Datasets:

luoojason
/

muddle-eval-bundle-md

Tasks:

Question Answering

Modalities:

Size:

Tags:

License:

Dataset card Data Studio Files Files and versions

xet

Community

muddle-eval-bundle-md / q105 /random_k4 /random_3.md

luoojason

Add files using upload-large-folder tool

a8cbc95 verified 2 months ago

preview code

Raw

History Blame Contribute Delete

36.2 kB

Cloud Object Storage

Product Introduction

Product Documentation

Page 1 of 26

Cloud Object Storage

in any way, in whole or in part, the contents of this document without Tencent Cloud's the prior written consent.

Trademark Notice

All trademarks associated with Tencent Cloud and its services are owned by Tencent Cloud Computing (Beijing)

Company Limited and its aﬃliated companies. Trademarks of third parties referred to in this document are owned by

their respective proprietors.

Service Statement

This document is intended to provide users with general information about Tencent Cloud's products and services

only and does not form part of Tencent Cloud's terms and conditions. Tencent Cloud's products or services are

subject to change. Speciﬁc products and services and the standards applicable to them are exclusively provided for in

Tencent Cloud's applicable terms and conditions.

Page 2 of 26

Cloud Object Storage

Contents

Product Introduction

Overview

Features

Strengths

Concepts

Regions and Access Endpoints

Speciﬁcations and Limits

Page 3 of 26

Cloud Object Storage

Product Introduction

Overview

Last updated：2024-01-06 14:09:21

Cloud Object Storage (COS) is a powerful Tencent Cloud distributed storage service that features low costs and high

scalability, reliability, and security. It enables you to store a massive number of ﬁles and view them on the cloud

anytime.

You can easily and quickly access COS via the console, APIs, SDKs, or tools to store and manage massive data. You

can leverage COS's user-friendly web management interface to upload, download, and manage ﬁles in diﬀerent

formats. CDN nodes around the globe also boost your ﬁle download speed.

Product Features

COS provides both enterprises and individual users with a suite of features, including data management, remote

disaster recovery, data access acceleration, and data processing for diverse use cases. For more information, see

Features.

Concepts

This section describes key concepts that help you better understand COS.

Bucket: A container for objects stored in COS. Each bucket can store an unlimited number of objects.

Object: The basic unit of COS storage. It can be data in any format, such as image, document, audio, and video.

Region: A physical location where data centers are hosted in Tencent Cloud. COS data is stored in the buckets in

these regions.

Endpoint: A COS endpoint used to access and download an object stored in a bucket.

Storage class: A storage level that indicates how active objects are in COS. COS oﬀers multiple storage classes,

including MAZ_STANDARD, MAZ_STANDARD_IA, MAZ_INTELLIGENT TIERING, STANDARD, STANDARD_IA,

INTELLIGENT TIERING, ARCHIVE, and DEEP ARCHIVE. Diﬀerent storage classes are suitable for diﬀerent use

cases and have diﬀerent attributes, such as object access frequency and access latency.

Getting Started with COS

Getting started

Page 4 of 26

Cloud Object Storage

COS oﬀers various tools and video tutorials to help you better understand and use its services. For more information,

see Cloud Object Storage.

How to use

The table below describes diﬀerent options available for you to get started with COS:

Method

Description

Console

The COS console is the easiest way to work with COS without using any code or programs

COSBrowser

Provides a user-friendly interface to easily upload and download objects and generate access

URLs

COSCMD

Enables you to use simple commands to upload, download, and delete objects in batches

APIs

SDKs

COS adopts XML APIs, which are lightweight, connectionless, and stateless. By calling XML

APIs, you can send requests to and accept responses from COS directly over HTTP/HTTPS.

Supports multiple mainstream programming languages including Android, C, C++, .NET, Go, iOS, Java, JavaScript, Node.js, PHP, Python, and WeChat Mini Program

How Is COS Billed?

COS is billed on a pay-as-you-go basis by default. For more information, see Billing Overview.

Page 5 of 26

Cloud Object Storage

Features

Last updated：2024-01-06 14:09:14

COS oﬀers the following features:

Operations

Feature

Description

Bucket operations

With COS, you can create, query, delete, and empty buckets. For detailed directions,

see Bucket Management.

