accessibility-atlas / crdc_disability_data.json
lukeslp's picture
add crdc_disability_data.json
182f8ca verified
{
"metadata": {
"source": "Civil Rights Data Collection (CRDC)",
"publisher": "U.S. Department of Education, Office for Civil Rights",
"api_base_url": "https://civilrightsdata.ed.gov/api/v1.0",
"website": "https://civilrightsdata.ed.gov/",
"data_gov_url": "https://catalog.data.gov/dataset/civil-rights-data-collection-crdc",
"collection_years_available": {
"10": "2020-21",
"9": "2017-18",
"8": "2015-16",
"7": "2013-14",
"6": "2011-12"
},
"primary_collection_year": "2020-21",
"primary_year_key": 10,
"fetch_date": "2026-02-12",
"description": "The CRDC collects data from all public schools and districts on student enrollment, access to courses and programs, and school climate factors. Data is disaggregated by race, ethnicity, sex, disability (IDEA and Section 504), and English Learner status.",
"notes": [
"IDEA = Individuals with Disabilities Education Act - students with IEPs",
"Section 504 = Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act - students with 504 plans (separate from IDEA)",
"b_ prefix = both genders, m_ = male, f_ = female in raw API",
"Dis = IDEA disability, DIS5 = Section 504 disability in raw API",
"2019-20 was skipped due to COVID-19; 2020-21 is the most recent available in this API",
"The 2021-22 CRDC has been collected but data not yet available in this API as of Feb 2026"
]
},
"states_reference": [
{
"state_Id": 1,
"state_Code": "AK",
"stateName": "Alaska",
"regionKey": 12,
"region": "Western - Seattle"
},
{
"state_Id": 2,
"state_Code": "AL",
"stateName": "Alabama",
"regionKey": 7,
"region": "Southern - Atlanta"
},
{
"state_Id": 3,
"state_Code": "AR",
"stateName": "Arkansas",
"regionKey": 8,
"region": "Southern - Dallas"
},
{
"state_Id": 4,
"state_Code": "AZ",
"stateName": "Arizona",
"regionKey": 10,
"region": "Western - Denver"
},
{
"state_Id": 5,
"state_Code": "CA",
"stateName": "California",
"regionKey": 11,
"region": "Western - San Francisco"
},
{
"state_Id": 6,
"state_Code": "CO",
"stateName": "Colorado",
"regionKey": 10,
"region": "Western - Denver"
},
{
"state_Id": 7,
"state_Code": "CT",
"stateName": "Connecticut",
"regionKey": 1,
"region": "Eastern - Boston"
},
{
"state_Id": 8,
"state_Code": "DC",
"stateName": "District of Columbia",
"regionKey": 9,
"region": "Southern - District of Columbia"
},
{
"state_Id": 9,
"state_Code": "DE",
"stateName": "Delaware",
"regionKey": 3,
"region": "Eastern - Philadelphia"
},
{
"state_Id": 10,
"state_Code": "FL",
"stateName": "Florida",
"regionKey": 7,
"region": "Southern - Atlanta"
},
{
"state_Id": 11,
"state_Code": "GA",
"stateName": "Georgia",
"regionKey": 7,
"region": "Southern - Atlanta"
},
{
"state_Id": 12,
"state_Code": "HI",
"stateName": "Hawaii",
"regionKey": 12,
"region": "Western - Seattle"
},
{
"state_Id": 13,
"state_Code": "IA",
"stateName": "Iowa",
"regionKey": 4,
"region": "Midwestern - Chicago"
},
{
"state_Id": 14,
"state_Code": "ID",
"stateName": "Idaho",
"regionKey": 12,
"region": "Western - Seattle"
},
{
"state_Id": 15,
"state_Code": "IL",
"stateName": "Illinois",
"regionKey": 4,
"region": "Midwestern - Chicago"
},
{
"state_Id": 16,
"state_Code": "IN",
"stateName": "Indiana",
"regionKey": 4,
"region": "Midwestern - Chicago"
},
{
"state_Id": 17,
"state_Code": "KS",
"stateName": "Kansas",
"regionKey": 6,
"region": "Midwestern - Kansas City"
},
{
"state_Id": 18,
"state_Code": "KY",
"stateName": "Kentucky",
"regionKey": 3,
"region": "Eastern - Philadelphia"
},
{
"state_Id": 19,
"state_Code": "LA",
"stateName": "Louisiana",
"regionKey": 8,
"region": "Southern - Dallas"
},
{
"state_Id": 20,
"state_Code": "MA",
"stateName": "Massachusetts",
"regionKey": 1,
"region": "Eastern - Boston"
},
{
"state_Id": 21,
"state_Code": "MD",
"stateName": "Maryland",
"regionKey": 3,
"region": "Eastern - Philadelphia"
},
{
"state_Id": 22,
"state_Code": "ME",
"stateName": "Maine",
"regionKey": 1,
"region": "Eastern - Boston"
},
{
"state_Id": 23,
"state_Code": "MI",
"stateName": "Michigan",
"regionKey": 5,
"region": "Midwestern - Cleveland"
},
{
"state_Id": 24,
"state_Code": "MN",
"stateName": "Minnesota",
"regionKey": 4,
"region": "Midwestern - Chicago"
},
{
"state_Id": 25,
"state_Code": "MO",
"stateName": "Missouri",
"regionKey": 6,
"region": "Midwestern - Kansas City"
},
{
"state_Id": 26,
"state_Code": "MS",
"stateName": "Mississippi",
"regionKey": 8,
"region": "Southern - Dallas"
},
{
"state_Id": 27,
"state_Code": "MT",
"stateName": "Montana",
"regionKey": 12,
"region": "Western - Seattle"
},
{
"state_Id": 28,
"state_Code": "NC",
"stateName": "North Carolina",
"regionKey": 9,
"region": "Southern - District of Columbia"
},
{
"state_Id": 29,
"state_Code": "ND",
"stateName": "North Dakota",
"regionKey": 4,
"region": "Midwestern - Chicago"
},
{
"state_Id": 30,
"state_Code": "NE",
"stateName": "Nebraska",
"regionKey": 6,
"region": "Midwestern - Kansas City"
},
{
"state_Id": 31,
"state_Code": "NH",
"stateName": "New Hampshire",
"regionKey": 1,
"region": "Eastern - Boston"
},
{
"state_Id": 32,
"state_Code": "NJ",
"stateName": "New Jersey",
"regionKey": 2,
