partial _\mu \hat{\varphi }^{I_\mathsf {s}},while taking the trace of (REF ) leads to\partial ^\mu \hat{h}^{I_\mathsf {s}}_{...
{ "cite_spans": [] }
10.1140/epjc/s10052-018-6058-8
1802.06085
Kaluza-Klein reductions and AdS/Ricci-flat correspondence
[ "Marco M. Caldarelli", "Kostas Skenderis" ]
[ "hep-th" ]
2,018
en
Physics
[ -0.008573286235332489, 0.047198839485645294, 0.018275439739227295, -0.03288968652486801, -0.02121964655816555, 0.014583739452064037, 0.042286742478609085, 0.04423937574028969, 0.02576562389731407, -0.000989665393717587, -0.045459773391485214, 0.003977729938924313, -0.05833495780825615, 0.0...
fcc14868e0a6b6eac194da90809a0260ba64510c
subsection
79
110
Solving for Minkowski perturbations
Finally, the solution to (REF ) is constrained by equation (REF ),{\partial }^\nu \hat{h}^{I_\mathsf {s}}_{(\mu \nu )}+{\partial }_r\hat{h}^{I_\mathsf {s}}_{(\mu r)}+\frac{n-1}{r}\hat{h}^{I_\mathsf {s}}_{(\mu r)}-\frac{n+p+1}{p+2}{\partial }_\mu \hat{\pi }^{I_\mathsf {s}}=0.We now solve these equations. The homogenous ...
{ "cite_spans": [] }
10.1140/epjc/s10052-018-6058-8
1802.06085
Kaluza-Klein reductions and AdS/Ricci-flat correspondence
[ "Marco M. Caldarelli", "Kostas Skenderis" ]
[ "hep-th" ]
2,018
en
Physics
[ -0.026159409433603287, 0.00376785546541214, -0.022343860939145088, -0.03565249964594841, -0.02361062355339527, -0.017292071133852005, 0.05537125840783119, 0.0281740203499794, 0.03598826751112938, 0.023580098524689674, -0.035164106637239456, -0.004815224092453718, -0.022374384105205536, 0.0...
6d4e3c17d0431450cb9f2445ffdaaded2cd18140
subsection
80
110
Solving for Minkowski perturbations
The choice in (REF ) simplifies the solution of (REF ).\hat{h}^{I_\mathsf {s}}_{(r\mu )\mathsf {part}}[\hat{\varphi }^{I_\mathsf {s}}] = \frac{i k_\mu }{\bf {k}^2}\left(r^2 {\partial }_r \hat{\varphi }^{I_\mathsf {s}}+ (n+1) r \hat{\varphi }^{I_\mathsf {s}}\right).Using (REF ), we find that the solution of (REF ) is gi...
{ "cite_spans": [] }
10.1140/epjc/s10052-018-6058-8
1802.06085
Kaluza-Klein reductions and AdS/Ricci-flat correspondence
[ "Marco M. Caldarelli", "Kostas Skenderis" ]
[ "hep-th" ]
2,018
en
Physics
[ -0.04446612671017647, 0.029572874307632446, -0.03271632641553879, -0.006466205231845379, -0.024201536551117897, 0.010071258060634136, 0.05237054079771042, 0.023133372887969017, 0.03570718690752983, 0.030061177909374237, -0.041994091123342514, 0.012169436551630497, 0.003421938745304942, 0.0...
824f9a918bd0ddac8cc3f849a8dd37a2918f1dc4
subsection
81
110
Solving for Minkowski perturbations
The particular solutionConsider the differential operator \mathcal {L} ={\partial }_r^2+\frac{n+1}{r}{\partial }_r+\left(k_r^2-\frac{l(l+n)}{r^2}\right); it satisfies the identities &\mathcal {L}\left[r^{1-\frac{n}{2}}J_{l+\frac{n}{2}+1}(k_rr)\right]=2k_rr^{-n/2}J_{l+\frac{n}{2}}(k_rr),\\ &\mathcal {L}\left[-k_rr^{2-...
{ "cite_spans": [] }
10.1140/epjc/s10052-018-6058-8
1802.06085
Kaluza-Klein reductions and AdS/Ricci-flat correspondence
[ "Marco M. Caldarelli", "Kostas Skenderis" ]
[ "hep-th" ]
2,018
en
Physics
[ -0.03845856711268425, 0.03659668564796448, -0.026371588930487633, 0.028080858290195465, -0.022907264530658722, 0.022266289219260216, 0.03690190985798836, -0.002922545885667205, -0.0038821024354547262, -0.0030408212915062904, -0.04306748881936073, 0.007615406531840563, -0.03226246312260628, ...
a60fc612d2efef42f042b5b0fa56adfca0b172f9
subsection
82
110
Solving for Minkowski perturbations
\left.\left.\quad +\left(n\frac{k_\mu k_\nu }{k_r^2}+\frac{n-1}{p+2}\eta _{\mu \nu } \right)\varphi _1 \right] J_{1+l+\frac{n}{2}}(k_r r)\right) + (1 \rightarrow 2, J \rightarrow Y) \right\rbrace e^{i\mathbf {k}\cdot \mathbf {x}},where\hat{\mathfrak {h}}^s_{\mu \nu }&=\mathfrak {h}^s_{\mu \nu }+ \frac{1}{{\bf k}^2} \l...
{ "cite_spans": [] }
10.1140/epjc/s10052-018-6058-8
1802.06085
Kaluza-Klein reductions and AdS/Ricci-flat correspondence
[ "Marco M. Caldarelli", "Kostas Skenderis" ]
[ "hep-th" ]
2,018
en
Physics
[ -0.03669073060154915, 0.03037211112678051, -0.017063327133655548, -0.01306458655744791, -0.013659818097949028, 0.020924704149365425, 0.0351034440100193, 0.01379717979580164, 0.00599047914147377, 0.021229952573776245, -0.03128785267472267, 0.004796199034899473, -0.02707543969154358, 0.04371...
24b7202f7c05299196e692020c84e819b04b53ed
subsection
83
110
Solving for Minkowski perturbations
It will be useful to also record the combination that is traceless in p+1 dimensions:\tilde{h}^{I_\mathsf {s}}_{(\mu \nu )} &=& \hat{h}^{I_\mathsf {s}}_{(\mu \nu )} - \frac{1}{p+1} \eta _{\mu \nu } \left(\eta ^{\kappa \lambda } \hat{h}^{I_\mathsf {s}}_{(\kappa \lambda )}\right)=\hat{h}^{I_\mathsf {s}}_{(\mu \nu )} + \f...
{ "cite_spans": [] }
10.1140/epjc/s10052-018-6058-8
1802.06085
Kaluza-Klein reductions and AdS/Ricci-flat correspondence
[ "Marco M. Caldarelli", "Kostas Skenderis" ]
[ "hep-th" ]
2,018
en
Physics
[ -0.02285364270210266, 0.04991796985268593, -0.0032628991175442934, -0.008612070232629776, -0.0052480995655059814, 0.028086485341191292, 0.037896160036325455, 0.0220298133790493, 0.02119072712957859, 0.015988396480679512, -0.034600842744112015, 0.011876876465976238, -0.0038941202219575644, ...
ddcb49209ef7706d82a9af3e3bfb7a67f5544322
subsection
84
110
Solving for AdS perturbations
Anti-de Sitter perturbations are much simpler. It is possible to decouple completely the system of equations controlling them, and we can easily find all modes. Like in the case of perturbations of Minkowski, all equations are of the Bessel type.Equation (REF ) for the scalar perturbations associated with tensor harmon...
{ "cite_spans": [] }
10.1140/epjc/s10052-018-6058-8
1802.06085
Kaluza-Klein reductions and AdS/Ricci-flat correspondence
[ "Marco M. Caldarelli", "Kostas Skenderis" ]
[ "hep-th" ]
2,018
en
Physics
[ 0.01012488454580307, -0.013688051141798496, -0.024369919672608376, -0.01664845459163189, -0.005703354720026255, -0.024125762283802032, 0.031954046338796616, -0.011528787203133106, 0.051181405782699585, 0.04187292233109474, -0.017579302191734314, 0.013985617086291313, -0.00022102883667685091,...
4212a0f683f2932464429d19695ef306ed8ece8f
subsection
85
110
Solving for AdS perturbations
They satisfy equations (REF ) and (REF ),& \partial ^a\hat{F}^{(k,{\mathbf {m}_\mathsf {v}})}_{\mathsf {(v)}ab}-\frac{d-1}{r}\hat{F}^{(k,{\mathbf {m}_\mathsf {v}})}_{\mathsf {(v)}rb}- {\mathbf {m}^2_\mathsf {v}}\hat{C}^{(k,{\mathbf {m}_\mathsf {v}})}_{\mathsf {(v)}b}=0, \\ &{\partial }^a\left(r^{-(d-1)}\hat{C}^{(k,{\m...
{ "cite_spans": [] }
10.1140/epjc/s10052-018-6058-8
1802.06085
Kaluza-Klein reductions and AdS/Ricci-flat correspondence
[ "Marco M. Caldarelli", "Kostas Skenderis" ]
[ "hep-th" ]
2,018
en
Physics
[ -0.011065523140132427, 0.014079923741519451, -0.018132194876670837, -0.05763229355216026, -0.008982151746749878, 0.009623189456760883, 0.09920813888311386, 0.012629958800971508, 0.03843170404434204, 0.02541254460811615, -0.05055036023259163, -0.0017180178547278047, 0.002054753014817834, 0....
f1869fbfe7196cdd1dffc5695aa36629e0a67da4
subsection
86
110
Solving for AdS perturbations
Equation () is identical with (REF ) and thus is solved in the same way, while the extra term in (REF ) simply shifts the order of the Bessel function:&\hat{C}^{(j,{\mathbf {m}_\mathsf {v}})}_{\mathsf {(v)}r}=r^{\frac{d}{2}}\left(\gamma _1 J_{\frac{d}{2}-1} (k_rr) + (1 \rightarrow 2, J \rightarrow Y) \right)e^{i\mathbf...