Object operations

Storage classes: Currently, COS oﬀers three object storage classes for diﬀerent access

frequencies and disaster recovery levels: MAZ_STANDARD, MAZ_STANDARD_IA, INTELLIGENT_TIERING, STANDARD, STANDARD_IA, ARCHIVE, and DEEP ARCHIVE. For more information, see Storage Class.Objects/folders: can be uploaded,

queried, downloaded, copied, and deleted. For more information, see Object Management.

Data Management

Feature

Description

Lifecycle

Static website

Inventory

With COS, you can set lifecycle rules for objects to regularly perform automatic deletion on an object or storage class transitioning. For more information, see

Lifecycle Overview.

You can conﬁgure a bucket to host a static website and access the static website through the bucket's endpoint. For more information, see Static Website Hosting.

COS allows you to conﬁgure an inventory task to regularly scan your bucket for

speciﬁed objects or objects with the same preﬁx. You can perform these tasks daily or weekly, and each task will output an inventory report, which is stored in the

speciﬁed bucket as a CSV ﬁle. For more information, see Inventory Overview.

Bucket tagging

A bucket tag can be used for easier bucket grouping and management. You can set, query, and delete tags for a speciﬁed bucket. For more information, see

Bucket Tag Overview.

Page 6 of 26

Cloud Object Storage

Event notiﬁcation

Used in conjunction with the Serverless Cloud Function (SCF), COS can send you

timely notiﬁcations about resource changes (such as when a new ﬁle has been

uploaded or deleted). For more information, see Event Notiﬁcations.

COS Select

This feature uses Structured Query Language (SQL) statements to ﬁlter the

objects stored in COS so as to extract speciﬁc objects and get desired data. With COS Select, you can reduce the amount of data transferred by COS for lower

costs and latency during data extraction. For more information, see SELECT

Overview.

Logging

then stored in a destination bucket for better bucket management. For more

This feature is used to log the access details of a source bucket; these logs are

information, see Logging Overview.

Number of object tags

CSG

This feature is designed to help group and manage objects in your bucket by

adding a key-value pair as an object tag. An object tag consists of a tagKey, an equal sign =, and a tagValue, for example, group = IT. You can set, query, and

delete tags for a speciﬁed object. For more information, see Object Tagging

Overview.

Cloud Storage Gateway (CSG) is a hybrid cloud storage service provided by

Tencent Cloud. You can conﬁgure a CSG instance for a bucket in COS, and then the bucket can be mounted to any of your CVM instances as a storage device in

the form of a network folder. For more information, see Setting CSG.

Remote Disaster Recovery

Feature

Description

Versioning

Enabling versioning allows you to store multiple versions of an object in the same bucket. You can query, delete, or restore the objects by version ID. Versioning

enables you to recover data that was lost due to accidental deletion or application

failure. For more information, see Versioning Overview.

By conﬁguring a cross-bucket replication rule, incremental objects can be

Cross-bucket replication

automatically and asynchronously replicated between buckets for disaster recovery and data backup. For more information, see Cross-Bucket Replication Overview.

Multi-AZ

MAZ refers to the multi-AZ storage architecture oﬀered by COS, which can provide

IDC-level disaster recovery capabilities for your data. For more information, see Overview of Multi-AZ Feature.

Page 7 of 26

Cloud Object Storage

Data Security

Feature

Description

Encryption

COS can apply an object-level encryption policy to your data before it is written to the disk, and automatically decrypt it when it is accessed. For more information, see

Server-Side Encryption Overview and Bucket Encryption Overview.

Hotlink protection

COS supports conﬁguring hotlink protection. You can conﬁgure a blocklist/allowlist through the hotlink protection feature on the console to protect your data resources.

For more information, see Hotlink Protection Practice.

Access Management

Feature

Description

Cross-Origin Access

With COS, you can set HTML5 CORS conﬁgurations to enable access among

diﬀerent origins. COS can respond to CORS OPTIONS requests and return

speciﬁed rules to the browser as conﬁgured by the developer. For detailed directions, see Setting CORS.