"region": "Eastern - New York"
},
{
"state_Id": 33,
"state_Code": "NM",
"stateName": "New Mexico",
"regionKey": 10,
"region": "Western - Denver"
},
{
"state_Id": 34,
"state_Code": "NV",
"stateName": "Nevada",
"regionKey": 12,
"region": "Western - Seattle"
},
{
"state_Id": 35,
"state_Code": "NY",
"stateName": "New York",
"regionKey": 2,
"region": "Eastern - New York"
},
{
"state_Id": 36,
"state_Code": "OH",
"stateName": "Ohio",
"regionKey": 5,
"region": "Midwestern - Cleveland"
},
{
"state_Id": 37,
"state_Code": "OK",
"stateName": "Oklahoma",
"regionKey": 6,
"region": "Midwestern - Kansas City"
},
{
"state_Id": 38,
"state_Code": "OR",
"stateName": "Oregon",
"regionKey": 12,
"region": "Western - Seattle"
},
{
"state_Id": 39,
"state_Code": "PA",
"stateName": "Pennsylvania",
"regionKey": 3,
"region": "Eastern - Philadelphia"
},
{
"state_Id": 52,
"state_Code": "PR",
"stateName": "Puerto Rico",
"regionKey": 7,
"region": "Southern - Atlanta"
},
{
"state_Id": 40,
"state_Code": "RI",
"stateName": "Rhode Island",
"regionKey": 1,
"region": "Eastern - Boston"
},
{
"state_Id": 41,
"state_Code": "SC",
"stateName": "South Carolina",
"regionKey": 9,
"region": "Southern - District of Columbia"
},
{
"state_Id": 42,
"state_Code": "SD",
"stateName": "South Dakota",
"regionKey": 6,
"region": "Midwestern - Kansas City"
},
{
"state_Id": 43,
"state_Code": "TN",
"stateName": "Tennessee",
"regionKey": 7,
"region": "Southern - Atlanta"
},
{
"state_Id": 44,
"state_Code": "TX",
"stateName": "Texas",
"regionKey": 8,
"region": "Southern - Dallas"
},
{
"state_Id": 45,
"state_Code": "UT",
"stateName": "Utah",
"regionKey": 10,
"region": "Western - Denver"
},
{
"state_Id": 46,
"state_Code": "VA",
"stateName": "Virginia",
"regionKey": 9,
"region": "Southern - District of Columbia"
},
{
"state_Id": 47,
"state_Code": "VT",
"stateName": "Vermont",
"regionKey": 1,
"region": "Eastern - Boston"
},
{
"state_Id": 48,
"state_Code": "WA",
"stateName": "Washington",
"regionKey": 12,
"region": "Western - Seattle"
},
{
"state_Id": 49,
"state_Code": "WI",
"stateName": "Wisconsin",
"regionKey": 4,
"region": "Midwestern - Chicago"
},
{
"state_Id": 50,
"state_Code": "WV",
"stateName": "West Virginia",
"regionKey": 3,
"region": "Eastern - Philadelphia"
},
{
"state_Id": 51,
"state_Code": "WY",
"stateName": "Wyoming",
"regionKey": 10,
"region": "Western - Denver"
}
],
"national_overview_2020_21": {
"total_enrollment": {
"total_students": 49150566,
"male": 25236331,
"female": 23914235,
"idea_students": 6853313,
"section_504_students": 1605564,
"pct_idea": 13.94,
"pct_504": 3.27,
"non_disabled_idea": 42297253,
"non_disabled_504": 47545002,
"english_learners": 5198677,
"by_race": {
"american_indian": 457993,
"asian": 2605592,
"hispanic": 13982344,
"black": 7386606,
"white": 22386744,
"hawaiian_pacific_islander": 159581,
"two_or_more_races": 2171706
},
"participated_schools": 96983,
"participation_rate_pct": 99.39
}
},
"section_504_enrollment": {
"AK": {
"state_code": "AK",
"state_name": "Alaska",
"total_enrollment": 111906,
"idea_students": 15580,
"section_504_students": 1774,
"pct_idea": 13.92,
"pct_504": 1.59,
"idea_male": 10276,
"idea_female": 5304,
"s504_male": 1003,
"s504_female": 771,
"participated_schools": 484
},
"AL": {
"state_code": "AL",
"state_name": "Alabama",
"total_enrollment": 730852,
"idea_students": 105940,
"section_504_students": 12962,
"pct_idea": 14.5,
"pct_504": 1.77,
"idea_male": 67099,
"idea_female": 38841,
"s504_male": 7458,
"s504_female": 5504,
"participated_schools": 1392
},
"AR": {
"state_code": "AR",
"state_name": "Arkansas",
"total_enrollment": 481443,
"idea_students": 62399,
"section_504_students": 27109,
"pct_idea": 12.96,
"pct_504": 5.63,
"idea_male": 40529,
"idea_female": 21870,
"s504_male": 15924,
"s504_female": 11185,
"participated_schools": 1066
},
"AZ": {
"state_code": "AZ",
"state_name": "Arizona",
"total_enrollment": 1089578,
"idea_students": 136897,
"section_504_students": 20252,
"pct_idea": 12.56,
"pct_504": 1.86,
"idea_male": 89655,
"idea_female": 47242,
"s504_male": 11893,
"s504_female": 8359,
"participated_schools": 2019
},
"CA": {
"state_code": "CA",
"state_name": "California",
"total_enrollment": 5981470,
"idea_students": 749055,
"section_504_students": 102574,
"pct_idea": 12.52,
"pct_504": 1.71,
"idea_male": 501651,
"idea_female": 247404,
"s504_male": 60469,
"s504_female": 42105,
"participated_schools": 10141
},
"CO": {
"state_code": "CO",
"state_name": "Colorado",
"total_enrollment": 881493,
"idea_students": 104430,
"section_504_students": 28009,
"pct_idea": 11.85,
"pct_504": 3.18,
"idea_male": 67843,
"idea_female": 36587,
"s504_male": 16434,
"s504_female": 11575,
"participated_schools": 1923
},
"CT": {
"state_code": "CT",
"state_name": "Connecticut",
"total_enrollment": 507822,
"idea_students": 79460,
"section_504_students": 30988,
"pct_idea": 15.65,
"pct_504": 6.1,
"idea_male": 52112,
"idea_female": 27348,
"s504_male": 18149,
"s504_female": 12839,
"participated_schools": 1176
},
"DC": {
"state_code": "DC",
"state_name": "District of Columbia",
"total_enrollment": 89225,
"idea_students": 14222,
"section_504_students": 2269,