{ "cite_spans": [] }
10.1140/epjc/s10052-018-6058-8
1802.06085
Kaluza-Klein reductions and AdS/Ricci-flat correspondence
[ "Marco M. Caldarelli", "Kostas Skenderis" ]
[ "hep-th" ]
2,018
en
Physics
[ -0.039912499487400055, 0.009123729541897774, -0.0322229377925396, -0.025509824976325035, -0.007620907388627529, 0.005175961647182703, 0.02560136653482914, 0.019040826708078384, 0.03673902899026871, 0.036250803619623184, -0.027066046372056007, -0.012579455971717834, 0.006270656827837229, 0....
629fa7fcebfa015778e1e8daa22b6a901a1a9073
subsection
87
110
Solving for AdS perturbations
Thus, the general solution is simply given by () with a null momentum k^a,&C^0_{(\mathsf {v})r}=0,\qquad C^0_{(\mathsf {v})\mu }=r^{\frac{d}{2}}\left(\gamma ^1_\mu J_{\frac{d}{2}} (k_rr)+ (1 \rightarrow 2, J \rightarrow Y) \right)e^{i\mathbf {k}\cdot \mathbf {x}}, \\ &k^ak_a=k_r^2+k^\mu k_\mu =0.and one can use the gau...
{ "cite_spans": [] }
10.1140/epjc/s10052-018-6058-8
1802.06085
Kaluza-Klein reductions and AdS/Ricci-flat correspondence
[ "Marco M. Caldarelli", "Kostas Skenderis" ]
[ "hep-th" ]
2,018
en
Physics
[ -0.004852226469665766, 0.008323552086949348, -0.054015353322029114, -0.04635554924607277, -0.01907321810722351, -0.02229277789592743, 0.03222610801458359, 0.00652304058894515, 0.01737951673567295, 0.02259794808924198, -0.02436794340610504, 0.007652175147086382, 0.010261391289532185, 0.0291...
5cf226ac959359ac2df1a0256a766175c8a88978
subsection
88
110
Solving for AdS perturbations
The equations for the scalars \hat{\chi }^{\mathbf {m}_\mathsf {s}} and \hat{\varphi }^{\mathbf {m}_\mathsf {s}},&\Box \hat{\chi }^{\mathbf {m}_\mathsf {s}}-\frac{d-5}{r}{\partial }_r\hat{\chi }^{\mathbf {m}_\mathsf {s}}-{\mathbf {m}^2_\mathsf {s}}\hat{\chi }^{\mathbf {m}_\mathsf {s}}=0, \\ &\Box \hat{\varphi }^{\math...
{ "cite_spans": [] }
10.1140/epjc/s10052-018-6058-8
1802.06085
Kaluza-Klein reductions and AdS/Ricci-flat correspondence
[ "Marco M. Caldarelli", "Kostas Skenderis" ]
[ "hep-th" ]
2,018
en
Physics
[ -0.002413263311609626, -0.016223233193159103, -0.046609364449977875, -0.032354895025491714, 0.015605133026838303, 0.007897952571511269, 0.042977068573236465, 0.01700158230960369, 0.012461213394999504, 0.015193065628409386, -0.0412982776761055, 0.01712367683649063, -0.01988605223596096, -0....
5f8d3d73b890d3b24d6c0b3266e5b3a707b0c72b
subsection
89
110
Solving for AdS perturbations
Setting a=\mu , b=r in (REF ) we obtain\Box \tilde{h}^{\mathbf {m}_\mathsf {s}}_{(\mu r)}-\frac{d-1}{r}{\partial }_r\tilde{h}^{\mathbf {m}_\mathsf {s}}_{(\mu r)}-\left({\mathbf {m}^2_\mathsf {s}}-\frac{d-1}{r^2}\right)\tilde{h}^{\mathbf {m}_\mathsf {s}}_{(\mu r)} =0which is solved by\tilde{h}^{\mathbf {m}_\mathsf {s}}_...
{ "cite_spans": [] }
10.1140/epjc/s10052-018-6058-8
1802.06085
Kaluza-Klein reductions and AdS/Ricci-flat correspondence
[ "Marco M. Caldarelli", "Kostas Skenderis" ]
[ "hep-th" ]
2,018
en
Physics
[ -0.043582264333963394, -0.0015002386644482613, 0.004162136930972338, -0.03296137601137161, 0.005360038951039314, 0.03692895174026489, 0.05432523414492607, 0.035158801823854446, 0.0250720102339983, 0.012543635442852974, -0.040560804307460785, -0.0038035293109714985, -0.01764044165611267, 0....
4285e6d14dd0f95ac33798f8c338895e970d913e
subsection
90
110
Solving for AdS perturbations
Additionally, we need to impose the divergence equation (), and this implies that the polarization vectors are given by&\hat{h}^s_\mu = h^{s}_\mu - i \frac{k_\mu k_r}{{\bf k}^2}\left(f_s+\frac{d-1}{\ell ^2}\chi _s\right), \qquad k^\mu h^{s}_\mu =0, \qquad s=1,2with h^1_\mu and h^2_\mu transverse polarization vectors.Se...
{ "cite_spans": [] }
10.1140/epjc/s10052-018-6058-8
1802.06085
Kaluza-Klein reductions and AdS/Ricci-flat correspondence
[ "Marco M. Caldarelli", "Kostas Skenderis" ]
[ "hep-th" ]
2,018
en
Physics
[ -0.020475950092077255, -0.008712196722626686, -0.019453678280115128, -0.0038869210984557867, -0.002181863412261009, 0.020186051726341248, 0.010031994432210922, 0.004134860355407, 0.03893787041306496, 0.030362995341420174, -0.04101293161511421, -0.011756124906241894, 0.0275860782712698, 0.0...
d797e19e264cd6134bf5682a2a43ab13842dd27f
subsection
91
110
Solving for AdS perturbations
\\ &\left.\hphantom{=} +\frac{1}{p} \left( (p+1) k_\mu k_\nu - \eta _{\mu \nu } {\bf k}^2 \right) \left(\frac{d-2}{p+1} f_s - \frac{k_r^2}{\mathbf {k}^2} \left(f_s+\frac{d-1}{\ell ^2}\chi _s\right) \right) \right) \\ k^\mu h^s_{\mu \nu }&=k^\nu h^s_{\mu \nu } = 0, \qquad s=1, 2with h^1_{\mu \nu }, h^2_{\mu \nu } are tr...
{ "cite_spans": [] }
10.1140/epjc/s10052-018-6058-8
1802.06085
Kaluza-Klein reductions and AdS/Ricci-flat correspondence
[ "Marco M. Caldarelli", "Kostas Skenderis" ]
[ "hep-th" ]
2,018
en
Physics
[ -0.039450157433748245, 0.016872340813279152, -0.009809145703911781, -0.011174493469297886, -0.02758154831826687, -0.014210294000804424, 0.03243272751569748, 0.004073160234838724, 0.032493747770786285, 0.0076886615715920925, -0.05226459354162216, 0.029137587174773216, 0.012402543798089027, ...
e1474284bba988a50c7541f629509a5147a463ff
subsection
92
110
AdS/RF map at large
The explicit solutions we found, both in the vacuum Einstein gravity and in the AdS gravity theories, are linear combinations of terms that take the general formr^a\left(c_1J_b(k_rr)+c_2Y_b(k_rr)\right)e^{i\mathbf {k}\cdot \mathbf {x}}times some polarization vector or tensor where appropriate. We can tabulate the disti...
{ "cite_spans": [] }
10.1140/epjc/s10052-018-6058-8
1802.06085
Kaluza-Klein reductions and AdS/Ricci-flat correspondence
[ "Marco M. Caldarelli", "Kostas Skenderis" ]
[ "hep-th" ]
2,018
en
Physics
[ -0.03833308815956116, 0.007496469188481569, -0.03109985589981079, -0.04840468242764473, -0.016465526074171066, -0.004875566344708204, 0.024248121306300163, 0.013939999043941498, 0.03488433361053467, 0.025056900456547737, 0.0035803746432065964, 0.01762528531253338, 0.01063621137291193, 0.02...
b8bf62a92dd31bf0ab89fbd787b76b92fcf08ae5
subsection
93
110
AdS/RF map at large
Effectively, this behavior decompactifies the torus in the large d limit, reducing the mass gap to zero and making the AdS momentum lightlike, (k^{(\mathbf {m})}_r)^2+\mathbf {k}^2\sim 1/d^2\rightarrow 0 (equivalently, we could have considered the limit \mathbf {k}^2\gg \mathbf {m}^2, for which k^{(\mathbf {m})}_r\sim ...
{ "cite_spans": [] }
10.1140/epjc/s10052-018-6058-8
1802.06085
Kaluza-Klein reductions and AdS/Ricci-flat correspondence
[ "Marco M. Caldarelli", "Kostas Skenderis" ]
[ "hep-th" ]
2,018
en
Physics
[ 0.003391793230548501, 0.0065355924889445305, -0.03522276133298874, -0.027317479252815247, -0.04068625718355179, -0.0007668733596801758, -0.003321210155263543, 0.00206407206133008, 0.004990399815142155, 0.05713778734207153, -0.00534140644595027, -0.020327866077423096, 0.03159060329198837, 0...
dd29c8697bf94e8acebfac64c3291eac49741379
subsection
94
110
Body
{\rm Mink:} &\quad \mathfrak {h}^s_{\mu \nu }+ \frac{1}{{\bf k}^2} \left(\vphantom{\frac{n^2}{kp}} i n\left(\mathfrak {h}^s_\mu k_\nu + \mathfrak {h}^s_\nu k_\mu \right)\right. \\ &\quad \hphantom{\mathfrak {h}^s_{\mu \nu }}\left. +\frac{1}{p} \left((p+1) k_\mu k_\nu - \eta _{\mu \nu } {\bf k}^2 \right)\left(-\frac{n^2...
{ "cite_spans": [] }
10.1140/epjc/s10052-018-6058-8
1802.06085
Kaluza-Klein reductions and AdS/Ricci-flat correspondence
[ "Marco M. Caldarelli", "Kostas Skenderis" ]
[ "hep-th" ]
2,018
en
Physics
[ -0.037504032254219055, 0.02325311116874218, 0.001821417361497879, -0.009101365692913532, -0.040158916264772415, -0.002120854565873742, 0.0350017286837101, -0.004577383864670992, 0.023985492065548897, 0.017821282148361206, -0.052060116082429886, 0.011718103662133217, -0.03829744830727577, 0...