Origin-pull

Bucket policy

Access control

COS allows you to set an origin-pull rule on your bucket so that it can pull data from an external origin if the requested object does not exist in your bucket, or a

speciﬁc request needs to be redirected. For more information, see Setting Origin-

Pull.

You can add a policy to a bucket to grant or deny an account or source IP (or IP

range) access permission for a COS resource. For more information, see Adding Bucket Policies.

You can manage the access permissions for your buckets and objects by

conﬁguring an Access Control List (ACL). When receiving a resource request, COS will check the ACL to determine whether the requester has the required

access permission. For more information, see Basic Concepts of Access Control

and Granting Sub-accounts Access to COS.

Page 8 of 26

Cloud Object Storage

Access Speed

Feature

Description

CDN Acceleration

COS has integrated the CDN acceleration feature to download and distribute large amounts of data from COS buckets. It is most useful in scenarios where the same

data is downloaded repeatedly. For more information, see CDN Acceleration Overview.

Global acceleration

The COS global acceleration feature can help you quickly access your buckets

and improve your access success rate, further improving business stability as well as the overall user experience. For more information, see Global Acceleration

Overview.

Single-connection

bandwidth limit

COS allows setting a bandwidth limit on uploads and downloads to ensure

suﬃcient bandwidth for your other applications. For more information, see Single-

Connection Bandwidth Limit.

Batch Job Processing

Feature

Description

Batch operation

You can specify an operation to be performed on a speciﬁed list of objects in a

bucket. This involves generating an inventory of objects through the inventory feature to serve as the speciﬁed object list, or you can record the objects to be

processed in a CSV ﬁle according to inventory ﬁle formatting requirements. Then, COS will perform the speciﬁed batch operation on the objects in the inventory ﬁle.

For more information, see Overview.

Data Monitoring and alarms

Feature

Dashboard

Description

COS supports data monitoring, with which you can view the amount of data stored

in diﬀerent storage classes by diﬀerent periods, as well as the trends. For more

information, see Dashboard and Querying Monitoring Data.

Page 9 of 26

Cloud Object Storage

Setting alarm policies

You can leverage the alarm policy feature of Cloud Monitor to set threshold-

reaching alarms for COS monitoring metrics. An alarm policy must include the policy name, policy type, trigger condition, alarm object, and alarm notiﬁcation

template. For more information, see Setting Alarm Polices.

Data Processing

Feature

Description

Image processing

Media processing

COS is integrated with Cloud Inﬁnite professional integrated media solution to oﬀer various features such as image processing, moderation, and recognition. You can

process media data through the upload and processing APIs of COS. For more

information, see Image Processing Overview. In addition, COS supports image advanced compression and blind watermarking. For more information, see

Overview on Image Advanced Compression and Blind Watermarking Overview.

Media processing is a multimedia ﬁle processing service provided by COS based

on CI. It oﬀers diverse features empowered by Tencent Cloud's cutting-edge AI

technology, such as audio/video transcoding, video frame capturing, audio/video splicing, video-to-animated image conversion, video metadata query, and intelligent

thumbnail. For more information, see Media Processing Overview and Overview.

File processing

File processing is a processing service provided by COS based on CI for all formats of ﬁles. Currently, it provides ﬁle hash calculation, ﬁle decompression and multi-ﬁle

zipping capabilities. For details, see File Processing Overview.

Document preview

be previewed online directly without download. For more information, see Document

Document preview is based on CI. After it is enabled, document ﬁles in buckets can

Preview Overview.

Smart audio is based on CI. After it is enabled, you can perform operations such as

Smart audio

text to speech, speech recognition, and audio noise reduction. For more information, see Smart Audio Overview.

Function calculation

COS supports CDN Purge Cache for speciﬁed buckets. For more information, see

Function Calculation.

Page 10 of 26

Cloud Object Storage

Data Moderation

Feature

Description

Content moderation

The COS content moderation service intelligently moderates the multimedia content

of images, videos, speeches, text, documents, and webpages. It helps you eﬀectively identify non-compliant content such as pornographic, vulgar, violent,

terrorist, illegal, disgusting, and oﬀensive information to avoid operational risks. For

more information, see Content Moderation Overview.