"pct_idea": 15.94,
"pct_504": 2.54,
"idea_male": 9311,
"idea_female": 4911,
"s504_male": 1316,
"s504_female": 953,
"participated_schools": 240
},
"DE": {
"state_code": "DE",
"state_name": "Delaware",
"total_enrollment": 139187,
"idea_students": 23247,
"section_504_students": 6720,
"pct_idea": 16.7,
"pct_504": 4.83,
"idea_male": 15076,
"idea_female": 8171,
"s504_male": 4344,
"s504_female": 2376,
"participated_schools": 232
},
"FL": {
"state_code": "FL",
"state_name": "Florida",
"total_enrollment": 2764513,
"idea_students": 400666,
"section_504_students": 120788,
"pct_idea": 14.49,
"pct_504": 4.37,
"idea_male": 264184,
"idea_female": 136482,
"s504_male": 72999,
"s504_female": 47789,
"participated_schools": 3979
},
"GA": {
"state_code": "GA",
"state_name": "Georgia",
"total_enrollment": 1725285,
"idea_students": 220701,
"section_504_students": 60469,
"pct_idea": 12.79,
"pct_504": 3.5,
"idea_male": 147183,
"idea_female": 73518,
"s504_male": 35558,
"s504_female": 24911,
"participated_schools": 2391
},
"HI": {
"state_code": "HI",
"state_name": "Hawaii",
"total_enrollment": 101481,
"idea_students": 11219,
"section_504_students": 2407,
"pct_idea": 11.06,
"pct_504": 2.37,
"idea_male": 7748,
"idea_female": 3471,
"s504_male": 1582,
"s504_female": 825,
"participated_schools": 222
},
"IA": {
"state_code": "IA",
"state_name": "Iowa",
"total_enrollment": 495771,
"idea_students": 61654,
"section_504_students": 9696,
"pct_idea": 12.44,
"pct_504": 1.96,
"idea_male": 40140,
"idea_female": 21514,
"s504_male": 5809,
"s504_female": 3887,
"participated_schools": 1308
},
"ID": {
"state_code": "ID",
"state_name": "Idaho",
"total_enrollment": 308998,
"idea_students": 34460,
"section_504_students": 11931,
"pct_idea": 11.15,
"pct_504": 3.86,
"idea_male": 22187,
"idea_female": 12273,
"s504_male": 7122,
"s504_female": 4809,
"participated_schools": 754
},
"IL": {
"state_code": "IL",
"state_name": "Illinois",
"total_enrollment": 1857697,
"idea_students": 265264,
"section_504_students": 67961,
"pct_idea": 14.28,
"pct_504": 3.66,
"idea_male": 174073,
"idea_female": 91191,
"s504_male": 39504,
"s504_female": 28457,
"participated_schools": 4167
},
"IN": {
"state_code": "IN",
"state_name": "Indiana",
"total_enrollment": 1025327,
"idea_students": 150736,
"section_504_students": 26521,
"pct_idea": 14.7,
"pct_504": 2.59,
"idea_male": 97818,
"idea_female": 52918,
"s504_male": 15304,
"s504_female": 11217,
"participated_schools": 1857
},
"KS": {
"state_code": "KS",
"state_name": "Kansas",
"total_enrollment": 472996,
"idea_students": 71641,
"section_504_students": 8395,
"pct_idea": 15.15,
"pct_504": 1.77,
"idea_male": 46305,
"idea_female": 25336,
"s504_male": 5031,
"s504_female": 3364,
"participated_schools": 1336
},
"KY": {
"state_code": "KY",
"state_name": "Kentucky",
"total_enrollment": 659694,
"idea_students": 103206,
"section_504_students": 15866,
"pct_idea": 15.64,
"pct_504": 2.41,
"idea_male": 68833,
"idea_female": 34373,
"s504_male": 9300,
"s504_female": 6566,
"participated_schools": 1399
},
"LA": {
"state_code": "LA",
"state_name": "Louisiana",
"total_enrollment": 684940,
"idea_students": 84745,
"section_504_students": 42726,
"pct_idea": 12.37,
"pct_504": 6.24,
"idea_male": 56573,
"idea_female": 28172,
"s504_male": 25497,
"s504_female": 17229,
"participated_schools": 1342
},
"MA": {
"state_code": "MA",
"state_name": "Massachusetts",
"total_enrollment": 905104,
"idea_students": 163539,
"section_504_students": 44246,
"pct_idea": 18.07,
"pct_504": 4.89,
"idea_male": 105655,
"idea_female": 57884,
"s504_male": 26743,
"s504_female": 17503,
"participated_schools": 1850
},
"MD": {
"state_code": "MD",
"state_name": "Maryland",
"total_enrollment": 883399,
"idea_students": 102499,
"section_504_students": 34270,
"pct_idea": 11.6,
"pct_504": 3.88,
"idea_male": 69182,
"idea_female": 33317,
"s504_male": 21362,
"s504_female": 12908,
"participated_schools": 1406
},
"ME": {
"state_code": "ME",
"state_name": "Maine",
"total_enrollment": 167150,
"idea_students": 31257,
"section_504_students": 8634,
"pct_idea": 18.7,
"pct_504": 5.17,
"idea_male": 20444,
"idea_female": 10813,
"s504_male": 5076,
"s504_female": 3558,
"participated_schools": 568
},
"MI": {
"state_code": "MI",
"state_name": "Michigan",
"total_enrollment": 1435832,
"idea_students": 187064,
"section_504_students": 32576,
"pct_idea": 13.03,
"pct_504": 2.27,
"idea_male": 120740,
"idea_female": 66324,
"s504_male": 19313,
"s504_female": 13263,
"participated_schools": 3496
},
"MN": {
"state_code": "MN",
"state_name": "Minnesota",
"total_enrollment": 884451,
"idea_students": 141819,
"section_504_students": 19483,
"pct_idea": 16.03,
"pct_504": 2.2,
"idea_male": 94405,
"idea_female": 47414,
"s504_male": 10532,
"s504_female": 8951,
"participated_schools": 2235
},
"MO": {
"state_code": "MO",
"state_name": "Missouri",
"total_enrollment": 891721,
"idea_students": 122743,
"section_504_students": 21180,
"pct_idea": 13.76,
"pct_504": 2.38,
"idea_male": 82249,
"idea_female": 40494,
"s504_male": 12250,
"s504_female": 8930,
"participated_schools": 2354
},
"MS": {
"state_code": "MS",
"state_name": "Mississippi",
"total_enrollment": 442882,