198b8a7b054d9aee11e174f2de2f8bcf1805b922
subsection
95
110
Body
\\ &\quad \hphantom{h^s_{\mu \nu }}\left. +\frac{1}{p} \left( (p+1) k_\mu k_\nu - \eta _{\mu \nu } {\bf k}^2 \right) \left(\frac{d}{p+1} f_s - \frac{(k^{(\mathbf {m})}_r)^2}{{\bf k}^2} \left(f_s+\frac{d}{\ell ^2}\chi _s\right) \right) \right)Thus we conclude that we need& n \mathfrak {h}^{s}_\mu =- k_r^{(\mathbf {m})} ...
{ "cite_spans": [] }
10.1140/epjc/s10052-018-6058-8
1802.06085
Kaluza-Klein reductions and AdS/Ricci-flat correspondence
[ "Marco M. Caldarelli", "Kostas Skenderis" ]
[ "hep-th" ]
2,018
en
Physics
[ -0.012538028880953789, 0.010698914527893066, -0.037728551775217056, -0.045085009187459946, -0.03717910870909691, 0.0017799726920202374, 0.01092021819204092, -0.02764013409614563, 0.020543135702610016, 0.04056735336780548, -0.03940741345286369, 0.01924583502113819, -0.015124998055398464, 0....
a1fb117775d9a37d024a9f1fce5e5d9e0463bacc
subsection
96
110
Body
This signals that the harmonics start to mix under the AdS/RF, a phenomenon that we explore in more depth in .
{ "cite_spans": [ { "arxiv_id": "", "doi": "", "end": 110, "openalex_id": "", "raw": "M. M. Caldarelli and K. Skenderis, “Towards a general AdS/Ricci-flat correspondence,” in preparation.", "source_ref_id": "324fc15931a52ab5e7e94c3c022fa0adf70d9b10", "start": 0 } ] ...
10.1140/epjc/s10052-018-6058-8
1802.06085
Kaluza-Klein reductions and AdS/Ricci-flat correspondence
[ "Marco M. Caldarelli", "Kostas Skenderis" ]
[ "hep-th" ]
2,018
en
Physics
[ 0.00906876940280199, 0.024544406682252884, -0.05226173996925354, 0.008016212843358517, -0.0408514142036438, -0.028968198224902153, 0.002587535884231329, 0.036641184240579605, 0.00889334362000227, 0.03941749408841133, -0.009587421081960201, -0.026863083243370056, 0.0014177103294059634, 0.03...
8cde66ae1720d2a8cb5f74f5fc51e80e9d8f7b56
subsection
97
110
Discussion and Outlook
In this paper we performed a Kaluza-Klein reduction of Minkowski over a sphere and of AdS over a torus. In the case of Minkowski the sphere was the celestial sphere transverse to a flat p-brane located at the origin of Minkowski and in the case of AdS the torus compactified part of the boundary directions. The reason f...
{ "cite_spans": [ { "arxiv_id": "", "doi": "10.1088/1126-6708/2006/05/057", "end": 2254, "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W3104946429", "raw": "K. Skenderis and M. Taylor, “Kaluza-Klein holography,” JHEP 0605 (2006) 057 [hep-th/0603016].", "source_ref_id": "c1458093dcf6d452...
10.1140/epjc/s10052-018-6058-8
1802.06085
Kaluza-Klein reductions and AdS/Ricci-flat correspondence
[ "Marco M. Caldarelli", "Kostas Skenderis" ]
[ "hep-th" ]
2,018
en
Physics
[ 0.019527390599250793, 0.041099052876234055, -0.028284205123782158, -0.006422680802643299, 0.006968074478209019, -0.022136127576231956, 0.01569819077849388, -0.04058035835623741, 0.032525308430194855, 0.0600162148475647, -0.03527135029435158, -0.009313649497926235, 0.008665279485285282, 0.0...
2973af72364a6df602672a770df2799db0370082
subsection
98
110
Discussion and Outlook
We were able to integrate all equations and obtain the general solution as linear combination of Bessel functions.Having succeeded in finding the general solution of linear perturbations, we can then turn to the original question about the AdS/RF correspondence. On general grounds, such a map may involve general linear...
{ "cite_spans": [ { "arxiv_id": "", "doi": "", "end": 536, "openalex_id": "", "raw": "M. M. Caldarelli and K. Skenderis, “Towards a general AdS/Ricci-flat correspondence,” in preparation.", "source_ref_id": "324fc15931a52ab5e7e94c3c022fa0adf70d9b10", "start": 344 }, ...
10.1140/epjc/s10052-018-6058-8
1802.06085
Kaluza-Klein reductions and AdS/Ricci-flat correspondence
[ "Marco M. Caldarelli", "Kostas Skenderis" ]
[ "hep-th" ]
2,018
en
Physics
[ 0.012571977451443672, 0.026791738346219063, -0.02096346765756607, -0.030621308833360672, -0.01901053823530674, -0.035763002932071686, -0.020170088857412338, -0.05199672281742096, 0.03104851208627224, 0.025723731145262718, -0.01852230541408062, -0.0050425222143530846, 0.052118778228759766, ...
490d3ecff4bc38931f59b0a86a5bfd968864e26c
subsection
99
110
AdS/Ricci-flat map for the zero modes
Consider perturbations that respect the AdS/RF Ansatz (REF ) and (REF ), i.e. we only allow for perturbations that respect the sphere/torus symmetries of the original Ansatz. In the case of the perturbations of Minkowski spacetime, this means that we keep the perturbation h^{0}_{ab} of the reduced (p+2)-dimensional met...
{ "cite_spans": [] }
10.1140/epjc/s10052-018-6058-8
1802.06085
Kaluza-Klein reductions and AdS/Ricci-flat correspondence
[ "Marco M. Caldarelli", "Kostas Skenderis" ]
[ "hep-th" ]
2,018
en
Physics
[ 0.0024739375803619623, 0.006550116464495659, 0.006676007062196732, -0.029511766508221626, -0.0032903177198022604, -0.011131765320897102, 0.012650080025196075, -0.029679620638489723, 0.027161812409758568, 0.04059012234210968, -0.05142432823777199, -0.012848452664911747, -0.03595125302672386, ...
32fc6e0748d54bc40a93412c755888c6c841aff6
subsection
100
110
AdS/Ricci-flat map for the zero modes
Again, y^a=\lbrace r,x^\mu \rbrace indicate collectively the p+2 coordinates in the reduced theory.ds^2_\Lambda =\frac{\ell ^2}{r^2}\left(dr^2+\eta _{\alpha \beta }dz^\alpha dz^\beta \right)+\frac{\ell ^2}{r^2}h_{ab}^{\Lambda }(y;d)\,dy^ady^b+\frac{\ell ^2}{r^2}\varpi (y;d)\delta _{ij}\,d\chi ^id\chi ^j.Again, this is ...
{ "cite_spans": [] }
10.1140/epjc/s10052-018-6058-8
1802.06085
Kaluza-Klein reductions and AdS/Ricci-flat correspondence
[ "Marco M. Caldarelli", "Kostas Skenderis" ]
[ "hep-th" ]
2,018
en
Physics
[ -0.04370245337486267, -0.013733312487602234, 0.004882955923676491, -0.018707824870944023, 0.0061685461550951, -0.03979608789086342, 0.03442483767867088, -0.006408879533410072, 0.045106302946805954, 0.022888854146003723, -0.065553680062294, 0.013336572796106339, -0.0009036328992806375, 0.04...
a1ed894714e83f856735a169da61c9ff188e9a91
subsection
101
110
AdS/Ricci-flat map for the zero modes
Concretely, the AdS/Ricci-flat prescription (REF ) applied to the perturbations (REF ) and (REF ) gives – at linear level – the following action of the map on the perturbation,h^{0}_{(ab)}(y;n) & = h^\Lambda _{(ab)}(y;-n), \\ H^{0}(y;n) & = H^\Lambda (y;-n)-(p+2)\varpi (y;-n), \\ \pi (y;n) & =-\varpi (y;-n).It can be ...
{ "cite_spans": [ { "arxiv_id": "", "doi": "10.1088/1126-6708/2008/09/094", "end": 1399, "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W3104605817", "raw": "I. Kanitscheider, K. Skenderis and M. Taylor, “Precision holography for non-conformal branes,” JHEP 0809 (2008) 094 [arXiv:0807.3324 [he...
10.1140/epjc/s10052-018-6058-8
1802.06085
Kaluza-Klein reductions and AdS/Ricci-flat correspondence
[ "Marco M. Caldarelli", "Kostas Skenderis" ]
[ "hep-th" ]
2,018
en
Physics
[ -0.00986613892018795, -0.012811482883989811, -0.008919966407120228, -0.030964262783527374, -0.008973379619419575, -0.050177671015262604, 0.037724819034338, 0.008233227767050266, 0.028919309377670288, 0.04389020428061485, -0.04938410967588425, 0.015932327136397362, 0.01230024453252554, 0.04...
61d5c1a3b42e412a6467cfb87780935b0bb20c6f
subsection
102
110
The sphere
Consider the (n+1)-dimensional sphere {\mathcal {S}}^{n+1} with unit metric d\Omega _{n+1}^2=\sigma _{ij}\,d\theta ^id\theta ^j. It is a constant curvature manifold, and its Riemann and Ricci tensors readR_{ijkl}=\sigma _{ik}\sigma _{jl}-\sigma _{jk}\sigma _{il},\qquad R_{ij}=n\sigma _{ij}.It follows that expressions i...
{ "cite_spans": [] }
10.1140/epjc/s10052-018-6058-8
1802.06085
Kaluza-Klein reductions and AdS/Ricci-flat correspondence
[ "Marco M. Caldarelli", "Kostas Skenderis" ]
[ "hep-th" ]
2,018
en
Physics
[ -0.05929990112781525, 0.02432425320148468, -0.017503084614872932, -0.0007095845066942275, 0.00043800630373880267, -0.001779683749191463, -0.0037844509351998568, 0.00481830770149827, 0.03406005725264549, 0.025178804993629456, -0.013306617736816406, 0.017457304522395134, -0.00224701757542789, ...