Application Integration

Feature

Description

Integration with other Tencent Cloud services

Based on Serverless Cloud Function (SCF), COS provides database

backup, message backup, log backup, log analysis, and data export features. For more information, see Application Integration.

Tools

Feature

Description

Management tools

COS provides a suite of tools such as COSBrowser, COSCMD, COSCLI, and COS Migration to help manage and/or migrate data. For more information, see Tool

Overview.

APIs/SDKs

Feature

Description

APIs and SDKs

APIs: COS provides a rich set of APIs and API-speciﬁc documentation that

Page 11 of 26

Cloud Object Storage

describes API usage, parameters, sample requests, responses, and error codes. For

more information, see Operation List.

SDKs: COS oﬀers SDKs for various programming languages, including Android, C, C++, .NET(C#), Flutter, Go, iOS, Java, JavaScript, Node.js, PHP, Python, and

Weixin Mini Programs. For more information, see SDK Overview.

Supported Protocols

Feature

Description

Various protocols

COS supports HTTP 1.0, HTTP 1.1, and QUIC

transfer protocols. It also supports TLS 1.0, TLS 1.1, and TLS 1.2 encryption protocols. To try the QUIC protocol, contact us to add your account to the

allowlist.

Page 12 of 26

Cloud Object Storage

Strengths

Last updated：2024-01-06 14:09:14

Stability and Durability

COS stores data in a cross-infrastructure, multi-device, and redundant manner, provides remote disaster recovery

and resource isolation capabilities for your data. It delivers an up to 99.9999999999% durability for each object,

ensuring that your data is more durable than on other storage architectures.

High Security and Reliability

COS features hotlink protection that can block access requests from malicious sources. It supports SSL-based

encrypted data transfer and allows you to control the read and write permissions of each individual ﬁle. With the aid of

Tencent's attack defense system, it can eﬀectively resist DDoS and CC attacks to ensure normal operations of your

business.

Optimal Cost Performance

COS eliminates your need to purchase, deploy, and maintain traditional hardware devices, thereby reducing your Ops

workload and hardware hosting costs. It supports on-demand and pay-as-you-go usage, so you do not need to pay for

any reserved storage space in advance. Moreover, it can transition cold data through lifecycle management to further

reduce the storage costs.

Ease of Use

COS provides graphical programs, command line tools, protocol tools, and other methods for you to perform batch

operations on stored objects, making it easier for you to use. It also oﬀers tools that can mount buckets locally,

enabling you to directly operate on objects stored in COS just like in a local ﬁle system.

Convenient Access

COS provides a wealth of simple and reliable SDK access tools and a detailed RESTful API access guide, which can

help you easily transfer data over the internet. It also oﬀers seamless migration tools to migrate your business to the

cloud with speed and ease, saving you from high migration and access costs.

Service Integration

COS can be integrated with other Tencent Cloud services, such as CDN, CI, audio/video transcoding, ﬁle preview,

and other components, to provide a fully integrated solution for storage and processing. In addition, it can be used as

a data pool in big data computing to provide data sources for big data analysis and computation. It can also be

connected to SCF to automate event notiﬁcation and processing.

Page 13 of 26

Cloud Object Storage

Concepts

Last updated：2024-01-06 14:09:14

Bucket

A bucket is a carrier of objects, which can be considered as a "container" for storing objects. You can manage

buckets and conﬁgure attributes for buckets through various methods such as the Tencent Cloud console, APIs, and

SDKs. For example, you can set a bucket to be used for static website hosting or set access permission for a bucket.

For more information, see Bucket Overview.

Object

An object is the basic unit of COS and is stored in a bucket just like a photo stored in an album. You can manage

objects in diﬀerent ways including Tencent Cloud console, APIs, and SDKs. An object is named in the format of

For more information, see Object Overview.

APPID

APPID is a ﬁxed unique application ID automatically assigned to you after you sign up for a Tencent Cloud account.

You can view your APPID on the Account Information page.

APPID is usually used in bucket names. A complete bucket name consists of a custom string and APPID separated by

hyphen, such as examplebucket-1250000000 , where 1250000000 is the APPID.

UID

APPID can also be used to generate temporary keys, specify bucket policies, or specify resources in CAM policy

settings. In such cases, APPID is also referred to as UID, both of which have the same value.