"idea_students": 58673,
"section_504_students": 5304,
"pct_idea": 13.25,
"pct_504": 1.2,
"idea_male": 38832,
"idea_female": 19841,
"s504_male": 2849,
"s504_female": 2455,
"participated_schools": 929
},
"MT": {
"state_code": "MT",
"state_name": "Montana",
"total_enrollment": 148015,
"idea_students": 17870,
"section_504_students": 4216,
"pct_idea": 12.07,
"pct_504": 2.85,
"idea_male": 11549,
"idea_female": 6321,
"s504_male": 2306,
"s504_female": 1910,
"participated_schools": 817
},
"NC": {
"state_code": "NC",
"state_name": "North Carolina",
"total_enrollment": 1520247,
"idea_students": 183471,
"section_504_students": 32202,
"pct_idea": 12.07,
"pct_504": 2.12,
"idea_male": 121255,
"idea_female": 62216,
"s504_male": 19687,
"s504_female": 12515,
"participated_schools": 2683
},
"ND": {
"state_code": "ND",
"state_name": "North Dakota",
"total_enrollment": 118609,
"idea_students": 16777,
"section_504_students": 3207,
"pct_idea": 14.14,
"pct_504": 2.7,
"idea_male": 10811,
"idea_female": 5966,
"s504_male": 1866,
"s504_female": 1341,
"participated_schools": 482
},
"NE": {
"state_code": "NE",
"state_name": "Nebraska",
"total_enrollment": 325052,
"idea_students": 50702,
"section_504_students": 4919,
"pct_idea": 15.6,
"pct_504": 1.51,
"idea_male": 33027,
"idea_female": 17675,
"s504_male": 2840,
"s504_female": 2079,
"participated_schools": 1046
},
"NH": {
"state_code": "NH",
"state_name": "New Hampshire",
"total_enrollment": 168706,
"idea_students": 28424,
"section_504_students": 11286,
"pct_idea": 16.85,
"pct_504": 6.69,
"idea_male": 18322,
"idea_female": 10102,
"s504_male": 6755,
"s504_female": 4531,
"participated_schools": 493
},
"NJ": {
"state_code": "NJ",
"state_name": "New Jersey",
"total_enrollment": 1344876,
"idea_students": 215486,
"section_504_students": 41259,
"pct_idea": 16.02,
"pct_504": 3.07,
"idea_male": 143047,
"idea_female": 72439,
"s504_male": 24582,
"s504_female": 16677,
"participated_schools": 2552
},
"NM": {
"state_code": "NM",
"state_name": "New Mexico",
"total_enrollment": 311132,
"idea_students": 51402,
"section_504_students": 3482,
"pct_idea": 16.52,
"pct_504": 1.12,
"idea_male": 33018,
"idea_female": 18384,
"s504_male": 1809,
"s504_female": 1673,
"participated_schools": 875
},
"NV": {
"state_code": "NV",
"state_name": "Nevada",
"total_enrollment": 473375,
"idea_students": 60010,
"section_504_students": 7531,
"pct_idea": 12.68,
"pct_504": 1.59,
"idea_male": 39951,
"idea_female": 20059,
"s504_male": 4449,
"s504_female": 3082,
"participated_schools": 726
},
"NY": {
"state_code": "NY",
"state_name": "New York",
"total_enrollment": 2561406,
"idea_students": 449282,
"section_504_students": 67333,
"pct_idea": 17.54,
"pct_504": 2.63,
"idea_male": 294359,
"idea_female": 154923,
"s504_male": 41095,
"s504_female": 26238,
"participated_schools": 4872
},
"OH": {
"state_code": "OH",
"state_name": "Ohio",
"total_enrollment": 1668109,
"idea_students": 255996,
"section_504_students": 57021,
"pct_idea": 15.35,
"pct_504": 3.42,
"idea_male": 165578,
"idea_female": 90418,
"s504_male": 34546,
"s504_female": 22475,
"participated_schools": 3498
},
"OK": {
"state_code": "OK",
"state_name": "Oklahoma",
"total_enrollment": 675107,
"idea_students": 108617,
"section_504_students": 13280,
"pct_idea": 16.09,
"pct_504": 1.97,
"idea_male": 69700,
"idea_female": 38917,
"s504_male": 7944,
"s504_female": 5336,
"participated_schools": 1775
},
"OR": {
"state_code": "OR",
"state_name": "Oregon",
"total_enrollment": 549129,
"idea_students": 76826,
"section_504_students": 17410,
"pct_idea": 13.99,
"pct_504": 3.17,
"idea_male": 50773,
"idea_female": 26053,
"s504_male": 10066,
"s504_female": 7344,
"participated_schools": 1305
},
"PA": {
"state_code": "PA",
"state_name": "Pennsylvania",
"total_enrollment": 1689202,
"idea_students": 297971,
"section_504_students": 47558,
"pct_idea": 17.64,
"pct_504": 2.82,
"idea_male": 191373,
"idea_female": 106598,
"s504_male": 28561,
"s504_female": 18997,
"participated_schools": 2925
},
"PR": {
"state_code": "PR",
"state_name": "Puerto Rico",
"total_enrollment": 276436,
"idea_students": 83139,
"section_504_students": 1014,
"pct_idea": 30.08,
"pct_504": 0.37,
"idea_male": 54032,
"idea_female": 29107,
"s504_male": 554,
"s504_female": 460,
"participated_schools": 841
},
"RI": {
"state_code": "RI",
"state_name": "Rhode Island",
"total_enrollment": 137363,
"idea_students": 20834,
"section_504_students": 5669,
"pct_idea": 15.17,
"pct_504": 4.13,
"idea_male": 13779,
"idea_female": 7055,
"s504_male": 3530,
"s504_female": 2139,
"participated_schools": 307
},
"SC": {
"state_code": "SC",
"state_name": "South Carolina",
"total_enrollment": 766747,
"idea_students": 103094,
"section_504_students": 22471,
"pct_idea": 13.45,
"pct_504": 2.93,
"idea_male": 68080,
"idea_female": 35014,
"s504_male": 13733,
"s504_female": 8738,
"participated_schools": 1249
},
"SD": {
"state_code": "SD",
"state_name": "South Dakota",
"total_enrollment": 140077,
"idea_students": 19868,
"section_504_students": 3377,
"pct_idea": 14.18,
"pct_504": 2.41,
"idea_male": 12782,
"idea_female": 7086,
"s504_male": 1946,
"s504_female": 1431,