0b320ebbaf36a240df446f74bacc140fbb907b49
subsection
103
110
The sphere
This leads to the decomposition () for the metric perturbation: scalars can be decomposed into scalar harmonics, vectors are decomposed into a vector harmonics that is divergent-free and the gradient of scalars as a consequence of the Hodge decomposition theorem, and symmetric tensors are decomposed in traceless symmet...
{ "cite_spans": [ { "arxiv_id": "", "doi": "", "end": 427, "openalex_id": "", "raw": "P. van Nieuwenhuizen, “An introduction to simple supergravity and the Kaluza-Klein program” in Relativity, groups and topology: Proceedings, 40th Summer School of Theoretical Physics - Session 40 : ...
10.1140/epjc/s10052-018-6058-8
1802.06085
Kaluza-Klein reductions and AdS/Ricci-flat correspondence
[ "Marco M. Caldarelli", "Kostas Skenderis" ]
[ "hep-th" ]
2,018
en
Physics
[ 0.018905242905020714, 0.049040719866752625, -0.04278474673628807, 0.015433941036462784, 0.03341604769229889, -0.0465078130364418, -0.001121497480198741, -0.0027827632147818804, 0.03204278647899628, 0.008773619309067726, -0.018783174455165863, 0.021194012835621834, -0.021316081285476685, -0...
4b53c3fb86bdd6664f18858413c9bc265e7bf3c3
subsection
104
110
The sphere
Moreover, \mathbb {V}^{I_\mathsf {v}}_i are Killing vectors of {\mathcal {S}}^{n+1} when l=1, so {(i} \mathbb {V}^{I_\mathsf {v}}_{j)}=0, and the harmonic expansion contains terms proportional to {(i} \mathbb {V}^{I_\mathsf {v}}_{j)}=0 only for l\ge 2.These form a complete set for functions on the sphere. Any scalar fu...
{ "cite_spans": [] }
10.1140/epjc/s10052-018-6058-8
1802.06085
Kaluza-Klein reductions and AdS/Ricci-flat correspondence
[ "Marco M. Caldarelli", "Kostas Skenderis" ]
[ "hep-th" ]
2,018
en
Physics
[ -0.04009508341550827, 0.03344308212399483, -0.031307119876146317, 0.02438049577176571, 0.03542647883296013, -0.019711891189217567, -0.0024067729245871305, 0.006110380869358778, 0.017789524048566818, 0.015851899981498718, -0.008459940552711487, 0.02094769850373268, -0.015150083228945732, -0...
4288ed1e4a9553ff3cfd2e657dc649ae199fb8cd
subsection
105
110
The sphere
This leads to the decomposition (REF )-() for perturbations of Minkowski spacetime.To conclude, we display a few properties of the spherical harmonics that we used to simplify the calculations, and can be easily obtained using the identities (REF ),\Box i\mathbb {S}^{I_\mathsf {s}}=\left(\Lambda ^{I_\mathsf {s}}+n\righ...
{ "cite_spans": [] }
10.1140/epjc/s10052-018-6058-8
1802.06085
Kaluza-Klein reductions and AdS/Ricci-flat correspondence
[ "Marco M. Caldarelli", "Kostas Skenderis" ]
[ "hep-th" ]
2,018
en
Physics
[ -0.016940800473093987, 0.05567571520805359, -0.038490720093250275, -0.015353554859757423, -0.018360165879130363, -0.013522116467356682, 0.051677074283361435, -0.005337878596037626, 0.03653718903660774, 0.034888893365859985, -0.013377128168940544, 0.022770877927541733, -0.036842428147792816, ...
f8317d41f0440f999e870b45e31e13a002bcb1a5
subsection
106
110
The torus
Consider a flat N-dimensional torusIn the main text, the torus is taken to be of dimension N=d-p-1. with metric d\sigma ^2=\delta _{ij}\,d\chi ^id\chi ^j, with the coordinates \chi ^i periodic, with period \tau . We want to decompose our fields in scalar, vector, and traceless symmetric tensor eigenmodes of the Laplace...
{ "cite_spans": [] }
10.1140/epjc/s10052-018-6058-8
1802.06085
Kaluza-Klein reductions and AdS/Ricci-flat correspondence
[ "Marco M. Caldarelli", "Kostas Skenderis" ]
[ "hep-th" ]
2,018
en
Physics
[ 0.026143306866288185, 0.010431377217173576, -0.061718348413705826, 0.0038116115611046553, -0.004414448980242014, 0.012804573401808739, -0.0005498984246514738, 0.024968154728412628, 0.039802536368370056, 0.05897124111652374, -0.01784093677997589, -0.010629779659211636, 0.009324903599917889, ...
a7b57c6a5a07bcf3fef2ecab1325510de64fd956
subsection
107
110
The torus
We decide to label them with the pair (k,{\mathbf {m}_\mathsf {v}}) comprising a coordinate index k, singling out a polarization, and a wave vector {\mathbf {m}_\mathsf {v}}=(m_1/\tau ,\ldots ,m_N/\tau ) with m_1,\ldots , m_N\in \mathbb {Z} and m_k=0:&\mathbb {V}^{(k,{\mathbf {m}_\mathsf {v}})}_j(\chi )=\delta ^k{}_j e...
{ "cite_spans": [] }
10.1140/epjc/s10052-018-6058-8
1802.06085
Kaluza-Klein reductions and AdS/Ricci-flat correspondence
[ "Marco M. Caldarelli", "Kostas Skenderis" ]
[ "hep-th" ]
2,018
en
Physics
[ -0.018962716683745384, 0.005225044675171375, -0.030129820108413696, -0.006430237554013729, 0.017955847084522247, 0.031045155599713326, 0.005377600435167551, 0.009740703739225864, 0.02643796242773533, 0.052387747913599014, -0.016430286690592766, -0.01891694962978363, 0.033135171979665756, -...
a905334d3fc882e888b6dac08517f4da472bcfc6
subsection
108
110
The torus
We decide to label them with the triplet (k,l,{\mathbf {m}_\mathsf {t}}) formed by two coordinate indices k<l singling out a polarization, and a wave vector {\mathbf {m}_\mathsf {t}}=(m_1/\tau ,\ldots ,m_N/\tau ), with m_1,\ldots , m_N\in \mathbb {Z} and m_k=m_l=0,&\mathbb {T}^{(k,l,{\mathbf {m}_\mathsf {t}})}_{(ij)}(\...
{ "cite_spans": [] }
10.1140/epjc/s10052-018-6058-8
1802.06085
Kaluza-Klein reductions and AdS/Ricci-flat correspondence
[ "Marco M. Caldarelli", "Kostas Skenderis" ]
[ "hep-th" ]
2,018
en
Physics
[ -0.026623958721756935, 0.010435981675982475, -0.02604418247938156, -0.013014462776482105, 0.02677653171122074, 0.00044103083200752735, -0.02354198694229126, -0.0012844725279137492, 0.016538895666599274, 0.01891903020441532, -0.003059085225686431, 0.016081176698207855, 0.018812229856848717, ...
d9b63fe7ccdfb9a7c96c50acf6053569f81035bd
subsection
109
110
The torus
In addition, when {\mathbf {m}^2_\mathsf {t}}=0 and N \ge 2, there are special tensor harmonics given by the constant symmetric traceless tensors, \mathbb {T}^{(k,l, 0)}_{(ij)} = \frac{1}{2}\left(\delta ^k{}_i\delta ^l{}_j+\delta ^l{}_i\delta ^k{}_j\right)-\frac{1}{N} \delta _{ij} \delta ^{kl}, k \le l.It is worth reme...
{ "cite_spans": [] }
10.1140/epjc/s10052-018-6058-8
1802.06085
Kaluza-Klein reductions and AdS/Ricci-flat correspondence
[ "Marco M. Caldarelli", "Kostas Skenderis" ]
[ "hep-th" ]
2,018
en
Physics
[ -0.043978478759527206, 0.037630438804626465, -0.03863757848739624, -0.007030910346657038, -0.016358407214283943, -0.008568326011300087, 0.012345103546977043, 0.03335772082209587, 0.02652137167751789, 0.04141484573483467, -0.02337787300348282, -0.027986304834485054, -0.01695353537797928, -0...
c1885f96212419784a0f0a0cc0e8dd94cc438194
abstract
0
69
Abstract
Andromeda is an LCF-style proof assistant where the user builds derivable judgments by writing code in a meta-level programming language AML. The only trusted component of Andromeda is a minimalist nucleus (an implementation of the inference rules of an object-level type theory), which controls construction and decompo...
{ "cite_spans": [] }
1802.06217
Design and Implementation of the Andromeda Proof Assistant
[ "Andrej Bauer", "Gaëtan Gilbert", "Philipp G. Haselwarter", "Matija Pretnar", "Christopher A. Stone" ]
[ "cs.LO" ]
2,018
en
Computer Science
[ -0.04250394180417061, -0.007471753749996424, 0.010053875856101513, -0.010877714492380619, -0.01249487791210413, -0.043327782303094864, 0.011831230483949184, 0.02412014827132225, 0.030146371573209763, -0.00000369487565876625, -0.04119190573692322, -0.003533731447532773, 0.005942313466221094, ...
92c1939ac53c5e715925cc30e96811fd47017c85
subsection
1
69
Introduction
A type theory can be interesting and very useful, yet lack metatheoretic properties (e.g., decidability) that permit a straightforward implementation. In fact, the more flexible and expressive the theory, the less likely these properties will hold. Nevertheless, even very expressive type theories deserve automated supp...
{ "cite_spans": [ { "arxiv_id": "", "doi": "", "end": 653, "openalex_id": "", "raw": "Michael J. Gordon, Arthur J. Milnter, and Christopher P. Wadsworth. Edinburgh LCF: A Mechanized Logic of Computation. Number 78 in Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Springer-Verlag, 1979.", "...