For more information, see Bucket Overview, Overview, and Resource Description Method.

UIN

A UIN is an account ID. It is ﬁxed, unique, and in one-to-one correspondence to an APPID and can be viewed in

Account Information. In COS, it can be used to generate temporary keys, specify bucket policies, or specify resources

in CAM policy settings. In such cases, UIN and UID are used in the same way, but they have diﬀerent preﬁxes.

For more information, see Overview and Resource Description Method.

ACL

An access control list (ACL) is a resource-based access management option and describes an access permission.

In COS, an ACL can be used to manage the access to buckets and objects. You can use it to grant other root

accounts, sub-accounts, and user groups basic read and write permissions.

For more information, see Basic Concepts of Access Control and ACL.

Page 14 of 26

Cloud Object Storage

CORS

Cross-origin resource sharing (CORS) refers to HTTP requests where the origin of the resource that initiates the

request is diﬀerent from the origin of the destination resource.

SecretKey

SecretId and SecretKey , collectively referred to as the API key, are the security credential used for

authentication when you access a TencentCloud API and can be viewed on the Manage API Key key. SecretKey

is used to encrypt signature strings and verify them on the server. You can create multiple API keys for one APPID.

SecretId

SecretId and SecretKey , collectively referred to as the API key, are the security credential used for

authentication when you access a TencentCloud API and can be viewed on the Manage API Key key. SecretId

is used to identify the API caller. You can create multiple API keys for one APPID.

Policy

A policy consists of several elements and is used to describe speciﬁc information about authorization. For more

information, see Overview.

Public network downstream traﬃc

Public network downstream traﬃc is the traﬃc generated by data transfer from COS to the client over the internet,

including the traﬃc generated by downloading an object directly through an object link or by browsing an object at a

static website endpoint.

CDN origin-pull traﬃc

CDN origin-pull traﬃc is the traﬃc generated by data transfer from COS to CDN edge node.

Default endpoint

The default endpoint is COS origin's domain name, which is automatically generated based on the bucket name and

region when you create a bucket. It's important to distinguish it from the default acceleration domain name. For more

information, see Overview.

Default CDN acceleration domain name

It is the domain name passing through CDN cache nodes, which is generated by default and you can choose to enable

or disable. For more information, see Overview.

Custom CDN acceleration domain name

You can bind for your bucket a custom domain name to CDN and access objects in your bucket using this domain

name. For more information, see Overview.

Page 15 of 26

Cloud Object Storage

Custom origin domain name

You can bind your own domain name as a custom endpoint to the bucket for access to the objects in it. For more

information, see Overview.

Data retrieval

Storage classes suitable for cold data include STANDARD_IA and ARCHIVE. To read or download data in

STANDARD_IA, the backend needs to retrieve it ﬁrst. ARCHIVED data cannot be read or downloaded until it is

restored to the STANDARD storage class.

MAZ

MAZ refers to the multi-AZ storage architecture provided by COS. Your data is distributed among multiple IDCs in a

region. When an IDC fails in extreme cases such as natural disasters or power outages, the multi-AZ storage

architecture can still provide stable and reliable storage services.

For more information, see Overview of Multi-AZ Feature.

Region

A region is a physical location where data centers are hosted on Tencent Cloud. COS data is stored in the buckets in

these regions.

For more information, see Regions and Access Endpoints.

Page 16 of 26

Cloud Object Storage

Regions and Access Endpoints

Last updated：2024-01-06 14:09:14

Overview

A region is an area where a Tencent Cloud managed data center is deployed. COS data is stored in buckets in these

regions. You can use COS to store your data in multiple regions. In general, you are advised to create buckets in the

region closest to the location where your business is conducted. In this way, latency and costs can be reduced and

compliance requirements can be met.

For example, if your business is distributed in South China, creating buckets in the Guangzhou region can accelerate

the object upload and download speeds.

Default endpoint refers to the COS bucket’s default domain, which is automatically generated when the bucket is

created. Buckets residing in diﬀerent regions have diﬀerent default domains. To view the default domain, you can go to

the COS console, click the name of the desired bucket, click Overview, and ﬁnd the Domain Information area.