"participated_schools": 694
},
"TN": {
"state_code": "TN",
"state_name": "Tennessee",
"total_enrollment": 974570,
"idea_students": 121554,
"section_504_students": 20706,
"pct_idea": 12.47,
"pct_504": 2.12,
"idea_male": 79910,
"idea_female": 41644,
"s504_male": 12237,
"s504_female": 8469,
"participated_schools": 1827
},
"TX": {
"state_code": "TX",
"state_name": "Texas",
"total_enrollment": 5329177,
"idea_students": 594796,
"section_504_students": 369629,
"pct_idea": 11.16,
"pct_504": 6.94,
"idea_male": 391774,
"idea_female": 203022,
"s504_male": 213088,
"s504_female": 156541,
"participated_schools": 8773
},
"UT": {
"state_code": "UT",
"state_name": "Utah",
"total_enrollment": 671631,
"idea_students": 86230,
"section_504_students": 14020,
"pct_idea": 12.84,
"pct_504": 2.09,
"idea_male": 54793,
"idea_female": 31437,
"s504_male": 7971,
"s504_female": 6049,
"participated_schools": 1057
},
"VA": {
"state_code": "VA",
"state_name": "Virginia",
"total_enrollment": 1248416,
"idea_students": 170521,
"section_504_students": 32466,
"pct_idea": 13.66,
"pct_504": 2.6,
"idea_male": 114663,
"idea_female": 55858,
"s504_male": 19316,
"s504_female": 13150,
"participated_schools": 1984
},
"VT": {
"state_code": "VT",
"state_name": "Vermont",
"total_enrollment": 78255,
"idea_students": 13782,
"section_504_students": 4579,
"pct_idea": 17.61,
"pct_504": 5.85,
"idea_male": 8808,
"idea_female": 4974,
"s504_male": 2734,
"s504_female": 1845,
"participated_schools": 298
},
"WA": {
"state_code": "WA",
"state_name": "Washington",
"total_enrollment": 1085645,
"idea_students": 145964,
"section_504_students": 36030,
"pct_idea": 13.44,
"pct_504": 3.32,
"idea_male": 96889,
"idea_female": 49075,
"s504_male": 20890,
"s504_female": 15140,
"participated_schools": 2403
},
"WI": {
"state_code": "WI",
"state_name": "Wisconsin",
"total_enrollment": 820887,
"idea_students": 118771,
"section_504_students": 11775,
"pct_idea": 14.47,
"pct_504": 1.43,
"idea_male": 79965,
"idea_female": 38806,
"s504_male": 6882,
"s504_female": 4893,
"participated_schools": 2196
},
"WV": {
"state_code": "WV",
"state_name": "West Virginia",
"total_enrollment": 253715,
"idea_students": 45213,
"section_504_students": 5950,
"pct_idea": 17.82,
"pct_504": 2.35,
"idea_male": 29141,
"idea_female": 16072,
"s504_male": 3652,
"s504_female": 2298,
"participated_schools": 678
},
"WY": {
"state_code": "WY",
"state_name": "Wyoming",
"total_enrollment": 94465,
"idea_students": 13597,
"section_504_students": 2064,
"pct_idea": 14.39,
"pct_504": 2.18,
"idea_male": 8790,
"idea_female": 4807,
"s504_male": 1212,
"s504_female": 852,
"participated_schools": 361
}
},
"restraint_seclusion": {
"IDEA students subjected to physical restraint": {
"measure_id": 141,
"national_total": 28390,
"male": 23799,
"female": 4591,
"by_race": {
"american_indian": 308,
"asian": 358,
"hispanic": 3626,
"black": 5387,
"white": 16709,
"hawaiian_pacific_islander": 25,
"two_or_more_races": 1977
},
"participated_schools": 75978,
"participation_rate": 79.39
},
"IDEA students subjected to mechanical restraint": {
"measure_id": 140,
"national_total": 683,
"male": 562,
"female": 121,
"by_race": {
"american_indian": 6,
"asian": 6,
"hispanic": 128,
"black": 208,
"white": 309,
"hawaiian_pacific_islander": 1,
"two_or_more_races": 25
},
"participated_schools": 76003,
"participation_rate": 79.42
},
"IDEA students subjected to seclusion": {
"measure_id": 142,
"national_total": 11809,
"male": 9937,
"female": 1872,
"by_race": {
"american_indian": 171,
"asian": 114,
"hispanic": 1157,
"black": 1854,
"white": 7597,
"hawaiian_pacific_islander": 10,
"two_or_more_races": 906
},
"participated_schools": 75995,
"participation_rate": 79.41
},
"Non-IDEA students subjected to physical restraint": {
"measure_id": 138,
"national_total": 6676,
"male": 5121,
"female": 1555,
"by_race": {
"american_indian": 71,
"asian": 24,
"hispanic": 856,
"black": 1946,
"white": 3271,
"hawaiian_pacific_islander": 15,
"two_or_more_races": 493
},
"participated_schools": 75948,
"participation_rate": 79.36
},
"Non-IDEA students subjected to mechanical restraint": {
"measure_id": 137,
"national_total": 1483,
"male": 1212,
"female": 271,
"by_race": {
"american_indian": 3,
"asian": 4,
"hispanic": 363,
"black": 717,
"white": 359,
"hawaiian_pacific_islander": 4,
"two_or_more_races": 33
},
"participated_schools": 76000,
"participation_rate": 79.41
},
"Non-IDEA students subjected to seclusion": {
"measure_id": 139,
"national_total": 3900,
"male": 2970,
"female": 930,
"by_race": {
"american_indian": 66,
"asian": 31,
"hispanic": 513,
"black": 1076,
"white": 1943,
"hawaiian_pacific_islander": 8,
"two_or_more_races": 263
},
"participated_schools": 75985,
"participation_rate": 79.4
}
},
"discipline_disparities": {
"IDEA Students Receiving One or More In-School Suspension": {
"measure_id": 67,
"national_total": 186499,
"male": 144586,
"female": 41913,
"by_race": {
"american_indian": 2387,
"asian": 637,
"hispanic": 32661,
"black": 41956,
"white": 99205,
"hawaiian_pacific_islander": 212,
"two_or_more_races": 9441
},
"participated_schools": 84291,
"participation_rate": 88.66
},
"IDEA Total Students Receiving Out-of-School Suspensions": {