1802.06217
Design and Implementation of the Andromeda Proof Assistant
[ "Andrej Bauer", "Gaëtan Gilbert", "Philipp G. Haselwarter", "Matija Pretnar", "Christopher A. Stone" ]
[ "cs.LO" ]
2,018
en
Computer Science
[ -0.02913311868906021, 0.0033688507974147797, 0.0061997538432478905, 0.012346094474196434, 0.008218011818826199, -0.052863869816064835, -0.0001425943337380886, 0.025806237012147903, 0.03738928213715553, -0.0009142252383753657, -0.026325108483433723, -0.006398145575076342, -0.00912603735923767...
848ab5a723bfc7d51bca5702d2a540a3c0a30076
subsection
2
69
Introduction
Second, applications of equality reflection are not recorded in the conclusion, and omitting the explicit equality eliminators keeps terms smaller and simpler.The proof assistant NuPRL  validated equality reflection by implementing so-called computational type theory, a specific interpretation of type theory akin to re...
{ "cite_spans": [ { "arxiv_id": "", "doi": "10.1016/j.jal.2005.10.005", "end": 339, "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W1977189131", "raw": "S.F. Allen, M. Bickford, R.L. Constable, R. Eaton, C. Kreitz, L. Lorigo, and E. Moran. Innovations in computational type theory using Nuprl. ...
1802.06217
Design and Implementation of the Andromeda Proof Assistant
[ "Andrej Bauer", "Gaëtan Gilbert", "Philipp G. Haselwarter", "Matija Pretnar", "Christopher A. Stone" ]
[ "cs.LO" ]
2,018
en
Computer Science
[ -0.05373552441596985, 0.024518167600035667, -0.0024010869674384594, 0.006755083333700895, -0.020108863711357117, -0.022000744938850403, 0.017240528017282486, 0.04503897204995155, 0.044001489877700806, 0.0013712323270738125, -0.017713498324155807, -0.0020425450056791306, -0.00456187454983592,...
f70beb826a14216d8ddc8ad8a62a3f7eaf0671d3
subsection
3
69
Contributions
The present paper should be read as a progress report on the development of Andromeda; the system and the underlying type theory may evolve as we gain more experience and consider a wider variety of applications. We focus on the following points of interest:the goals of Andromeda and the structure of the system (§); t...
{ "cite_spans": [] }
1802.06217
Design and Implementation of the Andromeda Proof Assistant
[ "Andrej Bauer", "Gaëtan Gilbert", "Philipp G. Haselwarter", "Matija Pretnar", "Christopher A. Stone" ]
[ "cs.LO" ]
2,018
en
Computer Science
[ -0.03013869747519493, -0.010476058349013329, -0.023637894541025162, 0.013405997306108475, -0.023042751476168633, -0.04925960302352905, 0.015466110780835152, 0.04376596584916115, 0.06042999401688576, -0.002275662263855338, -0.01158241555094719, -0.013230506330728531, -0.02876528725028038, -...
78698a5e83524904ea0fd556a523f6e976e9fb19
subsection
4
69
An overview of Andromeda
Andromeda follows design principles that are similar to those of other proof assistants:The system should work well in the common case. Equality reflection affords many possibilities for complicating one's life, but we expect most applications to be very reasonable. If the user introduces new computation and extensiona...
{ "cite_spans": [ { "arxiv_id": "", "doi": "", "end": 1431, "openalex_id": "", "raw": "Michael J. Gordon, Arthur J. Milnter, and Christopher P. Wadsworth. Edinburgh LCF: A Mechanized Logic of Computation. Number 78 in Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Springer-Verlag, 1979.", ...
1802.06217
Design and Implementation of the Andromeda Proof Assistant
[ "Andrej Bauer", "Gaëtan Gilbert", "Philipp G. Haselwarter", "Matija Pretnar", "Christopher A. Stone" ]
[ "cs.LO" ]
2,018
en
Computer Science
[ -0.04008053243160248, 0.01720135472714901, -0.01683504320681095, -0.006463863421231508, -0.009997238405048847, -0.03968369588255882, 0.0146295465528965, 0.00145665870513767, 0.024054422974586487, 0.004269812721759081, -0.018101869150996208, -0.0010445588268339634, 0.0017638257704675198, 0....
bed354615b8095ab49d21b45d95830f0ef6cc99b
subsection
5
69
An overview of Andromeda
Bugs in AML code either prevent code from constructing the desired judgments or construct an unintended judgment, but the abstract type of judgments and run-time checks in the nucleus ensure that only derivable judgments are ever constructed. Any other memory-safe metalanguage (e.g., one modeled on Python or Scheme) wo...
{ "cite_spans": [] }
1802.06217
Design and Implementation of the Andromeda Proof Assistant
[ "Andrej Bauer", "Gaëtan Gilbert", "Philipp G. Haselwarter", "Matija Pretnar", "Christopher A. Stone" ]
[ "cs.LO" ]
2,018
en
Computer Science
[ -0.024604182690382004, 0.0002544651797506958, 0.020284714177250862, 0.00586104579269886, -0.004666705150157213, -0.055527303367853165, -0.014034457504749298, 0.0416073203086853, -0.017522085458040237, 0.014461825601756573, -0.02048313431441784, -0.04493468627333641, -0.030205754563212395, ...
2d9761ff9c40dcbed9709f47a09b2ff1b3627cf5
subsection
6
69
Andromeda in action
Before looking at the three constituent parts of Andromeda in more detail, we provide a small worked example. At this point we cannot explain all the technical details, so we focus on emphasizing the important points and showcasing what Andromeda can do.We begin by declaring some constants that Andromeda adds to the am...
{ "cite_spans": [] }
1802.06217
Design and Implementation of the Andromeda Proof Assistant
[ "Andrej Bauer", "Gaëtan Gilbert", "Philipp G. Haselwarter", "Matija Pretnar", "Christopher A. Stone" ]
[ "cs.LO" ]
2,018
en
Computer Science
[ -0.034244731068611145, 0.0051618898287415504, -0.009347102604806423, 0.012452629394829273, -0.003586235223338008, -0.0764249637722969, 0.003971564583480358, 0.0009804919827729464, 0.04904748871922493, 0.008515400812029839, -0.009995676577091217, -0.004505685064941645, 0.0010739630088210106, ...
71cd0fac2c0adb1b16e809e5a21c5a568e7eec65
subsection
7
69
Andromeda in action
This tracking process becomes apparent if we temporarily hypothesize an equality a ≡ b and use it as a hint while constructing a judgment that v above has type P b, assume ζ : a ≡ b in now hints = addhint ζ in (v : P b) This AML expression causes the nucleus to build the hypothetical judgment: ζ₀ : a ≡ b ⊢ v : P b ...
{ "cite_spans": [] }
1802.06217
Design and Implementation of the Andromeda Proof Assistant
[ "Andrej Bauer", "Gaëtan Gilbert", "Philipp G. Haselwarter", "Matija Pretnar", "Christopher A. Stone" ]
[ "cs.LO" ]
2,018
en
Computer Science
[ -0.04020363837480545, 0.007952200248837471, -0.012767784297466278, 0.039532050490379333, 0.014713860116899014, -0.040569961071014404, -0.005151377525180578, 0.012737257406115532, 0.03254144266247749, -0.00228568515740335, -0.03623517230153084, 0.00597178190946579, 0.02469608560204506, 0.00...
bc72f03ea30890914901d3ebd6655cbd9d162db8
subsection
8
69
The nucleus
The nucleus is the part of the system that implements the object-level type theory. Its functionality includes the following:formation and decomposition of term and type judgments, construction of equality judgments, substitution and syntactic equality checking, pretty-printing of judgments and export to JSON.Before...
{ "cite_spans": [] }
1802.06217
Design and Implementation of the Andromeda Proof Assistant
[ "Andrej Bauer", "Gaëtan Gilbert", "Philipp G. Haselwarter", "Matija Pretnar", "Christopher A. Stone" ]
[ "cs.LO" ]
2,018
en
Computer Science
[ -0.026204314082860947, -0.0229688361287117, -0.024952854961156845, 0.034644026309251785, -0.016940470784902573, -0.04019927978515625, 0.007710966747254133, 0.022755172103643417, 0.02603643573820591, 0.0134073905646801, -0.014834358356893063, -0.02283148095011711, -0.026845304295420647, 0.0...
db0efa3e0be067ab1a4c61e41e0529578b69da84
subsection
9
69
Type theory with equality reflection
The Andromeda nucleus implements an extensional Martin-Löf type theory , with dependent products \mathop {\textstyle \prod _{(x {:} A)}}{B} and equality types \mathsf {Eq}_{A}(s,t). Complete rules are provided in Appendix . Fundamentally, the system is not too far removed from the more common intensional Martin-Löf typ...
{ "cite_spans": [ { "arxiv_id": "", "doi": "", "end": 182, "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W569543113", "raw": "Per Martin-Löf and Giovanni Sambin. Intuitionistic type theory. Studies in Proof Theory. Bibliopolis, 1984.", "source_ref_id": "105222f6f6a92119451cbc617384b9bd4...
1802.06217
Design and Implementation of the Andromeda Proof Assistant
[ "Andrej Bauer", "Gaëtan Gilbert", "Philipp G. Haselwarter", "Matija Pretnar", "Christopher A. Stone" ]
[ "cs.LO" ]
2,018
en
Computer Science
[ -0.03505813330411911, -0.01462281122803688, -0.0029329529497772455, 0.04485243931412697, -0.000021870808268431574, -0.04884949326515198, 0.010526592843234539, 0.022716082632541656, 0.05574517697095871, 0.024409491568803787, -0.01980219967663288, -0.02148035168647766, -0.049459733068943024, ...
c3c3ddc3f42b59473c07b379bb87ca41b0bfaf5c
subsection
10
69
Type theory with equality reflection
These annotations ensure that terms have unique types up to equality: working again under the assumption (REF ), we can apply the identity function at type \mathsf {Nat}\rightarrow \mathsf {Nat} to get (\lambda x {:} \mathsf {Nat}.{\mathsf {Nat}}\,.\,{x})\mathbin {@^{x{:}\mathsf {Nat}.\mathsf {Nat}}} 0 of type \mathsf ...