Chinese mainland

Region

Chinese

mainland

Public cloud regions

Region Abbreviation

Default Endpoint (Upload/Download/Management)

Beijing Zone 1 (sold out)

ap-beijing-1

.cos.ap-beijing- 1.myqcloud.com

Beijing

ap-beijing

Nanjing

ap-nanjing

Shanghai

ap-shanghai

Guangzhou

ap-guangzhou

Chengdu

ap-chengdu

Chongqing

ap-chongqing

.cos.ap- beijing.myqcloud.com

.cos.ap-

nanjing.myqcloud.com

.cos.ap-

shanghai.myqcloud.com

.cos.ap- guangzhou.myqcloud.com

.cos.ap- chengdu.myqcloud.com

.cos.ap- chongqing.myqcloud.com

Page 17 of 26

Cloud Object Storage

Outside Chinese mainland

Region

Asia Paciﬁc

North America

South America

Europe

Region

Default Endpoint

Abbreviation

(Upload/Download/Management)

Hong Kong

ap-

.cos.ap-

(China)

hongkong

hongkong.myqcloud.com

Singapore

ap- singapore

.cos.ap- singapore.myqcloud.com

Mumbai

ap-mumbai

Jakarta

ap-jakarta

Seoul

ap-seoul

Public cloud

regions

Bangkok

ap-bangkok

Tokyo

ap-tokyo

.cos.ap- mumbai.myqcloud.com

.cos.ap- jakarta.myqcloud.com

.cos.ap- seoul.myqcloud.com

.cos.ap- bangkok.myqcloud.com

.cos.ap-

tokyo.myqcloud.com

Silicon Valley

na-

.cos.na-

(US West)

siliconvalley

siliconvalley.myqcloud.com

Virginia (US East)

na-ashburn

.cos.na- ashburn.myqcloud.com

Toronto

na-toronto

São Paulo

sa-saopaulo

Frankfurt

eu-frankfurt

.cos.na- toronto.myqcloud.com

.cos.sa- saopaulo.myqcloud.com

.cos.eu- frankfurt.myqcloud.com

Global acceleration endpoint

Page 18 of 26

Cloud Object Storage

A global acceleration endpoint is formatted as . cos.accelerate.myqcloud.com . For

more information about global acceleration endpoints and the use cases, see Overview.

Example

Assume that you have logged in to the COS console as the root account ( APPID is 1250000000 ) and created a

bucket named examplebucket in the Guangzhou region, the default endpoint of the bucket will be:

examplebucket-1250000000.cos.ap-guangzhou.myqcloud.com

Note:

Page 19 of 26

Cloud Object Storage

examplebucket-1250000000: indicates that the bucket is owned by the user whose APPID is 1250000000 .

APPID is a ﬁxed and unique ID assigned by the system when you successfully applied for the Tencent Cloud

account. You can view it at Account Information.

cos: Cloud Object Storage (COS)

ap-guangzhou: abbreviation of the bucket region

myqcloud.com: indicates Tencent Cloud domain (ﬁxed)

If you store an image (picture.jpg) to the created bucket, the access URL of the image will be:

examplebucket-1250000000.cos.ap-guangzhou.myqcloud.com/picture.jpg

Page 20 of 26

Cloud Object Storage

Note:

If you have set the access permission of your image to public read and private write, you can copy the image

access URL and paste it in the browser to view the image details.

Private Network and Public Network Access

If an intra-region Cloud Virtual Machine (CVM) instance accesses COS using the default domain, data will be

transferred over a private network by default. In this case, data uploads and downloads will generate private network

traﬃc, but this traﬃc will not be billed. However, note that you will still be charged for the number of requests.

Tencent Cloud COS adopts intelligent resolution for COS endpoints. In this way, the optimal linkage can be provided

for you to access COS with diﬀerent ISPs.

If you deploy a service in Tencent Cloud to access COS, intra-region access requests will be automatically directed to

a private network address. Currently, cross-region requests do not support private network access and will be

resolved to a public network address by default. If you have requests for cross-region private network access, submit

a ticket.

For more information about private network and public network access, see Request Creation Overview.

Page 21 of 26

Cloud Object Storage

Speciﬁcations and Limits

Last updated：2024-01-06 14:09:14