"measure_id": 350,
"national_total": 187220,
"male": 148170,
"female": 39050,
"by_race": {
"american_indian": 2424,
"asian": 809,
"hispanic": 28068,
"black": 47144,
"white": 97759,
"hawaiian_pacific_islander": 209,
"two_or_more_races": 10807
},
"participated_schools": 84787,
"participation_rate": 88.69
},
"IDEA Students Expulsions With Educational Services": {
"measure_id": 70,
"national_total": 4936,
"male": 3943,
"female": 993,
"by_race": {
"american_indian": 65,
"asian": 14,
"hispanic": 890,
"black": 1377,
"white": 2395,
"hawaiian_pacific_islander": 2,
"two_or_more_races": 193
},
"participated_schools": 83744,
"participation_rate": 88.09
},
"IDEA Students Expulsions Without Educational Services": {
"measure_id": 71,
"national_total": 1051,
"male": 823,
"female": 228,
"by_race": {
"american_indian": 5,
"asian": 3,
"hispanic": 215,
"black": 176,
"white": 576,
"hawaiian_pacific_islander": 4,
"two_or_more_races": 72
},
"participated_schools": 84854,
"participation_rate": 88.76
},
"IDEA Students Referred to Law Enforcement": {
"measure_id": 73,
"national_total": 17905,
"male": 13738,
"female": 4167,
"by_race": {
"american_indian": 320,
"asian": 86,
"hispanic": 2988,
"black": 3524,
"white": 9900,
"hawaiian_pacific_islander": 13,
"two_or_more_races": 1074
},
"participated_schools": 80440,
"participation_rate": 84.62
},
"IDEA Students With School Related Arrest": {
"measure_id": 74,
"national_total": 2600,
"male": 1988,
"female": 612,
"by_race": {
"american_indian": 33,
"asian": 11,
"hispanic": 474,
"black": 591,
"white": 1338,
"hawaiian_pacific_islander": 3,
"two_or_more_races": 150
},
"participated_schools": 80259,
"participation_rate": 84.42
},
"IDEA Students Corporal Punishment": {
"measure_id": 66,
"national_total": 3214,
"male": 2798,
"female": 416,
"by_race": {
"american_indian": 72,
"asian": 4,
"hispanic": 370,
"black": 642,
"white": 2010,
"hawaiian_pacific_islander": 0,
"two_or_more_races": 116
},
"participated_schools": 2776,
"participation_rate": 16.76
},
"Non-IDEA Students Receiving One or More In-School Suspension": {
"measure_id": 76,
"national_total": 603046,
"male": 405420,
"female": 197626,
"by_race": {
"american_indian": 7893,
"asian": 4568,
"hispanic": 123423,
"black": 137511,
"white": 299375,
"hawaiian_pacific_islander": 1530,
"two_or_more_races": 28746
},
"participated_schools": 84239,
"participation_rate": 88.6
},
"Non-IDEA Total Students Receiving Out-of-School Suspensions": {
"measure_id": 349,
"national_total": 454716,
"male": 307469,
"female": 147247,
"by_race": {
"american_indian": 6404,
"asian": 3776,
"hispanic": 82290,
"black": 121202,
"white": 215822,
"hawaiian_pacific_islander": 1130,
"two_or_more_races": 24092
},
"participated_schools": 84744,
"participation_rate": 89.71
},
"Non-IDEA Students Expulsions With Educational Services": {
"measure_id": 79,
"national_total": 17493,
"male": 11956,
"female": 5537,
"by_race": {
"american_indian": 165,
"asian": 131,
"hispanic": 3404,
"black": 5072,
"white": 7870,
"hawaiian_pacific_islander": 43,
"two_or_more_races": 808
},
"participated_schools": 83566,
"participation_rate": 87.9
},
"Non-IDEA Students Expulsions Without Educational Services": {
"measure_id": 80,
"national_total": 5214,
"male": 3532,
"female": 1682,
"by_race": {
"american_indian": 69,
"asian": 65,
"hispanic": 1177,
"black": 931,
"white": 2687,
"hawaiian_pacific_islander": 15,
"two_or_more_races": 270
},
"participated_schools": 84844,
"participation_rate": 88.75
},
"Non-IDEA Students Referred to Law Enforcement": {
"measure_id": 82,
"national_total": 46673,
"male": 29927,
"female": 16746,
"by_race": {
"american_indian": 988,
"asian": 449,
"hispanic": 9234,
"black": 8111,
"white": 25462,
"hawaiian_pacific_islander": 127,
"two_or_more_races": 2302
},
"participated_schools": 80442,
"participation_rate": 84.62
},
"Non-IDEA Students With School Related Arrest": {
"measure_id": 83,
"national_total": 6687,
"male": 4363,
"female": 2324,
"by_race": {
"american_indian": 131,
"asian": 52,
"hispanic": 1626,
"black": 1496,
"white": 3060,
"hawaiian_pacific_islander": 25,
"two_or_more_races": 297
},
"participated_schools": 80224,
"participation_rate": 84.39
},
"Non-IDEA Students Corporal Punishment": {
"measure_id": 75,
"national_total": 16181,
"male": 13118,
"female": 3063,
"by_race": {
"american_indian": 390,
"asian": 36,
"hispanic": 1954,
"black": 3923,
"white": 9379,
"hawaiian_pacific_islander": 22,
"two_or_more_races": 477
},
"participated_schools": 2773,
"participation_rate": 16.75
},
"Students reported harassed/bullied on basis of disability": {
"measure_id": 131,
"national_total": 3448,
"male": 2252,
"female": 1196,
"by_race": {
"american_indian": 80,
"asian": 40,
"hispanic": 311,
"black": 471,
"white": 2429,
"hawaiian_pacific_islander": 5,
"two_or_more_races": 112
},
"participated_schools": 81478,
"participation_rate": 85.22
},
"Students disciplined for harassment/bullying on basis of disability": {
"measure_id": 136,
"national_total": 5397,
"male": 4137,
"female": 1260,
"by_race": {
"american_indian": 87,
"asian": 59,
"hispanic": 898,
"black": 579,
"white": 3525,