{ "cite_spans": [ { "arxiv_id": "", "doi": "", "end": 2022, "openalex_id": "", "raw": "Jean-Yves Girard. Interprétation fonctionelle et élimination des coupures de l’arithmétique d’ordre supérieur. PhD thesis, Université Paris VII, 1972.", "source_ref_id": "7e12587325b3f700084b...
1802.06217
Design and Implementation of the Andromeda Proof Assistant
[ "Andrej Bauer", "Gaëtan Gilbert", "Philipp G. Haselwarter", "Matija Pretnar", "Christopher A. Stone" ]
[ "cs.LO" ]
2,018
en
Computer Science
[ -0.048721298575401306, 0.003315839683637023, -0.006715576630085707, 0.02611485868692398, -0.007413447368890047, -0.06516511738300323, 0.010670177638530731, 0.03599945455789566, 0.04277223348617554, 0.008641394786536694, -0.01536841131746769, -0.00009098776354221627, -0.012737095355987549, ...
6e06110a130f8d16999ae5b54a8b1c7d9b150d3c
subsection
11
69
Type theory with equality reflection
(For the same reason, both Coq and Agda allow the assumption \mathsf {Type}: \mathsf {Type} as an option.) Nevertheless, although users are unlikely to stumble into inconsistencies by accident, we ultimately want a sound foundation, and plan to remove \text{\textsc {ty-type}}, as discussed in §.
{ "cite_spans": [] }
1802.06217
Design and Implementation of the Andromeda Proof Assistant
[ "Andrej Bauer", "Gaëtan Gilbert", "Philipp G. Haselwarter", "Matija Pretnar", "Christopher A. Stone" ]
[ "cs.LO" ]
2,018
en
Computer Science
[ -0.01820135861635208, -0.0038695053663104773, -0.021100150421261787, 0.0037074016872793436, 0.03512114658951759, -0.041864652186632156, 0.02987281046807766, -0.0032363482750952244, 0.04970664530992508, 0.03493806719779968, 0.02262583002448082, 0.0012424754677340388, 0.0010031344136223197, ...
6acf1eecb469edce76d26f07451b5ab103b3cd78
subsection
12
69
Implementation of type theory
The type theory implemented in the nucleus differs from the one presented in several ways. The changes are inessential from a theoretical point of view, but have significant practical impact. We describe them in this section.
{ "cite_spans": [] }
1802.06217
Design and Implementation of the Andromeda Proof Assistant
[ "Andrej Bauer", "Gaëtan Gilbert", "Philipp G. Haselwarter", "Matija Pretnar", "Christopher A. Stone" ]
[ "cs.LO" ]
2,018
en
Computer Science
[ 0.010255767963826656, 0.009431644342839718, -0.017917070537805557, 0.018069686368107796, -0.035803619772195816, -0.07398804277181625, 0.027409762144088745, 0.0573834665119648, 0.01852753385901451, 0.016986116766929626, 0.0005022006807848811, -0.04151144251227379, -0.0373297743499279, -0.01...
1d225fb31c621986d6bd8b83bbdf80255aa4c1cb
subsection
13
69
Signatures
In Andromeda the user extends the type theory by postulating constants, i.e., they work in type theory over a signature. In this respect Andromeda is much like other proof assistants that allow the user to state axioms and postulates. The signature is controlled by the nucleus through an abstract datatype whose interfa...
{ "cite_spans": [] }
1802.06217
Design and Implementation of the Andromeda Proof Assistant
[ "Andrej Bauer", "Gaëtan Gilbert", "Philipp G. Haselwarter", "Matija Pretnar", "Christopher A. Stone" ]
[ "cs.LO" ]
2,018
en
Computer Science
[ -0.03466949611902237, 0.0035421024076640606, 0.005932115484029055, 0.004913546610623598, -0.031617604196071625, -0.06848446279764175, 0.039277851581573486, 0.0548730231821537, 0.03418119251728058, -0.017182152718305588, -0.006111414171755314, -0.022400889545679092, 0.010010206140577793, -0...
05769e8ce6ef6014cf217dd92e07d0ff4f192d2b
subsection
14
69
Inversion principles and natural types
The nucleus implements inversion principles for deconstruction of judgments into sub-judgments; these are exposed in AML through pattern matching, cf. §REF . For example, an application \Gamma \vdash s\mathbin {@^{x{:}A.B}} t : C can be decomposed into \Gamma \vdash s : \mathop {\textstyle \prod _{(x {:} A)}}{B}, \Gamm...
{ "cite_spans": [] }
1802.06217
Design and Implementation of the Andromeda Proof Assistant
[ "Andrej Bauer", "Gaëtan Gilbert", "Philipp G. Haselwarter", "Matija Pretnar", "Christopher A. Stone" ]
[ "cs.LO" ]
2,018
en
Computer Science
[ -0.023465069010853767, 0.0064498428255319595, -0.011396883055567741, 0.03252765163779259, -0.0009063535835593939, -0.04677756875753403, 0.007128773257136345, 0.012373323552310467, 0.027660708874464035, 0.03814218193292618, -0.04757092893123627, -0.028957543894648552, -0.004107913002371788, ...
4fdde06e73e78300074da84e22a3253653f13734
subsection
15
69
Assumption sets
The nucleus is responsible for decomposing judgments into their component parts, a facility used by pattern matching in AML. For example, we can combinef : \mathsf {Nat}\rightarrow \mathsf {Nat} \vdash f : \mathsf {Nat}\rightarrow \mathsf {Nat} \qquad \text{and}\qquad x: \mathsf {Nat} \vdash x : \mathsf {Nat}(using wea...
{ "cite_spans": [] }
1802.06217
Design and Implementation of the Andromeda Proof Assistant
[ "Andrej Bauer", "Gaëtan Gilbert", "Philipp G. Haselwarter", "Matija Pretnar", "Christopher A. Stone" ]
[ "cs.LO" ]
2,018
en
Computer Science
[ -0.007872804068028927, -0.006404282059520483, -0.015348916873335838, 0.028897462412714958, 0.0034043011255562305, -0.05584198236465454, 0.050196755677461624, 0.021482380107045174, 0.026929261162877083, 0.0013102268567308784, -0.04565005749464035, 0.008048263378441334, -0.021039916202425957, ...
d70e369b2649fbe1dcab5280d13e54a6e169fa14
subsection
16
69
Context joins
The standard rules of inference require the contexts of the premises to match, for instance the application rule \text{\textsc {term-app}} does not allow a change of the context:{\Gamma \vdash s : \mathop {\textstyle \prod _{(x {:} A)}} B \\ \Gamma \vdash t : A } {\Gamma \vdash s\mathbin {@^{x{:}A.B}} t : B[t/x]}If we ...
{ "cite_spans": [] }
1802.06217
Design and Implementation of the Andromeda Proof Assistant
[ "Andrej Bauer", "Gaëtan Gilbert", "Philipp G. Haselwarter", "Matija Pretnar", "Christopher A. Stone" ]
[ "cs.LO" ]
2,018
en
Computer Science
[ -0.022340169176459312, 0.01744181290268898, -0.03396804630756378, 0.006744777783751488, -0.017121359705924988, -0.06158806383609772, -0.0005107223405502737, 0.00789688341319561, 0.006668479647487402, 0.028474560007452965, -0.057986777275800705, 0.00758024537935853, -0.00016141879314091057, ...
19123b3e74cf8f9a961249ac1371004e1d9501cf
subsection
17
69
The Andromeda meta-language
The Andromeda meta-language (AML) is a programming language in the style of ML . We review its structure and capabilities, focusing on the parts that are peculiar to Andromeda. For constructs that are standard in the ML-family of languages, such as type definitions, |let|-bindings, recursive functions, etc., we refer t...
{ "cite_spans": [ { "arxiv_id": "", "doi": "10.7551/mitpress/2319.001.0001", "end": 80, "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W1829244603", "raw": "Robin Milner, Mads Tofte, and Robert Harper. The Definition of Standard ML. MIT Press, 1990.", "source_ref_id": "2122025e5ee163137c...
1802.06217
Design and Implementation of the Andromeda Proof Assistant
[ "Andrej Bauer", "Gaëtan Gilbert", "Philipp G. Haselwarter", "Matija Pretnar", "Christopher A. Stone" ]
[ "cs.LO" ]
2,018
en
Computer Science
[ -0.02143201045691967, -0.03725051134824753, -0.0019315503304824233, -0.01181429997086525, -0.009198222309350967, -0.04905718192458153, 0.0002779106143862009, 0.01279818918555975, 0.018884574994444847, -0.03728101775050163, -0.011982095427811146, -0.010929562151432037, 0.021386247128248215, ...
f55e9d9725f93ef481e4c548280b40b0c1151956
subsection
18
69
ML-types
AML is equipped with static type inference in the style of Hindley-Milner parametric polymorphism . It supports definitions of parametric ML-types, including inductive types. The only non-standard aspect of the ML-type inference arises from the fact that application is overloaded, as it is used both for invoking ML-lev...
{ "cite_spans": [ { "arxiv_id": "", "doi": "10.1145/582153.582176", "end": 99, "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W2163976959", "raw": "Luis Damas and Robin Milner. Principal type-schemes for functional programs. In Proceedings of the 9th ACM SIGPLAN-SIGACT Symposium on Principles ...
1802.06217
Design and Implementation of the Andromeda Proof Assistant
[ "Andrej Bauer", "Gaëtan Gilbert", "Philipp G. Haselwarter", "Matija Pretnar", "Christopher A. Stone" ]
[ "cs.LO" ]
2,018
en
Computer Science
[ -0.015964705497026443, -0.02197817899286747, -0.008943897671997547, 0.031379956752061844, -0.0007984260446392, -0.03238729014992714, 0.027594825252890587, 0.04194169119000435, 0.034157752990722656, 0.017765695229172707, -0.034737732261419296, 0.010142014361917973, 0.015842603519558907, 0.0...
5a1436267527a9cf7f9132cee993abc53b7c00a8
subsection
19
69
Pattern matching
AML pattern matching in |match| statements and |let|-bindings is more flexible than that of Standard ML and related languages. AML patterns need not be linear (i.e., a pattern variable may appear several times in a pattern) and variables may be interpolated into patterns. Pattern variables are prefixed with |?| so that...