"hawaiian_pacific_islander": 8,
"two_or_more_races": 241
},
"participated_schools": 81496,
"participation_rate": 85.24
}
},
"course_access": {
"AP - Students Enrolled in AP Courses(s)": {
"measure_id": 55,
"national_total": 2882284,
"idea_students": 59516,
"section_504_students": 0,
"non_disabled": 2822771,
"pct_idea": 2.06,
"pct_504": 0,
"male_total": 1259629,
"female_total": 1622655,
"male_idea": 35536,
"female_idea": 23980,
"by_race": {
"american_indian": 12158,
"asian": 345173,
"hispanic": 717464,
"black": 273207,
"white": 1423670,
"hawaiian_pacific_islander": 6894,
"two_or_more_races": 103718
},
"participated_schools": 13736
},
"Gifted/Talented Enrollment": {
"measure_id": 58,
"national_total": 2955610,
"idea_students": 81252,
"section_504_students": 0,
"non_disabled": 2874402,
"pct_idea": 2.75,
"pct_504": 0,
"male_total": 1493582,
"female_total": 1462028,
"male_idea": 58211,
"female_idea": 23041,
"by_race": {
"american_indian": 19408,
"asian": 307138,
"hispanic": 571709,
"black": 240229,
"white": 1671040,
"hawaiian_pacific_islander": 5635,
"two_or_more_races": 140451
},
"participated_schools": 54422
},
"Students who are taking Algebra II": {
"measure_id": 113,
"national_total": 3005276,
"idea_students": 251561,
"section_504_students": 0,
"non_disabled": 2753749,
"pct_idea": 8.37,
"pct_504": 0,
"male_total": 1491026,
"female_total": 1514250,
"male_idea": 160438,
"female_idea": 91123,
"by_race": {
"american_indian": 23803,
"asian": 164313,
"hispanic": 846943,
"black": 438946,
"white": 1418780,
"hawaiian_pacific_islander": 7746,
"two_or_more_races": 104745
},
"participated_schools": 21689
},
"Students who are taking calculus": {
"measure_id": 115,
"national_total": 624656,
"idea_students": 8800,
"section_504_students": 0,
"non_disabled": 615857,
"pct_idea": 1.41,
"pct_504": 0,
"male_total": 314332,
"female_total": 310324,
"male_idea": 6069,
"female_idea": 2731,
"by_race": {
"american_indian": 2285,
"asian": 100866,
"hispanic": 110404,
"black": 44107,
"white": 343163,
"hawaiian_pacific_islander": 1320,
"two_or_more_races": 22511
},
"participated_schools": 12514
},
"Students who are taking chemistry": {
"measure_id": 117,
"national_total": 2752810,
"idea_students": 194301,
"section_504_students": 0,
"non_disabled": 2558525,
"pct_idea": 7.06,
"pct_504": 0,
"male_total": 1334766,
"female_total": 1418044,
"male_idea": 122698,
"female_idea": 71603,
"by_race": {
"american_indian": 17118,
"asian": 197881,
"hispanic": 784628,
"black": 369950,
"white": 1280444,
"hawaiian_pacific_islander": 6876,
"two_or_more_races": 95913
},
"participated_schools": 19701
},
"Students who are taking physics": {
"measure_id": 118,
"national_total": 1614022,
"idea_students": 135067,
"section_504_students": 0,
"non_disabled": 1478979,
"pct_idea": 8.37,
"pct_504": 0,
"male_total": 878185,
"female_total": 735837,
"male_idea": 89890,
"female_idea": 45177,
"by_race": {
"american_indian": 9241,
"asian": 135238,
"hispanic": 473017,
"black": 203551,
"white": 733099,
"hawaiian_pacific_islander": 4125,
"two_or_more_races": 55751
},
"participated_schools": 15896
}
},
"historical_trends": {
"Total Enrollment": {
"measure_id": 1,
"by_year": {
"2020-21": {
"total": 49150566,
"male": 25236331,
"female": 23914235,
"idea_students": 6853313,
"section_504_students": 1605564,
"pct_idea": 13.94,
"pct_504": 3.27,
"participated_schools": 96983
},
"2017-18": {
"total": 50922401,
"male": 26171514,
"female": 24750887,
"idea_students": 6728064,
"section_504_students": 1380146,
"pct_idea": 13.21,
"pct_504": 2.71,
"participated_schools": 97621
},
"2015-16": {
"total": 50574476,
"male": 25995405,
"female": 24579071,
"idea_students": 6352285,
"section_504_students": 1156811,
"pct_idea": 12.56,
"pct_504": 2.29,
"participated_schools": 96347
},
"2013-14": {
"total": 50035746,
"male": 25711953,
"female": 24323793,
"idea_students": 6104340,
"section_504_students": 922615,
"pct_idea": 12.2,
"pct_504": 1.84,
"participated_schools": 95498
},
"2011-12": {
"total": 49756058,
"male": 25572264,
"female": 24183794,
"idea_students": 6082307,
"section_504_students": 760114,
"pct_idea": 12.22,
"pct_504": 1.53,
"participated_schools": 95634
}
}
},
"AP - Students Enrolled in AP Courses(s)": {
"measure_id": 55,
"by_year": {
"2020-21": {
"total": 2882284,
"male": 1259629,
"female": 1622655,
"idea_students": 59516,
"section_504_students": 0,
"pct_idea": 2.06,
"pct_504": 0,
"participated_schools": 13736
},
"2017-18": {
"total": 3030991,
"male": 1322717,
"female": 1708274,
"idea_students": 50989,
"section_504_students": 0,
"pct_idea": 1.68,
"pct_504": 0,
"participated_schools": 97624
},
"2015-16": {
"total": 2808786,
"male": 1229700,
"female": 1579086,
"idea_students": 43853,
"section_504_students": 0,
"pct_idea": 1.56,
"pct_504": 0,
"participated_schools": 96358
},
"2013-14": {
"total": 2531433,
"male": 1123066,
"female": 1408367,
"idea_students": 38586,
"section_504_students": 0,
"pct_idea": 1.52,
"pct_504": 0,
"participated_schools": 95482
},
"2011-12": {
"total": 2462051,
"male": 1088610,
"female": 1373441,
"idea_students": 39926,
"section_504_students": 0,
"pct_idea": 1.62,
"pct_504": 0,