{ "cite_spans": [] }
1802.06217
Design and Implementation of the Andromeda Proof Assistant
[ "Andrej Bauer", "Gaëtan Gilbert", "Philipp G. Haselwarter", "Matija Pretnar", "Christopher A. Stone" ]
[ "cs.LO" ]
2,018
en
Computer Science
[ -0.020539987832307816, -0.006805969402194023, -0.015977241098880768, 0.046390462666749954, 0.0037120000924915075, -0.0390656515955925, 0.025865735486149788, 0.04086633399128914, 0.004047720693051815, -0.020295826718211174, -0.002666688524186611, -0.019334446638822556, 0.01770162396132946, ...
daa0c669f0a881189e4f693846154564fa182000
subsection
20
69
Operations and handlers
During evaluation of a computation of ML-type \mathtt {judgment} the interpreter may need evidence of equality between two types (in order to present it to the nucleus), which it gets by passing control back to user code, together with information on what needs to be done, and how to resume the evaluation once the evid...
{ "cite_spans": [ { "arxiv_id": "", "doi": "10.2168/lmcs-9(4:23)2013", "end": 435, "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W2129902163", "raw": "Gordon D. Plotkin and Matija Pretnar. Handling algebraic effects. Logical Methods in Computer Science, 9(4), 2013.", "source_ref_id": "9...
1802.06217
Design and Implementation of the Andromeda Proof Assistant
[ "Andrej Bauer", "Gaëtan Gilbert", "Philipp G. Haselwarter", "Matija Pretnar", "Christopher A. Stone" ]
[ "cs.LO" ]
2,018
en
Computer Science
[ -0.028793886303901672, 0.008438271470367908, -0.005977745167911053, 0.03158629685640335, 0.02667287364602089, 0.0068322536535561085, -0.01770053431391716, 0.038788583129644394, 0.01908911019563675, 0.004779906943440437, -0.03035031259059906, 0.02038613148033619, 0.01783786527812481, 0.0409...
dce7254aafb3b67d2a351522eb7b19ee56795d0c
subsection
21
69
The datatype
In Andromeda the user always works with an entire judgment \Gamma \vdash t : A, and never a bare term t. Similarly a type A never stands by itself, but always in a judgment \Gamma \vdash A : \mathsf {Type}. The judgments are represented by values of a special primitive type \mathtt {judgment}.
{ "cite_spans": [] }
1802.06217
Design and Implementation of the Andromeda Proof Assistant
[ "Andrej Bauer", "Gaëtan Gilbert", "Philipp G. Haselwarter", "Matija Pretnar", "Christopher A. Stone" ]
[ "cs.LO" ]
2,018
en
Computer Science
[ -0.008080934174358845, 0.0061236536130309105, -0.022327490150928497, -0.00842431653290987, -0.025181381031870842, -0.06144256889820099, 0.030477100983262062, 0.019168371334671974, 0.047707270830869675, -0.018908927217125893, 0.0195193849503994, 0.012773827649652958, -0.004170189145952463, ...
8317afcbd620268542dc554b4e01a61e500e8ce6
subsection
22
69
Judgment forms
The OCaml interface for the nucleus uses distinct abstract datatypes to represent the different judgment forms. These distinctions are not visible to the user, because AML exposes all forms through the single datatype \mathtt {judgment} whose values are judgments of the form \Gamma \vdash t : A. This is possible becaus...
{ "cite_spans": [] }
1802.06217
Design and Implementation of the Andromeda Proof Assistant
[ "Andrej Bauer", "Gaëtan Gilbert", "Philipp G. Haselwarter", "Matija Pretnar", "Christopher A. Stone" ]
[ "cs.LO" ]
2,018
en
Computer Science
[ -0.03325639292597771, 0.013310184702277184, -0.019160564988851547, -0.0001833010755944997, -0.017192639410495758, -0.05525442957878113, 0.03243261203169823, 0.027123792096972466, 0.0028164961840957403, 0.002885144669562578, 0.0064758434891700745, 0.0005868495209142566, 0.00944298505783081, ...
b31bbb5de270e3ef318960bb12d475291a05eda4
subsection
23
69
Inferring and checking modes of evaluation
There are two modes of AML evaluation, inferring and checking. In inferring mode the type of the result is unconstrained. In checking mode the type is prescribed in advance: there is given a type A (or more precisely, a judgment \Gamma \vdash A : \mathsf {Type}) and the computation must evaluate to a judgment of the fo...
{ "cite_spans": [] }
1802.06217
Design and Implementation of the Andromeda Proof Assistant
[ "Andrej Bauer", "Gaëtan Gilbert", "Philipp G. Haselwarter", "Matija Pretnar", "Christopher A. Stone" ]
[ "cs.LO" ]
2,018
en
Computer Science
[ -0.00649117399007082, -0.007242502644658089, -0.01984727941453457, 0.03908434137701988, -0.015247775241732597, -0.021327052265405655, 0.012006002478301525, 0.04399658367037773, 0.011319508776068687, 0.02431711181998253, -0.018275972455739975, -0.022669529542326927, 0.029702268540859222, -0...
880a66cd6b0a0eb28b5a1e5f6ce0b52b56845ebb
subsection
24
69
Judgment computations
The following primitives for computing judgments are provided:Primitives for term and type formation: \mathtt {Type}\qquad \Pi (x {:} c_1),\, c_2 \qquad c_1 \, c_2 \qquad \lambda (x {:} c_1),\, c_2 \qquad c_1 \equiv c_2 \qquad \mathtt {refl}\,c. Note that the notation c_1 \equiv c_2 is used for the equality type, rat...
{ "cite_spans": [] }
1802.06217
Design and Implementation of the Andromeda Proof Assistant
[ "Andrej Bauer", "Gaëtan Gilbert", "Philipp G. Haselwarter", "Matija Pretnar", "Christopher A. Stone" ]
[ "cs.LO" ]
2,018
en
Computer Science
[ -0.022966932505369186, 0.03216896578669548, -0.044529907405376434, 0.029300007969141006, 0.0015441637951880693, -0.057653870433568954, 0.039524491876363754, 0.05182439088821411, 0.04059271886944771, 0.01416930090636015, -0.012902685441076756, -0.03482428193092346, 0.001987669849768281, 0.0...
d1055329c83ed8017ac6c509338850947ce5e4a3
subsection
25
69
Judgment patterns
Apart from computations that form judgments, we also need flexible ways of analyzing and deconstructing them. In AML this is done with the \mathtt {match} statement and judgment patterns of the form \vdash p_1 : p_2, where p_2 may be omitted, and p_1 and p_2 are among the following:Anonymous pattern ||, pattern variabl...
{ "cite_spans": [] }
1802.06217
Design and Implementation of the Andromeda Proof Assistant
[ "Andrej Bauer", "Gaëtan Gilbert", "Philipp G. Haselwarter", "Matija Pretnar", "Christopher A. Stone" ]
[ "cs.LO" ]
2,018
en
Computer Science
[ -0.024416610598564148, 0.002813632832840085, -0.029101548716425896, 0.030337639153003693, 0.0029471612069755793, -0.02997138909995556, 0.04205761104822159, 0.011910728178918362, 0.0278807170689106, 0.004810835234820843, -0.05432695895433426, -0.006542888469994068, 0.01713740825653076, 0.03...
7271f4bbbf8456b521934ff38d2635f87658b252
subsection
26
69
Judgment patterns
Instead, the primitive computation \mathtt {context}\,c evaluates c to a judgment \Gamma \vdash t : A and gives the list of all hypotheses in \Gamma , sorted so that each hypothesis is preceded by its dependencies.
{ "cite_spans": [] }
1802.06217
Design and Implementation of the Andromeda Proof Assistant
[ "Andrej Bauer", "Gaëtan Gilbert", "Philipp G. Haselwarter", "Matija Pretnar", "Christopher A. Stone" ]
[ "cs.LO" ]
2,018
en
Computer Science
[ -0.006968090310692787, 0.016811899840831757, -0.04720146954059601, 0.0030606966465711594, -0.0031732080969959497, -0.012929297983646393, 0.03856668248772621, 0.030450593680143356, 0.026804454624652863, 0.02218194492161274, -0.02279217727482319, -0.028604639694094658, -0.01659831963479519, ...
c0307d7a5c714d2cb774f86c4e183f6b61d12162
subsection
27
69
Equality checks and coercions
AML only verifies syntactic equality automatically. It delegates any other equality \Gamma \vdash s ~ \equiv ~ t : A by triggering the operation \mathtt {equal}\,(\Gamma \vdash s : A)\,(\Gamma \vdash t : B), which passes control back to the user-level AML code. The operation may go unhandled, in which case an error is ...
{ "cite_spans": [] }
1802.06217
Design and Implementation of the Andromeda Proof Assistant
[ "Andrej Bauer", "Gaëtan Gilbert", "Philipp G. Haselwarter", "Matija Pretnar", "Christopher A. Stone" ]
[ "cs.LO" ]
2,018
en
Computer Science
[ -0.01034328993409872, 0.006456928327679634, -0.018688097596168518, 0.006937479600310326, 0.0009324979619123042, -0.012463817372918129, 0.0022273161448538303, 0.03107563778758049, 0.014958105981349945, 0.004790255334228277, -0.03337923064827919, -0.009023681282997131, 0.008077834732830524, ...
4c035b10468e65785cab6535d00c82f33e2e0b1d
subsection
28
69
Equality checks and coercions
If the head c_1 of an application c_1 \, c_2 evaluates to a term \Gamma \vdash t : A where A is not a product type, the interpreter asks the user code to convert t to a function by triggering the operation \mathtt {coerce{_}fun}\,(\Gamma \vdash t : A). The handler should yield \mathtt {NotCoercible}, \mathtt {Convertib...
{ "cite_spans": [] }
1802.06217
Design and Implementation of the Andromeda Proof Assistant
[ "Andrej Bauer", "Gaëtan Gilbert", "Philipp G. Haselwarter", "Matija Pretnar", "Christopher A. Stone" ]
[ "cs.LO" ]
2,018
en
Computer Science
[ -0.009169621393084526, 0.017500093206763268, -0.015470875427126884, 0.02242819219827652, -0.0050349002704024315, -0.020139601081609726, -0.0023801347706466913, 0.011664185672998428, 0.008216042071580887, 0.02857687510550022, -0.02343517355620861, -0.0292634516954422, 0.012327877804636955, ...
22ad30df15bfb89b314938627805a528835fc550
subsection
29
69
References and dynamic variables
As a convenience, AML provides ML-style mutable references. They are used to store the current state of implicit arguments in the standard library (see §REF ).AML also supports dynamic variables. These are globally defined mutable values with dynamic binding discipline. A dynamic variable x is declared and initialized ...
{ "cite_spans": [] }
1802.06217
Design and Implementation of the Andromeda Proof Assistant
[ "Andrej Bauer", "Gaëtan Gilbert", "Philipp G. Haselwarter", "Matija Pretnar", "Christopher A. Stone" ]
[ "cs.LO" ]
2,018
en
Computer Science
[ -0.07036571949720383, -0.012823587283492088, -0.013487271033227444, 0.042628321796655655, 0.0011795640457421541, -0.03557954356074333, 0.037868108600378036, 0.007887917570769787, 0.01614200510084629, 0.010001025162637234, -0.04857858642935753, 0.0016716053942218423, -0.006896206643432379, ...
4f1a017cefe41c6c06f41fea4291f070cb26fe92
subsection
30
69
Soundness of Andromeda
Soundness in Andromeda has both theoretical and engineering aspects.Theoretical soundness pertains to the differences between the original type theory, (Appendix ) and the type theory implemented in the nucleus (§REF ), which uses assumption sets, context joins, and natural types. In the following we write s^\sigma for...
{ "cite_spans": [] }
1802.06217
Design and Implementation of the Andromeda Proof Assistant
[ "Andrej Bauer", "Gaëtan Gilbert", "Philipp G. Haselwarter", "Matija Pretnar", "Christopher A. Stone" ]
[ "cs.LO" ]
2,018
en
Computer Science
[ -0.0196703989058733, 0.026552749797701836, -0.017396628856658936, -0.006035409402102232, -0.005466966889798641, -0.04791703075170517, 0.011048384942114353, 0.049900855869054794, 0.04523123428225517, 0.033389318734407425, 0.002622846979647875, 0.011200987733900547, -0.0124523239210248, -0.0...
995d27e99ab93ce8f921ba5ed934a8dc0bccd5f5
subsection
31
69
Soundness of Andromeda
As soon as we remove \mathsf {Type}: \mathsf {Type} the theory becomes consistent, since what remains are just bare products and equality types with reflection, and these are consistent in virtue of having a model (such as the hereditarily finite sets). We discuss removal of \mathsf {Type}: \mathsf {Type} in §. The sta...
{ "cite_spans": [ { "arxiv_id": "", "doi": "10.1145/1183278.1183281", "end": 899, "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W2161017670", "raw": "Christopher A. Stone and Robert Harper. Extensional equivalence and singleton types. ACM Transactions on Computational Logic, 7(4):676–722, Oct...
1802.06217
Design and Implementation of the Andromeda Proof Assistant
[ "Andrej Bauer", "Gaëtan Gilbert", "Philipp G. Haselwarter", "Matija Pretnar", "Christopher A. Stone" ]
[ "cs.LO" ]
2,018
en
Computer Science
[ -0.026865117251873016, -0.0020194603130221367, -0.02967214770615101, -0.00414571026340127, 0.01751343160867691, -0.03810849413275719, 0.016659118235111237, 0.010999289341270924, 0.04576680809259415, 0.033592838793992996, -0.040640927851200104, 0.02216639183461666, -0.0371321365237236, 0.01...
4bb0d5519f50da0d14070d48fa550762dacddd83
subsection
32
69
Soundness of Andromeda
There are three kinds: an \eta -hint, or an extensionality hint, is a term whose type has the form \mathop {\textstyle \prod _{(x_1 {:} A_1)}} \cdots \mathop {\textstyle \prod _{(x_n {:} A_m)}} \mathop {\textstyle \prod _{(y_1 {:} B)}} \mathop {\textstyle \prod _{(y_2 {:} B)}} \mathsf {Eq}_{C_1}(t_1,s_1) \rightarrow ...
{ "cite_spans": [] }
1802.06217
Design and Implementation of the Andromeda Proof Assistant
[ "Andrej Bauer", "Gaëtan Gilbert", "Philipp G. Haselwarter", "Matija Pretnar", "Christopher A. Stone" ]
[ "cs.LO" ]
2,018
en
Computer Science
[ -0.03469240665435791, -0.0026507501024752855, -0.028406886383891106, 0.007826386950910091, -0.01077844575047493, -0.05376255139708519, 0.011457342654466629, 0.046378590166568756, 0.020092304795980453, 0.0006550594698637724, -0.06651666760444641, 0.014500938355922699, -0.016064690425992012, ...
4ad8197dacfd27aefacb0c63a13cb4a1de2429df
subsection
33
69
Soundness of Andromeda
Another example is the recursor for natural numbers, which should eagerly reduce the number at which it is applied. Examples of equality hints and uses of reduction strategies will be shown in §. Let us only remark that the hints and reduction strategies may be installed locally, even under a binder using a temporary e...
{ "cite_spans": [] }
1802.06217
Design and Implementation of the Andromeda Proof Assistant
[ "Andrej Bauer", "Gaëtan Gilbert", "Philipp G. Haselwarter", "Matija Pretnar", "Christopher A. Stone" ]
[ "cs.LO" ]
2,018
en
Computer Science
[ -0.05165906250476837, 0.0016696510137990117, -0.03682958334684372, 0.03585315868258476, -0.0019299678970128298, -0.038172170519828796, 0.000031884042982710525, 0.0012367432937026024, 0.052116759121418, -0.0011156435357406735, -0.04793643578886986, -0.00295788561925292, -0.01878095231950283, ...
2dd7116e5fbca2022487f9e6d8b1d1b3ba7cdf01
subsection
34
69
Soundness of Andromeda
To see how this works, let us walk through a computation that constructs a term witnessing symmetry of equality (without the standard library installed): λ (A : Type) (x y : A) (p : x ≡ y), (handle refl x : y ≡ x with | equal x y ⇒ yield (Some p) end) The \lambda -abstraction introduces a type A, elements x, y of typ...
{ "cite_spans": [] }
1802.06217
Design and Implementation of the Andromeda Proof Assistant
[ "Andrej Bauer", "Gaëtan Gilbert", "Philipp G. Haselwarter", "Matija Pretnar", "Christopher A. Stone" ]
[ "cs.LO" ]
2,018
en
Computer Science
[ -0.03862493112683296, -0.0019716715905815363, -0.003359850263223052, 0.01984637975692749, -0.007020981051027775, -0.034201063215732574, 0.05003545433282852, -0.0059531512670218945, 0.05409320816397667, -0.014980127103626728, -0.04085211828351021, 0.013103798031806946, -0.006437488365918398, ...
238c7d2e4d1f1e06fe217db6364ed14b17389156
subsection
35
69
Soundness of Andromeda
The \beta -rules are straightforward, except that we must install the \beta -rule for the first projection before we postulate the second projection, or else Andromeda does not know why the second projection is well typed: constant π₁β : Π (A : Type) (B : A → Type) (a : A) (b : B a), (π₁ A B (existT A B a b) ≡ a) now ...
{ "cite_spans": [] }
1802.06217
Design and Implementation of the Andromeda Proof Assistant
[ "Andrej Bauer", "Gaëtan Gilbert", "Philipp G. Haselwarter", "Matija Pretnar", "Christopher A. Stone" ]
[ "cs.LO" ]
2,018
en
Computer Science
[ -0.05182420462369919, 0.0017167911864817142, -0.0008474272326566279, 0.008324529975652695, 0.003504161722958088, -0.06775602698326111, 0.030276566743850708, 0.0005579571588896215, 0.04636099189519882, 0.020525192841887474, -0.03937174379825592, -0.008538175374269485, -0.024676011875271797, ...
b97d03b163078a168fc3685ecc94a5a5e15b9598
subsection
36
69
Soundness of Andromeda
For example, we may define addition as follows: constant ( + ) : nat → nat → nat constant plusdef : ∏ (n m : nat), n + m ≡ natrect (λ , nat) n (λ x, S x) m Note that plusdef could be written as constant plusdef' : ( + ) ≡ (λ (n m : nat), natrect (λ , nat) n (λ x, S x) m) The difference between the two is visible wh...
{ "cite_spans": [] }
1802.06217
Design and Implementation of the Andromeda Proof Assistant
[ "Andrej Bauer", "Gaëtan Gilbert", "Philipp G. Haselwarter", "Matija Pretnar", "Christopher A. Stone" ]
[ "cs.LO" ]
2,018
en
Computer Science
[ -0.00696394219994545, -0.007566517684608698, -0.03234076127409935, -0.01109043974429369, -0.006349925417453051, -0.0696851834654808, 0.04210400953888893, 0.039541155099868774, 0.04329390451312065, 0.003903392469510436, -0.047809407114982605, 0.02715403400361538, -0.06577988713979721, -0.00...
a48f913f2247de1d2506c9d5c3ad6cf02cb491a2
subsection
37
69
Soundness of Andromeda
Notice that the proof of equality between 3 \times 4 and 12 is a reflexivity term, even though the normalization procedure generated the proof by stringing together a large number of reduction steps. In order to keep equality proofs small, the standard library aggressively replaces equality proofs with reflection terms...
{ "cite_spans": [] }
1802.06217
Design and Implementation of the Andromeda Proof Assistant
[ "Andrej Bauer", "Gaëtan Gilbert", "Philipp G. Haselwarter", "Matija Pretnar", "Christopher A. Stone" ]
[ "cs.LO" ]
2,018
en
Computer Science
[ -0.020999547094106674, 0.022724073380231857, -0.023761842399835587, -0.0038439396303147078, 0.0007730801589787006, -0.03284231573343277, 0.030141064897179604, 0.010713431984186172, 0.03256761282682419, -0.017703106626868248, -0.0338495597243309, -0.014177746139466763, 0.01591753400862217, ...