"participated_schools": 95633
}
}
},
"IDEA Total Students Receiving Out-of-School Suspensions": {
"measure_id": 350,
"by_year": {
"2020-21": {
"total": 187220,
"male": 148170,
"female": 39050,
"idea_students": 187220,
"section_504_students": 31811,
"pct_idea": 100,
"pct_504": 16.99,
"participated_schools": 84787
},
"2017-18": {
"total": 615027,
"male": 486985,
"female": 128042,
"idea_students": 615027,
"section_504_students": 89496,
"pct_idea": 100,
"pct_504": 14.55,
"participated_schools": 97615
},
"2015-16": {
"total": 716408,
"male": 551434,
"female": 164974,
"idea_students": 716408,
"section_504_students": 91321,
"pct_idea": 100,
"pct_504": 12.75,
"participated_schools": 96349
},
"2013-14": {
"total": 704373,
"male": 543966,
"female": 160407,
"idea_students": 704373,
"section_504_students": 58276,
"pct_idea": 100,
"pct_504": 8.27,
"participated_schools": 95469
},
"2011-12": {
"total": 823253,
"male": 636782,
"female": 186471,
"idea_students": 823253,
"section_504_students": 42141,
"pct_idea": 100,
"pct_504": 5.12,
"participated_schools": 95521
}
}
},
"IDEA students subjected to physical restraint": {
"measure_id": 141,
"by_year": {
"2020-21": {
"total": 28390,
"male": 23799,
"female": 4591,
"idea_students": 28390,
"section_504_students": 0,
"pct_idea": 100,
"pct_504": 0,
"participated_schools": 75978
},
"2017-18": {
"total": 57191,
"male": 47733,
"female": 9458,
"idea_students": 57191,
"section_504_students": 0,
"pct_idea": 100,
"pct_504": 0,
"participated_schools": 95489
},
"2015-16": {
"total": 58513,
"male": 47220,
"female": 11293,
"idea_students": 58513,
"section_504_students": 0,
"pct_idea": 100,
"pct_504": 0,
"participated_schools": 95876
},
"2013-14": {
"total": 46435,
"male": 37379,
"female": 9056,
"idea_students": 46435,
"section_504_students": 0,
"pct_idea": 100,
"pct_504": 0,
"participated_schools": 94958
},
"2011-12": {
"total": 52886,
"male": 42739,
"female": 10147,
"idea_students": 52886,
"section_504_students": 0,
"pct_idea": 100,
"pct_504": 0,
"participated_schools": 95254
}
}
},
"IDEA students subjected to seclusion": {
"measure_id": 142,
"by_year": {
"2020-21": {
"total": 11809,
"male": 9937,
"female": 1872,
"idea_students": 11809,
"section_504_students": 0,
"pct_idea": 100,
"pct_504": 0,
"participated_schools": 75995
},
"2017-18": {
"total": 21253,
"male": 17777,
"female": 3476,
"idea_students": 21253,
"section_504_students": 0,
"pct_idea": 100,
"pct_504": 0,
"participated_schools": 94968
},
"2015-16": {
"total": 25240,
"male": 20143,
"female": 5097,
"idea_students": 25240,
"section_504_students": 0,
"pct_idea": 100,
"pct_504": 0,
"participated_schools": 95936
},
"2013-14": {
"total": 19857,
"male": 16002,
"female": 3855,
"idea_students": 19857,
"section_504_students": 0,
"pct_idea": 100,
"pct_504": 0,
"participated_schools": 94979
},
"2011-12": {
"total": 21940,
"male": 17767,
"female": 4173,
"idea_students": 21940,
"section_504_students": 0,
"pct_idea": 100,
"pct_504": 0,
"participated_schools": 95254
}
}
},
"Gifted/Talented Enrollment": {
"measure_id": 58,
"by_year": {
"2020-21": {
"total": 2955610,
"male": 1493582,
"female": 1462028,
"idea_students": 81252,
"section_504_students": 0,
"pct_idea": 2.75,
"pct_504": 0,
"participated_schools": 54422
},
"2017-18": {
"total": 3329540,
"male": 1661573,
"female": 1667967,
"idea_students": 92782,
"section_504_students": 0,
"pct_idea": 2.79,
"pct_504": 0,
"participated_schools": 97628
},
"2015-16": {
"total": 3329727,
"male": 1647045,
"female": 1682682,
"idea_students": 88901,
"section_504_students": 0,
"pct_idea": 2.67,
"pct_504": 0,
"participated_schools": 96358
},
"2013-14": {
"total": 3401374,
"male": 1677683,
"female": 1723691,
"idea_students": 92260,
"section_504_students": 0,
"pct_idea": 2.71,
"pct_504": 0,
"participated_schools": 95483
},
"2011-12": {
"total": 3261605,
"male": 1606308,
"female": 1655297,
"idea_students": 87731,
"section_504_students": 0,
"pct_idea": 2.69,
"pct_504": 0,
"participated_schools": 95631
}
}
}
},
"summary_statistics": {
"collection_year": "2020-21",
"total_students_enrolled": 49150566,
"idea_students": 6853313,
"section_504_students": 1605564,
"pct_idea_of_total": 13.94,
"pct_504_of_total": 3.27,
"discipline": {
"idea_in_school_suspension": 186499,
"idea_out_of_school_suspension": 187220,
"nonidea_in_school_suspension": 603046,
"nonidea_out_of_school_suspension": 454716,
"idea_iss_rate_pct": 2.72,
"idea_oss_rate_pct": 2.73,
"nonidea_iss_rate_pct": 1.43,
"nonidea_oss_rate_pct": 1.08,
"note": "Rate comparison: IDEA vs non-IDEA students for same discipline actions"
},
"restraint_and_seclusion": {
"idea_physical_restraint": 28390,
"idea_mechanical_restraint": 683,
"idea_seclusion": 11809,
"nonidea_physical_restraint": 6676,
"nonidea_mechanical_restraint": 1483,
"nonidea_seclusion": 3900,
"total_incidents": 52941,
"pct_idea_of_all_rs": 77.22
},
"course_access": {
"ap_total_enrolled": 2882284,
"ap_idea_enrolled": 59516,
"ap_pct_idea": 2.06,
"gifted_total_enrolled": 2955610,
"gifted_idea_enrolled": 81252,
"gifted_pct_idea": 2.75,
"note": "IDEA students comprise ~14% of enrollment but significantly less of advanced courses"
}
}
}